Star.
London, England, 1815-12-18 00:00:00


and the extent of country to be occupied will be the
subject of negociation ; but the King does not hesi-
tate to declare at present, that an occupation of seven
years, being absolutely incompatible with the inter-,
aal tranquillity of the kingdom, is utterly inadmis-
sible.
Thus the King admits in principle, territorial ces-
sions as to what did not appertain to old France ; the
payment- of an indemnity: and a provisional occu-
pation by a number of troops, and for a period to be
det-Irmined.
His Most Christian Majesty flatters himself, that
the Sovereigns, his Allies, will consent to establish
the negociations on the footing of these three princi-
ples, as well as to carry into the calculation of con-
ditions that spirit of justice and moderation which
animates them, in order that the arrangement may
be brought to a conclusion speedily, and with mutual
amid-Action.

If thew bases should not be adopted, the under-
signed are not authorized to receive or propose any
other.

REPLY OF THE MINISTERS OF THE ALLIED SOVEREIGNS.
l'arl‘, September ee,
The undersigned, &c. &c. have received the note
in which Messieurs the Plenipotentiaries of France
have replied to the communications made to them in
the conference of the 20th of this month, with refe-
rence to a definitive arrangement. They have been
surprised to find in it a long series of observations on
the right of conquest, on the nature of those wars to
which it is applicable, and on the reasons which should
induce the Contracting Powers not to recur to it in
the present instance.
The undersigned consider themselves so much the
more inlly exempted from the necessity of following
the Plenipotentiaries of France in their reasoning,
inasmuch as no one of the propositions which they
have made, by Command cf ihcir august Sovereigns,
with a view to the regulation of the present and fa.
lure relations between Europe and France, was
founded oa the right of conquest, and because they
have carefully avoided in their communications what-
ever might lead to a discussion of that right.
The Allied Powers always considering the rester-
ration of order, and the confirmation of the royal
authority in France as the principal object of their
proceedings, but persuaded at the same time that
France cannot enjoy a solid peace whilst neighbour-
ing nations continue to cherish with regard to her,
either bitter animosities or perpetual alarms, have re-
cognized the principle of a just satisfaction for losses
and past sacrifices, as well as that of a sufficient gua-
rantee for the future security of neighbouring coun-
tries, as the only means of putting an end to all dis.
contents and apprehensions, and consequently as the
only true bases of every solid and durable arrange-
ment.

It is only elm these two principles that the Allied
Powers have fixed their propoaitionc, and in drawing
lip the proja which the undersigned have had the ho-
nour to transmit to the Pie&potentiaries of France,
they were distinctly expressed in every one of its
articles.

The Plen'ipotentiaties of France themselves admit
the first of these principles, whilst they remain silent
. with respect to the second. It is, however, abun-
dantly clear, that the: necessity of guarantees for the
future has become more sensible and urgent than at
the period of the signature of the Treaty of Paris.—
The subsequent events le..ve carried consternation
and alarm to every part of Eutupe ; at u moment
when the Sovereigns and their people flattered them-
selves that after so many afffictiops, they were about
to enjoy a long interval of peace, these events have
every where produced agitation, as well as the bur.
diens and sacrifices inseparable from a general arm-
ing. It is impossible so soon to efface from the
minds of contemporaries the recollection of such a
convulsion. That which was' sufficient to satisfy
them in 1814, cannot content them in 1813. The
line of demarkation which appeared to guarantee the
security of the States bordering on France, at the
epoch of the Treaty of the 30th May, can no linger
satisfy the just pretensions which they now prefer.
It is indispensible that France should offer some
new pledge of security. She ought to take this step,
as well from sentiments of justice and expediency, as
from her own interest well understood. For, in order
that the French may be happy and tranquil, it is ab-
solutely necessary that their neighbours should be
happy and tranquil also.
Such are the powerful considerations that have in-
duced the Allied Powers to demand of France some
territorial cessions.' The inconsiderable extent of
these cessions, and the selection of the points upon
whiet they bear, sufficiently prove, that they have
nothing in common with views of aggrandisement
and conquest, and that the security of bordering na-
tions is their only object. These cessions are not of
a nrture to compromise the substantial integrity of
France. 1 hey embrace only detached districts or
poiros remote from her territory; they cunnot really
weaken her •in any relation either administrative or
military, nor can her defensive system be affected by
thealf. France will remain not the less one of the
best rounded and best fortified States of Europe, as
well as one of the richest in means of every descrip-
tion for resisting the danger of invasion.
Without entering into these higher considerations;
the Plenipotentiaries of France admit, however, the
principle of territorial cession, as far as 'respects the
points added to old France by the Treaty of Paris.
The undersigned find it difficult to understartd upon
what thii distinction can be founded, or under the
point of view adopted by the Allied Powers, in what
the essential difference between • ancient and recent
territory consists. It is impossible to suppose, that
the Plenipotentiaries of France wish to revive, in the
actual state of affairs, the doctrine of the pretended
inviolability of the French territory. They too well
know that this d. ctr.rte, put for.varil by the chiefs
and apostles of the tevolutionstry system, formed one
of the most revolting chapters in that arbitrary Code
Which they wished to impose upon Europe. It would
be to destroy entirely every idea of equality betweet.
the different Poseurs, if it were once established as a
principle, that ))trance may withrout ditflculty extend
her limits, acquire new provinces, and 'mite them to
her territory, either by conquest or treaty, whilst she
alone shall enjoy the privilege of never losing any of
Ler ancient possessions, either by the mis, ;lc nes al
war. or by the political arrangements that lay re
salt from. it:
. .
With regard to the latter part pf the Npto of the
••

