Star.
London, England, 1831-06-27 00:00:00

PROCIAMATION.

The Provisional Regency, it the name of the Emperor Don
Pedro J. to the Brazilians.

Countrymen !—The last and most dangerous periol of
our revolution, which was as necessary as glorious, is com.
pleted. Our enemies are so few and so weak that they do
not merit consideration : notwithstanding, the Government
watches over them as if they were numerous and strong.
Your noble conduct, however, and your moderation after
victory, may serve as a model w all nations of the world. Do
not tarnish this glory with the least stain: anti continue to I
give to each other reciprocal councils ofwisdom and
' generosity. • • • • •
Brazil, now free, will shew that she is very different from
what she has hitherto appeared to be. The law begins to
govern among us; respect its power and the authorities who
exercise it; leaving to the authorities the power of yroviding
a legal remedy. We are free, let us be jut.. Long live
the Brazilian Nation ! Long live the Constitution ! And
long live the Constitutional Emperor, Don PSDRO 11. !
Palace of Government, April 13, 1831.
• Marquis de CARAVELLOS.
NICOLAO PRIEM° de CAMPOS VESOIIIIIO.
Faawcisco de Lusa e SILVA.
Visconde de 00/11mEA.
DECREE.

The Provisional Regency, in the name of the Emperor,
decrees,

1. That all Brazilian citizens, s Ito for political crimes are
condcmncd or even impeached, be pardoned.
2. All soldiers guilty of desertion are pardoned; or those
wbo are prisoner* and returning immediately to their re.
speetive corps; and those who are not prisoners, within three
months.—Dated 9th April. (Brasil Papers to April 21.)

The following letter has been received from the
Agent to the Is;Grth and South American Coffee
House, dated •

BUENOS AYRES, Aram 5.

No decisive action has yet taken place between the (areal
and Unitarian armies in the provinces of the Interior. The
skirmishes have been in favour of the federal', their cavalry
being in better order than that of their opponents, but the
latter possess about 1,500 good infantry, besides artil-
lery, and, whilst they keep together, Governor Lopez,
General in Chief of the federal force, will not risk a
pitched battle, he being deficient in infantry. This
civil war it therefore likely to be prolonged and desultory.
The Protector. General Pag, Commander of the Unitariaa
army, is an able tactician, and has studied the art of war ;
his antagonist (Lopes) is equally able ; but It is in the mode
of warfare practised in this' mullet', which, after all, is pro.
bably the best sort of military knowledge here. The ad.
wirers of Lopes, however, give him great audit Gtr military
talents; he has certainly always been successful and played a
sure game. ' A division of the federal army under General
Quiroga captured the town Of Rio Cuarto, In the Province of

LOA DOA.
MONDAY, JUNE 27.

This day the customary despatches by the French
mail were received at the Foreign Office, in Down-
ing-street, from Paris, Belgium, and the Hague.
This day, also, despatches were received at the
Colonial Office, from Bermuda, dated the 28th of
May ; and from Halifax, in Nova Scotia, dated
the Bth inst.

I Just as we were going to press, we received
our usual packet by the Paris Estafette of this
day. All was tranquil in that capital yesterday;
" although," says our Correspondent, " reports
of approaching war without, appear to take some
stability. You may rely upon it that the last week
of July is looked forward to by Government
with a fearful anxiety, and. ere then something
will be done to conciliate the people, which some-
thing will fall short of its object, if it be not war."
—lf we perceive- any thing important on
a perusal of the papers, we will give it in a second
edition. They, one and all, state, that Prince
LaoPOLD has accepted the Belgian Crown.
An ordinance in the Moititestr, convokes the
Chambers of Peers and Deputies for the 23d July,
instead of the 9th August.
A paragraph in the National—that well-inform
Journal— states that a serious difference of opi-

nion exists in the Fiend, Cabinet, on the subject
of peace or war; in which Marshal SOULT had
developed his views in favour of the latter ; but he
had been strenuously opposed by CASIMIR PE-
RIF.R. Le Temps states positively that a fresh
victory has been gained by the Poles ; but it gives
no detaile.

At length the Belgic Deputies, after multiplied
interviews with Prince LEOPOLD, and the Minis-
ters of the Powers, have returned ; but the nature
of the answer has not yet transpired in London,
and we must probably await it, from the open pro-
ceedings of the Belgic Congress. There seems
reason to believe, that whatever be the issue as to
the form of Government, France and England will
not sanction the interference of the Holy Alliance.
We recommend to our readers' attention the letter
on the Belgian revolution, in our last page.

The last advices from Poland indicate that as
soon as the death of DIFBITSCII was allowed
to transpire, the Poles prepared to advance from
Praga, so as to take advantage of the confusion
and dismay of the Russians ; and as two or three
days' march would bring the hostile forces into
contact at Pultusk, &c. we may expect, to-
morrow or next day, to learn something of the
results.

