The Sun.
London, England, 1842-04-20 00:00:00

. .',..,
ter •
lh ala - • - -
eakel of the interference of the Corn-laws with the corn.
kteatf_n Me. country ; he had no reason to believe that they af-
,tore Ir. commerce at all. He was sure no man could lament
lil iih'4.l be did that the commerce and manufactures of the coun-
-111100 Ibe at all in a state of embarassment; but he believed if
Ror... -.ltvs were repealed to-morrow that not one }ard of cloth
boriitkotind of iron would be sold in any part of Europe, or of the
11's,4_nvcr which this country could not exercise a control.
sOthe nations of Europe had adopted Treasures to encourage
i,(l!,t I ,nres; these measures were not to be attributed, as some
latZqs to the English Corn-law, but they were to be attributed
ilitir.4X, arople set by this country in the course of the late war, by
hiolitist and noble exertions, by their power, and the strength
/leg exhibited on all occasions. Those who contemplated
• Vailettions, and who had been assisted by thsina, thought they
totes well follow the example of our industry and system of
Itis,,7e; and they did do so, and have now establ shed for them.
isq believed that
and commerce, and he (the Duke of Welling-
" tiwti that we should find that where we had no control,
,t 74! We would we should not be able to purchase their corn by
%„::'„, barter ; it was out of the question, except under special
1
„-"Pato „, n. With respect to the commerce and the manufactures
hipileOtintry, he must say that if they were in the state which ap-
s,47) from the returns on the the table of the House, that there
ttsli.'ithing which could be more favourable to the system of the
liti",s than the state in which those appeared to be. Since
?eat 1828, the period at which this law was enacted, the pro_
4;_of this country, the amount of the exports from this country,
41;41 l'ed by the account of the official value, would show nearly
,ii,'4„ Ibes the amount of preceding years. It was true that those
14Usis who produced these manufactures were in great dis.
suit
lied he had been much concerned at reading those reports of
Itth,3' i,ito the state of the.handloom weavers, and also the reports
s4iebnversation between a late Hon. and Noble Friend of his,
'tri•-,t' in Gentlemen who were lately in this metropolis and con.
iptZWith him on the state of the manufactures in this country.
p' 411 Y 411 y man read those reports, he would see clearly that the
<the manufactures might be attributed to anything except the
letiti.Lvs. It was machinery which had come into com_
tit 7 with the individual manufacturers—machinery,
Qhterease of which had reduced their manufactures,
'4,4.. Opt the price of corn, or the state of the
itd -,l"s. He did not blame machinery. He believed machinery
lsf .itterially advanced the manufactures of this country, and
ist:i,,ien them the state of the returns which he had mentioned
otiAt; but we should not conceal from ourselves that in their
'lit As they had reduced greatly the individual manufactures.-
1.,,,f i. hear)—and that the improvements in machinery which were
kiit7444inlf daily, were one of the causes of the competition which
‘t .4, not only between one part of the country and another, and
q 4.71 and another, but between the individuals in each town,
44 ling it difficult to find markets to take off all the merchandise
Ileanufactures which were produced by this machinery.—
iikMlear.) These countries, which were supposed to become
til°l this country, in consequence of the state of our corn.laws,
Tad markets, it was true, but not in consequence of our corn-
kL.,t9eY had found markets in the South American States, near about
ys'4 0 that manufactures were established in Germany, Russia,
ivhere. The South American States declared their independ.
*this was recognised by this country and the United States,
%,it'ediately they did that, their ports were opened to the mer-
Vre of Germany, Russia, and the whole world, and thus it
lik,4!",at merchants were found for the productions of those coun-
iti,:, They had been taunted a good deal to.night in consequence
ii determination to depend upon their own resources for pro-
. . He was one of those who had always contended that the
lithltittire of this country should be protected as far as possible,
Soriew to render us as nearly independent as we could be of
s ea from foreign countries. He knew that in the state of our
4Unn, increasing as it had been, and was in the course of
k, Year, and increasing also in wealth, that it would be
k,t ible for us, even if we could annihilate bad seasons, to have
`agriculture kept in such a state of production as to maintain
w g ether independent of foreign supplies.—(Hear, hear.) But
it!tild beg of their Lordships not to lose tight of this object, not
sight of the necessity of maintaining the agriculture of this
try in a state of prosperity. The Noble Viscount had compared
t:thation with that of the Romans and the Athenians in firmer
ki:: i but he would beg the Noble Lord not to go quite
I) back, for they could find an example in our situation within
er
kid' few years. If he (the Noble Duke) mistook not, they had
C records of that House an instance of one Sovereign in Europe
is::g a duty on the export of corn to this country, purposely to
tb the prices
.to rise here. He (the Noble Duke) would
5',..e1l of them to recollect the state in which one great source
supply—he meant Poland—was placed during the whole
Ut_ion in Europe. Let them recollect the state in which
IQ? Was, so late as 1830, during the insurrection of that year.
