The Sun.
London, England, 1842-06-25 00:00:00

Zrbitt

THE FUNDS-(CLOSING PIUCES.)
BRITISH FUNDS.
Bale Stock
3 per Cent. Red. .. ... 91& Ditto Bonds ...... 25 pm
3 per Cent. Cons Ditto Old Annuities ...
3i per Cent. 1ted.........1001 Ditto New Annuities...
New IA per Cent — Ex. Bills, 1,000/....2d. 42 pm
New 5 per Cen' — Ditto 500/...... 42 pm
I.oog Annuities to expire Ditto Small ..... .42 pm
:Jan. 1860
0.3 t. 1859 -India Stock for 0rg....
in. le6o Consols for Org. 911
FOREIGN FUNDS.

Austrian, 5 per cent Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent — :Ditto, New Ditto
Brazilian Bonds... — 'Prussian, 5 per cent —
BuenoSAyr46 per cent. Russian, 5 per cent..., —
Chili.in, 6 per cent :34 Ditto, Metallic ...... .
Co!oinbiarL, 6 per cent — Spanish, 5 per cent...... 21i
Ditto, Itife4 25 Ditto, Deferred.... .
Danish, 3 per cent 'French, 5 per cent. —f..—e.
Greek, 1825, 5 per cent — Exchange —f —c. •
Mexican, 5 per cent..... 37 French, 3 per cent —f. —c.
Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Dutch, 21 per cent. —
Peruvian, 1825,6 per ct. Ditto, 5 per cent......—
SHARES.

Bristol and Exeter (70 paid) ......... ... .. 43
Citeltenham and Crest Western (80 paid )... 27
Eastern Counties Railway (23 paid) ... ,
Ditto New Shares ( paid)
Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) ...... ... 48
Ditto New Shares ( 3 paid
London and Brighton (50 paid)
London and Blackwall ( paid) 9i
London and South Western (411 6s 10d pd) 60i,
Manchester and Leeds (70 paid)
Midland Counties Railway (100 paid)
Ditto Quarter Shares (15 paid)
North Midland Railway (100)
Ditto New Shares ( 40 paid) ... ........
York and North Midland (50 paid) ... ...... 90
Ditto New Shares (15' paid)

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

GLOBE.-7The most impOrtant articles on which
commercial restrictions require relaxing are precisely
those on which an increase of revenue would result
from relaxation !' Can it be doubted, then, where
the endeavours to remove our present difficulties
should have begun ? Corn and sugar ! How dares
a Minister talk of his Tariff, who keeps out corn and
sugar, and only admits cattle because, as it is urged
shrewdly, they are not born yet ! Whatever diffi-
culty might have remained after these, the most essen-
tial relaxations, might have been met in a dozen
lia'erent ways, all free from the odium and dis-
credit of an Income-tax. Take even that which is
teemed so objectionable—a recourse only fit for war—
(t. loan. If it had been thought wise, in our present
depressed condition, to take advantage of the natural
preference of investment in the funds to any other,
with what perfect ease the wants of the public
ervice might have been met without all this fuss! And
if it is said that this would have been against sound
principle, we say, in the first place, that it cannot be so
ritich against sound principle as overtaxing widows, or-
pl lain, or traders, by an "unequal," "unjust," " inquisi-
tt;trial" Income-tax. Assessed Taxes, House Tax, might
14,t_! been resorted to. • But, say that a loan had been
raised ":ti the first- instance, contrary as it is to the
" principles" of-these old Tory financiers ! • Was
there any such involvement in our finance as to make
thi; a thing so terrible ? What ! when the
eharge on account of- the public debt has been
yearly-decreasing—When a portion of it is in course
extinction by the lapse of terminable antral.-
7-the British Government is virtually to pro-
claim itself to RI-trope and the world—less high in
credit—less able to meet sudden demands without dis-
proportionate sacrifices—than any mercantile firm or
standing—any banking or railway company !
This positively, and nothing else than this, is the only
rational explanation of the conduct of a Government
which. at this time, could rush on an Income-tax. As
is utterly false—grossly and gratuitously injurious
to the 'credit of Great Britain—meanly and stupidly
slanderous of her - past financial Administration—it
Inay possibly be very fit for adoption by this precious
Cover :Invent.

