The Sun.
London, England, 1827-12-25 00:00:00

LONDON MEDICAL GAZETTE.

- -
This day was pubii;hed,PriCerl. or stamped (for Country
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THE LONDON MEDICAL GA-
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---
COntents :—Observation;On the Diseases of the Urethra,
Bladder, and Prostrate Gland, by .13: C. Emilie, F. R,
Case of. Hydrophobia, by J. M.D.—Ou the Effects
of lodine in Chorea, by W. Gibney, M.D.—Medical At-
tendance on the Country Poor—Regulations of the Apothe-
caries—Gethrie v. Wakley—Medico Chirurgical Trans-
actions, Yol. XIII. Part 2—Hospital Reports; St. George's
Hospital—Fatal Cases of Phlebitis, Carcinoma of the
Stomach ; Middlesex Hospital—Carious CISeP ; St.
Thomas's Hospital—Operation for Hernia ; Guy's Hospital
—Amputations; Bartholomew's Tlospital-:-Extirpation of
the Xye--London Medical Society—Westminster Medical
Society-Singular Craniutn—Earthen Pot in the Vagina—
Patient with the Plernia3--Adipocire—Beards—Blutnen-
bach's Manual of Natural History--Epigram on " a Law-
rence," &c. &c.

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FOR COUGUS.
PECTORAL ESSENCE OF COLTSFOOT.

qIHE Herb Coltsfoot has long been distia-
guisbed .for its excellent properties in the cure of
Coughs, and other Pulmonary Complaints ; and this Es-
sence has, in.the course of a long practice, been found the
most safe and Iffeetual remedy for Coughs, and all' Dis-
orders of the Lungs. It gently opens the Breast, and im-
mediately gives liberty of bresthing, without any danger
of taking:cold, and thus it .atibrds great relief in Asthmatic
Complaints. It allays the tickling which provokes fre-
quent coughing, cleanses the. small glands, relaxes the
fillies, and thereby enlarges . the cavities of the vessels.—
Thus it will prevent ConsumptiOns, if taken bet re the
Lungs arc ulcerated. It softens husky. and dry Coughs,
and heals rawness and soreness of the Chest. . .

This Pectoral 12.ssence is prepared by JAMES RYAN,
Surgeon in Bristol ; and sold in Bottles at 2s. 9d. and
Ss. Gd. each, by F. Newbery and sons, 45, St. Paul's
Church Yard ; J. Sanor;er, 150, Oxford-street ; W.
Pegg, 29, Dania-attest, Dublin ; and in rnomt Country
Towns.

Observe the name F. llzwami.Y, 44, St Paul's, eat-
graved iu the S.tatup.

x~~.

FLANNEL TRADE.—:—We have very great
pleasure in being able to state the fact, that the Rochdale
flannel market, 'fast Monday, was the meet brisk, and more
business done (particularly in the coarser tlannels, of which
scarcely a piece was left in the banns of the manufacturer)
than has 'leen known for a great length of time, at this
season of the year. This is particularly happy tidings for
the weavers, since it affords an almost certain pledge, that
they will find as full employment through the winter, as
they now happily experience.--,Rochdale Recorder.

The weather has continued very stormy during
the Week. Rain, bail, thunder, and lightning we have lia7l
almost daily, •with very violent winds.' We have not heard
of much damage done in this neighbourhood ; but kin- the
accounts from-the sea coast will be most distressing. At
Low Sisergh, near this town, the family of Mr. C. GAR-
NETT had rather a marrow escape from the electric fluid on
Thursday. They were sitting at dinner, and•were suddenly
driven from their seats, and a dog which was calmly beak-
ing himself before the fire WMa made to spin round like a
boy's top. No &trove was sustained; but at Beathwaite
Greene poor man of the name of PICARD bad his arm broken
by the same subtle "Westmoreland Advertiier.

