The Sun.
London, England, 1829-06-19 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

Our readers will see, from the account of the
proceedings yesterday in the Vice-Chancellor's
Court, that the carrying into effect the new re-

gulation, " that the Master of the Rolls should
sit in the morning," has already led to something
like a rebellion on the part of the Profession,
Ishich threatens to assume, ere long, a very for-
midable aspect. In every country there is a su-
perior power ; and in this country that power is
the Bar. The Profession literally rides the two
Houses of Parliament, which are forced to exer-
cise their powers in such a way as shall best pro-
mote the interests of the Lawyers. If the new
regulations tend to curtail the incomes of those
who are at the head of the Profession, we should
be very much inclined to doubt the success of
the measure. They will fight hard against any
diminution of income.--Morrong Chronicle.
We have been very much gratified by the pe-
rusal of a very interesting quarto, just published,
under the title of " Constantinople in 1828 ; a
Residence of Sixteen Months in the Turkish
Capital and Provinces ; with an Account of the
Present State of the Naval and Military Power,
and the Resources of the Ottoman Empire. By
Charles Macfarlane, Esq." Mr. Macfarlane is
an acute, discriminating traveller, and seems to
have been exceedingly diligent in pursuing his
inquiries into the condition and resources of
Turkey ; and his work possesses an additional
interest from the conjuncture at which it appears,
for, as lie says, " whatever may be the value of
. my observations, they are the latest made in
Turkey (that are likely to meet the public eye)
I believe, by two or three years ; and they will
assist an examination of the real state of the Ot-
toman Empire as I left it in October, 1828."
Mr. Macfarlane had many opportunities of see-
ing the new troops, both at Smyrna and other
towns in Asia Minor, and at Constantinople,
and his account is upon the whole favourable.
" The regulars of Smyrna (he says) I have de-
scribed as an ill-looking set of fellows, unlike
Turks ; and in my third chapter I have endea-
voured to account for the physical inferiority,
which struck me equally at Constantinople, ex-
cept in a portion of the Guards that were
picked men
The tacticoes (new troops) arc
generally short in stature, clumsily made, by
no means robust, and abominably ill-visaged.'
The good-looking Stamboolis (Constantinopo-
litans) certainly were of my opinion, and won-
dered where the Sultan had collected such a set
of scarecrows. Such as they are, however, they
almost invariably possess a valuable quality in a
military view, which the rest of the Turks seem
deficient in. They are extremely active, and
quick, in all their movements. I several times
saw tnem perform evolutions with a rapidity that
astonished me, even with the vitesse in ma-
noeuvring of some fine European regiments,
fresh in my memory. These, it is true, were
Pot done neatly or symmetrically, but the result
was obtained—lines were changed, squares solid
or hollow formed, and the troops again deployed
with celerity ; and if their style of step and
march would pot satisfy the critical eye of an
English or a German sergeant-major, there was
nothing to be said against the promptness and
regularity of their fire. lam speaking, it will be
fenelerstood, of troops of the oldest standing, and
more especially of the Imperial Guards. There
were at the time from two to three thousand men
at the capital in this advanced stage, the rest
were bad indeed." Mr. Macfarlane accounts
in this way for the general ugliness of the
new troops :—" On carrying into exe-
cution his long-favoured plan for raising a
disciplined army, the Grand Seignior directed
the levies to be made among young lads, and
principally in districts remote from the great
cities of the empire; thus wisely insuring to him-
superior degree of docility, and running
little fisic of his conscripts having the dangerous
taint of Janisearyism amongst them. The re-
ader service, as may be well imagined, was not
much affected ; and the better class of Turkish
peasants bought off their sons from the officers
and local authorities, who, in Turkey, are uni-
versally corruptible by bribes, to an extent per-
haps sinknown in any other country. The
weight fell on the most degraded of the peasant
cast, and foe the most part in poor mountainous
rude countries, The Turkish people, when
they first came in £ontact with the nations of
le.-I,urope, were remarkably ugly, and their great
;:ruprovement has been attributed to the inter-
marriages, once very frequent with women of
different countries, where the standard of beauty
is high. But immense portions of the original
race that remained stationary in remote districts
(particularly in the interior of Asia Minor,which
has furnished so great a part of the levies) can
have had no such opportunities of improvement,
and may have retained their original Tartar ugli•
ness." The appearance, we should suppose, is
a very secondary consideration in an army ; the
principle requisite being celerity of movement.
When the Swiss were the crack troops of
Europe, Macchiavcl observes, they were gene-
rally mean-looking fellows ; and a remark of
the same kind is made by Philip de Comines, of
the herdsmen who defeated Charles the Bold of
Burgundy. These ill-favoured mountaineers
are more likely to support the fatigues and pri-
vations of campaign, than the handsome Stant-
boolis. When the war broke out with Russia,
Mr. Macfarlane says, and he gives proofs of his
aSEetioll, the Grand Seignor's troops were rather
below than above thirty thousand. He relates
a conversation he had with a Russian DVG-
mate, at Smyrna, which, he says, may throw
some light on the feelings and real motive.;
which induced the Cabinet of Saint Petersburgh
to a fresh attack on Turkey Do you think
(said this Gentleman), that Russia can stand
by as a quiet spectatress, whilst Turkey is thus
raising armies on every side ?" " But Russia
has no right to interfere with the military, any
snore than with the civil organization of a coun-
try that owes her no allegiance. The Sultan is
only replacing with better materials, the troops
he has suppressed." "We will wave the ques-
tion of abstract right, and look to circumstances
s they stand. Russia has grievances, of which
she may, sooner or later, be constrained to seek
redeees from Turkey; nor is it to be expected that
she can see with complacency, the progress of
measures Turkey, that must render the ob-
taining of that redress more and more difficult—
would it be prudent for the Emperor to wait like
a hero in the fielci ,of chivalry, until the Sultan
shall have put on 'll his 3rnis and appointments,
and shall throw the gauntlet in his teeth ?"—lbid.
We refer to our City article for a renewed ex-
posure of the dexterous tricks by which the
financial juggles of Ferdinand have conjured
large. sums of money into their bends from the
pockets of their dupes at Paris. Hi 3 Catholic
V''sllajesty, or his advisers, have displayed Tso
small capacity in their Stock Exchange transac-
tions, both during the time of the Constitutional

