Star.
London, England, 1815-08-18 00:00:00

REAL. JAPAN BLACKING.

Sworn at the Mativion House, before the Right Honourable the
Lord Mayor, June Sti, Iti ;.

RICRARD TURNER, 114, London road, Southwark, is thi
County of Surrey, Blacking Manufacturer, make It Ault and
solid, that the RKAL JAPAN BLACKING, vow made and
sold by him, in his own limper Nanae, at his Macutictory, in the
Loadon-rna I aforesaid, continues to be made by the same Work=
men who have hitherto been employed by this Deponent to
tisane s, and is of the RAMC quality in all respe. t‘, as that
which, under the natnes of GEO. DAY and URN. MA R I'IN, lia.
for several years last past, been Prepared and Sold at the said
Manulactory, in Six-ye:my, Shilling, and Eighteen-pennt Bottles..
C rieX 63a 'Yee/ 6/0
Rau/mt.—Merchants and Shopkeepers supplied with the
above Blacking, with Six Months credit, by addressing their
command' to the Warehouse, where a single Bottle may be bad
as sagnple; and, also by the under-mentioned Shopkeepers t
Mills, Hollingswonb,and Co. Portsmouth ; John Diaper, ditto ;
Chambers, ditto • Dabbs% Sboetudier, ditto • Shoveller, Oyster-
street, ditto; deuce, St. Mary's
-street, ditto ; Adams, Per-
fumer, ditto; and Way, Sc. Marys•street, ditto; Grant, Grocer,
Gosport; Davis, ditto, ditto ; Webb, ditto, ditto; Paget dine,
ditto; and Allejt, No. 90, kuth4treet, ditto.
1 N. B. Ask fee Turner's Masking.

.13L6 B

CAPTAIN LAWRENCE AND THE CHESAEAKE.

(MOM TILE BOSTON OALBTTL).

▪ Fame is the spur, that the clear spirit doth
16 (That 134 t hfirmity in noble mine...),
61 To scout th-lights, and live laborious days: •
• 1/111k the lair Cuerdon when we hope to find,
61 3rd think to hunt nut into sudden blaze,
" Comes the.blind Fury with the abhorred she;ri,
• " And slits the th:n-spun life, but not the Praise:*

