Star.
London, England, 1805-02-13 00:00:00

RICH STATE OF THE WHEEL.

✓ Prize of C.sipoo (3 Prime of C.topeo
• d.'to 110,000 3 ditto 3,cco, Ste. &c &e. '
FROM the uncommon DEMAND lqr TICKETS
&Id SHARES chub; the lift wed, arid the feir remaining
untotaomee• it soft probable sot a Ticket will be left after this
wect ; the Piddle are therefore ramified to be early lo their sp-
S TRULY FORTUNATE LOITER? OFFICE,
Corse of the Royal tut agpe,Uppollte the larik.
Whets Tides sod Sham (wansated 'indrawn) will cis:dime
of fele wbOR there art soy left.
Saturday will be the oest• Drawing Day., - •

GSCOTT confiders it his Duty to Race to 111 We
• who have hononved him wkh their Commands,that these
an bet kw Tithed 6 the prefect Stile Lottery left; from the atm
quailed hit-Weft of the Wheel and the great demand for llama
and Shares, widow-in early application at lie Old Eitabliibod
fir. No. yy, Mir BOND-STAPAT• he fears many will be
ditappointed. " •
The wheel contain, One Prize of ly.oool. Two of to,ono/Three
of !excl. Three of jrowl. Five of Ipoot. bddes nammous
Uwe% he. &e.

N. B. Nest Saturday will be the Simi Day of Drawing.
1 PORTER, with etery fenTe of gratilude to the
• Nobility and Gentry who hare. honoured hint with their
eommands, begs to Into* the following remarks to them. That
:Is* PRESENT STATE LOTTERY contains more Grand
Pr ..ea than were ever known before. and as there are but wry
few 1 ,ekete unfold, and the Demand is unequaled bock in Town
and Coutary. he earmitty recommends (to prevent ilifappolot-
mmt..) an immediate Purebafe at his OLD ESTABLISHED
LOTTERY OFFICE in Parliament-Antioch= all Prizes from
id. toss pool. are paid on demand.
N. b. The Sisal Day's Thawing will b: on Saturday next.

STATE LOTTERY.
Sixth Day of Drawing is Saturday neat. .
DRUMMOND'a 01. VICE, 6s, PLEET-S1 fUIET.
A DRUMMOND recommends an early pugihafe,
4.• as vary few Tickets are left on hand. The Coot adore,
*-trch to their credit. have engaged to provide tin.. Ola•keepaa
with them as long as they have any left:.

Reo7;riiible Rich Wheel :
1 Prize of 35,000 3 Prizes of poor
z - WO= 6 - two
_ _

3 -

1,),C0X)

&e. &c. &e.

Mr). 15,297, n Flan-drawn, oo the kcood day of drawing, =-
toe ti to 5 cl allo No. 5438. a Prise "/"1 Was fold, 16444.
Iva gißercd, at Dattitattotes Ulan.

FOR SACEIII7ZUCTION,
At the Cohous-tissfe, in thb Port, Oa Thwfday the Lath Day of
Febesufft dos, at Two o'Clock in the Afternoon,
THE FOLLOWING GOODS, viz.
Proof. Under Proof.
For Dodos and others. For Private Fendlies only.
Brandy. Soo . Olt
Ra - nt, 32s Oalkos.
Gown, sat, - yB6
Witte Alfo,
- -
Shrub . - s 9 5 i Winos.
Cordhis - .. 3
WWeh have been kind and teplly condemned, and slay be
viewed and the Spirits
fore Days tailed in Ws a'r'c Warebonfe, Two
be Sale.

VEST RIDING OP YORKSHIRE.
TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION.
• .
At Bradford. es Tburfday the sat day of February wane, at the
Houle of Mr. John Wood, the Talbot Inn, between the Hours
AFour and Six In the Aiterssenn,
CAPITAL MANSICIICHOUSE,, called COT-
TINOLIY HALL, Stone at Gottiykr, in the Pula of
late the. relidasse of Hen Efq. ilenand ;
en the Ogeoad Floor, i
.Deeaifaf Room or Library,
Drawing Dieing Room, Asti Roan. tionfekeeper's Room,
Bader% Pantry, armee H*II, Laundry, two very large and
mellow Kftebalsoad a Larder. On the Pirft Fluor, eight el-
egant Lodging Roams and Drafting amnia, and in the Attie
keen good LesiWag Room. wkh an usedihry and convasient at •
inebeetand dessebed Oiliceaditabii lank Horfes,with Hay Chun-
bees owns, fame, aDoulik Granary, Ind Devedsoufe,
Plane and Plantation Oriserids.and Shrubberies, adiebdog. ex-
' leave Walks and Avenues. llothand Bath Hoeft. FM Ponds well
Rocked wkh Carp sod Tao* ice Hook, Plaine and Kitchen
Garden, containing a vansikasdaneolive eelloftion of Rare
Shrubs and Plants. both, mid node, and ?tamed with
*die choir-eft Fruit Tree, both ilinde aod againft Walk, Green.
.Iseofessindlista Sarre, !nide( Stove, Pesch-honk Ybacry, and
Gardeigniude, and a Farm of Rich Arabic and Patton Land ad-
jelling, and well difpefed,la the MO& Rate ofCeltivadon, plea.
featly Stoats ova the Basks of the Stine Aire, commanding
fermi exteneve and pilibwerque %%wed Aire Dale, and forming
altogether, a pindant and Inhabit resdeng for a Genteel Family.
Alto a Meilluege or Dwane/40de at HIS Top, in Cadogley
aforefaid, in the occupation el Mr. Jobs Booth, and hie undar-te-
nant Jahn Sugden with the fisclaus Barn and Miftal, Stables,
and other Out-buildings, Croft, and Farm yard thereto adjoining.
The Eflate is Freehold and Tithe Free, and contains by a
recent forvey and adnicaltuanent 63 ACM, 3 Roods, and at
Perches. and the Matiftoo.baufet is Oteate open a riling ground,
dcband tree from damp, within about Four Miles of the Market
Town of Bradford. Two of Single?, Eight of Orley, Fourteen of
Leeds, and about Hight of Halifax The Poor and other Rates
are remarkably moderate, the Roads good and a repine Poft
pain the Onnevery day. The nosy be aucoinnindated
withimmediate paraffin'.
Several detached Fariiia near to the above Elate, will be fold at I
the fame time.

