Star.
London, England, 1808-12-30 00:00:00

. .
To determine the precedence due to the branches tines of soldiers, and their disemat in camp anti kV-
°. PhPic Ay' Pi°ll"*. • i vielad*rds Seim aalt)aonldi riStitt, the great objeCt of his study: SA-, altlion. *gh''
be ,;14fleactimble ; praspelesos tail P 4.
_betrantad: dis die tinny a good medical school,. a phySiciiii
with• jugtk.. °' to istailiailabsiee-Pasaliar-emaillenitnsr should not have to learn his clay and hiii profession
supra in either brabcb oldish *demos of ve: there; he should be, in every respect, qualified, be
Staling health, which are to be attaitied sly by the ' fore he be perni. itted to assume the irnptittant charge
seine =rani, via, intense study, experieftee, and, aof die sick of an army. Before these qualifications
patient observance of thelaws ofalatareii•s o•' : ' • can have been acquired by a physicUn; it is evident,
In the choice of physicians far the army in former that after h'. ' aving completed his edueitiOn in the
times, much discernrait'seeit to have been roan- schools, he must devote himself to a niditir'•Y life;
fested. They we* ostadttherri' viten' arsitaJerl. en. ee, before he can have beconie.perfecdy aegis**nue d wit t
but nofindiseAnimately selected froni thituahy. 't'o the peculiar habits and diseases of a soldier t. he mat
many of them the practice or Physic' is considerably have served with him in arri ' sons, in tran'sports, 411
indebted.: of theSe` the names of Pringle, dighorn, theopen air or the tented g fuld, and in, all climate).
13. m'ciOrth 'gild iliticklesby, are most conialciads.— It will be then, and only then,• that.a4 asician calla
,lii later trine. altliotighlateral men of Prothstoti al have learned the nature of the diseases, and how thell
eminence' hail been Vadistid into the serviase as ply. are affected by such vicissitudes of climate arid eir:',
sicatti;lnliy vAigfilte niiatilidiect vih4ad no other I cumstance • .
s. We are, therefore, of Optnlon thataiti•,
' ' a' .•
- • iL ai. • • '
lifible Tialiffichfidalo tytortmenathern than a licence 1 person, without the above qualifieadoas, shouldAt, to
frOM the itciilife.44", when diePenteredthe army I appointed an Army Physician,' cia who* has" octave=
to itu'iiii the diseases of the soldier, at an age Which viously serval, and acquired military experience, Si •
would, probably, exclude them from practice in civil 'an Assistant Physician (a rank which weall'is; tett'
life. • . • :.:.s :. • .., ... .
- 1 tainly proper, if physicians continutaidte employed
'Whoever is weltralia uainted with the habits and as priictitioners in the arrdy );• and he should halve"
constitutions constitutions of soldiers, must be aware that they are served a certain number of years it home and
very different from those of civil life. His duties ahraad, (net less than six) to render him eligible foe
being laborious, and his life more chequered with vi- a situation of'such rank and emolument. In this
cissitude, the frame of the soldier is more hardy, his opinioa we are strongly 'and incontrovertibly way,
fibre stronger, and his diseases more acute than those ranted by the laws 'of military service. No orticer fr
usually met with m thi• ardinary routine of civil entitled to command, until, after a regular gradation
praCtice. It requires, therefore, a great 'degree of of rank, duties mad experience, he has acquired the
experience to enable a physician, even of good know- necessary qualifiCation : no one is entitled to become
ledge of, civil practice, to .become well acquainted a Regimental Surgeon whifllis not served as an Hos-
with military diseases in. all cliraates, and. with the pital Mate or Assistant Surgeon, and become ,lade-
treatment best •adaptsd to; soldiers, in all such si- • (agate to the duties of his station. The Aimy Phy-
tuations. 'We shill gii#, tu.i.thit part of the subject, siciai alone, of all ranks of the British Arrdy, re-
an aneedOte aitiloattqii*bysictitu illustrative ceiving the pay of twenty shillings, commencinar With
b
of their general utility Is actual service. • : high rank, and bedecking himself • with a brace of
, Some years. ago, an, eipeslition sailed from this flaming epaulettes, boldly marches from the college,
difritty *on a' distant Settvite.• ' During the voyage, a and at once assumes the chief duty and direction of.
t4tedic;2l 'officer belonging to one of the regiments a Military Hospital, casting, as it were, a- loolt-of.
