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THEOLOGY. POLITICAL tEoNolf Y.
VanMildcres Iloykan Lectures Jurold's Viiirrtations on Man
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ruttotony.
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Place Bch Lettrea ineditea de Mimbeau
TIER DRAMA.
Hittorie desOuerres des GE4II4OIE
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Dtrisond's Adrian and err* Lettres fur le-Valais. Eta.
Hook's Teteli l.a Columba Meffsgere
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Lewis's Pendia Tyrants mans
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-.am" OT
poWers tud-isttroilione, as, is the enett
fith—re,:tnidd• korgc tan imtiatation-on eitbee
deration or forkestranni. Tat whielt lutTlt
fume taken piste: invite negociatiens witb the Britilh
Government, appear to have proceeded f, om cattle,
which do not forbid the expeftlation that, during the
coorfe of the feffinn, I may be enabled to lay before
you their final Wire. What will be that of the ne-
gociations for fettling our difference:. with Spain, no-
thing which bad taken place at the date of the la*
difpatches, enables us to pronouace On the Welkin
fide of the Miffiffippi, the advanced in confiderable.
force, and took port at the fettlement of Bayou •
Pierre, on the Red River.. This village was origie
*ally fettled by France, was held by her as long as
lice field Lenifiana, and was delivered to Spain only
as a part of Louiliene. Being foto% infulated, and
ditlant, it was not obferved, at the moment of rede-
livery to France and the Unite.: States, that the con-
tinued a guard of half a dozen men, which had been
fietioned there. A propofition, however, haviwe
been letely made by Our Commander in Chief,ae af-
furae the Sabine River, as a temporary Ene of fepae
ration between the troops of the two nations, until
l,tbe- due of our negneiation Gull be known, this has
been referred by the Saanifh Commandant to his fu•
periur, and in the mean aim: he has withdrawn his
• force to the Western Hie of the Sabine River. The
cnrrefpondence on this lubjeet, now communicated.
will exhibit mare particularly the pteleut hate of
things in that quarter.
The nature of that country requires indifpentible
that an unufual proportion of the force employed
there thould be cavalry or mounted i,efantry. In or-
der, therefore, that the Commanding Officer might
be enabled to aft with effee, I had authorifed him to
call on the Governors of Orleans and Mitlitlippi, for
a corps of five hundred volunteer cavalry. The tern-
porary itirangediett he has propofed,..may; perhaps,
render thts unneeeffary. But I inform you with
great plealure of the promptitude with which the in-
habitants of Clofe territories have tendered their fee.
vices in defence r f their country. It has done ho-
noor to thentfelvei. entitled them to the co;,:idence
of their fellow citizens in every p art of the Union,
and mull lirengthen the general determination to pro-
ted them efficacioutly, uoder.all the circumaances
which may recur.
• Having received information, that in smaller
part of the United States, a great number cf private
individuals were combining together, arming and
organizing themfelves tontrary to law, to carry on a'
military expeditinn ogaintt the territories of Spain,
I thought it neceffary, by proclamation, as well art
by fpecial orders, to take meafures for preveningard
fuppreffing this enterprife, for fettling the 'tads,
arms, and other means provided fur it,aoB for airetl-
ing and brioging to jutlice, its authors and abettors.
It was doe to that good faith which ought ever to be
the rule of akliun in public, as well as in private
tranfailions—it was due to good ander and regular.
government, that while the public force was saing
&MILT on the defenfive, and-merely. to protefit our
citizens from aggreffion, the criminal attempts of
private individuals to decide :or their country the
.queilien of peace or war, by commencing :native and
unauthotired hoailities, thould be promptly and effi-
cacionfly foppreffed.
