Star.
London, England, 1805-01-25 00:00:00

felf to put a favotir+ble interpretation upon Mr. Ce-
vallos' demand ; and, as 1°,41 .1‘ 1 receive a copy of
the official corterponicnce, I thall dire& to him an
explanation of the nature which he requires. I have
the ltntwur to be, &c. (Signed) J..H.
114,ht Hon. Lord HAwktibury. &e.

. Fait hic'olure in N 0.3 )—Tr..rilati.):: of a Notc from Don Pe-
dro Ceva9ot J.H. Friar, Efti. c'atc.! Arroj.nz, ytl, joile,ig.:4.
Sir—l have received the note which yint were
pleafed to a.fdrefs to me, dated the 3d indant, in
which you infinitate the neceffity. which the prefent
date of public aff.,irs imptifes upon your Court, to
:egaire a foltinn and authentic declaration of the us- I
tc utilns of this Government, Whit refised to the dif-
lave between France and England.
In anlwer to this note. it is my duty to fay, that
hir:wrto the King, my Mailer, is nut informed of the
di,l,2rences between the French and lititifh Govern-
melts, utherwite than by the public papers, in which
it is affet•ed, that the demands of Great are
not conformable to the tlipulations of the Treaty df
Amiens, and that France has not thought herfelf
able to fublcrihe to them, without the concurrence of
Spain and 1-I,lland, as contraffing panics, and of
Audria, Ruffia, and as guarantees of that
Treaty ; that in fuch circumflanees nothing would
have been more conformable to the reciprocal rela-
tions refulting from a Treaty ; to the ptiaciples
which conditute its force ; and to the legal means
of diffolving it ; than that Great Britain fhould
have explained her wiffies to the King, my mailer,'
in lo far at lead, as being a principal in the Treaty
of An.iens, he is concerned in the obfervance of
the articles which eon:pole it. And laftly, that his
Majelly being, is I have obferved, in want of all
official and authentic information upon 'the Rate
of the Negociations, which is neceffary for return-
ing a proper anfwer upon the weighty quell on
treated of in your note, he can Lake no refolution
without this indifpenfable information, which you
may be able to furnith me, by akin& of your Gri-
verntnent, for that put pole, a relation of the pro-
pos and termination ail a negotiation.—l profit of
this opp•otuuity, Ste. (i.ttlad) PEDRO CIVALLOt.
J. H. Frac. Ike &c.

frantLtion of Second Inc!. P,ro in No. 3.)
grit, Tl.Hri I, toth June ttcy.
I t, to ng ,;•:nf: is aniwcring your Excellency's note
of veilei day's date.
In crier n t tuimportune your Excellency by an idle
and ut di -euflion, it had appeared to me necef-
fary to prop.'fe to you a plevi,us quettion, refultins
from the exiilcnee of the tre tries between hts
Cat'.olic %jetty and the 1, -wit Republic; namely,
to know v.hcther his Cathnlic Maiefty's Government.
Rill cc:of:Acted i.felf as bound b •I‘e letter rtthe
ttraty ,t St. ildelonM, and particula tky that of
the riq'ttit atticlrt the etfeet of which alnolutely iden-
tifie. rte two Governments in the event oft