,'.coin- i...3iiietlie force ,-hapPeiting to die, a ;transport contempt, and conscious superiority; at the Staff and`
. XT. if consequence, left. without medical assistance. Regimental Surgeons, of equal abilities at least, and
A. lime grispital Stag' peijigg *as usual, attached to of long and various services. Should the Physician,
Fate espetition, the Cotnmander of the forces ordered . after a short time, be permitted to retire on half-pay,
est of the Physicians to repair on 'board, to succeed I not feeling a partiality for the fatigues of a military
'fbi'dettiOedlit the nieditat charge of the transport. !Wet he enjoys the half-pay of ten shillings per diem,
Pmw riiiician, not over zealously attached to lie in-' While the' Staff' and Regimental Surgeons, after a
j:DIVOIL.; ' ' of the service; urigarl to the,General, that, be- tOilioine and dangerous service of twenty years, are
Its a Physician, or sae .whis. bad -studied internal i only entitled to,the miserable pittance of six shillings
&stases only, he did not Conceive himself adequate to ' a day for life ! •
1 the discharge oQall the duties which might be requir. While we zre on the subject of General Hosph;li,
sd of him, since disorders and accidents were liable' it may be-expected that we should say something on
ID occur, which might require the aid of a Surgeon. the qualifications necessary for Staff Surgeons. This
die, therefore, begged that a Surgeon might be per. class of Officers, like the Physicians, seem not to
dilate to attend and assist him ; adding, that unless, have been exclusively selected from the Regimental
die Surgeon' was likewise versed in pharmacy, ant Surgeons, in fo-rmer times. The observations rela-
Apothecary would 'be *also'necessary. Whether noitive to Physicians, drawn from civil life, are nearly
other medical officer could at that time be spared to applicable to civil surgeons. During actual service,
accompany. the Physician, or whether the General when, as we have said above, General Hospitals will be
was not disposed, to comply with his request, we arc chiefly required, the wounds and various injuries ails-,
'not
told, but the Physician, it is said, was obliged ling in the course of active hostilities, wonld'be likely
'to assume the duties much against his inclination.— I to require the aid of Surgeofis of experience in such
The General, no doubt, had in his mind the old ad- kind of duties, which, it is to be supposed, Surgeons
Page, that half a loaf is better than no bread, and might in civil life are seldom accustomed to. It may be,.
have thought, that in a case of such necessity, a Phy- however, allowed that good civil Surgeoifs of great
eician was better than no Surgeon. practical experience- ate teneratly,-. Simi the variety
. On the whole, Physicians duly qualified, and pro- of their duties, more isisettifiimed to -the operative
ray directed, might be found useful to the service part of surgery than Riglitiental Surgeons commonly
is particular situations; nevertheless, it is by not are, and for that reason _they tat
.ight occasionally. be
means demonstrable that the young physicians, who found useful in an
. astir 'C•ampeaga,.where there are
have been employed in the army for the last fifteen Many wounaed uses,
to 71tere., there is a-siarcity of
'years, possess a better 1 knowledge of principles,' Army Surge Ons ; gut na. ethei. situations of service
-than young men of the same, age and education, who they do not appear to be at all necessary. • , •
have, moreover, studied surgery, and enter the scr- We shall finish the consideration of 104sicians,
vice as Regimental Officers. Indeed, one would and of General Hospitals, by observing, alsaitba•iold,
Sit kern to require any very extraordinary degree of in future, the evils so loudly complained& lather*
giptittsi•-or apprehension, to become a good prise in the mode. of their being conducted, it a;ill be tot
iit
titiiiltif - both branches, even in civil life, where dis- essential import that the Chief Medical Officer, ehe
, ~
gasejtAwit, infinitely. snore numerous and complicate 4 establislunent, wherever formed, be possesse.dni oa-
th= in the armyroland where, perhaps, a distinction vita', knowledge, integ'r'ity, aired espesiecc.e ift,lo.l.•,the
of 'branches le . : evert for every medical man, requisite '6o'4. The sulsordinateOffiters .slandl 4 tar
whose judgiafentl4 titibiaised, and not devoted .to possessed of ai.. milar stualifrati.,9oa•• Corral VI
_es! i";,
the will Of his 'Clifeileaty must 'allow, that so far tale, from what we have alrestdy said, do not **muss
from -there being - a wide. distinction in nature, there to be either Uitinerous, or on a large scale. IS fixed
ievery generally an intimaie.coanection between in- , stationi;and in ihnei of peace, they may, pethipi, be
Metal ant external diseases, that the mine clasi or, •astirely disie*lsvitNevilii. -in our foreign garrisons:
". .icrit Ofteif beneficiallY affecatiStlielasSes of con*. blot wherevea, they..re'
,formed, they should be always
.1.-44'ti i th4:4l,llAufsleiteikliiddll itfPlitiOitt*lle.fileced...in,an ail* k•o:nationtthe buildings. and space
~
i appraut . . rye ;!
