Star.
London, England, 1831-05-31 00:00:00

THE PRESENT SULTAN

The Sultan has given to his Greek subjects in Turkey
half a million of piastres to repel' their dilapidated churches,
and has granted them free toleration of their religious privi-
lleges, which they did not enjoy berme, having been subject
to many burdensome taxes. Our correspondent extracts
from the Smyrna Courier an ordinance of the Sultan, dated
llth February, by which all subjects of the Porte, as we!l
as those protected by other powers, hie navigating under
tin Turkish flag, will be entitled to a reduction of ten per
cent. on the ditties imposed by the Tariff, which other no-
tions are subject to pay. The captain under the Turkish
flag must wear an uniform prescribed by the Tarkilt govern-
ment ; the sailors will be exempted from the capitation and
every other tax paid by subjects on shore. Merchant ves-
sels under the Turkish flag will be exempted from a search
by officers ; the effects of the captain and the ship's stores
(goads under that denomination) may be transferred freely,
or sold, free from transit duties ; the names of the sailors
will be enrolled in the list of the Captain Peelle. The Ray-
alis, that is to say, subjects of the Porte, not Turks, whether
Greeks, Armenians, Armenian Catholics, or Jews, are to be
considered equal in the eyes of the law ; and Turks are not
to enjoy the least preference in courts of justice over their
fellow subjects of other religions ; for, i the opinion of the
Sultan, they all form but one family, religion being au
affair of the conscience, and a matter for which each indivi-
dual is accountable to GOD only.
fo ail those parts of Roumelia which have been ravaged
by the war, the sultan intends to remit sums of money, grain,
cheese, butter and other provisions, to be distributed gratis
among his poor subjects; and he grants to the inhabitants of
that country a complete exemption, for two years, front
taxes of every description. He has also i,sued a thin:in to
all the Paellas and Governors to beware that they comtuit
no injustice, of however trifling a nature ; and that they pu-
ni-11 no Rayali or subject for breach of the la:vs, without
the authority of the Primates of the jurisdiction to which
the criminal belongs. Further, his emigrant subjects alay
return, and be placed under the protection of the sultan,
being considered as his own children. He also gives a
thousand purses to the patriarch of Jerusalem, towards
liquidating the enormous debt of the Greek Church at the
Holy sepulchre, on condition that every Greek subject in
the empire contribute one piestre each for the same object
In order that this debt, accumulated through the abuses of
the Turkish Pachas amid the Greek. priests, may be liquids.
ated, and to provide for the expellees of the restorative of
the Christian Church there, nn imperial edict nominates tivn
inspectors, at the head of whom is the great Waiwode
Eustachius Nicolaides de Zvoia. a Fanariot. This mo-
ney has been taken to Farrar by the Turkish Minister's
and Dignitaries, with all the pomp so suitable to such a
gift.

The Sultan means to establish a policy on the European
system at Constantinople, and has called upon the foreign
Ministers to make nut lists of their respective subjects. On
an imperfect census, they find two individuals for one with-
out the protection required by Turkish law from all residents
in this country. This has been the cause of a thousand
abuses towards the Government and the Minister.; them-
selves, who not having yet conylied in all minutia: with th
Sultan's request thrice made. have been given to understood
that his nest application will be to the Courts of the res've.
tine Ambassadors.
To the islands not included within the limits of th,
Greek State, the Sultan grants the following privileges.--
The Turkish Goverment are to he directed in their de-
cisions by the community of primates. The inivai,ittuta
of one piace cannot be judged but by their own laws
and before proper Judges ; and no Turkish Governor eat
punish any one without the primate's judgment and
au-
thority.v '

The inhaLitants cl the island of Samos are to hare rid
Cher Cadi nor Turkish Governors; but, if they think
proper, they may choose a Govermr of dick own country-
men. They are allowed a partienlar flag, on which will h.,
the holy crass of the Christians. If, after 411 these advan-
tages, they refuse to submit, then, itikalourn,—a phrase im-
plying " Look to the consequences."
All the Itlyahs are to wear a military dres-..
Tmlis have now left off their former costume, and adopted
an Eurorean one in its stead ; and the Turkish soldier
will bencefoAli wear an epaulette, ti distinguish hint from
the Ray:ills.

