Star.
London, England, 1831-06-04 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS

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[From the Massager des Chambray of Thursday.]
PARIS, JUNE I.—Many of the nnreflecting part
if the community foolishly cry out about war Le-
m een Belgium and France, on account of the con-
tents of bird Ponsonby's communication relative to
the limits of Belgium, more especially as that corn-
.nmication promisee the new State the junction of
the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, in spite of the
Ring of Holland's determination to maintain his
,eo'session of that country, which he deems a right-
U. appanage of his family.
It is also required of King William to make
ether sacrifices which may not merely affect his
)win house, but even Holland as a state. Lemberg
is demanded and the Dutch province of Zealand,
called Pays de Cadsand, situated upon the left
bank of the Scheldt. It is asked—is this just?
should those territories form a part of the Austrian
Pays Bas, which are now Belgian ? They did not
form a part of it in 1792, at the commencement
a tiie war of the revolution ; Belgium, as we
now consider it, was united to France after having
been conquered from Austria ; Maestricht and the
left bank were not comprehended in the first union.
It was not until after the war with Holland that
throe territories were united to France, by the
frcaty of the 27th Floreal, in the y, ar 3. Hol-
land can, then, claim them as belonging to her by
‘aerior possession previous to its actual connection
with Belgium.
One of the most enlightened'. Members of the
B. igian CoCongress, M. Nothomb, agreed, in the last
sitting, that the right of Holland to the left hank
of the Scheldt was incontestible ; and that else-
u here, this country not having taken any part in
.he Belgian revolution, nor having sent any Depu-
ties to the Congress, there were no grounds for
claiming it, either by right of ancient possession,
or by political or conventional agreement.
The Belgian State, without Maestricht and the
left bank of the Scheldt, flanks Holland on two
sides. But if these two frontiers are given to
Belgium, they are taken away from Holland ; one
of these States is exposed for the security of the
other ; and Holland, looking to priority of date,
would have more cause to complain of injustice
than Belgium. It appears, then, to be just,
that these territories should be left in the hands
of the most ancient possessor ; and this is simply
what the letter of Lord Ponsonby goes to establish.

The left bank of the Scheldt ttould not other-
wise be sufficient to procure the complete security
of the provinces of Antwerp and Ghent and the
free navigation of that river to the Belgians; they
ould still require Flushing and the Isle of Wal-
cheren, for the very keys of the Scheldt are at
Flushing. It would be then to despoil Holland
for the convenience of the new Belgian State,
which, without Maesiricht and its left bank, would
be, at least, in point of population and defensive
resources, as powerful as Holland.
It was the possession of Luxemburg which af-
fected in a most essential and fundamental man-
ner the limitation of Belgium; this possession
being henceforward guaranteed by authority, it
cannot be seen how the honour of Belgium can
be now interested in making a war for that which
is to be granted ; and it could scarcely be wise in
them to compromise their national existence by
seeking for other territories, by risking the chances
of a war in which justice would not be on their
side, and which would be acting in violation of
treaties now regarded as the law of nations, as
Lord Ponsonby has well said, whose letter breathes
forth the most cordial and sincere sympathy for
the cause of Belgian independence.
The cry of war uttered on this occasion by some
excited individuals, in a hasty moment of self-love,
will soon be calmed, we hope, by an impartial ex-
amination of the question. They will discover that
by the yielding of Luxembourg, the Belgian State
will be definitively constituted ; but if disordered
passions precipitate the country into the hazardous
pursuit of conquest, in opposition to the councils of
France and England, and the genuine interests of
Belgium, we are satisfied that the good sense of the
citizens will resist the ill-advised project, and that
the principle of continued peacein Europe will pre-
vail in Belgium over the clamours of party.
The Augsburgh Gazette gives the following ex-
tract of a letter from Bologna, dated May 19 :
" The Austrian garrison of Ancona are preparing
to retire, in order to admit the troops of the Pope,
and ours also will take its departure as soon as it is
supposed it may be withdrawn with safety. Swit-
rerland objects to the army of the Holy See being
recruited from the Cantons. It is asserted that his
Holiness is endeavouring to induce the Irish to en-
list in his service. Until this be accomplished, the
Austrians are forced to remain, for fear a new com-
motion should break out. The public mind is still
greatly unsettled, and one agitator would easily
create fresh troubles."

