Star.
London, England, 1831-01-13 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOR OF TEB STAR.

Your readers may be mauled by the subjoined notices, which will
afford a further proof that, lumens copious may be the weesbelory of
a language, its roots are very few indeed ; and, at the same time, show
the advantage of comparing different Lexicographers together.

" SRACK, O. to throw with violence. Teut. mocker., vibnre; Low.
Lad Scotch, mak.

SWACK, S. $ hard blow, or violent fall.
Swacn, ado. violently. Ea. I fell down mak
& something huge ; a bulky and robust person. Figura-
tively, a great lie. Ex. ' That's a meager:
fiwacmwo, adj. huge ; robust. There IS ales in Lowland Scolds
swath, an adjective, which means ' pliant,' and is derived by Jamie-
son from Taut. amok, &milk AU these words, in both the modern
dialects, seem closely connected, and so indeed &She :etyma proposed
for thew. After all, it is by no means unlikely that mud has had
something to do in the formation of them; and if as, we may look to
Anglo-Sax. MICA Emus.
Swatitsto, adj. lounging from side to side in walking.
Savants, SWUM S. the handle of a pump. Both may be variations
of swain, which so.
Swain, s. I. a low place ; s. shade, in opposkion to snaskine.
' Let vs walk or sit in die male.'
Swam, v. to swing 41th great farce, intern. To twang the
door,' le a better pluase than ' to alas it, which is very common, and
of which Tom's Jokiest* gives an unsatisfactory account. Anglo-Sax.
steengan, quasars.
- - -

Sways-wan, ads. obliquely mile.
Swarm", swam, a. a switch.
Serneass., s. that parts a Sail, which swings. Auglo-Sas. swing!,
flagellum; soiogskos, verberare.
Swntais,e. to cot off the leads of weeds, without rooting up the
Oasts.
Swot, s. the lever or beadle of a pump, old Eaglets. ' Genes ma-
chine, quo hawker aqua,' Fest."
Tea Ray. R. Four's Vocabolory of East.efogUo. Soliodgio.
fellow swiedging lie, a eery great oue. ' I swindged him off,' I laid
on, and beat him well-faenurelly.
To ammo, to hang. Here. Prigs, to your easy e,' aid over
a farewell glass to a rogue going to be hanged, by Syr "
A New Cooties, Ilistiestary, L05i51.1725. nem
To swum, to ha hanged. He will swing for he will be banged
for it.

Soute.wati.. a hog.
To swum; to best soutly.
Swtmeuro a yeas swinging fellow,' a STOW stout fellow; mitt,-
iay a lusty be.
Swains*, este who obtains goods on credit by false pretences, and
sells them fur ready money at any price, in order to maks up a purse.
This name is derived from the German word anhwissdlis, to totter, to
be ready to fad; these eta being generally practised by persons on the
totem or just ready so break. The term satitadkr has @iambus and
twilgnify cheats of every•khad."
Capt. Goose's Cissaiaal Diatiaaattrytif the Volyor Teague.
u.fpcollably from ',aka 1. a lewd weed Is New MAgland.
signifying aa faunal or vale,. a tract of low laud; 11. in England.
shade. Cye.
Swats, v. i. to waste. (See Steal.]
•Ow *Lai ta. t. • to**, for Mutt, by siagelog orburaiog off.
hi heir. (Leong uer.
.11e4earade.,(Flu.oweep,].hastily t crouch. !L isigasiso
isetal.]
.
•
(qv. sweep.] a pole supported .by .a foknwp, im which It
turns used for refiring water front a clsortstate,ike. (DO'
turps, swipe; sod 48' N. Mosissid it is promosoced Weep, os
trullueweep)
SWAT, V. 4. (D. a ffaagets, to turn. wield, swing, sway. This
and mod
a probably formed on the root of weigh, were, Sas. +rosy, wep,