Put of the IPurebate4fooey may remain upon Security of the
Pretnifea for the accommodation of a Purehafer.
Further Particulars may be bad on application to Media Dyne-
ky and Sons, Gray's Inn • -Mars. Manton and Birch, Chancery-
'lace ; Mr. Hoiden at 11;ildne. near Vortildrc; or to
Mr. liailitoar, Solicitor, lA+dfillb

The order of the day was then moved for ream-
ing the debate on the Spanith papers, agreeably to
adjournment. •
Mr. WYNDHAM and Mr. RAINY rat at the fame
moment, but the Speaker having declared that the
latter Gentleman had firl caught his eye, he was al-
lowed the. cuitomary precedendi.
- He began by apologifing to the Houfe for intrud-
ing on their attention in preference to the other
Right Honourable Member who had offered himfelf
to their notice. But he was anxious to feize that
opportunity of delivering his fentiments, which, in all
probability, he could not cape& to obtain to readily
at a fubfequent hour. The Right Honourable Gen-
tleman who opened the difcnillon had chofen to con-
fine his view of the tubjea principally to one topic I
be felt himfelf called on to adopt another courfe. He
withed firft of all to fay that he confidered the feizttre
of the Spanifh frigates as an aft utterly contrary to
every idea of national honour. Indeed the peruf;l
of the voluminous papers on the table, left on his
mind a (trong impreillon that the meafure was little
better than, an at of piracy. In this light be felt
himfelf bound to view it, whether he looked to pre-
cedents, or whether he refleaed on the fpirit of the
law of nations. He was aware that a Right Hon.
and Learned Gentleman oppofite (Sir J. Nichol)
hat attempted to produce fcveral precedents to jolli-
ty the meafure, but he could not allow that they
were cafes bearing on the queftion ; they were drawn
unqueaionably from a high authority, but they did
not refer to analogous events. He did not deny that
there were caks where holtilities might be commenced
without a pofitive declaration of hoftilities. But while
he admitted this, he maintained that there were no
cafes where hoftilities could be commenced without
a declaration, while important dikuffions were pend
ing betwixt two nationt. Any doarines of the laft
century, to a contrary import, had never been gene-
rally adopted by the heft lawyers, or attempted to be
reduced to practice. There was, indeed, one inflame
which In Many raped' bore a confiderable refem-
blance to the cafe in queltion. The. refemblance
was, however, a very aukward one, and one which
was not to be defendeJ. The cafe was the nefarious
attempt made on the Dutch Smyrna fleet in the cen-
wry before tail. It was well known that this was a
meafure advifed by that cabal, none of whole aftions
were tranfmitted to fucceeding times with greater re-
probation. But even here the Dutch were not fo
much taken by furprife as the Spaniards had been,
when their frigates were feized: It was true, that
there were no difeeffions going forward betwixt the
two countries. But the Dutch Government. were
jedlous of the difpolitions of the Government of this
country, and when the fleet was attacked they were
on their guard, and beat off the attacking fquadron.
The Hon. Member after illuftrating his idea on this
point, fat down by declaring his complete acquia•
cenee in the addrefs.

Mr. BANKS declared his intention to fupport the
addrefs, as he was convinced of the good faith and
moderation which had marked the whole of our ne-
gociation with Spain. On our part was requifite vi-
lance, circumfpeaion and jealoufy 4 on the part of
en we had a right to erpea candour and opennefs
o coihnsunicatiun. He law much appearance of
contrary qualities on the part of the Spanith Govern.
ment, and an unaccountable backwar-'nefs to with-
hold all reafonable.explsnation. At firft Spain was
pacific, andrperhaps, at the time the rupture took
place the aged under a controul which the could
not refill. At the fame time this charge was mani-
fett, and therefore he tupported the addrefs.
The Learned Gentleman then adverted to the
fuppofed convention betivien this country and Spain,
relative to the admifficot of a commutation c.n the
,part of Spain. of pecuniary futtlidy for military and
rural fucoours. He denied the eliflettte of any fuch
vonvention, and affirmed that even no fuch under-
, &wading could lIC Igade out from the Papers befare

