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SANTIAGO, SEPTEMBER 291
LZITZIL FllO2l THZ DIPUTT dr HIS 21011 t FAITHFUL KASEHIT •
WITH TIM COTZONNITT OF WINOS AYRES TO Tilk ZSVOT
TRW CHILI WITH THE SAYS GIOTTE/altnt
+. His Most Faithful Majesty, my Sovereign, at
the time of his return to Europe, thought fit to re-
cognize the fact of the independence of the Provinces
of the Rio de la Plata, which are in obedience to
their respective•GovernMents, and to enter into those
intimate relations of friendship which he had long
wished to maintain with the people of the territories
adjoining to his kingdom of the Brazils; and it was
only a fatal concurrence of circumstances, equally
experienced in the interior of both countries, or in.;
deed rather the vacillating policy of the States of
Europe, which could have prevented his Majesty
from manifesting before the ptesent epoch the whole
eitcnt of his liberal views.
" His Most Faithful Majesty, well persuaded of
the legitimacy of a Government, the existence of
which is proved by the fact of the obedience of the
people, only waited for a conjuncture in which the
union of all wills might be demonstrated; in order to
treat with the respective Governments on the firm
basis of sound policy, on the immutable relation of
reciprocal interests, the ties of commerce, alliance;
and friendship, calculated to secure the perpetual
enjoyment of that peace which is always the most
desirable object of the people of all nations.
" In pursuance of these principles, his Majesty
has been pleased to appoint me his agent to the G 0..:
vernment of your State, authorising me, as he has
authorised me by credentials, to aid and promote all
the interests of commerce and the Crown.
" In the instructions given me by the Minister
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, I am autho-
rised to treat with the Envoys and Agents of ill the
neighbouring Provinces and States, resident here in
a public character, to whom I am ordered to declare
in a positive manner, that these liberal dispositions of
his Majesty extend to their respective Governments;
II And as in the said instructions official consider-
ation is expressed for the Government of the State of
Chili, I can no longer deny myself the satisfaction of
,communicating to your Excellency, as the Minister
of that Supreme Government in these provinces, the
generous sentiments of the Sovereign, in order that, in
reporting them to your Government, you may at the
same time declare that the subjects of the State of
Chili shall be treated in the States of his Majesty
with all the consideration enjoyed by the subjects of
other Governments ; and also that from henceforth the
agents, whether mercantile or diplomatic, of that Go-
vernment, shall be received and treated at the Court
of his Majesty with all the honours, consideration,
and credit, which, according to the general laws of
nations, are granted to similar Ministers or agents of
other supreme Governments. I have, however, to
inform your Excellency, that diplomatic agents only
must be accredited to the Court of Lisbon, but that
Consuls and Vice-Consuls will be admitted into the
ports of the Brazil by permission of his Royal High-
ness the Prince Regent, while he continues to execute
the Royal authority.
" I am happy to have the honour of being the me-
dium through which the generous sentiments of my
Court are declared, and in having an opportunity
which affords me the pleasure of assuring your Ex-
cellency of my high esteem and consideration. GOD
preierve your Excellency many years.
" JUAN MANUEL DE FIGUEIREDO.
" Buenos Ayres. August 11, 1821.
" To his Excellency Don Zanartu."
1321.
prielilibt 11;
MINISTRY OF WAIL
" St xon—The Spanish army which evacuated
this capital on the 6th of July, after experiencing a
considerable diminution of physical and moral force,
having proceeded to the province cif Jauja, and formed
a junction with the division of Bri:!adier Canterac,
put itself again in motion under the command of that
Officer on the 22d of last month, and directed its
match towards this capital. General Laserna was.
left in Jauja, with a squadron of Cavalry, and the
hospitals and stores of the army.
On the 3,1 inst. Brigadier Canterac advanced by
the gap. of Sicicaya, with his army, consisting, ac-
cording to reports, of rive battalions, and 700 horse,
" The Protector of Pero having adopted, in anti-
cipation, means for securing the best result to the
warlike operations, as soon as the enemy approached
ordered the General in Chief, Camp Marshal Don
Juan de Gregorio de las ileras, to march out with
his troops and observe the movements of the Spanish
force. On the following day, his Excellency proceeded
to the army, and placed himself at its bead.
" As soon as the enemy had issued from the gap
of Sicicaya, he took a position in the Hacienda de la
Molina, at the distance cf two leagues from the city,
and one from our army in Mendoza. Since then,
until the day before yesterday, both armies ma.
•eceuvred in different positions, and the enemy mani-
fested no inclination to fight, but, on the contrary,
avoided any encounter. This was a consequence as
well of the inferiority of his force, as of its being his
plan to put himself in communication with Callao,
which he accomplished yesterday, at fctir in the
evening, by a forced march from Sat Borji. His
Excellency directed that a squadron of Cavalry, and •
eight companies of. Cazadores, under the'command
lot Don Rudecindo Albardo, should pursee the rear-
guard, which was done, but without effect, in conse.
i,tience of the celerity of the enemy's march.
The enemy is now in Baquijano, and the Li-
berating Army is encamped near the Lego;
watching his movements. The quantity. of 1)1014.
sions necessary for subsisting the enemy s army, as
well as the garrisoh of Callao, is very considerable,
and we know by correct reports that the supply in
the fortress is not sufficient for the remainder of this
mouth. The enemy must, therefore, soon encounter
! our brave troops ; tor, be,ides this difficulty, it
cvalry in the
ibc impossible to find forage for

