Star.
London, England, 1831-06-04 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE JOURNALS.

Hi BALD.—The conduct of Austria to the brave Dwer-
nicki and his corps is now proved to be, by all concurrent
accounts, what we originally stated it was, • gross, and
fi,g tiOUS violation of the principle of neutrality and a
shameless infringement of international law. It appears
that the General and his officers are to be sent to Lay.
bah, and the privates to Transylvania; all the Rus-
sian arms are to be delivered up to General Rudiger, and
those which are recognised as the property of the
Polish tiovemment, are to be considered as property In-
trusted to the Government of Austria. The event which
enabled Austria thus practically to evince its atriums against
Poland, will have little influence on the destinies of that
heroic country, for the loss of Dwernicki and his warriors,
is already repaired by the successful issue of the expedition
of General Chrsanowski to &mom, but it involves a prece-
dent that may be hereafter of the moat mischievous conse-
quences, as being subversive of the rational and equitable
principles which, under similar circumstances, have hitherto
governed civilized nations.
Tl3lES.—lnatallafion the Sing of the French.—
The ceremony of installation, which took place on the Mon.
thy following, was very din:rent from the coronation of the
Kings of the old dynasty, and bas been made the subject of
were criticim by the ultra-Royalists for its august simpli-
city. It is this ceremony which will be recalled to the
minds of the Parisians, by the day fixed for opening the
Chambers, this second year of the King's reign. Rvsrything
seems to indicate, that as the peers were overlooked in the for-
mation of the charter, and election of a king last year, so this
tilt). will be stripped of their hereditary honours. They were
themselves obliged to swear the charter, one of the supple-
mentary articles of which says, that the question of their he-
reditary privileges was to be afterwards taken into considers.
nun, and by the pledges required from the candidates this
question will be forced on the new Chamber. M. Casimir
Perrier, M. theism, and other deputies, have declined to
give such a pledge ; but they may be at last compelled to
comply will the wishes of their present masters—the elec-
tors. The King will probably be obliged to take a tour in
the east and south, as he has done in the west, to gain a little
mute popularity for his ministers before the commencement
or the elections.