Note., ithaanding the confidence with which his
Britannic Majeity would h.tve fubroi:red to his Ca-
tholic Slajeily's egility, and to :he difcernment of
his Government, lb jutt a caufe as that which in-
volves him in the pr tient lioailities, it would have ap•
pealed to me fupei &ions to lay before the Court of
Spain an explanation of his Majeay'a motives, if in
deed it was true that this Court did not retain the
right to demand a fimilar explanation from its ary,
nor to according to the decifion which its own
principlc> of jullicc might rupee* ; if, even in doing
plaice to the cone.na of the Blitith Government, it
thould never:Wets feel itfclf obliged to take up arms
in fupp-rt of a caufe which it had acknowledged to
be unjull.
As it is' impotlible that there confiderations can
have &aped the penetration of pint. Excellency, it
is with real fatisfailion that I perceived, by your note,
that the Court of Spain cape.% form farther explana-
tions on the nature of the difeidlions which have
fubfiilcd between England and Fiance, before it
could decide on the pert which it ghould take in the
war which has termi:sated them. I accept it as a
proof that Spain filth (he fill has a free choice ; and,
as fuch, I (ball not delay trar.fmitting it to my Go-
vernment ; not d.,iibting. but that as form as it (hall
be informed of thefe difpolitions of his Catholic Ma-
jelly, I than be authoriled to give him the moll fa-
tisfdlory explanaions on the confederations which
have determined his !staidly again to take up arms
evinit France, and which cannot make any alter-
atii n in the tincere defire with which he is animated
to maintain and increafe more and more the bonds of
friendlhip and good understanding already eltablifhed
between the two countries. And if fuel' inftrutlions
have not yet been tranfmitted to me, your Excellen-
cy will feel, from what I have jull mentioned, that
this delay cannot be imputed, either to an unwilling-
aefs on his Britannic Majelty's part to concert with
the Court of Spain thole =Mures, which he has ne-
ver ceafed to purfue, for the prefervation of peace, or
am lefs to a fear of lust being able to jaltify in the
eye of his Catholic Majefly the decifion which he
found Limfell at fait oblig:d to take. Your Excel-
lency will find the motive of it in the nature of the
political relations of your Court, and in the imp. aibi-
lity there exilled of fubmirting to it dilcuffinns, in
which its connexions with France did not permit it
to have a voice, lintel's Spain thould free het felf from
thole laws (he had impofed ma herftlf, and fhnuld
claim that right of flee judgment, which a nation
only toles with its independence. I avail myfelf,lcc.
(Signed) I. H. MERE.
His Fxcrttency Dun Pedro Cerallos, Sec. Sec. &c.

24;0•4 from J. H. Fr, re, Efq to I.ord Havrkeibory,
It I Jciria, 12th Septinixx 1803.

My Lord—The inclined note was fent in conic-
quence uf my being informed that General Botirnon-
vile had obtained permiili'n for about 1500 men,
between failor, and attillery men, to pals to Ferrol,
to man the flii;s there. I can hardly flatter myfelf that
my rctnonttiance v:11 be attended to ; but I thought
it u!etul and tiectoliry to enter a protell a;,,linit a
proceeding contra! v ,o the principles rf the neutra-
lity hitherto pr ieikri by this Government, and which
came In nearly within the fcope of the imitations
which I received from your Lordfhip. I have the
honour to bf... (Signed) J. H. FREIE.
rtic Right:-! an. Lord hawk, tbury, &c. &c.
(TraidLtion of Im.l.lurc In No. 4.)
9th September tBc3.
have ji.Ol received accounts, of the accinacy of
which I cannot doubt, informing me of the prepar
at ions made by the Spanith Gneertuncr.t to facilitate
paGge of a confideraiele body of marines and
snit:ell men defined to reinforce the French fleet
sow at Ferrol.
The What:loos with which my Court has fivailh•

ed tre for my coati& in the event of french troops
entering the SPanifh territory, are In clear and poll-
tive.l and the prefent cafe is to analagous thereto,
that 1 have little dripbt of the light in which this
proceeding will he lohked upon by my Government;
and at the lam: time that I batten to communicate
it to you, I n4ll ptoteft, in the mofl formal manner,
agairat Welt a flagrant breach of the neutrality of
Spin.
It4rould probably be fuperfluons, in this place, to
attempt to do juflice to the fcrupulous rcfpeul which
the officers of his Britannic Majefly have thewn for
the Spann territory, fince your Ercellency is al-
ready well convinced, that fuch is the intention of the
Government under which they ferve. I cannot, how.
ever, refrain from quoting a recent inflance, in which.
during the heat of the purfuit, anal even on the very
point of capturing the prize, the Englifh fleet refpefl-
ed the neutrality of the Spanifh coati, and permitted
an enemy's frigate to take refuge in the vet y port ;
whence by means of the fuccours which arrive there
from France, (he will put to yea, for the purpofe of
combating that fame fleet.
It has been the conftant objet of all my efforts, to
cattle this Government to feel the real interell it has
in preftrving the friendfhip and good undertlanding
which fubfills between the two Ct..wnr. His Majelly
has already proved to the whole world, by a moder-
ation unexAmpled, the high price which he attaches
to this iy:iem, and which he will cantinne to attach
to it, a. tong as he shall fee any hope of a reciprocal
difporni,,a tal the part of Spain ; but I dare rot be-
lieve that be will fee with indiffret,.-e a conduit I()
little confoimahle w his own, or that he can acknow•
ledge the neutrality of that power, whole ports (hall
have become, not the arylum, but the dock yard,,
and the arfenals of his enemy. I avail myfelf of this
opportunity to, Etc. (Silned) 3. H. f RERE.
His Excellency Don Pedro eerallos, !cc. ere.
No. s.—Extradt of a Difpatch fr..nt I.ord liLwkefbury to J. H.
Frac, F.fq. dot •d Downing-ftrect,i4th Noventhrr

