Star.
London, England, 1807-02-24 00:00:00

COMPENSATV•N TO INDIVIDUALS.

Mr. MANNING raid he had, on a h:rmer occ. Pion, given notice,
that in the event of the Houk agreeing to the Pill for the All, Ii
Lion of the Slave Trade, it was Ida {moth n to fuhodt to the
a motion to grant Compenfation to cereal', individuals who would
be thereby injured in their property. He thought this the molt
proper time. to make fuch motion, and wilbed therefore then to
ark his Msj. fly's Miniiters, whether they were prepared to give
Ins Majelty's eltdent to fuch Compenfation ? lie believed his
views cm the fuerjedt were not fn extel.five as Nliniftt rs might have
bad rearms to eapeet, from what had been EMI by other perfons.
He fpokei,. h half of a large Oafs of men, who had always proved
tltemitives !nyal fubjedls, and faithfully attached to the caul.; of
their King au.' Country; and the amount of the compentation that
was look( d for would he exceedingly finale, in coloparifou to the
claims of other perfons who ight env c forward tor a fimil ,r pur-
pate. The ("Ales he alluded to were, firll, perfons who had fettled
lands. and flocked them w.th nrgrors, under grants from the
Crown ; and the fccor.d clafQ, thole who had purchafed Innis in the
Welt India laands on the faith of l'arlisnirtu, itnnirdistily pre-
ceding the firlt agitation of this queltion, which he believed was
in the year a 783. Many perfons had done to in St. Vincent's and
other Molds. lie would not, therefore, take up m.,re of the time
of the Houle at prefent, but ccertent himfelf with alking whether
Mini titers were prepared to give fuels eot.P.t.t?
I.ord HOVeICK Paid. he was mt author ifed to give content in
any Inch apilic.tion, and it would he uonceiii..ry bur huts to lay
more at preEnt ; but the vny candid manner in which the Hon.
Gentleman had brought for ward the fubject induced him to fay
further,that be thought this was not the proper lage for ar.hating
the quiftion. It was not regular. nor had it been tire practice of
P.aliAment. to entertain arty fuch fohject as that of compel:fa; ions,
belotc a Elf had paired to cited the ant:4lre .tgainit which fuch
compctif,tions were prayed. He thought therefore, the Hort.
GentLman would do well to drop the matter at prefent.
AB ,LITION OF THE SLAVE TRADE.

Lfrd HOWICK moved the order of the day, on
tie adjourned debate, for the Kittle to go into a
Committee on the Bill for Abolifning the Slave
Trade. His Lordfhip laid, that he believed it was
now almoft generally aliuwed that the tialEc was
fraught with cruelty and injuitice ; and that the re-
fults from it in Africa, were the moll frightful ntife-
Ties to the unhappy natives ut that country. It had
long been a fource of encouragement to kidnapping
and robbery, and had created incentives to the molt
barbarous murders; and, in every fence in which it
c.oild be viewed, it was a actin and a difvra.ce to ci-
vilized nations to continue it. Flom this pact ut the
argument tie was, therefore, in a great me:dote to
lieved : there was, however, one part of the qtiettion
which deferved lonic obfervation, name:y, that of
carrying naves to the Weft Indies ; and it gave him
great fatisfatilion to think, that the Houk had, on
the prefent occaluiti, heard nothing from the Learned
Connie' at the Bar, of the luxuries of the Middle
Palfage. Thefe topics ha.l now vaniThed; and he
believed there was not a wan in the Houle, svho did
Lot allow that the Middle range had been fraught
the moll dreadful rsiiiichiels. There had, he
believed, been one or two individuals, who had dif-
fered from him on this fubjed ; one of whom had
even faid, he was in well convinced of the propriety
and policy of the Slave Trade, that he viewed it as
a bleffing to the Africans ; and if there way no filch
traffic, he would himfell propole to eflablifh it. In
another ?lace it had been laid, that it was julliiied by
Scripture ; but he was of opinion, that it was con-
trary to every principle of humanity, and every fen- ,
• • • '

