Star.
London, England, 1831-02-15 00:00:00

have succeeded each other—no hope of amelioration in the
fate of the people is to be expected— the prop advanceo more
than the farmer of the fiscal, paying in The
200,000,000 fr. added in 1815 to the war budget, was suf-
ficient to repair all our roads, to preserve snout canals ; one
sees men consoling themselves for all evils, by saying—the
indemnity costs 1,000,000,000 fr. and the war in Spain
400,000,000 fr. as if one evil wee to be remedied by another
evil. Where will this military mania stop? Who can say?
One hundred years ago, Montesquieu spoke against this
plague. Soon (said he) from the mania of having soldiers,
we shall become like the Tartars, and we shall be all sol-
diers.—Le Temps.
REVOLUTION IN ITALY.

- -
The plan of the revolution of central Italy has a long time
been determined on by the Italian patriots; it became visible
on the 6th or 7th of February at Bologna and Modena, and,
the day following, at Parma, Plaisance, and on the way of
Ancona. It is certain that, on the 7th, Modena and Bo-
logna had raised the standard of independence ; that the
Vice-Logate had fled from Bologna, and that the Grand
Duke, after having resisted the insurgents, had retired with
his family to Mantua. Letters from Milan of the Bth an-
nounce that, for two days, no letter had been received frees
the Pontifical States, nor from Tuscany ; at Milan, even,
there was remarked a great movement in the administration,
and the Austrian couriers coming from Verona succeded each
other rapidly. A report was spread that, on the Bth, the Arch-
Duchess Maria-Louisa bad been chased from these states,
and had gone to Verona to obtain succour from General
Frimont. Our correspondent adds, but without guarantee,
that the Austrian troops at the general quarters have already
been put in march. Two extraordinary couriers, it is said,
have arrived at Lyons ; they were dispatched by M. de
Barante of Turin. We are assured that government has re-
ceived the news that on the 9th the insurrection had made
great progress, and that Lucca had also joined in the move-
ment."—Journal ds Paris.
One is yet without positive news of the insurrection
which has burst out in Italy ; however that which has been
published by the Journals appears to be true at bottom, al-
though we are ignorant of the details. Yesterday it was
believed at the Chamber, that the courier from Rome, who
was the first that brought the intelligence, had been led into
error ; and this idea greatly rejoiced the Centers, that the
news was to scare. To-day this incredulity has ceased ; a
dispatch, transmitted by M. de Barante, our ambassador at
Turin, has come to confirm the first reports. It is said,
however, that the insurgents had not entirely succeeded at
Modena and Reggio. At Bologna, they have established a
provisionary government, and there is strong reasons to be-
lieve that the movement has spread to Imola, Forma, Ri-
mini and elsewhere. This evening a report was spread that
Genoa and other parts of Piedmont bad also raised the stan-
dard of insurrection. All the Piedmontese refugees expect
such an event daily ; but we believe that the announcement
is as yet premature. The least revolutionary movement,
whether it be in Savoy or Piedmont, will be promptly known
otherwise than by vague reports.
EL EV EN O'CLOCK AT NlO lIT.—A courier from the Pope
has arrived at Paris. It is certain that Bologna and Reg-
gio are in the power of the people. They fight still at
Modena ; the troops of the Duke, closely pressed, make a
desperate resistance. Three hundred Tyrolese have been
introduced among the troops, who are in part commanded
by Austrian officers ; every thing causes us to presume
that libsrty will triumph.—Le National.
The insurrection which has appeared in some provinces of
Italy, and upon which there still existed some doubts, is en-
tirely confirmed. A courier despatched by M. de Barents,
has brought the news to Lyons, which was transmitted this
morning to Paris by the telegraph : the intelligence had
reached Turin. It was said at 'Change that a despatch from
our ambassador at Piedmont, announced a movement in that
kingdom. It was an error or premature. Another cou-
rier received, it is said, by the Nuncio, brought the
news that the insurrection which had taken place
at Bologna, had not met with any resistance,
that it had rapidly spread into all the cities of Romagna,
that especially the pontifical emblems had disappeared, that
the troops had boon shut up in their quarters, and that they
would take no part in the business, neither for nor against
the insurgents. It was the same even at Reggio; but, at
Modena, there was a serious conflict between the people and
the troops. The Grand Duke, confined in his palace, had
ordained and effected some arrests, which had served to in-
flame the people ; and, at the departure of the courier, the
two parties were still engaged. Modena is situated between
Bologna and Reggio, and all bids fair to augur that upon
this point also the national party will triumph.—Le Consti-
tittionnel.

RUSSIA, POLAND, AND PRUSSIA.
POLAND, WARSAW, JAN. 31.—1 n the sitting of the
29th of the Diet of Warsaw, the Nuncio Ledochowski pro-
posed that the Chamber should vote an address of thanks to
the members of the Chamber of Deputies of France, naming
specially Lafayette, Lamarque, &Mauguin, for the discourses
which they had pronounced in the sitting of the 15th Jan.
This proposition was sent to a commission. We learn that
the Russian general quarters, near to Bialystock, extends
from the city of Drobitschin unto Grodno. Drobitschin
is twenty-five leagues from Warsaw. On the 25th
of January, they knew not even in that city of the march
of the Russians. Gen. Chlopicki has been invited to
give his word of honour that he will not quit Warsaw. " I
remain here, or I leave according to my pleasure; I will not
give my word of honour." Such was his reply : immedi-
ately his house was surrounded with sentinels, placed, ne-
vertheless, at a certain distance. The news from Warsaw,
of the date of Feb. 6, announce that three Consuls have
been named in the place of the Dictator, Chlopicki, and
that one of them immediately left for Paris, in order to en-
ter upon negotiations.—Le Globe.
PRUSSIAN Po LAN D.—Posen, Jan. 28.—Extract of •
Commercial Letter.—" No one need think, at this moment,
of any commercial affair; there reigns here a general dis-
couragement. Those gentlemen who enjoyed some inde-
pendence have nearly all emigrated, carrying with them
most of their transportable property. An extreme want of
money, and a total stagnation of affairs is the result for the
Grand-Duchy of Posen. Very few of these emigrants have
obeyed the summons which was made to them by the Prus-
sian authorities, to return in a fortnight, under the penalty
of the confiscation of their property. The greater part pre-
fer abandoning their property to the State. They appear
generally convinced here, that the Poles will not yield, and
that they are ready to risk their fortunes and lives in the
hope of becoming a free and independent nation."— Corres-
pondent de Nuremberg.
FRONTIERS OF RUSSIA, JAN. 19.—Immense prepara-
tions are making for the Russian army to enter on the cam-
paign • but it appears, notwithstanding, according to the last
news from St. Petersburgh, that the force of arms will not
be employed until all endeavours to draw the Poles to sub-
mission have been unsuccessful. The Nobles of the Pala-
tinates of Wihm, Grodno, and Byalistock have united forams
days with the Russian commissioners, to deliberate upon the
situation of the kingdom of Poland, and upon the measures to
be takes to re-establish order without the effusion of blood.
We hope much from this union ; the military preparations are
not the less continued with asst, but no part will be taken
till after a certain lapse' of time, and if the Poles persist In
their resistance. The Engem Nicholas had at rst fixed