The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-30 00:00:00

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.

(From the London New Price Current of September 30.)
SUGAR.—The dulness in the British Plantation Sugar
market has further increased this week ; the demand has
been very limited, both for the scale and refining pur-
poses. To-day the market for West India Muscovadoes
Sugar was in a quiet state, and the prices accepted were
in favour of buyers, making the deline fur the week
,ls.
to 13 Gd per cwt. A public sale of 156 lib& 4 trs and
88 Ms St. Lucia went heavily at the above reduction:,
good yellow selling at GOs to 61s, mid 58s to L9s, low
5Gs to 57s Gd, and line brown 55s per cwt. The total
sales for the week are 1,300 and trs.
REFINED.—The home-trade have operated with caution
in Refined Sugar, and the refiners have submitted to further
reduced prices—brown melting lumps selling at 72s to
73,4, brown patents 73s Gd to 74s 6d, standard lumps 7Gs
to 76s 6d, Tittlers low 75s 6d to 765, mid 76s to 77s 6d,
good 78s to 79s 6d, fine 80s to 84s, Ilambro loaves, fine
83s to 87s, good 80s to 82s, mid 78s to 795, and common
76S to 77s per cwt. Bastarus, fine at 57s to
59s 4.6 d, good 54s to 565, and low to middling 49s to
53s 6d. per cwt. Pieces have been taken sparingly, and
prices are declining—good and fine selling at 67s to 745,
mid 64s to 66, and low 62s to 63s per cwt. The better
kinds of Treacle have been in excellent demand—golden
syrup at 27s 6d a 29s 6d, best old Make 29s to 29s 3d.
moved
or
ofr 24s
slowly
at p,astse,tbitutgcooomd amnodnfiftrioem 25s
Westad
o
at 23s 3d to 23s 9d per cwt, being cheaper ; scum Treacle
is 20s to 20s Gd per cwt. t India26s h6ad; ife
MAußmus.—lmporters have been desirous to realise,
and having brought.furward large parcels have depressed
prices is 6d to 2s for brown, is to is 6d for low and mid

