The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-22 00:00:00

F-_-,-_

wrongs inflicted on Englishnien. Certain parties
not only exclaimed against the injustice of
the war, but foretold th-at the Chinese
would' never yield, that their resources .were
equal to their obstinacy, and that in a few
years we should be involved in a ruinous and
hopeless contest. Had the voice of these pro-
phets been listened to, the British name would
have become a bye-word and a reproach in the
East, our trade would have been more crippled
than ever, and, by submitting patiently to insult
and robbery, we should have provoked only fur-
ther loss and disgrace. We congratulate, there-
fore, Lord PALMERSTON and Sir ROBERT PEEL
on the true national spirit which both displayed,
and on the bright prospects this treaty opens
up not only to Englishmen, but to the Chinese
themselves. Is is for the present Government
now to do its duty, by encouraging commerce
in that quarter, and also, by employing
the spare forces in China, to settle with equal
success our relations with the nations on the
banks of the Indus. The whole of that splendid
river must be thrown open to English enterprise,
forts should be established in fit places to over-
awe the Affghans, steam-boats supplied for navi-
gating the river into the heart of the country,
and a strong barrier erected on the west
of our Indian possessions, which may defy
any enemy whatever. We also expect
another result. We shall see in a short
time waggon loads of Sycee silver, in long
trains, moving- in the direction of the Mint, which
will ultimately find its way into the Treasury,
and thereby enable the Premier to modify or
abolish altogether that cause of universal com-
plaint—the Income-tax. The sum of twenty-
one millions of dollars, or five millions sterling,
in the shape of tribute, from the proudest nation
on earth, is a rare sight for a Prime Minister,
and we hope he will make good use of the god-
send.

INSURRECTION AT
B A RCELONA.

The Monitevr Universal of Saturday publishes
the following important news, announcing an
outbreak at Barcelona :

"On the evening of the 13th, thirty workmen at-
tempted to introduce through one of the gates some
casks of wine without payment of duty. The popu-
lace took part with them, the guard was disarmed,
and a soldier was killed. Reinforcements having ar-
rived, twelve persons were arrested. The editor of
the Republican was thrown into prison. On the 14th
the workmen quitted their work, and paraded through
the city (10,000 of them belong to the National Guard).
At five o'clock in the evening the approaches to the
Town-hall were guarded by the National Guards,
who refused to allow the regular troops to replace
them. A regiment of the line was drawn up in order
of battle on the Rambla with six pieces of cannon.
All the troops were under arms. A collision was ex-
pected. An officer had a musket pointed at him by
one of the National Guards.

" On the 16th no carriages or travellers arrived at
Figueras from Barcelona. The gates were closed.
The cavalry and infantry in garrison at La Jonquiera
had left for Barcelona ; orderly soldiers were con-
stantly moving between Barcelona and Figueras with
dispatches.
" A person who left Mataro on the morning of the
16th reported that at Figueras no news had arrived
from Barcelona, where the gates were closed. At
Mataro the noise of cannonading was heard."

Our letters from Paris of Saturday afternoon
announce that the French Government was in
receipt of telegraphic dispatches from Perpignan,
where advices have been received from Barcelona
one day later than the above account.
Martial law was proclaimed on the 15th in
Barcelona, and from the firing, which was heard
at a great distance, it was presumed that a serious
conflict was going on, although no official infor-
mation had reached the Spanish Consul, at Per-
i pignan.

ZURBANO was last at Gerona, and was expected
to march to the assistance of the Captain-General,
VAN IIALEN.

From the excess of satisfaction displayed, say
our Paris advices, by the partisans of Queen
CHRISTINA, it was guessed that they were no
strangers to the Barcelona disturbances; the Re-
publicans of that town having, it is known, long
been urged to acts of violence against ESPAR-
TERO'S Regency.

The regular advices from Barcelona are only
of the 12th, and at that time, it appears, that
Don FRANCISCO'S party was very popular with
the Propagandists.
Saturday's Moniteur has also a telegraphic dis-
patclr from_Bayonnerstating that the Spanish
Cortes was opened on the 14th, and that the RE-
GENT was not present, an announcement pub-
lished in our columns of Saturday.
Since writing the above we have received the
following by extraordinary express :
" PERPIGNAN, Nov. 19.

