Star.
London, England, 1830-08-20 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE JOURNALS.

Trues.—Then is matter of much more importance in the way
of speculation, connected with the recent changes in France. How
will they be received by foreign States ? It has been thought that
surrounding Governments have been tardy in noticing or acknow-
ledging the new state of things. This opinion is erroneous.—
The late revolution in France has never yet been officially an-
nounced, as all extraordinary occurrences are by special mission,
to any of the surrounding Courts, and till such anonuncensent is
made, no declaration of the feelings of those Courts can of course
be returned. England, it is said, is expected to take the lead, or
set the example ; and it is therefore with particular pleasure
that we can state our belief, that there is nothing in the recent
events in France, or in the arrival of its late King on our coast,
to alter, in the slightest degree, the friendly relations and good
understanding which subsist between that country and Great
Britain. The chief anxiety, therefore, is with regard to Austria.
That Austria may view the dethronement of Charles, and the
elevation of Louis Philip in his stead, with considerable aversion,
is not impossible ; but that she should go to war for this cause, and
particularly that she should go to war alone for it, if she herself be
not first provoked, inquired, or attacked by a French invasion in
her most sensible part, in Italy, we should think very doubtful
indeed, and inconsistent with her usual caution. Russia will pro-
bably adopt the same friendly course as England ; and the Kings of
Prussia and of the Netherlands would act more wisely to consolidate
their lately acquired dominions, than put them to the hazard with
a power that, besides its arms, will have all the prejudices of the
people embarked on its side. Indeed, if we may believe the Dutch
and German papers, such is the declared policy of these two so-
vereigns. Such appears to be the rationale of the conduct of the
several great powers
:of Europe. There certainly is nothing in
Charles X. and his son, even with legitimacy on their backs, worth
fighting for : at least we know that we shall not fight for them.

Porr.—The particular place at which the Ex-King of France
and his family are temporarily to reside in this country has not yet
been fixed ; but as we have already stated, it will certainly be
somewhere in the interior. In the mean time, the Royal Fugitives
have been permitted to land at Cowes in the Isle of Wight, where
they will remain until the final decision of Government shall be
made known to them. The Deputation from the fallen Monarch
had an interview yesterday with the Duke of Wellington and the
Earl of Aberdeen. It consists of the Duke de Luxembourg, the
Marquis de Choiseul, and Count de la Roche Jaquelin, Baron
Crofard, and Beurtil. We understand that these Noblemen have
set out on their return to Portsmouth, with the necessary instructions
in regard to the Royal Strangers, whose severe misfortunes have
caused them to visit our hospitable shores.

Clutostict.t.—The Paris Papers contain accounts of tumults in
Leipsic, which have lasted several days, the population having risen
against the authorities. No light is thrown on the cause of these
tumults; but we suspect the letter of a Correspondent, in another
column, will go far to account for them. We have had this letter
several days in our possession, but its publication was delayed on
account of a press of temporary matter. It would appear from our
Correspondent, that it is not without reason the aged, priest.
ridden despot of France, now a refugee in this country, contem-
plated a residence in Saxony. The Sovereign of that small
Kingdom, since 1827, is about his own age (seventy-three); is
equally a tool in the hands of the Jesuits, and has the same
inclination for military executions. In Germany, there is the
most complete freedom for investigations into all subjects, which
have no ractical results. Thus a man may institute an in-
quiry into the condition of the Pre-Adamites, or write a Treatise
on the Music of the Spheres ; but if he should state that King An.
ton of Saxony persecutes his Protestant subjects, and pillages them
at the same dine, he might come in contact with still more dis.
agreeable persons than Lawyer Scarlett.—A clever German writer
rallied the German Philosophers for continuing to dispute, with great
assiduity, whether the French were entitled to a revolution, for shout
eight years after the Revolution had been completed. ‘Ve trust they
will not be so long in determining the legality of the present Revo-
lution, and drawing suitable inferences from it.

