Star.
London, England, 1823-06-24 00:00:00

BAYONNE, JUNE IS.

The desertion in the Army of the Faith before
Pampeluna has not been so considerable as it was
stated to be at first ; it is confined to the positive re-
fusal to acknowledge General Espagne and to the
desertion of 150 men who have returned to their
houses. • The Navarrese begin to be tired of military
service, and are deaf to the call of the leaders of the
Faith. Colonel Campillo, with 1800' men, entered
Santander on the 10th, and Bilboa was threatened
by the Constitutional troops, who have occupied Or-
duna for some days and cut off the communications
of the French ; it is believed that the blockade of San-
tona must be raised for the second time.

There has lately been some parleying, between the
French and tke Governors of Pampeluna and St. Se-
lyisti an ; they have not led to any result, and the gar-
rkons of both places continue to fire at everything
that approaches the walls ; the sieges are continued,
but v:ilhout vigour. Some Constitutional guerillas
have appeared in the three Biscayan Provinces, and
in Navarre; but they have not been well received by
the inhabitants, who are in general devoted to the
cause of the King and the French ; and besides, these
armed troops are confounded with other little bands
of bandiar, who act for themselves, and plunder
everybody that comes in their way. The formation
of National Guards has been ordered, but nobody
appears to enrol himself; the season is not favourable
to the increase of these bands, the peasants being pre-
paring for the harvest ; but if the war should be pro-
tracted till the winter, these countries will be infested
by them.

Carolina, TruxiLo, &c. we must suppose that these
hopes are not ill founded. The Andalusians too are
less persevering and warlike, though greater boasters
than the other• inhabitants of the Peninsula.
There are many reports at Madrid of an approach-
ing arrangement, but even if the Cortes should agree
to such a one, it would remain to be seen whether
Mina, 11.illasteros, Villacampa, and Morillo, Sub-
scribed to it, for it must. be confessed that there are
'elements,sufficient to continue the war, and that the
French will want in that case an addition of 50,000
men and large sums of money. •
The moderate party is becoming more numerous
at Madrid and in the provinces, and a general con-
viction prevails (except among the Communeros) that
an honourable arrangement would be preferable to
the continuation of a disastrous and interminable
war : but they are adverse to recognizing and treat-
ing with the Regency and its partisans, who are the
very same men that have misled the King and
brought ruin on the country.
Several persons have been arrested at Madrid, or
exiled from it. The police is very strict and sum-
mary: the same system is followed in the towns and
provinces governed by the party of the Faith.
On the 6th, at Saragossa, nine Ladies, accused of
Liberalism, were arrested; among them is the Mar-
chioness de la Rost.

This morning we.receiveJ a file of the Diario do
Governo of Rio Janeiro, to the 27th of Mat ch. The
only article of interest they contain is the apcsoint-
ment of Lord COCH RA N E to the post of First Admiral
of the National Brazilian Navy. The Papers are
principally filled with Addresses from several towns,
expressive of their unbounded attachment to ltis Ma-
jesty the EMPEROR.—The following are extracts:

RIO DE JANEIRO, MAUCH 21.

Lord Cochrane took possession to-day, at five
o'clock in the afternoon, of the post of First Admiral
of the National Brazilian• Navy. He hoisted his Ad-
miral's flag, for the present, on board the Pedro I.
The flag was immediately saluted by the whole squa-
dron with a discharge of twenty-one guns, and the
acclamations of the spectators.
The squadron is preparing to put to sea vOth all
possible expedition, so that it will now remain but a
very few days in this port ; but it is not known at
present what is its teal destination.
The subscription to a fund for improving the Bra-
zilian navy proceeds rapidly. His Majesty the Em-
peror has subscribed 250 monthly shares, and or-
dered the payment-of three years to be made in ad-
vance, to the amount of 7,200 milreas.

The situation of Ireland is almost the only question
of internal policy on which parties in PArliament
are riot agreed, though all unite in considering it as
one of extreme difficulty and delicacy. That crime
and misery prevail to a considerable extent in this
unhappy country, is too true; but it is not so evident
to what cause they are to be attributed, or bow thew
are to be removed ; while one part of the population
arrays itself against the other, with an inveteracy
which is scarcely exceeded by that of the Turks and
the G:eeks.

