Star.
London, England, 1824-07-29 00:00:00

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ruportance to the country, but it is, at the same time,
ene most difficult and dangerous to•carry into effect:
That reform muit be founded on the-existing codes; but
it would be imprudent to apply these, until their first
principles are sufficiently understood by those whose
duty it may hereafter become to explain and adminis-
ter the laws.
The Magistracy has succeeded in gradually diminish-
ing the existing difficulties, by an augmentation of its
moral force, and an active anxiety to prevent crimes,
and to discourage litigation ; and it is but just to con-
fess, that it has fulfilled its duty with a laudable zeal;
that it has overcome great difficulties, arising out of the
laws themselves ; and that its labours have been pro-
ductive of a more efficacious mode of correction of
crimes, and a more correct knowledge of rights.
The system of the police hai been improved with
eater economy. The execution of the law of the 20th
December last has placed in the hands of the citizens
that duty, purely civil, with which the army was for-a
merly improperly intrusted.
The moveable property in the country, which be-
Comes more liable to be attacked in proportion tp its in-
crease, is better secured against robbery, and the means
adopted to regulate the service in the plains have pro-
duced the best effects. The streets of the town and the
roads have received extraordinary improvements, and
a useful spirit of enterprise in constructing bridges and
other public works begins to shew itself in the city. The
departments of architecture and hydraulics have satis-
factorily fulfilled the duties of their institution ; in a
short time they will be provided with those instruments'
which are requisite for facilitating and extending their
operations, especially that of the harbour. The stand-
, ing army preserves its moral discipline; it has driven
back the savages who invaded our province, recovering
from them an immense booty, and it is now occupied in,
constructing works on the new frontiers. By the Des
cree of the 23t1 of April of last year, which has been
since carried into execution, the education of those
young men is sufficiently provided for, who may be
expected to distinguish themselves in the rank ofOfficers.
But it is necessary to declare to you, that the laws
appointed for recruiting and filling up the army are
insufficient. The Government has made every species
of sacrifice to effect this object out of the province, and
has only been successful in the Entre Rios. You will
perhaps now be convinced that there is no other means
than those laid before you in the year 1822. The mili-
tary treasury is in an excellent state; the result of the
examination of the chests of the different corps, just
finished, has done honour to their Commanders. The
Ordnance, which is now sufficiently provided for ordi-
nary occasions, will be augmented to meet extraordi-
nary emergencies. The administration of the public
finances proceeds in good order. It will continue so,
provided we consider as sacred this principle, viz. that
the just payment of our debts is itself a fund of riches.
Our whole debt is now consolidated. The system of
pu'ilic credit is becoming more intelligible, even to the
most prejudiced and the least instructed; and this will
best insure its preservation. The Bank has completed
capital assigned to it on its foundation. Its prosperity.
exceeds the most sanguine hopes, and its utility is felt
by all classes.
It remains to carry into effect a coinage suited to our
wants, and which may be substituted fot that which
Spain issued to us after the model of her own. For
this object, plans and measures ate prepared for the
establishment of a Mint on the most perfect and econo-
mical footing. The public revenue has sufficed tint
only for the ordinary, hut also for the great extraordi-
nary elpenses of the year. It is, however, to be re-
gretted; that experience thews us the necessity of a
recourse to more efficacious measures, to obtain from
the citizens those moderate direct contributions which
have been decreed as indispensably necessary for the
preservation of public order, since it appears that the
conviction of duty and the stimulus of honour upon
svLichh they were founded are totally insufficient.
Industry in the country increases rapidly, and the
amount of capital employed in agricultural pursuits be-
comes every day greater. The necessary means have
been taken for the encouragement of an increase of
agriculturists; and it is to be hoped, that the indus-
trlOus families who are to people the rich plains of the
south, will begin to arrive. In proportion as the value
of land increases, the necessity is felt of adopting some
decisive plan for cutting short those litigations as to the
boundaries of property which impoverish families, and
desolate the country. The Government has adopted
such as it could, and has others in preparation, as well
as a general basis for the distribution of public lands,
which, by encouraging industry, will become a princi-
pal source of public revenue. Commerce, assisted by
snstitutions which legalize and encourage it, has pre-
served its prosperity, notwithstanding political circum-
stances which limit the sphere of its operations. The
dangers of the navigation of, the river up to this city
have been diminished, by placing buoys on the inner
banks, and it is determined to form an establishment of
safe and economical vessels, which will be stationed on
all the shoals from the isle of Lobes, and which will be
furnished with signals for the guidance of navigators,
both by day and night.
The accounts of last year, and the sums reqbired for
the ordinary service of the next, are presented on this
occasion by the Minister of Finance, for your opinion
and deliberation. Finally, Gentlemen, it is impossible
that you can contemplate the actual state of the affairs
of this province without directing your attention to a
comparison with that in which they appeared three
years ago, when a feeling of public virtue brought us
together, to lay the foundation of those wholesome in-
stitutions which have restored to us liberty, and a pro-
spect of peace, then lost to us. The new Administra-
tions will have to preserve those institutions from the
errors and fahe zeal of the well-disposed, which the
disorganising activity of bad citizens, and the artful hy-
pocrisy of foreign tyrants, may turn to their own ac-
count. Your cordial and zealous co-operation will not
be less necessary to the Government to preserve, than it
was to create, these institutions. You will not, there-
fore, disapprove that it concludes by repeating to you
the words which the venerable President of the great
Republic of our Continent has made use of to its Re-
presentatives in his last Message :
" There never was a period since the establishment of our revo.
lution, when, regarding the condition of the civilised world, and its
bearing on us, there was greater necessity for devotion in the public
servants to their respective duties, or for virtue, patriotism, and
11116)11 in our constituents."
(Signed) • BERNARDINO RIVADAVI A.
MANUEL I. GARCIA.
CHILE.
EXTRACTS OS A LETTER DATED SANTIAGO DE CHILE,
APRIL 10, 7824.
4, By the ship L'Amerique, letters from Lima upto
the 10th of March have reached us, at which date every

