The Sun.
London, England, 1845-11-10 00:00:00

ISSUE DEPARTMENT.

X. X.
Notes issued
Other securities... 2,984,900
Gold coin and bul-
lion 11,661,681
Silver bullion 1,605,434

:627,267.115) .£27,267,115
M. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier.
Dated the 6th day of November, 1845.

RANKING DEPARTMENT.

Proprietors'eapital,l4,6s3,ooo
Rest
Public deposits (in-
eluding Exche-
quer, Savings-
banks, Commis-
sinners ofNational
Debt, and divi-
dend accounts) 4,487,058
Other deposits 9,099,737
Seven dad• and other
bills

Government secu-
rities (including
Dead Weight
Annuity)
Other securities 13,429,813
Notes
Gold and silver

coin 617,927

£32,470,6531
M. MA
Dated the 6th day of Noven

X 32,470,653
RSHALL, Chief Cashier.
nber, 1845.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Lorn left Inve- ,
rary Castle on Tuesday last, the 4th instant, for Itoseneath. Vis-
count Ebrington, M.P., the Hon. Mr. Howard, and Lady Cutting-
hame, arrived at Inverary Castle on Saturday last, on a visit to
the Duke and Duchess of Argyll. Miss Burdett Contts . has
left for Taymouth Castle on a visit to the Marquis and Marchioness
of lireadalbane.
DUNSTER CASTLE.—The fate and fortunes of
Charles I. afford one of the most striking subjects for his-
torical fiction, and. Mr. Hewlett, in the entertaining work be
hits just published, under the title of" Dunster Castle," could
not have selected a period more fruitful of picturesque events,
nor one more produ;tive of eminent and interesting charac-
ters, for calling general attention to his volumes. Of thelis-
terical personages who figure in his work, we find-Charles and
his Queen, Henrietta Maria—their sons, the Prince of Wales.
and the Duke of Yoik—the Princes Rupert and Maurice-.
Hyde, Earl of Clarendon—Earl Pembroke, Chancellor at
Oxford—Laud, Archbishop of canterbury—John Pym and.
Hampden, the patriota—Colonel Sir John Wyndham—and
the Earl of Essex. • The story is an animated narrative' in
which the most dramatic features of the great rebellion have
been carefully preserved in a relation of the romantic advenl
tures of a particularly interesting hero and heroine. There
can be no doubt that " Dunster Castle" will add considerably
to the distinguished reputation the author has already ac,
cored, and will be a lasting favourite with the public. •
TSB POTATO DISEASE AT SUNDERLAND.---4 quan-
tity of potatoes, grown in the neighbourhood of Sunderland',
was brought into that town on Thursday for sale. Several
potatoes in the heap, on being picked out by a Medical gen-
tleman, were, on examination, observed to 're -covered-with
small white fungi
spots. Curiosity was excited, and, on fur
then examination, he discovered innumerable small white
worms, somewhat similar in appearance to the wire worm,
extremely active, And, measuring from a quarter to three
quarters of an inch in length, imbedded in a elpecies of spaWn,
chiefly attached to the eyes of the potatoes. On cutting up
some of the potatoes, they were found to be of a chOeolate
colour, and quite spongy. He also observed, though almost
imperceptible to the eye, several very minute red insects.,
running-about with the greatest activity. It is considered
an excellent preventative of the disease to sprinkle slacked
lime amongst the potatoes previous to their being pitted
Tyne Mercury.
' MYSTERIOUS DISAPPEARANCE OF LILT Ai)EL'A
VoErts.--Ts yuil lad ha left her home in a clandstine ma
ner,m deeply tohi theogrief ofy hers Noble father ; who, wee lament So
learn, is dangerously affected by the imprudent step taken by his
• daughter. It appears from the account furnished by a relative pf
the family, that Lady Adele was remaining with her.failler,
of Jersey, at East Lodge—the Countess of Jersey, accompanied by
Lady Clementine Villiers, and Prince and Princes,Nichulas Esth
tbe Earl,
hazy, having gone on Tuesday, the day provione to Lady :Adela's
to go, as
mysterious departure, to Arnndel Castle,' on's, vtaft
and she was
to the ,Duke and
Duchess of Norfolk. At dusk Lady Adele wets in the.drowitigrroom
Isehieth.sttialtEatroLthaendnuarsffeeerytirabutety
attootkhleaaNlTlnoefri:,hisor, Zit% e
Neu.
gentleman, but:
family received intelligence that a lady answering the description. I
11.,':nr•lhieurleut'rehb%;efu'enrdh."1(Nt'aenagrheteinr*foarmscaedre,•hthillYtasonmiandqeu'iry the Earl's
at this paint
the fair fligittve was observed to leave by one of the•railway trains
:immediately on the sail information -fall tifancedcinha'a
reach-
ing the metropoi*. the Ilpo.,cvp4in Frederick Villiers left town
~express for GretnfrOreeh: ;There, irtnut 'elm. a -conjecture as to the
ilvent,eloaproct!ction of a tall
1 pn:thabje retreat of thess'ourite-lady, and up to.a lat 4. . ll_
lug iv additional information,vatoratne4, 14)11.at,tentlant . '
odtd Aor Ladyship. Viscount Villiers arrivedia ~. • '•
tioVratof
from upton House, his scat iu Warwick/11*V dit ''
v. ~- la, 1,, ri
.DEFINITION Or A LOW-BRED WOM ,ii s: _ , 'la i(i '
',stays at home, takes care of her childrentitlut•WAlr Fp ' '‘'.
. , . ~.) it L .
with the business of her neighbours. SpOitsta... ,' 2 L.'• ''' r".
.-4meriratt paper. ..
...4,104ira.
1-.:::_ 01•11
.. 4 ,
n'''k'-, ? ''' 2t

~''_a
w

IRELAND.
THE POTATO DISTEMPER.

