The Sun.
London, England, 1845-03-31 00:00:00

SU Miti,gAßY OF NEWS

AN D

43nblit Optition.

" ll7to runs may read."

FOREIGN.
On Thursday evening their Majesties the King and
Nneen of the French received Vice-Admiral Baudin,
Generals Se.bastiani, Pernetz de Montleyon and Davi-
n'liers the Duke de Coigny, the Duke de Crillon, the Count
~ 'Mornay, the Baron de Buss e: e, DI. LiatVires, and
lonel For.
It %las stated on the Bourse on Saturday that Marshal
Soult and M. Lacave Lapkagne (Minister of Finance)
Were confined by illness.
The Count de Pontois, the French Ambassador to the
Swiss Confederation, has arrived in Pari..
Marshal Bugeaud left Marseilles for Algiers on board
the Carneleen oil the 25th inst.
Bordeaux journal states that the camp near that
Y will consist of from 20,000 to 25,000 men under the
:'lll'and or his Royal Highness the Duke de Nemours,
whomwill be accompanied by the Duke d'Aumale.
A man named Noel des Quersonn'ires died at Neuilly,
fear Paris, on Tuesday last, in the 117th year of his
dAge- The freemasons had of late supported him, and
efrayed the expense of his interment, which took place
Thursday.
The Belgian journals are very severe in their com-
ments on the discussion in the French Chamber of De-
Vies relative to the treaty bet: eillFrance and Belgium.
he 9 are astonished that any complaint should be made
nethe Belgian Government as having taken unfair ad •
stage of the spirit of concession of that of France, and
FY, un the contrary, that Belgium has made concessions
or Which she has little in the way of reciprocity.
appears that M. Rosemond de Beauvallon, the ad-
-1.-,:rsarY of M. Dujarrier in the late fatal duel, has taken
ii)f
H;ge in Holland with his seconds. The seconds of M.
are said, however, to be still in Paris, and have
e,Sed themselves to be forthcoming for their trial.
st the Universal Gazatie of Zu' kb, of the 25th instant,
Tates that the Council of State assembled on the 24th.
titl Would appear that news had arrived o hich announced
at grave events were preparing in the west.
nM. Castillo vAvensa, the Spanish Envoy to the Papal
'trait, arrived at home on the 13th, and on the following
‘,053 had an interview with Cardinal Lsmbruschini. It
I),,re 118 reported at Rome that the differences between the
Stain were in a fair way of adjustment.
Arno POS.ICk.
OAt Liverpool, Benjamin Anderson, who was indicted
attempting to poison his wife and children, at Man-
neater, by administering to them sugar of lead, was
aquitted.
Itichard Clarke was indicted at Bury St. Edmunds for
leanding John flay, with intent to maim and disable
t 441, and do him grievous bodily harm, and also for re •
14tita. his lawful apprehension. The prosecutor, who
t 1: a night-watcher on Sir Richard Afily's preserves,
u,erved the prisoner snaring a hare, pursued and over-
°°4 him, a struggle ensued, in which the prisoner got
possession,,ed of a stick with which the prosecutor had been
and struck him on the head with it two or three
"'ea. He was found guilty of a common assault.
1., At the same assizes, Robert Drewe, convicted of arson,
lif4e3 Sentenced by Mr. Baron Parke to be transported for

