Star.
London, England, 1814-07-18 00:00:00

GAMBLE'S NEW WORK.

This day was published, in 3 Vols. 12mo. price !Gs. 6d. boards,
SARSFIELD ; or, THE WANDERINGS OF
YOUTH, an Irish Pale.
By J. GAMBLE, Esq. Strabanc,
Author of Sketches of History, Politics, &c. in the North of

Ireland.
Printed for C. Cradock and W. Joy, 32, Paternoster-row.
Also, by the same Author,
A View of Society and Manners in the North of Ireland in the
Summer and Autumn of 1812, 1 col. Sco. price Ins. ed. boards.
" Mr. Gamble exhibits animated sketches of the prominent
qualities of his countrymen, the inhabitants of the North of Ire-
land; and creates an impression on the attention of his reader,
which is likely to remain, when more elaborate descriptions have
escaped ft oin recollection."—Montl.ly Review, December, 1813.
Where may be had, the following popular Novels.
Anne of Brittany, an Historical Novel, iu 3 veils. price 18s. Gd.
board..

I.t.tterx of the Swedish Court ; by the Author of the Old School.
4. boartl4.—‘ll,o, by the same Author,
.I.lle Prison of Mon:ttuhan ; or,' rinses of Terror, price 6s. btls.
Q TATE LOTTERY BEGINS DRAWING
THE IA Olt SEPTEMBER, 1814.

Q ...... ...

are .e 4 0,000 .
20,000
10,000
4,t 00
. 4,4 00
2,500
0,000
...... 1,500
1,000
55,000

SCHEME.
£20,C00
10,000
5,(P.)0

1~ x:'11

5
10 ......
15
21) ......
2,750

500
2(4)
le()

50 ... ......

:40

t4,t.uo 'r;el:e.iP. Jr: iootv
NO FIXED PR I ZES !—Diyi of Pi r.ring :
hay - - Ist SI..P:
vd - - 13:1i !,El' I ENIDER.
9d 1).11 - 17th
Tickets and Shares 31" V 5.11.11 F Ly
swivr 911,1 Co. the C9iitractors,
tLeir Offices,

No. 11, ProtTur ; I No. 31, ALDOAT:: 141011.
No. 12, Cii 4itite; Citt•il; S7eiLr.

rroce of a •I%cket

.eit) 17 0

11.ilf
(ou:trier -

331 t) 7 0 I EigLiii ,C^_ll fi
.5 5 0 I hivck.wh - 1 7 0

TO THE CURIOUS IN STOVE, GREEN-HOUSE, AND
EXOTIC
By Mr. COCHRAN,
On the Premises, o.) Mooday, the tath•of July, I S 14, and fol.
loss ing Da) r, at Eleven o'Clock,
THAT very Unique att.i aifsiCe COLLECTION;
the study and labour of many Years, of Mr. TUGS! AS
EVAN S. Crombie-row, Commercial-Road, Stepney; consisting
of very handsome grow'd Stove Plants, Palms of great ntagnireds
and value, Strelltzles, Musa's, and almost every thing that le
new and curious in the Stove, Green house, and Pzotic Calk*.
don from all Countries, Cape Plants and bulbs; with fire Bor.
dere of Herbaceous Plants, Beds of Tulips and Ranunculus,
large Climbers, Brick, Wood, and Glass work of three Stoves
and large Green-house, sundry Pit Lights, Utensils, the
The Collection being of such eminence, no comment on the
Selection is necessary, and only from a seve-e attack en his health
could have brought this valuable Collection to be parted with, so
long the pride re the l'roprittor.
To be viewed till the Sale, by applying to Mr. Webb, Florist,
adjoining the Premises, where Catalogues may be had, andel
Mr. Hill's Nursery, Laytonstone; at Messrs. Gordon and Co,
Fenchurch-street ; Messrs. Fair and Son, Blackman-street, Doe
rough; Mr. Mason's Fleet-street ; Me.srs. Dickson and Andes.
son's, Coeerse-Gardssls and of tibil Auedosieer, No. 7, Duke.

PARLIAMEIVT/IRr PROCEEDINGS.

HOU3E OF I.ORW, 3 U IS t 6.

The Irish Arms 13111, thr 11;rh s Bill, the Irish
Excise Bid, the Irish Postage Bill, the F,coch Nirines.Pill, and
the Land fat Commissioners' Nantes Bit:, 113P4; d through Com-
m tiers, and were reported.—Adjourned till Monday.

HOUSE OF COMMON::.

