The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-11 00:00:00

MESSAGE FROM Tilt LORDS.

efforts to wrest front their Governmehis tees° instautioes.
1 fie Spaniards mid the Po'tiigncse at a later tied.. d,
ender happitt tittepices, under their legitimate Sore-
-eigne, the aid of England, had obtained the
neetimable blessing of representation. But it „was impes-
' .ible that this cuuntry should not be affected by the same
erinciple. England had taken too active and ten 1. klieg
a part in the affitirs of the wtield, so that whin peace re-
lieved the public mind from that anxious and overpower-
ing pressure, which must always attend a contest for '
national existence, the attention of the people
was directed immediately to their domestic
concerns.—(Hear.) Two questions then principally
eccupied the public mind. One was the gross and griev-
ous injustice which a large portion of the people had fur
a long time suffered in consequence of the disabilities
*reposed on them by a difference of religion ; the other
question was connected with the imperfections and • de-
'nets of their representative system. The queetion or
Parliamentary Reform most affected the great mass of
the community, and that, therefore, was the question On
tehich they expressed the liveliest interest. The Catholic
tit-testicle which was the greatest practical injustice, and
:he one the more immediately affecting the national in-
terests, was that to which the great public men of the
•may, and both Houses of Parliament, directed their .
exertions. After a long struggle the Catholic
question was carried in 18-29, tied though
many distinguished public men paved the way for this
great consummation, yet that it was carried at that time,
Ind the country saved from all the various evils which
eetdd have arisen from a longer protraction of that in-
justice, was a bent tit mainly owing to the energy and
firmness of three men, the Right Hen. Baronet opposite,
'low the head of the Government, the Duke of Welling.
ton, and a person not often combined a ith them in pen-
tied action, the Right Hon. and Learned 'Member for
Cerk.—(Loud elieure.) To these three men the settle-
ment of the Cetholie Question was mainly tte
Chesre.) I cannot on this occasion mention the name of
that great and illustrious man, the Duke of Wellington,
to whom this country owes a larger debt of grataude
ban ever a nation before owed to any public man. with-
out humbly ex pres,.ingmly'llope that he is destined to
old another Wreath to the laurels which already deck
cis brow ; and that, having saved his country by his
genius in war, and having by his wisdom in peace struck
the fetters from seven millions of his ham-subjects,
!se will yet add to his military exploits, end his civil
achievements, the additional glory of . working
out the commercial emancipation of this empire.
—(Cheers.) The Ca theiM question having been
earried, it was obvious to cycry man who
reflect carefully 'on this state o affairs. The Parliament-
try Reform was the question which stood next for set-
!anent. That question might have been delayed for
some years longer, but the events which occurred in
rance and other places dtiring the summer of 1830,
hastened it. It then became the place of the Government
it' the day—the loaders of the party which were now in
Bower, to determine led:ether they would undertake
the settlement of the queetion as they had uudertaken
the settlement of the Catholic claims. They determined
hat they would not ; and I think,
,judged rightly.
tiowever honourable their conduct was in 1829--and
stated at that period that I belies ed it was so, nor shall
now change that opinion—however honourable to theta-
,elves, and beneficial to their country was their: conduct on
that great occasion, it is yet true that it did excite, in
great portion of these who were at that time their
supporters, the deepest and bitterest resentment—a re-
,erttneet arising from tin: want of those large
views of' national interests and political neces-
sity, which' actuated the Government of the day.
'lle interval which elapsed between 1839 and 1840 was
.of toy short a date to allow these resentments to cease.
IF, therefore, the Government bad undertaken the settle-
zent of Parliamentary Reform, they would have been sure
to have gone either too far to retriete the support of their
followers, or too short to have obtained the support of
the other side of the House. They therefore took ad-
vantage of a comparatively unimportant question, and
resigned their offices. In resigning those offices the
members of the Government expressed their conviction
that the time was ceme when they thought the settle •
nent of that question was necessary. Wa succeeded.