COURT-FASHIONABLE.
lbViscount Melbourne is expected to return to South-
th.„(eT, onThursday next, from Brocket Hall, Herts, for
The Right Hon. W. Gladstone and lady have returned
ArtheiF residence, in Carlton gardens, from a visit to the
Llibishop of York.
i„ The Duke and Duchess of Northumberland, accord-
iet,Te Present arrangements, will leave Alnwick Castle
for "e course of next week, for Northumberland House,
~,the season.
tv,'`,,,ht.Duke and Duchess of Bedford intend to remove
-rpl Marquisey for town in the ensuing week.
t. 4,1 "e and Marchioness of Londonderry and
Alexandrina Vane contemplate a sojourn of about
t,,,l'T,toight in Paris.
tOile Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury are on
aftee_eve of quitting Paris on their return to this country,
t a residence of nearly six months in the French
Z4,12,,he Marquis of Hertford is expected to return from
-.1,`,3 towards the end of the ensuing month.
,;(11,e Earl of Lonsdale, who has been staying at Lowther
th':,.tte, Westmoreland, since Monday last, was to leave
whence seat on Saturday for Whitehaven Castle, from
tv,„7lce the Noble Earl comes to town at the close of this
tie'. Lady Frederick Bentinck is still at Rome, but is
eieted home early in May.
1),:" Earl of Bessborough and family remain at Bess-
th'"gh Castle. The Noble Earl is still suffering from
,
t,.* effects of his late accident, and is obliged to use
taches.
hj„he Marquis and Marchioness of Normanby, who
tte been passing the holidays at Mulgrave Castle, are
feted in town on Friday next for the season.
MISCELLANEOUS.
c)44l)out three o'clock on Saturday morning, a fire broke
1,„ la the house of Mrs. Bond, a widow lady, Adding-
tprsqbuare, Camberwell. The house .in which the fire
io ghtated was totally gutted. The roof of the adjoin-
(leg building was likewise burned off, the top windows
tv:Toyed, and the lower part extensively injured by
iLT. There were no lives lost.
ttiv",e clergy of the archdeaconry of Durham have re-
-4411 to petition both Houses of Parliament to repeal
Ishi Portions of the Act 6th and 7th of William IV.,
orse" Proposes to unite in one the ancient bishoprics
vomit. -Asaph and Bangor, on either of these sees be-
°g vacant
OlLvacant
Pout eight o'clock on Sunday poning, lc firo broo
the lower part of the premises occupied by Mr.
ttv„eoll,ir
Lge Freestone, pork-butcher, 29, Great Suffolk-
lik:`, Borough. The smoke was to dense for some
44'4:that considerable difficulty was experienced in as-
tir:V[lg the exact locality of the fire. Owing how•
Art; to an abundant supply of water, and the timely
ft,.;°4l of several engines, the flames were subdued be-
, jia;llY material damage was effected.
tatej,,,,Lven by stress of circumstance, the performers who
hay composed the orchestra at the Adelaide Galleryr
vilot taken refuge in " Sussex Hall " a large and com-
tatimi(es room in Leadenhall-street, well adapted for
trre„;eal purposes. Headed by M. Laurent, a series of
itt'"TlZ concerts I la Musard, are contemplated, and
Nit; the appearance of the first, which took place on
tlett4lo there is every reason to believe that the un-
,l,g will be prosperous.
ke remains of the late Bishop of Ely, Dr. Allen,
tot :Jl,,,edueespdoas3it,e.d in the choir of Ely Cathedral to-mor-
tht Sunday afternoon information was received at
I)o4mseveral engine-stations that a fire was burning on
off P
tat!he brig Betsy, Captain J. Rich, of Penryn, lying
tllice Edward-stairs, opposite Rotherhithe. For
trim time the greatest fears were entertained that the
'Tesl;el would fall a sacrifice to the fury of the
41 CI, Which were then burning brightly and fiercely
ote thle after cabin. The floating engine, manned by
Writ tlodred men, was got to work, and a vast body of
tabr Poured into the cabin. At length the flames were
NI :lied,' and all danger of their further extension at an
not before the after cabin and its contents
nearly consumed. The fire from the cabin stove,
eltas ,setue cause which is unexplained, is said to have
of jo the disaster. The vessel, which is the property
tired 15tain Tranery, of Penryn, is said not to be in-