Whether it will be neceffary to enlarge our re•
gular force, dill depend on the refult of out nego:ia.
tams with Spain. But as it is uncertain when that
refult be known, the provifumal meaforee tbct.ii-
fite fur that; and to meet any 'pante intervening
to that quarter, will be allibjes2 fug your early coo-
fideration.
gs 'I he potTeffion of both banks of the Miffiffippi,
reducing to a tingle point the defence of that river,
its waters, and the country adjacent, it 'incomes
highly :nteeifary to provide for that point a more
adequate fecurity. Some potition above its mouth,
commanding the paffage of the river, thould be ren-
dered fufficiently thong to cover the armed vela*
which may be Rationed there for defence ; and in
cenjnnetiiat with them, to .prefent an infuperable oh-
aacle to any force attempting to pals. The ape
roaches to the city of New Oilcans, from the cau-
-1 ern quarter all., will require to ibe examined, and
more effeanally guarded. For the intetnal fuppott
of the country, the encouragement of a thong letfae,
meet on the welter° fide of the Miffiffippi, to'
reach of New Orleans, • will be worthy the e.enfide.
ration of the LegiOature.
" The gun boats, autberifed by an •of the
Sefton, are fo adyanced, that they 9,19 a read.
'fur fervice in the enfuing Spring. Cie '
cum abitespete
itted It's to allow the neceffary ti'..ne for their nut*
rectrbomichazed
fclid conftruelion. As a much 14e4er number will
for the eau-
he teaming to place our fez Of.:nt towns and *Advil in
are compotere,,
4oci they entitled, a titan appropriation for a foe-
:et aprloeri:ntleorthfen: is recommended
ing year.
is A further appropriation will alto be neeefserfee
repairing fortifications already etiabliffeeJ, an /he,
citation of fuch other works as may have sea bffs..
in obarufting the approach of an enemy
to our Ceari
post towns, tir their remaining before them.
country who CarlitiltiOn is derivedy
.011

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the will bf the people; direr/ ccPreffed by their frei
fuff-ages where the arieciPal executive reqtiOligi*
and thole of the legilloture aie renewed tor them ,at
Ihort periods, where, under the chitaeter of jurors,
they exercife in perfat the greateß portion o(the ju- •
diciary powers, where the laws are confequeatly itt
formed and adminillered, as to bear wnh,..equal"
weight and favour on all, reftrainrng no,rnin id the
purfuits of honeß initiftry, and riming to: eiery
one the property which that acquiret, it ircroldri9t
be ruppored that any fireguards wild be needad•
againit infurreCtian or euterprife on the public peao(
or authority. The laws, however, aware thole
Mould not be truiled to moral rettraints only, have
wifely provided punifhtnent for tittle crimes, when
committed. But would it not be felutary to give
alfo the means of preventing their fortuniffion
Where an enterprife h meditated by prVrate
Inditt-
duale againit a foreign riatton,, in amity- with the
United States, powers of prevention, to a certain
extent, are given by the laws. Would they not be
as reafonable and ufeful, where the eßterprize prepa-
ring is againll the United States ? While adverting
to this branch of law, it is proper to obferve, that in
enterprifes meditated againit foreign nations, the or-
dinary procefs of binding to the obfervance, of the
pea,ce and good behaviour, could it be extended. to
stEts to be done out of the jusifdietion ot tise United
States,
would be effeCtual in fame cafes whet the
Offender is able to keep out of fight every indication
of his purpofe which could draw on him the exer-
cife of the powers now given by law. •
" The Rates on the coati of Barbary kern gene-
rally difpofed at prefent to refped peace and friend-
!hip- With Tunis alone fome uncertainty remains.—
Perfuacled .that it is our interelk to maintain our
peace with them on equal terms, or not At all, I pro-
pore fo fend, in due time, a reinforcement into the
Mediterranean, unlefs previous information (hall
Thew it to be UnDCCadrY•
ed We continue to receive proofs ' of the growing
attachment of our Indian neighbours, and of their
difpofition to place All their intereßs under the pa-
tronage of the United States. Thefe difpofitions
are infpired by their confidence in our juftice, and in
the • fincere concern we feel for their welfare. And
-as long as we difcharge thefe high and honourable
fnnetions with the integrity and good faith which
alone can entitle us to their continuance, we may expel
to reap the jolt reward in their peace and friendfkip.-
" The expedition of Mars. Lewis and Clarke, for
• exploring the river Millburn and the belt communi-
cation from that to ti e Pacific Ocean, has had all
the footers which could have been expetted. They
have traced the Mtfrouri nearly to its fource, defcen-
tied the Columbia to the Pacific Oceaa, afcertained
with accuracy the geography of that interelling
communication acrofs our continent, learnt the cha -
rafter of the country, of its commerce and inhabi-
tants, and it is but jultice to fay, that Meffrs. Lewis
and Clarke, and their brave companions, have, by
this arduous fe: vice, de(erved well of their country.
