Star.
London, England, 1831-02-07 00:00:00

MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 7, 1831.

Lave arrived at its present alarming height. And upon the same prin-
ciple, I suppose, we may account in most instances of great national
convulsion, for the usual kind of indiscriminate retaliatory infliction,

by vrhicb any long continuance of unredressed wrongs, bearing upon
numerous portions of a heretofore thriving and industrious population,
at length spreads ruin and destruction over the whole of its in•
habitants."

Mr. Crutwell concludes with his usual good sense and
sincerity, by too briefly noticiug two nostrum palliatives, in
value like a dose of physic to cure a broken leg :
" I here venture to notice two other plans of relief, before the
House of Commoss—Lord Nugent's. on the compulsory employment
of agricultural labourers ; and Mr. Wilmot Horton's, on the promoting
of emigration. Far the Bret, however, it appears to me a little to ex.
teed the province of judicious legislation, to think of enforcing em-
ployment upuo farmers, when there is little beyond certain' loss' to
be earcted from employing labourers in the ordinary way : and welt
I eli nit must condone to be the case while the preterit metallic
standard shiliNie indbeed to ssdtt, paralleng industry in every shape.
to reihrence to the second pies, bt that evil (of the standard) be once
es:reeled. and the supposed ' tedundaney' of population will be bend
only as In the mere relation of cause and effect ; and hence, by remov-
ing the cause the effect will cease."
If Lord Nugent's plan enforced a reduction of rents, and
obliged the farmers to pay over the reduction to labourers,
his plan would be rational; and if Mr. Horton had first re-
divided the large farms, and promoted small ones, he might
then, if the evils continued, without offending public reason,
talk of his panacea of transporting the producing population
and leaving the country in the occupation of the Drones!

A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE ANTI-ASTHMATIC
PROPERTIES OF THE BLADDER-PODDED LOBELIA.

_
(LOULIA DMA/A, LIMO
TO WECH If AUDIO, AN ACCOUNT OT
THE CHIRATITA HERB.
IT RCHAID WC; W.D. PILLOW AT TNT ROYAL COLLZOIt OT

60116101111, ITC. ITC.

The applications which the Author has received for explicit direc-
tions for the exhibition of the different preparations of the Bladder.
g:ifhLobelia (Lobelia Maw). which have been lately recommended
e
elPhysiclans of the United States as specifics for Asthma • in
consequence of their having been noticed by him, In the Monthly
Gaulle of Health. have induced him in this work to publish such in-
structions as to constitutional and topical treatment, which be considers
necesary to insure their specific effects. He asserts that in all the cases
in which the Oxy.syrup or the Ethereal Tincture has been exhibited,
neither of them failed to afford the most eswadal relief; in some, re-
moving every symptom of the malady in a few minutes, and in order
to ensure Its full or specific effects eo the malady, the awe of either
preparation should be gradually increased till it slightly nauseates the
stomach.

Doctor Reece has added a concise account of the Chirayita Herb,
the Indian remedy for indigestion arising from morbid sensibility or
nervousness of the stomach, attended with disorder of the liver, a pre-
disposition to gout, &e. which has lately been administered this
country with sums in nervous or irritative affections of the digestive
organs, after ether stomachic, and the blue pill have failed.
" The genus of plants, of which the bladder-podded lobelia is a
species, was termed lobelia in compliment to a celebrated botanist,
Mathias de Lobel. This species, to which Linnaeus gave the name of
Matt, grows in a wild state, In greet abundance, in several parts of
North America. The leaves and capsules are acrid; the powdered
leaves, in the dose of ten grains, produce nausea. and in the dose of
fifteen grab's often excite vomiting, which is sometimes followed by
profuse perspiration. It also often operates slightly as an aperient.
Dr. Bridault de Villiers recommends the plant to be collected In the
month of August. It appears by the American physicians, that its
peculiar anti-spasmodic, or rather its anti-asthmatic virtues, reside in
all the parts of the plant, but that the root and capsules are the most
potent. This species has lately been found by some eminent physicians
of the United States so very be side's' in reducing the morbid sensi-
bility of the eighth pair of nerves, end the excessive irritability of the
respiratory muscles, on which every variety of asthma is more
or less dependant, as to be considered by them as a specific for the
disease."

