Star.
London, England, 1802-07-02 00:00:00

LICHT-HOUSE IN THE BALTIC.

For tit:. fecui ity of wafting veffels in the. Baltic,
a new Lighthoufe has been ereetcd on the fouthern
Point of'('elder, named Giedfer Odd,. To pre-
ferve the flame Ready in all weathers, it is covered
with a fcaffolding, one fide of which is a wall co-
vered over with a brats plate to increafc the light.
ThisLighthoufe will be fira lighted onAugull
and in future from Eater to Michaelmas, will
burn from one hour after funfet to funs ife ; and
from Michaelmas to Eager from halt an hour
after funlet to funrife. Betides this, a (lake, with
a Black Buoy, has been fet up as a caution againit
the dangerous (boal indelen, which lies S. E. t
E. of the Point of Giedfer, at a diftance of three
quarters of a league off the high bank, in a dired
line wish the white painted tower. When a (hip
failing by perceives the Black Buoy immediately
before the White Tower, it is then in a direet line
with the fhoal, and.in order to be fafe mull hold nil'
a league from the fhore. A (hip failing from Well;
to Eaft efcapes the fhoal when the Buoy is per-
ceived ltanding free from the Weft fide of the
Tower, and on the contrary in coming from
the Eafi, when it is perceived in• like manner free
and difengaged from the Eatt fide of the Tower.

LIGHT HOUSE AT OSTEND.

This Light-houfe is fituated to the north of the
town, fifteen toifes from the bottom of the dyke,
and t to from the extremity of the mole, eaft of
the port. Its elevation above the level of the fea
is 8o feet.

It confiffs of three reverberators inclofed in a
lantern of a hexagonal form, five feet in diameter.
The three faces of which, towards the fta, are
furnithed with glafs, and thole towards the land
with tin plate painted black.

From the 15th of Meffidor next (July 4, 1802.)
it will be kept constantly lighted from (1(v-fall to
fun rice, and in clear weather may be obfcrved by
velrels at lea at the diltance of three leagues.

This Light houfe, which is of great importance,
as it is the only point of diregion in the night-
time between the island of Walcheren and the Pas-
de-Calais, will enable veffels coming from the
north to avoid the coafi, by affording them the
means of appreciating the difiance, and will guide
them in the manoeuvres to be made during the
night to get to the windward of the port of
(Mend.

Between the N. E. five degrees N. and the N.
W. W. of the Light-houfe, and about three
leagues difiance, (hips are abfolutely clear of the
(howls, which in the night-time render the ap.
proach to this port fo dangerous.

On the moll eaftern of thefe fhoals there are no
more than to feet of water at the loweft tides ;
its m weftern point is fituated N. E. five de-,,
grecs N. of the Li ht houfe, at the diftance of
league, and at the diftance cf a league from
the coaft, to the north of Klemfquerque ; it ex-
tends Et. N. E. for the fpace of +.league.
•

The fecond lhoal, which is in the well, and on
which their remains only to feet water at the
loweft tides, has its eaftern point W. N. W. of
the Light houfe, at the &lance of 2t leagu9s,
and N. N. W. of Middelkerque, at tlic diftance
of a league; its direetion is W. S. W. it is a
league in extent, and its diftance from the coati
is if league.

The third bank, called the &room, is diflant
from the coaft about i league ; its eaft point on
which there are (even or eight feet of water, is
N. E. N. of the Light-houfe, at the diftance of
league.

Between this eaft point and the N. W. of the
Light-houfe there are feveral points of the fhoal,
on which there remain only three feet of water ;
and from the N. W. of the Light-houfe, to the
N. of Werthende, the direttion of the wellern ex-
tremity of the lima], there are fix or feven feet of
water; however, N. and S. of Middelkirque veirels
may crofs it in it, 12, and 13 feet of water. The
weliern point of the Strom; is about two thirds of
a league ditlant from the coat.

It is between the land and the Stroom that the
(mall harbour of Oftend is fituated. This har.
boor is narrow. The anchorage is bad in from
18 to ao feet of water.

