The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-19 00:00:00

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‘..."FRIDAY
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• itg N
• D DECEMBraI-t, 19, 1815.

ROYAL NORTHERN LUNATIC ASYLUM.
REPORT by the COUNTY COMMITTEE, as presented to
the General Meeting of Subscribers, held within the Castle of Inver-
ness, upon the 14th November, 1845. •
The increasing prevalence of Itmacy through the county of:lnver-
ness, and the obligation-upon, the local authorities, to confine at the
'expense_ of the parish of domicile, all persons thus dangerously
afflicted,. compelled this project as a matter of ordinary prudence, and
apart from all consideration of general philanthropy. Accordingly,
at the Annual County Meeting of the 30th April, 1843, the project
was submitted to the public. It was resolved to endeavour to afford
the benefit of the Institution to all the northern, counties, standing,
as they did, under circumstances of equal necessity ; and a Committee
was appointed to solicit subscriptions on this enlarged and general
footing. They commenced their duties ; but circumstances for some
time were adverse t• and they had the deep misfortnne to lose, almost
at the outset of their labours, one of their most influential, zealous,
and valued members, by the sudden death of Mr. Fraser, of Newton.
Keenly- alive to the true, benevolence of the undertaking, he was
lending it the liberal assistance of his example and of his energies up
to the_ period of his death ; and that melancholy event naturally
affected, for a time; the exertions of those associated with him in the
Committee. Thus the project remained in temporary abeyance. But
it seemed soon evident that unless active measures were again re-
sorted to, there could be no reasonable anticipation of a successful
issue. .41 public meeting of the heritors, magistrates, and clergy, was
called accordingly, upon the 10th day of December, 1844, and the
necessity of an immediate canvass was admitted, and pressed upon
the Acting Committee. They undertoOk the task. The funds at that
date amounted to 1,5001., and to-day they stand on the list as 4,7001.
This sum is almost entirely the result of private contribution ; for
only one parish, that of Ilornoch, in Sutherland, has entered a sub-
scription, kmd only one pnblic body, the Caledonian Bank of Inver-
ness, has,given a contribution ;—the parish of Dornoch has taken one
share of 211. ;- The Caledonian Bank has given a subscription of one
hundred guineas:** Apart;Andeed, from these two sums, the contri-
butions-have -been entirely from the hand of private benevolence.
The town and tteighbourhood -of Inverness have given most liberally,
and many of the distriets.of,the coun.ty..with an equal hand. Under
very trifling exceptions, the Committee have, as yet, bean prevented
frOm prosecuting their solicitations throughout the northern counties.
Several; hoWeVer; bf the most influentlaproprietors of the north are
amongst the contributors ; and this circumstance warrants the hope
that the canvass which is to be immediately commenced may be suc-
cessful. The Committee, through two of their number, have applied
for subscriptions in Edinburgh, Glasgow; Liverpool, _Manchester, and.
London, confining, unless in one or two instances, their application to
'those connected *by birth,--or ProfessidlY,- bf itade, vr ith the northern
.counties: They regret to • say that ther /Idled in many quarters
where they had the best reason to 'anticipate success ; but, again,
there were instances where the claim.of enlarged benevolence, apart
from any local feeling,. was , willingly admitted. There were indi-
viduals who appeared_to consider it a privilege to have an opportunity
of contributing to an obleet tending so obviously to alleviate the
miseries of the poor.
Such, then; is the amount of the' realised finds, and such is the
source-from which they have been to.a very considerable degree de-
rived. The Committee have no hesitation in stating to the sub-
scribers their belief that the subscription will be soon considerably
augmeAled. An impertant addition may be reasonably anticipated
from the northem'counties, and the result of an influential communi-
cation with India may be looked for with confidence. In closing this
part of the subject, the Committee have to mention that, whilst in
London, they had the advantage of communicating with the Lord
Advocate upon. the proposed scheme.;—that his Lordship became
himself a subscriber, and that he obtained for the Institution the
benefit of the royal patronage. It is hoped that such royal counte-
nance may be the means of assisting the subscription in directions
where otherwise it might not have penetrated. In any event, it in-
vests the undertaking with an additional Interest and importance, and
guarantees to the public an efficient. constitution and management
—requiring as it dpes that that constitution shall receive the approval
of the
-high officers of the Crown.
The Committed have made it their endeavour to obtain the best
advice as to-the' site of the' proposbd Institution. They have re-
quested the assistance of -Dr. Malcolm, of Perth, a gentleman emi-
nent in-the treatment of the insane, and whose opinions were ma-
tured during an extensive continental tour amongst similar institu-
tions,-preparatory teihe erection of Murray's Asylum, in the neigh-
bourhood of Perth, with Which he has been from its erection, and
still is, intimately connected. He selected four sites as eligible—one
on the property of Mr. Baillie, the proprietor pf Culdathel ; another
on that of Mr. Mackintosh; of Raigmore ; a third at the Hut of
Health, on the estate of lushes ; and a fourth on the lands of
Charleston, the property of 31fr. Baillie, of. Dochfour. With the first
of these proprietors, Mr. Bantle, of Colduthel, the Committee have
been in communication; 'but the terms of feu demanded by him are
quite Impracticable, and therefore the site upon his property adjoin-
ing the Quarry,- and close to the marsh with the Raigmore lands, is
out of the question. - The Committee have also communicated with
Mr. Mackintosh, .but without any result—that gentleman requiting
to know from,_th,em the amount of feu that will be given, and the
Committee naturally enough begging to be informed what is to be
asked ; and here' the negotiation stands with Mr: Mackintosh. Of
course it will be' the duty of the subscribers immediately to open
a communication with Mr. Robertson, of Inshes, and Mr. Baillie, of
Dochfour, and thereafter to select from those equally eligible sites
that which may .be obtained upon the most eligible terms.
In these circumstances of realised funds and anticipated increase,
the County Committee have considered themselves required to delay
no longer the commencement of the Institution. The necessity for
its erection is'every day forcing it self upon their attention." The num-
ber of lunatics confined at the expense of the several parishes is every
day increasing, and-the -operation of the New Poor-law Bill must
necessarily add to the number. That Bill directs a course by which
reluctant parishes may be compelled to the humanity of providing
sufficient accommodation for their lunatic poor ; but it affords no
assistance towards securing such-accommodation. The more stringent
the obligation upbn paribhes; the more important to them should be
the erection of a local and inexpensive Institution, such as that pro-
posed. • This is obvious, • and will undoubtedly force itself upon the
understanding of all such burdened parishes.
The Committee, impressed with these important considerations,
submit their proceedings to the general subscribers, and suggest
that, without' any delay, the necessary steps should be taken for the
orgaiiiiatiorr of the Asylum,