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LONDON.

tracted position he now occupies. Thus it appears,l
that whatever may hate been the enemy's plan in
advancing MI Callao,* he cannot remain there many;
days, unless he can conquer the barrier which the
superiority of our troops, in enthusiasm, numbers,
and 'courage, presents.
Our naval force blockades the works of the for-
tune, and prevents any assistance reaching it, or any
external communication with it. The progress made
by the division under the command of Colonel
Miller is also of great importance. It must now be
in possession of Huamanga.
General Laserna remains in Jauja. The efforts
which he may make with the small force under his
command can produce no effect, as a considerable
number of Guerillas watch his movements.
" This is the present state of the campaign, and it
is sufficient to give your Excellency a just idea of
what may be hoped, if at the same time you take
into consideration the heroic enthusiasm which,
without exception 'of sex or of age, has been dis-
played in this capital in Pavour of the cause of the
Continent.
" I have the honour to communicate this to your
Excellency, in order that the Supreme Director of
your State, to whom the success of our arms is in a
great measure due, may participate in the satisfac-
tion created by the great hopes now about to be ful-
filled, trusting thus in the destiny of the friendly States
of America.
41 Accept the sentiments of my distinguished con-
sideration, Etc.
" BERNARDO MONTEAGUDO.
" To Col. Don Jose Ignacio Zenteno, Minister of War."

1110 EVENING STAR.

THURSDAY, JANUARY 24, 1822.
STOCK EXCHANGE—ONE O'CLOCK:
The Fnnds are declining. Consols, which bad yes-
terday reached 765/9, have again fallen to 76.
Powers from the country increase: the Post, this
morning, has brought additional orders for sale. The
opinion that a reduction of interest, or that a heavy tax
on funded property will be resorted to isgaining ground.
The Bala appear very uneasy, being larger holders
of Money Consols at this time than at any former
period, and the late pouring in of Money Stock has
defeated their expectation of a rise, which they had
hoped to produce by a monopoly of Consols.
Bank Stock 2371/1 $4—S per Ct. Red. 76A Vs 54
3 per Cent. Cens. 75 %76
81/2 per Cent. 87 IA 14-4 per Cent. 96 1/2
5 per Cent. Navy 1073/4 %
Bank Long Annuities 19 7-16
India Stock 254 % —lndia Bonds 81s.
Exchequer 1;.:. of El,OOO, ss. 4s.
Ditto small 3s. 6s. pr.
Cons. fur Account 761/2 761/2.

In those revolutions by which " Kingdoms rise
and fall, flourish and decay," it is often curious to ob-
serve what different aspects Nations and Governments
assume at different periods : how some of the most
polished nations, by the vices of their rulers, retro-
grade in all that can render them great and glorious ;
and how others, apparently sunk in the lowest de-
gree of aha,ement and degradation, advance with ra-
pid strides to political freedom. Europe presents a
singular instance of this at the present moment.
France, which twenty years ago seemed destined
to regenerate the world, is now engaged in a heart-
less struggle between growing despotism and public
feeling, rendered almost torpid. Every ye it is
'Narked by some retrocession towards the ancien re-
gime, and the abuses by which it was overturned.—
The prospect of France possessing an Elective Le-
gislative Assembly and Independent Court of Judi-
cature, and a Press with some degree of freedom,
which the French Charter guaranteed, is now very
distant. The Legislature is little more than a nullity,
merely adopting laws presented by the KING, or the
Minister; the Press, already chained and fettered,
seems doomed to a total annihilation ; and the Trial
by Jury, one of the greatest barriers against tyranny
that political ss isdom can raise, is to be superseded
by an arbitrary Court, appointed and paid by the
KING.