The publicatimi of the subsequent report would
have been premature, prior to the trial of the Apr-
leaving officers and men whose conduct it implicates:
the reason for suppression ho-longer exists, and its
publication is due. to thcmenwn y of the heroes, who,
on. that disastrous day,ssd gallantly sacrificed their
live, for their.cotmoy. .
The members of the court were Commodore Bain-
bridge, and Captains Hull and Smith, names iden-
tified with chivalry, and dear to Americans ; and
thtir report contains the only authentic account of
the engagement with the Shannon.
Captain Lawrence's sailing orders were peremp:
tory ; and when the enemy hove in sight, the ascot-
• pea ke's crew were mutinous, on account of the non.
payment of their prize-money. The commander
could not have disobeyed his orders with impunity ;
and mutiny was to be overawed by energy. He
passed the day in preparing for action, and in the
cascouragement of his men; and before night•falls, the
whole ship *as animated with his heroic soul.
The unexampled destruction of the Guerriere was
accomplished in less than eighteen minutes, and the
vanquished ship had sixty-thcee killed and wounded.
One.third more metal is thrown by the Constitution's
than by the Chesapeake's broadside : and the Shan-
von was so cut in her hull by eight minutes broad-
s:ding, that it was with difficulty she could be kept
al. at during the night, and she numbered eighty.
eight killed and wounded. It has been truly re-
marked, 66 that the world never witnessed so destruc-
tive a fire, from so limited a. broadside, in so short a
spare," Law:ence tell ! and the remainder of the
tight, it figia it can be called, was as disgraceful as
tirst eight minutes were brilliant.
The moment after Captain. Lawrence was carried
below, Captain .Broke boarded our quarter-deck at
the head of twenty men. Nothing but desperation
could have prompted or justified the measure.
. .
Lieutenant Dodd, the senior officer, had now
gained the spat-deck, where trey were, wit'i those
vho had come up, front sixty to seventy-five
ellen. No attempt was made to %sting more men.
hum the gmvdeck, and none on the spar deck to
rally the men and charge the b.)artl.ers. This melatt-
choiy pause continued, as Mr. Budd his testifies],
ante minutes.. In the mean time Captain. Broke,
without making any attack, had collected nearly one
'toothed men, and proceeded to the attack on the
starboard side of the ship. Mr. Budd .GO V/ perceived
a British uniform, then he concluded that the men
on the quartor-duck were the enemy, kit whose ap-
proach ow men fled to the forecastle, precipitated
themselves through the tore-liatr.liway to die gun-
deck, and from thence to the birth-deck, without an
effort to prevent them. A few only of the enemy
were killed t r wounded by invailuntai y and uccidentat
blows, and the tire from the turps; aid he continued'
his tinresiated havoc till tot a man was left on
either deck.
Although Lawrence was prostrate, his snail was in
arms. From the cock pit he issued his memorable
orders--" keep the guns going ;" 66 fight her till she
strikes or sink% :" told when he knew the enemy had
carried the spar-deck, he sent the emphatic message
to the gun-deck : " Don't give up the ship." When
he was apprised of the issue, he coolly 'remarked-
-4" then the officers of the deck hav'nt toed the mark ;
the Shannon was whipt when I left."
The officer-like conduct of this gallant martyr, on
this day, has been impeached by some of the sur.
vivors of that dreadful conflict. The inevitable dis-
advantages under which he fought a superior ship,
perfectly prepared—the chivalry with Which he court.
ed the conitet—and the brilliancy of it before he fell,
shoeht alone rescue his memory from censure.—
. Ca na 1 aacTilege, to prophane the sanctuary of the
tomb, to shield living slefection from merited dis.
grace ! Every witet ss upon the court-martial, under
a close cross-examination, not only repelled 'the foul
Slander, hut sitatiJedly established his nigh charact.r
as a c, mnve•sler.

In a very unreserved conversation, Commodore
Decatur, with whom Captain Lawrence had served
rucl,, was asked—.. whether his intrinsic poetic as
rtn otlicis jus•ified the elithusiastic veneration in'
which the natton held his memory?" Atter a short
pause, he answered—" Yes, Sir, it did ; and the
ft Dow died as wilt as he lived; but is is j).-irt si
soldier's life to die well. I-le had no talk ; but be
inspired ad.:About him with ardour :—he always saw
the brst thing to be done—knew the best way to exe-
cute it—and had no more dodge in him than the
enaiti-mast."—Laudaturn eat, laudato via a,.
This vent.ration is due to the ashes of the mourned.
;mind.
When the ill-starred fortunes of this ship are re-
called to memory ; when we recollect that her deck
was the death-scene of our favourite lino, with vic-
tory almost in iris grasp, we involuntarily adopt the
language of Milton's monody upon his ship-irecked
triend—

44 It way that fatal and retlitlious bark,
" built in the Eclipse, and Aged whit curses dark,
" That sunk so low that sacred Lead of thine r
REPORT.
" The Court ate tirtankaouslr of opinion that the
Chesapeake was gallantly carried into action by her
late brave Commander ; mid nu doubt rests with the
Court, train ;onipaiibijii of the injury respectively
Slummed by the frigates, that the fire of the eltesa-
peake niucli superior to that of the Shannon.—
The Shai:Ooti, bents touch cut in her spars an rig-
, lug antitecelirjok wail shot in and below her water
jme, was reduced altuo;it to a linking condition, alter
wily a tear minutes cannonading from the Chesa-
+hi!e tine CheiapFake *lca comparatively
an-
And the Court
bad pot accidentally facie 00 board 'the
and We Shannon's anchor et foul in the