e brought fi,eth our plan—that plan was more exten-
sive than any of those gentlemen had imagined to be ne•
pessary. The mere announcement of it struck many of
them not only with astonishment, but with positive die-
ney.—(Hear, hear.) They thought they saw in it their
utter annihilation as a political party ; they thought it
,would destroy all their influence at elections, and that
ihey should be swept away practically froth t's.e scene of
public affairs. We assured them that their fears were vi-
sionary; that property would still, ender our improve-
ments, maintain its just and legitimate influence, end
hat more than its just and legitimate influence it ought
.tot to have.—(Hear, hear.) That e'id not allay their
ipprehensions. But I would ask the most vehement
Anti-Reformer of those days to look at the affairs of the
House—to look at the proceedings of this session—and
Jay whether the fears they then entertained have not
been proved by the result to he altogether visionary and
eroundless ?—(Hear.) I say. Sir, not less visionary and
groundless are the apprehensions they now entertain
that by striking off the fetters which now cramp and pa-
ralyse the interests of the country, an injury and not
some great benefit would be conferred on the owners of
,he soil.—(Hear.) Now, Sir, Parliamentary Bch=
sing passed, there was this difl;Tence between it and
the Catholic question, that the Catholic question was a
measure complete in itself' ; its object was to redress au
njury, and the injury was redressed. But Parliatnen-
tary Reform was a question of a different nature. It was
,tot a measure complete in itself, but was rather a means
:o further improvetnent.—(Hear, hear.) We mon-
Jructed the great machine of the Legislature with the
view that Parliament might be better able to correct in
eur laws what was bad, and to produce good and whole-
some laws fbr the future.—(blear, hear.) Now, Sir,
tmong those evils of our system which obviously must
it the earliest moment attract the practical attention of
the reformed Parliament, the defects of our commercial
system were eminently amongst the first. It was idle
et Suppee that when you admitted into this HOKSC in
hue proportion the direct representatives of the great
manufacturing and commercial community, that those re-
presentatives would not state so effectually and with such
force as they have done the various evils under which
those communities labour by reason of your peculiar
and restrictive system. It was idle to suppose that in
the course of no great time Parliament weuld not he forced
by the effect of' their reasoning to make great and impor-
tant changes in their system of monopoly and restric ion.
But there are many who did not look deep enough into
the course of things to be convinced of that; a large party
honestly and
.conscientiously think that system
which we call monopoly and restriction is, of a truth, a
system not only -calculated for their benefit but the cowp.
try at large ; they believe that these great stages of so-
improvement depend on the action, not of a large
Ind wide-spreading cease, but upon the opinion of the
limn who might be in power. '1 hey thought, from time
to time, it they could only contrive to dispossess us of the
power we held, and place it in the hands of leaders of
their party, they should be safe in the system they the=
eished for a long period. They had a large majority in
he House of Lords. and all they wanted was a majority
at this House.—(l-1( ate) They set to work steadily and
tystematically labouring at the Registration Courts, and
theygradually rose upon us, and it was obvious,from ses-
don to session, their numbers increased, and that the time
probably would shortly come when they would have a
majority in this nous:teas well its well as the other House
et Parliament.—(llear, hear.) Sir, the last session
brought matters to a : crisis, their numbers were, at all
events equal, if not greater, than ours, and the great
measures of commercial reform which we announced,
some of which eve brought forward, and some of which
we did not, showed that no time was to be lost. Titre
ought it in this House, and they fought it in the country;
heir victory was complete, and our defeat amounted
almost to a rent. When we delivered up the seals surely
.hat was a day of exultation, of triumph to Tory
parties ; that was a day that would secure for
them ler many years to come the maintenarce
of that legislation which they had so long held,
and which they considered no less essential to the inte-
rest of themselves than to that of the country—no less
essential to the interests of the country than coliformable
to their views. Great was then their triumph, and loud
was their exultation. But the vanity ef human fore-
sight I--the vanity of the foresight of even the wisest
uen I But a few months passed over their heads when
those songs of triumph were changed to cries of lamen-
tation. The very parties whom they selected to be
their chosen champions—the very guardians they had
armed for their defence, turned their weapons upon them,
with themost inhuman, unrelenting cruclty.struck blows
ehich, it' they have not already proved fatal, must in all
probability lead sooner or hater to the entire extinction
et' their system.--(Hear, hear.) Well, Sir, great was
their disappointment, and loud their lamentations—loud
their expressions of astonishment. We have not heard
:ouch of it in this House for certain reasons, but if
much Was not said on the matter in this House, much
was said in every other house in London.—(Hear. and
laughter.) In all the Clubs, and in every street, the bit-
terest and loudest complaints were made. that they were
most, greesly deceived—bat by whom ? Not by the
Right Hun. Gentleman -opposite, but by themselves.
Theyo
,le
iilntt‘h.3 na
eet,liein:;elves to blame for the disappointment
have sustained. Why did they not, in
the ten long years during which they were following their
:-resent leaders, take a few pains to ascertain what were
the opinions of those leaders upon those important points
- which they think vital questions ? It' they did not ascer-
tain those opinions they have no right to blame any but
therbselves for any disappointment which may arise
when these opinions crime. o be perfected. What those
opinions arc? we have during the present session learned.
