The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-20 00:00:00

„

PICTURE-DEALING AT ROME.
(From a French Paper.)
The Rota, supreme court of the Pontifical States
for both civil and ecclesiastical affairs, has just pro-
nounced a sentence by which it consecrates a strange
principle as to the selling of pictures. It has caused
a great sensation among the picture-dealers of Rome.
On the 15th of November, 1836, Prince Simi-
rium made a public sale of several pictures, then
in the gallery of the Odescalchi Palace. Among
others, there was one of them in such a
state of dilapidation that the subject could scarcely
be distinguished. This picture was bought for fifteen
Roman crowns by M. Vallatti, a picture-dealer,
living at Rome. The same day he made known to the
public that he had just acquired a picture, represent-
ing the Magdalen, by Correggio, which surpassed in
beauty that of the same master in the Dresden Mu-
seum, and which was bought for the sum of 15,000
sequins, He stuck up bills also, announcing that this
masterpiece might be seen the following day at his
house, as he was then occupied in cleaning and putting
a new frame to it.

On the 18th of September, just as M. Vallatti's
house was full of admirers, contemplating this picture,
and which connoisseurs thought a real Correggio, two
cursori (bailiffs) entered and seized the picture, at the
request of Prince Simirium, alleging for motive that
this picture had been bought at a vile price by M.
Vallatti, although he knew it to be a Correggio of
considerable value.

The Tribunal of Commerce, where this affair was
judged, M. Vallatti being a merchant, declared the
sale of the picture good, condemning the prosecutor to
pay all expenses. This judgment was confirmed in
the Court of Segratura, by appeal, with the exception
of the payment of the expenses.
Prince Simirium appealed against this decision to
the Roman Rota, which has pronounced the following
sentence :

" If a precious painting is discovered underneath a
painting, which covered the former so as to conceal
it entirely, it is to remain the property of the pur-
chaser, particularly if he has gone to the trouble to
clean it. If, on the contrary, in spite of the bad state
of a picture, it reveals its great value, it must remain
the property of him who sold it. The latter is the
present case."

