Star.
London, England, 1809-09-14 00:00:00

EDINBURGH REVIEW.

This.,day was published, price 6s.
THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, or CRITICAL
JOUR NAL, No. XXVIII. containing,
The Plan of Reform proposed by Sir Francis Burdett, and a
Letter addressed to John Cartwright, Esq. by the Earl of Selkirk
—An Account of the Empire a Mococco, and the District of
Suse, &c. by James Gray Jackson, Est; —A Descriptive Catalogue
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THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE.
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rTHE FARMER's MAGAZINE, No. XXXIX.
'f
A Periodical Work, exclusively devoted to Agriculture and
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On the Management of Harvest Work—Essay on the Questiost
" What is the best Rotation of Crops fur Light Land, and miller a
Moist Climate r'—Remarks on various Subjects—On the Im-
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with a proposal for collecting the Exuviz of great' Town .
Thoughts on Paper Credit—Reply to the Strictures on Perils,.
shire Husbandry—Dr. Franklin's Idea of the Corn Laws—
Plan fur Impraving the Duke of Buccleugh's Estates in the South
of Scotland—Letter from the West Highlands—Remarks upon
the Dr..ft of a Lease—Report of a Process relative to the Right
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tion is given in a plain and practical manner, neither clouded by
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on Husbetuay, the Rev. Mr. Ham, in his Treatise on Agricul-
, tore, says, " The plain practical author pays his little contingent
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THE EVI,NING STAR.

LONDON.'

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER !IC
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It has been very currently .reported for.these two
days, that changes are about to take place in the
Cabinet. The extent of the change is not yet accu-
rately known, but we have reason to belieiO that die
Duke of PORTLAND is certainly to resign his place of
First Lord of the Treasury, at the head of the Cal-
bir.et. Lord CASTLEREAGH, it is also also expected,
will resign the office of Secretary of State for the War
Department.
Lord BATHURST is talked of as the successor, of
the Duke of PORTLAND; and Marquis Wzza.r.sLET
will, it is said, succeed Lord CASTLEREAGII in the
War Department.
Lord CHATHAM is also expected to resign,. and
Lord LEI-p..ON GOWER, who is now Secretary at War,
will probably be promoted to a higher office.
That the late events in Spain and Holland are the
proximate causes of these changes cannot be doubted;
but whether such undertakings could have prospered
in any hands, may be questioned.
In fact, the people at large have been accessary to
all the misfortunes that have happened, particularly
in Spain. The nation has been mad, and while the
phrenzy shall continue which excites us to prosecute
objects that are morally unattainable, our Ministers
may quarrel, and the people may split themselves
into parties, but nothing except confusion, disaster,
shame, and ruin can be expected, wjioever may have
the management ofsotir public affairs.

Those who have been in the habit of reading our
columns cannot misconceive our object, in speaking
thus plainly.—lf the public shall allow themselves to
be blinded to the true causes which produced the present
distressing crisis, they may expect from the resigna-
tion of certain men an improvement of our circum-
stances—but their expectations will be fatally disap-
pointed.—We repeat it, and we call upon Ministers
and the Country at large to attend to the melancholy
truth ; that our present distress has arisen, in a
gteat measure, from the indulgence of feelings highly
honourable to our national character—a desire to
help the weak, and to free our inthralled fellow crea-
tures from the most atrocious tyranny and oppression.
Our error was not in making the attempt, but in
allowing our judgment to be blinded by our feelings ;
and we assert again, that the whole nation partici-
pated in this folly—and so cordially, that no admi-
n:s..ratioa could have kept its place that would have
dared to oppose, or even to moderate an ebullition
of public feeling, that was 'absolutely tinctured with
insanity.

Why should the truth be disguised ? Why should
any one refuse to participate in the common shame of
common infatuation arising from a feeling that was
common to all ? It is our duty to speak the truth—
we hay e spoken it—long have we spoken it, bu t our voice
could not be heard !—Our error was in sending men
to Spain !—A country pcssessing a respectable popu-'
lation, and determined to be free—is virtually free !
Such a people cannot be subdued by any power upon
earth ! Nor can a nation, in such circumstances,
stand in need of any thing but arms, and military
stores.

