The Sun.
London, England, 1816-08-21 00:00:00

Aliviilitals,but that all is involuntaillyllorrie4l along

in their vortex •
Tolerance has its inconvenieneles, bit could the
so very complicated circumstances, the capitulation
Abet was jest signed, admit of another treatment,
another system t Every measure of severity, after
the Proclamations of the King that had been pub-
lished, seemed to give the lie to the word be had
givers. One could no longer depend on any thing,
if the conVention concluded yesterday was not to
'be valid for the following day.
At what moment was it More necessary that
every one Shotild be convinoed that the word of
the King was sacred and irrevocable i The
slightest, the most trifling appearance of any vio-
lation whatever of the obligations entered into,
innst wound every feeling; the dreadful suspicion
of having been deceived seized again upon all
;minds, and confidence vanished on all sides and
for ever.
The King could only show generosity and re-
-gularity.: a single arbitrary sat laid the foundation
.of a dangerous opposition. How punish Where
-cease t And if there is no limit, lkoW shall con-
fusion come to repose t. Full and unlimited ent-
reaty was necessary, precisely because punishmentwes impossible, unless one could again expose
Oneself to the4featest difficulties.
However,,tremoved train Paris those whose-
presence there eiottld have been improper ;
'caused passports to be given theM, cud (l confess
it) even procured for several the means, of which
they were destitute, to retire.
Thii measure did not give satisfaction ; solver.
could
does not always confer judgment ; they (on)
could not comprehend that is WasTosiible to reign
without a list of proscription ; then; as now,
every one desired to see his enemy upon this list.
The Ministry left upon it only those names. which
it could not remove from it.
I beg those who reproach me for having signed
the Ortionnance of'24th duly to place themselves
in that period. had it been possible for me to
strike out of it some of the names that are in-
cluded in it, by insetting my own in their place,
T would not have hesitated Ornament. But let
us judge without prejpdice the situation' of
things.
All minds- were before-band penetrated with
the idea that, the Throne had been overturned in
consequence of an extensive Conspiracy that a ,
kreiat number of persons were involved la the plot
which had placed Napoleon again upon the throne;
that the majority still cherished a Certain, aversion
to the Government, the development of which
might one day disturb Europe.
With all wiy might and in every possible way
have combated this unhappy error; it was SO
general amid so deeply rooted, that even those
were silent who had the most interest to dispel it.
Solemn trials have now justified sby words and
toy writings.
The number of persons devoted to Napoleon
were not very considerable. People desired n
stew order of things, but thoy feared his despotism:
in order to engage the public opinion, he was
forced to announce that England and Austria
supported him : his prochonatioos tnade people
believe that he returned, greater, with the fruits
of reflection doting his banishment ; that he was
cured of his ambition, Air having experienced,
all the Unexpected and dreadful inigfortanes which.
chance and the events of war tray bring with

