Star.
London, England, 1801-10-30 00:00:00

e

)-,

- ha Se* itatmedeti by any
wen 4C
achievements that ever hoovered the Britifh name,
repeaed the higbea praira, as well upon the
Zji,,Jaanh who tompolltd our public force, as oak
thou ganoecomsnaders who direeted its opera-
. Peace eoncloded in the midil of thole
A
brilliant faceefres stared the armlet proofs of
t moderation which bad aauated his Mayfly's
minifter, in puifyis of an event lib- definable a and
be lincerely hoped the Pease to be concluded on the
ground of thekpodisoinartesssigbt be equaltotheir
inoa fenguiae wifbes and expefta li per
;fl ons, for the
acon tranouftitTattdprofpersty or the EAU& Em-
yeaiied th refpe& to tbe fapplies f
echor the causing
alliv to in his Istayftes fpe, he felt it not
ateeffary to trefpafs on the attention of the Houk
by any arguinents arrant, confident as he was
that the Hoak and Countvy mull fee the ne-
ceffity of ample ?applies for the fecavitt of thole
01,jeas contemplated under the Pjeace. 'rhea, was
no man, he hoped, who- could doubt of the moll
economical application of thole fupplies, who
witnefkd the retrenchments. So rapidly carrying
on at raw by his Majeßy's Minißers, in every
department where retrenchment was praCticable,
ionlikasly with prudence and the public fafety.
The concluftao of the Treaty with the Northern
Powers was another topic on which his %joke*
Minitters were entitled to the higheft commenda-
tion. The termination of. that difpute, in a man
aer fo
gloriout for this country, at the monism
when fie was asenaced by the moll alarming clin-
gers; and the cautions which would be exerted
ender the fame wife aufpices, for preventing all
shares and, difputes is curdling there rights to
telly vindicated and aikertained, would, he twitt-
ed, tend m ahe piefervation °flatting harmony be-
tween this country and- the Powers of the North.
Next to the bkßings of Peace, the Noble Lord ad-
verted to the bounteous profpe& of plenty which,
under the aufpicions blellings of Nov:Deuce in
the abundance of the late borne% fo eminently
tended to difpel &oils calamities under 'which the
people of this country hid laboured through the
tall year with fo much laudable refignation and
fortitude; a condo& on their parts which jußly
merited the higheß coMmendation. He trolled,
however, that the preknt happy afpeas of the
country would not tend to relax the duty of thole
whole peculiar coat-ern it was to guard againit and
prevent the return of fimilar calamities in future.
IJpon the whole, when he looked forward to thofe
bleffings which are about to fucceed to the ardu-
ous tingles in which the country has been Is
long involved, and to thofe Minifters-who are the
authors of thofe blelfings, he could net but regard
them with pride and admiration, as having ref-
cued their 'wintry, not only from the alarming
iniferies of external, but dangerous Machinations
and internal enemies, and view them at once as
the faviours of Britith religion and the Britilh
Conilinition. His Lordfliip concluded by moving
an Addrefs to his M4jelty, which. was, as ofuar,
an echo of the Speech from the Throne.
Mr. WOOOllOl/91 rote to feconcl the Addrth,
end olifervedt that after the Very able manner in
Which it rticl been brinight forward by his Noble