" A letter from Barcelona, from a cavalry
officer, arrived on the 18th, by ordonnance to
La Jonquiera, says, After a sanguinary
combat we have been obliged to evacuate the
town. The inhabitants seized the artillery. We
bivouac for the first two days at the foot of the
ramparts ; the Angel-gate was the first carried
by the National Guard. Women were armed
with lances. Detachments of troops of the line
still occupy the Atarazanas Montjinet, the port.
It is rumoured that the insurrection has reached
Solsona and Lerida. "

HIGH w ATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
verning lO minutes after 4 'Evening 31 minutes after 4,

DEFEAT OP THE RODIL CABINET BY
THE PARLIAMENTARY COALITION.
The Message?• has also the following
" MADRID, NOV. 15.
" Senor OLOZAGA has been named President
of the I-louse of Congress by a majority of 82
against 41, obtained by Senor AcuNA, the former
President, who was proposed by the Ministerial
party. Senor CORTINA was nominated Vice-
President by SO votes."

THE SUN, LONDON) TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 22, 184

under great excitement, they returned to town to aug-
ment their force, which having done, they proceeded
once more to tha scene of action. The people were
now pressing oa them, and one of them unfortunately
threw a stone at the Fake, when they immediately
turned round and filed on them, when one man,
whose name we were sot able to learn, was shot dead,
and three others wounded. We give the above hur-
ried particulars as thel have been just communicated
to us.

The Irish have never been very remarkable
for alacrity in submitting to the fleecing process
of the rate and the tax gatherer. We are not much
surprised at their aversion to these functionaries.
As all power, rights, and privileges, came to be
commuted for money, tax-gatherers of various
kinds became the principal instruments fur exer-
cising the power of the ruling classes over the
Irish. The whole system of government was
tounded on oppression, which gradually took, in
the process of commutation, the aspect of sordid
extortion. The Irish have battled successfully
against Church cess and tithes; they have some-
times successfully withheld rent, and may there-
fore be considered as accustomed and privileged
to resist any new rates they may dislike. These
features in the history of Ireland, and in the
Irish character, should have been taken into con-
sideration when the Legislature passed a Poor-
law for that country, and before it listened to
the promptings of humanity, it should have con-
sidered whether, in attempting to carry them into.
execution, more mischief than good might not
ensue. If it took so much care, it appears that.
the proneness of the Irish•to resist taxation was
overlooked; and hence a law, kindly intended,
seems very likely to.associate charity with homi-
cide, and make a feasible municipal regulation
an object of general hatred.
That a law have a humane object is not suffi-
cient to recommend it to adoption. It ought to
be agreeable to a people, and to comport with
their habits and manners. The Poor-law for
Ireland sinned against the last principle. The
Irish had never been accustomed to feed the poor
by parish rates, and they hated rates,- cesses, and
taxes. It is now a question, therefore, whether
the law can be carried into execution, or whether
it must be altered, amended, or repealed, to the
discredit and disgrace of the Legislature. /
All those who make or propose laws seem to
us to suppose that the operation of a law is li-
mited to the particular. object to which it is di-
rected; when every law, in truth, affects a great
many interests beyond,its intent and meaning.
The Poor-law tbr Ireland is a case in point.
Those who made it thought only of providing for
the relief of the poor; but it is now plain that it
affects the habits, manners, and morals of the
bulk of the rate-payers. It tends to exasperate
them, to make them savage, as it were ; to make
them hate the law and those who administer it
and to produce the very evils which the Legisla-
ture wished to prevent—disorder, riot, and
bloodshed.