INTOXICATION.—On Thursday last an iron-lifter
at Dundyvan, of the name of John Black, undertook,
for a trifling wager, to swallow a mutchkin of whisky
without taking it from his head. A previous allow-
ance had quickened his appetite for the undertaking,
and, all things being ready, John swallowed the
mortal dose, and one glass more! when he hied his
way home from Coatbridge to Dundyvan in a state of
utter stupefaction; and, though one of the most hardy
and powerful men at the work, the poisonous potation
wrought so rapidly on his constitution that in less
than four hours from swallowing the draught he was
found a lifeless corpse, leaving a hapless wife and
numerous family to lament his intemperate and mur-
derous folly.—Glasgow Chronicle.
Mn. WOOLLEY AND MISS BRYERS.—MT. Woolley
and Miss Bryers, whose case has recently excited so
much notoriety, are both natives of the city of Ches-
ter. Mr. Woolley was brought up at the Bluecoat
School, and was afterwards apprenticed to Mr. I3er-
rington, a cabinet-maker, in Chester. The father of
Miss Bryers was a watchmaker, and kept a shop in
Eastgate-row, where he carried on a very good busi-
ness for many years.—Liverpool Standard.
PRINTERS' ALMSHOUSES FUND.—We understand
that as soon as the Committee for carrying into effect
the building of a number of almshouses for the recep-
tion of infirm and decayed letter-press printers, shall
have raised the sum of 2,0001., the Worshipful Com-
pany of Stationers have kindly promised to give them
a site of ground for the above praiseworthy object.
THE PAUPER TENANTRY..--.The plan of remitting
rents appears to be in progress. Exempli gratia :
" The Right Hon. Lord Prudhoe has directed, with
his characteristic generosity, that 10 per cent. should
be returned to his Prudhoe tenants on their half-years'
rents, being the same reduction as was allowed to the
Stanwick tenants on the event of his Lordship's mar-
riage." The poor tenants cannot pay what they have
contracted to pay under the landlord's law, which
cheats them out of their independence, and so the land-
lords generously remit a portion, and so keep them in
slavish dependence. They are thus reminded, too, of
this part of their duty to themselves and their class by
the Morning Post :—"We regret very much to learn
from our Ballinasloe correspondent, that while the oc-
cupiers of land in the province of Connaught are
thrown into the utmost embarrassment by the fall in
the price of cattle, the lords and gentlemen who own
the land are pressing with great rigour upon the occu-
piers for the full amount of their stipulated rent.
Such conduct as this we could not justly describe
without using the very strongest terms of indignation."
It will be wrong, therefore, for landlords to exact the
rent which the tenant has covenanted to pay. Now,
let the reader see the reason assigned for this, and
ask himself whether the argument applied to legisla-
tion snaking things cheap by law, does not apply, pro
tanto, to their making them dear, and expecting pros-
perity. "What! (sa_ys the Post) shall Noblemen and
gentlemen sit in the Legislature, and consent to mea-
sures for the reduction of price—and shall they then
turn round upon the victims of that cheapness and en-
deavour to exact from them the uttermost farthing ?
Persons who can do this deserve to be degraded from
their position of noblemen and gentlemen. We trust
that we will hear of nothing of this kind in England.
The landowners of England know that they stand in
the position of co-partners with the occupiers. If
they have chosen to consent to yheapening measures
in the Legislature, they will be equally ready to con-
sent to cheapening the rent of land. They will not
expect that whatever the occupier may receive they
shall still receive the same. They will not take away
the source of rent, or a part of it, and yet expect the
same return as before. If Irish landlords have been
guilty of such conduct, we trust they will be left alone
in their infamy." It is decreed, therefore, that rents
must be remitted, and the tenantry kept in an in-
debted and degraded condition.
AMERICAN COTTON CROPS.—We subjoin a few re-
marks upon the aspect of the American cotton crop at
the last dates : they are taken from the letter of a
gentleman at New Orleans, dated the 13th of Sep-
tember, and received by the Acadia steamer. Not be-
ing a holder of' cotton in England, he may be sup-
posed to give an impartial report :—" Since my last
date to you, there has been very considerable damage
to the growing crop from worms, rust, and rains. It
is sufficient to take off a large amount of the excess
which was anticipatedover and above an average crop,
yet not sufficient to cause any apprehension of a fall
beneath one. Both the worms and rust have done
very serious injury where they occurred, yet their
operations are too partial to do any general damage.
The rains have done more extensive injury and,
as they continue much more frequent than is desir-
able, may lay the foundation of a very extensive in-
jury at our first frost. Much yet depends upon the
condition of the growing cotton at that date ; when
well matured the damage is but partial, but when
found in full vigour and the frost a heavy one, the
injury done may be very great. The market has
opened very early with us, and the demand is very
good for the French and our eastern market. Prices
ranged from from 7i to 9i cents."—Licerpoel Albion.
A WEALTHY BEGGAR.—Friday last, at the Guild-
hall, Bath, a miserable-looking object, named Thomas
Burt, was charged with being found begging in the
Upper Borough Walls. On his being searched at
the station-house, about 771. were discovered, in sove-
reigns and silver, concealed in a girdle that he wore
round his waist. He was committed for fourteen
days' hard labour to the House of Correction, and the
expenses of his maintenance in prison were ordered
to be defrayed out of his " private purse. It was
mentioned that this man has money in the Shaftes-
bury bank to the amount of 1,2001., besides an income
of Bs. per week. If this fellow be a fair specimen of
cadgering, it must be a profitable profession.
THE POLITICAL VICTIMS.—A public meeting of
the middle and working classes was held last evening
at the Hall of Science, Blackfriars-road, to take into
consideration the best means of defending and sup-
porting the political victims. The Chair was taken
by Mr. Dron. Messrs. Blockmore, Ranleigh, and
huffy Ridley, addressed the meeting in support
of its object, after which Mr. G. F. Pardon
rose to address the meeting. He (Mr. Pardon)
would not say that which was likely to hurt
would excuse him in accusing the _Cones,,
the feelings of any body of men ; but, the. meetingofall
them that the time
working-classes. He need not tell
others, as the most cruel persecutors of the English
y of their com-
was come when they should shake offlthose enemies of
all that was conducivethtoatththe
mon country. Upon
was come when. it
they were all agreed ; but
of Reform, time
etandard
Ihieehmarvoeudldthettelliltathraelmly.trtt
atdhe.thtei
to proceed in the noble cause,
and show to its enemies that in the. face of persecution
they were determined
be the consequences even more fatal than the present.
_(Cheers.) Several resolutions were carried and the
meeting separated.solNpLui
THE ,SWINDLING
BANKS.— The farmers have
been stuck 50,000 dollars in the shinplasters of
y
the Lyons Bank, Wayne county. What will be the
next shave ? What bank will next turn out a cheat `)
Do, ye banks, come one by one, and ou can cheat far
more quietly and successfully. There is no room for
the financiers in the State Prison. The devil is
certainly becoming a gentleman, and an honest man
in these latter (lays. He is a man of property—at
least in fire and brimstone, and he will
not take the
benefit of the Act. —New York Herald of Oct. 1.
THE INCOME-TAX ON
Hoes.—We have very sin-
care satisfaction in informing our readers that the an-
since indulged in, t
an-
ticipation we sometime that the
extra charge on hop lands, where a farm contains more
than ten acres in the hundred, would not be insisted
on, has been realised, and that Government have
orders to the proper officers to that effect. —Maidstone
Journal. given

