Star.
London, England, 1823-12-27 00:00:00

which bears any resemblance to it. At the first epoch our popula-
tion did not exceed three editions. By the last census it amounted
to-about ten mifiions, and what is more extraordinary, it is almost
altogether native—for the emigration from other countries has beets
inconsiderable. At the first epoch,half the territory within our ac-.
,know!edged limits was uninhabited and a wilderness. Since then,
new territory has been acquired, of vast extent, comprising within
it many-rivers, particularly the Mississippi, the navigation of which
to the ocean, was of the highest importauce to the original Stales.
Over this territory our population has extended in every direction,
and new States have been established, almost equal in number to
those which formtel the first bond of our Union. Tills expansion of
our population, and accesiion of rfew States to our Union, have
had the happiest effect on all its highest interests. That it has emi-
nently augmented onr resources, and added to our strengt,la and re-
spectability as a Power, is admitted by all. But it is not in these ins-
portant circumstances only that this happy effect is felt. It is manifest
that, by enlarging the basis of our systedi, and increasing the num-
ber of States, the system itself has been greatly strengthened in
both its branches. Consolidation and disunion have tbefeby been
rendeied equally impracticable. Erich Government, confiding in its
own strength, has less to apprehend from the other; and, in conse-
quence,
each enjoying a greater freedinn of action, is rendered more
efficient for all the purposes for which it was instituted. It is un-
necessary to treat Acre of the vast improvement made in the sys-
tem:itself by the adoption or this constitution, and of its happy
effect in elevating the character, and in protecting the rights of tog
nation, as well as of individuals. To what then do we owe these
blessings? It is known to aU that we derive them front the ex-
cellence of our institutions. Ought we not then to adopt every
measure which may be necessary to perpetuate them?
(Signed) JAMES MONROE.
'Walkington, Dee. 2., 1823.

THE EVENING STAR.

J4ONDON.

•

SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27. 1222.
Ss. Jon"—Holkiti

We publish to-day the remainder of the Message
from the President of the UNITED STATES to Congress,
which met at Washington on the Ist inst. There -are
piinciples laid down and avowals made in this Address
which give it a degree of interest and importance, on
this side of the Atlantic, that does not usually belong
to the Speeches of the American Chief Magistrates.--=
The language is, as usual, affectedly moderate; the real
intent lofty and assuming.
Mr. President Movitoz, alluding in the first place to
the dispute which has recently arisen between the United
States and Russia, in consequence of the extraordinary
pretensions put forth by the Emperor ALEXANDER, re-
specting the North-west Coast of the American Continent,
advances other pretensions, which are, in our humble
opinion, quite as extraordinary. He asserts it to be
" a principle in which the rights and interests of the
United States are involved, that the American Conti-
nents, by the free and independent condition which they
have assumed and maintained, are henceforth not to be
considered as subjects for future colonization by any
European Power." But if thus " free and
dent," why confine the exclusion of* right to colonize
to the European Powers alone? Why should not all
Powers, to whichever 'hemisphere they belong, be
equally excluded from making these " free and jade-
pendent" Continents " the subjects of future coloniza-
tion ?" What greater right, for example, can the Mil-
tecl States have to colonize any part of the American
Continent than either Britain, or Russia, or France, or
any other European Power?- The right to coloniza-
tion, if it is to be held as at. an end, must be at an end
as to all Powers alike. But do the American Govern.
ment mean to concede this much? We suspect not.
-I-Mr. President MONADS assumes that to universally
true of the American Continent which he knows to be
only partially so. That there ate parts of Miseries In
that 4, free and independent condition" which jtistlj
ex-
.:cludes every pretence to colonization, is not: Dore true
than that there areothers where civil society has scarcely
yet begun to exist, and which stand in need of nothing
more than an intelligent and industrious population.
For what other purpose, for example, than that of
colonization, has the attention of the United States been
so long affectionately turned towards the North-western
shores of the Pacific'? Du they know nothing of a ter-
ritory equal to the whole island of Britain in extent,
but which does not contain as many inhabitants
as Deptford and Woolwich? The plain Yankee of the
matter is, that the United States wish to monopolize
to themselves the privilege of colonising that and
every other pelt of the American Continent in a similar.
condition. That it is their interest to do so we can well
understand ; but to attempt to give a thew of right to a
mere arbitrary assumption, partakes little of the simpli-
city and integrity which are said to be elements of the.
Republican character.
The PRESIDENT, adverting next to the probability of,
an attempt on the part of Spain to recover her lost Co-
lonies,
and that certain of the other European Powers i
will assist her in the attempt, contends firmly for

