The Sun.
London, England, 1827-07-30 00:00:00

LISBON PAPERS.

LISBON, JULY 11.--The official part of the
Gazette contains two Reseripts of the Princess
Regent, signed by the Minister of War—the first
addressed to the Marquis de Valence, appointing hiin

Nkilitary Oovernor off' the province of Tras-os-
Montes—the second is addressed to the Conde de
Lanuares, appointing him Military Govirrior of the
province of Minh°.

(freiin the Porboleta of July 6.)
JUNE 21.—The Apostolical Abbe de
Cordedo, who appears to be the most inveterate
enemy, in these parts, of his Majesty Don Pedro
IV. and the Charter, in two sermons which he
preached, one at St. Antonio in Lurna Longa, the
other in Canpos, had the audacity to invite from the
pulpit the people to rebellion—confirming them in
hopes and opinions of the Silveiras—publishing
from the pulpit the most alarming and false news—
that Silveira had entered Braganca with a French
army of 50,000 infantry, fourteen regiments of ca-
valry, and nine of chasseurs—that the Constitution
Was the Work and invention of the devil and the
eeemasons, &c.

The. Gazelle qnoteS Ifroin the same Paper a longer
but similar statement, dated' Raivaes, 24th June,
and adds the following reflections:—
" Depending on the authority of the Barb()!eta,
we copy the above articles, which we should not
have done had they said nothing of the two parish
priests, who, whethet considered as persons in
Public office, dr merely as ecclesiastical pastors,
should be the first to give an iinegniVoCal example
of fidelity to the Kill, respect to his institutions,
and v'coieration for the divine religion which they
professy and which they are bound to explain to the
people, whom they should instruct with rectitude and
truth„ But if these are the teachers of the people,
and if these are the doctrines which they explain
or inculcate,, how can there be obedience in our
people, and hOW CAM they cease to be rioters or
rebels ? Supposing the two above articles to be
trod, we must be fully justified in publishing them.
Crimes of this nature are calculated only to produce
and propagate public immorality ; for what morality
can there be without respect for the laws, and the
supreme authority which promulgates them. No-
thing should be suppressed, but rather allowed to
be published. In this manner the authorities,
whose business it is to take cognizance of such pub-
lic crimes, can alone be informed of them, and it is
to be hoped they will not be repeated either by those
persons or others, who might desire to imitate them,
since tve hope that, if they are as certain as they
are stated to be, they will be punished, in an ex-
emplary manner, by those who are chiefly bound
to do so."

The Gazette subjoins an essay, under the follow-
ing title The absolute necessity of instructing
the people; because it is on their ignorance that all
speculators in rebellion found their hopes." After
some preliminary observations, the writer says—" It
is evident that factious and rebellious principles,
ecclesiastical as well as. secular, proceeding by a
thousand efforts and a thousand means, to the con-
quest of absolute temporal power, under the cloak of
false legitimacy and false religion, cannot achieve
this conquest without the aid of the people, whom
they have, in a great degree, deluded by a thousand
insinuations, all perfidious and false, and still hope to
delude. In order to deprive them of this auxiliary
force, without which they could not subsist a mo-
ment, the only means are to instruct and enlighten
the people, by a constant and religious method, that
they may see the delusion under which they labour,
and the danger of the doctrines by which their false
friends endeavour to lead' them through guilt to the
summit of misfortune."

Enforcing the imperious duty of all holiest men
the Magistrates, Clergy, &c. to contribute to en-
lighten the people, and adverting to the duty of the
press, especially of the periodical, the writer con-
cludes, "In this number is the Gazette of Lisbon,
and it promises, from this day forward, to be the
sound, pure, and powerful organ of all truly consti-
tutional doctrines, as its Editor, faithful to his con-
science and his principles, is resolved to be what he
always was—an unalterable friend of legal liberty,
—a liberty which, for the happiness of the Portu-
guese, is now laid down in the Charter, which we
must all religiously defend for our own advantage,
and for the honour of the great King who gave it
to us."

