The Sun.
London, England, 1842-03-05 00:00:00

little delay as posstble—that there should be no unnecessary
interruption.—( Hear, hear.) On those grounds he thought
it essential that the financial statement should be made as soon
as possible, and he would not think it necessary that the
whole of the Army and Navy Estimates should be considered ,
before he made it. It was of the utmost importance that it
should be determined, from the probable demand on the
country for the protection of commerce, and the relations of
the country generally, what would be the amount of the force to
be kepi up both of the Navy and Army. Consequently, when
the House came AN vote as to the number of seamen
for the Navy, and the mount of the Army, he should be jus-
tified in proposing that the House should resolve itself into
a Committee of Supply, in which he should be able to state
the financial views of the Government. He had stated to the
House what was his own impression of what would be for the
public convenience, but the course to be taken would depend on
*.he decision of the House. He did, however, earnestly hope
that the House would so far affirm the proposal to be made as
to the amount of force, that he might be in a condition, on
Friday next, to explain the views of her-Majesty's Government
with respect to the finances. With regard to the second read-
ing of the Corn Bill, if it was intended to take the principle of
the Bill into consideration he should fear that it would defer the
period till Monday next. And if he could not bring it on at an
early heur on Monday, lie would at once say that he would c!efer
it till Wednesday. He would not bring it on on Monday,
unless he could do it at such an early hour as to ensure it a fair
discussion. _ _

Lord J. RUSSELL fully concurred with the Right Hon.
Baronet, as to the importance of taking an early day for the
second reading of the Corn Bill. But the Hon. and Gallant
Member near him (Sir A. Leith Hay) had a most important
question to bring on, and which it would be impossible to leave
without explanation ; and he hoped the urgency of the present
measure, would lead his Hon. and Gallant Friend to postpone
his motion

Sir A. LEITH HAY said, from the wish expressed by the
Noble Lord, and the statement that had just been made by the
Right Hon. Baronet, the first Minister of the Crown, it was
his most anxious wish n-t to obstruct the consideration of a
question of such paramount importance, and interest to the
country. He should net, therefore, press his motion.
Lord HOW ICK conceived that it would by no means expe-
dite the measure, to have the second reading of the Bill fixed
for Monday next.
The SPEAKER then put the question—That the Corn Bill
be read a second time on Monday next, which was agreed to.
Sir R. PEEL then moved, that the House, at its rising, do
adjourn to Monday next.— Ag,reed to.
WEST INDIA CLERGY BILL.
The West India Clergy Bill was real a second time, and or-
dered to be committed on Monday next.
SUPPLY.—NAVY AND ARMY ESTIMATES.
The Order of the Day for going into Committee of Supply was
then read.
On the question that the Speaker do leave the Chair,
RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION IN THE ARMY.
Mr. O'CONN ELL, pursuant to the notice he had given
"On go'ng into Committee of Supply onArmy Estimates, to
call the attention of the House to the state of destitution, with
respect to religious assistance, and instruction,-of the Catholics
serving in Her Majesty's army : also, in like manner, to call
the attention of the House, on going in o Committee of Supply
on Navy Estimates, to the total destitution of the Catholics in
the navy, of all religious assistance or instruction in their
faith," said, that he would not unnecessarily detain the House
with this subject. But it was a matter that struck him to be
of vital importance, in connection with the supplies to be
granted to her Majesty for the purposes of the Navy.
The facts he had to state were unquestionable. It was unques-
tionable that a very considerable number of the persons em-
ployed in the Navy were members of the Roman Catholic reli-
ligion The proportion was not so great in the Navy as in the
Army ; but still Ireland furnished a large number to the Navy.
There could not be a higher character than that which the late
Lord Collingwood gave of the boys hrought up in the Navy.
Ireland did not supply so many able seamen to the Navy as
England did, but its supply of boys was very considerable ; and
the seamen who had been brought up from boyhood in the ser-
vice were found to be among the very best. Now, it being
quite certain that a considerable number of the seamen in the
Navy were Romnn Catholics, it must be admitted that,
in point of fact, no provision whatever was made
with respect to the religious worship or religious in-
struction of these seamen. Not a single shilling was em-
ployed for this purpose in the Navy. Those seamen to
whom he alluded had no communication with the clergy-
men of their own persuasion—no period was allotted to them
fur religious instruction and prayer or communion with clergy-
men of their own faith. These facts were undoubted, and he
respectfully submitted to the House that something ought to be
done to rem- dy that destitution. It was quite clear that the
House would concur with him in his views on the subject,
and that it would be a means of inducing those who were dis-
posed to enter the Navy to enlist in the service, if some pro-
vision, such as he alluded to, was made.—( Hear, hear. )
It was equally clear, that to a feceriain extent the
destitution he adverted to must, to a certain extent,
operate against that class of persons adopting the profession
of their choice. He was: not to be told that persons would
enlist in the service, notwithstanding the want of religious
instruction in it. That was the reason why that distinction
should not be allowed to continue. Complaints had been made ;
and he had received many, complaining of the manner in
which they had been treated in this respect. In many in-
stances, their attendance at Protestant worship had been com-
pelled. Some complaints had also been made against the offi-
cers of the Coast Guard, who, in extenuation of what they had
done, stated that they had received instructions from the Ad-
miralty to compel men to attend prayers where there was no
Catholic church. He wished to know if any such instructions
had been given? and, if there had, whether there was any
objection to their being produced? The Right Hon. and
Learned Gentleman concluded by moving for a copy of the in-
structions given to the Water Guard in Ireland respecting
Divine service, and the reading of prayers to the men.
Sir R. PEEL said with respect to the instructions, he was
not aware whether they had been issued or not, but if they had
he could have no objection to produce them. With respect to
the other matters referred to by the Right Hon. and Learned
Gentleman, he thought he had better abstain from giving any
answer at present, as he should have another opportunity of
doing so.
The motion was then agreed to.
AFFAIRS OF SPAIN.

On the motion being again put that the Speaker do leave the
chair.
Lord PALMERSTON sail he wished to ask a question of
the Right Hon. Baronet (Sir R. Peel) on a subject to which
his attention had been drawn some time ago by the Hon. Mem-
ber for the Tower Hamlets, and which he was sure had occu-
pied the serious attention of the Government. He ought to
apologise for not having given notice of the question, but he
was quite sure that the Right Hon. Baronet would be able at
once to answer it. The question of the Hon. Member had re-
lated to the dangers which were threatened to Spain from cer-
tain proceedings in France. Since the time when his Hon.
