Star.
London, England, 1814-11-28 00:00:00

EXTR ICT 07 A LEI TER FROM HALLIFAX.

e► We are in joyous expectation that the news
which has just arrived, of Sackett's H ►rbour, with
Chaina.ey's squadron, and the land forces, basil
been taken, will be confirmed. Sir G. Prevost com-
manded by land. The channel from whence the in-
formaiion has been derived, is respectable. The stores,
&c. left behind, or destroyed on the retreat from Platt:-
burg, cost from 70 to £lOO,OOO sterling."

AMERICAN BUDGET.
' The Committee of Ways and Means, to whom was
referred so much of the Message of the President of
the United States as relates to the Finance, reports,
That Taxes, Loans, and Treasury note,„ appear to
be the resources on which we must rely :er carrying
on the war. The product of the first cannot be com-
manded in time to meet the immediate demands of
the Treasury ; a reliance on loans, in the present si-
tuation of this country, would be uncertain, and the
terms on which they would be obtained not such as
to induce a resort to them at the present moment—
! Treasury notes, combined with a sysem of Taxation
more extended than the one heretof adopted, will,
Lit is Wieve44o4liptesent, etitclk k credit, be
Isund ib latia ma tier resourceai. •
The want of medium, which, resting on a firm and
solid basis, may unite public confidence, and have a
general, instead of a local circulation, is now univer-
sally acknowledged. The stoppage of specie pill-
ments by the principal banks of the Middle States,
has embarrassed greatly the operations of the Trea-
sury, and by confining the circulation of notes totbe
limits of the States within which they are issued,has
deprived the Government of all the facilities, in the
remittance of money, which was afforded while pub•
lic coniid2nce gave to bank notes a general oircula-
tior. The notes of New York and Philadelphia will
not be received in Boston ; the notes of Baltimore, or
of the District of Columbiav will not answer for p.!)•
merits in Philadelphia. lf, by any new moditicatiiirs
Treasury notes could be made to answer the purpuirs
of a eirculating medium, between the different States,
they would gi catly facilitate the operations ni.Gor,TE.
merit, and lice hum enibarrassmera the transactions
of ii.dividuah.
To secure their circulation, it would be necessary.
Ist. 'To issue the notes in sums sufficiently :mail for
thenrdinary purposes of society : ‘2cl. To a:liv the
individual who holds them to fund them at pleasure,
id any or the Loan offices, and to receive their mooting.
in stock of the United Status, bearing an inter, •I
8 per cent. : 3,1. To make them payable to lx:..refe
and translerahte hy delivery : lth.. To mak.: th, re.•
ceivable in all payments fur public lauds and Lacs;

5:11. To pledge for the paymett of the interest on the
amount issued, so much of the internal duties as
shall be necessary. To prevent an accumulation of
circulating medium, the United States to retain the
pass er, on giving six months notice, of redeeming
them with specie, or exchanging them for stock, bear-
ing an interest of 8 per cent. If these provisions are
adopted and taxes imposed, which shall manifest'
cleariv the ability of the Government to meet its en-
gagemenrs, our present difficulties will Vanish, confi•
deece lie restored, and the capital, hoarded by avarice,
or locked up from timidity, will.be again restored to 'I
the accustomed channels of circulation.
In presenting ad3itional objects of taxation, care
has been taken to select such as will bear equally on
every portion of the community. In Europe, the
price of agricultural products is not materially affected
ny a state of war ; the produce of the earth is there
consumed within the country, in peace and in war.
The situation of the United States is totally different
—with an extensive and fertile country, and a small
population, compared to the extent of our territory,
we have annually a large surplus to export to foreign
markets, over and above what is necessary for con-
sumption. On the export of this surplus, which is
cut off by war, depends, in a great degree, the ability
of the farmer to meet taxes. While, however, war
depresses the agricultural interest, it gives vigour to
various manufactures; by destroying all foreign com-
petition, the war has brought many of these manufac-
tures to a state of perfection,whiet will secure their suc-
cessful prosecution even after peace shall be restored.
In times of difficulty and danger, we must appeal
to the patriotism of every class of our citizens. These
establishments, under the fostering hand of the Go-
vernment, have grown to maturity, and will not he-
sitate to bear, with the agricultural interests, their por-
tion of the taxes necessary to maintain unimpaired that
character for punctuality and good faith for which the
American Government has been heretofore distin-
guished. Si:veral of these manufactures have been se-
lected as proper subjectsof taxation • and it is proposed
to unite with the taxes a pledge of the public faith for
the continuance of the double duties, until the tax
shall be repealed. The Committee deem it unnecessary
at present to present any view of the expenditure for
the next year, reserving a report on that subject until
the estimates of the Treasury shall be forwarded.—
Confining therefore this report to the additional taxes
necessary for the support of the public credit, they
submit the following Resolutions:
.1. Resolved—That it is expedient to continue the direct tax,
and to increase the rune 50 per cent.
2. That it is expedient to increase the duty on spirits 4istilled,
by an additional duty of 12f cents. un the gallon.
S. Itat it is expedient to add 160 per cent. to the present
duty on sales at auctions.
4. That it is expedient to add 50 per cent. to the present duty
on the conveyance of papers and letters.
5. That it is expedient to impose a dory on the following
articles viz. manufactured tobacco and snuff, in the bands of the
snanufacturer • (=dies of tallow and .perrnaceti ; bus; cotton
yarn spun by the aid of inachiuery, worked by steam or water;
leather; pig-iron; castings; bar, rolled and slit iron ; and on
sails made by the aid of n...chinery ; on furniture, above a cer-
tain value, except beds, bedding, and articles of domestic manu-
facture, in the bands of the owner; beer, ale, and porter, in the
bands of the manufacwrer ; boots and shoes, above a certain
price, in the hane.s of the manufacturer; on plated harness, in
the bands of the owner • on vats fur the manufacture of paper ;
en saddles and bridles, above a certain price, in the hands of
owner; on gold and silver watches, in the hands of the own•!r,
on pleasure horses, kept exclusively for the saddle or carriage ;
on playing-cards. and on lotteries.