Large from the &room, and at the diflance of
+ of a league from the coaft lies the great har-
bour of Offend, in 3o or 35 feet water ; the an-
chorage here ought at all times to be preferred to
that of the leiter harbour.

There are to the north of Mend two deep bot-
toms of from Is to 20 feet water. That molt at
large is two leagues diftant from the land. The
nearelt is diftant It league. Between the latter
and the Stroom is the great harbour of Oftend.
Every veil defined for this port, and which
approaches it in the night-time, mull therefore
'Beer large on defcrying the Light-houfe, which
can alone be a proper guide to enable it to get
into port.
Should a perfect knowledge of localities or im-
perious circumilancei induce navigators to ma-
noeuvre, in order to enter Offend in the night-
time, they ought not to attempt to enter till the
two lights are lighted ; they mull then keep them
near each other till they obferve the extremity' cf
, the weftern mole.

The two lights will not ren‘ain lighted but two
hours before and two hours after high water.
One of them is fituated at the falieht angle
of the baftion ; the other oppofite to the gut.-
powder manufaaory; they are not vifible but
from the great harbour, being only 40 feet above
the level of the fee at high water, and having only
a beak of reverberated light inclofed in a lantern
a foot and a half in diameter, to prevent them
from being confounded with the Light-houfe.
N. B. The dillances arc crprefted in leagues of
so to a degree. The foundings are for the loweft
tides, and the bearings are by the compel's. Ihe
declination beinw from 21 to 22 W.

MOW

I

,

LAW INTEL LIG.EnCE.

HOME CUR
r Before the CIID F 1.3.1140 N Mid Mr. 'Conn HOTTIAM.
ii,lttor,llhire--!.lor,tlay, July 26, A liertFltd•
Firer.—Wetilnef,lay, lulv C....!lulitned. •
4t4:111t 2, at Lew A.
K, nt—Weihnf•!3y. 4 molt 4, at Maidllorte.
Surrey—h lesulay, Augutt ), .t dforcl.

READER V. ARMITAGE.

COURT OF KiNo's BENCH, jUNF. see
Mr.ERSKI (hewed cattle a gainll a Rule obtain '
ed by Mr. GI nes, for a Manduntts to the Town
Clerk of B,sitoo to fwear in a Mr. John Sheef to the
office of Common Councilman of that Borough.
It may be reeollaed by our Readers that we !
Rated the affidavits upon which this Rule wan
granted on a tot mer day. They were in fitbtlance
as Follow : That the Corporation confined of a
Mayor, twelve Aldermen, and a Common Coun-
cil. The Mayor and Aldermen eleacd the Com-
mon Council in the following manner: each Alder-
man propoftd whom he thought to be a fit Candi-
date. The Aldermen then eleatd, by ballot, fix
nut of the whole number. Tilde fix, by a (Are.
quent ballot w:re again reduced t.) two, and by the L
La ballot one of thele two was eleeted to the office.
It WAS a fingolar pats sif the coonitution of this 80.
rough, that the Mayor had twit votes, which, with
the twelve Aldermen, made fourteen voices, fit
that ponibly there might be an equality of votes,
which, in WI, took place in the cafe before the :
Court. There being a vacancy in the Common
Council, the Mayor and Al lermen on the tfith of
March !an proceeded to fill it tip in the ulna' man.;
ner. The two Candidates to be chol'en by the ulti-
mate
ballot were a Mr. Sheef, on whole behalf the
application was made, and a Mr. Clarke. Upon a
ballot, they were liven and feven the Mayor and
five Aldctmen on one tide, and (even Aldermen
on the other. This ballot-was repeated twenty-two
times, and dill the ballot was equal. At lan a Mr.
Darner, one of the Aldermen,loß his balloting-ball,
and requefied to have another. He was a friend
of Mr. Sheef, and the other party infilled, that b%
lofing his ball he had 101 l his vote. The Mayor, on
the contrary, Witted that lit ought to have another
ball given to him. This produced a great diffen
tion in the meeting. The Mayor and his friends
refuted to ballot, but the others perfilled, and raid
Ml. Clarke was duly eleaed. On the igth of March
another affembly was held by the Mayor, which
was adjourned until the Both. The Mayor then
infifted that he had diffolved the former affembly
of the 16th of March, and that the prettnt one
was the only one competent to the elation. Mr.
Clarke's friendsinfifted on the contrary-,and moved
the previous question. The Town-Clerk read his
oath of office, by which he was dirated to obey
the majority; he therefore refilled to officiate, upon
which the Mayor appointed another pro 'ampere, and
proceeded to a new eleOinn. And as the balloting.
boxes were inverted by the oppofite party, he polled
the Alderman, and declared Slieef eleaed ; Clarke's
friends denied the legality of the meeting, and re-
futed so vote.
The quettion now came before the Court, which
of the two was duly eleacd ? and a Mandamus
was applies', for to fwear in Sheef.
Mr. ERSKINE and Mr. Wimp, on the part of
the prior eleaion, contended that the affertion of
Mr. Darner that he had 101 l his ball, was a mere
pretext to get another, and give a majority to his
favoured Candidate. They then went through an
• immenfe mars of affidavits, to (hew, that by the
bye laws of the Corporation, the Mayor could not
diffolve the meeting, and that he could not put, nor
propofe any queflion without a content from the ma-
jority, which, in the prefent cafe, was againft him.
Mr. Glass and M. DAMPI ERB argued on the
other fide at confiderable length.
The Court at littt decided it upon a very Pimple
point. They raid, it appeared from the affidavits
on both fides, that an eleflion, by the constitution
of the Borough, mutt be by ballet. The election
ender which Shea claimed was not fit, fince it was
Paid, that as the balloting-boxes were inverted, the
Mayor called upon the Aldermen openly for their
fuffrages. It was certain that he could not change
the conititution of the Borough, which required a
fecret eleelion, and therefore one in any other
mode was a void one. As they were called upon
merely to grant a-Mandamus to fwear in Sheet*,
and his eleaion maidenly not being regular, they
mutt of courfe difcharge the Rule.—Rule
dif-
charged.