,rJeth-

STAND ARD.—No nobler objects could be pro-
po.-ied to himself by a statesman than those which Sir
.Robert Peel contemplated eight years ago in support-
ing the-New Poor-law ; but have these objects been,
anri degree, realised, or do they appear to be in a
progress to be realised ? Has the experiment succeeded
during eight years of trial—four of them years of
great commercial prosperity—all of them years of
peace and of unexampled exertion for the religious
instruction and temporal education of the people
Is the social and moral condition of the poor of
the land improved! Are the peasantry becom-
ing more respectable in station, more indepen-
dent in feelings, and more comfortable in cir-
cumstances If these questions must be met by
a sorrowful negative—and, alas! who will deny that
they must be so met ?—the experiment has failed, to-
tally failed; and every a priori argument for persist-
ing in it becomes an argument the other way. Let
remark again respectfully, that the opponents of
the New Poor-law do not rest the claims of the
poor • upon any basis so narrow as the Act of
-1.3 d Elizabeth. No,; . we assert on the part
of the poor a right congenital with society itself
right promulgated by the Divinity, ante-
eetientl Y, and, in force of obligation, immeasurably
above all human law. This right is distinctly as-
serted by Blackstone, and by William Pitt, and we had
thought had been recognised by every thinking man
except Messrs. :Malthus and Roebuck. The oppo-
nents of the New Poor-law need not, however, to
shrink from a contrast between the Whig measure
and the statute of Elizabeth. In the latter will
be. found nothing-- of workhouse tests—nothing
of penal conditions, such as imprisonment and
degraiiin dress ; nor does the Act of Elizabeth
mock the lame and the blind, the decrepit and.
the aged, by telling them that they are to have relief
--if they can reach it—at a union workhouse fifteen
miles off. The Act of Elizabeth does not extend an
indemnity to the seducer of female innocence. But
I\lly. r ecap:tulate the points of difference ? If the
Act of Elizabeth contains all that is in the New Poor-
law, what, in the name of common sense, is the use•
of the new law It is with extreme reluctance that we
touch this subject ; but we believe that t' e !'ate of the
empire—we are sure that the fate of the Conservative
party, depends upon all speaking their minds freely.
On A! ouday we. must return to it.

BAH, COURT.—(TITS I)AY.)
Mr. Justice WIGHTMAN.)

TEL EARL OF CHESTERFIELD V. COUNT BATHYANY.
Mr. PLAer applied to the Court to postpone this
n filch stood second on the list, on ihe followitn
grouLdt :—lt appeared by the pleas that, -.6lcanor SutOi
ha lan ainuity of 3001. a-y( ar to trustees tin
, and that she was thq teal plaintiff in th.
canse. Hq- evidence theref:::e became necessary, and
s!liwtrma was iisued to 'orimr her before the Court, and
also Mary Ann Smit,'-t;Who was anther neceisary witnes,.
This subpoena "was placed in the hands of a person
named end;' on whose affidavit the 'application wa,
fonndt,d• Trleswore that on the 17th of June, he went
toMis;,Sutor's house, 13, Bolton-street, Piccadilly, and
the servant having taken up his name, came down and
:old him that Miss Sutor was ill in bed, and that as his
business was known, she would not see him. He called
again
on the 23d of June, and was informed that Miss,
Sutor was out of town in Devonshire, and would not
return for some days. Under these circumstances he
(Mr. Platt) hoped the cause would be postponed.
Mr. THESIGER, for the plaintiff, said he did not think
there were any just grounds for the postponement o
the trial. It, was very near coming on yesterday, before
Mr. Justice Coleridge, and it was never hinted that sucl
an application was to he made. Notice ought to have
beelt given of the intention to make this application, and
then he 'would have been prepared with an answer.
With regard to Mary Ann Smith, he believed she was
now in attendance, and with regard to Miss Sutor, he
'believed she was to be seen every day on horseback, in
the parks, and therefore there weA no good grounds for
postponing the trial.
Mr. Justice WIGHTMAN—The nature of the plea is
such, that she might be a material witness, and it is sworn
that the servant said she was gone to Devonshire. You
must answer the affidavit in the course of the day.
The cause cannot be tried to-lay.