. . ,
Your ditpatches to No. 41. inclutive hate been re-
ceived, and laid before the King.
I have great fatisfa4lion in communicating to
you his Itla)!Ily's entire approbation r f the line of
conduct which you have adopted, and the 1an7,12-,ge
which rut have held in your different convert:di:4%s
with the Spanifh Dim fillers.

In the uncertainty which appears yet to prevail,
whether any treaty or convention has aaually been
concluded between France and Spain, and what are
the pi cede conditions of fuch Treaty or Convention,
it is extremely difficult for me to give you any in.
Itruaions which mull not be dependant upon cit corn.
fiances, of the particulars of which his Majelly is not
yet ct.rieNly informed.
The prefervation of peace with Spain has, from
the period of the commencement of the prefent war,
been the con4ant objett of his Majeßy's policy ; but
the Spanish Government muff thewfelves feel, that
this ohjea can only be attained by their earned en-
deavours to do every thing which depends upon them
for the maintenance of a fair fytlem of neutrality, by
their canting that neutrality to be refpetted by the
other belligerent powers. When the queflion, there-
fure' occurs, how far his Majztty would content that
the Spanifh Government thould purchafe their neu-
trality by an advance of pecuniary fuccours to the
French Government, and would Rill regard than in
the charaaer of neutrals, this mull be confidered as,
in fume degree, depending on the amount of the Inc-
cours fo to be advanced, and likewife on the deter-
mination
of the Spanifh Government to enfure their
neutrality in all other ref-peas; for, at the time when
his Majefty might be difpofed to difregard any (mall
or temporary advance of money, if caudal for the
attainment of !Itch an objea, it would be impoffible
for him to confider a permanent advance to the extent
of that Rated by ru, in any other light than as a
fubiidy to the French Government, and as windy
the moll effectual affidance which the Spanifh Go-
vernment could afford them for the profecution of
the war.

In the event of your being convinced that any ar-
rangement of the nature alluded to by you has been
concluded between the Spanilh and French Govern.
ments, or of your having reafen to believe that inch
an arrangement, if not abfolutely concluded, is likely
to take place, you will conform yourfelf to the fol-
lowing inflruEtions
Firli, You will prnteti againil the meafure, as a
violation of neutrality on the part of Spain, and at
confequently a juttifiable code of war on the part of
his Majefly.
Secondly, Yon will explain diflinetly that his Ma-
jc rly can only be induced to abflain from immediate
hnliilities, in confequence of filch a meafure, upon
the confide/anon that it is a temporary expedient,
from which the Svanith Government are determined
to extricate the:hi-elves as loon as potlible, and that
his Mijefly mut: E e at liberty en confider a perfe.
veranc, in the fyitem of furnifhing pecuniary tile.
cours to Fiance, as, at any future period, when cir-
en:Oa/ices may render it neceffary, a jnR caufe of war.
Thiruly, His Majefly expe&s that the Spanith Go-
vernment CA perfevere in their intention of refuting
the admillion of any French troops into the Spanith
territories. _ _ _

Fourthly, Any meafttres taken by the Spanifh Go-
vernment towards naval preparation, mull be con'''.
deted, under the prefent etrcumflances, as objefts of
the greatelt jcaloufy, and any attempt to furnifh na-
val succours to France as an immediate caufe of war.