In the meantime, what is very important, the
Russian General, engaged in the blockade of
Zamosc, appears to have been routed ; and this,
it is evident, will be fatal to that ascendancy
in the South, which they havo maintained ever
since DWEILNICICI'S corps was caught in the
treacherous toils of Austria.

We are told that the Irish, like the Welsh In-
quests, have found a verdict of justifiable homi-
cide. If it be so, it would be affectation not to
say that, for the honour of our laws, we lament
the circumstance. The Juries may have been
technically right ; but in all cases wherein local
authorities are inculpated, very jealous means
should be adopted, to guard agaiiwt undue influ-
ences. At the same time, that which, owing to
want of anticipation, or defect of precision, in the
letter of the law, may be legally correet, may never-
theless outrage the moral sense, and be utterly ut va-
riance with sound policy. The horrid fact is certain,
that ow i ng to some p.:ssions or some mistakes, T u x E E
unparalleled slaughters have been perpetrated in
rapid succession ; and if the cause was what is
called unhappy fatality, for which no one is legally
responsible, this at least ought to be done—the
affairs, the practice, and the state of the law
ought immediately to be formally investigated, and
effectual means.adopted and enforced, to prevent
the recurrence of such tragedies in future. As
none are likely to oppose such a tribute to public
feelings, and in truth to the character of the laws,
constitution and state of society, we may calculate
that Parliament will not neglect its duty.

Those who insult us by their affected slams
about an increase of population, such as no past
history of the world ever developed, and who talk
of surplus population because they desire to flou-
rish while they deny to others the natural
means of subsistence, may derive comfort from
wholesale slaughters on ono band of discontented
assemblages, and on the other of the convenient ap
proach of cholera morbus. These are means of di-
minishing their fears ; and, in regard to cholera
morbus, none would regret its visitations, if with
even handed justice it swept away only those 11
who disobey the adage, " Live and let live ; "
but in human distinctions and passions, these na-
tural calamities make no discrimination, and the'
victim and the oppressor have an equal chance.
The disease appears to creep along the south
side of the Baltic, and at the same time to spread
westward, through Gallicia, so as to threaten Hun-
gary and Bohemia. If it has reached Hamburgh,
there are fears that it will extend to Holland, and
GoD knows where. Its cause baffles the impotency
of science, and mocks the theories of chemists,
and all system-mongers. It is said not to be
contagious and infectious ; and yet it appears
in single districts. It travels too by a solemn and
frightful march, and tacks and veers with an ap-
parent caprice that baffles comprehension, Then
this feature i.: to be observed, that wherever
it prevails it does not affect all, but only
some, and to these appears to be non-conta-
gious. Dr. Jouvisox infers, that as it travelled
in India, in direct opposition to the monsoons,
it is no affection of the atmosphere ; therefore.
says be, it must prpceed from the earth. We have
heard of no exiierim-e4ts with the Eudiometer, and
if mere vapours, wind ought to carry it away.
Besides, neither extreme cold, nor heat, seem to
abate its malignity, and its caprice, its return, its
zigzag course, and even its progression over the
world, do not favour Dr. JOHNSON'S hypothesis.
It appears by many accounts, to assail spirit-
drinkers—and yet the natives of India, wbo eat
neither animal food, nor drink spirituous liquors,
fall, in much greater numbers, victims to it, than
the luxurious Europeans. Indeed, feeble life ap-
pears more subject to its attack than vigorous. In
the island of Java, it made dreadful havoc
among the natives; but the Europeans were, with
few exceptions, exempt. In that island we
speak from excellent information— it was not con-
.adored contagious, bat ran its course in the same
selecting, sig-sag, capricious line of march, as it
hes done on the Continent of India. It is evi-
dent then that our insular situation will not pro-

tect us alone. May it non' eeaciency .)f
oxygen in the atmosphere ?

We ,find that the blood loses its red character.
which it derives from oxygen ; and that great cold
is felt, while heat is constitutionally derived hum
fixing oxygen. But then it does not affect all; and
yet may not this arise from diet or abstinence from
spirits ? The total change of the blood may
account for the absence of all bile—another been.
liarity. Unhappily, reporters mingle their account.'
with theories, and these are universally false and
dogmatical, founded on antique notions, and
not springing from original penetration, with the
mechanical workings of nature, and the real con.
struction of its atomic machinery. Committees,
too, are all of one theoretical school ; and hence wu
are like a mob of ignorant men, seeking a place b 7
a wrong road.

We have read much that is published, and con.
fess we are none the wiser—the theories do not
meet all the known facts ; and yet it seems hard
that with all our vaunted science, we may become
the helpless victims, just as though we lived in th
twelfth century, or in the wilds of America ci
Africa.