A Correspondent observes—lt is calculated
that tea thousand steam engines are now at work in Great
Britain, performing the labour of more than equal to that
of two hundred thousand horses, which, fed in the ordinary
war, would require above one million of acres of land for
subsistence, which is capable of supplying the necessaries of
life to more than fifteen hundred thousand human. beings.
But, when the casualties to the breeders, and the numberof eztra horses necessary to supply accidents, are taken into
consideration, which . may be stated at one in ten, the
number then will he, work of two hundred and twenty
thousand horses saved; by which one million one hundred
thousand acres are liberated for the support of one mil-
liot
six hundred and, fifty thousand men, or nearly one
fifth of the population .of the kingdom : besides enabling
us to produce in the foreign-market, articles of a very
superior rateior manufacture, and at a very much'
without which We could not go into the market at all, and
the ,millions of People employed on them must 'Starve.
Cstipbriurt.

In my former communication I gave a brief
chronicle or history of this Church, or 'religious
house, from its foundation to the period of the
Charter granted by Queen Elizabeth (21st May,
1560.) From this Charter; as well as in many
firmer instances, it
,does not appear what were
the specific privileges granted to the Dean and
Chapter; but from'some subsequent proceedings,
it is evident that of a sanctuary for debtors was
among the number. ThiS privilege was (among
others) 'stated to have been originally granted by
King Edgar,' but as the Charters by which. this
and other alleged privileges were supposed to
be granted, not . only in the name ,of King
Edgar, but also in the names of Archbishop
Dunstan and Edward the Confessor, -published.
from the Cottonian, Lord Hatton's, and Sir.
Henry Spelman's Libraries, and from the
Archives of the Church of Westminster, front
their style, inconsistencies, Norman phrases, and
the manner of affixing .the seals to them, were.
proved to he, spurious, the, Parliament. were
induced to interfere to take away this privilege,
and in 1566 an • Act was introduced into the
House of Commons to discontinue it. Against
this measure. the Dean and Chapter petitioned,
and upon the hearing of Counsel, and also the
Dean himself, it was not then pressed, but in the
21st James I. this, and, it is believed, all other
sanctuaries; were suppressed.
In respect to the other privileges granted by
this Charter, it is obvious'that they were of a
nature insufficient for the general government
and internal arrangement, of the Church, for
upon the appointment of the first Dean (Wm.
Bill) he immediately commenced, . and took
great pams,in drawing up,,soms statutes ; he,
however, enjoyed the appointment but a little
time, having died on the 15th July, 1561, and being
consequently unable to accomplish the design. His
successor (Dean .Goodman) appears to have
been equally zealous, and endeavoured several
times (without success) to procure the Royal
Assent to the Statutes so drawn up.
.No particular event between this period and
1637 appears to,. have taken place, when the
Prebendaries designedly brought a Royal Visita-
tion of the Church, against the then Dean
(Bishop Williams), tipbn which he was sui-
pended, imprisoned, and fined.
During
,Dean Williams's imprisonment two
Royal Commissions holed, dated 21st Nov.
1637, and 16th February, 168879, authorising
the Sub-Dean and Prebendaries to hold Chap-
ters, and do all necessary business for the Col-
lege, which they continued to do until the
public disorders which occurred at this period,
when tliis and other reliiious houses were assailed.
In 1643 the House. of Commons interfered,
aril took upon .themselves the superintendence
of this Church. On the- 24th April a Com-
mittee was appointed to receive information, and
to demolish any moninnents of superstition, &c.
On the Slat May the copes of the, Church were
ordered to be burned. On the Sd June the
doors ofthe Treasury, where the Regalia were kept,
were forced open (against the protest ofthe Pre
bAdaries), and an inventory taken and submitted
to the. House. On the 21st August : the Sub-
Dean and Prebendar timere ordered to .grant
' the use. of the. pulpit
,on Sunday qfternoons,
such Lecturers.
,as the Commons should appoint.
On the .13th, Jan. 16434, sixteen Members of
the House of Commons were appointed .a Com-
mittee, to inquire into the state of the Church ;
and in May following the plate belonging to it
was ordered to be, melted, and the produce ap-
plied to the payment of the officers, and the ge-
neral purposes of the. Church.
These harsh measures having driven way the
Dean, Sub-Dean, and Prebendaries, an ordi-
nance of the two Houses of Parliament was made
.(18th November, 1645), by which the Govern-
ment was put under a CoMmittee of Lords and
Commons; who in the first instance were restrain-
ed from granting leases for more than three years,
but which was afterwards extended to twenty-
one years. By. this ordinance, 2001. per annum
was allowed for sermons . preached on Sundays,.
and 50/. per annum, besides a Prebendal-house
for each, to seven persons, to give a daily Morn-
ing Exercise or Lecture.
By an Act passed in 1649, the School and
Almshouses were directed to be continued and
maintained, and from the records it appears that
at that period the eXpenee of the Sago!, Alias-
houses, Weekly Poor, the Preachers, and support
of buildings,: was computed at rather more than
1,9001. per annum.
On , the King's restoration (1660). the
government of the Church resumed its
old form, when Dr. Joini Earles was made the
Dean, and on the sth July folloWing four new
Prebendaries were installed. The new Dian and
Chapter repaired the Church, augmented their
Vicarages, and, no doubt; after adverting' to the
set-outs made in 1560,1.603, 1638, and the
severai benefactions which had accrued to the
Church generally, a Code of Statutes was agreed
upon, and also a graduated scale, as to the dis-
tribution of the respective revenues of the
Church, to the,, several Dignitaries and Officers
of the establishtnent, ac,cording, to the different
-eituations.
It is generally lOteved that this Code of
Statutes, and also the so le or set-out of the dise
position of the revenues, ri,,eived the sanction of
the Legislature ; but which le is, perhaps, now
difficult to prove or establish, ~,,,,clmuch as in the
'year 1694 allthe valuabk above
200 (except one), belonging to the Library of
.this Church, were burnt, and it. is stated that
eopies'Of the greatest number of. them are no
where else to be found. It must, however, be
obvious from the preceding detail, that the Go-
vernment, either by their Great Councils or Le-
gislative Assemblies,' have uniformly exercised
and maintained the right of interference, and of
appointing, suspending, and • removing the
Monks, Abbots, Deans, and other Officers of
this Church. Indeed, so far back as the reign
of Henry the First, . it appears • TWAT TN MAT-
TERS RELATING 'SOLELY TO THR
PLINE OF THE CHURCH,- there were assembled
in the Great ;Councils, Laymen as well as
Clergymen, and this association, made at
the particular desire of the. Clergymen them-
selves---" quatenu,s, quicquid, epsu ; A
ein concilii
auctoritate decerneretur, utriusque ordinis con-
cordi cura et sOcitudine rattan
seyvaretur." In
those times these assemblies.
440. canons t() re