But it was soon manifest that Spain was not de-
termined to repel the invader ; that the system was
rotten at the core ; and that her leaders possessed
none of those virtues which ever display themselves
among a people worthy to enjoy the blessings of
freedom, and without which they can never submit to
those privations and sacrifices, or call forth those
energies whick eiM alone secure success i►n such a
• •
struggle.'
All.this was manifest; yet we:ientured tOcommit
one act of folly by sending an army into Spain under
,General Moons. The result might honoured us of ;
our insanity, had we been curably, and yet-we instantly
sent a second army to thrust its services on.the most
contemptible race of mortals in .Europe.
•__

The• change of a few Ministers cannot remedy
theivils that haie been brought upon the nation.
—A change of public sentiment—a change of mea•
sures—a change in the objects of our pursuit, may in
time permit us to recruit the fatal waste that has been
incurred in the prosecution of folly. But if we shall
still talk about " the brave Spaniards"—" the mag-
nanimous Spaniards !"—if we shall still shut our
eyes, nor venture to look at these wretches in their
true character, we shall go on blundering and floun-
dering, till we are completely ruined.

. t

The dispatches received from Lord WELLINGTON

__--------
. : Jotrunday, were dated the 25th ult. and . contain.
,„;,. li ' information which his Lordship had been able
, vd - in, as well as the results of his personal obser-
V; ion; respecting the- military resources of that king-
Arun, the present condition r,f its armies, the proba-
. . hility of. their increase and improvement ; and, in
short, every argument which could be offered either
for (4 against the further prosecution of the contest.

After duly weighing these, Ministers haves it is
af-
firmed, determined to confine our operations for the'
present, to the defence of Portugal.
The troops which have sailed, and are under4i.i
ders to reinforce the army of Lord WELLINGTaN,
are, in consequence, to be landed at Lisbon.

Lettersfrom Holland repeat the report that peace has
been concluded between Austria and France. The date
.now mentioned is the 22d ult. but had such an event
taken place at the time mentioned, we should, proba-
bly, before this time, have heard of rejoicings along
the French coast.—We have no doubt, however, that
great progress has been made in the negotiation, and
we naay expect soon to hear of its being concluded.

At twelve o'clock yesterday his MAJEsry arrived
from Windsor, at the Queen's Palace, where he
was received by the Dukes of YORK, KENT, and CAM-
BRIDGE.

At two o'clock his MAJESTY held a private levee.
The following had the honour of being presented
to his MAJESTY
:
Major-General PAGET, on his return from Portug9l.
Lieutenant-General GROSVENOR, on his return from foreign
service; and Capt. SPARROW, and Capt. BISHOPP, his Aides-du-
Camp.
Sir HCNRY HALFORD (late Dr. VAUCIIIAN), On being created
a Baronet.

Sir JAMES Slum', on his being created a Baronet.
General Rom NSON, en his promotion; and General DISPARD,
on his appointment to the Bth Garrison Battalion.
His MAJESTY afterwards held a Privy Council, and
gave audience to the Duke of PORTLAND and the rest
of the Cabinet Ministers.

At six o'clock his MAJESTY left town for Windsor.

Major-General PAGET, who had the honour of
being presented yesterday to his MAJESTY, recently
lost his arm in Portugal.

