The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-03 00:00:00

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.

The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully
Informed that

ON MONDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURSDAYS,
(1 RAND EVENING FETES will be given, in which will be em.
bodied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favou-
rite place of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in-
troductions, which render them m•re generally attractive.

Tile MENAGERIE has been enriched by-many valuable and lin-
portant acquisitions in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
Feeding Time Five o'clock.
The Colossal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some
Instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Tableau d'actiois' repre-
senting the Procession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Nohles, to the Castle of St. Angelo.
. _

The BAND includes some of the most eminent Performers, con-
lurted by Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES
Af OSIC ALES selectedf rom the noblest works of the great Masters.
The I LLU MINATIONof ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE,
and the GIRANDOLA of ST. ANGELO, with all the gorgeous
Spectacles and magnificent introductions that have calledforth sr-
clammations of delight and admiration on each evenina or their ex-
hibition, terminating with the triumph of pyroter',lnie splendour,
the CASCADE of BRILLIANT FIRE, Slri X FEET in height.
The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The Evening
Fetes, with the Promenades Musicales, Illul-nination of St. Peter's,
Girandola of St. Angelo, &c., will be giv,cn on Mondays, Tuesdays,
wEA 1 hursdays. Admission One Shilling,

-
HIGH WATER AT LOWDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Morning '29 minutes ao.er 101 Evening 9 minutes after 11.

attain this end there is a universal struggle. The enter-
prise to which it gives, rise is boundless, the energy un-
faltering, and the skill matchless. It has spread our
commerce over the world, and opened the natural wealth
of every nation to our use. It has planted for us colo-
nies in almost every quarter of the globe. It has added
some five or six Great Britains to the soil at our com-
mand, from which we nay obtain subsistence. Never
before, perhaps, was any nation blessed by such a com-
bination of boundless skill and means of exercising it,
and never before, perhaps, was any nation more afflicted
with grievous distress. As by corruption the sweetest
things become the most offensive, so by the misdirection
of these extraordinary advantages has our country be-
come the prey of the most alarming poverty. For these
mighty evils we have to thank the Parliament; for the
vast power and skill which that Parliament has misdi-
rected, and for which we can sever be enough grateful,
we are indebted solely to Divine Providence.
There are some men, however, who exclaim against
the progress of the nation, and call on the Government
to take measures to prevent the increase of the people,
or, as they call it, " temper the progress of manufac-
tures." They regard the starvation of the multitude
with indifference, if not with complacency, and think
that an artificial famine, like war or pestilence, is of ad-
vantage in keeping down the numbers of the human race.
If death, by starvation, came like a thunderbolt ; if it
were even like the stroke of pestilence, painful but sud-
den, an all is over ; if we could say of millions of
human beings they were but they are not, starvation
might be considered a passing calamity ; but of all the
visitations by which population is kept in check, an arti-
ficial famine, such as is caused at this moment by the
law, is the worst. It is not merely that a multitude are
actually killed, and die on the highways, as in Wales, or
in cellars, as in Manchester; it is the terrible debasement
of class after class which makes the evil so sore.

The road to death is long and wearying. It is through
lingering pauperism, which kills the spirit sooner than
the body. There may be no sign of this misery to those
who ride in their carriages from the Parliament-house
to Grosvenor-square, and visit only the parks and the
mansions of other opulent persons ; but to those who
traverse our thoroughfares, and come into contact with
the lower classes, it presents itself in much loathsome,
and yet piteous beggary. Houses both in town and
country are besieged by mendicants, and the supplica-
tions for food and clothing bespeak the last extremity of
wretchedness. Immediately above those who actually
perish of hunger, there is a class who yet subsist, but
suffer all the pangs of want and degradation.
At a procession of paupers, we are told, which took
place on Sunday last at Burslem, when they sat down to
a scanty meal of dry bread—and some had a little
cheese—" tears streamed from all eyes to see the state
to which thousands of industrious, intelligent, and sober
workmen were reduced." At Aberdeen, we are
the " tradesmen do not like the work of breaking stones,
and murmur at the pittance they receive." There is
great bitterness of spirit, as well as physical suffering,
amongst those who are saved from starvation.