is facto independence of those Colonies, and intimates,
in unequivocal terms, that if any such attempt is made
the United States will feel thdnelves " bound to inter-
fere." How,they are thus bound to interfere, the Pre-
sident endeavours to shew, by a laboured ant at
distinction between the causeof independence, as regards
the United states, when the scene of its struggles is on
this or that side of the Atlantic.

Now, though we have no objection to make to the'
policy of their interfering in behalf c
f the South Am-
erican States ; though we hail the present declaration
with unfeigned satisfaction, as approximating nearly
to the indicated intentions of our own Government, and
as likely to have, in conjunction with these, a decisive
influence on the counsels of the Holy Alliance; yet we
do dislike very' much the endeavour which the Mutt.
DENT makes to place on the basis of a bounden duty,what
is, in plain truth, a matter of the sheerest self•interest.—
Nothing can be more chimerical thasfto suppose that the
independence of the United States can be possibly affected.
by any attack on the independence of the Republicans
of the Rio de la Pit ; and on the ground sherefore,
that their own safety is involved, they can have no apology
whatever for interfering. It is the interest, hdwerer; ot

the United/State:that South Ameria shoild maintain
its independence, because they ape likely in that case to
drive a greater trade with.it than they would otherwise
do;"and on that ground it is certainly most wise in them
to interfere, and oppose the designs of Old Spain and all
her Allies with all their might. The only fault which
we have to find with them, is their putting on a virtue
which does not usually belong tciNations in questions
of war and peace. •
ue_
We have received this morning the Paris Papers of
Thursday. The Moniteur contains the long-expected
Ordonnance for dissolving the Chamber of Deputies,
And convoking the Electoral Colleges to make a new
election. The Session of the Chamber. of 1821, is ap-
pointed to open on the 23d of March next.

PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE.
" PARIS, Deccusta 94.

" The new creation of Peers has taken the Public by
surprise. No person beyond the Cabinet was aware
that such a measure was in contemplation. Even so
late as yesterday, many of those whose names'figure
to-day in the
.Itioniteur were ignorant of the honour
intended them. The measure, however, is in itself poli-
tic, and cannot fail to strengthen the hands of Ministers.
It takes from the Chamber of Deputies some of those
who would most likely have voted with the Ultra or
fanatic Opposition, and it paves the way for introducing
into the Representative Body more devoted friends of
the Minister. Many of the new Peers are not unwotthy•
of their elevation to the Peertge in point of foituie,
And nearly all of them. ariverstitled,to it ti) -their rank
mnst,- family connectibm. With the ..rieep. don of M.
Leine they are all either. theliesids 9i..the Members of
noble families; bat iith• • the eteeptiOn .4 M. Leine,
. • :
branches of their family tree.. I..ne*asitAer pelt
from this limited celebrity, M. de D0nAcf:4.4411,,,_

Marcellus ; the former known only for a mystic; vet-
gio-political tract on ,* Primitive Legislation," and
some articles in the Royalist journals; and the latter
for some fanatic speeches' in the Chamber of Deputies,
and a kind of Gascon ode on garlic, in defence of that
Gascon vegetable ' against the maledictory verses of
Horace. Of this production, which appeared in the
Journal des Debats at the commencement of the present
year, it is sufficient to say, that it ascribes the courage
and other virtues of Hear) IV.. to the eating of garlic,
and therefore calls upon the Bourbons to entwine it with
the lilies."

We have received to-day a ale of the Allgemeine
iteititog to the 19th instant. The following estracts will
tid firund to confirm the statement contained in the pri-
vate letter from Vienna, which we quoted yesterday
from the French' Papers, respecting the change of tone
which has taken place in the Turkish Divan, regarding
Moldavia and Wallachia.