Star.
London, England, 1831-04-29 00:00:00

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Hoop, Detuarata, ht Feb. 1831.

IMPORTANT RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS NOW IN
PROGRESS IN DEMERARA. FOR OBTAINING NA-
TIVE RAW SUGAR FROM THE CANE JUICE.
Front the &liana Chronicle and Demerara Goodie.
TO TIIE FLANTZAS OT DIENAIARA AND essadomo.
ts tolemen.—The attention that has been latterly excited by the ya-
re„iit attempts to improve the manufacture of the staple produce of the
whilst it evinces your sense of the importance of the subject,
implies a conviction on your part that the manufacture of sugar is
susceptible of improvement. also encourages a hope that any commtud-
ration, which may have for its object the accomplishment of so desha-
tie an end, and one so intimately connected with your interests, will, in
Its turn, meet with its share of attention.
The respective merits of the several systems which have from time
to time, been proposed for your adoption, have not only been the topic
of much private discussion, but have given rise to some animated con-
ooversy in the public prints—in the course of which, allusions have
been made to the principle of boiling in vaeuo.
Several months have elapsed since my arrival in this colony for the
express purpose of introducing this scientific system, which though,
till now, never applied to the original practice of manufacturing sugar
from the cane—has, by the advantages resulting from its adoption by
the principal refiners of Great Britain, during twenty years' practical
operation, acquired the highest reputation. It is the fruit of many
scientific experiments, and much indefatigable preseverance, of a late
very eminent chemist ; and has received the unqualified approbation
of the most eminent of that profession, amongst whom are to be found
the names of Sir Humphrey Davy, Des. Ure, Trail, &c.
Although a long acquaintance with the propeeties of the vacuum pan,
might have warranted me in soliciting your attention thereto at an
earlier period, I considered it not only more respectful to you, but also
as more in accordance with the dice which, as a stranger to the
profession of a planter, I ought to feel, to abstain from so doing, until
the applicability of the apparatus to colonial purposes was placed be-
yond dispute.-in other words, until I had completed the erection of an
apparatus in the colony. I considered also, that postponing it till then,
the subject would be divested of that speculative character which is
always more or less attached to new applications, and that, instead
of having to meet objections, which •no doubt would have been raised
against the system, whilst its advantages were problematical, I should,
upon the successful result of the experiment then making, be enabled
to adduce actual multi, instead of plausible conchs/out; and facts,
instead of reasonings.
The experiment has now been tried, and its success is equal to our
most sanguine expectations. The apparatus has been some weeks in
full operation on one of the largest estates in this colony; and its re-
sults enable me to offer it to the notice of the sugar planter, as the means
of making a superior article, and in a much greater quantity than can
be produced by any other process hitherto discovered.
Although it would exceed the limits of this address, to give a detailed
description of our apparatus and the process, it may be expected that I
should give an outline, and, by a few general remarks on the principles
upon which this system is founded, point out the connection between
the effects and their causes. It is somewhat remarkable, that whilst
almost every branch of manufacture has been improved by the advance
of science and general diffusion of scientific knowledge, and its ap-
plication to practical purposes. the art of manufacturing sugar should
have remained stationary from the time that Bryan Edwards described
that process in the History of the West Indies ; and that it should be
reserved to the planter of the present day to make the attempt to verify
Hs predictions, when he said—" That it was no extravagant hope, that
the time would come when the salt of the cane, or what we call sugar,
would be made pure, and strike into transparent crystals."
The concentration of the cane juice on the present mode of making
sugar in the hollers requires a long exposure to the action of the
fire, the temperature increasing as the operation advances, until it bas
acquired its proper grain and consistence, when it may be quoted at
250
degrees.
The length of time required to complete the process varies according
to circumstances, and depends much upon the skill with which the
boilers are hung, the state of the megass, and the consequent inten-
sity of the heat, &c.
Practical chemists well know how injurious so high a temperature
is to the flavour and colour of any delicate extract, its tendency to car.
bonize being in proportion to its consistence; a desire to counteract
which, led to the invention of the vacuum pan, by the late Hon. Ed-
ward Charles Howard, and its application on an extensive scale to the
refining of sugar.
The vacuum pan is a Lege, strong, copper vessel; its form is ele-
gant and scientific; its pans are manufactured and fitted with so
much we and exactness, as to exclude the admission of all exter-
nal air. It is worked by the agency of steam, applied externally be-
tween the lower part of the pan and an outside casing. An air-pump,
worked by, and attached to, the steam-engine, is connected by pipes to
the upper part of the pan.
The pressure of the atmospheric air on the surface of sugar, or any
other liquid, boiling in an open vessel, counteracts the ebullition, and,
by thus retarding the evaporation, renders either excessive heat, or a
