Star.
London, England, 1831-01-03 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

PARIS, JAN own, 1.
Fo Relolll ATTAIIII.—M. Gemdeblen, Wei presented to the
King of the French as member of the Provisional Government
of Belgium, and Envoy Extraordinary of that Power. The
audience lasted an hour. We are assured that M. Gende-
bien retired profoundly touched with the noble frankness of
Louis Philippe, and his benevolent feelings for our brothers
of Belgium. If any new details reach us upon that con-
ference, we shall haMen to make them known to our
readers. They continue to speak, as has been
the case for the last six weeks, of the approach-
ing evacuation of Antwerp. Some Journals at the same
time announce, that it has aninnenced to be executed,
on the part of the Dutch ; but we fear to join in a si-
milar announcement. King William, faithful to his plan
of deception and duplicity, promised, when menaced ; and
imagined afterwards, thousand pretexts not to keep his
promise. He is truly equally blind with the Carlist
party,—he still hopes to amuse by promises, with gold
and obscure agents, who toil in his favour ; and it is
thus be retards the evacuation always announced, and
never realised. This obstinacy, in not retiring from
Antwerp, in spite of the reiterated injunctions of the five
great powers, leads one to suppose that William of Nassau
flatters himself with support from certain Diplomatists' who
probably propel with one hand, end attract with the other.
The time of frankness has arrived for governments ; and
they must resign themselves to be sincere, in order to be
stable, because the people are now more enlightened upon,
their affairs than those who would deceive them.—Con-
stitutionnel.

THE PRINCIPLE OP NON-INTERVENTION ON TUE
SUBJECT 07 POLAND..—A is asked whether the principle
of non-intervention be' applicable to the Pelona* question ?
We believe, in conscience, that the principle is here per-
fectly applicable. It is sufficient, at first, to consider what
signification the Five Powers have attached to the principle.
Examples are not wanting—France, Saxony, Brunswick,
Belgium, Switserland, Hesse-Electorate—allthem colognes
have had interior troubles, have violently char the forms
of their political Institutions, and several o them have
dethroned the chiefs of their government. We do not see
why Cabinets should attempt to oppose, by force of arms, the
right which all people hold from nature, as ell households,
that of modifying its internal government. Now, Poland
is exactly in the same case with the countries just mentioned.
Although the King of Poland is found to be at the same
time Emperor of Russia, it does not follow that the Poles
are to submit to the same kind of political subordination as
the !Wailing, neither to be guarded by Remises, nor op-
pressed by Russian bayonets. It is acknowledged in prin-
ciple by Grotius, Puffendorf, Macbiavel, and all ancient au-
thors, that the introduction of foreign troops in a State, is an
act of tyranny ; subjects have then always the right to op-
pose them. The Poles, at the time of their elective royalty,
have frequently bad Foreign Kings. It is not then against
on of the Emperor Nicholas that they have risen, but
the garrisons of the Rusks functionaries. lithe
' Poland had trod himself,pcorted only by hie aid-
end thus proceeded towards the capital of
no doubt but be would have been received by ins-
acclamations. The principle of non-intervention
been respected in regard to Belgium, and notwithstead-
Belgium and Holland formed one and the same kingdom,
army has not been Dutch, but composed of men of she
The Belgians have not only revolted against
1 they have dethroned him, and they ham solemnly
• exclusion of him and all his family. But
not been incorporated with Russia as
been with Holland. Poland constituted • pa=
having its Hesitations, its army, and its ape-
The violation of the Polish terribly, by
Russian army to repress the national movement of
1, was an evident infringement of the sacred
ple of non-intervention. The affairs of Poland most reit-
mired between the Poles and their king, and the King of
Poland has not the right, to except of hie quality of Emperor
of Russia, to interfere with Russian troops. We hope
France tied England will take imitation from the other great
4, in the miens which have been made on this
subject to the inet of St. Petersburgh. If Ramis does
not listen, we much fear, sooner or later, a general war;
wY. ' in commencing, would have the effect of re-.stab-
entire former kingdom of Poland.—lifersopr