Yesterday her MAJESTY, the Princesses AUGUSTA,
ELIZABETH, and SOPHIA, accompanied by the Dukes
Of YORK, CUMBERLAND, and KENT, Ladies ILCHES-
TER, 1. THYNNE, and several Ladies in waiting, pro-
ceeded in the carriages of the Dukes of YORK and
KENT, to inspect the new Theatre, Covent-garden.
The Royal party arrived at the grand entrance in
Bow-street about two o'clock. They were received
by Colonel DESBROW, Messrs. HARRIS, jun. KEMBLE,
SMIRKE, the architect, COPLAND, the builder, and Mr.
BRANDON, and were conducted up the grand staircase
into the Boxes, from whence they proceeded to the
Stage, Pit, Gallery, and through all the different
apartments of theTheatre. The painting, decorations,
and striking objects of the house, were particularly
described by Messrs. SMIRKE and COPLAND. The
Queen and Princesses appeared highly gratified with
the beautiful and elegant style in which the whole
is fitted up, particularly the Green-room, which, in
point of taste and elegance, is entitled to the greatest
adMiration. The Queen took a seat in the Pit, and
the Princesses explored the front seat of the Gallery ;
in short, every part of the Theatre was subject to
their inspection.—Her MAJESTY expressed surprise at
beholding so fine a structure raised in so short a time,
and after the illustrious visitants had satisfied their
curiosity during an hour, they left the Theatre at
three o'clock, and proceeded to the Duke of YORK'S
house, Stable-yard, St. James's, where an elegant
dinner was provided on the occasion. At a quarter
before six, the QUEEN, PRINCESSES, and suite) left
town for Windsor.

The public will rejoice to hear, that the enlightened
mind Of the present LORD CHAMBERLAIN, has em-
braced the views of the numberless patrons of the
Drama, and accorded his sanction for the establish-
ment in this vast metropolis of a third Theatre, whose
chief characteristic is to be English Opera. Colonel
GREVILLE is the person who has obtained the licence
for the above purpose; and he, aware how necessary
it was to have the co-operation of some coadjutor.
well versed in Theatrical business, proposed the half
of his licence, in the first instance, to Mr. ELLISTON,
with this proviso, that he should both manage and
perform. Unfortunately, that Gentleman, from his
prior engagement with Mr. SHERIDAN, could do nei-
ther ; in consequence of which, Colonel GREVILLE
offered the management of the concern, together with
the half of the licence, to Mr. ARNOLD, who, in the
uncontrolled management of the Lyceum Summer
Opera, has proved how capable he is of conducting a
theatrical establishment.

We further learn, that there is an intention of pub-
licly convening together all the Patrons and real
lovers of the Drama, and who are desirous of pro-
moting this undertaking ; but what the public will
learn with the greatest satisfaction, is, that the ad•
mission prices will be the same as those of the pre-
ceding season ; that the size of the theatre will be
adapted to the eyes and ears of the audience, and the
voice of the performer ; and that no foreign actor or
actress, or instrumental turformer, and composer, will form
any part of the new establishment.
As a party of French prisoners were last week con-
ducting past Plymouth Dock-yard, in order to be put
on board a prison-ship in Hamoaze, one of them, on
seeing the UNION and other vessels on the stocks, re-
marked, " You English male much shifts—you male no
more Lord Nelsons !"

On Monday the Officers of the garrison of Dover
gave a Concert at the Assembly Rooms, at that place,
for the laudable purpose of contributing towards the
Fund for the Relief of the Widows and Children of
the Non-Commissioned Officers and Soldiers who so
nobly fell in the late actions in Spain and Holland.
It was hilly attended, upwards of 501. having been
collected, after deducting expences. It is to be wished
that this laudable example may be generally followed.
Saturday a grand sailing match took place at Tor-
bay between eleven sail of the Torbay fishing smacks,
in consequence of three handsome presents given by
Lord COURTNEY ; they all assembled round his Lord-
ship's beautiful yacht Dolphin, and by a signal-gun
from her they all started ; great skill was performed
by the crews of the different vessels ; and after sailing
several leagues, with a fine breeze, in sight of many
spectators, the first prize was won by the Six Sisters,
John Wheaten ; the second by the Samuel and Mary,
Samuel Gorky ; and the third by the Phcenix, Bar-1
nabas Green. The whole concluded with the greatest'
harmony, and. without any accident.
We regret to state that the house of Sir MATTHEW
BLORIIAhI and Co. Bankers, Gracechurch•street, Lon-
don, has stopped payment.

