Star.
London, England, 1831-01-08 00:00:00

cano• 'n calculate on the chances of pardon as far outweighing the
chances of punishment. Have not the reformers of our criminal law
been constantly urging the substitution of mild and certain punish-
ments to sanguinary but uncertain punishments. The clergy of Hanzip-
'lore may have received a new light since the recent outrages: they
ce had very different notions regarding penal kw.

Ti mes.—The landed interest of England, and more especially the
labouring classes of England, conceived themselves to be much aggrieved
ey the endless influx of Irish poor into this country, and the consequent
depreciation in the value of English labour, and reduction in the rate
of wages. Is it to be presumed, that the Parliament of Great Britain
would any .longer forbear to impose a tax on the entrance of Irish-
men into British ports ? or that any impost could be devised so
popular among the working classes of our countrymen? Thus
we see in this single topic what momentous Irish interests
sr/ involved:—Tee British corn-market and labour-market closed
at once against the rich and poor of Ireland,—against the grower of
corn, and the emigrant reaper. The Irish farmer forced to sell his pro-
lila cheap ; and if the Irish Parliament retaliates by protecting duties
on manufactures, he will be forced, at the same time, to buy his com-
torts dear. For let it be well understood and remembered, that Ireland
cannot find throughout Europe a market half so good as this country
for her corn, nor a source whence she can obtain manufactured goods
o cheap : while England can every where buy corn cheaper than in
Ireland, and can in every country where she buys that corn find a
tall indemnity for the loss of the Irish purchaser of her wares.
11• c cannot at present pursue this argument furthet ; nor need we.
Let the Irish labourer who now shouts in phrenzy for O'Connell. and
with mad hatred execrates the name of England. bethink himself of the
Marge of U. Is. levied on every passenger from Dublin to Liverpool,
ere he can set foot on our shores. One word on absentees, and one only.
We consider the great proprietors of estates in behind to be, morally
peaking. the worst of all residents for that country. Let the country
but enjoy repose, and money and commercial industry will flow into it.
ltrfore the lapse of one generation. a new and incalculably more valuable
oLle of proprietors will be created ; the old estates will be gradually
rotten up by piecemeal transfers into the bands of manufacturers and
merchants, and the obsolete aristocracy, as worthless and useless a class
of people as any to be found in Europe or out of it,will leave.no subject
of regret, but that they did not perish sooner.
POST.—We very much apprehend that we shall dot be gratified with
a sight of one of the new Lusitano-Brazilian bonds so early as we could
have wished. We now learn that this Loan is for 1,250,0001. Stock,
for which 600,0001. are to be given, bringing it to about 47, barring
extras. With the contracting of this Loan Brazil has nothing to do.
The whole is on account of the Emperor Don Pedro, who, on the face
of the bond, most probably pledges, we can scarcely say mortgages, his
private property. But where does that lie? Some nine or twelve
mouths ago a refugee Lawyer wrote an elaborate Treatise, to shew that
the Dukedom of Brogans'', held in a distinct right from the Crown, would
be an excellent security for a Loan ; and certainly the good man was
no fool, as it offered a much better basis for a speculation than that of
the Vigo Bay scheme, which was under water ; but it was unluckily
discovered that the Dukedom was in Portugal, and a difficulty thence
arose as to the administration of the revenue. Don Pedro is certainly
in possession of one of the finest estates in the world, called Santa Cruz,
about 40 miles from Rio de Janeiro, which formerly belonged to the
Jesuits ; but it has been over and over again declared, in the Brazilian
Chambers, that this is Crown property, of which the Sovereign has only
the enjoyment during his lifetime. Under these circumstances, therefore,
we can senicely think that a lien can be given upon this estate by
any transaction in London, without the previous concurrence ei
the Brazilian Chambers, and much less for a purpose distinctly dis-
avowed by them. However, what the securities are matters little fee
the present, as long as the contractors are satisfied ; and it is fervently
to be hoped that they will favour their advocates and auxiliaries with a
respectable slice. Now to the employment of the money. We under.
stand that a naval armament is to be fitted out, consisting, as it is said.
of three large vessels, with a corresponding number of steam.boats,which
are intended to take on board all the troops, at ;present very much Wed
nf their quarters in the Island of Terceira. This expedition,
it is further stated, is to be commanded by a British ex-Naval
Officer of some notoriety, fond of foreign service ; and as the blow is in.
tended to be struck on some part of the Portuguese coast with great eclat
at this precise moment, it is confidently added, the new Loan is to be
produced in the market, and expected to outtop every other foreign stock
now found on the list. Immense preparations are already making for
a masterly stroke, and it is even reported that tenders will be received
for a supply of poetic talent, it being intended to celebrate the whole
prospectively in heroic verse. In this case we do not expect to get a
glimpse of one of the bonds before Spring, that being the time appointed
for the grand denouement.

THR CHURCH.

OXFORD, J•w. 7.
At an election held on Wednesday, the llth of December last, at Cor-
pus Christi College, the Rew. Robert Eden, M.A. and the Rev. Thos.
Medland, M.A. were elected Fellows of that Society.
The Rev. Thomas Dudley Fosbrooke, MA. of Pembroke, College, is
presented to the Rectory of Watford, with the Vicarage of Ruardean,
Herefordshire.—Patron, the Precentor of Hereford.
The Rev. Lovelace Bigg Wither, M.A. of Oriel College,is presented
to the Vicarage of Henia4 Haute, vacant by the cession of the Rev.
John Ord.
The Rev. John Old ZiUwood, M.A. of Magdalen Hall, Chaplain of
Hants County Gaol and BridewcU, is presented to the Rectory of Comp-
tom, Hants, void by the death of the Rev. P. Williams, Prebendary of
Winchester, itef _ _ _

The Rev; Robert Tomes, B. A. of Magdalen Hall, is presented to
the Vicarage of Coughton, in the county of Wuwicit.—Patron, Thomas
Bowles, Esq. of Milton Hill, Berks.