timent of the Chriftian religion. It coold, there-
fore, only be fairly faid, that it exited in policy and
julliste, and not in humanity. In policy, becaufe it
had become. as "very confiderable branch in our fyfa
tam of camtherce ; and in juftice, as it In deeply
concerned the interetts of our merchants. In regard
to.jultice, we might to take into confidcration what
was dire to Africa, as well as to the merchants of
Great Britain and the Well Indies. In this view the
Houle ought to take it on the broad ground of com-
parative and relative jullice. With telareft to the
merchants, they had nnquettionably a claim to Jul.
lice, and that we could accord to them within our-
(elves without longer doing injury to our moral cha-
rafter, and without being guilty of the groffelt in-
juftice to others. If it had been (hewn, as, in his
mind, it had moll clearly, that this trade could not
be carried on without direally encouraging robbery
and murder, he thought it was not jullifiable either
fur individuals or nations to perlit in fuch a ctuel
and nefarious traffic. Feeling confident that it WAS
contrary to the principles of juftice and humanity,
he Should contend forahe abolition, as molt neceffary
for the honour of Parliament and of the country.—
It had, however, now become a queltion of policy
and convenience, and he would take it up on that
ground, and if it could be eftablithed, that it was not
for the interefts of the merchants and planters in the
Weft Indies, nor for the benefit of the revenue of
this country, that this trade Should be continued, he
hoped thole merchants and planters would hencefor-
ward ceafe to- oppofe its abolition. It had been
Rated by the Counfel for the merchants of Liver-
' pool, that the trade carried on to the coat of Africa
had been the foundation, and was the grand fource
of the commercial opulence of that large and fiou-
Tithing town. His Lordfhip then went into feveral
Statements relative to the tonnage in Live. pool com-
pared with that of the whsle of our export, both as
to merchandize and to fearnen ; the retults of which
were, that on an average of three years, the tonnage
was equal to 1-4th and ,-23 d of (carmen. Could it
then be fuppofed for a moment, that channels might
not be found in which thole flips would not he as
uteitilly and as advanrageoufly employed ? The
whole value of our exports in taco was fomewhat
more than 9,cc0,0001. and dedu&ing the produce
brought home, and other charges attending the trade,
the difference to Liverpool would not be more than
toooo,oool. in three years. He hoped, therefore,
this would not be an ohjeat to prevent the Houle
from doing what would be a great at of national
juftice. It Should alit be recolleated, that fince t Soo ,
the foreign flave trade had been aboithed, and other
parts of the trade to our different colonies had been
greatly retrained, and by Sir William Young's Rate•
meta, it appeared, that the amount of negroes was
only 35,c00, the property in which, by being abolith-
cd, would amount but to 1 47th, ar.d the proportion
of the whole to one per cent. whica would not be
more than 1-4oi. Fifteen thaufand flaves, he faid,
was the amennt of the trade that nowiemained to be
aboliffied. The value of the goods, to purchase
them in Africa, did not amount to much more than
250,0001. but allowing it to be 500,0001. which was
the ',moll it could be pretended to be, taking the
whole capital a: 55,05c0c001. which would make it
t-1 loth, could fuch a fum be put as an argument
to prevent the abolition ? This ltatement would,
doubtleta, relieve tl,e minds of marry perfons from the
apprehenfions enter tallied as to the ifs this country
would (ultain, waiah could not at all be allowed to
be a total lots ; far tritely other channels would be
found into which the trips and capital would be em-
ployed, perhaps not much le( lucrative, and infi-
nitely more cold-truant to the caufe of humanity.—
The Counfel for the Merchants of Liverpool had
Rated the great importance of the dock duties,
and the injury the abr litiorrwould be to thole, for
he faid they amounted to 50001. a year, and that
mug entirtly ceafe. By a Ilatement lie (Lord
Howick) had then to make, jn 1772, the total of
Iflaps employed in that trade was 175 ; in 1779 they
were reduced to 29. The town of Liver pool had its
full (hare in that tedilation, and yet during that very
period, thafe dock duties were molt luccefsful, and
only 4001. (hurt of the relent amount. The cona
met ciAlinter ells of London and Brian! had for many
years been greatly on the decline. In London, in-
deed. the trade had almolt entirely ccafed, till the
conquejt of the Dutch ill-sods unfoitimately gave
Inew force and vigour to ii ; but, tak ng tire whole of
,• the commercial interells at the highet amount that
had been contended for, there could be no rational ap-
r prehenfitin on that Lead. In another branch of the
argument it had been flared, that 'hi, trade was of
the utmost importance to the I;ritifh Navy. For his
own part, Lc had always been anxious, by. every
I means in his power, to promote every tl.iag that.'
could tend to favour taule intcoafts. During the
, Short time he had been in power in that department,
he became teeiingly alive to the impottance of main-
taining it in its Italica force ; and he was well con-
vinced, that cutting at* the Slave Trade would not
prove llama-us to the navy,but cii,etaly the contrary.
It had, in fait, been very deftrualive to our fearnen.
It might he faid, perhaps, .hat the regulations of the
1 Middle Patatoe had produced-the molt Salutary
feats on the healthy of our lea men. It bad donhtlefs
produced Some benefits, but he was afraid not nearly
fir many as hart been afcribed to it ; and when he
coufidered the cantles which produced the calamity,
lit was not to be much expeatea there would be
more. The principal of tlir le were, the expofure of
nor feamen to the climate on throe, in order to oh-
' tain !laves ; the inevitable loflas which took place
in the aft of 11Y:titling them ; tire Sleeping on deck,
in order to guard them properly ; and. more than
all, he was afraid the fevetiry of punahment they
received from the Slave Captains, contributed very
much to their lois. Added to all theta, the bad air
occafioned by the confinement of fo many perfons
within fo narrow a Space, had- caufeel a very great
diminution of our fearnen ; and it appeared from the
mutter rolls of the Liverpool and Briara (hips, that
Ithe number of deaths in them, compared with thole
I employed in the Welt India Trade (which was not
one of them ft healthy), was as eight to one. Betides
this, the difability of the feamen was to be taken in-
to the account. When the '(hips in the African tradesl
arrived in the Weft Indies, our (hips of war, though
ever fo much in want, were Scarcely able to find a
Tingle man capable of Serving in the Navy. He had
been mid, and In had the Houle, that our (hips of
war in the Weft Indies could not be manned without
fupplies from the Altican (hips; 'the fad was, the i

