Star.
London, England, 1831-04-05 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR.

Sta—As I informed you hurriedly yesterday, the
" stern path of duty" has commenced here, by the dismissal
of Odilon Barrot and De Laborde, from the Council of State,
and Messrs. Stourn and Lebreton of the Tribunal of Premier
Inatance,for having signed the National Associations. This has
taken every one by surprize. The Moniteur contained
their dismissal; and although it gave no reason why, the
signing is the ostensible cause. To-day, the Moniteur
proves that the Government is in earnest, for it contains
the dismissal of M. Lanjuinais, also attached to the tribunal
of Premier Instance—his dismissal proceeds from the same
cause. It is generally thought here, that this persecution
does harm ; and that the more the Government interferes,
the more the Societies will increase. At present the Journals
are filled with the names of the Subscribers, and an Asso-
ciation has sprung up in every Department of France. In
my next letter, I will give you some information on this
subject, which 1 cannot enter into to-day, for want of time.
The panic of the Bourse continued yesterday—the 5 per

cents. leaving off at 75 francs, and the 3 per cents. at 46
francs. I, however, consider that it would be a good specu-
lation to purchase French rentes ; for I am acquainted with a
person attached to the Government who has been purchasing
largely within these few days. He assures me that the Go-
vernment have the greatest confidence in maintaining peace ;
and that the Austrians will evacuate Bologna, in conse-
quence of the diplomatic note sent to the Cabinet of Vienna.

There is little news from Poland ; but yesterday I was
favoured with the perusal of a private letter from Warsaw to
a Pole in this city, which gives a most deplorable account of
the state of the Russian army. The whole of their cavalry
is dismounted. from the death of all their horses, and nearly
the half of the army is destroyed. This is not attributed to
any fault of Diebitsch ; but in consequence of the thaw com-
mencing a mouth before the usual time ; which has just had
the same effect on the Russian army, as the contrary had
on the campaign of Napoleon, when the cold set
in a month earlier than usual. The Poles consider,
from this fortunate circumstance, that they are especially
under the protection of Providence ; and this feeling adds
greatly to their enthusiasm. I should have been much
pleased to have sent you a copy of the letter for insertion,
but could not obtain permission. The contents, however,
are most cheering to the Polish cause.
All has remained tranquil since the reign of the new

ministry, and, I trust, will continue so. 1 should be
sorry to see the military carrying the " red flag," to
quell any tumult. This, I understand, will be the cue,
should any arise ; and if the people do not disperse
after the third summons, they will be fired upon. One of
the Bas-reliefs, representing NAPOLEON, in the Austrian
campaign, has been placed upon the triumphal arch ; and
workmen are busy in placing up the others. I forward a
mass of papers, for your further information ; and I remain,
Yours, &c.

EXTRACTS FROM THE JOURNALS,
RECEIVED THIS DAY.

J. L.

For the last two days alarming reports have been propa-
gated with a culpable activity, and received with too much
confidence, that the frank explanations of Ministers had
not put them on their guard against all surprise. They
have persisted in repeating and believing that other news,
than that which has been published by the Government, has
arrived at Paris ; and that the chances of the maintenance
of peace appears to be diminished. The Government has
disguised nothing. In such grave matters, it considers it
to be its duty to speak without reserve. Nothing has changed
the state of things since the declarations which it had occa-
sion to make at the t, ibune, and which sufficiently indicated
that it was ready to give explanations and replies to the ques-
tions put. The country knows then at this moment as much
as the Government; and we cannot too much guard the public
against the alarms which malevolence and cupidity would
disseminate. We can assure every one, that if any event
should arise to change gravely our situation, the Government
will hasten to make it public. Its silence may always be
taken as a pledge of security : the interested are too easily
the dupes of this panic, and we regret that they should also
be the victims.—Le Moniteur.

It appears nearly certain that the amendments of the
Chamber of Peers on the Electoral Law will not be adopted
by the Chamber of Deputies. It is said that the majority
has pronounced beforehand against the alterations made in
that law. We shall be happy to learn that that hope is
realized. —Constitutionnel.

The National demands that the King of the French shall
cease to be called Bourbon, in order that the paragraph of
the acts of the association, relative to the exclusion of the
Bourbons, shall not be interpreted against the younger
branch. We find in this the character of the revolutionary
spirit, which never doubts of having power to change the na-
ture of things by the acts of human will. We demand to
know whether the King of the French, and all his family,
would cease to be Bourbons, because a decree had declared
them so ? The ties of family, like the ties of country, are
facts above the will of party ; and the members of the family
of Orleans can no more cease to be Bourbons, than the Bour-
bons of the elder branch can cease to be Frenchmen.—
Gazette de France.

