Star.
London, England, 1830-10-18 00:00:00

for revenge, by blood, is likely to be the cause of its con-
tinuance.

Our correspondent appears confident in his opinion, that a
great tr.oral change, since the first revolution, has taken place
in the minds of the humbler classes in France ; and we have
been reat:v to credit, in some degree, this favourable im-
pression ; particelarly lately, when appearances seemed to
indicate that ti:e enmity to the present Ministry had sub-
sided, and when the introduction of the proposition of
repealing the punishment of Death seemed to be
favourably received by the Chambers am! 1- opular writers ;
but if it be really true, what is now corumunicated as to the
predominating feeling about the unfortunate state prisoners,
we must reluctantly retract, from a persuasion which we have
rather to fear wo bad been induced to entertain, more from
an anxious hope that it might prove true, than from the
sober deductions of our own reason. We are fearf►l it will
be found that since the first revolution no very important moral
improvement has taken place in France ; for the good effects
of improved education, it must bo admitted, oven by the most
sanguine, have had to counteract them, some demoralizing
causes consequent on the disturbed state of the interval.
If we credit the authority of their own favourite sage
VOLTAIRE, converting a people from Agriculturists to
Military, is not the way to cultivate or improve their
moral sympathies. While, therefore, we shall bo most
anxious to hail any symptoms of the advancing
social charities, we would not have those who are influen-
tial in French► affairs, calculae very sanguinely, that cir-
cumstances might not still elicit, even in 1830, more of the
failings of 1789, than would be satisf►ctory. It should bo re-
collected that the early mobs of the first revolution, equally
with those of the present day, were exempt from charges
of robbery, pillage, or individual aggrandisement, in their
violent proceedings ; and the Camille Jourdans, of that
day, were actuated by as ardent and as generous a public
spirit, as can actuate similar agitators now.
One great circumstance now, we hope, renders a fear
of further trouble improbable; and that is, that the
object aimed et by the present Revolutionists is gained ;
and the succession of a liberal constitutional Govern-
ment, without civil war, or foreign opposition, must
satisfy all who are rational in Franco ; and that,
wo hope, includes the large majority. Bat who can be
without apprehension of any people, among whom the su-
premacy of law and constitutional authority is not considered
in full undisputed ascendancy ? We fear, particularly when
we reflect on the National Guard, in the present organiza-
tion of society in France, that their e%its —if we may use
the expression—the impracticability of tranquil Government.
It is, we consider, the first duty of all public writers, to
nurture benevolent relations, between those whom they aspire
to influence; and...itt discussing events in a foreign country, to
be cautious of doing evil if they Ita.:e not virtue
enough to attempt to do good. Some public
writers in this country who are not backward of boasting the
extent of their influential capabilities, and who argued that
much good would result from the British taking an early op-
portunity to express their applause, at the great popular victory
which had been accomplished in Franco—when they must
perceive, on similar reasoning, that the authority of this
country, as expressed in its public writings, could
not but have a favourable effect in tranquillising the
irritated feelings of the French people, and promoting the
cause of tranquil government—on the contrary, have done
all in their power to keep up uncharitable excitement.
The propositions of the virtuous Dnstutt do TRACY, patro-
nized bythe King and government of France, should have been
warmly advocated by every public writer, who dares to assume
the serious responsibility of influencing his fellow men, in
moments of Revolutionary agitation.

FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.

RECSIVED THIS DAT.

PARIS, CCTOBER 16.
Sta—Since my last letter, the law regulating the new fu-
ture government of the National Guard has been brought be-
fore the Chamber of Deputies, and will be immediately carried
into effect. As the nature of this formidable body seems to
be but imperfectly understood in England, I shall proceed to
give an account of its present constitution, and the form
which it will assume when finally established. Hitherto en-
rollment in its ranks has been voluntary, since its re-organi-
ration during the late revolution. There are at present,
about 1,500,000 in the different departments; of France,
and this amazing number of volunteers is divided into
2,500 battalions of foot, 400 squadrons of cavalry, and
100 companies of artillery. Of this number, only
about one-third, 500,000 are at present armed, and
about 320,000 armed and completely equipped. This
latter number is increasing every day. The artillery
and cavalry, being composed of the upper class of
citizens, are well mounted, and the former furnished with
guns. The subalterns and non-commissioned officers are
elected for three years by the men; the superior grades are
appointed by the Government. Lafayette is Commander-
in-Chief of the whole, and, by a delicate compliment,
this office is to die with him, and not be renewed. As st
present constituted, its ranks are filled with respectable trades-
men, domiciled in the different towns, each finding his own
uniform, and arms, at a cost of about eight pounds sterling.
In the village, and the rural communes they have adopted
,what is termed a " Blousi," which is a blue linen frock,
similar to those worn by the peasantry in general, and a
tricoloured sash. This is very convenient, and costs but a
few francs. The different seaport towns furnish their quota,
wearing blue jackets and trowsers, and a leather bat, resem-
bling in shape that of the veteran police officer of London—
Townsend. A red sash finishes their costume. The uni-
forms of the cavalry and artillery are extremely elegant and
costly. These may seem minor details, but among the
young men, who constitute the Bower of this army, they
assume a degree of importance, and, without any offence to
the general patriotism, the privilege of wearing a gay uni-
form, and the aspiration after an epaulette, have been the
moving power of many. On Sundays, I observe many
who are not on duty wear their uniforms to take their
accustomed promenade with their wives and families.
Many have splendid fancy uniforms for evening wear.
Those who remember the volunteer system in Eng-
land, will recollect many parallel cases. With re-
gard to their sudden assemblage on an emergency,
the machinery is &suitable. I will describe it as it
takes place in Paris, and the same system is followed In
the smaller towns, in proportion to their numbers. The
city is divided into twelve arrondissements or wards, to each
of these is appointed a Mayor, a Justice of the Peace, and
four Commissioners of Police, besides many other Aare.