Star.
London, England, 1830-01-04 00:00:00

rcoii•VßlA.

Ttb"Telli 11,DITOR OP THE STAR.
'Africa '
Beam, Sam, es, f XlO. .
• Si R.LiCeithei the unhealthy climate of Pdtia;'nor the
' almost idieemisible &Chß of Juaniintbzi 'end • of Gvar.
• tira, nor the•warlike and fanatiial Pcisto, could stop tl4
progress .6f the Da e daTO a. Triuinphing in 13Mnbonai
he *as erialfied' to give his hand in Quito to another herq
equally vietorioni tO SUC RE, who in Pichincha, and
with.Spanilsh blood; Inicribed his name in the 'annals of
' Glory. The unfortunate' country of Salinas "Mid Mon-i
tufar, the first people of the Republic that raised thel
standard of liberty 'and of the law against usurpation and
despotism, tnarhed at length in the path of independence.
' Other-earriets, in the mean time, freed Cumana, Car 4
thagenrs,- and Coro, did Panama 'doss also ematics
• pated. In Vain Moat LES, denaturalizing himself, sur-
prised Maracaibo, end in the pride of triumph un-
folded again the bonnie banner of " War to the Deith.",
In vain PASTO and Catlin to .1 perfidiously hoisied 'the
standard of rebellion.: 'all this Only served 'tit 'afford

more proof of the strength or the warriors of the Re-
public. New triumphs added ltudfe to Our arms, under
the direction of the LIBERATOR, MONTILLA, PADILLA,
and MANRIQUE : independenCe was re-established, and
order restored. To crown all, a splendid achievement
of General PANZ, seconded by BEILMU DRZ, snatched
Puerto-Cabello from the hands of the Spaniards, and in
1823 from the river Culebras to the mouth of the Ori-
noco, and from Tumbes to Gttlfo-Dulce, Columaiapte-
setitea'herself to the world united, 'full of heroes, ind in
the meridian of glbiy!
But as if something was wanting to the esaitCheon,
and the distinction of our country, even before these last

successes, the disasters of the Peruvian arms in Ica and

Muquegua, occurred to awaken the generosity of our
"government, and 'to open a new field for tho valour
'of our •soldiers. Cottifittfia being solicited id the
'most urgent and Soleuin -manner, she would not

remain insensible to the misfortunes of a nation
which she regarded as a sister. From Guyaquil
•(which had voluntarily rtegnised the fundamental law,
'and incorporated berselk with the Republic) the raiBIRA—
TOIL flew to atquire new laurels in the Andes of Peru.
'Under his banners he united the soldiers of the Rio de la
Plata, of Primac, of the Oronoco, and of the Migda-

lens, and not only had to contend against Peruvian dis-
may and disorder, confusion, sad apathy, but their fic-
lions—civil war and defection ; as well its the Spaniard
emboldened and strengthened by his reedit iiibmphs.
Displaying energy ot soul that increased ivltil the fury
bf the !dorm, he charged hbritelf in Patavilea with the
roll of PAnivs, until the moment arrived to act the
part of AN He then scaled the Andes, and in
Jusica and Agarrouchoil, BOLIVAA and Svcna
accomplished the emancipation of the whole Ame-
rican Continent. Eighteen thousand oppressors
anifendered their arms, or perished in the two Perna;

two millions of inhabitants saw their chains broken ;

" the lions and the towers of Castile made ple:ci for the
colours of independence, and of liberty,7 Mid the
!standards under which Pizarro had eiiilaved the country
of the Incas, lowered before Columbian valour, were re-
moved to adorn tiur Museum of Bogota, and to wave as
trophies in the distinguished City which had served as
the cradle tit) the Liberator of three nations.
The prestige of the name of Bouv AR, the gratitude
Which was due to the eminent services that tit had ren-
dered the general cause, gave him an omnipotent' influ-
ence in the countries recently liberated by the Coluinbian
arms.