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thing was quiet; but the 'stagnation in the trade con-
tinued. The persons and property of tile foreigners had
remained unmolested.
Her* the most interesting political occurrence is,
that the expedition' which was sent from hence to Chil
has arrived at that island, and taken possession of all
the forts excepting that of San Carlos. The ship Stan-
more, which had been taken by the privateer Qointanilla,
and carried to Chiloe, has escaped on this occasion and
arrived at Valparaiso. According to the report of
the Captain, the garrison in Chiloe was not consi-
derable—say about 1,000 men. The expedition sent
from Chile consisted of 2,000 men and several men of
war, of which, however, the corvette Voltaire, of 18 guns,
was lost on a sand-bank; the crew and stores were saved.
No official intelligence has as yet arrived from Chiloe,
but there can be no doubt of the success of the expedi-
tion. As Chiloe was the only place on the coast actually
occupied by the Spaniards, and where an expedition from
Europe might land, the conquest, if it succeeds, would be
of the highest importance. I mentioned in my last the
state of the fleet of Chile, and beg now to add, that the
frigate O'Higgins, of 38 guns, formerly Lord Cochrane's
flag ship, is repaired, and will most likely be ready for
sea in the course of a month. The O'Higgins is one of
the Russian frigates bought some years ago by the Spa-
niards, and taken by the Patriots soon after : het name
at that time was Isabella.
't P. S. of the 15th April.—Since I wrote the above,
I have learned positively that the captain of the French
ship of war arrived at Valparaiso, has given orders to
buy provisions for two French ships of the line and'
four frigates, daily expected in Valparaiso. lie says
he was to expect these vessels at Valparaiso, but he
would first of all proceed to Quilca, to recapture the
French ship Vigia, which had been taken and carried
thither by the privateer Quintanilla. The American Mi.
niAer, Mr. Allan, arrived here yesterday ; he came over
in the frigate United States, Commodore Hull."