Friend had asked that question, reports had become still more
prevalent, that enlistments at the depots, and organizations of
a very extensive character, necessarily involving the
expenditure of very large sums of money, were
now in progress in France, the avowed purpose of which was
to assist in an early irruption_ in Spain, for the purpose of pro-
moting the interests of Don Cellos in that country. Now, he
cowl(' not doubt that the Government of this country had
made strong representations upon the subject to the Govern-
ment of France ; for besides the general -interest which the
Right Hon. Gentleman very properly admitted that England
must have in the maintenance of the order of things at present
es ablished in Spain, the Quadruple Treaty, though not now
in such vigour that they could expect the parties to act up to
its provisions, would, from its spirit which ought still to ani-
mate both France and England, justify the English Govern-
ment in making strong representations to the Government of
France, against any danger to Spain originating in France,
which the Government of France had the power to prevent.
He could not, therefore, doubt that the English Government
had made strong representations to the Government of France
on this subject. He would rather infer from what had passed
that the Government of. France had given to the Government
of England assurances that they would use those means which
were in their power to prevent this movement from taking
effect. He could not believe that the French Government,
owing its origin as it did to popular will, founded as it was
upon popular institutions—he could not believethat that. Go-
vernment would lend itself to a conspiracy, the avowed
and notorious purpose of which was to control the
will of the people of Spain, and to establish
either a despot is,
e,
aoFrr,r
ehane nes
rhea) roo vernm ent approximationpo
possessed
sas
edespotism,control
-Certainly their inference of the
power
ouv,nthriye. H
h—
h
transactions of that kind within its territory would expose
prevent an outbreak. He
twrvtith,aahtoe,
taking
tineyenemGgs‘
e,
takingoeen,
donev
rffv eei effect—whether,
rei
had
aware
_nmehdaf
fiweerenhhehent
teww:
receivedt
hwhaoo leenurttul
steps
dlt
eediefner:ffi
sot
addition
idetoeuurFthta
faeroni imputation
therefore wished to ask whether, in addition to those assu-
noetilgohr GovernmentpoatuGfhnrntoconnivance
l Majesty'srwai
afsanspreventing
assurances,
-asgt,
every thing should be done to prevent this conspiracy from
o r
an
irruption in Spain on behalf of Don Carlos?
Sir R. PEEL said the lion. Member for the Tower
Hamlets had asked him whether he was aware that there was
in progress a system of active combination and conspiracy
which was directed against the frontier of Spain. He had
also asked him whether he was aware that an active partisan in
the late civil war, General Cabrera, was actively engaged in
Paris in organising that conspiracy. He then stated that he
hail no positive information ; that he had heard the
report, but that it was impossible for him to state
whether General Cabrera was or was not in Paris.
It had been supposed that he had asserted that Cabrera was in
Paris; but he had made no such assertion. The Noble Lord
must excuse him if he could only say for the present that the
Government had ,sinc its accession to power, maintained the
most friendly relations with the existing Government of Spain.
They had done all that a friendly Government could do to con-
solidate that Government by counsel and advice, where such
counsel and advice could with propriety be given to confirm its
character. During the period of the existence of the Go-
vernment now established in Spain, that country had made
great progress in the restoration of order and the revival of its
prosperity. Throughout the struggles of Spain the English
Government had taken an active interest in its concerns. They
continued to take that interest, as far as they couid feel justi-
munications upon the subject with e
him if he declined, from a
toodt
mote
by t
hc
pu
rmosstpaenrci
teys ,
fi n
aconformin.
.t thtyhe
They
Giht haodvteherenni
mtr e
erdenedts efn
tFtoor
acpnoremoe--,
but the Noble Lord must excuse
.
nationalinternal divisions ; and if
would forget their party disputes and
takese n s et
that
tdut
opportunityy, t o e te r
ointo
expressing
ptaaetn
standard—(Cheers)—
ahorai
dnt
the
(cHh
see
ep
people would rally round thewrason)utlhd
they hadreason to credit the existe
this
trusted they would feel that
the interest of Foreign Powers should
wob
be
was
t hlooked
or
nnteos p, iwbr ahuceti
nes ,nht
wheno
Government, his belief was tnat they which the Noble
that combination, and their conspiracies,
With his (Sir R. Peel's)
theirm e n t ownwhi eh x ert
ruledo n so shouldvert them
brne,directed
and
if
they to maintain
bedid
rae rally
yat hbrieoeudGnt y
Govern-
ment
tedhrenaf t-
Lord had adverted.—( Cheers.)
add cordial good will on the part Spanish
i
people struggling for in-
fopinionst h i
ant
er
oe
us irs et
rc
yt t oh
ea ce t i
nv
le d i nn toilet ru et
off ri efmti
hhci
seen
ee
Bm,
roi
tr
iteshh te
h domesticG
peopleov
ye mrn pmlav
eet a
hnrf
to the Government of Spain.
danepimenadteedntheyouthgahttsitioir
bite, baynimwhatiecdhda,
(Hear, , hear)—they might
depend upon it that they would fin
on the part of this country,
en
Ga.polveertnnmem.enttotri(u.nmnfiprhr!
but thait sympathy and in-
tuit an active intervention, perhaps,
might be exposed.
et was
Baronet, m as
that u
att
henreteii
r-yt
itnihndr
eot
phu
eegnihrd
eeanxneever
,ts itoar nun sgd
gwtl
ohe
oahr
wrwyho
tui
chl
hde
ptrayinieoanllsotihideytted
gratifyingtonteo
Perceive from the answer of the N
Lord JOHN fiUSSELL said thaotbli
should be enabled to maintain her freedom and independence.-_wish pre ailed among men of all parties; namely, that Sp:tin
(Cheers.) Neither the Government nor the country wished
cinouSn
de-
siredf or any exclusiveasto se e theor institutions r a m o u nt
of influencethat
might think it right to adopt,
tthoet
whichnhaa
tt
hoSenpsaßoi mhEtni griiho
o neb. eße
an whichraobnloeeodt o take
t to
be thato n
belong
t ho i ghhe placer for
the a m
he
ne g_
rote character of her people. With respect to the measures
he (Lord John Russell) would not, after what the Right Hon.
Baronet had said, a!li him for any further explanation. As
to what would be the proper policy' for this country to pursue,
whether it should merely be confined to the expression of ,ym-
pathy,whether measures of a more active nature should be adopted,
or what steps should be taken, must depend on the form which .1
the movement against the Spanish Government might assume.
