Star.
London, England, 1824-08-20 00:00:00

aga

30, STRAND, London;
And ionl in everp "'oven% the Kingdern.
LIQUID, it !Rade', dd. 10d. 1.3 d. sad Led. wadi.
Alpo PASTE BLACKING, in Pots, 6d. 12d. and Lod. eath.
A 'Shang Put oT Prste is enntl ro Four is. Dirties et Liquid.
fur WAkiiiiiN's Mocking.

The inhabitants of this city have the means of enjoy-
ing so many pleasure, that I should be surprised to find
them eager to wander in other countries. There are
persons from every nation here, but unless when corn..l
pelled by necessity, I believe but few of these inhabit-
ants wish to leave their native province.
Valencia winter months are said to resemble the days
of May in England ; its summer heats are tempered by
the breezes of the sea, from which Valencia is distant
about two English miles. The country around Valen-
cia resembles England. The great disadvantage from
which Valencia has to suffer, arises from the want of
that mental occupation which may be found in other
countries, but which is not tolerated here. I sought to
find a 44 Guide to Valencia" in this city, but there was
no work of the kind, except two quarto volumes printed
in 1795. So little is mental occupation attended to,
that I have not seen twenty persons reading since my
arrival, although there is not a native inhabitant who
has not his mouth continually occupied with the detest-I
able cigar. Smoking appears to be the chief pleasure
of life ; and the Spaniard, while engaged in inhaling
the effluvia of the execrable weed tobacco, looks solemn
and serious, as does the Turk while enjoying his opium.
It is a decided annoyance to every foreigner on arriving
here, to feel his olfactory nerves continually offended
by the noxious fume of the idler, or by the fetid breath
which that pernicious practice engenders.
This delightful climate is so agreeable, that except
when the beat of the sun forces them to withdraw, all
the,iphabitants appear happy in the open air, and in as
.light-s *sotto of dress as Decency will allow. The streets
are crowded with persons as early as four o'clock in the
morning, and after four o'clock in the evening. Dinner
is generally taken between noon and two o'clock, after
which is the siesta or afternoon nap. The dress of the
lower classes of theValenclans, resembles in some things
that of the. Highlanders of Scotland; each wears a pair
of light linen breeches, wide and loose, but which, un-
like that of the North Britons, resembles, from its being
sewed in front more the dress of 'a man, than of a wo-
man. A light jacket, and a pair of hempen sandals,
are, with a pair of stockings, which covers the legs
solely, leaving the upper parts of the feet bare, the con-
stituent parts of the peasant's wardrobe. There is, how-
ever, some. taste displayed-in the red silk sash, which
all wear around their middle, and which serves them
as well for a repository for their money, as for an orna-'
ment, resembling much that worn by some of the su-
baltern. Officers in the English Army. So little is their,
apprehension of being attacked by colds in consequence
of the air, that even the children run about in almost a
state of nudity. Li cold weather the men throw around
them a plaid cloak, which distinguishes them all
over Spain.
In the evening the general practice is to go to bathe
in the sea, for which purpose a number of vehicles re-
sembling the covered carts of London, are in waiting
at the gate called Puerta del Mar. Those vehicles,
which are called tartanas, contain each eight persons,
four on each side, each of whom pays a real (2id.) for
the jaunt of half an hour to the sea-port, which IS called
El Grao. By the regulations of the police, separate
and distant places are assigned for the two sexes, and
guards are stationed to prevent all irregularities. At
each of those places, cabins of reeds and straws are ar-
ranged, in which the bathers deposit their clothes. The
.men are obliged to wear a pair of drawers, which has
the effect of rendering them bad swimmers, for al-
though hundreds are to be seen in the water, there is
scarcely one who does more than paddle among the
waves. From this city to the port, the road is one of
the prettiest I ever saw, as it is shaded the whole length
by trees of a considerable height. It is an amusing
sight to see the tartanas moving along filled with per-
sons of various ages and conditions, from the grave
smoker of sixty years to the spruce dame of thirty, and
the lively girl of fifteen, all well jolted, for the tartanas
have not springs. They are, however, reconciled to
those vehicles, and I question whether they would feel
AS much enjoyment in the best London stage-coaches.
There is considerable industry in this city. Every
class of persons seems employed: of course, what +you
in England know by the name of comfort is not nn-
known here, in a form peculiar, however, to this coun-
try. There is no place in France which would be com-
parable to Valencia, if the education of those who have
wealth was properly taken care of; but education is
neglected, and, the victim of his animal passions, man,
acts more from the impulse of the moment than from
fixed principles.
There will to-morrow be presented here a spectacle,
of which, thank Heaven, but few are known in Eng-
land. A young lad of sixteen ream, the drummer of a
regiment, is to be shot, for baying given way to bis
fiery passion. and in st fit of rage stalotied his comps-
'trio% a &ref. Tise_latter, who was a youth also, died
iustantly. -44 Wbb" eked an Englishman of 4 Spanish