islii. lect that our supplies from that part of Lump° must depend
iCe state of tranquillity of those veople residing on two or three
YZ:se large streams that run irjco the Baltic through those
Vies; and that only last year, when this country was in
111-i4 a supply of corn r
:early at the same time supplies of corn
Vequired in diff'..ent parts of Russia, and that proclamations
Vi:44.stied by the Government of that country forbidding exports
Si:: Sort of ',on from Russia. During a part of the year it was
st lier.dy impossible to get supplies from Russia. These cir-
laters he would beg of their Lordships to bear in mind in
7: Bon this question ; for we must not by any means suppose
‘" could at all times get from any part of the world what
~,`fie Might require. He did not mean to say, however, that we
I,Systittpend solely on our own resources in this country. He
I s-
ieig,,,_ we could not go on at present without at least a supply of
wWwits ti,.."/ of foreign quarters of corn every year, an amount tkat
14,1,...tain1y be increased hereafter.—(Hear, hear.) But still he ,
Sai'w treat their Lordships to provide for the prosperity of our
,N,, ,b_ore, and to maintain it in the state in which it had been
'5; for the last fourteen years, for it would be most dangerous
7tei to rely entirely on the calculation of supplies from
iNi:.-Oatts of the world.—(Hear, hear.) There was only one
CI -"ore which he thought it necessary to advert to—that was the
IS A e oii,_ of the Corn-lawn on the currency of this country. It was
,3:. true that when large sums of money were required to
M ted from this country to pay for supplies of foreign corn
I,.teriod when the Bank was in difficulty, that that export must
hate such a difficulty fbr the moment, but he believed it was
11,tvi)e proved that the Corn-laws had been the cause of any such
enience. Other circumstances had caused it ; but certainly
leulty once existing would be aggravated by the necessity of
arge sums out of the country to pay for corn. But he
oettir such was not the ease, for under the system of the gra-
eil Scale corn was always in the course of being exported in
kitk,Uence of the natural demand of the home market, but that
1).14.e of the harvest or other cause did require the transmission
Itali7ut sums of specie abroad for corn.—(Hear.) The corn being
ed into the home market simply by the opening of the doors
.of
the d storehouses, and it was paid b for yth einternal
, 7 country. To replace this, would require unques.
k.

.. .. .
V, the transmission of large sums of money, but this was
'4 degrees. There was no good grounds for opposing a sliding
let; they should uphold it, .if they meant to maintain the pro.
k, of the agriculture of this -country, as it had existed for the
Valtrteen years, and to maintain things in the state in which
tethle Viscount very properly desired to continue them. The
Pais Noble Friend would effect this object, and according to
iliY4 ought.to act. Under those circumstances, he recommended
ksto4dships,to support the resolution of his Noble Friend, and
kb, that of the Noble-Viscount.—(Hear, hear.)
lit
‘47 Marquis of LANSDOWNE would refer t o the unanswerable
IlSwef his Noble Friend, who had pursued this subject into all
..,., ifications, but into which no one had attempted to follow
N
ht4(llear.) If that speech did not convince their Lordships of
LN„tpdareental vice of the present system. the principle of which
''see!terninent abandoned in the expiring law, but which,
enT‘teZ •_ face of experience, they proposed to re-enact
ei Ilia proposed to the House—if that speech did not
S. their their Lordships of the utter inefficiency and mischief of a
i scale, he (the Noble Marquis) well knew that no argu.
S :his could convince them ; yet he wished to show their Lord.
.."%l'a a few words, why lie must vote for the resolution of his
elts;tend, and why hemust oppose a proposition to do away at
,It, ,ltb all duty on foreign corn.—(Hear.) He agreed that if
ivl. trtiPeiciple of free trade could be applied universally to
~Nu.r produce and commodities, under a reform of our
I'llee:41 system, he should not fear for the fate of the agriculture
Sled °cary in cmpetition with that of the rest of Europe. Let
„L'Ssm, in vested inns
ery kind of manufactures, agriculture in-
elhe ', e
he put under the system of free trade, and he would not
Vthe equal terms in the name of the farmer. But he (the
hst e/1. arquis) would not allow it to be said that a man should en-
VI capital In agriculture without protection for whatever
el/44:, while, at the same time, protection' was afforded to
11,q, invested in any other sort of undertaking and manufacture.
,tiet, Plight to remove anything that interfered with capital, be.