Friend, it was unneceeitry for him, 'in riling to re-
mind the Motion, to trelpals long upon the aunt-
Orni of the Houfb, more efpecially as he felt. con-
-6 dent the Houfe was diflacifed to adopt it with the
moil cheerful unanimjty. Whether he looked to
tie dangerous confederacy in t!ie North, which at
the conclufam of lag SelSOn of Parliametst men*.
ted the deareft .intet-efts of this country, or to that
arduous ftruggle with France in which England
had for the lift nine years continued to exhitill her
treature and. her biood, he mutt view with the fin-
cerell pleafure the fortunate • difyverfion of thole
gloomy arpeets, and the termination of the conßia
la. it manner fo honourable to Britifli fame, and
advantageous to Britifh intereßs. He was aware,
to sever, that to anticipate any difcuffion at this
moment upon the fubjed of the Preliminaries,
which at an early opportunity would come fo
much more properly before the Houle, would be
highly premature. He therefore fbould decline
:ay remarks on that fubjea for the prefent. With
refpea to the necefity of calling on the country at
this time for large additional fupplies, he thought
it mull be obvious to every man who confidered
Chit a pe.tce eflablifhment, greater tharskas ever
maint.iined on any fornier occafion;wouldbe indif-
mnfible to our fccurity. But the country would
be amply confoled for this in the affurance it mull
feel of the prudence and difcretion of his %jetty's
Minitltrs, evident in the ceconomical retrenchments
they were already carrying on in every depart-
ment of the public expenditure. The brilliant
ftweeffes which had fo eminently diftinguilled his
Majerly's arms throughout this wan and which
Ultimately led to 'the• attainment of peace, mull
be fclt by every Briton with the proudeft exulta-
tom ; but he could not withhold the tribute of pe-
el'iar priife to the gallant and illuftrious charac.
ter of one individual, the brave and never to be
enough lamented General Abcrcromby, whore
b-rn
. le condo& and brilliant fnceefres in Egypt laid
th. foundation for thofe fubfeonent wiaones achie-
v.:.; by his fellow foldiers ; which more immediate-
1i :eel to the conclulion of an honourable Peace.
'!','ruing his eye from the gallant achievements of
t! Briuth arms abroad, to the coaduCt of the
s.lple at home, hi felt it imporible to bellow ade-
.; ..ite enconsiums upon the unfltaken loyalty, firm-
n• ~ and fortitude, in which they fupported every
e‘r.nce of the war, and every calamity of the
("a-, and for the promptitude and alacrity they
I.ivc to uniformly manifeßed for the defence of
ti!t:r Country and Conttittnion. He fervently
d they might long continue to enjoy the bier-
ling% of that Cuntlieutioa and his &Tardy to es-
i...icnce the alFeCtions Of a grateful and loyal
r- >pie. He concluded by fcconding the motion.
Mr. Fot role, and in a few words exprefled his
l cordial concurrence in the Addrefs to his
.4 'jelly ay= the happy and long &fired attain-
r'.- 'lt of Peace with France. It was an event on
which he defined to eiprefs his fineerell joy and •
cfuliation—an event in which theE
1..34 had the people of ng-
grcateft cattle to rejoice and exult •
f• fir the prefent, he fek it unneeeffary to tref
l•-1• on the attention of the Houk beyond this
fart brit firm* espreilloo.orins* fentiencnt on Ow