• .

ININIMII

PRDCLANIATION. .
" Don Pedro, Constitutional Itasappxor and Perpetual Defender of
the Empire of Brazil, to all the suhj•cts of the sail Empire.
" Brazilians !—The Lusitanian troops, with which the
Jacobinical. aad Mach'avtl an Cortes of Portugal pre-
tended to re-colonize this vast and rich country. having
been expelled from the Empire, and his Most Faithful
Majesty being in a state in which he can-flee)y act, and
we having, as yet, in no respect: exceeded the limits of
just defence, it was-to be expected that the Portuguese
Government, being well advised and informed; and in
no way misunderstanding the imperious reasons which
compelled Brazil to raise the standard of independence,
and also well an are of the universal and determined re-
solution of this brave people to defend their liberties to
the last drop of their blood, would, instead of project-
ing chimerical plans of re-union and subjection, which
are inadmissible and impracticable, rather seek to de-
rive reasonable benefits from that very independence,
than attempt to subdue us; and would, along with
the olive branch, offer us well calculated and mutual
commercial advantages, solid guarantees of peace and
of a perfect and durable fiieadship. Nothing of this
kind has, however, occurred. The justice of our cause,
already acknowledged by the tribunal of public opinion
throughout the world, has not yet penetrated the hearts
of some Portuguese Ministers, who are either wilfully
blind, or fascinated by ambition. The tribunal to which
they propose to appeal is the fate of arms t they wish
for war, without utility or object.
" It is long since we have heard reports of military
expeditiOns front Portugal against this empire; 'and
though the knowledge of our just tights, and the equity
and wisdom which we presumed were still to he found
in the Councils of his Most Faithful Majesty, gave to
those reports the character of improbability, I have al-
ways quietly, and without ostentation, taken care to
adopt such measures as were suited to the existieg si-
tuation of the empire, for the purpose of repelling anf
attack.which might be made on this capital, or on the
other provinces. Now, however, since Portugal has
thrown off the mask, and the last Lisbon Gaxerks
Mainly spealr of an expedition against Brazil being soon
to sail from the port of that capital, it becomes my duty,
as your Emperor and Perpetual Defender, thus publicly
to call vour attention to this important object.
-would they with us—those infatuated
ten, who urge his Most Faithful Majesty to take so
violent a course? Would they re-colonize us? What in-
sanity! Would they give the law to us, offering us,
with lighted matches and fixed bayonets, a nominal in-
dependence, founded on artfully organized bases?
Gross error; miserable policy. Would they tear me
from amongst you, and have me to leave you aban-
doned to all the horrors of anarchy ? That is what they
never shall accomplish.
" To arms, BraziIians!—INDEPENDENCE OR DEATH
is our motto. Your Emperor and Perpetual Defender,
-who, as you know, abhors and despises the ease and
pleasures of the throne, is about to take the field, to
unsheath the sword, and once more to swear that lie is
ready to die with it hi his hand amidst the brave Bra-
zilian legions. Assist him, hasten to him, ;ally round
him, and victory will be certain. He regrets that he
cannot multiply himself so as to be present at • every'
point which may be attacked, and to participate with
you in every danger and in every glory ; but lie has full
confidence in your valour and patriotism.
" Courage, Brazilians!—Prevent, as far as possible,
the enemy from setting foot on your teriitoi y. If that
cannot be claire, abandon to him your desert cities and
towns. Retire to the intetior, entrench yourselves there,
cut him off from all communication, and be assured
that, left to depend upon feeble, uncertain, tardy tern-
forcements from distant Portugal, he will be reduced to
a state of the greatest w retchedness, while our squa-
drons, recruited and strong, will fly to your succour at
the proper moment, and complete his disgraceful ex-
pulsion—a fate you have already seen him experience
at Bahia and Monte Video. Namerons cruisers are
about to traverse the seas, to give the last blow to the
expiring commerce of Portugal; and thus to teat'l
that deluded GovernMent to respect our right to lode.
pendence, the path to which has been opened to us by
the ambition and tyranny of our enemy.
" Do not be alarmed by the boasting accounts of
immense squadrons and multitudes of combatants said
to be coming against us: however great their force,
incomparably greater is the ground which they will
have to occupy —incompai ably greater ate the resources
which we can oppose to them, and the slightest reflec-
tion must serve to. reduce such exaggerations to their
true value. A line of operations commeacing in the
Tagus, and extending to any point on our coast, di-
rected against a people able and willing to defenJ them-
'selves, is an act of military lunacy, the unhappy rrstiit
of which to the unhappy :Attacking enemy may for a
time be retarded,, but is infallible. To maintain Euro-
pean squadrons and armies constantly on the footing of
war in our Trans• Atlantic legions,d liiascaliwt
; aybsubterconr,peont.
d
is, for the most poss et hal tattoos.
ftiu
,
tugal, is now impossible. Call to sourytoecueol wuliaeuclitibiyotaldelbtaciohw
many of such asseamits iia.v.e been unsucc
this
by the old world agatust the new, and
truth confirmed.
ami:stAtiarrss kerithwyoistonuetntoiaileipuirlisediatirotroowserefatialttetbEeestsulrievoproitntak.nate.rairiese.w27l
is a amen which is foreign oo 6eas, and the AbYbc,us