So, in making the Corn-laws their authors
thought only of increasing rent and increasing
agricultural produce; but those laws, though
called Corn-laws, and therefore supposed to be
limited in their effects to corn, really and truly
influence most injuriously all the mutual relations
of the different classes of our own country, and
the relations of England with all the trading
countries of the globe. They disturb amazingly
the regular diffusion and supply of the precious
metals throughout the trading world, and so af-
fect everywhere prices and property. They make
employers and capitalists the agents for collect-
ing the landlords' tax; and so they set strife, divi-
sion, and hatred, betwixt members of the com-
munity, who are as necessary to one another's
mutual success and mutual happiness, as are the
separate parts of a steam-engine to its perfect
motion. But we must have written a great
many articles in vain, and a great many
speeches at the rooms of the Anti-Corn-law
League and other places will have been made
in vain, if our readers are not well aware
of the fact that these laws, though nomi-
nally confined to corn, extend their pernicious
effects through every class of the community, and
to many other communities.
All laws, whatever may be their name, and
however limited their supposed operation, affect
the whole community, and hence when factory
girls, bakers'
apprentices, meddlers with colliers,
cork-cutters, paper-stainers, &c., &c., procure
enactments for the regulation of some special
trade, they, without dreaming, poor innocents, of
the vast extent of their meddling, make laws for
the whole empire, the full and complete effects
of which no man can calculate. All our op-
ponents recognise this very important principle
when we ask to have trade set free. " You can-
not tell (they reply) what will be the effects of
abolishing a restrictive law ? You know not how
much land you will put out of cultivation, how
much you will lower rent, how completely you
will paralyse the home trade, or to what extent
you will deprive the labourer of employment,
and
points True, we do not know
these
the misfortune is, that
e exactly,
ac societyt,, b
no such misgiving, no such modesty, ever comes
over those who propose to make new laws, as
the crowded statute-book and the present ham.
pered state of the country testify.

Better late than never. The Scottish Re-
formers are at length about to have that justice
done to their memory which should have been
done years ago—say, when the Reform Bill was
passed into law. At a meeting of the Maryle-
bone Vestry, which took place on Saturday last,
it was decided by a majority of thirty-three, that
a column in honour of those martyred patriots,
should forthwith be erected in the Regent-
circus. Thus then
however late, bietiCe and
triumphed over prejudice good feeling
have,
and bigotry arc the claims on public gratitude
of sworn opponents of the PITT system of Ter-
rorism and political espionage, are formally and
deliberately recognized by a large and influential
body of their fellow-citizens. Fifteen years ago,
• when Toryism—wholly unsuspicious of its fast
approaching fall—was exulting in the full con-
sciousness of Power; when an Lwow( kept the
Rcyal conscience, and a SIDMOVTI-i—the man
who publicly and officially thanked the Lanca-
shire yeomanry for the Peterloo job—wits Home
Secretary ; when a PEEL protested that, if lie
knew himself tiOitlyi he did hot think the day
vt'otitti ktflkie when he could possibly be
guilty of an act of justice to the Catholics, and a
majority of the House a CdtiiiiidtlA applauded
the magnanitnott§ sentiment this period of
gloom and distotli*eWnt to the ilatiSeofßeforrn,
if aMall had predicted that the time would
shortly arrive when the Radical principles of the
Scottish patriots should not Only bu lOoked oil
without a shudder, cis being atheistical and re-
volutionary, by the eeBpettabld middle Classes of
the tnetropolk, but &eh be Saiittioned iiy ail
influentialportion of them) and honoured with a
lasting testimony of their approbation by a
column in the :ft-orit-cii,Hs) to the Memory
of th°6ll them in the days of Tory
per ;_if, we say, at such a bigoted period, a
man had hazarded a prediction like this, he
would have been looked on as a decided madman,
and subjected most probably to the tender mer-
cies of a commission " Be Lunatico Inquirendo."
But Time, the true, though often tardy, friend of
merit—Time, the inflexible judge from whose
verdict there is no appeal—Time, who draws forth
the truth, though it lie deeper than ever plum.
met sounded, and raises or depresses all man
to their fitting level;—Time has ttt length stifled
the voice of faction—silenced the loud hiss of
slander, and taught us to regard andclieripsitithtihice
memory of those Reformers who, in 1794, we
should have looked on—in compliance with the
pbeonlietifeaaeltoip•sr,ebjuudticaess nciefrethaen4dracyh•—ist isio tas
and
to be held in profound, orthodox abhorrence.

the
cry for
view, nor
can have no
alerties
We call upon our readers tonworattcili
parties
move-
ments of those schemers who are getting up
doubt as 't‘olitlice)roebjCehctuirrich;:e'
in-
terested. The salvation of souls is not the ob-
ject; for if money is of any value in that respect,
or has the least efficacy in instructing and hu-
manizing the lower classes, England would be a
paradiseon earth, and every peasant a moral and
educated being. We have often asserted that the