sent,
Addrefs.
Mr. Prre Laid, he rote to deliver, in a few
words, his opining in Concurrence with what hod
alreadbyekr . deliveied on the important fubjeet
now the Houfe, and upon which he was '
glad to have the profpeet of unaninnly, a thing
iviiich was not common even on the brit day of a
Setlion. He laid he would not enter at large into
the tranfaaions now before the Houle, and which
his Majefly had announced from the Throne,
either as to the Pacification which had been con-
cluded with the-Northern Powers, or the fignature
to the Preliminaries with France; when either of
the fe topics, and particularly the latter, fhould be
brought forward for difeuftion, he hoped he should
I be found to agree with the Hon. Gentleman wko
had juft preceded him on this occallon, and that
they fhould both expreA their approbation of that
meafure, although it was an approbation which
would proceed perhaps. from different reafons ;
this was not the feafon for the regular difcuffion of
either, and yet he was anxious to dechre the out-
line of his fentiments on both thefe. ineafures, the
which be faw, upon the whole, with great fads-
faetion ; and he would add, that whatever criti.
cifm might be applied to inferior parts of thefe
great tranfadions, or to whatever criticifms they
might be liable,-they were -on the whole, fuch as
afforded matter of great joy to this Country, and
they entitled the Government which concluded
them to efteem and thanks. There was another
topic on which he would !lightly touch—the ter.
mination of the War had been accompanied with
honour to us, for it had given proofs of vigour and
energy beyond any former War, and of atchieve-
menu more felendid, if poflible, than any which
adorned our hiftory sefore this period. This con.
ten bad exhibited, on our part, a continued feries
of an undaunted courage, of an invincible fpirit, of
glorious vi6lories by our Beets and Armies; of
patience, calmnefs, fortitude, and perfeverance in
the People of England in their ftruggle through
the War, and of a dignity of temper at the return
of Peace, which elevated even them in the opinion
of the world; and which qualities procured to them
an honourable iffue to difficulties which they did not
feek.but.which were forced upon them, and which
nothing but their being true to themfelves, as well
as their Reprefeptatives having been true to them
throughout., couldhave enabled them maccomplifh.
Mr. WINDHAM faid; that he fhould have fol-
lowed the Courfe of proceeding held out by his
Hon. Friends on the 1 reafury Bench, as the proper
mode on this occafion, had it, not been for Come-
thing that was thrown out by hi,s Hon. Friend : he
(hould have contented hintklf with giving a fleet
vote of approbation of the Addrefs,had it not hap.
pencil that Come 'things were dropped, which
feemed to imply an approbation of the Prelimina-
ries of Peace. His Friend did not intend it fo, but
froni what he faid, he feeme4 to convey an idea
that all the Members of the Houle approved of
that meafure : he was defirous to give no counte-
nance to opinions to which he did not agent. This
matter being clearly underflood, he fhould have
no dilpotition to fay more this night upon the fub.
jeer, referving the opinion he had formed., and the
reifons he had to rapport it with, to the occafion
that might regularly call for it; which would, he
prefumed, be a day appointed. fbr that purpofe ;
but as his Hon. Friend had gone a little further,
and had given his opinion upon the outline of the
fubjett, Mr. Windham faid, he mull likewife (late
his, which was, unfortunately, as decidedly aain ft
the Peace as that of his Friend was for it. He was
aware that to diltent from any fuch general opinion
as that of his Hon. Friend, was at all times painful
to him, it via, (till moire fo fine that opinion was fo
generally approved of and tupported. He could
have no delight in being a mourner in a fcene of
geberal rejoicing—to wear a countenance of ter-
row while others teemed to fparkle with joy—to
fink into delpairivhile others were lifted up by hope,
was a fingularity not to be envied, nor fhould he be
longer in affigning his reafon for it, than would be
neceffary in order to be underflood'. He admitted
that thole who had entertained oppofne opinions
on the War, might,- as properly remarked by his
Friend, (Mr. Pitt) yet agree in feelings as to the
termination of it. So it was likely to happen that
the Hon. Gentleman oppofite to him (Mr. Fox),
whole opinions were now happily known to his
Country, might agree with his Hon. Friend (Mr.
l'itt) in the termination of this conteft. Although
he agreed with the Hon. Gentleman (hir. Fox) in
his view of the (tate of fags, that this was a Peace
glorious to France, he believed he differed widely
from that Gentleman as to the feelings which
fhould thence arife in the breafts of Engliflunen.
In his view of things (which might perhaps be a
miftalten one) there was no caufe for rejoicing at
the Peace we were about to have; he forefaw that
this rejoicing might be turned into bitter lamen-
tation : thishe laid, becaufe he thought that the
advantages, as tome people called them, which
this Peace would bring with it, would pave the
way to the ruin of this Country. The general il-
luminations were to him no fign of comfort, for
he law no reafonable eaufe foithe people of Eng-
land to rejoice. He mutt, before he dented to
them, afk himfelf, " Are thefe the lights of the
fepulchre, or the tokens of the knell of our lune-
ra, r'—Before I put on my Wedding Garment, I
mull know whether I am invited to the kali, or
the funeral; from the bottom of my heart I think
this precedes the bitternefs of Sorrow and the la-
mentation' of Death. Conlidering the fituation in
which we now (land, I think that the moment my
Hon. Friends figned this Treaty, they figned the
Death-Warrant of their Country ; or, at lead,
they have given it a blow from which I think
it can never recover. He Paid, he knew how un-
pleafant it was to the Houfe, nay, he felt it unplea-
rant to himfelf, to dwell upon obfervations which
were made again his willies, although dietated by
his judgment. He knew the uncertainty of human
arairs, and bow vain it was in man to appear to
prefcribe botintls to the difpenfations of Novi.
noes, the ways erwhich were inviable to human
fight. He could not tell what changes there may
be without and within us—What temper, what
fpirit the People of this and other Countries may
have ;—wkgt mai be ileac for oyr political Cal.
. . v• , e , '''

