Star.
London, England, 1823-05-22 00:00:00

7:44 N:lk' .

~. ~ .
~. ti. ~,_ ~.~..

who were not concerned in the Wit-Trade, against
tie Silk Manufacilire NI, The Bon. Member ob,
served, that he hoped more attention would be paid
to _the wishes of the petitioners. There would be
sufficient time to pass the Bill after an inquiry, and
an inquiry would be the best mode of doing justice.
'Mr. PHILLIP* and Mr. &tact again made some,
remarks on the Standing Order of the House..
Mr. WALLACE thought that the Standing Oiler
did not apply to the present case, arid that the delay
sought would involve the loss of the Bill for the pre-
sent Session. It Wai.eildent that if aCoMmittee was
gone into, the subject *mild be diewnnai to a great
length, and it would be imposiible to pass the Bill.
Nothing new could result from an inquiry, for in-
quiry had repeatedly been made.. In the Session be-
fore last a Committee of ,tyre Other pease had 'sat,,
and received evidence; and-the result of their ingUiry
had been communicated to the House. He did not
therefore wish to acquiesce in a delay. which Would
certainly dareaczht 40).
Mr. MAXWELL wished the subject to stand over.
He should be glad if a minirnininf wages was to be.
established, subject tcithe consideration of gagistrates.
Mr. HUSICISSON doubted Whether th' Standing
Order was intended to apply; to such Bails is the pre-
sent
• and certainly many BilTsof a similar kind, as
the Warehousing Bill, for instance, had not been re-
fined to a Committee.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER Made
some observations on the origin of the Standing Order.
Sir .1. MACKINTOSH said, that the words of the
Standing Order were so clear, that there could be
no difference of opinion as to their evident meaning.
He was sorry that that was the case, because he was
favourahle to the Bill, and quite adverse froin any
delay. They were bound to interpret words accord-.
log to their common meaning ; and if, therefore, the
words did not convey the meaning which they bad
been intended to convey, let the Order be dissolved,
but. let it be abided .by whilst it existed. As to a
rabriniuin of wages, to which an Hon. Gentleman had
all&cled, he hoped that Hon. Member would apply.
tfis 'Principle to rents .and prices, in order to shew
how .airsurd it *Would aPpeir.
said, that the 'Order of the House
Was ilt;srly applicable to this case. At the same
if a Co:iflict-ft sat up stairs, there would be no:
ne).emisity for. goirtg at any great length into evidence.
1%11112154f, he hoped that the Standing Order would
hie repealed ' • 'for notwithstanding all his respect for.
Ore Learned Memberfrom whom it originated, he did
net:Consider it to be a measure of absolute wisdom.
Mr. fiLISVSSOINT Wished to put an end to a 'con-
veishacin rithiiVeould lead to no result. If the con-
serirdioti of the Standing Order was that for which
Gentlemen contended, all that he could say was,tlint:
that construction bad not been before understood hnd
never enforced, and that scarcely any Bill could pro-
ceed in that case, without first going to a Select Cosh-
Mittee. He suggeited, therefore, that the case should
stand over, and m-ritorrase he would again diaw the
attention of the Hbuse to iti and then? If the same
6-pinion prevailed resPeekhig the construction to be.
'Alt 'Upon the Order, he Would move, that a Com..
znittee be appointed to report concerning the said
Order, and,whethei it was fit it ShiSUld be repealed.
Mr. BUXTON Asked, whither in this case . the.
Illyitrt Honouiable.Gentleinin teonia press the iecind
reading that night ?
Mr.-HUS AMSSON aniWered'that he shoirld.
11(e Pkition was 'brought ul4, read, and ordered
to lie on the table.
M. HUSICISBOII gave notice, that' e would to-
W call die-attehnOn of the -House to ale 'Stand-
Oicre!._

Sir
DUMAS! CLAIM IN NORTH AM A.
Sir .1. MACKINTOSH, seeing the Right Hon.
denifenian,lheSieretary for Foreign Affairs, in his'
edirei,.vhshed to ask him a question closely connected.
with.iiii hOilouViiif ihe'Crown• and the safety of Eng-
li:h 'navigation. Some Gentlemen would recollect
tliatiinthe course Ofilit SessiOn be hadina a goes-
an to the Nahle tord, the Right Hon. Gentleman's
• . .......
Preilecessor,.rimpecurig the monstrous and estravi-
gant.pretensions of Russia to the possession, both by
sea acid land, 'off :the North-weit coast ofAmerici ;
elide-acing territories now occupied by the subjecis of
the King, and other territory occupied by subjects of
the United States of ;America, and including the
whele coast from the North coast of America to the
NOrth-eairef Asia. The answer which he had received -
from the Noble Lord had been, that a Protest had
been presented by the British Government against a
principle which violated the rights of all nations, but'
Illicit was particularly injurious to the first Maritime
Pnwer'in 'the world. Since that 'time those unfounded
pretenCes Of the Russian Government had not rested'
in theory, but Russian ships of war had been sent to
warn off all ships of other nations. He wished to ask,
therefore, first, whether the British Government had
receive) any information of this circumstance; and,
siecOndly,•whether any answer had been received from
tale Protest presented to the Russian Government,
and whether any negociations were now pending ?
Mr. CANNING answered, that no infOrMation'had
been received ; that the Protest which the Hon. BA-
rosiet adverted to had been stibiequently renewed,
and that negociations were not, pending, in conse-
quence of instructions sent to the English 'Anibassa-
dor at the Court of St. Petershtirgh.
ADMIRALTY OFFICES.
Mr. BROUGHAM begged to know if the two
buildings now erecting in New-street, Spring-gardens,
were intended for ihj accommodation of any persons
holding situations ia the Admiralty? He had heard,
they were ; and he had heard indeed that it was in-.
tended. to.bnild a third hoitie'for the fartie:puiPose. i
Sir G,. COCKBinal eiplained thmt the two houses!
were building, but that a say' .orDrsdo a fear 'Would
l
in consequence,accrile to the,. 'b lic,frais the ridut-
tion which would then.ge au din the allowance of
the officeis Tor whose,itre the houses Were Intended.
. ~ ingot ebassitistAs. •
RICE
Mr. presenteti *a 'titition :froth. Limerick„,
complaining nt the high:Ort dairies imposed
Irish commerce. The,,ilon Member '‘ient into s
ctorni,cnttis,lo ihe'w that 'a great Ilkelviidity existed
t,•ett Vingipki and.iilsh
.commerce, aril expletscd
hupi that 4se subliit would be takenip•liy his
jeti 6 kiigusters. .:. ' , • •
SFr. WAILACE ;41, 'wit &sagged :ii%
Hon. Gentleman as to the.polity of placing the
of Ireland on the same tooting as that of England,
and that the subject was now under consideration.

