Star.
London, England, 1831-08-02 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.

DEATO OF JAMES Mow ume.—One melan-
choly event occurred in the course of the day to
elere:is the hilarity of the public, and mix a decent
gravity with their rejoicings. The venerable James
Monroe., a man loved for his virtues, respected for
I is shilities,and honoured for his services, breathed
Lis rriat at ball-past three o'clock, at the advanced
age of 72. This event occurred at the house of
his son-in-law, Samuel L. Gouverneur, where ho
had resided for nearly a twelvemonth past,

during a great part of which time his health was
obviously and rapidly sinking under an accumula-
tion of infirmities. His death had for several
days been hourly expected ; but it pleased Pro-
vidence to prolong the flickering flame of life, until
the 55th anniversary of that independence of which
be had been one of the principal founders and sup-
' porters, and by it, extinction then, to add another
impressive circumstance to those which stamp the
4th of July as the most memorable day in the his-
tory of the world. By a coincidence which had no
parallel, three of the four Presidents of the United
States who have left the scene of their usefulness
and their glory, expired on the anniversary of the
national birth-day—a day, which of all others, had
it been perniited them to choose, would probably
have selected for the termination of their career;
and a day which happily ems acquires a more hal-
lowed character, by being at once the anniversary
of our national independence. and the death of the
men who stood so conspicuous among those whose
wisdom planned, whose firmness established, and
whose lives and precepts will tend to perpetuate it.
Of Monroe, we may here well repeat what was
:aid in this paper cf Jefferson—' Over the death
of this distinguished man we cannot grieve : he has
gone to his rest on the the day and hour he wished,
after seeing himself surrounded by millions of
grateful human beings, whom he, in common with
the other pittiots of the Revolution, had contri-
buted to render free, and happy, and independent."
James Monroe was born on Monroe's Creek,
Westmoreland County, Virginia, in September,
1758 ; the precise day we have been unable to as-
certain. He was descended from a respectable
Scotch family, distinguished for its loyalty and
patriotism. His ancestor, who came to this coun-
try in 1652, was a captain in the army of Charles
1. and was rewarded for his fidelity with a grant of
land by Charles IL His father was Spence Monroe,
a farmer in the county of AVestmoreland. His
mother was a sitter of the late Judge Jones, of
Virginia.

James Monroe vas educated at the college of
William and Mary, and subsequently studied law in
the office of Mr. Jefferson. On the first breaking
out of the revolution he entered the army as a vo-
lunteer, and before he was eighteen years old had
encounterered all the rigours and privations of the
camp. He accompanied General Washington in
his celebrated retreat through New Jersey, and vo-
lunteered to join in the attack on the Hessians at
Trenton. He was at that period a Lieutenant in the
company of Captain ‘Va.,hington, and on the fall
of his supciior, was called upon to nssume the
command. He was subsequently wounded in the
engagement while charging two pieces of the
enemy's artillery. In Colonel Tiumbull's paint-
ing of the Capture of the Hessians,' Lieutenant
Monroe appears prostrate and bleeding en the
field. On his recovery he became attached to the
stall of General Lord Stirling with the rank of
Major ; and afterwards fought beside Lafayette,
when the latter was wounded in the battle of
Brandywine. _ _

Washington, confiding in his ability to organize
an additional corps for the army, recommended his
appointment to the command of a regiment of the
Virginian line. He was accordingly promoted to
the rank of Colonel, but before the regiment was
ccropleted the war had ceased. On his retirement
from the service, he resumed the study and prac-
tice of his profession, was shortly afterwards
elected to represent his district in Congress, and
from thence was selected by Washington for a diplo-
matic appointment abroad. His se. vices in various
and important civil stations are well known. He was
twice governor of his native state ; was the associate
of I'inckney in a foreign mission ; and at another
period, inconjunction with the late Char.cellor Li-
vingston, negociated the important treaty with
France, which added Louisiana to the territory of
the Unired States. On this event of his life, the
venerable ex-president peculiarly loved to dwell ;
and the fell-length likeness of him, which adorns
the walls of the Governor's rooni in the city hall,
he is represented with the map of Florida and the
Louisiana treaty king before him.
He filled the department of state t.nder Madi-
son, was a warm advocate for the late war, and
upon the resignation of General Armstrong and
Mr. Campbell, was appointed to discharge the du-
ties of the war and treasury ciapartments. On the
restoration of peace he rcturoed to the department
of state, from whence he was el( vated by the people
to the presidential office, which he tilled fur t.w o
terms to the satisfaction of the country. which,:
under his administration, was highly prospzeus.
After his retirement from this distinguished station
he filled the humble office of justice of the peace
in the county of London ; was associated with
Jefferson and Madison in the founding of the Uni-
vcrsity of Virginia ; and subsequently was chosen
a member of the Convention for amending the
constitution of his native state, by which body he
was elected to preside over their deliberations.
This was the last public ofiice that he filled, and
soon after the adjournment of the Convention, be
came to this city, which will have the melancholy
honour of paying the last tribute of respect to his
remains. The funeral will take place on Thursday
afternoon, at four o'clock, from the residence of
Samuel 1... Gouverneur, Priuce-street.—New York
Paper.
GERD AN ECSIVED THIS DAY.

