Star.
London, England, 1830-09-24 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF SPAIN.

PERPIGNAN, SEPT. 13.—. Few towns present a scene of greater in-
tercet than Perpignan does at the present moment; it hai become, as it
were, the rendezvous of every well-wisher to Spanish freedom. The
streets and coffee-houses are crowded with the victims of Ferdinand's
tyranny, who arc hourly pouring in from all quarters, anxious to partici-
pate in the glorious work of the regeneration of Spain.
In this town, as well as In all the smaller villages along the line of
the Pyrenees, are established boards of commissioners, whose duty it is
to insert the names and rank of those who offer their service, to see that
those who possess no means of their own are provided with provisions,
and finally to procure arms and uniforms for the soldiers. It is difficult
to form a correct estimate of the number of men from Spain and other
quarters, who have already rallied round the Spanish standard.
Some say they amount to at least sight thousand, whilst others,
who have equal facilities of acquiring information, would lead
you to imagine they did not exceed half that number. But
their partisans on the other side of the Pyrenees who only await their
entr► into Spain to join them, comprise the entire enlightened portion
of the Spanish population. With an infatuation which it Is scarcely
possible to account for,Ferdinand and his own satellites have become the
best friends to the cause of liberty in Spain,by the measures of excessive
and uncalled-for severity they have of late thought fit to adopt. Instead of
endeavouring at the present moment to conciliate as much as possible the
good-will of the people, on which their very existence depends, they are
goading them on toads of violence by the most unheard.of tyranny. If three
persons are seen walking through the streets of Barcelona together,
they are immediately separated. No individual is allowed to be from
home after 8 o'clock in the evening, and the theatre and coffee-houses
are dosed. All this is done at the instigation of the worthy repro.
sentative of biz master, "PI Conde de Espana.' Scarcely a day
elapses but some unfortunate being is executed on account of his
political opinions. The priests acquire at the oonfessiood, front
the deluded victims of the superstition they have instilled into their
minds, a knowledge of the political tenets their friends and
relatives profess, and with a wickedness, to designate which
no epithet can be sufficiently strong, exultingly cany this information to
headquarters; and thus, often, a mother unconsciously becomes the
assassin of her child, a wife of her husband, and a sister of her bro-
ther ! The persons in whom most confidence appears to be re-
posed by the Spaniards in this town are Colonel Glade and Senor
Miguel. To the former, you will recollect, in 1823. the MM.
mend of the last fast hold of the Spaniards, the Trocadero,
was intrusted ; he is a man of tried courage, and by no
means deficient in military talent. The latter was Minister for
Foreign Affairs in 1829; it was he who took the decisive step, for which
so many cooler and deeper politicians blamed him, of tendering to the
Ambassadors who called on him to effect some changes in the con-

stitution, their passports. His abilities, although perhaps of rather
a lighter order, are far from contemptible, and I believe him to be
a man of unimpeached honour and integrity. After those two, Co-
lonel Miranda, who was chief of Mina's staff In 1823, is the most
conspicuous.
No opposition whatever baa been hitherto shown by the French au-
thorities to the Spaniards : they are allowed to psis even in bodies
from town to town unnoticed. If this tacit sanction of their opera-
tions on the part of France is likely to continue, I appre.
hcnd the Spaniards on this side of the Pyrenees will wait until some
commotion has taken place in Spain before they enter. Should the
reverse, however, be the case, they would immediately cross the fron-
tiers, and become as it were a rallying point for their countrymen.
Their expectations of success are most sanguine, and when the dif-
ferent bearings of their case are duly weighed, the scale of probabl.
Hiles must preponderate in their favour. No country is more favoured
by Nature than Spain ; she yields, almost without toil, two harvests a
year to the agriculturists; her peasants are the finest in the world, her
people proverbially generous, temperate, and open-hearted. The pro.