...iteeternal maladies on the riahheaCethiniadationatonvenience of the patients.
1 " s
constitaaietivea4 of :she's's... of countemctingthetn; rae ihr, be ample..., . infectious diseases should
lal sikdoef thavibis impoislble for the human mind to be con flea.* a SepariSiie:llitiilding, if possible, or to
iitiali I. ?istitCar dittitictiortrfs'etween the complaints sepikatt Wards, if theye is no partllet.ached.
'7. '. Wif alp'.l6,,Pttiii AO pale. of the Phy- The ditties and cliiiiipline of a temtia Hospital
• 7 - .twl4la iCebahly. belong to should lie re-plated, Tsi-everf Teitet:llite it ether
, - -
--; l'' ' "..'' s••• iti oiler td iSeeffectual
sitthecatteestri., --:- :.: - • ' . military *l,-.%•-41117,-,77'.. .----.
s'li riiiitlirtailohi'icaiirsiff for sof • Army' -Thysi- Tice Hospital ali
..O._ ...ilm 4111,.... lt# lalacti°.
ward., a. , not ~
' •• Oftlie edical or °thee!
.470;,10 rendei him useful, ought to be,iadeperidently to the Menabre. , , ~,, :. . ... ,
- --Sot also to tile Officer is
ref **beyaleducatjoff, a comprpheasiverkoPwle4e,°f pointed I.sliSin... 4,',_
__,s;.s -1• • : • -;_?.__‘,.,,,, : •
~
trite principleirand.:Practics of.. physic. of anatomy, the Stal.ti9#olri.atitt t-e. ~ - . F.TIF wccalY lw''' !
' • 0ri..1 ihoi4 ibe Kit, specifying t minter
,pS !
i'iFrtittiy,:igntpontiontlictilcry, or a perfect acquam• p
~ I
_l.; .,.. to ._......±-,, -7_
_l,, • •
iiitec iiilli er iliatifii acriltriiiliii of :drugs attdhnelP; - inbe itontrgrote7r...fhe..
..: corps
.::''
_7'7 c''...,,Y:refts9ecu' , ' Y j
dais ok lair admissios, the di leike4 find
divines. The science, of. botany canal plan _ . . . •is
aiseful acquirement, an €441e.4i1e ' ph:
.4
.nusht
tsenteith the twedieinal stores of the asasrsish
4ilitilile vegetal's% Productioni..lc partlenlirir ..
'iiikis stations; whiCli' rtiiiiihty astfill§: 4listitnted
' for other drugs, in titres oT smrsitytAt or pi
of seconomyJ to the- tatter lieskooldiliffaell 'valet)
the mode of fortniisg and of condo , .11•Elitiu7 7
OW I • 0001d-have. softib t- • of ittilitory
444
ellii RAPP,' fAVAlietu4,-"v1 f 14111" rt'''
.41411, ;,i.' '1 5T1.:71 !111 11; e...:

A 4:4-7i.liit.,l# :•53e 1'1344 wm

•.-•• - . _ .
dens :t PRISONERS m FRANC':
.., ---...........
