Star.
London, England, 1813-11-03 00:00:00

SPANISH PAPERS.

CADIZ, SEPTEMBER 25.
Perhaps a sketch of the recent politicatevents which
have taken place in this city may not be uninterest-
ing, and I therefore transmit you the following :
You will probably have learned from" our journals
that the Extraordinary Cortes have finishid their sit-
tings, and that the Ordinary Cortes have assembled.
They have not. et, however, proceeded to transact
public business, 'hut have been engaged let the verifi-
cation of their powers, and in the election of a Pre-
sident and Secretaries. But during the period be-
tween the rising of the Extraordinary, and the assem-
bling of the Ordinary Cortes, a deputation of the
former continued permanent, and held their sittings
from day to day. The professed object of this mea-
sure, so little analogous to the practice of British le.
gislatioa, is to watch over the observance of the Con-
stitution, to secure the regular assemblage of the
Ordinary Cortes, and probably to retain a superin-
tendance over the conduct of the Regency. In fact,
it has so happened that an opportunity occurred, in
which this permanent deputation exercised a very
marked influence on the determinations okthe Re-
gency.
The question with regard to the removal of the
Government to Madrid has several times occasioned
a considerable conflict of opinion ; and it appeared,
that those supposed to be attached to the old political
system, have been anxious for that removal, while
the friends of popular rights have constantly urged
the propriety of remaining in Cadiz, till the enemy
was completely expelled, Pamplona recov d, and
the frontier secured. For the side whi each of
these parties took, it would not, perhaps, difficuk
ie
to account on other grounds ; but at present, it will
be sufficient to state the fact of such diversity of
views.

About the middle of this month, in consequence of
its being ascertained that a fever prevailed at Gib-
taltar, the people of Cadiz, peculiarly alive to every
rumour of contagion from the dreadful pestilence
which raged at Malta, were soon agitated by reports
that the same fever had made its appearance to their
city. The Council of State took the alarm? and iv-
commended to the Regency the immediate removal
of all the Departments of Government to Madrid.—
Influenced by this advice, the Regency had even is-
sued orders to that effect on the eveniag of the 18th,
which were to be executed neat &y.
The populace of Cadiz, filled with ersisternation,
assembled in crowds in the streets, sad wen wit very

measured in their ezpressiois d resestsuent against
those who had authorized a measire which they
thought unnecessary, and which they probably con-
ceived would materially affect their interest& No
disturbance, however, took place, though the alarm
was considerable. •

At this moment the permanent Deputation of the
Cortes interfered, and summoned an ialtDOCUllte meet-
ing of the Extraordinary Cortes, who had already
been dissolved, but the greater part of whose mem-
bers still remained in Cadiz. That body met accos-
dingly, under the Presidency of Senor Gordoa, and
immediately proceeded to call for the examinations
of the Physicrans and of the Board of Health : from
their representations, it soon appeared that the alarm
was unfounded—that no dangerous fever prevailed—
and that the general health was much the same as at
similar prriods of the year, when calentures are more
or, less frequent.
In consequence of this, and of the general impres-
sion that seemed to pervade the Cortes, the order for
the removal of the Departments of the Government
was withdrawn. That body, after a session of two
days, again dissolved, and affairs returned to their
regular course. In the mean time, perhaps it may
not be uninteresting to you to transmit you the speech
delivered by the President of the Permanent Deputa-
tion of the Cortes, in the sitting of the 15th instant.
It at least assigns the motives for the existence of a
body which may by some be reckoned an anomaly
in legislation, and chews the anxiety of the Spanish
polrucaans to maintain the influence of the people.