longer exposure to one less intense, unavoidable. The common culi-
nary operations of the kitchen afford us daily proofs of the effects of
fire upon animal and vegetable substances, and their tendency to car-
bonize. Milk. for instance, exposed to a fierce fire, not only contracts
colour, and a disagreeable taste, but forms a black and adhesive crust
an the bottom of the vessel. Meat, fish, eggs, &c. possess this ten-
dency in a greater or a less degree ; a certain portion of their substance
is tither entirely destroyed, or undergoes a chemical change, which
leaves it little, or no affinity to the original mass of which it formed a
component part.
In the manufacture of sugar in the teethe, the destructive effects of
socessive heat obtain to an extent beyond what may generally be sus-
pecied. It destroys a great proportion of the crystals—or, what is the
same, it converts the syrup, which would otherwise crystallize, into
molasses, by which the quantity of sugar is very materially diminished ;
and, by the creation of carbon or colour, deteriorates its quality. By
this two-fold mischief, the planter is subjected to a great loss from
which be now possesses the opportunity of relieving himself, by the
adoption of this system.
The excellence of the principle of boiling in vacuo, consists in the
property resulting front the exclusion of atmospheric air, and the con.
scquent removal of its pressure; of being able to perform that operation
at from 90 to 100 degrees less heat than is acquired in an open vessel,
at which temperature i. cannot possibly sustain any injury in its crys-
tals or colour.
The crystals or grain of the sugar thus manufactured are very large
and brilliuni. Theta characteristics give it a peat superienity oversugar
made on the present system. It is also semi-transparent t this moves
its purity or comparative freedom from molasses. The size of the
eetstals involves a very important consideration as connected with the
Interests of the planter. It is, 1 believe, a truth susceptible of loathe-
matical -demonstration, that in proportion to the increased size of the
grain. is the increased weight of the sugar. A piece of candy when
broken to pieces, or in other ways disintegrated, cannot by any known
rower he made to occupy so small a space as before. The greater the
-tuber o: fractuies, the greater is the number of interstices between
them. and consequently the greater loom required for their reception ;
from which it is clear, that any measure of capaci,y which contains the
fewest divisions of matter, will contain the greatest quaotity or *eight.
A gallon of sugar of a large grain, and perfectly erred, will out•
weigh a gallon of sugar equally cell cured of I. small grain. By actual
experiments on sugar manic on one estate, four gallons of sugar made it
he teache weighed 241bs; foul gallor.s made in the vacuum pea
we.glied 321bs; giving us the result a difference 0 Sibs. or 21bs. to the
gallon, a difference much greater than was expected.
The cleansing of the liquor from its impurities previous to its
b
boiled, has long been a desideratum in the manufacture of sugart2
many attempts have been made to accomplish :so desirable an object
without success This operation forms one part of our system, and W
which we owe in part the production of so clear a chry-tal, by attenol
Lion to the proper consistence, temperature, and previous preparation d
the liquor. We have succeeded in this very important department,
by filtering.
Our system of potting and curing, is marked by several important
deviations from rite usual mode, into which it is not my intention to
enter, beyond tuakiag a few gennal remarks.
I have before observed, that sugar made on this principle, exceeds in
qualm) y oi weight, the sugar made in open vessels, (as appeared by
experiment,) in the proportion of 321bs. to 241bs. in an increase of 25
per cot. which I endeavoured to chew was attributable to the largeness
of the crystals ; which result corroborates the truth of another oirerva-
non, viz. thtt a great proportion of syrups is convened into molasses by
excessive heat. Now this excess not being required in vocum the pro-
duction of molasses is limited to the proportion which mute has given
to the cane. although I am not exactly prepared to state, with the con.
lidence and precision which I could wish, what that proportion may
bear to the whole sacchatine substance; yet, it is evident from these
data, that the operation of curing must be necessarily diminished or as-
sisted in the ratio of the diminished quantity of molasses intended to be
separated. I have nisei observed, that carbon, or colour, is another
eff,ct of the same cause ; which, being obviated in the improved plan
of boiling in vacuo, there exists no necessity to have recourse to those
powerful chemical mensuua, which were only calculated to re-
pair an injury sustained in the original process, at the expense
of quantity. As this injury is moved not to take place in the
vacuum pan, the sugar stands in no need of any artificial expe-
dients of this nature. Having, in. the comae of this leuer, telt
myself warranted in offering the vacuum pan and accompanying ap-
parttus to the notice of gentlemen connected with sugat estates, and
endeavoured to show, by actual results, that the advantages of this
st stem are not chimerical ; and, by a very imperfect and superficial
explanation of the principles which govern its operations, having at-
tempted to convey some general idea of its characteristic features, it
only remains for me to inform those gentlemen who may be desirous of
fu ther satisfaction on any points connected therewith, with a view of
-.Ale' themselves of its advantages, that as the Agent of Messrs. W.
of Loudon, I shall be happy to afford any additional
give estimates, make drawings and designs of buildings,

