The Sun.
London, England, 1842-01-10 00:00:00

ORN NG- SUN

vie* of entbrcinrr, not international law, but cer-
tain recent enactMentsof our law, and "of partial
(4)iigation." We hold with Mr. STEVENSON that
this is a violation of the national rights and sovc7
reignty of the United States, and we hope that
Qtt!' people will not support our Government in a
c!ourse of proceeding which is at once novel and
fatal to. the liberty of the seas.

00/4,.60 Saturday- there was another field-day in
`lle Marylebone Vestry, to decide the merits of
the Oxford-street wood pavement; and we are
glad to find that the vote of the previous week
for postponing the further consideration of the
titlestion for three years was reversed. The re-
'. solution, as 'we stated last week, was an insult
to the inhabitants of the parish, and the
17estry seem now to be of the same . opinion,
for they have changed their tone, and recorded
by their votes that the question is still open for
s.. discussion. It would be a great relief to the
,;.parish, and to many other par Lies, if this Mary-
lebonc Vestry would show something like con-
sistency, and,instead of eternal talking and
v"ting, adopt some rational line of conduct which
might meet with the approbation of the labs-
bitaots. We are anxious to judge impartially of
1, their conduct, .and regret to state, that, as far as
L' we have means of information, the question in dis
Pine is more influenced by party feelings and
selfish motives than by any regard to the inte-
rests of the parishioners. There will be an-
ether meeting, of course, on the subject, in a
short time ; and as the result is of importance to
!large community,. we will watch the proceed-
ings) and report them to the public.

We must remind our readers that by the Par,
• 41aluentary Return, No: 438, ordered by the
• . 'louse of Commons to be printed on June 22,
1841, it was established that the income was de-
kint in the years 1837, 655,760/. ; ISBB, 345,2281.;
1,512,7921.; and 1840, 1,593,970/. ; or a
total sum of 4,107,7501. The deficiency on the
Year which has just elapsed was estimated by
tar. BARING, on April 30, at 2,421,0001., and by
• t• GOULBURN, on Sept. 27, at 2,467,4321.;
.; • flak•
2ng, up to this time, an actual deficiency, ac-
.l, oruing to Mr. BARING, of 6,528,7501.; and ae-
-4: ,'°ll:ling to Mr. GOULBURN, of 6,575,1821.
L,f• 'O the Gazette last night, the excess of ex-
41euditure above the revenue, is stated by the
‘'orriniissionerS for the Reduction of the National
O'N)-liebt, at 2,354,0961., for the year ending with the
ltlth of October, 1841. We may put the whole
deficiency down, therefire, at 6,500,0001. To
-oiter'tliat deficiency no effort has been made,
notby Mr. GOULBURN'S abortive loan. There is
the least reason to suppose that the expendi-
ture of the Government has been diminished in
til,l4nrsensible degree since the accession of the
.tories-to'Office ; and hence the present amount
of the national' revenue, and whether it be in-
•.A creasing or diminishing, are questions which in-
ne* taxes or national bankruptcy, Let us
4661 E, therefore, at the revenue returns for the
Mme period of which. we have quoted the defi-
liie paper above mentioned states the receipt
of the revenue, after deducting drawbacks and
~,,tePaYments, but not deducting the charge of
1('i: collection, at, in 1837, 50,663,353/. ; 1838,
tp 41475,520/. ; 1839, 51,927,495/. ; 1840, 51,850,083/.
4i4,„ -A continuation of this account is not made up for
1841, and we have only in the accounts pub-
.. shed 'on Wednesday the net produce .of the
-revenue for that year, excluding ,the dead-
., annuity, &c.; but we beg the reader to
remark that the produce of the revenue of
.1840 was less than the produce of 1839, thoug.i
a. 'the'' increased rate of taxation operated over
'eight months of the year. 1840. The returns
Published on Wednesday enable us to compare
the net produce of the revenue in. 1841 with
that in 1840 ; and we again invite attention to

