The Sun.
London, England, 1827-01-26 00:00:00

•
ANMIL' UT/
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ar

LONDON,
FRIDAY BVENING, JANUARY 26, 1927.1

At a late hour this forenoon an Express has been
received from Paris, by which a letter has reached
town containing the following intelligence

" Rams, JAN'. 24.—The Moniteur contains a telegraphic dis-
patch which arrived here yesterday evening, giving news fro'
Madrid of 20th January, according to which the Portuguese I*-
surgents have been defeated and compelled to retreat."
(From the Moniteur of Wednesday, Jan. 24.)
An account from Madrid, dated Jan. 20, says—," The Ports-
guess Refugees who had lately abandoned the road of Coimbra, 04
had passed the Mondego, drawing nearer to the frontiers of Spain,
were beaten on the 9th at Coruches Dabeira, where they suffered;
considerable loss. Accounts from the frontiers say, that great
numbers of them have already been driven back (refoule) into ths
Spanish territory."
CALAIS, JAN. 25.—The roads are so blocked up with anovt
that every sort of conveyance is greatly delayed.
Faaxcn FUNDS.—PARIS, SAN. 24.—Five per Cents., 9!f
40c. 50c. 40c. 50c. '7sc. ; Three per Cent, 67f. sso„ 255.
50c. ; Bank Stock, 1,995 f. ; Renki de Naples, 7Sf. 40c. 45c•
40e. 4,5 c. ; Rentes d'Espagne, 50. Exchange on London, 010
month, paper, 25E 45e., money, 25E 405.: three months,
paper, 25E 30e. ; money, 26f. 25e.

We received last night Lisbon Papers and Gaeta&
to the Bth inst. They contain accounts of the suc-
cessful operations of the Forces under Count VILLA
&on against the Rebels to the 2d inst., at which time
his head quarters were at Gouvea, the Rebels having
P .I__ Mvutictiu, by the

bridge of Cabra. It would appear that the Rebel
force under the Marquis of CHAVES had passed to
the left bank of the Mondego about the 23d or 25th ult.
but were subsequently placed in a critical situation 1)1
the junction of the Constitutional forces under CollUt
VILLA FLOR, and Generals CLayorNo and Azr
REDO, which obliged them to retreat. Count VILLA
FLOR followed them, and about the Slst ult. or Ist
inst. some skirmishing took place on the bridge of
Cabra, which the Constitutional troops passed, under
a constant fire from the Rebels, who had three killed
and eight wounded. Some men of the Sd Infantry
abandoned the Rebels and joined the Constitutional
forces. The rebels continued to retreat in the direc-
tion of Trancosa. The Marquis and Marchioness de
CHAVES, and TELLES JORDAO had arrived et
Guarda on the Ist, and the General of the Lower
Beira was advancing to I>elmonte. Upon the whole,
the cause of the Rebels ;nay be considered as having
sustained a considerable check, but still it does not
appear that any serious disaster had befallen their
troops. They had merely been obliged to retreat front
a dangerous situation, in which they found them-

selves placed in consequence of their hasty advance
into the country on the left bank of the Mondego.
The country on the right bank of the Mondego, and
from thence to the Douro, would appear to be still open
to them. If, howevr, they should be compelled to
retreat into Spain, the question regarding the conduct

of FERDINAND will be at once brought to issue.

The appointment of Lord BERE3FORD to the com-
mand of the Portuguese Army seems to have givev

great disgust. It is said to be contrary to the charter
to appoint a foreigner to that post, but at the same

ime a wish is expressed in the Papers that Lieut.-

General Sir W. H. CLINTON Should be placed in it,

which shows that the objections against Lord BERis-
FORD are of a personal .initure. His Lordship, it is

said, is very unpopular with the meat mass of the

people in Portugal.
Extracts from these Papers will be found iu auo.

ther colurn.