LISBON, JULY 10.—Her Royal Highness the
Princess Regent, and the infantas, her sisters, were
present to-day at the launching of the new brig of
war, Don Pedro, at the Royal Arsenal of the W
rine.

Her Royal Highness appeared to be wholly
recovered, and seemed highly pleased, as well as her
august sisters. They were all welcomed with the
greatest respect and enthusiasm by the numerous
spectators.

JULY 1 3.—T his morning-, at eleven o'clock, the
Princess Regent and her sisters, embarked at the ar-
senal for Villa Nova ; her Royal Highness will pass
some days at the Caldas da Rainha, to take the warm
baths, which have always been so beneficial to her.
—Lisbon Gazette, July 13.
(From the Diario Fluminense, from the 25th of May to
the Bth of June inclusive.)
RIO DE JANEIRO.

These papers do not contain a syllable about the
military operations, and are almost wholly occupied
with the debates in the Chambers; that of the 25th
May contains a very long exposition of the Mi-
nister of Finance. It appears, from his state-
ment, that in 1826, the receipts, ordinary and ex-
traordinary, amounted to about 7,578,473 milreas ;
expenditure, 7,427,213 ditto ; leaving about 151,26(1
as a balance overplus. The debt, at the end of that
year (1826), was 31,222,593 milreas. For 1828,
the receipts, ordinary and extraordinary, are esti-
mated at 6,300,000 ; the expenditure at 11,219,088 ;
leaving a deficit of 4,919,088 milreas.

The Minister thinks, that neither the debt nor
the deficit give any ground for uneasiness, since a
few years hence, and strict economy, will afford
ample means to make it up. The only difficulty is,
to find present resources for the expence of the
army, and for supporting the national credit abroad.
The Conde de Valence is appointed Secretary of
State and Minister of Justice.

ELECTION FOR CARLISLE.

Carlisle Journal Office, Saturday, 4 o'clock.

The friends of Wilfrid Lawson, Esq., of Brayton
(brother-in-law to Sir James Graham, the sitting
Member), have this morning commenced an active
canvass in his favour. They say that Mr. Lawson
will present himself to the Freemen on Tuesday
next. The other party are doing all they can to
frighten away candidates, by exaggerating the ex-
pense of a Carlisle election—a sure sign that they
themselves are not prepared for a very warm contest.
The general opinion is, that an easier and less costly
battle was ❑ever fought in Carlisle than this is likely
to be. As an indication of it, we can state, that the
Yellows (Tories) are very much divided among
themselves, owing to the late Ministerial movements,
and that some of them have already promised their
votes for Mr. Lawson during this day's canvass,
which has also secured the most cordial pledges of
the Blues. Edmund Gibson Atherley, Esq., of
Gray's Inn, was expected among us, as an inde-
pendent candidate ; but the freemen became impa-
tient, and insisted on bringing forward Mr. Lawson,
who, we believe, was not very anxious for a public
life. He had, however, given them reason to hope,
that be would comply with their wishes, if no other
Blue candidate appeared. It would not surprise us
yet to see Mr. Atherley in Carlisle, but we suspect
he has been too slow in declaring himself, as the
freemen will, in all probability, hold Mr. Lawson to
his engagement, since his name has been announced.

Mr. PRICE, the Lessee of Drury-lane Theatre,
accompanied by Mr. Wallach, his Manager, has been visit-
ing many of the Provincial Theatres in the midland coun-
ties, ter the purpose of endeavouring to discover some youth-
fill theatrical aspirants. Thus far, we understand, they
have found nothing worthy to be transplanted to the
metropolis. Mr. Price is at present at Cheltenham, on a
visit to his friend Terry, at whose Theatre Colonel Berke-
ley, Charles Young, Yates, and Wallack, act occasionallt.

11, *VA
-03 Wf

LONDON,
MONDAY EVENING, JULY 30, 1827.