feamen belonging to thole Mips, were man eager to
get abdard the King's (hips, an argument which i.e
thought (poke very fir ongly againft the trade ; for in
all others the featnen are prone and defirous to desert
from the King's (hips, and enter into the Merchants
fervice, on account of the fuperiorito of wages,—a
very (hong proof that the African trade trots a very
fatal one to the lives of the men employed in it ; and
what mull the charafter of that policy be which wf uld
thus cut off the fources of feamen for the B, itiihNavy
—and from the nature of the fervice and the fitua•
tirn of the (hips no Ids was to be feared.
It. had been lived, that it would be impoilible to
carry on the cultivation* of the Wands in ti.e Weft
Indies, without tient importations of Negroes.—
He wifhed to examine how that affertion flood. We
had received accounts of that kind previous to tBo -o
and the returns had in fame degree jullitied them ;
but Mr Pitt had clearly (hewn that since that period
the deaths had gradually decreafed, and there could
not be a doubt that by care and management nature
would at there as the did in other parts of the world,
and by that management particularly, which the abo-
lition of the trade was likely to produce, the population
amongft the negroes would greatly be increafed, un
lefs repreffed and kept back by the violence and cru-
elty of the meaftwes which had been fo long ufed
towards them. In the 'nand of Jamaica, from 1763
to 1768, the increafe of deaths was equal to 24 per
cent.—from 1768 to 1774., the excels of deaths was
only equal to it per cent.—in the third period, to 1787
it was only 1 in 3456—and in the fourth period, to
1802, the excels was In minute and ineonfiderable,
that the deaths and births were nearly equal—there-
fore when the new importations ceaft, and the caufe of
death ceafes with them. the prefent population would
keep itfelf up. In Dominica, the population had
been greatly fuperior—for in the three years from
1799 to 1802, the increafe of births were fevenry five
above the old flock. From all the other Elands the
fame conclutions appeared to he jug—fo that it teem-
ed evident, that if the Slave Trade was abolilhbd to-
morrow, no material diminution in the number of
naves was to be apprehended. It had been already
frequently (fated, that if it were not for fume unna-
tural caufes, ariling from bad management, and other
circumliances, the population of Negroes in the Welt
Indies would increafe equally as it did in other coun-
tries. In North America, where the treatment of
the Negroes is humane and careful, it had been dated
by Mr. Long, that they would double their (lock
in the comic of twenty years. It was well known,
that the climate in the Weft Indies was as fay..urable
to an increafe of population among the Negr.es, as
it was in America It was a fa& well afcertained,
that the Maroons had increafed in Jamaica, and the
Catibbs in St. Vincent, &c. and even in Bencuolen,
which was one of the m .ft unhealthy climates in the
world, the Negroes cardiderably increated in poptila
lion. What erodes were there why they ibould
decreafe in the Weft Ir.dies ? The climate that
was moll adverfe to them, was a cold one. This
would operate much more againft them in Ame-
rica, than it could poftibly do in the Well Indies,
for in America the cold was very intenfe indeed dur.
ing the Winter months, and in the Well Indies never.
It bad been dated, that the difproportion of the fexes
was one z eat caufe of the decreafe of population.
and this had been urged as a very forcible objeft
againft the Abolitionir•f the Slave Trade. He was
lorry to find that after all the warning given on the
lubjeft by that Houfe—after all the regulatiar that
had been adopted, and the Reps taken to • once the
determination of Parliament to .effroct ::. loon as cir-
cumllances would allow, a graduai, but a total Abo
lition, the Weft India Plante's !Lould have gone on
in their old track, and that the difpat icy of the texas
(hould (till prevail. If in none of the islands the de.
create is loch as to create apprehenfion—if in many
there was no decreafe, but on the contrary an increafe,
he was inclined to helieve that the Itatements as to
the difproporti.en of the fexes had been much crag
gera ed. The Learned Counfel had, he believed,
dated it at ten to one; be thought, on the contrary,
it was not more than three to five ; and, therefore.
whatever it might he, the Weft India Planters, after
all thole war nitro, had none but themfelves to biome.
Diffolutenels of manners, and the promifcuous infer-
courle of the fetes had been mentioned as the lecond
caufe of the deco tale of population among the negf nes.
Fte thought that a proper attention to their morals,
and giving encouragement and holding out incentives
to marriage, would put an end to thole difadvantages,
and in a courfe of time would tend to introduce'
morality, and prove of the greaten advantage to the
population of the islands. What, he afked, were the
other mires which had fo firongly npera. ed againft
the population of the negroes? they were fevere treat-I
)tent and bad food ; and feeing that filch were the
coniequences of their mode of treatment, one would
think would have induced them to look more care- I
fully to their own interells. Mr. Long, in his Hinory,
(fated, that donrellic negroes had more children than 1
thole employed in the fields; and especially more than
thole employed on fugar plantations, who had the
lealt of all from the onhealthinefs of the labour,which
was a proof that with mild treatment, which dome(
tic negroes generally meet with, and not forcing
them to more than they could tartly bear, the popu-
lation of the negroes might be very much increafed
indeed. This judicious treatment, and not (training
(nett'( beyond ;heir ttrength, would be one effeft of
the.Abofition, for when the Planter found he could
not g:t trefh fupplies of negroet, from Afric'a, Le
I wou'd take more care of thole he was already pof-
fefted of, 'which he thought would not decreafe, bat
ino.reale the poprilatinn, and lee believed ultimately
the quantitrof cultivariou a fo. One of the caufes
his Lordlhip laid, which retrained or totally pre-
vented population was, that the women were either
employed in fact) a way as to prevent the child from
being born, or elfe to contribute to its being de-
flroyed afterward;. All knew how delicate the htua•
tion of women was in a Rate of pregnancy. On
• the Dightell !tight or violent furprize, their nerves
were liable to loch throng emotions, there could be
little doubt, but that when fuffeting under the cruel
and bloody lath of the overfeer, the women were fre
que'ntly apt to milearry ; or by the mother L..ing forced
to go into the fields to Rork, during the tenderell in.
fancy of the child, it was left in the hut, midefend-
I
led from the cold, unprotefled and utefupported by
i the mid: of the mother, which loon became bad from
!hard treatment, and thus vat numbers molt cruelly
and untimely perilhed. He.thotight, therefore, that
itrom what he bad aged) it mutt be clear the abil...

