Star.
London, England, 1809-11-23 00:00:00

A POLITICAL VIEW OF EUROPE.

An Article under the above title has recently appeared in a French
Periodical Work, conducted by FAANCOIS DL NEUrCHATEAtt,
one of the French Counsellors of State. We present our Rea-
ders with a translation of this singular performance :

a The following is the result which may be deduced
by the most accurate calculations, from the Treaty of
Vienna, with respect to the population which Austria
cedes and retains.
44 Three years ago her population was reduced,
by the Treaty of Presburgh, from 25,000,000 to
22,300,000. An increase during the peace made the
number of her population 22,600,000 ' • but the ces-
sions now ascertained or indicated by the Treaty of
Vienna, include a population of 2,4,30,000. The true
state of Austria will not be exactly known until the
ceded provinces shall have receiver their new organi-
ation ; but it will not be hazarding too much to say,
that henceforth the population of the Austrian terri-
tories will not exceed 18,000,000.
44 It is not difficult to conjecture the effect which
such a negociation must have produced at Paris, at
Vienna, throughout ail Germany, and in Italy. It
is not difficult to determine the effect which it will
produce in Spain, where it must ruin the last hopes
of the Rebels, and at London, where the Ministers
must soon contemplate in all its magnitude the enor-
mity of the error which they have caused Austria to
commit. The new dispositions which will be the
consequence of this treaty are still unknown. They
are covered with the same veil which concealed the
negociations. One of these dispositions has, however,
been already made public at Milan. It is the incor-
poration of that part of the ceded territory which bor-
ders on the Mediterranean, under the name of the
Illyrian Provinces. An Administrator has already
been appointed for these Provinces ; and the corps of
the Duke of Ragusa, which occupied part of them
before the war, is marching to take possession of
them. The Administrator is M. Dauchy, Counsellor
of State. _ _ _

6, It is not yet known how long the French troops
will remain in the Austrian territories which are to be i
retained by their former Sovereign. If we may judge
from the German papers, a retrograde movement has
commenced; and the corps of the Duke of Abrantes,
which had advanced to Bayreuth, and was to observe
Bohemia, has already begun its march to the Rhine.
The regiments of the Guards, the sailors attached to
the Guards, and who have performed such great ser-
vices, have left Vienna and its environs, and ascended
the Danube. The army of the Prince Vice-Roy has
also broken up. We understand it is destined for the
Tyrol, to support the united Bavarian divisions, which
have advanced into that country without experiencing
any serious obstacles. It is consoling to learn that so
great a force is marching against these fanatical moun-
taineers, as the shedding of their blood will thereby be
the more easily avoided. It is to be hoped, however,
that when informed of the peace and its conditions,
but particularly when they have heard the declaration
of the Austrian Officer who was to visit them, and
communicate to them the real state of things, these
unfortunate people will no longer think it necessary
to continue to give such deplorable testimonies of their
affection to a House which has renounced all its claims
with respect to them. The first intelligence on this
subject will doubtless be decisive and satisfactory.
When Vienna was first conquered, no resistance
was offered by the fortifications. The Austrian Go-
vernment was aware of the inutility and the danger of
thus exposing a capital to die honors of war. When
it was last approached, the Archduke Maximilian con-
ceived, but did not execute, the plan of defending the
ramparts ; which he abandoned after exposing. The
capital of the empire thus experienced some damage,
from the frantic attempt that was made to save it ;
and the French were its real preservers. If, there-
fore, the House of Austria (but Heaven forbid the
idea should be entertained,) recal once more the
French soldiers under those walls, they will then, still
more than on the preceding occasions, be sensible of
the want of a Sobieski. The French will at least find
only an open capital, and a population prepared to
receive them as enemies who have left behind them
honourable recollections.

•• AU the fortifications which surrounded the city,
and separated it from the auburbs, have been under-
mined and blown up. They will be replaced by pro-
menades. Vienna cannot bat gain by the change ;
and an imprt,vement, which its Sovereigns perhaps
never would li.sve thought of during peace, will be
the remelt of the war. This is not the first time that
Vienna has received favours from the French ; and
henceforth it will receive them always as friends, never
as enemies.

44 It is to be remarked that the peace has not
raised the funds, or increased the value of the paper
money at Vienna. The retreat of a great army,
which consumed a vast quantity of provisions and
circulated much specie, must at first necessarily throw
this capital into a state of stagnation very unfavour-
able to the paper-money ; while the completion of
the contributions, and the necessities of the Govern-
ment about to be re-established, will farther tend to
render coin more scarce and paper more plenty.
'The depreciation is then an inevitable consequence
of the peace, and must necessarily prove a source of
embara.sment to the Government, at the very mo-
ment in which its authority in these territories is re-
sumed. This is to Austria one of the unfavourable
results of the Treaty, which she has to add to those
which were stipulated. Under these circumstances,
it :nay be conjectured what pain mist have been en-
dured by the Empress, whose health has greatly suf-
fered. Her temporary residence at Comorn has been
injurious to her, and her death was even annour.ced.
It appears, however, that the life of this Princess is
deq,aired of, and her decease will render the Empe-
ror a third time a widower. The Archduke Charles
is still in retiremelit. The report that his health was
the cause of his resignation is renewed. It is certain
however that the cause is to be found in the inisun-'
derstanding, the hostility, and the reciprocal preten-
sions which have deprived the Austrian Monarchy of
all union, consequently of all energy.
si We know not yet what effect the treaty of Vi-
enna has produced in London. The signature of the
peace having been prematurely published in Holland,
the English have only obtaijed a knowledge of the'
fact. They are acquainted, however, with the na-
ture of the cessions on the Adriatic, or they foresee
them ; for they are already vexed a; the thought; chit

the Emperor is to be henceforth the master of that
sea, and that its navigation and ports are to become
his property and domain.
" As to the treaty with Sweden, the English are
better acquainted with it, and particularly in what
relates to Russia, the Emperor of which they call
their ancient magnanimous ally; but they know not
and they dread the consequences which may result
from this treaty, when the Emperor of the French
shall have declared his intentions. The possession of
the island of Aland, which is transferred to Russia,
appears to them to leave little military security to
Sweden, and little commercial security to England.
" The English speak no longer of Spain, and dare
not venture to talk of Flushing, where only 300 men,
they say, now die weekly. It appears, that it is en-
deavoured to render the people of London insensible
to this melancholy situation of things, and that the
scenes of Covent-garden theatre afford a kind of re-
laxation, which is found very convenient for diverting
the mind of John Ball. We are ignorant of the re-
sult of these burlesque demonstrations of civil liberty,
and these coarse displays of national spirit which set
every thing in a flame, merely to determine whether
Madame Catalani shall have the price she demands
for songs—whether the Theatre shall be open or shut
—whether Mr. Kemble and his family shall or shall
not be ruined ? It is to decide this important dispute
that heavy blows are distributed in the pit, and that
Noble Lords mingle among the champions of both
parties."

THE EVENING STAR.

LONDON.

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 23.

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