IA , CosibtUAL DI)TM. ; -
Sit. F. LUCE wished to put A 4'6OQ Illative to
the targe on British ships tridifil to the colonies.,
He had, in a statement of last yeir, shewn that
ships of three hundred tons burden, trading to some
of the.Coloniehpaid 10s.; • on. The charge was not
for public purposes, !it hi id-Vantage of offuers
itft
holding differpt xituatiop ' He had taken the trouble
of inquirintimo the charges paid by Dutch and
French ships 'trading to Dutch and French Colonies,
and he found th'it it never exceeded is. per tan, find
that that was levied for police regulations. He wished
to know whether Government had it in Ccraiternpl*L
tion to reduce • the charges imposed upon our own
ships in trading to our own Colonies?
Mr. HUSKISSON said, that nothing was more de;
sirable than to reduce, as far is it was practicable,
thg charges upon commerce, but there were some
difficulties in the way ; for he believed that many of
the charges complained of had been imposed by the
authority of the local Legislature. With regard to
Ireland, he believed that a clause had been introduced
into the Consolidation Duties Bill, to put the trade
upon -the same footing as that of England.
After a few words (torn Sir J. Nawrciar, the Peti-
tion was brought up.
The -Petition was then read, laid on the table, and
referred to the Committee on Foreign Trade.

DUTY ON CANDLES. . .
. Mr. SYKES rose, pursuant to notice, to call the'
attention of the House to the duty on tallow candles..
So much had been recently said upon this subject,
that it would be unpardonable in him to trespass long
on their attention. During the last Session he'failed
in his exertions upon this subject ; nor did he regret
it, because the question now stood on much more fa-
vourable grounds. In his Majesty's Speech it was
announced that a reduction of takes would take
place ; the Ministers admitted the necessity to do 'so ;
and upon that adiniision he grounded his present•
motion. The deluSiOn of raising the 'prices of agli-.
culture as a benefit to the firmer had now passed.
away, and all seemed agreed that a reduction of taxes.
was the best remedy fOr distress. The question then
Was, did such astrificient reduction take place as was.
necessary? Rethought not; and more, that taking
Off the taxes on hunters and carriages, 'did not ope-•
rate where reduction ought; - and could not enable:
the farmer to bring his produce cheaper to mat ket.
The country was not relieved in the mdde or the de-
ree rendered 'necessary, although he thanked his
Majesty's Ministers for What.they had dritie, and for
adhering to that neutrality which would prevent 'a
war. Btit then the petip_le'sbatild liable ilk' beriefits
of a state of peace; and Sire be asked. had the Go-
vernment gone. farsenough in the reductiOn of taxes,
consistently with thesifety of the-country ? For his
own pirt he *is RtWited to say, this he could net,
fairly Meek Vs constituents, if. had hia init.iiiied-iiieft'
exertion to reduce the taxes. Thiteipiin tageiv tali-,
dies was to be sure not leztatisive,; only 57,5,0001.:
ross ; 30,9001. were pacid intotlt Exchequer. In.
lac
ottani.' it Wis'lt.M tile.. .or it,-;t*intieth,Part of
ngland, and tile iunk taitiirikkack .was 92.11-?,BOOL J
Ireland, he observed, there was no Candle dlity,
'and lie Irped'the Iriihrienliertien would not therefore