yellow, and 6,1 per cwt for gond and fine sorts ; the
mend has been ;:()(1, very Lcfi;!:it \east
68s to 68s 6d, tine 64s to 665, good 60s to 635, mid 57,
to 59s 6d, low 55s to 56s Gd, fine brown 53s to 54s 6d,
good 51s to 52s 6d, mid 50s to 50s 6d, low 48s to 49.
Gd, good to fine grey 59s to 63s 6d, low to mid 56s 6d
to 58s 6d per cwt. This afternoon there was no public
sale, and the business done privately was limited.
EAST INDIA.-There has been only a limited business
transacted in Bengal Sugar, and prices have declined
Is Gd per cwt. Fine white at 67s 6d to 68s, good 65s 6(i
to 675, mid 64s to 64s 6d, low 62s 6d to 63s 63, good
yellow 62s Gd to 64s per cwt. Brown sorts have moved
off slowly by private contract at 43s to 51s per cwt.
Holders of Manilla are firm. Siam at 23s to 24s for
good and fine white, and low to mid 20s Gd to 22:
per cwt.
This afternoon Bengal was in steady request, and
1,100 bags at auction went at former rates, fine white a'
67s Gd to 68s, good 665 to 66s 6d, middling 64s to Gss Gd.
low 63s to 63s 6(1, and damp brown 53s to 54s per cwt.
FOREIGN.-Holders of white Havannah have been
more disposed to realise, and have submitted to a re-
duction on last weeks rates of is ed to 2s per cwt. This
afternoon Brazil was in limited request only, but holders
were firm; 160 boxes 43 barrels 850 bags Pernambuco
at public sale were all taken in above their value, fin(
brown at 165 6d to 17s 6d, good 15s to 15s Gd, low 14s,
good yellow 17s 6d, low las per cwt.
.MonassEs.-Importers of West India are firm, and
have obtained full rates, but only a limited demand ha:
prevailed this week. Antigua has been sold at 31s fo
fine, and good at 30s per cwt ; there have been further
arrivals. Of Foreign some parcels have been disposed of
at 7s to 7s 6d per cwt.
COFFEE.-Importers of West India are still desirous to
realise, and prices have suffered a further depression of
2s to 3s per cwt. The trade have operated with cautiot
in all e.escriptions, and the public sales of 392 pkgs have
gone off heavily. Mocha is yet neglected, and price,
are on the decline, mid sorts selling privately at 73s to
76s per cwt ; in other kinds of Coffee there has beet
little passing. This afternoon the market was in an in
active state, the large parcels declared for publi:
competition causing the home dealers to ope
rate with caution, and for export there are few
orders for Coffee at present. 1100 bags East Indie
and 1311 bags Ceylon were submitted to public compe
tition ; the former went is to 2s •lower, Sumatra, com-
mon at 24s to 255, Padang good ord 295, Singapore Jays
ord to fine ord 30s to 39s ; the latter only partly sold a;
a further decline of Gd to ls, good ord pale went a
63s Gd to 645, middling Plantation kind 90s to 955, pea
berry 103 s to 112 s, and triage 46s to 53s per cwt.
TEA.-The large parcels declared for public competi-
tion have caused the transactions to be on a small seal,
in Tea this weeks and in some cases rather lower rate:
have been accepted by private contract. To-day th
market presented a dull appearance for Tea, and prices
gave way for nearly all descriptions. The large pnblic sale:
were but thinly attended, the quantity offered amountee
to 27,356 packages, which consisted of the following de-
scriptions, viz,: -Bohea 475, Congou 9,921, Souchon
866, Pouchong 1,157, Caper 804, Pekoe 644, Orang.
Pekoe 1,132, Dust 136, Twankay 7,609. Ilyson Skil
700, Hyson 1,410, Young
,Wson 881,1tnperial 560, Gun-
powder 1,103. The trade came forward rerustantly, an;
the demand was limited for black Tea.-Green sort:
moved off heavily, merchants were mostly desirous to sel
and accepted prices id to Id under those of the last auc
tions fur Twankay, to id for Congou, id for ilysol
and Gunpowder, and id tor Caper ; of 12,680 passed
only 4,100 packages were sold : Con goo, mid bl ra sri
Pek fla Is lli, but mid brisk Anke'lla ra str
Is 94d ; but mid str brit racoa is 9d, but mid ra str Sou
kd old and flat is 8411 : Twankay, but mid racoa Is 81d,
but mid ra strong and bnt Is Bid to 9s, mid str bin
Is 11-1-cl to Is nid per lb.
COCOA.-Prices continue on the decline for Wes
