Star.
London, England, 1825-09-27 00:00:00

no less is it an act of justice to the f oesight tm.l libe-
rality of the highly-gifted individual to whose imme-
diate etre the Finances of the Nation are entrusted,
that, the meed of gratitude should to,hirts also be (Feely
awarded ; because, while it is his peculiar and arduotii
provinceto provide for the ordinary expenditure of the
day, he bad the courage to 'emit duties to an immense
amount, which were levied by the it ksome and galling
method of direct taxation ; trusting fearlessly to the
energies of the enterprising and intelligent commercial
yeaple of England for replenishing the Exchequer, by
the never-failing resources of trade, when freed froM
the ancient obstructions by which it had for so many
ages been hedged in. It is no part of our purpo,e to
ent:ngle ourselves or our Readers in the itlexplicable
mazes of politiCal emnomy—a sec of doctrines which,
in modern days, has been dignified with the name cf
a science, while, with matchless inconsistency, its pro-
fessors are not even agreed among themselves in its first
elementary principles or definitions; not one of them
having as yet passed therms asinorte»t of their favoar he
study. To those worthy Gentlemen we leave the pitchy
darkness of their fog-bestrit ken theories, which we would
as soon explote as the bottomless pit of anetaphysi6, and
content ourselves with one well-established maxim—that
he is the greatest promoter of trade who lets it alone.
All deviations from this simple rule of conduct are but
so many exceptions—lesser evils to avoid the greater
one of sudden and daring changes. Inssmuch, there-
fore, as Ministers have cummenced a systematic course
of emancipating our fore;gn and domestic commerce
from the trammels rf darker ages, we hail, with plea-
sure, the first fruit of their manly efforts, believing that
it is as yet only the Aurora which is de-tined to usher
in the splendid orb by whose vivifying brains our na-
tional prosperity shall, wider PROVIDENCE, as far sur.
pass its present pitch of grandeur, as it has already
surpassed those of the most favoured regions of the
earth, whether of ancient or modern times.

By the arrival of a Mail from Buenos Ayres this
forenoon, we have received a file of the Argots to the
21st of July. One of these papers contains the report
of Senor Aouarto to the Chamber of Representatives,
in.e.e sitting of the 4th of July, on the aggressions of
Brazil; and states that the executive is charged to en-
quire and report to Congress the season why the line
of the Uraguay was not strengthened when the insur-
rection broke out in the Banda Oriental, so us to in-
spire their enemies with respect, and the people with
confidence? The Report, or " Project of Communi-
cation," as it is called, states that—
" The Congress is resolved to make all the efforts in
its power, and to requite from the people the greatest
sacrifices to maintain the national honour and dignity."
The Congress approved of this communication.
Should) however, the provinces of Rio de la Plata
be involved in a war with Brazil, they must look more
to the dissentions in the latter country and to..the aid
of the other Republics, titan to their own resources,
which are feeble at present. A decree has been issued
by the War Department of Buenos Ayres, inviting
all citizens who are bound to defend the liberty and
independence of the country to enrol themselves volun-
tarily. Persons enlisting for the limited service of two
years are to receive forty dollars bounty, wills the same
pay and clothing as the rest of the army.
The Argus of the 16th of July, contains a long cor-
respondence between the Brazilian Admiral Loao, and
Senor de GARCIA, the Minister for Foreign Affrirs, in
which the latter denies the imputation that the Go-
vernment of Buenos Ayres had caused the insurrection
in the Banda Oriental.

It will be seen from these papers, that Brazil has al-
most inevitably involved herself in a war with Peru.
The insolent note of the Portuguese
.General who had
seized on the province of Chiquitos, meets with 'a
spirited answer from the victorious General Smart, the
hero of Ayacucho. General Don MAacos BALCAREZ,
is appointed Minister of War and the Marine, in the
room of General SANTA Cauz.

The following Are extracts from the Argus :
BUENOS AYRES, JULY 6.
FROM THE ARGUS.

CHAMBER OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE NATION.

In the sitting of the 4th, M. Aguero introduced the following
Project of Cionsolosicalans :
" By a message of the 9th May, the Government of Buenos Ayres,
provisionally charged with the executive power, informed the Con-
gress that war had unexpectedly broken out in the Banda Oriental
of the Rio de la Plata, and this gave rise to the law of the 11th of
the same month, by which, as a precaution against the events that
might ensue, it was ordered, that the hue of the Uruguay should be
sufficiently reinforced; to which effect, the same law prescribed the
measures that were considered proper in our present situation.
Subsequently the Congress has been informed, though not officially,
that the excelleut General, the deliverer of Peru, Antonio Sucre,
has informed the Executive Power, that the troops of the Emperor
of Brazil have invaded and occupied the lirovirice of Chiquitos,
in Upper Peru; and, lastly, it has heard the reports which begin
to be spread, of the iusults offered to our national flag, by the naval
forces of the empire.
" These facts, as they have excited agitation in the mind of the
public, cannot fail to affect also, and to alarm, the representatives of
the nation. They could not but immediately perceive the con-
sequences which such events might produce against the security,
the defence, the integrity of the territory of the State. The
Chamber has felt the vast responsibility which lies upon the
Representatives, in whose hinds the provinces of the union have
placed their future destiny. It feels also the delicacy of its position,
and the Necessity of proceeding with indefatigable activity, and with
a prudent foresight of the events which may arise from those which
are row just beginning to develope themselves.
Induced by these just considerations, the Congress has agreed
that the Executive Power shaU inform it, without losing a moment,
not only respecting the existence and reality of these facts, but also
of the measures which it may have adopted in consequence. Above
all, it desires to be particularly informed respecting the eitcum-
stances of this war, which, without the knowledge of the Supreme
Authority, has been kindled in the Oriental Province; and as the
law of the 11 th of May was dictated in prospect of the results
which it might produce in the other Provinces, it has agreed that
the Executive Power shall especially acquaint it with what has
been done to give to that law its due effect ; of the difficulties
which may have prevented the line of the Uragnay from being
strengthened, so as to inspire our enemies with respect, and our
people with confidence; and that lastly, it shall propose the mea-
sures which it shall judge necessary to remove those obstacles
which, if they are not overcome, endanger the fate of the State.
With the understanding that the Congress is resolved to make all
the efforts in its power, and to require from the people the greatest
.sictifices to maintain the national honour and dignity, which, by j