Letters from Lucerne state, that on the 17th ult.
M. de Severine, the Russian Minister, delivered
to the President of the Canton Direction, M.
A unhyn, a note in answer to the Swiss declara-
tion of neutrality, which is in the same sense and
fifth it as the answer of Austria. It appears that
both these Cabinets would have preferred that
Switzerland should have suffered her neutrality to
remain dormant, rather than have asserted it.

A circular from the Canton Direction of Swit-
zerland declares that France renounces the Article
of the Convention which stipulates for the mutual
expulsion of criminals between the two States.—
Another circular from the Count de St. Aignan,
French Ambassador to the Swiss Diet, gives no-
tice that all persons passing through France, with
the intention of emigrating to America, must be
furnished with passports, and sufficient pecuniary
means to support them.
The King of Sweden will visit Norway in the
course of the present month. This excursion will
occupy about six weeks.
A letter from Saint Pierre (Martinique), dated
April 15, gives a deplorable account of the stagna-
tion cf commerce in that colony. It says, " Pro
visions are at an enormous price. Although we
have had a supply of two thousond barrels of Ame-
rican flour, yet we shall soon be in want of it again,
unless we receive supplies from France.
The Envoy from the Dey of Tunis to the King
of the French has arrived at Paris. His name is
Sidy Benajet, and he belongs to one of the first fa-
milies in that Regency. Sidy Benajet is Cover-
--General of Gerbi, and is respected in the coun-
-iis integrity. The Dey himself it sin-
ttached to him. He is about fifty years of
of a handsome personal appearance; he
ral sons, who are Governors of different

LONDON.

SATURDAY, JUNE 4.

We learn, this day, that the French squadron,
cruizing off Lisbon Bar, has commenced hostilities
against DON MIGUEL, and already made reprisals
to the extent of three or four Portuguese vessels.
The English Consul, who visited the squadron,
obtained this information, and transmitted it to this
Country. Such a decisive step cannot fail to bring
MIGUEL to a proper sense of his relative duties.
The blockade of the Tagus, if continued, he must
perceive, might occasion a Revolution in Lisbon.

Under the head of our Foreign Intelligence, will
be found an account of partial disturbances in Italy
and Switzerland, extracted from the Allgemeine
Zeitung of the 28th of May, received this day.
The recent arbitrary measures of Austria, it is evi-
dent, have not had the proposed effect; and in the
excited state of the people's minds—particularly in
Italy--it only wants a well organized plan, and
an enterprising leader, to shake off the despotic
yoke of their oppressors. The story of the Pope
being about to take ten thousand Irish into his
pay, will doubtless create a sensation in our sister
isle.

At length the French Ministry have ventured
to dissolve the Chambers; and the people of France
are now more competent than the people of Eng-
land lately were, to return men who represent their
genuine opinions. Public feeling, and the majori-
ties in the late Chambers, have been described as
being at variance, and this will be ascertained
within two months. The French are no strangers
to the example which we have set them; and we
expect them to do their duty, just as we have done.
The artifice of the King's tour among the electors,
being seen through, can have little effect. The
electors may be more loyal by returning honest
men than mere tools of the Government ; for, we
believe, that the fault of Louts Pu ILIP P E is not
want of honesty.

The public are anxious to believe every report
favourable to the Poles, and hence the rapid spread
of reports within the last two days. We have used
all diligence to trace them to some authentic source,
but without success. There are Poles in London ;
but from apathy, or ignorance of our language, they
seldom communicate with our papers. One report
describes a general defeat of Diebitsch, with the
loss of 12,000 killed and wounded, and it men-
tions the number of prisoners approaching Warsaw.
Another describes the destruction of the Guards of
PA it Lux, and states that two regiments were cut

to pieces. But accounts from Warsaw place the
armies thus :—lf London were Warsaw, the home
defence may be considered as at Barnet and St.
Albans; DIEBITSCH may be considered as at
Royston and Baldock ; the Russian Guards at
Stamford; and SK RTZNEci I at Leicester and Up-
pingbam. DIEBITSCH may then have been re-
pulsed with loss at Barnet, or the Guards be routed
at Stamford: but it seems unlikely that SKRTZ-
N ECK! and Di EBITSCII have come into contact,
unless each advanced suddenly against the other.—
Monday will clear up all doubts ; but in the mean-
time,
as good maps of Poland are not in many
hands, we hope we shall be excused for giving the
preceding familiar illustration.