Us
the ~l'arbe House and demesne, in the Isle of Wight,
tlite4l.°Perty of Lady Isabella Blackford, was placed under the
titate I°ll of Mr. George Robins for positive sale, to take
0,211 June next, so soon asour Queen gave notice not to
gte the purchaser. Her Majesty has very recently be-
WiAagain so much enamouredof_the beauties of the Isle of
ttii ~t, that she has now, en verite, become. the possessor of
matte ;dutiful place, signed and sealed lt is no longer a
sot to of doubt, as Mr. Robins has received an official notice
C Proceed with the intended auction.
15;14A1' TRAINS ON THE MIDLAND RAILWAY.—
11411 VIA the Easter holidays, the Midland Railway Com-
thej have been accommodating the public by running
I`l' thrains from and to every station on their line
by,lt.s were announced last week, and were duly issued.
~th - a possessor might
°' w'lleh go to any distance he chose
or dae Midland line, and return within a certain number
‘l'4l,3's, for the same money as is usually charged one
t'lv, The consuence was that, o.n. Eas.ter Monday,
tat'a availed themselves of the privileg Trains of
ka 'tern:ions length were dispatched ande received-
-141(4 Of them required three engines to propel them,
1,. earcely any could be taken without two ; while the
the 14,g of hats and handkerchiefs, and the cheering. of
/viliptielighted holiday folks, showed the gratification
N 541 thexp and the enjont. realised. In
1144; (4 leviatban-like extent of themrains,. and their
debt mass of freight of living souls, not a single acci-
s occurred.
lar„tlttoestitrin IRON TRADE.—III consequence of the
tle, advance in the price of iron which has rlveceedntolyn
Tl/41:- Yact', the Lilleshall Company have resolved
,NTl„e'llg the wsges of the numerous hands in their
the
„)? :--The men to the amount of 6d. per da, and
Pi,hB .:111cn and boys in proportion. The whole of the
t
'llll 'lld furnaces belonging to the Company are
im.
Itied.°Peration, and the advance will take placeol -
turdll4,,la'l% The colliers in the neighbourhood of d_ 4 tv,ried out on Monday week for an advance oft
titbi -' and an allowance of half' an hour for breakfas
4,1)1 'he men conducted themselves perfectly peace-
lo;'),4l.ld the masters having acceded to theire terimffes.,
l'qtie,ave returned to their work. Some littl d
thi4 Boa]ntinue to exist between the masters and
athde.
lasted getters, but it is hoped they will be soon
b""•-•-•81trewsbul y Clu onicle.
of tot/
The Earl
. 11,, OE TIIE EARL OF ROMNEY.—
I) s
*at N/ ueY died on Saturday afternoon, at his. Lords ip'
4114; iete, near Maidstone in the 68th year of his
.age. ?n
11;_lii4tIa' evening he was visited by a paralytic stroer,
thwtt from its violence, left little hope of recove. :
With ails
was immediately sent for from town., and hastened_._
14411 d;
g 3 , Pateh to the relief of his noble patient ; but skill
aN q -availing • the Noble Lord gradually sunk and e.xpire ,
1.,4(1 4,lte,d, en Sa'turda'v afternoon. The Noble Earl is suc
-c.arit-fion his title and estates by Viscount Marsham (now
o4ee: rinneY\, Member for West Kent.
.In politics the
•••ears- was a 'moderate constitutional Whig, but of late
ft'elit p„e,ravely interfered with political matters. The pre-
''''t tll4-r' was elected a Member of the House of Commons
Coll,: Western division of Kent, at the last election, on the
111832, Ziadive. erest. His. Lordship married, in February,
IlteleuclY alargaret Harriet Scott, sister of the Duke of
The
~:,:, and has issue.
4iviq „ f4cWcastle and Carlisle Railway pays its usual
tompe,ri-L ()If 5 per cent• per annum. The revenue of the
410tith8Y ha per
considerably improved during the last twelve
tlassen ' s°wing an increase of upwards of 10,9001.,
edlierl's having returned 28,5211., and goods 52,7451.
trait, i'm in fares has done much to secure this better
tetic' 4114 the interest account of the company has been
rates.;, by renewing old obligations at more advantageous

LITERATURE.

THE, PIiDIE :>.7I:VISTER; an i ical Romance.
Bji ll'. fl. G. A' I inv. G S TON.

Of all NSOi.kt; of imagination, those are preferred
which MON'. resemble truth, while of all true histories
the most fanciful and romantic is ever the most
popular. historical romance seeks to blend these
advantages. It unfolds the page of hi,tory, reveals
`• the past reflected to posterity," yet it loves to adorn
the stern records of truth with all the charms of ima-
g:nation the graces of fancy, combining instruc-
tion with amusem nt, it forms once of the most inte-