Government and since its overthrow. After confined merely to a re-instatement of the redeemed
having replenished his coffers at the ex pence of debt, would add 50 per cent. to their present value,
liberal eapitalistsafter having obtained the '; There appeared during last week, several para-
means of paying his household, and buying fire- graphs in the columns of the other papers, cal-
wood for his kitchen, by the confidence of the culated to throw discredit upon the present
public in his constitutional engagements, he Bishop of Lincoln, as having reduced a clergy-
turns round and denies the validity of the bonds man in his diocess, named Wray, with a family
on which money was advanced for the relief of of thirteen children, to a state of destitution, by
his wants. He thus gets rid of his political a capricious exercise of episcopal authority.
promises and his debts together. He then The observations of our cotemporaries were
makes advances to the Absolutist party for a founded on a pamphlet written by Mr. Wray
Royal loan, and under pretence of paying it off; I himself. We have in consequence taken some
creates rentes, which are equally worthless as his i pains to investigate the circumstances of the
Cortes obligations. Thus both parties are laid case, and shall immediately lay the result of our
under contribution by his artifices ; thus people, inquiries before the public. It is very true, as
with more money than sense, whether English Mr. Wray states, that the Bishop, by obliging
or French—whether worshippers of legitimacy I him to perform double duty in his parish-church
or friends of freedom—have been equally ren- of Bardney, forced him to relinquish the curacy
dered tributary to his dishonesty. of Horsington ; but it is equally true that his
" Tros Tyriusque milli nullo discrimine agetur." Lordship subsequently licensed Mr. Wray 's son
Now it seems to be thought, both in Paris and to the vacant cure. Bardnev, also, may be a
London, that the hocus pocus operation of the living of small value, of 601. or 701. a year ; but
rentes is at an end ; and hopes are founded on Mr. Wray has omitted to state in his pamphlet,
his necessities for further supplies, that he will and our cotemporaries were probabls unacquaint-
acknowledge his past debts. It would be un- ed with the fact, that the same gentleman •holds
gracious to advise persons who despair of any also, in the same diocess, another living, that of
redress not to accept payment unless the whole Manby, the annual value of which is between
amount of their claim can be secured, but until 4501. and 500/. a year. And, lastly, the living
King Ferdinand confesses insolvency, and tenders of Bardney itself, which is the patronage of the
a composition with his creditors from inability to Bishop, is at the present time, and was when
discharge his whole debt, the Cortes bondholders Mr. Wray was called upon for double duty, le-
would betray disgraceful meanness in listening to gaily voidable, and is only retained by that gen-
any proposal to take any per centage on their deman through the Bishop's indulgence ! We
claims. As they made a contract which was fui- think, therefore, that the public will conclude
filled on their part, they ought to require its ful- with us, that Mr. Wray has no just cause to
fillment on his. The use to which he applied complain of his diocesan. And here we would
their advances, whether in paying off old debt wish the matter to rest. It is an unholy and un-
or in answering current charges, has nothing to edifying sight for clergymen to be tearing each
do with their stipulated rights ; but if their other to pieces in pamphlets.—lbid.
Royal debtor, on the ground of inability to pay
The conduct of the Directors of the Bank of
the whole, offers a part, they may then entertain
the question of composition.—Times. England in offering a loan upon the recent issue
of Exchequer Bills evidently tends to show the
(FROM THE CITY ARTICLE.)
It appears by the French letters of this morning spirit of accommodation by which they are ac-
that the subject of Spanish finance in general, and tuated ; while at the same time it demonstrates
the fraud of the renter perpetuelles in particular, are the degree of caution upon which they act, and
once more awakening a very lively interest in the the high value of the species of security upon
monied circles of Paris, after having been suffered
which alone they feel themselves justified to
during five or six months to lie dormant. The
cause of the excitement is sufficiently obvious : the the proprietary in makins, these advances. The
period is approaching for the payment of the divi- system usually pursued by' the Bank has in turn
dends, and there must be a renewal, consequently, been attacked, defamed, or eulogised, as suited
of the experiment made in December last, whether the purposes of party writers, whether journalists
an additional issue of rentes perpetuelles sufficient or pamphleteers ; but it cannot be denied brany
for the purpose will go down on the Exchange of im
artist man that in its actual degree of relation
Paris. if not, the dividends, it is presumed, cannot p to the public, it as much regards the general
be paid, and the two classes of Spanish creditors,
the legitimate and illegitimate, as they are at present wants of the Money Market as any commercial
designated, will be placed exactly on the same foot- company could do, consistently with the main-
ing. The juggle of the rentes perpetuelles has been tenauce of its institution and the due security of
more than once exposed in this paper, but it may be profits. It is known that large payments were
useful, as some time has since elapsed, to remind our made to the Exchequer at the time when the
readers briefly of its nature. Since the overthrow dividends became due; and therefore commercial
of the Constitution two descriptions of Spanish men encountered serious difficulties in meeting
