Star.
London, England, 1830-10-08 00:00:00

COLDS COUGHS. ASTHMAS, &c.

BUTLER'S PECTORAL ELIXI R Experience has
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are accompanied with Cough, Spitting of Blood, and other serious
symptoms.
Sold in Bottles, at is. lid. and 2s. 9d. by Messrs.Butten, Chemists,
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and Co. 17, Cockspur-street ; Windus, 61, Bishopsgate Without;
Chalk, 47, Minories; Easum, 27, Aldgate ; Odling, 159, Borough ;
and at Lockyer's Magnesia Warehouse, 237, Tottenham Court-road.
Of whom may be had, BUTLER'S BALSAMIC LOZENGES,
used in recent Comma, Ho/m/less, &c. and for rendering the Voice
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N.B. Ask for BUTLER'S Pscronakz. Emit.

New and Improved F.ditions.
GOSS'S WORKS.
Twentieth Edition, 51. each.

I.THE EGIS OF LIFE.—
Hominem pagina rostra unit.
" Our page relates to man."--Maarut.
A Non-Medical Commentary on the indiscretions arising from
Human Frailty, in which the nature, symptoms :and baneful effects of
Self-abuse, Intemperance, and libertinism, are fully developed ;
With Practical Observations on Sexual Debility and Mental lain,. '
don, with some interesting Observations on Vegetable and Animal
Life ; in Part 11. la a Series of Cases illustrative of the preceding sub-
jects. explaining them in a familiar manner.
By GOSS and Co. Consulting Surgeons, London.
" Natures beatie
Omnibus ease dedit, si yds cognoverit utL"—Cl.aunsur.
• Since Heaven to all the fend of bliss supplies,
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Is THE SYPHILIST, a Familiar Treatise an Disorders arising
from Lon Venerea, Gonorrhea, Stricture, &c. with a variety of
remarks occurring in a most extensive practice, each Section explained
by cam.
S. HYG EIAN A, a Non-dledical Analysis of some Complaints in-
cidental to Females, u Leneorrbrea Nervous Irritation. Etc. in which
are offered some important admonitions on the peculiar debilities at-
tending (belt circumstances, sympathies, and formation. The subject
of Sterility is especially dwelt upon. Interesting and important cases
Illustrate the subject.
" Quo lugit Venus? Heu ! quove color decens?"
Hor. Lib. 4, 0t1.19.

" Whither flies Love ? Ah! where the charming bloom?"
The above may be bad of Sherwood, and Co. Paternoster-row,
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GOSS and Co. M. R. C. Surgeons, No. 11. Bounds-street,
Flat-seat, London.

TAE ACME, on, NONPAREIL ROYAL PATENT
METAL.STUDDED BOOTS AND SHOES.
11, Ginspor Street, if Smith/lead.
Tuxx—Gee o Dobbin.
IHE sons of old Crispin are all up in fermi,
The state of their trade has caused such alarms ;
Come attend to my song, the reason I'll tell,
'Tis the New Patent STUDDED Shoes, called Nonparty&
Chorus—So have your Shoes STUDDED
With the New Nonpareil.
So fimily they're made, and so well put together,
The workmanship good, and the best of all leather ;
With STEEL-STUDDED Soles—not Cocker could tell
What miles you might walk in the real Nunparoil.
Their utility, comfort, and ease will be found
Every time that you set your feet down to the gmond ;
Neither metal heels, tips, nails, nor sparables
Because they won't wear like the Studs NonpareiL
As the trade have determined to binder the sale,
I'll tell you the shop—where those shoes they retail,
At 11, in GILTSPUA STREET, LONDON, they sell
The Acme of Boots and Shoes, called Nonpareil.
The Acme's famed shop may be easily found,
By the large lots of customers daily around ;
' ris at Number Ez.twxx—remember it well,
And the next 'hoes you buy, get the new Nonpareil.
There Pedestrians of every description you'll find,
And Carmen and (Cashman choose out the strong kind
While fitting them on, the great merits they tell
Of the pour man's supporters, the real Nonpareil.
Bankers' Clerks, and great walkers of every degree, genteel professions, we constantly !la;
Men of letters. the Postmen, who wittily tell
That the best under-atanding is a good Nonpareil.
There Ladies and Gentlemen, too, may he found
Who quadrille, waltz, and dance in the gallopade round
And so smart are they made that the most dashing belle
Fits her foot to the shape of a neat Nonpareil.
Since the quick " March of intellect" now is the pla
So intently pursued by child, woman, and man,
My advice is to all who in speed would excel',
To order a pair of the best Nonpareil.
In Shoe or in Bcot, warrant their pace
Shall be equal to any that run in the race ;
?'or the old wares of Crispin no longer will sell
To those who " March on" in the cheap Nonporoil.
Nota Belie, or Postscript.—On buying a pair
You'll find that the prices are moderate and Stir ; •
And though in good qualities Acmes excel,
NOTICING ElTai is charged for the Slade Nonpareil.