The Special Jury summoned on the case, were then
Uncharged till further notice.

BRISTOL SUGAR MARKET, JUNE 24.—There has
been no animation in our market, and the sales have
been to a limited extent only, the show having consisted
almost entirely of Barbadoes. Prices remain firm. The
unnatural flatness in most branches of trade, and the
universally disastrous state of the country, is manifestly
seriously affecting the demand for sugar, sustained at an
os.orbitant price to support a destructive monopoly, the
classes who principally consume it becoming daily more
straitened in their means of -purchasing so expensive a
commodity, Two cargoes, 600 hhds. float Trinidad,
and 300 hhrls. from Jamaica, have been received during
the week.—Bristol Mercury.
The Belfast Northern says that, after all, an
attempt will be made by tile manager to "settle up"
this .1-1.r.1y affair on the terms of the compromise, by which
M. E. Tennent will still be secured his seat. Mr.
O'Connell should look to this.
The Lady Mary Wood arrived at Southampton
last. night, from Lisbon. The mails were landed at Fal-
mouth, and will be delivered on Monday. The advices
from Lisbon are to the 20th inst. The elections for
l'ePtith's to the Cortes had commenced on the preceding
hLky, The Government candidates had been returned in
Oporto and the two Douro districts, in the Beira Alta
Tras.os-Montes, and in the Algarves. The
iTtremaoura (Lisbon district) elections were most
.vigorously contested, and it was quite impossible to pre-
dict the result, either at 'Lisbon or at Evora, although,
On the entire elect! ins, the Government, it was said,
woujii have a majority of three to one. The commercial
and slave-trade treaties remained still unsigned, the delay
being attributable to squabbles about the force of
words cef-
WTI
phrases in translating the English
•
dirt, sent from Downinpstreet into. Portuguese.
1-;Lshop ,Of evrs, has, it is said, been
nornint ted Arel bia4oP..of.- Avignon, and M. ltegnier,
Victi.-General of Aagers, is spokes of as the Bishop of
Azipuleme.

THE LATE GEN. NIEMIEWIEZ.
We have already briefly stated that a subscription was
raising for a monument to the late General Niemiewiez
in the cemetery of Montmorency, where a tomb-stone has
recently been erected, bearing the following simile but
expressive inscription :
Julianus Ursinus Niemiewiez
Eques Polonus
Patriam
Quamdiu vixit coluit.
Exul
Obiit Parisiis MACCCXLI. _ _