'We received this morning the Piedniontese Gazette
of the 16th instant ; but its contents possess little inte-
rest. The following are extracts :

GPNOA, JAN. IS.
We have received interesting commercial information front the
Dardanelles, which proves the good understanding that continues
to subsist with the Porte. These accounts are dated Dec. 21, as
which day his Majesty's Vice-Consul had arrived in the Darda-
nelles, accompanied by 32 vessels, under the Sardinian flag, re-
turning from the Black Sea. This numerous convoy was on the
point of sailing under the protection of the Baroune des Genet's
brigantine, commanded by Capt. Profuno.
Immediately on his arrival, the Vice-Consul paid a visit to his
Excellency the Pacha, commandinc, the forts; after which the
Royal Sardinian Consular flag was hoisted, and saluted by all the
foreign Consuls, with the flags of their respective nations. At

sike
at
,
me same moment, 414 saa" was displayed on all the vessels at
anchor in the Channel, and a salute of 60 guns announced the
11°isting of the Royal Sardinian Rag in time Dardanelles.
Tha Sardinian Captains, accompanied by the Royal Chancel-
lor (Sig. Ant. Repetto), then proceeded in a body to compliment
the new Consul, and to congratulate him on an event which has
been long desired. He invited them to a handsome entertain-
ment, at which all the foreign Consuls residing there were pre-
40t) who manifested their satisfaction on this occasion, by nu-
merous toasts to his Majesty Charles Felix, and the Royal Fa-
mily, as well as the Sovereigns, his allies.
FLoatxcE, Jan. 9.—Her Imperial Highness the Grand Du-
chess Maria Carolina, onr August Sovereign, was happily deli-
vered last night of a princess.
Jaw. 10.--The infant Princess was baptized to-day by the
name of Maria Massimiliana Tecla Giovanni Guiseppa. On this
happy occasion his Royal Highness has granted portions to 360
Poor young women in the Grand Duchy, some of twenty the
ethers of fifteen crowns. The Magistrates have ordered the illu-
minations of this cathedral and fire-works ; the 10th, 11th, and
12th are to be observed as holidays.

MILAN, JAN. 11.
Her Imperial Highness the Archduchess, Vice-Queen, was
ufely delivered of a Prince this morning. A salute of 101 guns
announced this happy event to the inhabitants of this capital.
JAN. It---Her Imperial Highness the Vice-Queen and the
Young Prince are doing well.

PALERMO, DEc. 21.
The heavy rains in the course of Oetober have produced an in-
teresting discovery, which may lead to others of greater im-
portance.
On the beach of Capo Boeo, near Marsala, the earth being
washed away by the waters, has left exposed to view the ruins of
an ancient edifice, which have been buried for many ages.--
There were found at first five bases of columns, at equal distances
from each other, and a pavement of 16 palms in length, made of
composition, in which there is Mosaic work. Other bases were
afterwards found, and the capital of one of the columns, and, at a
short distance, a building with two doors, the floors of which are
of 'white marble, and the walls of soft stone and stucco.
There aro other buildings surrounded with walls, which extend
under the ground, the visible part of which rises two or three
Palms obove the pavement.
On the sane level is a flight of three steps of "oft stoat, five
palms in length ; the extremities of which are covered with stucco,
sod round it are the bases and capitals of columns. The floor of
theft buildings is about twelve palms below the surface of the
VQuad.

Despatches were received this morning at the Foreign
014 e, from Sir W. A'COL'RT, and at the Admiralty from
Vice-Admiral Lord AMELIUS BEAUCLERK, by the Sand-
wich packet from Lisbon. We have received by the
same opportunity several private letters. They all
state the unpopularity of the appointment of Lord
BERESFORD to command the Portuguese Array. Lisbon
Was perfectly quiet; but little was known there of the
actual state of the Rebel Army, or the forces opposed to
it. The Wellesley and Windsor Castle had sailed for
Gibraltar, and on their return with troops from thence,
Were to proceed home.
The Gloucester and Melville sailed from the Tagus for
England, on the 6th, and the Ocean would also sail in a
few days, on her return home, as soon as the Admiral and
his retinue removed into the Spartiate, which is to he the
future flag ship.
A French frigate, of the first class, carrying 60 guns,
bearing the flag of a Rear-Admiral, came into the Tagus
on the Bth, with two brigs. The French Ambassador
for Brazil, was on board the frigate.
A soldier of the 60th Regiment had been stabbed in
the streets on the preceding night ; but no particulars are
given in our letters.

