The Sun.
London, England, 1842-12-27 00:00:00

THE NEW NOVEL.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.
COLLEGE LI FE,
By J. HEWLETT, M.A.
Late of Worcester College, Oxford.
Author of " Peter Priggins2 " " The Parish Clerk," &c.
Henry Celburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

year after year. The same principle applies to
a merchant who sends goods abroad, and cannot
I ook for his returns in less time than a twelvemonth•
He can borrow nearly to the amount of his
goods to enable him to subsist in the meantime
and complete his bargain. It is, we believe, the
case with the greater number of merchants, ma-
nufacturers, and agriculturists, whose produce
or ventures can only be realised in long periods,
to borrow largely on the faith of the commodities
they will hereafter have to sell.
The money borrowed, whether paper or

IMPERIAL AUSTRIAN LOAN OF 25 MILLIONS
FLORINS, C.M.
To be reimbursed with 51,331,170 Florins.
GRAND DISTRIBUTION on the FIRST of
FEBRUARY NEXT at VIENNA.
1,600 Bonds, gainini, together 1,457,360 fl., in lots of
250,000-40,000 1-187000 fl.-12,000 fl., &c. Smallest
Prize 600 fl.
10 florins are equal to 11.—a trifle more or less as per day's
Exchange.
Price of each Bond (which may be had in fifths for 1/. es.)
is 71. sterling.
Payable by Bank Notes, Money
10 Bonds 651. or fifths for 131.
26 „ 120/. „ 241. Orders, or Drafts, Primes
bursable in Frankfort, Paris, or
40 „ 2201. „ 551. London.
Lists of the Drawing will be immediately forwarded to each
Shareholder.

metal, is immediately disbursed in paying wages,
or in paying for work, or in subsisting the indi-
vidual. He obtains by that means the services
of men whose labour is completed, or whose
produce is brought to market in much shorter
periods than his own. This may, and does go
on, ad infinitum, so that there is a perpetual bor-
rowing by those who have commodities on the
way to the market of those whose commodities
are already completed. Credit is plainly the
means by which the latter and the former are
made useful to each other; and the end of credit
is to make the products of these different classes
of producers, as M. SAY will tell M. MICHEL
CHEVALIER, the market one for the other. If
there were no credit, no commodities could be
exchanged but those that are produced in equal
times, and there could be little or no trade in
the world. Credit, like every part and portion
of social and combined production, has its root in
a great natural fact; and that fact, in its case,
is that commodities are produced or brought to
market in inequal times. The object, or end,
of credit is to enable all the various productive
classes to assist each other ; and the monied man
who gives a hand to each, and whose money
is continually returned to him with interest, as
payment for the valuable purpose it serves, is
the means by which their products are made mu-
tually available.
M. MICHEL CHEVALIER also says that " Eng-
land exists under singular conditions. She is
insulated, in the widest extent of the term. In-
dustry is there carried on differently from what
it is on the Continent. Everywhere else agricul-
ture has the first rank. England gives herself up
in preference to commerce and mannfactures."
The truth, we believe, is, that England has
merely preceded other nations in developing
manufactures and trade, till they have become
preponderant in the empire, for most other coun-
tries have at the same time been acting in the
same manner. There is hardly one of them in
which the products of other arts have not gra-
dually gained on those of agriculture. That is
the necessary consequence of the progress of
mankind; men were always fed by some means
or other, and it is only in an advanced stage of
civilization that they get well and comfortably
clothed and lodged, and surrounded, in doors
and out of doors, with a great multitude of luxu-
ries and conveniences. That manufactures and
commerce should grow faster than agriculture, is
natural and necessary; but England preceded
other nations in this career. At present, far
from being insulated or exceptional, the fibres of
her trade connect her with all the nations of the
globe; she sympathises with them all, and they
are all e:.ger and desirous to become as she is—
commercial and manufacturing.
France, unfortunately, has preferred war to the
cultivation ofeominerce, and she now finds herself
almost cut off from trading with other Wagons.
No person can more deeply regret this than we
regret it, for the multiplied connections of trade
are the surest guarantees of national peace. The
French were wont to uride themselves on their
ships, colonies, and foreign trade. To the begin-
ning nearly of the eighteenth century, they were
as far advanced, or further, than England.
HumE, and several writers, have noticed how
much they had preceded us, and how many arts
England had borrowed from France. Here is a
passage from Bou NG BROKE'S Letters on the study
of history, to the same effect :
The soil, the climate, the situation of France, the
ingenuity, the industry, the vivacity of her inhabitants
are such ; she has so little want of the produce of
other countries, and other countries have so many
real or imaginary wants to be supplied by her, that
when she is not at war with all her neighbours—when
her domestic quiet is preserved, and any tolerable ad-
ministration of Government prevails, she must grow
rich at the expense of those who trade, and even of
those who do not open a trade with her. Her
baubles, her modes, the follies and extravagances of
her luxury, cost England, about the time we are
speaking of (1660), little less than 800,0001. a-year,
and other nations in their proportion.
Till that time and subsequently, England im-
ported largely from France, and imported be-
sides wines, baubles and luxuries. Now mat-
ters are changed; and France, having persevered
in carrying on war against her neighbours, to
the neglect of domestic quiet, she supposes that
she is obliged to bar out English and other pro-
ducts by a tariff, which isolates her—and, by pre-
venting commerce and manufactures from in-
creasing faster than agriculture, makes her an
exception to the general progress.

