Star.
London, England, 1831-05-09 00:00:00

Inocu! alien and Vaccination. By JOHN MARSHALL. EM.

A farmer, bearing the name of Benjamin Jesty, determined to tty the
I effects of vaccine inoculation on himself, his wife, and two ions, who
accordingly armed the needle from the vesicle on the teat of a cow, and
operated on the back of the hand near the knuckle of the fore-finger,
which left a cicatrix. This experiment took place in 1774, at List
thirty years before Dr. Jenner. In 1804, Mr. Jesty and one of his sons
came to London, at the request of the Board. On being asked why he
did not persevere in his plan of inoculation, he replied, •• That he was
so laughed at and ridiculed by the inhabitants of the village, for in.
traducing a bestial disease into his family, that he gave it up, and
thought no more about it; notwithstanding, however, he rejoiced to
find that it was taken up by the faculty." A question was asked (which
1 have since remembered) what induced him to make the trial? " By
having known, throughout his life, that all the milkmaids who had
taken the disease from the cow, never afterwards caught the sm.:II-pox."
In order, however, to ascertain whether they were secure after the lapse
of thirty years, Jetty and his son were re-vaccinated. The operation 1
severally witnessed, which was followed by premature irregular pim-
ples, attended by itching, which died off in a few days. Partner Jetty
was then in his seventieth year, who, on being asked how often the dis-
ease prevailed among the cows, replied, to our mutual surprise, " That
it was by no tneans a common or fit qurnt occurrence ; he had only seen
the complaint three times during his life, and that it happened about
once in two or three and twenty years, or thereaway."
It may be here remarked as somewhat surprising, by the acknow-
ledged freedom with which the story got wind among the tittle-tattle
scandal of the village possips. aided by the satirical weapons of peevish
old n aids, that some juvenile medical spark, residing in the purlieus,
did not embrace the tit opportunity of crowning himself by taking a
hint, and snatching the laurel from the brow of Jesty.
A hundred years ago, Ittaly Mary Wortley Montague was atnhas-
sadreas to the Sublime Ottoman Porte of Constantinople, by whose
ekeant epistolary correspondence, a vast improvement in the treatment
of small.pox was introduced to Old England, by mitigating the deadly
attributes of natural varitilus by inoculation, which is fully described,
in her ladyship's works.
The vacciae eli.tast- was propagated in the following manner, from
our ratite shorts into the Turkish dominion, which completely ab-
sorbed the untoward impediments in the medical art, which hod been
hitherto fingered by the superstitious t!a•etrints of the Koran. By the
powerful influence of this regal exam pl many other 'Gantries rapid
ly adopted vaccinations, situate in he eastern climates, namely,Egypt.
Arabia, Syria, and Abyssinia. 'I'M, reminds me of the anecdote mid
of Louis the Pourteenth,who banished, in one day, the mistaken objec-
tions made by his subjects against the ',motor, by wearing at court a
blossom of the plant in his button-holes as a beatqata. These subjects
confirm the following extract from the classics —• Regis ad exemplum
totum componitor orbem'—all the world is governed by the example of
a king.
Vaccination war primarily communicated to the juvenile princes of
the august Mahometan family of the grand monarch of the Turkish
empire, residing in the sumptaous seraglio of Constantinople, through