•
the Roulet Spain may hate made isle of word."
he ailmhteds that might have been conftrued into
fuch a meanititr, bad any other document at all
countenanced it. .But certainly we were pot ac-
countable for the words which the Span& Govern-
ment might think proper to make ufe of, as w•our-
felves had never admitted that any fuch negotiation
for neutrality ever ftibfifted. So far were Govern-
ment from having entered into any negotiation on
the fubjeft of the Treaty of St. Ildefonffi, that they
bad even no official information on the fubjeft, and
though be could not fay that they knew nothing of
it. he very much quellioned if they knew its con-
tents. That filch a treaty did exia, they mull no
doubt have had Come knowledge ; as fuch an all
done at Madrid, however much care might be taken
by that Government to prevent its meafures from
tranfpiring, could not remain long a feeret. But the
smoaht of the contingents was but rmperfeetly known,
as alfo the precife ftipulated funs in room of thofe
contingents. The refafal of Spain to explain herfelf
folly on this fubjeft, was a clear proof that they had
ffipufated too much, and that the whole treaty was,
of Inch a nature as the was certain could not meet
with the concurrence of this country. Such at leaft
Was the fufpicion which the circurnaances of the cafe
fufficiently warranted.
But nut only had they refilled categorical explana-
tion on a head of filch etfential importance ; they
had gone Itill farther, and rendered the fubfidy, if
pciffible, more hoffile to this country, by converting
this monthly fubfidy into a loan tranfafted at Pans.
The Honourable Gentleman then entered at Coma
length on the hoftile nature of the armaments in the
ports of Spain, the exiltence of which. he maintain-
ed, at the different periods referred to in the docu.
merits, notwithßanding they were denied by fome
Gentlemen fitting near him. He argued from the
faperlor power of France, that a Treaty between
that country and Spain muff aeceffarily preponderate
in favour of the former, and muff therefore be un-
favourable in an equal proportion to this country ;
for whenever two Powers, he maintained, of unequal
ftrength formed an alliance, whether offenfive or de.
fenfive, it might eafily be gueffed of, what nature
were the terms. The ollenfible reafon that had at
left been atfigned for the armaments in the Spanifh
ports was to enable the Government to fopprefs an
onfurreftion in Bifcay. This certainly was a very
fufficient ground for armament, but had it been the
real elute, why &mild Spain have been anxious to
conceal it from this country ? It was for this reafon
that he confidered this allegation as a mere pretext,
and was induced to think that the armament had a
very different °bled. It was not unlikely that it was
defigned to form a part of a combined expedition
againft England. The Honourable Gentleman,
after Come other remarks, concluded by expreffing
his regret for the melancholy event' that had accom-
panied the attack and feizure of the frigates. No
man lamented that cataftrophe more than he did, but
between the meafure and its accidental confequences,
it was only fair to make a diflindion, It was a
meafnre of precaution. As fuiTh it was necelfary,
and as filch, Spain mull be anfwerable for the con-
femiences. It was much to be regretted, however,
that the force employed on that uccafiori bad not
been greater, and by that means prevented all refift-
tance by cru(hing every hope of fuccefs.
Mr. JOHNSTONE went at great length into the
merits of the queltion, examining and comparing the
difpatches, with the other documents in detail. On
a fubjetft fo extenfive. he faid, he fhoutd not have de-
eained the Houfe, bad he not found that not only in
that Houfe there were many, but that there were a
large proportion alfo of the public favourable to the
war. This might be owing, in great meafure, to the ,
martial fpit of the country, but it was ggeneral
fervarion alto, that a Spanifh war in this country was
generally peppier, independently of the groom!,
on which it relied. The Treaty of Ildelfonfo he at.
firmed, was nothing more than a tranferiPt of the fa-
mily compaft, and yet in the war with France it was
not thought fit on that account to go to war with
Spain. The Honourable Gentleman attached tea -
blame to his Majelly's late Minifters in this balite%
than to the prefent Government. He thought, how.
ever, Lord Hawkefbury to blame in not employing
a more proper perfon to reprefent his Majefty's Go-
vernment at Madrid, he meant a perfon of higher
birth and more weight in the country. In regard to
the fubfidy, the Noble Lord in the difpatch of the
month of Auguft, had not expreffed his difapproba-
tion, and for his own part he would maintain that it
was more expedient for this country to permit Spaia
, to give that fubfidy to France, than to have gone
into a war on that account. The fubfidy, it had been
Paid. was more than an equivalent for the Ripulated
fuccours, but though three millions was the fum
Ri-
polared, Gentlemen ought not to forget, that one
million of that film went to the payment of a debt
due from Spain to France, leaving a fum only of
two millions, as an equivalent for the contingents,
which he did not think-more than enough for the
quota of fhips and men tlipulated, and certainly a
much fmaller fum than we thould think necelfary foi
fuch an armament. The argument, therefore, that
the allowance was too much, fell to the ground. It
would now be proper to confider in what light Eng.
land viewed that fubfidy, and for this purpofe they
had Lord Hawkefbury's letter and opinion on the
fubjeft. Lord Ha wkefbary had acted with the great.
eft wifeltin in remonfiraring, but no one he believed
in his Majefly's Cabinet at that time entertained the
remoteß defign of making that fubfidy a muff of war.
Were they to judge from the letters of Mr. Frere, it
would appear that that Honourable Gentleman took
his inftrudiona rather from his Right Hon. Friend,
than trum the Secretary of State. The Honourable
Gentleman animadverted at fome length on the mate.
ner hi which in the correlpundence the different com-
, plaints ha! been taken up and dropt, and particua
• larly that of tht fubfidy. Mr. Frere, after having
taken time to confider of the demand of M. Cevallos,
of a, full explanation, on the rounds of complaint,