The four pniviisbes that formed the' Alto' Peri' declaied
themselves independent of the Rio de la Plata, to which
they had belonged before the year 1810, as well also of
Peru, to which Viceroyalty ABASCAL had by force
united them, as soon as the American revolution had
commenced : the new State called itself the Republic al
Bolivia; and not satisfied with this homage to its Lusa-
RATOR, solicited him to give it fundamental laws. The
code was then promulgated which bears the name of its
immortal author; a code which contains many principles
of order and stability.
Peru' herselrdld not delay to express an" oilinicin in
tabour of the Bolivian Code. In both countries
there wad nothing at the time thought of but how
t 6 compete most successfully in an adoration of
General BoLt VAR. The virtues of this hero -
his talents, his sagacity, his fortitude, his auda-
city—were the subjects of their most vehement enco-
ntiums, and also of the most servile adulation. " Sti-
pteme power—dictatorial facalties--Presidenty for
efforts to retain him altogether in the bosom of their
country, that be might charm away the disorder of error
and of crime, and consolidate interior tranquillity and the
new regime"—all this, and much more, was lavished AI
him by some men who sincerely admired him, and also
by abject parasites, by insidious enemies, and by whatsiW
ever was the most noble and the most base in-that part Of
the world of COLUMBUS.
Whilst the Columbian Hercules was tistiqslini'td the
earth oppression, stifiintadirchY, and laying the founds•
tions of public order hi this Upper and Lower Peru ; whilst
pretended sages and statesmen were submitting to hie de-
cision, the' gigantic, but impracticable project of the sinks
of Columbia; Bblivia, and the empire of the Incas, whilst
they were inflaming his ardent imaginatiois wits
.the
magnificent 'advantages that would result Aierefres,
whilst two nations, daughters of his victories, hat MN
by their witcheries" from his own country— that consaby
was alai; petireuting the most grievous spectacle of helms
vicissitudes.

Notwithistanding the defeetethat we have ingualikea in'
the constitution of Puerto and of others Which we shall
shortly notice in the relation of event*'; iottiithstanding
tl&e difficulties which such a destructive' corttsit; 'and ply-
longed state of disorder, bad offered to die astailibmig
of the new system ; notwithstanding our illijualliik
customs and ignorance presented considerable °betake

to the organisation of the separate branches of the admi-
nistration. The Republic had advanced forward with a
partial degree of regularity in the path of independence,
from the first days of its pativity.
The legislative 'body had assembled usually at the
periods fixed by the law. The executive' hid pursued
genehdly, a line of conduct calculated to conciliate
the reipect Of the 'people, and'ibad :preserved consistency
in the constitutional system: lchnihere in the Republic
had there been 'any popular tumid, and to appearance
the institutions merited • public favour and conformed to
the laws.

Many measures necessary, beneficent, and useful, had
been decreed by the congress of Cacuta, and by the
Executive authority. The debtii contracted for, separately,
by new Grenda and Venezuela, were recognized, and
the engagements made by their agents in foreign coon,
tries were confirmed. The abominable traffic in men was
prohibited, and a philanthropic and discreet policy, de-
clared all those to be free _who had drawn their first
3reath on the soil of Columbia. Every 'vestige of ,the
horrible tribunal of the Inquisilie9 was effaced. The
Government recognised .the:9liiii'ority of the Bishops and
their Vicars in spiritual affairs-primary schools on the
systeiti'of LANCASTER, and Universities in every pro-
vince of Columbia, were ordered to be formed. The
Nuns were permitted to keep schools in their convents
for young female children—the liberty 9f the Press was
decreed, and the exile of those proved to he disaffected to
the cause of independence was ordered.
.•
The duty of exdise and on importation into the interior
was abolished, and some of our richest productions were
allowed free exportation. A judicious liiw on exporta-
tion, and another 'on the naturalization of foreigners.
wore promulgated. The Alcahala 'Fax, and the TribUto
of the Indians, were abolished. The aquadiente mono-
poly was given up—the weights and measures were ren-
dered uniform;—the transfer of appraised lands was
settled, judicial expences were diminished, others equally
burthensome were gol rid of, and finally a commission
was formed to liquidate the National Debt.
. .

GARCIA DEL RIO.

The WELLEBLEY family have been always fond of
show: Dargan, the family seat in the county of Meath,
being of very lin ited. extent, and all ornament, is called
" Ruffles without shirt."

The Archbishop Of MYELIN'S celebrated antithesis—
" A religion without a Church, and a Church without
a religion," is a. mere plagiarism. JULIUS C.V4AIt,
when setting out for Ssiain', said he " was going to con-
quer aq army without a General," meaning the army
under POmPLY'S lieutenants, " after which he would go
to coaqher a General without an army," meaning
PoMPaT himself.