is almost the only manufacture 'Which haa succeeded_ it)
our city, that of spirits and ale excepted. Tbe value of
the shawls made in' this country now exceeds that of
any single branch of manufacture 'in cotton, silk, or wool.
The best shawls •at this, day are like small ,carpets in.
size, and of the most complicated patterns, often (mi..;
tainhig- a dozen of different colours. it may .surprise
some persons to learn, that in working these shawls
five persona are frequently 'employo4l at the same
loom ; that the di'aNVing of the rlttern on paper for
the. weaver's guidance, occupies t-, skilful individual six
or nine months, and that it Ufihires two persons two
or three months More to read 'it olf,, as it is called,
or to arrange the harness of the loom foe working it.—
Thus a year's labour is sometimes expended before a
single specimen 'of the work is obtained ; but,' of course,
the preparatory labour once performed, serves for the,
whole web, which may consist of 'two' or three dozen.
of shawls. Here lies. the disadvantage of the :In lion
Weaver. Time am! patience with him supply tie want
of maeitinery.- He lay* in his figures by a profess anaio-
gotta is.hel;iiAim) to tapesiry work, and the, labour ex-
perltA Mailatirst shawl is repeated for every one that fol-
lows. Hence it is that the British weaver working at five
abillings a day, makes a shawl which sells at 20/. or 80/.,
while the Indian weaver,' workinz awt 1. or ZN. a day, can-
not snake a shawl of equal beanty and real value at less
than 150/. In 18t5, we noticed the great improvement
made in this article by the introthietion of a new material,