This was a cafe from the Northern Circuit. It •
arofe upon a draft for the p..iment of moncy under
the following circumflances : Mr. Armitage, the
Defendant, had been in the habit of taking with
him to Leeds market drafts for the payment of
tradefmen. There drafts were engraved copper-
plates, in ail the formal parts, with blanks for
the names, dates, and fums. The draft in quer-
tior, with others, wasfigned by him, ready to fill
up the blanks, and wasloft out of his pocket. The
pct fon who found it filled up the blanks, and made
it payable to a James Smith, and elitionnted it
with the Plaintiffs under that name. The Plaintiff
did not know the perlon who difcounted it with
him, but as lie' knew the hand-writing of Mr. Ar-
mitage. and Aft) knew the copper-plate of his draft
be readily dilcounted it. The Defendant, however,
refuted payment on the ground that the body of
the draft was a forgery.
The Court were clearly of opinion that it was a
forgery, of as the Connie.' for the Plaintiff Mailed
-that there was no proof the draft was not in the fame
late when Mr. Armitage 101 l it from his pocket,
Lord LLLEsaosoucw (Arlo-veil, it was a mif-
chievoit thing that perfons Ihould carry blank
drafts, ready iigned, in the manner the Defendant
ILO done—if they happened to be loft, it was a
temptation to the finder to commit forgery. He
fltotild not he lorry if the
_Pry, in afubfequent trial,
should End for the Plaiatiff.—New trial granted.
THUASDAY, JULY 1., •
THS RING V. THORN AND OTHERS.
Mr. ERsIC I% F. laid, he was to (hew cattle againft
a rule obtained by Mr. Garrow, calling on Peter
Thorn. Thomas Kentiflt, and Robert Walter, to