The Moniteur of this day contains the dismissal of seve-
ral of those who have signed the acts of the national associ-
ations. A journal, which passes for having some commu-
nication with the Paleis-Royal, gave us reason to hope,
yesterday, that the explanations of the members of the
opposition would satisfy the ministry, and that they
would abandon the associations to themselves ; and we
were willing to persuade ourselves, that they would ab-
stain from proceedings of rigour. The honourable mem-
bers, who had subscribed to the associations, had declared
that their intention was not to establish a state with-
in a state, but powerfully to aid the government
in case of Foreign invasion. We must believe them, in re-
calling the happy efforts of the most eminent amongst
them, to establish actual political order, the disinterested-
ness—the abrogation of exclusive theories—which they dis-
played in such trying circumstances ; and we should have
liked well to have seen harmony established between
power and the men, to whom are attached an energetic
part of the population. But it must be avowed, after
the rupture which bad burst out in the bosom
of the Assembly, and the defiance carried to the
President of the Council, that such a result was to
be expected ; and M. Odilon Barrot himself appeared
impatient to see broken the last link which attached him to
the Administration. The Ministers had addressed circulars

; .

to their subordinates ; they required from them complete con-
currence—confidence without reserve ; and they summoned
them to decide between the Government of the King and
the Associations. To be consistent, they must dismiss
those who had oot renounced these last engagements.—
M. Casimir Perier bad announced that he intended to
chew vigour—a firm mode of acting—and that he
would maintain the union of Government. He would,
perhaps, have deceived the expectation of his friends,
had he flinched in this circumstance. Will the system he
has adopted answer to the wishes of France ? Was it right
to repudiate the principles of men whose voices had been so
powerful for the people in the first days of August ? The
nation will soon pronounce on these questions, if the Cham-
ber of Deputies is firm to the part which was destined for it
in the electoral operations, and which the Chamber of Peers
endeavoured to reduce.—Messager des Chanares
CAIIBRAY. APRIL 2.—War ! War I That is the lan.
guage of all the Paris Journals. In fact, there is no longer
a doubt that war is imminent and inevitable. As a new
proof, we mention that an immense quantity of grain is pro-
viding for this place. Ammunition daily arrives, and the
works of our fortifications are hastening. War squadrons
are formed in our Ist regiment of Carabineers. They will
be reviewed to-morrow, fully mounted and equipped, and
ready to march at a moment's notice.—Saturday's Gazette
of Cambray.

FRANCE, BELGIUM, AND LUXEMBOURGH.

The occupation of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, by the Gee.
manic Diet, will be in opposition to the principles which that Diet has
manifested until now. Since the revolution of July, the people of the
Duchy of Brunswick chased the Duke, who oppressed the people, and
who violated the constitution of the country ; the people named a Regent.
The Duke of Brunswick, Member of the Germanic Diet, claimed the
succour of the Diet; it refused to re-instate him s it recognised the
principle of non-intervention and the sovereignty of the people, by
recognising the Regent of the Duchy of Brunswick. The people
of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, who for ages have belonged to
the Belgian people, chased, in concert with the other Belgian provinces,
the King of Holland. who oppressed the people, and who violated the
Constitution. The Belgians have named a Regent who has, relative to
the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, entered into the rights of the King
of Holland ; he is; for the province of Luxembourg, member of the
Germanic Diet, like the Regent of the Duchy of Brunswick. The
liermanic Diet will be in opposition with these principles, if they are
not recognised by the sovereignty of the people of Luxembourg,
just as they have recognised those of the people of Bruns.
wick. The honour, as well as the safety, of France,
requires that she should support the Belgians in the possession of
Luxembourg and Limbourg. France refused the Crown of Belgium
for the Duke of Nemours ; but she said to the Belgians ; " I will
support you in your actual limits." The honour of France requires
that she should keep her word—that she should support the principle of

non-intervention in Belgium. The safety of France requires that
Luxembourg and Limbourg should remain to Belgium. The se-
paration of Luxembourg from Belgium exposes the frontiers of
France. The positions of the Nleume and of the Queich, upon the left
bank of the Rhine, are not tenable, if Luxembourg does not
belong to Belgium. Should that province be detached from
Belgium, in opposition to the principles of the sovereignty of the peo-
ple, of non-intervention, and to the most sacred rights which ream-
elk it to Belgium, it would be an affront to France. The question of
Luxembourg is much more important to France than that of Italy. We
shall see whether 11. Casimir Peeler will support the honour and safety
of France, or whether his ministry is a ministry of peace at any price.
If the French ministry pronounce with energy, no Prince of the Germanic
Diet will consent to make war, to assure Luxembourg to Holland, to
defend a cause so unjust, which will undoubtedly had to their ruin, and
which cannot render to the German people therighta which they have
lost since the fall of the Imperial House of Hohenstaufen, by • high
aristocracy, which is rendered sovereign at the expense of the people and
the German empire.—Le (*wrier Francais.