India, and are is under those of this day week. Trini
dad, good middling red at 33s to 34:3, middling gre;
31s 6tl ; 113 bags Grantda, flee red 3Gs to 375, and goo(
34s to 35s per cwt. Guayaquil at 36s to 375, and Part
34s to 35s per cwt.
- RUM, BRANDY, AND HOLLANDS.-11aVing• had agair.
large arrivals of Rum, importers of Jamaica have bees
anxious to sell, and have filibflail fed to S. reduction of
former rates of 2d per gallon ; 30 to 33 per cent over
proof good quality at 3s 2d to 3s 4(1, 34 to 36 ovei
fine 3s 5d to 3s 6d, and superior quality 3s 3d per gallon.
Demerara has suffered a decline of 2d to 3d per galloi
and only 50 puns fine have been sold at 2s 10d for 34 te
36 overproof. Leeward* at rather lower rates, Is 9d to
Is 94d ace. peed for proof. East India has declined it
value. Calcutta with certificate at Is 4d to is 5d for fad:
quality, and a small quantity at the high duty
at Is sd. For Brandy, prices have further improved.
Cognac, of the best brands ..f the vintage of 1839, hhd:
4s 4d, puns 4s 2d ; 1840, do Martel's hhds 4d, pun:
3s 10d ; llenney's of the same vintage, hhds 3s lid.
puns 3s 9d ; 1841, hhds 3s 10d, puns 3s 3d per gallon.
Geneva at is 9u to is 10d for common shipping sort.
British Corn Spirits at 95 8d to Os 9d per gallon, cash.
SPICES.-This afternoon the public sale consisted 0:
300 chests Cassia Lignea, 65 bgs 3 cks Pimento, 1,13 Z.
bps pepper, and 112 brls Jamaica Ginger ; the Cassia.
Lignea went with Met spirit, at an advance of 2s pet
cwt on last public rates,--mid quality fetching 91s to
91s 6d, low mid 89s 6d, good ord coarse sss, mouldy.
81s 64 to 83s, broken and mouldy 80s to 80s 6d, loose
and broken 73s 64, sea dam 72s 6d ; Pimento sold al
2isl to 2id for low mid ; Pepper at 2id to 2-ad for ord
Sumatra, being; the former value.
RICE.-For Bengal Rice, prices have further given
way 3d per cwt Is 6d to 12s for good middling white ;
Ils to 12s. Gd for middling to line, and at lOs 9d for lua
white ; yellow 8s 6d to lOs per cwt, Java Ils to 12s 6-
for common to fine white ; .Patna at 15s ad to 17s Gd foy
common and mid, and good to fine at 18s to 21s. Caro-
lina, first sort, at 30s, and inferior at 26s to 28s per cwt.
This afternoon Bengal met with little attention and
3800 bags at auction were sold at 12s to 12s ed for fine
clean white, being 3d lower.
OILS.-The market for common descriptions of Fish
Oils still wears a healthy appearance ; Southern fine
pale at 40 i 1 ss, good 891 to 391 15s, mid 37/ 5s to
384 ord rather dark 361 5s to 361 10s, and very low
black 3015 s t 033/ 5s per tun; Seal and Cod Oil at a further
advance of lOs per tun; the former has been selling at 431
for pale, 361 lOs to 421 for yellow and straw colour, and
brown 35/ to 36/, and the latter at 351 per tun. Sperm, fine
and head matter 851 to 851 5s per
34s 3d to 34s 6tl, for deliver large at
3Bt u3rn. British
isd to ncwt, Rape at 44s Gd to 44s 9d, and
brown 43s 6d to 43s 9d per cwt. Palm fine at 30s 6d to
3hLi sold3s Linseed
a Gdto 8i
pl3e 4
31s, good 30s to 30s 3d, low and mid 28s to 29s Gd per
cwt. Olive firm. Gallipoli at 56/10s to 574 Spanish
521 lOs to 531195, and Barbary 511 to 521 per tun. Cocoa
Nut
to 38s 6d fur low and mid quality.
TA
3:as have advanced for
good and fine, and 36s Gd
3d per cwt for Rus-
sianOilLL o at
lv. 3_ 8s
Prices ed
Tallow on the spot, both town and country dealers
h of P Y C, paying 48s 3d for large
pa have
s uorf new e freely
► d very fine has been selling at 48 ;
6d, and old has commanded 47s Qd per cwt. For delivery
hasrnecetely Pl
at 48s fur the last three months of the yeas. and at 486
3d to 48s Gd. for Spring. Town Tallow at 49s to 49s 6d
nett cash. South American at 41s 9d to 46s 9d for low
to fine quality.
INEWG,-The quantity of East India declared for
public competition on the 11th October is large, amount-
ing to 15,000 chests ; nevertheless holders show firm-
ness, and supply the market sparingly. Shippers have
been again desirous to operate, the home demand has
been steady fur Bengal, and all the parcels offering have
found purchasers at prices 4d to 7d per lb., above those
of the last quarterly sale.