Although the Chirayita Herb (by some termed Cherrat-
tah) has been always held in great estimation, as a stoma-
chic, deobetruent, and anti-scrofulous medicine, by the na-
tives of Bengal, and for the last fifty years by the European
medical officers settled in different parts of the East Indies,
it has only been lately introduced into the practice of this
country. It is not alleged to be only a valuable stomachic
or tonic medicine, but it evidently deterges the abdominal
viscera, and on this account its beneficial effects are gene-
rally permanent. It corrects the secretion of bile, as is evi-
dent by the healthy bilious appearance of the floc* and
prevents that accumulation of fasces in the colon, which so
frequently gives rise to a variety of distressing affections,
particularly headache, giddiness, indigestion, flatulence,
piles, glandular obstruction, &c. In fact, it possesses the
very important advantage over all other stomachic medicines,
of purging or cleansing the liver and other viscera, and at
the same time strengthening the stomach ; and, by 're-
ducing healthy chyle, corrects the whole mass of bi.
The Chirayita Herb Dr. Reece therefore considers as a most
valuable addition to the materia medica of this country, he
says it will soon supersede all other stomachic and deobstru-
ent medicines, and render the use of mercury, in cases of
indigestion accompanied with, or dependant on, an over-
loaded or sluggish state of the liver, and in scrofula, un-
necessary.

A PRACTICAL TREATISE on GENERAL or PARTIAL
DEBILITY,

AMISS ORIO1Y•L 011 HRRRDIT•RT, OR /ROM •OR, essai•Tiol,
DMZ IN • TROPICAL maser, RTC.
IT S. ■. 31101131111011, Y.D. •IR 011111111.54.
In this work no treatment, either dietetic or medicinal, is

urged capable of disordering the digestive organs or of in-.
terrupting the sympathetic harmony, the existence of which
between the viscera of the abdomen, &c. is necessary for
the maintenance of health. The ROUND-LEAP CORN EL
iA recommended only when the stomach does not perform its
office, or when the whole system is evidently relaxed, and
the adjuncts are only necessary when the intestines are
sluggish, or when the nervous system is in a state of excite-
ment or debility. The Round leaf Cornel and the adjuncts
are said to he incapable of doing the smallest mischief, being
more innocent than wine, and at the same time much more
' efficacious as a tonic.
• The climacteric disease, or breaking up of the system,
occurs as frequently in premature old age, from dissipation
Ind bad habits, as in a far advanced life. When, therefore,
a local complaint or chronic disease takes place in a subject,
'whose constitution has been debilitated by abuses or by old
age, it should be considered as symptomatic of the climac-
teric malady, and no time should be lost in placing the re-
cruiting orgaus in a state to protect the fabric from the
'threatening storms.
" The honest practitioner, who has given all the class
of Tonics a fair, trial, will acknowledge that' be has often bad
reason to lament a want of such a peculiarly mild and yet
efficacious tonic, remedy, which the Round-leaf Cnitold
'(cforlitis circioata) is represented tahe, by Dr. Robinson, et
zSt. ,Croix, Professors Ives and Norma, and-other eminent
physicians of North America, and *hick the null e;n4tiif
deb that Inve been made with it in tifis unitary, hove most
'UtiftittkplOyccarmed. .Its speedy. beneficial °Sects in hi-
' vigorating the stomach, and in strengthening theerhole
constitution, after the Peruvian bark in all its forms, had,

by oppressing or nauseating the stomach, increased the
complaint, have been so uniform, that Professor Ives and
others have pronounced it to be the " natural tonic of the
human stomach," and the results of ample experience itLthitt
country are assuredly in favour of this opinion.
" In noticing the cases of debility to which the Round-
. leaf Cornel is applicable, the auxiliaries which in some cases
may be necessary to expedite its general tonic effects by in-
vigorating the nervous system, or to remove a local mai idy ;
in describing the particular cases of debility, and in :riving
directions as to an appropriate regimen, with a view of pro-
moting the efficacy of the Hound-leaf Coruel, and ren.ler-
inf..; it permanent, the anthers say they have been glinhtil
~olely by the results of their own experience.
The genus Cornus is distinguished by the following characters :
Flowers, sometime. aggregated in a four-leaved involuctum.
four-toothed. Petals, four, small, broader at the base. Drupe,
inferior. not crowned by the cilia. Nut. two-celled, two-.eedt.l.
—Nuttall.