Any hope, for he. know that hope might eaid when
reafonable confidence was asttinguillied ; and he
knew that exertions ought to be continued after
reasonable crpeaation WAS gone; and, therefore,
he did not with the People of this Country to de-
fpair ; but all he would fay was, that upon no view
be could take of Public Affairs, from no prineple
that he knew, that induced a reafonable man to ;46t,
could he fate to himfelf the way in which this
Country could come out of the difficulty into which
this Peace wo.ild throw it. There was one thing
more which he withed to take notice of; he had
long thought there was only one way, by which
this Country could cfcape from the dreadful elle&
winch we all apprehended from the gigantic Power
of France.; and that was, by preferving the
fu-
periority of our Commerce. It had appeared to him
alto, that there was but one thing wanting for
France, to enable it to extend its Empire, and to
become as much the terror of other Nations by
fea as it had by land, and that was, to extend
its Commerce : this, -in a fatal moment, in his
opinion, we had given to France. How our
ruin could be avoided, he did not know. Others,
undoubtedly, entertained: hopes bow well found-
ed fuch hopes were, time would (hew. AU that he
had hitherto heard upon that Cubjea, appeared to
him to be either very doubtful, or entirely defe&ive.
What might be the effect of what we now Caw, no
man could know, but he apprehended nothing to
us but our ruin. This was nearly all he had to fay,
and which, he apprehended, was called Corby what
had preceded it on this occafion ; he (hould not
have added smother word, if the expreffion of an
" honourable peace" bad not occurred to him. It
need not have been introduced; it teemed to have
been improvidently and impoliticly mentioned
for it was more than was alked. He would not
afk for an honourable Peace ; not that he under-
valued the honour of a nation—no, he thought
honour one of its deareft poffeffitans, but for the
fake of argument, and for that only, he would put
it out of the way, and fay, in this particular cafe,
" Shew me it is a fafe Peace, and I (hall be con-
tented." Now after Paying this, which was cer-
tainly his opinion on this Peace, whether that was
a fubjed of cenfure or a pplaufe, there was certain-
ly no difapprobation of the prefent Addrefsimplied
by what lie laid, although he had no with to dif-
fcmble any fcntiment he entertained; becaufe if
what had gone abroad was true, we were really
driven to agree to this Peace by neceflity. If that
was the cafe, the framers of die Peace on the part
of this Country, had great merit. We were not
to condemn them for what they gave up, but to
applaud them for what they had Caved ; not fir
Ceylon or Trinidada, but for laving to us Pont-
mouth or Plymouth, or preferving Ireland to the
Britith Empire, and for preventing greater humi-
liation. If this was really our Rate, and we made
Peace from neceffity, we mull applaud them for
the Peace, becaufe the value of the Peace would
then be judged of, not from the thing itfelf, but
from the neceffity which gave it birth. That how.
ever was a filbjea which (hould be dileuffed here-
, after; and the queflions would be, how far the
Peace was a Peace of Neceffity ? and, what the
degree of the Necellity was ? for nothing, in his
apprehenfion, could juftify the putting of the State
; into fuch danger as this Peace would, but abfolute
neceflity. This was all he had to fay at prefent
upon this fubjca, except merely to add, that as to
the Addrefs now before the Houle; he concurred
with the two Gentlemen who had juft preceded
him (Mr. Pitt and Mr. Fox) in giving it his affent.
The CHANCELLOR of the Excii Lost a laid, he
hoped his Right Hon. Friend would pardon him,
if he expreffed an opinion that he had gone into
rather more minutenefs than the Quellion now be-
fore the Houle called for, even in his own view of
it, as explained by hind-elf, and particularly at the
conclufion of his fpecch, by which it appeared he
concurred in the Addrefs. The obfervations of his
Hon. Friend were (he would pardon him for fayiug
fo) a little premature; that tubjea was not now be-
fore the Route ; even in his Majefly's moil gra-
cious Speech from the Throne, there was expref-
fed no other feniinsent on the Peace, but loch as
was convey:l by there words : " That his MajFs-
TT MIL the Arrangements will be found condu-
cive to the general Interefts of this Country, and
to the honour of the Britilh Empire." In this
there was no reference whatever even to that fen-
timent fo conveyed from the Throne. Indeed it
would be irregular aid indecorous to ant of the
Route an opinion upon a fubjea not fully before it.
His Hon. Friend very well knew that Preliminary
Terms of Peace had been figned on the part of Ins
Majefly and the French Republic, but the terms
were not before the Houk. His Hon. Friend had
entered into the fubjeL of the Peace, however,
expreffed Tome lamentation over it. He (hould not
follow him in anfwer to what he urged now, al. I
though he might in tome meafore regularly do fo.
Nor (hould he enter into any difpute now upon the
general propofition laid down by his Hon. Friend,
not becaufe he was unprepared,but becaufe another
opportunity would offer for that purpofe. He
(hould then enter on the diteuffion with his Hon.
Friend, but he fhould do it under a painful feel-
ing, for painful it was to him to differ in opinion
from one who had proved himfelf to he a zealous
advocate for, and a virtuous guardian of the Con-
Ritution, and to whom (whatever difference of
opinion might fublifi between them) he wonld add,
the country was under deep obligation for many
great Cervices, particularly when he warned the
country of its danger, when its fafety was at Rake,
and for the efforts he made to preferve it. His
Hon. Friend had laid that we ought to confider
the extenfion of our commerce as the only coun-
ter-balance in our power againft the eaten:ion of
territory of the French Republic. He would not
now refer to the terms of the Peace, fur that he
could not do with regularity, but he would aver, that
all that we had given up, would have afforded to
us no fort of fecurity againft the danger which
was apprehended by his Honourable Fneud. Ile
did not agree with his Hon. Friend on the fubjca
of the extant of the power of Franca, and of our
mode of balancing that power, for he thought the ,
belt counterpode of this country, againa the grow. ,
inf power of France, was in the prefet yawn of oar '