the Cachmere wool, which enabled the manufacturer to
give. his fitbries the softness and warmth, and the brilliant
colours of those of India. The wool. was at first used
merely for the body or plain surface of the shawl, to
which the figured border and ends,. made . of silk,
or of silk mixed with cotton or wool, Were afterwards
attached. In this respect the British nuttiufacture
fell short of 'the 'perfection' of the Indian, which
is all of one material, !sot experience developed the
means of executing further improvements. First, the
great difficulty of executing any figured work entirely it,
wool was surmounted ; the ornamental part was worked
in wool in one fabric with the plain
.body; and only
the borders were made separately of the old- Materials, and
attached by sewing, .By alry; by nuns were found of dis-
pensing with his diVision of parts entirely; and shawls arc
now made in this city of. the largest sizes, and very compli-
cated patterns, with the. middle, the border, and the cncle,--
the whole ShaWl, in short, as it is worn:-..--in one piece, and
the fabrio entirely of wool. Perhaps it is foolish to attach
so much importance to this unity of substance and fabric,
for the sutures in a joined shawl cannot be distinguished
when it is on the bearer's back ; but fashion, whiCh
a despot, will have shawls made on the Indian Mo-
del. The:lndia manufacture, no - douht owes its • cense:
(pence partly to its intrinsic incrit,• but partly also to
its being costly and far-fetched. A lady with a shaWl
her shoulders Which has cost 5001. must be somebody.!
The trade in the article, however, is now following the. fate.
of the tradeln inuslins. Though the Hindoos have been -
weaving shawls from the Cali-Yng and the tut incarnation
of Bramah downwaills, "the British manufacturers who
began the trade only 'thirty years ago, already outstrip
them so immeasurably in lowness of price, that no small
number of Edinburgh-made shawls, now find a market in
ilas well as of the India shawls,
go6la
tolgFhrar.alciea,nywh'iertieletn too,h'etaste for shawls is extremely pre-
valent. The Ftenelt wearers, according to the' testimony
of a friend who has examined their wort: on the spot, are
remarkably neat-handed, patient, and dextrous. They
make sheWls equal in beauty to any that are made in Bri-'
taro; but their process is more tedious, and the price of
course, higher._Scotsmrtn.

DISTRESSING AND FATAII AOCIDENT.-
We lament' to say, that a fatal accident belch the Rev.
'HENRY Forruertour., Corate of Castlemorton, 'in this'
county; o: Alonday night :—On the above day, Mr. IZ,
had been to Castlemotton, and on his return he *topped at
the White Lion, Upton ; he left this house between 10 and
11 at night, for his residenc‘h Foal-Louse, a short distance
from Upton : the waters ,being nut, be deviated from the
diTect line of road, near a spot where there was a saw-pi
not protected by any fence; on approaching the pit, which
was seven feet deep, and full of water, it, seems probable
that his horse stumbled and threw Nina into the pit, for in
this place hii body wag found yesterday afternoon. Mr.
F. cohiltreted an acar!emy for young gentlemen.— Worces-
ler Journal.

SHOP_T ACCOUNT OF ANECOPITIqC CuA-
itacTEit.--In the year 1812, Jaart Roy, alias Reo
died in the parish of Knockiudo, in this county. Con-
ceiving at an early period of her life, a decided ckversiom to
her own sex, this most eccentric individual 1-0-olved ta,
conceal the circumstance of liar being a woman, as far a.
it was practicable, by assuming the character of a man.
For this purpose she began to 'shave herself regularly, un-
der the impression that she could thereby so far improve
"uppa nature, as to cause a beard to grow. Although,
however, disappointed in this particular, she was not to hr
frustrated in her singular . project. Procuring a tartar
philibeg, a short coat, and blue bonnet, she dressed Irv:sell:
in these;and went through the country seeking employ-
ment as a day labourers When einioyed. in this Capacity
she executed an equal quantity of work with any ordinary
.Neither4easonnor ridicule could induce her t,
abandon the, strange notion she had adopted. , She per.:
severed'in it in spite of, every effort to reclaim her, until
the Chi% of her life at the aged seyeyty.—Elgin Courier.