1

V

tion wou!d not prove injnrions in any confideralsk
degree to our generat'export trade ; that the (bums
of the ravy would not be likely to fuller by i. ; that
not only the :ovulation of Negroes in the Welt In.
d:a Hands would not decreafe, but might be expelled
to increafe. which were fo many cogent arguments
' in favour of the meafure, and he hnped wrintd in-
, duce the linufe to ado et it. The Houfe had be-n
i told that the Wed India Blinds were in danger
from infurredion and revolt, if the abolition lhould
take place, • and much fault had been found on that
fepre with the preamble of the Bill, which had
been Rated to hold out to the Negroes that this
trade was founded in cruelty and inhumanity.---
He was altonifhed to hear fuch an argument.
What, after this trade had exidect for Inch a length
of time, after all that had taken place on the fuhjea
in that Houle for the lad twenty years, is it neceffery
to tell the Negro frotn Africa, who has been toot
from his parents, or from his wife and children, that
hi. lot is cruel and fevere ? Is it not written in his
mind, and impelled on his feelings by the great hand
j of Nature. Is it neceffary to tell him, in the pream-
ble of an Alt of Parliament, that his being in the Weft
I Indies is an aft of inhumanity and injusflice? Merciful
heaven! mutt he not feel his unhappy file (very hour
(c f his lie ? Would he not read it every day i 1 the
I bloody (tripes of his fellow flave's back ? Alas, raid
I his Lordfhip, there needs no preamble to convince
them feelingly on that head—but finely nn fear or
app' thenlion could be entertained on that feore, for
the Planters had lhewn them, in v it i 'us publications,
t all that had naffed on the fubjelt in thatHoofe, from
the queflion's being fiat agitated to the prefent mo-
ment. Nay, there had lately appeavd in the
Ja-
maica Papers, art account of an infuriation which
had been difcovered in fume of the Mends, in which
the whole of the plan was developed in filch a man-
ner, and its various bearings delineated fo minutely,
as could not fail to infirult every negro that could
read in the whole of its orgsnization, and how they
might proceed if inclined to funilar pr..ceedings. If
the Hutde would look at what had naffed for the
lalt twenty years, fince this fobjed had been agi-
tate...'., they would find, he believed, lefs of infur-
reetion than had taken place in any former period.
—lt was not true, that new Negroes were b ught
to diminith the labour of the old, bust to make up
for rise decreafe which the fevetity of that labour
had occafioned. They had alto been told that a
new importation of negroes was a great confutation,
and thnfe who had been there before were glad to hear
news of their relations. A very ingenion. argument
truly ! Bat what mutt be their feelings when they fee
perhaps a near relation of their own brought nu. fh re,
and not fold to the fame matter, but rent to home
d. 'ant quarter—their feelings mull he mod puligent.
—He could not agree to the character Oven of the
African negroes He believed them to be rather mild
in their dispofitinns, and th-re was n,o, on that ac-
count, In much danger of infurredi us from old fettled
negroes as from thole who were fmarting under the
lath f having been recently torn from all that were
neat and dear to them. The colony and fate of St.
Domingo had been held up a; an example againd the
abolition. On the c .ntrary, he thought it a thong
argument in its favour. It was well known, that tuft
before the troubles began in St. Domingo, •here had-
been a very large imp •r- ation of new negroes, and
thole had ever been mod forward in promoting in-
furration ; hut the fate of St. Domingo was owing
Ito the French Revolution. The whole Colony had
!been divided into different patties, each driving to
carry his point ; and thole fangninary and ambitious
people Simulated the negroes to MEd them in their
different views. Therefore :here WAS no argument in
I
the cafe of St. Domingo. He was ready to admit the
fad that had been hater', that emiffiries had been
fent to our iflands, and otos—, inlligatieg the negrott
to revolt and infurredion, the belt and lafell tnetta.d
to avoid which was to attach them to us by kind
treatment, aad pre.per triage. This had been ctiarly
lhewn in Surinam, the only colony where intimation
had atually taken place, and where thrtfe negroes
who had been well treated flood by their matters,
and a flitted them to quell the revolters. He thought
therefore ti is argument as to intimation of no weight,
and hoped the lloufe w old countenance this Bill,
which came fo warmly and powerfully recommended
from the other branch of the Legiflature On theft
grounds, he for his own part Ihould be inclined to
tupport it. It had been Paid, tt if you abolifh the
trade, you fh-uld abolith ;revery." l'his, he thought,
migh' Ballow, as was the cafe in Greece and Rome;
and, even in modern times, in a certain deg*, in the
Portugnefe and Spanifh Settlements, where negroes
having faved a certain tuns of money, were allowed
to emancipate themfelees. Another argument was,
that if we abandon this trade, others would take it
up : this however, was the favourable moment to do
it. The French and Vetch had no power to do it
during the war. Denmark had abolifhed it, and fo
had all Not th An erica, except the province of South
Carolina. If the ab Won produced good effeas in
Africa, he hoped France and Holland would be in-
duced ro follow the example, which would iednund
fo touch o the honour arid humanity of this country.
A further argument was, that the trade had been
fandioned by men of the greeted talents in this
country, and Lord Clarendon and Mr. Locke were
cited . s having held that it was right. This had
been ably anfeacred in another place, and perhaps it
would be unneceffary to enter any fur tl•er into it.
Lord Howick concluded in the fuelowing tern s:
I. But, Sir, if we ate to rely upon authority, slo c
are names of the !sighed relpatability in owls:ion.
to this trade. Need I mention that of the Prefident
Montefquieu ? Shall I add to his influence two of the
molt -dittinguifhed politicians of our own times, who
applied to this fubjeO all the energies of their power-
tut minds, and who, risals c.n every other topic,
united in one common feeling and lentiment on this
grand que! inn ? Let us, by palling this Bill, raife a
monument t-• them more forendid than any the labour
or ingenuity of man could ere& It was Mr. Fox
who Silt propofcd this meafure, which it was the
&area aka of his life to aecomplifli, and the with for
its fuccefs quivered on his lips in the laft moments of
existence. After the high authorities I have Waled,
it would be abfurd to lubmit inferior names to your
n nice. There may be and there have been differ-
ences as to the time, mode, and circumdances of
thg abolition, but on the necafity of the° abolition
i felt in fame form, .1 believe, there la no difference
of .pit ion between ntyfelf and thole Gentlemen 6 ith • .
whom I pad the mistortune to elifagrec on num.
.