The blindness of despotism, the triumph of liberty, the
of perjury, the clammy of glory, the sympathy
. the people, the terror of governments, the of
anarchy, behold in 1830 ! Wishing, for 1831, 11
to power, wisdom to liberty, good faith to parties vanquillisd.
moderation to the conquerors. institutions to the ;:t
foresight to kings, order, much order to society !
has given the example of legal resistants against the at-
tempts of tyranny. She has given at this limasst the
example of love for the laws, under a liberal monarch. Our
days of July hove awakened nations; may our days of De-
cember illuminate cabinets. There can be on no side any
solid liberty but that which is supported upon respect br
the laws ; there is no power strong, but that which is foga&
ed on free institutions! The National Guard of Paris lies
done more for the peace of Europe in three days, than the
French army would have done in three campaigns. Behold
an honorable intervention, and more efficacious, than any
other ,in the Europeanlinterests ; because it skews to k
and to people: that there are always means of peacel:
them to adopt.—Le Temps.

The explanation of the motives of the Electoral Lawe ia
conceived in a spirit of freedom and amelioration, which re-
fleets honour on the author of the document ; the proposi-
tion of the law are in general suitably justified, except that
of the census of eligibility, for which there are no geld
reasons given ; it appeam that that proposition did not at
first exist in the law, and that the primitive praject
arranged, that whoever was fit to exercise electoral rights, was
equally eligible to exercise the functions of deputy. It was
feared that that proposition would encounter too many objec-
tions in the Chamber, and the basis of 500 francs was re-
solved upon. It seems, however, that the deputies would
hare done well, in permitting the electors whom they have
nominated to obtain the faculty of becoming eligible ; it
Would not have been on their part so excess of gruitude.
Bat the precaution of the Ministry has been of so avail.
We are assured that the deputies still find the andition
of five hundred francs too large. We ere equally
assured, that part of the plan, which admits to the elec-
toral right, all the list of jury, has greedy ,hotbed the doc-
trinaires ; and they haveprepared an amendment, which
Will admit the Doctors of Lew, Medicine, Prof lee,
Bachelors of Arts, &c. who only pay the ball of the Com
claimed of other Electors. 'Phis stir in favour of's
capacity--this exclusive attachment for capacities=
by escutcheons— seems ill to acessel with the principles so
recently professed by the doctrisaires ; hut is perfeedy cos-
instable to the ideas professed by the areal msprity se
the Chamber. Messrs. Guixot, loyer-Collarti, aed
are, it is said, decided to dispute stroegly start the sell
; which is without doubt a treaty of repubdisanimn
anarchy. The manner in whit& the
•. • 3..

",...v-•••••.-4A•tlE..,' •.;

sustain this struggle, will fix, without our alluding to
the judgment which the country bears towards it. If the
project merits a reproach, it is evidently too restrictive in
respect to the great majority of the citizens ; but such as it
is, it presents much of amelioration for which the friends
of liberty mast support and defend it. If, however, it is
to be mutilated by the Chamber, and the Ministry submit to
these mudlations, they will be failing in those engagements
which they have made towards the country and its proper
interests. In holding firm to the contrary, they may expect
with confidence the judgment of the country upon a Cham-
ber, which forgets not at this moment the necessity of call-
ing upon a great mass of the citizens to exercise their poli-
tical rights.—Courrier Francais.

Mr. Hunt has triumphed over his rival, Mr. Stanley, at
the election of Preston. He is nominated member of the
Howe of Commons I Will he continue his trade of English
blacking-making at Paris, and still exhibit to us his car-
riage, drawn by two grey horses, promenading his bottles of
ink and blacking, through all the streets of Paris ?—Le
Temps.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
NOT EXCLUSIVE.

Prom& &urea do Prase, daged &horde', ✓as. 1.
PARIS, Dzc. SI.
" M. Gendebien, Envoy from the Belgian Government,
had yesterday the honour of an audience of the King. He
was presented to his Majesty by the Minister for Foreign
Affairs. The audience lasted three quarters of an boor. It
appears certain, that M. Odillon Barrot remains Prefect of
the Seine, and that the resignation whisk he tendered has
not been accepted.

