Star.
London, England, 1823-10-22 00:00:00

SPAIN.

FROM EL ESPECTADOR OF OCTOBER 1.
[The first article, under the head of Cadiz, is the
Proclamation of King Ferdinand, dated Cadiz, Sept. 30,
and published in the STAR of Saturday lastl.
Senores Alava y Torres returned last night from Pu-
erto de Santa Maria.
The enemy's squadron, consisting of 20 large vessels,
continues in observation.

At three o'clock in the evening, a Spanish flag of truce
sailed for Poet to de Santa Maria.

-The whole of yesterday has been passed in anxiety
and uncertainty. " What will the Constitutional Go-
vernment do ?" 4, What will his Majesty say ?" Such
are the questions which have been askei by every one.
At length a Manifesto by his Majesty, published last ,
night, has soothed the public mind, and calmed the ex-
isting disquietude, in as far as it could be calmed in the
situation in which we are placed. The General of the
French army having long since made it be understood
by his Majesty's Government, that means might be
found for bringing about a decorous accommodation
which-might terminate the evils that afflict the country,
the Ministers endeavoured to ascertain the intentions of
those who are charged with the task of compelling Spain
by force of arms to make reforms in, her fundamental
law. The events of Seville afforded either a motive or
a pretest for the Count of Carthagena to renounce his
obedience to the Constitutional Government.

Not many days had elapsed before this event was fol-
lowed by the capitulation of General Ballasteros with
one of the enemy's Generals, Count Molitor. This new
blow to the Constitutionalists threw us into a state of
the greatest affliction. All the resources of the Govern-
ment were now reduced to the small army of the va-
liant Mina, to whom, whatever may be our future lot,
history will assign the first place among the men wor-
thy to be called Spaniards, who have perfOrmedtheir
part during this great crisis; a weak division intended
to form a basis for organizing an army in Estremadura,
the command of which had just been,entrusted to Ge-
neral Palencia; and *to the possession of some strong
places still in the power' of the Constitutionalists, be-
cause their defence had been entrusted to Spaniards
who valued the honour of their country and the cause
of national independence, whatever opinions they might
have formed as to the perfection or imperfection of our
political institutions. •
The third army, which, weak in numb•erl as it was,
had been created out of nothing Int the gallant and
truly honourable General, Don Jose Zayas, to whom
the 'men of all parties, and even his enemies, will one
day do justice, was intrusted to Camp Marshal Don
Ritfel del'lliegO; but that Comniander, within a, few
days after he joined the army, found his force so re-
duced, that he could undertake no operation of, conse-
qutnce against the enemy. The siege of the Gaditanian
Island Was in the meantime prosecuted in the most ac-
tive manner by land and ,sea, while the Government
had no hope of sucaut. England-to whom.the Con.
stitutionul Government of Spain had appealed, present-
ing bases which spewed how much we had loweteJ our
former pretensions, in our anxiety for that interference
to which England had indicated a disposition from the
commencement of the war—intimated through the me•
dium of her Ambassador, who had been in Gibraltar
since the entrance of the French into Seville, that she
would only interfere in the ease of the Cabinet of the
Tuileries assenting to it ; but that she would not compro-
mise herself. in any way which might displease France.
The French Government had haughtily contemned
every interference, and more particularly Mat of Great
Britain. Would to Heaven, that the Cabinet of St.
James's may one day deplore the effects of its anti-libe-
ral policy; and still more, may it please GOD, that the
Spaniards may for ever do without the Government of
the Britons, and that they may be eternally the allies of
its enemies!
The French, in consequence. of their immense forte
in comparison with ours, which amounts to scarcely
one-half of what is necessary for •the garrison'of the
Gatlitanian Island, have obtained advantages. They
attacked the Trocaclero on the 30th of August, and not-
withstanding it was defended by the brave Graces and 2
gallant garrison, which kept its ground in the second
line for four hours and a half, they succeeded in pos-
sessing themselves of that point, because our sAldiers,
overcome by their fatigue, had nothing but their valour
to oppose to the fresh troops of the enemy.
Three weeks after, the castle of the Trocadero was
cannonaded by land and sea, and, without its being
klanwn what may have caused its surrender, it was,
after an attack of three hours, entered by the enemy.
Not many. more days bad,pas!ed over, when symptoms
of sedition appeared in several 'companies of the regi-
ment of San Marcie; one of the corps which had shewn
the greatest resolution in defence of the Constitutional
system. This circumstance gave great uneasiness to the
General-in-Chief and the Government.

A was soon put to the evil by the punishment of
the most guilty ; but this event powerfully augmented •
the anxieties of the Government, and its situation be-
came daily more equivocal, and was rendered extremely
critical.by the want of resources, occasioned by the pro-
test of the bills drawn on funds in London, in the hands
of Senor Machado, who had declared them to be at the
disposal of his Majeity's Government.
The town of Cadiz sustained a severe bombardment
on the 23d of September, and although that attack prd-
duced no other result than the ruin of some, and in no -
respect dismayed the garrison or the inhabitants, the
Government conceived- that the case was arrived, in
which it would be improper longer to expose to the evils
of war, without any utility for the cause 'of independ-
ence add national liberty, the meritoriods population of
Cadiz, who have so many claims on the gratitude of
Spaniards, andveven on the respect of their enemies.
This combination of misfortunes induced the Govern-
ment to propose the departure of the King, and in exe-
cutiona this purpose, his Majesty's resolution was com-
municated to the Duke of Angouleuie ; but *as that Ge-
neral insisted on other conditions, •ibich appeared to
be founded on arrogance, the Liberals concurred- in.
the general determination of expecting from
.the. King
concessions which they would not submittq receive from
a foreign force. Be the result whit it may, we have
been consistent in our principles, and we :hall shew
( • !.