the fact, that in 1841 the increased rate of taxa-
tion operated through the whole year, while in
. 1840 it operated through only eight months of
the year. As we showed yesterday, that circum-
stance ought to have made the revenue of l 841,col-
jetted from the Customs and Excise alone, exceed
the revenue of 1840 by 538,0001. To this must be
added the increase of 10 per cent. on the Assessed
Taxes which, °taking them at 4,000,0001., would,
give for four months 133,0001., making a total
it, of 671,0001., which the revenue ought to have
.been better in 1841, had things remained even,
stationary, than the revenue of 1840. But it was
(;nIY 506,0951., showing an actual falling off in
18.1.1 to the amount of. 165,0051. That falling off
$ irres-
pective of the increase which 'ought to
have been
caused by au increase of population,
a• which, down to 1839, caused the revenue to
tlacre
-ase) and irrespective of the augmentation of
'e
the _n
revenue of 1841, by the new arrangements
1.114 -r-Acise, and by the extreme application of
collector's screw.
that to the second, it is admitted by both parties
rise there has been such an alteration in the Ex-
into' but the Whigs affirm that it was carried
TorieAtect only during the last quarter ; the
Oct affirm that it was begun before the sth of
quar abet, and showed its effects in the preceding-
he hier• In whatever quarter the effects may,
Vteed, the result on the year's revenue will
tzte,;:'s game. A fortnight's, or perhaps three'
vits,
to revenue of Excise has been added
the Le revenue of 1841, to which there will be
110 °I
responding addition in 1842.
We .
-which estimated that on Thursday at 600;000/4
the h may well be doubled, for the balance in
(441,114:1ds of collectors, from which the sum was
The nett atuounted on Jan. 5, 1840, to 1,574,004/.
A BYEtem which reduces those balances,
knuadd„,
te
of the Li sum taken from them to' the revenue:
Year, has thus swelled the revenue of 1841.
above the revenue both of the preceding and
succeeding years
The painful
but certain inference from these
factszis, that there i
• tme now s no probability of the.reve-
equalling the expenditure, without an in-
crease of taxation. It is, at the same time, certain,
from the consequences of Mr. BARING'S increase
In 1840, that an addition to the rate.. of indirect
taxation, will add nothing to the revenue. Sir
• BILT PEEL has pledged himself to put our
_n'tt
tuttices
,in order, and to accomplish that he
jnust increase direct taxation, or, perhaps, esta-
blish a property tax. He must be sensible how
• . • mischievous that will be in peace, He has more than
. tie declared against-the practice of providing for
public expenditure by loans, and lie has no
4tl
't4 ;n1 -IQr alternative, we believe, but to inflict on
w,th
Ltd e country some addition to its direct taxation.
814tH„, lie complacency with which Sir ROBERT PEEL
(‘'ls‘), 7114 his supporters talk of the necessity of keep-
-44 inn° up the revenue to meet, his and their de-
-1,41 4lids on it-as if their services, to the meanest
1 -4tif h, Treasury door-keeper, could not be dispensed
,
we• is Well calculated to make the nation
14 101 the advantages of the Government
.45 fo,again4;
Its enormous cost; and when both are
1.141 the balance, the. Tory Government,
~tgits horde of mischievous officials,- Will in-
p.l,
tatitlY. kick the beam.

ia.~~~;

_ Th,

le Paris Journals have been duly received.
but
are some people who are never happy
When they are in hot water, and our. good
neigbours the French are certainly of the
bot-water-
fhappiness seeking family. A.. state
o
- absolute repose is tothem a. state of tor-
ture. 1-lAzurr, when travelling in France,
accounted for the sobriety of the people, as.com-
. Pared with the English, by their inability to
go through the soddening, still, and dreamy
process- of gradual intoxication. His the-
ory. Was; that deep drinking marks, the
grave character of a people, and their proneness
to deep,
continuous thought. Whether this be
80 or not, our Gallic neighbours are no admirers
of that qUiescent state which constitutes the
ne plus ultra of John Bull's terrestrial hap-
Piness. While the Eastern Question remained
unsettled ; the. rebels in Candia held out;.the
Christino rebellion raged in Spain ; Druses
and Maronites were cutting, each others' throats
)1,;,...itt Syria ; and the trial of QUENISSET and
41,11 his accomplices occupied the Chamber of Peers,
the French had excitement whereon to feed to
their hearts content. But when the treaty
of the Five Powers was ratified; when the
candian insurrection was suppressed; when

