The Sun.
London, England, 1827-10-26 00:00:00

allow the peasantry the means of a comfortable
subsistence. By. rack-renting the land to the
larger farmers, the latter in their turns are com-
pelled to demand extravagant rents from the
.smaller farmers, to whom they sub-let portions
,of their own takings. These again in their turn
are obliged to obtain labour at a price which may
be considered a famine price to the labourer ; and
While starvation and disease are going their de-
structive round among the poor, the absentee
landlord is„Squandering on foreign luxuries and
vices the rental which, if expended judiciously
at horns, might make thousands of those who con-
tribute to produce it comparatively happy. It
suits his taste and inclination better, it appears,
to gratify his own passions at the expellee of his
country, and then impute all the evils which he
has produced ,to the excess of population.—
Morning Herald.
The Duke of Wellington's journey into the
North, and his reception there, is still a sore
subject with the Whig Journals, and, of course,
with their patrons, who feel, in his Grace's re-
turn to office, an awkward thorn again placed in
their side, which they vainly flattered themselves
they had effectually plucked out and got rid of.
It is true his Grace is not a Cabinet Minister,
but he is something very like one ; and has, if
we mistake not, much readier means of access to
the Royal ear than some of those who are. Besides,
though .his Grace is not admitted to Council, he
Can, from his snug station at the Horse Guards,
overlook the game, and probably see and know
quite as much about it as the players. All this
the Whigs, dislike exceedingly. They know the
quantum of love the Duke must entertain
towards them, who have, whenever they could,
both in and out of Parliament, vilified him to the
utmost ; and, of course, a brother of such a kind
near the throne is more than the ticklish state of
Office-loving Whigism can well bear. It is a diffi-
cult matter now, however, to run down or decry
the •Duke ; and, therefore, a hint here, an
inuendo there, is all that his defamers venture to
tort to. At present, and for some time past,
ir favourite point has been to show that the
narked distinction and enthusiasm with which his
grace has been received through his recent tour
has been entirely owing to his military fame, and
has no reference whatever to more recent poli-
tical movements. This we refuted long ago ; but
though the brains be out, the man will not always
die ; and the poet has told us .
Disarm, refute •his sophistry, in vain,
The creature's at his dirty work again.
Drowning men, it is said, catch at twigs ; but
the Whig defamers of the Duke of Wellington,
even more desperate than this, catch at the air.
AS a specimen of this, we are told that at one
ofthe entertainments given to his Grace, at which
one of his late colleagues, Lord Bathurst, was
present, the Bishop of Durham was requested to
giTe his Lordship's health, which he very wisely
detlined doing, alleging that it would be giving
a political character to the meeting. " There !"
say( the Whigs, " is a convincing proof that po-
litiCal feeling had nothing to do with the Duke's
reception in the North.' Precisely so, gentle-
mep ; and here is his Grace's reception every
where, a proof tln,t in spite of his journey having
no political object, and in spite of the most dis-
creet endeavours to avoid all political allusion,
yet the feeling would break forth, to your ever-
lasting discomfiture and annoyance. Now if the
Whigs are wise, they will drop this subject alto-
gether. His Grace may jocularly say to them,
Perhaps it were right to dissemble your love,
But why would you kick-me down staii:i ?
It is a good maxim never to make enemies in the
day prosperity of those who may be our friends
in adversity. The prosperity- of the Whigs may
not last for ever, and the day may come when
they may be glad to shelter themselves under the
Duke's wing. The Duke, no doubt; is as mer-
cifill as he is brave ; and if these puny assailants
will but let him alone, he may both forget and
forgave their pigmy
,efforts„ which, if they have
any effect at all, only tend to enhance his reputa-
tion 'and their own disgrace.—lbid.

The recent history of Portugal is remark-
able for the inconsistencies which it exhibits.
The tHeir Apparent of the Portuguese Monarchy
duridg the life time of the last Monarch, placed
himself at the head of a revolted dependency of
the Portuguese 0:011711, and arrogated to himself
the dignity and attributes of an independent
Sovel.eign. In this pretension and enterprize he
was seconded by the inhabitants of Brazil, or
rather was impelled by their ardent desire for an
independent national existence, thus to pretend
and Undertake. The King, his father, after
much delay, and with manifest and avowed re-
luetatice, agreed at length to recognize his new- •
born !Royalty, and the separate existence of the
State which had conferred it. But he did this
upon the express condition that the Crowns of
Portugal awl Brazil were henceforth and for
ever to continue separate. The first-born son
of the House of Braganzi3, in assuming to him-
self all independent sovereignty in America, re-
linquished explicitly his title to an European
Crown—nor would either his American sub-
jects, or his Father, whose authority over them
he had superseded, been satisfied without this
explicit relinquishment. But (and this is a
striking inconsistency) the Throne of Portugal
was not provided with any other successor to the
reigning Monarch at the moment when the legi-
timate Successor thus renounced his claims.
Affairs then remained in this ambiguous situa-
tion when the last Sovereign of Portugal, the
father of the Emperor of Brazil, was withdrawn
by the common destiny of mortals from the scene
of human contention and intrigue, Pon Pedro
in these circumstances resumed the pretensions
he had abandoned to an Empire in the two op-
posite hemispheres, and his pretensions were al-
lowed ; because he at the same time lent him-
self to the governing prejudices of the moment,
and flattered the infatuation which prevailed
generally throughout Europe, and which pre-
vailed more particularly in England, the an-
cient and powerful ally of Portugal—an in-
fatuation which was displayed in the ridi-
culous belief that all nations indiscriminately
are fitted to receive free political institutions.
This infatuation was quickly dispelled. The
PortugUese nation sheered unequivocally, and in
the face of difficulties the most discouraging, its
repugnance to, and its utter incapacity for, the
liberal institutions which were thus offered to its
acceptance. These feelings and dispositions
were concentrated and displayed in the manifes-
tation of an enthusiastic attachment to the Prince
Don Miguel, who, after the Emperor of the
Brazils, was next in succession to the Portu-
guese Throne. Don Miguel himself, a bigot,
in opposition to the prevalent infatuation (for
on both sides there are bigots), was demanded
by the Portuguese nation, in a voice gradually
growing stronger and stronger, for its Sovereign.
That voice was heard
,to the Brazilian shore,
and the Emperor relinquished every thing ex-
cept his nominal dignity,
.and his -hollow preten-
sions, by appointing his younger brother—(who
had on his side the Treaty which separates Bra-