swag, and probably nobly is written for swig, and is of the same
fa-
mily; Ice. sweiyia Sw. sego.]
Sway, v. i. to be drawn to one side by weight, to lean. A wail
sways to the west: This sense seems to indicate that this word and
sway, are radically one.
Sww., r. i [Sax. rittlan sometimes written weak. In Ame-
rica, it is pronounced as written. stem!, or seal.] 1. To melt and
run down, ss the tallow of a candle ; to waste away, without feeding
the lope : S. to blase away.
Swamis, oa. ED. swendek *A to cheat and defraud grossly, or
with deliberate artifice; as to swindk a man out of bin property.
Bwrsos tor, a. [G. adievindkr.la cheat ; a rope ; one who defrauds
grossly, or one who makes a practice elfsiefrandlog others by imposi-
tion or deliberate artifice.
Swuto, v.l. pret. and pp. swung. G. seitseingen, to swing, bran-
dish, beat with a swine* staff; D. siesomelen, to 'best • Sw. strings;
Dan. seingfe, to swing, brandish, soar. It seems that this is the
Sax. eseinpan, to beet, strike, flagellate. whence to :mingle Asa. Swing
seems lobe formed on the root of way.]
*rows, tr. t. Vas. orisons. airs.] I. to beat soundly,wliNhes-
thistle, chastise, pee& ; t. to move as a lash, (not in nee, 1 Idusem.
(The verb is obsolescent and vulgar.]
iternsaa, w. a sway ; swing ; the sweep of any thing in motion, Lees
in ow.] We.t.as.
&moan, v. i. [Wm swing,] to dangle; wave hangings sl. swing
for "leisure, [sun in use.]
Serums, o. S. [Sax. 'whops to beat. See Swing.] To beat;
demo lax by beating it with a wooden 10101011100 t resembling a large
hulk and called in New England a swing:Hag Indio. Flax is lint
broke, and then mingled.
Swoons, n. In wire works, a wooden spoke find to the barrel,
that draws the wire; a crank. Cyr.
SWINGLI•TRZI, a. a wldflie-tree, or whipple-tree.
Swnseinw.inunta is. a wooden instrument like a large knife,
Swown.s, about two feet long, with one thin edge, used
for cleaning flax of the shims.
Swnemnso-tow, n. the coarse part of lax, separated from the Inn
by swistgling and
Swano-sass, n. the her of a carriage, to which the traces are fastened.
In America, it is often or generally called the whiffle-hoe or whipplit-
4ito.
• Swam-wisar.„ a. ins time-pieet, the wheel which drives the pea-
&lam. In a watch, or balance-cock, it is called the crown-wheel.
CM&
Owes, a. a swaps or sweep, which see.
Sorters% a. [Sax. swipes, to move quick.] Nimble; gala. (No!
in sm.)"
Da. Wsserses American Diadem', of the Inglish Languor:
" Swstae, when used with upon, to peas against; ' don't songs
upon me.'
Sums, to scourge ; yerhuagets."
The Re, Jos. Hustrza's " RaUamshire Glossary."
"To sweat-on a candle with the wind.
To ewers, scourge; Sas. sseisyaw,to thrah."
TIL012•1111"0 " Letter to Bay."
" Swards, windy, cold, bleak. North.
Swaps swsat., to sin" or ben ; as,' to speed bog e sweated
cat,' a cat whose hair or fur is ringed of by sleeping in the ashes.—
Sweet is also sometimes applied to a Goodie that drones and melts,calkd
in Eliddiesesilaring. Anglo-Sas. awariow, to kindle or set on
fire, to burn. North and South.
Swans, the handle of a pump. Nos k.
fivrisor., to singe. North.
Swims, nimble, quick; ab Anglo-Sax. swippe, crafty, subtle,
cunning, sly, wily."--Copt. Gauss's " Provincial Glossary."
" Swim), or swissow, eat. supple.
SWIPPO, 0. the thick pot of a Sail is se aged, Arad. of Are Is
Norfolk It Is celled Magri. In Scotch swap is • sharp_ stroke,
Jontssow."--Rooss WILBILUIAN'S " Chablis Glossily."
" Swum, ato sweep, Sax. weapon, serer, rweips, peseta&
Swart, a. a long oar or swap, need in walking a coal-ked en the
Tyne; that at the stern acting as a rudder. Saw". to strike or throw
down with violence, similar to the action of using the swaps, wows in
Chaucer. tics the verb.