hate against the iiitqielitly cif 'placing ifthisi 'fin Vie
same tooting with themselves. Hetook It to be it
Principle of taxation, that that tax was the worit in,
which the latest sum was expended in the collec-
ti6o.., The wlide 'revenue Here was itnecked at
W. Ids, IL. per cent. .Unsl that on tallow Candles at
Ineaty per cent. net, and sixteen per cent. gross.—..,
ch a.Afference called for atientien' 'indeed ft called
tor alteration. Tea was 'ealleited -at3per cent. malt
it? per rent. licenses at 7cper refit.printed goods at
i-eth. British spirits at 14th, and tobacco at neirly .
, the same rate. The cost of collecting the tivppon
j tilloW Candles, -above all others, was the most ex-
pensive, and exceeded. iheirticles lie hid inentionedl
by nearly 50, and in some cases 100 per cent. But'
the cost of the collection was not his .only objection;
this tax pressed on the poor, Whllei!he rich Man could
light his house with spermaCiti canines, 4. or gas.
la fact, if the poor man were to have aiii lightjseyoiid
is stick in
.his fire, be must have tallow cassales.:....
There were twa Wir(ii cif slide candles, snoilds Wnd
dips, Which stead to 'each other as to prico as lain
to nine ; the candbesisised,* the poorer being the
arrest Of the two, This Candle Tax was also a tax.
oat taboo ses.tiery One' new Mist be carried.'
at by Cindlelight.in: iipiter-; !it:Press—ea ePOn *As-
1100Tious. poor in a very great degree, iflie could 011ie
any reliance on the'commuriwatiotts which he had re-,
Owed. The mode Vesicles of cc:drifting this tax was
the most vexations of any: in the Wit4le 'finite of the
Excise, and none threw greater diEtcaltiii 'On the ma-
nufacturers. lithe duty *ere taken off, he. believed;
every one would itnantffiktbrro his oWn esidles, se
'OM; was the process.. ... leiteithl **eery lie belleftrd'
how many were the penalties tikheTtliind.kilie ACis.
relating to this tax acting difficUlties not only in,
the way of the mancifacteriet, but thereby increasing.
the difficulties cifthe 040101 The HO. Member
then adverted to.aletter "NO he liisid, reciiied frOin.
a large manufacturer inthe Borough, in which it was
stated, that that iodividual and his pin had since
JUly last taken no leis, thin bl, Midis,: Thit.'firct alone
would, hethenght, milifce iiiiiirl,luil. IViiinher; "to
support the repeal 'of:this duty. He:thought he Ilia
established fonr:phintsj—d. That thecollecticin of the
Tax was ipbst e.x00.5.....- it. Tha, itipreiied on the
p00t...,--S..TIS4t. it. was 3.1,ha tiPodlatliOnr ;iAtid 4. MOst
vexatious to the naanoßicturer. And. alio, he Could
ant see any. answer to his motions but that it was a
iieslg. 44 iiii,. .1-10‘tiligt he 'aikeKif lic4isid. any snb-j
statute-6i thislix-5r InColiiila oiiikatiliqr.lo *as not
As Chancelldr wilthe'EsChequer, and not bound' to
iiid one. That Wile
.ifeie revied, he Would 'My, there
.Urns A. storphotie !cif 'silbj . fli!---f•t.re eXtirtfrlre,in the
it
;generilciillecunn of the. ~ icif4ye,* asiiii in die' Increase
of salaries here aid lathe colonies.„: tut tlii*ghslie
ibb Id j net. 6 tid,a intfistfote, hethoutlit an bppreisiie
•iiid -1. Vid fat 'shafild :be ' dente aiisty is soon is
.• ..• • •; one.•ra A. i lie 0 ~. vol.
posit e.. lift/ :p . were ola to lc
offices. :boa- ostnous Penal* sraa,pkrJ. furgc. AS-
- ' Tether', - .