0. The attempt to explore the Red River, under
the -direltion of Mr. Freeman, though conduCted
with a zeal and prudence meriting entire approba-
tion, has not been equally fuccefsful. After proceed-
ing up it about boo miles, nearly as far as the French
fettfements are extended, while the country was in
their polreffi our geographers were obliged td
return. without completing their work.
Si Very ufeful additions have alto been made to
our knowledge of the Miaiffippi by Lieutenant Pike,
who has offended it to its fource, and whore journal
and map, giving the details of his journey, will
fhortly be ready for communication to both Hooks
of Congrefs. 'Thole of Meffrs. Lewis, Clarke, and
Freeman will require further time to be digeßed and
prepared. Thefe important furveys, in addition to
thofe before poffeffed, furnifh materials for commen-
cing an accurate map of the Milfiillppi and its weflern,
waters. Some principal rivers, however, remain Rill
to be explored, towards which the authorization of:
Congrefs, by moderate appropriations,will be requifite.
" I congratulate you, Fellow Citizens, on-the ap-
proach of the period at which you may interpofe'
your authority, conflitutienally, to withdraw the
Citizens of the United States from all further parti-
cipation in thofe violations of human rights, which
have been fu long continued on the unoffending in-
habitants of Africa, and which the morality, the'
reputation, and the bell interells of our country,
have lung been eager to profcribe. Although no
law you may pats can take prohibitory effeB till the
firft riu of the year 1808, yet the intervening period
is not too long to prevent, by timely notice, expedi-
tions which cannot be completed before that day.
The receipts of the Treafury, doting the year,
ending on the 3oth day of September 1011, have
amounted to near fifteen millions of dollars ; which
have enabled us, after meeting the current demands,
to pay two millions feven hundred thouland dollars
of the American claims, in part of the price of
Louifiana ; to pay, of the funded debt, upwards of
three millions of principal, and nearly four of init.l
tell ; and, in addition, to reimbusfe,in the donde of
the prefent month, near two million*. "Of fiVe and a
half per cent. flock. Thefe payments and reimburfe-
menus of the funded debt, with thote which had
been made in the font years and a hairpreceding.will
at the elate of the prefent year have extingoilhed up-
....

'wards of twenty.tlir ee millions of princip7.l.
• " The duties compoling the Mediterranean Fund
will ceafe, by law, at the end of the prefent feffion.
Confidet Mg, however, that they are levied chiefly on
lissuries, and that we have an impolt on fait, a necef-
trey of life, the free ,ufe of which otherwife is fo
imkiortant, I recommend to your confederation the
fuppreffion of the duties on fah, and the continuation
of the Mediterranean fund inftead thereof, for a (bort
time, aftcr which that alto will become unneceflary
for any pirpofe now within contemplistion.
" When both of there branches of revenue (hall, in
Ibis way, be relinquinsed, there will Rill; 'ere long,
be an accumulation of monies in the Treafury beyond
the inlialment of public debt, which we are per.
mitted by contra& to pay. They cannot then, with•
out a modification oriented to by the public creditors
'he applied to the eat higuifisment of this debt, and the
complete liberation of our revenues, the moil defer-
able of all objeas. Nor, if our peace continues, will
;hey be wanting for any other exitling purpofe. The
queltion, therefore, now comes fOrWard, to what
%other objet thcfc furphiffe, he appropriated. and
The whole furplus of inrpoll, after the entire difeharge
the public debt, And du:ing thole intervals when
purpofes of war not call IA them? all we