Star.
London, England, 1831-03-05 00:00:00

WARSAW, FEN.I7

Warsaw daily assumes a more warlike appearance : the
streets present a most animated scene ; many thousand re-
cruits daily arrive from the Woywodships occupied by the
enemy ; they are well clothed and armed, and exercised.—
Numerous families of this city, and the country, remove
with all their effects to the left bank of the Vistula.

The inhabitants are enjoined to furnish themselves with
provisions, which are therefore already difficult to be pro-
cured, though the Government has afforded many facilities,
by taking off the duties. The magazines, threatened by
the Russians, are removing with all diligence to Warsaw ;
and the municipal council purchases every thing it can ob-
tain. The streets are barricadoed with dry alder wood,
to form a second entrenchment behind the walls, which are
defended by cannon. Loop-holes are made in the houses ;
numerous hospitals are prepared, and the whole male popu-
lation, able to bear arms, is required. Some of our journals
already intimate, that a second Saragossa, Carthage, or Sa-
guntum, will be seen on the Vistula ; and the Government, in
a proclamation of the I.Bth, calls on the citizens to prepare for
' the combat. The latest accounts from the army, which are!
to the 15th, intimate that since the 12th Feb. the Russians
have acted on the offensive ; and the Poles will perhaps
fight a battle in the neighbourhood of Warsaw, as the head- ;
quarters were yesterday removed from Jablonna to Grachow,
a mile (2i English miles) from Warsaw. According to these ,
accounts, the Russian vanguard, after some inconsiderable
skirmishing of the advanced posts, had occupied a line .
which extends from Ostrolucka, down the Narew, to
iWyszkow on the Bug ; then from Jadow up the Liwiec,
Lnkow, Zelechow, Macieiowi ; and on the left bank
of the Vistula, as far as Radoni, the capital of
the Woywodeship, and as far as the Piliza, all the bridges
are broken down. This occupation, almost without oppo-
sition, of half the kingdom, where the Woywodeships are
already called Governments, and the Russian arms every
where fixed up, and the approach of the Russians, have in-
duced the Diet to adopt energetic measures; and to
introduce the petitionary tribunals in Warsaw and the Pro. ,
vinces, as long since proposed by the patriotic clubs at
Warsaw, in order to maintain the revolutionary spirit. No
decision has yet been made on this head ; and the Diet is
at present engaged in legislating on the administration of
justice, on which our Journals make bitter remarks. They
say, that to encourage the soldiers, to pass a law for military
honour and rewards, would be much more to the purpose,
now that the sound of cannon has been for some days heard
at Warsaw.

The accounts which were made public yesterday, leave,
however, some hope, that the ice in the Vistula has already
begun to break up at Cracow ; the two divisions of Rus-
sians, infantry and cavalry, which were on the left bank of
the Vistula, will thus be cut off from the main army; and
as a numerous corps, under General Sierewski is advancing
against them, will very probably be defeated. The day
before yesterday, General Dwemicki attacked, near Stoc-
zek , 10 (50) miles from Warsaw -lukow, Gen.Geismar ; or, as
others say, Duke Adam of Wurtemburg ; took from him 6
cannon, rendered the remaining 5 unserviceable, killed 500
men, and took 250 prisoners : Col. Novosilzoff was among
the killed, and General Dwernike was in pursuit of Ge-
neral Geismar, whose only chance of safety was in speedy
Bight. On the other hand, a Polish piquet of 45 men
is said to have been taken, with their horses. At length
the illusion that prevailed here has vanished, since it is posi-
tively known, that we have no foreign aid to expect; but at
the most a mediation for the restoration of the status quo
ante belluns.