the subject, and not too long trespassed on the atten-
tion of the House. He would take it as a boon, small

,abut quantum tistlekla it humid do a
a fit_ put it, whet* its repeals/rebid not give
igtistiction? e would Say one wor9 as to
the Sinkins, Fund- of five inillons ; but it should be
remembered that when that specific amount of fund
was agreed to, it was also expressly ,aid that the dis-
GUMMI 141 i TVI Of is as not to be thereby tow.:
eluded. He rushed to see the public iocome larger
than the public expenditure t but looking for year
past to the operation of the Sinking Fund, he never
thought it of the leak utility. The Ifon.• Meld*
Concluded by Meiji* Tor kart to bring in 4 Bill to
repeal the dtgy.tes Tallow .Citna.)4, u..:l_•
The CHANEELLOR cf the EXCHECAUEtt rose.
In whit he had to octal:est to the Mime, he did not.
expect to be -SO aiiitising ki the Honourable Gentle-
man had been ; but he should, at least, follow hit'
example, in stating as briefly as he could, the grounds
upon Which he ripposed the motion. hire, he would
say, that the Revenue 'could not afford to lose a tax
which brought in te3SO,OOO, and this was not a tax
whicharressed with repair leventy Upon any 'class
of the people. SO diet if the Revenue Could afford
stch a lose, there were Many other 'tales which re-
quired relief in an infinitely greater degree than this
—(Hear, hear).—The HOnourehle Gentleman fiaa
done the Government no more than justice in ac-
knowledging the exertions of the Government,
.and
its readiness to reduce taxation, as far as it could be
persuaded of the practicability of doing so; but he
could not take credit 'to. himself at the expense
tbisse who had preceded li m. They had met the
proposals for reducing taxation by the argument,
that the 'trite Of the Revenue was such as not to
render such reduction advisable. It had been bis,
good fortune to find the Revenue in such a state as to'
enable him to come down to the House at a very early
period of the Session, and to propose large reductions.
The Hon. Gentleman said this tax was peculiarly op-
pressive Upon the people, and peculiarly vexatious in
its collection. From these propositions he must ex-
Otis his dissent. He did not mean to defend the
tax upon its antiquity, but it had existed for a great
length Of time, and its amount had been gradually
increasing up to the last year; it was not, therefore,
One of those taxes which pressed so grievously upon
• the people as to present an insurmountable reason for
Hon.
repeal. As to the expense of collection, the
Hon. Member bid made a mistake in estimating its
siiiount at the whole difference between the money
paid by the country and that received into the Ma,-
sury. There was a large sum which went for expoita-
tions and drawbacks. Certainly it was desirable
that every possible reduction in the expense of col-
lection should be made; and he could assure the MM.
Gentleman, that there was no-point to which his at-
tention, and that of the Lords of the Treasury, was
more aminosly, directed. By the arrangements
: Meal saving would eventually be
effected. If the Revenue could afford to lose the
sum of 350,0001. at- this moment, he believed that,
he .could shew Many other taxes which it would be.
more desirable to reduce than the tax on tallow can-
dles: There was the article of tobacco, which, from
the disproportionate amount of the duty to the price
of the commodity, required attention. Then the tax
On coals, tea, been and many other articles, were All
isf them deserving a prior consideration to that heir
, proposed to be repealed, whether treated upon fiscid
principles, or as affecting the revenue. • The HOll.
Gentleman forgot that in 1825, a tax to the same
itinerant as this would expire; he meant the
iemaie-
ing 2s. a bushel upon salt—(Hear, hear.) He. should
also remember that there had been repeated disci*
sions in that House upon the moral necessity of abo-
lishing The Lottery. It 'was his intention to propose
the Lritteriei•this year for the last time. (Ffear,hear.)
So the HOn.Gentleman would see that if this amount
of revenue were to be deducted, they should be pre-
vented from carrying their intentions into effect.
(Heir, 'hear.) Upon these grounds. be should vote
against Ilse motion.
e‘gfr.,WitikWEN said that the Right Honourable'
Gentleman had entirely blinked the question, and
e•raded Ol'Olistortratitin upOn the Manner in villa it.
oPerated. Chally upon the labouring elaises,
and as wages had Veen lowered to meet the low prices
Of Provisions; and if they were nor now advanced,'
Web indist he taken off as pressed more imnie-
diAtely 'upon those clasiei. He thought the *ix upon
mould candles might be increased, and that upon the
Candles used by the poor man taken off. The great
objection ti) our system of taxation ivai, that it pressed
Upon the labotious classes, While the great capitalist
escaped untouched.
Mr. MONCK supported the motion, and contended
that his Hoot:linable Friend had made out a complete
case, which had not been =Sleeted by the Right
Himourible Gentleman.
Mr. SYKES briefly replied, and the motion was'
then negatived without a division.
Law.
girJA.lo4mAtmiTosH rose, pursuantto no-
tice, 'to Makt.bis motion for the reformatidn sir the
CriMinal Cede. It had been Said,• in a iilsturslott in
another place, On a Motion Of 'the late ;Sir Samuel
Roinilly, that if a foreigner were to judge of the Eng-
lish from their Penal Code, lie would say they were
a nation of fierce barbarians. Such a person might
Well say that our lawi were infamous in theory, and
impotent in practice. What would such a person be
able -to 'say sf bit were told that the securiry of the
subject witigiterdeci bey Raba: Corpus, arid we had
446•4istavere4 principle of Representative Go-
verninent?. He must be strongly impressed 'by such:
contradictions. lathe year 1819,abe House had, on
'ills Motion, , appOinted a. Ceinimittee to inquire into''the Criminal Law. -In 1820, some iiillshad [raised
in coniequence of the reconimendation of that Com-
mittee. his expectations had. indeed been disap-
pointed; but the littledone then -Was all that. had-
't?eett itreeted rineethisilfgriOf. EdWardlol. Tenkapittal
enactments had beenreastreed•frorit tliettatriteliook.
In ISM, his ametitlinerits on the law of forgery had
bents defeated by a apt-des of Parliamentary tactic,
not usual in cases where no party feeling had been
called forth. In the last year the 'House came to a
resolution to inquire into thenatute of the Criminal
Code. 'He was happy to !Ind,. that incite new Mar-
tiage Bllls- no less then five Of theitelo he lead •
mespro.
posed to do ass:ay bad been removed' by those by
rhp,,,ot one time, they had beeu most vehementlY
opposed. •Itiiad been recognised, that.the :nude to
lincrease the efficacy of the penal code was to diminish
!the severity of its enactments. He had a series of de-,
terminations of tour yeais in that House in favour of

•
C. 7.