In these few lines, written by Niemiewiez himself, is
contained his whole life, as well as that of most of the
Polish patriots of this century. A poet, an historian, a
warrior, and a member of all the different legislative
assemblies, Niemiewiez had for more than fifty years
been involved in all the vicissitudes of his native land.
He was twice, after a lapse of thirty-six years, con-
strained by political events to fly from his country, and
has died in exile. To the Poles this remarkable man
was, in some measure, the representative of national
glory, and hence the general wish to erect a monument
to his memory. The Polish Literary Association of
Paris took the lead in this noble object, and formed a
Committee, under the Presidency of Prince Czartoryski,
for receiving subscriptions. The sum as yet received
is 9,060 francs ; and, as soon as the necessary amount
shall have been raised, it will be laid out in erect-
ing a cenotaph over the modest tomb, purchased
by the deceased with the remainder of his confis-
cated property. Another motive stimulates the Poles,
and the friends of Poland, in their desire of raising
a monument to Niemiewiez. The illustrious General
Kniaziewiez, his friend, the companion of his honourable
career, who died lately, had expressed on his death-bed
an earnest wish to be buried by his side. This has
most scrupulously been attended to, and the two friends
are now for ever united. Out of the total amount of
subscriptions which have already been received by the
Committee, 4,000 f. were transmitted from England, by
Lord Dudley Stuart, that constant friend of the Polish
cause, who in London has spontaneoasly opened a list of
subscribers, at the head of which are to be found—His
Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, Patron of the Lite-
rary Association of the Friends of Poland ' • T. W.
Beaumont, Esq., President of the Society ; the Marquis
of Bredalbane, the Earl of Scarborough, Lord Dudley
Stuart, and Lord Panmure, Vice-Presidents ; the Duke
of Hamilton, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Earl Grey,
Earl Fortescue, the Earl of Sandwich, Lord Arthur
Lennox, Viscount Sandon, Lord Holland, Lord Broug-
ham and Vaux, Sir Francis Burdett, Sir Edward Lytton
Bulwer, Sir W. Alexander, T. W. Patten, Esq., Patrick
M. Stewart, Esq., Daniel O'Connell, Esq., W. Gibson
Craig, Esq., Colonel Fox, Thomas Campbell, Esq., S.
Rogers, Esq., C. B. Sheridan, Esq., T. Moore, Esq., &c.
This subscription not having been hitherto made known
to the numerous friends of Niemiewiez in France and in
America, a country of which he had been admitted a
citizen, and which he loved next to his native land, the
list will remain open until the Ist November next, and
contributions will be received by M. Markiewiez, sub-
librarian of the Polish Literary Association in Paris,
Rue de Saussaies, No. 8, who has been appointed fur
that purpose by the Committee.—Gdignani.

FEMALES AND CHILDREN IN
MINES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN
Silte-I take the liberty of sending you the follow-
ing circular, in order that the public Press may see
the view which the Yorkshire coal masters take of
the Bill now in Parliament respecting Mines, and in-
vite your observations thereon ; at the same time I
beg to express a hope that you strongly deprecate the
hasty legislation observable in passing this Bill. To
show that the coal masters and colliers are not all the
degraded set that they have been, represented to be,
I beg to refer you to Mr. Symon's Report, pages 201,
272, and 290.—1 remain, &c. •

HENRY BRIGGS.
Overton, near Wakefield, June 18, 1842.

CIRCULAR TO MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT.
To

Wakefield, June 14, 1842.
As the organ of the Coal and Iron Masters' Asso-
2iation of the West Riding of Yorkshire, it becomes
.ny duty to transmit to you the followinc, observations
1)n the subject of the Bill now before Parliament, for
regulating and restricting the employment of females
And young persons in Mines.
Anxious as the owners of mines in this district are
:o co-operate with Parliament in remedying acknow-
ledged evils and abuses, they are, at the same time,
:alarmed at the prospect of the inevitable hardships
and distress which the Bill, in its present shape, will
occasion ; and they earnestly entreat your attentive
consideration of the following statements, which are
founded on the experience of practical men, and which
embody the opinions both of the employers and em-
ployed.
The majority of the coalowners of this district have
long lamented the practice of employing females and
very young children in mines : and while they are
fully sensible of the temporary suffering which must
necessarily be occasioned by their exclusion, yet they
have felt it to be their duty to discourage, as much as
possible, the introduction of women, and of very
young persons, of either sex, into the pits. The fol-
lowing extract, from a 'Report agreed to by the
owners of coal and iron-stone mines, assembled at
Wakefieldron the 21st of May, 1841, shows that the
good intentions of Parliament were actually in some
plegree anticipated, more than a year ago, by the;
masters themselves :—" They recommend the adop-
tion, by the whole body of the coalowners, of such
measures as are within their power; and amongst the
first, they would point to the exclusion of females and
of children under eight years of age,"—and this re-
commendation has lately been followed up by a specific
resolution.