A class above those who receive relief, who con-
tribute to relieve others, see in the demand thus
made on them, and on their crippled trade, the ruin of
all their hopes. They are great mental sufferers. They
must deny their children education, and themselves the
comfort that age requires, and they look forward with
dismay for their offspring, as they see every avenue to
subsistence crowded with jostling competitors. There is
actual starvation at one end of the calamitous chain, and
at the other there is sickness of the heart—there is hope
blighted—there is an impossibility of providing for
families—and there is gloomy, corroding despair.
It is this succession of misery, visiting nearly all classes,
which makes the process of thinning the human race, by
an artificial famine infinitely worse than even war or
pestilence.

We de hope, however, that the worst is now passed,
that legislation has, for the present, reached its acme
of mischief, and that the ever-watchful and restoring
hand of nature is about to heal some of the wounds
which the law inflicts. She will give man food though
the law withholds it. To labour under a suspicion of
causing an artificial famine, with all its mighty train of
physical and moral evils, is enough to draw on the legis-
lator the indignation of mankind,; to be convicted of that
great offence, by the plain fact that he now keeps the
food that is in our ports from coming into use, will heap
on him universal execration. Escape it he cannot, and it
must—unless men have come to love wretchedness, and
admire the hand that inflicts it--be fatal to his power.

In the House of Commons on Monday night Mr. T.
DuNcomsE moved for a Committee to inquire into the
circumstances of the arrest of Dr. M`DouALL by the
police, and the preventing the inhabitants of Deptford
from holding a public meeting on the 26th ult. We
have already published all the particulars of this case in
The Sun, as well as the examination of Dr. M‘DouALL
before Mr. JEREMY, the Magistrate. The motion, after
an interesting debate, was refused, by a majority of 89
votes to 30—Sir ROBERT PEEL'S objection being, that
the proper place to seek a remedy was a Court of Law,
where, at a trifling expense, a precedent can be estab-
lished. The Premier did not, however, promise that he
would instruct the Law Officers of the Crown to conduct
the prosecution of Superintendent MALLALIEU, who,
upon his own authority, construed a meeting to be
illegal at which the words " the tyrant aristocracy
were trampling on the rights of the poor " were used.
Now he ought either to have done this, or granted the
inquiry, especially as neither himself nor the Attorney-
General were prepared to affirm the legality of the
policeman's conduct. Mr. O'CONNELL, Mr. SHELL, Mr.
HAWES, and Lord PALMERSTON, all contended that the
police were not justified in dispersing the meeting, nor
did they find any apologist in the House but Sir J.
GRABAra, whose recent interpretation of the law, in the
case of the Staffordshire constable, prompted the com-
mission of the Deptford outrage against the liberty of the
subject.