.
the reformation he meant to propose, lie was calkl 1
on to propose to the House Resolutionsforinded (snits
own determinations. No principle could he fillVe et.
roneops than that the mischief of the action should be
the sale measure of the punishment Every attempt
to force the maximum of punishment beyond the
Tsyrrasztity 'of =Unkind, must invariably prove it)._
availing. It was on that account that religious pet,
secution sot only
_failed to produce the rough; 1*
effect, but one directly opposite. The blood al tht
Martyr had been always the seed of the Chuick..4,
The man who should imbibe his moral feelings fi.os
the inimical Code of England, would learn t° regard
the cutting down of a tree, or the forging of a Bank
note, .in the same light as the murder if a 'Parent,* '
the betrayal of one's country. The hearts. of all go 4 ,
Men.wete alienated from *such creel laws, for their
was no proportion between. the punishment and the
Crime. Sir*lhr. Hale, elhe wed the highest hunt*
authority, had said, that England was the conntry,•
of all others, in which the law was executed Willi*
reference to the discretion of the Judges; but side/
that time our felcnies had been increased from 4:
to two hundred ;* and in that ratio the discrettisa4-
the Judges had been increased, without any Ito*
tO the opinion of the Juries. Of all the e.rpital Ma..
&lies which he wished to do away with, there were be
'two older than the Revolution. This multiplicstiee.
of capital punishments did not arise from the harbariti
of Parliament, but from its culpable negligence, ii
being careless of lraman life, at a time when (nothith-
standing their detractors) he believed the peoples(
England were increasing in virtue and rianality. la -
appealed to the whole experience since the Revela
tion to shew, that the extension ofthe power of patios
• 'in the'Crown, had increased the :cumbers of crime.
The venerable lawgiver cf the Hebrews had inEicted
the punishment of death for the stealer of man. Thus,
he denounced the utmost vengeance of the law aright
those who dealt in the infamous Slave Trade. It mi.
Well known, that in France there wereonly six capi..
tal offences,' while we had 800; and the disproporfida
Of capital convictions sheaved the folly of the one
code, and the proportionate wisdom of the other. Is
France, capital offences had decreased, though their
penal laws were so few, while ours were increasing..
His intention was to move Resolutions in specific calm,
which, if the House adopted them, would serve as
the foundation of Bills. These Resolutions would
take away the ponishmera of death from many cases,
especially such as the Judges believed that punish•
ment would not follow after sentence. He wished
Modifications in, cases of forgery ; and in felonies
created by the Marriage Laws; in horse-stealing,
sheep4tealing, cattle stealing, and in stealing frota
shops and dwelling-houses. In these cases, one mats
Out of 66 only was executed, and this was absurd*
thought to operate as a warning • n the 65 ibis
escaped. lie then enumerated the Acts .svhith be 4
Wished to have repealed, :elating to thteatenlag let-
ters, cutting down banks of rivers, Greenwich one.
pensiOners,'horse-ste.4ing, sheep-stealing, and others
He now approached an important topic, of whichthe
consideration was equally important—it was the in...
fliction of capital punishment for forgery. He thought
that the authors of the cash payments had merited
the thanks of the Legislature, if not for the measure
'itself, at' least for its having removed the necessity 4
such a waste of human life. The small Butkansieh
had disappeared, and the dimktution of prosecedois
for forgery 'had been so great that the proportion 4.,
last year, when contrasted with the preceding yearn
as one to two. The statement was as follows: 41
Charged.. Convicted. Parma
In 1021. - - let - - - 76 . . . 10
In I.s - - eh. -- .- 36 -- - a
This proportion he regarded as highly advantageous j
whin con-lialted With the former years, and as laic
paratory to tlieintrochiction of a better system of pu.
nishment for that crime. For the crime of private
gery he thought a regulation of a similar nature
be useful; for it would remove the odium of c I.!
the death of a,clerk, of a relation, or of a honfi
agent, by whom' hat criine wis most frequently ,
mitted,while it would render the punishment dims*
-Fee are by rendering it lessrepng na nt to human
He would 'say nothing respecting Secondiry
Meets, because the law of traissporation would
feA
be brought before. the Hoare. lie was obliged tok
'sent from Mr. Rostoe whose exemplary homes*
could *lo'ne hair/ led hider to aninirldvert on the iltik.
city of our setond-arypunishments„for by the sew*
'of them he (Sir dames Mackintosh) thought weespeld
alone,get rid of the number of our capital . 4, -
clients. A i iglu 'peoal law was to produce the •
effect with the least efrusion of blood. Ours was - .
the contrary. He therefore wished to relieve -
from the painftd necessity of passing sentenced ***
when they kfrew that exectstion would not foilethile
last.pnint was, the treatment Of the bodies of seld"
and traitors. These were punishments sir that OP
could not feel, and must therefore only have the et"
Of yht4thing those Who felt an:affection dug* alit-
tachment towards the offenders. He would"
however, touch the pimishineist in the tate=
treason, but he avcrald wish to sake away the
! ment of goods and chattels in cases of ieiiillloo.
The principal &et df a s4ide Was hisisithasisel
the affectionate care and stiptidtit to father [talk"
family ; and what did the law of England 400
step th.'tO mate them more aitberalle by 40011
the thllclretiif she small savings of the other, ohla
if he. died posSeiied of large lauded propertylibt!
could not and did not touch that. In the 4).1.11.
case of high treason; the persons encrusted. vAiA4O
rying the WhOte Sentence into effect see-hied awrise*
of its odions nag! Tor the operator sets stwite44ll!
first time that 'poke was eitectited.io ilica-"0'454.. _id lb°
countrY; and there was no 'sound heard 'rein Per
piilice until is-birrit *Of IsiZignotan arosefrogrOo
when ehe first bloody head was held uptathes '
IHe found no mention in Braeton,Fortescue, .
kiss, but only in Blackstone, of the inter sear
2
tides, though all of them mentioned the
of goods and 'chattels. In almost, all cones east..
by the rich, verdicts of insanity. were ',
while among the *poor alone verdicts of Ftlitvgi
were given in'by the Jurymen. -He would
man to say, whether suicide was—who . ,
moral turpitude might be— an
.offeuce c :
_„.„-
V.
,by human - laws; the effect of which vote; 11 rigr 1
and withdraiv iheperson fi-omulth
~ !
This was a punishment odly sits thosesisho
perform the sarhe kind offices to-the letnah.ll ..411:_...,
dead which they delighted to bestow on the 1:11
Let not this be thought a subject unconnected

_ -
chitie 61, a ajtedttr tolls lfoyal Tathet, and too-,
some t)ierEad a6l -offal beanie 40141leted
ed tie- La Ilialillgt:t9i4tiet glkb liiillfsh.ii.frsitr frld-
ised si nine children ;so that e aiscbargaufluc -4041 and
tict•for lly' this cOkintri.--;
• visylatisttlfa tin t,p
ibst -10.1iierg .k,...mAir7,.1. • 611 .4 014Ver
mule candles. 'lie had so tar ned

