Star.
London, England, 1801-02-23 00:00:00

TILTIIITY.

In order that the fteeicnnOf navigation, and the
fecurity of the merch:mdize of the neutral powers,
may be eftablifhed, and the principles of the laws
of nations be fully afeertained4 during the conti-
nuance of the prefent maritime war, his Majefty the
King of Sweden, and his Majefty the Emperor of
all the Rutliai, aduated by their love of juftice, and
by a reciprocal dare to promote whatever may
be for the public advantage of their refpellive
States, have to that effeft determined to give a new
fandion to thole prinCiples of their neutrality,
which are in their nature indiffoluble, and require
that it may be refpeEted.by all powers interefted in
their prefervation. With this view their Majefties
have, by their declaration of the tech Aug. to the
Northern Courts, who are equally concerned in the
maintenance of tbofe general regulations antiently
recognised, given them to underftand how fincere-
ly it is the objea of their hearts to reftore, in its
full inde.pendence, the right of all nations to con-
vey their ibis and merchandise freely, and with-
out being &bra to the controul of the Powers at
war. His Swedifli Majelly imparted his willies
and his fentiments to his great Allies, and an hap-
py conformity of their mutual interefts has induced
them to adopt the refolution of re-eftablifhing that
fyftem of an armed neutrality which was attended
with Inch advantages during the American war,
and to renew its beneficial principles in a conven-
tion adapted to the prefent circuznftances. To this
end his Majefty the King of Sweden, and his Im-
perial Majefty of all the Ruffias, have nominated
as their Plenipotentiaries, namely, his Swedifh Ma-
j eft y, Baron Count Vox Si-Emmas, Ambaffador Ex-
traordinary to his Imperial Majefty of all the Ruf-
flas, Lieutenant-General Chamberlain of the
giteen Dowager, Colonel of a Regiment of Infan-
try, Knight and Commander of the Order of the
Sword, and Knight of the French Order Pour kr
Neriter MiStairer—and his Imperial Majefty of all
the Ruffias, Baron Count THEODORE VON Rosror.
BIN, his right trufty Privy Councillor, Member of
the Council Principale, Minifter of the College of
Foreign Affairs, DireEtor General of the Polls of
the Empire, Grand Chancellor and Grand Croft
of the fovereign order of St. John of Jerufalem,
Knight of the fiat clefs of the orders of St. An-
drew, St. Alexander Newfity, and St. Anne,
Knight of the order of St. Lazarus, do trlnnoneindr,
of St. Morrice and St. Lazarus, of St. Ferdinand
and St. Hubert ; who,. after exchanging their re-
fpeaive full powers, have agreed upon the follow-
ing articles :

