Star.
London, England, 1831-04-06 00:00:00

TO FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS.

••• In the Political Department of the STAR, its Readers are aware
that due attention has been paid to the importance of the events pro-
gressing on the CONTINENT. This Paper not only presents the'
spirit of the best French Journals; but the original observations of
an intelligent Correspondent in Paris. The Revolutions in Bit..
0113 M, POLAND, ITALY, and SWITZERLAND, are events which
have so rapidly succeeded each other, that a Journalist has found it
difficult to make his arrangements keep pace, with his desire to gratify
his readers„with the earliest information. These arrangements will not
be neglected ; but, itt the mean time, the conductors of the STAR invite
PUBLIC MEN, in all countries, who desire that interesting facts and
statements should, in an UNGARILED MANNER, be laid before the
British nation, to transmit the same to the STAR Office, London. They
are particularly anxious to receive original communications from

Poland; and also from Italy, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Prussia, and
Austria, whether from English travellers or residents, or public-spirited
natives. Hitherto the world has been hood-winked by Journals and
Gazettes, published under arbitrary surveillance; but *genuine British
Journal ought to derive its information, as far as possible, from less
suspicious sources ; and this it is the determination, of the conductors
if the STAR, to effect as far as possible.

••• We beg leave to inkrin our Friends in Nortluunptonshire, that
Mr. James Ratnett, Bookseller, Northampton, has obligingly under.
taken to receive Orders, Advertisements, and Intelligence for the STAR,
in regard to that Town and Vicinity.

Every arrival from France affords us evidence that
nothing but a war will insure the tranquil rule of the pre-
sent Government of France ; and perhaps it is because
nothing but a war will give " ample room and verge
enough,"—to adopt GRAY'S tautological expression—for the
difficultly restrained energies of that extraordinary people.
Wars have often been commenced, and lasted for years, at
the volition of Kings and Ministers, which had their origin
in mere fictitiously magnified causes. In the well-known
work, sometimes erroneously attributed to VOLTAIRE, en-
titled, " Great Events from little Causes," there are some
amusing accounts of 'such frivolously commenced wars ;
hut in the present posture of affairs on the Continent, the
causes for a wur, between France and Austria, require no
tificial augmentation, tolrender them such as any statesman
recd not blush to advance, as ; dequate for its vindication.
probability of Austria retracing its recent steps
is small indeed ; and with all the people of France
in arms, or imbued with nothing but martial aspirations,
it appears to be equally improbable that any Government,
however pacific in disposition, will be able further to
restrain them from taking the field. It has been sup-
posed, that financial deficiency has principally been the
cause of the hesitation of the present and preceding
Ministries, from pursuing policy so popular; and there may
ba truth in the conjecture. It is well known, in other parts
Europe,or that nations cannot go to war as formerly, with-
out endangering the existence of the authorities in which it
0: iginates.

From POLAND the intelligence continues to gratify the
lovers of Ecedorn. The Russians have now, it seems, to
encounter the inundations of the Vistula ; and the utter de-
struction of their army, either for offence or defence, seems
inevitable. The head-quarters may shift ; but their mighty
host will have found graves or prisons in Poland. Never
did proscription and arbitrary power receive a more striking
lesson.

In ITALY, the Austrians march over the protocols and
their principles, with such rapidity, as to afford an excuse
to the PER lER Ministry, that the interference of France
will now be useless ! By the last accounts, an Austrian
division was in full march upon ROME !

The Nurembergh Correspondent, of the 29th March,
received this day, states that, "by the last post, orders
were received to organize a corps of 20,000 Landwehr, in
the Tyrol, of which 5,000 are to be ready for active service.
The Government has all at once suspended all public works
of every kind, which have no connection with military ar-
maments."

On Saturday we published exclusively the returns of re-
venue, as made up to that day in the three departments, and
to-day we give the general returns, which, we are happy
to observe, confirm the authenticity of our summary. It
appears that the decrease on the quarter, in comparison with
the same quarter last year, is £740,000, and that the de-
crease on the year is a million and a third. The revenue to
April 5, 1830, was £46,894.061, and to April 5, 1831, was
but £45,759,114.