They cannot close the account of their proceedings without ex-
pressing the obligation under which the Institution is placed to se-
veralgentlemen in the south.connected with this part of the country.
In Glasgow, Mr. Leith, formerly inspector of the Caledonian Banking
Company, most efficiently assisted the canvass ; and in London the
same beneficial office was 'with equal liberality discharged by Mr.
Mackenzie, American merchant, and by Mr. Macgregor, of Cheap-
side.' To Mr. Young, of The Sun newspaper, the cause is eminently
indebted, for the liberality with which he uniformly admitted the
necessary advertisements in a free and prominent access to the co-
lumns of his important journal.
Reported by
W. 11. COLQUITOTTN, Convener of the County Committee.
Total amount of subscriptions as at this (tato 1,673/. las-,-
Xt c;ctreravazeottruz -orthe Siibstribers towards—Mt erection-WV

Lunatic Asylum at Inverness for the benefit of ale northern
counties, called by advertisement, held on the 14th Nov., 1845,
WILLIAM FRASER TYTLER, Esq., Vice-Lieutenant of the
County, Chairman ;
The Chairman having addressed the meeting, moved the following
resolution, which was unanimously agreed to :

" That the following noblemen and gentlemen be now appointed a
Committee, with power to them to nominate from their own number
a Sub Committee, for the management of all matters connected
with the erection and establishmint of the Northern Lunatic

,kxylum, and, in particular, to draw up rules and regulations, to be
sub'nitted to a General Meeting of Subscribers, to be held at In-
verneig, on the earliest day in January next that the Committee may
appoint—Mr. Colquhoun, convener."

INVERNESS-SHIRE.
SUBSCRIBEas of 501. AND SUBSCRIBERS UNDER 501.
UPWARDS.. W. H. Colquhoun, Esq., S.S.
The Bight Lion. the Earl of Sea- Provost Sutherland
field , _ J. M. Grant, Esq., of Glenmoriston

The Right 'loll, Lord Salteun J. M. Grant, Esq., Joint-Convener
The Right Hon. LCTd Lovat of the county
H. J. Bailey, Esq., M..r: for the Thos. Ogilvie, Esq., ditto
county J. B. Fraser, Esq., of Reelick
J. Morrison, Esq., M.P. for the D.Grant, Esq., of Bught
burgh , Forbes, Esq., of Culloden
Wm. Fraser Tytler, Esq., pf Bal- J. Ross, Esq., Berbice Cottage
nain Dr. J. I. Nicol
The Mackintoih Patrick Grant, Esq„ Ballifeary_

J. E. Baillie, Esq., of Culduthel. IC.Waterstom:Esq.; manager for

the Caledonian Bank
J. Mackenzie, Esq., banker
Alex. Forbes, Esq., chemist.
ROSS AND CROMARTY.

Sir J. J. R. Mackenzie, Bart., of SLr. Hugh Fraser, of Braelangwell,
Scatwell K.C.B.
The. Hon. Mrs. Stewart Mackenzie, P. Davidson, Esq., of Tulloch,
of Seafoith I Convenor of the county
J. Matheson, Esq., of Achany, T. Mackenzie, Esq., of Ord
M.P. John Hay Mackenzie, Esq., of
Col. Baillie, of Redcastle, M.P. Cromartie
T. Mackenzie, Esq., of Applecross, Dr. J. Mackenzie, Kinellan

M.P. for the county . D. Kennedy, Esq., of Bogbain
A. Matheson, Esq., of Ardintoul. Igeorge Cameron, Esq., Sheriff-
, Substitute, Dingwall.
SUTHERLANDSHIRE.
His Grace the puke of SutherlandiJames Loch, Esq., M.P.

David Dundas, Esq., M.P. for thelGeorge Gunn, Esq., factor for the

of Hem]

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION,
A Lecture on the PREVALENT DISEASE in POTATOES,
and the Means of extracting the Starch as an Article of Food, will
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Professor Dachoffuer's varied Lectures, with experiments, in one
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Lvi. The colossal Horse, GENERAL WASHINGTON, the pro-
perty of Mr. Carter, the Lion King, has been visited by many thou-
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who have declared that he is the most extraordinary horse in the
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this remarkable animal General Washington is the largest horse in
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hundred pounds.

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EXAMPLES.