them.
The French are moved with extraordinary ease,
and quickly take confidence; they believed that
Napoleon would now begin a new life, at new
reign, after haviug diiring a year heard in the
of Elba, as in a tomb, all that truth as well
as hatred said in Europe of his first reign and his
former life.
The idea of a conspiracywas spread by those
NO° wished for proscriptions. My discharge be-
fore I had proved the falsehood and wickedness of
this would have made victims of thousands, I
took the resolution to sign the Ordonnance of the
2,lth of July, in artier to enchain reoletion, mot
to lesson the number of those whom it wished to
sacrifice. Had I withdrawn, T should have been
'rearoaclied with all the evils which I yreV.ented by
remaining at my post.
Ins order properly to appreciate my conduct let
ft he observed, not that the passions have got the
upper hand, but what place those passions assign
-sue, what is the first victim that they point out.
Let,my reports to the King be read again ;
(they' have been mutilated ; I shall give theta
genuine and unaltered;) let the causes of the ex-
cessive hatred of which I am the object be sought
in them The nation has understood them. 1
'will go into some details, in order to answer those
Who have found that my reports to the King were
Slot respectful enough, sold that my Administration
Wit: not advantageous to his service.
I am less cOneerned at being accused of having
said to the King serious and even hard things,
than of having given him empty unfounded con-
solatiou and uncertain hopes. How much are
li.i.rittees to be pilled ? Their palaces, resound with
every mirth, people say and wish it to every body,
only oat to them.
As .it was my duty to unveil, without any pallia-
tion, the intention of the State, it was requisite
before all things to draw the King's attention to
nearest evils, to the dangers that surrounded
Lis power. The thraite was shaken to, its very
Jontniation was highly important not to err
in respect to the secret and profound reuses which
;'lane lead to such events, and. may still prepare
onus if they should be mistaken.
therefore explained to his Majesty all the dif-
fetilties' that stood in the way of the firin este-
bliiiinteat of-his authority. The greatest interest
of every people is that its Government be un-
changeable, because the bond which unites the
'parts of the social body (the work 'of centuries)
hardly can regain its original solidity when a re-
volutiou had time to -dissolve it, It is also al-
most without example that a Monarehy,einter-
rowed in its duration, has heel) able to re-esta-
blish ; at least it is impossible, after an hi-
term-1)60o of five-and-twenty years, to built! it
on agar's as it was, particularly in a nation whose
ideas arc subject to such rapid movements. It
'aide but a small port of the elemeuts of its foruer