I ant bound to say that more liberal opinions, mere en-
lightened views, and juster prieeiples, with respect to
the public interests to which they applied, than those
which we have heard from these Members of Govern-
ment alio. were called on to take a prominent part in
those debates—juster viers could not have proceeded
from the mast enthusiastic advocate of free bade on that
(the Miuistelialt side of the house. It is not to be sup-
posed, I presume, thnt we so hopreguated the mini,-
tcrial offices with free trade principlee, that they have
caught, the hilt:Tele:l as an ephlemic. Still lees can it be ,
imagined that these doctrines are the effiea of new
studio, taken up since the period they have got into
office ; knew tehat are the labours of public
tacit in this country—that every hour, every day, the
routine of business comes flowing in on them like the
current of the name!, and 'that if they du not dispatch.'
it instantly it will oven% helm every thought and faculty of
the mind. None krow it better than we do. We are aware
of the Nagnitude of the weight which is borne by men in
office. I\eir labours are great at ell times, but they are
undoubtedly greater than ever during the first few
months of a less administration. ..It is not to be sup-
posed that between the 3d of September and the 3d of
Fehruere, the members of the new Government could I
havestudied their Adam Smith. their Ricardo, their I
' ItleCulloch, their Mills, or their Senior, and other works
of the tame hind. - Noe it is- clear that those opinions
which have been so well expoundudrand ire so full, and ,

. .•
ample, and 'satisfactory a manner, must have been the
result of long previous 'meditation—(hear, ht ar)—of
studies deliberately pure-tied during ten years olcompe-
rative leisure, which an almoet umeterrupted oppositioe
afforded ; utill they came into power fully imbued nitl
all those sottnd pritteiplee; the exposition of which
.cited so touch admiration front this side of the lions,
—(Hear, hear.) Well, I say; then, thee those among the
party opposite who 1111(1 fault with the Government,
Lind fauit with them' in that respect without
due cauae. At the sivee dine I must candidly confect
that in one respect I think the course of that party, be-
fore they were in office, is open to some kind of criti-
cism. 'The Right Hon. Baronet, the Member for Tam-
worth, accused me, upon a former occasion, of too much
assurance.—(A laugh.) Now, I am nut goitr; to retort
that charge ; but I complain of his own ever-modesty,'
and that of his colleagues. I complain of their over
modesty in this, that on many out:a:ions, while thee
were out of power, matters come under discussion In tic
House, to which those principles, which they have late,
avowed, were plainly and fully applicable. I say that,
on those occasions, their moth-sty no doubt preeente'l
them from doing themselves full
.justicee,—(llear, hear
and •leughter)--einastnuch us, by practising; an over-ecru
pulous reserve, they really concealed Irbm the publi,
the progress mm Ilia they lied made in 'their , studies.-e-
-(Hen, wed laughter.) When, thr instance, we proposes
a very moderate diminution in the timber duties, thee
objected to the motion, upon a meth point uf techni-
cal firm, it was true, and did not • go mud
into the question itself ; but I think they did
not • do justice to themselves upon that-- occa-
sion, because they -let people imagine that the resa
objection which they felt to our measure was. that it
would diminish too much the protection un British,
t4mbee ; whereas we now know, by subs, intent eeeeri-
eree, that the seal objection which they Mt at heart, al-
though they did not like to make any vain earede upon
the matter, wee, that our measure did not go hull lei
enough—(Loud cheers and leuhter)—thet it left toe
great.a. protection upon British timber, and did not eut
ficiently shackle all those branches of British industre
into eltich timber cntere.— (Hear.) Well then, again,
last seesion—l do not lihe to Multiply instances, but I
take , the It eases—last sessien, hen we announced
our intention to propose it material reduction in the duty
on corn, they take objection -to it ? They did not saw
indeed that they had no objection to a L. duty—that
was very right :m.l proper that tiny quentiiy of ihrt '
corn should come in at an be. duty—only they wished
to arrive at that duty by a process of their own, inetette
of a fixed duty. They confined their objection to the
question itself:, They did not let us into the secret in en
honourable time, but acting up to the good old countre -
gentlemen adage, of " Don n corn, down all" (Cheers)—
they objected -to our reduction in the defy on corn be-
cause it was tut announced as accompenied by a large
reduction in the ditty on Cattle.—(Cheers.) Now, fir, I
site, therefore, that those gentlemen have not quite dons
themselves justice in regald to these matters. But, Sir,
I will not entertain them in thise tray ; we art
thankful to them for the • great advance
made to large principles they propound( d, nor
stop to cavil at any equivocal little matters of that
sort to which, possibly, objection might be made. I say
then, Sir, its regard to our great commercial interests, thie
session is one of a very remarkable character.—(Cheers:)
The measures they proposed have, indeed, Wien very
short uf the necessities of the couetry—very short of the..