Gswer.narw,—The committee to whom you remitted the project
on the importation of corn has charged me to submit to you the result
of its inquiry. The details of the existing law, by which importation
is regulated, were brought under our consideration; but I am only here
to trouble you with a short summary. The departments which bound
our coasts and frontiers are divided into four classes and eight sections,
in each of which importation is interdicted, after certain deductions, as
long as native corn is not raised above a certain pries. This price is,
for oats, 24f. for the first class; 22f. for the second ; 30f. for the third;
and 18E for the fourth. When these prices are reached, importation is
by that fact alone authorised, in consideration of a duty which decreases
in proportion as the price increases, and which for oats varies from the
maximum of 3f. 25c. per hectolitre, to the minimum of 25c. But these
duties suppose, lit, that the corn has been imported under the French
flag; 2d, that it comes from one of those countries which are under-
stood by the name of places of production—that is to say, from the
Black Sea, Egypt, the Baltic, the White Sea, or the United States of
America. If it comes from any other country, it is subjected to a sur-
plus tax of If. per hectolitre. If imported in a foreign bottom, or if
introduced by the land frontiers, it is subjected to a new surplus tax of
If. 25c. per hectolitre, with this difference, that the surplus is reduced to
If. when the principal tax is at the minimum of 25c.
To reduce the present maximum 31.25 e. on importation in French
bottoms to 3f. and consequently to 2f. and If. the duties of 25c. and lf.l
25c. forming the intermediate degrees between the maximum and mi-
nimum—to abolish all distinction as to the place of production—to re-
duce to one franc, on every degree of duty, the surplus tax imposed on
foreign flags—to treat the introduction by the land frontiers on the same
footing as by French bottoms—and finally to substitute in the first class
the market of Lyons for that of Fleurance, as the elementary or reguiat.
ing price— such arc the modifications introduced by the present project,
and to affect the existing law only till the 30th of June, 1831. Thus
the essential of the law remains in force, viz. the division of the frontier
departments into four classes, the nominal prices of which traverse a
scale of from 18f. to 24f. the establishment of the regulating market,
with the single rectification as to the market of Fleurance; and, finally,
the principle of eventual prohibition.
Of what modifications will each of these be susceptible at the period
of the general revision which the Government seems prepared to under-
take ? Then, as now, it will doubtless be thought unjust and unwise
to give up our agriculture without defence to a competition which the
serious differences existing in the conditions of production would snake
extremely formidable. But will it be thought that the protection ought
to go so far as to interdict all external speculation of any extent as to
time—to disturb the seasonableness of the public supply—and expose
the home-market to sudden fluctuations ? Or will it not rather be
thought that all interests will be better consolidated by means of a scale
of duties wisely graduated, which, while it reserves to the French pro-
ducer a sufficient protection, will leave sufficient freedom to commercial
movement—will place the imports of each period on a level with its
wants, and will thus maintain the perfect equilibrium of our markets ?
Will it be thought reasonable to retain a classification which subjects a
hectolitre of corn imported at Caen to 2f. 25e. of duty, and at Cherbourg
only to 25c ? Nor is this the only anomaly in the choice of the regu-
lating market, which remains to be corrected. Will it be believed that
no legislative measure remains to be adopted regulating the assessment
of the duties ? These questions, gentlemen, or at least several of them,
are at once serious and delicate; much inquiry and long meditation
would be necessary to solve them, and your consideration has thought
it necessary to confine itself to the duly of laying them before you with-
out attempting a solution on the occasion of a project purely transitory
in its nature, and in the absence of the documents which could only be
procured after long investigation and inquiry.
It is besides no part of the duty of the Committee to evince more
anxiety as to our:immediate wants than the Government is itself ; and
it must not to be forgotten that it is for these wants only Mat the Go-
vernment wishes to provide, by the measures it has submitted to your
consideration.