sm, Gentlemen, your's very respectfully,
THossAs Dooscost.

The Bator °Abe Guinea Chronicle notices the foregoing communi-
cation in the Mowing remarks
"We refer to an article on Sugar-boiling in Vacno, which we this
day insert. We leave it to experienced planters to decide on the prac-
tical advantages of the plan. We always avail ourselves with pleasure
of every opportunity of submitting to their judgment any proposed im-
provement in it process of such vital importance to the interests of these
Colonies., where such proposals bear the appearance of being the
ofikpring tsf science. experience, and practicability.
From anaurple of the sugar which we have examined, we find it in
'granular crystals, of four and six sided prisms terminated by two and
three sided summits, and sensi.transparent ; there le a manifest sn-
periority perceptible even over our double refined sugar, by the old
mode of refining—this is opaque, not is the form of the crystals ob-
servable on incidental observation, lly the addition of a small quantity
of animal charcoal, there is no doubt but that the decolorization would
have been perfect, and that the crystals would have been obtained per-
fectly transparent. It has a very rich, mellifluous, taste, and must
prove more advantageous for sweetening, than any other sugar, not ex-
cepting the double-refined.
It appears, from the experiments, that an addition of 25 per cent. in
quantity is obtained by this improved mode ; and we also understand,
that an addition in price of from 10s. to 12s. per cwt. has actually been
offered for a sample exhibited at the Liverpool Sugar market, The
apparatus possesses the power to make double the quantity of sugar, in
the same space of time, as the old method.

PANORAMA OF THE BRITISH
EMPIRE.
BATH JOURNAL, APRIL 2.5.