THE EVENING STAR.

LON DON.

NEXT WEDNESDAY THE SI AIT LOTTERY BEGINS
DRAWING-THE WkiOLE IS TO BE DRAWN UN
THAT DAY.

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 28. 1314.

PRICE OF ?MOCKS THIS DAY AT TWELVE O'CLOCK:

Redused 64H-4 Tser Cent. 807-5 per Cenr. Nay yD64i
Conanlb 641—fur account, Grii—Onmum
k Bark Long Anus. 161.16th—Inclia Bonds 163. 17s. pro.

Vlcboquerßills Stu. to 52. prem.

The Gazene et Saturday contains but too truly the
opinion that has been generally entertained respecting
the late operations on Lake Champlain. The brief
letter front Sir JAWS YE-) speaks ly)me to the under-
standing r,f every [Leader. The American accounts
also appeared in this Paper. It is but candid to allow
thst both General MACOMB and Commodore MAC.
DONOUGH'S dispatches are wrizten in a plain and
manly stile,. very different hem some statements of
preceding affairs—a circumsta!ice tending strongly tc.
corroborate the general ()pillion respecting tliii event.
In fact their victory was so decisive as to require in,
glossing. As we cannot doubt that all the circum-
stances attending this distressing event will, as soon
as possible undergo a proper investigation, we shall
desist from farther observations at present.
We extract the following judicious ob4ervations, on
the American question, or rather on the state of
America itself, from- the Rlunish Mercury, a foreign
journal, received ty the last Hambcrgh Mail. It ex-
poses the nakedness of the American Government in
a very forcible manner, and proves, incontrovertibly,
that a state of profound peace, and not of war, is at
all times the most fitting policy for such a heteroge-
nious body politic, as the American States exhibit :

" The course of events leads our attention to a
war which is, indeed, carried on in another quarter of
the globe, but is more important fee ours than is ge-
neralfy believed. It is the contest between England
and America. It cannot be said that America has
b~gnn it wholly without provocation ; the violence
which prevailed in these latter times, by sea as well as
by land, exposed them to many vexations from both
parties, as their ships roved in every sea, and when,
at last, she struck the balance in their books, and
found that England did them more harm than France
(which latter, indeed, only wanted power, and by no
means good will to exceed its rival in this point), they
began, like true merchants, the trial by arms with
England, which still continues.

" It is certain that this injury, which with their in-
creasing prosperity and gain they might have well
borne, was only the outward cause of the breach, and
that other secret causes bad a much greater share in

it. The first is, the hatred towards the mother
country, which still'animates these Atlantidae.—
Since they have acquired their independence, this
anger has not been appeased ; and though Britain
has long pardoned their defection, and treats them
with respect, they have, as is the manner of the weak,
never suffered themselves to be softened, but with
the noble animosity, which also among us disunites
the most those who are nearest, have continued hos-
tile to their nearly related brethren.
" As France had helped them to assert their inde-
pendence, they were from the first naturally inclined
to take part with her ; and when the Revolution
broke out, the republican forms and ideas s; hich came
into circulation brought them closer together. Thus
they continued to love the French, and be averse to
the English; and when Napoleon announced a system
of Government in the most palpable contradiction to
the principles which they professed, and at the same
time made them the• objects of ill-concealed mockery,
they still did not cease to adhere to him.