1 '
0111 • 1 !
, ,ot „r, .-+ ._, . 9 er•
V,91. 4 to 41 g
nouns Bonus in pii p .0 ~., ir !D
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cn 0 , Premium. 2 i
(~ 0-.. 5 ! added. Cash. g &0 .1
pipe. AP lc
. • i I or. 7. 0 0
~ 4p
xi _ £ s: d. 1837 £l9l 13 5 £B7 13 5 £l3 17 1 £395 Il 1
60 1000 .74 3 4 1838 - 165 13 0 • 74 13 10 11 8 6 346 -2 3
I - I -• . 1839. 158 13 6-61 14 3 92 10 296 13 4
. . 1840 . 89 0 0 41 13 4 6 0 0 247 4 8

Tae dixision of profits is annual, and the next will be nude in De-
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DR. CULVER WELL ON MARRIAGE,
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OPENING OF THE PORTS.
GREAT FREE-TRADE DEMONSTRATION IN
HULL.
(Abridged from the Hull Advertiser.)
A meeting of the merchants, shipowners, traders, and
ether inhabitants of the town of Bull, convened by the
Mayor in pur, uance of a requisition, to which was at-
tached the signatures of 136 of the most respectable and
influential of the borough, was held at the
Town-ball on Monday la,t, for the purpose of praying
her Majesty to be pleased to order the ports to be throws
op, n for the importation of food. The meeting, which
was most runner, iusl v and respectably attended, wa , pre-
sided over by John i=iresham, Esq., the Mayor.
The first resolution was proposed by Mr. Alderman
THO3IPSON, and having been i seconded by the Rev, J. H.
138o:why. Vicar of Bull, wits unanimously adopted. It
was to the effect that the meeting viewed with serious
alarm the failure or the crops, and that it consequently
became the duty of the Government to adopt every means
for the prevention of the evil results likely to arise
fr.,m it.
Dr. Gonnoer moved a resolution to the effect that
dearth and scarcity of food diminished eMployment, en-
gendered disease, and increase I crime among the work-
ing classes, which was seconded by the Rev. M. SIBREE,
and carried amidst loud cheers.
The next resolution, advocating the opening of the
ports by an Order in Council, to be followed by an Act
of the Legislature permitting the free importation of
human food, was moved by Mr. Alderman ATEINSON,
and seconded by Mr. Councillor SlssassoN, and carried
with acclamation.
HENRY BLUNDELL, Esq., moved that a loyal and
dutiful address be presented to her Majesty, imploring
ner to permit the ports to be thrown open, and to cause
the immediate assembling of Parliament, for the pur-
pose of abolishing all restrictive duties on the importa-
tion of food. The motion was seconded by J. JONES,
Esq., the ex-Mayor, and carried nest. con.
E. F. Comess, Esq. (Editor of the Bull Advertiser),
proposed the adoption of the following memorial:—
" TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
" Most Gracious Sovereign,
" We, your Majesty's dutiful and loyal subjects, the
inhabitants of the borough of Kingston-upon-Hull, in
public meeting assembled, viewing with serious alarm
the state in which this country is placed by the general
failure of the potato crop, which constitutes the prin-
cipal food of several millions of the working classes in
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and
the proved deterioration of all descriptions of grain, and
being apprehensive that the scarcity and dearness of all
description of food produced in these islands will cause
an imminent amount of suffering among the poorer
classes of your Majesty's people before the ensuing
harvest, most humbly approach your Majesty, as the
fountain of justice and the hope of your people, in this
their season of imminent peril. We would most humbly
but most earnestly remind your Majesty that dearth and
scarcity of food are proved by the experience of the past
to diminish employment, to render property insecure, to
excite discontent, to engender disease, -to increase crime
among the labouring classes. We, therefore, most
humbly pray your Majesty to suspend, by the merciful
exercise of your Majesty's royal prerogative, the
operation of the corn-laws, by commanding the ports of
the United Kingdom to be thrown open for the impor-
tation of all descriptions of food, free of duty, and by
summoning Parliament together for the immediate
repeal of those laws, and fur the removal of all legal re-
strictions upon the free importation of food for the sus-
tenance of all classes of your loyal subjects."
The Rev JAMES ACPINALL, Rector of Althorpe, Lin-
colnshire, on rising to second the motion, was received
with tremendous cheering, which lasted several minutes.
After the applause had subsided, he proceeded to say—
Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, these are eventful and im-
portant times. The breaking up of the late Ministry—
(Che6-s)—l never used the word late with so much
pleasare before—cannot fail to precipitate a crisis in
which all our watchfulness and all our exertions will be
required, that we may neither be baffled by open
enemies, nor over-reached by false friends who may
desert to us from the hostile camp. I rejoice, therefore,
to see this meeting. The struggle with monopoly is not
over, whether Sir Robert Peel is meditating treason to
it, or is only dreaming of once more modifying it to a
less repulsive form. In either case it is only scotched,
not killed. But Ido not believe the rumours which give
him to us as a total repealer, and claim for him the
honour of martyrdom. I regard them as inventions
cunningly devised, and industriously circulated by the
enemy to throw you off your guard, and sa lull you into
security and consequent inactivity. lam glad, then, to
find that you are not the sort of birds to be caught by
such chaff.—(Cheers and laughter.) For my part, lam
here to-day from the conviction that, when distress be-
gins in Lancashire, prosperity will not abide very long in
Lincolnshire, and that when the profits of cotton fall off,
the interests of corn will beVeatly damaged. In short,
as an agriculturist, I am always most anxious to see
the masses in the trading and manufacturing districts
obtain " a fair day's work " to make the hungry,
and " a lair day's wages " wherewithal to buy the