Plenipotentiaries of Irototo.smhe undersigned selOrllt
themselves for a serious explanation in the next con-
fetence which they will have,the honour of prop6sing
to the Plenipotentiaries of France. (Signed)
SABOMOTISILY.
CAM D'ISTRI it. HARDEN HMO,
WEISSEN BUG, CASTL*It AU t.
•
• • HUMBObDT.

PROPER-1T TAX.
COPY OP MINUTE OF THE LORDS or THE TIMM:IWe
DATED NOVEslilta 14, 1815.
Tl►e Chancellor of the Lscheq►ier states to the
Board that representations had been made to him of
the hardship arising out of the provision contained in
the Act-)f the last Session of Parliament, cap. 53,
which directs that the assessments to the duties un.
der schedule A. and B. of the Property Act for the
year ending the 4th day of April, 1815, shall remain
in force for the year commencing from that date,
and ending on the sth day of April, 1816, as in
many cases the landlords have, in consequence of the
great depreciation in the price of grain and other agri-
cultural produce, been under the necessity of reducing
the rents at which their lands were let prior to the sth
day of April, 1814, upon which rents the asser.seients
to the Property Duty for that year ought to have
been made ; and that unless a proportionate abate.
ment is allowed in the assessment, the occupiers of
lands will not only be charged to the tenant's duty
under schedule B. upon a higher sum than the rents
actually paid to their landlords, but will also remain
burzhened with the amount of the landlord's duty,
charged now under schedule A. upon the difference
between the rents at which the lands were let at and
previous to the sth of April, 1814, and the reduced
rents now payable to their landlords.
1 My Lords, on full consideration of this subject,
are of opinion that it may be advisable to grant re-
lief in all cases of tenancy at rack rent. where it shall
be proved to the satisfaction of the Commissioners
for the general perposes of the Property Act that the
estate is duly and fully possessed at the actual rent
or more, which was payable in the year commencing
on the .sth day of April, 1814, and that the estate
bath been Lonafade let by a fresh lease or agreement,
either to the same or another tenant, at a rent less
than the amount charged in the assessment for the
said year, to continue at such a reduced rent during
the current year, commencing on the sth .day of
April, 1814, may be reduced to the actual rent pay-
able in that year.
My Lords are also of opinion that relief should be
granted in all cases where the occupier, being also
owner of the estate in question, shall prove to the sa-
tisfaction of the said Commissioners that the estate of
of which he or she is owner and occupier, is assessed
Luc the year commencing the sth day of April, 1814,
at the full rack rent at which it was then worth to
be let to a tenant ; in which List mentioned cases the
assessment for the year commencing on the sth day
of April, 1815, may be minced to the annual value
of thcsaid estate on that day, such annual value to
be computed, as the Act directs, on the amount at
which the estate was then worth to be let at radc-
rent. But my Lords are of opinion, that the relief
should be confined to cases of lands let to tenants at
rack rent, and to owners and occupiers duly and
fully assessed, according; to the directions of the Acts
in the said first year, commencing as aioresaid, and
should not be extended. to other cases where the
estate hath not been so duly assessed and proved to
the satisfaction of the said Commissioners.