Fifthly, His Majelly has a right to expea,not only
that the ports of Spain thould be open to the com-
merce of his fubjeas, but that his (hips of war, and
the fbips of his fubjeels, (hall receive the fame treat-
ment as thole of bis enemies. _ _

Thefe are the initiations which you will adopt for
the regulation of y.,ut condu&. In the event of a
French army ente!ing the Spanint territories, or of
authentic information being received of any naval
fuccouis being in preparation for the purpofe of af-
fording affithince to his Majelly's enemies, you will
confider your million as at an end ; and after the
proper official communicatinns,you will leave Madrid.
In the event of your being under the neceflity of
leaving Madrid, you will give previous notice to the
Commanders of his Majelty's forces in the Mediter-
ranean, at Gibraltar, at Lilbon, and off Ferrol, that
they may proceed without delay tt, nteafures of hof-
tility.

John Hookbant Frerc, Efq.
No. 6.—Extr.tet of a IV iatch from J. H. Frere. Pfq. to Lord
Hawkdbury, dated Madrid, 27th Deci.ll,lCr 1803.
The inttruaions which 'had the honour of ruciv-
ing from yottr Lotuthip by the Meffenger Baffet,
were recciri4 by ate wait the bighea gratitude fur

flee gracious expreffions of /.14jerty'i approbxtion
of my condat ; and nith no lefs cn ac-
count of the precifc acel detailed rule!: laid cleiii
'my guidance, and their Inquitate adaptation to tl,c
Hate of things in tbi, enuLtry at the pv.fent juntiur.

Mr. Cevailos had for force time anfacred all rr y
reprec;ltat ions aithan air (q.t.() much lati4aoion antl
fttpctit I information, that I was fcarl,,l tlia-,
in the warmth with which I had urged the
topics, which arc pointed out in your Lorahip's ow.
patch, I migh have gone beyond the feeling ()Ibis
tlajelty's Government.

When I received your Lordfhip's difpatch. I maec
it the lubjen of a note to M. Cevallos as ; halo and
Ihort as the fubjeel would admit, and almott entii‘ly
copied from your Lordfhip's indruetions
On the following dav I called upon M. Cevallos,
and, in (-peaking on the fubjeet of the Nt.le, ot,terved
to him that I united he would 0 tw do jou ic-.t '0 the
intentions which had dietatcd the langnae.e I had for-
merly held to him, when he law its prt.citl: tonfta-
mity with the inftruetions which I had rect.ivcd fiom
my Court. M. Cevallos went into a long dilfertation
upon neutrality, and a recapitulation of the Cacti.
fices, as he called them, which the Kiag of Spain
bad made to preferve a neutrality. I atilwered with
the obvious arguments which I do not n.lw repeat,
as they arc nearly the fame as thol'e contained in a
Note which I have face delivered, and which your
Lot dthip will find enclofed. M. Cevallos aniwered,'
that his Catholic Majefty had done every thing in It's
power to preferve a neutrality, and that it his n•
deavours tailed it would not be his fault, hot that 31
his Majefly's Government, who would he refponfede
in the eyes of Europe. To this I replied, tilat Eu-
rope would certainly judge which of the two Go•
vernments was in the right, and that I conceived
that Great B:irain had little to apprehend :rom loch
a judgment ; that what he called neutrality was in
fact a fobitly, which the French would. whit ever
they plealed, convert into aftive eo-operatit.ll, oy
makiol a p ttra7,e through this country to P.trttig tl ;
an event ratio the late convention did not pi ovi
aphid, and which they kiitt-, and hal been repea.-
tally warned, tha: Leal and world confider as
breech t.. matronly on the part of Spain.
After eh this rait ot.thz lithjca, M. Cevant-s
qucilioned me in tcnhrn, aid jefitad toe to tell hirt
whether the a rf-rdimr the pectinior)
coins to France w tail be coniideic.l as a grt:.und
war, and wiletil,:t I wa' atahoriled to declare it :
this 1 anfwete.l d;itioelly that I was; and that a ,v,ti
would be the irifilAle c,ofetperice. In that ca'e,
Laid he, his Ntlaj..!ly is I):.und by folemn trcatics,
which he cannot depart lions; but it the pecuniary
fuccours arc thcmfclves tiw,to ~,ht a motive for war by
Great Ilrttain, the groti.td ttf our engagement is al-
tered. I ancwered, that it sate not the with of F.ng,
land to ern% Spain, and ilill lels to crufh her is ft
your of France ; that it could anfwer no purp• to
that Spain thoald exhautt het fell by fill fornilliitvg
fublidy and afterwart.ls a contingent; a:at thot
withed therefore to have a clearer and mole .linina
declaration than that contained in my note t.f :1:c Jay
More, I .could give it lom. II: laid, he thought
that was unneceffary, that the note was ilreng enough.

