The Sun.
London, England, 1842-03-22 00:00:00

SUM"ARY OF

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FOREIGN.
In a letter from Pails, of Saturday's date, we find the follow-
ing Within the memory of the oldest Boursier in Paris, so
complete a stagnation was not observable on our Stock Market
as reigned throughout.-this day. One quotation in the Five
per Cents., and one in the Three per Cents., had only yet
been made when I left the Bourse just before the close of busi-
ness.
It was generally believed tliat the capitalization of the
Spanish Coupons would be opposed by the Paris stock-
brokers."
• A duel was fought nn Saturday morning, between M. La-
crosse, a member of the Chamber of Deputies, and M. Gra-,
nier de Cassagnae, a delegate from Guadaloupe, and editor of
the Ministerial journal Le Glob*. They fought with pistols,
`and M. Lacrosse was wounded in the leg. '1 he duel origi-
nsted in an article published 'by, Le Globe, in which M.
Lacrosse and his father, a distinguished officer of the French
navy, and former Governor of Guadaloupc, were spoken of in
offensive terms.
The domestic article's of the Paris Journals are upisn the
sugar question,, which is creating a great stir in France.
The following statement, which has- reference, to the sugar
question; is from a Havre. Paper The Chamber of Com-
merce, which had met to deliberate .on the course to be pnr;.
sued in consequence, of the decision come to by the Ministry on
the sugar question, has just separated after having come to a
resolution, that after the .formal promises given, made by se-
veral members of the it is impossible for the Chamber
to continue its functions. All the members have, therefire,
given in their resignation. Two of them, MM. Clerc and De-
laroche, leave this evening for Paris, with instructions to tender
these resignations to the Minister of Commerce, unless he
should comply with the juscrernonstrances of the Chamber."
An Address, signed by 135 mercantile houses of Havre, has
been presented to the President and Members of the Chamber
of Commerce of that town, expressive of their approbation of
the determination of resigning, which the Chamber had come to
on the postponement of the sugar question. The Address se-
verely blames the conduct of the Ministry, and declares that "after
their positive and reiterated promises to put an end during the
present year to a situation intolerale for every interest ; after
the solemn announcement made by the Minister of Finance in
the Chamber, that it was not possible to prolong the ruinous
statu quo in which all were placed ; after the sanction given to
the Government by the councils which it had consulted—an
adjournment would be an act of effrontery and a sacrifice by
the Ministry of the interests of the country'to electioneering
considerations."
The Madrid Chamber of Deputies decided on the 12th inst.,
by a majority of IL against 14, that the members of the Legis-
lature who accepted offices, favours, or decorations from the
Government should not be disqualified for re-election.
An article from Pes h, in the Journal de Frarkfort, an-
nounces the publication of the charter for establishing the first
Hungarian National Bank. It is dated Vienna, October 14,
11441, and is written in Latin. This charter, which is granted
for twenty-five years, was given on the demand of 82 commer-
cial houses in Pesth, and their names are inserted in the docu-
ment. The bank will hold its place of business at Pesth, and
its capital is fixed at 2,000,000 florins.
We find the following letter from. Constantinople, dated the
23d ult., in the Augsburg Gazette:—" A report is current that
the whole of Mount Lebanon is in a state of insurrection ;
the Druses and Maronites have united, and driven from
Deir-el-Kamar the whole of the Turkish garrison, amount-.
'ng to 1,200 men. Omar Pacha has disappeared ; but
whether he has been killed or has fled is not known. French,
English, and Egyptian emissaries are said to be spread
over Syria. exciting the inhabitants to revolt against the
authority of Tut key. This news is contradicted by several
of the embassies, but that of England neither confirms nor
denies it. One-thing is certain, the new Bishop of Jerusalem has
been pelted with stones while preaching a sermon, and that by
Christians, the Mussulmans,revnaining perfectly neuter. fhe
Druses have pillaged .a village of Maronites near St. Jean
d'Acre. The Pacha of Smyrna is said to have subjected several
Rajas, suspected of having carried off a convoy of money, to se-
verer tortures than those inflicted upon the Jews at Damascus."