We confess that we look with great alarm upon these
new functions with which the Home Secretary has
clothe'd the police. If every ignorant constable is to be
constituted a judge of what language shall be used
at public meetings—if he may at his discretion confine
the speakers in dungeons, strip them of their property,
interdict communication with their friends ; and if Ma-
gistrates, without finding them guilty of any crime, can
compel them to find bail, rendering them liable to heavy
penalties, we would not give much for the peace of this
country. The national safety-valve was found in the
freedom of public discussion. Men's grievances were
lightened by telling them openly, and listening to the
remedies suggested by their neighbours. Prevented from
openly discussing their wrongs and oppressions, they
will form secret societies, and enter into illegal com-
binations. Deprived of the salutary advice of practical
public men, they will become the dupes of revolutionary
anarchists. Where this will not take place, violent
collisions with the police and loss of life may be appre-
hended. Sir JAMES GRAHAM has taught the people to
regard the police with suspicion, to see in them nothing
but spies and informers, whose most questionable acts
will be countenanced and defended at the Home-office.
They see them armed with a discretionary power to
disperse all popular assemblages for political purposes,
and to arrest and imprison all persons daring to dispute
their authority. They only are authorised first to in-
terpret and then to execute the law for the punishment
of sedition. As the case now stands it is a highly
criminal offence to walk in a contrary direction from
that pointed out by a policeman. Take, for example,
that of Dr. M'DouALL. It was proved, in evidence, and
stated last night by Sir JAMES GRAHAM, that when
Superintendent MALLALIEU dragged him down from the
pump, whence he was addressing the people, he was de-
sired to go about his business, and a passage made for
him. He had, therefore, up to that time done nothing
which the Superintendent regarded as authorising his
arrest. Dr. M‘DorrALL, however, refused to walk in the
path pointed out, alleging, most unpardonably it ap-
pears, that his home lay in a contrary direction. This,
therefore, constituted his crime ; for. it was for this he
was arrested, imprisoned all night in a felon's cell, and
held to bail by the Magistrate. Had he walked
sway as the Superintendent ordered him, nothing
that followed would have taken place. Disobe-
dience, then, to the orders of Superintendent MALLALIEU
constituted his real offence—an offence only to be expi-
ated by arrest, incarceration, and bail on the part of the
offender, and two sureties not to transgress so in future.
We trust some eminent lawyer will bring this case
before the Judges. If the conduct of the pollee be
judged legal in Westminster Hall, Parliament must come
forward, and by a suitable enactment protect the liberty
of the subject. Unless this be done, scenes will take
place in England which no good man can contemplate
without alarm and even horror.

There must be some very waggish people in what the
Exeter-hall saints call the " religious world." Such, at
least, is the impression-made upon us by the droll peti-
tions which they now and then address to both Houses of
Parliament. On these occasions they make mouth-
pie, es of their jokes of the most solemnly dull men in the
40 Houses, as if to give practical zest to the creations
..I' a sportive fancy. In the House of Commons on Monday
Sir It. INcus tried the gravity of that assembly,
by presenting a petition from some humorous Irish gen-
tleman, setting forth that he found in the estimates no
money for paying Ministers of the Gospel to preach the
word of GOD to his benighted fellow-countrymen. It
would
.13c wonderful, indeed, if he bad—more wonderful
than a grant for carrying coals to Newcastle, or supply-
ing the Thames and the Liffey with water. The Pro-

FRANCE.

~,~, .~•-
~~:;

HE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 3, 1842

testant priesthood in Ireland quietly pocket their mil-
lions without saying a word on the subject to the CHAN-
CELLOR of the EXCHEQUER. If they do not preach the
Gospel it is not for lack of being well paid for it—better
paid, in fact, than any other priesthood in the world,
that of Spain, in the palmiest days of Popery, not ex-
cepted. We know nothing of SAMUEL GORDON,
the petitioner in this case, but were a £wIFT
at the head of the Irish Church, he would cer-
tainly promote him to the first vacant prebend,
and recommend him as a candidate for a mitre.
Now that Mr. FERRAND has resigned the Punchship of
the House of Commons, might not some of the Irish
boroughs be persuaded to enliven the dullness of Parlia-
ment by returning that practical humourist, SAMUEL
GORDON, who amusingly wonders that no money is
voted to preach the Gospel in Ireland.

Advices from Madrid of the 25th ult. state that M.
ARGUELLES has resigned his situation of Guardian of
the Queen of SPAIN. The " divine " ARGUELLES is, we
fear, a very vain and rather impracticable old man. He
has been always quarrelling with the women of the Pa-
lace, upon whom his eloquence makes no impression ;
and latterly he has been at daggers-drawn with the
Lady High Chamberlain of the QUEEN. Philosophers
are the last persons in the world to whom we should
entrust the rearing of a couple of girls of the respective
ages of ten and twelve years.