SIR,

(Trani.stiuti of Cirll Iliclururo it. No. 6.)
I.tcor' t D t R
_ _ _

I ',bey the orders which I hay.: init received fr,:-ni
my Court, by tranimitting to purr Excellency, in an
authentic shape, the d•:elara;:na I have fre-•
quently had the honour of ma ki:1; verbally, and in
a manner let's palitive and e i precf.

Since the commencement of hottilities, his Majefly
has never ceafed to confider the ref:twat:on of g.-nd
undernanding with the Com t of Spa:a ai a prir,.:p.:l
objet of his political views. This
has never refuted to a!-liii-m•ledxl.• the ot:
Majzfty's ..tad Rood sill t:Avar.l, it. B•:-
it is equally in p icfl, ant th,.. Court of Soain itfti;
cannot but admit it, tlix t C ir„-t of i.i fond
and of there intentions, malt ti:pen‘i •iiym tha: of tile
efforts which Spain is boand to mak!. ; in
, the fira place, to maintain a fylierti of aoi-o:J:e neu-
trality, and, fecondly, to caufe it to be reff.%aed b,
the other belligerent powers.
IVith regard to the f0r..;,-r, his Ms fly is per fca:y
fenfibte of the difEctilti.:s of Etitation in
Spain is placed, as well by rca':an of her an;:ent ties
with France, as on accovnt of the and ha-
bitual condo& of that power and 01 her cl i,!!..
confideration would induce him to at? wi:h forbear-
ance to a certain decree, and particalarly to overl. ,-k
Inch pecuniary facrifices a, thoulti u:': he of fafficLit
magnitude to force attention on aczotint of their 1)i,
litical effetcts. But it is exprefAy enjoir.ed me to dc-
dare to your Excellency, that advances,
fuch as are Ilipulated in the Convention recently
concluded with France, ca not be c,,otithrcd by tue
Britifli Government but as a war ; a 11:c-
-cour the moil efficacious, thz adaptcd to th:-.•
wants and to the fituation of the en:my,

prejudicial to the intcrelts of his r•;:.!on.:
fubjeels, and the moti dangeton, .
in fine, more than an equivalen: eict
cies of aggreflion.
Notwithlianding his perfonal
r,ocellity, and that tita dory which cs:o.pe:,
to confider, above and before ail things, til • nat•:-.1
whofe interells are committed to his c.:1•e: p!c•
fcrihed to Lie Niajelly that cc:h.:net from hc
cannot. depart.
\\'i..!) regard to the fecond :':at Of c:,:11!•,_
this neutrality to be relpt6ted by cAter •i•
Powers, it appears fuperiiuon.. rep-..at to yclur 1.
cellency the dedirations which I I:are alt.% dy
on the fqbjea of Portugal ; 41...veirbesie t.

.t. i~

°Nee is again pointed out in my latt
car.not refrain from r.Teatinsr to your the
declaration, that the pailaf.,,e of Fr.:ll,::i ti
through the territories of Spain ‘k otild iu corf;dr r-.,!
as a violation of her Netrialitv, and th.t:
jetty would fir.d himtelt compeih.d to
to the molt d‘citive matures, in
loch an event. Such, Sir, is an abridgr.::::t 01 Lh.:
initruelions which I have jiitt received (row nq
Count, and which I communicate nea!l;.• tor:.
terms. There arc others. of info i,-r
upon which I (hall have the honour to convoic
you in the conference of to•morrow.
Whilft I attached the atmot imput rcP. to theic
intcreiling rubjeCts, it affords me much (!tisf‘oll:::-. to
think that your Excellency will at length 1),7 poMad-
ed that I have been far from c,:ceedin: the views
and fentiments of my Government in the declara-
rations which I have formerly made, and that the
advice which I have thought it right, in concequen‘e,

to 1071.!1, has 1):-.1n roulid
unL:

I:I': Co

!iy :!..:

s"!