all idea of the
.I;thiltly, and only flatei the ar-1

. -
varlam. eat and the fate ofprizes at the grounds of'
.. remonaeance. The 'Renee. therefore, on the fob-
; jell of the fubfidy might fairly be regarded as an
4 abandonment of the principle, and on no pretencr
',old it be afterwards alledged that it was the Of-
. tn of Government to make war on the ground of
If blidies. Spain, be contended, was extremely fair
i t her explanations, and it was evident that the an.
law of that Government, in refped to Portugal, re.
jetted the terms propofed by England. From the
face of the correfpondence, therefore, it WAS evident
that, in the month of May, we had abandoned all idea
of a war with Spain on the grounds of the lublidy.
Here then we came to the armament, and here the
might on the fide of England was not to be denied,
&mild the cafe be fufficiently made nut- But the
probability was, that this armament was for the put.
pofe for which it was Ita•cd. The: e were at lean
good reafour for frying it was not intended again('
England. The Governor of Ferrol had Slated that
its objed was a ferret commiflion, and here the report
flopped ; whereas it ought to have added silo, in
the words of the Governor, that the (hips were ant
balfmanned, and therefore could give no nneatinefs
to any power in Europe. It was not unlikely that
the Governor of Ferrol would have told, as a mere
cover to the real defign, that this armament was in-
tended to quell the rebellion in Ilifcay, had it been
the intention of Spain in contravention to her former
faith, to unite dusk (hips with the French fleet in any
combined expedition again(' this country. That
no fuch declaration was made, although nothing
could have been more favourable to fuch defigns,
mutt be attributed to the honed and ingenuous in-
tentions of the Court of Spain. That the objet was
not immediately avowed, however true, might be
attributed, on the other hand,
.to an hone(' feeling,
which was not by any means unnatural. The Court
of Spain was not fortvard to avow that her fubjeds
were in fuch a Rate of infurredion. Such an avowal
was not immediately to have been expelled, unkfs it
bad been to love fome unfair or intereßed object. In
addition to this, the utter want of preparation in
every other part of Spain was another proof that by
• this partial armament She could have no Inch views
of hoßility, as had been alledged—a want of prepa
cation and a want of vigilance, in great indeed, that
the capture of the frigates, though taken not ten
leagues from their ow coati, was long before it was
known to Them. The Right Hon. Gentleman denied
alto that the mardi of troops by land was more eafy
than conveyance by fee, and that therefore the latter
mode, without frame good reafon, would not have
been relined to. A few hours by tea might accom-
plifb this objeift, whereas feveral days might be ne.
,ceffary by land. He inveighed alto in pointed terms
a Ilion the mode in which a Right Hon. Gentleman
the Chancellor of the Exchequer) bad availed him
are
of a double argument, resulting from an inv er-
Son of the quetlion. It was hardly fair, he thought,
thus in make a monopoly of argument, and by no
means logical to imprefr into his Service bath She ay
guments for and againft.—The Right Hon. Gentle-
man had argued, that it was more for the interell r,f
France that Spain finalist obferve the Treaty, than
that (he Should be at war with this country, and
therefore by being at war with Spain we defeated the
Views of France ; but he did ,not Slop here, he ar.
geed alfn that France, anxious to have the coarpe•
ration of Spain in the war againft this country,
bad induced Spain to adopt fuch meafurca as ren-
dered :he war unavoidable without any with fur ho.
fiilities on our part. This mode of reafoning, he
obferved, war quite irrefutable, as a man was fore
• by fuch means to be always in the right. He objed-
ed, in Into, to the manner in which the negotiations
had been can ied on. In point of policy he condemn.
ed the war in a hich we had engaged. He tainted his
Majelly's Minifiers had weighed the evils on the one
band with the advantages on the other. The refources
of France wete daily riling. The lots of 2,oco,ocicl.
could not be to her a great obje6. So long as Iht cond.
nued to have an armed force of five hundred thoufand
men, (he mug continue to be formidable; and the addi-
tional expense to which the new war would put this
country, mull be more than two millions of which
France has been deprived, labile we had afforded a
pretence to France to introduce troops into Spain,
which might terminate in the dellrudion of that men
narchy,and by this means tend to the aggrandizement
of France, which it was to much our nuerea to pre-
vent. Was it jut, he afked, at the fame time, thus
to expofe the interefls of our ally, Portugal, and thus
to enter into a war that was not jutlifird by circum-
/lances of the Strongest neccflity, without any regard
to her protection or fafety ? The Honourable Gen-
tleman concluded with °braving, that it was rather
curious that we Should break aoh Spain on account
of the fubfirly of t nrn millions, while it was well known
that Portugal had given soo,oool. to the fame power,
as the purchal: of her neutrality, and we bad laid
limiting abnut it. .
Mr. HILEV ,AD.DINGTON fait!, it was not his
intentino to have It:ell:aged this night upon the atten-
tion of the Hoafe, had it not been for the very able
fpecch delivered by an Honourable Member who
fpoke lasi but one (Mr. Banks), to every Sentiment
of which he role to camels his moll hearty concur-
rence. He wilhed to offer a word or two, in anfteszr
to what had fallen from an Hnnoitrable and Learn-