EXPEDITION AGAINST cilmoe.
The following are extracts of private letters:
44 SANTIAGO TOE Ciill.r, Aritil. 12.
" I herewith inclose you a duplicate of a letter I has-
tily wrote you, conveying some i:Aeresting and flitter-
ing news concerning our expedition at Chiloe. Along
with e accompanying Gazelles is a publication of the
news and although it does not exactly agree with my
rt
account, yet I believe mine to be equally, if not more
circumstantial than that. Government probably does
well not to mention the loss of 300 men in the action,
as also the loss of the corvette the Voltaire. Their
information is derived from the same source as mine—
from the Captain of the port of Chile, and the Captain
of the vessel. However, vessels are daily expected from
that quarter, and may confirm the above, and probably
bring us the welcome intelligence of the fall of Chiloe.
Bolivar writes from Pativilia, of his being in want of
SOO cavalry, iron, gunpowder, and two vessels of war;
but until the fall of Chiloe takes place, it is necessary
that the few troops remaining here be kept in reserve,
in case of Freyre s requiring mote auxiliaries. Should
Freyre be successful, Bolivar 's request will be immedi-
ately complied with."
" SAN7IAOO at Cam, Arm 10.
di Yesterday morning the Stanmore, the first vessel
taken by the privateer, arrived at Valparaiso. The
Chiloe squadron had arrived, and had succeeded in
landing their forces, and after a considerable resistance
on the part of the Chilotes, the Patriots succeeded in
taking two very important fortresses. An engagement
also took place between 1,000 Chilotes and 700 Patriots,
during which the former lost 200 meri, and the latter
300, including a Colonel Bouchef, a most excellent
officer. The Governor, Quintanilla, had embarked all
the treasures belonging to the isles on board of the
----, and in pursuing which, in a gale, the Vol-
taire went down, and was entirely lest. The crew were
saved by the brig Gaverina. Admiral Guise may perhaps
fall in with this treasure, if she attempts to enter Callao."
PERU.
The following letter is said to have been received, by
way of Philadelphia:—
GUAYAQUIL, MAT 27.
" By the brig Tres Hermanos, which arrived here
yesterday from Payta, letters have been received of the
22d instant, which bring the agreeable confirmation of
the conclusion of the struggle in Peru, by the evacuation
of Lima by the Royalists on the 10th instant. Some
days ago, news had been received of the result of the
glorious action in which the arms of the country have
again triumphed; and it was hoped the details could
have been communicated, but as they have not arrived,
I shall transmit you our first communication, and what
has since been learned.
" It appears that the Liberator and General-in-Chief
Bolivar. who had his head-quarters in Truzillo, and his
advanced posts in the direction of Lima (the negocia-
dons which the Minister Verindoraga had conducted
not having had a favourable termination in consequence
of the capture of Lima and Callao by the Royalists),
determined to make one of those movements which have,
so often astonished his enemies and led him on to victory.
Apprised that the Spanish Generals Canterac and Valdez
I had advanced upon Lima from the positions which they
occupied on the coast from Pachacama to Yca, and that
they had left General Moneta, with the traitor Torre
Tagle, commanding that ci• y, and advanced with the
principal divisions of the :rimy by the road of the valley
(Cantina del Valle), taking up positions from Chancay
to Guaura, and detaching a strong division in the di-
rection of Tarma.
" The Liberator, who seems to have foreseen this
movement, sent 4,000, in two divisions, by the great
valley of Huaillas, and the eastern banks of the river
Santa, and withdrew his advanced troops to Car ma.
This last movement seems to have encouraged the
Royalist. Generals to advance precipitately with the
main body of their troops to the country between Pail-
villa and Callijones, a little to the south of Guarmey,
where they were on the 3d instant, with 6,000 men,
advancing on Truxillo. The Liberator received rein-
forcements from hence and Panama, and went out of
Truxillo at the head of 7,000 men, for Parilla, and ad-
vanced by forced marches to Carma ; and on the 6th
instant there was a general action, maintained with
great obstinacy on both sides. General Canterac re-
ceived a severe wound in the action, and as soon as the
Royalist Army saw their General in that state, they
dispersed, and retired in confusion on Guarmey, where
they encountered the force that the Liberator bad pre-
viously stationed in their rear after having effected
their march from the valley of Huaillas by the bridge
of Huaras and Ychoca.
" The rout was so complete, that with the exception of
700 men, who gained the heights with General Rodil,
all the army surrendered. Our victorious troops ad-
vanced rapidly, and General Rail retired on Lima,
where he was pursued by the Liberator and the city
opened its gates on the 10th instant. There was, con-

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seviently, issuch
Alan rejng in Linn.. 'tile rem-1
scant of the Roy al y retired sn the -direction of doe
Cordilleras. The 13d1- footrest of Callao proposed to
t
capitulate, upon conditi s th4t were undori'onsidiration•
li The insurgents of stoisavo laid down their arms
at Tulcan, under the Security of a pardon fromthe Co-.
lombian Government, with
,the exception of the Chiefs."

THE EVENING Spit.

LONDON.