The following are the species : 1 canaden,is-2. floella-5. cireinsta
—4. sericea-5 uperifolia-6. striata-7. sanguinea-8. alba-9, pa-
neculata--10. alternifol a. Ot this gotta there are also two other WO-
des in Europe and Asia, and two which are common to the old conti-
nent mad America. _

The round-kat Cornet (circirats) is deaignated in many parts of
America by the familiar appell otans of morNain willow and white.
rind Cornel. It ne doubt derived its name from the shape of its leaves,
(circinatus, rounded) as they are more round than these belongb.g w
the other species.
It is a shrub of eight or ten feet in height, and its foliage is
not particularly thick. Its leaves are nearly round and broad, white
and doway beneath. and waving at the edges. Its branches are rough
and warty. About the middle of the year, it produces a small white
flower. and berries of a blew colour. The branches and stalks, when
prepared for grinding or powdering, have rather a quilled appearance.
With. white Interior and a dark exterior. After the bark has beets
powdered, it assumes a reddish colour, has a fine delicate aroma, and
a peculiarly

EARLDOM OF DEVON.
William Viscount Courtenay has presented a petition to
his Majesty, claiming the title and dignity of the " Earl of
Devon ;" which, after having been considered by the At-
torney-General, has been referred to a Committee of Privi-
leges of the House of Lords, where, the case having been
submitted to the Lord Chancellor, it will be brought forward
on an early day. The presumptive heir to the title, after the
demise of Viscount Courtenay, who has no family, is W.
Courtenay, Esq. late member for Exeter, and now the chief
clerk at the table of the House of Lords, and who has to pro-
nounce (in the old Norman French) the Royal Assent to
such Bills as may havepassed both Houses. The case is of
great length, and curious, inasmuch as it claims on a novel
ground. To state the particulars, interesting as they are,
would occupy too much space here ; but it may be briefly
remarked—
That in the Ist Mary, Sir Edward Courtenay Knight, son and heir
of Hail Marquis of Exeter and Earl of Devon, who was executed and
attained in the Slat Henry VIII. was created ad of Devon, to hold
"to 'him and his belts male for ever." by patent. Upon this patent
the claimant's pretensions to the Earldom of Devon, as heir male of
the grantee, are founded ; and the claimant states, at considerable length,
the history of the l'arldom of Devon in the Courtney family, previous
to the grant of it by Queen .Mary In the 9th Edward 111. the King
authorised Hugh Baron Courtenay to assume the title of Earl of De-
von in consequence of inheriting the lands and being the heir of the
family of Redners, Earls of Devon. The title was enjoyed by the
heirs male for six generations, and was forfeited by the attainder of
Thomas, the sixth Earl of Devon, Ist Edward IV. 1461, for lon.
log adhered to the King de facto as well as de ,are, Henry VI.
By that Act (which was declared by Ist Henry VII. to have been
" against all righteusness, honour, and nature," and " inanimate, Sr.
ditious, and alandereus"l, Henry VI, the Queen, the Prince of Wato.,
and fourteen Peers, were *minted ; but the heir of each of those Peers,
who would have succeeded to the tide, were it not .for the furfei,
tore, was ranged to it, excepting the heir of the Earl of Devon.
which originated in jealousies, &e. in consequence of the Earl hey.
ins intermarried with. branches of the Royal Family One of the fa.
wily bad married Margaret, the grand-daughter of Edward I. &c.
Henry Courting, who succeeded to the Earldom, created by Charter rd
3d Henry VIII. was afterwards crested Marquis of Easter, 17th Hen.
V 111.; but the Marquis,:from his near connection with the blood
Royal, became an objectlof Henry VIII.'s jealousy, was attainted of
high treason, and beheaded, which attainder has never been nveravd ;
but as his son and heir, Sir Edward Counenay, was fully restored in
blood, a pedigree is traced through the Marquis for leinours which
ware *4 forfeited by his attainder—namely, the Earldom of Devea.
This Sir Edward Courteney's fate was curious : it is fitnn him that
the title is claimed. He continued an object of suspicion during the
whole of Edward the Sixth's reign, and was confined in the Tow: r ;
but, immediately on the accession of Mary, a patent oared st Emit-
' mond, Ist Mary, 1563, was issued, creating him " Earl of Devon."
This is the patent mentioned at the commencement of the present
very brief outline. Some of the wads of the patent are so unusual,
though adapted to the peculiar circumstances of the ease, as to merit se-
eetion from the crowds of quotations, &e. adduced on behalf of the
present claimant In consideration:" it is said, " of the nobility of
his birth, and his proximity in blood to the Queen, she was ppleased to
create him Earl of Devon, with all pre.eminences, hdhours,
thereunto belonging;" adding, "and further, of our abundent,greee
we will, and by these presenn do grant to the aforesaid now Earl,
that he and his heirs male may have, hold, and inlay; and possess
in all Parliaments and other plan, the same pre-eminence as soy
of the anemias of the said Earl, being heretofore Earls of Deton,
had held or enjoyed."
It is contended that the only point which the claimant has to estab-
lish is that the words " heirs male,'.' in patents of Peerages, have a dia.
diet operation.from the words "belts male of his body.', Hence, the
estion in this am is, whether, supposing that the Queen in.
waded, in' the event of the Earl dying without issue male, that the
Random of Devon should devolve upon the next heir male ?"
This envious quietism is to be iavestipted immediately after the ye.
assembling of Parliament The Atterney.Oeneral, in his notice to. the
King, on this claim, says " that the question, as far as he Is infOrtilid,
has not, hitherto, received any precise determination."