But this afflicting state of things, instead of depressing the
courage of the people, serves only to inflame it. Without
arms in the arsenals, u ithout establishments to manufacture
them, without any stock of ammunition—hemmed in on all
sides,with extremely scanty resources and pecuniary means,
as the bank has deposited all its funds in foreign countries,
and is wholly unable to realize the sums advanced here,
under the burden of enormous taxes, the Polish nation
exerts its utmost strength to be either for ever an-
nihilated at one blow, or to be raised to new
life, to demand an account for the past, but in any case
to disturb the balance of Europe, and to produce conse-
quences like those of another Mamertine war. For, if the
Poles are victorious, the vassal peasantry in all Russian Po-
land will revolt ; the landowners inclined to Russia will be
punished, for the luke-warmness which they showed
in one thousand eight hundred and twelve, to the assistance of
Napoleon ; and a new army will be formed here, by vigo-
rous measures, armed with the arms made in the new esta-
blished manufactory at Warsaw. The spirit of insurrection
will be propagated, beyond the Dwina and the Dnieper;
and in this manner an attempt will be made to reunite the
disjointed members of Poland. Such, at least, are
the resources of our revolutionists, who rely on the assertion
that all the Poles are ardent ; that the present kingdom con-
tains according to official accounts, 2,230,000 conscripts,
from the ages of 30 to 3.5 without reckoning those who are
amicably discharged, and from whom the 3d and 4th battalions
and squadrons might now be so easily formed. Poland
is now to stand an insuperable barrier, against the power
of the north, an eternal ally of the great nation, which will
be able to develop, with success, its spirit of conquest. But
if the Poles are overborne, what a dreadful prospect lies be-
fore them The country is exhausted, and almost reduced to
famine, by the failure of the harvest, and the total stoppage of
importation ; the wretched families, nay, every family, will
be ruined and endangered ; Russian governors and officers
will introduce into the country the Russian mode of admi-
nistration, and military or prevotal tribunals, will carry off
the few energetic men yet commanding. In the
place of the villages and towns desolated by
feuds and enemies, military colonies u ill arise,
on the fertile plains of Poland ; and, on the other hand, the
uninhabited Steppes of Nogay Tartary, be cultivated by
Poles, &c. All these considerations, however, will not make
the Poles deviate from the course on which they have en-
tered ; especially as great stress is laid on certain changes ex-
pected at Paris, which aro considered as certain, on the credit
of communications said to have been received from that city.
But this illusion is likewise dispelled, and the people are
prepared for a mortal conflict.
P.S. The bakers' shops are empty; neither meat nor
bread are to be had. The sound of cannon is continually
heard from the side of Praga, and the barricades in the
streets arc made more and more formidable.

VIES N Dtc. 21.—Four per cent. 73; British, 963.
Allyemeine Zeituny, Feb. 26.

The NATIONAL CAUSE advances to fruition beyond our'
most sanguine hopes. LONDON, WESTMINSTER, and
SOUTHWARK, with many of tho Parishes, have set an
example to the country which, we have no doubt, will be
zealously followed. The factious pretence, that the plan Is
not satisfactory to the country, will speedily be falsified by its
own declarations. We call the Opposition factious, for
even some of the Boroughmongers themselves, set a noble
example of self•devotion to the interests and honour of the
country.

The MARQUIS of CLEVELAND, the largest Borough-'
Proprietor, has acquired a title to the boundless gratitude of
the country, for declaring his adhesion to the measure.
The DUKE of NORFOLK, another of the largest Pro-
prietors, has done himself equal honour;

And last night, Mr. Jonw Sun.'', the proprietor of
Midhurat, and brother of Lord CARaINGTON, expressed his
satisfaction at having the opportunity of surrendering a
right, for the good of the country; which power, he said,
neither he nor any man ought to be allowed to possess. Mr.
SMITH, a man remarkable for his sound discretion, declared
that when the plan was announced, his delight took away
his breath.