There is an absence of political news of in-
terest in the Paris Journals received. The Journal des
Debate devotes nearly seven columns to remarks sug-
gested by the death and proposed funeral of the late
lamented Duke of ORLEANS. We entirely agree in all
the praises which the Debate bestows upon his memory.
As a son, a husband, a brother, and a father he had few
equals in France. All good, and many great men de-
plore his loss, not only as a domestic calamity, but as one
worthy to be deplored by Europe.
Of the actual state of parties nothing definite can be
known before the Chambers are constituted, and the
business of the session regularly entered upon. There
is some talk of a reconciliation between M. DUFAURE
and M. TRIERS, on a basis for the ejectment of M.
GUIZOT from the Cabinet. Much as we regret. we
begin to fear that M. GuizoT's retirement cannot now
be much longer retarded. No Minister could withstand
the combination formed for his overthrow.
The Journal des Villes et des Campagnes says—" Yester-
day, the 29th of July (the twelfth anniversary of a resolution
made in the 'tame of the freedom of the press), the manager
(Gerant) of the Gazette de France was condemned in default
to two years' imprisonment, and a fine of 24,000 francs. This
is a flagrant contradiction to the promises made in 1830. Let
us hope that the jury will not satisfy the triumph obtained by
the public prosecution."
The Gassendi steamer arrived on the 26th from Algiers,
which it left on the 23d. It touched at Cette on the 25th,
where it landed 450 soldiers ; it has brought despatches.
On the same day (the 26th), the Gregeors steamer arrived
from Bona, which it left on the 23d with 91 soldiers as pas-
sengers, and despatches. It left there the Lemprore Phitor,
Ramier, and Styx.
The Veloce steamer has arrived from Naples, which it left
on the 23d. This steamer brought the three eleven of the
French navy who were implicated in the affair of the duel
which took place at Naples, on the 13tk.— Commerce.

GOOD NEWS FOR ALDERMEN.—We learn from the
Hants Advertiser, that " some twenty turtles were
landed from the Tweed on Wednesday, and taken to
the Custom House to be weighed."—This news will
occasion a prodigious sensation among the Court of
Aldermen. Had twenty poets landed—or twenty
philosophers—or twenty scholars—or even twenty
patriots—the Worshipful Court would have received the
intelligence with sovereign contempt; but twenty turtles—
this indeed is quite another matter ! Mere is abundant capse
for rejoicings and mutual congratulations ! What shout-
ings and clapping of hands will there not be at Guildhall
—what crowing of lungs at the Mansion-house ! Alder-
man Humphery will sing " 0 be joyful !" and the Lord
Mayor exclaim, in full conclave, " This is the proudest
moment of my life !" Indeed, we should not wonder if,
in the ardour of his extacy, his Lordship were to have
the Mansion-house illuminated, in honour of the arrival of
the illustrious foreigners. It has been often observed that
in process of time husband and wife grow like each other;
and no one will be hardy enough to deny that, in nine
cases out of ten, the older an Alderman grows, the more
closely he assimilates to a turtle, in face, figure, and in-
tellect. We know one Alderman, at lenst, who bears so
astonishing a resemblance to this amphibious animal, that
it would be difficult to say which was which.
MORE TORY BARRACKS.—An Evening Paper, of Mon-
day, informs us that Government " has decided to
build a very extensive barracks, in addition to the one
already at Brecon, at a cost of from twenty-five thousand
to thirty thousand pounds."—This, we suppose, is one of
Sir Robert Peel's remedies for the distress now raging,
like an epidemic, in South Wales—the Tory mode
of calming what, Lord Castlereagh used to call,
the People's " ignorant impatience of taxation."
There is nothing like barrack-building to comfort
an impoverished country, more especially when it is
called on to pay the expenses of such erections. To give
the people bricks, when they demand bread, is an in-
genious device every way worthy of the "Peel of Peels,"
as, in the excess of his admiration, Sir John Hobhouse
once called our present straight. forward Premier.
Blessed, as the country now is, with Whig Unions and
Tory barracks, it must be its own fault, if it is not
happy, flourishing, grateful, and contented.

LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.—We understand that the
Bishop of Exeter will shortly publish, in two volumes
octavo, a Journal'of his recent Voyage to the Scilly Isles,
with portraits and memoirs of those Native Chiefs whom
—at the small expense to Government of ninety six
pounds—he succeeded in converting to Christianity.