It is computed that the halms profited twelve millions of
pounds sterling by the embarrassment of the sixty thousand
insolvents discharged by the Insolvent Debtors' Court, Mile •
the creditors have received but four millions of farthings !
What a fact to record of the unreformed Parliament, which
refers its legal improvements to committees of lawyers !
ali
itogether the law by arrests, actions, bankruptcy, and in-
vency, gets at least twelve millions per annum, ten of, .
ich might be saved to creditors, if a majority had the
power of accepting the best terms of the debtcr.
The case of Mr. SE DOW IC K, late Read Commissioner
of Stamps, whose dismissal excited much interest, has lately
been revived.—" The case of Mr. SEM:3 WIEX, the chairman ,

of the late Stamp Board, whose letters to Lord WALLACE
appeared in our paper," says the Morning Chronicle, in
speaking of the last Administration, "is a case in point. To
(set uprightly, was to act against all the received notions of
officio' subordination. Individuals, whose integrity and talents •
would be duly valued by an administration like the present,
would, under its predecessors, have ensured annoyance of
every kind, and ultimate dismissal. Government is
happily composed at present of men who give an example
of integrity in their own persons, instead of visiting it on '
others with odium and resentment; and no better pledge
than thii can or need be given of their determination to act
up* to the principles they have so nobly proclaimed."—On
whiCh Cobhett's Register observes, that " Mr. Sedgwick was
diimissed frees his office, and the Board' was broken up to
get rid of him; while a large sum in retired allowances was
thrown as a charge upon the people, only bec.anse•
Mr. Seigwick did' his duty towards that people. He
was a moat clever, a most industrious and a most
intelligent public • offieer.;, he was civil and conciliating,'
outmode t * W
were harf to transact business *with hid).
No charge could be hrought•agaiast.him; Mahe Was known •
to' be ,a men 101.0,51/todaid .ohollaw; ant he ands strenuous•
efforti toifketop to theos ThostAbliFt crimel;
and fot/tWeee *Crimea every effOri Wile make to infikt on him
•tiegradaden and' pecuniary Vainistrywir9ld deserve
overthrovi for nothing sloe than tolerating 'tllb 'abominti
ble procOsffiitpagniinsitiai gentleman. 11110. Selgivick it
• now in thiligetkpf I,44ROPTIowI JAW MON,: end if.s
Ithey.'ll6 bot'llb' him justice, it will, to me, be surpribiug
, indeed."