English Church is the richest in the world; yet,
with all her wealth, one half of the unfortunate
people tried for crimes can neither write nor
read. Many of them can repeat the LORD'S
Prayer and the Catechism, if allowed a re-hcarsal,
but as to any knowledge of the great truths
of Christianity, or the blessings of a vir-
tuous life, they are as ignorant as the
beasts that perish. Whom, therefore, will this
Church Extension scheme serve? The Bishops
and their friends. And what is the character of
these Bishops? What have' they done for the
improvement of mankind, for the reform of
abuses, for the spread of the Gospel, for the cause
of humanity ? We do not attack individuals, for
some of them are excellent and able men ; but
we blame the system which yokes those who
should be the pastors, the p►otectors, and the
consolers of the people, with a set of political ad-,
venturers looking only to wealth and aggran-
disement.. What good measure has the Bench of
Bishops yet patronised? Did • they not, to the
last, resist WILBERFORCE in his humane plans for
abolishing the slave-trade? Did they not resist
the diffusion of religious knowledge till the Dis-
senters shamed them into acquiescence ?
Did they not, with other Tories, resist the
diminution of capital punishments till Romutx,
and BROUGHAM, and JEFFREY, painted the atro-
cities of our criminal code in such a light, that
the most blood-thirsty Home Secretary had no
other alternative but to yield? Did they not re-
sist the Retbrm Bill—the darling object of a
greater mass of the community than ever agreed

on any one 'measure—and at last submit-with
others only when they feared some greater evil,
but in reality some greater good ? Have they
not resisted every rational scheme for general
eduction, and convinced the world that what-
ever may be their professions, they are the stop-
gap in the moral progress of society, and are
placed on the Bench by the inscrutable de-
crees of Providence, rather to retard than to
edvance the object for which they were
appointed ? Yet they, and the party to which
they belong, are asking for more patronage and
more power, and will use them, as they have
have hitherto done, in attempting to control and
check the growing desire for- useful knowledge.
The wealth of this State Church, which is con-
stantly crying for more, is well known ; but the
enormous value of its patronage is comparatively
hid in darkness. The Archbishop of CANTER-
- BURY alone has 162 livings in his gift, which,
reckoning them at the annual value of
3501., a very moderate estimate, produce
56,0001. a-yet,r. This is independent of the pa-
tronage of stalls, prebends, precentors, and all
the other offices continued from the Catholic
Church. It is, independent of a salary of
; 20,0001. a-year, and confers no small power on
one humble individual, and also contributes
not a little to his wealth. We have never heard
that these appointments were sold for money,
but it is well-known that they are bestowed on
sons-in-law, nephews, and cousins; and can be
disposed of; too, in a variety of ways for equiva-
lents. The. total number. of Church livings in
the gift of the Episcopal Bench amounts to about
3,000, independent of the Cathedral patronage,
producing an annual revenue of more than one
million sterling. No other twenty-six men in
the country have power equal to this; and will
the State increase this enormous patronage, by
voting large sums for' more Church ?"

undertake. She was to say that M. Guizot could not
decently refuse to ratify a treaty which he had signed.
Every thing that could impede the negotiation, and
render it more difficult agd thorny, was put in move-
ment. The Opposition hoped for a different termina-
tion, and expected it. It wanted, in fact, the ratifi-
cation of the treaty, and the overthrow of the Ministry.
M. Guizot has doubly disappointed their predictions, and
this is the cause of their present ill-humour. Indeed,
it is evident there is nothing but an impeachment which,
in their opinion, can do justice upon the Minister who
has not ratified the treaty of 1841."