It the steps taken in Spain should assume merely the cha-
racter of civil war, then it would be unwise in this country to

interfere. But if incursions should be made into the territory
of Spain by a foreign army, and if money should be raised by
foreign Governments, to support the war against the existing
Government of Spain, then, perhaps, it might be advisable
that a different policy should be pursued on the part of the
Government of this country.—( Cheers. )
Mr. O'CONNELL said that if he had misunderstood the
Right Honourable Baronet at the head of the Government, he
was sure the Right Honourable Gentleman would he obliged
to him for affording him an opportunity of explanation. He
(Mr. O'Connell) had understood the Right Honourable Gen-
tleman as expressing his decided approval of the general con-
duct of the present Government of Spain. He hoped the
Right Honourable Baronet did not approve of the cruel perse-
cution which that Government was carrying on against the
clergy, not only of the clergy belonging to the Carlist party,
for he could not complain of the laws being enforced, but
against the clergy who had remained true to their legitimate
Queen, and who had held high situations in her service ; he
might mention the Archbishop of Toledo, as an instance.
These clergy had been subjected to the most cruel persecu-
tions. A law had befn passed for seizing the temporalites of the
Spar ishChurch, leaving only a nominal allowance to the clergy.
The law had been carried into effect as regarded the tempora
lities but the allowances had been forgotten. He did not
complain of that; it was matter of internal regulation, with
which he had no right to interfere. But it appeared that it
was desired to make the clergy assist in the conveyance of this
property. Now, although they would not oppose the law tak •
ing its course, they objected to taking any active part in assist-
ing in the conveyance of the property from the Church ; and
in order to force them to join in these conveyances, some
thousands of them had been immured, and while
in prison, had been subjected to the I greatest cruel-
ties, because they would not actively join in that
which they were prepared passively to submit to. The
case was still stronger, because, when the parties were
brought before the Courts of Justice they were allowed a
counsel at first, and when they were allowed, the trial of the
accused parties did not terminate until the counsel themselves
were brought before the tribunals, and punished for being
present thereat. He did not wish to trespass on the time of
the House, but if he were to apply for a Committee he would
be able to prove the unrelenting cruelty of Espartero in that
respect. If a revolution were about to take place, and if it
was the obj ‘ct to establish one religion in the place of another,
he (Mr. O'Connell) should not interfere ; but the proceedings
in the present case rather resembled the Jacobinisin of France
at the time of the National Assembly.—( Hear, hear, hear.)
They differed in no respset. It was not the substituting one
Church for another; but it was the giving of the property of
the Church to the military, and the treating the clergy with
cruelty that he complained of. He thought that if the Right
Hon. Gentleman were aware of all the circumstances he would
not sanction such proceedings, but it was vain to apply to the
people of Spain, and he was sure that he would be able to
prove before a Committee of the House the truth of the facts
he stated, and he hoped that the British Government would not
rally round the Government of Espartero.
Sir R. PEEL said he did not express any opinion with re-
spect to particular acts of the Spanish Government. Nothing
would be so vain or so presumptuous in him as to adopt such a
course. Ho would adhere to the course he always adopted of
not interfering with the particular acts of other Governments.—
( Hear, hear.) Soon after they came into office they found a
conspiracy directed against the Government of Espartero,
while between the two Governments friendly relations existed,
the object of which conspiracy was to meet in the dead of night
and make an attack on the palace of the Queen of Spain, and
to seise on her person. If that attack had succeeded, the
life of the Queen of Spain would have been placed in the
greatest jeopardy, and the British Government felt, though not
actually in conformity with. the law of nations, it was their
duty, as it was of all Governments between which friendly re-
lations existed, to do every thing in their power to discounten-
ance such wicked efforts, and that such scenes as took place in
Spain should be discouraged—( Hear, hear)—and they felt it
to be their slaty to give every aid to the Government of Ever-
tern for such purposes; but with respect to particular acts, he
should disclaim either approbation or disapprobation of the
persons engaged in them. —( Hear, hear. )
Mr. BO RT HWICK was much relieved by the answer which
the Right Hon. Baronet had given to the question which had
been put to him, because, the Right Hon. Baronet stated it to
be his determination not to interfere directly in the affairs or
in any of the domestic ar:angements of Spain, but that it would
be his object and his wish to increase generally the advantages
and the interest of that country which, he hoped, would always
continue in friendly alliance with England; he (Nlr. Borth-
wick) believed that the whole statements made with reference
to the transaction, were exaggerated ; it was pretty well known
by this time that Don Carlos had, on his own part and on the
part of his General,, disavowed all intention whatever to inter-
fere ; that they would abstain from any measure which had for
its object the upsetting of the present Government of Spain, or
to implant in its stead any ether form of Government. The
internal wealth of Spain was almost without limit, her moral
power was very great, her internal wealth and internal moral
power would have developed themselves greatly for the interest
of Spain itself, greatly for the advantage of Europe if that coun-
try (Spain) had been left to settle her own 'affairs, according
to her own fashion long ago.—( Hear, hear.) What he (Mr.
Borthwick) protested against was, that there shou'd be any
interference on the part cf England in the settlement of those
affairs of S, ain. If England sympathised with that country,
it should sympathise with her as a nation. If England held
out the hand of generous friendship to Spain, it was impos-
sible that the prophesy of the Right Hon Baronet should not
be fully and satisfactorily realised. He (Mr. Borthwick)
trusted that whatever influence could be legitimately used by
the present Government would be exerted for the purpose of
putting an end to the persecutions of the clergy of Spain, and
that that influence would be exerted without reference to any
political faction whatever. He considered that the Spanish
clergy had conducted themselves with great credit, and that
they were entitled to every protection.—(Hear. )
Colonel FOX had only one observation to make with re-
spect to the observations cf the Hon. and Learned Illember
for Cork. He thought it was somewhat exaggerated to say
that the Spanish clergy had been treated in the same manner
as the clergy of France were during the French Revolution.
He would like the Hon. and Learned Gentleman to name an
instance in which the blood of any clergyman, or of any other
man hail been shed, except in the heat of the late conflict.
No clergyman had been bayonetted or shut as in the Jacobini-
cal excesses of the French Revolution. He protested against
the statement, and he hoped if the Hon. and Learned Gentle-
man could prove what he had stated that he would do so.