criminal law, when it had sec!, influence on public
opinion and humanity. He'n
fo r Wished them
ponisliments
not to think
little of opini o
*ere inflicted in opposition ofpublic opinion they
oust fail in producing the *effects- expected from
then. He wished to array all good men against the
elan
gevous criminal, and to she him that not one la-
stented his death. He then moved'his itesOletiOns.
the SPEAKER then read the whole of the Rears-
unions which substituted transportation,
or' iMpri-
strntM°t, with or without hard labour, instead of ca-
pital punishment, in sevei al cases.
PEEL submitted to the House, that
fdr. SecictArY
those propositions were of such immense importance
that they had better have been intrnduced separately,
giving regnlar notice of motion for leave to bring
jh Bills to take away each of them. One pledge he
had given to the Hon. and Learned Gentleman, that
it was expedient to take into consideration the state
of the Criminal Law, with a view to mitigating its se-
verity. This question had occupied the attention of
Ina 'Majesty's Government, and lie was prepared to
state their opinions upon it at the beginning of the
session, but he would not take it out of the hands of
the Honourable and Learned Gentleman. lie must,
however, say that, in his opinion, the Honourable
and Learnerl Gentleman would be deceived in his
expectations, if he thought that ctime would be de-
tteased by depriving the Government of its power of
pardoning crimes of themselves by law punishable
by death. The Hon. Gentleman did not intend to'
touch the crime of arson ; yet, out of 65 convictions
for that offence, there weir only thirty executed.--,
In the case of burglary, which the Hon. Gentleman
also left untouched, the difference between the con'.
rktions and executions was far more apparent. He
tooted the opinion of Mr. Burke, as to the rioters in
MO; and the number of circumstances pressed by
biui to reduce the number of executions, none of
which could be taken into consideration by the law.
shewed the necessity of leaving a wide discretion
vothe Executive Government to make a strong distinc-
dod between convictions. and executions. They were
obliged to consider, in apportioning punishments, the
facility whh which the crime was committed, as well
sits frequency. In the Hon. Gentleman's enumera-
tion there were 200 cases in which capital punish mina
Sias inflicted ; of these, 12 were offences under the
Mack Act. These 12 he was prepared to give up;
aid this would reduce the 200 capital offences by 12.
b the case of maliciously killing and maiming cattle,
ally two instances of execution had taken place in 16
Ors; but, as a change had been urged, he was in-
clined to alter this punishment to transportation. So
L. in the ease of maliciously cutting down trees, he was
prepared to change the capital punishment to trans-
jortation for life. In sixteen years tliere had beets
two convictions, and one execution for this offence.
So in the case of cutting down the bank of a river,
which was. at present a capital offence, but fbr which
there had not been an execution for sixteen years, he
was ready to mitigate the punishment in this case to
transportation. The next offence was, that of sending
threatening letters. If a man sent a letter demanding
venison, he was liable to be hanged; whilst for send-
ing a letter, accusing an individual of an abominable
crime, the punishment was transportation for levels
years. He considered the last a by far.the most
atrocious crime, and he should propose an increase
of punislonent in that respect. The light WM.
Gentleman then adverted to the course which at pre=
ern prevailed, of bringing up a number of indivi-
duals to have sentence passed on them, when there
was no intention of carrying the sentence into effect.
Heiould not but consider this practice as tendingi
greatly to destroy the solemnity of the sentence.—a
He had a Bill now under preparation, which had for!
its object, to release the Judges from the necessity 4e.
passing sentence in such cases. He next adverted to
the punishment of the Hulks, which, he contende4,,
vets a.most efficient one; those OP •board the Mae,
were usefully occupied at times, on•the public works,
and he had it in contemplation to bring in k Bill, W
enable the Court to expatriate these individuali tinder
certain
regulations, and to employ them on public
*ks abroad, say at Bermuda, &c..bilthe Weald
ie-
serve what he had to say on ibis subject, till he.brought
in his Bill. He considered the alterations .to which
ire had alluded quite as Much as could be done in
are Session. He was unwilling, however, to meet
dieltesolutions of the Hon. Gentleman with a direct
negative. He .would, therefore, move the previous
"legion en the Han. Gentleman's proposition, and
leave him to bring. in Bills upon any particular case,
if he thought fit. He concluded, therefore, by moving
the previous question. •
Mr. F. BUXTON expressed the disappointment he
felt at the speech of the • Right 'Hon. Gentleman,
Which, he said, went to effect nothing in the way of
Inn human life, and must declare his hopes that
hirHen. Friend would press his motion to a division.
Mr. SCARLETT had felt great satisfaction in
hearing the Right Hon. Gentleman's speech, which,
although it did not go so far as he had hoped and
trisected, still conceded much. He could not agree
in all which the Right Hon. Gentleman had laid
down, neither could he agree in all his Hon. and
Learned F.riend's Resolutions. lie could not agree
to a general Resolution, pledging the House to a par-
ticular course, unless they were prepared to follow
Op the Resolution by a Bill. Here lie must advert
to an.opinion given by his late excellent friend, Sir
S. Hominy, in which his Hon. Friend had said, the
hest eiode of repressing crime would be not by seve-
nty of punishment, but by making thespunishment
agree with the feelings of mankind. He was rdiaie
happy to find this principle now adoptell, though hit
honourable and lamented, friend had mot lived
ise his principle carried into effect.
The ATTORNEY-GgN ERA'. said, 'the Itlefolel
Lion cif the Hon. Mover on this• 'on "progefed col
Deems
the.lieuse to adopt a sweeping -Itsiolsition applying
to all larcenies though to some of them , neither 'the'
time nor the Learned. Gentleman liad it all
• %med. This was takingibe House by -sut.'pr
surprize which originated in • the and Lained
Gentleman having deslined to GOLlSMUtlicite to anyf
illll,:eten to his friends, the nature of his Motion.
F • It• AtatalsN could•not agree entirely in dad.
"4esnlutions of his. Hon. Friend, -still he would, if tbi
•" House went to adivision, divide wish hiin. He could'
rather, however, wish that his fl
on—friena
• outtwov itlnfiaw his motion, and bring in specific Bills
and if lie did so, he hoped the.Hon.Cientlemian would'
bting in a Bill to regulate the punishment of lorgerty;
roputtioi.ing theimpislmutnt to the criminal atrocitey.-

Sir J. NIACKINIInIi rcpliei. 1k regretted to
find that the Right Hon•Gentletnan, at the time that
he asteed•with him in general, had an4iiceinlon for
each -particular instance. What did the Right Hon.'
Gentleman's speech aliment to, brit to in ingeniou's
exittosi, IA which all his concessions amounted to
nothing? They would not go to save one life in a
year. The only concestron was that which-Mated to
the.releasing julges from the necessityi of passing.
%entente. He would certainly take the sente of the
HOuse•CM this Reiolution.. If it, was negatived, he
Would. then , put the Other nesolhitlons for the pur-
pose of recording them un the Journals.