The major fact is this; in the same place
affects some, and not all. The question then is,
what are the circumstances of dderence : it car-
ries off infants, and them fore is not wholly an
affection of mind ; it affects those in a diseased
family more than others, and therefore is not
wholly non contagious; it destroys both sexes,
old and young, and therefore has !no antidote in
sex, or age, or youth. That which promotes it,
or prevents it, ought then to be an object of simi-
lar scrutiny, to the patient labours of those who
dietingui3hed between conductors and non-con•
ductors of electricity ; or who discriminated be-
tween gases which compose the atmosphere, and
which are at once the sources of vitality or
destruction.

We are informed that the transports, about
which 60 much speculation has been afloat for s-
veral days, are merely destined to convey troops to
the Canadas, and bring home invalidi.
The first division of the 7th (the Qu...ten's Own t
Regiment of Light Dragoons (Hussars) arrived on
Saturday last at Liverpool, from Dublin, and
received orders to march to Coventry.
The depot of the 93d (Highland) Regiment
Foot has received orders to embark foithwith at
Swane.a for Glasgow.

ROYAL FXCHANOE, ONE O'CLOCK.

Consols, uhich left off on Saturday at 82
for the Account, opened at 82 A, and immediately
went up to 83 ; at present they are 83 A to 1.

We understand that the arrival of Don Pedro
is sanctioned by our Government ; and it is non
expected that the affairs of PortJgal will soon
be brought to a conclusion.

We stated last week, that the Belgian Deputl'i
were about to take their departure, with till
ultimatum of the five powers, as well as the terms
on which Prince Leopold would take the Throne of
Belgium. This is confirmed this morning, and we
are further informed, that P.ince Leopold has
proved himself in tills business a most able nego-
ciator. It is now generally understood, that the
moment the ratification of the terms on which hr
accepts the Throne of Belgium arrives, he will take
his departure, and which may soon be expected.

TWO O'CL OCK.

The Funds were looking up in the early part of
the morning, when they were at 83i, since which
Consols have receded to 82i f for the Account.
At present they are 82f 83.
In the Foreign market Brazil Stock has im-
proved to 54. In other Foreign securities little
doing.

The Duchess of Kent, the Princess Victoria,
and their Royal Highnesses' Household, attended Divine
Service yesterday, at Kensington Palace. The Dean of
Chester of6ciated.

The Duchess of Cambridge, accompanied by
Prince George and Princess Augusts of Cambridge.
attended by Baroness Achlefeldt, Miss Cheyennes, and Sir
James Hermit, honoured the King's Theatre with their
presence on Saturday evening.
The Landgravine of Hesse Homburg and the
Princess Augusta honoured the entertainment given by Lord
and Lady Farnborough, at their scat at Bromley Hill, with
their presence on Saturday.
The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester attended
Divine Service yesterday morning in the Chapel Royal.
ISt. James's. -

--
The Duke and Prince George of Cumberland
left town on Saturday for their residence at Kew.
Friday last being St. John's Day, several
Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, opened an
Hospital in the ancient building which formerly belonged to
their Order, in St. John's.square, Cletkenwell, for the pur-
pose of affording advice and medicine (gratis) to the
sick poor of every denomination. A sermon, in fur-
therance of these objects, was preached by the Rev. George
Mutter, A.ll. at the Church, Broadway, Westminster,
which the Members of the Order attended, and in the even.
ing dined together in the Ancient Hall, over St. John's Gate.
DEATH OF LORD ROBERT SPENCER.—This
venerable and respected Nobleman expired on Thunday
evening, at his house in Arlington-street, Piccadilly, at the
advanced age of 84. His Lordship was the youngest son
of Charles, snood Duke of Marlborough; brother to the late
and uncle to the present Noble Duke of that title. His
Lordship was a Privy Councillor, but, we believe, a DOD.
official member of that honourable body, never, it is under.
stood, having accepted office. Lord Charlesmarrled in 1811,
when he had attained the age of 64. the Hon. Mrs. Edward
Bouverie, relict of the Honourable Edw. Bouverie, and
daughter of Sir Everard Fawkener. By this lady, who
died in November, 1825, his Lordship had no issue.
The Bengal Chronicle gives the following pre-
scription for the cure of cholera :—One ounce cin-
namon water, one grain ipecacuanha, 35 drops
tincture of opium, one drachm spirits of lavender,
and two drachms tincture of rhubarb. To be taken
at once, and the complaint will be instantly re-
lieved.
Lottery with-drawn.—At the town of Calmar,
in Sweden, the lottery, we learn, has been abo-
lished, not by legislative interference, but through
absolute want of candidates for the favours of the
fickle goddess. -This is such a spoke in the wheel
of Fortune as not even our own Bish himself, her
quondam'highly- prined Chance-seller, would be
able to remove. It is certain that the people of
the place in question must be calmer in tempera-
ment than any ill this part of the world !

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