claination, purporting to have issued from the Regency, of which a trans.
lation appeared in your paper, is disclaimed by the Spaniards here. Not
one of those mm whose names I have mentioned were parties to it: they
know Ferdinand too well to think he looks upon an oath u sacred or bind.
ing. It would be the height of madness to repose confidence in a man who
invariably betrayed those who trusted in his honour t to expect that by
• gradual course of reform the Spanish nation could be restored to hap.
pines' and prosperity is preposterous. The system is corroded to its very
vitals. It is not the suppression of one or two obnoxious laws that can
satisfy the Spaniards; the Government must be remodelled from its very
foundation. Since I have commented my letter, four Mars, in plain at.
tire, have been seen walking through the streets; they have endeavoured
to bribe several of the Spanish addict' to join their party s they ofered
each man three pesetas a.day, about Its. Gd. On being recognised, they'
immediately quitted the town. In abouteight days I think operations
will have commenced. 111 Ina enters Spain by Bayonne; it is said be is
accompanied by several Englishmen. The veteran Milan', although
he has lost the use of one side by a paralytic stroke, is resolved on
following the army to Spain ; he is expected here every day. To
whom the command in chief of the army will be confided, is not yet
known.

We have received French Papers to the 22d inst. They afford no
intimation on the progress of the Revolution, in addition to what we
communicated yesterday. A letter from Algiers will be found in the
extracts, which gives an interesting account of the position of the French
in Africa

PARIS, BLS'S. 21.-41 great number of bills, drawn by persons
in the colonies on houses in France, have not been accepted by those
houses. Some merchants have even stated the grounds of their refusal
to accept, which is founded on the creel that will be produced is the
colonies by the news qf the events qf July. This circumstance ought
to interest the Minister of Marine more than ever in those establish.
mints, which are threatened with an approaching abb. No reason,
as it seems to us, ought to have delayed the departure of M. Dupont,
who is appointed Governor of Martinique. This General Men will
not reach his destination till after the troubles.

BAY OF ALGIERS, SEPT. 4.—We have conformed here, as In
France, to the new order of things. In the marine, as well as in the
several corps, there is a unanimity of sentiment—as there was before,
with some rare exceptions, unanimity of national opinions. It has not
been quite the same among the officers of the army. However, the arrival
of Gen.Clausel now makes everybody sing in thesame key. The Marshal
departed on the 3d in the evening, on board a wretched mercantile brig
belonging to theCommiseary.general ; he had applied te the admiral fors
man of wsr,who sent back answer,that if it was togo tarance,he was ready
toiplace at hie disposal any shtp that might suit him; but that he
did not think himself authorised to give him one if it was his inten-
tion to go to a foreign country. Two hours after this answer be
embarked with only his two moos, one of whom was almost in a dying
state, and sailed, it is said, for Mahon in the evening of the same day.
At the moment of his departure a violent storm hung over the city.
It was by the flashes of the lightning that we saw the with* sails of
the brig, which was conveying to a distance from ue this new Marius.
The most insensible hearts could not but be moved at so rapid a
change in the fortunes of him who just before commanded an army of
30,000 men, and whose slightest desires were commands for the
crowd of couniers, who are always to be met with in the camp as
well as the Court. In the day of his misfortune his sons were his
sole attendants. It was high time for a Chief of firm mind to come
and take the reins here. It is impossible to form an idea of the general
demoralization, the consequence of complete idleness, and of the diseases
which are the consequences of it under so sultry a sky. M. de Bourman
he left plenty of business for his successor, as well to re-co:pulse the
army as to amain the mu which the Bey of Tlttery declared against him
some days before his departure. The Bey threatens to come at the heed of
200,009 men, to punish our spoliation, and to revenge himself
for our bed faith. In his Manifesto, which I have read, be appoints a
Place of rendezvous very near Algiers. " There," be says in conclusion,
" we may meet face to face; if it is his will, it is well; If It ls hods k is
bad ; 000 is great !" However, this African bragging has caused some
laceration to be taken, which were not thought of before. The Oe.,
final sleeps every night is the midst of their divisions; beanies
And redoubts protect our lines ; and now the haughty Bey may awns
with his pretended two hundred thousand men without frightening
14. Conquerors as we are, the country is far from Waugh* to
su and from being pacified. Col. fireabeville, of the Id light

ment, and the Paymaster, were assassinated ten days ago a few hundred I
paces from our outposts. These are the results of the system which
has been adopted towards these savages, who take moderation for fear or
weakness. We are sometimes very ridiculous with our due principles
of philanthropy, which we try to accommodate to all climates, all
nations, and all condition. We shall see the coosequinces. I shall be
at Toulon when you receive this letter. Al. Massimo de Oakville re-
mains bee with a small division ; all the rest of the squadron returns
successively to France.