stock have been created under the names of Em-
prunt Royal d'Espagne and Rentes Perpetuates. their engagements. To relieve this pressure, the
The first has grown out of the contract of Caleb- Bank has offered a loan upon Exchequer Bills at
hard, near the close of the French invasion ; the last four per cent., and this is calculated to produce
out of a mock conversion of the first, from a debt the double effect of upholding the value of our
redeemable at fixed periods, into a "perpetual" public securities, and preventing a ruinous pres-
annuity. But for this expedient the "Royal Spa- sure upon pecuniary transactions. The amount
nish Loan" would have become a lapsed contract, of the loan is generally stated at two millions,
and its success is almost entirely owing to the and advances may be had within any period of
extraordinary talents in financial matters of M. six weeks, as the holder may require. This is
Aguado, a Paris banker, who has amassed a
highly seasonable, and if a further extension
princely fortune by his ingenuity. He succeeded .0 )
sn old be deemed necessary, we have no doubt
chiefly by practising on the cupidity of the holders
that the Bank will be ready to afford the requi-
of the Royal loan, to whom the transaction was
made to assume so tempting an appearance, that site accommodation.—Morning Post.
they concluded they had nearly doubled their
annuity by it, on security, too, almost equally valid.
M. Aguado on his part secured a real, not an imagi-
nary gain, as he received of the Spanish Govern-
ment the rentes perpetuelles at a price 50 per cent.
below that artificial value he had contrived to esta-
blish for them in the Paris market. Such was his
address, that a notice from the French Minister of
Finance, in December last, to the agens de change of
Paris, against negotiating them, and a warning to the
public not to take them, was disregarded, and the
bonds were got rid of by hawking them literally
from door to door among the shopkeepers of the
French capital. By these means, at least as there
are the best grounds for believing, the existing diffi-
culty was surmounted, and the dividends were paid.
Another crisis is now coming on; the French Go-
vernment, in alarm for the consequence-. of a panic,
or monied convulsion, among the middle and lower
classes of the metropolis, is repeating through vari-
ous channels the warnings given in December
last ; the wealthy banker and his fiends are
exerting themselves to get more of the worth-
less paper into circulation, and provide for the
payment of the July dividends. Under all the cir•
cumstances, every half year, of course, makes this
an affair of greater difficulty. We have no means
of judging how far it is likely to be got over in the
present instance; but it is sufficiently clear that
sooner or later the crisis must come, and that the
loss must fall almost wholly upon the French, who
are the chief if not the only holders of the rentes
perpetuelles, all the address of M. Aguada and his
agents having failed to get them into circulation
here, or, as we believe, in any other part of Europe.
The question would appear, at first sight, to be
wholly destitute of importance on this side of the
Channel, but it is far otherwise, since the crisis
which would follow the nun-payment of the divi-
dends on the Spanish rentes peppetnelles must ne-
cessarily be the prelude to a reconsideration of the
claims of every other class of creditors, inanding the
much-injured holders of the repudiated Cortes bonds.
Till they are in some way disposed of, no perma-
nent credit can be established for Spain in any part
of Europe. It is in vain for the Spanish Govern-
ment now any longer to deny their at least par-
tial validity. There is an obligation at all events
to the extent of the money actually lent, which
was applied to the King's own use under a
Government acknowledged by the whole of
the Power 3 of Europe. But allowing for a •
moment the plea that a pet Lion of it was not applied
to the support of a rebellion against the King's au-1
thority,, what will be said to the validity of the
application of another portion of it, which was em-
ployed in buying up and cancelling the previously
exiSting debt of Spain, the vouchers for which at
this day lie seemely o:noshed in the Bank of Eng.
land ? Neither the creditoes DOi' the contractors had
any thing to do with the " rebellion," as it is termed
by the Royal party, of the Cortes, but their rights
derived from the extinction of the old debt are cer-
tainly iadieptable even by Ferdinand's Govern-
ment; and if the csediters wider the Cortes loans
were told that they must give up eery ethee
and become possessed only of that extinguished debt,
receiving of course the at rears of interest due upon
it, their situation would be materially altered for the
better. It is net tp2Apt, to offer any opinion that
they ought to accept of such a composition in the
^lace of their more extended and just claims, but to
direct the attention of the creditors to a fact whi h
has only recently transpired, and of which very few
of them ere probably aware. It is not accurately
known what is time amount, nominally, of this de-
posit of redeemed legitimate Spanish Stock in the
Bank of England ; but assuming it to be one-sixth
and we believe it is not less, •of the whole of the
loans raised under the Cortes, it may be taken to
represent a capital, in stock, of 3,000,000/. sterling.
Assuming 50 per cent. to be its marketable value,
kor that is about the quotation of rentes perpetuelles
in Paris, it would he worth 1,500,000/. ; to which
adding 900,0001. for six years' intprest; at 5 per
cent., now in arrear, the total value would be
2,400,0001. The price of the Cortes Bonds in this
9 per cent., which, assuming the
market is only
nominal debt to be 18,000,0001., makes their total
value 1,620,000/e and the composition, therefore, if