For Prospectuses and Bonds, apply to I. A. SCHWARZS-
CHILD, Banker, at Frankfort-en-the-Maine. To save
trouble, letters and payments will be received at M. A.
SCHWARZ SCHILD'S, 122, Minories, America-square,
`London.

THE
~NEXT DISTRIBUTION of MONEY
DIVIDENDS, AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED
by HIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA, contains
MONEY DIVIDENDS of £5O, £6O, £7O, £BO, £9O, £lOO,
£llO, £l2O, £l5O, £2OO, £4OO, £6OO, £6OO, £l,OOO,
£1,500, £5,000, and £25,000 Sterling. Amounting together
is 72,170 sterling.
Direct for PROSPECTUS with full particulars, Win!.
IbUT DELAY, to

HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH,
Or, to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK.

"TRINE BROTHERS having remitted during a
very short time very large amounts of Money Divi-
dends to their Correspondents in Great Britain and Ireland.
Dividends of 25,0001., 18,0001., 9,0001., 5,0001., and 3,6001.
to London; 3,6001., 8001., and 7001. to Edinburgh; 3,6001.
to Dublin ; 3,6001. to Beverley ; 3,6001. to Halifax ; 1,2001.
to Porthleaven Harbour ; 9001., 7001., and 6001. to Liver-
pool ; 9001. to Hull ; 900/. to Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; 9001.
and 6001. to Manchester ; 7001. to East Retford, Nottingham-
shire • 7001. to Colne, Lancashire ; 7001. to Ryde, Isle of
Wighl; 6001. to Cork ; 6001. to Bideford ; and 6001. to
Eiadford, &c., &c., they beg to call the attention of those
desirous to obtain large Money Dividends to the approaching
EIGHTEENTH DISTRIBUTION of LUBECK, gua-
ranteed by the Government.
This Distribution offers the possibility of obtaining mere
than 25,0001. upon One Share. 2,400 of the Shares obtain
Money Dividends of I/. and upwards.
Price of One Share, 11. ; two Shares, 21. ; three Shares, 31.;
four Shares, 4/. ; five Shares, 51. ; six Shares, 61. • seven
Shares, 71.; eight Shares, 8/. ; nine Shares, 91. ; ten
Shares, 101.

Direct for Shares, without delay, to HEINE BROTHERS
it Lubeik.

The full Prospectus, with all particulars, may be had gratis,
Ewa addressing a line to Heine Brothers.

THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 27,

Will be produced Dr. Arne's Opera of A RTAXERXES.
Artaxerxes, Mrs. Alfred Shaw; Arbaces, Mr. Manvers ; Ar-
tabanes, Mr. W. Harrison; Mandane, Miss Rainforth; Semira,
Miss Poole.

After which, Mr. Bunn's Comic Interlude of MY
NEIGHBOUR'S WIFE. Mr. Somerton, Mr. Cooper ;
Mr. Brown, Mr Meadows ; Mr. Smith, Mr. Bartley ; Mrs.
Somerton, Mrs. W. Lacy.
To• conclude with a New Comicality, called PUNCH'S
PANTOMI3IE ; or, HARLEQUIN KING JOHN, and
MAGNA CHARTA. By the Writers of " Punch." King
:inlin, Mr. W. H. Payne; Harlequin, Mr. J. Ridgway; Pan-
t,loon, Mr. Garden ; Columbine, Mrs. J. Ridgway ; Clown,
M. T. Ridgway.
Ooors open at Half-past Six, and the Performances com-
merce at Seven.—Dress Boxes 75., Second Price 3s. ,;(1. ;
First and Second Circles 55., Second Price 2s. 6d. ; Pit 3s;
Second Price 2s. ; Gallery Is.
Tickets and Places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Whit-
low, at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season
Tickets may be had.
Private Boxes to be had at the Box-office ; of Messrs. An-
drews, 167, New Bend-arcet ; Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street;
and of Mr. Sams, Pall Mall.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAY-MARKET.
THIS EVENING, DEC.