Peter Thorn, was the Churchwarden of the parilh
of Ealing, in the county of Middlefex ; the other
wo were mere officers, acting as conflables under
him ; for which condua, if it had been truly Rated,
it would have been impoilible for him to Wily,
or indeed to addrefs the Coon on behalf of the de-
fend.trits. for it was Rated to be brutal and inhu-
man. They were charged with this inhumanity
in their eoliths.% in the removal of a pauper of the
name of Norris, vein was removed by the order
of .he Jollices, from the parilh of Ealing to the
parilh of Dunmow, in the county of Mex. The
statement of this cafe to the Court, when this rule
was moved for, was made by his Learned Friend,
Mr. Garrow, and when he moved for this rule,
every body who heard him, and Mr. Erfkine faid,
himeelf not lets than .others, was very much af-
feded, and the fads Rated in the affidavit were
unquestionably filch as called tor the invelligation
of the Court, and called on the defendants for a
very particular anfwer, and an explicit juilification.
of their conduct. This rule was obtained on the
affidavits of feveral perfons, Rating, that the un-
fortunate perfiln, the pauper, removed in this cafe,
was alto a lunatic; a vagrant in the parilli of Eal-
ing. The affidavits were thofe of Samuel Taylor,
and Edmund Bingham, and others. They Rated,
that in the evening of the 3oth of March lag, this
unfortunate perfon was removed; that they put
him into a cart covered with a blanket, in a mile-
rabic condition, with ulcers, and fo difeafed as that
he could not be removed without danger to his life;
and then the affidavits Rated, that when the de-
fendants had taken the pauper to Well Ham, about
ten miles from Ealing, it was need:try to take
him out, and that he had alma expired before he
was lodged in the poor honk; that though he had
recovered considerably, Rill he was fo ill as not to
he able to be carried on to Dunmow, and that the
Beadle who brought him being asked why he had
been removed in fuch a flocking fituation, replied,
that the expences then amounted to 191.85. and that
the parilh was anxious to get quit of him before
they came up to 201. when there would be an ap.
peal to the parilh. There was alto the affidavit of
one John Norris, who was the, brother of the pau-
per : his affidavit preffed chiefly againft the defen-
dant Thorn, the Churchwarden. This deponent
defeat(' the condition of his brother, who was
removed from the parilh of Ealing in the county
of Middlefex, to Dunmow, in the county of Ef-
fex, the diflance of 5o miles. He Rated in his
affidavit, that he applied to the defendant Peter
Thorn, Rating the deplorable condition of the
pauper, and laying to him, that he had no idea of
that condition. and could not have it, without
Peeing him ; but that the faid Peter Thorn refuted
to do fo, faying, " that Wis not necelfary," &c.
and then, for the purpofe of affeding the other
two defendants, he Rated feveral expreffions made'
ufe of by Kentifh, as if they all wanted to get rid
of the pauper, without any care for the inhuma-
nity with which that purpofe was to be accom-
plilhed. Now,before he proceeded further,he would
admit, that this was cafe enough to call on the
Court to grant this information, unlefs it appeared'
that the criminality of the defendants was well
denied ; but if the Court faw, on the face of the
matter as it Rood before them, on the whole of
the affidavits, that if the information was granted,
and the parties were to come before a Jury upon
it, that then a Judge would be bound to advife a
Jury to acquit the defendants, then the Court
would refute to grant this information, becaufe,
in firth a cafe, it would be only putting the party,.
unneceirarily, upon trial. He faid, he did not
know that he fhould injure his client, if he lament-
ed that this unfortunate man was removed at all,
and that the purpofes of humanity might have
been better anfwered,by letting him remain where
he was; but he trailed the Court would fee that
the defendant Thorn had not been inattentive to
his duty in this refped. In the &II place, he had
din affidavit of Frederic Afhton, who gave an ac-
count of the manner in which the lunatic pauper
came under the care of Thorn, and Rated alto that
Thorn had given directions that the pauper fhould
be treated with all poffible humanity. Then came
the affidavit of a perfon of the name of Thomas
Julian, who was Vary Clerk of the parilh of
Ealing, and alfo Clerk to the Jußices, who made
the order of removal, who met every Monday at
the Star and Garter, in that parilh, for the pur-
pofes of public bulinefs. This perfon wrote a let-
ter on behalf of the parilh of Ealing to the Parifh
Veftry Clerk of Dunmow, in Effex, Rating, " that
they had a vagrant, who was to be removed to
that parish, and wishing to know if they would
receive him, or if they thought it better that, as
he was a lunatic, they would take him to tome fit
place in London, defiring direhions, in this refped,
from the parilh of Dunmow ?" upon which the
anfwer was, " that they apprehended the pauper
did not belong to Dunmow, and that, therefore,
they would not have any thing to do with that
pauper." Julian wrote anothet letter to the offi-
cers of Dunmow, defiring to know the grounds
on which they contended the pauper did not be-
long to them? upon which the anfwer was, "that
they declined making any communication in that
particular ;" and therefore it was refolved to re-
move the pauper by order of the Juftices. Mr.
Erikine faid, it was to be lamented that this fort
of coquetry fhould be obferved between parithes
on thefe solemn occasion:, and wished that in fu-
ture parilh Officers would drop this nonfenfe, and
attend to the fair dealing and fubflance of things,
for that was the courfe which was bell adapted to
the purpofes of humanity; but the queftion here
was, whether there was any criminality in theft
defendants? or, whether there was that fufpicion
which made the matterextremely doubtfulwhether
there was criminality or not? that is, whether
they knew that this pauper was too ill to be re-
moved? Now it appeared, that the pauper was
then, and had long before been, attended by a
Surgeon appointed by the Veßry for that purpofe,
and that this Surgeon had given it as his opinion,
that the pauper was improved in health, and that,
at the time of his removal, he was fit to be re-
moved, and that he gave that opinion to the De-
fendant Thorn, and wrote that opinion out, and
A.Cswarl ;e ho (Avon tn the Maviarates, he not