Swaim, an instrument used in spreading, or, as it is commonly called,
scaling, manure.
v. to melt, waste, or blase, burn away rapidly ; as a
candle when exposed to the wind. Sax. steelan.to burn. An old Engl.
word.
Sweat., s. s blase, an enlarged flame.
Swamis, or Swint to poise, swing, lean, Or incline to one side, Isl..
amdffia. Melinam, G:sth• motoeben, to move. It appears to be the
aloha of the legitimate swag.
Strews, to chastise, best soundly, Sax. swinges, flagellate, casti-
gate ; it ocean in Two Gent:melt of Vertuut.
Sweror.s.or ass, a movable piece of wood, to which the traces
of husbandry.iseeses- are fastened, the splinter.ber. Tent. sweagkeina
ribose. . ,
Swieres, nimble, quick, S. swipes, do agate. Vide LTZ.
600001.16 or Soyete, the spger joint of Ilan, Fr. iouple,,sepple,
or hl. swags, to strike; in Cheshire,
J. T. Buossitves GiNtafraWrirerth Coootry WIN*.
All, or the rester part of thews weeds, seam to have more se lees
affinity to each other.
" Defoillow Af the word twiny, as used look agsksicsao dis-
tricts a carespoodent states swing to be a provincial setae ter a
The Sunday Tines, Dee. 19,1530.
The Forint:lbl glossaries
‘ above cited do not famish any such Op
matioo : was this correspondest" drawing on fancy for a suitable
or eastmesleadog a fact P The threatening letters,
etymology,Sagtopp,awid Kent:—are we then to understand that insigned
swing signifies a flail ?' I doubt the Ems, thole; mingle in Norfolk,
(asswering to snupple oe sou** in the North, and to sire, is Clushire,)
signifies that part of s Aril which swings,' POIPT; the thick
ran of a fail,' N. WILBRAHAM ; the upper pan of a lAA.
BROCKIITT.
The account of the word furnished by &pother cortesipeadest, quoted
in the Casette of Voriety, Dec. 15, front the Saadi" Time, is this :
In the bay-season. the mowers generally cut the grass to parties of
from three or four to seven or eight men; who have a headman or
leader. Oceanology they stop to sharpen the scythe; whin dose, sod
the step ready to go os, the loader calls out ewasg, and the whole party
pan ws& with cutting down the grass. The definition of the word
awing may therefore be considered as we and all,' or ' one and all
;Ave agreed to cut you down.'
Is this a fancy-piece, or a real fact ? And is it true with respect
to goat, es the sons swing originated with the Kentish labourers?
Maybe One voted Glossaries, the nearest approximation to the state,
um le Or" is this • swingir, to cut off the beads of weeds without
nabs up the plants, FORST ; for this refers to the scythe.
Bet we have seen from the same antborities that to wring,
is a colloquial rather than a ptovindal term, signifying
•to be hanged ; ' I have frequently in familiar discourse:
beard the word used in this oast. Now the probability is, that the
facetious gentleman, who first assumed the name of Swig, had this
sense of the word in his mind, and merely intended the reader to un-
derstand that the writer was quite wilis; to act towards him thlrisr:
of a !sinister of justice, as a puni.ber of theAcrintes, as a eke i
of the law, as a hangman, as an executioner. fF, as he is, in of anion,
sometimes solemnly called a tkedinnon, (as we are told in D'lmsons's
Second series of Curiosities of Literature.) or a headsman.*
It is a right rule in criticism, where various intioos distract the
judgment of less intelligent scholars, to give the preference to that
which is more exquisite and recondite. bemuse lees likely to have Pro:
coned from the brain of an illiterate transcriber. sod more likely as
have been interpreted in a marginal note by the learned copyist ; but
in regard to the etymology of Words,the rule must 'Eminently be !el
versed, and the limper deivatien shltmb goneraltrit'Ordwied.
Nu. Sir, yaw walleislier,
X If., MAXIM. .
Thetford, Dec. 11.