Now, on this subject we shall not condole with some of
our contemporaries, nor lament with some such Chancellors
of the Exchequer as we have bad within the last forty years;
but we will sincerely congratulate the public, on the dimi-
nution of taxation, and thank the present Chancellor of the
Exchequer, for having so agreeably diminished the public
burthens. Our readers will agree with us, that it will be a
greater blessing if the same diminution takes place annually.
Heavy taxation—which means a large public revenue—is
truly regarded as the curse of the country, and a sign of its
degradation, not of its prosperity ; therefore, to congratulate
the public on its amount, as has been the usage of Journa-
lists, is to taunt the people on the pressure of their burthens.
Nevertheless, it is plain that low taxes produce more in
proportion than high ones ; and while this great principle
ought to be felt by all financiers, if acted upon by the British
Treasury, the revenue would be equal and the pressure less.
In fact the taxes taken off, were nearly three and one-half
millions, and in half a year the reduction has been but one
and one-third million ; hence it is plain that consumption
has increased generally, and consequently the comforts of
the people.

If the diminished Revenue render further retrenchments
necessary,—if it diminish the Pension and Sinecure List,—
if it reduce the Standing Army, and the public establish-
ments--this is a further subject of congratulation. And let
it be remembered, that a large Revenue, and expanded esta-
blishments, have heretofore been necessary to a Minister for
the purpose of satisfying those hungry cormorants—the Bo-
rough-mongers—from whose selfish support, for the future,
we are likely to be relieved.
The very interesting article winch we copied on Monday
from the Caledonian Mercury, relative to the WEYMOUTH
BOROUGHS, has been followed by explanations in the sub-
sequent publication of that paper, to which we gave place
yesterday, and to a letter of Lord GODERICH, which we pub-
lish to-day. The sensation created, will doubtless lead to
further explanations, and to other details from Mr.
FRAZER ; and from parties at Weymouth and Melcombe
Regis, to all which we shall be duly attentive. Nothing
could be more d propos than such a development at such a
crisis, when many unbelievers were calling for evidence.
To what extent personal culpability may ultimately attach,
we do not anticipate ; but however that may be, the whole
affair lifts the curtain, and most usefully enlightens the
public, if day-light required any illumination.

We have received Brussels papers this day to the 3d inst.
from which we make the subjoined extracts, giving further
accounts of the recent disturbances in Belgium :

BRUSSELS, APRIL 2.

Proceedings are commenced In the affair of General Nypels; and
those in the affair of Colonel Bowman, continue. Both of them have
been in solitary confinement since yesterday. According to what we
have been able to learn, respecting General Nypels, that officer had
some weeks ago, before the conspiracy at Antwerp, recommended the
Government to have a watchful eye on General Vandersmissen. This
fact is favourable to General Nypels.

There ate strong reasons for believing, that General Vandersmiuen
has taken refuge in the citadel of Antwerp. Count Vilain XIIII, Mem-
ber of the Congress, has arrived at Pails, as it is said on a mission from
the Government. Does M. Le Eon no longer enjoy the entire confi-
dence of the new ministry ? It is said, that the officers of the
regiment of Lancers had, on their arrival at Melina, violent al-
tercations, and that in consequence of them, Lieutenant-Col. Edeline is
under arrest. M. Felix de Merode has returned to this city.

Some journals have announced, that Count D'Aerschot had been
twice received by Lord Palmerston ; and that he had each time a long
interview with him ; according to. the Independent, these interviews
were not official.

A decree of the Regent, dated 31st March, orders that as the com.
mutter appointed.to class the officers of the army, according to their se-
niority, has hitherto been unable to act, in consequence of the frequent
absences of Gen. Nypels, Col. Borremana, and Lieut.-Colonel Hamesse,
their discharge is granted to these officers, and others are appointed
members of the committee in their room.

The Emancipation (Brussels paper) gives the particulars of the
riots at Antwerp yesterday ; and the day before. The city his been
declared, by General Beaulieu, in a state of seige.