.

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41
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4.

bk. 1...
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justice of the independeak which we defend cannot fail
to give a right direction to they wise and enlight-
ened policy. • . ,
But vigilance, Brazilians ! valour, constancy, and,
abiore all, internal union amongst yourselves ! And the
Ger of armies, the fountain of all justice, will bless our
legitimate efforts for the preservation of that liberty and
independence which it is the will of PROVIDENCE that
all the nations of the earth should possess. Under its
powerful auspices you will see waving on your walls
the victori,us flag of independence, and our squadrons
will even penetrate into the mouth of the Tagus, to teach
justice and moderation to that infatuated Government.
(Signed) THE EMPEROR.
Rio de Janeiro, June 10, ig24—third
year of Independence."
" PROCLAMATION To ?Ha PEOPLE or PERNAMBUCO.
" Pernarnbucans I—The moment has arrived when the
veil of imposture in which you have hitherto been en-
veloped by demagogues, the enemies of the empire, and
of your teal happiness, will fall to the ground. To be-
tray your good taith, to inflame your imaginations, and
to entrap you blindly into political systems which the
lessons of experience prove to be absolutely incompati-
ble with your present situation: and to promote their
own interests in separating you from the general union.
of the provinces, so indispensable to the consolidation
and security of our independence, they have attempted
to persuade you, that a faction, sold to Portugal, con-
trollied the political operations of this empire, with the
view of subjecting it to the old dominion of the Portu-
guese, and the despotism of their Government. So pro-
found has been the impression produced by this atrocious
calumny, on the minds of credulous persons, zealous for
the preservation of their rising libel ties, that notwith-
standing the many decided pooh to the contrary, they
are not yet entirely undeceived. But the moment has
arrived when the illusion will completely vanish.
'6 The Portuguese Government, which is doubtless
ruled by a few ambitious or incomcetent Ministers,
having neglected the opportunity which our modera-
tion and prudence afforded for negotiating an advanta-
geous and permanent peace with this empire, and per-
haps still influenced by the old habit of despotically
contrruling the fate of this population, has conceived
that the speediest and most effectual mode of gaining
their object would be by force of arms; and according
to the latest Lisbon Gazettes, an expedition is preparing
to sail for this country. The empire has determined to

