Star.
London, England, 1831-02-25 00:00:00

BRUNSWICK, Fes. 16.

His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge came to visit our Duks
on the 9th. On the 10th he saw the Burgher Guards under arms, and
left us again on the 11th.

It appears that Duke Charles has given up all thoughts of returning
to this country. He is endeavouring to withdraw his private property,
but it is supposed that this will be difficult, as the Chamber by largs
claims upon the Duke; and the funds in question are, besides, In.
alienable, they being a Feder eanuais of the ducal family; and when
the male descendants of Duke Charles fail, will belong to Duke Wil.
Liam, or his male descendants.--Hanburgh Papers, Feb. 18.

MILAN.

The Garen* de Milano, to the 12th February inclusive, makes no
mention of disturbances in any part of Italy.

VIENNA, FED. 14.

The bride of the young King of Hungary, is expected here on the
26th. Lieut. Field Marshal Count Claus Martinits, has returned from
Milan, where he was sent on a military diplomatic mission. Baron
Mancha is gone to Mantua today, on an extraordinary mission to the
Duke of Modena, who is in that city with his family. The news that
the King of France has refused the Throne of Belgium for his son,
which was brought yesterday by a courier, bu given much satisfaction,
being considered as a proof of the sentiments of the French Cabinet. The
howcrca, bmvc uvi bout alttted by le.

VIENNA, Feb. 19.—Four per Cent. Meta'Nue', 761; Bank Share
996.—Allgensetne Zeittusp, Feb. 19.

Yesterday being a Parliamentary holiday, we have the
opportunity of looking back on its past proceedings, at a
time when, on the part of the public, so much was anxiously
expected. The sufferings of the people arise from trade
without profit, and from stagnation of industry; owing to the
abstraction of the currency, which had become the basis and
ingredient of trade and industry ; and from the pressure of
taxes, interfering with enterprize, and exceeding a reasonable
proportion to the reduced incomes of the people. The ava-
ricious use of land, too, had thrown vast masses of labourers
out of employment; while the new poor laws bad placed them
between two fires—that of their employers and the Select
Vestries. Again, the middle classes were suffering under a
cruel and inefficient system of debtor and creditor law, which
delivered them over to the grinding oppressions of lawyers,
who divided the effects of insolvents among them, as their
legitimate spoil.

Knowing the diseases which afflict the country, we may
then appreciate the relevancy of the measures of the State
physicians.

A salutary remission of taxes was proposed, and
this met part of ithe case ; but unhappily, in the
same breath, others were imposed, liable to the very ob-
jections of those removed, viz. their interference with
enterprize, industry and freedom of action. They fell, too,

on concerns either not in prosperity, or on others struggling
into existence ; and, therefore, have been so generally con-
demned, as to be withdrawn, except two—which, applying
to distant interests, have not yet displayed a concentrated
opposition. But if these should be carried by the force of a
parliamentary majority, no question can exist, that one of
them is unjust to Canada ; and the other as vexatious as in-
jurious, to an infant public convenience. On this subject, it
is not to be dissembled, that the taxes remitted not only
ought to be so, but that Assessed Taxes, the Soap and Malt
Taxes, ought to be removed ; and in their place, no taxes of
like kind ought to be substituted, but one of easy collection
—a tax of five or ten per cent. on all incomes derived from
real property, and from interest of money, in every form in
which it is accumulated. If the Ministry were even in a
minority on such a question in the house, they would pre-
serve their honour, and be in au immense majority, out of it.
Another measure, the Bill or Bills of Lord BROUGHAM',
to cleanse the Augean Stable of the Court of Chancery, of
course, creates our warmest applause and admiration. If he
succeed, and if committees do not neutralize his plans, he
will deserve, among the moderns, to be ranked with HER-
CULES among the ancients, and be entitled to equal grati-
tude. We hope it will be the precursor to an equal cleansing
of our Common Law Courts and Practice ; for these, like
the Court of Chancery, are a standing obstruction of jus-
tice, and an opprobrium on the good intelligence of the
country.