•" To Uwe at aoothag !Ws IPfPfI9PPIA., • es IZ ativr 116-
viJodge opt sollieet ;to tlyt tab .01100 t re-
ropily. of a Wl4. A•bom Aimodaylias rim tallhato 66 'a py
tbe.e.beppeeLsote bead teriehod.eyltb ed• ode pulley i! ger Wig
ot
C3/1-igagl itbrigt, flersre*lTlVOtritifitillaa, by
NATI!. CAMMTBS, Loud. 1651, I2mo.

ber, 1783. Educated
gan his military service
doped at Boulogne in
of Ulm, and was wounded at the bait. -_
stein. Immediately after he was named Lelgionnaire, ant
was the youngest officer decorated in the French army. Ile
was sent into Italy, and from thence to Constantinople, being
one of the officers destined to defend that capital against
.the English. He afterwards offered to go into Persia with
General Gardanne, plenipotentiary minister to that Court,
who was taking with him several officers of different
classes to organize the Persian army d l'Europeenn,.
Chosen by this general to establish the materiel and per-
sonnel of the artillery, he built an arsenal at Ispaban, where
he cast 50 pieces of cannon, which he presented to the
Persian monarch. After having rendered many se: -
vices, and acquired much local information, he return-
ed to Europe, by the way of Russia, in 1809. He serve.l
some time as volunteer in the Polish army, under the orders
of General Poniatowski. He came back to Vienna, where
he found himself Captain by seniority, and was placel in
the Imperial Guard. Having returned to France, be became,
in 1811, Aide-de-Camp to the Duke of Ragusa, whom he
accompanied in his Spanish campaigns. After the battlu
of Salamanca, be was sent on a special mission to Napoleo:i,
who was then in Russia. He arrived at the Emperor's
camp the eve of the famous battle of the Moscosva ((th of
September, 1812), and the next morning, notwithstandinl•
the fatigues of an immense journey. from Spain into t!,
heart of &mitt, he was seen, as a voluntter, serving a
cannon, and wail severely wounded at the tumult against
'grand redoubt: Named chef d'escadro► by the Ewers,.
en the field of battle, he ret ailed to France, and afterwards,
attached to the sixth corps, served in the campaign of Sax-
ony in 1813. Promoted to the rank of officer of the legion
of honour, and oolonel of the staff, he was present at tlia
41aavaign of France in 1814. He served, in 1815, as vo-
AwMeer, upon the frontiers of Lorraine, his native country,
lwhich was then being ravaged by the Cosiacks. In 1817,
he accompanied to Lyons, in the quality of 614
Oa officer, the Marshal Duke of Ragusa, at
epoch of the important mission, the Marshal had to
discharge in that town. The Marshal's administrati
of Lyons was furiously attacked by the journals, aud defend-
ed by Fabvier, in a pamphlet written with astonishing spirit.
and frankness. General Centel one of the principal
rides of Lyons, who had been dismi..sed from office by tip;
Duke of Ragusa, accused Fabvier of defamation.TheCOlonel
though defended by his elder brother, an advocate of Nanci,
who gave, on this occasion, the strongest proofs of talent and
energy, was condemned. After the sentence, Col. Fabvier
was reformed, and the next year placed in disponibiliti. Com-
merce then became the object of all his occupations. , About
August. 1820, Col. F. was arrested ; the Government wished
to convict him for meddling in the affairs of that epoch, but
the Chamber of Peeks, assembled in high criminal court, did
justice to the accusation, and restored him to liberty. Nearly
about this time, Fabvier came to England, where a young
bdy of high rank and beauty, and wilinown t &whim).
able world, fell in love with him:\ n Colont? was
set lossoeible to her charms and Au erestedness, but he
nobly deferred a final union, till he kg relieved Greece, to
limo struggling sons he had already offered the aid of his
wart He agave it, and when every other philhellenin
volunteer was obliged to return with dissast, Fabvier
remained supporting every species of privation rather than
abandon a nation, who, though unworthy of him in many
respects, were yet shedding their blood to throw off the Ot-
toman yoke. The gallant actions, performed under every
species of hardship and vexations that distinguished Fab-
vier's honourable stay in Greece, wquld fig a volume, atid
let us hope that we Shall soma see them recorded in one
which will bear all the truth of history, and the interest of
reauusee. Maw, vsasiba 111110414 i *pled sit*, the gene-
rous Colonel's return to his own country : how forlunafe he
has been ! The champion of liberty in every coantry—
hal who had so lately defended the Acropolis—ar-
rived in the Athens of France, time enough to
aid insetting her free ! Fabvier, to whom nature has been
so bountiful in gifting with the most noble mental faculties,
is rude and vulgar in his exterior ; and strange as it may
appear, he boll more like a strong-built Smithfield butcher
than the most enlightened and accomplished soldier in Eu-
rope. His reputation ii more than European : be is the
idol of the youth of France, and Liberty seems to have
nursed and preserved him, that be may lead them out, under
his banner, in order to extend her dominion over the world.

