Star.
London, England, 1830-01-19 00:00:00

ARRIVAL&

The Earl and Countess Stanhope sad family. at their new resi-
dence in Albemarle-street, from their seat in Kent; the Bari and
Countess Sefton, and the Ladies hlolyneuz,at their house in Ailing.
ton-aueet. from the Countess Craven's seat In Gloucestershire ; J.
Dupree. Esq. at bis house in Portland-place. from his seat, Wilton
Park, Beaconsfield, Bucks; Lord Lynedock, at his seat, Cosgrave,
Bucks, from a tour; Sir John Knight, Bart. at his seat in Surrey,
from Woodend, Hants; Mr. and Mrs. J. Dickenson, in Brook-
street, from Hastings; Major Duncan. in Regent.street, from
Brighton; the Right Hon. Wm. Mendes, M.P. at his seat, IPitchford
flail, Shrewsbwy, from Bulatead Park Sums ; Capt. and Mrs.
Patterson, in Piccadilly, from a tour ; G. Smith Thornton, Esq. at
the Demers Hotel, Berners-at. from St. Petersburgh ; J. Simpson.
Esq. at ditto, from ditto; Capt. Henry Drummond, at ditto, from
Geneva ' • S. Daniels, Eaq. at ditto, from Berkbampstead ; E Da-
her, EN. at ditto, from Stamford ; Capt. W. G. C. Kern, R.N. at
Symmons' Hotel. St. James's-street, from Leamington Spa; A.
Bonar, Esq. at ditto, from Munich ; Messrs. Moss. Esqrs. at the
Burlington Hotel, from Liverpool ; Dr. Barry, at his house, Wel-
beck-street, from Gibraltar; Sir C. Grant, Mr. Drummond, Capt.
Gowan, Count Pontraren' Mr. H. Brasier, Mr. Cullen, Mr.
Thornton, Mr. Greig. Mr. Edwards. Mr. Cramp. Mr. Hamilton,
Mr. Blake. and Mr. Newman, King's Messenger, at Dover, from
France.
DEPA RTURES.

Prince ileven, from Ashburnham House, Dover-street, for
Richmond ; Edward Hartopp, R.sq. from Simmons's Hotel, St.
James's-street, for Oxford ;—Hartopp, &sq. from ditto, for Eton ;
J. Lewes, 89. from ditto, on a tour ; the Rev. T. Lane F.
from Crawley s Hotel (late Cook's,) Albemarle-street, for Dorset-
shire ; Mr. and Mrs. Asheton Smith, from Fenton's Hotel, St.
James's-street, for their seat in Hants; V/m. Cumtning,Raq. from
ditto, on a tour; Mr. and Mrs. Morgan, from Grosvenor-street,
for Bath ; Wm. Rowlands, Esq. from Brook-street, for hls seat in
Beaks; Major Wheeler, Mrs. Wheeler, and family, from the Der-
ners Hotel, Berners-street, foe Clifton.

Prince LEOPOLD left his residence at Claremont yes-
terday, on a visit to the Earl of DARN LEY, at his seat at
Sandgate, near Folkatone, Kent.
The French Ambassador bad a conference with the
Duke of WELLINGTON yesterday, at the Treasury : his
Excellency also visited the Earl of ABERDINN at the
Foreign Office. In the evening his Excellency sent off
despatches to his Government.
The Njarquis of Csi AN DOS had an interview yesterday,
at the 77easury, with the Duke of WELLINGTON.
The Marquis WELLESLEY and Mr. Sergeant BOSAN-
QUET transacted business yesterday at the Treasury.
The LORD CHANCELLOR and Mr. Secretary PEEL
visited the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER yesterday.
Sir GEORGE MURRAY and the CHANCELLOR Of the
EXCHEQUER had interviews with the Duke of WEL-
LINGTON yesterday, at the Treasury.
Mr. Secretary PEEL entertained the LORD CHAN-
CELLOR, Mr. WASHINGTON Iftvzwo, and a select
piny to dinner yesterday evening, at his residence in
Privy Gardens.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Strsszx is expected
to arrive from his late extensive tour, at his apartments in
Kensington Palace, in the course of this day.
Mr. VESEY FITZGERALD is recovering from his in-

disposition.
The carriages of the Cabinet Ministers are to follow in
the funeral procession of the late President of the Royal
Academy.
LIMERICK ELECTION.—The Committee-Rooms of
the Candidates for the Representation of the County are
now open on Merchants'-Quay. The fronts are placard-
ed with large coloured posters—the Agents are indefati-
gable, and printed squibs are flying through the streets in
every direction, accompanied by humonrous ballad singers,
each channting his favourite candidate's praises.—Thomas
Odell, Esq. Barrister-at-law, the High Sherif& Assessor,
is arrived in town.—John Howley, Esq. the talented
Chairman of the King's County, is engaged as principal
legal adviser to Mr. Massy Dawson, at the election.—
Limerick Chronicle.