In all cases which shall be duly proved to come
within the description of this Minute for relief, my
Lords are of opinion an abatement should be made
for the assessment oh the current year, both in respect
of the duties charged under schedule A. and 13. but
that no alteration can now take place with respect to
the assessments for the last year, ending the sth of
April, 1815.

(CIRCULAR.)
06ee of faxes, November 200 RI 5._

Gentlemen—l transmit to yoit the copy oaf a Mi-
nute of the Lords of the Treasury, dated the 14th
instant, which the Board have been directed to corn•
municate to the Commissioners of the Property Act,
for the purpose of relief being granted in the cases
therein stated, of assessments under schedules A. and
B. of the said Act for the present year, ending stli
April, 1816, in consideration of reduction of rents
which have actually taken place in the rents in an.
nual value of lands.

In the proceedings necessary for giving effect to'
the Minute, the Board beg to request your attention
to the following points, with a view that the relief
authorized by it may he limited to cases coming
within the meaning thereof ; for which purpose I am
to observe, that with respect to tenants, it is confined
strictly to cases of tenancy at rack rent, in which
satisfactory proof should be given that the estates
were charged at the full rack rent in the assessments
et the year 1814, and the Minute requires that the
estates shall have been bona ide let by fresh lease or
agreement to the same or auotbtr tenant, .at a rent
icss cLan the amount charged in the assessintot for
the said year, to continue at such reduced rent during
the 'whole of the year ending, the sth April, ISI6,
consequently the mere abatement or giving up of any
part of the rent for the year 1814, and for a part
only of the year 1815, will not warrant a reduction
of the assessment mulct. their Lordships' Minute.
In eases of owners occupying their own estates, it
appears necessary, in order to comply with ate terms
of the Minute, to ascertain that the lands were char-
ged for the year 1814 at the full annual value at
which the same were worth Co let at rack rent, which
ing perhaps be known by comparing the assessments
on the estates occupied by the owners with the assess-
ments made upon lands duly charged at the rack-
rent in the same parish or district, and that such an-
nual value computed as the Act directs for the year
1814, eZceeds the annual value at which the estate
was worth to be let at rack rent at the commence-
, ment of the present year's assessment.
The reduction of rents, which shall be duly proved
to have actually taken p!ace ip cases of tenancy at
11.:ck rent, in the same parish or Ceighhourhood. will,
• the Board beg to euggest, probably assist the Corn-
' inissioners in fuming their judgment on this point
•.inti the 'Ward desire me to add, that no alteration jy
tne assessment of last year, ending sth April, 1815,
. an he made in consequence of, or under the sanction
of the old Minute. (Signed) MATrip:Ay Wnsr&a,
secretary for the Affairs of Inset
To the Continksloners for the Genaid
• Porpostis of the ?reran 1 rat:

