Star.
London, England, 1831-03-25 00:00:00

SPAIN.

The lndicateur of Bourdeaux, of the 19th March, says—
" We announced with certainty yesterday, that the insur-
rectional movement of Spain, far from having been com-
pressed, had, on the contrary, prospered. New despatches
confirm this day that which we had given as official : news
even of greater importance is spoken of: we wait for the
publication of positive tokens."
GERMANY. _ _

FRANKFORT, Maaclll7.LThe Prussian General, M.
Ruhl de Lilierstein, a very esteemed military officer, is at
this moment at Munich. It is said that he is charged, on
the part of his Court, to negotiate with the Sovereign
Princes of Germany a treaty, in virtue of which Prussia and
the rest of Germany (with the exception of Austria) de-
clare themselves neutral, and will put on foot a very
considerable army of neutrality, in case of war be-
tween France and Austria. The King of Bavaria
appears to relish this measure very much, and has
sent agents to Stutgard, Carleruhe, and Frankfort, in order
to sound the sentiments of the other Sovereigns. Bavaria
alone will have to furnish 45,000 men, and Prussia
180,000 for this army.
VIRRNA MARCH 13.—The accounts from Italy have been taken
advantage Of by stock-jobbers to produce a fall in the funds, alledg-
ing that the extension of military measures in Italy give reason
to fear a great political crisis, and a general war in Europe. The pub-
lic, less timid, did not however suffer themselves to be frightened, and
the accounts from Piedmont and Rome soon had a favourable effect on
the funds. The entrance of our troops into Ferrara has given a severe
blow to the revolutionary mania in the legations. The most violent libe-
rals already began to hold ,more temperate language, and the faithful
subjects who were frightened by the rapid progress of the rebellious
party, recover their courage, and shew themselves ready to take the
field against the agitators. A little vigour on the part of the Papal
Government will probably suffice to restore tranquillity without any fo-
reign aid. The present insurgents in Italy appear to be very good tempered
and no friends of bloodshed, and as was the cue some years ago in the
Austrian campaign against Naples, a few cannon have now put to flight
the whole republican army of Modena. Assurances are said to have
been given by France that no objection would be made to the coercive
measures to be taken by our government in Italy. Our government, be-
sides, has never acknowledged for itself the principle of nonintervention
with respect to Italy, and it is not probable that it ever will acknowledge
it, as it is abandoned, according to circumstances and convenience, by
these who first set it up. It originated in England, and was first laid
down by Lord Castlereagh, on the occasion of the French campaign against
the Spanish Cones, as a rule for the English ministry, and now let us
read the interpretation that Lord Palmerston lately gave in the English
Parliament on the mode of applying it.
SPIRIT OF THE JOURNALS.

TIIIES.-If peculiar crises of giat excitement produce great crimes
and vast aberrations from moral rectitude, they do not the less afford
illustrious examples of disinterestedness and virtue. The reform bill
has produced actions proportioned to its magnitude : for as there has
been most disgusting baseness In the conduct of many of its opponent',
so have there been instances of the most noble self-sacrifice, and gene-
rous indifference to private interest, in several of the supporters. of the
bill. We have spoken of the manner in which various members
have voted for a measure by which they must be deprived of an
interest which had either been derived to them from their
ancestors, or been the purchase of their own money, on the public con-
fidence that the borough"ongering system must continue. Sir Sand-
ford Graham, the Dukes of Norfolk and Devonshire, Lord Cleveland,
Lord Grosvenor, Lord Radnor, Mr. J. Smith, and others, have been
mentioned, and to this must be added the name of Mr. William Russell,
the representative of the county of Durham, who generously gives up
four members by the proposed bill, which he supports with all his
strength—two for Saltash, in Cornwall, and two more for Bletchingly.
Ye Powers' what would the excitement of a dissolution and a general
election be, under the hope that the popular rights might still thereby
be reclaimed and re-established, when compared to the excitement of
the bill's simple rejection--when put In competition with the announce.
ment that it was irrecoverably lost, and that the boroughmon.
gen would adhere to their usurpations ? If you are afraid
of excitement, dread that which would be consequent upon the cruel
disappointment of a kingdom's just expectation. If the bill could be
rejected this night, before the departure of the malls from London, every
guard would announce the fatal tidings to the towns and villages as be
passed, and Poland itself would not be in a greater consternation and
commotion on the entrance of the Russians, than would England be,
though unarmed, on the knowledge of so dreadful an event. Why,
men, cannot you see the signs of the times ? Every day we have to re-
port the meeting of some great county; in yesterday's publication York.
shire, and in to-day's Kent, utter their mighty voices to Parliament and
the Throne. Every county, city, town, and hamlet, petitions for reform.
Say them "nay,' if you please; but if you do, pretend not that you
are afraid of excitement. It Is our apprehension of excitement that
impels us to lay these truths before you. We repeat, be wise in time s
illopen your eyes, your ears. All England calls aloud for the Reform
B.
Posy.—The Jacobin b wy the British nation is at this
moment convulsed and endangered, by means of its organs of
the press to dissolve the Parliament which has determined to withstand
its revolutionary designs. We think the men who, for the mere sake of
maintaining themselves in office, could propose a measure to the Legis-
lature so destructive as the Reform Bill, may be desperate enough for
any thing. We should therefore not be sorbed if they were to realise
the menace their adherents and advocates so loudly . But
should they do so, it will be evident, beyond the ty dooms-
' diction or doubt, that they adopt this course in the revolutiamoy hope
that the elections which must follow will be controlled and governed by
revolutionary mobs. We trust that our Sovereign will avert from the