Titicsriu..—By the Jack otter Lantern, from Angra, to Southamp-
ton, private letters and files of the Models do Terceira have been re.
celved. To the contents of the latter, devoid as they are of features of
general importance, some interest is nevertheless attached; inasmuch as
they clearly point out the spirit of liberal improvement which prevails
in that solitary bulwark of Portuguese loyalty, and prove that the par.
deans of Donna Maria, duly appreciate the benefits of Constitutional li-
berty, by their endeavours to bring into action, as much as their cir-
cumstances permit, the dispositions of that Charter, to which in fact
the name of their Sovereign is bat a seal, and without which
their loyalty were but the devotedness of fruitless heroism. The Decrees
of the Regency, circumscribed as they are in their effects by the limited
extent of the territory which owns their sway, also afford a striking con.
trast to the retrogressive spirit which pervades the acts of the imbecile
despot of the Tagus. The Regency have directed their attention to the
external relations as well as the internal regulations of the island. They
have established as equality of rates of customs for all nations, and have
allowed the importation of tobacco, which, notwithstanding the existing
monopoly (which it is their intention to abolish as soon as circumstances
will permit, as they have already done with regard to soap) may be
sold by the government contracter at the prices named by the owners
and on their account. The late abundant harvest having amply provided
for the maintenance ef the inhabitants during the ensuing year, the Re-
gency have permitted the exportation of wheat of last year's growth,
and a cargo is about to leave the island. At the same time they are
endeavouring to improve the moral and social condition of its in.l
habitants. New regimental schools have been opened; the public
medical establishments have been placed on more salubrious and com-
fortable footing ; and what is of more importance, open courts of jus-
tice have been substituted to the inquisitorial forms of Portuguese
jurisprudence. The introduction of trial by jury is also contemplated.
The first public sitting of the General Court of Justice was held at
Angie, on the 9th of August, and, from the novelty of the thing, and
importance of the innovation. was most numerously attended. What wig
appear rather extraordinary, if we consider the supposed &sandal state
of the Regency is, that they have ordered the cancellation of 201,270 U
400 reis (allowing a discount of 10 per cent. and at par, about =AIL
sterling,) paper money, and the notes were publicly destroyed. be
one of its Decrees the Regency declare the Government of Donna Made
will not recognise as valid any contract, into which Don Miguel may
have entered with either natives of Portugal, or foreigners, since April
28th, 1828, and which may in any manner affect the revenues of Porta.
gal. In this they act consistently with their principles, but the justice
and even the expediency of a similar declaration may well be questioned,
more especially as it relates to other nations. The private knees inform
us of the appearance of our two frigates off Angra, on the 22d August,
The Briton approached the port and fired a gun, upon which a boat put
out from Angra, with one of Count Villa Floes Aid-de-limps, the
English Vice Consul, and a pilot. On coming alongside the Briton,
they were asked whether the blockading squadron was off the Island ?
and having answered in the affirmative, an apology was made for not
allowing them to come on board, as it would be an lama.
don et the rules of the blockade, and they were informed
that MK Mlaof.war had been ordered to that station by Government, to
prelme its traders against the piratical acts of Don Miguel's cruisers.
The frigates were seen on the same evening to communicate with the
blockading squadron, and have since been constantly off the land. Oa
the 30th of August, one of them made a nearer approach, and exercised
the men at their great guns, making use of a group of rocks, called the
Fradinhos, for • mark. The Portuguese complain of the aistenes of
ear frigates on the station, as they say they indirectly tend to strengthen
the blockade, for when seen by a vessel making for the island, they are
naturally taken for the blockading squadron, and are consequently ob.
jects of alarm. The anniversary of the discomfiture of the expedition
against Villa de Praia, was celebrated with great demonstrations of joy,
and when the news of the French Revolution was communicated by the
Jack &the Lantern, the island was one general scene of rejoicing. The
volunteers particularly distinguished themselves, the French nodes,
the national guard, and the Di-coloured flag, were the objects of *sit
alas. The Captain of the schooner reports he was chased by a Per.
tuguese frigate in company with a British man.of.war. The suspicious
appearance of the Jack o'tbe Lantern may account for the latter dram.
stance, as information has been communicated to our vessel of the
prowling of a suspicions looking schooner, in the environs of the
Asores....Plyousa Jouroal.