gality and temperance, much wa to be -
'i led :—To the right direction and prefervat ion of
what remained cf the faculties, abilities, and ti-
fources of the country ; and happily much indeed
remained if fuch reroarces, much was to be looked
for as a fecurity for us in time of Peace, for a con-
tinuance of its hleflings. His Hon. Ftiend had
I;ti,f, he fhould ahltain from laying many things,
which would ocour to him to deliver on a future
occalion. Nothing kfs could be expeded from
his liberality, candour, or jufkicea but he hinted
at one thing which ought not to pars without a di-
reel anfwer : he would therefore fay it never was
in contemplation of chore who had the honour of
advifing his Majefly to fign the Preliminaries of
Peace, that what they did, was the effect of ne&l-
-fity. His Hon. Friend had Rated, that Tome un-
known neceffity might have been the caufe.—" I
dirclaim that plea," laid Mr. ADDING-roe; " I
will be no party to filch a ftatement. Ido not
reek my own jultification, %Tor will my colleagues,
I am perfuaded, leek theirs, in any fuch way—
that would be really undervaluing the reroutes% of
our country. If inftead of acceding to the terms
agreed upon, and which are likely loon to be
finally fettled, the enemy had made it neceffary
for us to continue the comet{, we (horrid, I am
confident, have continued the conteft ; and I am
confident alfoa that we Ihould have proved to the
world that we have Rill fufficient faculties and re-
fources to maintain the honour and preferve the
fecurity of the Britifh Empire. I could not for-
bear raying this for the purpofe, chiefly, of dir.
claiming that fpeciesofjuftification which my Hon.
Friend fuppofed to arife out of Necefflty. I hope
my jollification, and that of my colleagues, will be
found in the adual Rate of things, in which, I hope,
it will appear we have had a prudent regard to the
true intereft of our country ; and I aver alto, that
if we had not advifed his Majelly to conclude there
terms, we fhould not only have been wanting in
what we owed to our Conftituents, but of a grofs
perverfion of our duty to his Majefly as the father
of his people."—He then obferved that he should
defer the obfervations he had to make on the pre.
fent (late of the Continent of Europe, as well as
many other topics which would come into difeuf-
lion at a future day ; and obferved that what he
had already laid had been called for by what had
been delivered by his Hon. Friend who had juft
preceded him.
Mr. Su FRIDAN.—I feel no inclination whatever,
Sir, by now riling, to oppofe the general with of
the Houfe, to deprecate all difcuffion of the Pre-
liminaries of Peace, and to wait till that period
when an opportunity will be given to all regularly
to enter on the fitbjeft. The Right Honoitrable
Gentleman bar. Windham) who fpoke lately from
the other fide of the Mitre, having flared hie un.
willingnefs to enter at prefent on this difeutlion; it
was not without conftderable furprife that I heard
him toter fo far into that very difcuffion which he
fet out with deprecating. I (hall certainly vote
for the Addrefs which has -now been moved, be.
caufe it was not, as ufual on fuch occafions, an