:ours ACA,
•
• MOM,.
TO THE If OF THE STA,.
The Royalists, though defeated at Toy Ad Vit-
toria, were still able to renew the attack. General
Marino, who marched from Cumana to the assistance
of Caraccas, joined Colonel Montilla. and their united
efforts again repulsed the Royalist* at Bocachico.
A fa-w days before a similar advantage had been
gained by General Bolivar at San Mateo, and these
two victories restored freedom to Valencia, which
was at that time besieged by Ceballos. The history
of the Revolution of America cannot fail to be read
with interest by later ages, for it must record very
many ae:s of heroic courage, as well as numberless
proofs of the universal spirit of patriotism that pre-
vails amang the South Americans. Every thing is
effected now in Europe by honour and military dis-
cipline; but among the heroes of antiquity. it was
attachment to their country. which gave soul to
every action ; and it is the examples furnished by the
ancient world which the South Americans look up
to, as their models for imitation. An Officer. whose!
family was among the most distinguished of Santa
Fe de Bogata, was appointed to guard a powder ma-
gazine, when San Mateo was attacked the 25th of
March, 1812. The Spaniards thought to take him
by surprize while the armies were fighting at some
distance' and sent for this purpose a strong detach-
ment of forces to the powder magazine. The young
Ricaute saw the impossibility of resistance, and gave
in consequence orders to his soldiers to join the army,
asserting that lie was sufficient alone for the defence
of the magazine. The Spaniards surrounded and
took possession of the building, and having reached
Ricaute, were on the point, f seizing him, when he
immediately set fire to the powder. The magazine
was destroyed by an instantaneous explosion, and he
fell a victim to that inevitable deed) which he had
foreseen.
General Marino pursued the enemy to San Carlos,
where he was repulsed the 16th of April, and obliged
to retire to Valencia. The divisions of the army un-
der Calzadas, Ceballos. and others, being united tin-
der the command of Cagigal, marched against the
patriots. Cagigal was Captain General of Venezuela,
appointed by the Regency of Spain. The two armies
halted at some distance from each other, ascertained
their strength on each side, and at length met on the
plains of Carabobo, the 28th of May, ISI fr. They
fought with fury; on each side they made the
greatest efforts to obtain victory, which being ob.
tained they thought would prove decisive. Happily
for the patriots, the advantage was on their side ;
the Royalists were completely defeated, and lost a
large store of arms and ammunition, with many pri.
soners. General Bolivar considering himself secure
in the possession of Venezuela, turned his attention
to Coro, and los Llanos, hoping, by an attack on
those places, to destroy the only remaining hopes of
the Royalists, for it was from thence they drew those
resources, which in some measure supplied to them
their late losses. General Urclaiieta marched against
Coro, at die head of a brave detachment, at the same
time General Marino proceeded to San Fernando on
the Apuri, a post of considerable importance in lie
Llang de Barinas. The Commander in Chief re-
tained with himself the third part of the army, that
he might be enabled effectually to app use Bores,
who had not been at the battle et Carabobo, and whet
with a considerable body of cavalry was advancing
against Balivar. In a tew days the three divisions
of the Republican army were separated by many
hundred miles from each other ; and that ;cart of the
army commanded by General I.3,•iivar was attacked
by Doves, at La Puerta, fifty leagues from Caraccas,
near the city of Cure. The caaali yof loves being
superior to that of Bolivar, the IZoyalis.s gained the
advantage. Cagigal and Caiz :das, hieing united
some of their before dispersed tr cps, at the same
moment attacked, with considerable success, General
Marino's army ; this Joo•le loss on the site of the
patriots, enabled the Reyalists to enter Caraccas
without opposition.
From that time confils;,,i, reigned among the pa
triuts, and there was no lonvcr aiy army for the de-
fence of CartiCcai. All efforts to save the city were now
ineffi ct ad. Thr sieui. of Puerto Cabello was raised,
and the s -,en: to Ciitarttia, where General lloh:
var ittatcued rera.•aat of his army. Bores
advanced to C trac.:•as ani ! 4 Guayto, which stiffen-
detect to Mira in the mond% of July. The town of
Valencia still held nut. and Ole kiyalists laid siege to
it; at leergth when lotiger resistance became impossi.
ble, the town capitokrell ; yet notwithstanding the
capitulation, the ()dicers and the principal pare of
the garrison were shut by the Spaniards. Among
these fell the el.quent Espejo, whose death fixes a
lasting stigma on the Spaniards, who can expect
nothing but curses on their nation tor their savage
conduct in every part of America.
Doves came up with the Republican army in the
province of Barcelona. engaged and defeated it at
Araguita. Success no longer attended Bolivar; his
former good fortune had hirsaken him a and in con-
sequence even the Commander of the ships of war
from Venezuela refused to obey his orders. He con-
sidered all present hope of independence for his coun-
try lost, and with a few of bis chosen officers he em-
barked for Carthagena ; Rivas and Bermudes how.
ever separated from him, and marched to Maturin,
a place already famous by the campaign of General
Marino. Maturin was attacked by the Spaniards
under the command of Morales, and afterwards by
Moves, who were both repulsed. Bermudes and
Rivas obtained great advantages in several engage•
meats, but the Royalists had a superior force, and
they succeeded at length in defeating Bermudes and
Rivas at Urica, in December, lal4. Maturin then
fell into the hands of the Spaniards, who had, how-
ever. to deplore the loss of their favourite General,
Bores. Bermudes now embarked with some troops
for the island of La Margues its, where he supported
the Republican Government, until an expedition from
Spain, commanded by General Mut Mu, appeared on
the coast of Venezuela. This expedition, which was
composed of ten thousand men, two frigates, and
several transport-ships, left near three thousand men
in the different cities situated on the coast of Vene-
zuela, and having added some of the troops already
in Caraccas to the remaining part of the expedition,
they quitted Puerto Cabello to the mouth of June,
'lBl4, with the intent of making an attack on Car-
• ••
thagena.
'1 Coe haucchty depqrtment of the Spaainds caused
. .