Some of our contemporaries have commented freely
upon the wholesome lecture which Mr. CHAMBERS, the
Magistrate of Union-hall, gave to Mr. LAMBSECHT, the
survivor in the late duel, on his surrendering himself to
take his trial. We think they should have also given Mr.
How E, his brother Magistrate, credit, for the wisdom he
displayed on the same occasion. " Pray," said Mr.
How z to Mr. LAMBRECHT, " did it not occur to you to
fire your pistol in the air ?" What a question to put to a
man against whom his adversary's pistol was pointed, and
that adversary the challenger !—who had refused an apo-
logy ! Surely, Mr. How E, this can not be the practice
in Ireland ?

VIENNA, JAN. s.—The Russians of distinction, who
reside here, assert that Count Nesselrode is very far from
being disposed to second the plans formed by Messrs.
Wellington and Metternich, and this circumstance is
very obvious to the English Representatives in this town,
and has prevented them from being present at the fete
given by Count Talischef, for the anniversary of the birth
of the Empress of Russia.
Orders have been issued to close the gates of the en-
closure in St. James's Park on a Sunday, during the
skating season, at three o'clock, so that no person can be
admitted after that hour upon the canal ; and at four
o'clock the whole enclosure to be cleared. This is an
excellent regulation, as many, who are fond of the ex-
ercise, have been known to remain until dark or moonlight,
by which numerous accidents have occurred.—Morning
Herald.

The ice which has been floating up and down the river
Thames with the tides has, in consequence of the intense
frost during the past two or three nights, become com-
bined, and many parts of the river on the Surrey side
present a body of ice extending above half way across.
Should the present intense frost continue a day or two
longer, we may expect to see persons enjoying the exer-
cise of skating on many parts of the Thames.
The inclemency of the season has played sad havoc
among the pensioners of Greenwich. John Shea, a blind
man, John Rowe, and a pensioner belonging to Duke's
Ward, suddenly dropped down, and expired on the spot.
Between 12 and 14 others, whose constitutions were sen-
sibly affected by the late fogs, have also within the last
eight or ten days " gone the way of all flea."
MUTH or LORD REDZSDALlo—Saturday last, at
three o'clock in the afternoon, Lord Renasnaut died
at his seat, Batsford Park, near Moreton-in-the-Marsh,
Gloucestershire, after a short illness. His Lordship was
born on the 18th of August, 1741. Early in life, when
Mr. MITFORD, he entered as a Member of Lincoln's
Inn. In due time he was called to the Bar; and in
1788, was returned Member of Parliament for a Bo-
rough in the West of England. About 17.90 be was
appointed Solicitor-General, and received the honour of
Knighthood ; and in a few years afterwards he was ap-
pointed Attorney-General. In 1801 he was chosen
Speaker of the House of Commons, and a few months
afterwards was appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland,
and created Baron REDESDALE. His Lordship married,
In 1803, Lady FRANCES PERCZTAL, daughter of the
Purl of EORZUONV. His Lordship was always consi-
dered a very high legal authority in Appeals and Com-
mittees of the House of Lords. The benevolent mea-
sure of affording relief to men in a stets of insolvency
originated entirely with his Lordship, nod, however
much the privilege may have been abased by fraudulent i
individuals, the Insolvent Debtors' Laws will be a luting
"Dwnent to the philaathrepy et Lod Kann masa.

COLUMBIA

TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR.
LETTER XX.

BOGOTA, Oar. 10, 1121.

Si a—We must now speak of the ancient Mother]
Country, " of Spain, which like a slave stupified by a
narcotic regimen, reels, between the two brutifying powers
of despotism and superstition, useless to Europe, a bur-
then to her neighbours and herself, and an alien to the
general policy of the world and the age. Inflated with
pride, she has rejected all the attempts made at different
epochs by the United States, Great Britain, France,
and Russia, to engage her attention to the language of
reason. It is yet, however, to to hoped she will not
maintain her obstinacy, as far as Columbia is concerned,
over a period of seventy-two years, as in the case of
Holland ; or of forty, as in that of Portugal.
The LIBERATOR, desirous of conciliating her, has
permitted the importation in neutral vessels, of the natural
productions and manufactures of Spain, not already pro-
hibited by Custom Laws, to neutral or friendly nations ;
and if the metropolitan pride should still refuse the adop-
tion of a frank policy, it may be expected that she will
at least Requiem* in a suspension of hostilities.
But whatever may be the extensive limits which she
proposes to give this contest, now so hopeless, we must
adopt the same system towards her as to all other States
—" in peace—friends; in war—enemies." She must
calculate on no concessions, compensations, or privi-
leges of any kind from Columbia. The very renewal of
her direct trade with us, will give her sufficient ad-
vantages, by the benefits she will derive from old habits,
similar customs, and identity of language.
Columbia henceforth cannot occupy herself better than
in organizing her internal policy solidly—iu peopling—
cultivating—improving her territory, and giving every
possible latitude to the developement of the physical and
intellectual faculties of her inhabitants.