The only other reference yet made by actual measures to
the State of the rural population, is the Bill for ameliorating
the Game Laws, by which the Ministry have merited ap-
plause

The measure which has been introduced by Lord HOWICK
to facilitate emigration from this country, founded on the ably
and ardently maintained principles of Mr. WIL MOT Hon-
TON, we think is a little misrepresented, when it is stated,
that its object is to enforce the emigration of the distressed
classes. If such be its object, it is, in so far, we con-
ceive, a departure from the plan of Mr. HORTON ; for he
I has repeatedly, in our hearing, repudiated any such
object. Hie object has been—or we are much mis-
taken in his views—to facilitate emigration, by afford-
ing the means of its accomplishment, with in-
ducing advantage and safety to the emigrant, and equal ad-
vantage to those who are interested in their maintenance. His
calculations to prove that parishes would benefit by advancing
the means of removal, in substitution for the maintenance of the
same individual by the poor rates, is indisputable, and a matter
not of reason but of arithmetic. Whether so mortgaging the
Poor rates may have other practical difficulties, and be at-
tended with other evils, does not interfere with the truth of the
proposition—that if a man is to be maintained by others
in this country, those so bound to maintain him, would make
an advantageous bargain, by advancing him, at once, such a
sum as to facilitate him, if inclined to leave the country, to ac-
complish the object, and with rational prospects of bettering
his condition. If the intent of the proposed Bill should be to
act compulsorily, we decidedly think that it is, in so far, both
improper and absurd—improper, because it involves the
liberty of man ; and absurd, because it is sure of being im-
practicable.

A question is often discussed—whether the distresses of
the labouring classes originate in a surplus of population?—
If the terms of this question be understood, there can
be no doubt as to the reply. If surplus of popu-
lation, relatively to the productive employment, be meant,
it must be answered, we think, in the affirmative;
and existing distress be admitted, as the result of the ex-
isting discrepancy, between the population and its productive
employment. But then, it must naturally strike those who
meditate on the question, that the &tress may be remedied,
either by increasing the productive employment, or decreasing
the population ; and if we were asked, whether the produc-
tive employment of the people of this country might not,
under better circumstances, be increased, and thus the dis-
tress be remedied,—the answer would be, most certainly.
To remove the population, would then only be desirable,
as averting the necessity of alterations; and as such,
we conceive, it can only be rationally advocated. These
alterations may in themselves be productive of other and
extraneous evils.

Fur man to scatter over the globe, is the destiny of the
race ; and we go farther, and think that the perpetuity of
British power and glory will be best secured by colonizing.
We are decidedly advocates for colonies ;—and think that
emigration is only restrained by very groundless prejudices,
which we have always been anxious to remove. We have
some knowledge of colonization and its difficulties;
we know that they are great ; but not equal to
the subsisting in workhouses, or labouring under parochial
overseers. Let emigration then be fairly encouraged—let it
be a matter of persuasion and reason—but let there be no
force. Build the bridge if you please, but do not drive
people across it; or be assured, they will be likely to turn,
and knock out your brains for the attempt.
Those who bear in mind the substance of our first para-
graph, will perceive, therefore, that much remains to be
done, either by this Parliament, or by that reformed one,
for establishing which a great parliamentary epoch is arriv-
ing; but, of those golden days in embryo, we shall be able
to speak, with more certain anticipations, by thin day month.

The disturbances in Ireland, so much exaggerated yes-1
terday evening, did not take place at Kilkenny, where the
election is now going on; but in quite a different quarter of
the country—at Navan, in the county of Meath, twenty-
three miles from Dublin ; and instead of its being a rebel-
lion against the Government, accounts received in town this
morning, represent it as an effort on the part of the wretched
peasantry, in a district where severe and extensive distress
prevails, to procure relief by threats and violence. It is
added, that it was in this very neighbourhood some months
since, that a portion of the miserable peasantry, who had
been dispossessed of their holdings, erected huts upon a I
moor, or commonage ; from which they were afterwards
driven by the neighbouring authorities.

Among the distinguished individuals at present in Edin-
burgh is Sir Archibald Campbell, the hero of the Burmese
war. Sir Archibald is a hale, spirited-looking veteran,
wonderfully little the worse of the pestilent climates he had
sojourned in and the dangers he has braved.