The Paris Papers of Friday, and the Gazette
de France, dated Saturday morning, reached us
last night ; extracts from them will be found in
another column. The Moniteur announces the
saili►►g of another squadron from Brest for the
Mediterranean, and details the extent of the
naval finrce intended by France to be employed
in the Levant and before Algiers. The fleet in
the Levant is to consist of twenty-three ships,
four of which are seventy-fours. The Moniteur
admits that France is assembling a much larger
naval force in the Mediterranean than she usually
employs there. This, we think, is pretty evi-
dent, but it might also be admitted that the ex-
tent of the force is greater than its avowed objects
can require.

A private letter from Madrid mentions that
Count d'OFALiA is expected to return to Spain
immediately; as the British Government has de-
clared its determination not to answer any of his

propositions.
The Journal des Debats contains a letter
from Lisbon, which states that the Austrian
Charge d'Affaires had very modestly en-
quired of the PRINCESS REGENT whether Don
MIGUEL could now return to Portugal, and
assume the reins of Government. The answer
of the PRlNcEss'referred him to the KING, her
brother.

The French Funds are again rather on the

advance.

FREKCH Furas.—Rentes, Five per Cents. 109 f. 20e.
25e. ; Four per Cents. 95f. 10e. ; Three per Cents. 72f.
80e. 85e. ; Bank Actions, 2,010 f.
Fouziaw FUNDS.—Rentes Nap. Cert. Fal. 79f. 45e.
50e. ; Spanish Rentes, 94- ; Royal Spanish Loan, 64 ;
Interminable Spanish Annuities, 46k.

We have for some time been aware that a re-
duction of our Military Force was contemplated,
but forbore mentioning it, as no definitive arrange-
ments were made. The subject is still under con-
sideration, and when any thing is determined on
we shall lose no time in communicating it to our
Readers. Indeed under the present Administra-
tion, the Public may confidently rely that every
pobsible reduction will be made in the several
branches of the Public Service consistent with
the welfare a►►d safety of the Empire.

The Duke of Kent packet has arrived with a
mail from Lisbon, having sailed from the Tagus
on the 15th inst., up to which day we have re-
ceived Lisbon Gazettea, extracts of which will
be found in another column. The tone of the
Gazette is completely changed, a new Editor,
of liberal principles, who was a Member of the
former Cortes, having been nominated through
the influence of SALDANHA to conduct it. We
do not learn any particular news by this arrival.

The Osborne and Camden packets have ar-
rived with Jamaica mails. The former sailed
from Carthagena on the sth June, from Jamaica
on the 12th, and from Crooked' Island on the
21st. The latter from Jamaica on the 2d May,
Havannah on the 14th June, and Bermuda on
the 3d July.

By this opportunity we have received an ac-
count of the opening of the Congress of Co-
lombia, at Tunja, on the 2d May, when General
SANTANDER, the Vice President, addressed
the Chambers in the following terms :
" Fellow-citizens of the Senate and Chamber of
Representatives,—l was far from thinking when I
addressed my last message to you, that I should now
have the painful duty of referring to wounds which
the internal events of the Republic opened in our
hearts. The order and progress with which
Colombia was advancing in the political career, when
the last ordinary Session of the Congress commenced,
announced to the people days of consolation and
tranquillity, and impressed me with the agreeable.
idea of terminating the period of my administration
by leaving the Republic completely tranquil under
the guarantee of its institutions, its external relations
established, the sources of national prosperity opened,
the funds and the administration of justice improved,
education increasing, public credit consolidated, the
magazines of war supplied, a competent maritime
force equipped, and what is more, the Spanish Go-
vernment disposed to concede to us peace; but
Providence, which frustrates the projects of mail 'to
teach us to know our weakness, has permitted that
the most melancholy and calamitous events should
serve as a trial of our constancy and love of liberty.
I proceed to exhibit to you this picture with the
correctness and impartiality which my character and
your representative duties command; not to afflict
you and dishearten you through your affliction, but
that, knowing the evil, you may be able to apply a
due remedy. What ought to inspire you with con-
fidence in accomplishing this object is, on the one
hand, the firmness and efficacious co-operation of
the Executive Power, and, on the other, the progress
which various branches of the public administration
have made, in spite of those agitations which Were
calculated to impede them.
" Endeavours to bring about peace between
Spain and the American States were continuing to
be made with the Cabinet of Madrid, by those
Powers who, consulting their own interests, recog-
nise our rights to independence, when the event of
Valencia, of the 30th of April, took place. The
Executive had succeeded in inducing the most re-
spectable Governments to interest themselves in this
object, and the principal argument on which they
founded the claim to peace was the internal order
and stability of our institutions. Unfortunately, this
basis has lost all its force, and the negociations have