take up arms to repel this unjusi and useless aggres-
sion, and your Emperor, the Perpetual Defender, faith-
ful to the obligations he has contracted with you, is
abaut to head the brave troops of Brazil, and to prove
that the glorious title in which he so highly prides him-
selt is not a mere empty sound. Having perfectly iden-
tified himself with the Brazilian people, he is resolved
to share their fate, whatever it may be. His interest,
happiness, and glory do, and always will, correspond
uitli those of the Brazilian people ; and he will never
sheathe his sword until every portion of the empire
eq ,ally enjoys independence and freedom.
Pei nambucans I—What precious time has been lost.
What immense saciitices have been made to deliver'

you from the manccuvres of the revolutionary and anar-
chical demagogues who have desolated so many of these
Ate provinces. What would have become of the insolent
enemy who now threatens us, if our forces had been con-
stantly united?, If, instead of weakening by internal
tlivirioni so important a point of the empire, you had

rallied round the common cent:e of union, like the other I
prosiocesr wuuhi tic etlctuy hive dated LO attack us if
he had not calculated ( n deriving advantage from
your fatal disunion? Would he have dared to attack us if
from the Amazons to the Rio de la Plata w•e had pre-'
sentt d to him one solidly united rna.,s, one uniform re-

sistance, directed by a well-combined general plan ?
Certa.nly not.
" Thus, then, being ignorant of the point to which
the et emy's forces may be directed, and it being impe-
riously necessary to secure against invasion the capital
of the empire, as on it essentially depends the sal-
vation of all the provinces, it becomes indispensable
t concentrate at this port the whole of our maritime
f ace. But what pain does not my paternal heart feel
a: finding, that instead of sufficiently augmenting the
force on your station to assist you in defending your.
selves against the foreign enemy, I am obliged to with-
draw it. However, be not disheartened, Pernambu-
cans Put an end to the hatred and internal dissensions
which divide and distract you. Unite, with heart and
good-will, For the common defence, and you will find
in your soil and your valour infinite resources against
the foreign enemy, who cannot long maintain himself
in the►e remote regions. Never think of capitulation
with such unjust aggressors ; but rely upon it, that the
capital being defended, to whatever point the enemy
may direct his attack, thither will our land and sea
forces be sent to its succour. Pernambucans ! Have
courage, constancy, and above all things, internal union,
and the enemy will be overcome.

(Signed)

" THE EMPEROR."

From the Estrella Brasileira and the Diario
noise we extract the following paragraphs, which, with
the above proclamations, and some documents) elating
to local regulations, form nearly all the contents of
these papers :-
4' We perceive, with much satisfaction, from his Im-
perial Majesty's proclamation to the Pernambucans, that
orders have been given to Commodore Taylor to repair
to Rio de Janeiro, with all the force under his command.
He may soon be expected.
is The ships of war here are fitting out with great
activity. Some good souls have affected to be incon-
solable, because they suppose the Imperatriz frigate is
not fit for service, and requires expensive repairs. We
hasten to relieve them from their distress. The frigate
is in an excellent state, the repairs which are wanted are
trilling, Rd Within a month at the farthest, she will be
able to:qui tire Portuguese with 24-pound balls.
" The bon Pedro is ilearly ready for sea, with about
500 English seamen on board. When Commodore
Taylor arrives at this port, we shall hive a squadron
capable of, the boldest enterprises, and the fatal con-
sequences of whieh.to the Portuguese, they are probably
far from foreseeing.
" The Emperor has issued a decree, pardoning all
deserters on their rejoining their respective corps within
a limited time.'

The last letters from New South Wales state, that
Mr. CUNNINGHAM, Botanical Collector for Kew Gar-
dens, has discovered a valuable track of country abound-
ing in well watered plains, and fine timbered land, to
the north of Bathurst, and a pass through a ridge of
mountains,' which stretch east and west to Liverpool
Plains, discovered by Mr: OZLEY, in 1818. This lati-
tudinal dividing range is situated on the other side of
a stream named the Geulburn, and in many parts re-
sembles the Blue Mountains.