food which we supply. But it will, perhaps, be as well if
I commence my remarks to you with briefly stating the
results, as far as they can be yet ascertained, of the
harvest and potato crop in our part of the country. With
regard to the former, that is, the wheat harvest, although
much inferior to that of last year which, if I may so say,
was next door to a miracle, it is but little below an
average, and small complaints would have been heard
about it bat for the sad and awful failure of the potato
crop. On this point, lam sorry to say, exaggeration is
almost impossible. But what is, perhaps, the worst
feature of all, and must tell tremendously before another
harvest is, that we have the phenomenon of low prices,
encouraging consumption, with an ascertained scarcity,
the farmers being anxious to sell, at any price, such part
of their produce as they dare not risk the keeping of for
fear of the disease reaching it. I need hardly observe
that the result of these things must create a gap in the
food of the country which it will be quite im-
possible for the produce of the wheat harvest to
supply, and which must, therefore, help to accelerate
the approach of that crisis under the fear of which we
are here assembled. But, before I go further into the
subject, I have a little scolding and grumbling and some
of our friends to get over, in which, I hope, when you
hear the purport of it, you will heartily join me. The
country has had a bitter lesson during the last few
weeks. I trust that it may be a salutary one. Before
that period darkened in upon us, it had become the
fashion of many speakers and writers on our side ,of the
question to be constantly telling us that Sir Robert Peel
was an excellent free-trader, and would, in time, do
everything for us. For myself, I must say that I always
considered such persons to be very original eulogists of
the late Premier ; for their compliment to him, when
translated into plain English, could mean nothing else
but that they regarded him as the veritable and amiable
snake warmed and cherished in the bosom of monopoly
only to sting it to death.—(Loud cheers.) Now, I do nut
think that this strange trust in Sir Robert Peel has yet
affected the self-reliance or diminished the efforts and
energies of any of the free-trade party. But its ten-
dency, if persovered in, would be to produce such an
effect. You may depend upon it that any seeming bias
which you may ever have perceived in him towards your
principles has been the result of your self-reliance.
But if you ever go to sleep, and allow it to be the substi-
tute for it, it will become " fine by degrees and beauti-
fully less," until it altogether vanishes from your view ;
that is, if the monopolists had brought the greatest
pressure to bear upon the late Minister, he would, I verily
believe, have remained with the monopolists ; but, as it
happened that the free-traders produced this greatest
pressure, he has come over to free trade, or to some
approximation towards it, of which we do not know the
exact degree yet.—(Cheers.) You will probably recol-
lect in your miscellaneous reading to have met with an
account of an elderly gentleman, Mr. Bold, who once, as
he returned a young lady's glove, which she had acci-
dentally dropped, thus tenderly addressed her—
"lf from glove you take the letter G,
You make it love—that's what 1 feel for thee ;"
to which this sad rejoinder instantly came forth—
" And if from bold you take the letter B,
You'd make it old, and that won't do for me."
And I would try it a third time, and put it—
" And if from Peel you take the letter P,
You make it eel, and that's too slippery for me."
That is, I have not yet admitted him into my Book of
Martyrs.—(Renewed laughter.) But then comes the
question, which has often been asked of the good-natured
people of whom I speak—" Are you not satisfied with
what Sir Robert Peel has done for trade ? Did he not
take the duties off four hundred and thirty articles all at
once at the beginning of this very year?' To be sure
he did. But it must be recollected, that if (to use a
commercial phrase) he is a free-trader in the sample, ha
is, or was very lately, still a monopolist in the bulk.
He abandoned, it is true, four hundred and thirty poor,
innocent, pigmy monopolies, which nobody felt, - and
which nobody, therefore, complained about, but he still
upheld the two giants, the Gog and Magog of monopoly,
sugar and corn—(Loud cheers)—in all the immensity of
their oppressive weight. But enough of this. I will
only ask, in connexion with it, have we not leaders of
our own, without everlastingly coquetting with one who
has always shown himself to be, and, I believe, still is,
the most sagacious champion of monopoly ? Have we
not all the tried men of the League ?—(Loud cheers.)
Have we not Mr. Macaulay?—(Renewed cheering.)
Ilas not a Morpeth just thrown in his time-honoured
name to take his part and lot with us ?—(Tremendous
cheers.) And what other war-cry is that raised in the
forefront of the battle? It passes from mouth, and cheers
from mouth to mouth, and cheers us with the certainty
of success, as it tells that the hero of a hundred fleas
and of a hundred victories in the political struggle has
joined us, and unfurled the pure and unsullied banner
of the house of Russell at our head. Let us, then, I say
again, place all our trust in self-reliance, union, and our
own exertions, and cast off altogether the foolish thought
of confiding in the abduction, by expediency, of Sir
Robert Peel, and his being compelled by the force of
circumstances to become the unwilling stepfather of tree
trade.—(Cheers and laughter.) But I will now go on
to consider whether, through the gloom which is upon
us, we may not See brighter prospects yet in store for
the country. And, first of all, let me fix your attention
on what I consider to be a very encouraging sign for
our cause. Its enemies have laid aside all their old
arguments against it. Not that they have got any better
or stronger instead of them, but the old ones are aban-
doned as no longer tenable.. There is, for instance, the