PARIZLAWIENTARIC.
The Duke of Wellington announced last night that he would
this day move the adjournment to April 7. A few petitions
were received, a few papers were laid on the table, the Ecclesi-
astical. Residences Bilhcas read a second time, and a Bill to de-
fine the jurisdiction at Quarter Session was read a first time and
then their Lordships adjourned.
The Speaker informed the House that V- e petition against the
return of Messrs. Cochrane and Mitchell for Bridport is not to
be prosecuted.
In answer to Mr. Duff, Sir Robert Peel admitted that he
could make no progress with the tariff before Easter.
In answer to Mr. Lindsay, Sir Robert Peel stated that the
Governor-General of- India had been ordered to inquire into
the price of opium at the time it was eized at China.
In answer to Mr. Shaw, Lord Eliot said that no alteration
was to be made in the appropriation of the grant for education
in Ireland.
A brief discussion took place as to the business of the House,
in which Sir R. Peel expressed his determination to adhere to
his own plans, and force forward his income tax proposition as
fast as possible; thereupon Lord John Russell gave notice that
he should divide the House against it at every stage,
The House went into a Committee of Ways and Means, and
the resolution to impose an income tax was again put.
Mr. Hawes opposed it in a speech of some length, concluding
with a declaration that he would oppose the measure by all the
means in his power.
Mr. Alderman Thompson supported the resolution, and held
up some raffish states as a warning for us.
Sir W. Clay admitted the financial difficulties,, but con-
tended it could be remedied without having recourse to a pro-
perty tax.
A considerable debate ensued, Mr. C. Wood and Sir George
Grey being two of the chief speakers, which terminated at a
Quarter-past One, after two divisions, in both of which the
Tories had large majorities, by the Chairman reporting pro-
gress and obtaining leave to sit again on Wednesday.
PIYELIC °PINYON.
The Morning Post observes, in reference to the income
tax The Minister does not deny that there are objections
to the tax which he proposes. He does not deny the force of
the objection that it institutes an inquisition into private affairs ;
but, apart from that, he declares his belief that it is one of the
best of taxes ; and he maintains that considering what it is ne-
cessary to do, consequent upon the continued neglect of the
late Government, it is the least onerous and most just tax
which he could propose. The Whigs would prefer taxing the
people's food by a fixed Bs. duty on wheat, and additionally
taxing the various articles which the mass of the people con-
sume 1"

The Morning Adcertiser thus notices the master-nuisance
of the income tax :—" It is not the amcunt of money taken
from the pocket, burdensome and oppressive as that will in
many instances be, but it is the mode in which the assessment
will be made, that will be found to operate with the greatest
severity on those who see called upon to contribute to the in-
tended income tax. In every place there will he local com-
miss'oners, whose invidious duty it will be to pry into the cir-
cum tances of their neighbours, and, as it is chiefly in his
own vicinage that every man desires to be free from scruti-
nising curiosity, it may be conceived how generally obnoxious
will be the carrying into effect of the plan proposed by the Go-
vernment."
The Herald denounces the income tax in the following
striking and sensible terms:_." It is urged that as the tax has
only to endure for three years, and that as, even during that
period, the payers will be compensated by the reduced cost of
living, and the rew impulse which will be given to trade and
industry, the objection to levying an equal impost on income
derived from labour and property is unimportant. Were the
abandonment of the tax at the conclusion of three years as
certain as the compensation, we might admit—as indeed at
first we were inclined to do—the practical unimportance of the
objection. But what assurance has the country that the tax
is to el dtare only for three years ? The sanguine " hopes"
of a Minister in proposing the impost are the only gua-
rantee. Sir Robert Peel, it cannot be overlooked, has
not urged a single argument--not the shadow of an argument
—in support of the uniformity of the tax he has proposed. All
that he says is that the tax " ought to be universalv made
upon all the income of the country," upwards 'of 1501. We
assert that it ought not, because a tax on the profits of trade
and professions is frequently a tax on capital and expenditure ;1
because the profits of income are fleeting and evanescent ;
because such profit depends on ability to labour, on health,
public tranquillity, and a stable course of trade ; because the
average of three preceding years', or of even the previous year's
profit is no proof that it is the existing amount of profit ; and
because the amount of profit, on a return of sales, atter dis-
oharging trade expenses, is not a just criterion of the amount
of profit really received by the trader. Bait, defective, and
oppressive as is the French system of licensing trade, it is a'
thousand times more, just in its operation than the levying of a
uniform per centage on incomes, however derived."