Of Al the miseries Which the pit ant war la f_
I bwrohiuchghnt:itionpons,mankiod, rise eaNinities and privations
as well at jades:WO:llh have laboured-
-I,T4rinonualo.der,onre:coinrffsethtli:?shFcalsovanrnue!icbca:ytil:ththymareafittoitint:l6redpitysittr, n'uni°rercoalusiedinellifarvtrhi.
wtihonicofh hthieveßribetiset
Made to relieve them, er to reader more comfortable
their, present situation, shews in a very forcible
nhuitier that pity,fiie the distressed is still a principal
feature in the British ,
liiithowever extensive nes,orhowever great
mlableieir4, stritethset; arereit d'er*isonertheirss,liewst .mi.o.2".C'their ccooumnfrry,
their fitinlies, and Mends. The natural questioa
arising from this is, CAI no way be deiitid to procure
their release? or, has every possible Means been tried
to obtain an eechalige ? lam apt to thief not ; for,
if try memory does not greatly deceive me, when
some overtures were Made towards an etthange of
prisoners, BONAPARTE Wend to cxchaage all who
were detained in France for an equal number ,
French prisoners from this country. To this it was
answered, that he had no right to detain those .
' ptionners who. were in the country prior to the corn-
' meacement of hostilities ; that to comply with such
. was contrary to the law of nations, would '
—ficing the national honour, and a great dial t.
iF's purpose. Whether any attempt has heeti made
' since, I ant not certain : but I will beg leave to in-
arguquiremienlts.
little
.into the real weight or force of that
Jill oar refull to comply with, Bonaparte's pro-
r iosal have the least tendency to alter his temper c
change his /node of Acting ? I believe-there is not .
individual who has paid any attention 0 his conduct
but will answer in she negative : lam apt to think
1 that lie rather laughs at our weakness, when we sup-
Site. he payt the smallest regard to C•3l- refusal.
Will the. number of FrenCh prisoners which Box.
Mire would get, in, return,. be such as to make '
exertions against this country more dangerous. I .
rsuaded the numbers would bear so small a pro-
Itorticin to his immense armies, they would only appear
'it A drop in the bucket. As for our national honour
yuffering in the smallest degree, I think there is r
-Person who has bestowed the least attention to
subject, will feel any alarm on that head. Whether
,we consider our national honour 'to consist in the
prowess of ettrarras in every quarter of the world,
in our strict adhegnee.to treaties, or in the moral &a-
racter of the pool:WI am sore it never can suffer by
stepping a little out df the beaten track to serve the
Cause of
,humanity,--when . British honour requires
.sach feeble props, I will consider it near its fall. '
relieve the distressed, to set the prisoners free, to
up the tears of many mothers ; to unite the .
husband and affectionate wife, to restore the father
his disconsolate family—These are surely objects
tat concern ; and I am fully persuaded, that
have obtained such, even on the terms offered by
MArARTZ, would have reflected the greatest honour
on the British character. If there is an individual
who would sacrifice every principle of hamanity
remain unmoved at the rending asunder all the .
feelings and attachments of the human heart, whine
no great national advannge could be obtained
such, I view him In no other light than that of ...
mad duellist, who will sacrifice the life of his friend,
' mil often render a numerous family miserable,
fence oat what he calls his &sour, or rather, an
Soniething which his violent passion conceives,
,Yhich reason, and hunianity utterly condemn. I
' 4410 v beg leave to offer a very few remarks, by
.clering this subject in an interested or national point
view.
r. Eeatring every principle of humanity out of
qaesiiont svould our giving an equal number
Frerich:soleliert and tailors, in exchange for
British subject in France, of Whatever denomina-
r tin „mid „inert ►to our national strength 0-
of-Frenchmen sent from I.
lea' win: to that.Coutury ? I am clearly
' 'on that 'advantage would be on the side
E 4
gli .I.:'copicl .prove this by many arguments,
I consider it in a naval or military point •7
'wittw : I will' only, at present, refer to the more Foe
pular opinion, a well known maxim of the English,
-iria that one Englishman is always equal to t
Aenchmen ; I have sometimes heard it estimated ,
,tlaree; who willthen say that either the national honour,
ex even the pride of Englishmen,would, in the smallest
degree, have been either hurt, or in the least .