The substitution of the market of Lyons for that of Fleurance is
doubtless one of the most effective measures, as it centers into the eh.
went, and affects the regulating price, of corn in the clue to which
Marseilles belongs. What is chiefly important is, that importation be
not impeded where our wants ars most Ingest and prices most elevated,
if those prices have really reached the limit beyond which protection re-
sults only in duties. But such is the situation of Marseilles and those
parts, in the provisioning of which that port is naturally called to assist
in times of scarcity ; and it is precisely at Marseilles that importation
Las been found to be forbidden during the last three years, the month of
February, 1828, alone excepted, while in the same years, it has been
almost constantly authorized from Dunkirk to Rochelle. Thus we see
that in an importation of 4,000,000 of hectolitres, Marseilles, where the
price of corn has always greatly exceeded that of the rest of France, only
received 4,000 hectolitres. The consequence is, that in that city corn
costs :10f. while it only costs 19f, in the little town of Fleurance, which,
being situated in the tiers, has never sent a grain of corn to the depart.
meat of the Bouches du Rhone. And is it not odious that the popula-
tion of one of our largest cities should be condemned by means of a legal
fiction to pay 30f. for its corn, without having the right to recur to fo.
reign, and when the true object of the law is, that when prices are at
24f. the importation should begin, and should tend to produce an
equilibrium ?
Will it be said4thtt if this fiction raises the price, it at least preserves
for native corn a great centre of consumption ? Yet this is not the case.
Ships sail for Marseilles loaded with foreign corn, which has not been
admitted into consumption, go to naturalize themselves in an Atlantic
port on paying the low duty of 25c. and bring it back to Marseilles
loaded with charges greatly exceeding the duties at which it would
have been admitted at Marseilles, even if the regulating price had been
the true expression of the facts. Operations contrary to all regular ser-
vice, the effect of which is to keep up the price beyond the term re.
quired for the well-being of our agriculture, sufficiently testify the
reality and the pressing nature of our wants. They afford also a
powerful argument in favour of the system of a graduated scale of duties,
in preference to the alternating chances of prohibition and permission
to import.
Everything seems to announce, that the proposed measure, on its
first application, will open the port of Marseilles to importation, which
will be s great advantage to the districts least favoured by the late
vest, and which would now receive assistance at very high rates from
the French provinces, whose surplus produce they are accustomed to
receive.

The wants at other places are also urgent. and it is on that account
that the Government proposes to you, as a general measure, the reduc.
don of duties pointed out at the commencement of this report. They
do not materially affect the principal taxes, but are considerable as to
the surplus duties, since corn imported in French bottoms, from Ham-
burgh, for instance, and which now pays 4f. 25c. 3f. 25c. and 2f.
25c. will hereafter pay only 3f. 2f. and If ; and that which is im-
ported in foreign bottoms, of whatever country, will pay only 4f.
3f. and 2f. in place of sf. 50c. 4f 50c. and 3f. 50c. which they pay
at present. Introduction by the land frontiers will be particularly fa-
voured since it is at present subjected to all the surplus taxes, and will
hereafter be entirely freed from them.
We cannot but applaud these reductions, considered as temporary,
because at all the points of importation corn is at prices of which the
producers cannot complain, and because the prices are such in other
countries generally, that even considerable importations will, with diffi-
culty, bring down ours to a rate which will affect the interests of the
producer. On the other hand, greater reductions could not be proposed
without inconvenience; for although corn is dearer at Odessa at this
moment than in ordinary lessons, it might still be carried to Marseilles
at IDE so that, after adding interest and profit, local expenses, and du.
ties, it might easily be brought to market at less than 24f. a pries below
which native corn cannot now fall at Marseilles, without disturbing the
markets in the rest of the south.