The Mute then divided--
For the Resolution - - - 76
For the previous Question - 86
Majority against the Resolution —lO
BULL-lIAI TUNG AND DOG-FIGHTING.

Mr. MARTIN then rose to move for leave to bring I
in a Bill to prevent Bull-baiting.
Mr. BROUGHAM wished to know, whether his
Hon. Friend intended to extend this Bill to hunting,
cock-fighting, pigeon-shooting, and fishing? For, as
regarded this last sport, he certainly considered, that
the species of amusement should be included in the
Bill; 'for he recollected the late Mr. Wyndham had
described this as the most barbarous of all sports,
since it inflicted double torture—it tortured the bait,
and it tortured the fish. He wished now to give no-
tice, that unless these sports were introduced, be
should 'oppose the Bill in its progress.
Mr.:IIIAILTIN said it was not his intention to ex.-
tend the Bill to these sports.
Mr. BROUGHAM observed, it would perhaps
then be proper to oppose the Bill being brought in.
Mr. MARTIN was surprised at the opposition of
the Hon. Member, as he had avowed himself a friend
to the principle of the Bill. The Hon. Gentleman
had applauded,his (Mr. Martin's) former Bill, though
lie opposed the present, which was only an extension
of the former. The Hon. Gentleman concluded by
moving for leave to bring in a Bill to prevent bull-
baiting and dog-fighting.
Mr. PEEL said the subject was not a fit one for
legislative regulation.
Mr. J. SMITH said he would support the motion,
even if he stood alone.

Mr. W. SMITH thought the sport wished to be
put down only nourished a brutal ferocity. He should
support. the motion.

Sir M. W. RIDLEY observed, that as they had
consumed so much time in discussing the mitigation
of the Penal Code, lie could not support a Measure
for adding to its severity. As for the sports is ques-
tion, he had attended them in his youth, but had
not found that they made him a bit more savage. If
the House entertained the measure, it would next see
one to prohibit the pinning of .coltchaferi and the
totaling of ties. In this and.eirery stage of the Ko-
ettediog to Would take the sense of the House, as
against a tneasure both useless and foolish.
Mr:V. BUrrOg_hoped his licaurrieud would not
Withdrair his motion, Althnnifi the Han. Baronet
w 49 h4cl just satdoWnlili(elicst tuteied from his at-
tendance upon these res,goctable places, others might.
In his neighbourhood, he "anew of one of those fight-
ing assemblies, out.cf which were taken on one night
most notorious pickpockets; and this was the or-
dinary character of those who frequented them. But
that was not ail ; for at the same place was a boy
who had taken the money of his employer to spend
there, and he had turned out very ill since.
Mr. BROUGHAM would be glad to know whe-
thc.r his Hon. Friend had vier, either for his amuse-
nient or instruction, analysed the component parts of
any of the meetings.at horse races?
The Haute divided—For the Motion -
Against It
Majority against the Bill
IRISH t ituNERS.

18
47
--€-'9

Mr.-S. RICE moved for leave to bring in a Balm
'regulate the office of.Coroner.in
GOULBORN apposed .the motion, on the
ground that this was a Bill.calculated to alter what
had hut 'Session been done,in'essimilating the law of
'lreland to the law of England.
Sir JOHN NEWPORrsupported the motion, be-
cause he deprecated the alteration in the Irish law
•
made last year.
Mr. R. MARTIN strenuously opposed the Bill.
Mr. S. RICE declined, in thpt state of the House,
calling for a division, and the motion was negatived
without one. .
The other Orders of the Day were then disposed off aid the
House adjourned at Half-past Two.

•
itt4fica
41...1r•
IfORTHrt PARTIGVLARS 01 THE GREAT 111 r
• • • zattIVIUS WRING. ARG NrA TE.
'Mt; mite); fromtl*ccfebrity of the men; hid ex;
cited more then ordinary attention. It was for 20Q
sovereigns a:side, and more interest was excited by
it than• any meeting of the Fiend' and Spaniitrds
could produce —.The prowess of Spring it? combat,
from his youthful starts, promised fair, but
siitise-
quent victories had placed him as one of! tifie hilid Of
the list of boxers, and in this he' wat is IKr.foi the
Chomiplonship, a title merely hanoraq, *idiom Iv-
ward, 'WI the exception of some sprigs of Luck, who
occasionally drop theirAinsiej an mottarc4.for the
ambition Of notice in being sten wlth them. Neale
fought Ofiver•and won, but with few laurels. He
beat Otis, and gained loads of them. The fame of