Sil , if capital was protected in one case, he (Lord L.) should
1/4t Wile ef the most fortunate circumstances that could take
\ehla the country, if they could dispense with that system which
Siki Rive relief to capital. He did not think that such an object
Stf be attained by doing away with all duties on corn ; and lie,
e'*e, could not vote for such a measure. His Noble Friend,
NI reaident of the Board of Trade, had stated, and a most sur-
sle statement it was, that on all articles that were not wanted
:414 01(1 principles of commerce were adopted ; that when they
1411.3 T an article that was wanted most, then that principle was
nti2e adopted,but some ingenious experiment was to be devised.
NZ experiments of the Noble Duke upon the subject of corn
kl/411143,ed. and that failure had been admitted by the Noble Duke
vie. • When that measure was introduced by the Noble Duke,
14::ed that it would have the effect of maintaining the averages
tZe regular rate of price in England than in any country of
,Stik7i. Now he (Lord Lansdowne) wished to know on what
e`koei tY the Noble Duke had made that statement, because he
'tee Lansdowne) had a statement made by Mr. Hubbart, from
, it clearly appeared that the averages, since the
kie-gaction of that measure, had been much greater
tke I had ever taken place at any former period. He was
ihtUreirised at the anxiety of the Noble Lords opposite,
;tteitkl of that Bill. It had by common consent, after the vote of
%Pt. been got rid of. It was admitted by that vote, that part
P 4 Pleasure was wrong; and yet, when he called upon
it`lt able Duke to make alterations in it, he refused to do so.
elteiv'at was the course he was pursuing now ? Why,
eV'. le Duke was calling upon the House to do that which
Nu", have been done when he introduced his measure in 1939.
i'bbla Lords were extremely confident as to the result of
444,5-ere ; but after the failure of the principle of the Bill—
hear)—after one suit of clothes was changed for another
lee! any of them fitting--after the failure of six Corn Bills in
-tgrae of half a century, did they expect that the present
eNtete would be a final one ?--(Hear, hear.) If they did they
en recollect that the same confidence existed with regard to
Ne Bills which had failed. There was to be a remunerating
et; Foreign corn was to be excluded, but tint one of those
t 5 followed.—(Cheers.) , And if there was one proof stronger
Sither that this Bill was not to be a final settlement, that
e was to be found in the development of the Bill by the Noble
)7,4 b.:kW in the remarks of 'those who followed him, who showed
iSt ateSt conflict of opibion as to the effect of it.—(Cheers.)
kli , tight be a good reason for its passing, but it was the contrary
vatqard to its operation, and if people of sense drew different
l'lZtieters with regard to the effect of the measure, let him ask
en le Lords who studied the subject, who were pre.
Ciks„fer agricultural societies, who were engaged in agricul-
Ne7Ulations, came to different conclusions on the subject,
Odle, ere the farmers of England to be expected to tell what they
6.elt.e, t tell 9—(Cheers.) Let it be remembered the object was
elk,7 confide"; in the farmers with re.stpdecidt
notto tkhneowlandh—t
14Ze4ri)t—seaffPed.c effects, whothose
i t wwearse
ptoaonimnguch to expect that thea
were implicitely to believe in the benefit of a sliding scale.
ke4ore thought that if this country was destined by its posi-
etes_alth, and population—pat population which was created
kofk,?rted by maehinery—lb depend upon foreign countries,
Cnielle4t. to have a steady any regular supply of corn, and not
4,,;_.ular and uncertain supply which, he believed, would be
CI ef the present measure. He believed that connected
kit: revolutions of the corn trade had been some of the great.
,Abeitera which the country had suffered in its commerce. It
t:Ps that if they were to have any trade at all, they would
er, e returns as quickly and from as wide a range as possible.
‘ 1,-*ld not be done under the proposed Bill. In a measure
Vettee_l* earning up from the other House, there was a proposal
N .5 the duty on meat. He thought that that proposal did
•tedi
. fq
t, t to the Noble Duke and the Right Hon. Baronet at the
el
ue Government. But was not meat a part of the provi.
el the People, and if it were, why had they not applied the
) tetn)f the sliding scaler to meat as well as corn ?—(Hear,
th 'le C
ould not understand the ground of that distinction.
recollect that as to prices, every little market in the
44
ttie,had its own calculation. He remembered an observation
Ili k erated person, Prince Talleyrand, an observation which
Nilie 1 very much at the time. He said there was one person
Nit Id wiser than th cleverest and the wisest man that ever
Vs44"--tban Newton, than Locke, or than Montesquieu—
!!,itleti * Was —Everybody !—(A laugh.) His opinion always
kit' Lat ainst the opinion of any one who coped with him. So it
with all these ingenious fallacies; they might find great
Nttq* that House, but after a certain time it would be
4,, le,teaarnined, eluded, and finally defeated, and the country
„ Zliet have the benefit of that regular supply which should be
1 Seta nf any law their Lordships might pass on the subject. He
411e41 than the debates on ti,:s. subject, and much had been said in
7 tahn4 about a remunerating price. What that was he
. -",_ understand. A remunerating price to whom ? To