ARRIVALII.—EarI of Dudley, Lady Somerset, Le Comtede Mon.
tslambert, Comte Emanuel de Blather' Sir J. and Lady Paul, Sir 0.
and Lily Smith, Sit W. Call, bir R. Fletcher, bir 8. Stuart, Sir J.
Thorne, Gen. Mundy, Colonel Dick, Col. Jones Graeae, Colonel
Bowyer, Col. Rooke, Major Lewis. Captains—.Collingwood, Arthur,
Cuthbert, Dunn, Dawe, Matcher, Hooke, Dyson and dau. James R.N.
Lieut. Lipsemnbe ; Dr. and Mrs. Blake, I.k. Ryan. Rev. Mesas.--
Junes, Crook, Coker' Halliday, Templenian, Wood, Baker, Bateman.
A reward of one hundred and forty pounds has been offered for the
apprehension of theperson or persons who act fire to the ricks of hay
and straw at Hutton, Somerset, on the night of Wednesday sennight—
one hundred pounds by government, and forty pounds by Mr. Good,
the owner of the proyaty destroyed.
A barn and shed, a stsxk of barley, and a quantity of thrashed bar.
ley' the property of Mr. 1. Goodman of Clatfurd, in this county, were
witully destroyed by fire, on Friday evening. A reward of 2001. has
been offered for the discovery of the offender.—On Saturday evening,
two bean stacks, the proiwny of Mr. Harry Hitchcock, of Manning.
ford,were consumed by fire : also the act of an incendiary.—On Saturday
night, the poor-house at Fordingbridge, and five adjoining cottages,
were reduced to ashes by fire.
PALACE, WELLS.—In the night of Thursday last, an execrably
wanton spoliation was committed on the property of our venerable dio-
cesan at Wells, by some wanton miscreants, who entered the high-
! walled garden, lying without the north-side of the moat of his lordship's
palace, and dashed to atoms nearly every light of the grecn.house,
amounting to 1055 feet of glass, and committed other devastations.
On the morning of the 14th inst. the second day of our Spring Races,
Vincent, the landlord of the Hare and Hounds, on the road leading to
Lansdown, observed, in a garden near to his own house, some earth
lightly turned up, and on examining it, discovered a bag containing 72
!shillings and 59 sixpences all counterfeits. A watch was set. and
'soon afterwards John Davis, (well known to the solicitors to the Mine),
fetched the bag and its conteuts, and was instantly apprehended by the
persons watching.
BRIDOWATER.—At Middlezoy, near this town, is a steam-engine of
20 horse power,now applied to drain about two thoesand acres of marsh
land, the surface of which is upwards of seven feet under high tide
water-mark in the river Ferret, to which river this land adjoins, and
from its low situation, no natural drainage can be effected, and the
country is Inundated for many months during the winter, and often
flooded in spring, to the total destruction of the crops, and injury to
the occupiers and proprietors of the soil almost incalculable. During the
last Session of Parliament, an Act was obtained, by the spirited pro.
prietors of the land, to enable them to lemedy Ads evil, which they
and their predecessors have so long endured; and under the full
confidence of the opinion and judgment of Mr. J. Easton, who is the
sole commissioner named in the act, the works have been completed ;
and on proving their effect last week, the result was most satisfactory.
To give the public an idea of the power of this engine, it may net be
improper to mentioo,that the supplying drain from the low lands to the
engine is on a perfect level, in length about half a mile, andin breadth
8 feet, with a depth of 3 feet of water ; the engine, which is fixed at
the extreme cnd of this drain, on the banks of the river Panet, was
set in motion, and in about ten minutes it produced a current, the ve-
locity of which was upwards of 70 feet per minute, at a distance of
more than 200 yards front the engine, thus leaving no doubt in the
minds of the numerous spectators of its capability; and it is said to be
equal to drain four, or even five hundred acres.
EXECUTION Or Haw LETY.—The extreme sentence of the law was
carried into effect on Wednesday, at Ilcheseer, on Richard Hewlett,
who was condemned at the Somerset assizes, for maliciousl shooting
and stabbing Charles Capell Hardwicke, on the King's highway, with
intent to murder and rob him.
LITERARY bneruruYiow.—Mooday last, the present session of the
Literary and Philosophical Association was closed by a paper et Ott the
authority of Common Sense in Philosophical Inquiries," by the Secre-
tary, T. & Davies, Esq.
A splendid entertainment was given at Prior Park, on Thursday
last, by the Rev. Dr. Baines. The Duchess de Berry and suite, with
several respectable residents of this city, were among the guests.
It may not be unnecessary to remind the Reformers who have votes
for the county, that, to ensure the same, they should immediately see
that their names are entered in the land-tax books, now being made up
by the assessors.
The Annual Bachelor's Ball took place at the Assembly Rooms on
Tuesday night, and was characterized by considerable spirit and bril-
liancy. About 350 fashionable. were present.
A nest Catholic chapel is to be erected at ll'eymouth.
JIAItRIED.—Mr. Randall, surgeon, of Roeherhithe, to Sarah,
only daughter of Mr. Salgfield, of Hillwortb.—At Taunton, Mr. svm,
Addison, of Balmool, to Anna Maria, only daughter of the late Capt.l
Blake, R. N.—Mr. Jos. Matthews, of Westgate.buildings, to Ann !
daughter of Sir. Collins, of the Lower Borough Walls.—ltev. Edward
Bowden, vicar of Highworth, to Ellen, eldest daughter of the Rev. Dr.
A. Trenchant.—The Rev. Wni. Newland Peddar, M.A. Vicar of
Clevedon, Somersetaliire, to Caroline Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Peter
Cotes, Seq.—At Clifton, David Jamieson, Esq. to Mary, eldest daugh.
tar of the late Charles M'Nish, E.sq. ofJantaica.—At Lyme, C. Knott,l
Esq. to Charlotte, third daughter of E. Hillman, Esq.
DlED.—Patten, Esq. of Barnwell, near Taunton, 27, Mrs. Mock.
ridge, wife of Sir. J. Aloekridge, of Greenway—Jas. Button, 29,
eldest son of the late Mr. Buttou—At ll,lle Vete Cottage, near Frotne,
Miss Hannah larkant, 54—At Coogiesbitry, Ili, Mr. John Butcher—
At Twertun, 45. .11r. 8010. Doole—l n Upper Church-street, Dr. Hay.
ward, 92—Air. Jas. Purnell, yourgese roe of 111 n. Parnell, of New
King street—Mrs. Miller. u; Southeot-place—Cant. W. Shariand, of
East Teignmovilt, Gil—The lady oi'— Kendall, Eeq. Lower Cres-
cent, Clifton—Ann. 53, wire of Mr. Jos. Cozens, of Bristol—At Clifton,
Mrs. Margery Albucto. 12,
CHEL'fENHAiII CHRONICLE, APRIL 28.