The noble Fleet ordered to assemble at Spit-
head, under the command of Vice-Admiral Sir
EDWARD CODRINOTOTI will, we hear, consist of
sixteen sail, viz.—two three-deckers, six two-deck-
ers, and the remainder frigates and sloops. Their
departure will take place about the 18th of June ;
and it is understood at Portsmouth that they will
not return till October or November. This Fleet
has been said to be prepared for a summer's cruise,
for the exercise of the officers and men, and little
speculation has hitherto been employed upon it. In
truth we have foreborne, because newspaper observa-
tion often marts the retentions of governments. But
las the fleet is now assembled, and quite ready for
sea, we cannot help indulging a belief that it is des-
tined for the Baltic, and is deemed the most per-
suasive kind of negociator for an autocrat of Russia.
We observe, that to join, many of the ships came
up from Plymouth, and we may therefore presume
that the destination of the whole is eastward, and we
earnestly hope, is the Baltic. Government wisely
keep their object secret ; but it cannot well
be supposed, that such an expense would be in-
curred for mere parade; and we have every reason
to know, that our mediation in favour of Poland
was not met in a way which accords with the
power and dignity of the British Government. It
would be the first worthy employment of a British
force since the relief of La Rochelle ; and we are
persuaded that no measure would more delight the
country, while it would render the !Euro and his
Ministers more popular, if possible, than they now
are. Many months since we mentioned the prac-
ticability of occupying Hoogland or Cronstadt,
until the Russian troops shall hare evacuated
Poland ; and, in fact, some naval position like
Hoogland, in the Gulf of Finland, seems to
be as essential to British interests in the
Baltic, as Malta in the Mediterranean. We could
then controul the coasts of the despots who parti-
tioned Poland, and have that weight in the Baltic
which is necessary to assure the balance of power
in the north. The measure will be complete if a
French army were to co-operate through Saxony ;
but we have no confidence in the multiplied equivo-
cations of the present French government. The
Poles seem likely, however, to render any inter-
ference, of secondary importance, except with a view
to put an end to the effusion of blood ; and an at-
tempt of ours to establish a naval station in the
Gulf of Finland, would be far more annoying to the
court of Russia, than any concession we might de-
mand in regard to Poland.

We this day present an account of the trials at
Limerick, and the whole appears to be a mountain
in labour. Not one of the witnesses suggests
why the people dug up the land ; and yet this is
the first question which all the world will ask —for
on the answer will depend the turpitude of the act
before Goa and man. One of the police took it
on himself to say, that digging land injures it, as
though the fellow had never seen a gardener dig-
ging. What the legal penalty under some CAs-
TLEaEAOtt Act is, we know not; but in ell other
jurisprudence it would be deemed a trespass, sub-
ject to special damages. The tumult is another
question—but we again ask the cause ? In the
history of man, did we ever hear of a tumult with-
out a cause ? Why is the cause kept back, for
this cause is exactly what all the world want to
know—since upon its sufficiency depends the de-
gree of turpitude, for we admit there is turpitude
in wilful trespass, and in disposing of a man's land
in a different way to that which he prefers. But
may there not also be turpitude in his wilful pre-
ference ? What if the people are starving, and he
will not allow it to be cultivated? What if the
country want from an acre fifty pounds of potatoes
per day, and he chooses to grow but half a pound
of mutton or beef per day? It is true, the people
are not justified, in law, in making the changes ;
but in GOD'S name— in the name of truth and jus-
tice—ought not the law itself correct such evils ?
In spite of all the trials on these subjects, and all
the flowery orations in and oat of Parliament, we
never heard or saw the cause of Irish discontent
and tumult stated, till we lately read the short
letter of Mr. LAWLESS, and he explains it rather
by accident than by design ! It appears. in truth,
that the potatoe spots of the people are engrossed
by large farmers, and laid down in grass, for
feeding cattle instead of men ; and then, when
this is done, human nature re-digs the said land, or
an equivalent. What, then, do we want of cri-
minal commissions, or hanging, or transporting,
to set such wrongs right? Yet, has any Irish
Member ever sought the plain remedy—has any
one even ever stated the wrong, and the necessity
for a remedy ? We learn by these trials, too,
another feature of Irish law—that a man may be
in danger of being hanged for words exciting to
such a tumultuous trespass. Let us hope, how-

ever, that this will not be the case under our pre-
fent LIERRAL ADMINISTRATION.