PEACE is the most imperious want of Columbia, and
we must make the greatest efforts to conquer, and pre-
serve it.

The termination of the Peruvian war is now as-
sured, and the sooner we establish order and stability,
the nearer shall we approach our reconciliation with Spain.
Much time must elapse before Columbia can con-
sume her natural productions, and before she can com-
pete with foreign manufacturers. She, therefore, needs
external commerce—and more so, as man is not destined
to live isolated, and as international intercourse pro-
motes civilisation. Justice must be our general rule,
with regard to all the people of the earth, but interest
must dictate our connexions ; and in respect to com-
merce, our favourites must be those who will supply our
wants on the best terms, and who will take most of
our own produce in return.
We must leave to future generations those inter-
national questions which will arise as the State advances,
and acquires ships and commerce of its own. Destiny
at present has assigned our labours to the conquest and
security of our independence, and to render ourselves as
worthy of it by our love of order and equity, as we have
already done by our heroism and sacrifices.
At a future period I may examine, and show what
ought to be our internal organisation ; at present, I
shall only take a glance at our domestic condition.
" Man (says BUFFON,) can do nothing without asso-
ciates, union only can give him strength, and peace
render him prosperous." If this be so, let us see if our
country possesses the requisite qualifications to become
powerful and happy.
Columbia has a very extensive geographical base,
and is able to maintain a population infinitely greeter than
its present amount. She, moreover, possesses all the
physical and material elements requisite for the grandeur
' of a nation ; an advantageous position on the globe, a
variety of climate, a fruitful soil, a cordillera reaching
to seas seldom agitated, and in whose range the most
precious minerals are to be found,—excellent ports in both
oceans, abundance of rich natural productions, and con-
siderable rivers which interest her in various directions,
forming as it were the destined channels of communica-
tion between her provinces. But her inhabitants are
thinly scattered over her immense territory, and sepa-
-1 rated by vast uncultivated tracts, nor is their condition
that, which a lover of his country would wish to see.
' Our population is divided into casts, and this heteroge-
neousness is an element of mischief.

The Aborigenes, in consequence of the state of pupil-
lage, in which they were kept under the Spanish laws, '
are in the lowest state of mental degradation, and yet
are so attached to their customs or privileges, as they
call them, that either by inclination, or by the
artful machinations of those who find an interest
in their continual debasement, they have hitherto rejected
the several measures proposed by Abe government for
their benefit. It will be a work of much time and labour,
to rouse and raise them from the apathy and prostration
in which they now live, and to render them useful mem-
bers of society. The people of colour are mach more
animated, and though yet very ignorant, susceptible of
quicker improvement.
The Revolution has assimilated them to the privileged
classes ; the Government, in its justice, has distributed
honours and employments amongst those who have dis-
tinguished themselves ; and there is no doubt, that in
proportion as this class elevates, and conducts itself well,
public opinion will abjure its rigours and prejudices with
b
regard to colour. The African race only the air
of freedom ; the descendants of Europeans are those who
rule, who give the tone to society, and who have pro-
moted and accomplished the political regeneration. But
as long as the slow action of time does not permit this
race to enjoy all the benefits of our revolution, so long as
our population . is not mingled together, Columbia will
have much to wish for on that account.
The benignant influence of our climate, which limits
the wants of hunger ; the fertility of the soil which
affords such ready subsistence, and that indolence of dis-
position which is an elementary quality of the national
character, altogether render the people but little disposed
to work ; consequently, there is every where observed
in Columbia, a languor in her agriculture, industry, and
commerce. In agriculture, all is done by routine. The
science is unknown, and there is neither incentive, OD
convenience, to export superfluous productions. More-
over, it is heavily oppressed by the tidies. " In some
wee of the Republic, 30 per cont. is taken on the brute
product ; in ethos it exceeds 40. The poll-tax easetists
to 6 per cent. and the ecelesialitical mostensuin is also
very gramma." Thu war which destroyod cattle andi

capital, which emancipated the slaves, and withdrew so
any hands from field labour, has been nearly its total
ruin. In vain has Nature been bountiful : in vain has the
Government seen the necessity of giving it every en-
lestragesanet, by allowing it to sell appraised lands, and
was greallug to foreigners two millions of Spanish acres,
under the condition of their cultivating them. The poli-
tical circumstance* of our country, and the commercial

affairs of England in 1826, prevented the hoped-for emi-
gration. Thus, landed property does not find its just va-
lue, and yields but little. Fertile lands are neglected,
precious products are wasted, and we want a thousand',
vegetable treasures, which would naturalise on our soil.--I
Internal commerce is impeded by the territorial difficulty,
of traffic, by bad roads, made worse by transit, as they
are never repaired, and by the scarcity of mules, so that the
price of transport is altogether much increased. 'These
obstacles can only be overcome, when our beautiful rivers,
whose banks are now almost abandoned, are navigated
by steam-vessels, to facilitate the exchange of our pro-
vincial productions, and to introduce foreign commodities
at a sufficiently cheap rate.
GARCIA DRL RIO.