;:ct‘s•cLa

•~

Ili, I.7.ed%!:Cy Pon

In yin. (,

sto j. kl.

r i..i

••1

A

—Tr.. 0: a I,'t Irvn:

c.at,l

••
I. 3s the v•.tr I)es,d.it he:
an t.-;,•rtin t!
pow,' t., iiltliii:l

,1•:!c:••t;1%e

the ('1 1-

:!;1 eltoricn

much it cl
S? lin. anO. Itt:lit t'•
King's ftitit, piAtnr.s ir. ro derCe all

t.. th cowirmance frklidlhip at,,i
wi:h r;rcat. Brit.:in. wi:h %•11••:
has cn.'r•ar. ,i: ito I-
ce cor.:;:i.ttion, Great Brit.:in cnrrcfr
Cone ptinitiCog tilt pr.:,
rtis the 1.v.% of • ,
accoti,:ti,
vember, al:the da:e ,ti•• \

.1 d u •d•r-
...kdajzity
.ery me4u•
ru
tr:
. :

pc.tt,:d
ri• ot. Ne•
tile Cot:•
you. have

who h 4 V::11 I 1:i: to C:.O
juil fent me.
skithoe;,,h the S;iar.P.ll Cabin, t is penetta:ed whh
the maxim, that the idea of aiL;i..g Fiance is coin-
with that if rnrt:ality towar!s Em4latid, l is
%Hi), has thonat that lie cotil.l Inner maintain
thefe tven oblezts by a method, tki:ich, without being
dilagiceabli: to FlAnce, lLr neutrality towards
Great Britain of that battik czteiiiir, which military
fuccouri neceffarily prcfent, ‘k-hich fometimes, in
fpite of friensily protellations, leads the minds of
neutral Sovcicigns to miiirull, to the hazard of O.:
ilhed-for peace..
Such have been the King's political views in agr2e-
ing to a Trs:aty of Sti!niity to France, equivalent to
the military

Neither betiite m.r (Ince thii treaty has the Spa-
nn Gove:nment rtrit cd any t.f thort moms svlt'cis
lead to the prcfcry.v.i.i» tt^uu•l iinderflanding
Great Britain, .is it p-•-t•ed to yon by th:
nrvin tise who h.t A dars:d to
infillt the

in it,. et-I'srcrence Spa-
r :!;•.•t• .; it Spa n v:•.iated
11:r mzatraii-.y the
r.-.:.l.itary nick i; i !yr •••_l2tic!..enct.
The recut...-:y its

IS:

Ih3t.. ;t r..., l•.•:: 'c twoher cont.
pr,.,rolcs r.• thote who art

net tcr, 11,4' • 4VICU I,iCit ready .tr.d expedi.
thitts tr.c.4n, Great Brit:iin.

Thc •.-)i):
(.; •ci

s with the French
cr.try t.f ha. tro.Ts into

• ppr<ht.nti.ms of the Court
oi frrn tiie Fir.t (.7onful that
this point th,;;1.1. onj.:Et nt r.egotiatien be-
tween thc tit vAnnients, and his Maj..ily uff:r-
i.ig to co oi,eraie witn his B••a'd ffices for tin: conclu-
1i n I,t a tiealy I, filcher the kingdom of
l'initigal hont :try .ii.ack ; ai favourable eff.:6ts of
w!•ich that 1: Els alrea.iy begun to feel, aral
;1 is in 11..1- el- :0 trout it all the advantae

iiiii!;ngs I receive your nnte,wl*h
:11.t; it. 11...61.g iubiiituted pecat,i-
Ari L'or togagements, has dif-
plcar%d the Euglith C,tbinet in a degree the mott un-
:xpeac.l, tinder 1-; ocxt they exceed her en-
gagement, ; vlitreas ti tqu.clert them tinder this
p:iint of vi:w, it l-c I:c.:eil.try to know their
arm:um, which ; tir kiiowng it, to
znmpare it wi:!: rite !::;ncitc,t of furnithin, the
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