ed Gentleman (Mr. %tine), who had opened this
debate this eveitivg, and who in the conrfe of his
fpeech, had petty clofely folhwed the around that
had been taker. by another Hon. Gentleman (Mr.
Grey), in the debate of lad night. If he did not at-
tempt any anfwer to the arguments of the Hun. Gent
Tiernan who Inolfpokin bit, he hoped it would not'
be imputed to any want of perihnal refped on his part
'for that Hon. Gentleman ; but becaufe molt of thole
arguments flood already refuted in the very able de-
bate of that night, end that he felt relndance in trea
railing long upon the attention of the Houfe, while
engaged in the difeutton of a topic on which fo many
perfons of high talent and confideration were anal-
on; to deliver their fentiments. The Hon. and Learn-
ed Gentleman (Mr. Raine), to whofe arguments
lie wilhed lhortly and principally to apply himfelf,
had endeavoured to thew, by deductions from the
Law of Nations, that his Ma)elty's Miniflers were
utterly unitalitisk in the commencement of the ex-
;fling hotlilities with Spain. He did not pretend to
be competent to contend with the Honourable and
ipon fo estenfive a topic as the
ley, it fectual to requite but

a very moderate Rime of plain fenfe, to draw from
the maxims quoted by that Member, deduaions quite
oppofite to thofe which he had made. He contend.
ed. that upon every principle of common policy,
common jultice, and common fenfe, the treaty of §t.
Ildefonfo gave to Great Britain an unqueflinnable
right to commence holtilities with Spain the very
moment that the war had commenced with France.
The Hon. and Learned Gentleman had laid, that
immediately on that event, the molt decifive Reps
&mid' have been taken to demand from Spain an
explicit and categorical anfwer with relpea to her
intentions and adherence to that treaty, and oblige
her to declare the extent of the contingent the meant
to faritilh. On this point, however, he totally dif-
fered front the Hon. and Learned Gentleman; for
what fort of anfwer could be expected to filch a
toralion, thus abruptly and precipitately prelfed
upon Spain, at 1' critical a moment ; and with loch
an implied menace of an holt& alternative ?CertainlY
not an explicit anfwer, if Spain really intended to
abide by the treaty to its Well extent ; but filch
an anfwer as would have taught the Britifli Govern-
ment to believe, that the would ufe every expedient
in her power to avoid compliance with the treaty,
and to preferve that tranquillity with this country,
which it was fo much her inclination and interell to
maintain : that her Government wilhed to avoid
aging up to the treaty : that they wifhed to gain
time, in hope of a favourable opportunity of affect-
ing their own independence. Such an explanation it
was not probable the Britifh Miniltry could have re•
faired to acknowledge rat the moment as fatisfaftory;
' any, therefore, we Should Rand precifcly on the fame
ground as we did at the early part of the late nego-
ciatiun. The very clear and able manner in which
the conduet of Coe Bridal Government, through the
whole of this negotiation, flood vindicated in the
debate of IA night, rendered it unnecelfary for him
to trefrafs now on the attention of the Horde, by
any additional argument to that purpofe. He was
one of chafe whu had looked up with die mmoll an•
xiety for the production of Chore papers, refpeeting the
dircuffion with Spain, which had been laid before
the Hunfe by his Majefly's Minillets ; and it was
' with the sitrnott plealure and fatisfetion he now
'avowed, that after the molt minute and attentive per.
teal of thofe papers, he was co•ivinc:J, that through- i
out the whole of this negnciation, the fame (pith of
jrill:ce, of moderation, and forbearance ham every
.difpolition to Matility, that had from the beginning
marked the conduct of his Majett)'s Government to-
wards the Spanifit nation, had 11-en fupported, lo
long as hoflilities were avoidable upon any grounds
crinfißent With the honour or the fecnrity of Great
Britain ; and he found on particular, that a letter
had been, in the month of Maher, dilpatched by a
