Star.
London, England, 1830-06-16 00:00:00

LONDON.

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16.

"WINDSOR CASTLE, JUNE IC, 1830.

The KING has passed another good night; and his
M AJESTY continues to find his respiration less impeded.

(Signed)

6, HENRY HALFORD.

“ MATTHEW J. TIERNEY.”

Despatches were this day received at the Colonial-
office, from Lieutenant-General Sir JAMES KEMPT, Go-
vernor of Upper Canada, dated the 3d of May ; and from
Major-General Sir J. COLBORNE, Lieutenant-Governor
44 Upper Canada, dated the 18th of May.

Private letters by the express from Paris, just re-
ceived, state that contrary winds had prevented the
landing of the French expedition to Algiers. We sub-
join the proclamation of the Kirra, relative to the
elections.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.
Frans Me Moniteur of Monday.
PROCLAMATION OF TILE KING.

" CHARLES, by the Grace of GOD, King of France
and Navarre.

" The late Chamber of the Deputies were informed of
my intentions, and I had a right to depend on their
succour to accomplish that good I intended ; but they
refused me. As father of my people, and King, I was dis-
pleased, and pronounced the dissolution of the Chamber.
" Frenchmen ! your prosperity and happiness are my
glory. The elections are going to commence at all parts
of my kingdom. Listen to the voice of your King, and
maintain the Constitutional Charter, and the institutions
on which it is founded, which I will preserve with my
best efforts ; but to attain this object I must freely exer-
cise, and cause to be respected, the sacred rights which
belong to my crown, and which are the guarantee of pub-
lic peace and your liberties. As the nature of the Go-
vernment will be altered, if the culpable attempts to evade
my prerogative should succeed, I shall break my oath if
1 submit to it. Under this Government, France
has become flourishing and free, and owes to it
her credit and industry. France does not envy
other States, and only aspires to the preservation
of the advantages which she enjoys. Remain assured of
your rights, which I unite with my own, and will pro-
tect them with equal solicitude. Do not let yourselves
be deceived by seditious persons, enemies to your repose;
and do not listen to false fears, which may excite serious
diborders.

" Electors'--Hasten to join your colleges ; let the
same sentiments animate you, and rally under the same
standard.

" 'Tis your KING that demands it. 'Tis the call of
your father, and fulfil your duties, and I shall fulfil
mine.

Given at the Ttiilleries.

" CHARLES."

A Brazil mail has arrived this morning, by the Swallow
packet ; but the advices from Rio Janeiro are not of so
recent a date as those brought on Monday by his MA-
JESTY'S ship Forte—the packet having sailed from Rio
on the 21st of April.

Private letters from Murcia to the 24th ultimo are
received this day, by which it would appear that an
English squadron had appeared off Carthagena, and had
sent a frigate and a sloop to reconnoitre. The Chief of '
Marine had received orders from Madrid to have in
readiness anchors and cables, as well as all other necessary

stores, that might he needed by the Algerine expedition.
The demand for grain in the province of Murcia, which,
on the fitting out of the expedition bad been considerable,
has ceased.

Papers from Prince Edward's Island have been re-
ceived to the 10th ult. The Session of Legislature had
closed, when his Excellency, the Lieutenant-Governor,
gave his assent to twenty-two Bills. Among these wore
Bill, for establishing schools, for erecting a Government
House and other public buildings, and for increasing the
revenue, by levying a duty on mulasses and sugar. In
the Speech with which Governor READY closed the Ses-
sion, he says—" I have received, with great satisfaction,
the continued proofs which you have given me of your
attention to public business; and of your zealous con-
cern for the welfare and prosperity of the country. The
harmony which has pervaded both branches of the Legis-
lature, and characterised this Session, demands also my

warmest applause and approbation."—The Register
gives a copy of the joint address of the Council and As-
sembly, upon the subject of opening the ports of the
West Indies to the Americans. It is couched in very
strong language.

We have a file of Malta Gazettes this morning. Ac •
cording to a census, taken by order of the Viceroy of,
Sicily, that island contained in 1829, a population of
1,780,000 inhabitants, exclusive of 300,000 Ecclesias-
tics. There were in the island 1,117 Convents, con-
taining about 30,000 Monks, and 30,000 Nuns. The
nobility of Sicily consists of 61 Dukes, 217 Princes, 217
Marquesses, 2,000 Barons, and 2,000 Gentlemen.—
Palermo, the capital, contains 150,000 inhabitants, and
388 churches. The export of Sicilian produce yearly,
is about five millions and a half of ducats ; and the im-
ports to about six millions and three-quarters.

