Star.
London, England, 1830-08-21 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TILE JO,IIIIIALS.

CmtoxicLE—The novenn—t of England is a confederacy of I
a certain number of families, to make the property of the commu-
nity available to the furtherance of their separate interest. The
machinery by which this purpose is effected is somewhat compli-
cated, no doubt ; and the leaders are compiled to share the spoil
with a number of others, without whose aid they would fail. In
boroughs, the patron is somewhat in the situation of the head of a
Company. The various partners in the concern must have a share
in the profits, corresponding to their influence. In counties, the
leading gentry agree on individuals of their kindred or connection,
and in general the freeholders have no further concern with the elec-
tion than voting as their landlords desire them to vote.

Cnaonrcxr—We some time ago stated that attempts bad been
made to detain the Spanish exiles in this country, by refusing to
allow them to embark without passports, which it was im.
possible for them to obtain. There is no law authorising any
functionary of this country to keep foreigners a moment longer in
it than they choose to stay ; and we are utterly at a loss to under-
stand on what authority Custom-house officers demand to see the
passports of persons taking on themselves the risk of embarking
without them. The Courier at the time chute to deny that
any attempt was made to detain the Spanish emigrants. It is al.
ways best to come to particulars. We may mention then that M.
I Ponce, an emigrant, was stopped at Dovet on the 17th instant, when
about to embark in the steam-boat--that a Custom-house officer
Insisted on examining him—that papers of an important and serious
nature were taken from him in the name of the British Government
(and we know not on what law, papers can be so taken from pas.
angers). Several individuals are ready to depose on oath to the
particulars we have stated above. The poor foreigner, by this treat.
relent, lost the expences of his journey and passage, and was corn.
Felled to return.
Timas.—The sitting of the Chamber of Deputies on the 17th
inst. was distingiushed by a remarkable proposition. Its object was
to abolish the punishment of death in tosses like that by which the
late French Ministers, if found guilty, will Wl:subjected to the fearful
award. The Marquis de Lafayette spoke warmly in favour of the
motion ; and no one can oppose it, when, if it be rejected, offenders
are ready for the axe. The truth is, with respect to revolutionary
executions, France stands in a peculiar situation, and she evidently
feels that she ought to redeem herself in the eyes of the world. The
first blood that should now flow upon the scaffold would, from the
recollection of what has already taken place, inspire universal
horror and dismay ; no one would think or believe that the lives
of the guilty Ministers would be the last to be sacrificed. We
therefore hail with joy and gratitude any measure which will relieve
Europe from the apprehensions that past scenes are to be re-acted.
The speech of M. Martignac is not less remarkable in its kind than
the preceding proposition. He says that when he was Minister,
(and his removal from that station will always be regretted,) he in-
formed the King, " that if measures contrary to the spirit of the age
were attempted, Royalty itself would be endangered;" but added
the opinion of himself and his colleagues, " that no one would have
the fatal courage and the inexplicable ignorance to recommend such
measures to the King." M. Martignac was, however, mistaken in
the ignorance and presumption of those by whom the exieting ministry
was succeeded : some men were found who had the fatal courage
to recommend measures, not only contrary to the spirit of the
age, but violating the written organic laws of the constitution of
France as it then existed. And behold the result ! However, we
receive gladly the assurance of so sagacious a man, since confirmed
by positive facts, that France will not suffer her liberties to be
trampled on. Long may she continue in that mind, always recol-
lecting that popular violence and faction are as fetal to the enjoy-
ment of liberty as regal despotism. We recommend the whole of
M. Martignac's speech to attention. It is understood that General
Baudrand is a bearer of a letter from Louis Philip, the King of the
French, announcing his accession : he will speedily be followed by
a regular Ambassador. There cannot, of course, be a moment's
hesitation on the part of our Government to recognise tbe constitu-
tional Sovereign of France.

HZIALID s great error, and 000
into which none but unreileetbv or uninformed minds can bare
fallen, to assume, and then es reason upon that assumption, that in
the recent troubles in France gnat cations were netemeary, sad

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