11-1:1 be performed Congreve's Comedy of THE WAY OF
THE WORLD (Adapted for Representation). Period, 1699.
Sir Wilfull Witwoud, Mr. W. Farren ; Fainall, Mr. Vining;
Marwoud, Mr. Stuart ; Witwoud, Mr. Charles Mathews;
Petulant, Mr. Buckstone ; Waitwell, Mr. Strickland; Mil-
lamant, Madame Vestris ; Lady Wishfort, Mrs. Glover.
- .

To be fon:owed by the Drama of THE BASTILE. Louis
Qua.torze, Mr. H. Ho 11; Fricandeau, Mr. Webster; the
Duchess de Montbazon, Mi.-3 Charles; Ninon Labatte, Ma-
dame Celeste.

To conclude with a Grand Comical Burlesque Bar-
letta, called RIQUET, WITH THE TUFT. Prince
Biquet, with the Tuft, Mr. Charles Mathews ; Green-horn
-the Great, Mr. James Bland; Prince Finikin,' Miss Charles;
The Princess Emeralda, Madame Vestris.

PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 27,
Will he repeated an English Version of Bellini's Opera
cf LA SONNAMBUL A. Count Rosiolph, Mr. W. H.
Weiss ; Alessio, Mr. Walton ; Liza, Mrs. T. H. Se-
vern ; Amina, Madame Eugenia Garcia (her first appearance
on the English stage); Elvin°, Mr. Templeton.
To conclude with a New Fairy burlesque burletta, entitled
THE YELLOW DWARF. Principal characters by Mr.
Oxb'rry, Mrs. Anderson, Miss Noel, Madle. Melanie Duval,
and AI. Deneze, who will make their first appearance in this
country in the incidental ballet.
Places and Private Boxes to Le had at the Theatre, and at all
the principal Libraries.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 27,

Will be repeated the new Burletta, entitled THE MER-
CHANT AND HIS CLERKS. The principal characters
*Mews. Lyon, 0. Smith, Paul Bedford, Wright, Mayiaard,
'Wieland, Miss Chaplin, Miss Brooks, and Mrs. 15. Grattan.
After which, a New Farce, called YANKEE NOTES FOR
F.NGLI4H CIRCULATION. Principal Characters by Mr.
Rice (the celebrated representative of Negro Character),
.ralessrs. Wright, Wilkinson, Maynard, Mesdames H. P. Grat-
tan, H. Beverley, and Chaplin.
To conclude with a New Christmas Pantomime, called THE
CHILDREN IN THE WOOD; or, HARLEQUIN AND
NOBODY. Harlequin, Mr. Frampton; Anti .Clown (No-
body), Mr. ieland ; Clown, Mr. 'H. Beverly; Pantaloon,
Mr. Sanders Co umbine, Miss Bullin.

Boxes, 43 Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, is. Doors open at half-put
six, commence at seven o'clock.

DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.

The Grandest Christmas Entertainments ever offered to the
Public—A lavishing outlay—All the First-rate Artistes—.
Everything of the most costly description.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 27,
Will be repeated a New Drama, entitled RICHARD
SAVAGE, in which Messrs. Hughes, Hicks, R. Honner,
J. Webster, Neville, Smith, Mrs. R. Honner, Mrs. H. Vining,
Miss Terrey, &c., &c., will perform.
After which, a New Grand Fairy Pantomime, with splendid
Scenery, Dresses, Tricks, Mechanical Changes, and Appoint-
ments, to be called HARLEQUIN PUCK; or, THE EN-
CHANTED STATUE OF THE CHRYSTAL FOUN-
TAIN. Harlequin, Mr. Harvey; Clown, Mr. C. Montgo-
mery; Pantaloon, Mr. T. Blanchard; Columbine, Miss M. R.
Fairbrother. The effects will exceed everything hitherto
attempted.