!by an exchange. of prisoners, even on the terms
lowed by Bonaparte? I am persuaded the great'
of the nation would have been pleased with the
Inanity of our conduct, and whew the passions
prejudices of the day had passed away, the
page d history would record the transaction ast
veep. Mercy and humanity are such exalted v
the British character could never suffer any du.
'don by making some sacrifices to obtain so great
:Abject. ' •
I will now only take a review of the whole.
our not acceding to the terms on which Bonaparte
would great an exchange, will net make the smalls*.
impression on his disposition ; if the detention of so
many British subjects in France is weakening us more
in a national point of view than the same number of
Frenchmen would strengthen France—if humanity
and. every tender connection amongst friends and re-
lations are sacrificed, surely it woad redound to the
honour, as well as the interest of Britain, to leaveno
means-untried to obtain so very dellrable an object.
Itervdck, Dec. 19, 1991. BUILKITEME.
I r
[ COlll4-14AREET, MARK-tdant., DEC. SO.—There ,
tolerable supplies of Wheat this day, and sales L
effected heavily at rather less prices—Barley and Malt
', in short supply, and nearly at last currency—.-White
' Peas rather dearer—ln Grey and Beans of emit kind
little. variation—New Ticks -525. to 575. per quarter
- are likewise tolerable supplies of Oats, and
theffpf are quoted rather lower—Flenr
last prates.
Gilliam. antantitss:nrazas
ate' am. ' (wad 79e. 7ING
0, 906:**. Tick ditto, 61s. 741.
. 60a. •
, 49011' ~EL
' f IS& 114 a.• •
Wilittoots, Oats 344. SM. 425.
Polalitikto, 435. 444.
' ' Poole ditto,—s: 4*.
1 Plias (bonen) 14*. rues. laps 500d,481. to OW
dits. • '
11-gl :2 ... lisql Tim 90a. lita.--Secoosis 7So. spa.
triNiSiiiiii- *.... .4' c.- ••• ' : _ , .

4
so be a belong, tAe SFR gg. .f,PII, rA,---:,--P. --7, -,--a-.-----.., Aiwa .-.
,hyAkt,an mu of the iiatiett*.atuj whether 'Ant or tlidua : ,I*-1-There 1
Is
dunapy able to jotii Their : k.fottniOitty Iteitilif - sales titeii
pi' lit fo-'
,*o bg it, Aria
_the Piincipentlidka •;. - 1 supply at
Wonted frO iiiitomip,a'!4,, *4, elf 'fllO ' "'-vii4t Os
03g#0 P 4.99 7114 X. Ktigt ".0; 1i!? &tie '. l,* : . •') Itarttto,
versed ii apil\f/ *cm a-U. at,trij., Oz' llelt
lio.*: ... ~. ~ fie 4 Ric, SU
4.24:
. . A... , _
tat 7 It* thr 111.7ic.,: itmli4orttit cats ; anq,,ltr: ipicy . ' vs!
lirA7 life kt.a.vt-Ftl.ll:4o:l4,scariillP3?' *t);-41Aii ' * erir "RI
it &'' " ('-• ' • 2 .
Sir:#*7 ISto ri.f la i .-o• 407. Ti .X - :40.4 • ... rsai.L7rtfetaa I *.pt I
.; a• .4,1

11_
is
d.-
h
Is
le
le
al
it
.t
• . I
re
ed .
)r,
en •
of
ho
of
ras
as
m.
Lch
be
to
sae
in
Lest
Or
an
luct
kink
up.
LNA-
L, his
atn
pro-
pear
riour
; no
this
ether
the
orld,
er by
e the
pires
. To
a dry
kind
ter to
cts of
•
at to
Y Be-
anour
idual
Ly, or
finer
where
ed by
of the
in de-
L ideal
s, but
I will
consi-
oint of
of the
ber of
every ,
mina-
than
Erik
arty of
side of
meats,
oint Cf
are Fos
to two
ated at
honour,
anallest
injured
rrns of-
eat bulk
the hu-
ions and
faithful
as truly
1 virtues,
diminu.
Kreat an
hole. If
onaparte
smallest
ion of
"aus re • I
rather of 1
humanity
Is and it -
nd to the
o leavetto
a object.
surrns.
There are
sales are
r and Malt '
ash kind
sr quarter
Oats, and
rr in good
tart
*I.
•
ef
• '