Star.
London, England, 1809-11-17 00:00:00

given the most Manifest proofs of the elemeney and jostiee lwitht. stenos for building smelting furnaus, and in.general all the other
which he has resolved to govern the inhabitants of the eon,rees productions of the soli of Sweden,
which he has acquired, by generously and of his own spontaneous In return, the Swedes may export from Vinland, cattle, fish,
act, assuring to them the free exercise of tloir i eligion, rights, corn, cloth, pitch, planks, wooden utensils dell kinds, woods for
property, and privileges, big Swedish Majcs:y considers himself building, and in general all the other productions of the soil of
thereby dispensed from performing the otherwise sacred duty of the Grand Derby.
making reservations in the above respects, in favour of his former This traffic shall be re-established and maintained to the leaf
sobjects. 1 (11th) of October, 1811, precisely on the same footing as it was
VII. On the signature of the present Treaty, information there- 1 before the war, and shall be liable to no interruption or hurthen,
of shall be transmitted immediately, and with the greate.t eels-with the reservation of such restrictions as the political relations
I
fity, to the Generals of the respective armies, and hostilities shall i of the two States may render necessary.
entirely cease on both sides, both by sea and land. XVIII. The annual exportation of 50,000 tschetwerts of corn
nose acts of hostility which may in the mean time be • purchased in the ports of the Gulph of Finland, or of the Baltic,
'
committed, shall be regarded as null, and shall not infringe
belonging to Russia, is granted to his Majesty the King of Swe-
tbis Treaty. Whatever may be, during the intervening period,
den free of the export duty, on proof being shewn that the pur-
taken or conquered on the one side or the other, shall be faithfully chase has been made on his account, or in virtue of his authority.
restored. Years of scarcity in which the exportation shall be prohibited
VIII. Within four weeks after the exchange of the Ratifies. are excepted, but the quantity in arrear in consequence of such
order, may be made up when the prohibition shall be removed.
Hone of the present Treaty, the troops of his Majesty the Empe-
XIX. With respect to salutes at sea, the two high contracting
ror of Russia shall evacuate West Bothnia, and repass the river
Tonnes. Panties agree to regulate them on the footing of the most perfect
Durirg the said four weeks there shall be made no requisition equality between the two Crowns. When their vessels of war
of any kind whatever on the inhabitants; and the Russian army meet at sea, the salutes shall take place in conformity to the rank
shall draw its supplies and subsistence from its own magazines es-
of the Commanders, in such manner that be who holds the supe-
rior rank shall receive the first salute, which shall be returned
tablished in the towns of West ..tiihnia. .
ge ,
If during the negotiations the Imperial troops have penetrated Bun for gun. If the Commanders are of equal rank, no salut
in any other direction into the kingdom of Sweden, they shall ova-
shall take place on either side—before castles, fortresses, and at ;
estate the countries they have occupied ha virtue °case before std- the entrance of ports, the party arriving shall salute first, and the
salute shall be returned gun for gun.
pulated conditions.
thisX X.
Treaty, Difficultiessila i
l b owh discussedi I m a
and
dse
settled
opooditnbt s notA mdbeatseur ma! ores d by
r
IX. AU the prisoners of war made on either side, by sea or
land, and all the hostages delivered during the war, shall be res- Ministers 'Plenipotentiary respectively appoiryned, who shall be
tored in mass, and without ransom, as speedily as possible, but at guided by the spirit of conciliation which has dictated the Treaty.
. y
Powers; shall he ratified by the two Contracting
the latest witein three months, reckoning from the exchange of
XXI. phis Treat
four andw l
the ratifications exchanged in proper and due form
the ratifications ; but if any prisoners may he prevented by sick- within weeks, or sooner, if possible, reckoning from the day
nets or other cause from returning into their country within the of the signature of the present Treaty.
period specified, they shall not thereby be considered as having In faith of which we, the undersigned, in virtue of our full
forfeited the right Stipulated above. They shall be obliged to dis-
powers, have signed the present Treaty of Peace, and have thereto
affined our Seals.
charge or to give security for the debts they may have contracted . Done at Friedricksham, this 5-17th of September, in the
during dreir captivity with the inhabitants of the country in which year of Grace, 1809.