Pt:m.lx, Nov. s.—The indefatigable trio of Potato Com-
anissioners have presented a third report to the Lord Lieu-
tenant upon the subject a their inquiries into the state of
the crop. 'Phis document, as well as its predecessor, is some-
what prolix and not remarkable for the novelty of its sug-
gestions, many of which have been already laid before the
ipoblic, unencumbered with the multiplicity of directions
'which overload the present report, and, therefore, being less
complex, better adapted to the tastes of a people who are
now by an unexpected calamity called up .n for the first time
to follow a course of treatment foreign to their old and che-
rished customs. Indeed, so sensible are the learned pro-
fessors of this difficulty, that they wind up with the follow-
ing misgiving:—
" There will be (they say), of course, a good deal of trouble in
doing all that we have recommended, and, perhaps, you will not
succeed very well at first ; but we are confident that all true Irish.
men will exert themselves, and never let it be said that in Ireland
the inhabitants wanted cimrage to meet difficulties against which
other nations are successfully struggling."
Subjoined is the rep4t :
" TO HIS EXCELLENCY BARON HEYTESBURY, LORD
LIEUTENANT OF IRELAND, &c.
" Board-room, Royal Dublin Society, Nov. 3.
" My Lord,—We have had the honour to lay before your Ex-
cellency reports on the disease in the potato crop, which have been
distributed extensively throughout the country. Representations,
however, have been made to us, that the recommendations being in
the form of reports, are not likely to be of that use which the more
simple form of instructions might enable them to be. We have,
therefore. thought it advisable to prepare the accompanying direc-
tions, in the hope that the methods recommended may be easily
understood and promptly carried into execution.
", mall immediately lay before your Excellency our views
upon the 'course which should have been pursued with regard to
seed for a future year.
" We have the honour to be, your faithful and obedient servants,
"ROBERT KANE.
"JOHN LINDLEY.
"LYON PLAYFAIR,
" ADVICE CONCERNING THE POTATO CROP TO THE
FARMERS AND TO THE PEASANTRY OF IRELAND.
"The dreadful disease that has attacked your potatoes is one,
the effects of which you can only stop by strict attention to the ad.
vice of those interested in your welfare. Many plans have been
proposed, and after examining them all, we recommend the follow-
ing as the best.
" All competent persons are of opinion that the first things to
bear in mind are the following directions :.
" I. Dig sour' potatoes in dry weather, if you can, and if you
cannot, get them dry somehow as fast as you can.
" 2. Keep them dry aid cool.
" 3. Keep the bad potatoes separate from the good.
"4. Do not pit your potatoes, Ai you have been accustomed to
de in former years.
"5. Recollect that if they got damp nothing can make them
keep; and do not consider them dry unless the mould which
sticks to them is like dust.
" Do not take them into your houses, unless you want them for
immediate use.
" Digging and Drying.—As you dig the potatoes, lea►e them in
the sun all day; and if you can, throw them upon straw, turning
them over two or three times. At night you may 'gather them
together Snd cover them with straw, so as to keep off frost.
Next day take off the straw, spread them out, and give them the
sun again. Do this for three days sunning, if the weather
permit. If you put straw enough upon them at night, they will
not suffer.
" If the weather be unfavourable, and you have a dry loft or
outhouse large enough to hold them, you may spread them thinly
on the floor, allowing a free circulation of air, so as to dry them
there.

" They must be got dry.
" Sorting the Potatoes—As soon as they are dry you must sort
them. Pick them one by one, and put in one heap the very bad
ones, in another those which are not so bad, and in a third those
that are sonnd. Treat the bad potatoes as shall afterwards be di-
rected, and store the sound ones according to the dirctions given in
the next paragraph. You will know the very bad potatoes by
their unpleasant smell, and the second set by their skin look-
frig brown or dull, and not bright, as it generallydoes ; a very
little practice will teach you how to distinguish them easily from
each other.

" Storing.—When the potatoes are quite dry and well sorted,
proceed to store them thus :—Mark out on the ground a space
six feet wide, and as long as you please. Dig a shallow trench two
feet wide all round, and throw the mould upon the space, then
level it and cover it over with a floor of turf-sod, set on their edges.
On this sift or spread, very thinly, the dry mixtures, or any of the
dry materials described below, and which you may call packing
stuff. Also, get some dry slacked lime, and dust all the potatoes
with It as well as you can. Then put one row of turf.sods, laid
flat, on the top of the Boor, all round the sides, so as to form a
broad edge, and within this spread the dry potatoes, mixed well
with packing stuff, so as not to touch one another. When you
have covered the floor in this manner up to the top of the sods, lay
another row of soda all round the first, so that the half of each
may rest on the bed of potatoes, and the other half on the first
layer of soda ; this will make another ,edge one sod deep, which
must be filled up with dry potatoes, and dry packing stuff, as before.
Then lay another edge of sods in the same way, fill it again, and
go on till the heap is made. When the building of this pit is
finished; it may be covered with sods at the top, and will be ready '
for thatching. lf rightly made, it will look like the roof of a cot.
tage cut into steps.

" If you do net understand this, ask your landlord or your cler -
gmiLkte explain its wining, and we are sure that they will give
you every assistance ; also recollect that the recommendation ap-
plies only to sound potatoes, after being well dried.
" You will lose nothing by applying these materials in storing,
for the turf can be burnt as you use up the potatoes, and the mix-
ture of lime with dry clay or ashes, which you are afterwards
directed to employ, will form a good manure, after having saved
the potatoes. The only difference is, that you must get what you
want now, instead of waiting till another time.
" After you have completed the heap, thatch it so as to throw off
the waters into the ditch and keep out the frost.
" In districts where there may not be spare turf sufficient to
form the pits in the above way, mate them ar follows:—)lark
out the spot, and make the trench as before. Lay on the ground
a door of stones about as large as apples, and over them as much
heath, brushwood, or twigs as will just ewer the stones. On this
or form the heaps of potatoes, and packing stuff, just as de-
scribed. for the turfpit. Cover the sides of the potatoes with more
of the p4cking stuff, and thatch in the usual way.