SIX HOSTILE TARIFFS WITHIN
TEN MON THS.
(From the Leeds Mercury.)
At no period of our history, except during the
ascendancy of Napoleon, has such an alarming
succession of blows been struck by foreign Go-
vernments at the commercial prosperity of Eng-
land as since the entrance of Sir Robert Peel
upon office. We do not say that it has been
owing to the inattention of our own Government,
though in another article we show that Ministers
are very ill supplied with commercial intelli-
gence by their agents, but we state the simple
fact, that within the last ten months no less than
Six Hostile Tariff's have been published by other
countries: and it is possible that the year may
not conclude without adding a seventh. We
state these facts for no party purpose whatever,
but with a view of calling the serious attention of
Government, of Parliament, and of the country
to the events themselves, and to the considera-
tions they suggest as to the future commercial
policy of England.
First, we shall enumerate the hostile tariffs
that have been passed, with their respective
dates, and add the briefest possible explanation
of their bearing on English commerce.
1. The Russian TariA is:sued inNovember,lB4l ;
by which the duty on worsted or woollen goods,
and mixed worsted and cotton, was raised from
one silver rouble per lb. to one silver rouble and
75 copecks (that is, from 3s. Gel. to Gs. 2d. per lb.
English) : the new duty is from 200 to 300 per
cent. ad valorem ; printed goods are prohibited.
The King of Prussia, during his late visit to St.
Petersburgh, induced the Emperor to issue a more
favourable ukase fur the products of Prussia.
2. The Portuguese Tariff,bearing date:the 12th
December, 1841 ; by which the duties on Eng-
lish woollens were raised from 360 reis per lb. to
600 reis per lb. The latter is equal to an ad
valorem duty of 45 per cent. on the average quali-
ties of cloth sent to Portugal. Before 1837, (in
which year the tariff was raised), the duties were
only about 10 per cent ad valorem (though nomi-
nally 15 per cent. A favourable tariff is now in
course of negotiation.

8. The Fetneh Tariff, bearing date the 26th
June, 1842; by which the duties on Ertglishlinen
yarns and linens were doubled, and made almost
entirely prohibitory—this being by far our largest
branch of export to France.
4. The Belgian Taro", issued in July, 1842;
by which the duty on English linens and linen
yarns was raised to the same prohibitory rate as
the French duty, in obedience to the dictation of
France, and with a view of preventing the smug-
gling of English linens and yarns into that
country through Belgium.
5. The United States Tar?ff, bearing date
August, 1842; by which the •
duty on woollens
was raised from 20 to 40 per cent. ad valorem, on
worsted goods from 20 to 30 per cent., and on
cotton goods the duty was made nominally 30
per cent., but on some kinds of goods it is in
reality from 100 to 200 per cent. ad valorem, and
on many kinds of cottons, woollens, and other
goods the duty will be prohibitory.
6. The German League Tariff; passed Sep-
tember, 1842; by which the duty on one of the
largest branches of our exports, namely worsted
goods, figured or printed, is raised from 30 dollars
to 50 dollars per cwt., so as to be in many cases
prohibitory; and by which the duty on quin-
caillerie, or hardware, is increased probably 50
dollars per cwt.
And it is not impossible that next month the
Brazilian Tariff may be raised very greatly—
the Brazilian Government having given notice to
that effect ; but we hope this severe blow will be
averted by the concessions which Mr. Ellis, the
special minister lately sent out to Brazil, is em-
powered to make on the sugar duties.
Thus within a few months a great part of the
civilized world has declared commercial war
against us !—Russia, Portugal, France, Belgium,
the United States, and the Great German League,
including Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Wurtem-
burg, and several smaller States ! And it is not
certain that Brazil may not soon be added to the
number.

Such an unparalleled succession of untoward.
events is indeed menacing to our manufactures
and foreign commerce, and demands the anxious
attention of the Government.

It is proper to observe on this remarkable series
of hostile tariffs, that they bear no evidence of
coifederary against us. The only exception is,
in regard to France and Belgium, where the
feebler power obeys the orders of the stronger.
Russia, France, Belgium, the United States,
Germany, and even in some degree Portugal,
have been influenced by a desire to protect their
own manufactures. The United States and
Portugal have been additionally moved by the
hope of relieving their financial embarrassments,
though the plan has certainly not succeeded is
Portugal, and is not likely to succeed in America.
Brazil acts in a spirit of retaliation for the pro-
hibitory duties imposed in this country on her
sugars.