Noble Friend of his, to the Britith Retident at Ma-
drid, which marked to the very latt moment that
difieclination to holtility, that define of amity, and
that fpirit of forbearance and moderation, which
every with of policy, as well as the voice of huma-
nity called for ; and thus made one etFmt more, to
avoid thole extremities which it mutt be the with of
every wife and jail nation to prevent. Feeling, there-
fore, as he did, that the Ihitith tiovernment flood
fully vindicated in the eyes of Europe from any
condoift which could bt'ing upon her refponfibility of
holtile extremities, he fhould nut trefrafs longer on
the indulgence of the Houle, than by intreating it to
paufe, and well confider the confequences, betore it
would content to ado it the Amendment moved by
an Honourable Gentleman LIR night, to the propof
ed Addrefs to his Makfty ; which Amendment was
only calculated to lower the dignity,. and humble the
. fpidt of the national charafter, and unnerve the arm
of every brave Soldier and failor employed in the
wife of his country, by impreffing them with an
idea, that the war, enforced by juflice and inevitable
neceffity, was totowartnnted and dilhosourable, but
which' it mull be the with of the Honfe, and of every
true friend of the Britifh Empire, to fupport with vi-
gour and fpii it, till brought wan honourable and ad-
vantageous
stermination.
Dr. LAWRENCE Paid, that it was•his intention
Jail night to have noticed, in a few fentaees. what
had fallen from his learned 6iend (Sir Jnhn Nicholls).
Had he done fo, at that pfiiod of the night, and ex.
hautted as he and the Hook in general were, he Should
have confined hitnfelf merely to two or three points
which had been touched on by his Learned Friend.
Having, however, this right witnefred the confident
tone in which an Hon. Gentleman who fat betide him
had addreffed the Honfe, in a fpeech almoft every
word of which was built an bold and glaring rnifcon-
ception—when be heard it Rated that Government
had aged throughout with humanity and moderation,
yet with vigilance, alacrity and firmnefs; and there-
fore that Gentlemen were not to fatisfy themftives of
- the truth of filch allegations, WI they Should damp
the public fpirit, he felt I ' fv,lf called on to enter
more at large into the fubjeet, and in the firß place
to enquire if this was really the flotation of that
Houle. that if Minillers chafe to plunge iron a war
on unjuflifiable grounds, they were not entitled to
enquire into the caufes of it, left in fo doing they
Should damp the fpirit of the country ? Hillis was
really fn, he Should with to be informed for what
reafon they fat there, and what was the meaning of
the bundles of papers in the hands of the Members,
and lying on the table of the Houle? The cliftuffions
by which this war had been preceded, were laid by
thole who difapproved of the way in which he
thought, to have been niark.al by uncommon forbear
,atom and, at the fame time, by vigour and energy.
—There was, however, within the ha century, hur
one war in which this country was engaged, in which
.the integrity of Great Britain had beta quellioned,,
• and that was a war againft Spain. From this very
v eafirn ought we to have been particularly cautious of
commencing hollilities againll her,unlefs on theclear
ell and molt undeniable grounds, left our motives
Ibould be queflinned. Spain was at the time to which
he alluded a more powerful nation than the was at
, prefent, and the more were we called on to guard
againfl our integrity being fufpeeleol. When a coun-
try, Hite Spain, rich in pillage and weak in power,
was about to engage in war with a powerful !late,
it was natural to feel fufpicious that her riches and
weakncl might have contributed to involve her in
that fituatinn : and if fo, was it not for the honour
of the country, drat the enures of the prefent conteß
Should be invettigated, and our integrity ettablifhed ?
When the haft treaty of peace was concluded, he had
unequivocally flared as an objeetinn to the recogni-
tion of it the fubfittence of the defenfive treaties be-