" The ex-Ministers, Messrs. de Polignac, Peyronnet,
Chameleon, and Gnomon Renville, have been removed- to
the Castle of Ham. Several carriages with post-horses came
to take them from Vincennes at 10 o'clock on the evening
of the 29th. In the carriages were Lieut.-Colonel Delpiec,
who is appointed Governor of the fort of Ham, Lieut.-Col.
Lavocat, of the N • Guard of Paris, Capt. Guibout, an
nicer attached t of the Minister of War,
and a superior National Guard
" Gm. 'vend up the prisoners to Lieut.-Col.
Delpiee. Immediately Messrs. de Pc ignac and Chantelause
got into the first carriage, and with them Lieut.-Col, DelOec
and Col. Lavocat. In the second were Messrs. de Pey-
rennet and Gnomon Renville, and with them the two other
officers commissioned to ecoomputy them to the place of their
&stipules. The. escort was composed of two squadrons
of Hussars, who were relieved between La Villette and Le
Bourget by two squadrons of cheaseers. Detachments were
stationed en the road to the Fort of Ham, where the prisoners
were to arrive on the 30th, at noon. While the carriages were
passing through Paris to go to Vincennes, a man, without
being observed, got upon the seat behind ens of them. He
was taken at first to be the servant of me of the officers
who accompanied the prisoners. It was not till they got to
Vincennes that be was found to be a stranger. He was
immediately arrested and put in prison. He was the bearer
of several letters.
" News has bees received this maim that the ez-Mi-
sista' had arrived at their destination.

" The Conclave, which commeaced on the 14th of Deo.
will not be of duration. It ie hoped that the new pope
harry
will be elected by y at the latest. Cardinals Rudolph
lencri
(Archduke of Amides and Push are out of the question,
ba
lN he
from *dr sinstiost. Cinals qualified far Papacy, in public opinion,
are 13regorio, Pao" Cupelleri, Oiseid, sad Zurla, and
lit weigh at this moment net the ineenteetible merit of
each, but his mending earesr, his alliances, his family, &c.
in order to cheese him who shall appear to combine in the
highest
alldegree the qualities which are essential for this
"Public opinion seas espeolally to pobd out Cardinal
7.07,1, ens of the meet plum mid learned members of the
Sacred College. The bilinear Alexander, just before his
promotion, had selected him for the ins% commission
of surveying the limits of his empire. admires his
scientific work, "On Mane Paulo, and =stoat Vous-
dm Travellers," 2 vols. fide, published in 1818. France
has always appreekeed his virtues and his talents, and the
spirit which is observed in all his works, especially his
Latin theology. Cardinal Capellari enjoys the same reputa-
tion
for his (mangy* knowledge and exalted piety."
FRENCH TUND3.—Paw, Dee. 31.
Fin per Coma 93! 10e lie 10e lee 15e INN Wie 40e We Was
Wie We 110 e lie 10e le We 30e OW 40e 30e 400.
Four per Cum, 74L
Throe ipar:Cuus. Olf 90e IN lie Oaf elf Ole OW 30e 25c.
DNA Sink 1,415 f 1,510/ 1,51 W.
Seen de Nwla, 6W 70e 40e.
Royal /pada laasolle.
Ram Pnystnelle 4l'avn, Nil MI 8.3. ii i• "
Heyde& na. MC
laadoo, ape math, paper. W 110 e ; dome soarbo,
paytitrlo4. fa
—Cours Authoneiguo.
gmaNswwimlMMlM

MOUNT ST. MICHEL.