• The publication of- the follotiving melancholy
I narrative of shipwreck IL is 'considered may'be
highly beneficial to that class of the community
trading to Quebec, and the different poits in the
Gulph of St. Lawrence, who to this day -(vith
a few 'exceptions)-are not aware, 'in the:eVent of
misfortune in the Streights of
.13elleisle,-of their
contiguity to inhabitants:— - •
" On the Bth of Nov. 1819, at 11 P. M, the
F brig Paragon, of Borrowstounness, in Seat-
[. land, Captain Thomas Mitchell, froth :QUebec
• to Greenock, lumber laden, struck oil a ledge
of rocks; called Flow Ledge,' in the Strieghts
of Belleisle; and a very heavy sea run-
ning at the time, the crew. were obliged to cut
away both masts by the 'board, and soon after
the vessel struck; the cabin and half-deck were
filled with water, and the sea made a fair breach
over her, until the tide ebbed, when it became
smoother. At day light they found that the
bottom of the vessel was beaten out, and'the land
was seen to the southivard, distant about 4-Mire
turd a. half. With great difficulty they got the
long-boat out ; and had (after putting some pro-
visions, clothes, &C. into her), all hands just gait
into her, when two heavy seas broke over, filled,
said sent her adrift. The Captain, carpenter.;
and one seaman, were so fortunate as to' cafeli
hold of ropes, and got on hoard; but the otiarita
eight in number (amongst Whom was the Cap-
tam's brother), although 'they struggled Italia, -
were drowned. The survivors were so benumbed
with cold that they could render no assistance,
and were subjected,. in addition to -their owia
bodily, sufl'eringsa to .witness the heart rending
scene of the dying struggles of their. ship-mates; .
'who clung to their .aides, and implored—aliii.l
washed
smYi
jeinndartei :vain--for
aloiseff
another;
ru
et t.
situation
tehui reeeatfr:heiNnt:o(viini.lrs,
iesnoelrevlafiame,
the
ijsi(s).,
sew brokett
fesbriuheeig.ree;lff
psi)
vtoaalioenino).
helpless
ssa
, ia"y' teas
ILe7tchsotel dyanpawpneac.rli
were
wet,igb ießtalleatnto(l
satbratetl bread toasatisty the-cravings of hunger
,until the 101 h, when: they , were
.enabled to get
out th.c skiff (which most providentially had not;
been'stove)..and run in shore. On landing,' net
a Vestige of human habitation could be seen ; the
gkound was covered knee-deep with snow; and,
to tdd:to their miseries, the captain, whose gun
and powder-flask were dry, in endeavouring to
kindle a fire, bad his face so much burnt, by an
explosion of the flask,- as to -Cause almost' total
blindness. As a forlorn hOpe, they agreed again
to board. theawreck, get some more provisions,
and set sail along the coast, whichever way the.
wind should prove fair, in search of relief. The
weather becoming moderate, but extremely
cold, on :the 12th they took their departure.
from the'wreek, and steered to' the north asst,
along the shore. In half an hour after leaving the
wreck, they espied' two men, who discharged
their guns, as a signal, it was suppose,{, for thews
to "And. Although they thought. =the strangers
were Indians, ancUuncertain whether hostile or
friendly to Europeans, they. determined; in' their
truly deplorable situation, on landing ; and when
on Pore, to their great joy and surprise, they
found they..wero 'Englishmen, attached to a
catching, establishment, about five 'miles west.
The strangers (always travelling, and provided
with materials farr-procuring ire), kindlea a, fire;
'the:effects of which were speedily felt, and after
taking sonic refreshment, they set out under the
strangers' 'guidance for their residence where, on
arriVal, they were received by the. owner (for
purposes best known to himself) in a mariner
which almost made ahem regret the meeting ; but
on his pointing Out to them the impossibility of -
reaching a more comfortable situation, they
agreed to remain with him throughout a dreary
northern winter, the captain, in , odder to secure ,
common necessarica„ having inade sale to him
of the wreck and materials,' for -a sum barely
equivalent to the amount of
.their expenditure.
In the following. May ,they crossed the Streights
of 13elleisle to L'Anse a Loup, -on the coast of
I.ahrador, the well-known' establishment of Mr.
A. Pinson, whose winter agent, in confor-
mity to his master's general °rue; treated them
in the most kind manlier ; 'and On that aaentle-
man's arrival he immediately, With that truly
good feeling which characterizes'llim throughout
Lower Canada and Labrador, took those measures
which were eventually the means of conveying
the survivors of that unfortunate crew to their
homes, where they found their friends in deer
mourning for their supposed lamentable deaths.
--Edinburgh Advertzser.