Nothing can surprise foreigners more than the rela-
tions in which the various classes of society stand to-
walxis each other under a limited monarchy like that of
Great Britain. On the 22d instant, the Corporation
of
Bath presented Mr. CANNING with the Freedom
of their City, and the Right Hon. Gentleman ac-
knowledged in his reply, the satisfaction which he felt
at the proof thus
given
of the estimation in which his
public services were held. Here we have the greatest
Orator and Statesman of the day, receiving honor
from the Mayor and Aldermen of a Provincial City—
persons who can feel it no disparagement to be consi-
dered as occupying a place very far inferior in dis-
tinction to that held by the Right Hon. Secretary.
The explanation lies in this, that under a Constitu-
tion such as ours, the highest functionaries of the
State still consider themselves the servants of the
Public, and, as such; are gratified with the esteem
4nti approbation of any respectable portion of that
Public. Prince METTEnteicx may insult, with im-
Punity, the Austrian nation, and can feel little solici-
tude about their good opinion, for it was not that
which placed him on his proud elevation ; and hireling
h4Yonets will maintain it for him, whether the people
wish it or not. But Mr. CANNING'S power is founded
`'n Public esteem, and on the conviction of his Sovereign
4nd his fellow-citizens that he is the fittest man
t° direct the energies of this mighty empire,
It
Pacisque imponere morels,
It
Parcere subject's, et debellare superbos."
6
natural, therefore, for him to have a
aYulpathy with that community to whose good
Pillion he Owes his present distinguished situa-
tion. To some minds,
no doubt, the possession of
4hsolute indefeasible power may afford much more
satisfaction than that which, emanating from public
°Pinio.
n, is still precarious from the very nature of its
tenure.
, the But we mistake not, such is not the case
with
esteem Right Hon. Secretary. He must feel the
and affection of a free nation far more enviable
than
the abject homage of slaves. The accidents of
birth
and fortune may confer the one, the other implies
the
possession of distinguished talent and exalted worth.
It m4y be
held in this
friendship of the ns country even without the private
ign
great Lord CH ere so, •
ATRA\ as was the case with the
;.itl,wand though Royal favour may
be a concomitant,
a,s
necessarily the cause of Ir. CANNixo's case, it is not
Well English Minister's power.
A Sovereign such as
forgets private feeling are at present blessed with,
, and, as
lately evinced, even fra-
ternal affection, in the choice of •
impubh.c servants ; and
though we may incur the
Putation of flattery,
We cannot help expressing our hi h
y appreciated till,
g admiration of
a virtue which will not be dul
is felt by the
ambitious
possibly, • experience of the reverse
English nation, under some future
encroaching MONARCH. Every one knows that, with
our It
it proceeds not from obtuseness and apathy,
(for the Highest PERSONAGE the in Realm
ea , in point

of intellect and accomplishment has, even as an indi-
vidual, first rate pretensions to that distinction) but
rather from a true knowledge of the British Constitu-
tion, which points out to its Chief Magistrate as his
department, a general dignified superintendence of the
whole machine in the choice of able Ministers, and oc-
casional not constant or vexatious interference with
the minutia✓ of Government.

Such conduct has been sanctioned by the example of
Queen ELIZABETH and all our ablest Sovereigns,
whilst those least fit to govern have been distinguished
by an impotent wish to take upon themselves the
whole cares of administration. Long may old England
enjoy such a Sovereign and such a Minister !

The opinion of the public generally of the Spanish
Circular, which we published yesterday, seems to co-
incide with that which we expressed. Reports had been
industriously spread, that this Document was entirely of
a pacific character, and, that it had perfectly satisfied
our Government with regard to the conduct of Spain ;
and a Morning Paper, whose opinion has hitherto had
great influence in leading public opinion, unhesitatingly
declared that it was entitled to be considered in every
way satisfactory. But when persons read it and judged
for themselves, they soon came to the conclusion that
it was completely the reverse. Even the Piper we
allude to, though it states this morning (with less re-
serve than its information can sanction) that our
Ministers understand this Note in a pacific sense,
and again expresses an opinion that it fairly ad-
mits of such an interpretation, reasons itself in the
same Article into the admission, that the Note
has several expressions in it, and omits several other
points which ought to have been adverted to, which
render it still doubtful whether the Government of
Spain are sincere. The Paper in question even goes the
length of saying that with whatever good humour Mr.
CANNING may bring himself to receive this Note, as
A proof of FERDINAND'S repentance, M. Ds DANLAS,
it is presumed, can do no otherwise than remonstrate
upon the tone of it as disrespectful and discreditable to
his master.