resting branches of lighter literature. Such is the
work before us—the history of stirring times. The
scene is Portugal, in the middle of the last century,
during the eventful reign of Joseph 1., or rather of
his Prime Minister, the famous Carvalho, Marquis of
Pombal. The haughty pride of the Fidalgos, the
nobles of Portugal, their unceasing struggle to main •
tain their supremacy—the machinations of the Jesuits,
snore powerful by their secresy—the character of
Carvalho himself ; above all, the great earthquake of
Lisbon and its tragical effects—these are materials
well adapted to the page of romance, and they are
described with considerable ability. The dreadful
scenes of the earthquake are depicted with vigour,
but what description can do justice to reality ?
In a few short hours twenty thousand living beings
were hurled to destruction ; no chance of safety was
left them ; those who fled were crushed by falling
edifices, while others remained to be buried by their
own roofs. The wife of the Minister caught her
child in her arms and stood in safety beneath an
arched doorway, while the bed she had just quitted
was buried in the ruins. The King had left Lisbon
that morning, his palace shared the fate of
meaner dwellings, the earthquake was no respecter
of persons. Houseless fugitives wandered in ail di-
rections, while bands of robbers, all unchecked, plun-
dered the deserted treasure's. The genius of Carvalho
rose with the danger—he hurried to the city, and by
his exertions restored comparative tranquillity. his
punishments were severe, and his measures prompt.
By-his directions the beautiful streets were erected
which now form the ornament of Lisbon. We subjoin
a description of the earthquake on the sea :
" The wildest cries of agony and fear arose from below,
where row beyond row of the thickly crowded streets
swayed backwards and forwards, like the agitated waves
of the ocean, when the first blast of the hurricane is felt ;
while the thick clouds of dust which ascended from the
falling masses seemed like the foam flying before the
tempest.
" A strong wind now blew with terrific violence, and,
as here and there a view could be obtained of the city,
one scene of havoc and destruction presented itself : not
a church, or convent, scarce a house, was standing below
them, except in the immediate neighbourhood, on the
side of the hill; and many of the houses even there were
tottering to their bas', the people hurrying through the
streets, they knew not whither, seeking for safety, and
often hurrying to destruction. Numbers had fled to a
broad quay, newly built of solid marble, where they
deemed themselves in perfect safety ; when, as it by
magic, it suddenly sank, the water rushing into the vast
chasm it had formed, drawing within its vortex, like a
whirlpool, numbers of boats and small vessels, crowded
with unfortunate wretches, who fancied that it was from
the earth alone they had cause to fear. Directly after
this dreadful catastrophe had occurred, a vast wave was
seen rising on the river, hitherto so calm and shining,
and rushing with impetuous force towards the devoted
city. The vessels were torn from their moorings, and
hurled one against the other. On came the mountain-
billow, breaking over the lower part of the city, and
sweeping off thousands who had fled to the remaining
quays for safety, returning once more to throw back its
prey of mangled corpses, amid broken planks and rafters
of the ruined houses."

The remainder of the volumes is chiefly occupied
with the conspiracies of the nobles. Many will turn
with horror from the details of the execution, and heap
undeserved reproaches on Carvalho's head. He was
cruel, it is true ; but be it remembered he was a re-
former in the widest sense of the word. He alone
corrected the abuses of ages—such evils require stern
remedies. The Fidalgos or Exclusives had for cen-
turies monopolised every office of state, all the avenues
of power; despising Carvalho as an inferior by birth,
they soon learned to dread him as a master ; bitter
was their hatred for the great Plebeian, vain their
efforts to shake his power. Possessing the entire con-
fidence of the King, who, satisfied with nominal
authority, passed his time in pleasure, Carvalho
reigned in Portugal. He was one who could " bide
his time ;" he waited till the nobles were fairly con-
victed, and then his vengeance was speedy and secure
—the power of the Fidalguia was no more. This
conspiracy is minutely detailed, and the capture of
the Duque d'Aveiro is full of interest. Perhaps the
most useful act of the Minister's career was the ba-
nishment of the Jesuits from Portugal; the minds of
all were enslaved by their artifice, their plans were
formed with secrecy and cunning, but Carvalho was
their master. The Padre Jacinto is an admirable
specimen of that powerful order which long held such
influence in the destiny of nations. With them the
end sanctified the means—to gain their object every
crime was virtue. The following extract will show the
extent of their ambition :

" Is not knowledge confessed by all philosophers to
be power? and for what are all men striving through
life but for power?' responded the Jesuit. For what pur-
pose do kings make war but to increase their power? and
yet their utmost aim is to rule over the sinews, the
bones, the bodies of men, to extend their sway over the
senseless earth which they call their own. But how far,
how immeasurably superior is the power at which we
aim ?—we would rule over the minds of men—we would
bend their insane passions to our own will, and would
make them, by those means, the tools to work out our
glorious projects. Hear me, then, and learn the sublime
idea of our founder, which, had he and his immediate
followers been succeeded by men equal to themselves,
would long ere this have been realised. his aim—how
superior to the ambition and vaunted glory of any con-
queror who has spread desolation over the fair face of
the globe !—was to join all the kingdoms of the earth
under one sceptre, and that sceptre swayed by our
hands ; ay, by the humble friars of the order of the mys-
tical Jesus."'

These are the principal historical subjects in the
work ; but fiction is beautifully blended with reality,
and many will prefer the imaginary adventures of
Don Luis d'Almeida to the real history of Sebastian
Carvalho. On the whole, more direct information
may be gained from these volumes than " Prime
Ministers" in general are in the habit of affording.