Anarvaxs.—Rev. Lord, and Ludy William Somerset, Lord Boyne,
Lord J. Stewart, the Ladies Bourke, Lady Nisbfit. sir R. B. and Lady
Phillips, Sir Robert Price, Compte Zabello Col. Broughton, Col.
Welsh, CoL Montle. Col. Woßerton, Col. Wood, Licut..CuL Baines.
Lieut.-Col. W. L. Watson, Major and Mrs. Danterton, Major Lewis,
Major Mahon. Major
i Powell, Major Mackay, Dr. Griffiths, Dr.
Wolseley, Dr. Beattie Rev Mr. Street, Captain Engstrom, Captain
and Mrs. Hepburn, Captain Collier, Captain Anatice, Cap. Macdonald,
Captain Dawes,
AssEnßLY.ltoons.—On Monday evening last, a series of balls of
the most brilliant character ever experienced in this faahionabk town,
terminated with a crowded attendance of the subscribers wbo assembled
upon the occasion and with their animating presence, graced ibis splen-
did establishment, as a mark of decided approval of the uniform spirited
conduct and liberality of the proprietor throughout the management of
these Winter Assemblies.
lIIARRIED.—Cuptain John Campbell, of the Spa, Gloucester, to
Miss Stone, of Beaufort.buildinp.
DlED.—Miss Ballinger, 54-26, Adeline, wife of Mr. F. H. Bath,
of Leckhampion—at Stratford, near &loud, 73, Nathaniel Jones, Esq.
BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, APRIL 23.

Fars SCHOOL BILL.—The Committee met on Friday last, when
the case or the Governors was opened by Mr. Whewley's brother, as
Counsel ; whose speech occupied the whole afternoon, till the adjourn-
ment at three o'clock. The Learned Counsel in his opening
address stated, that the bill as proposed by the Governors,
had been fully appprovcd by the Lord Chancellor, (Lord
Brougham.) The Committee adjourned over Saturday, met
again on Monday, at twelve, and commenced with the examination
or Mr. Whatcley, who was called to prove the preamble of the bill.
Examination in chiei ; hlr.Whatele jr:iposed to the complete approval
rn or the Govern scheme by Lord ham We hear that the de-
putation representing the opposition to to bill, had an interview with
that noble lord on Sunday, respecting this alleged consent; and
stated to his lordship the prejudicial use thus made of his name
by the Governors in the Committee. 1 he particulars of that in.
terview we arc not apprised of, but we understand it was highly
courteous and satiafactory to the gentlemen who attended, and that
they fully apprised his lordship of the objects and merits of the
case of the inhabitants. On Tuesday morning, at the opening of the
committee, Mr. Lawley, the chairman, addressed them as followe s
—" I feel it my duty to state to the Committee that in consequence of
a message I received yesterday from the Lord Chancellor, I waited upon
his Lordship, who having heard it had been frequently swag is tho
Committee that he had expressed his entire and full ap of the
Bill as it proceeded from the Lards to the Commons, me Ma-