been suspended. The Government of his Catholic
Majesty resumed its extinguished hopes of con-
quest and When the commotion of Venezuela re-
sounded in its ears, conceived the idea of involving
us in a civil war : but . the Executive, without with-
holding from the restoration of 'constitutional- order
all the attention which its duty imposed, took care
to prepare the means of external defence as far as
circumstances would permit, and relied tranquilly on
the national spirit, and the well-known valour of the
army. The Carrying into effect\ the hostile views of
the enemy's Government is now less probable, since
itsdOttiestic affairs absorb all its attentionsince it
has lost the fortified posts Of Ullds, Caen, and
Chiloe—and since the forces which it assembled in
the island of Cuba are reduced. However, in any
event the Colombians will know how to defend and
preserve their independence with the, same glory
with which they acquired it.
" Our relations of friendship with all the States
of America, far from having sustained any diminu-
tion, are acquiring that strength on which the wel-
fare and felicity of all depend. The great American
assembly contributed efficaciously to perfect the
alliance of the Republic with some, and to define
clearly our political and commercial connexions with
others. This assembly met at Panama on the 22d
June, and afterwards removed to Tacubaya in
Mexico. After describing what had been done at
this assembly, the Congress is informed that the
Ministers of Rio de la Plata, of the new Republic of
Bolivia, of Brazil, and of the United States, will meet
the others at Tacubaya. It is probable that Great
Britain and the United States will also send Com-
. missioners,invested with.the same character as thoSe
who repaired to Panama. .

" The Provisional Government of Peru has re-
cognized the republic of Bolivia, but the Provinces
of Rio de la Plata have refused that recognition.—
The Government of the United Provinces of Central
America has received the Plenipotentiary of the Re-
public, as has also the President of the Provinces of
Rio de la Plata. The Government of Colombia is
not officially acquainted with the nature and state of
the question in dispute between Rio de la Plata, and
Brazil, but it exerts its influence to bring about a
peace. The mission of Colonel Palacios to the Em-
peror of Brazil is one of the steps taken by the
Executive in favour of peace, and is also a proof of
our wish to maintain the best harmony and friendship
with Brazil.