' country the calamities and convulsions that cannot fail to be produced
by a general election, springing out of a single question of paraniounc
importance and of intense excitement, and which must naturally Ite
governed in every instance by the feelings of men upon that .ingle
question.
lisaux.—The French Government, not a great while ago, gave
the world to understand that France would not only
"sero,', but
enforce the principle of non-intervention—that is, that France ould
not only abstain from making any aggression on the independence
of foreign States, but prevent others from making such aggression.
It was at the time the French Government made this declaration
that M. Sebastiani served a written notice on the Cabinet of Vienna,
informing them that " France would never consent to see the Austrian
forces enter Italy." Nothing could be more clear or explicit than this
language. It conveyed,in terms not to be misunderstood,the deterniimiciol,
of the government of Louis Philip to respect the independence of the Its
Han States, which were engaged in a struggle for freedom as righteous a,
that which had placed him on the throne, and to cause Austria to re-
spect them. This was in strict accordance with the explanation pre.
viously given by the same Government, on various occasions, of 116.
non-intervention principle. The observance of this principle was said
to be necessary to the preservation of the peace of Europe ; and so ii
was, for it Is quite clear that if, while one great Power rigidly alt.
stains from interference or aggression with regard to other Stut,s,
another great Power is left free to follow the wild dictates 1,1
rapacious ambition, the of Europe must be endangered.
and eventually destroyed. Wectre are two distinct principles of Cot ern.
ment in Europe—the representative and the despotic principle. IV,
need not add that they are antagonist principles, :which have long eon.
tended for the mastery, and that the former is as naturally allied to
knowledge and civilization as the latter is to ignorance and barbarism.
When France erected a National Convention on the ruins of a despotic
government in 1789, she was not content with securing to herself M,.
inestimable blessings of civil liberty, but wished them to be participated
in by other people. It was the unnatural alliance took place between the
oldest Representative Government in Europe and the despotic Government,
of the Continent against a nation in the infancy of freedom—which
alliance is the principal cause of the financial embarrassments in which
England is now placed. After the Revolution of last July, France did
not, as in the former Revolution, call upon other nations to recover
their liberties, and offer her armed assistance for the purpose. On the
contrary, she declared, as we have seen, for the principle of noninter-
vention, on the ground that it was to be mutual and reciprocal. France
thus undertook not to enter into a crusade for the liberties of nations, or
for the diffusion of the representative principle. and she required tha
other great Powers should not, on the other hand, enter into crusades
against the liberties of nations, or for the diffusion of the despotic prin.
ciple. Thus would the peace of Europe have been preserved, and every
people and their rulers left, uninfluenced by foreign intimidation, ni
settle their political disputes between themselves, and agree upon what
form of government they pleased. This principle of non-intervention
was scarcely proclaimed, when it was violated by both France and Ena.
land, along with the other great Powers, the members of the ‘• 11,4
Alliance"—with regard to the affairs of Belgium, and now the Frenci
Ministers allow Austria to violate it in Italy, by taking no steps to pre.
vent the invasion which is intended to crush the spirit of national
independence, wherever it dares to raise its bead, throughout the whole
of that once free and glorious Peninsula. Thus the principle of non-
intervention becomes an absurd mockery, which can for the future de.
ceive nobody, and had better be discarded from the catalogue of diplo.
matic terms. The French Ministers need not use this fine word any
longer, for their recent explanation of it shows that they do not mean a
universal abstinence from aggression on the part of the great Powers,
in respect to all independent States, whether free or otherwise, but an
ignominious neutrality on the part of France, while despotism is ac.
tively engaged in crushing the liberties of other people, preparatory to
the destruction of her own.

CITY, ON! O'CLOCK'.

The very determined resolution of Earl Grey, in his
speech last night in the house, to stand or fall by the Re-
form Bill, with his most excellent speech, which has given
universal satisfaction in the City, caused the funds to im-
prove this morning II per cent. Consols, which left oh
yesterday at 77ft for the Account, opened at 771; but
within a quarter of an hour went up to 79, since which the
French Rentes coining lower, a re-action has taken place,
and Consols are at present 78g I.
CITY, TWO O'CLOCK.
Consols which were in the early part of the morning done
at 79, have since receded nearly 1 per cent. may be quoted
at present at 781 for the account. This considerable improve-
ment in Consols is owing to considerable purchases having
been made for the West-end of the Town.