COURSE OF EKON',
Amsterdam CF. 12 9
Ditto, at sight
Rotterdam .........2 U l2 96
Antwerp ......... 12 7
Hamburgh nit 13 146
Altona
Paris, 3 days' sight ... 25 65
Ditto, 3 months 25 90
Marseilles
Bourdeaux 25 95
Frankfort on Maine—. 1516
Petersburgh, 3 Us
Berlin
Vienna, elec. fl• 3 M 959
Trieste, ditto
Madrid
Cadiz
Bilbao 36
Barcelona
Seville

INGE.—(THIS DAY)
!Gibraltar ....„... 46
Leghorn ....• • 3O 40
Genoa 26 6
Milan
Venice ................. 47
Naples ............... 40
Palermo, per oz 120
Lisbon .....
Oporto ................. 526
Rio Janeiro 236
Bahia
Buenos Ayres
New Yorlc, 21days sight 44
Philadelphia 43
raters OF BULLION, PER
Foreign Gold, bars £3 17 9
Portugal Geld C0in...3 17
New Doubloons 0 0 0
New Dollars 0 4 9J
Silver in Bars... () 4 11i

THE MARKETS.

COUNTRY CORN MARKETS.

Per Quarter.
Boston •
Braintree
IS ighton.
Chichebter
Dutimow
Grantham
Grimsby
Haiisham
Hitchin .......
Ipswich .......
Lewes
I,Ynn
Maidstone
igorwich
Petworth
Rom ford
liandwich
tnetiord
Wisbech
Witha.n
Yarmouth..,

Wheat. ' Barleys flats.•

to
44 5o
52 6
51 62
46 52
44 52
48 53
41 55
50 60
66 6.!
50 ti 7
41 52
51 60
59 co
to
51 -58
57 fi4
4i 6?
50 56
(.1 04
52 5;
45 .55
Sr -55
V EllPitoL
ish,

A. 10
22 38
27 --
ti 7
24 3
•_•4 27
L 23
Sf
28 3
0 3
20 23
24 28
27
36 3'
47
‘2B ;90
:0 30
LO
32 3'
28 N'
23 28
3-
, CORN Al
per 701 b.

B. to 9.
is 2'2
...., 22

5.72 26
18
19 22
R!
:el 011
lb 21
19 21
..()
19 22
1!► 22
19 2:
20 32
24 28
9. 94
17 :4
21 .
24 2$
IR 21

Beam.

a. to s.
95 38
3:1 38
38 41

Peavw.

:39 48
35 46
35 34

40 42
i 3 36
r. 2 btl
34 40
30 34
:41 Cr
27 34
00 30
LO 36
31 40
. 2 31
34 40
26 at
40 4;
31 3,
7 3'
38 4.0
•Scpt.;E7.
0, I.a Fit v,
73 7 9
—:?catch, Wsich
Irish. White ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6 6 7 "
ltcd
r0reigu......................................... 4 6 8 „
OaTs, w
—OA and scotch, per 4alb 2 5 210
--- 166, •. ........... .................................
"reign ...... . . . ............... ............. 0 0
B►aLev, English, M ........ per Irnp.quarter 2l p 23 0
Scotch and Irish, pet 6011)5.
Feeding
Briatss, English, 34 0 35 U
----
Foreign
.........
Pak"' Englisn, per I erlal qual ler
per 1 .............
32 6 34 0
Foreign ........
FLOUtS, English, per quarter
42 0 45 0
• Irish
OATMEAL, English and Irish, per 2401bs .. 21 U 22 0
INDIAN CORM, per 48011, ........... 25 h 0
RYE, per Imperial quarter
MALT, per Imperial quarter

411

21 32

18 :36
,-226
21 3

- -
21 213
24 30
a ARKET.

W ti VAT,

............
Lnd Manx

,I 3!
3 i 3g
3) :4;
23
39 4I
44 315
29 3k
1.8 83

111 a correspondence lately commenced betwixt the
Pope and the Cabinet of the Tuileries, his Holiness,
whilst praising to the skies M. Guizot's Administra
tion, hinted that he wished hi's Excellency would
enter into the true road to his salvation. The Minister,
who, as you of course know, is a Protestant, answered,
that on his part he daily offered up prayers for the
Conversion of his Holiness !

OR. BOWRING'S VISIT TO HIS
CO2 STII Ur: N 'I'S.

(Abridged from the Bolton Frei Press.)

This journal of Saturday last contained an an-
nouncement that our excellent representative, Dr.
Bowring was about to pay his annual visit to his
constituents. In the evening of that day the Tem-
perance Hall was crowded to excess by electors and
non- electors.