" We must again impress upon you that to pit potatoes in your
usual way is certain destruction to them

•' Packing Stuff—This, which Is of the greatest consequence,
may be prepared in either of the following way. —some of you may
prefer the one, some the other :

"I irst Vfry.—Mtx a barrel of freshly burnt unslacked lime, with
tw•o barrels of sand or arth. as dry as you possibly can get it. Th•
lumps of lime should be broken into pieces as large at marbles, and
U.:: mixture should be left 24 hours ; at the end of that time turn
the heap well over, mixing the lime and sand (or other dry mate-
rials) till no lumps of lime can he found.
" Second Way,—Mix well equal quantities of earth and turf, or
dry sawdust ; put a few sods of lighted turf on the ground, place
the mixture on them by degrees tills large heap is made in a few
',lours the tire will have spread through the heap, which is then to
be covered with earth so as to put out the fire. In fact, this Is to
he managed just as if you were burning land. This burnt mixture
forms a very good kind of packing stuff, perhaps as good as the
mixture of lime with dry materials.

•• What to do with bad potatoes.—When potatoes are only
slightly diseased, that is, when the disease shows itself only under
the skin in small dark spots, or, at most, spreading into the sub-
stance of the potato for about a quarter of an inch deep, with a yel-
low, or light brown, or blackish colour, and without any smelt,
they may be eaten by the family without any danger. They should
be peeled and the diseased parts pared off before they are boiled ;
the parts cut off should be kept for making starch. Potatoes thus
treated are wholsome and palateable, but should be used for food
as quickly as possible, as it is not quite certain that they will
.keer, long with the greatest care
It is a pity to destroy potatoes for starch if they will other.
wise keep. •Cut not the diseased parts, if it can easily be done,
and dust over the cut parts with lime and the potato also.
Get them dry as soon as you possihly can, and if you have
nothouses or sheds you should keep the potatoes in them, also
using the packing materials. In such cases you should allow
the air to circulate freely in the sheds, and frequently examine
your potatoes, which should not be laid in layers above two or
three feet in height. If you turn them frequently during the
flr►t two or three weeks, and keep them very dry in this way,
they will probably keep. Although sheds or outhouses are to
be preferred, it you have them not and cannot construct them
nett of cheap trirterials, you should store the diseased potatoes by
themselves, just as we have recommended you to store the sound
ones.

" If, with all your care, the diseased potatoes still get worse, dry
them thor iughly iu kilns, or on hurdles placed over low turf fires,
after 1: Is In cut the potatoes in,a two or three slices. It is only
very 1,:44 potatoes that you should break up into starch.
" Hens to save thc value of very bad potatoes.— Although no:
busty knows how to make bad potatoes into good ones, or to prevent
many of them from becoming worse, yet it is possible to extract
from b-ol potatoes, or from bad parts of them, a great deal which is
good. For this purpose proceed as follows :—Provide yourselves
vviih the following thinsg,—a rasp or grate!, which may be made
out-afasheet of tit, or even of sheet iron bent round, and punched
full of holes with a nail—a common coarse linen cloth, of hair
sieve, hand sieve, •r common cloth strainer— and a pail, or tub or
two to hold water.

" To make the bad potatoes useful wash them clean, and then
rasp them into ne of the tubs of water; the firer they are rasped
the more ford you will produce from them. Haying rasped a good
many, take the cloth and place it on another tub, then put the pulp
on the cloth and pour water on it, allowing the water to run
through. You hare now two things to attend to, the pulp and the
starch.

" First attend to the pulp; squeeze out as much water as you
can from what temains in the cloth. You should wash it, how.
rver, WI no smell remains. After you have squeezed it pretty dry,
cotnrete the drying on a griddle, over a slack fire, and when it is
dry put it aside for use.

" Next look to the milky water; it will then become clear, and
the milkiness, which is starch, will have settled to the bottom
Pour off the water gently till the starch Is tolerably well drained,
then add more water, stir the whole well up, and let it settle again.
As soon as it is again clear pour off the water, and when you have
got rid of as much as you can, put the wet lumps of starch on a
shelf or other place to dry. In a few days it will be, fit to pack up.
' Good wholesome bread may be made by mixing the starch with
the dried pulp, peasmeal, beatinszal, oatmeal, or tour. You roust
bear in mind that starch is not food by itself.
" There will be, of course, a good deal of trouble In doing all
that we have recommended, and perhaps you will not succeed •ery
well at first ; but we arc confident that all title Irishmen will ellen
themselves, and never let it be said that in Ireland the inhabitants
%anted courage to meet difficulties against which other nations are
successfully struggling.

" ROBERT KANE
" JOHN LINDLEY.
" LYON PLAYFAIR.