Art. I. His Majefty the King of Sweden and his Majefty
the Emperor of all the Runk; declare that they will ftridily
prohibit the exportation of cootraband mereLand,ze on the part
of their fubjedts with every Power whatever, whether at pre-
fent engaged in war, or which may hereafter be engaged in war.
.Art. 11. In order to prevent all doubt and mifunderftandinge
as to what !hall be confidered contraband, his Majefty, the
King of Sweden, and his Imperial Majefty of all the Ruffle
declare, that they will acknowledge the following articles a'
contraband,. namely, cannons, mortars, fire-arms, bails, flinty
flint Rona, matche , gunpowder, faltpetre, fulphtir, helmets,
pikes, fwords, hangers, cartridge boxes, (addles and bridles,
with the exception of fuch a quantity of the above articles as
may be neeeffary for the defence of the (hips and their crews ; all
othr a rucks not herein enumerated, fhall nut lie coolidered as
war or naval floret, they Ihall not be fubjedt to confifeation, but
fhail pafs free and without reftraint. It is alto hereby agreed,
that the prefent artick fhall be without prejudice to the parti-
cular flirulationa of former treaties with the Powers at war
by virtue of which the things above mentioned are allowed or
prohibited.
Art. 111. And whereas it is refoived, that whatever, by vir-
tue of the foregoing article, can be donned contraband, (hall
be excluded from the commerce of neutral nations ; in like man-
ner hi; Majefty the King of Sweden, and his Imperial Majefty
of aH the Roth" will and determine that all other mirchandlre
shall be and remain free ; and in order that the general princi-
ples of the laws of nature, of which the freedom of trade and
navigation, as well as the rights of neutral nations are the Im-
mediate cooky:ewe, may he placed under a conipetent and
Pure fafeguard, they have refolved 110 longer to delay that sofas-
ter y ivallaortiaa from which they have hitherto hint reftra!n..d
by motives of their feparate and temporary intertits. With
this view they have hereby determined,
it. That caul Chip may freely navigate (turn one harbour 1,,
another, and on the ecofts tithe r, elligereat Nations.
a. That the circlets whirls belong to the fubieds of the Bell,.
Powers in neutral Chips, with the exception of cotitt..-
foods, flail be free.
3. That, in order to determine what (hail be confidered as a
blockaded harbour, firth denomination fiall be admittrd to ap.
ply only where the difpofition and number of till (hips of the
Power by which it it inverted, theft be fuch as to reader it .Ip-
wently hazardous to enter; and that every (hip which fh,.111.0
Imo a blockaded harbour, that is evidently fn blockaded, viol,,t,
the prelim Convention as much as if the Commander of the
blockade had previonfly advifed it of the ftate of the harbmir,
and it had neverthekfs endeavoured by force or artifice to ob-
taLl admitlion.

4. That, with regard to neutral Ships, except thote which
for juft melons sad upon evident grounds null h de.ained, fen-
fence than be pronoortced without delay; the Foca...dings againft
them mall be uniform, prompt, and lawfuL Over and above
the indemnity to which they than Le entitled for the damage
they than have fuftained, complete fatisfaCtion than be given
for Oa intult committed agatnft the nag of their Majeßtcs.
5. Thee the declaration of the officers who Mall eotnenand
the ihip of war, ur dips of war, of the King or Emperor, with h
Mall be convoying one or more merchant Chips, that the con-
voy has lio confralianal goods on board, fttall be tufficient : and
that no frarch of his Chip, or the other (hips of the convoy Ohill
he permitted. And the better to enfure Mime to the4r prin-
ciple. and the ft ipolat ions founded upon them, whisk their dif-
inter:Red winos to prderve the imprekriptibk rights of neutral
motions have faggefleti, the high contraltlog parties, to prove
their finality and Juftice, will give the &Weil orders to their
Captains, as wall of their Mips of war, as of their merchant
Mips, to load no part of thur Mips, or &zedy to have on board
any .:ticks, which, by virtue of the prefect Convention, may
be confidentid as contraband ; and Ca the more comet-toy ter-
tying Into execution this command they will refpatraly take '
can to rive direCtion. to three Courts of Admirals, to pub
it whenever they than think it and to this end the
regulation which fhall to:nat.' tin. p-okibitiod ander fere&
penalties, hall be pri.otal at the mil of the recant act, that to
y plead c.

Art. IV. !ri order to place etc commerce of their tubjeells exp.
on the.moft legal and permanent bate, his Majelty the ling
of Sweden and his filajefty the Emperor of all the Ruffias,
have deemed it expedient to equip a number of flips of war and
frigates, which Mall he charged to fee that tabled obtained,and
the finadrons of each power than take thole ftations, and pro-
tedt Oak convola which their commerce and their navigation
may require, and which faun be conformable to the courfe of
trade of each nation.