'l'

THE'EVENINC STAR;

LONDON.

FRIDAY, AUGUST 20, 1824.
THE FUNDS.

STOCK EXCHANGE. TWELVE O'CLOCK.
Consols opened this morning at 93i, 4, for the Account, with a
good deal doing.—Consols have just been done at 93i to g.—All
South American Securities are very heavy, and have considerably
lowered.
FOREIGN FUNDS.

In the Foreign Market this morning there seems to be a panic
in Colombian and Mexican Securities. The latter has been done
at 50, and the former at eight per cent. discount.
Current Prices :—.New Spanish 18 to 4, Old 224 23, Alliance
Shares 12, Russian 964, Mexican 504 4, Chilian 76, French Scrip
121 1, Austrian 954, New Prussian 974 4, Portuguese 874, Bra-
zilian ito par, Buenos Ayres par.

AUSTRIAN FUNDS.
Viz/nu, AUGUST 4.—Metalliques 93. 546. Bk. Sh. 1 i 06.
s.—Metalliques 93. Bk. Sb. 1100. 3-3.
PRICE OF STOCKS AT ONE O'CLOCK.

Bank Stock 2361/2 236-3 per (:t. Reduced 941/2 1A
3 per Ct. C0n5.93% 3/s-3i per Cent. 101%
4 per Cent Assented 101% 1/4
4 per Cent. New 106 105 A
Long Anns. 231/2 3-16—India Bonds 82 84
£l,OOO Esclie. Bills (2d.) 40 1 ; (11/2d.) 39 41
£5OO Do. (2d.) 40 2 ; (11/2d ) 40 1
£lOO and 1:200 Do. (21) 40 2 ; (11/2J.) 41 3
Consols for Acct. 93% 3/s %4.

Dispatches were this forenoon received at the Colo.
nial Office, Downing-sheet, from the Marquis of I-l As.
TINGE, at Malta, and Sir FREDERICK ADAM, at Corfu,
but they contain no intelligence of importance.

This forenoon we received the Etoile of yesterday
and the Meniteur of Wednesday, by Express. It con-
tains a letter from Cadiz, addressed to the French Mi-
nister of Marine, announcing that, on the 24th ult.
Vice-Admiral DUPERRE arrived off that port in the
Trident, with four frigates, and anchored at Rota. On
the following day, Rear-Admiral Baron Racoons, on
board the San Petri arrived, and put himself under the
orders of Admiral DUPERRE. On the 26th, the squa-
dron was to leave Cadiz and perform its evolutions.
Wednesday the KING transacted business with M.
de VILLELE, and afterwards rode out.
TheMoniteur_contains a Royal Ordonnance relative to
the pensions of the widows and children of Magistrates,
The King of SPAIN arrived at Madrid from Sacedon
en the 11th inst. amidst the roar of cannon, the ringing
of bells, and the shouts of the inhabitants, who went
out to meet him.

The Madrid Gazette publishes a Royal Decree, for
suppressing Freemasons and Secret Societies in all his
Majesty's States in Europe and America.
The French Journals are more remarkable for what they
do not, than what they do contain. The Moniteur, which
was published on Monday for the purpose (it being the'
only Paper published on that day), contained the ordon_
nance reviving the Censorship, which appears to have.
been put in full operation on the following day, particu-
larly against the Coristitutiourrel and Journal des Delats.
In both these Papers there are enormous blanks where
the pen of the Censor has ei ased the obnoxious articles;
the interior of the Journal des Debats has two columns
and a half blank, and the Constitutionnel nearly ps
much. No explanation is given, but the inference is
obvious. The Jou, nal des Debuts contains some farther
par ticulArs of the capture of Ipsara; but it is an often-
tqld tale, and repetition, in such a case, is unnecessary.
o.re of the French Journals re asserts that the Captain
Pacha bad sustained great loss in an action with the
Greek fleet, after the destruction of Ipsara, and that
DER%VIBII PACIIA had lost the whole of his vanguarclAr

an unsuccessful attempt to cross the pass at Therms pylx.
The Greeks, it is said, suffered it to advance, • and by a
skilful manoeuvre cut it off from the main bady, and
compelled it to surrender.