There not being filly Members present at lour ii' clock, the
SPZAK on counting the House, adjourned till Monday.

FRENCH EXPOSE.

PARIS, JULY 12.
CHAMBER OF DEPU VIES.

Tile Abbe de Montesquiou, Count Des3oles and
M. F. viand, Ministers of State, having been intro-
duced, the following Expod of the state in which his
Majesty f,tind the kingdom, was laid before the
Chambers :

M. l'Ahbe de MoNTESQUIOU.--Gentlemen, his
Majesty, on resuming the reins of Government, was
de,irous to make known to his people the state in which
h fouml France. The cause of the misfortunes winch
weighed down our country has disappeared, but its
ea'ects still remain, and for a long time, under a Go-
vernment which will devote itself solely to the repa-
ration, France will suffer under the wounds inflicted
by a Government which gave itself up to the business
of destruction. It is necessary, therefore, that the
nation should be informed of the extent and the cause
of its misfortunes, in order to be able to set a due value
upon, and to second the cares which are to soothe and
retrieve them. Thus enlightened upon the extent and
nature of the mischief, it will in foriire be required only
to participate in the labours and exertions of the King,
to re-establish what has been destroyed, not by him,
to heal wounds not inflicted by him, and to repair
wrongs to' which he is a stranger. War, without
doubt, has been' the principal cause of the ills of
France. History presented hitherto no example of a
great nation incessantly precipitated against its will
into enteiprises constantly increasing in hazard and
distress. The world has now seen with astonishment,
mingled with terror, a civilized people compelled to
exchange its It ippiness and repose for- the wandering
life of bum barons hordes ; the tics of families have
been broken ; fathers have grown old far from their
children; and children have been hurried off to die
400 leagues from their fathers. No hope of return
soothed this frightful separation ; habit had caused it
to be regarded as eternal ; and the peasants of Brit-
tany, alter conducting their sons to the place of sepa-
ration, have been seen to return to their churches to
put up for them by anticipation the prayers for the
dead ! It is impossible to estimate the horrible con-
sumption of men by the late Government ; fatigue
and sickness carried off as many as battles; the enter-
prizes were so vast and so rapid, that every thing was
sacrificed to the desire of ensuring success; there was
no regularity in the service of the hospitals—none in
providing subsistence on the marches; the brave sol-
diers- whose valour constituted the glory of France,
and who gave incessantly new proofs of their energy
and patience, sustaining the national honour with so
much brilliancy, saw themselves deserted amidst
their sufferhys, and abandoned, without resource, to
calamities which they were unable to support. The
goodness of the French was insufficient to supply this
cruel negligence, and levies of men, which, under
other circumstances, would have formed great armies,
disappeared in this manner, without taking part in any
engagement. Hence arose the necessity ot multiply.
ing levies without number, to replace incessantly, by
new armies, the almost total annihilati(ai of time armies
preceding. The amount if the calls iadt.rcd since
the end of the Russian campaign is Ii ightful—

11th Lulu. I'7, 1813 ...... .............. . ..... .. 350,000
Bd Aprit— c uars:b ot kfunaur lO,OOO
F 1.: tlrate!ht of National Guards
Guards for the Coasts 9/,' Ott
24th Augti=l-141 my of Spain t: 00( V
9th Oct.—Conscription ot 1311 and L.rece.:ing yrs 1 t:0,000
Conscripron of 181 5 .
15th November—lt eca lof years, 1811 to 1814 3C0,000
Jatniary, 1813 —Officers of Cavalry squinled 17,000
1311—Levies en-suasse organ zed . 143,000