Such examples of patriotism as those enumerated, entitle
the men to statues of gold in our public places, for the admi-
ration of all posterity.
The question last night was opened by the prompt appear-
ance at the Bar, of the Sit TUFFS of LONDON, with an ad-
dress, voted only that morning in the Common Council.
They were received, as they deserved, with cheers.
Lord MORPETB mentioned the participation of the great
county of York; Lord J. G. LENNOX, that of the corpora-
tion of Chichester; Mr. CALVERT, that of Southwark.
In truth, it is in no legitimate way, corporation question,
for corporations exist for other purposes, than that of return-
ing members, and their interference is always a criminal
abuse ; besides, it is liberally proposed to continue the life-
interest in those who now, as freemen, enjoy the right,
though they may not occupy houses of 101. a year.
Mr. Gtsßo a NE opened the debate, and avowed himself a
friend to the vote by ballot ; but he thought the plan super-
ceded the necessity of that measure.
Mr. FRESHFIELD, solicitor of the Bank. attacked
Ministers, who he said had brought forward no measure
calculated to raise their character as men of ability. When
the Attorney-General described the opposers as enemies of
i all Reform, his object was to feed the creature, public cla-
mour. He was a friend to such a reform as would im-
prove, not destroy the Constitution.

Mr. DUNCOMBE thought Ministers were not unani-
mous—the plan and their respective opinions differed. He
voted against the measure, because it had a revolutionary
tendency, and was tyrannical and unjust to those who now
enjoyed the right of voting.
To Mr. J. SMITH'S speech we have alluded above.
He preferred country gentlemen in that House to the fre-
quenters of Brookes's—an intelligent resident of a manu-
facturing town to the adventurers of Bond-street.

Mr. CALCRArT thought his constituents at Wareham ill
used, as they were but 69 under 2000, and now were 2400.
He thought that if the bill passed, we should not long
have King, Lords, and Commons. He had intended to
support the measure : but its extravagance made him oppose
it. His plan was merely to take away the franchise from
the smallest boroughs, and give it to the largest towns.
Mr. STANLEY, the secretary for Ireland, supported the
bill in a speech of considerable length, and which, for its
ability and sound principles, did him great credit ; replying
chiefly to the arguments of Sir R. PEEL. With reference
to Wareham, he said that a voter there was once asked who
were the members, and be replied he did not know ; but

CaLcitsvr was one ;—who the other was he did no,
for he had never seen him. He considered the ine•oir...
necessary to enable Ministers to reduce the public exik.„..
diture.

Lord SEY?dOUR ascribed the plan to the love of 1.,,1„
larity, and not of justice. It was intended to tran44.; th
influence of the Aristocracy to the Democracy.
Mr. [C. WYNN, a Member of Government, coon,
support the plan, without modification. Part might be tn,
now, and the remainder in a few years.

Mr. JEFFREY, Lord Advocate, and for many v„ai,
Editor of the Edinburgh Review, in a maiden speed,,
great ability and effect, justified the measure ; and stat,
that even a better plan than the present system of diz4ract•
ful contrivances, would be, to allow Peers of
income to return two Members, and Commoners ni' , •
the income, to do the same. He thought the onuilii
the Press was the test of the feelings of the people.

Mr. JEFFREY having described certain voters 75 l.' ;r,.,
and pot-wallopers, Mr. HrST rose to state, that by law, ti
pauper could vote. But this is an error; for paupur freemel,
do vote, and in their votes lie the strength of CorporationA.
Mr. CHOKER, a writer in the Quarterly Review, Kr•
naturally pitted himself against Mr. JEFFREY; and insiste.
at great length, that Lord FrrzwiLLlA M had been faval,-•
in drawing the line of demarkation, as to Maltoii,
and Richmond. He also contended, that Tavistock had
been favoured, and contrasted the population of the town;.
which were to return hut one member, with that of retain':
boroughs, which still were to return two. This seemed
however like an argument for further changes.
At one o'clock the debate was adjourned till Monday

CITY, ONE O'CLOCE.
Consols opened this morning at 76j to 4, went op
76, and at present they are 764 to 4, with little doing n•
yet. Spanish Bonds have fallen I per cent.
CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.
Consols, which were done at 76i for the Account, in ti;,
early part of the morning, are at present 761 to 1, at whirl
price they remain steady. The money market is very good
which contributes to the maintaining of the price of Consols
In the Foreign market Spanish Bonds have receded I Fe!
cent. owing to a report that Agudao has returned to Pali,
without accomplishing his mission at the Court of Madrid.
Other Foreign securities maintain yesterday's prim