;t will be seen that Reform is the order of the day,
even in Turkey ; and that the Sultan Nlahenoud, no lo ,s
than King William the Fourth, is labouring assidin,ll4%,
and with much apparent discretion, to ameliorate the con-
dition of his subjects.

Aruougat those aho have just received the decoration k,
the Cross of July, is Mr. Shrimpton, now surgeon at the military his.
pital of the Oro,' Caillou. It will be recollec:.•d that this is the
Englishman, who, during the three memorable dayv, devoted hip pro.
fes•ional exertions to the relief of the vsound..l, ar.d who stir ott.d
so much notice at the Ambulance of the S.ock l xenange.—tiufi.i.
names 3lessenyer.

LOCUSTS-ALIAS LAWYERS. T;sere R.O tipwar& of
2,•'i00 tummies in the present year's Law List, in Londol and Mid-
dlesex, and fun 300 or 400 who, by reason of their needy circumstances.
are unable to procure their certificates in time to appear among their
brethren. These are termed Black Legs, and usually practice in pot-
houses. Those who have practised above three years pay 121. per an-
r.um for their certificates. What a revenue !

A BistioP A REFORMER FIFTY YEA RS AGO. —Tile
followime is an abstract from a Charge to the Clergy of the diooese t.t
St. Asaph, delivered in the year 1782, by " the eloquent and patriotic
Bishop Shipley;" in which every one must be struck with the croft,:
resemblance to the leading features of Lord John Russell's Reform
Bill now before Parliament.--Shipley's Works, flvo. vol. ii. p. I:18.
" The time, perhaps, is soon approaching when you will be trusted
once more with the choice of your Ittpresentatites. Whenever, it
comes, give the world a proof of your own integrity, by votes and te-
commendations in favour of intelligent and worthy men—men of in-
dependent fortunes, but not raised by the plunder of the public—who
have shown their love for their country by their hatred of corruption.
Nor is it sufficient to choose men wise and honest ; but, consider.
ing the weakness of oar common nature, we ought to employ the
most just and probable methods to keep them et. We ought to
favour an' support the endeavours of many worthy men, to pre-
serve the integrity of their Representatives, by not trusting them
with power too long, by transferiing the right of election front the
shameless inhabitants of small boroughs, without property or mitten.
pie, to great commercial towns, or to larger districts ; and, as much as
possible, to place the power of choosing our lawgivers in the hands of
honest and independent men, who have an interest not to abuse it.
lAbove all, we should encourage those plans which tend to restrain
the expenses and lessen the profits and the frauds of Government ;
and to guard against the growth of that encroaching power, front
which neither we nor our fathers have been sufficiently able to secure
ourselves. But some affect to be alarmed at these proceedings, as
dangerous innovations and a change in the Constitution. That it is
a change must be allowed ; but a change that we ought to wish and
pray for ; a change from rottenness and disease, to vigour, health, and
gladness. Changes and alterations are the natural steps which the
mind of man makes in its progress towards improvement—they arise
ftont the wisdom of experience. The Constitution itself is little more
I than a collection of such changes and alterations as our forefathers
thund necessary to be meisile in the form of this Government ; and
why should not we be allowed to watch over our own safety as well
as they ? The order, canstancy, and beauty of the creation itself is
preserve.' by those periodical and salutary changes by which th,
whole frame of nature is in a manner renewed and invigorated.
after all, ''avhat are.the alarmihg ,changes these men •are atiaid of ?
Suppose that they were all to take place, the full cffeet of Ahem
could amount to no more than 'ffi give the nation a chance tif havine
more honest ;Representatives than we:Olive hitherto been blessed with.
Now, if honesty was really that noxious weed which some men tei u.
to think it, yet it does fith take root so deep. nor spread as fast. t' .s,
we need be under any fear btits overrunnin.4 Lull"

I

I!
E'

LONDON.
TUESDAY, MAY 31.

Tlf F EVENING STAR.