We have long ago remarked in this Journal
,hat Puseyism sprung more from political than
moral causes. It has its origin mainly in the
recognised disability of the Church to satisfy the
religious feelings of the people, and render them
contented with the State. The early Christian
Church and the Romish Church had such effects,
and hence the idea that the Church can now
only be made efficient as an ally of the State,
and as the teacher of religion, by becoming
what the early Church, or the Romish Church,
was. Hence, too, we find the Puseyites recom-
mending the abolition of pews, the revival of
imposing ceremonies, and the re-establishment
of numerous festivals and holidays, as they still
prevail in Spain and Italy. Strongly recom-
mending these latter, Lord JOHN MANNERS has
lately published a pamphlet, which does much
more honour to his good intentions than to his
wisdom. Like the Noble Lord, we wish that
our people had more festivals ; we wish to see
them at leisure to be joyous ; but that the Church
can now be the means ;of working the desired
reformation is not to be credited. To hope such
great things from her again as she effected in
the early ages, is like expecting as much from a
man after he has
when
ns
hbeen r s tried
comesa foundndbefo
re utterlyu s
p r
The Journal des Debats of Thursday last con- 4 :incapable, as
tains an extract from the first lecture of M raising to achieve wonders.
MICHEL CHEVALIBIt, at the College of France, When the Church deserved the name of the
some statements in which are worthy of a poor man's Church, she actually stood between
moment's attention, as an exemplification of him and the oppressor. In the early ages of
Ovinions across the water. He says of credit, for Christianity, the then enlightened' priesthood,
-example, that .‘its object is to render the pro- 'inheriting all the. knowledge that was preserved
duce of previous labour useful or profitable to of Rolm', and composed chiefly of Romans, was
present labour." That is, at best, only one object the oppoi ent of the barbarians, who overrun the
of, credit. When a man borrows on his bill the empire ; and it was by using their religious cha-
-1
sum of 50t, that he may complete a house he racer to 1--irotect the people that they gained
has begun to build, he is enabled by the loan to their confidence, and wonderfully increased their
command a certain portion of the products of own influence and power. England, like the
previous laitiour, by which he completes the task nations on the continent, was inhabited by a con-
he has in hand. But when a man breeds and quered and a cot..quering race; and here, as there,
rears cattle vvhiclit he cannot dispose of for three the priesthood o tten stood betweenthe people and
or four years,. and during that time lives on his their oppressors. THOMAS A'BECKETT was the
own credit, o'r the credit of others, something first man of Saxon blood who filled the See of
different takes place. He cannot appropriate to Canterbury after tho Norman conquest, and his
the end of rearing the cattle the produce of pre- quarrel with the is briefly depicted by
vious labour -.through the whole three or four THIERRY, as a quarrel of the races, in which
years, because the hulk of such produce is an- the Church appeared. as the defender of the
nasally created and annually consumed. One conquered Saxons. Is .there any chance of the
-harvest is always nearly eaten up by the time the Church now assuming that character? Will it
other is about to be gathered in. We hold M. take up the cross to defy the landlords as
MICHEL CHEVALIER'S description, therefore, to BECKETT did to defy thee -King? Will it lay aside
be incomplete, and as the principle on which its worship of wealth to tal 'ce part with labourers at
credit rests seems to us of importance, we shall
state it for consideration. six shillings a-week ?Will it protect the humbled
We lately adverted to the general fact, or peasantry against the squi'ms ? At present the
Church in England has no ilwiependent charac-
principle, that all commodities are produced in ter. It is the creature of the law, and the land-
unequal times, in order to elucidate the natural
necessary dependence of the farmer, whose lords make the law. It is th e servant of the
State • it looks most obsequious :Ty to the Crown
produce requires a year to complete it. 'that
for the protection of its enorrinnu; wealth; it has
rit ••
P per.indes all society, and is the source no longer any inherent. power, it never can
iedit—the se whose works are completed in be, as in the early ages, till it
wbolly changes
Jong periods borrowing from those whose work
its character, the protector of the
pcople against
s completed inta shorter time. The cattle breeder, I the aristocracy and the State.. Ira Lever can,
to pursue our ialustration, knows that at the end i therefore, acquire the mrdidene:e of those whom
of three Dr four years, when he will be enabled it seeks to win and reform, and, however closely
to sell his stock, that it vvillbe worth a considerable I the Puseyite propositions in ay bring the Church
sum. The, monied classes in his neighbourhood lof England to coincide I\vitb, the Church of
know that as well as he does, and on
that know-' Rome, they will fail in gaining for it that power
led ge he ca a at any time borrow, and they will I over the people which the 131 iesthood possessed 1
at my time lend hits something like the value in the early ages. Tempor;l,l benefit it can no
of I iis stock, ;to enable him to go on rearing them longer confer on them; its promises of moral

_PlaCes and private Boxes to be had of Mr. J. Kerschner, at
th ± Box-office, from eleven to four.

HIGH 'WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
vor.ning 15 minutes after 9 1 Evening 56 minutes after '9,

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