'Meta France, Holland, and Spain, and had fubrnit•
ted how far, while fuch treaties exiled, we could, in
'cafe or a new war with France, regard thole other
iewo powers as in a Rate of neutrality. 11Enifiers then
made light of that objection, but they themfelves
Ratted it in the beginning of the prefent dircufEon.—
The Learned Gentleman then went through the dif
ferent points which had formed the fuhjefts of difeuf-
lions in the courfe of the correfpondence, and con
tended that on none of them had our Governtnent put
things in fo clear and regular a Rate as to make them
the legitimate fobjefts of war. By the wavering po-
licy of the late Adminifiration, or by their weaklier,
and imbecility, or by what other name the prefent Mi
niftees chore to term it, the country had unquefliona-
bly been placed in a difagreeable flotation. But had
the prefent Miniftersextricated themfelves or the coun-
try out of it, cr had they not rather added to the am-
biguities and doubts which formerly elided, others of
a more extraordinary and more fatal kind. Lord
Hawkefbuty had, in his communications with the
Spanifh Minifler, recognifed conventions or commu-
nications which were now Rated never to have had
any exigence; and for the refult of explanations for
which Mr. Frere had been referred by the Prince of
Peace to M. Cevallos, Miniflers would n6w refer the
Houle to a letter dated the day before Mr. Frere
had Rated his intention of applying for the explana-
tion l at leaß, if not to be found in that letter, Mini-
Rers did not know where !itch explanation was to be
had. The quellion then which remained was,in what
flotation the faith of the country Rood, in feizing on
the Spanith (hips. without giving any intimation to
that effect. and without any declaration of hollilities?
It had been maintained by the Learned Gentleman
on the other tide, that though no pofitive declaration
of war had been made, there might be a conditional
one. In illuthation of this opinion, the Learned
Gentleman had referred to the inliance of a capture
of Tome Spanilh (tips made by our fleets in the year
i 755, before the declaration of war ; this, however;
was an at for which, by the ben informed and m'oft•
learned men who are accuilomed to judge on matters
of this kind, our Government of that day are highly
cenfured, to ufe no harfher expreffion. The Learned
Gentleman' ton had alluded to an embargo laid on at
that time by the Spaniards on our (tips. He tithed
the Learned Gentleman had read the words in which
that embargo was noticed, as it would have (hewn
that it took place fubfequent to the capture of the
Spanith veffels by our fleet, and was Rated as being
the rearms of laying on the embargo, declaring, at
the fame time, that it would be impale ever after
to trod u'on the eve of a war. This (hewed the
danger of throwing thelmnam ef a country on extra-
ordinary rules of law; and the learned Gentleman
would recoiled, that to rapport his argumerit.he molt
have been able to fheW as many exceptions from the
general rule, which the cafe he had cited could al6ne
be confidcred, as would themfelves make a rule in
favour of his argument. He would alto find that
the author on whom he chit liy built as (Importing hia
ideas cf the law, fpea'ks only, in the paffages alluded
to by the Learned Gentleman, of extreme cafes, and
in general lay? it down, But all people and all
fovereigns of magnanimity will not wage a war which
has not been declared." The Learned Gentleman, he
hoped, would not will, to deprive this country or the
fovereign of this country, of the charader of mag-
nanimity ; though, indeed, he confeffed the opinions
of the Learned gentleman, if taken to be the Ran-
dard by which their conclud was to be regulated,
would have that effed in the fulleß pollible link of
the exprellion.
The MASTER of the ROLLS Paid, that he
would par. by thole points, upon which fo much had
been Paid by his Learned Friend, who had jut( fat
down, and by other Gentlemen in the courfe of the
debate, with refped to particular precepts of the law
of nations, becaufe whatever decition might be made
upon thole point% appeared to him quite immaterial
to the queilion immediately before the Houle. The
queßion now to confitier was not what was or was
not a legitimate tante of war, but what was the fittet-
tion of this country with refpetst to Spain at the com-
mencement of the war with France, or what had been
the conduit of Spain towards this country fince that
period, and whether that conduit was fuch as to jut--
tify the courfe of proceeding which our Government
had adopted, and particularly whether it furnithed
a fair and pofitic•ground for their engaging in dired
holtility? The remote caufe of the war, upon which
tlte Houk was now called on to decide, was the
Treaty of St. Ildefonfo, and the proximate caufe
was the armaments which had taken place in the
Spanifh ports, and the refidal of the Spaniflt Govern,
meet to explain to us Certain poises refpcding which
we had a right to demand a full and fatisfadory ex-
planation It was not denied, but on the contrary ex.
prefsly admitted by the Gentlemen on the other fide
that the Treaty of Ildefonfo furnithed an unquee
tinnable ground of war. and how was that ground
affeeted by any thing that had °centred fince f To
afcettain this it became neeelfary to inquire, fiat,
whether that ground had been weakened or aban-•
doned by any mark of approbation, or acqttiefcence
on our part in the terms of that Treaty ? fecondly,"
Whether any agreement had taken place to fulpend
the etereile of our right to go to war, and what were
the conditions of fuch agreement? thirdly, If loch
agreement 'milted, whether its conditions had been
violated ; and, if fo, what was the explanation re-
quired and received in confcquence of fuels viola-
tion ? That the Treaty of Ildefonfo was as unam•
biguoully as words could exrefs an offenfive treaty,
he thought, could not he queflioned for a mo-
ment. In the hillory of diplomacy he never heard of
any thing more explicitly binding both the contrad-
ing parties to an unconditional offenfive co-t•peration.
It was, in fait, much more decitive than the family
tom alt—for, according to the Bth article, it pre-
cluded the party requiring the execution of le trey
ty from any right whatever, even to inquire as to
the caufe or olljta of the war, which called for the
execution of thts treaty. It therefore clearly formed
a jolt castle of way, but then there was a difference
between the exiitence of a cattle of war, and a refolu-
tion to go to war ; and to this difference we attend-
ed. If we refolved on war. our right to commence
it againa Spain was unimpeachable the moment our
hottility with France began, without any previous
declaration whatever. For there could be no equita-
ble obligation on us to give any notice of our inten-
tion to the Spanifh dovernment which was from
that period virtually in a Rate of holtility with us.—
If it were other wife the Spanith Government, and