exad echo of the fpcech from the throne. There
were words, Sir, in the fpecch which, in my opi-
nion, much to the hendur of thofe who moved and
feconded the Addrefs, are wholly omitted. The
fpeech contained diffinetions ani diameters of the
Peace, which, if they had been re-echoed in the Ad-
drefs, I, for one, have no hcfitation in raying, that
it could not pollibly have received my fepport. As
to the Addrefs of it now (lands, it does not appear
liable to any great objedion, and I have no with
to difturb the unanimity of our vote. Notwithlland-
ing the unanimity, however, with which this Ad-
drefs is paired, I tincerely believe, Sir, that if this
were the time for men to deliver their opinions, if
this were the moment when they were to fpeak out
their real thoughts, there never was a period of
lefs real unanimity (a Ind laugh). The Right Hon.
Gentleman (Mr. Pitt) has fpoken of the Peace its
terms to which I can by no moans agree. I differ
from him in every expreffion by which he charac-
terifed the Peace as glorious and li.oourahle. Still
more do I differ from thofe who contend that it
was inexpedient to make Peace at all. This, Sir,
is a Peace which every man is glad of, but no Man
can he proud of. (el loud cry •if &err! hear !) It
is a Peace involving a degradation of the national
dignity, which no truly Englith heart can feel with
indifference. It is a Peace, Inch as the war had a
tendency to lead to as its neceffary refult. The
war was one of the worn wars ia which this coun-
try was ever engaged, and the Peace is, perhaps,
as good as any man coals! make i thofe ciri um.
fiances in which the country was placed.
Earl TEMPLE, agreeing in the general sentiment
of waving all difcuffion of the terms of the Peace,
expreffed his intention to give the Addrels his
decided rapport. He role only on the prefent
cation to (late to the Houfc that in giving this lop-
port, lie withed it to be underßAW- that he gave
not the fmalleit pledge of his carport of the mca-
Cure of Peace, for lie had no difficulty in laying
that this was a meafure which he could not poffibly
approve.
Mr. JAMES MARTIN erprelTcd his (incere plea.
lure at the peace, but hop:d that his approbation
of the prefent Addrefs would by no means ao
confrued into any thing like an engagement to
give a fingle vote in favour of thole men who had
fo long carried on a war ruinous to their country,
and who had fo materially tra:l4:3 on the Con-
flitution.

The Addrels was then ptit and carried ner-.'ne ton-
traicente. A Committee was elcn ordered to pre-
pare the fame, and lay it bcfcrc the Honk to-
morrow.

Lord HAWKISPURY gave notice that copies of
the Convention with Rutiia, and of the Prelimi-
naries of Peace with the French Republic, would
be laid on the Table to-morrow. He then moved,
that the Preliminaries of Pace !,C taken into cots-
fideration on Titer-day nest, at,-1 the

with Ruffia on Friday.—Agrced to,
made out accordingly.
The CHVICELLOR Of the ExcHaositl
that he would to-morrow move a vote of

Sir John Hely tititch.nfon, the Officers
of the army employe,' in the expatioi
4.tliourned till tq-snorrow.

.....
Convention
and orders
intimates
of thanks to
and troops
In to Egypt.