We have thought it our duty to insert in this
day's Paper, an extract of a letter addressed to the
Editor of the Times, with that Gentleman's re-
marks, on the recent flagitious affair of seduction
near Dundalk, in Ireland, a detail of which we
gave some days ago. We cordially join in the
opinion expressed in the extract to which we
allude, that such a character as the seducer in
this instance, cannot be considered a credit to any
Army ; and in calling upon those who have the
authority, to strip such an individual of any claim
to a profession, to which the possession of generous
sentiments has generally been deemed essential,
we do but give words to the emotions of every
human being who has perused the disgusting
narrative. These are times when the aristocracy
should be scrupulously pure ; and we feel confident,
the general sentiments of a class of society, so in-
fluontial,will assist in giving efficacy to these views.

ROYAL riCIIANGE, ONE O'CLOCK.
Consols, which left off yesterday at 84i,
opened at 841, went up to 841, and at present
they are 843.
TWO O'CLOCK.

The fluctuation in Consols during the morning
has been from 841 to 841 for the Account. At
present they are 841 f.
In the Foreign market little or nothing doing.
The French three per cents. are brought, by a pri-
vate express, at 67 fa. 30 cents.
THREE O'CLOCK.

STOCK Excnswoz.—Bank Stock, 10.11. Three per
Cent. [led. E. 3 11. Three trr Ct. Cun.cols, shut. Three
and a Half pet (t. ISIS, 911. Three and a Half per Cr.
Ited. 911. Three and a Half per Cent. New, shut.
Four per Cent. ince, shut. Long Annuities, Jan. 1860
17 1.16. India Stock, shut. India &eds. 5 3 pr.-m.
11000 Exchequer Hills, 16;18; £5OO ditto, 17 1816; £lOO
and £2OO ditto, 17 19 17. Cm... foe Account, 8411 11.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
RECEIVED THIS DAY.
BOLOOItA, MAT 19.—Letters from Ancona say, that the
garrison of that place is preparing to leave it. Papal troops
will take its place. The Austrian garrison of our city is
ikewise to leavens as soon as it can be done, without giving
room to apprehend bad consequences. Switserland has re-
fused to allow recruiting for the Papal service, in the Can.
tons, and some persons pretend that his Holiness intends to
take 10,000 Irish into his pay I But till he does this, the
German troops must remain, if the fermentation is not to
break out again. People's minds ate still much excited;
and it would be easy for some hot-headed, inconsiderate
persons, to inflame them anew. It might be thought
in some foreign countries, that the Italian, after
the lesson which he has received, would become more
prudent ; but those who have the opportunity of having been
on the spot, are astonished at his credulity, at his simplicity,
ad childish conduct, in the most serious things; at the
Modem by which he suffers himself to be led away—in a
lux* at the inexperience of this veteran of civilization. Last
week a political petit maitre at Massa Lombards (a little
town near Lugo) all at once took it into his head to display
the M. coloured cockade again. The garrison, consisting of
seven carabirwers, happened to be absent. It was therefore
easy for him to harangue in a coffee-house; to find hearers
and partisans; and in the twinkling of an eye the revolu.
don was effected. The gates were closed, and the
greatest enthusiasm prevailed, as if there were no-
thing to apprehend. In the evening, the town was illumi-
nated; and the seven carabineets appeared outside of the
walls, like seven evil genii. However, as they could not
get into the town, they withdrew; but returned next morn-
ing with a company of Germans, who soon put an end to
the farce, and established the authority of the Pope, among
these thoughtless children.
SCIATYNAUSZX, SO.—The foolish and Inconel.
dente attempt of the possums against the city, has not only
failed in its object, but it may be reasonably assumed, that
all the points that might afford 'ground for just complaints,
will be settled by the Commissioners of the Diet. They have
already collected all the requisite information, as
well in the city as in those pelts of the country where
the greatest agitation has prevailed; and with respect to
the latter, have obtained the most satisfactory assurances,
from the magistrates, to whom those scenes are said to
have been very disagreeable, and who now, as usual on
such occasions, not only ask indulgence for the in&
viduals who were compelled, by violence to take part in
their proceedings, but also require the punishment of the
guilty : they, however, repeat, the request, that, in ibe
new Constitution, due regard may be had to the equitable
determination of the share of the city in the represents.
don. The Commissioners of the Diet have issued a my
sensible proclamation to the country people ; and the
generally entertained opinion now is, that no invent.
gation or punishment shall take place, on account
of the disturbances, that have taken place, and that without
any declaration of amnesty, every thing shall be bulled in
oblivion.—The city of tichaffhaysen will lay down its amts,
as soon as it is secure against similar attacks; and it will
undertake no military expeditions into the country, which
naturally keep animosities alive ; and it is to be expected
that the country people will lay aside for the future all such
riotous proceedings against the city.
Whether the Council of the Constitution may not admit
some prudent modifications into the proposed Constitution,
or will insist on its being either accepted or rejected. is
another question which remains to be dreided.—.4ll9maslse
&Mass, Nay 28.
From the Messager des Chelan%
PARIS, Jena 1.
Many of the unrefiteting part of the community foolishly
cry out about war between Belgium and France, on account
of the contents of Lord Ponseoby's communication relative
to the limits of Belgium, MOW especially as that communi-
cation promises the new state the junction of the Grand
Duchy of Luxemburg, in spite of the King of Holland's de.
termination to maintain possession of that country, which he
deems a rightful appanage of his family.
It is also required of King William to make other sacrifices
which may not merely affect his own house, but even Ho!.
land sea state. Limburg is demanded, and the Dutch pro.
vim of Zealand, called Pays de Cadsend, situated upon
' the left bank of the Scheldt. It is asked is this just
should those territories form a part of the Austrian Pays Bas
which are now Belgian P They did not form a pert of it in
1792, at the commencement of the war of the Revolution ;
Peigium, as we tow consider it, was united to France, at.
ter having been conquered from Austria; Mustridst sad
the left bank minuet comprehended in the ant union.
' It was not until after the war with Holland that tissue
territories were united to France, by the treaty of the 27th
Noma, in the year S. Holland can then claim them as be-
' longing to her by anterior possession, previous to its Weal
1 connexion with Belgium.
One of the most enlightened Members of the Belgian
Congress, AL Nathan* agreed, in the last sitthsg, that the

