Star.
London, England, 1831-06-20 00:00:00

THE TURK BEN /IMAM.

The Observer gives the followiog as an authorised state-
ment of this strange case :
Sophia Chapman, a fair and well-looking young woman,
about 20 years of age, was placed at the bar, said a tall, date.
but well-dressed young man, apparently about 25 years of
age, entered the witness box. The latter ow asked by Sir.
Phillips, the clerk, his name, end what hit charge a it
*phut the prisoner ? He replied, in bnken Rrt%iisl,,' Day
acme, Sere, is Ben Hyam, and I was rub of half to-
Kr. /dxnuorr—.What are you, Sir, and how did ,he rub
ion ?
Ben Hde
am a Turk, Sare; and I do travel with
goods in de country to sell; and l met de woman tie last
; I go home with her; I did show her de half-sove-
which I bad in • paper, and I put in my littel pocket
where I put de watch. la the atoning when I got up, Igo
to little pocket, and no paper and no half-sovereign ; but I
led de paper in my breeches pock, t, and de money gone.
After de policeman came, de prisoner and landlady of de
Muse say they will give me lir. if I go away, as the girl
aught to have lie ; but de policeman say, " No ; give hint
nothing; it must go to justke."
The prisoner, being asked what she had to say, saki site
never saw the half-sovereign.
Ben Hyam.—Oh yes you did, and you ask me to take Bs.
and go.
Mr. MARIUOT.—YOU must prosecute this woman fur die
robbery.
Beta Hyam...—Me no war.t to prosecute. Sue ; me shall
lose my business in de country ; It was not de half-sovereign
I did care for so much ; no, Sare, me no wish to prosecute,
'bough she did rob me very bad.
Mr. Alauniker.—Oh, you don't wish to prosecute ? Then
I shall compel you; for if you do not find sureties to prose.
cute, 1 will send you to gaol with her.
Ben Hyam--No, Sare, you send de thief, and not man
who was robbed, to de prison. Pray, Sam, let me go; I
do not care for de half-sovereign.
Mr. MAIIItIOTT—You know your immoral conduct has
been such that you will not be allowed your expenses un the
trial. so you do not wish to prosecute.
Ben Hyam--1 do not know what you say, Sare, about do
immoral; but I wish to go to my business, if you pleas.,
Sare, in de country.
Mr. 11Lannicre—Have you got bail to be answerable tor
your appearaoce ?
Ben liyam—Me have no friends except in de country.
The policeman confirmed the Turk's Marmara, and the
latter having signed bia deposition was locked up, and after-
wards was handcuffed and taken by the gaoler, with the fe-
male. to Kingston, the latter committed tot the fehlny, and
the former for want of sureties to appear to give evidetot:
against her at the next madam

THB BOROUGH OF Si'. MICHAEL.
The following family compact, in relation to this
Cornish borough, has just been published by Mr.
John Hawkins, sen. father of the ex-Member, in
the course of a controversy which has taken place
between him and Lord Falmouth. From the state-
ment of Mr. Hawkins, it appears that, at the law
election, this compact was violated by Lord Fal-
mouth, who declared his intention of opposing the
late Member at St. Michael's, on account of the
speech made by that gentleman in favor of the Re-
form Bill, shortly before the dissolution of Parlia-
ment. We lay the document before our readers, as
an interesting specimen of " the system which has
so long worked well :"
“ AGREEMENT.