Mr. O'CONNELL said he had referred to the general con-
duct of Espartero towards the Church ; it was precisely the
same as that of the Jacobinical Government of France, namely,
the making the Government complete master of the Church,
both spiritually and temporally. The Hon. and Gallant Mem-
ber was mistaken if he supposed there had not been a massacre
of some of the clergy in Madrid.
Lord MANNERS said, he believed he should not be wrong
in stating that there was one instance in which no less than
thirty friars had been put to death, by being thrown over a
bridge. He felt great satisfaction in hearing that the principle
of non-interference would be adhered to,, and he trusted the
Noble Lord, who had introduced the question, would also feel
satisfaction from the fact, that there would be no more quad-
ruple alliances, and no more British Legions.—( Hear.)
CORN BILL.

Sir R. PEEL said, he had determined to move the second
reading of the Corn Bill on Wednesday next instead of Mon-
day, as the most convenient day.
THE NAVY ESTIMATES.

The House then went into a Committee of Supply, and
Mr. S. HERBERT rose to bring forward the Navy Esti-
mates. He thought he should best consult the convenience of

the House, by not going into every detail of the estimates now
presented, but he should merely give a general view of the diffe-
rences in the estimates, and an explanation of the increase and
decrease that had taken place in them, as compared with the
estimates of last year ; he should also explain as fully as he
could the amount of the alterations that had taken place. He
should have to state the alteration in the number of men re-
quired for the Navy as compared with last year; and state
that in pursuance of the general opinion that ships ought not
to leave this country except with their full complement ; to
ensure this, if they preserved the same number of men, it must
be expected that there must be a smaller number of ships.
But from all he had heard, from the best naval authorities, he
felt confident that a rednction in the number of ships, and no
reduction in the number of men, would not make the
Navy less efficient in maintaining peace, than a
larger number less efficiently manned. With regard
to the second head, there was a small diminution
of amount, in consequence of the increased price of provisions.
Upon the Admiralty-office there was a further increase ren-
dered necessary by superannuations, but the increase was very
trifling. With regard to the Registers'-office there was no
alteration, and when he came to that head in the estimates, he
should be enabled to give the House some information. A
small increase had been made in the scientific department, in
consequence of additional surveys and printing scient.fie works.
He was sure that the House would not grudge any money that
had been expended for such a purpose. Upon the establish-
ments at home there had been a small decrease. Upon the
establishments abroad there had been an increase of 1,0001.
There was likewise a small decrease upon works at home, but
an increase up in works abroad to the extent of 1,900/.
There was also 1,0001. extra for artisans. In naval
stores these had been a slight decrease not from any
diminution of the quantity of stores, but from a diminution
of prices. While he was upon the head of stores
he might say, that he believed there never was any year in
which the stores were in a better state than at present.
Under the head of machinery there was 10,000/. extra for
steam-engines. The next item on which he had to make any
remark was that of New Works. On this head there was
very little difference in the estimates of last year and those
of the present year. At Woolwich there had been built a large
basin for the purpose ofdocking steamers to be repaired. There
was ale') a large sum expended on engines, &c. for the
purpose of preventing fires in dockyards. The Government
had applied to this service a sum of 10,0001. surplus of last year's
estimate, in order to accomplish those works. Another source
of expense was the laying down of pipes and several tanks for
water in several dockyards, for the purpose of having access to
water in cases of emergency. In some dock-yards the absence
of any accident by fire for a great length of time hal engen-
dered a feeling of negligence in that respect; so much so that
they seemed to have forgotten where the water-cocks were ;
and some of those cocks were so covered with timber that before
they could be got at in cases of fire, the flames would have
made great progress. ' The whole expenditure on this head
amounted to 14,000/. The House would see, however, that
- though that appeared a large expenditure, it was economy in the
long run. The expenses on forges for making anchors was
also very considerable. There was also an additional slip
built at Portsmouth. It was necessary to make a great outlay
in that quarter, because the soil was gradually giving way, and
in consequence the wharf-wall inclined out towards the sea in
a most dangerous manner. It was well known that a ship
when left on a slip lasted much longer than if she were not.
For the miscellaneous estimates there would appear an increase
of 7,380/., 1,000/. being taken for part of the expenses of last
year. For the half-pay list there would appear an increase
of 22,000/, In the estimates for freight for the army
and navy the increase was nearly 44,000/. For the
' Halifax mail-station there was an increase of 20,000/.
For the West India contract there would be required 240,000/.
from the let July, instead of 80,000/. as voted by the last Par-
liament for the previous three months. This was iu order that
no restrictions should be placed on those entering into this
speculation. This concluded the estimates for the year. He
w, uld not occupy the House with any further observations, ex-
cept to call their attention to the fact, that there were other
estimates included in those which did not properly belong to
them, and that in voting six millions, they were not voting that
sum merely for the Navy, He foun t that the expenditure of
the Post-office, for the last year, was 640,000/., a sum which
he believed was nearly as large as its revenue.—(Hear, hear.)
Now, iu the present estimate there was included for troop-ships,
36,000/., fur the army and ordinance, 247,000/., for the home
dsparment, 109,0001. Now, in conclusion, he would state,
that these estimates had been framed with the strictest view to
economy, which the requirements of the public service would per-
mit. There was noth'ng of large amount which could possibly
be reduced, and he trusted that that 1 i beralt y
which had always been displayed towards this great national
arm, would not be wanting on that occasion. The Hon.
Member then moved that 48,000 men be employed during the
ensuing year for theisea service, including 10,500 Royal Marines.
The question having been put that the proposed estimates
should he adopted,
Sir C. NAPIER rose, and said, that he did not mean to
offer any opposition to the adoption of the estimates moved by
the Hon. Gentleman. For his part, he thought that if there
was any improvement desirable in those estimates, it was that
they should-be considerably increased, in justice both to officers
and men. He could not refrain from complimenting the pre-

sent Board of Admiralty in their wise and judicious plan of '
fully mailing the British •men-of-war.—(Hear, hear.) Go to
what part of the world the British navy now might go, they
would have no disgrace to fear as they were at present manned.