after cluster port of the Chesapeake. the nennon
Must have very soon sotrendered or sunk. •
" It appears to the Court, that as the ships were
getting foul, Captain Lawrence ordered the boarders
to be called but the bugle man, Wm. Brown, sta.
tioned to call the boaiders by sounding a bugle, had
deserted his quarters, and when discovered and or-
dered tb call, was unable from fright to sound his
horn; Celt midshipmen went below immediately to
p:.ss the word fer the boarders ; but these not being
called.'•in the way they had been usually exercised,
few came upon the upper deck ; confusion prevailed;
a greater part of the men desetted their quarters, and
nit below.
" It appears also to the Court, that when the
Shannon got foul of the Chesapeake, Ca pt. Lawrence,
his first Lieutenant, the Sailing Master, and Lieute-
nant of Marines, were all killed or mortally wound-
ed, and thereby the upper deck of the Chesapeake
was left without any Commanding Officer, and with
only one or two young Midshipmen.
6, It also appears to the Court, that previously to
the ships getting foul, many of the Chesa; rake's spar-
deck division had been killed and wounded, and the
number stationed on that deck thereby considerably
reduced ; that these being left without a commissioned
officer, or even a warrant officer, except one or two
inexperienced midshipmen, and not being supported
by the boarders from the gun-deck. almost univer-
sally desetted their quartets. And the enemy avail-
ing himself of the defenceless state of the Chesa-
peake's upper deck, boarded and obtained possession
of the ship with very little opposition.
66 From this view of the engagement and careful
examiriation of the evidence, the Court are unani-
mously of opinion that the capture of the late United
States frigate Chesapeake, was occasioned by the fol-
lowing causes : the almost unexampled early fall of
Captain Lawrence, and all the principal Officers ;*
the bugleman's desertion of his quarters,and inability
to sound his horn ; for the Court,are of opinion if the
horn had been sounded when first ordered, the men
being then at their quarters, the boarders would have
promptly repaired to the spar deck. probably have
prevented the enemy from boarding—certainly have
repelled them, and might have returned the boarding
with success ; and the failure of the boarders on both
decks to rally on the spar deck after the enemy had
boarded, which might have been done successfully,
it is believed, from thecautious manner in which the
enemy came on board.
66 The Court cannot, however, perceive in this
almost unexampled concurrence of disastrous circum-
stances, that the national flag has suffered any dis-
honour from the capture of the United States frigate
Chesapeake, by the superior force of the British fri-
gate Shannon, of 52 carriage guns, and 390
Nor do this Court apprehend that the result of this
engagement will in the least discourage our brave
seamen from meeting the enemy hereafter on equal
terms.
.4, The Court being also charged to inquiri into the
conduct of the Officers and men, during and alter
the engagement, and thereupon having strictly
exa-
mined and maturely considered the evidence as re-
corded, do find the folloWing causes of complaiat
" Flrst—,Against Lieutenant Cox, that being s attuned in
'command of the wood division on the main trek, he left hi.
division during the action, while his men were at teeir quarters,
and went upon the upper deck : that when there, anti the enemy
boarding, or on the point of bei.,rding, he kit die deck to aMitSt
Captain Lawrence below, went down 'Walt him front the sp.ir-
deik to the birth ; did not retina to his d vision, but went
firward n the gun deck; that white there, and the men were
retreating below, he commended them to go to then duty with-
out enforcing his conimands. But as a Court ot Inquiry allows
an accused pereon no *ppm wilily of v e:..cailtig his coniite:t, the
Members of this Court trust tint th,t, opinion on ti' conduct
of Lieutenant Cox, may net be deemed conclusive against him,
wnhout teat by &tart-nen tial.
" Second—Againq Midshipman !Wrest that he left his
quarters during the action, and did not return to them, and now
assigns no reason for his conduct satisfactory to this Court.
" 'Third—Against Midshipman Fleshmaa ; flat he behaved in