I*

lahleas of political enquiry. I have endeavoured,
to the utinoft of my ability (but certainly with a
full convietion of my own incompetency in fn ar-
duous a duty), to explain the 'fleas of this Bill on
the iorerelts of the Merchants, on the fituation of
the Plantar, and on the condition of the Negroes,
in all ittbearingi and relations, and on theft various
steotfids, I fhal give it my cordial fuppurt."
General GASCOIGNE replied at confiderable
length to the Noble Lord. He re-hated all the ar-
gumer •
tt that have been in freqhently adduced in fa-
tour of the Slave Trade, denied that any fuch mor-
uility as that afferted by the Noble Lord. existed in
the (hips employed in that traffic, and templaine4 of
the Nance with which the friends of the Abolition
refuted to beer evidence at the Bar of the Houle.—
The Rare was tremendous. We were rifkingthe hits
of the Colonies; and the lots of the Corunies would
be the downfall of the Britilb Empire.
Mr. ROSCOE could not-give a talent vote on this
ocafion with any fatisfaaiou to his awn feelings, nor,
hs trolled, with any adherence to his duty towards
lair Congitnents ; for, whatever might be thought of
the people of Liverpool, he could afture the Houfe
that a great and refpeetablc body of them thought
the Slave Trade a cruel and barbarous traffic, and
experSed anti willed its abolition. He then entered
into a very able expofirion of the horrors attendant
on the trade, and dwelt in peculiarly thong terms
of reprobation of the cpndoa of the traders in fur.
minting the• Africans with fire arms, brandy, and
other means of &attrition-and debauchery, for the
porpule of availing theinfelvet of the evils that necef-
farily followed. From the length of time which was
occupied in bringing flayes from the interior to the
coaft of Africa, it had been apprehended by Line
that a dreadfnl matfacre might fucceed the immediate
floppage of this traffic ; but after making every poffi-
Lie inquiry, he found there was no ground for this
fear. He inclined to the opinion, that at tome future
period compenfation might be made to thole who
could prove that they were unjualy !offerers by the
abolition. To make up then, for the partial and
temporary issinty to our commerce, which the 101 l
of the Stave 'node might uccafion, he recommend-
ed the mention of our colonial fyftem, and intimated
the policy of laying open the trade to the Eaft Indies.
Mr. LUSHINGTON fupported the commitment
of the Bill, and in aufwer to the argument of the dif-
proportion of the fexes, he cited the authority of a
31)1ofeffor of St. Peter fbargh, who noticed an inftance
of the increafe of a people where there was a defi-
ciency of females, much more confiderable than that
resifting in the Itlands. In Trinidad he admitted that
the Proprietors would (Whin fume lots: but thefe
adventurers were not entitled to the fame protection
as the old Colonifts.
Mr. FAWKES fupported the Bill in a fpcech of cor.fiderable
energy. He Waved, that the traffic which the endeavours of
his virtuous Colleague, (Mr. Wilberforce) were calculated to de-
Still. had and ever muft have his abhorrence ; and the vote he
illould give this night would be a matter of triumph to bin, in
she bit& period of Ids Hie- The condition of favage life was of
It fufficiently deplorable, hut its evils had been blunted by the
intereowle of Europe with Africa. He drew an all-calms picture
el the miferies of the flave.who was forced from his native coon-
sry and family, to he expofcd to the heft bidder, and condoned to
a mailer who cunfidered ldm in the fame light as his inanimate
aecels. He thought it was Mph time the arm of the flave trader
Mould 1%. arreltcd. and that he (tumid be tank. if he meant to
Jr rich. muft learn to be humane. He trotted the Bridal
iihture would slot labour under the difgrace of having heard
the wrnogit of Africa without pity. and left them without reciter..
Lord MAHON called up at the Hot re. in the 113111 C of furring
Ihu,vatsity. and of an injured and opprciied people, to repeal fo
ahfgr.veful a traffic. - - - -