PRIVATE LETTER IN THE CHRONICLE.--" Paris, August
15, 1830 —I told you, in my last letter, that nobody here appeared
to me sufficiently impressed with the importance of lowering the qua.
lifications for electors. This remark has been confirmed by every.
thing which I have seen and heard since. But I am not much ant.
posed The late Revolution appears to have been altogether inspro.
time : nobody expected it, nor was at all prepared for it; and as
the Charter had been the rallying point in all the disputes with the
Royalists, the reforms which had been discussed and pointed out
as atttainable were chiefly such as tended to restore the Constitution,
such as the Charter originally made it. Perhaps this is ra.
ther fortunate. The people have been for the last fifteen years in
the position of defenders of the law against attempts to violate
or evade it ; and but for this they might not, perhaps, have shown
the extraordinary respect for legal order which has appeared in their
late proceedings. Under the present altered circumstances, us all
questions will be discussed with reference to general expediency,
and to conformity with the provisions of a given instrument, ideas
which are only in the heads of a few poisons at present, will spread
further, and will produce in a short time a very sensible effect on
the general opinion. A good beginning has been made in a re-
cent sitting of the Chamber of Deputies, towards the improve.
ment of the electoral law. A great many places in the Chamber being
vacant by the resignation of Members, chiefly Royalism,
and the annulling of several elections ; and it being neces.
glary to supply these vacancies, the Minister of the Interior,
Guizot, came from the King with a Projet de Lot, which he an.
nounced in this way :—The Electoral Laws which have hitherto
existed, not having been abrogated, still subsist, and must be
observed in filling up the present vacancies, unless the Chamber
should provide otherwise. The permanent establishment of a law
of election requires more time and consideration than can be given
to it immediately ; hut there is one part of the existing law, Oz.
the double vote, of which the universal opinion has pronounced so
decided a condemnation, that it aught not to be retained even
temporarily. The new members, therefore, are all of them to
be elected by the colleges of ;arrondissement, "by which reform no.
thing will be prejudged with respect to such other alterations as may
be requisite. After the abolition of the double vote, the change
to which those with whom 1 have conversed attach most importance
seems to be the lowering, or the entire abolition, of the pecuniary
qualification for eligibility. At present this qualification is so
high, that none but very rich men, comparatively speaking, can be
elected. Mr. S. thinks, that not only the pecuniary qualification
for eligibility will be abolished, but the practice of allowing a
salary to the Deputies will be introduced, by which means it
will be rendered possible for young men of letters, and other
men of moderate incomes, to accept seats in the Chamber.
C— appears to me to be the only person who attaches
much Importance to increasing the number of electors. But 1 bear
both from M. P—, and from d'E—, and L—, that the local
bodies, both municipal and departmental. are by common consent
Ito be elected by a much more popular suffrage than the Chamber.
This is of Immense importance, because the local authorities come
into more immediate contact with the people than any others, and
because so large a portion of the patronage of the general Govern.
merit will be taken away from it, and given to these local bodies,
that the Chamber and its eighty.eight thousand electors, will
have at its disposal a greatly diminished amount of public money.
M. S— thinks that when the patronage is thus reduced, the
'secrecy of the suffrage, and the compulsory division of pro-
perty, which prevents the growth of an hereditary Aristocracy,
would ensure a good government, even without any increase of
the number of voters. However, he appears to desire an extension
of the suffrage. The degree of extension which he says is most
I talked of would be, to lower the qualification from 300 to 100 fr. of
direct taxation, which A— says would about double the number,
but this is mere conjecture. Mr. is for founding the qualifi-
cation not upon the payment of taxes, but directly on the possession
of income of a certain moderate amount. I find that M. S—, al-
though he has no great confidence in the men who are now at the helm,
is not at all dissatisfied that they have done so little at first. He says
that all the changes which are required are sure to come in a shurt
time ; and that if they came more rapidly there would be great danger;
that public men would bid against each ether for popularity ;
but it would become unsafe to oppose any change which has an ait
of democracy about it, however absurd, and this would ultimately
lead to a re-action. The public mind is not in favour of an irre-
sponsible Government. The newspapers are now criticising the Go-
vernment with some freedom, though with no asperity, and in the
right direction ; and there appears every probability that the King
and the Ministry will follow the impulee given by general opinion.
One is only sorry that a set of infrions should personally reap
greater advantages than anybody else from the change of affairs ; but
thia will continue for some time yet. Those who will take the most
pains to get into place have the best chance of succeeding if they are
sufficiently pliable, and do not offend the prevailing feeling. The bent
men, like Jefferson, are not ambitious of office, and unless a man is well
known, and has been well tried, power will not fall into his hands
of itself without his seeking. 'l he English are, at present, exceed-
ingly popular here, and the subscriptions, in England, foe the suf-
ferers by the late events, have had the most admirable effects.
There is not a man in any class, from the highest to the lowest, who
does not know that the English have subscribed largely for the
wounded, and they are extremely delighted with what has taken
place ; an impression which I have done all I could to strengthen.
here is very little political excitement visible here. The very day
after the fight the working people returned to their daily labour, and
almost unanimously refused to receive any wages for the days which
they had spent in fighting, though their employers generally made
them the offer. There are really no external signs of a re-
cent Revolution or civil war in Paris, except the impres.
slon of cannno-balla and musket-bullets in gamed the buildings...

the absence of mo4t of the trees on the Boulevards, which were cot!
down to barricade the streets ; the King's livery at the Palais Royal,
except at the Tuileries, the tri-coloured flag flying at all the public
buildings, and many private houses—tri.coloured riban& and
cockades worn almost universally, and the Marsellois sung and
vended at every corner of every street, besides being sung almost
every night at every theatre with the greatest enthusiasm, along with
a new song called " The Parisian," written by Casimir de IA
Vigne, on the subject of the late events. 10 a person, however,
who his seen Paris before, there is one change more remarkable than
all this. You see the National Guards everywhere, and the troops
nowhere; even the soldiers of the line are very much in the back
ground; the Garde Royale is disbanded, and the Gendarmerie has
disappeared. I went with some of Mr. S—'s family to see a easerne
of Gendarmerie close to Mr. ti—'s house. There was not a window or
window frame left in this building; every thing which could pos-
sibly be broken to pieces, the walls excepted, has been entirely an-
nihilated by the fury of the people, who always hated the Gen.
darmes for their extreme insolence, and who had been particularly
provoked on the late occasion by the savage manner in which they
made war on them. But this very people, who wreaked their yen.
geance so signally on the barrack of the Gendarmes, did not hurt a
hair of their heads after the battle, but took great care of their
wounded, and treated them with extreme kindness. It seems that
some of the troops took part with the people, though one regiment
returned the fire of the Garde Royale, when it was fired upon. They
remained neutral ; and though their good wishes must have been
with the people, it is said that they do not yet know very well what
to make of the defeat of the regular troops by undisciplined citizens,
and that they are hardly reconciled to it. They will never again
venture to give themselves the same airs as they did formerly. I
shall write again soon, for I have a great deal more to say, even
now. " Your's, &e."

MR. OWEN AND THE COURIER.