We must, however, declare that by admitting the diminution of the
surplus duty on French*bottorns, and its total suppression on the land
frontiers, we do not mean to say that the diminution would be good as
a permanent rule, nor that the suppression should be established as a
principle in the importation of other sorts of merchandise by the land
tiontiers. Our navigation requires to be powerfully protected, and a
protection of 18f. is ion, equivalent nearly to a surplus duty of If. 2k.
per hectolitre of corn, is not at all excessive for a voyage to the Baltic
or the Black Sea. And es to the land importations, the ipsneral law, in
assimilating the duties to those levied under a foreign be, has had in
view the establishment of a premium on our navigatioli, which it has
not ceased to require. We acknorledge ally that this premium is
misapplied to the introduction of cent, because with reference to this
commodity, the nature of things prevents local wants Item being
svpplied otherwise than by means of transport, which *mats. local.
We propose, then, the adoption of irtide 1; satik fi ape dump in
the expression of theld sad Id pangs whilboase• chez
'•Bue in this article two important of oas'have beeniesdarkedL• 'ln
using the generic term corn (di pains.) the project hie no doubt had
'in view both rye and Iridian corn, or mane, as well is the Other kinds

The maximum of 3f. shall be applied to rye and maize when the price
has reached IGf. in the first class, 14f. in the second, 12f. in the
third, and 10f. in the fourth. The minimum of 25c. shall only be
levied as soon as the prices reach to 18f. 16f. 14f. and 12.
The second omission is in flour. The present rule ix u follows :
Flour, like corn, is subject to a permanent duty, that is to say, to a
miminium. which 'Amine eligible even after the supplementary duties
have ceased. This minimum is regulated as follows :
If imported in a Frendh Ilbttom.
Coming from the productive countries, 30c. per 100 kil. coining
from other countries, 2f. 50c.
If imported in French bottoms—
When the supplementary duty is exigible, 2f. 50c. when it is not ex-
igible, sf.
The supplementary duty per 100 kilogrammes on flour, is equal to
the supplementary duty on 3 hectolitres of corn.
Thus, according to the present law, the smallest duty on flour im-
ported under a foreign flag is sf. since the permanent duty is only re-
duced to 2f. 50c. when the supplementary duty is added, which always
raises the duty above the sfs. Such a mintmunt, though not unob-
jectionable, might be tolerated when the same !tour introduced on the
same terms in a French bottom, might be subjected to a minimum of
2f. 50c. in consideration of the place of production. But this is a dis-
tinction we would not think of maintaining as to flour, when we abo-
lish it as to corn. And as the minimum duty on flour imported un-
der the French flag is in every case to be reduced to 50c. it would be
intolerable that the same flour under the same circumstances, should be
subjected to a minimum of Of. because it arrived under a foreign flag.
Such a surplus would be exorbitant, and out of all proportion with
what affects the foreign flag, on the importation of corn. It would be
so if the new law were silent as to flour ; and we propose a second pa-
ragraph todo away with the distinction as to the Place of production
for flour as well as corn, and to maintain the minimum of 50c. per 100
ki. for flour imported In French bottoms, and reducing the minimum
to 21. 2k. on importations in foreign bottoms.
As to the suppplementary or intermediate duties, they will continue
to be levied according to the old law ;—that is, they will remain the
triple of those on corn.
This is the time to observe that it is inconsistent to double the
duty per hectolitre on corn for the one hundred kilogrammes of
flour, when it has been thought necessary to triple the intermediate
rates. 'l'kls disproportion would cease if we were to make the mi-
nimum 7k. but we have thought that any increase would be mis.
placed in a law, the objects of which are to remove obstacles and
create facilities.