1,100,003

Fortunately these last levies could not be fully exc.
cuted. The war had not time to cut off all those who
had joined the standards. But this simple statement,
of the requisitions, enforced on the population during
an interval of front 14. to 15 months, suffices to give
an idea of what the losses of the nation must have
been doting the last '22 years. Many ceases zontri.
bated, however, to rep..ir these losses; the im2rove-
riga of the condition of the inhabitants of the coun-
try by the division of the great landed properties, the
equal distribution of Mite: i:ances, the progress of vac-
cination, were t!.e most powerful. It was by means
of the influence of these causes, and by exaggerating'
their success that torts were made to hide horn the
nation the extent of its sacrifices. The greater the
number of men that were snatched away from France,
the more studiously was it endeavoured to prove that
she courted this ft ightful destruction. But even if the
accounts placed under view had been correct, the only
result would have been, that the number of births
should cause the number of deaths to be regarded
with indifference ! But another argument nits, to
point out in the conscription itselt a source of in-
creasing population which Mu .luced disorder and
immorality int-; m tillages concludLd with precipita-
tion and in prudence. Hence a multitude of unfor-
tunate Ernilies of ridiculous or indecent connexions,
so that even many men of the lower orders soon be-
came weary of what they had embraced only to slid
ter themselves horn the conscription, threw them-
selves once more in the way r f the dangers they had
son ht to avni..l, and themselves as substitutes,
to esc ire a misery which they had not f,,reseen, or to
break ties so ii! as.cricd. How c old they, b. sides,
overlook the reflection, that although by multiplying
these deplorable marriages, the conscription should
have increased the number if births, it took annually
away ft om Fr once a great number of the se full grown
men, who constitute the teal strength of a nation.—
The facts prove dearly the truth of so natural a con-
sequence. The poolation under the age of '2O years
increased, but tell off refr,ve that age. Thus, while
toe Government attacke d the sources of the national
prosperit), it di•played incessantly in pompous array
those ter:want, of resourci.s that maintained a struni.,
sig..inst its w %stein! masules, it studied to conceal
the evil whicit it did, m.der efte goof, not of its p:o
duct', at, which ve..s yet uo&stroyed. Master of a
cotmtry, whcre long labours bad amassed great trea-

sures, wlwre civiliz.ition had made the happiest pro-
gress, w!,..re industry and commerce had, for the 60'
previous yo tr.:, ►uade a wonderful progress, it seized
ail tl►e fruits I.‘ the industry of so many generations,
and of thc experience of 51 many ages, at one time to
promote its lamentable designs, and at another to
cover the sad effects of its influence. The simple ac-
count of the resent state of the realm will immediately
exhibit the inherent prosperity of the nation strug-
gling against .► destroying principle, incessantly at-
tacked.olten struck with terrible wounds, and perpe-
tually drawing from itself resources always insufficient.

MINISTRY OF THE INTSRIOIt.

Agriculture in France has made a real progress;
this progress began before the Revolution; but since
that period its march has been accelerated by causes
which would have produced the most important ef-
fects, if that influence had not been destroyed or di.
minished by Government. The propagation of good
modes of cultivation by learned Societies, the rest•
dente of a number of rich proprietors in the country,
and their experiments, instruction and example;
the creation of Veterinary Schools, which have taught
the mode of preserving domestic animals from con-
tagions diseases, have all been productive of the most
fortunate results in rural Economy.
The Continental System occasioned enormous losses
to the proprietors of vineyards. In the South of
France many vineyards were rooted np : and this
species of cultivation has been generally discouraged
by the low pi ice of wines and brandy. The experi-
mental farm of Rambouillet began in 1786, the in-
troduction of Merinos into Frances similar under-
takings were commenced by a great number of pro.
prietuis—in 1799, the farm of Ferpignon was estab-
lished, which was followed several years afterwards
by seven similar establishments. The number of Me-
rinos continued to increase, and the breed was in.
creasing every day ; but the Head of the Govern-
ment, who wished to subject the march of nature to
his restless ambition, persuaded himself that this
amelioration was neither sufficiently extensive, nor
sufficiently rapid ; and by a decree Ef the Bth March,
1811, he ordered the creation of live hundred depots
of two hundred Merino tups each, and subjected the
proprietors of particular flocks to an insupportable
insprction. Discouraged by so many injunctions and
probihitions, the proprietors gave up their flocks, and
the breed, instead of a more rapid amelioration, sotai
degenerated. The expence of war prevented the Go-
vernment from appropriating sufficient sums for its
own flocks ; and this imprudent measure cost France
more than twenty millions.