NEW ZEALAND.—According to Parliamentary Paper,
Nn. 493, the probable revenue of New Zealand available
for Government purposes for one year is 38,3171.; of this
1,3,917/. comes from the sale of land, and 13,0001. from
Customs duties. In the same paper the expense of the
Government is estimated at 50,9221. It begins, there-
fore, with a governmental establishment, numerous
fiscal regulations, and an expenditure which exceeds a
large revenue. So did not the flourishing colonies of
New England take root in the wilderness, land gradually
extirpate it.

OV ERLAND MAIL.

Great Western
South Eastern and Dover...
York and NJrth Midland...

This match commenced on Monday with some brillian

The India Mail, with letters from Bombay of the
18th June, reached Marseilles at six o'clock on Sun-
day morning.

The Journals of the Opposition recommend a re-
conciliation between M. Dufaure and M. Thiers.
The former finds his party augmented, and is said to
be inclined to oppose the Ministry should an opportu-
nity offer.
Holiday—no Bourse here. Rentes and Spanish
about the same as on Saturday.

SHARES.

Viscount Palmerston gave a grand dinner on Sunday, at his
residence on Carlton House-terrace, to a numerous party of the
House of Commons.

The Duke and Duchess of Montrose arrived in Belgrave-
square, on Saturday, from Paris.
The Earl of Coventry is staying at his villa in St. John's
NVoed, in improved health.

MISCELLANEOUS.
The cage, measuring 2 feet 8 inches in length, and 2 feet
4 inches in depth, in which the unfortunate Mrs, Noble was
confined for six weeks by the Chinese, when she was *reeked
with her husband and child on their shores, has just been
brought home by the Wellesley. It is made of rough fir-staked,
and will be sent to the British Museum.

Five of a desperate gang of burglars were captured last week
at Lancaster. Their names are Henry, James, and Richard
Atkinson, John Vesey, and Robert Palmer; the last a re•
turned transport.
The Rev. Mr. Drummond, of the Chapel Royal, Brighton,
at the close of the service there on Sunday, gave the unusual
intimation to his congregation that there were two notorious
pickpockets in the chapel, and all eyes were at one turned to
two well-dressed strangers in the middle aisle, who were fol-
lowed to their cab, and surrounded by several hundred persons.
On the strangers inquiring the cause of this, they were told
they were the parties pointed out as pickpockets. One of
them, however, proved to be a clergyman of Burton-on-Hum.
ber, and the other, a fellow of St. John's. The matter has
been put into the bands of a solicitor.

INTONE Y and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, TUESDAY EVENING.

The English Funds improved slightly towards the
close of business, and the market closed firmly with
every indication of a further advance ; Consols being
91g 911 for Money, and 911 buyers for the Account ;
Bank Stock, 1694 1701 ; India Stock, 249 250 ; Exche-
quer Bills, Old, 52 54, New, 50 52 prem.
The prices of Foreign Securities were—Belgian, 1011
1021 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 514 51i ; the
Five per Cents., 1011 1014 ; Danish, 811 824 ; Brazi-
lian, 63 65 ; the quotation of Mexican was 354 354.
London and Birmingham Railway Shares were 180
182 ; Birmingham and Gloucester, 48 50 ; Great Wes-
tern, 88 90 •, the Half Shares, 631 641 ; South Western,
61i 62i ; North Midland, 59 60 ; the New Shares, 29
30 ; South Eastern and Dover, 224 234 ; Eastern Coun-
ties, 84 94 ; Northern and Eastern, 40 41 ; Blackwall,
994 ; and Brighton, 334 34 per Share.
Rather more bills were negotiated on 'Change to-day,
and the:rates exhibited a rather more favourable state
than on Friday.