" The treaty of friendship, commerce, and naviga-
tion, was ratified in London on the 7th of November,
1825, without any alteration ; and since then, care
has been taken that the conditions should he fulfilled
with the greatest fidelity, such conduct being the
source of confidence between governments and na-
tions. In fulfilment of the treaty concluded with
the United States of North America, I have des-
patched a decree, giving to the citizens of the said
States equal commercial 'privileges and exemptions
as those granted by the Republic to the subjects of
his Britannic Majesty. I fear that the state of agi-
tation which the events of Venezuela produced may
have given occasion to the violation of some articles
of these and of other existing treaties. The Execu-
tive, however, as yet knows nothing of this; but 1
can assert, that, impressed with the purest good ,
faith and the most lively desire for the welfare of the
allied, friendly, and neutral nations, no effort will be
neglected for repairing any violation.
" The Government of his Most Christian Majesty
has appointed through the medium of a subaltern
authority, a superior commercial agent to superin-
tend the interests of France in the Republic. The
Executive is well aware that the forms observed in
this appointment are not those recognised by the
law of nations, and had it not been for that circum-
stance the Government of Colombia would have
issued its exequatur, and would have been happy to
enter into communications with a person of such
distinguished qualities as M. Martigny. Neverthe-
less, the Government being desirous of proving to
France, and to his Most Christian Majesty, its
anxiety to establish and maintain relations of peace
awl friendship, has permitted the agent to superin-
tend French commerce is the terms and according
to the manner in which, under similar circumstances,
permission was formerly given to English and Dutch
commercial agents. The Executive, therefore, con-
fidently hopes that the French Government, far
from delaying the . recognition of the sovereignty of
Colombia, will avail itself of every favourable oppor-
tunity 'for securing the progress of the industry of
its people by entering into relations with the Re-
public. The Colombian flag now waves in the
ports of France, in consequence of the regulations
made by the Government of that country.
" I have already hinted to the Congress, that the
political commotion of Valencia, in the department
of Venezuela, damped the progress of the Constitu-
tional system, under the shade of which the Repub-
lic enjoyed tranquillity until that ominous day. You
know that the Chamber of Representatives received
with interest the complaints of the local authorities
of Caraccas against certain abuses which the Com-
mandant-General Jose Antonio Paez had committed,
in execution of the decree for enlisting militia; that
the Executive had, a year before, warned him to exe-
cute that decree with discretion and prudence, avoid-
ing to give any ground for offence or any commo-
tion, which might render it necessary to resort to
arms, or to inflict serious punishments. The Cham-
ber resolved to accuse the Commandant-General
before the Senate, which accusation the Senate ad-
mitted. The decree of the Senate, and of the Exe-
cutive Power despatched in fulfilment of article 100
of the Constitution, were disobeyed. General Paez
was not only retained in his command by a resolu-
tion of the municipality of I'alencia, but that of
Caraccas invested him with a superior authority
unknown to our political system. This proceeding
gave origin to many others, all hostile to the union
proclaimed by the fundamental law ; and on the rith
of November a popular assembly in Caraccas de-
creed the independence of that country. In the reca-
pitulation of events the Congress is reminded that a
popular meeting took place at Maracaibo,—a
meeting of a kind not authorized by law—which
called for the convocation of the Grand Convention
before the period fixed by article 191 of our code,
and other municipalities of the province adhered to
this act. Various provinces followed the example, and
solicited a similar acceleration of the period of the Na-
tional Convention. All these transactions took place
ata time when the Spaniardswere visiting our Atlantic
coast with a considerable squadron, while the friendly
Powers were making efforts at Madrid to induce the
Spanish Government to grant peace to America—
when public credit was threatened with the most
complete ruin. I leave it to your judgment what
must in this si-tuation have been the anxiety of the
Executive at finding itself involved in such serious
difficulties, and surrounded by so many obstacles in
its endeavours to preserve the internal crder of the
Republic under the aegis of the Constitution. For-
tunately, the cause of liberty and of law was not
abandoned in the dissidient provinces, nor even in
the very cities which had issued illegal proclama-
tions, and the Executive authority found support
wherever there was a judicigus Colombian and
true patriot. What words are capable of sufficiently
applauding the fidelity, firmness, and attachment
to the political laws, of the people and the authori-
ties of the provinces of Bogota, Antioquia, Neyva,
Mariquita, Tunja, &c. ? or the exemplary conduct
of Gen. Bermudez, the prudence of Generals Urda-
neta and Guerrero, and other illustrious chiefs, who
do honour to the liberating army of Colombia ?
The Executive Power cannot sufficiently describe
what is due to those provinces, and their civil and
military authorities, from the country. History and
posterity will do them justice. In the mean time, I
recommend them to the representatives of the nation
in the most earnest manner.

" In the midst of this deluge of calamities, in
which the fidelity of the before-mentioned provinces
saved the ark of our rights, the Iris of salvation—
the Liberator, president of the Republic, appear-
ed, and his presence calmed all—the ►nnocent and
the guilty—the just and the unjust. The Libera