.
1.
' THE LATE EXPEDITION.
• .
PROM TILE ARGUS.
[lt will b ,een from some passages in the following articl2, that
it was written before the intelligence of the surrender of flush-
ing lira reached the French capital.
" The news of the armistice, which arrived at Lon-
don on the 26th of July, has spread' a consternation
over the Ministerial party, which the hope of the suc-
cess of the Flushing Expedition could not efface.—
The opinions of the English Opposition Papers on
this subject appear to us sufficiently curious to ofttr
it to our readers.
" At London, as at Paris, the issue of this Expe-
dition may now be foreseen. The letters which are
every moment received from the North of France,
the zeal which is manifested every where against the
English, who fancied its coast without any means of
defence, have already caused their speedy flight to be
presaged. The delay alone of their first attacks was
a defeat. They could only hope to succeed by a sur-
prise, or by treason. They have lost the first by their
timid procrastination (des lenteurs timides). They have
seduced but one traitor, and soon found thousands of
heroes. Flushing, and the French fleet, might pos-
sibly have been taken, by an unexpected coin-de-main,
but all the vessels are now in safety in the Scheldt.—
Flushing is vigorously defended : succours have been
sent in under the cannon of the English ships ; and,
if this fortress had yielded to an unforeseen attack,
it would have been a short conquest, and produced
only useless disasters. The glorious epoch at which
we live, is far distant from the days when the enemy
held a garrison in Calais. If they have now the
power to destroy, they have not to occupy. Their
whole marine could not prevent Flushing from soon
falling again into the power of France.
" It is notorious, that the British Government wit-
nessed, with profound regret, the opening of the
Scheldt, and the cession of Flushing to France. Mr.
Pitt said, in the House of Commons, that if France
were permitted to retain that maritime and commer-
cial position, they might even abandon to her also the
mouth of the Thames : to which a favourable wind
might in 24 hours transport a French expedition, pre-
pared with security in a vast bason, so well protected
by art and nature.' But victory jias, nevertheless,
secured this fine conquest to France ; which the poll-1
tical faults of Mr. Pitt contributed to, and which all
the genius of his successors will never take away.—
Thus the expence of their immense expedition will be
lost. The Island of Walcheren will be one of the
bulwarks of France ; the Scheldt will be free for the
felicity of her rich northern provinces, and to the per-
petual terror of the Mistress of Me Sear.
" Already national honour calls Frenchmen to the
defence of their insulted coasts. These of the neigh-
bouring departments have not waited the summons of
the Prince and Senate to fly thither. The tempest
thickens round the English: they will stayon the shore
with their sails unfurled, if they do not wish to pay
dearly for the temptation to which they have yielded,
of setting their feet on the French territory.
" We did not wait for events in order to judge
concerning this expedition. It has been ill conceived
and ill executed. As an ally of Austria, it is not
possible that England should not have flattered her
with this diversion. Why then has it been so tardy ?
But if Flushing has been always the object of this en-
terprise, we may infer from it, that the greatest dis-
asters will never cure the British Government of its
incurable selfishness and jealous cupidity, since the
desire of catching a few ships has been more powerful
than the possibility of effecting a diversion more use-
ful to her ally, either in Spain or the North of Ger-
many, in aid of the robbers whom it has in pay there.
On the other hand, if it be true that the knowledge
of the Armistice has deranged the first plan of the
English Ministers, the precipitation was imprudent,
and the changeimay be fatal.
" Certainly it is an affront to the British arms, that
an Expedition prepared at so enormous an expence,
composed of numerous And select troops, trumpeted
forth as one that was to effect a rev:ilution in Euro-
pean affairs, should terminate in the bombardment
of a town ; leaving the field- of battle .to a few garri-
son troops and national guards, without experience in
war. Is it not matter or scandal, that in opposition
to so mighty and costly an,effort, France should:not,
(in spite of the assertions 06 the Engliskipapers) be'
under the necessity of detaching a single man
from her grand armies, and .that the conquerors of
the Danube, should, at the same time, hear of the
insolent attempt of the English and their defeat ? It
is thus that we may judge of thq relative power of the
two nations, and see at what price England purchases
' • that maritime superiority, which is raised on the Ca-
lamities and divisions of Europe."
The Duke of BRUNSWICK OUR is 'ncrof itt.Fiewport
in the Isle of Wight, where he inived *Monday
afternoon. About 1500 of his brave folfoweis are in
that neighbourhood ; 800 more are on their march
thither; these being all, out of 8000 men, who were
able to effect their escape from the Elbe. . The re-
mainder, after reaching the water-side, fen Into the
enemy's hands for want of transports. '• •