that of France alb°, would have had an silvan! .1:-. t
over 115. Such was our right at the commencemc t
of the French war, and that right he could not co,:
ceive to be in the leall dtgree addled by the Ittbil,'
ary treaty between. France and Spain. That tree .) .
which was quite a Riatterof arrangement and cons),
tation between the parties, left us upon the fame for-.
ing as before. Still, however, we declined to clot
our rights, bemire we were rellrained by motives of
policy from fuch exertion. We did not with to go r,.
war with Spain. We did not feel a Spanifh war to he
definable. Therefore, althoOgh we felt great doubt,
of the poffibility that Spain could preferve a com-
plete neutrality with us while we were engaged in ow
with Fiance, yet we determined to make the experi-
ment. This expetiment manifelted the benevolence o
our Government even though the profpeft of force .
to be derived from experienee of the former condo -
of Spain was not at all encouraging. It had, indeee,
been matter ofgteat doubt among out itotefinen wit.
ther, fence the family comprd Spain coal, nit, z
the commencement of war, between this country
and France, long continue neutral ;-d-and ano-
ther very natural doubt antic out of this, whe-
ther we Ihould leave to Prance the choice of the
period when it would fuit her intered bed to put
an end to that neutrality, or elude that period which
might be moth favourable to our own views. In
the war of 1778 all probabilities concurred in in-
ducing our Minifters to fuppofe that Spain would not
join with France against us; but yet, although fuck
tuation was againit the palpable intereas of Spain,
it did take place, and Minifters were cealured
by the Members of Oppofition for being fo blind
as to entertain for a moment a contrary calculation.
Still this was a calculation of fame nature as that
which the Memberr of the prefent Oppofition would
urge the prefent Minifters to perlift in, thrtwithfland-
ing. the altered circtimitanceseif Spain and the mate-
rial difference between the obligations of the family
• compat and that'of the Treaty of Ildefemfo. Gen-
tlemen had obferved that inarations fufficiently chf-
tine and decifive had not been fent to our Ambalfa.
dor at Madrid, with refped to the condo& 'that he
fhould purfue upon receiving an anfwer to the appli
cation he was directed to make to the Spanifh Go-
vernment as to its intention refpelting the execution
of this treaty. Bat he could conceive nothing more
unfounded than that obfervation. -Mr. Prete was
inhaled to afk the Spanifh Miniftry, whether they
meant to execute the obligations of the Treaty' of
.11-
defonfo, and to what extent ? The anfwer he %mild. '
receive, he was to trandrit to this court, without.
delivering any opinion fo the Spaniffi Knitter, as to
die refaltitian which our Government Might be likely
to take upon fuch anfwer. in fuch inaralions there
was nothing fingular I on the-cautery, nothing was
more cgrhnitni than to preferilie foeh a conduit to
Ambaffadors. He recolletied ono hundred inflanees
of limiter letters. To forbid the Ambaffador fruits
forming' any detifion upon the anfwer he alight re-
ceive, could not bt fait( to be inittdition* i for the .
conduit proper to be purfued upon fuck awfwer rhuft
depend upon various cireornitances, of which Go-
vernment would he Molt competent to judge, and
therefore Government was right in refitting to
themielves the deeilion of that tubjeCt. In 176 t the
initiations fent to our Arnbalfador at Madrid, were
precifely limiter to thoft forwarded to Mr. Frere.—
, When that Ambaffador was directed tdapply to the ,
Court of Spain for an explanation of the family'
eompad, his °Me:. was to make no comment on the
explanation he might receive, but to tranfersit it im- .
mediately to this Court—and yet Lord Egremont,
who gave thole orders, was never pronotinced an
inefficient or unwife Statefman. Many other pre-
, cedents of the fame defaiption could be cited to i
warrant the courfe adopted with refped to the
initiations to Mr. Frere, which the Gentlemen on ,
the other fide had fo much complained of for indeci•
Iron. flowerer, it turned out that the anfwer re-
ceived by Mr. Frere was, that an application had
been made by the French Government to Spain for
pecuniary fuccours, in lieu of the (hipping and troops
hipulated for in the Treaty of Ildefonfo. Upon this
propofition, it teemed that an intimation was given
to the Spanith Government that the concurrence of
our Government mull depend on the amount of the
propofed fuccours, and, from the fuldequent conni-
vance of this country in the payment of a certain fuccour
to'France, he übferved that an argument was drawn
which feemed to imply that a nation's declining at
any time to ailed a right was tantamount to the aban-
donment of fuch right. This would be a molt •
dangerous doctrine indeed ; for it would go to thio
that a nation elsould in nn cafe take advantage of the
operation of chances, that it fhould not delay tor
any confederations of policy the affertion of a right.
but at the rift; of toting the right altogether. With ,
refired to the nature of our connivance in the pay r,
ment of the fubildy to France; it was clearly under- k
flood to red upon the performance of certain condi-
tions or the Oft of Spain ; thofe were the ceitation ••
of all armaments in the Spanills ports, and the prn-
• hihition-of the march of ail French troops throo;:!1 /
tire Spanini territory. In rate of a arid conformi y ;.
' to thole condition!, and alto the prevention of the • vt.
fate of prizes in the Spanifb ports, the Spaniard:
~i 4
were to enjoy the advantage of what he would cad ..
a furpenfont of hoflilities, hill bearing in mind, that •
it
we. never gave tip our original right of war. i:
thofe conditions should not he fulfilled. TI ed f-
ferent denominations given to the agreement were
really of little conVpience. M. Cevalos c,,, ed • ,
it a Tieaty of Neutrality, althorigh Mr. Frcrc, ;.: : '1
t)
the letter of the tB•4 of February, prop,,fi!!o .. '
' I that agreement, defcribed it as a propofitioa ,:t!
fotbearance. M. Cevallos, in his anfwer to that ! .•- •
to of the z7th of March, termed it a convention, •
neutrality, but the name was immaterial if the erre, -4. :-
of the thing was ohCerved. There WAS, bowel. .
Come difference in the contirudion of this agteem, •
and upon that point the 'Learned Gentleman v,
fpoke late would loin, that the conitration of t
Spanifh Government ought to have been reee:v.
but this he denied. To os, from whom the prop•
tion originated, belonged the right of defining it.
the Spanifh Government wifhed for a different :
rangement, it was competent to them to propor-
but they could not alter the conaration of t'
which we offered. Ours was a Coyle propoi;
of forbearance open certain fpecified terms, butt:
Spanilh Minifiry thought poper to term it a Con'
tion of Neutrality. This term was, it was to be !
fumed, more grateful to them, and it would be r
boos to quarrel with them about words. We I -

Learned Gentleman, ui
Lavr of Nations; howc,