To-morrow, the STAR, in conformity with the ex-
umple of its Contemporaries, and in unison with the
ta4e of the present period, will be enlarged to FIVE
CoLumNs, and in size will vie with any of the daily
journals. Though this alteration will be a special
,tcom mendation to many persons, yet to excel in good
to, tr. in soundncu of principles, in priority of intel-
ligence, and in the interest of selection, has been, and will
continue to be, the primary object of the Editors and
Conductors. At the same time, it cannot be doubted but
that four additional columns will enable them to add to
the variety of the paper', and occasionally give greater
fullness to important details.
Their object is to justify, in all respects, the long-
established partiality of their friends, and to render this
Paper the first in QUALITY, as well as most satisfactory
in QUANTITY. They hope, therefore, that their exertions
to merit preference will be met by corresponding zeal in
their interest, wherever London Evening Papers are read ;
and that, as heretofore, no intelligent politician will feel
satisfied, till hi has seen and perused the STAR of the
en rs ent day.

Austria, which, by virtue of the decisions of the black
Congress, already usurps four degrees of longitude in the
most fertile district of Italy, is weak and greedy enough to
lay some antiquated claim to another degree. It is seizing
upon the little province of Novara, lying between Piedmont
and the Milanese ; arid into which debouches the Napoleon
Road across Mount Simplon, which connects Switzerland
and France with Italy. This road is, in fact, the com-
mercial and travelling key of Italy, and all its useful
purposes would be lost, if obstructed by Austrian
Custom-houses and Austrian espionage. It is this claim,
and this encroachment on the already narrowed territory of
the King of SARDINIA, which has so suddenly aroused the
pusillanimous French Cabinet. Some accounts even go so
far as to state, that the Austrian Ministers, evincing
jealousy of the liberal principles of Prince CARIGNAN,
have been questioning his accession to the Sardinian
throne. In a word, Italy is now as much Aus-
trian, from Nice to Otranto, as Bengal and the
Carnatic are English. There are princes and sovereigns,
but at every court there is an Austrian resident; and if the
people are discontented, a few Austrian regiments perform
the duties of police. Now, thin is not as it ought to be,
either with regard to the Italians, their Sovereigns, France,
or the rest of Europe. Austria is an extended and power-
ful empire, without crossing the Adige ; and really
the Boundary of the Adige, ought, in reason, to satisfy
wise ambition ; but, if not, France, and all Europe,
ought to curb it! The world is disturbed only by follies.
Russia, equal to a fifth of the old Continent, must indulge
the wantonness of encroaching on Poland ; and Austria,
the most concentrated and extensive of civilized countries
must, it seems, indulge in courting strife in Italy.

We have at length some direct accounts from Lithuania ;
and it seems that the Northern Poles have made a stand

against the first attacks of the Barbarians. In another
column, we have inserted an abridgment of their Manifesto,
as given in the Constitutionnel; and, it appears, that the
chivalrous nobles of Samogitis, and Northern Lithuania,
are directing the enthusiasm of the people. What a gleam
of sunshine most be the prospect of being delivered from
the Government of the arbitrary military subalterns
of Russia! It is a Social War, and has all its
impassioned features ; and being so near to Petersburgh,
the immediate forces of that capital can be brought to bear
upon the patriots ; but the guards and the prime regiments
have been marched 300 or 400 miles southward, and are
perishing by disease, famine, and Polish vengeance, on the
Bug and the Vistula! We shall doubtless hear of mighty
preparations in Russia ; but recruits are not easily brought
from Astracan and Tobolskoi ; and Polish positions will be
established on the Russian frontiers, before the Calmucs,
and other horse-flesh feeders, can be brought into action.
The next accounts from the Narew will be interesting.
The Polish General has taken a position in which DIE-
BITSCH must fight a battle, or retreat beyond the Bug. If
he were to turn towards the Vistula at Plock, which he at-
tempted in March, the Poles on both flanks would cut off
two thirds of his army. If the Poles avoid a general en-
gagement, the calamities of Dr Enurscit would be equally
certain ; for he is as a wild beast, caught in the toils of the
Poles. His account of his late advance and retreat is most
amusing.

