The Sun.
London, England, 1842-06-15 00:00:00

to them. It had been said that the measure would inflict a
serious injtfry upon France. France was possessed of an easy
remedy. Ilshe wished to bare The advantage of English coal
she could take off the import duty which she had imposed
and she could derive the same advantage. With regard to what
had been said of the supply to be derived from the continen-
tal coal fields, they were at such a distance from any seaport
that they could not compete with British coals except in their
own immediate neighbourhood.

- Mr. C. BULLEI was not surprised at the Hon. Gentleman
opposite saying he did not approve at all of the proposition of
the Government, and yet he felt himself compelled
to vote for it. Hon. Gentlemen on the other side
of the House had frequently been placed in the same
situation during the present session.—(Cheeers and laughter.)
Throughout the debates on .the tariff he had always sup-
ported the Government ; but on this question he felt bound
to oppose them. The Noble Lord who had just sat down
admitted that there was some risk' in interfering with the
trade. He (Mr. C. B.) was not inclined. to run so great a
rtsk for the mere purpose of eking out the enormous amount of
:be Income-tax by such a paltry sum as 140,000/.—( Hear.)
There was a very str,ng argument Which had not been met
by the gentlemen on the opposite side, viz., the mis-
chief they were doing to the interests of this country, by
leryiog a duty on articles of raw material, upon which the in-
dus!ry and wealth of the country depended. They were
holding out to foreign countries an inducement to levy duties
on their produce. They were holding out -inducements to
fluss3ia to impose a duty on the export of hemp; they were
holding out an inducement to France and. Italy to impose a
duty on raw silk ; to the American in respect of cotton ; and
to the German and Spaniard in respect of wool. To all
these they were holding out an- inducement to tax articles upon
which the manufactures of this country depended ; and they
were laying down this principle for the paltry sum of 140,000/.
a year.
Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and the Com-
mittee divided,

For the Government proposition
Against it
Majority fur the motion -133
On the duty of 6d. per cwt. on the export of clay, China
stone, cement stone, and flints being proposed, a short conver-
sation ensued, after which the item was agreed to.
Mr. GLADSTONE moved that the duties imposed in the
foregoing schedules on articles other than spirits and timber,
shall be respectively subject to the charge of 5 per cent., pro-
posed by an Act pa!sed in the third year of her present Ma-
jesty, cap. 17, and the duties imposed in the foregoing schedules
on spirits shall be subject to the additional rate laid on
spirits by the said Act ; and the duties imposed by the fore-
going schedules on timber be subjected to the additional duty
of 5 per cent.
Dr. BOW RING opposed the resolution, on the ground that
the Right Hon. Gentleman
.had himself acknowledged that
these additional duties had proved an entire failure.
After a a few words from Sir R. PEEL, the resolution was
agreed to.
This being the last clause of the voluminous tariff, the decision
was received with loud cheers from the Ministerial Benches.

An HON. AIEZtiRER wished to ask the Right Hon. liaronet
opposite when the new tariff would coma into operation.
Sir R. PEEL sa;d the universal rule would be that the new
duty would come into operation from the passing of the Act.
He hoped that now the gengral feeling of the House
would be, that as the tariff had . been fully and fairly
discussed they should, as much as possible, expedite the
passing of the Bill. There was no probability that any ma-
terial alterations would now be made; and he thought it was for
the public interest that the Bill should come into operation
with the least possible delay.
TITHES COMMUTATION BILL.

On the motion for the third reading of the Tithes Commuta-
tion Bill,

Sir R. INGLIS protested against the principle of the Bill,
and objected to all compulsory commutations of tithe.
Mr. HUME thought the compulsory process ought to have
been more strictly enforced by the Commissioners.
Sir J. GRAHAM vindicated the principle of the Bill and
the conduct of the Commissioners.

The Bill was then read a third time, and passed.
ASSESSED TAXES BILL.
The Assessed Taxes Bill was read a second time.
The other Orders of the Day were then disposed of, and the
House adjourned at a Quarter to Two o'clock.

A LETTER TO EARL DE GREY,
ON THE AMELIORATED CONDITION OF
IRELAND. By W. W. SIMPSON, Member of the
Royal Agricultural Society of England; and the New
Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland.

We have read this letter with great delight. Every
Briton must take an interest in the condition of Ire-
land, and it is gratifying therefore to find that her
prospects are every day beeoniinemore bright, that
riot and drunkenness are giving way to order and so-
briety, that agriculture is Making rapid progress in
various parts of the island, that the landlords begin to
see the advantage of acting generously towards their
tenantry, and that a general moral improvement has
taken. place in the habits of nearly all classes. Thanks
to the Governments of Lord Normanby and Lord
Ebrington. They treated the Irish like rational
beings, and their lenient and just administration of
the laws were amply repaid by the obedience of a
grateful people. Mr. Simpson has had much inter-
course with that country ; he has paid great attention
to the improvements in progress; 'he is not a partisan
either in politics or religion i-and we therefore quote
with great satisfaction tbe following tribute to the
good conduct of the people :
" For the last nine years,:' says he, " I have been led,
by the duties of my vocation, to visit all parts of Ire-
land, and have thus been enabled to form a tolerably
corre-t opinion of the habitS of the peasantry in: the
different districts ; and it is gratifying to be able to
state that the drunkenness, squalor, and misery, which
a few years since it was painful to witness, have now,
in many instances, given way .to sobriety, cleanliness,
and comfort. In my last two visits to Ireland I saw but
one drunken person, and this, I regret to say, was one of
.the softer sex ; whereas, on former occasions, I have
seen hundreds; and where fightings at fairs and markets
were common events, nothing of the kind now occurs."
The next paragraph is little less gratifying :
Another most important reformatidn in7the habits of
the peasantry has developwd itself in the gradual adop-
tion of a better system of husbandry, whereby those
sisiall farmers who were formerly scarcely able to pay
their rents or to procure the common necessaries of life,
are now enabled to satisfy all the just demands of their
landlords, and procure for themselves and their families

those comforts for which their newly acquired habits of
temperance and industry have given, them a proper and
wholesome relish. The better cultivation of the lands
and the moral improvement of the people have proceeded
pari passe."
We have not space to notice all the topics embraced
in this excellent letter, but we call the attention of
the reader particularly to the 'remarks on " Inglis's
Visit to Ireland." Many of the statements in that
work, generally taken as gospel, have been incon-
testibly refuted by Mr. Simpson. One extract will
suffice :

" The Marquis of Waterford and the Beresford family
come in for a share of the misrepresentation so unjustly
dealt out by Inglis. Of my own knowledge, derived
from personal observation 4 and corroborated by the
testimony of many respectable individuals, I can aver
that a more kind or more liberal landlord than the
Marquis of Waterford does not exist. His lands are let
at exceedingly moderate rents, and his disposition to-
wards his tenants is best evinced by the deep respect
in which they litld him. I have the pleasure of an
acquaintance with the Messrs. Malcolmson, the pro-
prietors of the cotton factory at Mayfield on this estate,
which I was particularly invited.:to see, and it is curious
that during that acquaintance I have never heard one
word about the obstacles which the Beresford family
threw in the way of their establishment, as alleged by

In addition to the letter, in the pamphlet there is
an appendix containing some useful original papers
on the state of the country, and we therefore recom-
mend the small work to the attention of all those who
take an interest in the welfare of the sister island.