CITY. ONE O'CLOCC.
We were in error in stating yesterday in our City articlu
that it was settling day in Console, instead of which it is
this day. Consols, which left off yesterday very heavy
at 77j 78 for the Ace. opened this morning at 781 to 1,
in consequence that it was generally thought that the
account in the Courier of a rebellion in Ireland wa,
exceedingly exaggerated, and particularly when the
public perused the Morning Journals, and not finchiv.
the account to be confirmed, this, in the early part a
the market, gave a lift to consols, which were done
at 781 f, but soon after they receded to 771, but have
again got up to 781. As yet we do not hear of any (Atm,,
in the house ; the extreme fluctuation during the account
must have been between three and four per cent. The express
from P..ris brings the French 3 per cents. higher at 57 70
but we do not hear of any later news from Poland, I r which
the Public are waiting with great anxiety, as no doubt kfu
thin some severe fighting must have taken place.
In the foreign market little or nothing doing, as the atteti.
tion of the brokers and jobbers is chiefly to the British mar-
-1 ket in adjusting their accounts.
CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.

The winding up of the Consol Account is going off well
in the House ; but we understand that an exten3ive failure
has taken place out of the House, of about eight thousand
pounds difference. The person is said to Le a Portug3,,,
merchant, who had retired from business. Lisbon letters
tate that some disturbances had taken place there, and 130
arsons hare been arrested; since which order has been re-
stored.—Consols are at present 78i for the Account.
In the Foreign Market nothing doing.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

Meats A RILIVLD Tam Dor.—Dublln, 1 ; Waterford. 1 ; Hatnburgh,2 ;

France 1 ; America, i ; Lisbon, 1.
Dam., Fics. 44.—Wind N. W.—Arrived the Atalanta, from
Meant. Arrived from the River, and sailed, the Duke of Roxburgh,
Brown, for Bombay.
Faxwourn, Fes. 23.—Wind S to W. Ughta—Arrived the Duke of
Marlborough packet, from Lisbon—sailed 13th instant ; and Plovtr
packet, from Bermuda--sailed 10th tilt. and hum Halifax 6th inst.—
The Marlborough packet brings accounts that a plan had been tail for
an insurrecdan, wl en one of the party gave information, and upward,
of 150 persons were taken in consequence, and thrown into prison;
and it is ear c:ed would lobe their lives.
MARGATE, FIN. 24.—Arrived off the port, the Alexander, Mrs.
sutler, from Havannah, and Albion, Sutherland, from Gibraltar.

FROM OUR COIIREIMONDENT.
FALMOUTH, FES. 23.—This morning, arrived his .Majesty packet
Plover, Downie, sailed from Bermuda Jan. 10, a d Halifax Feb. 6,
with mails. Ou the 21st December, in 'at. 45. 33. long. 45 15. spoke
the Woodman, from Quebec, for London. On the Bth of
Jan. at Detmutla,his Alajesty's sloop Racehorse, the Lord William Ben.
tick, (transport,) and the Osborne packet, which sailed on the 9th for
Halifax. On the sth of Feb. at Halifax, his Majesty's packet Rt.
naldo. Durinic the stay of the Plover at Halifax, it was ascertained
that the Port of Spain, a merchant brig, from the West Indies, bound
to Halifax, was lost near Sambro' with all her hands ; it is suppesed
in a snow storm on the 22d Jan. On the 6th Feb. the Plover also spoke
the brig Hopewell, at anchor off Sambro Light-house., with her rudder
gone. The Master had gone on shore for assistance.—Sailed this
mo:ning, his Majesty's packet Nightingale, Fortescue, for the Ha.
Tetanal) and Vera Cruz.

If a suitable and equitable bargain were struck with the
fundholders, and the interest of the debt in paper thirty mil-
lions, reduced to twenty in gold, than which nothing could
be more just and reasonable, all our public difficulties would
be removed at one stroke. Ten millions of taxes might thus
at once be remitted. There could then be no plea for main-
taining the corn bill, nor for spending twenty millions on
establishments, which might at once be reduced one half,
and hence the burthens would be lightened from fifty to
thirty millions, and a sinking fund arise from saving in col-
lection. As nations are not to be trifled with, and the pay-
ment of the gold price is all that reason could demand, so
in yielding to justice the fundholders would consult
their own best interest. The aristocracy must at
the same moment yield their crafty Corn Bill, and
we should, forgetting past follies of war, then become
again a happy nation, which we never can be with such a
load, and with a corn bill to shift it from the shoulders of
those who are best able to bear the burthen.