Our readers will find, in a subsequent column, the Rus-
sian account of the affair with the brave Polish General,
CH R Z A NOWSK I, dated from the bead-quarters, at Lukono,
May The 17th, and published in the Prussian State Gazette.
We are enabled to give the most unequivocal contradiction to
many parts of the statement in question—particularly that
about the houses taking fire. We know, from other
sources, that while the Poles treat their prisoners with mild-
ness and humanity—while they make no distinction between
the wounded Russians and the wounded Poles in their at-
tentions—the atrocities of the Russians are positively incre-
dible. The Gazette d' Augsburg, accidently described,
what even a disarmed and inoffensive population
experienced, as a means of repression, by the cold-
blooded commands of the Northern Autocrat. " Colonel
BA RTOLOMMUS" says that Journal, " sent from Kowna
(Ramon) with 1,000 men, and four pieces of artillery, took
Rossienna by force ; and displayed in that affair, as well as
in all that followed, the manner which despots and op-
pressors wage war with a people, suspected of dissec-
tion. In every place, during his progress, the
houses, and villages, became the prey of pillage, murder,
and conflagration. Those whq would fly, were, without
distinction of age or sex, repulsed with the baymeeti and
driven back into the flames. Those who attempted an, re-
sistance, were made prisoners ; and when they amenntod
to ten or fifteen, they *ere cast alive 'into the same
hovel, which was instead/ set fin to. The unresist-
iag ruse mon, who were found at Rossienna, had
their heads ismookaioesly shave*; and were afterwards

compelled to perform menial 'offices to their savage con-1
querors." Such are the means employed by the Peters-
burgh Cabinet for the suppression of revolt ; and in these
atrocities, we have the evidence of what is reserved for

'and, should the Russian arms—which Goo forbid—
triumph over the struggling Patriots.

Although the inveterate enemies of all Reform continue
to insinuate that alterations have been made in the Reform
Bill, and roundly assert that others are meditated, we, as
friends to it from the first, and as ardent friends to Reform
for forty-four years, still exclaim and demand, the Bill,
the whole Bill, and nothing but the Bill ; subject to no
variations, but those which corrected returns of population
may warrant. If we would alter any point, it should be
to cut off at once all CORPORATE VOTERS, instead of
waiting till their decease ; for we regard them generally as
a corrupt and venal mass, and lament that the parliament is
to continue to be polluted by their influence. Whether £lO
Housekeepers number more or less than these factitious per-
sons, we consider of no consequence whatever; principle, uni-
formity, and independence being the sole objects to be
desired. And, with reference to counties regarding such
members properly as representatives of the landed inte-
rest, we desire to have the voters restricted to free-
holders, and extended only to copyholders, and lease-
holders for above twenty-one years, as at first proposed.
In truth, the entire Lill, as developed at the first, in
essence, plan, and principle, met our warmest approba-
tion, just as we heard it propounded, sentence after sen-
tence, by Lord JOHN RUSSELL; and we have never
read or heard since, a single argument :of force and
weight enough, to induce us to change our first
opinion of the bill, in all its parts. Those who talk
of Corporate rights, should remember that Corporations
were created for mere municipal purposes—not to return
Members to Parliament; and that every fit member of a
Corporation keeps, or ought to keep, a house of ten pounds
a year. The sooner the freemen made by Corporations, for
election purposes, are disfranchised, the better; but the
Bill, tender in respecting every vested right, continues their
franchise for life. If their children or apprentices are to be
free, they do not lose their freedom, only the right of voting
for Members, merely as freemen ; and if such votes are not
bought and sold, as they often are, the loss of this right
in them can be of no public consequence whatever. It may
affect one in a hundred of the next generation ; but it will
then be time enough to consider the value of these votes,
which at present we should regard as NOTHING. Let us
then, without equivocation, have THE BILL, THE WHOLE
BILL, and NOTIIING BUT the BILL; and support it, as
Britons and patriots, with our voices, fortunes, and, if ne-
cessary, OUR LIVES.