nee est of all—the ducal one, which says, " Never mind
corn, but stick to curry powder."—(Laughter.) Again,
at one of their meetings, not very long. ago, it was urged
that no fault whatever rested with the corn-laws, but
that much of obloquy 'and odium was brought upon
them by the iniquitous bakers, who would charge such
enormous and unreasonable prices for their bread.—
(Cheers and laughter.) Fortunate bakers! that theydo
not live in Constantinople, where the Turks cheapen
leaves by cutting off the bakers' ears, and, sometimes,
their h eads.— (Ron ewed laughter.) Another mode of
endeavouring to keep monopoly out of sight is, fer its
edveeates to maintain a perpetual outcry on the subje•et
of the miseries of the w eking clas,es in the tradi: g
and manufacturing distrii s. But as this has been al-
ready most expressively.detined, by a leading organ of
Toryism itself, as " factious benevolence," I shall not
spoil the picture by adding one word of my own to it.
But the most extraordinary substitute for an argument
in behalf of monopoly which I have yet seen was cue
which I met with a short time since in an agri-
celtural journal, in which it was urged that the
corn and sugar monopolies had just as good a
claim as the national debt upon the taxation of the
country, and that, consequently, to assail the former
rMS to threaten the latter with the sponge..
Never was a more, absurd proposition put forth
by the simplicity of man.—(Hear, hear.) What is the
national debt ? It is the representative of money lent by
private individuals to the state, and, until the capital is
repaid, the interest must be regularly forthcoming to
those who, confiding in the national faith, have trust, d
their money to the country instead of investing it in
other securities. Now, what claim have the monopolists
equal to this ? Have they lent any money to the
nouistry ?—(Luud cries of " Hear, hear.") At what time
and to what amount ? When did the transaction take
place, and how was the sum borrowed expended by us ?
Until we know all these particulars, we shall demur to
the alleged debt, and continue to believe that our ideal
creditors have been oftener borrowers than lenders ;
more frequently receivers than givers.—(Hear, hear.)
But did you observe the very revolutionary hint about the
sponge and the national debt in the argument of the cham-
pion of monopoly ? Really I was not prepared to ex-
pect anything so bad as this even in such a very unscru-
pulous quarter.—(Laughter.) My faith in Toryism, small
as it ever was, is now utterly gone. When the magistrate
turn©d over the exciseman to the tender mercies of the
infuriated mob, his measured hint against violence was
contained in the words, " There is the pump, but on no
account put him under it." And what says the Tory
scribe in this instance ? " There stands the national
debt, and here is the sponge ; but be sure you do not let
the one come in contact with the other."—This is posi-
tively monstrous. What enormity Toryism may next
contemplate in its onward progress it is impossible even
to guess. All good citizens must be prepared to check
and counteract its revolutionary and anarchical tendencies.
Repeal the corn-laws, and you give a new lease of vi-
tality to the commerce and manufactures of the coun-
try, and render trade trade indeed, and no longer a
mere speculation. Repeal the corn-laws, and you make
the world the market of England, and England the
workshop of the world.—(Hear, hear.) Repeal the corn -
law's, and you fill every sea with our ships, and every
land with our goods. Repeal the corn laws, and what I
look at most in the whole struggle, you will give labour
constant and steady employment, and so rescue it from
those periodical battlings with famine to which it is now
exposed as often as a failing harvest comes round, with,
first, stagnation, and then panic in its train.—(Loud
cheers.) Whatever the timid and impatient may say to
the contrary, I think that our cause is advancing steadily
and surely towards success. I point to all the little
nothings and the almost as little somethings which the
late Ministers have grugdingly conceded to the principles
of free- trade, to their amended tariff, to their altered corn-
laws. These, be they ever so trifling in themselves, and,
as I said before, ever so unwillingly or ever so craftily
yielded, are still to be hailed as so many straws, so many
pilot balloons, sent up to try the current of public opinion,
and indicating that, whenever " the pressure from
without" shall be strong enough to insist, in the name of
the people of England, upon a repeal of the corn-laws,
the thing will be done, let who will hold sway in Downs
ing-stree t. But, while speaking of these things, let us
give praise to those to whom praise is due.—(Cheers.)
In all that the late Premier yielded to the demand for
free-trade, he did but feebly and poorly imitate the an-
nounced policy of the Ministers whom, in his struggle for
place and not for principle, he so treacherously drove out
for avowing those very tendencies to which he has since,
in part. given practical effect. This, I am aware, is a very
sore point both with Sir Robert Peel and his more im-
mediate followers. " Sir Robert adopts free trade in
imitation of the Melbourne Administration ;" they in-
dignantly exclaim, " He was always a free trader, and
his policy was his own, and borrowed from no one else."
Now, if it be correct. that he was always a free- twler,
he mnet tare kept the see-ref adirffrably for many years
of his life, so much se, indeed, that our merchants and
manufacturers have a right to put the question to him—
" "r is true that, you say, you dissembled your love,
But why did you kick us down stairs ?"—(Laughter.)
And then, again, as to the assertion that his policy was
his own; who doubts it? Do you? Do I? Does any-
body ?
"The golden hair that Galla wears
Is her's : who would have thought it?
She swears 'tis hers; and true she swears,
For I know where she bought it."
—(Laughter.) But, perhaps, it may be said that, al-
though the small concessions made by Sir Robert Peel
to the principle of free-trade, are, whatever may have
been his motive, good, so far as they go, still they are not
to be received as positive signs and symptoms that the
monopolists are prepared to abandon the corn-laws. Not
if they can help it, certainly. But you shonld know your
men better—you should know both them and your-
selves, both their strength and your strength, better. The
people of England will bear much and long. They are
a people little addicted to change, and only driven to it
by the most exasperating stimulants. But when once
they feel that right and justice are with them, and
their hearts are up and determined upon victory,
they will be more than a match for any Ministry
which, in the vicissitudes of the struggle upon which we
are entering, the monopolists may pick and cull to their
own satisfaction and pit against them. Up to a very recent
period all was well with us. The country was prosperous
and happy. Providence had overruled the blunders and
ignorance of men, and two bounteous harvests had coun-
teracted the mischievous working of class legislation. A
wise statesman would, like Joseph preparing in the
years of plenty for the years of famine, have taken ad-
vantage of such a period, and smoothed the way for the
next scarcity in our own crops, whenever there
should be a change of the seasons, and they
should leave the Ministerial benches to go into Opposi-
tion. But what was Sir Robert Peel doing all this time?
He was watching over the food monopoly until very
lately with careful tenderness, as if it were the proudest
monument of his legislative wisdom, and not only that,
but, as if anxious to " make hay while the sun shone,"
for the Chancellor of the Exchequer, he crowned the ex-
periment upon John Bull's patience, good-nature, and
gullibility, with the pleasant addition of the income-
tax (Hear, hear) thus employing the time for
averting another commercial crisis in rendering a
commercial crisis more certain and inevitable than ever.
But what security had we for the continuance of this
state of things ? Was Sir Robert Peel regent over the
barometer ? Was he master of the seasons ? Could
he nail the weathercock in any particular quarter ?
Could he give up any guarantee for a farther series of
good harvests ?—(Cheers.) Not he. Well, then, what
followed ? Our prosperity being only a fair-weather
prosperity, we felt that we must abide the issue in fear
and trembling, as men who knew that the first short or
failing harvest would scatter all our delightful dreams
and golden prospeCts to the winds.—(liear, hear.) When-
ever it comes, we said to ourselves, the averages will
begin to creep up, as they are doing now. Anxiously and
feverishly will they be watched from many a quarter of
the country. At last they will be dangerously high.
Then there will be a whisper in the Bank parlour warn-
ing the directors that it is time to be preparing for the
coming storm. The country banks, taking the hint from
head-quarters, will catch the infection, and become
equally cautious. The accounts of their customers will be
searchingly looked into. "Pay up" will be the order of
the day. Money will be scarce; business will stagnate;
confidence and credit will depart. There will be a
smash, and a crash, far, wide, and sweeping, through
the trading and manufacturing districts. What of rail-
read shares then? what of them now, at only " the begin-
ning of the end?" But what of' them then, when the
end itself is upon us? What of bank shares? What of
the shipping interest? What of business in all its branches,
when many a gallant bark of enterprise shall be engulfed
in the troubled waters on which it rode so gloriously
before—(Loud cries of "Hear, hear ")—and there shall
be more return bills than profits, and more bank-
ruptcies than successful speculations? There will be
broken fortunes and blasted hopes ; blighted prospects
and withered hearts ; there will be woe, and wailing,
and lamentation in the land ; there will be mills stopped.
and the industrious thrown out of work ; the ruin of the
employer will be starvation of the employed—(Hear)—
poverty and hunger will again raise their demon
front, and once more strew with shrieking victims
the path by which monopoly. drags its triumphal
car to the Juggernaut of its idolatry.—Cheers.)
Then, perhaps, the Premier—yes, be he the Duke
of Richmond or the Duke of Wellington himself—
will learn tardy and bitter wisdom ; and, feeling the
state vessel reeling and staggering beneath him, think
at last of lightening the ship by resting overboard the
weight of monopoly under which she is sinking.—
(Cheers.) But I trust that the people of England will
not wait for-the full return of such a crisis, in all its ter-
rific and whirlwind, fury. I trust that they will say,
" Overboard it must go, even now, and the crew and cap-
tain with it." Aye, let the whole " organised hypocrisy"
go together. lam forgetting. It is gone, and, I trust,
never to return. We have a new pilot, as well as a new
policy.—(Cheers.) We have regained the advocates of free
institutions to be the advocates of free-trade. Let the
country uphold them in the good work ; let the country
raise its voice that it may be done now, while, compa-
ratively speaking, the calm lasts—before excitement again
occupies the place of judgment, and passion usurps the
throne of reason.—(Hear, hear.) And for whose ad-
vantage is all that ruin of which I have spoken to
be perpetuated ? I disclaim all benefit to be derived
from it on the part of the landed interest.—(lL:ar,
hear.) I repudiate the very idea of the monopoly being
!qt.'