On Dr. Bowring presenting himself to the meet-
ing from the platforen, he was welcomed by loud and
unanimous
,cheering: He was accompanied by two
Hungarian Noblemen, the Counts Tot and Gorove
T. .Cullen' Esq., :Mayor of the borough; Rev. F.
Baker, R. Heywood,; Esq., C. J. Darbishire, Esq., &c.
Dr. BOWRING preSented himself amidst deafening
applause. When it had subsided, he said—He en-
treated from them an indulgent hearing. He came
to fulfil that engagement into which he had volun-
tarily entered, when, in the presence of the electors
and non-electors of this borough, he undertook that
solemn mission with which they had so kindly ho-
noured him. They came here to exercise a right—
(Cheers)—he to discharge a duty.—(Loud cheers.)
He came to open to them his whole heart—to ask for
their applause and approval, if they should think his
public conduct deserving of them; and to submit to
their condemnation; if they were desirous of condemn-
ing him.— (Hear, hear.) He had told them from the
first that there was but one condition which would ie.
Luce him to go into Parliament; and that was, that he
might from time to time come amongst them to ash
if his speeches and votes were the echoes of their opi-
nions.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped they would acknow-
ledge, that he had not failed in his attendance in the
House of Commons. In his attendance in that House
he had been exceeded but by one man—Mr. Joseph
Brotherton, the excellent Member for Salford, who,
end he spoke it to his honour, stood at the head of
dl Parliamentary men in his Parliamentary eittend-
ince. His (Dr. Bowiring's) business in the House
-iad been to endeavour to get from Sir R. Peel as
nuch for the people as he possibly could.—(Hear.)
For his (Dr. Bowring's) part, he did not value,Minis-
.7ers for what he called their " squeezable points."—
(Laughter.) All his support towards Sir R. Peel
had been for what he could get from him for the
people—(Hear, hear)—and the more he could get out
if him the more willing was he to support 'him.—
(Hear, and cheers.) l would always not with this
spirit, not to inquire the source whence this or that
measure emanated, but ask whether this or that ire a-
sure was likely to diminish the amount of misery,
enable them to get rid of abuses, elevate the condition
if the people, raise wages—(Loul cries of " Hear,
dear,")—extend trade, and make them wiser, better,
Freer, happier men.--(Hear, hear, and cheers.) These
were the standards he would apply to every measure
whether that measure. might emanate from Lord
John Russell or Sir Robert Peel.—(Hear, hear.)
(here were on the platform, heel+) Wen, two Noble-
men of Hungary—(Cheers)—who came from be-
yond the banks of the Damibe, one of the great rivers
which rolled into the Black Sea. He (Dr. Bowring)
had been into their country, and he had ee(ln the po-
pulation of that country Waliting garments ; he had
seen clothirg in that country selling at an enormous
price, and had seen their granaries full to overfl mina.
He came to Parliament with this representation, and
it told him that the Hungarian should not be clothed
with gongs of English manuf‘acture, neither should
the people of this country, who were in a state of star-
,•ation, be fed with Hungarian food.—(Hear, hear.)
Ought this state of things to be tolerated.—(Nei, no.)
Wheat in Hungary was eellinw at 50e, per quarter.
Was it right, then, that the starving English should
not be allowed to have cheap bread, when all that
was asked in return was our manufactures ?—(Loud
iheers.) He knew, as they all knew, there were
many countries willing to enter into a friendly
anderstanding with tails country, whose inha-
bitants would rejoice to have the opportunity
of receiving our manufactures for the produce of their
countries—and thus, by an amicable PNchange, give
:hat which would bring happiness and oomthrt to our
workmen's homes and liearths.--(Loud cheers.) To
accomplish that was the great object of his mission.
—(Hear, hear.) Sir Robert Peel himself—strange
eonfession-e-had been compelled to say, "After all, the
Free trader is right ;" and to admit that it is every
,fine's interest to sell dear and buy cheap. lie had felt
't his duty, to the utmost of his humble abilities, to
lo his best endeavour to , open to them the field of
:iherty, and to procure' for them those rights and those
privileges which nature, and the God of nature, had
intended they should enjoy.—(Cheers.) He did not
speak without some experience. He bed visited other
countries, and seen fruite rind herbs which would not
grow in thin, and animals which here did not exist, and
le knew that the people of England enjoyed blessings
,which were denied to other lauds ; and the great mis-
!hief of our restrictive and unjust laws was, that they
lenied an interchange of those bleeeings and comforts,
which the great common Creator had intended for the
common good.—(Cheers.) He had supported the
nrayer of the People's Petition, signed by upwards of
three millions.—(Hear.) He was the first Member
if Parliament, wile had delivered into the hands of
:he Sovereign a petition for radical reform. —(Loud
cheers.) He had delivered into the hands of Royalty
itself, a petition signed by 15,000 of the men of Bol-
ton—(Hear, and cheers)—and in the sentiments of
that petition he then and still did concur,—(Loud
cheers.) There was one subject in which he thought
•hey had an especial interest, and which be had ven •
tured to introduce to Parliament—he meant the duty
on cotton wool. They were accustomed to hear from
Government, " You theorists talk of chimeras—there
s a great deal of idle debating—show' how any prac-
tical good can result." He thought he had shown to
Government how they might relieve commerce in this
particular. He thought it a great injustice—a great
cruelty that Government should take 2s. 7d. with
5 per cent. upon that, upon every cwt. of cotton im-
ported into this island.—(Hear.) He thought he had
made out a case caning for the interference of Parlia-
ment, and Sir R. Peel himself had acknowledged
this, but said he really could not spare the money.—
(Laughter.) The late Government had involved us
in many unjustifiable wars, and he, as a friend of liberty
and peace, denounced these wars. He had walked over
many a battle field, and seen many monuments erected
to the memories of those who were there said to have
fallen with glory; he had seen many towns which
had been levelled to the dust, and on his return to hi:;
native country he had found thousands rejoicing and
returning thanks over what they called victory ; but
they had never seen the misery, the havoc, the de-
vastation war had made. If they had, they would
have blushed for that of which they seemed to be
so proud. He would tell them what had gratified
him in a foreign land. He had seen a negro child,
which had brought to him a piece of the printed cot-
tons of Lancashire, and said—" This comes from
your country." He had seen the Bedouin Arab
bridle his horse, and boast that that bridle had come
fi om England. He had seen the mountaineer
cook ng his dinner in an English vessel.—(Hear,
hear.) Upon one occasion, he had the misfortune
to upset and break his crockery ware, and eight hun-
dred miles up the Mediterranean, he was en-.
abled to purchase a set of English-manufactured
porcelain. These were the sights which gave him
gratification when in a foreign land.—(Hear, hear.)
When he had first come into this borough, as a candi.
date for their suffrages, he had said, that, let them
be Whig, Tory, or Radical —high or low—rich or
poor—he should cons:der himself equally their ser-
vant and representative, and should at all times, to all
classes, be accessible. He rejoiced in the hope that
lie had not lost their good opinions. He would retire
from their service the moment they told him that
they had found a worthier or a better man.—(Hear,
hear.) His joy, his pride, his pleasure was to hoes!,
that he had not misunderstood their wishes and if he
had represented their wishes, he accounted himself
amply rewarded.—(Dr. Bowring sat down amidst
deafe.ling applause.)
Mr. Joule Woon, a counterpane-weaver, rose in
the gallery, and said he had to ask Dr. Bowring a
question, respecting the possibility of legislation be-
tween master and men, on the subject of wages.
Dr. EowRING said the question broached was one
which had received a considerable portion of his at-
tention. lie was, however, of opinion that no law
could regulate the rate of wages. In his view the
only thing that would raise the wages of labour was
an extension of trade.