No instance can more strongly display the sure, and
even rapid, progress which truth is making on almost
every subject, connected with the interests of man in this
country, than the progress of opinion on the subject of
emigration. Within the memory of every person who
indulges himself in speculating on the means of advanc-
ing social happiness, the generally received opinion was,
that the population of a country was almost synonymous
with its wealth ; and that the exertions of legislators
should be always directed towards the object of in-
creasing the population of the country. In consequence
of this opinion a kind of fortification of legisla-
tive enactments was, in the course of time, es-
tablished round the land—preventative, as far as was
possible, of certain classes of individuals emigrating to
another country. But the obstructions of statutes were
found in this, as in every similar point, miserably feeble,
when in opposition to the interests of the governed.
There might, in the aggregating period of a new settle-
ment, be some apparent sense in an attempt to encourage
popular aggregation, and to prevent retrogradation as to'
that object; but even under such circumstances, legisla-
tive interference, unless directed to the general subject of
promoting, in every way, the happiness of the society go-
verned, becomes a mere futile waste of time—and such
legislation, which might be considered merely futile in
a growing state, in one full grown, becomes soon actually
injurious. We shall now view what has been the course
of events on this subject.
The success of the American Revolution, and fair field
for adventure which that Continent offered—attracted
early the attention of a few of that class, who first think
of emigration—those who from some personal fault or
adoption of peculiar opinions become discontented at home.
The French Revolution soon increased the numbers, and
emigration became in some degree a popular theme—but
one by no means countenanced by the Government of the
country. A state of things occurred in a distant district
of the country, about the earliest year of the century,
which brought the question a little more under discussion.
The landed proprietors of the Highlands of Scotland
had, about this time, found it their interest to throw
their estates into the form of large sheep farms, and so
occupy them on their own account, or let them to spe-
culators in that department of agriculture. The former
black cattle employment of the land had been consistent
with its more minute subdivision, and entertained a
much larger mass of population. The consequence was,
throwing thousands into a state of absolute destitution.
The landlords, in short, found it their interest to have
sheep instead of men—and the natural consequence was,
the men began to desiderate, where they could find a
country that men were more in consideration than sheep.

The Earl of SELKIRK, it will be recollected, availed
himself of the opportunity ; and, under his sanction, a
large emigration to a particular district of America took
place—to such an extent as to alarm the very landhold-
ers themselves, that nothing but sheep would soon be
found upon thoir estates. Some of those whose charac-
teristic nationality, and warmth of heart towards the real
interests of Scotland, saw with regret her valuable at
people embarking with tears of true patriotism, for a
distant shore, became alarmed at what was going on ;
and joining with the alarmed but selfish land-holder,
raised a popular clamour against the undertaking of those
who were encouraging the emigration, Thus it was that
the Earl of SELKIRK, about the year 1805, published
his work on the subject, and in our opinion, a most tri-

umphant piece of reasoning it was ; and so it was consi•

dered, we believe, at the time, by the writers of the
Edinburgh Review, and other able political economists.
In so far, the advocates of emigration, under certain

events, had the advantage of an experiment on, com-
paratively to what was afterwards to happen, a small
scale. But the same state of affairs which was then

partial to a particular district, became in a manner soon
general to the country ; and the'reasoning upon the minor
case became applicable to the major.
The peculiar state of Great Britain, preinduced by the
long war, and the more proximate effect of a long peace,
has thrown the working population of this country ge-
nerally, into a situation which we consider almost
analogous to the population of the Highlands at the
period of their emigration ; and a society has been estab-
lished in this country, to act the part, on public princi-
ples, which the Earl of SELKIRK took, perhaps, from
private motives, of relieving the existing poverty and dis-
tress by assisting emigration. Mr. Wit. mot. HORTON
has been unceasing in his exertions to elucidate this
subject, and we think he has been successful.
In giving our opinion in favour of encouraging emigra-
tion in the present state of this country, we wish to be
clearly understood. We decidedly think, that by the
corrections of false Legislation, on several subjects inter-
fering with the free exertion of the human energies, par-
ticularly what are called the Corn Laws, and other laws
protective of partial exclusive interests, emigration might
be legitimately prevented ;—but we maintain a right in
man unalienable, to decide upon his own location accord-
ing to his own choice. As things are, we think it be-
comes the interest of many to change that location; and

we believe that it has likewise become the interest of
those, whose choice it is to remain, to facilitate the gra-
tification of such of their unhappy neighbours who may
make a different choice.

Our attention has been incidentally directed to this
subject, by noticing an advertisement in the Morning
Papers, for a meeting of the National Colonization So-
ciety. It is a subject on which we could wish to indulge
at greater length ; and on some future opportunity we
promise our Readers to resume it—as our room will not
allow us at present to do it that justice we think its im-
portance merits.

CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK.
The daily improvement of his Majesty's health has
the effect of keeping the market steady. Consols, which
left off yesterday at 92g for the account, opened at
the same price, since which they have been done at
9241; as yet little business is doing, as most of the
speculators are still waiting to bear the result of the
French expedition, which, according to the French offi-
cial dispatch, was still at Palma on the 2d June, waiting
for a favourable wind to continue their operations.
In the Foreign market, Greek, Brazil, and Portu-
guese stocks, have rather improved. We have no ar-
rivals as yet of consequence.
LIVERPOOL, JUNE 14.—The demand for British
plantation sugar this week has taken off about 1,000
hhds, consisting chiefly of grocery description ; the
prices have, however, declined Is. per cwt. There has
been a good demand for rum ; upwards of 400 puns.
Demerara and Jamaica have been sold at full prices. We
have also a good inquiry for coffee. Our cotton market,
in the early part of the week, remained dull ; but sub-
sequently the demand has improved, and the present
sales have fully realized our last quotations. There has
been very little doing in pine timber during the week,
the bounty demand having been very limited ; two or
three cargoes lately arrived, have been disposed of. No
sales to report of indigo.
CITY, HALF.PAST ONE.
Consols improved 92f.