power; its principles, laws, interests, are no
longer the same, they have united with the course
of time and the progress of knowledge.. • -
Among the obstacles I have distinguishedithose
wtrich arose from our present state of war, and
those which proceed from oar unha :ppy internal
dissensions. The exposition of the first presented
the greatest difficulty. I did not fear to lay before
the allied Sovereigns useful truths, and to direct
their attention to the representation of our mis-
fortunes. The foreign troops, who inundated
France, seemed to give occasion to two opposite
remarks ; on the one side they fulfilled our wishes
by bringing us peace, and in this point of view
they had as many chains to our gratitude as to. our
confidence. Oe the other hand , the excesses of some
corps brought upon us all the misery which can befit'
.on. Thus the return of the King by circum-
stances' which were quite foreign to it, would
have become the most unhappy eta of our history ;
and the same throne would as it were have been
overthrown with one hand, which had been just
raised with the other.
Such serious considerations compelled me to re-
present to the King the consequences so fatal to
his consideration with the nation, of this unex-
pected system of the gradual occupation of our
provinces, the consequences of this system where
no opposition any longer sheaved and those
hostile measures vudentlycontinued in a war at first
generously undertaken' for a high object. 'fhe love
of a people to their Government always suffers by
the misfortunes of the country.
Some courage was requisite to make these,
trutlis.tknowe ; they 'produced a wholesotne and
speedy, improvement, of Our condition. Myer-
vicesPoo this head ~ivere not even noticed ; ser-
vices of this kind were not asked for.
Even for the interest of the. Allied Powers it
was my'duty to present them the same picture.
IVhat the French Character possesses in energy,
and particularly in elements for a sudden explosion
of its force, is not sufficiently known to them ;
and iu this respect they would have had a right
to complain of my silence.
1 had to speak to generous minded Sovereigns ;
I could venture to make them observe, that iu
Our enlightened age victory does not suffice
to justify all the abuses of power. By noble and
elevated sentiments one does one's-self no injury
in the eyes of great Princes ; people have been
egregiously mistaken in thinking to deliver me to
the. hatred of foreign countries ; say language was
judged of according to the duties which were im-
posed on me.
In another report on the siteation of France,
in which I considered it in respect of its political
disunion, I had to choose between two things
that could not possibly be reconciled, either to
suppress the truth, or to say it entirely. I did
not hesitate; the good of the Prince whom I
served was at stake ; I had only to coo3olt
my duty. I painted the different parties as
they are ; I slimed him their strength, their
weakness ; 1 laid open their views, the submis-
sion that must be expected from them, the con-
cessions which they. themselves expect. I repre-
sented the two great factions which disturb Its,
and whose cotifiict .would bring the State into the
greatest (Lower. If one deceives the Great of the
earth in this matitricr, it inass.he coufessed that this
manner is new. I have :.not disco4ered° tti the
Ring the mimes of the Royalists whci",diewfared
against his antherity, and isegociated with Napo-
leon.. I wished not to list any veil ; those whose
honour been saved, may return to virtue.
There were only two means of serving, the sing,
the increasing of his physical or his moral power. It
physical power is sometimes necessary to suppress
disordets, it is not sufficient to establish a durable
order of things. We shall see whether I did in this
respect all that was in my power. 1 shall, in my
Memoir, once snore go. through the remarks
which I made on the Army, the National Guard,
the Chambers, the Public Opinion,
I must confess the Administration, to which I
belonged, porokesed judgment, love of what wSis
good, great ability in business ; but the new pains
of the past-made it forget too much the danger
Of the future : several of our acts wanted pre-
caution; we wanted energy, union against our ops
ponents„ and a common idea in our labours. Petiole
complained at the littleenergyot the Police, because
it was not directed solely against those Whom it was
wished to plunge into Mill, Yet every species of
evil disposition was held in check ; nuthieg re-
mained unpunished; the Army was uneasy, -but
it obeyed ; we endeavoured to bring all parties to
submission, to the sacrifice of their exsggerated
ideiss, to order. It was nest enough to moderate
the passions in the south of the kingdom; they
ought to have been unchained, I repeated to the
Magistrates of those pima what the cunSciente, of
meek had so often says, that there is only one id-
vautage from which one never needs to depart,
namely, Justice. I told the King that amidst
re-
actions there was no public tranquillity, no Throne
no Nation.
It the crowd receive the example of violence front
those who ought to have givers it the example of
moderation, it must be expected tlta►t'it would throve
down 411 the harriers between it and crimes. When
licence and servitude have alternately inflamed the
passioes Of a people, there are but few men who
listen to the voice of reason. What ratters
those who would willingly let their rage govern
in the piece of the laws, that the indeportolence
of theircountry is risked, that the throne is shaken ?
What matter to them the mouruing of families,.
the public execrations, if they can' but satisfy their
revenge. It seems that there are days On which
the remembrance of the past, the pressure of the
present, the hope or fear of the future, produce
en the heeds of men all kinds of disorders
and nraidnesa. What a scene does Franco offer to
the eyes of E'iiape ! When the prisons are full,
when they have been eelarginl, will this severity
give the authority of the King such thriable
silty as it WOlitti have had if France had been IrkM-
quillized by ideas of security and tnilduess ? What
Witt ice done when every ?trills speaks with' the other,
which it always, the case after oppression ? If a
part of the people teal been misled, will persecu-
tion and disgrace hinder it trom taking a part in
a new rebellion ? All 1111111411 things have their
patience •is atmeptible of only a certilill

degree of yielding. A people cannot remain quiet
when a futurity is constantly held up to it, which
either dishonours or threatens if. Even its re-
pose, could it be maintained, would be only a
state of constraint.