DREADFUL ACCIDENT.

JERSEY, JUNE 16.—An awfully fatal event took
place on Sunday evening last at Havre des Pas. A
party consisting of twelve persons, including a child •
two years old, embarked for a cruise in a small boat,
with mast and sail, about half-past four in the after-
noon, arid on returning a little before seven o'clock,
one of them, Geo. Horman, (who is among the
saved) climbed up the mast to tie it to a handker-
chief for a 11.1 g. Thomas Marett (since drowned)
got up after him, and when he was about half-mast
high, the boat was overbalanced, capsized, and sunk.
This happened at about 100 yards from the rock
called the Crabiere, or a quarter of a mile from the
beach. Six out of the twelve were unfortunately
drowned, the names of whom are George Falle,
Jane Marett Falle (wife of the former), Thomas
Marett (brother of the latter), Abraham Lettocq,
George Hessey, and John Falle. A lad about 16
years of age, of the name of Desveaux, not only
saved himself, but was the means of preserving the
lives both of a man of the name of Le Rossignol,
and of the infant (Falle) ! He contrived in a gal-
lant and most praiseworthy manner to afford them
suth assistance as kept them, particularly the latter,
from being quite exhausted, till the arrival of a boat
from the shore, about a quarter of an hour after the
accident, and which belonged to Francis , Gottrel,
whose name should be mentioned with commenda-
tion. The child was faintly struggling and almost
gone. Six were happily rescued and brought
ashore. A nian, named Duheaurse, with great hu-
manity and promptitude, went in another boat and
picked up the bodies of Falle, Lettocq, and Hessey,
which were then placed on the rocks, where some
delay was occasioned by crowding and curiosity;
but through the exertions of Mr. Charles de St.
Croix, and a few others, they were carried to the
beach, and immediately became the objects of the
most zealous anti skilful medical attentions of Dr.
Day, assisted by Dr. Martin. Drs. Struve, Poing-
destre, and King, arrived shortly afterwards. All
endeavours, however, to restore animation, were
fruitless ; principally, no doubt, from the length of
time the bodies had been in the water, partly, per-
haps, from the extremely inconvenient circumstances
of the place. It was past nine o'clock before re-
storative means could be used, and the event took
place, as mentioned above, before seven ; no beds,
and scarcely a blanket, to be procured.
We should not omit mentioning, that notwith-
standing the rescue of the child, its safety is ulti-
mately to be attributed to the judicious care of Dr.
Day, as death might otherwise have ensued from the
state of exhaustion in which it was brought to land.