—( Hear, hear.) It was the opinion of various officers and
civilians that it would be better to have more ships and fewer
men—that it would be better to have five vessels undermanned
than to have four vessels on full complement. Now he ( Sir C. N.)
was of a different opinion. Experience had proved that when
an emergency arose, it was impossible to find men to put yes.
sels in full efficiency with the promptitude !hat might be re-
quired. That had been shown in the course of the operations
on the coast of Syria, where the ships were improperly manned,
and where all the efforts 'of the Government could not enable
them to complete the ships then in service in the Mediter-
ranean. If they had been attacked at that time, unmanned as
they were, it would be exceedingly difficult to say what the con-
sequences might have been. But when the fleet was afterwards
further impaired by deaths and disease, he really thought that
if they had fallen in with the enemy they would have run great
risk of being beaten.—( Hear.) He thought that in such times
as these no British ship should be sent to sea improperly manned.
He believed that the French Government intended to keep up
twenty sail of the line : eight at sea, four in road, and eight in
harbour. It seemed that the British Government had deter-
mined on reducing six sail of the line. Ile doubted whether
the present were a moment for effecting such a reduction. But
that was a question for the Government, undertaken by them
on their own responsibility, and with which the Admiralty ha I
nothing to do. With regard to the Board of Admiralty, when
that part of the service came before the House, he should state
his opinion with regard to it. He should say he was not at all
favourable to the present state of the service. He believed it
was well known that all our superior officers were n ov of such
an age as to be nearly superannuated. Our Admirals in parti-
cular were arrived' at such an age that, with the excep-
tion of one or two of them, it would be impossible to expect
that they could discharge their duty as efficiently as they would
in earlier life have dune ; and as for the greater part of them,
it would be absolutely necessary to send out nurses with them
to take care of them.—(Loud laughter.) We had at present
but few officers under 70 years of age to command our fleets.
Although he had the highest opinion of the gallant officer who
was going out to take the command in the Mediterranean, yet
still he could nut but remember that the gallant officer was
seventy-two years of age ; and although he no doubt was per-
fectly able to perform the duties of Admiral in the Mediterra-
nean in tine of peace, yet he (Sir C. Napier) would contend
that it was physically impossible fur any man, seventy-two years
of age, to do the duty of Admiral in time of war. If he
looked at the list of Rear-Admirals, he found that but little
better ; and if they went upon the present system, it would be
almost impossible to have an Admiral under sixty years of age.
Now, he would ask, was that right ? He would next allude to
the: injustice which had been done the Navy at the last pro-
motion ; but in what he was about to say, he begged to be
understood not as desiring to bring the Army down to the level
of the Navy, but to raise the Navy up to :the Army. Before
that promotion there were 171 flag officers, and 346 General
Officers; there were 693 Post Captains, 779 Commanders, and
809 Colonels and 735 Majors. At the promotion seventy-four
Colonels had been made General Officers, making a total of
420 General Officers, while there were only 40 Post Captains
made Admirals. Now he considered that was great injustice
to the Navy, and this was still more apparent when they came
to consider 51 Commanders only had been made Captains, while
77 majors had been made Lieut.-Colonels. He had understood
that the reason given for this injustice was, that an Admiral
cost the country more than a General ; but he could show that
that idea was a fallacy. The additional expense of a General
officer over a Colonel was 1991. 155., while that of a Rear-
Admiral over a Post-Captain was that of 191/. 12s. 6d. Before
the last promotion, the expense of the Admirals had been
95,000/. a year ; after that it had been 105,0001., being an ad-
dition of 10,000/. The expense of the Generals had been
85.0001. a year before, and 98,0001. a year after the promotion ;
but it was only a small part of the expense of the General
Officers. The General Officers had most of the regiments.
There were 130 regiments, and, valuing them at 1,0001 a year
each, there was 130,0001. a year to be divided among
the Generals. Promotion was also much more rapid in
the Army. Many of those who were now Generals had
entered: the Army as late as 1814, while all who were
Postj Captains in 1808 were Post Captains still. It
was clearly shown that Lord Rodney, whom no person could
deny to be an excellent and gallant officer, did not perform
his duties so well as if he had been a younger man. When he
fought his great action he was 70 years of age, and was labour-
ing under a fit of gout, and it was evident to all that he could
not perform his duty so well as if he had been only 40 years of
age. The next instapce he would take was the action of the
let Tune, fought by Lord Howe, when he was 63 years of age,
and it was well known that for three years previous to the ac-
tion he was subjeet to mental and bodily afflictions, and al-
losved six or seven of the enemy's fleet to escape under their
spritsails. The next example was that of Sir Thomas Holder.
He would next take Lord ,Nelson as an example, whose le-
knovvledged ability and naval talents everybody must allow,
but whose gallant actions were, in his (Sir C. Napier's)
opinion, to be attributed much more to his youth than to
spy particular ability he displayed ; and he was sure that if
the other Admirals,,whom he mentioned, were as young, and
strong, and healthy as Lord Nelson, they would have been able
togive as good an account of the enemy as he had. Lord Nelson
was made an Admiral at the age of 35. He fought the battle
of the Nile at the age of 36 ; that of Copenhagen at 42, and was
killed at 47. He once asked a Gallant Officer, whose authority no-
body in that House would deny—he meant Sir Thomas Hardy—
whether if Lord Nelson had been sixty years of age when he
fought the battle of the Nile, or sixty-six when he gained that
of Trafalgar, he would have fought the battle of the Nile on
the night he had, or have gained the other as he did ; and he
(Sir Thomas Hardy) replied that he would not. He would
next take the example of Sir J. Saumarez, but before he did
so, he would make an allusion to Admiral Duncan, who, at the
age of sixty-eight years, attacked the enemy's fleet, which was
more numerous than his osn, upon a lee s'aore, at a dis-
tance of only eight miles from land, and had obtained a glorious
victory. But it should be recollected that that was an exti a-
ordinary case, and he (Sir C. Napier) was only speaking of the
general sun of men. Now, with regard to Admiral Saumarez,
he took a small squadron at the age of forty two to Gibraltar,
attacked the French fleet, was defeated, and lost his ship
things which rarely occur to a British Admiral.--( Hear,
hear.) lie got his fleet into port, and with five sail of the
line he managed to defeat the Spanish fleet. Two of their
vessels were blown up, and the rest were obliged to surrender.
Now he (Sir C. Napier) attributed the success of that exploit
to the youth of the officer in command ; a man of seventy years
of age could not possibly have accomplished such a victory.
