Star.
London, England, 1830-04-22 00:00:00

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

Dias., APRIL 21.—Whtd W.S.W.— Arrived from the River,
aiJ remains, the Lady Rowena, Russell, for New South Wales.
Mortuary, Army 21—Off the port, the Canadian, Henderson,
::ont the South Seas ; Nesbitt, Sampson, from Jamaica ; and the
Coburg, Fraser, from St. Mary's, Africa.
Dorris, Arm. 21.—Arrived off the port, the Hibernia, .---,
nom Honduras ; Anna Margarette, Bruin, from St. Thomas's;
and Falcon, Burrows, from New York.
PORTSMOUTH, APRIL 21.—Wind S. W...-Sailed the Amity
transport, Gray, for Deptford.
Far-mourn, APRIL 20.—Wind W.—Arrived the Zephyr packet,
from Buenos Ayres—sailed the sth of February, and from Monte
Video the 10th.

•CLYDE, Aram 20.—Arrived the Essequibo. Melville, from De-
merara ; Isabella, Haddock, and Pleiades, --.—, from New Or-
leans; and Cartha, Smith, from Savannah.

INFANT ORPHAN ASYLUM.

The first dinner of this excellent charity was celebrated
yesterday, at the City of London Tavern (GEORGE BENG, Esq.
on; of the Presidents, in the Chair). About 200 gentleman of the
tint uspectability, sat down to a most excellent dinner.
Ara the usual toasts had been drunk, and appropriate songs ad-
nur.thly sung by Messrs. Broadhurst, C. and E. Taylor, and Master
Phillips. of the Royal Institution, " Prosperity to this infant In-
stitution" was given with extraordinary honours ; when tLe
Rev. A. H. Kexx EY, D.D., the Secretary, gave a short history
of the institution, and the object contemplated in its formation.
This charity was established in July 1827, for the relief of orphans
under the age of seven years, without distinction of sex or place.
There is no other charity which embraces this class of orphans;
it therefore interferes with no other benevolent institution, while it
may ',become a nursery to the many other charities which receive
the fatherless child at seven years of age. There were at present on the
foundation 36 children, and at the ensuing election, on the 26th of
April, an addition would be made to that number. Meanwhile the
expenses arising on the care, nursing, and education of such young
children,were,very considerable, and the rate of subscription but small,
so that it required the greater acts of voluntary benevolence to give
efficient support to the charity. The Committee were satisfied that
it was only neeeasary for the fact to be known to realise all that
was requisite. They pledged themselves to the most economical
use of the subscriptions of which they might become the trustees.
—They were confident that the cause of the orphan whose
parents and connexions had seen better days--of the orphan,
exposed, in infancy and helplessness, to all the bitterness and want
of a fatherless condition—would sufficiently plead for itself with
every one possessing the sympathies proper to humanity.
The Chairman, on the health of hie Royal Highness the
Duke of Gloucester, the Patron of the Society," being drunk, an-
nounced a donation of 101. 10s. from his Royal Highness, who
would have presided at the dinner, had not he been pre.engaged to
dine with the friends of the London Hospital, on the other side of
the street.

The Worthy Chairman gave twenty guineas, and this example
was so liberally followed, that, in the course of the evening, the
subscriptions and donations amounted to upwards of 7001.