COMA NICHOLAS DE ROMANECITT,
they may have been detained.
The expenses which may have been incurred by the high con- i Wan)
Count STALOPED3.
[DIN CK.
traeting parties for all subsistence and maintenance of the priso- A. F. SKJOLDEBRAND.
tiers shall be reciprocally renoenced, and provision shall respec- ABSTRACT OF THE NEW coNsTrryTiorr.
tively be made for their subsistence and the expense of their jour- §1 to 9.—The Government of Sweden shall be monarchical
per to the frontiers of both places, where Commissioners from and hereditary, with limitation to the issue male. The King
their Sovereigns shall be directed to receive them.
must be of the true evangelical religion, and must govern confor.
usably to this constitution, and with and by the advice of a Coun-
The Finland soldiers and seamen are, on the part of his Ma- cil of State (Stars Rad) the members of which are to be appointed
jesty the Emperor of Russia, excepted from this restitution, with by the King, who is wholly txempt from responsibility, but the
reference to the capitulations which have taken place, if they Members are responsible for their advice. The Members must
grant them a different right. The military sad other officers, ns- becuu nativesuc.dsal
ofhl
consistSwiid uen i and. ofm the true evangelical fair',. The
tvz.rForeign the Minister
At
tr,iri sixofState
tives of Finland, who may wish to remain, shall enjoy thet privi- for Judicial Affairs, the Mienistee Members,
of State t
for
loge, and the full exercise of all their rights over their prepertys Counsellors, of %idiom three at least must be civil officers, and
the Chancellor of the Court. The Secretaries of Stare shall have
debts, and effects, which they have now, or may hereafter have In
the kine lons of Sweden, on the footing of th a lothArticle of the sarseetuitivoindtehpearCtooluenoctisl,shwahlienbeevueordany case belonging to their re-
er deliberation. A lather and
present Treaty. a son, or two brothers, cannot be Members of the Council at the
X. The Fitts now in Sweden, as welt as the Swedes now in . same time. There arc tour Secretaries of State, namely, one for
thke Foreign Department, one for the Home Department, one for
Finland, shalt be at full liberty to return into their respective
Exchequere
a or Financial Department, and one for the Eccle-
countries, and to dispose of their property, inovetible and immove- siastical Dp rtment. All the affairs of Government (except the
able, without paying any duty of removal, or any other impost diplomatic or foreign relations, and the immediate command of
due on the like occasions» the army and navy) shall be submitted to the consideration and
The subjects of the two hi gh Powers established in either diecisiofn
the acrd,
the. King, assisted by et least three Members,
secretary,ezclu-
the
n trwhich
a, numbertransaction
ut,
is
business.requiredA
to
oeloinosttio-
country, Sweden or Finland, shall have full liberty to establish tote a Coun.ceitilief g
Stateo
themselves in the other during the space of three years from the shall be made of all the proceedings of the Council, every Mem-
date of' the exchange of the ratification of the present Treaty ; ber present shall be unconditionally hound to give his advice, but
but shall be held to sell or alienate, during the said period, to any the privilege of deciding is vested in the King, who, by virtue of
Ins prerogative, may assent or dissent front any measure, in oppo-
subject of the power whose dominions they desire to quit. sition to the votes or opinions of all the Meroberg. lint in the
The property of those who at the expiration of the above term possible event of the decision of his Majesty being repugnant to
have not complied with this regulation, shall he sold at a public the constitution and laws, the Members are r. quirtd by toe most
solemn obligstion to remonstrate, and in ease any 11iember's °pi-
sale by authority of the magistrate, and the produce thereof delis mon shall not he duly recorded, such Member !MIR be deemed
vered to the owners. guilty of cuuuselling and abetting the Kies 'e nit unconstitutional
During the three years above fixed, it shalt be allowable to all decision.