The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Halifax came home
in the Plover packet, and landed at Falmouth on the 23d,
under a salute of 15 guns, fired by her.
This morning the Lord Mayor issued a notice, stating,
that in consequence of the many complaints which he re-
ceived of disturbance being made by the coachmen, and
others plying for passengers near the Royal Exchange, on
Sundays, that in future no stage coaches nor omnibuses will
be allowed to ply between the hours of Divine Service.
SURREY MlLlTlA.—Yesterday morning, by permission
of the high bailiff of Southwark, a court of lieutenancy for
the county of Surrey was held at the Sessions Court, Town-
ball, at which Colonel Gaitskell, and a ,number of other
magistrates for the county, attended, for the purpose of re-
ceiving the constables' return lists for the Surrey militia, and
hearing cases of appeal.
Tuesday evening Mr. Bellamy, of the House of Commons,
was robbed in Russell-street, near Drury-lane Theatre, about
the time the Royal cortege was passing, of a valuable silver
hunting watch,. Maker's name, " Yonge, Strand."
Sir Edward Lees, the Chief ecretary of the Irish Post
Office, has been removed to Scotland, where be is to succeed
Sir D. Wedderburn, as Deputy Postmaster Geneeal, and is also
to discharge the duties of Chief Secretary. Mr. Godby has
been appointed to the Irish Post Office, and we can assure that
' gentleman that in the exercise of his new duties he can ob-
tain no higher praise from the Irish public than that of
af-
fording as much satisfaction as his predecessor has, for, we
believe, a period of 30 years, given to all those who came
within the iufluence of his department. By the new arrange-
ment, a saving of expenditure to some extent will be effected,
but we trust without any diminution of income to so valuable
a public officer as Sir Edward Lees.
MILITARY INSPECTION.—Yesterday morning at ten
o'clock, the different battalions of the Ist, 2d, and 3d Regi-
ments of Foot Guards, together with the Royal Horse
Guards (Blue), mustered on the Parade, in front of the
Horse Guards, in St. James's Park, in honour of her MAJES-
TY'S Birth Day. Soon afterwards his Royal Highness the
Duke of Cumberland, attended by Prince George of Cambridge
and Prince George of Cumberland, Lord Hill, the Com-
mander-in-Chief of the Forces, and a splendid cortege of
Staff Officers, attended on the ground, and were received
with the usual military honours. The three bands of the
different regiments, dressed in their splendid state uniforms,
struck up God save the King. The troops then passed in
slow and quick time, the bends playing several martial airs.
His Royal Highness expressed hie approbation of the effective
state of the different battalions, and about half-past eleven
o'clock the troops left the ground. Notwithstanding the
unfavourable state of the weather, the Parade displayed an
unusual assemblage of rank and fashion.
THE CITY New POLICE.—These men, it is expected,
will appear in their new dresses in the ensuing week. In
the colour of the cloth aid fashion it resembles that of the
police of the county, but the buttons will be yellow, and the
collar decorated with a conspicuous civic ornament of a yel-
low colour. There will be a aly pocket in the tail of the
coat for the truncheon. The men are not to be taught the
military step, &c. nor are they to go over the beats singly,
but in couples, over a particular district, the bounds of
which are laid down according to their own discretion, and
not according to any fixed route. They are to be upon duty
from eight o'clock in the morning till eight at night, one
hour being allowed for dinner, but only one man to leave
duty for that purpose at a time.