'" Board Room, Royal Dublin Society."
THE MURDER OF MR. PATRICIE CLARKE.
The Tipperary papers contain the proceedings had at the inquest
held on Saturday on the body of the last victim to the core of Tip..
perarYi The corpse," say the reports, "presented a frightful
appearance, the skull having been smashed in, and the face covered
with blood and brains."
After hearing evidence the jury returned the following ver.
diet :—" That the said Patrick Clarke, Esq., came by his death in
-consequence of a gunshot wonial indicted upon him in the after.
noon of Friday, the 31st day of October, by some person or persons
unknown, and of which wound he died."
" Throughout Saturday, Sunday, and Monday," says the Finds.
rotor. "the police continued to make the most energetic exertions
for the discovery of the perpetrators ; but, up to the present time,
without any prospect whatever of success."
A reward of 3701., subscribed by the friends and relatives of the
deceased, has been eirered for the discovery of the murderers, and
a meeting of the magistrates of the county is convened for Monday
next, at the Court-house of Nenagh.
ANOTHER MURDER IN MAYO.
A letter from Westport, published in the Maya Constitution,
Say •
" It is my painful duty to inform you that about eight o'clock
on last (Saturday) night, as a man named Pete: Gibbons was
leaving this town (Westport) for his residence near Kilboyne, he
was waylaid opposite the Courthouse here, and received a blow of
- a loaded atiek which broke his skull. He lived about two hours
after receiving the blow. An inquest was held this day by the
coroner, when a verdict of Wilful- murder' was returned against some person unknown. The authorities here ars on thetlert, and I
it is to be hoped that the murderer ere long will be secured. There
was much rioting during the night, and never did I see mare
drunken persons in this once peaceable town. I should have
stated that the unfortunate Gibbons had vole dispute with some
pfsons at the I.lst fair of Ballyhane,and that they get him set for
it 1. MUNCIII. Iti:tl•l4l.l4Y 444 4 irity WitiJA, &iv tj

THE AFFAIRS OF THE PUNJAB U
The late movements of the Indian army in the north-
western provinces, the powerful force which is already col-
lected in Meerut and on the banks of the Sutlej, the depar-
ture of the Governor-General from Calcutta, and the conti-
nual disturbances and insurrections which agitate the king-
dom of Lahore, have directed the attention of the world to
the affairs of the Punjaub, and to the- crisis which seems to
be approaching there. The whole force of the corps within
reach of the north-western frontier is stated by the Indian
papers to consist ofeight troops of European horse artillery, three
troops of native horse artillery, six companies of European
foot artillery, five companies of native foot artillery, ten
companies of sappers and miners, two regiments of Euro-
pean cavalry, five regiments of native light cavalry, seven
regiments of European light infantry, twenty-three regiments
of native infantry, and three regiments of irregular ca-
valry, all which may be estimated to amount to a force of
32,000 infantry, 5,800 cavalry, and 140 guns. The Bengal
Hurkaru, from which we borrow this statement, complains
that the native regiments in this army are insufficiently pro-
vided with European officers, hot having above fifteen British
officers of all ranks per regiment; but, without entering into
a technical discussion on this point, we have no doubt
that this army is one of the finest if not the very
finest, ever assembled on the plains of India. The
presence of such a force clearly denotes a great politi-
cal object, and a considerable amount of respect for the
adversary we may have to encounter—that object is to re-
store the Punjaub to a state of tranquillity, and that adver-
sary is the Seikh army, which is still the best and most
formidable of the native armies of Asia, but which is
a permanent and insurmountable obstacle to the
peaceable government of the country, and even to the
security of our own frontier. If it were a mere question of
acquisition of territory; we believe that there is not a di-
rector in Leadenhall-street, or a member of Council in India,
or a statesman either here or there, who would not rather hold
back than expose the Government of India to the charges
and difficulties of a fresh conquest, and a still further ex-
tension of its dominions. But that neutrality which it has
been the disposition of the Government to observe, during
the sanguinary contests which have been going on for
some years in Lahore, actually imposes upon us all the
burdens of war. The strength of the Indian army
has ever been adapted to the amount of force required
to maintain our supremacy in the .country; but the
foreign wars of the last seven years, the occupation
of Sinde, and the necessity of maintaining a large
army of observation to keep in check so formidable
and uncertain a power on the other side of the Sutlej, have
imposed very heavy and extraordinary burdens on the mili-
tary and financial resources of India. Such a state of things
cannot be perpetual. No man will consent to maintain the
fire brigade upon his own premises because his neighbour's
house is continually in a blaze. The conflagration must be
extinguished. In the present state of Lahore, every adven
turer who wins the support of the army may extort from the
feeble Government his own terms; and he enters the capital
either to be bribed or assassinated—probably both. Such has
been apparently the last turn in the fortunes of Prince Pe-
shore Singh. That enterprising personage, aftercapturing At-
tock arid defeating the troops sent against him from Lahore, has
accepted terms offered to him by the Maharanee, mother of
the young Raja ; for a jaghire of a lakh of rupees and the
promise of a distinguished post at Court, he agreed to make
his entry and submission at Lahore. On the approach of
his rival, the Wuzeer retired with the large sums of money
he had appropriated to himself. Peshora has, therefore, pro-
bably re-entered the capital a great man ; and at no distant
period we may expect to learn that he is either the hero or
the victim of some new tragedy. It is obvious that these
incessant revolutions and convulsions are inherent in a bar-
barous state of society where no one man exercises a su-
preme and irresistible power. With them where absolute
despotism ceases anarchy begins. But if the British rule in
India has been distinguished by any virtue—if, as we believe
it to have done, it has rendered the greatest services to the
whole of the vast community it governs—those services con-
sist mainly in the substitution of a fixed authority and an en-
lightened deliberate control for the vicissitudesand excesses of
Oriental despotism. The two forms of Government are not
only hostile, but irreconcileable. They both of them aim at
power, but the one snatches at its immediate fruits by ad-
venture and crime ; the other insures its permanence by a
policy as temperate as it is certain and firm. Ere long, the
Government of Lahore will invoke that support which they
know to be the only secure protection of their lives and their
rank. They will forfeit their independence, and a collision
will take between the steadily advancing tide of civil Govern-
ment and British power, and the forces of the Seikh army.
The cavalry and artillery of that army are not, we believe,
materially inferior to our own native forces in those arms ;
and in speaking of Asiatic troops it is impossible to give
higher praise to an antagonist. But in this, as in all our
Asiatic campaigns, the presence of even a small proportion of
European troops turns the scale. In reality, the proportion of
British muscle and British spirit has on no former occA-
sion been so considerable; and although the Seikh army may
be very well prepared to fight a battle, and not to surrender
its high reputation without a struggle, neither the condition
of the Government of Lahore nor that of the troops can aft
mit of the possibility of a protracted campaign. The nett
mails will probably inform us whether any negotiations have
actually been opened, which may lead to an invasion of the.
Punjaub, and to the establishment of a settled form of go-
vernment there under a subsidiary treaty; or whether this
event will be postponed until some fresh convulsion occurs.
The departure of Sir Henry Hardinge from Calcutta, unac-
companied by any member of Council, but invested by a'
special act of the Indian Government with the full powers of
the Governor in Council during his visit to the north-western
provinces, appears to encourage the former supposition. But
the course of events in Lahore will doubtless accelerate or
defer the final determination of the Governor-General.—Times.