LLATIIERTRADE.—In the opinion of those best quali-
fied to judge, the removal of the leather tax bids fair to produce at
no distant date, something like a complete revolution in the trade.
The duty resmes on the sth July, and we are acquainted with
manufacturers who are determined not to stamp another hide
till after mid-summer. Among other changes, tanners will
become leather cutters, and shoemakers tanners, at least in re.
mote and inland situations. We have conversed with many
persons who well remember when it was customary for farm.
era to send their hides to the nearest saddler or shoemaker,
who not unfrequently tanned and dressed the same ; and, in
settling with his customers, deducted, on the good old principle of
barter, the value from his annual bill for makings and mending..
That this system will be revived, particularly in the Highlands
seems exceedingly probable ; wherever there are woods, bark can be
procured, whether in small or large quantities ; where there are
kine, some of them must be killed for home consumption, while
others die from disease or accident ; and with these facilities at hand,
there are probably many shoemakers who will think a tan-pit as in.
dispensable as a stool or a last. In large towns, those who trade on
the largest scale will be able to manufacture the cheapest article;
but the privilege of cutting and retailing leather, which the tanner
is excluded from by law at present, will lead to a degree of com-
petition that will ultimately benefit both consumer and producer.
To get rid of the exciseman is a great object with all and sundry;
at present he hampers both the manufacturer and the retailer ; no.
thing sin be done unless he is at the head of it; even in the ease of
trifling operations he requires twenty-four hours' previous notice;
and in winter, when the weather varies continually, the tanner fie.
suently loses an excellent lid for drying, by reason of this teasing
and vexatious formality. Indeed, we have heard of a case in which
an officer fell into an empty tan-pit, and who when he bawled to
the workmen to pull him out, was told jockingly in the first in.
stance, that he had forgotten to give them twenty-four hours' pre-
vious notice ! Altogether, the total repeal of the leather duty will do a
deal ofgood. An article which passes through various hands before
it reaches the consumer, is, and must be enhanced in price; and
we could quote the name if we chose, of a gentleman intimately
connected with the trade, who has repeatedly given it as his fixed
opinion, that a pair of shoes which at present coat nine or ten
shilling, will, ere long, be purchased for two-thirds of the price. It
is true the former reduction of the leather tax never reached the pub.
he, but was on the contrary entirely absorbed by the dealers; but
that in the opinion of many arose mainly from the continuance of
those restrictions which checked and hampered freedom of trade,
and along with that the spirit of competition.—Dusspies Courier.
Ilu x o u.Y.—A paragraph is making the round of the
newspapers, which states in substance that out of seven
!Anions of sheep retired in Hungary, three millions be-'
long to Prince ESTERH A Z . This is enormous, and as '
we have no reason to question the accuracy of the informs-
tica, the Nobleman alluded to must be the greatest store-
fanner in the world. So great a breadth of " woolly people"
was never owned by one man before, not even in the days of
the patriarchs, when one went east and another west, and,
as Milton beautifully remarks of our first parents—" the
world was all before them, where to choose their place
cf rest.'' But what can induce Eaterhazy, to keep so
much land in his own hands ? Cattle and swine, corn,
wine, hemp, flax, silk, tobacco, honey, &c., &c., are
reared in Hungary as well as sheep, and judging from
the above data, ho must be a Prince in every sense of
the word, and is richer than the Duc D'Orleans, whose
property, though it lies chiefly in Paris, is said to yield
a revenue of upwards of half a million sterling yearly.
In Scotland the sheep are as near as may be in the
mile of the people; that is, about two and a half
millions: and what would we think if the sum total
of these, with the thousand and one hills on which
they browse, were the property of a single individual ?
The sheep in Hungary, in 1821, were estimated at
eight millions ; the cows and bullocks at nearly two
millions and a half ; while the pigs were so multitudi-
nous, that the people lived on them almost exclusively, and
exported after all about 250,000 head annually. At thel
same date the population was estimated at 8 millions, and
the reader will not fail to remark the coincidence, that in
Hungary, as in Scotland, there is as near as may be a
sheep for every human being. W iae is produced in
great perfection and abundance. The annual supply,
according to Blumenbach, is 4,500,000 hogsheads,
the value 10,000,0001. sterling. Even the feathered
tribes furnish no inconsiderable part of the wealth of
the country. The greater part of the goose feathers, in
Mdcli the Jews of Prague trade, come from Hungary,and
the c; pital of the Austrian dominions is supplied from
them t. with that commodity. Grellman states that the extent
of land is thirty-nine million odd jochs, which are nearly
equal to an English acre. Of this little more than the
half is cultivated; the remainder is composed of sandy
desert,, lak, , morasses, and barren mountains. The pro-
ductive lands are thus divided :-4,897,218 arable,
638,767 gardens, 2,129,225 meadows, 5,586,000 pas-
tures, 850,000 ponds, and 8,940,740 woods. The sheep
are most numerous, and are found in prodigious flocks
" that never owned a fold," on the plains between the
Danube and the Thesis, and on the elevated grounds in
'bat district. The wool is coarse, and the owners esti-
late the cheese, milk, and flesh, more than the fleeces.
in
n Western Hungary, on the contrary, the flocks have
been ninth improved by crosses with the Merino breeds,
and with the sheep of Padua, yield fine wool, which, to
the value of 500,000/, sterling, is annually exported to
all parts of tho world.