right of Balboa to the left bank of the Scheldt was him.
cestiale ; and that elsewhere, this country, not hating taken
any part in the Belgian revolution, nor having sent any de.
path to the cougrees, there were no grounds for claiming
it, either by right of ancient possession, or by political or
conventional agreement

, The Belgian State, without Maestricht and the kft bank
of the Scheidt, flanks Holland on two sides. But if these
two frontless are given to Belgium, they are taken away
from Holland; one of these states is exposed for the secu-
rity of the other; and Holland, looking to priority of date,
would have more cause to complain of injustice than Bel.
I glum. It appears, then, to be just, that these territories
should be left in the hands of the most ancient possessor ;
and this is simply what the letter of Lord Ponsonby goes to
establish.

The left bank of the Scheldt would not otherwise be suf.
&Lent to ptecure the complete security of the plainer* of
Antwerp and Ghent, and the free navigation of that rivet to
the Belgians; they would still require Flushing and the Isle
of Welchem, for the very keys of the Scheldt ars at Flush.
ing. It would be then to despoil Holland for the eonve,
nience of the new Belgian State, which, without Slaesuidtt
and its left bank, would be at least, in point of population
and defensive resources, u powerful akliolland.

It was the possession of Luxemburg which affected in a
most essential sad fundamental manta the limitation of
Belgium ; this possession being henceforward guaranteed by
authority, it cannot be seen how the honour of ILleium eau
be now interested in making a war for that wh:c% is to be
granted; and it could scarcely be wise in them to compro.
Wu their national existence by seeking fur other territories.
by risking the chances of a war in which justice would rot
be on their side, and which would be acting in violation of
treaties now regarded u the law of nations, u Lord Pon,
sonby has well said, whose letter breathes forth the most cos.
dial and sincere sympathy for the cause of Belgiafl inde-
pendence.

The cry of war uttered on this occasion by some exalted
individuals, in a hasty moment of self love, will soon be
calmed, we hope, by an impartial examination of the
question. They will discover that by the yielding of
Luxemburg, the Belgian State will be definitively constitut.
ed; but if disordered passions precipitate the country Into
the hazardous pursuit of conquest, in opposition to the
councils of France and Englatd, and the genuine late:wets of
Belgium, we are satisfied that the rod sense of citizens will
resist the Ill.advlsed project ; and that the principle of con.
tinned peace in Europe will prevail in Belgium over the
clamours of party.

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