rIEUT. AGRoRN'S EXPRESS.—The Junraal des
Dreads has the following relative to the transit of the India mail
*a Trieste and Germany :—" The very rapid journey effected by
Mr. Waghorn for the purpose of changing the route of the Indian
mail, is in all respects of the highest importance for Franc; and
calls for the solicitude of the Government. Letters which we
have received from Trieste inform us that the Austrian Govern.
ment, which aims at securing the advantage• which it would derive
from the transit of the ?ninon mail ohs Trieste, encouraged and
powerfully seconded this first attempt on the part of Mr. Waghorn.
We repeat, then, that we attach the greatest importance to this
trial of Mr. liliaghorn, and we deem it of a nature to merit the
entire attention of the Government. The question which it gives
rise to is of a primary interest for the country, for it remains to be
seen whether France will preserve the transit •f the Indian mail,
or whether she will suffer herself to be despoiled to the profit of
Germany." The Delude insists upon the expediency of the Go.
vernment resorting to every possible means for forwarding the line
of railways from the Mediterranean to the English Channel, by
which means, it says, the transit from Alexand-ia to London, which
at present occupies 290 hours, might be performed is. 228 hours even
allowing eight days for the transit from Alexandria to Marseilles
The ficforme notices the journey accomplished by Mr. Vfaghorn,
from Alexandria to London, in nine days and seventeen hours,
thus anticipating the Indian mail through Marseilles, and adds the
following observations :—" This fact by no means astonishes us.
It is the consequence of the bad organisation of our steam-boats,
their inferior rate of sailing; to be attributed to their faulty con-
struction and the obstinacy of the Minister of Commerce and the
Board of Health at Marseilles, which will not modify the system
of quarantine. We have repeated to satiety, that if a change be
not effected in our sanitary code, France will lose the conveyariee
of the Indian mails, the travellers who return from the East, and,
shortly, the transit of merchandise. Already have travellers aban.
doned our packtt-boats. terrified by the quarantine at Marseilles,
and new the mails are about to escape us. Shall we watt until the
trade of the East shall have taken the road through Germany to
repeal or modify our sanitary laws, the antiquated remains of an-
cient prejudices ? Such a want of care in our Government cannot
be conceived, for the question refers, not to political principles, but
to national interests. Does our Government wish to sacrifice them
to Austria and to England P The consequences of the obstinacy
or the weakness of our Government are beginning already to affect
our commerce with the East. In the year 1843 it amounted to
88.000,000, this year it has decreased to 80,000,000. It is the
commencement of our commercial decadence."
ASTRONOMICAL OBsERVAIIONs.—A Parliamentary
document has just been printed, in answer to a return of Mr.
Hume, for a copy of instructions to astronomers of the several ob-
servatories at home and abroad in the year 1837.8, with the number
of volumes of astronomical observations made at each observatory
since that year. It appears that no instructions were sent by the
Board of Admiralty to the Astronomer Royal in 1837.8. One
volume of astronomical observations is printe.t in each year by the
Royal Observatory. A report is annually made in the month of
lune to the Board of Visitors by the Astronomer Royal on the
state of the observatory, and communicated to the Board of Ad-
miralty. It is added, that at the Royal Observatory at the Cape of
Good Hope no astronomical observations have been printed since
the year 1838, the astronomer and his assistants having been chiefly
employed in the measurement of an arc of the meridian. Diffe-
rent volumes of astronomical observations made at Greenwich and
elsewhere have been printed since 1837, under the superintendence
of the Stationery-office.
Tun TEN HOURS BILD.--MEETING OF DELEGATES.
—On Saturday evening last a meeting of delegates from manufac-
turing towns was held at the school-room, in Great Ancoats-
street, in this town, and subsequently by adjournment at the Wood-
man's Hut, for the purpose of devising plans to promote the pass.
ing of the Ten Hours Bill in the next session of Parliament.
There wete delegates present from Glasgow, Bradford, Manchester,
Bolton, Hyde, Bury, Oldham, Waterhead-mills, Lees, Preston,
Dukinfield, Stockport, Chorley, Cuerden, Heywood. Rochdale,
Wheelton, Newton, and some other places. Mr. John Fenton,
jun., of Bury, was in the chair. The chairman of the Lancashire
Central Short Time Committee submitted their plans for carrying
on the agitation, which were put in the form of six propositions :
"First, that a fund of 5001. be forthwith raised; second, that offices
be taken in Manchester, te which all correspondence should be ad.
dressed ; third, that a permanent secretary should be appointed to
conduct the business; fourth, that petitions be sent to Par.
liament from every mill in the kingdom; fifth, that
petitions be procured from the clergy - and medical pro-
fession in each town, and in every case, whets prac
ticable, headed by the dean, vicar, or bishop, u the case
may be ; sixth, that petitions be procured frem as many mill-
owners as possible in favour of an abridgment of the hours of fac-
tory labour, and that memorials be sent to the agricultural Mem-
bers, praying them not to prevent the manufacturing Members
from improving the condition of their own workpeople." The
committee was induced to petition agricultural Members, because
they found that in the great division In March, 1844, when the
10 hours' principle was three times carried, there were 23 Mem-
bers representing tl'e manufacturing districts who voted in favour
of 10 hours, and but 10 against it ; therefore it was the Members
representing agricultural districts, on the subsequent division
when Ministers threatened to resign, who prevented the passing
of the Bill. Two resolutions were passed :—l. " That the above
plans be adopted ;" 2. " That the necessary funds be forthwith
raised to carry them into execution, and that the committee be
authorised immediately to take offices, and to appoint a secretary
to perform the increased duties which must necessarily devolve
upon them." Thanks being:voted to the Central Short time Com
mittee, Lord Ashley,
and the chairman, the proceedinga term
n noted about 11 o'clock.—Mecherter Guardian.