VIM A, JULY V.—Letters from Pesti), of
the 18th, v. Melt we have ju.t received direct from
that city, speak of some tii,turxinces which arose
from the opposition of part of the population to
the measures of pracau:ion taken agai:l3t the
cholera. It is said that a number of students,
crying out '• no cholera," led the cliacoutented
mob, which among other excesses chore away the
guard placed before two houses that sere infected.
Ey order of the Archduke Palatine, the bridge by
which Ofen communicates with the right bank of
the Danube, was replaced, which had the good
effect of :con restoring order, and the people passed
rejoicing over the bridge. The night passed over
quietly, nor was there any farther disturbances on
the 18th. The unemployed labourers were sum-
moned to the town-hall t...) have work assigned
them. (This is the substance of our letters, which
prove the falsehood of the exaggerated reports that
have been spread here.)
At Lemberg the cholera has greatly abated, both
in violence and malignity, but in the province of
Gallicia it rages as before. From the 10th to the
13th July, news was received in Lemberg of its
having manifested itself in above 50 places, in
addition to those already infected.
Jt I.lr 21.—Lord Cowley, the English Ambas-
sador, had his final audience yesterday at Baden

LO:N DON.

TUESDAY, AUGUST 2.

The House of Lords assembled at half-past two
o'clock this day; and at three o'Clock his MA-
JESTY, ac"u►upanied by the QUEEN, proceeded
to the Hou.;e in State. The preparations made
for the reception of their MMAJEs•riEs were on as
grand and extensive a scale, as on any occasion
of opening cr proroguing Parliament. The throne
was altered, by forming a platform for the Qv EE )r
on its right Land side, sufficiently 4arze to accJra-
mudate Her MAJESTY, and twelve attendants.—
, After ti!e usual preliminaries, the Royal assent
was given in person to her MAJESTY'S Dower
! Bill; and in accordance with ancient etiquette, her
MAJ TV :I!:tee her .;I.racious acknowledgment ter
tho

The grand Fistiva: and Regatta of yesterday
passed eff tvith that general gratification which all
loyal men desired. It was clouded by no accident
on the water ; and for this agreeable result the
public are ii:dcbted to Sir Brea MARTIN for his!
excellent arrangements. One case of death alone
has come to our knuwledge ; for particulars of
' which we refer to our Police Intelligence.—The
pencil a:one e:tu do full jegice to the scene; and
we under tand that se%eral competent artists will
become its I.istorioimpliers.
The morning wa:, briliiant, but the afternoon
was agreeably sombre, for there was a canopy
without rain till dusk ; and this then served use-
fdly to clear-the-streets, and employ the hackney-
coaches. Altogethe.- it was a truly glorious day,
and to the 250,000 who were present, a happy
day to be long remembered. The whole spectacle,
the glittering vessels, the gaily dressed myriads
who covered the water and its shores as a living
garden of gaudy flowers, the enthusiastic cheers
of all, and the roaring of cannon, as the Royal
procession proceeded, rendered it the most delight-
ful and exhilirating scene of its kind ever wit-
nessed on the Thames—a SEA-KING, surrounded
by his loyal, grateful, and admiring subjects, who
formed the naiads and nereids of his peaceful and
graceful triumph!
Ou the Bridge—and this itself was the solid
object of primary and deserved admiration—the
whole of the arrangements were superb and with-
out fault. No other city in the world, and no

age could have entertained such multitudes, with
such magnificence, and such general satisfaction.
All ranks were delighted; every luxury was the
best of its kind ; and there was nothing to repine
at, but the swift-progress of time, and the certainty
that it was but the fading glory of five or six
short hours.