Mr. PENDLEBURY disagreed with the Doctor in
reference to the replation of wages. Dr. Bowring
had stated that nothing would increase wages but an
increase of trade. While trade had been increasing
wages had been falling, and if Dr. Bowring explained
that to his satisfaction he should say no more about it.
JOHN PEARSALL, a cotton-piecer, then sail, Dr.
Bowring had stated that we could only hope for an
advance of wages from an increase of trade.—(A
Voice, " An extension of trade.") And what is
the difference between increase and extension ? He
would go as far back as 1815. In that year there
was worked up in this country 6,500 bags of cotton
weekly, for which there was received the sum of
13,000,0001. In the year 1832 there was worked up
17,300 bags weekly, for which they only received
10,250,0001. Thus, trade had increased three-fold,
while the value of the labour employed in producing
it had fallen from thirteen to ten millions nearly.
That was a fact, and no increase of trade would ever
benefit the people so long as improvements in
machinery continued to he made to throw the people
out of employment.—(Great cheering.) Let them
see how it had proceeded in the printing department.
In 1796 there were printed in this country 20.621,729
yards of cotton cloth ; in 1840, 1,000,000,000 yards,
yet printers were worse off at that moment than ever
they were since that branch was known. He would
next allude to Mr. Cobden's works, and he would show
the Doctor that improvement in machinery threw out
the labourers, faster than any extension of trade could
take them up. On the 9th of October last, Mr. Cob-
den had six printing machines, which, with the
assistance of forty men, would perform as much la-