44 Mean time the public opinion in England had
constantly remained favourable to them; the war,
which terminated in their independence, had been un-
popular from the beginning—their deliverance ap-
peared to the English nation only the happy result of
lawful resistance to oppression : by the liberal Re-
publican character which the preponderant influence
of Franklin had impressed on their constitution, they
passed in the eyes of all Europe for the natural repre-
sentatives and champions of civil ar d religious liherty,
and all those who in this quarter of the glo*:e were
oppressed by the unexampled despotism of the times,
turned an eye of longing and of hope towards the
new world, where a fairer scene in the first bloom of
youth seemed to rise above the waves.
" 'Such opinions, which were echoed over to them
from every port and hat bout of the Old World, could
not fail at length of being believed by themselves,
and to lay the foundations of the most dangerous
'elf-deluding vanity. They were long since accus-
tont,:d to consider the French revolution as the daugh-
ter of their own revolt, and fer that very reason look-
ed on it with tender affection; and when the child
had become so strong that it eagLerly stretched forth
its hands to grasp the whole world, they were lost in
admiration of the glorious and great ideas which it
displayed, and resolved, on their side, not to remain
behind ; and when the French Empire extended its
frontiers from the Streights of Gibraltar to the Bos-
phorus and to the Elbe, they also dreamed in their
world, the dream of greatness, and figured to them-
selves how very fine and glorious it would be to found
there an Imperial Republic, which should extend
from Hudson's Bay to the Gulf of Mexico and then
join a South American Republic, which was on the
point of being formed of the Spanish and Portuguese
colonies.—Thus war was declared agaiaet England,
and the invasion of Canada resolvei on.

But though Jefferson in official speeches and
proclamations calls his people the most vii twins, the
most tree, and the most enlightened on the face of
the earth, it is very far from being iso, as peop:e in
the old world kindly believing such speeches, have
dreamt and fancied. America is a young State, lately
founded by migrations, as in ancient Greece the
tribes of Pelasgians, the Hellenis, and the Egyptians,
crossed each other in various directions, and settled
nearly intermingled with each other, so it has hap-
pened beyond the Atlantic ; and the various tribes
that have migrated thither have taken root near each'
other, without combining together into a uniform
whole : thus we find, close to a place that is quite
English, another that is quite German, and thus
again another all French, and so on ; who, totally
separated Item each other, have nothing in common,
either in their manner or language.
But what particularly distinguishes the new States
from similar ones in the old world is, that the °a i-
Sinai sources from which it is derived, were not wild
nervous barons, untamed mountain tribes, in t!.eir
primeval energy, as was mostly the case in the an-
cient world, but that tame civilized nations gave not
their•superfuity, but their dregs, to supply the new
Plantation, which as they settled in a still wild un-
tamed land, naturally assumed a portion of their wild-
ness, and are therefore in a state of cultivation which
does not appear like an original barbarism, but rather
as a partly forgotten civilization, degenerated into
wildness. As in children, so in young states selfish-
ness is the predominant character.

Thus the whole being of the Americans is at
present founded on interest and gain. At home
land jobbing is prosecuted with indefatigable zeal—
at sea, their ships explore every region in search of
gain. And it is precisely because the lowest animal
wants of life act with preponderant influence, while
all the higher efforts remain unexerted, that the de-
magogue principle prevails in their Constitution ;
there is there only people, only Plebs—no nobility or
gentry—only the shape of the column, without the
wreathed capital ; and therefore great talents in
every department are rare, which does not, however,
prevent slaves, both black and white, from lying
chained to the soil, who have come over from the
Old World.

Property is therefore the sole standard of esteem
and of civil liberty: whoever is worth fifty pounds
may be an elector. Even the. Government, and espe.
cially the Erecutive, must, according to this prin.
ciple, appear but like a simple flower at the top; and
in such a plant, which is, one may say, all root, it
caa by no means spread out towards Heaven a stately

'and expansive crown. In the newness of the whole
establishment, which has no history, no historical re=
miniscence can have any influence ; and it is not pos-
sible that respect for what is old and long•established
can work upon the mind and give it internal solidity:
all lies on the surface. For the same reason, the
whole edifice of that constitution is still rude—the
m.:chanism inconvenient and awkward—the admi-
nistration of justice bad ; because their Magistrates,
chosen by the President and the Senate, and not re-
gularly paid, but ~only from time to time rewarded
gratuitously, become necessarily the creatures of these
who have their fortune in their hands.