an unoffiterlike mimer at iialitas, astiontrg a false name at the
office of she Commissary of Prisoners when obtaining his parole,
and was paroled by the name of Wm. Brown.
" Fourth—Against the crew generally : that they deserted
their quarters, and ran below %Per the ships were foul, and the
enemy bearded. But it appearing that they behaved well at their
quarters before, and Bred osr the enemy with great rapidity apd
precision, the Court ascribe their misconduct to the confusion
naturally Inc dent to the early loss of their officers, and the ontosion of the call for boardere in the accu•tomed manner. Yet this
Court is very far from exculpating those who are thus criminal.
It is unable to designate by name all the individuals who thus
abandoned their duty, because most of the officers had recently
joined the ship, some only a few days preceding the engagement,
and of course could not distinguish the men. The Court, there-'
fore, respectfully submit to higher authority the expediency of
withholding the wages of the crew. The persons whom the
Court are able to designate by name, as deserters from their stn.
done, are William Brown, bugleman Joseph Wawa, captain
of 24. gun ; Peter Frost and John Joyce, seamen.
44, The Court further find, the following persons
entered the British service at Halifax, viz. Henry
Ensign, Peter John. Andrew Simpson, Peter Lang-
run, Magness Sparring, Joseph Galla, Maarten Aas
derson, Francis Paris, John White, boy, 'rhoesee,
Arthur, Charles Reynalds, John Pkce, jun.. AO-
drew Denham, Thomas Jones; Charles Goodman,
JosCph Antonio, Christopher Stevens, Charles Bow-
den, Charles Westerbuty, Joseph Smith, George
Williams and George Cordell.
" The Court further find and report, that William
Wainwright, William Worthington, and James Par-
ker, the last of whom was born at Salem, Massa-
chusetts, were claimed by the enemy as British sub-
jects, and sent on board the enemy'sships of war.
4, This Court respectfully beg leave to superadd,
that, unbiassed by any illiberal feeliegs, towards the
enemy. they feel it their duty to state, that the con-
duct of the enemy, after boarding and carrying the
Chesapeake, was a most unwarrantable abuse of
power after success.
64 The Court is aware, that in carrying a ship by
hoarding, the full extent of the command of an offi-
cer cannot be readily exercised ; and titan improper
violence may nrievoidaiily ensue. Wiwi this happens
in the mowent Of coinciinun, a magnanimous con-
quered foe will not cnmpiairt. But the tact toss been
clearly established before this. Court, that the enemy
met with little opposition on the tipper deck, and
none on the gun deck. Yet alter tilt) had can k'J
the ship they tire.: from the gnit•cleck GtiWil the hatch-
way upon the birth-de:l, and killed and wounded
several of.the Chesapeake's crew, who had retreated
there, were Ull4lllll J and 'incapable of making Atli
opposition ; that spine balls were tired even into the
cockpit; and what ex:ites the utrno4 'abhorrence,
this outrage was dbunnitted in the iirestirce of a Bri-
tish officer standing at the hatchway.
WILLIAM DAP.Bitiliar., Pfebidellie"

FLANDERS. MAIL.

FRANKFORT. AUGUST •.

What has hitherto been published resprceng the
peace with France, gives rise to numberless conjec-
tures, and conversations in every shape. Those who
pretend to know that France will preserve its inte-
grity, say; that the two first lines of all the fortresses
from Dunkirk to Strasburg') will he occupied by the
allied troops till order and peace are restored in France
again: other: affirm that Alsace, Lorraine, and Bur-
gundy, will very shortly be definitively taken posses-
sion of by the Allied Posvers: others even pretend that
France will lose several -seal ports in the Channel and
the Mediterranean.
'Tln Journal published in our neighbourhood ob-
serves, that all go too far, particularly the.last con-
jecture ; and that, for the present, the best way is
net to conjecture, but to wish and believe that the
Allied Sovereigns will secure, in the best manner,
their own and their people's intereet—their own re-
pose and that of Europe ; and now that the right
moment is' come, will profit by it to make France in-
capable of doing future mischief.

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