'
,

e:
a girstrio us or a protection. Consumption is our best
protection.—(Loud cries of "Mar.") We must tale care
of our customers if we want to take care of oursel-
We cannot attract custonsea
We cannot empty their
rich by filling their ins
body of the landowners,
fears as to the effect upor
sion of foreign corn um
believe them to be wrong.
.supply, while they ough t to
steady demand, the there:
which the more trade of
the working classes, by br
when, as Dickens somewh. express,_ would
happily come round to them as regularly as dinner-
time.—(Cheers.) But supposing, for the sake of argu-
ment, that prices would nut exactly maintain the height
at which they now range one year Kith another in this
country, the landowners should, as another item in their
calaulations, ask themselves, where and at what prices,
and, consequently, rents will be, when monopoly, if
long maintained, has ruing d oar best caw turners, the
insnufacturing and trading poptilation?—(Cries of
" Hear, hf ar.") Oar chief object, as wise Hen, should
be to consult and legislate for the prosperity of our cuss
tomers, and, in so doing, to look, if I may draw such a
distinction, not at first consequences, but final conse-
quences. To act otherwise, is to let the ship founder,
rather than save her, by incurring the cost of cutting
away the masts. It is to suffer your house to burn to
the ground without interruption, lest, if you bhould send
for the engines, they might, in cxringuishing the flames,
injure your best bed, damp your Turkey carp( t, or take
the shine out of the French polish of your drawing-roam
furniture.—(Loud cheers.) But I withdraw the supposi-
tion that, under any circumstances, English agriculture
will suffer froth free trade. I have every trust, as I said
before, iu the increased consumption which it must bring
with it, and I have all faith in English agriculture itself.
With the security of long leases—(hear, hear)—with
the game thinned—(Cheers)—with practical science
daily increasing, and with more labour brought to the
cultivation of the land, I feel confident that the British
farmer, as well as the British manufacturer, may safely
defy the competition of the world. But while we, with
our finite intellect, are endeavouring to calculate, to the
shadow of a fraction, the results of free-trade to our par-
ticular interest, a third panty steps in and turns the scale
at once for us. It is eternal justice, and it rests its
appeal to us upon that golden precept, which is the
essence of all practical Christianity, and which teaches
us that "we should do unto others as we would that
others should do unto us." But Ihave done. From
what was once deemed to be an impossibility, our cause
has advanced, first of all, to possibility, then front poxes
sibility to probability, from probability to certainty, and
from one certainty to another, until the hour of its
triumph cannot now be far off.—(Cheers.) It is true
that the fortress of monopoly still stands before us seem-
ingly in all its dark and gloomy strength. But fate no
longer frowns upon us from its its banners. Its towers
and all its bulwarks are undermined. Its defenders,
some from fear, some from shame, and some, let us
hope, from conviction, are gradually deserting its walls.
A few more strokes from the battering-ram of truth, and
all will sink into the dust together. Then will be the
real jubilee of mankind.--(Cheers.) Then will people
congratulate people, as the loud huzza spreads from land
to land, until it reaches the ends of the earth. "Mono-
poly is fallen, and trade is free." That would be, in-
deed, music for the million. 0! that the day may soon
be here, when it shall be chanted forth in a grand chorus
of all the nations of the world! "Monopoly is fallen,
and trade is free." After seconding the adoption of the
memorial, the Rev. Gentleman resumed his seat amidst
peals of applause, which were several times renewed.
The memorial was agreed to, and, after voting thanks
to the Mayor, the meeting separated.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.
LIVERPOOL, DEC. 18.
STOCK EXCIPLAKGE.-The sales are-Birkenhead,. Lanca-
shire, and Cheshire, 21.. i p.-Cambridge and Lincoln, 1 p.
-Clydesdale Junction, 12:p.-Derby and Crewe, 2 p.-Fleet-
wood and West Riding, par-Grand Junction, 236-Ditto,
Quarter Shares, 33 p.-llitto, New Quarter Shares, 324 p.-
London and Birmingham, 210-Manchester, and Leeds,
Fifth Shares, 10 p.-Matlocki and Midland, 1 p.-North
Eastern, par-North Western, 1% p.-Sheflield and Man-
chester, Quarter Shares, No. 2, 4 p.-Shrewsbury and Here-
fordshire, 2s. bd.-South-Eastern and Dover, Consolidated
Thirds, Half Shares, Vs p.-Welsh Midland, %. dis.
Riding Union, 3% p.-Paris and Lyons (Lailitte), Is, ed. p.
MANCHESTER, DEc. 18.
STOCK EZCAINGE.-The sales are--Lancashire and North
Yorkshire, 425.-Manchester and Birmingliam,7o%-Prestoh
and Wyre, 31-Sheflield and Manchester, SA c.
LEEDS, Thec. 18.
STOCK EXCIIAXGE.-The sales are-Manchester and Leeds
Fifth Shares, 99713p.-Midland, 141-Leeds and Bradford,
18-IDitto, Extensions, 18-North British, New Carlisle
Branch, 24-London and York, 314- Ctunbridge and Lin-