A remedy ;was absolutely and indispensibly necessary for the
present evils which existed in the Navy. The cure which he,
( Sir C. Napier) would suggest was—he would not say a ra-
dical cure—( Laughter)—for he was sure the pre-
sent Government did not like anything of that
sort—( Great laughter)—but he would undertake to say it
would be an effectual remedy—( Hear, hear)—it would only
cost the Government 100,0001. His proposal was that when
Captains in the Navy came within 100 of the. top of the list,
and were 60 years of age, they should he allowed to retire
upon penaens cf 1001. a year. He only asked the House to
give 10,0001. a year, and they would provide for old
officers, and render the service more efficient.—( Hear, hear. )
fhat would be making sure provision for those officers who
had been worn out in the public service, and had been the
very flowers of the service during the wars. His object was
to make make some provision for those who happened not to
be the second babies of the aristocracy—(Laughter )—and con-
sequently were not promoted or made Commanders, as they
had no friends or family to push them forward.—( Hear, hear. )
He would propose that old officers should be put upon the re-
tired list, and promoted to the rank of post-captains
—it would give them the rank, and yet it would be only
an addition of 6d. per day to their pay. Now he asked the
Chancellor of the Exchequer to give them even that 6d. a day,
it would not be much, but it would be accepted as a boon. If
the Government would once make some such arrangement it
would have one good effect at all events, namely, the service
would never again be worn out as it is now. Then he would
suggest that the proportion should go half by seniority, and the
other half by choice—( Hear, hear)—or if the Government did
not think that half was not sufficient for their patronage, as he
knew they were greedy about it —( Hear, hear)—he would
give them two to be promoted by choice, and one by seniority.
The slow promotion of the Mates especially operated to disgust
them, and had a very disheartening effect on the young men
who were entering the service. Formerly it was very rare to
find men quit the service after having joined it, but it was now
a common thing, and in those who did remain it caused the
same sort of feeling. Formerly they had some proepect of
promotion after six, eight, or ten years' Service ;
if the Mates were promoted after six years' service he thought
they should not complain ; bnt having served that time, they
thought it hard to get no promotion. He next came to the
petty officers, and if justice were done them, it would also
cost the Exchequer a little money. If they looked at the
manner in which the Navy was manned, and the difficulty
there was at all times in getting men, when he had known
an eighty gun ship lie at Portsmouth for more than six
months, without getting her complement, it was evident that
it was absolutely necessary something should be done to en-
courage seamen to enter the Navy. Every officer in the
House knew that the working petty officers were the most
useful class of men possible, but the difference of pay be-
tween the able seaman and the petty officer was not suf-
ficient to make the former aspire to the station of petty
officer. Of these effacers there were two classes—
the second class having but2s. or 3s.a month more than the
able-bodied seamen. When the Duke of Clarence was Lord
High Admiral, he put a patch on their arms, and made officers
of them ; he did a great deal of good, but if he had put a patch
on their pay—(Laughter)—he would have done a great deal
more. He should propose that the pay of the petty officers
be 31. a month, and he would do away with the thirteen
months in the year instead of twelve. Seamen were paid
for thirteen months in the year, but many of them could not
understand it; he had himself heard a sailor in Cork say he
understood there were only eight pay month; in the year, and
on being told there were thirteen, said he did not know, he
had always been told there were twelve. lie would change
this system altogether, and give the sailor 2/. a month.
He approved generally of the Bill of the Right Ho-
nourable Baronet for manning the Navy, which was the
only attempt that had been made to regulate the supply of men
to the naval force, for theaast thirty years. But it ought, to
go further, because, in the event of a war, it called on British
seamen to serve their country, and gave them only four or five
days to decide whether they would serve as volunteers or be
impressed. They ought to make the seamen understand that
the service of this country was a good service. He felt that it
would be extremely difficult to pass a Bill of that sort in the
present feeling of the country, but a beginning. might be made.
Now there was an Act passed in the reign of Queen Anne re-
quiring
merchantmen to receive parish boys on ;board their
ships, and after they had served four years on board
those vessels, they should go irsto the Navy. That
Bill he might say was at present a dead letter, but when the
Poor-law Bill came to be discussed, he thought the House
would have an opportunity of making good use of that Bill.
There was another arrangement he aighly approved of, which
the present Government had adopted, and that was reserving
to seamen their pensions, or rather plowing them to have their
pensions, allowing them to be employed in the service still re-
tain in
it tW
h eironld have'penaion been better to
ahhad always been libera', but he
thought give them more pay. He
would now come to officers' pensions. Thesofficer when he
went to sea lost his pension ; now, that appeared to him to be
extraordinary, because when he went to sea, he was obliged
to fit out his ship, and if he got appointed to a small one- he
then lost half his pay. There was another point
with respect to pensions, to which he was anxious to call
the attention of the House. By the Queen's regulation when
an officer received wounds, amounting to the loss of a limb,
her Majesty was authorised to grant him a year's pay, and she
reserved to herself the granting of an annual pension if be had
received wounds of a certain description. But what had the
Admiralty done about 150 years ago? they made a regulation
that no officer should receive an annual pension unless wounded
equal to the loss of a limb. He had never heard that the regu-
lation had been altered. One observation he would make with
respect to a statement of the Right Honourable the Secretary
to the Admiralty. He said that in reducing the ships
to six sail of the line, the fully manned ships would
require the same number of men. He should have thought that
if foursail of the line took as much material as five sail of the line
there aught to be some reduction in the materiel. With respect
to ships being placed in slips ; he believed it to be the very. best
thing the Admiralty had done. He thought if the Admiralty
built more slips it would be a benefit to the country. But it was
most extraordinary that for thirty-five years they could not
find that out. They had a twenty-six years' case, and they
never found out before that it was necessary to keep ships on
the slips. He believed there had been one tried at Deptford
p
fourteen years ago, and there it was now.—(Laughter.) AR-

lfr
other point he wished to refer to was a subject not genera
known in that House. In 1835 a report got about thst all the
masts of the British nave were rotten.—( Laughter. ) He,
found that after twenty yews a survey was made in 1836, ana
the report was that those masts were unserviceable, and vrefe
very properly taken out of the ships, and put into a stiffc.rqi,te
department. Now this proved very bad management.
came then to the construction of the ships in the serviee;
they happened to have a good surveyor, they generally:btu"
good ships ; but if they had a bad surveyor, which had:off!!
happened, they built very indifferent ships. The building-4!
those ships was given to one swan, whether he was clever oriait•
The present surveyor constructed excellent ships, but Sitlr,
Symmonds put in most ridiculous sterns. Mr. Greg, 6'
Pertsmouth Dock-yard. and Mr. Ray, all ridiculed this stern ;
and it was impossible for them to bear eight, fen, or twitle_
guns on the quarter. Every ship that had been built uncle.,
SrS William Symmonds, had this ridiculous stern, and it iris
necessary to unship these before before they could fire a single
gun. They were supported by an iron board, or elselbei
would fall into the water. If they measured the Quertik
the lower deck, they would find that she was thirty-six feet
longer on the poop than down below. He believed that till
sterns had been condemned.as improper ; and he thought great
credit was due to the Admiralty for their conduct in reference
to them. He was extremely obliged to the House for the at'
tention with which they had listened to his remarks.