The Dutch, to the number of three hundred, have just landed,
(April 1, two o'clock), at Calloo, a Belgian port, three leagues off
towards the; sea. They have cut all the roads leading to it
On the news of the troubles at Brussels and Liege, great apprehensions
were felt at Verviers, and all necessary precautions were taken ; which
seemed the more necessary, as a letter was received from the Burgo-
master of Liege, announcing that a person of consequence had left
Liege, with a large sum of mosey, intending to excite a reaction at Ver.
viers,:in favour of the dethroned family. The Civil guards were immedi-
ately called out. Happily, this maim e was not necessary, and the guards
were soon allowed to retire, as there was no danger ibr the moment. The
Regiment of Liege has published an order of the day to the civic guard,
expressing, in strong terms, the indignation and grief of the magistrates
at the deplorable excesses of the2Bth and 29th March, and exhorting the
guard to be firm and prompt in suppressing any future excesses.--

The Burgomiuiter announces, that the principal instigators, u well as
many of the wretches who were guilty of pillage, were in the hands of
justice, and will be severely punished.

Tranquillity is restored at Liege, and on Holy Thursday the people
crowded the Chambers as usual.—Brassels Papers, April 3.
The gold medal, annually gifted by the Society of Writers
to his Majesty's Signet in Edinburgh, to the beat Latin
scholar in the Senior Humanity Class in this University, was
awarded for this session to Count Leon Lubienski, son of the
nobleman of that name who now commands the right wing
of the Polish army. It was delivered to the Count in the
class-room, last Monday, by the deputy-keeper.
On Friday' night, Maurice O'Connell, Esq. M.P. for
Clare, accompanied by J. Staunton Cahill, Esq. left Dublin
for Ennis. The honourable member has proceeded to Ennis,
at the request of a great number of his constituents, for the
purpose of presenting an address from the inhabitants of the
county to his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, on his visit
to Clare.

CITY, ONR O'CLOCK.

Consols, which left off yesterday at 781 for the Account,
opened at 781 ; but on the report of an express from Paris,
with an idea in the Stock Exchange that the Rented came
higher, Consols went up to 78 :at present they are 781
buyers.
In the Foreign Market little or nothing doing as yet.

It is stated that a Prussian Loan is on the tapis, of 11
millions sterling ; and the old Prussian Loan, of which
there is about four millions on hand, is to be included in
the above loan, which will make the new loan about seven
millions sterling.

The new foreign loans, which are about to be contracted
for,will no doubt be severely felt in this country, by causing
the money to go out; and we hear that large shipments of
the precious metal is in preparation to be sent to Hambro.'

Accounts from Brussels state, that some commotion' took
place at Malines ; a numerous assemblage of persons went to
the house of the Government Commissary, demanding from
him an order for the release of all persons in prison. When
the Dutch retreated, he was obliged to comply with their
request, and the prisoners were set at liberty, after which the
mob dispersed.
LivEarooL, APRIL 4.—There has been a considerable
improvement in the demand of Plantation Sugar. Upwards
of 800 hhds. have been sold at full prices. We have had a
good demand for Cotton throughout the week, particularly,
towards the close ; and the price of Bowed, Orleans and
Mobile have advanced, in some instances, 1 of a penny per lb.l

CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.

Nothing is suffered to transpire as yet in regard to the
express from Paris ; all we know is that the French Rents
come 1 per cent. higher, had the political information
by it been of importance, and favourable, it would soon have
been made public.
The Dutch steamer has just arrived, but the papers and
letters are not as yet delivered.
We have made some inquiry in regard to the Prussian
loan, and it is said it will not be to that extent as we first
stated.

The Congol market is not so good as in the early part of
the morning, when they were done at 781, since which they
have receded to 78i i, and the same for money, there being
now a supply of money stock in the market. The back-
adation is gone off. In Foreign funds little doing, as the
chief attention of the speculators is to the British market.

The Ladies Paget and Lords George and Alfred Paget
left Dublin on Saturday, on a visit to Lord and Lady Clon-
curry, with whom they will remain till the return of their
father from his tour.