The Morning Chronicle says :—" An income tax is bad
enough in itself; but Fir. Robert Peel certainly contrives to
add to its intrinsic mischievousness, by the -violence of the
means to which he has recourse for the purpose of imposing it'
on us. To carry such a measure without allowing the people
to express an opinion on it, seems to us to be among the
greatest outrages on the rights of the' subject that any Minister,
with a servile majority at his back, has ever ventured to per-
petuate since the,revelntion. We are firmly of opinion that
suet) is the general determination to support the honour of the
nation and the efficiency of the public service, that the coun-
try 'would have submitted without a murmur to almost
any other tax than an income tax. But even supposing
that the vice s were sound with regard to the gene-
ral run of taxes, it would not hold good in the
Case of so entire a change of the whole, system of tax-
ation, as Will be introduced by the adoption of an income
tax in time of peace. If now adopted, it is not going to end
with a mere three per cent. and a three year!' duration. It
is far more probable that the only change made at the end of
three years will be'in augmentation of the per centage, and a
riveting of this intolerable burden on our shoulders by the
abolition of the existing sources of revenue. We should be
the last to recommend to the Liberals in Parliament a merely
obstructive policy, or to delay the Minister for the mere sake of
delay and annoyance- But to delay bad measures until the
country shall have had the opportunity, of speaking out, is a
Toirveosnisttilorne.;it
ainsdontehoosfet.
whehoc,hioeuf
advantages
fi aobf I ea
Parliamentary obstruction.
appealing to public opinion, do
such a question, 'shrink from
not take the right course, if their object be that of either not
long being in opposition, or that of serving their country while
in opposition.
The Times, recurring to the question of the income tax,
says---" Tax' those who can afford to pay—taz 'those who are
to benefit by the taxation. Tax all, therefore, in proportion
throughto their
it wealth.you t
xTax a
that
incomewhich
ifs youthe
sourcelike, b
ofut
ut
oa
ox it
o ;tax i
only so far as it is a representative or pledge of wealth. To
saddle it in all its different shapes with one uniform -rate of
payment for a limited period is unnecessarily to misplace bur.
tlens, and to run counter to a principle of equity so obvious and
undeniable that Sir R. Peel himself cannot help announcing,
if
even while in the act of violating it. We are sorry that Sir Ro-
bert Peel's measure, so boldly conceived and so ably suk ported,
should be soiled by this blot. It has laid on us the necessity of
saying that which we would willingly, if we could honestly,
have avoPed. Such as it is, however, we must speak our
minds of it."

NAVAL AND
Lieut.-Colonel Deriazy has received orders to augment that
ins corps, the 86th Royal Regiment, to 1,000 strong, and to
hold himself in readiness to proceed to India as soon as possible,
Law AND POLlCE.Judgment of Death was recorded on Thursday last at the
Strtri,rdshire Assizes, against John Lovett, convicted on the
preceding Tuesday of burglary with violence. He will be
transported to the severest penal settlement.
An action for slander between Dempster Heming, Esq.,
and wife, 'against Power, and to which the defendant had nlead..
ed " not guilty," was tried at the Leicester Assizes on Satur-
day ; the damages were laid at 2,CCO/. The case turned-upon
the alleged denial that Mrs. Heming, wife of the plaintiff, had
been libelled as not being the sister of Mr. Alle3ne, but his as- '
sumed wife. The jury, after the trial had recopied the whole
day, found " one farthing damages" for the plaintiff.
A second dividend of one shilling in the pound (amounting
to 45,C33/.) was declared on Saturday upon the joint estate of
Messrs. Wright, Biddulph and Co., the bankers, in the Bank-
ruptcy Court.
LITERARY AN SCIENTIFIC.
The practicability of atmospheric railways has been fully