LONDON.
MONDAY, FEBRUARY 7.

This morning despatches were reeeived at the Foreign
Office from Lard GRANTILLZ, the British Minister at
Paris; and from the Right Hon. Sir CHARLES BAG OT, our
Minister at the Hague.
In the afternoon a conference of the Ministers of the
Five Allied Powers was held at Lord PALMERSTON'S
Office, in Downing-street, where at the same tune a Cabinet
Council was held also.

The Journal of Liege, received this day, gives a letter
from the Dutch head quarters, stating that General Van
Geen has replaced the Duke of Saxe Weimar ;
and the Dutch army is cantonned from Bois Le-
Duk to Wolkenauert, consisting of eighteen thousand five
hundred men, three thousand of which are cavalry ; and the
Belgians, on their side, have about eight thousand five hun-
dred men. It is further stated from Liege, that in case a
union takes place with France, thirty to forty thousand men
will be ready, in the environs of Givet, to enter into Belgium.

We have information from Warsaw to the 22d of last
month, which sets forth that the fortresses of Zamose and
Medlin are completely provisioned. The former contains a
full complement of troops ; and, besides the army which is to
act on the offensive, a corps of reserve is to be posted on the
left bank of the Vistula. There are likewise accounts from
Juliers, by the Mail this morning, stating that Prussia has
ordered a fresh conscript of young men, to complete the war
establishment. This seems to have caused great consterna-
tion throughout the various towns of that kingdom.

The political phenomena connected with Belgium are so
discrepant, that it is not easy to generalize them, or form
from them any plausible theory. The three prominent
articles of intelligence received this day, and so
authentically communicated as to be considered facts,

are, first—that the Belgian Congress has elected
and proclaimed the Duke de Nsmou as as King of
Belgium ; secondly, that the French Government has
refused to recognise the protocol of London ; and, thirdly,
that the same Government has declared, that they will not
accede to the election of the Duke de NIEKOURS to the
new throne. The first piece of intelligence, the election
of the Duke de NEmouss, we have communicated to us
by the French papers, and more fully by the details in the
Dutch Mails. The second piece of intellingence, the rejec-
tion of the protocol, is derived both from the French papers
and the Dutch mails ; and the third, as yet, rests on the au-
thority of private correspondence from Paris, which, how-
ever, we bear rumoured, is confirmed by a declaration on

the subject, by M. TALLBTAAID. Our own COMO.
pondest, in Paris, says, that the rejection by King
PHILIP of his son's appointment, is an undoubted
fact; although, he says, it is likewise believed in Paris as
a fact, that the Kino acts in this raked, contrary to the ad.
vice of several ininential members of his cabinet; and that
if the rejection be persisted in; or is not productive of other
events, materhdly altering Ihe state of Belgi an affairs, or
developing other view. of France, it is not unlikely to
produce a schism In the French Cabinet. 1 •
Oar readers MN observe the pedsliatdesieratisa made in
the Congress, by N. VAX DI WXTXX.. nil *fatty is go-,

nerally admitted to be a man of ability and discernment, and
should know something of the views of those individuals
with whom he bas been treating,
The demi-official rejection of the protocol of London, is
another' fact difficult to reconcile with the good understanding
said to exist between the 'allied non-interventionalists. It
will be seen by our extracts from the Paris Papers, that the
part of the protocol objected to, is supposed to be that fixing
the boundaries of the new kingdom ; but arenot any exceptions
to the protocol rather ominous of a wish to draw off from
the alliance ?—and do not such exceptions become more
remarkable, just at the moment of such a wonderful die-
lay of non-interventional purity, as the rejection of the throne
for the Duke de NEMOURS.