The late lunaCy affair of Mr. DAVIES, suggests the
wish that sonte active Member of Parliament would
shortly mdve for returns of .the number of patients dis-
charged as cured from private madhopees.witbin the last
twenty years, and thus give the nation an opportunity of
Teeing what proportion of good is effected by medical
treatment: a part of the returnought ale. 9 to give the
aunii innually charged by the keeper of the mad-house
for the care of each unhappy patient.
Notice of trial for libel haspwe understand; been hen;j4l
to the Standard; two, if not three. notices to themmie
effect to the Age ; and three additional notices to ilia
Morning Journal.—Sunday Paper.

Some Strange reports have been is circulation during
the last.week, relative to the eccentric conduct of a maA
possessing great influence over the destinies of the nationii
of his riding in an omnibus to the City; of his taking hie.
seat among the paupers in thq parish church of his coun-
try seat, &c. &c. Having the Scarlet fear before our
eyes; we dare not be more explicit.
The questions vitally affecting.thq.intetrity pf the em-
ptle,'aree=The Defective State of the Representation
the rulhous and desolating extent or the Taxes; the cern-
illeated iniquity pf the Law ; the adminiiiiratlen, of Jus-
tice by interestectand ineonßetent Magistrates;_ the State
of the Cleigy, the condition of the Poor Laws, and the
feudalism of the Game Laws, &c; the Representation
ix Parliament being the master-key to all othtr
grievances, it ought to be the first point on wadi our
exertions should be made to tUrn.—News. •

A few days ago, a young lady came to town with her
child and a female servant, on a visit to a friend in Salie-
bury-square. On alighting from' he coach in Fleet-street
she wrapped up the infant carefully on her bosom, and
proceeded on foot to her destination: on her arrival at
whA, on opening the clothes containing the infant, she
faptind it iscol.pse, the infant having died from suffocation.
wanit her first and only child. Several fatal accidents
of similar kind happened during the late frost. •
Tnotes P. Votks, Esq. and Major Caitiza, 'Chief
Magistietes of Police, have repaired' te',l3turles,
had a cenferelice with the Military Auther'ines, relative
to the frightfill diillettiieCes which exist in the County
Tipperary. Prompt measures are determined on by Go-
vernment.—Limerick Paper.'
Thursday. the Earl of li.citzwrza canoed ireisal
waggon loads of faggots to be delivinveltdoorby door, to
the poor of Evershot, Melbury, and WOolcombe. Two
fat heifers were also slaughtered and divided among them,
and a consillersble quantity of warm clothing girenl
away.-=Raga Chrerisith.
Alduel has taken place at Berlin, between two indivi-
ditaWwlib are foreign diplomatists. The point in dia.
, ,
pat! was a difference of opinion, not respecting political
affairs, but relative to an historical fact. Fate has, .9n
thisneassion, decided in favour of the Continini; with-
ourkny unhappy consequences to the metes party.
•ILLEOVER, DEC. 20.—1 t issaid that outyGovertunent
intends to appoint a Director-General of all the High
Schools 'in the kingdom. M. tehleraisch, Counselloi„
and Director of Schools in the service of Prussia, a
noverian by birth, liana pave received an invitation to
fill this'oifice, and will prefivivir accept of it.
PARIS, Dec. 28.—The Englisti Journals have nor
arrived for these two days. The 4ei*. Mails are also
is arrest. The letters from the chipartrevits uniformly
announce a delay of twelve, twenty-four, in 4 even forty-
eight hours', in the arrival of the mails and:;dilitranc!or
tweed irj the snow with which the roads are covered.
Tut Hadui, Dec. 27.—His MAJESTY baii
!akin a ewe important resolution, by which his Royal
Highness Prince Fianzatce of the Netherlands,
thertotommiligary-Geninal of War, is appointed Ada*
of 1.14 Naiy and Coliiit-Glentind of ' the lAnd Poirce!,
Timis his 'highness is pisoittit 'the head of ells War and
Navy Departnionts, which, from the Ist January, 1830,
will be superintended 'by Directors-General' rig. for the
Marine, Admiral Wom.twance ; sad, for the Army,
Wort:oast-General Di Enlist's'

. . .
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND THE
MIZE OF MARLBOROUGH.