Art. V. To provide agalnft all inconvcnicncles which may
prucet d from any nation abiding the privilege of their flag, it is
ellablinted as a regulation not to be departed from, that every
tranfport, he it whole it may, belonging to the country whore
flag it bears, mall have on hoard a Captain, and the half of the
new compofill of the fabledts of that country, and the paffport
tall be drawn up to due and regular form. Every tranfport
which mall nut obferve their regulations, or &AU violate the
command printed at the end of this !infest convention, flail
forfeit all right to the pre( Mon of the contrading parties, and
the government to which it may belong mall alone be refponfi-
hie for all the lots, damage, or Inconvenience it may fuftain.
An VI. Should it nevertheicfs happen that the merchant
Chip, of one of the Powers Mould find itfclf in a litigation where
the (hips of tsar of that nation are not Rationed, and where
they cannot have the proteCtion of their own convoys, in filch
cafe the Commandant of the (hip of war of the other Power, if
it Ruff be required, Hull duly and faithfully afford fuel atfift-
ance as may be nceeffary. The Olio of war and frigates of
etch nation Mall afford protex`tion and affiftance to the m -
chant veffels of the other, provided, in the mean time, the:
the veffel requiring fueb alfiftance map not have violated tlfe
principles of the neutrality, by having carried on any illicit
commerce•

Art. VII. This convention than have no retrofpedlive ope-
ration, coufeqmntly it than have no reference to any differ-
ewes that exifted previous to its eonelufion. Its application
Mall only be to futurc ads of violence and agsreffion, and it
dU farm the balls of a fyftem for the protedtion of all the neu-
tral =ions of Europe, whole rights may hereafter be denied
orvitdatcd.

Art. VIII. Shook! it, notwithltanding all the poffilde care of
the Powers, add notwithilanding the oblervance of the molt
perks& neutrality en their fides, In happen that the merchant
naps •of his Aldefty the Xing of Sweden, or of his Imperial
Majclty of all the Ruffles, mould be inflated, plundered, or
taken by the Sips of war or privateers of one or other of the
belligerent Pouter., the Minifter of the injured party mall forth-
with typified the fame to the Government whale Sip of war
or privateer bail have committed fuck ad of violence ; he nail
ra.Wm the captured veffels, demand, due fatiefaetion, mad by
no means lofe light of the loft& offered to the flag. The mini-
fter of the other contra Ling Power mall alto enforce the com-
plaint in the molt energetic and determined manner poffible,
and they mall generally and uniformly adt in concert together.
Should their jail complaint Meet with no redrefs, or (timid it
be poltponed from time to time, then (hall their Majefties have
recuurfe to reprifals againft fuch power as than have =lured to
do juitice; and that they mall, by evert poiSble means, give
effect to loch reprifeh.
Art. IX. Should it happen that one or the other of the two
Powers, or both, on account of, or from Mike to the prefect
convention, or any ciretonftance connected with it, thouid be
difquieted„ molefted, or attacked, in fuck cafe it is agreed, that
the two Powers than make it a commis caufe, mutually to de-
fend each other; and that they man reciprocally employ every
exertion to obtain full and complete fadsfadlon, as well for the
infult done to their flag as for the injury [Whined by their
fubjcds.
Art X. The principles and regulations ftipulated and fettled
by this plvfent adt man apply to every maritime war, by which
Europe may unhappily be dikuieted. There ltipuhtions mall
alto be confidered as perpetual, and upon all «teflon' null be
appeded to by the contrading Powers for the regulation of
their commerce and navigation, and for the maintenance of
the rights of neutral nations.
Art. XI. As the object and main confideration of this con-
vention is to allure the general freedom of commerce and navi-
gation, his Majefty the Xing of Sweden. and his Imperial
Ma-
jeity of aU the Rullias hereby agree, and bind thanfelves to each
other, to give their codemt that other neutral powers may be-
come parties se it, adopt its principles, conform to its oblige-
dont, and partake of its advpntagcs.
Art. XII. In Order that the Belligerent Power. may not have
to 'plead ignorance of the arrangements concluded between
t:lcir Sacred Majatic., Information mad be to fuch Belli-
gerent Powers of the regulations they have determined upon„
which are/i Gene aj as ha /denature, that they can be detrimen-
t.J to no other country whatever, but, on the contrary, are
only calculated to Imre the commerce and navigation of their'
refpedive (Waled&

Art. XIII. The relent Convention Mall be ratified by the
two ContraAing Parties, and the ratification Ihall be exchang-
od, ie due and good form, within fix weeks, or boner, if pol-
-1 fible' from the day of figning it.
In teitimony of tee fame, we, the underfigned, furnithed
with full powers, have hereunto figned our names and affixed
our teals.