coln, 31. 15s. 6d.-Direst Northern, I"ig inghamshire (late Rugby), 2s. 6d. dis.-Grand Union, sum. dis.-Lan-
cashire and North Yorkshire, par-Leeds and York, 10s. dis.
-Manchester, Buxton, Matlock, and Midland, 335. p.-
Northumberland and Lancalthire Junction, 10s. dis.-North
Western, 24-Wakefield and Harrogate, 2s. fah dis.
HULL, DEO. 18.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-hull and Selby
(10 per cent. guaranteed), 100-Great Grimsby and
Sheffield, Quarter Shares, 8%-North British, 22-Ditto,
Carlisle, 2-. Ditto, Dalkeith, 54;', -Dudley, Itadely, and Iron
Bridge, 375. 6d.-Goole, Doncaster. Sheffield, &c., 47,..-
Leicester and Bedibrd, 275.-Landon and York, 33j-Notting-
ham and Erewash, &c. 2%-Tean and Dove Valh y, 11/g,
BRISTOL, DEC. 18.
STOCK EXCITANGE.-The sales am-Bristol and 'Exeter.
New, 6-Bristol and South Wales Junction, 2%-Midland,
New, 241 A-South Devon, 26-Vale of Neath, 3%.
YORK, DEC. 18.
STOCK ExCIIANCE.-The sales are-York and North Mid-
land Extension, 25-Newcastle and Berwick, 11-North
British, Dalksith, 5%-llitto, New Carlisle Branch, 21.45.
-Grand Union, 14-Leicester and Bedford, 1/. 7s.
EDINI3URGII, Dec. 16.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Aberdeen, 41. 155.-
Aberdeen, Banff, and Elgin, 24-Airdrie and Bathgate.
24 Bs.-Arbroath and Forfar, 254-Ditto, Half Shares,
151.-Armagh and Portrush, 1/. 155.-Ayr and Dumfries, 24
lA-Ayr arid Galloway, 2/. U.-Banffshire, 21. 55.-Bel-
fast and County Down, 34-British and Irish Union, 2/.
18s.-Caledonian, ex new, 12/.-Caledonian Extension,'2l.
15s.- Caledonian and Dumbarton, 31.-Caledonian and North-
ern Direct, 24 lbs.-Cambridge and Lincoln, 41. 55.-Carn-
warth and West Linton, 1/. 105.-Chelmsford and Bury,
1/. 12s. 6d.-Clydesdale Junction, 191.-Cornwall and Devon,
21. Bs.-Deeside Railway, 5/. 10s.-Direct Northern, 24-
Dublin and Enniskillen, 4/. 7s. 6d.-Dundee and Arbroath,
351. 10s.-Ditto, New, 171.-Dundee and Forfar Junction,
2/. 17s. 6d.-Dundse and Perth, ex new, 71. -East Coast ct
Scotland, 21. 135.-East of Fife, 24 -East Lothian Central.
1/. 17s. 6d.-Edinburgh and Bathgate, 34-Edinburgh and
Glasgow, ex news, 684-Ditto, Half Shares, 1(3/. 10s.-llitto.
Quarters, 161. 10s.-llitto, ditto, New, M.-Edinburgh.
Glasgow, and Dumbarton, 18s.-Edinburgh and Leith At-
mospheric, 11. lbs.-Edinburgh and Leith Atmospheric
Direct, 1/. 155.-Edinburgh Leith, and Granton, 21/. 10s.-
Ditto, Preference, 18/. 10s.-!Edinburgh and Northern, 3/. 10s.
-Ditto, Newport, 14-Ditto, Lochgelly, 1/. 95.-Edinburgh
and Peebles, 24-Edinburgh and Perth, 41. 10s.-Edinburgh,
Portobello, and Musselburgh, 11. 145.-Forth and Clyde
Junction, 21. U.-Glasgow and Ayrshire, 704-Ditto, New
Stock, 231.-Ditto, Quarter Shares, 211. 12s. 6d.-Glasgow
and Belfast Union, 2/. 25.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and CarlisLa
2/. 45.-Glasgow and Garnkirk, 451.-Glasgow and Greenock;
211.-Ditto, New Stock, 101. 155.-Ditto, Preference, 21. Ss.
-Glasgow Harbour Grand Junction, 21. 10s.-Glasgow Har-
bour Mineral, 21. 195.-Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ardros-
san, 3/. 7s. 6d.-Glasgow, Strathaven, and Lesmahagow, 2/.
15a.-Granton Junction, 2/. 10s.-Great County Down, 2i.
12s. 6d.-Great North of Scotland, 2/. 17s. 6d.-Great North
and South Wales, 12s. 6d.-Inverness and Elgin, 1/. 155.-
Lanark and Galloway, 2/. 25.--Lanark and Lothians, 2/. 17e.
6d.-Larne and Ballymena, 21.25.-London and Hounslow
24-London and Manchester (Rem.), 2/. 55.-London and
Manchester (Rastrick), 4/. 10s.--London and Windsor, IL-
Loudon and York, 4/. 55.-Midland and Eastern Counties,
21. 7s. 6d.-Morayshire, IL-Newcastle and Berwick, 11,
DlNttoew,l7a.lavneds, sLLonlodso.n-deprriytt,o,i'ELxltOesn.s-ioNi,i-otroth British,
carlisle,
-Ditto, Extension to Dalkeith, 6/.-North Wales Mineral,
New, 4/. 75.-Perth and Crieff Direct, 21. ls.-Perth and
Inverness, 24-Scottish Central, 13/. 7s. 6d.-Scottish Cen-
tral and Caledonian Junction, 1/. 14s. 6d-Scottish "Mid-
land, 31.-Scottish North Western, 11. 145.-Scottish South
Midland, 2/. ls.-Scottish Southern, 2/. U.-Shrewsbury
and Hereford, 17s. 6d.-Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Chea-
ter, 4/. 17c. 6d.-South Midland, 4/. 75.-Stirling and Dun-
fermline, 21. 10s. 6d.-Stirling and Midland, 3/. 25.-Stra-
the
and DovenJunction 3
Valley,
1.l s.
ii-
135.-Tyne-SurreGrantl Junction,Valley,
-Tea,,
Wishaw;suld Coltness, 52/. los.
GLASGOW, DEC. 17.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-British and• Irish
Union, 605.-Caledonian Extension, 545.-Caledonian and
Dumbartonshire Junction, 435.-East Indian Railway, 18s.-
Edinburgh and Glasgow, New Quarters, 91,4-Edinburgh anti
Perth, 4%-Forth and Clyde Junction, 455.-Glasgo w Genera[
Terminus, 6./4-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 435.- Glas •
ig)eorweeanntd
. Greenock,afterwards),
Preference
rds):37s.6d (6 per
.-Glasg cent. till
Kilmarnock, anal
Ardrossan, 585.-Glasgow and Dundee Junction, 2%-Great
North and South Wales, IN.-Great Indian Peninsular,
7s. 6d.-Lanark and Lothians, 555.-Lesmahagow, 555,---
3S7cso.tt6isdh. Central, 131.-Scottish South Midland Junction:

The American papers contain a legal decision, Ly
Vice-Chancellor Sandford, on the subject of trade-marks.
that is of some importance to British manufacturers. Messra.
e Jd e tbseeeyn,
J. and P. Coates, of Paisley, in Scotland, had obtained=
aimndita:leedssresv.esnhteopathrde
extensive market in America for a certain description)t
merchants, had received the spurioua
talalnibrdeeales(i)bi:ncoqonmueems3tlissOGniro.eng:krg; Against this firm Messrs. Coates filed a
cotton-thread. This thread had
bill to restrain them from Tending the thread. Messrs.
Shepard and Co., at the time of the bill being filed had
nearly sold out the second invoice sent to them, and offered
to stay proceedings by delivering up the thread left on han.:‘
and paying the costs at the date of their answer. This oftea
was refused, and the cause coming to a hearing, the plaintik
were allowed a perpetual injunction with costs of suit. The
defendants had denied all knowledge of the fraud, but the
fact that the thread, although marked " Coates's best six
cord thread," was, in fact; only a three cord thread, together
with other circumstances, had completely overset this line):
defence.

SINGULAR SOIREE.—On Thursday evening, the
authorities at St. Peter's Hospital, Bristol, determined or
giving an entertainment to the Innatics confined in their
house; and, accordingly the place having been lit up tuu_
music provided, about eight o'clock festivities commenced, by
dancing and other innocent diversions, in which our poor
afflicted fellow beings of both sexes joined, seeming throughiy
to enter into the sport, which revived in some the touchiric
recollections of former times, and in others awakened tlx-
extacies of loud delusion. Some, who fancied themselves.
kings and queens, looked upon the entertainment as little
short of a court ball, and conducted themselves accordingly
while others, whose hallucinations were less ambitious, WI
tied themselves once more in the holiday festivals of then
native village. Some would have it that they were walktr*
in the midst of their tenantry. The dancing was more ac
tive than regular; a few moved with slow and stately stet
while others skipped and jumped and caricoled about,l lit c
independent of friends and fiddles. Some broke out.
scraps of wild melody, some harangued and talked verse,arv.
each seemed happy ; the peculiar and varied wanderings am.
delusions of all creating on the whole, a most curious elite:
The entertainment lasted two or three hours; and the diet.
was not merely pleasant, but seemed to. be salutary.--
Bristol paper.

f

yr MIL to rake care of ourselves. 1
'mars by cutting off tifijr means. ''''
pccket>/t, x e otill
,t,of I.::-_-
,cu- b s.—(Clteers. ' T - - -
-s, however, still fili, f*:tifeir
)11 prices upon w : Luidnxis- :
. )
, ...
luld produce in t ~ &try. I.• _ : ' tt.l
. They thinkonly . 44'.1 • ased --, ''T.,
to set against it the
~..:6!:', iiii.4„:,..r;
-eased and steady ce'r":6l,2 IV ' c Mae
f free-trade would c ~Ir•'. , sl; .r.A.
bringing about a state o things
there expresses it, dinner would