Wednesday the copyrights of the 'Works of
sir WALTER. Sccrre, which belonged to the sequestrated
estate of Messrs. A. CONSTAELE and Co., were sold by
ratblio auction in the Royal Exchange:coifee-house-here.--
The works consisted pf the novels and tales front Waverley
to ()dentin forward, together with various shares of the
poetical works, ftonrthe Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border
to- Halidon Rill. They were put up in one lot at .5,500/.
and after a*ten contest were knocked down at :2,500/.—
Mr. CADELL, partner of the late Mr. CONSTABLE, was
bidtle apsuisricglihaseasr.s,s,.o%l,4l.ldoczawbeodook2,7allie:.,-,v:rclyl.V7 pre sent,
ARMY or Po A C FEU n s.—On . Wednesday
night, a large Jody of poachers, to the number of between
sixty and seventy, assz‘mbled iu the grounds of the Mar-
chioness of Hxztaroar, at Temple Newsam, ten of-whom
were armed with ',run-1, the rest had sacks and bludgeons.
Emboldened by their numbet's,extlpni.eysas,ppQtaor;hiendtthheent Imo
ru
so
and shot pheasants close to the mansion. The keepers
and watchers did not v',:ature- to oppose any resi.stance to
formidable a body,: but sent an
ing, to our Court-house, for assistant*. It was impossible
to take tl watchmen from their rounds ; but at six o'clock
in tho morning, the time they go• off- duty, upwards q
thirty were mustered, and dispatched to Tempt«, Newp.'l,7,
by different routes, but fortunately they did not sill in with
the poachers; if they had, it is probable that n..ore than
one life would haVe been lost. It is quite obvious now,
that if the present system of game laws is to he persisted
In, it will he necessary to Uphold it-by o military esteblish-
ment. We believe that none of thee party have yet been
apprehendel,.:-..-Zeod& Mercury'. , .
A " GI N'} BALLAD SINGER.--
Sinoe the days of Capt. IlAnctAy's far-famed feat of sing-
ing and begging his way through England, scarcely a week
has passed, but one or anothee of our brethren of the broad-
sheet has antionneed the- arrival in his neighbourhood of
some " gentleman" OM a begging and ballad-singing ex-
cursion, either for love'- of fun or " to decide a nrager."-'...
A man arrived bore on Friday night last from Amblesitle,
f'dressetlin tartan clothes, he professed to he a ballad singer,
!but was refused permission to sing on the streets; on Satur-
; day, however, he sold or gave away his ballads. A report
I‘l4B,sprend that he was possessed of "loads of money," and
that he treated every -body about hint : of course " every
body" fletcked to see him--,fOr ", every hedy" is marvel-
lously fond of "cheap drink ;" and as he threw about his
-money like a fool he innE:;_: be a c' gentleman." Ora TUeS-
011,aeo_rYs4O:niygsha(tts,- ta;ttte'erlill'illynt)iat, e‘.ll;l4:l,lt4s4a!"stid,i.a'thliteeedymaetireale.a,etaxettlietilgiilbai/laltlnaitcll):tohtauhtite'dulT; blir.oitf
placc, w;tere he is to have a table and sell ballads, and treat-.
kali. buyers to a pinch of snuff or a glass of wine,.....we
not Ascertained which. He is a tolerithl hat'
Y "Igar looking
personage, and speaks' with a broad - Sect.ch aeeen t 6!
lidtt:hiilartrtl( el)litaig:tel,hse:lat :1;81:VC-Ler' lyiliCeloarits'eo.Bl:::;nit':le iltnal::::::aai stggi t:!;4:Cif'l.ul 61p. 11:Ine0t1;011111e.slnie'til ila'sat1•11::lielll' eSselcistica-liela?testl7' e ::;::
OW • • 1
i sell well,-.- Westmoreland Ailvertiser. •