POST.—The Parliamentary Returns for the whole of the
United Kingdom are now complete. and we see no reason to
regret the general result of the elections. Wherever atrocious
violence and murderous outrage have not prevailed, to the
prevention of the due exercise of the elective franchise,
the good cause of the Constitution has been proudly
niumpbant ; and we are well assured that numerous re-
turns, effected under the influence of the reign of terror,
trill be set aside by the decision of Parliament. Be-
sides we have most satisfactorily ascertained that a great
portion of the uew members are anti-reformists; and we
et therefore warranted in congratulating our readers (which
se do most cordially) on the cheering prospect of the
Constitution being stilt preserved in all its best parts, and
the country guarded against the manifold horrors of re-
volution—inevitably consequent upon the adoption of the
atrocious project of ministers ! !
TIM ES.—We, of course, should feel great repugnance
to limiting the power of the Press any where : it is the or-
gan of instruction—the propagator of knowledge—the tenor
of despotism. In India, we think it may be tolerated with-
out danger, and must produce advantages; for the East In-
dies are not colonies. The English who are there are
people of education, and capable of hearing questions of
the ;utmost delicacy discussed with frankness, and of
deciding on them justly; whilst the natives, as a body,
sre ignorant of the discussion. In the West Indies, the cir-
curnstances are different: there& mixed population exists, in
every stage from extreme barbarism to respectable cultiva-
tion, but all understanding, more or less, the English lan-
guage. Such a mass is easily excited—it cannot reason, but
cay be put in nomination by the cunning weaving together
of words. There, perhaps, a press totally free from restraint
may be dangerous ; for cettainly it is much easier to inspire
men with a passion for liberty than to qualify them for the
utional enjoyment of it.
COBBETT'S REGISTER.--I found, at Barn-Elm, a
dove.house with about jffly-paie of pigeons. I let them L a
their own living: in the three years they did not give us
jijty young ones, and their population fell off, at last, to
about fifteen pair. I had a little pigeon-house at Ken-
sington, set nut with four pair, that soon began to
take enough young ones for a pigeon-pie ones a week
and yet, in about two years, they Increased to such
numbers, that I was compelled to slaughter the whole by
shooting, and to begin again. But there they were fed three
fines a day abundantly, and whenever they went from home'
it was for diversion and not to seek food- Here was" surplus
population ;" and here was the cause. These lazy devils at
Kensington got all the food and none date work ; and there-
fore l• was compelled to " check their population." and
finally to destroy them. It is exactly the same with human
beings, who, if they labour, never CAN breed too fast,
because they create food and clothing and other necessaries in
proportion to their numbers, and because the subsistence
must precede the population. But if therein a government to
step in, and wrest the subsistence from those by whose
labour it is created, and hand it over to others who, like
my farm-stock, create nothing, then the poor souls'
that do the work must suffer from want- This is
the situation of England at this moment ; and here is
the real fuundation and motive of all that we hear
about " surplus population." Those who labour, those
sho create all the food and all the raiment, seem. at Imes
resolved not to live any longer in a state of half starva-
tion ; and, therefore, those who live In idleness on the
fruit of their labour, are using all sorts of endeavours to
make us believe that the working people an too numer-
ous, and these devourers are worrying the Government
to death to adopt some scheme for thinning their
numbers, not caring a straw about what the country must
thereby lose In point of resources and strength. These
idlers are, in one respect, not like my farm-swell; for they
petit nothing its return for what they devour. They
are like the nags and the pleasure fillies,—who, fin&
leg the clover run short, petitioned the master
to sill off, or kill, some of the cart-hones, of whom they al.
leged that the population was "surplus." " Oh, no I" said
the master, " if there be not enough for all, I must get rid of
some of you ; for you create nothing, and, without the cart
horses, we shall all be starved together." There may, indeed,
be a real " surplus population" of idlers; and this is the case
in England now ; • real surplus of nap and fillies; these are
crying out for a diminution of the number of the cart-hones;
and, contrariwise to the farmer, our Government is listening to
the clamour of these luxurious idlers, and seems to be as
busy as bees in contriving schemes for checking the breed-
ing and getting rid of those who do all the work and
caste all the resources of the country, while, at the same
time, that same Government does not one single thing to
check the breeding, or to get rid of those who live in idle-
ness out of the fruit of the working people's labour, and
obo are mere consumers and wagers of the nation's re-

We have just-heard from the City, that last
night the LORD MA TOR received an Official Com-
munication, announcing that his MAJESTY was
pleased to create him a Baronet.

MON UM ENT TO Fl IS M A JEST Y.—The delegates
of the Trades and Benefit Institutions of the Me-
tropolis have taken up with much spirit the pro-
ject of erecting a national monument to our patriotic
Alonarch. We rejoice to see this intention so
promptly undertaken, and doubt not that sufficient
funds will be raised to meet the expense of the pro-
posed Triumphal Arch.
The fortune of Gen. Sebastiani (so illiberally re-
minded every moment of his having been the son
of a Corsican cooper) is estimated at 2,000,0001.
Sterling.—French Paper.
LA FA Y ETTE's SOlRFE9.—During the season
which has just closed at Paris Gen. Lafayette gave
weekly Soirees; these have concluded, and the pa-
triot of three revolutions has retired to the shades of
La Grange, his estate, a short distance from Paris.
Tl.e receptions at his soirees were conductedwith true
simplicity. He occupied four apartments on the first
Iloor in the Hue u'Anjou, one of which was nearly
114t1 with a bed. Here might be seen, crowded
fur room, O'Dillon 13arrot, Mauguin, General La-
niarque, and many eminent persons, destined, pro-
Libly, to play important rarts in the affairs of their
cctutry. The ladies were seated round the apart-
mcmts ; they were chiefly women of talent, who
had distingi.ished themselves as votaries of the
Ilt:sys, and for devotion to literature; among the
cumber was Mrs. Opie, conspicuous by the neat
trimmers of her drab-coloured silks.