Given at St. Peteriburgh, the 4-t6dt of December, 'Soo.
(Signed) Count Vox STRDINCiIt.
COUpt VON ROSTOrtIN.

[Here follows the ratification of their SwatusH
and IMPERIAL Mai Erma, counterfigned by Jon
CHRIST Da Tot.i., and Count Rorrorm.

There is alio the regulation referred to in the.
Convention, it confifis of fifteen article!. It is
dated St. Peteriburgh, December 23, 1800.)

ANOTH/R LETTER FROM lITOCIMOLM, FF11.3.
The following is. the anfwer of Baron EHRIN3-
WARD to the notification of Lord Galxvtict, of
the t sth of January, Rating, that an embargo had
been laid on the Danilh and Sweilifh (hips in Eng-
land.

The undcrfigned Miniller Plenipotentiary of
Ibis Imperial Swedifh Maj:fly received the official
notification, by which his Excellency Lord Gasa
vILLE, Minifler of State, fignified to the • un-
derfigned, that his BRITANNIC -MAMMY had or-
dered an embargo to be laid on all the Swedifh
(hips that Ihould be found in the harbours within
his dominion.. So unexpected an event lx.tween
Powers who were in relations of friendikip towards
each other, w is received with allonifhment by his
IMPERIAL MAJESTY, who was not only unconfei-
ous of having given his BRITANNIC MAJUTY the
leaft caufe of complaint, hut on the contrary Was
entitla to hare demanded indemnification for re-
peated aggreflions. Aduated by this refledion, he
rather expiated that the notification was tranfinit- I
ted with the view to bury his grievances in oblivion
than to give occafion for frefh ones, which fhould
renew the remembrance of the pall.
6, As the Englifh Court has 'Cited, as the ground
of this notification, that a maritime convention
was in contemplation, it would doubtlefs have all
with more jullice, heed it waited for an official
communication from the Swedifh Court, which it
moll affuredly would, in proper time, have re-
ceived, of a convention, which is confidered in
In odious a point of viev:, as to urge it to an all of
violence againft a Court, whole connedion with
England nothing elfe could have difturbed. As
the difpute betwecnthe Ruffian and Englifb courts,
related to the Wand of Malta, and the declaration
of the Danilli Court referied to the Convention of
1780, the underfigned can fee no juft reafon why
the Swedifh Court, which had given no caufe of
complaint to the Englith, and from which no other
declaration was required than what related to the
note of the Sill of December, which has jolt been
received, fheuld be attacked in fn haftile a manner

before any anfwer lila been given to tie:
tions!:ontained in that note.

a The underfigned, who imparted the comer.;;
of the Note of his Excellency Lord GRENVILLL
his Court, is obliged, in conformity to the orders
of his Matter, to protell, as far as by the prefers,.
Aft he can formally rote% against the embtrp
laid on the Swetlifh (hips, and.all loft or (Linage
that may be thereby occafioned. He demand.; in
the molt forcible and expreffive terms, that in put
fuance of the hipulations of the treaty of i66s, the
embargo may be taken off, the continuance r.:*
which.can no otherwife be confidcred than as a at-
(ivied and premeditated declaration of war (.n
part of England, as well by the detentson of the
convoy, as in refloeft to the affair at Baretkr.a.—
He vines the Erni& Court had conformed to tht.
truth of its affurinces by its aftiuns. in I.l)ich
Isis Court would have been acl-uatdd by corset:
pending fentintents.
The underfigned has the honour, &c.
(Signed) 6, BARON VON ENRIENSWARD."
London, anvary t 7, iglu.
In confequence of this news, all Swedifh (hips
have been flopped from coming to England, alt.l
an embargo has been laid upon all Englifli 1114
found in the Sweddh harbours.