SPEECH OF THE PAEHERINT 01 THE PERMANENT DEPU-
TATION OF THE (MITES) IN THE bITTINO QY THE
15TH SEPTEMBER.
44 All nations must have been early aware of the
necessity of fixing limits to the Government which
they had formed for the establishment of general or-
der, justice, and tranquillity; and Spain, not less
prudent in regard to its Kings, whom it obeyed with
respect and veneration, than brave and energetic
against its enemies, whom it always combated with
heroic constancy, created a National Congress which
might curb that tendency to arbitrary power, which,
by a mournful fatality, seems the inseparable compa-
nion of those who govern. It is impossible to view
with-out admiration the pleasing recollection of those
Cortes who, amidst the continual wars by which the
kingdom was agitated and exhausted, assembled for
the purpose of electing the Monarch who was to go-
vern, dictating the laws which were to be obeyed,
imposing the taxes which every one had to pay, and
thus securing the liberty and the rights of the nation.
Unfortur.atiy, that inestimable Institution, which,
like all the other works of men could not be exempt
from the vicissitudes incident to human weakness,
was constituted with those imperfections which were
I.ecoliar to times K hen war was the pridcipal occu-
pation of the Spaniards, and a cunning policy availed
itself of the opportunities they afforded to frustrate
its high ends. The law specified neither the epoch
nor the day at which the Cortes should be periodi-
cally assembled, nor was there that permanence of
representation which is the principal bulwark that
can be opposed to the ambition of the Prince or the
Minister. Hence it was not extraordinary that the
legitimate posters of the Cortes were gradually Unlit
ped, their meetings suspended or discontinued, and
that the institution itself became an empty name..
Front-that montent,--she
iegenos and spkndaar, of
"the iribnaratY" felnittlo tit at length, in Our
days, a cunning and perfidious userper dared to con-
ceive the criminal design of subjugating the country.
But the Spaniards, who, though influenced by foreign
nations, and governed by foreign families, still re-
tained their unconquered valour, and the unsubdued
pride of their noble character, roused themselves
against the hosts of the tyrant, and while in the act
of forming their Government, it was impossible they
could forget the primitive institution of their ances-
tors. They therefore convoked the Cones to mu.
late their means of defence against a foreign 011103 T,
and to secure their liberties against WNW enemies. I
The General and Extraordinary Corms werwatstaUed
between the batteries of the enemy and do ores of
the ocean; and while the legions of blapolipon were
launching their incendiary bombs, and endeavouring
to storm the last asylum of Spanish lawny, the au-
pot Congress, undisturbed and immovable, framed i
die political constitution of the mooarthy, or rather
retouched the fine picture of the ancient mitigation,
giving it a more mellow colouring, mad MOM exact'
proportions, with additional durabi mind consistency.
iienceforward a profound and seductive ambition
will no longer be enabled to execute its daring enter-
prises : an ever-burning torch will disclose the bad
arts with which it has hitherto combined its dark and
secret plans, and the Permanent Deputation will de.
flounce them to the ensuing Cones for puniehment.
'The General and Extraordinary Cortes, aware that
the intervals interposed betieeen theirs:winkling of the
different Cones, were the principal cause of the pro. i
gressive decline of the national representation, and of '
its ultimate suppression, have established theprincipie
of the indissolubility of the Congress; and while that
own sittings are suspended, they have felled up the
vacuum with a permanent Deputation, whicfrnhall
guard art infracdone:of she Cositandlin, prepare
the ins' dun of the apOoaching Cortes, and Corm
the last ink to unite the chain by which despotism
must be for ever bound. This is the first time that
the permanent Deputation has had the honour of
addressing itself to the respectable Deputies who
have been selected for their virtues to occupy a place
in the august Congress of the nation ; and.as the
faithful organ of the Extraordinary Cortes, it cannot
omit expressing the just confidence which is inspir-
ed by their intelligence, their patriotism, and the
general choice of their respective provinces.—
The chief foundations of the national prosperity rue
already laid ; and to you, illustrious fathers of your
country, belongs the invaluable privilege of crown-
ing and consolidating the grand and majestic edifice.
Rooted abuses which have grown up under the pro-
tection of a weak, arbitrary, and dilapidating Go-
vernment ; opinions received in education, and au-
thorised by the prejudices of the times ; —interests
which are opposed to great reform; conflicting shocks
of party, which are inseparable from the compli-
cated circumstances of a revolution ;—all these

powerful causes have been able to .retaid, for some
time, the accomplishment of the ardent wishes
the Cortes, and the Uttering hopes of the nation :
but your zeal, activity. and wisdom, will soon sur-
mount these obstacles, which are already in part over-
cone; and if the Extraordinary Cones, who began

their sittings when all the provinces were occupied as
invaded, had the satisfaction of closing them wheat
the enemy, pursued by our victorous armies, re.
passed the Bidassoa, covered with ignominy. there i
reserved for the Ordinary Cones, who are about to bt
installed, when the roar of cannon is again heard it.
the North, the immortal glory of reestablishing ou•
beloved King Ferdinand upon the throne, and of gis
ing the nation a real and solid peace, which may s•
cure its independence and prosperity."