liberty triumphed in Spain;' .when the Cour.
of Peers astonished Europe by its sen-
tence upon M. DUPOTY, we really felt at
a loss to imagine how France could contrive to
kill the few days which must elapse before
the commencement of the gladiatorial exhi-
bitions of placemen and placehunters in the
Legislative Chambers. We were not, however,
long kept in suspense. An affair in which
the late Mr. Simpson, Master of the Ceremonies
at Vauxhall, was better adapted to figure than
the Ambassador of a great nation iii the nine-7
teenth century, drove M. SALVANDY from
Madrid, and set the French and Spanish
Press together by the ears. Before this
had time to lose the first bloom of its
freshness, a sort of Court • warfare was got
up, between the Sovereigns of France and
Russia, in a controversy about which all the
leading Paris papers are chin-deep involved.
Like rival beauties at a ball, or rival actresses on
a stage, the Sovereigns of France and Russia
are magnanimously occupied in devising little
artifices to spite and annoy one another. Thus
at the fete of the Emperor of RUSSIA, when all
the diplomatic body assemble to congratulate
his MAJESTY, all the members of the French em-
bassy were advised' to be seized with such
severe colds that they could not exhibit
their noses •at Court ;—a proceeding which
the CZAR was careful to retaliate when
it was the turn of the Ambassadors to addresS
Louts PHILIPPE at the beginning of the new
year. This affords ample materials for discus-
Sion in'all the Journals of Thursday. That the
facts stated are strictly correct, may be ga-

thered, notwithstanding the cold disclaimer, from
the following-, article in the Journal des Debats
—the organ of King Louis PHILIPPE personally,
and the members of his family :

That M. de Pahlen, the Russian Ambassador at the
Court of France, should have been recalled to St. Pe-
tersburgh, because in his quality of Senior Member of
the Diplomatic Corps he would have had to harangue
the King of the Revolution of July on new year's day, is
very probable. That M. de Kisseleff, his substitute,
should, on the same day, have been indisposed by or-
der, is also possible, and there is-nothing in such pro-
ceedings on the part of the Emperor of Russia to create
astonishment. The Emperor Nicholas has accustomed
us to his puerile ill-will and vexatious diplomacy. The
refusal to join by official agents in the homage which
France loves to. pay to King Louis Philippe is, there-
fore, with the Emperor a very natural and crdinary
occurrence.- But what -we do not know, and what we
do not believe is, that the French Government should
have sulked by way of reprisal, and that its agent at St.
Petersburgh should have received orders to be ill on the
fete day of his Russian Majesty. We cannot compre-
hend a war of this kind between two powerful nations.

If they are unwilling. to wage a war a coups de canon,
they do not go into a battle of etiquette, and fight
with ridiculous weapons. This would be unworthy of
France, and also of Russia, which is a powerful nation,
and has not, without doubt, espoused the petty pas-
sions and empty anger of its Sovereign. We comprehend
the unpleasant feeling which the Revolution of July inay
have created in Europe. We conceive the alarm which a.
change of dynasty was calculated to inspire in the mind
of the Emperor Nicholas. In the first instance, France
neither asked fur his confidence nor his sympathy ; but
time has rolled on. Prussia, Austria, England, all have
by turns testified on every occasion the great and sym••
pathetic confidence which they place in our King and our
Government. Will the Emperor of Russia alone persist
in a puerile and personal enmity? Will he alone pro-
test, by a systematic isolation, and by official sulkiness,
against our glorious and inevitable revolution ? If,
which we do not believe, relations with the Russian Ca-
binet are no longer possible, upon the footing of a good
understanding and reciprocal courtesy, Trance has only
one course to take,viz., to discontinue all official relations.

This is strong language on the part of a Journal
so habitually temperate in the expression of
opinions respecting Foreign Governments as the
Debats. It is an open and direct attack
upon the EMPEROR, whom it personally
denounces as the enemy of the Revolution;
.and the personal foe of the KING. This is
in fact true. NICHOLAS hates LOUIS PHILIPPE
as cordially as the monks tell us the Father of
Lies hates holy, water. But let, us 'hear
what the Constitiitionnet, M. THIERS' paper,
says upon this subject :
As far, as we are concerned, although the question,is apparently a trivial one, we shall be alWays disposed
to approve of whatever may be done against the insolence
Imdill=disguiSed contempt of Russia.' We know that the
,hatred of the Muscovite Court is not directed against the
French nation—it is against its 'dynasty,- its King. But
want of respect to:the King is want of respect to France,
and what offends him oGnds us. This is especially true
as regards Foreign Powers. France will permit no
person to show insolence or disdain for the King, and
the dyilas:y which he has :elected. We. approve, there-
fore, of the just susceptibility of the Ministry, and en-
courage it to persevere in its conduct; that is to say, to
return to Thissia disrespect for digrespeet,insultibr insult.
As this. promises to be a very pretty quarrel
as it stands, we shall not interfere between the
belligerents. The following are the only inte-
resting paragraphs in these papers :

During Christmas week there was a vast in
crease in the number of deaths in the metropolis,
as compared with the previous week. During
the week ending Dec. :25, the total number of
deaths was 795, while on the following week they
amounted to 1,037, making a difference of not
less than 242 in one week. January is the most

fatal month throughout the year, on account of
the cold which carries off a great number
of persons advanced in years, or of • debilitated
constitutions ; but this cannot be attributed,,as
the cause of the large increase during the last
week, for the thermometer was never below 30.
It arose, probably, therefore, from the great in-
temperance which preruls during that season.
"the greatest increase of deaths occurred among
persons affected with diseases of the lungs, being
not fewer than 50 over those of the preceding
week. Intemperance might have been the cause
of this to a certain extent; about the others
there can be little doubt, as they were caused
chiefly by_intemperance, diseases of. the brain,

diseases of the stomach, and diseases of uneertai
seat.