" Their religious institutions bear, every where,
the mark of this state of things. Christianity is there
divided into an innumerable swarm of the most diffe-
rent sects ; Presbyterians, Anabaptists, Methodists,
Universalists, Epitcopalians, Congregationalists,
Quakers, Moravians, all are mixed together in the
most motley variety, and the character of civilization
degenerated into wildness, here shews itself in tie most
decided manner ; since even the mild and chaste reli-
gion of CHRIST has there produced Bacchanalian-
Orgies; since in their meetings, under the clnthict
of some Priests of the Methedistical Church, crowd:
of both sexes, go from all quarters, to the obscurity of
the gloomiest forests, and there celebrate, in Ow
night, those feasts which have every thing in c )moron
with the ancient Bacchanalia, except the energy of
primeval nature, which might formetly serve to ex-
cuse them."

We have to state, on the authority of a gentleman
jost arrived (vier Bourdeaux) from. New York, that
the war with Britain is very unpopul tr in that city.
Specie is very sc tree, and the bankers asid merchan:s
find so great diificulty in making their payments in
cash, that recourse has been had to the issue of a
paper currency. Great dread was entertained lest
the eastern states should declare their neutrality, and
admit the manufactures of Britain, which would drain
the other states of the dollars necessary to p ty bil:s
drawn in payment of these commodities. The con-
tinuance of the.war is expected to produce s:ill greater
difficulties to the merchants : heavy bills had already
been drawn upon New York, in favour of Brizis't
traders, for goods carried out. They now find it dif-
ficult to send out a privateer, frlm the vigilance and
numbers of our fleet in the neighbouring seas. It is
also stated, that the Government found the war so
expensive that every gun transported to the lakes cost
several hundred dollars—the report says sor 600. It
is added, that the wages of the seamen in the nr.:r.
chant service, have been reduced, by the loss of trade,
from.%) to 12 dollars a month.

To.ttay we received Paris Pipers of Friday—yes.
:erday those of Thursday:

A letter from Frankfort, dated November 20, says:
46 Much is said at Vienna about a long conference
between Prince METTERNICH and Lord CASTLEREAGI3
arrivaltLe of a Courier from Italy, and also about
die cyder given to three Austrian Generals to pro-
ceed to Paslua, where Marshal Count BELLEGAHDE
tt ill give them further orders. At die same mo-
ment an expre,s was sent to Sir SIDNEY Sturrit, who
had gone upon a short excursion with the Prince Royal
of PRUSSIA, and this gallant ()dicer instantly returned
to Lord CASTLEREAGH!'

Count MAlsos, Military Governor of Paris, has
published a general cyder, in which he says, " winter,
of ccurse, renders the service of. the garrison of Paris
more painful,. but also more important. To combat
the enemy during war, and to watch over the public
security during peace, are duties which every soldkr
should equally pride himelf in perfuming. Tl:e chiefs
of posts, and especially the officers, should not think
their duties confined to passing 24 hours in their
guard•►com. Their vigilance should extend to all
around them; they should be attentive to the least
noise ; should ascertain by frequent paroles, that
every thing is tranquil; they should repir rapidly,
and even without waiting to be called upon, whither.
soever their presence may be necessary to restore
order ; they should cause to be arrested and conveyed
before the Town-Major, every individual taking part
in any disorder." The order proceeds to direct, that
if the persons arrested be citizens, they shall be placed
at the disposal of the civil magistrate.

The Princess CHARLOTTE of WALES and suite are
expected to leave Weymouth on Wednesday, for
Cranbotun Lodge.
Yesterday, at two o'clock, a Cabinet Council was
held, which sat till near four.
The Court-martial on Sir JAMES MURRAY is to be
held on the 16th of January next. TheJunccAovo.
CATE has issued summonses to the witnesses to give
their attendance.

his reported that the Bank is to advance,R6,ooo,ooo
to Government, to enable them to put off tl:e Loan
until May or June next. Several communications
have recently taken place between Government and the
;lank ; and a Special Court of Proprietors is appoint.
ed for Thursday next, which is supposed to have a
reference to this subject.
A t Plymouth, on Thursday last, as Mr. SADLIRPS
Balloon was just prepared for ascension, and Mr.
SA DlA:ft, jun. ready to step into the car, a sudden gust
of wind impelled it against some iron railing, which
tore the netting and did other damage, which pre.
vented Mr. S.'s ascending. The balloon, however,
was suffered to go up without him, and was after.
wards found on Dartmoor.

A CERTAIN PREVENTIVE AGAINST WEALTH
Carefully avoid CARTER'S, No. 8, Charing-cross; for
it you 'come there before WEDNESDAY, you will be
in the greatest danger of encumbering yourself with
a Capital Prize—and riches, alas bring trouble.