eo- mool-7, as •,--'old cornice ly have em; loved
, • . d e months. And e.• (the
speaker) had been infoemed that, at the present mo-
ment, Mr. Cobden had nine machines, which, with
the assistance of sixty men, would perform ai much
labour daily as 3,600 able-bodied men. Deducting
the sixty from 3,600, they would find that 3,540
men were deprived of employment by thase mictines.
fie would just show them, from a Whig work, the
amazing progress of machinery. In 1792 the me-
chanical and steam power in this country was equal to
twelve millions of human beings ? Up to the year 1817
it was so increased by machinery, that it was equal
to the labour of 200 millions of human beings, and
in 1832 it was equal to the labour of 400 millions ; it
had gone on increasing until, in 1840, the mechanical
power of this country was equal to the labour of 600
millions of human beings. Now it was a well-known
fact that there were not more than six millions of
human beings in England, Ireland, and Scotland that
were wholly employed in the production of wealth,
and, therefore, they found' by that calculation, 100
times more labour performed by machinery than by
human hands, and that was a proof that if the masters
could increase trade they would increase machinery,
and leave the working nlasses in their present miser-
able condition. It was this terrible increase of mecha-
nical power which deprived them of manual labour,
and it was self-evident from that, that neither cheap
food nor an increase of trade would be of any benefit
to the working classes so long as those infernal ma-
chines were allowed to keep pulling down wages, de-
populating the factories, and grinding the face of the
poor.--(lmmense cheering.)
Dr. BOWRING said no person could complahi of the
manner in which his young friend had spoken, nor
of the matter which he had introduced. An idea
struck him when he saw the last speaker quote from
the book which he held in his hand ; before the intro-
duction of machinery such a book as that would have
cost twenty guineas, while, probably, it had not cost
him so many pence. (Hear, hear.) It would at the
former price have been totally out of his reach, but
V means of machinery it was made so cheap that it
was brought within the reach of all, and the speaker
had been enabled from it to become acquainted. with
many valuable facts, and to store his mind with infor-
mation. He had seen a weaver sitting at the loom
in a deep pit, putting the weft through the warp with
his fingers, and working only one quarter of a yard
in an hour ; but he did not wish to see them in that
condition. All he could ask of the Legislature was
that the labourers should have the benefits of the im-
provements.—(Loud cheering.)
Mr. PEARSALL said Dr. Bowring seemed to think
that if there was an increase of machinery there must
he an increased number of hands to attend to it.
Now, on that he would give the Doctor a few facts.
—(Cheers, and cries of " Good lad, Jack !") A few
years ago there was a great demand for cotton yarn,
and the number of spindles in this borough had been
increased sine 1835 to 1841 upwards of 200,000.
But Ilea the number of spinners increased in the
sane thne ? No; the number had decreased.—
(Hear, hear.) In 1835 there were 797 spinners em-
ployed in this borough, and in 1841 the number was
727, being seventy less hands with two hundred
thousand spindles more.—(Hear, and cheers.) The
hands assisting the spinners had been reduced in the
same proportion. In 183,5 each spinner attended, on
the average, 738 spindles ; in 1841 each spinner had
the care-of 1,018 spindles. And while there had been
that additional numb pr of spindles brought into the
labour market, it had been accompanied by a reduc-
tion of wages.—(Cheers,)
Dr. BOWRlNQ—Notwithstanding the objections so
ably urged, he should persevere in the course he,had
adopted.

Mr. PARKINSON moved a vote of thanks to their
worthy, talented, and indefativble representative.
Carried unanimously amid enthusiastic cheering.
The meeting shortly afterwards separated.

WALTHAM. AGRICULTURAL
SOCIETY.

WALTHAM, TUESDAY.—The annual meeting of
this Society, which includes within its district all
villages and towns within 10 miles of Waltham—
viz. 58 in the county of Leicester, 20 in Rutland, 13
in Nottingham, and 11 in Lincolnshire, was held
yesterday, and was attended by a most numerous and
influential company. _