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Counci

resumed their sittings on Saturday in the Coun-
cil Chamber, and continued the hearing of a
cause from the Prerogative Court of Canterbury,
relative to the will of Mr. Peter Rainier, for-

merly of the Albany, in the city of Westminster;
and involving property to a very large amount.
Sir William Follett was heard for the respon-

dent.

Several gentlemen connected with the Board
of Trade attended on Sir Robert Peel on Satur-
day at his private residence.

THE. LIVERPOOL ANTI-MONOPOLY ASSOCIA
TION held a meeting on Thursday evening, says
the Liverpool Mercury, T. Thorneley, Esq.,
M.P., the President of the Association, in the
Chair. Mr. Thorneley addressed the meeting at
considerable length, remarking, amongst other
things
The country, in the month ending the th of Dec.,
wanted a very large importation of corn for the supply
of the people, but the operation of this absurd and ini-
quitous sliding scale was to prevent the importation of
corn, because the duties were prohibitory. One conse-
quence of the working of the scale was to bring about fa-
mine prices ; it was effecting that object ; that object
was most iniquitous ; and the object the Anti-Monopoly
Association had in view was to procure the abolition
of this most iniquitous prohibition of the importation of
food.—(Cheers.) There were other articles passing
under their eyes every day in Liverpool. He would take
the article of sugar. It was a very common observation—
" The price of sugar is exceedingly dear." Now, the
price of sugar was in reality lower now than ever it was
in the world before ; but they did not choose to admit
foreign sugar because it was cheap.—(Hear, hear.) The
Legislature had the folly to prohibit all foreign sugar
from coming into this country, and then when the
supply from our colonies was so unequal to the demand
as to raise the price of the article out of the reach of
the poorer classes, then they lifted up their hands and
said, " How dear sugar is !"—(Hear.) But the Anti.;
Monopoly Association of Liverpool would investigate
the matter ; they would show them— they would, show
the people of the United Kingdom—they would show
to the world that in every bonded warehouse in
Liverpool in which there was sugar, the prOduce
of the British plantation, at an enormous price,
out of the reach of the labouring classes, there
was also lying the cheap sugar of every foreign
nation in the world, which they might have at a
cheap rate, if the Legislature would admit of it.—
(Hear, hear.) Look at the operations of the sugar re-
finers, and of their friends—the Messrs. Branokers
amongst the rest. The whole of the sugar refiners of
Liverpool had left off refining the dear sugar of the Bri-
tish possessions ; they- had all become refiners of the
cheap sugar of Brazil, Cuba, and every port of the world,
except the British possessions, because every other part
of the world supplied cheap sugar, whereas the British
possessions supplied very dear sugar. Now the foreign
sugar bought in bond in this town averaged in price some-
' thing like three-halfpence or 2d. per lb., free of duty ;
they were refined in bond ; when refined they were sold
at from laiil. to 4d. per lb.; but the people of this country
were not allowed to consume this free sugar ; it was sent
to every part of the world—to foreign countries—to
Italy, Germany, and Canada, and other British posses-
sions in America ; it went to Brazil—the West India
Islands ; and though they (the meeting) were debarred
from the consumption of free sugar, he rejPisgtd that their
brethren, the negroes in the West Indies, wee allowe,d
to consume the cheap article.—(Hear, hear.) It also
went to the Isle of Man—and he was very glad that they

had a little spot, within about eighty miles of Liverpool.
where, to a certain extent, the principles of free trade did
prevail—(Cheers.)
Several other gentlemen also addressed the
meeting, after which resolutions for promoting
the establishment of Anti-Monopoly Associa-
tions and Free Trade were unanimously agreed
to. A petition to the House of Commons in fa-
vour of Free Trade was adopted, and entrusted to
Mr. Thorneley fbr presentation. Liverpool,
therefore, though terribly Tory and priest-rid-
den, is not altogether lost to the good catts.e;:.