I

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
FRANCE AND BELGIUM.
Front the Mena .er des Chambray, dated Feb. 23.
general subject of conversation is a new regiment of
Hussars which is to be shortly formed, by the name of the
Tricoloured] Hussars :" the formation of this regiment to
bay by a national subscription. It is a happy ides, and we
conirratillate the patriots with whom it originated. The plan
ha; twee presented by its authors to his Royal Highness the
Duke of Orleans, who, after having minutely examined it,was
plc . •
I.el to express to those gentlemen the great interest he felt
their scheme. The principal basis obtained the approba-
tion of his Royal Highness; and the uniform, which is, per-
haps, the handsomest in the whole army, appeared to him to
merit the approbation of those who are the most difficult to
be pleased in such matters. His Royal Highness has sent
tile plan to the Minister of War, and we have this moment
!,arned that General Preval is ordered to report upon it. It
said that the regiment of Tricoloured Hussars is to consist
of 1,440 men, equipped and paid by a subscription, and to
be presented to the whole nation in the person of its King.
Tim formation of this regiment would be a good opportunity
to recall to active service many officers of the old army,
who have hitherto remained without employment, notwith-
standing the good intentions of Marshal Souk.
The Moniteur contains a royal ordinance, fixing the
number of the members of the Commission for conducting
the business formerly entrusted to the Board of Commerce
and Colonies at nine' and nominating M. Odier and M.
Cunin Gridaine, both Deputies, to be members of the Com-
mission. By another ordinance, the exhibition of the pro-
ductions of the manufactories of France, which was to take
pace this year, is postponed, and the Chambers of Com-
merce and Manufactures are directed to consider and report
their opinion as to the most desirable period for the open-
=of the next exhibition, and whether it should continue
ro be renewed every fourth year, or at any other stated
i•ericals.
The Courrier Francais says—" In the deliberation which
took place in the council for the removal of M. Odillon Bar-
rot, M. Montalivet, who bad sent in his resignation, abstained
from taking a part as a party concerned. It is asserted that
on the first day there was an equal division between the six
other members of the cabinet, and that on the second four
;eras against two pronounced for the removal. It was only
,fier this decision that the minister of the interior consented
to resume his office. We hear that M. Odillon Barrot de-
clined the embassy at Constantinople, offered him by the
Minister for Foreign Affairs, and the presidency of the
ComitC des Contentieux of the council of state, proposed to
hint by the minister of public instruction."
" It is asserted," says the Journal de Paris, " that a ma-1
tority of the Belgian Congress is determined to maintain the
,lection of the Duke de Nemours, and to appoint a Regency
until he attains his full age, and may make known his own
,y,11.--The Berlin State Gazette asserts that the history of
the Belgians is without one single brilliant point.
The Berlin State Gazette expresses its satisfaction at the
resolution of the King of the French to refuse the crown of
Belgium for the Duke de Nemours in the following terms:—
This refusal proves that Louis Philip by no means wishes
t.. make conquests, but prefers to lead on his people in the
career of peace and civilization. His refusal has gained for
Fiance more friends than a victory. The communal law,
which is preparing, will produce more communes than would
i.ave been conquered in many campaigns. History will re-
cord the King's resolution as one of his most remarkable vic-
tories—a victory gained over himself.
" It is asserted," says the Avenir, " that a warrant of ar
rest has been issued against a celebrated financier, (ex-con-
tractor) who kept up a correspondence with Holyrood. Hav-
ing received a hint of it, he is said to have taken to flight, ac-
companied by an Englishman. His sudden departure has left
several large amounts unsettled on 'Change."
The surveillance and defence of the entire coast of France
is, at this moment, under the consideration of the Minister of
War and the Minister of the Interior. It is asserted that 50
companies of coast artillery are to be formed from the National
Guards of the maritime departments, for the purpose of con-
structing new batteries and manuing the field artillery.
We learn from Brest that the brig Le Lizard sailed from
that port on the 15th instant, for Bourbon, with arms. The
Melpomene, a 60 gun frigate, and the Algesiras, an 80 gun
;sip of the line, quitted that port on the 16th.
CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.—Srrytmo or FIB. 23.
At a quarter to two o'clock, the President entered the Chamber again
to.d,ty : the Vice-President M. Dupin Ain* occupied the chair of
'I. C. Perier, whose late exercising has entirely exhausted all his
•iringth, sod he is now obliged to keep his room. At two o'clock the
':wing commenced, when M. Palsy ascended the tribune to communi-
cate a report of commission relating to 2,000,000 of francs. demanded
tor the pensions of officers in the army, &c. The Chamber was very
attended by the Deputies : the few who were there were perfectly
Awn ive to the report.
The :I!inister of Foreign Affairs, Sebastiani, announced the follow-
trg communication from Government. He said that the Government
::cognized the necessity of laying before the nation, from time to time, I
•ne steps they had taken, and the motives which had actuated those :
~cps ; that they now thought proper to expose to the Chamber what had
ten finally done with respect to Belgium. It had been the business of
!lelgium to chooses monarch for herself; and her chief point, that which I
vas necessary to render a stable and datable nation of herself, was the
:h rise of a monarch who would be well received and recognized by the
ther powers of Europe. They (the Belgians) had triumphed over adoc-
tr.ne that had existed in Europe, and was conflimed against her in 1814.
France had done the same in July. but she had likewise triumphed by
lie steps she immediately took in obtaining the recognition of other
:rem Powers, and establishing her own strength and independence:
:oat was not yet the case with Belgium : she bad it yet to do. And
France, he continued, had, while she perfectly observed the system of '
.ton-intervention, co-operated with other nations, so as to establish the
.ndependence of Belgium. It had been endeavoured to name a
Prince, who would be favoured by all Europe. There had been at-
tempts made for the Prince of Orange and his son ; unfortunata
those had tailed, in consequence of the resentment which the
gians still entertained towards the Nausea, for the violence
committed by them in the late revolution. Prince Othon, of Bavaria,
Had been suggested by the Belgians, to whom France would willingly
have consented ; but while the negotiations wete going on, on this head,
the Belgians roused by former remembrances. and triendly wishes to-
wards France, changed their first thoughts of this Prince to propose the
union with France ; but France had to consult the opinion of other fla-
ttens, to avoid an appearance of ambition, as the means of avoiding a
oar of jealousy with all Europe. It was a principle well known, that
country could not aggrandize her limits without a war, for
which reason France would have refused the Union if it had
been officially offered. He continued that the Duke of Nemours
i:ad then become, with the Duke of Leuchteeburg, candidates of
''tat throne. Notwithstanding, he said, that the Duke of Leuehten.
burg was the adopted son of the great man to whom France owed
much and such high glory (and entering into great eulogia on
Napoleon); he said that she would maintain her principle of amity
Into the other Powers, and would not recognise him as sting of
Belgium. He afterwards expressed the great satisfaction of the King
!ti hearing that the Duke de Nemours was named, but was obliged
to refuse it for the grounds already stated. He added, that all the
Cabinets of the ()teat Powers of Europe were united to preserve the
General peace
General Lamarque was left at the tribune, speaking against the
treasure of the Government, for their refusal, at four o'clock.