Lord mu. roN, after condenming the Slave Trade. and coat
tiering it violatury of every principle of religion, of humanity,
:anti even expedit icy. rentallt, al, that if any thing could increafe
convitftion of the neeeffity of abolifhing it, it was, that a dear
votl valuable (Mr. Fox) had left its abolition as a legacy.—
) - the objed that wa • mar& his heart, and he therefore V/24
I at,fied he &add not be doing his duty if be did :tot lift up his
voce to (Arabi it.
Mr. BRAGGE BATHURST admitted that the African Slave
Trade ought not to be encouraged—on the contrail., every one
agreed that it ougl t to he aboliihed; but be thought it ought to be
grAdaally abolifhtd, and with that view he wifhed to have the ton-
cage iocreafed annually, in order that it might not be worth any
perfott'. while to engage in fuch a traffic.
Sir jOHN DOYI.E offered fame apeingy for addrellng the
Houle atter the able conkers that had pone before him, thougfile
tevred that 'Own he had to addreft a Britifh audience in behalf of
Nee claims of joftice and humanity. an apology was little Mort of
offence: whatever difproport ion of les eaifled now in the black pn-
ritiatim of the colonies. it would he iner."raql by a gradual aboli•
tion, for the flavea employed would he chiefly males, as had been
the cafe alwlys, notwithaanding fo trail former warning, that
the trade would be form eudiftted. The Counft.l who had been

I cud at the barPhad alfo (*poker' of Jo ft ice and !Omani. y. but had
applied them not to the wretched finferers, hut to shore who loftie-
r:el the firffe:ip. As to policy, he :I nied the fitundn fs of any
rtlicy wbict waS contrsry to justice and humanity ; and he was
fure filch polies wa: not true Brian': policy. The two greaten. men
Ali country, or perhaps any other country had ever produced at
the fame ton-, though rivals on almott every other political point,
.:greed in the wifJom of aholifhing the have trade. as contrary
tojultiee and humanity. and to found policy. It was now
the obj.dt of all }.relent to look to what was ntoft for the advan.
13 to of the country. Without any influence on the part of his
tiolly's Miiiiiters. for no power on earth could ineuenee hi,
Hoodoos ; almntt without any acquaintance with that Minifters,
be had home rorpeet moor their authority coitfidering the attention
the, mid bare given to this cafe, the means they potreff-d at ac-
qtaling inhumation rcfpr ding it, and of forming a judgment of its
hrat hips. a• d the inter:4l they bad la forming a corred judgment.
He did not mear'perfonal intereft, fur that motive would operate
in a contrary way : there were a number of Gentlemen who had
N ores iii dies Houk ,that may perhaps have been conciliated by for-
bearing from the abolition, but there was not a Engle vote on the
road of Africa to make it matter of perfonalinterett to Mini tters to
j-erriae the (Mork they bad chalet:. The Counfel had argued.that as
:Inc( Ikon had far:dinned the Dive trade for t;o years, it would be
difrefpcctful in us now to &bob& it. Wit h every rerped for nur an-
ntors, he tb tight it ton much that we rbould, in every thing, eon-
don,: to no always as they had done. They were highly enlight-
C highly experienced, no doubt, but we had the advantage of
&it li;hts and our own, and we lived is times as well adapted to
,:alt a new light upon thing.. as any period in the hiltory of the
world (a lave). The clanger that was dreaded from the contagion
• at. Dennlngo could by no other means be fo effeaually guarded
ageinft, as by attaching the Negroes by benefits, and by flopping
iemortation. When thole who were intereited in keeping up the
Slave Trade, tell him the Cave* were happy, it reminded him of a
lost, whom he had once ken in a warren fewing up the mouth of
a ferret: be remordtrated with the man upon the cruelty of the
ad; but the man anfwered, " Lord, Stir. the ferret likes it above
all things"—(r lave). It was argued that the Liverpool merchants
bad fitted up a IllelllterT of (hips Inc this trade, which Alps it kern-
et,. could not bc applied to ally other trade ; that there °lips were
manned with frame,, who were milk fur any other navigation than
that us gave fhips ;and that they had built docks and piers, which
,euld hold none hut filar (hips. He would fuppore the tare of a
I.4thwayman—(4 Luigi)—aceultomed to (top perfons on the road.
aid whit; called to account for it, raying. " Yes, Ida (top men on
.11C road, and take their motel ; but if I did not Will !hello t and
rang would." ll'hen afrt.-d why he did not re tan honeft live-
:•,omal, he would make the parallel more near if he (hoots, anfwer, ,
• am ured to this, and would be awkward at any ether; I have
treadtit a boric, which, though a very good hnrfc, is fit for no-
' low flopping flewlemen on the highway; I have built a
''ahle• which wilt hold no bork but a ktirre accurtemed to high
mhbery; and a hlunderburs that would !liver do :I. cut ion
vto lath IstAiLeti."—(Lord aid sontissa.l )•