RATutu UNCOMMON.—Two females have been
committed to the Ruthin gaol during the present week
on charges somewhat unusual, at least against the
softer sex, viz., Amelia House, charged on the oath
of John Roberts with feloniously firing a pistol at
him, at Wrexham, with intent to do him some griev-
ous bodily harm ; also, Jane Williams, committed on
the oath of Roben Owen, for having stolen a mare in
the parish of Lantisilio, on the 7th instant, the pro-
perty of the said Robert Owen.—Caniarvon Herald.
THE FINE ARTS.—We have this week been much
gratified with the sight and examination of a number
of beautiful drawings made at Drummond Castle,
during the visit of her Majesty and her illustrious
consort, Prince Albert, by Mr. Jacob Thompson, of
Lowther, an artist of high standing. Although the
newspapers have described in vivid colours the mag-
nificent gardens and grounds of this princely domain,"
yet we find great difficulty in finding language ade-
quately to convey a correct idea of the terraces,
statues, and classical character of this fairy land.
Among the most picturesque and beautiful of the
sketches are three from which pictures will be painted
for the Duchess of Buccleuch. One of the views
which will be painted for her Grace, we believe, was
selected by Lord Aberdeen, a nobleman of the most
refined taste. Another, embracing extensive views
of the Castle and grounds is for Lord Carrington ; but
the gem of the collection is the old court yard, with
the Queen reviewing the Highlanders, from which a
picture will be painted for Lord Willoughby D'Eresby.
Among other things brought from Scotland by Mr.
Thompson, are the head and antlers of the red deer
shot by Prince Albert in the forest of Glenartney, and
this stag, we believe, was the only one shot by his
Royal Highness. We feel confident that Mr. Thomp-
son will ably execute the important tasks committed
to his charge, for he is an artist who, of late, has risen
to an exalted position in his profession. We wish him
every success.—Scotch Paper.
ST. SAVIOUR'S, SOUTHWARK.—GRAND ORGAN
PERFORMANCE.—On Tuesday a very numerous audi-
tory attended the above church to hear the perform-
ance of Mrs. W. H. Cope on the lately re-erected and
enlarged organ, presented by Messrs. Barclay,
Ferkins,
and Co., to the parish. The selection on the occasion,
and taste of the fair
the highest credit on the judgment reflected
the the best ancient and modernfind
fault
tposysietrsh
performer; though we might
vocal, and, consequently,
adop-
tion of a few pieces essentiallyl. 'the
giarpasu,
dbeeuernoftoo much
was played
ed
11 of learning, is ineffec-
" Kyrie," by Leo, thong u
that could pos-
sibly NgraVelinfidttedandtcootinhpelelchiu.nfslatrrumpoevin-et.rs oTfhtehceeloerigzanat—
major, ancient
etihvreoitnoamticterdnteoarres
nevertheless, it was well given by Mrs.
harmony ; ,listhhatthheasviem, ppelei
and precision
in E flat •
expected from a female performer. T 1
sibly be • le grand
chorus and fugue, by our countryman, Si. Wesley, had
,Croitphe.allßtacheh'sfofrcure,
ample justice done to its various complexities and
simple beauties , e • as had also the
diapason movement of
Mendelsohn. The performance appropriately closed
with " God save the Queen," arranged by
Bink,
with
his customary display of the various
powers of his
favourite instrument. Altogether the •
selection gave
great satisfaction, and the thanks of
parish of St. Saviour, Southwark
are eminently due
to Messrs. Barclay andeo. for •
their munificence.
ARRIVAL OF LORD AND LADY
PRUDHOE AT
meetingALN-
of
Mr. L. Hindmarsh chairman was held on Wednes-
day night in the Town-hall, when a congratulatory
address was drawn up to be presented to Lord and
Lady Prudhoe. The Percy
tenantry, to the number
of nearly 500, met them at Hampath-bank, near
Newton-on-the-Moor, and escorted them to the Castle,
where they arrived at half-past twelve on Thursday.
—Tyne Mercury.
An official communication was received at Dublin
Castle on Thursday, intimating to his Excellency the
Earl de Grey, that the Order of the Garter, vacant by
the demise of the Marquis Wellesley, had been gra-
ciously conferred upon his Excellency by her Majesty,
as a distinguished mark of her Majesty's approval of
the Noble Earl's Government of Ireland.
THE SEASON.—As a proof of the extreme mildness
of the present season, a bunch of out-door grapes was
forwarded to us yesterday from Ilailsham, being the
second crop produced from the same vine. In this
town also there are several vines exhibiting second
bloom in the open air. The lilacs, in some situations
in our neighbourhood, have also put forth second
blossoms.—Sussex Advertiser.
The absence of sleep cannot be long sustained-
Damien slept on the rack ; Luke in his iron crown ;
and a battalion of infantry have been known to slum-
ber during a march ! Muleteers frequently sleep
on
their mules, post-boys on their horses, and seamen
"on the high and giddy mast."