ITALY.
BoLoa A , FEB. 1 I. The Prolegate has been escorted
,u the frontiers of Rome, his native place. Some public
functionaries, who were obnoxious, have been removed, and
their places filled by others who enjoy the general esteem.—
here is to be a convocation for the election of a constituent
,issembly ; it appears that the republican form will be
adopted, and that the country will be divided into confederate
states. The five legations will form one of these states, the
Marches with the Duchy of Urbino another, the Duchy of
Mudena a third, and so on in proportion as they become free.
I he Duke of Modena took with him 37 carriages, contain-
ing his treasure and all his valuables. Ferrara is also free,
th,,i:gh the fortress is held by an Austrian garrison, which
I,i, remained a mere spectator of the events that have passed,

without taking any part in them. It is impossible to form
an idea of the enthusiasm that prevails here; the streets
and high roads are as safe at night as in the day-time.
Since the revolution, there has been neither robbery uor act
of aggression. Gifts of horses, money, arms, &c. are made
to the Government.

A counter-revolutionary attempt at Modena has been frus-
trated. Some partisans of the ex-duke, assuming the mask •
of the most violent liberalism, endeavoured to sow dissention
among the patriots by pretending in a patriotic club that it
was necessary to throw off the yoke of the Provisional Go-
vernment of Bologna. They were, however, arrested on
the 13th, and sent off to Reggio.
The authorities of Milan have officially announced the
determination of the Cabinet of Vienna to interfere in
the affairs of central Italy. General Nugent has arrived
by forced marches at Laybach, with 50,000 men, and the
same number of Hungarians, who were to form the
camp of observation in Gallicia, have also been directed to
move towards Italy. It appears to be decided that the Aus-
trians are to enter Piedmont. M. de Barante, tho French
Ambassador, had not been able to obtain from the Austrian
General Paolucci any explanation beyond a declaration that
" his Sardinian Majesty is master in his own territories, and
does not hold himself bound to account for his conduct to
any one."
The following is the population of the Italian states that
have risen and proclaimed the Italian confederation :
The Modenese, Duchy of Massa, and Principality of Carrara 473,505
The Legation of Bologna ... 170,600
The Legation of Ferrara 135,600
The Romagna
The States of Parma and Placentia 230,000
The March of Ancona
The Duchy of Urbino
The Principality of Lucca ... 56,000