ROBDEBZ Fliursday informa-
tion was circulated throughout the divisions of the Metropolitan
Police, that on Wednesday evening, about half-past six o'clock,
Mrs. Cantrill, a female, living at No. 12, Bowling-green-buildings,
King''Jane, New-road, Paddington, was proceeding to Kensing.
ton, she entered Hyde.park by Victoria-gate, Bayswater. and
walked along the road outside of Kensington-gardens to the bridge
near the Serpentine. When she had gone a short distance she per-
ceived that a man was following her, and when she arrived near
the magaaine on the north bank of the Serpentine, which is a very
lonely part of the road, the man came up to her, and pulling out a
pistol from his pocket, presented it at her, at the same thee saying,
0 I mean to do something tonight, for I have a wife and family
starving at home.' Mrs. Cantrill, although dreadfully alarmed,
told him not to use the pistol, and she would give him what she
had, which was only a few halfpence, and on her giving him what
she had with her, he decamped the way he came. She describes
the man as about five feet eight inches high,and; dark ecsapleaton.
DEATH CAUSED BY A FISH-BONE —Ott Tillirtday,
Mr. Wakley, M. P., held an inquest at the King's Arms, Srede.
rick-street, Regent's-park, on the body of Mary Ann Powell, aged
fifty. The deceased, who was a very corpulent woman, and re.
sided with her family at No. 19, Fitsroy-place, New-road, was,
on the morning of Wednesday last, sitting at breakfast, when a
bone of a fish sticking in her throat brought on a violent fit of
coughing, whieh terminated in blood Rowing copiously from her

noitrils and mouth. A surgeon was sent for, who pronounced her

to hare broken a blood.vessel, and being unable to stay the bleed.

ing, deceased sunk under it, and in half an hour died perfectly gen.
Bible, and only understood by those around her to articulate,
4' Pray or 133 e. " ica!oe, " Katutal Death frox tl busting of

e blc.~.res:~J:,,

THE FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE

BRISTOL AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY.

Smog, FRIDAY EVENING —The inquest on the body of
unfortunate man, Humphrey Willis, who was killed yesterday
morning by being run over by the mail train from Birmingham to
Gloucester, has been held this afternoon before Mr. Hughes, co-
roner, and a respectable jury.

After •iewing the body, and a short address from the coroner,
the jury proceeded at once to examine the witnesses. The body
presented a most horrible spectacle, being smashed to pieces, and
defaced from all human resemblance.

Mr. Saunders, secretary, Mr. Beale, one of the directors, and
Mr. Connell, superintendent of the goods department, attended
the inquiry.
Mr. W. Davis, shoemaker, of Stoke, was the first witness exa-
mined. He was with the deceased drinking en Wednesday night
until half.past eleven o'clock, when they left together. The de-
ceased expressed his intention of proceeding home up the line, as
he bad done before, and witness tried to dissuade him from so
doing, but without avail. The deceased said he knew what he was
about, and that by the linehe should save some distance in travel-
ling. Witness was perfectly sober, and the deceased did not appear
drunk. They had been drinking ale together, but the deceased
had had two noggins of gin.

The next witness was a man named Shellard, who had also been
with the deceased and the last witness drinking, on Wednesday
night. He corroborated the conversation spoken to by the last
witness, as having taken place between Davis and Willis. He
(witness) knew it was useless to attempt to dissuade Willis from
going up the rail, as he was an obstinate man, and would have his
own way. He had known him frequently pass up the rail when
trains were due at night, and when he was not sober. The de-
ceased appeared fresh, but not drunk, on Wednesday night.
Edward Cheshire, the engitte.driver of the mail train on Wed-
neoday night, deposed that he left Birmingham with the train at
ten minutes past one o'clock, and on approaching Stoke station he
observed a man standing on the line. He immediately shut off
the steam and put on the whistle, with the object of alarming the
party and stopping the train. They stopped In about two hundred
yards, but the deceased being only abot.t thirty yards off when wit.
ness first saw him, and not moving oat of the way, the train passed
over him. Witness sent the fireman and guard back to the spot,
where they found the deceased lying on the line. It was a dark
night, and raining at the time.
Richard Barnett, the fireman, spoke to similar facts as the
driver of the train, and described the appearance of the body when
picked up. The train was proceeding at a speed of about 28 or
30 miles an hour; not faster than usual for a mail train. The
rails were slippery from the rain, and the train not easily stopped.
Mr. Stubbs, manager at the Stoke station, stated that he had
repeatedly warned the deceased off the line.
The CORONER having summed up, the jury unanimously re-
turned a verdict of " Accidental death," inflicting a deodand of
one shilling only on the engine. At the same time the jury ex.
pressed themselves perfectly satisfied with the conduct of those who
had the charge of the engine.