There are politicians in Paris who account for all these
inexplicable facts, by the difficulty of uniting two objects,
which are both aspired after by the French Government—
the one the absolute annexation, in some way or another, of
Belgium to France ; the other, to preserve, while accomplish-
ing such object, the fair fame of the national diplomacy.
Were we quite sure that intrigue was not still seeking
beyond the external declaration of the French Government,
we should argue thus :—The Belgic Congress, intimidated
by the Palais Royals, have chosen the Duke de Nusou as ;
but the Palais Royale had previously declared, that
if he were chosen, the digs ity would not be accepted.
If this prove. not to be a piece of coquetry, and
If this refusal be persisted in, then we agree with M. DE
POTTER, that the wisest course would be to render Belgium
a Republic, and choose a President for four years, in the
person of LA PATZTTI, MERODI, De POTTER, OT VAN
DE WETIR; either of whom would confer the character
of wisdom on the choice of the Belgians.
In the meanwhile, the adherents of the Prince of ORA N o
are said to gather hopes from the conflicting elements which
obscure the horizon.

If we could believe s statement in a Morning Cotempor-
ary, which our readers will find in the " Spirit of the
Journals," diplomacy in another direction is worthy of
attention.

While the large Towns, Cities, and Counties are generally
petitioning for PAILLIAMZNTART REFORM, the Agricul-
tural Parishes are equally active in petitioning against the
TYTHE SUTRA. They do not object to the Church having a
tenth of the Landlord's improved interest,that being his affair;
but they object to the Church taking a tenth of the produce,
which is, consequently, four or five tenths of the Landlord'q

interest. Thus if a Landlord gets 1001. per annum in rent,
or one-fourth of the estimated produce taken as 4001. the
Tycho is 401. or if the Landlord take but a fifth, or 801. the
Tythe still is 401. or half the entire rent. Hence, if the
rental of the United Kingdom be taken at fifty millions, the
Tythes are twenty or twenty-five millions, over and above
Parsonage Houses, Glebes, Surplice Fees, Easter
Offerings, and other collections (often necessary to under-
paid Curates) ; besides the extensive estates called
Church lands in every county, and almost in every parish.
It is therefore against taking one-tenth of the produce, with-
out any advance of capital, and of course, likewise, one-
tenth of all extra capital and produce, that the agricultural
interest complain ; while they are also assessed for the POOR
and even for the REPARATION of the CHURCH, for which
it is contended the tithes were originally granted. Of
course it is one thing to have a tide to a tenth of the land
as a tangible property, and a very different thing to claim a
nett tenth of the produce in futurity, without making those
allowances for labour. capital, seed, manure, &c. &c.
which the landlord snakes on his nine-tenths ; and it ap..
pears to be the object of the Petitioners to demand,
at leist, that the claims for the one-tenth, by the
tythe system, should be exactly proportioned to the claim
for the nine-tenths by the landlord. Nor does this
important question end in mere considerations of rate ; for
it is a fact, not to be dissembled, that from various causes

• majority of parishioners are dissenters ; and it is therefore
contended, that as tythes were granted for the support of
Christianity generally, so all Christian congregations ought
to partake alike in them, and therefore that Dissenters ought
not to be required to pay tythes for a Church of which they
are not members, and also for teachers and buildings which
they support, for conscience sake. In these several respects
then, the question of tythes has become one, to which the
attention of the Legislature will be soon called, and about
which the public expect, and require, some satisfactory
adjustment.

Several provincial printers having communicated with us
in consequence of our repeated observations on the exorbi-
tant and impolitic Duties on Newspapers and Advertimments,
we consider ourselves called on to tender our personal ser-
vices, as a centre of correspondence on the subject, and we
will report progress from time to time. It appears, at pre-
sent, to us, that a meeting in London cannot be held too soon,
with a view to the pending measure of a consolidation of
Stamp Duties. There can be no doubt but a 1 H. stamp, and
Is. 6d. on advertisements, would yield a greater revenue,
while it would inconceivably improve the value of newspaper
property. Communications are requested to be made free of