Captain ROUS said he believed that there had always been
but one desire in that House in reference to the Royal Nail'
namely, to render it as efficient as possible ; but their end!a;
yours had been frustrated by the Lords of the Admiralty, wwe
*instead of being, as they ought to have been, its protects
had ben its greatest enemies. He had grievous faults to 6e
with the Admiralty ; and his authority for venturing' to entire',,
„
his opinion was, that having:commanded in her,,
service for ten ye ars, he was in possession of facts Tod
which he drew the inference that no service
been more neglected than the Royal Navy since 1815. fro'he would begin with the state of her Majesty's ships.
1815 to 1825 and 1826, the Admiralty kept on building old
gun brigs, like those formerly used, most ridiculous
which would hardly stand up under canvas, donkey friglii;
which were designated " Forty thieves. "—( Hear, hear.) 'cod
Duke of Portland, and other leading personages, at lengthir.„ gin .
the Admiralty to build a better class of vessels. Sir Vh° .
Symmond's model was peculiarly adapted for brigs and cot veal;
but when that model was first introduced, it was thoughtin
so perfect, that it would answer for all vessels from the brigio.
the 120 gun ship. He had always thought that as theYhe
creased the size of the vessel and the tier of the guns, ta,b,„
must proportionally increase the flatness of the floors. 'for
model answered very well for brigs and corvettes, but not be
larger vessels. When Sir W. Symmonds built his vessels,,, 0
gave them lofty bows, which made them good Oafoeiwt
when not heavily laden. He (Captain Rous) 1"
it necessary on one occasion to bring down his siiiP, ,„0
feet lower in the stern, and by doing so, he renov't :ad
'd
the vessel somewhat easy ; and for doing that he was fouls
fault with by the Admiralty. But the thing most to be ;
mented, was the failure of the steamers. The Gorgon stealuet
was built to carry 1,200 troops in case of war, and if, with di:
number on board, and the number of guns allotted to her, ;leer
fell in 'with a heavy gale, there was great probability of
being lost. The ships were made without any pains tie
taken whether they would succeed or not ; and he bei,,Le'ra
that it arose in some measure from the fact that many owraid
of the Navy, whatever ships they were apppointed to, //,,7,,,„
always fancy their ships were the best in the v/0'1;0
(A laugh.) They would cry up their virtues, 04
take care to conceal their defects. He remetut6
that after Sir William Syminond's improvements had ftios
introduced, three ships, the Inconstant, the Castor, stu"..
Pique were to be tried, and the last was to be taken
model. But what happened? Six new sister Piques were
built before the trial was made, but there were no were the
constants or Castors. The race was thus decided before of
horses were saddled.—( A laugh.) The present sYstefhese
promotion in the Navy was decidedly objectionable. boo
were at present 500 or 600 Mates in the service in .
" hope deferred had made the heart sick."—( Hear, P`Tiort
There were a number of Lieutenants waiting for proto,o
until they had become almost superannuated. al oftic%.
again were always preferred for the command of vesseis„;ol;
that a man who had been perhaps twenty years on wins.
and who could not probably pass a midshipman's exalwohip
tion, was appointed to the command of an 80Pu was
and 800 men.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.") lhatt)
what they called common sense.—( Hear, hear, n`,
~k,
They had ,expected to have been much benefited by thedl e
val and Military Commission which had sat in 1839, an e•
condition of Lieutenants and Mates had been somewhat ben
_,I
fitted. Before that Commission the half-pay of a LieutetPi
had been ss. 6d. a day, and his full pay 6s. 6d. ; the harof
of a Mate had been Sc., and his full pay 61. Now the on bhp
a Lieutenant-cost at least 1001., and for that they gave_bat
the magnificent remuneration of 6s. 6d. a day. But? In
had the Commission done for the higher rank of officers ?‘„st,
the year 1832, the Right Hon. Baronet the Secretary of !'„,o,
for the Home Department had taken away part of their pre;
money from Captains, without awarding to them any i Wes
of pay. Now, all that the Commission had done fell their
was to allow them, when fitting out their ships, to talc' ot,
plate and table-linen from the Dock-yards, paying 10 perandee,
per annum for the use of it—a favour which, he apprehei. 30
any friend would do them. With regard to the Admirals'
they had done was to turn between 60 or 70 yellow Adnujog
to the active list. Now, with regard to the enWilhe
of old officers, he would point to the Mediterranean meet, Oe
would ask if that fleet was in a proper state of discipline r
was told that it was not. He would ask, was the fleet
urff be
larly manned, was it fit for active service ? What co iiroe,
the state of discipline. when the midshipmen on board ashore
ship, who had been prevented from going "then!'
because on former occasions they had misconducted with
selves by exceeding their leave, had rowed about the fleet owl
a flag representing a negro in chains, to show the cruelt?:or,)
tyranny with which tky had been treated ?—( Hear, coo
While he was on the subject, he would just allude to *tees'
which had been most improperly made a subject of my be
He disliked mystery ; it looked as if there was something b"ste
hid.—(Cheers.) He alluded to the case of Mr. Eltoti._
a
had been informed that Mr. Elton had been turned out ow!