REGISTER OF PUBLIC SAL ,ES, Jaw. 12.
AUCTION-MAST.

Mr. SNUTTLNWORTM. —A Freehold Estate, in the parish of St.
John, Southwark, consisting talpaclous tan-yards and premises. aO-
SMOD, lege Polo, pedoss, vacant ground; hr all Sit acres; the
ihrturesAo be taken at a valoadoo, the Steam engine, 4m. to
taken at the option of the purchmer, or sold on the premises; land.
tax redeemed—Knocked down at 3,7081. and withdrawn.
A Leasehold lisidance, No. 16, OrsoviDeotreet, Brunswick-square.
let Pew seven yaws Prom 1826, at 601. a year ; held foe 62 yobs, at
le. 10s. ground mot per annum-TOOL
An Annuity of 711. amply secured, payable during the life of a gen.
Roam(the grantor), aged 40 years; also an Annuity of 371. for the
New 1
An • Absolute Reversion to 4871. 10s. Three per Cent. Consols, re-
ceivable ea the demise of a Lady aged 62-1901. . •
The lievoidopary Interest of and in trip-fiftbs qt,1.00111. pow gm
Ont. Consols, receivable upon the deaths of two &militants, aged 53
Sad 67-1161.
The Reversionary Interest of and in ons.ifth of 7,7701, Three and
a Half per Cents, receivable on the demise of a Lady in her 80th year,
contingent on a life of 42 surviving her-41001.
MENAI. APPLITON AND Gansortir.—A Freehold Ground Rant
of 61. a-year, (with pommies of the Premiers in 17 years ) Nomad
upm the housei and shop, No. US, . Pidiield.Orest, Heaton, sad
Nos. 1,2, and 3, Queesstrect, adjoining— 9801.
Three Freehold Ground Rents, (one of IL and two of 21. Ws.
each,) secured upon the houses, Nos. 7,9, and 16, Qnsto-roort, Kim-
too, with possersioa in 14 years-2751
Two Ditto, ameMing to IL 10s. secured upon No 2, Pitisid-
street, two tenesseats la Boot-orest,,No. 8, Quetta-street, and a piece of
ground-1301
Four Ettoksid back cud timber bunt hones, Nos. 8 to 11, Faster's
rents, Lisle Osimmiatmet, and Noe. 27 and 28, in the latter sweet t
let for 21 years, at 461. per annum-8101
Four Freehold Hottom, Nos. 10 and 11, Lower Whheaose-street,
and No.. 1 and 2, Atddiske-court; let at 1231. a.year-1,0601. .
Seven Lessehold eight.ressisd Houses, No.. 17 1613, Great Charles.
street, Horton t let at 1911. held for 61 years from 1854, at 141, ground
relt-li7BOL
A Leasehold House, High-stiset, Marylebeoe ; let to 1842, at 50
pines. a.year ; held for 111 yeses, at M. 10s. ground-rent-4361.
A Plot of Freehold Witt' Ground Jot two Houses, in the north-
west mews( St. Johltimpare, West Seni,hileld-870L
Two lamehold Hosea, New-street, Doctors' Commons; let for the
whole tone, at &4L• WA as ft M. resend.atat-6001.
A Freehold RartrWoli. a diiegs, 1111.atmet-need; let for II
yaara, at 311. UK 181.
ree-6
: .•.„
•.. •
tato, 01.
I Giro tlo4sl.dßents of 41,04. each, arising out of Wil.
Ham's baildbp-4001.
Two Ditto, of 11. 1 ls. sad it' 1. sectoill speo.Noo. mind 13-2301.
r ..
a.. each, arteiag fro& Nees. Ad I c 7-31101.
A ue, giiiik.cbsty(bast ; let 21 'ears, at 421.
ha to'
. lososholl • - OIL mom, Ar aft pees, amply
secured
le taitYrit p
' • :054105. ad Jiaileowonete.
A humid goose, No. 9, Wership.Oreet, Shmeditels, aul a imp
Timber Yard ; let foroll years, at 411. a year.-9201.