It was stated in the course of the proceedings that no report
had been made to the board of Directors of the repeated tree.
passes on the line by pedestrians.
The Company intend burying the deceased at their own cost.
He has left a widow, but no children.
NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PRIZE MONET roe THE GROWLER STEAM SLOOT.—Commander
Claude M. Buckle, and the officer■ and company of the steam sloop
Growler, just paid off at Woolwich, from the coast of Africa, have
notice that accounts proceeds of slave and tonnage bounties for
the Spanish schooner Enganador, seized on the 4th of November,
1844, and of moiety of proceeds of hull and stores and tonnage
bounties for the Spanish brigantine San Antonio (a) El Cayman,
seised 11th January 1845, will be deposited in the registry of the
High Court of Admiralty, OR the 6th instant, agreeably to Act of
Parliament, by Thomas Stillwell and Sons, agents, 22, Arundel.
street, Strand.
PRIZA-MONAT roe THE PARTRIDGE.—Notice has been given to
the officers and company of her Majesty's brig Partridge, William
Morris, commander, that an account of bounties received for the
slave brig San Antonio, captured on the 6th of February,lB42, will
be forthwith deposited in the Registry of the High Court of Ad.
miralty by Balford and Company, agents.

. _
The Si. Vincent, 120, Capt. R. F. Rowley, was paid off at
Portsmouth on Thursday; Rear-Admiral Hyde Parket, C. 8., au.
perintended the payment. She was re.cominisxioned yesterday
morning by Captain Sir Richard Grant, and the lag of the Corn-
mander.in.Chief Admiral Sir Charles Ogle was transferred to her
from the Excellent, and was saluted by the St. Vincent, on its be-
ing hoisted, with 15 guns. She has her lower yard and top-mast
struck for the winter.

The Scourge bomb steam.sloop was brought under the shears at
Portsmouth, on Thursday, and received her ordnance, via., a 13.
inch mortar aft and a long 56-pounder pivot.gun forward. The
former weighs upwards of five tons, the mortar bed five tons, and
the mass of woodwork upright and cross pieces to support the bed,
another five tons. Altogether, the mortar and its supports weigh
about 15 tons. The mortar lies considerably above the deck, and
can be fired in any direction except directly a-head. The men
from the Excellent are fitting the pivot-gun gear, and taking in
stores of different sorts. The scourge will proceed under the im-
mediate superintendance of Commodore Chads of the Excellent,
and Captain Stevens of the Royal Marine Artillery, outside the
Wight, to try what effect the firing of the mortar may have on the
frame of the vessel and on the machinery of the engine.
The Sampson steam-frigate has her topmasts up, and is nearly all
*taunt in Sheerness basin.

The Eclair steam-sloop, Lieut. Commander Henry C. Marston,
still remains at Stangatt Creek. Her books are being got ready for
paying off by the clerks of the Ocean. Mr. Heath, the assistant.
surgeon of the Dwarf stesm-vessel, has returned from the Revenge,
72, to his duties on board his own ship. On. Mogen, Coffey, and
Stewart, are at Stangate Creek.

The Rattler screw steam-sloop, Commander Smith, will undergo
several alterations at Portsmouth, previous to her sailing for the
coast of Africa. Her inizim-mast is to come out and be taken
away, and her main-mast shifted six feet further aft. We should
like to know how many efficient vessels the money expended on
this miserable trough of the surveyor's designing, would add to the
Navy list.

The African steam. tug has left Sheerness for Brighton.

SACRED HA RIVIoNIC SOCIETY,

EXETER HALL.

The Sacred Harmonic Society commenced their season on Friday
evening, with Handei's Oratorio of Israel us Agyalt. The choruses
of this sublime composition—and they form the principal feature of
the oratorio—were magnificently given. We should like, how-
ever, to hear them as originally instrumented by Handel himself;
ana we mistake not if the absence of those loudly.braying brass
instruments which hove been invented since the days of Handel
would not, by affording greater scope for the development of vocal
effects, greatly increase the effectiveness of the music by increasing
its expression. We hope that the Sacred Harmonic Society will,
during the course of the season, give us some of Hander's oratorios
from the original score. Tile result of such an experiment would
be to raise the veneration with which every lover of music regards
the divine genius of Handel to a higher pitch than ever.
The solo performers were Miss Itainforth, Miss M. D. Hawes,
Miss Messent, Mr. Arthur, Mr. Letter, and Mr. H. Phillips.
it was the first public appearance of the latter since his return from
his ♦merict.n tour. He seemed in excellent health, was in excel-
lent voice, mid sang with great taste and purity. He was warmly
greeted aad was rapturously encored in the duet, " The Lord is a
man of war," in which he was well supported by Ledger. The
hail was completely tilled by a most attentive and thoroughly
musical audienCe such an audience as one only meets with at the
Sacred Harmonic Society, an audience whose earnestness is quite
delightful.