,!''co
ship commanded by the Gallant Member for Gloucester, _t,
Mr. Williams was First Lieutenant ; and when he after
met Mr. Williams at the social board, and made the request
him to take a friend on shore in his boat, it would appea, L_"...0
from the length of time which had elapsed since they had
sitipmates, that Mr. Elton had no right to make such a r.e (le!:
as they were placed on a very different footing towards e
ac
other from that which they had previously been. Mr, Elton ha;
been advised by his senior officers to make an apoolgy, but hlltry
refused to do so. He had afterwards offered to make an allffe
but it was considered too late. He (Capt. R.) would noL „,
upon himself to say when:an apology was offered it should"' -toe
jected, but it was considered in t caseat the apoloY
too late, and it was decided that M hat
r Elton should be trued Oust
Court-martial, the consequence of which every one knew w.lOl
be, that he must be dismissed the service. The Mates
others were going to give him a jubilee, but in order totir
vent that scandal—and he hoped, if possible, he might heftio
tradicted as to the fact if it were possible—the officers In he
Court-martial ordered him six months' imprisonment; 07_ in
was sent on board of a ship to receive his punishment,. wod
close arrest, as should have been the case, but in open arrest, rd,
the consequence was, he grossly misconducted himself on ban 6
He went on the quarter-deck, where be should not hoe croa.
and told the officer in command that he was a liar, inflow&
other disrespectful terms. But when he came home the hid
of Admiralty, eonsidering him an unfortunate culprit who
already suffered enough, discharged him from the custouiiel,
which he was subjected by the sentence of the Court-marte d to
Rut if it had been a person without education, who dar rior
make use of such language, or send a challenge to his sur or
officer, he would now be on his way to a penal settlement, s.
be hanged at the yard-arm. If he (Captain Rous) were °-tht
Court-martial, and if a doubt existed with regard °hoe'
amount of punishment to be awarded, he would t"ther
the doubt into the scale of the greater punishment 144
than allow the discipline of her Majesty's r
to be broken. The Mates and the Midshipmen were3,' ass
verned by the system of rewards and punishments-
i,t;bers
fact, that many officers were anxious to prevent Sir d•rbg
plan being carried into effect. In the year 1812, before the;
American war, it was stated by all the naval sages then 'oo
House, that it was impossible for an 18-gun frigate to e ,/as
with one of 20 guns ; but at that very moment the fcr! nty's
being disproved. When he was in one of her Maie,-.ote
vessels, in 1811, they chased the French frigate Chloines 1101
Brest, and fired five to every four shots fired by the enetnif,,, of
that he wanted was, to impress on the House the necesalls,
employing efficient men. He was trading on sacred groueder
he was about to refer to a Gallant Officer, but be ha as 4
cribed the state of the Mediterranean fleet, and how neck
it was to have men of energy and activity for that service '
he was obliged to say that the Gallant Officer about to yja•
that command, will have been sixty-seven years in bertha it
jesty's service next August. He could not help feeling ;re'
was cruel to drag men full of years and honours, from tbeiwitsl
tirement, and appoint them to such a command. And aid
excuse could the Admiralty make for it? Why, tb„,„*....,.
would tell them that it was necessary to have an ,j
certain rank to take the command in the Meditcrraue7orsee
the event of being obliged to co-operate with a foreign tr
tP
The excuse was ridiculous and childish, for her MaJeos.o, oa
Council could at any time order an officer to hoist 0,..71,51e
any rank her Majesty pleased. But he believed that 9'400
miralty thought the virtue lay in the flag, and not in t'frpcf
and energy of the man whose rank it denoted. Did they told
that that flag, when it fluttered in the breeze, would And
the circulation to the aged veins of the Commander? nst
when, in a dead calm, it hung clinging to the mast, o "
not be considered an emblem of strength decayed, as te the
shook in the gale it might be taken as an emblem oar of
chieftain was about to depart ? If he had been the arivirseed $
PhP O
the First Lord of the Admiralty, he would not have W
fine building on a ruined arch, even though that are ep
twined with ivy and covered with laurel. He had draw red °
plan for the improvement of the Navy, which had aPPellott°
the newspapers, and therefore he should not trouble the 110
with it, as any one might make himself acquainted ,Wp'ot
contents. His object was, that commissions should
granted by the Admiralty to the influence
be
ef apagidreafotrreletabl;
that something of an equivalent should
cf obtaining an efficient officer, without adding to an„motiel
t.p—rno (ma
number
Hear, hear.)
os:
lhoeealrd.
yearsb)
afloat;e i
vlenn
attonhdtehosper—b,
8000 r;
osefvrilvliebeduntrthineeannegtdsreatlhtiesestas thes,oooo
selected by their Captains, who were the best judges, theYref
be better selected than they could be by the AdmiraltPla.nte
put the young men on the shelf, and drew out the 6, t vtl"
They seemed to for4et that they could afford to do' 11"1.1m
right, hut they could not afford to do what was wrong. goo) •
expenditure, they knew that the clergy received ono"'
,}iter'
the rental of this country.—(Opposition cheers and -ita'a,r,
and cries of " One-fifth.") Well, one-fifth would saf
gument as well. They had Crown officers, law offiroarsi
munificently paid; but they could not afford to pal ips
officer. But would the prayer of the priest, and the plead for
of the lawyer, stop the bullet? No. They must depen`i the
their defence on the strong arm and daring valour °those
soldier and the seaman —they must depend ulaswwetki,
men who conquered kingdoms in every part of the gis
and brought this little island to the highest pitch of glory' they
mightobjec
fwasel teowb riien
gthoether stepsoffioefe rtsh forward,their pred
was his duty to bring forward this subject. Shafts of fait, aril
might fly about his head, but they would pass unheeded! the
the good things might be remembered. He would finish
words of the old song :
" Then oh, protect the British tar,
ceinsseorrsdeier
gthies_rsf_u.ol.ol:.
Be mindful of his merit ;
And when again you're plunged in war,
He'll show his daring spirit."
Sir G. COCKBURN was happy to find young offi.e:_/...5,c1:1
forward in that House in the manner in when the 117.'near,)
Gallant Member who had just sat down did.—(lle,iar tosill
The first thing he (Sir G. Cockburn) wishe—, Elton'
the attention of the House to, was the case of Ihr..et,er to
Mr. Elton, as the Gallant Officer had stated, wrote A 4to
an officer whom he considered his friend, making a reeileo'rai,
which no answer was returned. He then wrote an iti_sujurts
nate letter to that officer. For this he was tried hyt he Os
martial and dismissed the service, in addition to which
sentenced to six months' imprisonment in the Marshalsea t
of,
had no hesitation in saying that when the intelligence officer
sentence arrived at the Admiralty, there was not aa„, their
there who did not consider that a severe sentence, theung;, that
took for granted, considering who had ssed the sente, n their
there were good reasons for it. They then determiner!' hearer'
own minds not to send him to prison. When theja_tingoil
, however, of his improper conduct on board of the!t no(r1
they determined not to interfere on his behalf,cseiThe t
accordingly he was sent to the Marshalsea.
1'
tain whom Mr. Elton had offended by his seao