We return to the second, which substitutes the market of Lyons
for thatof Fleurance, to propose it in its order to your approbation. '
The Sd article is u follows :
" When, in consequence of the legal price, importation in any sea-
port shall have ceased, the cargoes which happen not to have arrived in
time, but which shall have been despatched in good faith, regularly
yroved by the exhibition of bill of lading, shall be admitted on pay-
ment of the highest rate of duty."
Nothing can Its more proper than to give to honest commerce
a guarantee ;waist a contingency which spite of all foresight
might . constantly place it in the alter.,;.adie of abstaining from
an munition usefal to the country, or of being prevented from
realising its object at its place of destination. But is is necessary that
this guarantee should only be given to honest dealings. The dates of
the bills of lading, although they generally mark the day on which the
loading has been completed, depend also on the will of the captain and
the freighter. Supposing it to be valid, it doss not bear the day of de-
parture, still less does it prove that this deperture preceded the korne.
ledge of the re-establishment of the prohibition. If the bill of lading
were alone a leading testimony of good faith, the risk would be inclined
of abusive importations succeeding each other, long after the return of
the legal interdiction, and aggravating by their multiplicity the state of
markets already overcharged. To establish otherwise than by pre.
sespekm that a cargo which arrives after the expiry of the legal period
had sidled directly from the port of lading for any given French port,
before the legal price which closed the port was known in the port of
lading,—such ought to be the obligation imposed on the parties claim-
ing admission. It has appeared to your committee that a certificate
from the French Consul should be added, or in his default of a local ma-
gistrate, whenever the fact is not sufficiently established by the register
and other papers on ship-board, in connexion with the distance from the
place of departure and the date of arrivaL
Before coming to the 4th and last article, something remains to be
said of an additional arrangement of grut importance, which we think
neeessary to propose to you, and whit if it meets with your approba-
tion, will fall to be introduced before the 4th article.
You have not forgotten, gentlemen, that in 182 ii a law was passed for
the express purpose of subjecting to the conditions of a real entrepot
those foreign corns which till then had enjoyed the greatest facilities of
a fictitious entrepot.

At that period, and for several years before, a succession of good bar.
vests had ineumbered our markets, and produced a great reduction of
prices. Modern prices are an advantage to the population, but we must
not be afraid to say that extreme cheapness is an evil to the producer,
and a discouragement to producticn. The law came to the assistance of
both, and it is to that period of plenty which this piece of legislation
belongs, which protects our markets by duties up to a certain limit, and
beyond that limit by prohibition. Was the measure excessive at that
period ? And was it likely to produce circumstances which were afttr-
wards to lead to the opposite evil ? This, gentlemen, is what you will
have to examine at the period of the revision of the law which is pro-
mised us. But what cannot be doubted is, that the more we endeavour
to exclude foreign-coma fsoui atocutimption, the more it is necessary to
facilitate the warehousing system, either to indemnify the speculator in
his foreign relations, when he is interdicted from all transactions with
the home market, or for protecting resources which may always be ready
for seasons of scarcity.

But the law, which is alf-powerful against external competition, has
no effect on that which is internal. Propitious seasons continue to
succeed each other, and prices to decease. The proprietor suffers,
and often unjustly: take, for instance, the entrepot of Alarseilles.
It has been signalised as a permanent means of fraud, and an active
cause of the deterioration of prices. Its suppression has been de.
mended. It has been affirmed by the public officers, and has been
demonstrated, that the abuse, if that name can be given to some
slight differences, favoured. perhaps, by the made of weighing and
measuring, was imperceptible in ha effects. Complaints were not less
eager, and it was thought indispensable to concede something to the
alarm universally spread over twenty departments, and which, by the
very circumstance which created them, had aggravated the evil for
which they required a remedy. The principle of the entrepot was
maintained, but the conditions of the real entrepot were substituted
for those of the fictitious entrepot.
These conditions are, that the commodity shall be placed in ware-
houses, united under one roof, in the neighbourhood of the custom-
house, and under the key of the officers.
It was well-known that at Marseilles at leant, the only port where fo-
reign
corn was warehoused in large quantities. such conditlens.if
roualy executed, would make the trade impracticable. It was therefore
declared beforehand, that it would he materially modified in its applies.
tion ; that, in place of requiring the buildings to he all under one roof,
A great number of separate buildings would be allowed, insisting only
on their being situated in the same quarter of the town; that the
depositors should be entitled to esquire that the warehouses should be
opened whenever they thought it necessary to work or turn the corn
and that there would be no objection to increase the number of officers,
in order to meet the wants °tibia pitiable-traffic
' These arrangements, to which many ahem bon been added. have
only served is a ;palliative. Pio concession could, in feet, be suf.
Admit fors commodity which requires daily attention. The restriction
against working until after the warehouses were opened by 'the
officers, and at the Nouns to which the public service is limited, could
not Aid to be a perpetual source of opposition, loss of tits% and
material damage. No concession could atone for another lost, which
'Coltidits iii the prieste warehouses retraining Unoccupied, while rein
m id' expenses uere•pald for these width Were situated in the only
ate' ptablr greener.' • ' • ' •
'These kureoreniences are felt more or Isis in all parts ; but it is at
Marseilles that their severity Is the greatest. In consequence of local