Gar Was' well merited in beating such rimer! as Gporgo
Cooper, and Neste then became* the of slts
day ; but erroneous opinions, overrated him, as the
present battle has proved. Gas w4s
.2 mart' &ally
two.stone lighter than Neafe - and much shorter.. in
lengths; besides he was a rushing riglit;liiirided pu-
nisher, which a left-handed man would stop,aith.a
blow; this was Mattes hit, and by 4 110p0t;4PP of'
them be won that battle. The present IWO, was
originally intended to have taken place on Hunger-
ford Downs, where Nellie arid Gip fought, but Tas-
tier, a constable belonging to one a -the. thinateds,
obtained the signatures of different Magistrates to
prevent it. Thus many hundreds of pounds were

misseJ in expenditure down. the Bath road. The
bustle in Andover, the stoppages by vehicles, and the
want of room to house the horses to refresh them; st as

indescribable. At nine o'clock the two fighting men
were in the town, and the avenues to it were all

choaked up, and the town was as it were besieged.
It was at length decided, without fear of disappoint-
ment, that the fight should take place near the silty-
four mile-stone, more than a mile from Andover,

which relieved the town from part of its invaders.—
Thousands soon surrounded the twenty-four feet roped
ring, and huudieds who had started to see the battle
were knocked up, as well as their horses; and as for
the toddlers, they were all beat out of time. The ring
was formed on Hinckley Dow ns,and at eleven o'clock,
the rain coming down merrily, the road was blocked
up, and, to let vehicles into the grounds large gaps
were made through the hedges from the road, and
speculators agreed to give so much for the damage
done, and the Bungay deal box would not lave con-
tained half the collections, at from one to five shil-

lings each, It was altogether confusion confused.
The ring was formed on the slope of a hill, on the
top of which many scores of the fair sex had assem-
bled, and, at closer quarters, the Lord, theprig,flash,
and foolish, all striving to excel each other, as know-
ing originals on a fighting day. The Commander of
all the Fighting Forces arrived in the ring at half-
past twelve o'clock, and his appearance was hailed
with demonstrations of joy. The foot-people occu-
pied eight or ten rows, seated, of an immense ring,
with rings of standing people behind, enclosed by
'vehicles half a dozen deep. The seconds were CI ibb
and Painter, for Spring; and Belcher and Harmer,
for Neate. The coloured fogle, the blue bird's eye,
for Spring, and a yellowman for Neate, were then
interwoven together on one of the P. C. stakes.—
At one o'clock Neate, arm-in-arm with his backer and
Belcher, followed by Harmer, threw up his hat in
the ring amidst thunders of applause. About ten
minutes afterwards, Spring, with his backer -and
Painter, appeared, Cribb waiting for them. Spring
very coolly walked up to the ropes, and dropped his
beaver within them. Hetlien shook hands with Neat,
saying, " I hope you are well." " I am very well, I
thank you, I hope you are." Spring was rather the
favourite, for choice, on the ground, and decidedly
the best in condition. The interesting moment had
now arrived; All doubts and fears as to a fight were
at an end ; and the aspiring daring ambition of Spring
to obtain the. Championship was about to be put WI
the test. The hands had also been crossed and shakea
together in token that no animosity existed betweed
the parties : Glory hovered over their heads- -Victory
was alike in view ; and the heroes wooing her smiled
were stripped for action.. To describe the intense in:
terest pourtrayed by this vast assemblage, on Neat*
and Spring placing themselves in attitude, is impost
sible. The sight was beautiful. Spring, cool, col-
lected, firm, aad confident, appeared at the scratch to
meet his renowned and formidable opponent, whO
'had obtained so much notoriety by his conquest-over
the late terrific Gas-light man. Neate, equallycon-
fident—nay more, if his countenance bespoke his
mind, thinking it presuniption for any boxer on the
list to dispute Iris right to the enviable title of Cham-
pion, .chewed at the mask ready to disniiss his adver-
sary by one hit for the temerity he had thus strewn. ,
Round 1. A keg pause of two minutes in the combatants
looking at each other—dodging about for two minutes longer—
Spring let fly with his left hand, but no mischief was done. Neate
missed the body of his opponent with. his right hand. Another
long pause. Neate aimed a tretnendous blow with his right hand,
winds Spring -stopped in great style. Another pause—,Neate
again attempted his favourite slaughtering bit, which Spring par-
ried, smiling, and nodding at his opponesu. Bring put down
his hands, but Neate did not avail himself of this chance. Spring
then put himself into one of the-finest attitudes for admlnistering
punishment tver witnessed, and endeavoured to plant a bit with
his right. hand, whigh.Neate stopped in the most scientific man-
ner...-(the Bristolians shouting " Bravo, Neate !")—Spring now
went to wet* ;' sonic blows were exchanged, sod Springs bits
were so severe an his opponent's canaister, that he corned him-
self round. They afterwards Followed each dther across the ring,
when Spring, in retreating from some well meant limy blows,
got into a corner againat_the stakr.s.-(" Now's the time!" says
'rem Beleher)--but the defensive position, of Spring was eti ex-
•cellent, that he was not to be got zt withotit great danger to
Neate which the latter perceivingtdid not go near enough to
&tinny:thing like terrific execution. Spring fought Isis way out
rklifiltsrmintf—a slow ensued; when Neste had neady get Spring
oft pis ,cgs; but. in struggling for the throw,. Spring, with the
tamort!dexterity, tumid Neate over in his arms; sent bim' to the
groimd, and fell upon him.----Oreat strutting —7 to 4 on Spring.
&mien traurend ten minutes had now elapsed.
S. Bah the combaters, displayed great caution.
,Spring. stood
fanzine a rock, :Pius not beipg ablcto get at him. the fatter,
howyrs,•endeerovned ioplapt a. hit, but it fell shori ; when
spring, with hls rilaritsna, pot In ter 'Ogre a blow over './kleate's ,
ert, thaitheiliAN -felleited• it insty. Ibis eeolesed
-Witollfetw slide; he tried to givetbil opponent a burly blow
kW and SpFing, furFre a

alrY. Yi was.bit t tp
but it was adtabitreeti mat ba