'

THURSDAY, JULY 29, 1824.
THE FUNDS.
STOCK EXCHANGE. TWELVE O'CLOCK.
Consols opened this morning at 921, /, with the Market brisk,
but soon after the Chancery Brokers sold i 470,000 Stock, stand-
ing in the name of the Executors of the Duke of Queensberry%
property, at 921; but Coniols soon after that recovered again +
921, 1, at which price they are up to this hour, with little doing.
The chief conversation on 'Change is concerning the reported
victory of BOLIVAR ; and various opinions prevail on the authenticity
of the letter.
FOREIGN FUNDS.
Scarcely any business doing in the Foreign Market this morning.
—Current Prices: New Spanish 151, OW 11 a, Russian 941, Al-
liance Shares 111, Mexican 521 1, Colombian Scrip 5 disc. Co-
lombian 811, New Prussian 961, Portuguese 871 88, French Scrip
11h, Austrian 931 to 1, Buenos Ayres 11 prem.
PRICE OF STOCKS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
bank Stock 23614 237 —3 per Cent. Reduced 931/s
8 per Cent. Cons. 92% lei Ik-311 per Cts. 1011/4 1/8
4 per Cents Assented 100% 7/8
4 per Cents. Old 1013/8-4 per Cents. New 1057/8 %
Bank Long Anus. 23 1-16 22 15-16 23
India Stock 2351/2—lndia Bonds 8I 86
Erclleq. hills of 1:1,000 (2d.) ; (114 d.) 43 2
Do. of £5OO (2d) 42 47 ; (11/2d.) 43 2 4
Do. £lOO and i:200 (2d.) —; (11/d) 44 3
Con,ols for Acct. 92% l/, 1/4. 1/2.

The intelligence from South America which we yes-
terday communicated, was sufficient to refute the idle
rumours which for the last fortnight had emanated from
Madrid, had any such refutation been necessary. To-day,
in addition to a more detailed account of the success of

the Patriots in Chili and in Peru, of which we gave the
outline yesterday, we present the Nlessage of the Buenos
Ayres Executive to the Legislative Assembly, which is
a document of considerable interest, and of a most gra-

tifying character. The most important intelligence,
however, is that from Peru ; and if it could be relied on

(though it is not in that authentic shape we could have
wished), it would be pretty decisive of the snuggle in

that part of South America.
The news rests on a letter stated to have been received
from Guayaquil, via Philadelphia and New Yolk. It
is dated the '27th of May, and narrates, somewhat cir-
cumstantially, the operations of BouVAR, and his total
defeat of the Royalists in a severe battle, which is said
to have been fought on the 6th of that month. The
rout is stated to have been so complete, that such of the
Royalist troops as had not fallen in the engagement
surrendered, with the exception of 7® men, who
escaped. The immediate consequence of this victory
is said to have been the occupation of -Lima, and the
offer of the garrison of Callao to capitulate on the 19. th.,
The distance from Callao to Guayaquil is 24S leagues,'
and the intelligence must, therefore, have been received,
according to this account, in fourteen or fifteen days
at the utmost, though the date of the advices from 130-
LIVA R's army is not stated. We confess we have doubts
as to the truth of this statement, which rests solely on
the authority of the letter said to have been received
from Liverpool, and which is unsupported by advices
of any description received through less questionable
channels.

In Chile, however, the successes of the Patriots,
though less signal than those attributed to BOLIVAR,
are better authenticated. The occupation of the prin-
cipal fortresses in the island of Chloe, was expected to
be followed by that of San Carlos, the only remaining
place of any strength which could give refuge to a
Spanish cruiser along the whole line of the Pacific, from
Cape Horn to Panama.
The Message of the Buenos Ayres Executive, which
will be found in a preceding column, will be read with
pleasure. The Message notices the progress of the
civil institutions in Buenos Apes, the prospect of a
happy union of the several independent States of South
America, the formation of powerful companies of
capitalists ready to explore the mines and extend the
navigation of the Union.
The honourable policy of the British Government is

quite satisfactory to that of Buenos Ayres. It is de.
dared, in the Message, to be “ dignified, frank, and de-
cided." The PRISIDENT then describes the numerous
internal improvements which have taken place in the
State, in the consolidation of the civil institutions, the
progress of education, the formation of schools of sur-
gery, agriculture, &c. the establishment of a national
library, and of various hospitals, &c. The Message
altogether presents a most gratifying picture of a coun-
try shaking off the slumber and ignorance of ages, and
rapidly advancing in all that can give happiness and
character to a State and Peo le.
We have received a file of Canada Papers to the 29th
ult. The repeal of the duty of three per cent. on to-
bacco imported into this country from Canada had
given great satisfaction. The growth of this article in
Canada is said to have been attended with greater suc-
cess than was anticipated. The smuggling of tobacco
into Canada from the United States was carried on to
a great extent. Up to the 9th of June, not less than 244
vessels had arrived at that port,whose tonnage amounted
to 65,862, which was one-third more than last year—p
the number of vessels not exceeding 156, whose ton-
nage amounted to 40,181.—The canvassing of Candi-
dates for seats in the next Session of the Provincial
Parliament of Upper Canada was carrying on the
electioneering campaign with a great degree of energy
fact never before equalled.