On the baneful erects of Tiblinacing. Br J. To sow, Ewa.
(From the Monthly of Practical Medicine.)
Though I may incur the displeasure of many of the female part of
the community in investigating a subject, Inc province of which they
may consider peculiarly their own ; after perusing my observations, I
Batter nasal they will be convinced an anxious solicitude alone for their
welfare has induced me to offer few remarks upon a subject which
will be found not only highly important, bet most essentially necessary
to their future comfort and happiness; nay, 1 may say, will contribute,
in h pre-eminent degree, to enhance 'Loa,: personal charms which they
have been so long mistakingly, and, with perverted optics, vainly
flattering themselves were beauties instead of deformities. In order to
view this subject in its nue character, let us contemplate the structure
of the human body in its natural state. Here we shall observe that the
viscera have particular situations and posinons assigned them ; that
they are endowed with functions peculiar to themselves ; formed with a
sagacity never to be too much admired ; and all so admirably harmo-
nising together, that, when uninterrupted in their operation, the must
beautiful symmetry in the human frame is the natural result. In con-
&nation of this, whenever Nature is allowed to pursue its accustomed
course, we see ruddy health, well-proportioned limbs, and an elegantly
constructed form. Such are the effects of Creative Wisdom. Is it pos-
sible to conceive, being thus happily circumstanced, that human nature
should arrogantly and presumptuously set up a process for the forma-
tion and growth of the human body, so diametrically opposite to that
which GOD and Nature intended for our good ? Its bare contemplation
fills me with horror. Such, however, is the fact, inconceivable as it
may appear. The figure of the Venus de Medicis is not suitable to the
genius of the present age; such is now the fashion that, to be considered
any thing like genteel, the female form must assume the att ape of all
hour-gt.ss. This is esteemed the height of perfection, What a rid:.
colour idea ! For this purpose every Invention is called into action to
reduce the waist to the smallest possible dimensions. Stays, belts,
ligatures, steel busks of different descriptions, are called into requisition
for the accomplishment of this most absurd object. By means of this
prepaccrous conduct, the bones of the chest are compressed,—the car-
tilages of the ribs ride over each other,—the vital organs, so essentially
necessary to our very existence, are obstructed and injured in theit opt-
rations,—the diaphragm is impeded in its action,—the circulation
through the large blood-vessels is obstructed,— and the breasts whim',
in a natural state, are so beautifully constructed, are Battened and
become flaccid, losing their excellent rotundity and figure, and are d -
prived of their alluring and captivating charms ; and various other
evils are the result of this baneful practice. Now, let me ask, for
what are all these ills incurred ? Is there any thing particularly beau-
tiful or desirous in an hour.glass contraction of the human frame? is
there any thing particularly fascinating in pushing the breasts up to the
neck, in forcing the stomach and liver into the inferior part of the abuts
men, and forcing the bowels over the brim of the pelvis,—thus
ois-
placing these important organs from the original position which Nature
assigned them, producing ruptures, &c. P Its absurdity is too obvious
to render any further comments upon it necessary. I Phan now
point out, from long and extensive practice, the diseases resulting from
this ill-judged arrangement and mischieveusinte ference, independently
of the natural and accordant growth of the human frame being thus
deranged. The feats es indulging in this fashion are troubled wish
shortness of breath, toss of appetite,—in truth, from the compressed
state of the stomach, it is incapable of receiving sufficient nutriment for
the support of the annual economy ; in consequence of which glandular
obstructions, dyspeptic sin inpioins, faintinge, convulsions, palpitations of
the heart, and a riumetous tram ul nervous diseases are the result. The
effects of the pressor_ on the heart and lungs are, head.ache, spitting
of blood, it,flaitimat n.) of the eyes, swelled legs, varicose veins, and a
numbaleA catalogue of woful maladies.
It will be Lecessa y for me to observe that this is not the only error,
I regret to say, by which the undue interference of tile female pan
of the commuity is productive of serious evils. It is considered by
them a great beauty that the blettlebones should inert; back-boards,
&c. are called into use for this purpose; and by these means, whet:-
ever this, which they consider an eltgible object, is ac.oomplislinl, the
result naturally ensuing is, the clavicles are partially, it not wholly
dislocated. In consequence, likewise, of the pressure used for this and
the previous purposes, the various muscles of the numan body which,
in their natural state, tend to contribute to its beauty and tied y, are
altogether deprived of their powers of acting, which, by tong continued
want of exercise, are ahogetner lust and destroyed. Hunch.backa,
crooked spines, and distorted pelves, are thus produced. Such is time
melancholy picture us this injudicious practice, whicto the present time
will not allow me to expatiate upon. Suffice it to say, th.,t the states
moot here exhibited is by no means exaggerated. respaience and ob-
servation concur in entorcing the cony tenon, that i the cool:mutton
were lett to its own unbiassed operations, a robust frail. , sound con-
audition, mid healthy old age would he the necessary result; on the
contrary, if this absurd custom be pursued, the health will he most se-
siourly injured, and a debilitated frame dm eons. got le s ill be
shortened, and, as long as its contiuuance exist* eti bi teied with misery
and sorrow. In the one case, we see the edicts of Creative
in the other, the pernicious contrivance of ignorance said fully.
4
THE CH Illttat.

OXFORD, Ma 5.
Tnis day the following tientlemen were admitted to &stets :
BACHELOR IN CIVIL Law.—Jeffirl_Lkins, Fellow of New Collee.
Al. STERS OP ARTs.—Rev. J. A. HaiTibOO , St. Diary Hall ; Rev.
J. Lawson, St. Alban Hall; W. D. lkrnatd, W. M. Harvey, and B.
Spry, Grand Compounder, Wadham ; D. Jackson, Queen's ; E C.
Seymour, Christ-Church.

liscirious or A ava—H. S. Hale and W. B Dynham, Magdalen
Hall ; M. Jackson, Lincoln; W. W. Knighton, J. Tobin. and J. H.
Grier., Claim-Church ; H. C. On4ow, U. Robins, J. P. Wilson. and
C. King, itia6daltn College; A. Oxenden, ar.d R. they. University;
0. A. Goddard, and H. Auldjo, Brazen.nost ' • H. Powell, and R. A.
S ert, Lacier; G. T. ‘Viiiifield, St. John's; P. H. Symonds, &. id-
niund Hall, W. Giles, and W. Bathurst, Wadham ; J. H. Stuart,
Trinity; W. F. Williams, Jesus • J. Hardy, Gild.
CAM Bit IhO R. MAT. .
_ .