But is the system a necessary preservative against serious altuse. ? -
It is affirmed by the official functionaries now, just as it was affirmed t's.t
them six years ago, that the fictitious entrepot, as applied to corn. i
never given rise to any but insignificant abuses. They have von ,!..-
dared that more aecuriiies have been found in the fictitious that.
in the real entrepot. That is easily understood. In the former the
depositor engages to verify either the re-exportation or the consuutp
don of the whole corn lie has registered at the custom-box, .
—The difference, whatever its cause may be, is at his e.,s, -
a condition which is justified by the confidence which the law rito
in him. In the latter, on the contrary, by the very principle v t:e:t
results* that no operation shall take place, except in presence of ti.,•
while in fact the multiplicity of,simultiTeous operations mak.,
such surveillance very often illusory, the dei 015i[Of is absolverl
all responsibility for those deficiencies which, if he be unflithte i I.
may have himself Greeted for his own advantage
Fewer words might have sufficed, gentlemen, to point out thecol.,..
nience which has been approved by experience, and which has satitti.
every interest. But we have had to consider the abrogation of s face ,
and we were bound to neglect nothing to convince you that this aintr.i
don was necessary. It is satisfactory to your commission that they ha. •
not to propose it without the formal assent of the ministry. The laces.
say provisions will become the 4th article of the present project.
Two observations remain to be made on the last article of the pit+
Iris u follows :—" The foregoing movisions will not take effect uniii
the 30th of June, 1831." •
In the first place, it is tot easy to see why a temporary character ghoul.!
be given to the 3d article, as to the market of Fleurance, which, affrt
the 30th of Jtuie, is apparently not to enter as an element in regulating
the price whidh its interposition has only too long falsified ; nor even to
the 3d article, the objor of which is to give to commerce conduct.ti in
good faith a ercurig which it should never have wanted. You will
also doubtless be of opinfon, that it le definitively and for ever that the
facilities of the Bailees entrepot should be restored to the warehousing
of corn. The Ist ardele, which modifies the elements by which the du-
ties are levied, appears therefore to be the only one the duration of which
ought to be aubjict to limitation.
On the other hand, in fixing the term of the 30th of June, has it nor
been lost sight of that It wasthe supposed insufficiency of the last hat -
vest, taken as a whole, that was to be provided for, and that the next will
not be available until after the 30th of June on almost point of the
French territory ? These considerations have determined us to propose
to you the modification of die final article in the following terns-4,
'• The provisions of the Ist article of the resent law shall twit take
effect until the 30th of July, 1831."
We shall conclude this report by the expression of a regret which
will doubtless be felt at this tribune when it is taken into consideration.
The custom-house laws, when applied to the reduction of taxes, are usu-
ally so framed as to postpone the comnumet meat of the new duties fur
a period of 3 months. This it. a reasonable arrangement for the holders
of commodities which have paid the old tax..s, anti gives them time to gut
rid of their stock without too much damage. If on this occasion see ab-
stain from such a postponement, the Government will remember that
it is with reference to a law which is at once temporary and
urgent, and that to delay its execution would be to compro-
mime its efficacy. Your committee, while they regret this neces-
sity, are unable to overlook it. They have considered, also, that
the project was presented on the 18th of September ;—that it will
scarcely be in force at the points of import before the end of
October ;—that six weeks nearly will thus have elapsed between the
date of the intimation to the commerce of the country and the date
when the new taxes will be put in force ; that a shorter period is ge-
nerally all that is necessary to realize the transactions in foreign corn,
as the authority to put it in enlrepoi authorizes a delay in paying the
duties up to the moment when the sale is effected ; that besides the
legal price of corn at those places where importation has been authorized
for several months admits of the receipt of only a low duty ; and we
may therefore be permitted to hope, that private interests will suffer
very little front the necessity which thus presses upon us.