•
1 was charged 'to waled, for the support of the
Throne, and the security of the State. It must
not be believed that these duties, after such great
changes in our public spirit, in our institutions,
and our manners; can be fulfilled by the same
means. MI has been changed during the progrets
of civilization. It has made a happy progress ;
but It led us also into new faults. One finds no
longer the same submission ; nothing has any
longer the same state. Troubles of a new kind
have been produced by the formerly. un-
known conflict of political opinions; and while
the safety. of the State and public tranquillity arc
exposed to more dangers the suppression of them
has lost in quickness and .even in strength, hy the
guarantees granted to the liberty of the indivi-
dual. One can no longer govern mankind itz the
same manner. The means of gaining influence
over the people, the greatest result which a Go-
vernment can attain, have suffered in an equal
degree. Religion and ,morality are- but a weak
aid to the laws ; public opinion, an entit'ely new
:ingredient in the social order, has acquired so
much consideration and power, that it has be-
come the rival of. the Government. Obedience,
.which now has tights, exerts itself to the utmost
to defend these rights. One may punish opposition,
-but it thews more ability to conquer it. .Power
may cause commands to be executed ; but the lan-
page of violence possesses but small considera-
tion if it is not supported by persuasion, and
founded on reason. In order to be heard by the
several parties, it is necessary to go into those
passions, to speak to each in its own language.—
There is no longer any universal eloquence.
Amidst so many difficulties the Police have need
of new means and enconragement. Though in ge-
neral its sphere of action is extended, there were
points when we made it unnecessary. Of what use
to the Royal Government is that uneasy and petty
ransack into domestic relations, inconsiderate ex-
pressions, and even scandal, Which -.no law can
punish
In our days, the question is no longer to seek
out the dissatisfaction of single individuals, and
even bold expressions. There is more toleration
in. our manners than formerly. Public liberty has
become, as one may say, a T4CW conscience, to
which one cannot do violence ; it serves as a bul-
wark to the freedom of opinions. To he observ-
ed, however, are durance, intrigue, and partici).
elderly strength. Espoinage must not violate the
asylum of the citizen ; hut whatever elevation of
civil society the plan of a crime may have origi-
nated, the assistants necessary for its execution
will suffice to discover it, and these are not to be
Sound at that elevation.

People justly complain of the violation of the
secrets of private correspondence. 'This measure
at police is odious and useless, when known. I
have constantly rejected it. It was invented by
weak heads, who, were not sensible of the extent
of the means which they had at their command.
With what remirviie.s. did the Yoli,ee then oc-
ropy itself ? With seeking after the misdemea-
nours atyl crimei named in the laWs. What re-
sult does it honour ? When it accords to the first
causes which front day to day increase the pro-
gress of immorality; if it discovers the most in-
considerable movements, which threaten public
disorder; if it succeeds in getting acquainted with
the wants of the people, the object of its uneasi-
ness, the motives of its fears, the secret coin-
plaints and discontents, which show that its fide-
lity is shaken, but particularly those dreadful ex-
pressions of misery and despair, which, as ter-
rible in individuals as in the mass of the people,
rapidly conduct weak men to eritnes,and corrupted
nations to rebellion.

go be coniinued,)

FRENCH PAPERS,
[RECEIVED THIS MORNING.)

PAats, Auo. 18.—M. Waters is appointed Pre-
fect of La Vendk, and M. Pepin of La Creuse.
His Majesty, moved by the misfortunes of a
part of the Department of the Isere, occasioned
by the overflowing of several rivers, has given
to the inhabitants 50,000 franks from his privy
purse.

Tunis appears to the English much more dif-
ficult to ►lestroy than Algiers. The fortifications
of the former city extend a league in circumference.
The city lies two leagues off the sea, with which
it communicates by means of a lake navigable only
for boats. The Goleta is the principle point of
dehisce. The opinion of the English is, that if
Tunis is -destroyed there will no longer be any
shelter fur the Barbary ships.
Ana. 17.---The King, informed that M. Mille-
voye had left a widow and two children destitute,
has continued the same pension of 1200 francs to
Mad. Millevoyc which he had grunted to her hus-
b►►nd.

Tim Duke of Cambridge is expected at Paris
on the 20th of this month.

Joseph Nciq, a Scotch Protestant, belonging
to the 71st English infantry, has just abjured,
and embraced the Catholic religion.

COURT OF CASA4TION,

The Court gave judgment yesterday upon the
appeal of the persons who were declared guilty,
by the Court of Assize* at /Curies, of having been
concerned in the assassination of the Itoyal Volun-
teers on the 11th of April. 1815.
The eight condemned to death are :--Jeanne
Delhi, Jon 11(03pn, hopes Boissun, Wizabetik