On Monday last Edward Ellice, Fag. and Francis Dashwood.
of Trinity College, were admittedHottorary Blasters of Arts.
Oa Friday last, the Rev. Joh° Prestos' Reynolds, M.A. was insti-
tuted to .he Rectory of Beeston at. Andrew, In Norfolk, ott the pre.
sentatlon of F. R. iteynolds.
On the saute day, die Rev. Francis William Cubitt, B.A. was biota.
tilted to the Rectory of Fritton, in Suffolk ; and the Rey. Edw.
door, B.A. was licensed to the Perpetual Curacy of Brightwt.ti, in the
sante county.

NAVAL IiWaiIi,ENCE.
FALMOUTH, liar 7.
FaiDAY,MAY 6.—Wind N.—Anived his Majesty's packet Reim.
deer, Lieut. Rees acting, from Halifax, sailed 20th April, with loss of
foremast and bowsprit; also arrived his Majesty's ship Chanticleer,
Austin, from the Coast of Africa, last from Si. Michael's ; the Star,
Hill, from St. Jago de Cuba, for olden, forty.two days • the Lana,Baddie, (ruin St. Domingo, for orders, forty days, with lass of main
' topmast and lower masts sprung • the uke of Richmond, Cook, trum
Woolaich ; and Active, Wyatt, from London. Sailed, his Majesty's
steamer Meteor, Symons, for the Mediterranean; the Lord Melville
packet, %+ ebb, for the B.aails; and the 111srlbro• packet, Bull, foe
Lisbon, all with mails of the 3d instant; the Gleaner, Grielths, for
Liverpool; and the Belanna, Gat rick, for Wales.
SATURDAY, MAY 7.—Wind E.—Arrived the Louis. Dunlop, from
St. Domingo, for orders, and Antwerp • the Duke of kichn oad, Cook,
from Woolwich ; the Active, Wyatt, irom London; and the
Thomas, from Dublin. Passed the Pert, the Planet, Barclay, Irmo:
Jamaic.t, for London. Bailed, the Expedition, Williams, and he Ells
zebra,. Griffiths for Liverpool ; and the Regent, Bieber, tor Watt-fiord.
MAKGATE, MAY 6. Arrived the Rosanna, Forster, Berbtue.
DEAL, MAY 6 Wind N., moderate.—Arrived the Lady MANN
Tucker, Borni,ay Waterlilly, Bruce, Jamaica; Charles Bell, Brook,
St.Vir.cent ; ar:d Ceres, alarseilles.

PORTSMOUTH. MAY 6—Wind N.W. to NAL equal:. Arrived
his ujrpt)'. ship Galatea, from Tampico, last from theavansalt,in
49 clap, with 100.000 dollars.
BR I 6 TO N MAY 6 —Arrivedoff, the Elphinstone, Oldham, Madras.
FALMOUTH, MAY 6.—K and W. to N.W. fresh gales.—Arrived
the Alutinc packer, tram Vim Crus; Concordia, Lowe; Ann, Cayler,
and Eleanor. Si. Michael's. The Muting packet sailed llith Mach
from Vera Cruz, and 6111 ult from the Havannab.
Doves, Mar 6.—Arrivid off Port, the John Pierce. Bodeen, tilt.
Vii,cem's; Driver, Conetaininople ; and Bahicum, I date.
. _
Bay ssELLs, APRIL 29.—Our town has now lost all
traces of the 'evolution, excepting here and there s house
that au burnt ; every thing is quit tly assuming its old
course : the repairs in the park are completed, and it is
ttuitely awl delightfully arranged; great numbers of men are
culplo~ed iu forming a new Boulevard, which is to extend
a:I round the town ; this, when finished, and planted with
double rows of trees, will add greatly to the beauty of the
place, and pleasure of its inhabitants. The new basin is
opened! it looks extremely handsome, and is calculated to
aCCOOIOUrdaIe R considerable number of vessels; this will be
an additiol al mance of attraction to our fashionable prom
nade. The " Allee Verte, which looks green and spring-
like, was crowded on Sunday with the bean meads, gaily
and elegantly dressed.—This account differs materiallyfrem
the lawe and melancholy descriptions given in some of the
EngliA papers, nevertheless it is a true one.