The country on the great road to Madrid, by way
of Vittoria and Burgos, and the Somo Sierra, is pretty
tranquil: the army, it is true, has just passed through
it : the left, that is, La Rioja and La Sorio, is less
so, and these provinces will not obey the decrees of
the Regency, but favour the Constitutionalists, who
traverse that part of the country, notwithstanding
the influence of the Clergy. On the right, the pro.
vinces of Palencia and Valladolid do not offer a satis-
factory appearance, on account of the guerillas, the
movements in Gallicia, and the presence of the Em-
pecinado at Toro. Though the French have a great
party, especially at Valladolid, the inhabitants do
not dare to declare openly in their favour.
The French still occupy Benevente and Riosca,l
and the Constitutionalists, Astorga, the fortifications
of which were partly demolished by the inhabitants
after the last war, but are now almost wholly re-
paired. Morillo's attempt to drasw Bourcke into the
defiles of Villafranca has failed.
The Empecinado has 2,000 foot and 300 horse;
his plan is to attack Valladolid, and his point d'appui
is Zamora, whence he communicates with the Portu-
guese, who occupy Miranda with 6,000 men. %Wilk-
men are employed in fortifying Ciudad Rodrigo,
and a division of 5,000 men is organizing at Zamora.
The districts of Segovia and Avila being so near
the capital are pretty ti anquil, though alarmed by the
Guerillas left by the Empecinado, which increase in
numbers. At Madrid, Guerillas of the Faith are or-
ganising, but they can .lot procure horses-,the Con•

In every Session of Parliament the affairs of Ire-
land occupy a large portion of the time and atten-
tion• of the Legislature, and, although some Honour-
able Members affect to attribute the evils with which
the country is afflicted to misgovernment, yet, not
one has suggested a system that affords the slightest.'
guarantee of producing more favourable results.
If it has been found necessary to resort to severe
legislative Measures, they have been tempered with
mercy in their administration, ancf rescinded when the
causes which rendered them necessary had ceased to
exist. When the Insurrection Act was passed, the
whole country was not put under its ban; it was only
applied to counties wheze outrage so prevailed as to
demand the severest measures, and then only on the
call of the Magistracy of the county, while returning
tranquillity was followed by its being immediately
relieved from its operation.
Nor has the Government been Jess attentive to re-
lieving the miseries than repressing the climes of
Ireland; but it is impossible at once to change the
character of a whole population, or to convert mil-
lions of people from a state of clime, poverty, and
indolence, into peaceful and industrious citizcus—to
II change lazy peasants into hard-working mechanics,
or Irish cabins into IEIIO .li cottages..cottages..Much may be
(done
in extending the.benefits of education among a
population sunk in ignorance, and every encourage.

stitutionalists haviner., -taken them all away. The ment isightekto the &NW= rif knowledge among
movements of Anna—the formidable attitude of them; but this is a work of slaw operation, and not
Barcelona,' which has 12,000 men under arms—the immediate in its effects—it is sowing the seed, the
statements of various circumstances, some, perhaps, fruits of which can only be reaped in due season.
true, and others exagp,erated, keep up a degree of agi- But the most serious difficulty in regard to Ireland
tation in people's minds, and give rise to reports, is not with the peasantry at present; it is with those
which appear to have but little probability, when we individuals of the two parties of Orangemen and Ca-
see, whatever may be said, that Generals Bourmont tholics, who by their rank and situation in life have
and Bourdesoult continue their rapid march to an influence on and give a tone to the conduct of the
Seville, where they will arrive on the 20th or 221 rest of the population. As is the case in all extremes,
—ln truth, it seems that those troops are certain, both parties are in the wrong, and when we see that
when they reach the capital of Andalusia and the even the entreaties of the SOVEREIGN were disregarded,
Pillars of Hercules, of meeting with a powerful sup- there is little hopes of *reconciling them at present.
port in the Royalist party, and that whatever may Indeed both parties act as if they wished rather to
happen they will be secure from danger, by the want embarrass the Government than to assist it, deter-
of Spanish forces and the facility with which alley mined rather to plunge their country into one general
may at all events effect their retreat, favoured by the insurrection than concede—no, for concession is not
reserve at Madrid. To judge by the reception which, necessary, but rather than cease to goad each other.
the French have met with at Toledo, Ciudad Real, Nothing, we think, cap be more ill-a,:vised than

the recent proceedings of the Catholic As.ociation in
Dublin, which has voted an Address to the LORD
LIEUTENANT, calling upon him to prevent .‘ the
annual Chats Processions, which rake place in
various parts of the country on the 12th of July."
At any time an interference on the past of the LORD
LIEUTENANT would be a very hazardous experi-
ment; but in the present state of party feeling in Ire-
land, it would be productive of consequences which
it would be fearful to contemplate. " Here," as a
Morning Contemporary well observes, " Here is Lord
WELLEsnny, labouring indefatigably for these Catho-
lics, outraged by their enemiez, exposed to censure, to
distress, and mortiflcatiOn—nay, to open ridicule—for
the cake of the3e
.Cathclics, and purely in conse-
quence of the attempts which .he has made to put
down the demonstrations of the Dublin Orangemen;
and yet they (the Roman Catholics) are not con-
tent with the sufferings in which they have already
involved his Excellency and Mr. PLUNKETT, but
must now drive them into afresh attack upon an ad-
versary flushed with conquest and reunited in num•
bers ; while the party thus to be ',fished on and de-
voted, are broken in spirit."