The fact undoubtedly is, that the Spanish Circu-
lar in no degree alters the pre-existing state of the
question between Great Britain and Spain. It carries
on the same game which has been played so long by
the Cabinet of Madrid,—but which must now be
brought to an immediate conclusion. Shuffling and
shrinking from the plain facts of the case can no longer
be admitted. Spain must declare its policy without
reservation, and be prepared to abide the consequences
of that policy if at variance with such as Great Britaiu
has demanded. Mr. CANNING has gone too far to
retreat, and we may well assume, from the energy and
decisiOn of the measures which he has already adopted
that, wit]. all a... goo.' nature attributed to him, he
will not be satisfied with an answer of doubtful con-
etructien ; but that he will require both profeseimis
and acts demonstrative of the pacific intention of
Spain, and such as may be fully consistent with what
is due to the honour and security of our most faith-
ful ally.

The events of each succeeding day betray more
clearly the cloven foot of the Jesuits in the affairs of
Spain, and the conduct of FERDINAND speaks with
the certainty of fate, how irretrievably he has commit-
ted his destiny into the hands of dark advisers, whose
counsels involve him in perpetual hostility with his
subjects, and threaten the security of his throne. But
as he is a willing agent in their hands, he is responsi-
ble for his actions, whether they originate with the
Apostolicals or are the dictates of his own mind. The
present state of things with regard to Portugal is exactly
similar to that which preceded the invasion of Spain
by the French armies under the Duke D'ANc.;ou-
LEME. On that occasion, the public were amused,
or rather insulted, with protestations directly at variance
with the secret intentions of the French Cabinet, till
the period arrived for throwing off the mask, and stand-
ing forth the avowed champions of perfidy and absolute
rule. The constitution of Spain was not then more
hateful in the eyes of Louis XVIII. and the Ultras,
than the liberal Government of NI tugal is at present
odious in the eyes of FERDINAND and his intolerant
advisers. The insidious project of revolutionizing
Portugal by secret emissaries, not having fully suc-
ceeded, FERDINAND thinks now to accomplish his
purpose by overawing the Portuguese with an
Army of Observation on the frontiers, until more
auspicious circumstances enable him to invade the
country. But this flimsy subterfuge will not avail
him. He may address his public Circulars to the
Commanding Officers on the frontiers to observe
one line of conduct, and may accompany them by secret
instructions, directing a different line of policy ; but
the world watches the motions of his agents, and
forms its conclusions by the event—not by the pro-
fessed rule of their conduct. In common life that
man would not be trusted a second time who had
wilfully deceived—and is FERDINAND the more
to be believed because he has not only deceived
over and over again, but has the effrontery to defend
his wicked perversion of truth on the plea of State
necessity, or the more tangible, though less satisfactory
ground—that his weathercock mind had changed its
purpose ? But there seems to be an infatuation in
FERDINAND'S conduct throughout. He will not take
warning by the past, but hurries on in mad opposition
to the enlightened spirit of the times, and the interests

d his people. The internal trade of:his kingdom is
paralysed, and its commerce destroyed. His navy,
once so powerful, is kept in check by a few privateers,
fitted out from one of what were once his transatlantic
provinces. The strong holds of his country are now
in possession of a French army, and yet with all these
humiliating facts staring him in ,the face, he has the
audacity not to say the folly, of equipping an army to
overawe Portugal—himself overawed and hedged
in at every turn ! He may deceive his own heart,
but he will impose no longer on public credulity.
He has played the hypocrite so long that he cannot
now affect honesty if he would. Superstition and its
attendant, tyranny, have cost Spain the Indies—priest-
craft and intolerance have already gone far to cost
FERDINA ND the Throne of Spain. He has breathed a
noxious atmosphere so long that a pure air threatens
his existence. Absolute rule has so much corrupted
his Court, and bigotry enslaved his people—that the
establishment of a free Constitution in Portugal en-
dangers the stability of his illiberal system. But he
can no more avert the march of liberal principles
into Spain, than he can prevent the winds of Heaven
from blowing over the Portuguese frontier. He may
dream of the immensity of his past grandeur, and
waken to behold the narrow bounds of a limited
empire ; he may rely upon the hollow promises of his
ghostly advisers, and find, in the hour of tribulation,
that he has placed his faith upon traitors. The priests
have ruined his people and undermined his throne.
He has been a willing instrument in their hands, and
it is meet that he should experience the fulness of
their curse.

The Times is pleased to say that uo changes in the
Administration are likely to occur. We have, never-
theless, reason to believe, that some important changes
will take place at no distant period. The Cabinet,
we learn, will now receive the accession of the Earl of
ABERDEEN—an event which we foretold some time