bufinefs. which called him, at this time, to anoth,r
place. On which it was refolved by Thorn, that
the Pauper thnuld be removed.
Mr. Rickards, the Surgeon and Apothecary.
who was thus alluded to, and on whole opinion of
the Rate of the Paupee:health, he was removed,
confirmed all thefe fads as to his appointment, his
attendance on the Pauper, &c. and of his being of
opinion then, and of his being of opinion now, that
the pauper was in a Rate of health which made
him fit to be removed, and of his having given that
opinion to the defendant Thorn, and allot having
written the fame opinion to the Juftices. That his
chief diforder was a Mania, which was not at all
fuch a complaint as to make a removal of him
dangerous, &c.
All the Defendants politively denied any evil
motives whatever, in what they did, and declared
themfelves to have been guided only by a fenfe of
their duty ; and it was pofitively fworn by Thorn,
that he was guided entirely by the opinion of the
Surgeon, as to the Rate of the pauper, and of his
beinto fit to be removed.
Mr. Desoto c then fail, he knew that mere
denial of wicked motives would not do, whilft
fads from whence fuch motives Inull be inferred
were left (landing, but here all the fads whence
wicked motives could be inferred, were either de-
nied, or fo explained as to leave no criminality
attaching to them. He knew how ready the
Judges mutt be to lend attention to cafes which
involved queaions rt humanity ; but he fubmitted,
that tales of this kind might be exaggerated, and
that, fometimes, froth the bell motives, fince men't
judgments might be overpowered by their feeling.
and by which they were led to over•colour thofe
things which brought with them charges of •inlitt.
moony. Such, he fubmitted, had been the cafe
here, althnoph he did not. complain of it. He
really withed to know what the defendant Thorn
could do, more than to troll to the judgment of the
Medical Man who attended this pauper (a man
appointed by the parifh, and not by the defendant,
and upon whole condo& there was no imputation).
Suppole any one of their Lorditips was to enter one
of our Hofpitals, might he not be deceived in the
appearances of the patients ? Molt undoubtedly he
might, for there were many difeafes the appearance
of which reminded us of death, which neverthelefs
were not dangerous : there were others, in which
the appearance :o any but a medical perfon, was
fafe, and yet would loon be terminated by death—
in all which cafes, mankind in general, public Offi-
cers in particular, could do no other than abide by
the opinion of medical perfons. There were Tome
other affidavits which gave the defendant Thorn
an high charader for humanity in general, &c. as
to the other Defendants, they were agents in this
bufinefs, and only obeyed the orders of the Jullice,
and aged under the authority of Thorn. For thefe
reafons he fubmitted that the Court would dif.
charge this Rule.
Mr. °ARROW fubmitted to the Court, that in
point of fad, this pauper was in the Rate defcribed
by the affidavit for the profecution in this cafe.—
That he could not have been removed without im-
minent danger of his life : that the defendant
'Thorn mull have known this, had he but conde-
Ifcended to have looked at this unhappy and help-
I lets fellow creature : that inftead of taking any
body's word, this Church Warden ought to have
gone to fee, and judge with his own fences of the
Rate and condition of this poor creature, whom
PROVIDENCE had put under his care. He regarded
this as a meafure too much of courfe, underParith
Regulations, where humanity, as well as food, is
adminillered by contract ; and, he trufted, there
would be a little more attention paid to thofe mat-
ters in future. _ _