ROYAL EXCHANGE, ONE O'CLOCK.
Consols, which left off yesterday very firm at 84 i 3 for
the Account, opened at 84 if, and soon after were done at
84 1. The rise is attributed to a strong feeling that the
affairs of Belgium will be speedily terminated.
TWO O'CLOCK.
Consols have been fluctuating in the course of the morning
from 84 1 lowest to 84 i for the Account, and at present
may be quoted 84 *l, and for Money 84 11.
In the Foreign Market Brazil Stock has improved. This
being settling day in the above market, the brokers are
chiefly employed in making up their accounts.
In the Foreign Stock Market this morning, Brazilian Bonds, 5 pa
Cent. were 821, 3 4 ; the Assent, 6st Mexican Bonds, 1825, 6 pa
BA%
Cent. 39 81 ; Russian Benia, srendezt. 96; Ditto for the Ac-
count, 964 t Ditto 111, MI i 5 per Cent. 15f 6, Ditto
for the Account, 161 41 Beads, 1823, 5 per Cent. 14 $ Ditto
foe the Account, 144; Rentes, 3 per Cent. 66f. 25c; Ex.
change, 2M. 30c.
In the Share Idet, Brazilian, National, at 234. Protector Fire, at
11.8 s. Bd. London Docks, at 82. Provincial Bank of Ireland, at

PRICE OF BTOCIES AT THREE O'CLOCK.
Bent Stock, 3001 4 per Ct. 1826, 991 9
3 rer Ct. Coos. 641 1 1 1 1 Long Ann. Jan.HMO, 171.161 17
Cons. for Ace. 841 11 1 Old Annuities FYI. New,
S per Cent. lied. 1331 1 I India Bonds, par 2 pm.
31 per Ct. 1818, 911 1 £lOOO Ries. Bills 10 9 10
3/ per Ct. Red. 911 901 1 .1.6500 Ditto 10 9
31 per Cent. New, 941 3 21 £lOO and .6200 Do. 9 11
It - ---litsr 51; - --- Gazette.
Lenz

appears, according to iugsbourg
4 is now strongly fortified by the Austrians.
Accounts from Brussels this day state, that a courier
bad arrived there from London, with dispatches for Mr.
Abercromby, which were immediately communicated to the
foreign Minister and several of the Deputies, announcing
from Lord Pousonby that the affairs of Luxembourg had been
arranged, and that nothing remained to be settled but Lim-
bourg, in the adjustment of which great difficulties were
felt. Lord Ponsonby, at the same time, gave it as his opi-
nion, that the acceptance of the throne by Leopold wus al-
most certain.

!, that

The Hambro' Reporter of the 27th inst. states, that on
thd 10th an engagement took place between the Polea and
an advanced corps of the Russian guard, in which the Poles
took nearly 2,000 prisoners. We alluded to this yesterday.
Van Dieinan's Land Papers to the Ist Jan. have been
received at the North and South American Coffee House.
The Hobart Town Papers state that the male prisoners,
from the ship Clyde, were landed, 216 in number, in good
health and order. It appears that no less than 13
(11 male and 2 female) convict ships had arrived, during the
past year, at Hobart Town, from England, bringing 2,105
male, and 230 female, convicts—in all, 2,235 souls.
Accounts reached Hobart Town, by the ship Dragon,
from New Zealand, of the most distressing nature. It ap-
pears that the ekertions of the Missionaries have proved
abortive; that cannibalism was carried on to the most dread-
ful extent ; that the internal war of the different tribes was
raging with all its horrors ; and that the savages were
making immense sacrifices of human life, to their heathen
GOD.

--- -
Consols at present are not so good as at the opening of
ilbe market; and may be quoted at 841 i for the Account.
Since writing the above, Consols have receded to 841,
owing to a good supply of Money Stock.
Emigration to the highly favoured Van Diemen's Land
increases rapidly, nearly 100 passengers having arrived from
England in one week, and nearly 100 more were daily ex-
pected from the Swan River. Report brought by one of
the vessels arrived lately, says that the latter place was about
to be evacuated. When the Cleopatra left the Swan
River, the Eagle schooner was loading for Hobart Town.
She had 80 passengers engaged for the former port. The
Orelia had arrived, and discharged her cargo. Mr. Peel's
and Colonel Latour's establishments were broken up ; and
settlers in large numbers were daily expected from the
Wild Goose settlement.

The Duke of Itichasood ie now 'mixed as the probable
etweessor oldie Marquis of As.km, ID the est my mishit pest of
Viceroy et liaised.
The profits of the Provincial Bank of bawl. for dos yew
wises Me duelist So 11.7971. Th• Aireism it eb• yU
7e mum' am *be mad a Wiper alb