The establishment of studs has been attended with
more success. Formed by the old Government, they
' were destroyed by the Revolution, and were not com-
pletely re-established till 1806, when there were or-
ganized six studs (llaras), thirty depots of stallions,
and experimental studs. Towards the end of 1813
these establishments contained 1864. stallions ; but in
the course of that year 80,000 rses were required
without discrimination, and the loss in horses trim
the Ist January, 1812, has been estimated at two
hundred and thirty thousand. The refitting cost the
Government in general, firm four hundred to four
hundred and fifty francs per horse, which makes the
loss in money nearly 105,200,000 francs. The Mines
leave received a great augmentation. Our territory
now contains 478 Mines of all sorts, which employ
seventeen thousend workmen, and yield a gross pro-
duce of 26.800,000 I rancs, and a re venue of 251,000
francs. This revenue was set apart for the adm•ni-
straiion of the mines, but it has been applied by the
late Government towards the war, to the great detri-
ment of the mining bodies who remained without sa-
laries. Amidst these continual vexations, this chang-
ing and tyrannical legislation, this general poverty,
our fields have been cultivated, calamities wrought,
and our flocks pat tly preserved and ameliorated.
, Nothing can be a str..nger proof of the industry of
our nation and its qualifications for the first tif all
arts than the progress of its agriculture under an op-
pretisive Government. •
Postriity will not believe that we have seen one
man create himself into an absolute master of our pro.
pet ties and subsistence, condemn us to carry them to
places from wheel he chose to seiee on them ; that a
whole population left their homes with their oxen,
their Ito: ses, and their grain, to yield up their fortunes
and their resources to this new master, fortunate
when his agents did not add an infamous traffic to env
other wretcuedness. But let us throw a veil over these
indignities, and forget the excess of the tyranny in
an edmiration of the gifts of the Author of Nature.
What other country could have resisted so many ca-
larnities ? But such is the superiority of our sell and
the industry of our cultivators, that agriculture will
rise with splendour front its ruins, and will appear
mole brilliant than ever under the paternal Govein-
ment which has come to put an end to our misery.
Maine:mulling industry is in want of the same in-
dustry ; the improvements in mechanics and chemis-
try, applied to the arts, were productive of a rapid
pi egiess; the Continental Systtm, by forcing the
manufacturers to derive from our own territory re-
saurces hitherto unknown, has been productive of
some useful results ; but the obetecles which it has
opposed to the importation of a great number of raw
materials, and the want of competition, the conse-
quence of it, have raised the price of most articles of
Fiench manufacture to an excessive height, and given
a grievous blow to the rights and interests of consu-
mers. Several of these obstacles have already ceased?
reasonable laws respecting importation and exporta-
tion will hereafter conciliate the interests of consu-
mers and manufacturers, which can never properly
be opposed to each other.
According to the accounts of the manufacturers,
the COLV,n manufacture at present maintains +00,0(X)
hinds, and a capital of a hundred millions. The
manufactories of Rouen have already resumed a great
activity. The manufactures of Laval and Brttany
have suffered greatly from the war with Spain, where
they found their principal market. Those of silk ex-
perienced the same fete. Their produce also passed
through Spain to America and the Colonies ; but
that channel was soon closed—ltaly alone remained
ir them. But what may we not hope to gain in this
branch by the renewal of our communications with
Europe? In 1787, the manufactures at:Lyons
kept at work fifteen thousand looms ; during the late
ear, that itumber v. as seduced to eight thousand ; but
Lyons has already received considerable orders, and
promises to regain its former prospeiity. The menu-
lectures of wooilens, leather, &c. suffered in an equal
degree from the total influence of the continental sys.

tern, the absurdity of which they strikingly evinced.
It in place of consuming themselves in continual ef-
forts to diminish the effects of bad laws, our manu-
facLuring industry had been at ?abbacy, what migh,
not have been expected from it ?

_
COMMIMCIL
Prohibitive laws did still more mischief to com-
merce than to manufacturing industry t if the diffi-
culty of external communication narrowed the mar-
ket of our manufactures, in that at least which re-
mained open to them, they had nothing to fear from
the competition of foreign articles: and though this
might injure the interest of the consumers, at least a
certain class of citizens seemed to profit by it.
But commerce requires a more extensive and un-
impeded field. Reduced to narrow and slightly
gainful speculations, whenever it attempted to en-
large them, it found itself the slave of the uncertain.-
ties of a Government which wished to subject it to
its caprices and calculations. The system of licences
ruined and discouraged a great number of merchants
by raising hopes that were destroyed in a moment by
the will which had fostered them. Speculations,
necessarily hazardous, require that the stability of
laws should aid the prudence of men ; and that
abrupt and perpetual change from the system id
licenses to a system absolutely prohibitive, caused
immense losses to commerce. What tranquillity also
could the merchant enjoy who saw in the Covent-
ment a rival as greedy as powerful, and always deter-
mined to reserve for itself the exclusive cultivation of
a field which is interdicted to them ? A long peace
And stable and liberal laws can alone inspire mercan-
tile men with sufficient conidence to embark without
apprehension in their useful put set;ti.
If we pass to the objects depending on the M'
nistry of the Interior, and immtdiAt-ly subject to the
government, their situation will appear still mare de-
plorable.