The Courrier Francais thus displays its ill-
humour against the Ministry, for breaking off
the treaty, and at the same time retaining their
seats in the Cabinet. It does not omit at the same
time to abuse the English, whom we believe
they would still abuse if every point of honour
and advantage were yielded to France:—
" M. Guizot has struggled with all the strength of
his talent and his influence to induce the Chambers to
adopt the treaty of December 20, 1841' he has con-
teoded that the engagement which he had contracted
was an engagement of honour for France. This was
doubtless an error ; but what is undoubtedly true is
that he was himself engaged as seriously as a Minister
could be, not only by the formal placing of his sig-
nature by the side of the four other Powers ; hut by
the deep conviction so loudly proclaimed that he was
engaged so to do. He has not, therefore, the resource
of declaring that his convictions on the subject are
changed. he withdraws his signature, he abandons
a convention which he had sought to bring about,
which he regarded as a serious engagement, a thing
at once useful and honourable. After having re-
ceived one slap in the face at the Palais Bourbon, he
i going to seek another at the Foreign-office. All
this embarrassment would have ceased, all this humi-
liation would have disappeared, all would have be-
come easy and natural, if the Minister, after the
refusal of the Chamber to ratify the treaty, had given
in his resignation, and left to other hands the care of
terminating a negotiation to which he alone was
hound. More than one of his predecessors have re-
tired from office on less serious grounds.
" The obstinacy of M. Guizot on this subject does
not compromise himself alone; it compromises the
whole Cabinet, for in an affair of this importance the
responsibility must rest on all; and it also compro-
mises to a certain extent the Government, which does
not make use of its prerogative in circumstances
where it appeared necessary; and it would compro-
mise the nation itself, if any attention were paid to the
words of the Minister in imputing to disloyalty the
refusal of a ratification which it would not give. If
the importance of this affair did not sufficiently indi-
cate the right of the French nation, we should have
been sufficiently warned of it by the disdain with
which certain portions of the English press now
affect to speak of the right of search. After having
endeavoured for the last quarter of a century to com-
bine in it all the European maritime Powers, they now
call the Quintuple Treaty a little convention. Their
badly concealed anger, however, reveals the secret de -
signs of England, and the vast consequences which
her ambition hoped to draw from the clauses of the
treaty."
The same journal slates that overtures were
made by the Cabinet of Washington to Great
Britain and France, in order to place Texas under
the protection of the Three Powers in case of an
invasion from Mexico, and adds that "M.
GUIZOT received this suggestion favourably, but
that Lord ABERDEEN gave it a decided refusal.
The interest which Great Britain professes fbr
Mexico may be explained by her desire to gain
possession of California. But we cannot conceive

We have accounts from Lisbon by the Liver-
pool steamer to the 14th instant. The tariff
question remained in the same state, but it was
understood that some additional proposals had
been made by Lord ABERDEEN for a lower duty
on woollen-cloths and salt fish, which would pro-
bably be agreed to by the Portuguese Govern-
ment. The hostility to M. DIETZ, the Court
favourite, still continued. The election of twenty
Deputies,. to supply vacancies occasioned by
double returns, was about to take place, and was
anxiously awaited. Baron TOJAL had effected,
it was reported, a small loan in England, to
guarantee the newly issued Exchequer bills.

Accounts have been received from Spain of a
serious disturbance at Barcelona on the 13th,
which has been caused by political intrigues
foreign or domestic, and probably by both.
Queen CHRISTINA. does not remain at Paris
without an object. It appears that an attempt
was made by some workmen to introduce
several casks of wine without paying duty,
a pretence evidently for exciting a tumult; the
people in great numbers joined them, and the
guard was disarmed. Next day the workmen
filled the streets, and at five in the afternoon the
National Guards occupied all the avenues to
the Town Hall, refusing to surrender their posts
to the troops of the line. On the 18th a san.
guinary battle took place, when the troops were
worsted, and forced to evacate the city. Accord-
ing to the latest accounts they were bivouacked
outside the ramparts, and waiting for reinforce.
ments.

Senor OLOZAGA had been chosen President of
the Cortes, and CORTINA Vice-President.

Nearly all the Paris journals have articles re-
specting the closing of the Anti-Slave Trade Treaty
of 1841. That treaty is now cancelled as regards
France, and the four other Powers seeing no
hopes of bringing the affair to a satisfactory con-
clusion with the French Government, have re-
solved that the treaty shall be preserved by
them to the full extent. On this subject the
lliessager has the following paragraph :--a The
Government of the KING having declared that
it believed it could neither now nor later ratify
the treaty of the 20th December, 1841, the re-
presentatives of Austria, of Great Britain, of
Prussia, and of Russia, met in conference on
Wednesday, the 9th instant, decided that the
protocol was closed, and that the treaty pre-
served, so far as these four Powers were con-
cerned, all its force and value."