While France is thus exhibiting such a melancholy
picture of political abasement, Portugal, which so
recently was a thorough despotism, completely at
the will of the KING and under the rod of the Priest-
hood, is making a steady progress towards political
freedom. We yesterday stated the important fact,
that the Cortes had decided unanimously to have
trial by Jury in all criminal cases; and, by a large
majority, they also determined that civil cases should
possess the benefit of such an Institution. What a
contrast do the Cones of Lisbon and the Chamber
of Deputies present to each other in this respect.
This, however, is only one of the liberal acts of the
Portuguese Government.
It will be seen, from a South American document
in another part of our Paper, that Portugal, one of
the first nations that obtained possessions in the new
world, and which has still as deep an interest in it as
any European Power, has been the first to acknow-
ledge the independence of Chili. This declaration
on the part of Portugal is in the form of a letter from
the Portuguese Deputy, at Buenos Ayres, to the Chi-
same place; but is so explicit as to
its proceeding from the authority
Sul Majesty. The principle of this
down by the King of PORTUGAL,
:e of a people is a proof of the legi-
iment. This is admitted to be the situ-
lis Majesty expresses his willingness
the other States of South America.

, •

ENt
—We trust that this example of enlightened policy
will not only be adopted br Spoilt towards her Colo-
nies, but that it will not be lost on this country,
where a conisteriia 'treaty with the New World would
produce the most beneficial results.
The policy of the Portuguese Government, thus
liberal on a large scale, is not inattentive to the in-
terests of the people at home. It is well known, that
previous to the Revolution in Portugal, the fisher-
men were liable to a most burdensome exaction.—
After exposing themes to all the dangers to which
such a life is necessarily subject, they no sooner landed
their cargo, than a number of servants from Convents
of Friars, some privileged Corporations, &c. flocked
round them and demanded their share, and frequently
one-half of the fish was carried away in this manner,
without the fishermen being allowed even to expostu-
late. This abuse has long been a subject of complaint,
and it caused the comparatively high price at which
fish has always been sold in Portugal. The Cortes
have now, however, decreed, that all fish caught on
the shores of Portugal shall only pay local duties to the
amount of eight per cent. and they have exempted the
fishermen from all other demands whatever. The sat:-
dinias, however, a ,species of large sprats, on which,
lowing to their great abundance, the common people
chiefly subsist, had been freed from all duties, and the
fishermen exempted from being pressed as soldiers, &c.
The importation of all foreign salted or fresh fish,
had also been prohibited, except cod-fiA), which, by
the treaty with Great Britain, made in 1810, could
not be prohibited. On this article, however, an ad-
ditional transit duty of ten per cent. had been im-
posed on all quantities passing into the interior or
the country.

We yesterday stated that some officers had been
dismissed from the Victualling-office, in consequence
of having taken up victualling bills, which had been
prohibited to the people in the Office, because it was
thought to interfere with their employment, or might
too much engage their attention. We have since
learnt that the Gentlemen thus offending, and who
have been dismissed the service in consequence, are
the Chairman, Mr. Gostruct the Secretary, Mr.
JOHN GOSLING the Chief Clerk, and Mr. Hon.r the
Accountant.

Mr. CLIFTON, of the Admiraky, is appointed Se-
cretary at the Victualling-office, and took his seat as
such yesterday.

The abuses in the Victualling Office have bean
discovered by a Commission which has been sitting
for some time, consisting of two Lords of the Ad-
miralty, assisted by the Secretary and Solicitor ;
who, in pursuance of their determination to search
into and detect abuse wherever it is likely to exist,
intend to investigate the expenditure of that branch
of the Victualling-office which is at Deptford.

A Spanish Mail, bringing Madrid Papers to the
1 filth instant, reached us this morning. They con-
firm the accounts previously received, of the resigna-
tion of the Spanish Ministers. Their successors have
not yet been appointed. The following are extracts:

ir .
I the Yortuguese Dec
f Ban Envoy at the s:
4 leave no doubt of i
1 of his Most Faithfu
; , recognition, as laid
)' is that the obedience
timacy of a Governn
ation of Chili, and hi
r 1 to adopt it towards t
i