•

...Though this parallel would appear to apply peaty eIuC Iy, be
would not catty it as far as it would gu—tor though be had been
as uncouthly treated by Isighwaytueu as any man, be ll.ould be
furry to degrade their profelfion, by comparing them with Slave
Traders,-..(d wry /oid tough.)—lts was certainly very kind of
there crufatias in beneficence. to take Curb pains to introduce
happinefs among the fable loos of Africa. But they were repaid
by ingratitude worfe than the Gal of witchcraft and witchcraft
too was uled to delude the unfortunate negroes--(o
He was happy at all times to contribute to the good humour of
the Houle! but be had been always fo deprrffAl and pained in the
contemplation of this fibjed, that he was at a lois to reconcile
to himfelf his prefccn gaiety, except it was produced by the cow
fciuufnefs that this night would put a period to this horrid trade.
He denied that the Governors of Colonies were at all qualified to
eve evidence of the condition of the negroes. They were the
perfons on the Colonies who knew legit about it. He recited
tome (hocking Pittances of cruelty to negroes that had come order
his own eyes. He had known the contempt of chore poor crea-
tures carried fo fAr, that when one white man killed two negroes
belonging to another, the other would not be fo ungenteel as to
eau% the fine due by the law, but balanced the account genteelly
by emoting two of his. Abolition of this trade was the only
mode of feeuring better treatment for the blacks, and of render-
ing the Colonies &writhing'
The SOLICITOR GENERAL, in an able and eloquent fpeech,
alerted the rights of the injured Negroes. He entered into a detail
of the different regulations for their puniihment ; and alluded to a
ate which took place in the Writ Indies, to (hew that the iuterelt
of the Planters in the Mends was fo strong, that the Civil Audio.
city dared nut to carry its decrees into execution for the puniihment
of a Planter, whole iuhunianity had rendered bin' amenable, even
to thole laws ettated in fo grest a meature, not for the pro/cajun
but fur the upprelilon of the Blacks. He paid a high compliment
to the exertions of Mr Wilberforce in profecuting the emancipation
of the Africans.

Mr. Alderman HIBBERT fvoke againft the motion, and en-
tered into Come arguments in favour of the track, which the Bill
went lo

Mr. WILBERFORCE replied to the left Speaker, and fpoke
with much feeling againtt the traffic. He complicnented the Houle
on the number of 'Young Men who had fpoken againft the eonti
nuance of the trade, and who, he hoped, would live to fee thofe
benefits realized, which were now fu rcafonably pm/it:keel from
the meafure before the Hoyle.

Sir JOHN DOYLE faid a few words in explanation.
Mr. MANNING alto explained, and finally concurred in the
me.tfure, exprelling, however, a hope. that slue compeufation
would In. made to thole whofe interelts might fuller by the Aboli-
tion of the Trade.

Mr. ADDINGTON could with difficulty obtain a hearing,
antral} the general cry for the queilion. He raid, that be hoped
that Gentlemen would not think it phffible that he could mean to
try their patience, after the debate that they had heard.and at that
boor of the morning, by Rating his °Medians, however weighty
he felt them to be, to tl.e queßion brought forward by his Noble
Friend. Anxious as be had been to exprefa his fentiments, he
thought it incumkent on hint to give way to the unufoal pre Pure
and number of Gentlemen, particularly of new Members,wbo had
been &limos of delivering their opinions,which were perhaps better
worth hearing than his own. His only nbjttt in rifing was to Rate,
to the Houle, that the ground, and the only one, on which he
could confent to leave the Chair, :tiled on the pledge that
had been given by his Right Hon. Relation near him (Mr. Ba•
thurft) that when in a Committee, he should propofe to extend
the term for the final eitimbion of the trade. This, accompanied
by the other =alums of gradual Abolition, particularly the levy.
ing annually encrufing du acs en e 'eh Slave imported, app:ared to
hint, as it had always done, the only laic, effeftual anti pradicable
mode, of diipoling of tkis ohjeetionable, but long ettabliffied trade,
and which was not to be accomplithed by fudden and violent
measures.