SWITZERLAND.
Lausertars, 1161 CH 29.—Yesterday the military corps of students,
completely armed and equipped, received the federal-coloured flag,
which the ladies of this town bad embroidered for them. The Swiss
students have every where pit pared to act in concert in defence of their
country. The Berne Commission appointed to regulate their new con.
atitution have agreed upon a project consisting of ten articles, which
will destroy the pre-existing aristocratic preponderance. The 6th ar-
ticle says, that all citizens of the republic of Berne shall be equal in the
eye of the law; the 7th, that all privileges of place, birth, of perton,
and family, are for ever abolished. No citizen can serve his country in
virtue of titles of nobility.

ITALY.

The Austrian, occupy Forli, and their advanced guard is at Cooco.
Cardinal Oppinoni arrived on the 22d of March at Bologna : he has
taken the reins of government in the name of the Holy Father. The
French brig of war, Assam, has entered Civics- Vecchia, to protect
French property.

On the 24th there wu a combat near Fotli. The patriots, after
having lost a great number of men, retreated towards Ancona. The
Imperial troops have entered into Castel.SamPietro, and Farb. Our
Gazette, which does not speak of the combat, announces only that
the Patriots are in Right, and that the Austrians have entered
into the two cities above named, in the midst of the applatto
of the population, fatigued with anarchy. They speak now of anarchy,
and notwithstanding it is certain that, whilst the National Government
lasted, there was not a single tumult ; and with the exception of Cardi•
nal Benvenuti, no person has been arrested by order of the Government.
The Italian patriots entered during the night of the 21st at Ilium, and
raised the National Standard. The Austrians pushed on by forced
marches, and the patriots have gained the mountains. Gen. Frimout
left on the 26th fur Pori', where he will establish his headquarters.

In the districts where liberty had been 'proclaimed, and into which
the Ausuians hays penetrated, they have established prevotal courts and
unlimited military commissions. The Duke of Modena seeks to seise
upon all the rebels of his state who had fled. We are assured that the
Grand Duke of Tuscany lends himself to his designs, and that elevm
Moth ner.e patriots were seised at Pietra Santa, in Tuscany, while
endeavouring to pass by Madrona to embark for France. They had
money

and bills of exchange upon Marseilles. At Leghorn the
police of the fort are very severe, and it is almost impossible that ant
Patriots can embark from thence. Many have already been mated
there, and escorted back to the States from which they came. We see
encumbered with troops, but they say that all our garrisons will be
removed on the Ist of April, for that military men, who remain long
in a city like Turin, form local acquaintances, and our Government
wish they should only know the order and the will of the Sovereign.

It is certain that the Austrians entered Bologna on the 21st of Mara.
and not on the 20th, as was announced at the Tribune by the Presi-
dent of the CounciL We understand also, that news bas been received
this day, at Paris, of the arrival of a division of the army of General
Primont at Florence, which is directing itself upon Rome. Thin tits
Austrians not only occupy a part of Romagna, but also Tuscany, .aod
they are in march towards the capital of the Christian world. We comet
understand bow this can be reconciled with the principle of non.inser•
Tendon. Tbe :liberal Italian [army, under the orders of the boos
General Zuechi, should have established its head.quazten at
Forli, and it would thus have occupied a part of the Pontifical States
between the Adriatic and the Apennines, comprising Anoxia. No
doubt diplomacy will make many efforts to seduce the Italian poll"
but they will know bow to defend themselves from persnasions which
seek to entiap them; they will not leas sight of the example of the
Belgians, and especially the example of the Poles. A report is qua
this evening, that the telegraph of Lyons has announced the death of
the King of Sardinia.—Lo Coastitalloonsei.
The Gazette of Bologna, of the 22d. contains a proclamation of the
Podesta, which names a provisionary government, in consequence of
the retreat of the insurrectionary government, and which invites the in-
habitants to receive no friends the Austrian corps which will =IVY
11 their city, for the restoration of the legitimate power of

Pope. This Gazette contains also a proclamation from Gene-
ral Frimont, Count Appodocclo, addressed to the subjects of
his Holiness. They are informed that His Holiness having
demanded succours hom His Imperial Majesty, Royal and
Apostolic, to re-establish order and tranquility in this part of the
Pontifical States, where evil-intentioned persons had usurped the
legitimate Government, be (General Frimont) was on the eveof entering
their city, with the troops put at his disposal, to re-establish order.
The Holy Father, in fact, having uselessly employed ways of mild-
ness, and not having been able to recal them to submission, warned the
inhabi►ants that these troops would preserve the most exact discipline,
and he hoped that they would render them all the succour possible.—
Corefis de France.