to make such use as they may please, of their property, the peace- §9 to 13.—Before any appeal can be made to the King in
C•ounci.l, it must he submitted to the Secretary of Stew, and a
able enjoyment of which is formally secured and guaranteed to I. 0 unctl specially appointed for hearing it. Ministerial or politi-
them. tical affairs are to be considered and decided by the King, who i
They may themselves or their agents pass freely from one State in the exercise of his prerogative must take the advice of his Mi- '
conclude ni;:er o f State for Foreign Affairs, and the Chancellor of the j
to the other, in order to manage their affairs, without experiencing
Council, to are responsible for their advice. The King may
any obstacle whatever, in consequence of their quality of subjects .vh I reatiss with foreign powers, after conseltine the sated
of the other power, Mmister of State, and Chancellor. The King, previous to his
XL There shall henceforth be a perpetual oblivion of the past, declaring war or concluding peace, must state to the Council his
ruotivefor so doing, and the Members shall give their opinion on
and a general amnesty for the respective subjects, whose opinions t . vsubject under their own responsibility.
§
in favour of one or the other of the high contracting parties der-13 to 13.-1 he supreme command of the ar.ny and nave is
ing the present war, may have rendered them suspected or liable vested in the King ;as also the ultimate decision in all matters ;
i l
to punishment. No trial ,!,ill leee.trter be instituted against them relative thereto, assisted by the Minister of Stat: ter either scr-
vice, who shall he responsible for their ailvice.
on such grounds. If any process L eds. been commenced, it shall 1§ I 6.—The King cannot deprive, or cause any subject to be !
be annulled and superseded, and no new proceeding shall be corn- deprived, of his life, liberty, honour, or property, without trial i
menced. All sequestrations of property or revenues shall in con- and judgment, nor can lie harass or persecute any persoiefor his
sequence be immediately removed, sad the property shall be re. religious opiniees, provided the promulgation of them, or the ex.
excise of his religion. Ise not injurious to the community.
served to the owners. I: lathe; well understood that such as §l6 to 27.—Relate to the Constitution of a
Council
of Justice,d
become subjects of either of the two Powers, in virtue of the which is to consist of six Noblemen and six
as
also Con wmtsonu eservsu,twheaaure
preceding ankle, shall have no right to claim limn the Sovereign to decide in Judicial affairs. The King has
of whom they beer ceased to be a subject, the annuities or pen- may pardon criminals, and mitigate or commute punishments. !
§ 27 to 31.—The King, in the Council of State, is to appoint !
stuns which may have eten ohtained in virtu aof acts of grace, persons to Civil ant Military offices; as also the Archbishop and
concessions, o; appointments for preceding services. Bishops in the manner formerly done.
XII. The titles, domains, archives, and other documents, pun_ § 32.—Ambassadors, Envoys, &c. to Foreign Courts, are to
lie and private, the plans and charts of fortresses, towns and be nominated by the King, in the presence of the Minister of brace
for Foreign Affairs, and the Chancellor of the Court
territories, devolved by the present Treaty to his Majesty the §32 to 35.—Describe the manner of appointing and Mi-
Emperor
of all the Russias, including the charts and papers which , litary Officers, and what Officers holding situations of ostensible
may be deposited in the Surveyor's Office, s hall be faithfully deli- trust and confidence, may be removed at the pleasure of the King,
vered up within the space of six months ;or it' that period should having previously signified his pleasure to the Council.
§ 35 to 38.—The King cannot remove a Judge from his office,
be found too short, at the latest within one year. except for just cause, and on proof of criminality. The King is
XIII. Immediately after the exchange of the ratifications, the to have the privilege of creating Noblemen,whose eldest sons and j
high contracting Parties shall remove all sequestrations which
choenirlst only are
by
inherits the family title. All decrees must be
I
may have been placed an the property or revenues of the respec- §3B
to 8n d
40.ir a
heeKcrheigtalof l,sutnatte.
quit the kingdom withoutcon.
tire inhabitants of the two countries and the public establish- salting the Council, who, in the event of Isis departure, is logo.
mauls therein situated. vern in his absence.