When the Duke of BRUNSWICK OEra arrived at
Newport, he was immediately greeted by all the offi-
cers of his legion, and saw a part of the men from
the windows of the Bugle Inn. His Grace is a great
favourite with both men and officers. They continued
huzzaing him for a considerable time, he entering
familiarly into conversation with all ranks, many of
whom, literally, kissed his cheek and chin—a custom
very frequent among the Germans in all manifesta-
tions of affection.

A gentleman who arrived yesterday, after a short
voyage of three weeks from Riga, has supplied us
with some very recent information on the state of
that port, respecting which accounts so very inaccu-
rate were received. There were about 150 ships in
the harbour, laden with Baltic produce, which it was
presumed, from, the advanced state of the season,
would in a few weeks set sail. There was no diffi-
culty about American shipping, nor any disposition
in the public Agents to obstruct American interests,
and therefore a great many vessels of other nations
were consigned to the Consul of the United States, as
the most advantageous means of recommending them
to favour in the offices where their papers were to be
examined. This gentleman, off the coast of Sweden,
met with 20 transports, accompanied by an English
frigate, which, it was supposed, -were conveying
_the'
Russian seamen to their own country
,who were
brought from the Tagus.


AMERICA.

Th 2 Amelia Matilda, Captain GRAtrAlf,
had cleared at New York, to Liverpool, was stoplit.d,
with several other vessels thitt were leaving that pori,
on 12th August, and compelled to give bond that thee
would not go to Great Britain or her dependencies.
A letter from New York of the 12th ult. contains
information, which, if correct, is highly impr.,:rant.—..
It is stated positively that a Treaty between the U 1;.
ted States and France had been concluded, and thi,t
the American sloop the Wasp, was to leave Arn2rica
on. the 16th ult. having on board a Messerger, with
dispatches for the American Charge-d'Affaires at
Paris. We have considerable doubts of the truth
cf
this statement.
The New-York Papers which have been received
to the 13th ult. contain the Proclamation of the pre.
sident, and the instructions to the Collectors of Cus.
toms at the American ports, which we have ahead;
given. The following extract from one of
pers serves to shew the asperity of party feeling ill
America.
" The conduct of the British Ministers has capped the tunist
of atrocity towards this count.aryn.iiss'iFolniewirafisrsiLatictit:etdhe,
wobutzeet:
the Chesapeake, was an injury of the deepest dye, and instead
mainmataiVaadditle:inst"paltrattioolnnjury. Close upon the heels of this
'mission fonowed.the celebrated Orders of November 1 Ithirhich
proditeed, with other causes, the Embargo and Non-intercourse
with England. This, co-operating with the disasters of her art%
produced the arrangement made by Mr. Erskine with ow
Verntnetit
" After this negotiation Congress adjourns in security, wise;
to the astonishment of every honest man, these engagements, it
scilertuily executed as any engagements made by man, aredis.
avowed and annulled, not in part, but altogether, as well tkosi
relative to the Chesapeake as those relative to the Ordersin
Council, in the language of Lord Bathurst, " as wholly maths,
rised !"

" How can thlt he ? Is Mr. Erskine a traitor to his Govern-
ment, a fool, or a madman, thus to commit himself, and to have
acted in a way (in the language of Lord Liverpocl) not only un-
authorised by his instructions, but in direct opposition to them._
We all recollect the language of Mr Erskine, and if we believe
him a man of common honesty, and of the meanest understandi::;;,
we must conclude that he was authorised to make the overtures
he proposed. They were not extorted from him : he was the
first to propose them, and as proposed, .ecrbatim ct litcpdays, they
were adopted by our Government."