THE LORD LIEUTENANT'S VISIT TO CLARE.--Sa-
turday morning his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant left
Dublin for Clare, attended by Sir J. Anderson, Baron Tuyll,
and two Aide-de-Camps. He was to rest at. Lord Dunally's
on Saturday, enter Limerick on Sunday, and in the evening
dine with Sir A. Fitzgerald. Monday be would be in En-
nis, where he would be met by the Attorney-General, Mr.
Sergeant O'Loghiin, and several of the magistrates of the
county. His Excellency was to have a public entry into
Ennis.

The draught of a Bill to disfranchise the freemen of Li-
verpool was received last night, and is at present in the
hands of his Worship the Mayor. This, as might have
been expected, has produced a sensation. It was per-
fectly unexpected ; and from the circumstance of the writ
being suspended, and Parliament adjourned, many per-
sisted in disbelieving the report. The draught of a bill
has been drawn up by Mr. Watson, with the assistance or
concurrence of Mr. Benett, chairman of the Liverpool elec-
tion committee. It has been submitted to Lord Althorp,
who approved of it ; and it is intended to present it to the
House of Commons, on Monday, the 18th instant. At one
stroke it disfranchises all the freemen of Liverpool, and it
confers the right of voting on inhabitant householders rated
at ten pounds a year. Whether the reform bill, therefore,
Iss accepted or rejected, Liverpool will be in the situation in
which it is intended to place Manchester, and other large
towns, which have now no elective franchise.—Liverpool
Journal.
Lieui

Sir Wm. Houston, G.C.B who has
been nominated to the Lieutenant-Governorship of Gibraltar,
takes his departure for that fortress in the course of the en-
suing month. This appointment is in pursuance of a very
proper regulation lately established by ministers, limiting
the term for the employment of military officers as Go-
vernors abroad, to a period of six years. Sir Wm. Hous-
ton, therefore, now relieves that distinguished veteran, Ge-
neral Sir George Don, who has held the command of Gib-
raltar for the last seventeen years. The admirable order
in which that important garrison now is, affords a convinc-
ing proof of the excellence of the arrangements made by
General Don, during the long period of his Government,
and we understand, that particularly for the last three
months. when the attempts of the Spanish Refugees to re-
store the Constitution of 1820, had placed the Governor of
Gibraltar in a very delicate position, and one of peculiar dif-
ficulty, the conduct of Sir George Don has met with the
entire approbation of both the Spanish and English Cabinets.
Sir George Don is expected in this country in the course of
the summer, and it is a singular fact, that this gallant old
officer, who is now nearly 80 years of age, returns home,
after having been in actual employment, 62 years, without
any interval, a circumstance which has no parallel in the
records of the service of any General, whose name is now to
be found in the English Army List.
The substance of the great wall of China, which extends
along a space of 1,500 miles, from the shore of the Yellow
Sea to Western Tartary, has been estimated by Mr. Barrow
to exceed in quantity that of all the houses in Great Britain,
land to be capable of surrounding the whole earth with a wall
several feet high.

FIRE ♦T ST. MART'S CHURCH, MANCHESTER.—AbOnt
half-past ten o'clock on Monday morning, just before the
commencement of the morning prayer, a strong smell of fire
was perceived in this church, which seemed to come from
the roof of the edifice. Ladders were obtained, and, on
examination, it was found that the heated stove-pipe passed
through the roof, over the communion table, close to one of
the cross-beams, to which it had set fire. The alarm was
immediately given, the bell rung, and prompt assistance was
rendered ; by means of which, and the use of water drawn
up to the roof in buckets, the flames were extinguished with-
out the aid of any fire-engine. Great praise is due to two
workmen of Messrs. Hurlbutt and Burnett, plumbers, St.
Mary's-street, who were very active in stripping the lead off
the roof, and thus facilitating the application of water to the'
burning rafter. The damage done is, we understand, of tri-
vial amount ; and we trust the occurrence will lead to such
precautions as may effectually obviate any recurrence of the
accident.—Manchester Guardian.