XIV. The debts, both public and private, contracted by the at §.;10 tod4B.—Declare, that the Prince or King shall be of NO .
sanotFaving heirs male,
. the Diet shall be assem-
Fins in Sweden, and, vice versa, by the Swedes in Finland, shall bled Yl, and
successor. No Prince of the Blood can marry
be dlssharged on the terms and conditions stipulated, without the King's consent; neither the Crown Prince, nor the
XV. The subjects of either of the high contracting Parties, to oltlhhs,offie
erPrinecerss ofthe
can holdeny hereditary office. The King appoints]
a Court and Household.
whom inheritances may fall in the states of one or the other, may § 49.—The States of the Kingdom are to be assembled every
Skte i
li i thepu
impose
without obstacle, take possession of the same, and enjoy it under
sp.sltailie!tpy,e3iae.trtruahate:SodKt—oitncigißkeliceoaglnumnlao.
modeu otafieestecwtiint
the protection of the laws. The exercise of this right, however,gkuMutetmkebecrsousoefutthuef
li:sh
e underi( King
tchaeu
in Finland, I; subject to the stipulations of Article X. in virtue
immediateno cannot e
of which the proprietor shall either fix his residence in the country, States of the kingdom.' guciacreonlutracinuslwoifththine j
or sell the inheritance within three years. the kingdom, nor in foreign countries ; nor can he sell, dispose
t: o:
: e, ev
ra
laul ei e lolfettel:earciyurreprovince belonging to the kingdom, nor alter ;
XVI. The duration of the Treaty of Commerce between the t
high contracting Partiee beirse limited to the 17th (_9th) Octo- •§9O to 94—Provide,r' 'cl?liinat, it the King u • absent
ber, 1811, his Majesty the Emperor of Russia consents not to than a twelvemonth, the Diet must be assembled,con nue
and s etht
the
moreng
reckon its interruption during the war; and that the said
betl. ioformckd thereof. That when the successor is not of age, the
Treaty shall continue in force until the Ist (lath) of February, hist tmminuosrtitye assenkiebulett andic. appoint a Reency to govern during
is eighteen
. years of age, he is to
1818, with respect to every thing not contrary to the dispo- attend time several Courtes olfnglustice, without, however, taking
sitions of the Commercial Manifesto issued at St. Petersburgh, any part in the decisions.
§ 94 to 107.—Explain what is to be
Jannary Ist, 180:i's • hers of the *Council neglect assembling the
ly Diet,
Committee
act contrary
XVII. The territories incorporated with the Russian Empin , -o their duty; end enjoins,.
that at each aut.the
.. shall,
in virtue of this Treaty, being attached to Sweden by conuner- be appointed for inquiring into the conductlet
Ministers,.
fiat rele Council, and Secretaries of State.tions, which long intercourse, neighbourhood, and reci- § 108—Regards a Committee for superintending the liberty of
procal wants have rendered almost indispeusible ; the high core the press.
trusting Parties, desirous of preserving to their subjects these § 108 to 114—State, That no Diet can be of longer duration
. means of mutual advantage, agree to make such arrangements as than three months, except business **hall require it. No
man
I may be necessar) for consolidating them. In the mean time, until wiiile a
fmen.iber of the Diet, can be accused, or deprived of hi:
they conic to an understanding on this subject, the Fins shall have lessliberty,
te ourrtliicisulauertisons or expressione in his respective state, un-
tat
utounwthich he belong shall demand it. No
r the power of importing from Sweden, ore, insetted iron, lime, Officer ofp
the Crown
election of a Member of the influence,
ikc by
his
authority,
in
the
Diet, • •