"August 2, 1806
" It is agreed between the Right Honoasable Viscount
Falmouth, otTregothnen, of the one part, and Sir Christo-
pher Hawkins, Bart. and John Hawkins, ILA. his brother,
of the other pan, that for the better management and future
quiet of the borough end property of the above parties, si-
tuate within that part of the parishes of Newlyn, and St.
Bonder, which lies in the borough of St. Michael, the fol-
lowing arrangement shall take place
"That Lord Vi,count Falmouth shall give to Sir Chris-
topher Hawkins, Ban. and John Hawkins. Req. the full
command of all his toesseagel, lands, and tenements, within
the said borough of St. Michael, during the tune hereby
agreed for, the said Sir an.ropher Hawkins, and his heirs,
holding the political interest of the said borough, subject
only to the payment of the clear yearly rent of .
which the said Sir Christopher Hawkins hereby, for himself
and his heirs, doth consent and agree to pay to the said
Viscount Falmouth, and his heirs, during the time of the
entire political interest in the said borough being in the
said Sir Christopher Hawkins and his heirs, and no lor.ger.
" That the said Sir Christopher Hawkins and his bens
shall from this time, until two general elections shell have
taken place subsequent to the date hereof, have the entice
command of the political interest in the said borough of Sr.
Michael, without any intenuption or interference on the p.ii t
of Lord Falmouth or hie heirs, but, on the contrary, that
Lord Falmouth shall and will give all h;s intrust in the sa,i
borough, duting such time, to the said Sir Christopher Haw -
kin/ and his heirs ; every expense attending the said pout
cal interest in the said borough of St Michael being paid
and discharged by the said Sir Christopher Hawkins
and his heirs, during the two next Genteel Elections,
and until the Rill end of this present, and the now neat •
Smokes of Parliament ' • It being hereby most solemnly
agmed, between the aforesaid parties, that the sole
nominative of all members to serve in Patliairent for tt.e
said bare* of St. Michael shall continue in the family of
the mid Sr Christopher Hawkins trot this day, until the
time of a third general election abet! take place; and that,
hens and after the end of the present and the two next sue-
moan Moslem of Parliament, tt.e said estate of the paid
Viscount Falmouth, within the said borough of St. Mi-
chael, shall he returned to the said Viscount Falmouth and
his heirs, and all rent fur the tame shall cease to be due or
• payable by the said Sir C. Hawkins and his heirs.
•.• That, at the third general election next ensuing the
date hereof, it is hereby mutually agreed between the said
parties, that at such election, and at all subsequest p-
ostal elections for the said borough of St. Michael one
candidate shall always be named by the said Sir Christopher
Hawkins and his heirs, and the other candidate by the said
Viscount Falmouth sod his heirs, and that neither of the
said contracting parties shall have more than one candidate,
bat that each ' party as far as in them lies, shall suppers the
nomination of eachother ; in case of any vacancy, the party
whose member or friend makes it shall fill it up.
" That at the third general election, and all general flee.
des after the third, the whole expense of the returning
Members to Parliament shall be paid jointly and equally be-
tween the said Sir Christopher Hawkins and his heir., and
the said Viscount Fain outh and his heirs, and that the ex-
pense of every single election shall be borne and paid is, by
the party supplying or tilling up such vacancy.
" That in are the said Viscount Falmouth altoold have no
seat in Parliament at his command for his son, at the next
general election, and shall apply to the said Six Cheibeigher
Hawkins to return him lot Si. Michael's, it is medeselood
%tom the contracting parties that the said Sir Cnrisembsr
Hawldas and his heirs sill give a pertmeoce to the said Alt.
assgswen. This, however, is not a Axed eonditina between
the mid parties, only mentioned se a tootles wideli the mainal
geed understanding between the two families we nssftii
man roger to be asked, and more likely to be •
milk if nothing had palmed on the subject at gial= • .
it is not to he cossidered as soy binding 111.1111a•-'
mat between them.
"That this agreement stall be binding between tlint
treating Firths, as tar as words and honour Chlll inJmi 110^.
•• %%message 1 FALMOUTH,
lads, CHRISTOP lumina%
" Wimps, CIIARLIM RASHLEOH."

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THE RHINE.
The Rhine, the Rhine, the beauteaus Rhine !
What rapture did I prove
On dime romantic banks of thine,

-.-
In buoyant youth to rove !
And now, when worn with years and care,
I hail Inv native Rhine,
Wham eartledsummits cleave the air,

And nurse the blushing vine
The barge floats lightly on thy breast,
With oar and snowy sail;
Yon shadowy cliffs' embattled crest
Looks princely o'er the vale—
Here oft has vengeance wreaked her vow,
And spread loud war's alarm ;
But thou—majestic river—thou
D,fiest the tyrant's arm !
All else that moves must wane and waste,

Time tracks us to the grave :
But Time bath no memorial traced,

On thy unchanging wave.
Still rolling on through realms of peace,
Thou 'earnest man's control—
No voice can bid thy torrent cease
But His, who bade thee roll !
The brier has wreath'd yon ruined court,
The nightshade climbs the wall;
And the wild fox's brood doth sport
Where Barons held their hall.
In vain I seek their names—their dust—
Both—both have passed away ;
The shrine that held their urns in trust
Is crumbling like their clay !

LITERATURE AND SCIENCE.

BARBADORS TAR.
In the year 1744, the attention of the public
was greatly excited by a series of enquiries con-
cerning the virtues of Tar Water, by the cele-
brated Bishop Berkeley. The learned Prelate con-
sidered tar water as a panacea, and notices its
great effects in diseases inflammatory as well as
atonic.

In the year 1748, Dr. Hales first observed the
great difference between the tar of fir trees, as
imported from the Baltic, and that which spon-
taneously arises from the springs in Barbadoes.
Tar water made from the latter natural product,
although very efficacious in a variety of cutaneous
affections, yet is soft, mild, and no ways disagree•
able to the taste.