The letter of SKSZTNECNI to the KING of
Prussia, affirms all that has been said of the villain-
ous support which the Russians have been re-
ceiving from Prussia. It is a crime which will ho
punished by the cholera morbus ; and we should
thank this instrument of vengeance, if it picked
out the monsters, be whom they may, who have
thus insulted the whole civilized world. For bring-
ing such a disease into Prussia, to attain such an
object, those of the criminals who escape the
disease ought to bo made victims of popular ven-
geance. It is the support of Prussia which has
enabled the barbarians to remain so long west of
tho Niemen ; and if France and England do not
rssent the bad faith of this Prussian Vassal of
Russia, the present generation will live to see the
Court of Prussia repent in sackcloth and ashes
Such a public crime cannot escape with impunity ;
for all nations will conspire against it, and sensible
men in Prussia itself must be prepared to assist in
resisting it. In the meantime, it is said, the King
of PRUSSIA and his Court arc gone on a gala OY%
cursion to Toplitz. May the Russian cholera dis-
turb his repose !
The Newspapers, which too often convert geese'
into swans, were yesterday marching a few Cos-
sacks, who had crossed the Vistula, above 100 miles
in a day, and then describing these savages, with
their pikes and pistols, as besieging and bombarding
Warsaw. The truth is, they are not near Warsaw,
and are not likely to be nearer, except as prisoners.
We could name the Papers who play these tricks
on public credulity; but we leave them to the
eEcaciotis punish:neut of their readers.

Our private advises from Paris this morning do
not confirm the rumours of iha great victory said
to have been achieved by the Poles over their ruth-
less enemy. We refer to our extracts in a previous
column, joined to the letter of SKRZYNECK I ad-
dressed to the KtNo of PRUSSIA, and which the
latter is said to have returned, without breaking
open the seal!
In the Monitevr just received, we have an or-
dounance of Louis PH I T.* PPE, raising to the dig-
nity of Marshal of France the Counts CLAUZEL
(BERTRAND), and LonAu (C EDE.° E). An " Or-
der qf taw Day" likewise appears in the
from Count LORAL-, communicating to the National
Guard a letter from the KING, expressing in strong
terms his uense of
.their good conduct on the late
occasion ; and congratulating the Parisians on the
peaceable manner in which the anniversary of " the
three days" was celebrated.

The slight fall in Consols this day, is ascribed
to a rumour which prevails in the City, that ac-
counts have I)N:fa received of the death of the Em-
peror of Russia. The King of HOLLAND, it is
said, persists in maintaining a warlike attitude,
which has no doubt ass:ate:l, liketise, in depres-
sing the funds.

In our last page w•e have inserted the chief part
of tho Letter of the Catholic Dr. DoyLv,
on the subject of the Irish Church, and Irish Tythe
System. It is one of the most elcquent produc-
tions of the day, and cannot fail to be r.i...morable
in its effects. The drivellers rho assail such a man
as Dr. DOYLE, forget that he is an Irishman, im-
bued with the lore of his cow-dry, ant! a Catholic
Bishop, endowed with the lemming of his caste.

Lord WvNFOI:D'S Bill, new mode:led from the
ori..! of last &s:::ioo, Nvas to hsvo been read a third
ti:Lo in tbe Kist t.cr ; flea: itie:tions taken
t.) sonic cf ins pr,:vLions, by Lord ELDON and
l.urd PLUNKETT, it was postponed till Monday,
the let of August. 11.1 s postponement, no
doubt, was necessary to introduce some new
clauses. Wbat they are, we have no means ot as-
certaining, as the bill is not before us. We take
the liberty, however, of suggesiinr„ that if the
Bankrupt Law is to have a general operation on
all classes of sock‘ty, its merciful provisions should
not be onli:tcd. None among them more impor-
tant, than that the insolvent, with Lis sun-ender,
should have the protection given by it from arrest,
until his final examination. The other is a vie
and beneficial clause, both to the creditors and
debtor—we mean the Composition Contact, hot.-
rowed from the Scotch law, and introduced into the
Bankrupt Act, ti Geo. 4. c. 16. By that Act a ma-
jority of creditors under the provisions of the statute
will hind the others in a deed of coL:position.
We have not space enough to go into a;gu-
nients to support these propositions. In the mean
time, as it bore particularly on the Bill of Lord
WvN FORD, we gave extracts on our first page
yesterdav from the pamphlet, to which we have
tepeatedly called the attention of our readers.

