The Sun.
London, England, 1829-08-29 00:00:00

their wants be all supplied, the occupiers of land
would starve. It cannot excite wonder, there-
fore, that they should retain their property with
a tenacious grasp. Among the wants of the
poor may be reckoned habitations. In every
parish are to be found young men and women
who would marry, were it not for fear of want.
Give them what the law entitles them to de-
mand ; give them cottages, and supply them
with sufficient food, marriages will immediately
take place, and by an immutable law of nature,
in fifteen years their numbers will be doubled.
With seven acres of land, and a disposition to
build cottages, any one in a few years might ruin
the most affluent parish in the kingdom. Sen-
sible of this, a near relation of mine in North• .
amptonshire, when he came to his inheritance,
called his tenants together, and inquired how
many families would be sufficient for the culti-
vation of the soil. Having gained information
on this subject, he built a little village, esta-
blished in it the number of families required, and
pulled down every other cottage in the parish,
that he might limit the number of inhabitants,
and prevent unlimited demands on his estate.—
In Monmouthshire, Mr. Vaughan, some fifty
years ago, pulled down every cottage, and took
workmen from the surrounding parishes. These
were gentlemen of more than common forecast ;
hut in most parishes the disposition is rather to
destroy the existing cottages than to erect new
ones." We may oLserve that the pressure on
the poor's rates in several of the home counties
has led to the placing husband and wife in dif-
ferent wards of the workhouse, to prevent all
increase of numbers.—Morning Chronicle.
The interest excited in professional men, by
the pending naval investigation into the conduct
of Captain Dickenson, has latterly had no pa-
rallel. We repeat the sentiment of one of the
most distinguished ornaments of that branch of
the service, in saying that we must revert to the
trial and execution of Admiral Byng, for
any inquiry purely naval, which produced a si-
milar excitement. The causes of this intense
and general anxiety are not to be looked for in
the nature of the charges preferred, tardily and
reluctantly, by Sir Edward Codriugton against
Captain Dickenson, but in the disclosure which
must inevitably be made by witnesses perfectly
competent, of the principles and instructions
which guided the movements of that triple naval
combination which terminated a long series of
equivocal demonstrations, by the decisive affair of
Navarin. In that view of the subject, there is an
abundant supply of materials to interest the cu-
riosity of the general politician ; but there is
another and still more delicate topic, which has
hitherto proved a stumbling-block in the way of
an investigation, unwarrantably procrastinated,
and which nothing short of an imperious neces-
sity would have brought to issue : we allude to
the differences which existed here in the highest
quarters, on the subject of the proceedings of the
combined squadrons in the Mediterranean. What
the exact nature of those ,differences was, has
never yet been distinctly ascertained ; but • that
they were of no trivial or ordinary description is
manifest from their results —the resignation of

the office of Lord High Admiral by the first
Prince of the blood, and the recall of the Gal.
lant officer who had achieved a splendid victory
It will be observed that, in this early stage c
the proceedings, allusion has been already made
to two sets of instructions—the one verbal, the
other written—and the existence of an inconve-
nient discrepancy between these two official chan-
nels of communication, is admitted ; and it is the
opinion of the best informed and most expe-
rienced naval characters, that it will be utterly
impossible to award substantial justice, or come
to satisfactory conclusions, IN ithout a full and
unreserved disclosure of the instructions given,
as well as the discretionary powers vested in the
British Admiral.—/bid
The departure from Europe of the Portuguese
Princess, or, as we may now more correctly
speak, of the Brazilian Princess, Donna Maria
da Gloria, is an event by which we trust a final
end will be put to the miserable intrigues, the
unprincipled fabrications, and the agitating ef-
forts of a faction in Portugal, which no authority
belonging to that country acknowledges, and
which the Portuguese people almost unanimously
abjure. This event is unquestionably favourable
to the interests of England, which require sta-
bility in the Government, and tranquillity among
the people of Portugal, as the most effectual
guarantees of those commercial and political rela-
tions by which the two countries have so long
been united. But it is not therefore to be as-
sumed that the British Government have had
any share in preparing it. Left by the blunders
of a former Administration—the effects of that
too ardent Liberalism which saw in the word
Constitution a talisman against every disorder
and every evil—in a false position with respect
to Portugal, the British Government has been
bound to a neutrality which the interests of Eng-
land and of Portugal equally disavow—an absurd
neutrality between the Portuguese nation on the
one hand, and a few active and intriguing indivi-
duals, who disguise their selfish ambition under
the names of patriotism, loyalty, and the love of
free institutions, on the other. The obligations
of this neutrality—absurd and injurious as they
have been, operating as they have done solely to
the advantage of a cabal which has nothing in
common with the Portuguese people—have been
strictly observed by the British Government,
which steadfastly adheres to the doctrine that a
due regard to consistency and good faith ought
in all possible circumstances to outweigh every
other consideration. The British Government
then has neither done nor omitted any thing in
order to promote the removal of the Infanta from
Europe, although this occurrence tends evidently
and powerfully to disembarrass its councils and
advance its policy, It ought to be distinctly un-
derstood throughout Europe, that the daughter
,of the Emperor of Brazil is about to return to
Ameeiga at the express desire of her father, and
that this arrangement has not been the result of
British conduct 01 even of British suggestions,
direct or indirect. If we were to speculate
noon the motizes which have actuated Don
.1-14tiiiro to take this important step, by which
he in effect relinquishes the last hope
of establishing iis Family and his Consti-
tution in Portugal, we should conjecture that
the various intelligible hints he has received from
tiee Brazilian legislature and people have at
length cot;iineed him of the danger of playing
any longer a doubly game. The Brazilians had
become suspicious, and had displayed by symp-
tom e the most unequivocal, their jealousy, of an
Emperor, who so long as he clung to the- hope
of exercising supreme authority in Portugal,
could not be entirely a Brazilian. They loved
net a ruler, whom by means of a revolution they
had created, and whom by the same means they
could at any time displace, who appeared so
much disposed to play at fast and loose with
them, or who manifested so much anxiety to