In the year 1750, the Rev. Griffith Hughes,
Rector of St. Lucy's parish, published a volumi-
nous folio on the Natural History of Barbadoes,
and therein describes an oily bituminous exudation
issuing from some hills, and confined to two pa-'
rishes. The best, he observes, is from the parish
of St. Andrews, of a deep olive green, and found
very beneficial in paralytic and nervous disorders,
and its medicinal qualities are held in the highest
repute ; and to evince its great diffusive properties,
he says, when a horse has been dosed with it, and
which is frequently the case, when he begins to be
warm upon his journey, the rider will smell the tar
very strong.
In the year 1756, Mr. Warner, an eminent
surgeon of Guy's Hospital, particularly noticed
the superior properties of the Petroleum Barba-
dense, to that imported from Norway or Ame-
rica. He has given many interesting cases,
evincing its admirable effects as an embrocation in
diseases of the larger joints, as well as in'many af-
fections of the tendons and ligaments, and warmly
recommended to practitioners the employment of
the genuine Barbadoes tar.
In the year 1769, Dr. Hilliary published an in-
teresting work on the yellow fever of Barbadoes,
and particularly recommends, in tetanic and spas-
modic affections, the Petroleum Berbadense as an
embrocation, dissolved in rum.

At this period, Dr. Kirkland extensively em-
ployed an ammoniacal solution of the Barbadoes
tar, in diseases of the hip and other joints, with
the greatest success, and was equally so at Bartho-
lomew's Hospital and the Westminster Infirmary,
and in the Medico-Chirurgical Pharmacopoeia was
introduced the Linimentum Bitumin. Barbadense
Ammon. A very interesting communication was
made by a Mr. Pigott, in the year 1793, who par-
ticularly recommends the olive green oil known by
the name of the Pottery. lie minutely describes
its effects in a most severe leprous case, which
was completely cured in <three months by its in-
ternal use, and of its equal success in dispersing a
schirrous tumour of the breast, from its l eing ap-
plied with a warm hand, in the form of an embro-
cation, to the part affected, covering it afterwards
with a piece of bladder.
In the year 1806, Dr. Pinckard, who was Staff
Physician at Barbadoes, particularly describes
the springs from whence this valuable material
arises ; and both Dr. Ainslie and Dr. Fleming
have noticed the admirable effects of the rock oil,
as .more efficacious than the •Cajeput Oil, in all
rheumatic affections, and cases of epilepsy, hys-
teria, and palsy, by rubbing it on the parts more
immediately affected, with the hand, in the form
of a liniment. It has been found internally very
beneficial in Ascarides and Tape Worm, by in-
jection, and in cutaneous affections, may be em-
ployed with the greatest advantage in the form of
a bath.
In consequence of the high duty imposed on the
importation of Barbadoes Tar, certain large che-
mical establishments were induced to prepare an
imitation, and they so far succeeded in the sale,
that, for the last 30 years, the general supply has
proceeded from these sources ; for, during that pe-
riod, it appears from official returns, that no im-
portation of this article has taken place. Hence a
spurious mineral tar, greatly different in its quality,
and also inferior in its medicinal properties,has been
. substituted for the indigenous produce of this wind-
. ward island.

ON THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF THE
MINERAL OILS OF BARBADOES.
Chemists generally consider naptha as the only fluid sub-
' Mom formed by a binary combination of carbon and hydro-
gen ; Dr. Henry says it is a combination of 6 atoms carbon,
and b atoms of hydrogen—therefore its equivalent number
u 41—viz. 41 lbs. of naptha are funned by the combina-
tion of 36 lbs of carbon, and 5 lbs of hydrogen. Dr.
Thomson, with the peroxide of copper, found 3 per cent.
deficiency, and which he concluded to be mote ; and Dr.
Ure deduced from his analysis that oxygen constituted
one portion of it. This discrepancy is considered to area
from some water in the petroleum from the naptha hi
distilled.
With respect to its general character, the pottery more
resembles naptha then any other bituminous substance ; it
is xpecibeally heavier than naptha—naptha being .869, and
the pottery is 94. and boils at 204—its capacity of heat
(atomic moments) is so tow that even at this temperature
the hoed; by immersion, will not be materially injured.
A wine-glass of the' filtered solution of common tar
leaves a disagreeable greasy taste in the mouth, aid in-
duces • mawkish sensation almost amounting to nausea f
whilst the lame quantity •of the pottery solution is aro-
matic, no ways disagreeable to the Aare or the stomach,
and the - effects rather cordial and more per-
...
imonia readily unite with the Barbadoes
alkalies form-silk emulsion with it and

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