Another Learned Gentleman (poke on the fame
fide ; N.:tiled in high terms the humanity of the
Eire: Magitlrates who had inftituted this profe-
cution, and erprek ed a hope that whatever might
be the fate of it, it might have the happy effeEt to
deter the Defendants from fimilar cruelties for the
reit of their lives.

Lord ELLENBOROUGN raid, that this was cer-
tainly a queftion in which Gentlemen were Perfectly
jullified- in bringing it before the Court for confi•
deration it was interefling to the feelings of hu-
manity, and involved matters connected with the
interefts of the poor. Yet, admitting to the fulleft
extent, thcfe points, and that the pauper ought
nor to have been removed, the queftion, even then,
would be, whether there Officers referred to the
advice of the medical man who was appointed for
the purpofe of attending to there cafes, and to give
his opinion on them, and aged in conformity to
that advice ? And it appeared that the Surgeon had
given it as his opinion, the pauper was in a Rate fit
to be removed ; and there was no charge that
thefe Defendants and the Surgeon were in a con.
'fpiracy together. If, indeed, that should turn out
to be the cafe, it would aggravate the guilt of all
the parties,in the event of this matterbeing quaihed
by an indictment ; but there was nothing before
the Court to make that a matter of inference: here

it appeared that Thorn aged Iwo fuk and accord-
ing to the advice of this medical man, and there-
fore his Lordfhip faid, that although he should
have gone to fee the pauper himfelf, inflead of
refling on the opinion of any other perfon, Rill
there was nothing criminal in trolling to the
opinion of another, appointed for the exprefs pur-
pofe of examining the cafe in fuch a way as to
qualify hinifelf to form a cornet opinion. In the
abfence of evidence of any confpiracy, or of any
culpable negligence, and under an impreflion that
another courfe was open to the Profecutors, his
Lordthip was of opinion, that the Court was not
called upon, in this cafe, to exercife its power in
the extraordinary manner required by this motion,
and that therefore, this Rnle ought to be dif-
charged.
The other Judges were of the fame opinion, and
therefore the Rule was difcharged.
• ' JUDGMENTS.
Mr. Spurling, of Tottenham, conviCted of an
affitult on a Mr. Wyburd, was .brought up for
judgment, but the prnfecutor demanded time to
anfwer an affidavit he put in. The Court were
about to impofe a fine of 6s. Bd. upon him. He
was remanded. . .

for having *franked Samuel ,Davey, an Officer o
Excifc, in the cxecuzion ,of his duty, mar Pent.
broke. The PTOrf CUM,' was em!eavom it gto t; ize
a quantity of falt, %%hick c refcrdart scat rt n.
veying on a hoile alien was aflitilltcti 1,3 },in
He now rut in an aff.davit, "cxr,,frEg Lis feet,
for the offence, and flitting / is having 4 laye
family dependent on his labours for fill rt.rt,
promifing, that if the Cettrt it their mercy would
pats a flight runiftn ent, he v.ould, rut fttirg
an horell courfe of life, atrr.c ft r I.is ct
The Court, after ,en-crifliing the Pere' &tit on
his ill conduct, and with tefpc& to his future war
of life; 'ccnfented to take his own recogn;t3nce to
appear when called on for judgment, and he was
then difcharged.