tor closed the wounds cf Guayaquil on the 12th of
September, and in his. passage to this capital, or-
dered the re-establishment of the legal government,
whiCh had been.subverted in the departments of the
the South, rejecting, with a horror worthy of the
first cifiZeri of Colombia, the Dictatorship, which,
without power or right, certain popular juntas had
conferred on him. - On the 14t1t •of -November
he arrived in this city, and departed on the 25th,
having executed, in the course of the only two days
during which he would exercise the Government,
various economical regulations, and the decree of
the 23d of November, which I venture to call immor-
tal, because, having therein declared that he took
upon himself the exercise of extraordinary powers,
which on account of cases like the present are per-
mitted by article 128 of the Constitution ; that he
was desirous of preserving our political code, until
the nation should by legitimate means reform itself;
and that the laws were to remain in their former vi-
gour in every thing in which the exercise of those
extraordinary powers were not requisite. • I think
that the national honour and glory of General Bo-
livar are saved."--(To be continued.)
Aletter from General Santander announces his
intention to resign the Vice-Presidency, to which
he has been a second time. elected, and incloses
memorial stating the reasons why he does not wish
to continue in office.

. The memorial begins with a recapitulation of the
services of the Vice-President, after which General
Santander observes that his re-election was published
shortly before the agitations of Venezuela took place,
which agitations were followed by illegal meetings
of some citizens, —events which had taught him a
lessor he had not before learned throughout the whole
course of his life. Since a considerable part of the
Republic had been in commotion, he had reason
to fear that his presence in the Government, whe-
ther to administrate or to give counsel, might im-
pede the sincere reconciliation of Colombians. This ap.
prehension induced him to avoid, by all possible means,
the most remote occasion to do injury to his country.
He considered himself performing to Colombia a new
service,and one not of little importance, when he sepa-
rated himself from public affairs,in order that neither his
opinions, his system, his character, or his person
might obstruct the establishment of the political Go-
vernment, and the happiness of his fellow-country-
.men. He afterwards says, " I renounce the office
of Vice-President, because I wish to see it filled by
some one capable of correcting the errors of my ad-
ministration for the benefit of the country. I re.
nounce it, because I ought to cut off the source
whence has recently proceeded the idea of a rival-
ship between me and the Liberator, and of my being
perfidious to his friendship. I renounce it, because
I ought, as a good patriot, to take care that it be not
again made a pretext for disturbing our• domestic
tranquillity, and undermining the social compact. I
renounce it, because I wish to enjoy private life, to
vindicate my conduct, and combat my calumniators.
Finally, I renounce it, because my health is de-
teriorated by the labour of government. So many,
and such just causes of policy, and of convenience,
ought to determine the Congress to exercise the
authority given it by the law, and to accept my re-
signation. This I expect from your rectitude and
your devotedness to the welfare of the nation.
" At a distance from the supreme administration,
retired in my own home with reputation or without
it, beloved or abhorred by the first among illustrious
Colombians, the Congress and the people may rely
upon my feeble efforts to do every thing in my power
for independence and liberty. Born a Colombian, I
shall die a Colombian. Republican doctrines have
penetrated my heart, and I never shall be other
than a Republican. The gratitude which I owe to
my country and to her representatives will always
animate my heart. The liberty of Colombia will,
while I live, be the object of thy political devotion,
of my duty, and of my sacrifices. Bolivar will
always be
,the object of my profound affection and
admiration.
"FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER."