The following is considered as an official article;

.)
distinctly
stieoei
mulgaeetnesceeornro.tificeJuly f e 8.
tfwemaatsita;yrinegbstooin'orftln
notice :
gg 1. The arrangements made by Mr. Erskine,
it is said, are not such as were authorized by h;s
Majesty's instructions, " or such as his Majesty ota
approve."
gg Here is an avowal by the British Governme4
of an inflexible purpose, unlimited by time or circum.
stance, either net to make a proper reparationfe the
outrage committed on the Chesapeake, or not to re.
scind the principle of her Orders of the 7th January,
of jah(TF:rroet
hmaailee
and IltkoNovember.
qo The temporary relaxations of the old Orders
in Council are all coupled with one sweeping condi.
tion, viz. a withdrawal of protection from any vessel
that shall attempt to enter any port " actually block.
aded by any of his Majesty's ships of war."
44 IS there not reason to fear that the whole of the
enemy's poets will in this way be blockaded by a na.
val force altogether insufficient for the compkte
vestment fequisite to a legal blockade, and that ves.
sels leaving ports thus " blockaded" will, on theirre-
turn. voyage, be seized on the high seas by British
cruizers, and carried into British ports for adjudica-
p.tion, for a violation of the blockade ? There is the
more reason to apprehend that the species of block.
ade here referred to is not that recognized by the law
of nations ; as, if it were, there would have been no
reason for such a provision.
" 3. The Order professes to indemnify American
merchants, indeed to avoid any interference with
their adventures under the arrangements with Mr.
. Erskine. But this will be found on investigation to
be an idle pretext. The larger number ci American
vessels were destined fur and will have entered Er iti,i:
ports,with conimodities in part meant for consumption
in England, in part for consumption On the Conti-
nent. :The value of their commodities must mateti-
-4111. depend on a sale for them. on the Continent.—
r'rhlti being almost totally cut off by the Order of the
26t1t April,-sribstituted in the room of the previous
Orders, the prices of those commodities in British
ports have actually sunk, and may be expected to fall
much more; and the American merchant, instead of
making a profit, will incur a ruinous loss. A large
portion of these shipments to England were, doubt-
less, meant to be deposited in that country, with a
view to future transportation to the Continent. This
resource being now almost entirely cut off, a great
and steady depression of prices will be inevitable.
44 By the disavowal of the British Ministry, the
Order of April last comes into operation in lieu of
the Orders of January and November, 1807. Now
the Order of April, although otherwise represented ,a
most of the public prints, will be found even more
rigorous and oppressive to our trade than the preccd•
ing Orders. Under these Orders, the direct trade be-
tweak the United States and the Colonies of the ene-
mies of Britain, and from the United States to the
Continent of Europe through a British port, and the
transportation of American produce, cotton except-
ed, through a British port to enemies ports, under
certain conditions were allowed. By the Order of
April they are, with trifling exceptions, interdicted.
The principal trade authorized with the Continentby
this Order is to the ports of the Baltic, allowed, no
doubt, by Britain, for the express purpose of obtain-
ing naval supplies through American bottoms --a
trade which will be likely to be inhibited, as soon as
it is seen to have this effect, and which, independerlO.
of this circumstance, would be of very little value to
us, but a small portion of our produce wi,uld there find
a market. Besides this trade, the Order allows a trade
to the Southern parts of Italy, comprising ad.
a part of the territory of the Church, the whole of
but inconsiderable importance, compared with the
ports of Genoa and Leghorn, in the Northern part of
Italy, with which all trade is interdicted. To ties
may be added a qualified trade to certain parts of
Spain and Portugal, dependent upon their e.ssessio:t
by England, which are, however, too truing and
precarious to be of much value to us. Under this
view of the subject, the arrangements made with Mr.
Erskine, attended by their recent disavowal, will be
found to operate as a mere decoy, the emollient leni-
tives of the Order of May '24 to the contrary no:-
withstanding."