With respect to the age at which males should be
admitted into mines, the members of this Association
have unanimously agreed to fix it at eight years ;
and they appeal to the testimony of numerous wit-
nesses in the Commissioners' Report, to prove that
colliers seldom attain the requisite proficiency in their
trade, unless they enter the pits when young. In the
thin coal-mines, it is more especially requisite that
boys, varying in age from eight to fourteen, should be
employed, as the underground roads could not be
made of sufficient height for taller persons without
incurring an outlay so great as to render the working
of such mines unprofitable.
Appendix B. of Mr. Symon's Report, shows that
out of eighty collieries inspected by him, forty-four
were worked in seams of three feet thick, and under,
And in such seams, a majority of the persons employed
must necessarily he of low stature.
By the enactment of clause 2, in Lord Ashley's
Bill, on referring to the statistical table in the Com-
missioners' Report, it will be found that 99 females
And 246 males, in every 1,345 persons employed in
his coal field, will be thrown out of employment ;
And in the thin coal mines the proportion will be
much larger ; for in one particular concern near
Wakefield, in which 431 persons • are employed un-
derground, 89 are females, varying from nine to forty
years old, and 82 are males under thirteen years of
:Ige. In this instance, therefore, (and it is only one
~ase amongst many), 171 individuals, out of 431, will
be deprived of their employment by the proposed
Bill, and left without any other apparent means of
obtaining a livelihood.
At the present moment, a majority of the coal mines
of this district are working not more than three or
four days in each week, and the population are, con-
sequently, in a state of great poverty and distress.
What, then, would he the condition of a miner's fa-
mily, if deprived, by the Legislature, of the weekly
wages produced by the industry of the boys, in addi-
tion to those earned by the females ?
The coalowners fully admit the vast importance of
moral and intellectual training, as a means of im-
proving the social condition of the population, and
they would be rejoiced to see it more general; but
they cannot conceive anything more injurious to the
rising generation than the period of youth spent in
utter idleness. The whole of a collier s family under
thirteen years old will, if turned out of the pits, be
entirely dependent on the scanty earnings of the
parent, for food, clothing, and instruction. Those
earnings alone are barely sufficient to procure even
food for their children, without mentioning wearing
apparel and education.
What, then, will be the probable condition of the
children under thirteen years of age, after the passing
of Lord Ashley's Bill, in its present form ? Pre-
vented by the Legislature from working in the mines,
and unable to pay for daily instruction, or to avail
themselves of Sunday school education, for the want
of decent clothing, and equally unable, in the present
superabundant supply of labourers, to procure em-
ployment in other branches of trade, they would grow
up in a state of physical and moral destitution, with-
out any regular occupation, without that sufficiency
of food and clothing which their own earnings for-
merly provided for them, without religious culture.
without secular knowledge, and without those habits
of steady industry so desirable in every rank, and so
essentially necessary to the well-being of the work-
ing class. The boy must in this, as in every other
case, be educated for the man ; and surely legislative
prevention of learning a trade is not desirable, either
in a moral or an economical point of view.
The sth clause of the Bill, relative to the age of
the persons in charge of the drawing apparatus at the
pit-top, appears to the members of this Association to
be too stringent, the instances of incapacity, men-
tioned in the Report, being very few. The master is
as much interested as the workman in having efficient
engineers and. other persons at the top of the shafts,
and they find from experience that engine; boys of
areefigftueaelnlyorassixcteaerenfula ges
mneen. generally as manageable, and
e horse-drivers inrall
gins are always boys, and if men were substituted for
them the expense of wages would be greatly in-
creased, without giving either additional efficiency or
safety.
Some of the best and most careful engine-men in
this district, are more than fifty years of age ; and
the coalowners think, that to discharge a skilful and
faithful servant from the work for which, from long
habit and experiene.e,- he is- pool liarlv fitted,. simply
because fore than flittYeav 41, would be "