The Freeman's Journal state, that Dublin seems
thunderstruck at the issue in 11IuRinger, meaning
the acquittal of the Police who killed the people at
Castlepollard Fair. We may add, Lcidon is no
lesi thunderstruck, as well by that affair as by the
similar one at Wexford, in regard to the tragedy at
New•townbarry.
BARON SMITH, who tried this case, appeared
to partake of the sensation of the spectators on the
verdict of acquittal, which he told the prisoners was
what is commonly called a merciful verdict. He

then alluded to arms of a deadly nature belli2
trusted in the hands of the police.

,6 In limb," says this respectable judge, the cat: it..„
momentous one. The effusion of blood has been very
and amongst those who fell, many innocent persons w,;, „:,.
fortunately Included : nay, it is impossible foe me, from ar y
thing that appeared in evidence, to pronounce that all
sufferers may not have been quite innocent. ttc
acquitting you, have found, that the somewhat indts,:iinif.
nate effusion of blood which has taken place, was but
deplorable consequence of the situation in which you cot
placed, and of the pressing necessity which that situate,:.
produced ;in short, that the sanguinary act, thou to l.
•.
deplored, was not uncalled for.—All human triben.l, 111
necessarily fallible and imperfect ; hut to a more ut.:::
perhaps the least erring of earthly judgments—t,) tl.tt ~l
conscience, I refer you, to pronounce v.:tether or ant y6t
have not unnecessarily embrued your hands in the blood t:
your fellow-subjects ; and I sincerely hope and lost,
your conscience, concurring with the verdict of the j..r.,
may acquit you."

Of the effect of the verdict on the Ir,-op le
the public, ho remarks with just antici::atiens
follows ;

" What lam now about to state. with resin :: co p
collar situation of this country is so notorious, Coat ii maki
that smttment I feel 1 am communicating nothing t::.:
not already known; namely—that one of sloe !„-reakal
fortunes of this country, the abundant source of su ro7„
other ills is, that the lower orders distrust the latr—rer
instead of looking up to it as thelr great peolcetur,
which can (done raise them to a sort of !erel with
superiors, they seem to view it with a jeaiousy
to arersion, end are too a,..1 to consider it as their croz-
not their friend."

But it mill be the fault of puEic sl.i it in he-
' land, and in England too, if the APPEAL t:
• Akr.DEn is not resorted to before the
Bvnela, Dublin, as far as proper, in one cast .
both. In 1819, A BRAD .1 Al THORNTOti
and acquitted at Warwick, of the artful 11111ti'.(:: 4
a young woman, MARY Asttronn, whom he b.d
previously violated, near Birmingham. Ti:e ac.
quittal filled the whole nation with horror ; but Mr.
BEDTORD, a public spirited attorney of Birmiag.
ham, in behalf of a youth her brother, the neari:,
of kin, appealed THORNTON in the King's Bench,
London, aid the fellow was re-apprehended, st 4
lodged in Newgate. He, however, availed him-
self of latches in the then law, and gave the yap'.
v, age:. of battle, and in consequence escaped ; ant.
however, to Birmingham, but to America, where
lie soon after• (lied under a feigned name.

The scandal however %And) was thus broug•
on ill,: law, led to an act of Parliament doing awy:-
th:.. Wage: of Battle ; and therefore now, in a!!
cases of murder, whore the patties by any circum-
stances escape in the Ink: iur Courts, they may LI.
APPEALED east as though uo previous preceedia?
had taken place, murder not being purged by an!.
acquittal, as iu regard to other ci hnes.
After all, however, an appeal will be tried by
Jury, and it may happen in these Irish cases,
111 r. BARON SAIITII observed, that certain circum-
stances may qualify the offence, of which the ac-
cused ought to have the full and fair benefit.
while we way perhaps conclude that they are net
perhaps; the most blameable who incautiously usei
those deadly weapons which others had deli!•eratrbr
put into their hands.

We carnestiy hope that the call of Ireland tr,
d:si,and these yeomanry, will be as liberally as
v.:stk. acceded to by the government ; and w,
ennuot but hope, that the police will be better
structetl, and Lencefoi ward provided uith less fat i