The show of stoCk on this occasion was remarkably
good, and excited much attention and interest from
the numerous classes of agriculturists who were as-
sembled at this gathering.
At three o'clock about 300 of the nobility, clergy,
gentry, and yeomanry, resident in this district, sat
down to dinner in the Agricultural-hall, a neat and
commodious building which has been erected for the
purposes of this Society.
His Grace the Duke of Rutland presided, supported
on his right by his Excellency Mr. Edward Everett,
Minister from the United States ; Mr. H. Handley,
formerly M.P. for Lincolnshire ; Mr. G. .Norman ;
the Rev. C. R. Thornton, Rector of I3ottesford ; the
Rev. G. E. Gillett, Rector of Waltham, &c.: and on
his left by the Hon. H. Wilson, Mr. W. P. N. Nor.
ton, the Hon. W. Edwards, Mr. J. Philips, &c.
The usual loyal and constitutional toasts having
been introduced by the Noble Chairman, with appro-
priate addresses, and responded to most enthusiasti-
cally by the company,
The Hon. 11. WILSON proposed "The Health of
his Grace the Duke of Rutland, Lord-Lieutenant of
the County of Leicester, and Patron of the Waltham
Agricultural Society."
The Noble DUKE, who has served the office of Lor&
Lieutenant for a period of 43 years, acknowledged the
compliment in a feeling and patriotic speech.
In proposing the toast of the " British Army and.
Navy," the CHAIRMAN stated, that be had lately re-
ceived from the best authority an opinion which the
Chinese had formed of English soldiers. A letter from
one Chinese Mandarin to another had been intercepted,
in which the writer said, "We must leave off calling
these people barbarians ; their conduct to their sick
and wounded, and even to such of our sick and wound-
ed as may fall into their hands, is so kind and humane
that we must no longer call them barbarians."—
(Cheers.) The Noble Duke then informed the meet-
ing that the forbearance and noble behaviour of our
troops had created such a favourable feeling towards
them in that country, that none of what might be
termed the respectable portion of the people would
enlist against theta, and that the ranks of their armies
were filled by only " the scum and riff-raff" of the
empire.-- (Cheers.) The navy, also, of Great Britain
might be equally relied on. He (the Noble Duke)
had recently paid a visit to the Wellesley man-of-war
upon its return front five years' service in India and
China ; and the excellence of its condition, and its
complete equipment and efficiency after so long and
arduous a service, gave him the liveliest pleasure to
witness. He had visited other vessels, both ships of
the line and frigates, and bore unhesitating testi-
mony to their efficient state ; and, he believed, in case
of collision with a foreign country, which he hoped
would long be averted, our ships would again, as they
-always had clone, indeed. prove " the wooden walls of
old England."--(Loud cheers.)
Mr. NORTON, in a neat speech, proposed—" The
health of the Members for the county of Leicester,"
for whose absence letters of apology were read.
" The health of the Bishop and Clergy of the Dio-
cese," was next proposed by the CHAIRMAN, and re-
sponded to in eloquent and impressive language by the
Rev. G. E GILLETT. Rector of Waltham.
The Noble CHAIRMAN rose to propose what he de-
nominated the leading toast of the evening ; and, after
congratulating the meeting on the excellencies of the
cattle show, the skill which had been exhibited at the
ploughing matches, the number of competitors for the
premiums awarded to good conduct, and the very
large attendance of yeomanry, whom he had then the
pleasure of addressing, his Grace went on to observe,
that in days like the present, when they had foreigners
to compete with, the British farmers must depend
chiefly upon the excellence of breed, and every exer-
tion ought to be made to produce the greatest possible
quantity of consumable food from the land ; but when
he saw the great imprOvements which had been effect-
ed, he felt that they might exclaim in the words of a
homely -saying, " Who's afraid ?" He meant, of
course, under the favour of that great Being, whose
goodness had vouchsafed to them the best harvest, he
firmly believed, they had enjoyed for several years. The
plenteous harvest of the present year was a subject
of great congratulation, and he would ask any man,
had the harvest of 1841 been repeated, what would
have been the situation of the country? That har-
vest was deficient as to its produce between 3,000,000
and 4,000,000 quarters of wheat; he did not mean to
say there was actually that quantity less produced
than the consumption required, because a larger
breadth of land had been sown than was before in cul-
tivation ; but as large a quantity as 1,500,000 qrs.
had to be supplied from the continental and other
nations. Had, then, tha harvest this year resembled
the last, the country would have been subject to deeper
distresS, and would have been plunged into the most
difficult circumstances.—(Hear.) Since last year's
meeting, there had been a change in the laws relating
to the importation of agricultural produce. That
meeting was not an arena for political discussion, and
indeed, if it were attempted to be converted into one,
he would immediately make his how and retire from his
present position. Nothing he (the Noble Duke) was
likely to say on this subject could provoke such a dis-
cussion, as he felt totally incompetent to form any
judgment as to the probable effects of the recent
changes ; and be was strongly of opinion that the
ieto
a
pro-
posers of these alterations were themselves unable to
speak with certainty of the results.—(llear.) Those
who had raised an alarm probableastuoaltlyheuilableto con
conse-
quencescorrect
tsere,
conclusion
siNNo'aSn
;he therefore advised all to pure, equally
join with him in suspending their judgment until the
new plan should have had a fair and complete trial.—
(Cheers.) He (the Noble Duke) knew the heads who
had contrived those alterations were wiser than his
own, and that there *ere hearts joined to those heads