The quotations for the Bonds were—Colombian,
204 211 ; Peruvian, 15k 168 ; Portuguese Five per
Cents., 3341 334 ; the Three per Cents., 19k 20; Spanish
Five per Cents., 20+ lk; the Three per Cents., 20k 24
Merchants are quite on the qui vice for the letters by
the India mail, the arrival of which at Marseilles on
Sunday was noticed in The Sun of this evening. They
may possibly be delivered to-morrow morning, but
the time usually occupied for the passage through
France renders it more probable that it may be
Thursday before they will be received. The " post
estafette" generally takes 104 hours for the journey
between Marseilles and Calais. and by which they
are usually forwarded, if the contents be only of
ordinary importance. Should the intelligence he of
great interest, or in cases of emergency, a courier
is employed who accomplishes the distance in 64 hours.
It is expected that this dispatch will be of consequence,
and likely to bring intelligence of great extent from
China, where, from the last dispatches, it is likely that
some extensive operations have taken place.
(From The Sun of Last Night.)
The late extensive purchases appear to have satisfied
operators for the present; scarcely a bargain has been made to-
day in any security, English or Foreign. The market, how-
ever, is extremely firm, and prices well sustained. Consols,
91i 91i for Money, and for the Account ; Three per Cents.
Reduced 91i 92;_ Three-and-a-Half per Cents. Reduced,
1001 101; New Three-and-a-Half per Cents., 1001 1001;
Bank Stock, 169 170 ; India Stock, 249 251 ; India Bonds,
32 34 ; Exchequer Bills, Old, 52 54 ; New, 50 52 premium.
The only transactions in Foreign Securities have been Bra-
zilian Bonds at 64 ; Dutch Two-and-a- Half per Cents., 51%
51%; and the Five per Cents., 101% 1011.
Nothing having been done in Mexican there are no official
quotations, but they remain nominally the same as yesterday.
In the Share Market, South Western have been sold at
89 ; South Eastern, 23 ; and the New Shares in the York
and North Midland line at 37i.
The conversation in the House of Commons on the subject
of the forged Exchequer Bills has been very freely commented
on to-day. The delay which has already taken place has been
much censured, and it is thought that if it be the inten-
tion of the Government to refuse relief to the holders of these
documents, it would have been morestraightforward to have done
so at once instead of keeping the report back until it was too late
to discuss it, or to bring the subject forward this session. It
is promised next week, if it be possible so to do, and a rumour
is current that the prorogation will take place on the 10th
instant ; if so, it appears likely that the matter must of neces-
sity be dropped.
It is understood that the commercial treaty between this
country and Portugal is now finally arranged, and upon terms
highly advantageous to each. The reductions about to be
made in duties are not exactly known, but they have been as-
certained to be such as will insure a much greater demand for
our manufactures. There is another class of persons, whose
claims to relief, it is to be hoped, have not been overl ,oked,
namely, the English creditors. It has been objected to
the interference of Government in such matters, that
the bargain having been made between individuals, it cannot
be recognised as a national affair ; and it has been urged
in answer that a nation, being the debtor, no sound reason can
exist why such claims should net be made the subject of am-
bassadorial negotiations. This latter view certainly appears to
be more correct. If it be not exactly within the sphere of our
representative there to insist upon payment being made, yet
the opportunity of making such large concessions to the pro-
duce of Portugal might have been used to require that some
particular branch of revenue, or a portion of Custom-house
duties should be set aside, to be divided among the unfortunate
bondholders who have now been so long without a dividend.
This has been done in other States, to the great benefit of the
parties interested.
PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE.
RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share.
65 -
50 ..... 23
50

20 -

.. 29h...... to
[ANGE, AUG. I.—We have had
not undergone much alteration.
to•day is—Manchester, Bolton,

PRICES.
.FUNDS]
India Stock 250 pm
Ditto Bonds
Ditto Old Annuities ... 90
Ditto New Annuities... 89A
Ex. Bills, 1,000/ 11. 50 pm
Ditto 500/...... pm
Ditto Small ...... 50 pm
Bank Stock for Acct....
India Stock for 0pg....
Consols for Acct.
FUNDS.

Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Ditto, New Ditto... 33i
Prussian, 5 per cent
Russian, 5 per cent
Ditto, Metallic ...... .

ISpanigh, 5 per cent 2l
Ditto, Deferred.....—
French, 5 per cent. —f. —e.
Exchange —f —c.
French, 3 per cent —f. —c.
Dutch, 2i per cent. sli
Ditto, 5 per cent. .. 104

•
41P • ,s
Yr-31 -.4, lk
.! 14wpr