Mount St. Michel is at the southern extremity of the sa-
chem province of Normandy. It lies in the midst of exten-
sive sands, which are covered by the sea at spring tides.—
The approach to it from the continent being very dangerous,
it is necessary to take guides at Arum*.
Its most ancient sums was Behan', when it was inha-
bited by Druidism. After the abolition of the Druids, it
took the name of Moos Jovis, to which was substituted that
of Tombs, when a monastery was erected upon it. In 708,
Bishop Auber raised u it a church, which be dedicated to
St. Michel. FjWrsd, the second King of England, bad a
particular veneration for Mount St. Michel.
Abbot Roger bad been almoner to William the Coqueror.
Henry 11. of England made a pilgrimage to Mount St.
Michel, where he met Louis VII. King of France, with a
splendid suite.
In 1203, the fortification consisted only of woods. palli-
sades. Being attacked by the Bretons, they est Ire to
them : the fire reached the church mad abbey, which were
completely destroyed.
monastery wee restored in 1226 by Abbot Adulph de
His successor, Riehard Testis, obtained from the Pope
the most distinguished privileges.
In 1418, the English made a fruitless attack upon it.
In 1423, it was attempted again with a very considerable
force and powerful artillery, two pieces of which now remain
at the main gate : one has a stone ball in it of about 15 bashes'
diameter. Among the dietinguisbed English officers who
perished at that siege, was a Chevalier M. Burdet.
In 1577, a Protestant chief (Dutimehet) sueeseded by
stratagem is • possession of it. Alter two days
possession be was ob ged to evacuate it.
In 1591, a similar attempt proved most destructive to the
assailants.
la 1594, the spire the bells, arid the church, were con-
siderably injured by lightniNr.
Mount St. Michel was visited in 1518 by Francis I. of
France.

Is 1561, by Clotho IX.
Is 1576, by the Dubs. ao Bourbon.
In 1624, by tb. Duke do Nwrin, who lois s siob p*-
oast to dio Abbey,
Is 1689, by Madam do Sovign4, wlb ihoirstricl!!
Mont fin et orgesillons.
.9.
• • • .

••

In 1699, Philip Duke of Orleans, brother to Louis XIV.
was erne of its visitors.
The most. remarkable circumstance is the visit paid to it
on the lOth of May, 1777, by the ex-King of France, the'
Count d'Artois (20 years old.) In Impeding the state pri-
son, a wooden cage was shown to him. The Prince, struck
with horror at the sight of it, ordered it to be destroyed.
Shortly after, the young Princes of Orleans, among whom
the present King Philip, accompanied by Madame de Sinewy,
stopped at Mount St. Michel. After having inspected the
subterranean' passages and magazines, the wooden cage was
shown to them. They asked for workmen and axes' and
giving the first blow themselves, the infernal machine was
completely destroyed.
The original rock, which is of granite, was reduced to
180 foot, in order to obtain sufficient room for the building.
The circumference of the rock at the base is a little above
half a mile. The height, including the turret over the
tower, is equal to that of St. Paul's.
It is surrounded on almost every side with lofty walls,
flanked with towers. The north and west sides are nearly
perpendicular. The south side is inhabited. The popula-
tion may amount to 300 souls. The houses are, as it were,
on the top of each other. The ascent to the abbey is by
winding stairs. The abbey is strongly protected by towers
and strong gateways.
Sines the revolution it has been used as a departmental
prison for convicts, of which there are now from 700 to 800.

ciple byGrotius
thors, that the ii
act of tyranny ;
pose them. 11
have frequently
the person of tla
qthe gan
otf Poland]
de- amp, sad
Poland, no doti
nimous acclami
has been rupee
lug Belgium's
the army has a
two nations. 1
their king; the,
the
r:lnaredd has not
has been with
kingdom, basil
Sal laws. '1
the Russian ar
Varsovie, was a
pl. of non-inter
solved between
Poland has not
of Russia, to I
France end Eel
powers, in the 1
subject to the C
not listen, we i
which, in Goa
lishingths midi
da Clianibree.
The blindiese
chastisement of
of the people,]
anarchy, bebop
to power, wisdo
moderation to
foresight to kii
has given the
tempts of tyre
example of loci
days of July hi
cember Wombs
solid liberty bs
the laws ; there
ed on free inat
done more for I
French army •
as bramble II

Project
and at