It i 3 now an orphan.
One of the boats of A, De St. Croix, Esq. always
ready on these occasions, afterwards picked up the
body of Falle's wife, and another boat picked up
Marett the same evening. Yesterday morning the
boat of George Moss recovered the body of John
Falle (no relation, we understand, to the former),
the last of the melancholy group. A Coroner's in-
quest was held on the bodies yesterday at two
o'clock in the afternoon. The lad Desveaux de-
posed to most of the facts already stated; also that
there was no wind—it was a perfect calm—most of
the men on board were intoxicated—the boat had
almost upset once or twice before.
Such is the account we have to give of the awful
catastrophe. It is reported, also, that Mrs. Falle
had evinced great anxiety to be of the party, arid
from a little accident which previously occurred' had
expressed much fear lest they should go without
h; r. Poor Lettocq, who was foreman in the brick-
yard of Mr. Daniel Jolin, has left seven
young chil-
dren. The spot where the calamity happened was
but a short distance from the rock fatally celebrated
for the second shipwreck of Destouches.
The Coroner's Jury returned a verdict of " Acci-
dentally Drowned."—Jersey British Press.

Lord Viscount DUNCANNON, M.P. for the
County Kilkenny, 4cornpinn4 by his family and suite,
from attending his Parliamentary duties in London, and
arrived at Duntnore, last evening, by the steam packet,
pAsed through this City to his seat, Bessborough House,
cotintv Kilkenny.— Waterford Chronicle.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

GUILDHALL.

James Livett, the owner of the boat No. 355,
appeared before Sir J. PERRING yesterday upon a
summons, upon the complaint of John Smith, Esq.,
of Bedford-row, for abusing him and misbehaving
towards him, he being then his fare, on Monday last,
at the Tower stairs.

The complainant, who is a barrister, came over
from the superior courts, opposite the justice-room,
in his professional costume. He stated that he hired
the defendant's boat at Greenwich, making a bar-
gain that he should start directly with him and his
lady for 25., instead of waiting for other passengers,
and charging only 6d. a head. A poor woman who
was standing on the beach waiting for a passage to
the Tower, overhearing the bargain, lamented that
she should be compelled to walk to town, but com-
plainant said be should not object to her coming into
the boat, and she accordingly took her place and paid
her 6d. Defendant then started, but soon neared a
vessel in the middle of the river, to take in more
passengers. Complainant protested against this in-
fraction of the bargain, but defendant persisted, and
took on boarda plumber and a quantity of lead. Com-
plainant said he should now consider the boat a coin-
mon passage-boat, and pay the defendant accordingly,
as he had broken through the contract. Upon land-
ing at the Tower, complainant gave him first his ad-
dress, and then Is. Defendant immediately began to
swear, and insinuated that he was a swindler, or had
not money enough to pay his fare, in which case he
would be satisfied if complainant would leave some
article with him as a pledge for the other shilling.
The water-jack, too, assisted in abusing complainant,
and advised that he should be given into custody.
Finding the defendant determined to oppose by
force his departing until he had paid the other shil-
ling, he complied, and took the present step to
punish him. These watermen calculated (and
rightly in nine cases out of ten) that their miscon-
duct would go unpunished, because the person ag-
grieved could not spare the time to seek the remedy.
Defendant denied that he had used ill language,
and said the complainant gave him leave to take up
any passengers he could meet with on his way. He
begged the gentleman's pardon for having offended
him.

Mr. Smith repeated that he hired the whole boat
for the whole distance. As the defendant, however,
now seemed sensible of his misconduct, he would
not press for a fine.
Sir J. PF.RRING said it was true, no doubt, that
the watermen escaped their deserts as often as Mr.
Smith had stated, and the public were indebted to
that gentleman for taking the trouble to complain ;.
but for the sake of that public he could not yield to
Mr. Smith's wish farther than to mitigate the fine
to 20s. The defendant was fined 20a. and costs.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS, JUNE 18.

Yesterday a Meeting of Magistrates of Middle-
sex was held at the Sessions-house, Clerkenwell,
which was very fully attended. FRANCIS CONST,
E-q. in the Chair.