tinedy to state to the Clileinittee, that be never had expressed his ap.
probation of the deans et the muses's."
Taxes.—Some of the ammeed lass were reduced, by MI act parsed
on the 16th of July he mad ea pram have new to make NUM=
for another year, diey abseil bet Ohm heillNikell• boo dm
delivered to them, as well se hem the mew= ettreassgre. of the
particulars of those redactions, bale Mery the
Boemor tient. Elninstr.—We wain that andlinklb 18
making in the &emetics of these wises t emit _
um
1112,!
the committee have card 1111111.111111NRS fer lab. adviso et r
situation which nature se nisikehty provided he laying sat them
grounds as a place of resort he the reepeetabk inhabitants of the town
and Deighboutheod.
NATIONAL RRPOSITORTATORRII the many valuable aml
tent institutions with which this country is adorned, the Nation=
pository. Pall Mall, London, for the exhibition of new and improved
productions, will take the most prominent rank in polid-
cal or moral. The extensive scale of usetidasta ea g=inrinindsd,
renders it a most favourable medium to all cameo of the esummoky for
bringing into public notice the productions of thdr &111 and ininnal%
whereby themselves and the public at large may be mat materially be-
nefited, which, tor want of such an institution would, to the more
obscure part of our industrious artisans, have been a matter of impos-
sibility.
Pastszir STA?! or Faaarcz.—At a meeting of the political coun-
cil on Tuesday last, Mr. Arwood mentioned an extraordinary fact on
the authority of Mr. Jacob, the statistical writer. He stated that
32,000 bankruptcies had occurred in France, since the revolution in
July last.
The Craven Arms Hotel, Coventry, was sold by public auction, by
Messrs. Margetts and Son, yesterday week, to Mr. Hart, liquor mer-
chant, of London, for 3,9401.
BIRMINGHAM Coax MARKETWO have had a good supply of
grain at to-day's market, but very little business date. Wheat, per
62 lbs. old and new, fie to 10s ; Barley, per imperial quarter, for
malting, 42s to 48s; grinding, per 49 lbs. 3s 9d to Is 3d. Malt, per
imperial quarter, old and new, 54s to 66e. Oats, per 39 lbs. old and
new, 3s 11 to 3s 9d. Flour, per sack of 2801 b.. net, fine 58s to 60s;
seconds, 55s to 5711.
NAT-MARILET:There being • pretty good demand for both hay
straw, each was a little dearer. Hay, Gus to 90s ; Straw, 55e to 655.
per ton.
13attrnrixim.—There was a plentiful supply; the trade dull. Beef,
scl to 6tl; mutton, 5d to 611; veal, 6d to 71 per pound. Fat Pigs, 8s
to 9s 6d per score.
211ARIIIED.—W.& Burman, Esq. solicitor, to Anne Eliza, daugh-
ter of John Barry, Eaq. of Caroline Cottage..—At Stratford-upon-Avon
Mr. P. 'f. Proctor, to Sarah, daughter of Mr. Joseph Warrilow.—John
Elcy, Eaq. of Alpert, to Elizabeth, youngest daughter a the late Mr.
Benjamin Fox.—At Leamington, the Rev. G. Pease, to Jane, young-
est daughter of the late John Swinfen, Esq,—Richard Bolden, Esq. late
of Derby, to Sarah, youngest daughter of Mr. Abraham Edmunds, of
irtneeeter.—The Rev. Samuel Ram sden Roe, to Anne Whithurst, only
child of the Rev. John Ellis, of Wootton Wawen.—At Meole, Charles
VauAlian, of Kingsland, to Lucia, second daughter of the late Robert
Hale, Esq.—Lieut. Tudor, R.N. to Margaret, second daughter of the
late Robert Cartwright, Esq. of Oswestry.
DlED—Eliza, wife of Mr. Smith, surgeon, of Park-street, Wel-
aall—Mrs. Parkes, of St. Nicholas-street, Coventry. relict of the late
Mr. John Parkes —The Rev. Brian Hill, 75, youngest brother of the
late Sir John Hill, of Hawkatone.—At Pulverbstch, 70, Elizabeth,
wife of the Rev. Wm. Oilpin.—At Dimsdale, 42, J. Bennet, Esq.

MIDDLESEX ADJOURNED SESSIONS, APRIL 28.
These Sessions commenced yesterday morning, before F. Coast, Esq.
and a full lunch of Magistrates.
A Magistrate proposed that a county rate should he levied, amount-
ing to a halfpenny in the poond, which was seconded and carried.
Gen. Thornton said he had a motion to make to correct the irregula-
rity in the delivery of the parish accounts by the parish officers ; he was
Induced to do so from the irregularities which he discoved in the pariah
of St. James, Westminster.
A long discussion then took place between Sir P. Laurie, Sergeant
Pell, and Gen. Thorntorn, and it was ultimately agreed to refer the
General's motion to a Committee.

themselvo
Oa: . and Son,
infor.latioo, to gi
or apt tratus, fie.
I /
Pl. Vrct.:2 en.Ho