Lord PERCY funefted, that a principle which he (Mudd with
to introduce into the Bill towards the final Emancipation of the
Negroes. would be to declare every ncgro child free, who ihillbc
born in his Majclty's dominions after the eft of January, t 8i
Tht %leflion was now loudly called for, and the Houle divided.
Ayes 283--Nors 16—Majority 267.
The Houfe reiolved Well into a Committee, pro firma, and at
Half paft Pour adjourned tO this day.

THE EVENING STAR.

LONDON.

TUESDAY. FEBRUARY 24.

PRICE OF STOCK.' THIS DAY AT ONE ori.ocK :
Collitria. for money, 62;f—fur February 6t+ —fur I,4ii
Ezehequer Bids, par to tt. prt—Omitiont

We Rated yeierday that accounts lead been received
from the Dutch coati of another battle having been
fought between the Ruffian and French armies, in
which the former had been joined by so,oooAntlrians,
the hfue of which was favostrable to the Ruffians.
It is not believed in the beef informed circles that
there is any truth in the report fo far as concerns the
Auntie's ; but other accounts received this day from
Yarmouth fpeak of another great battle having ac.
tually happened, in whict the French loft to,orao men.

What degree of credit this report is entitled to, we
cannot afcertain ; but, as it is made to rc chiefly
on the circumllanee of Count ALorsus, AmbafFador
from Ruffia, having landed the day before yellerday
at Yarmcuth, from the Starling Imp of war, from
Tonningen, we are rather fceptical as to his having
brought any new intelligence. Our reafon for doubt-
ing whether theintelligance he brings can relate to
any t►anfaelions fuhfequent to the accounts we have
before had, we than Hate in a few words : So !'.sr
back as Monday fe'nnight, the 16th intl. we laid be-
fore our Readers a private letter from the Continent,
refpeeting the arrival at Tottingen of the very Gen-
tleman that has now reached England ; the following
is the letter alluded to :

" TONNINGIIN, JAN. 27.

" His rscelleney Count Alopeus, Ambairatior from Ruins,
arrivcd on the 24th infant, and embarked on board his Britannic
hi.t.;elly's gun brig Starling. accompanied by the nuclide of Wei•
mar and fuite. The wind being now near north, thee may pro-
bably fail re-morrow. They bring welcome news home, as the
Ruffans bate completely beat the Frrneh, and there is reafon to
believe that no enemy is on the Polifh Ade of the Viitula."

Now, horn the above letter, compared with the
reports now in circulation, it is plainly impolEble that
the Count can have brought accounts of tranfaElions
that are laid to have taken place in Poland in the end
of January and beginning of February. We 'hall,
however, fulijoin the mounts received this morning
from Yarmouth, (bat our Readers may draw their
own conclulions

" YARMOUTH, SUNDAY. s P. M.

" Hit Excellency Couot Atoret. a and the Duchefs of WeileAß
were landed here from the STARLING !loop of war, under a flute
of t$ guns. An carp(' wa, immediately forwarded to London.
His Esc Ileney is flared to have brought newt of great impor-
tance, the pan iculare of which I have not heard. Reports here
are numerous "

" YARMOUTH, FR13.13.

" Arrived yeflerday hi► Majtlls's gun brig STARLING, (Mill
the Continent and landed Mr. ALOPIVO, who brings an account
that the French were-defeated on tke rich ul►. with the lots of
10,000 men killed and wound,d and bore .defratul In the begin
ning of Frheuary, 10 au salon 4.4 w4igh ?Once Mu *or was

killed, Et RDI A ritlTTa wuunded, and Lis.buh foite tarn. Vyr
toa is a ',slimes at Dantaiek. The Turks arc Lid to Lave iciiictl
the Ruilians,atid the Audrians to have declared in favour of Prof-
fla. His Majeltes gun brig Stark. it got off And brought into
this harbour, but with a great deal of damage."

We do uot fay abfolutely that tl.ere is no truth in
the above accounts; but only that all circurn►tances
compared, there are grounds for ruff:etling that tile
accounts which relate to D.crmbLr have by fume
blunder been t ferule' red to January, for if we toppofc
that in bringing tile Rufliap dktes to the new 11)1e Genre
perfon has counted thenVifferenee to be only eleven
inliead of twelve dap. the esth would be fub-
diluted for the 26th, and it often happens that 01114)
continues to be uftd a mouth longer than i. prover.
We (bell be extremely happy, however, Mould the
fait be proved to be correa that there has been ann
tilt) battle, and that it has proved as difaitrou. to
the enemy as the rumours in ciicula►io,n affert.—A
few days will afcertaiu how far the intelligence is
intitled to credit.