This memorial is followed by a speech pronounced
by the President of the Senate, Luis Andrea Bo-
rah, on the opening of the Session, in which he
states that great and important questions are about
to be submitted to the Legislature. There is nothing
besides remarkable in his address ; but it is imme-
diately succeeded by a letter, in which he resigns
the Presidency. He had been a third time elected
President of the Senate ; and he observes that lie
does not think it consistent with the dignity of that
body, nor of the spirit of equality or liberty of which
it ought to set the purest example to the nation,
that the same citizen should for three times succes-
sively hold this office. He reminds the Senators
that he has been accused of having committeda crime,
and that the Congress is about to take into consi-
deration the resignations of the President and Vice-
President of the Republic. His letter is dated the
12th of May, and on the same day the Senate re-
solved that the consideration of their President's
proposition should be postponed until a determina-
tion was come to respecting the resignations of the
President and Vice-President of the Republic.
It appears that the Congress had removed its
sittings from Tunja to Bogota. "0/1 the I2th cur-
rent (says El Constitutional) the Congress continued
its proceedings in this capital. The first business
which occupied the chambers after receiving the
message of the Executive, and the congratulations
presented by that power through the medium of the
Home Secretary, was the continuing in office Ge-
neral Santander, re-elected Vice President of the
Republic for the present constitutional period. His
Excellency had previously addressed to the Congress
as on its installation in Tunja, the resignation of his
office, and at the same time requested to be excused
from taking the oaths.
" The Congress resolved, that, before determining
upon the points to which these documents related,
General Santander ought to be put in possession of
the office which he was called upon to exercise, and
agreed to meet for that purpose in the Hall of the
Senate, at five in the evening. A communication
of this intention was made to the General by a de-
putation. He replied, that he considered himself
severed from the functions of his office ; that he
could not consent to present himself for the purpose
of being re-invested ; and requested that if the
Chambers were to meet on the subject, it should be
to accept his resignation. The Congress insisted
that General Santander should agree to take the
Constitutional oath, and a letter advising him so to
do was transmitted to him. He replied, that
though he respected the resolutions of the Chambers,
and though he regretted to be placed for 'the first
time in opposition to them, he had resolved not to
be invested in an office in which he declined to
serve, merely from a wish that those benefits should
begin to be felt by the country, which were expected
as soon as he should have no connexion Aith public
affairs; and besides, that no law obliged him to take
this step at which his conscience revolted.
" The Congress then proceeded to discuss whe-
ther General Santander ought to be obliged to take
possession of the Vice-Presidency of the Republic,
or whether a declaration should be made to the Pre-
sident of the Senate, according to article 110 of the
Constitution, in order to determine who should ex-
ercise the executive authority in the case of the ab-
sence of the President. After a warm debate,
which lasted from five o'clock until seven at night,
it Ives resolved to call upon General Santander for
the third time to take possession; and for this pur-
pose a member of each of the Chambers, which re-
mained sitting, was deputed to go to him. The
General then stated, that his refusal proceeded from
no principle of disobedience, but that he considere'd
he had sufficient reasons for not continuing in the
Government; but that in consequence of the urgent
applications of the Congress, he would present him-
self before the Chambers immediately, to comply
with their desire, which he did about a quarter be-
fore eight o'clock in the evening.
" The President of the Senate then called upon
him.to take the oath in the terms, required by the
Constitution; and, on the performance of that act,-

General Santander pronounced a very energetic
speech."

- In
this,speech General Santander complained of
calumnie3 of which he had been the victim. He
said every kind, of impufation had been directed
against him. "I am accused of being the cause of
the misfortunes of my country, of being the rival are'
the enemy of the President Liberator. Through me
the operation of the Bolivian Constitution has been

defeated—to me it is owing that the confederation
of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia, has been frustrated
—by me the nation has been deprived -of the bless--
ings of the Dictatorship. It is through me, that the
people are oppressed with taxes. It is all owing to
me that Colombia was divided into. two sections--
that the army is discouraged—that the funds are
ruined—that parties me imbittered—and that every
thing is going to ruin. In the opinion of my ene-
mies, who are also the enemies of our political sys-
tem and the Government—men who live upon adu-
lation—l have more power than a celebrated-philo-
sopher, who wanted only a fulcrum to move the
earth. Only accept my -resignation,. and all these
evils will be replaced by thousands of benefits.

" I here renew, in presence of the august na-
tional representation, the profession of my political
faith. I will maintain the ConstitutiOn, while it is
the Code of Colombia. My heart will be alwa:y.;
pure and disinterested, and my soul always free:---
My will shall be that of the Colombian people legi-
timately expressed. My obedience and submission
are due to the law, and to the authorities regularly
constituted. My sacrifices and devotedness shall be
unalterable for the independence and liberty of
Colombia.—l have said it. "

Setior Baralt, President of the Senate,. then ad-
dressed a speech to General Santander, expressing
satisfaction at his having accepted the office of Vice-
,President of the Republic.