why Lord ABERDEEN'S refusal to co-operate
should have prevented M. GUIZOT. The conduct
of Mexico towards us has not been either so
friendly nor so equitable as to entitle her to our
good wishes in her invasion of Texas, whilst to
abandon that Republic is to make her dependent
on the United States, which it would have been
good policy to avoid. The American Govern-
ment will certainly aid the Texians to repe
SANTA ANNA'S invasion, and the consequence will
be, that before many years Texas will form
province of the United States, instead o remain
ing an independent State, which would be more
suitable to French interests."
It is now understood that the long-pending
claims of British merchants for aggressions -by
the French at Portendic, respecting which nego-
tiations have been going on for eight years, are.
at last brought to a satisfactory conclusion. The
two Governments have, it is said, agreed to leave
all matters in dispute relating to the gum trade
of Portendic to the arbitration of the King of
PRUSSIA; and a convention to that effect is be-
lieved to have been signed by Lord COWLEY and
M. GUIZOT.
BOURSE—PARIS, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 19.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents. 119 ... 119 5... 119 ... 119 6
Four per Cents 101 40... 101 40 .. 101 40... 101 40
3 per Cents 80 20... 80 30... 80 25... 80 25
Bank of France 3292 50...3295 ...3292 50.. 3292 50
Laffitte Bank I,ooof 1050 ..1050 —.1050 ...1050
5,000 f 5070 ...5070 ...5070 ...5070
Belgian Bank BO2 50... 802 50... 802 50... 802 50
1841 1057 50...1057 50...1057 50...1057 50
Belgian Fives lO3l ... 103 i ... 103 k ... 103 j
1840 1044 ... 1044 ... 1044 ... 1044
Spanish Active 2311 ... 23i ... 23i ... 23i
Passive
Dutch 26 per Cents 536 ... 53i ... 53i ... 53i
Neapolitan lOB 65... 108 65... 108 65... 108 65
Roman, ex div. 1034 lon ... 1034 ... 1034

Though we regret the result, no blame is to be
imputed to M. GUIZOT and the French Govern-
ment. With a hostile vote of the Chamber of
Deputies, and nearly all the press against him,
he had no other alternative than to yield.
As, however, the most violent opponents to the
treaty approved of the ,course America had
adopted, we trust that France will imitate her
example, and make amends for this singular ex.
hibition, by keeping at least as many vessels on
the African coast for the suppression of the slave
trade. The following are the remarks of the
journal des .Debate on the subject :

" The protocol is entirely closed. The Govern-
ment has fulfilled the engagement which it made to
the Chambers. The treaty of 1841 has not been, and
is net to be, -ratified by France. Everything is at an
end on that point That this should be laid hold of
as a ileW Opportunity for the Opposition journals to
abuse the Ministry does not surprise us. The treaty
of 1841 is not ratified, but the Ministry is still in
pOWer, The majority in the Chamber has gained its
cause, but the Opposition have lost theirs. The proto-
col is closed but, thanks to the confidence which the
tiPriglit and idyal intentions of the French Cabinet
inspire, this act has place without hindrance.
This delicate affair terminates pac;f_esllv. Public
opinion is satisfied, though the Opposition is 2,9 t
for can it be supposed that, after having let the
question of the right of search slumber for ten years,
the Opposition would have suddenly brought it for-
ward in the simple interest of our commerce or the
independence of our flag? We can well comprehend
the ill •humour of the Opposition. For six months
their tactics have been to declare that M. Guizot was
deceiving the Chambers, and that he would ratifythe
treaty after the closing of the session, when the
Chambers should be no longer present to scare him
from doing so. We believe even that once the cry
arose that the ratification had taken place. However
accustomed the Opposition may be to receive solemn
contradictions, and however little importance they
may attach to their character for veracity, much
compromised as it is, the moment when a fresh
denial arrives is always disagreeable. At present,
therefore, where can the Opposition journals wreak
their ill-humour, if not on the Ministry? As long
as they could assert that M. Guizot would ratify, not-
withstanding his promises and engagements, it was
all very well. Now that the ratification is beyond
the range of possibility, they will maintain that M.
Guizot personallll ought to have ratified it, and that
his honour was pledged it.' If this affair has been ter-
minated pacifically, and to the satisfaction of the ma-
jority of our Chambers, it is not the fault of the
Opposition that such has been the case. It did not
depend on that body that the Powers did not believe
their honour interested in insisting on the ratification
by France. Our great patriots undertook to furnish
England with her plan for the campaign she was to ,

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