DEATH OF LORD STUART DE ROTHESAT.--ThiS
distinguished diplomatist expired on Thursday, at his seat, High-
Cliff, near Christchurch, Hampshire. His Lordship's health had
been for some time, in a declining state, and he had, in consequence,
been compelled to resign the office of ambassador to the Court of St.
Petersburgh, to which he had been appointed in October, 1841, and
which he had retained for four years. His Lordship was born on the
2,1 January, 1779, and was the eldest son of Sir Charles Stuart, lilt.
At his first outset in life, Mr. Stuart devoted himself to a diplomatic
career, the duties of which he entered on under the auspices of the
late Lord Castlereagh. Ile was for some time minister at the Hague,
and in consequence of his diplomatic services during the late war
the Prince Regent, in 1812, bestowed upon him the Civil Grand Cross
of the Bath. In 1816 Sir Charles Stuart married the third daughter of
the late Earl of Hardwicke, by whom he had two daughters, who
survive him—the Viscountess Calming and the Maraioness of Water-
ford. Having
.been ambassador at several foreign Courts, and having
for a long time represented his Sovereign at the Court of the French
King, Sir Charles Stuart was, during the short administration of
Lord Goderich, raised to the peerage by the title of Lord Stuart de
itothesay. As his Lordship has died without issue male the title
becomes extinct.
WESTMINSTER COURT OF SEwEßs.—The usual
fortnightly meeting of the Commissioners of this -Board was held on
Friday atthe Court-house, Soho-square, E. Willoughby, Esq., in the
chair. Mr. liirtSlett, the cler , read a letter from Sir James Graham,
as follows :—" Whitehall, Nov. 1, 1845.--Sir: I am directed by
Secretary Sir James Graham to call your- attention to my letter of
August 13th last, and Ao request that you will move the Com-
missions of Sewers for Westminster and part of Middlesex to
favour Sir James Graham, at their earliest convenience, with
their observations on the allegations contained in the pam-
phlet of Mr. Leslle;-1 am, Sir, Sze., lee., H. MAN.NERS SUTTON.—
I. C. Hirtslett, Esq., Clerk -to the Commissioners of Sewers of
Westminster." The Chairman said the committee appointed in
September last had been very busily engaged, and had only very re-
cently been enabled to prepare their report, which would be pre-
sented to the court at their tie -.t meeting. An answer to Sir J.
Graham was then agreed to. On a subsequent discussion, arising
out of the same question, Mr. Leslie objected to the power laid claim
to by the chairman of acting on his own responsibility. There was
no law empowering the chairman to act alone, but there was a law
requiring six commissioners to form a court for the transaction of
business. Mr. Donaldson gave a notice of motion for the next
court, which would bring the whole matter under discussion. The
court then adjourned.
THE CASE OF THE FELICIDADE.—This case, which
must be still fresh in the memories of our readers, will be argued
before the twelve Judges on Saturday, the 15th instant. We under-
stand that the briefs for the prisoners in the argument have been de-
livered to Mr. Sergeant Manning and Mr. R. P. Collier. who con-
ducted their defence on the trial, and we doubt not, from the zeal
and ability manifested by both those gentlemen on that occasion,
that the cause of the prisoners will be well cared for in their hands.

The case will excite much interest. The solicitors for the Admiralty
are concerned for the Crown, and Mr. Edmonds, of Plymouth, lot the
defence. We have not yet heard who is retained on behalf of the
Crown, but probably Mr. Godson, Q.C., who so ably conducted the
case for the prosecution, without throwing into it any feeling of
asperity or harshness.—Plymoulh Journal.

THE TRICKSTER REWARDED.—A few days ago,
as a Brighton tradesman was travelling to London by rail, he was
detected in the repetition of what he he had previously been heard to
denominate the " artful dodge" of riding as a first-class passenger
and paying only the third-class fare. The modus operandi was to
take a third-class ticket, and ride in a corresponding carriage as far
as the Hassocks, and then, on the stoppage of the train, to transfer
himself to a first-class vehicle, having ridden in which to New
Cross, he would again alight, and testune his old quarters. On
the occasion alluded to, however, the biter was bitten ; for on at-
tempting to execute the last part of this scheme, one of the guards,
who had observed the first past of the manoeuvre, and consequently
been on the Lookout, touched him on the shoulder, and delicately
hinted that the gentleman had forgotten his carriage. To the great
amusement of the third-class passengers, the '• artful dodger" was
bowed in• o the quarters which he had just vacated in the drat-class
carriage; and, on arriving at the terminus, was obliged to pay the
difference between the first and the third-class ticket, thus proving
himself to be penny wise but pound foolish.

s, •
FIRE NEAR NOTTINGHAM.--011 Thursday last a
tremendous fire took place upon a farm, the property of the Duke of
St. Albans, in the occupation of Mr. lleardsall, at Bestwood-park, six
miles from Nottin.: ham, which ha.-3 levelled fourteen litacks of corn
and straw with the ground. At ten o'clock in the forenoon;Mrs.
Beardsall happened to go into the etackeVaed. when she saw a villume
of stroke issuing from the middle cf a straw-stack, whiels had been
thrailied on the preceding day, and she instantly gave au alarm. Be-
-11)re any help could be afforded, the flames had burst lOrth and caught
the adj,ining stacks, and in a very short time fourteen stacks were
all in flames together. Ext,ressee were sent off to Nottingham and
Arnold for engines, an I very speedily two were on the spot, but the
want of water rendered them of little use, and the whole property
fell a prey to the devouring element. There were four burley stacks,
a very largo wheat stack, two i,at stacks, one pea stack, and the re-
mainder 'straw stacks. The cause of this disastrous tire cannot be
discovered. The property was insured in the Sun fire-office to the
amount of .5001., but this sum will not cover thu damage.

-...—..._
HARMONIC BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.—The first
meeting of this praiseworthy Association took place on Thursday
evening, :t;r. Charles Sloman in the chair. The meeting was called
for the purpose of revising the laws pursuant to the Act of Enrollment.
It appeared from the statement of 31r. Willey, the secretary, that
during the last three years the Society had expended 3701. amoug
distressed members of the singing profession, and that they were fa-
vourably progressing, having now 1701. in the funds. The Society
is founded ti,:on the same principles as that of the Theatrical Gilt
Fund Society.
THE TAY FERRIES.—At a meetir g of the Commis-
sioners of Supply of the county of Fife, on Tuesday last, Hr. G.
Makgill gave in a report on the Tay ferries. He said the Commis-
sioners would all be aware that the Edinburga and Northern Itailw4
Company had failed to obtain a lease of these ferries, and that they
had fallen into the hands of the Scottish Central Company. The
itihlinioeatnio;spthulifflirn7icooiT.etrl,y
Ferries Committee, on hearing this, immediately ordered a communi-
cation to that company, asking if they acceded to the same terms of
hvissifrareetobreyenorracisoendc—luassivteo.
lease as the county had originally proposed, but their answer was
ery
original one
eomneosetoeunildinesnu
tpecrosunedseeitihnetpdoinwbeursrgohf
had
dhe
btrernt:akanend
whaler 2vt r anyimportant other partyque7-
on the bll,t it 'WU Oct readY to be brought forward.—Perthshire
av,„ll4r;