wishes of those on this side of the House-a-far ehort of the
principle upon which they were introduced.--(Cho
But it is a great step to have a Government speaking to
us its the Govermnent has done, -and we must hope fur
the future aud be content for the present.—(Cheers.)
I lowever, Sir, I cannot say that in other respects there is
in the present session any great ground upon which the
Government can congratulate itself with reference, to the
(Act: mime or rather the fulfilment of thin we expectations
a hich they held out when this session began. Now, Sir.
what are tne points which the Government in the-Speech
Ruin the Thrunc—l treat the Speech front the Throne
1, as the . Speech of the Guvernment—what were the
connected with domestic affairs to which
they invited the peceliar attention of Parliament ?
Those points were the financial deficiency, the corn and
provision laws, the law of bankruptcy, the improvement
i in the law of ecclesiastical jurisdiction, the law regulating
, the registration of electors, and the existing distress of
the country. Now. Sir, t\ la] regard to the finnucial
de-
ficiency, the first thing they did -was to increase it by
making an unnecessary sacrifice of' a large portion of the
duty on timber—unnecessary, because we say that if cur
proposals had been carried out, then the deficiency would
have been supplied, and that additional reduction would
at all events have been left to a period of greater titian:,
cial security. However, having made that increased de-
ficiency, they completely made good the whole deficiency
—they certainly, with a vengeance, supplied it.—
, (Cheers.) I think the. Income-tax will be even more
productive than they themselves expected—productimie
itot only in re-venue, but tempi), productive in discontent.
—(Loud cheers.) 'Sir, I cannot imagine that every-
' thing which is received in the shape of Income-tax is so
much gain to the revenues of the country.—(Cheers.)
The country was told that they would save the Income,
tax by the additional cheapness of provisions. That was
recalled afterwards, when the country was told that the
change in the tariff would not, in effect, melee •
any great difference in the price of commodities
by which due Income-tax was. to be saved.—(Cheers.)
But it' those who pay the Income-tax cannot save it in
the cheapness of their living, if they canuot save it in the
price of the articles of their consumption, they will save
it in the extent of their consumption, and therefore
depend upon it the Government %mill not act wisely it
they reason that all which they may receive in the
shape of Income-tax will be a clear addition tem the
revenue of the country.---(Hear, hear.) That measure,
however, has been carried, and as it is carried I trust it
will have the effect of making good the deficiency. Now
the next point was the corn and provision laws. I
have already said that I think the measure on
this subject inefficient. The next point related'
to the law of bankruptcy. Now it is curious
to trace the course of the Government with
respect to that matter. In the Royal speech, which
was delivered out the 3d of February, they invited the
attention of Parliament to the amendment of the bank-
ruptcy law. They found, I believe, a new .Bill upon
that subject, prepared by time late Lord Chancellor, Lord
Cottenhain. They had. not much to do ; they had
merely to see whether they approved generally of its
provisions, and they might then immediately bring it in.
Well, on a vet)' early day in the session--on the 18th of
February, I believe--that Bill was brought into the
House of Lords, not the whole Bill. I do not know
whether there was anything but the Bill—(Laughter)—
but they omitted one portion which was exceedingly im-
portant Still the Bill contained provisions, all deserv-
ing of the attention of Parliament, and not very small
in their extent. That Bill was brought into the House
of Lords on the 18th of February. Now, one great
complaint which gentlemen opposite used to make
against us when we were in power was, that we did not
bring in Bills as soon as we might have done—that %me
did not make suflicieot use or the legislative power of
the House of Lords, and that Bills of die utmost im-
portance were sent up in a heap from this House to the
other House quite et the end of the session, when it was
utterly impossible to give them due consideration. Now
here Is a Bill which began in the House of Lords, and
what use was made of the legislative powers of that
House ? Why, front the 18th of February. down, I be-
lieve, to the 18th of Jule—a period- of five months---that
Bill, struck, I suppose, by the torpid influence of the
gehims loci, remained in a Mate of suspended animation.
It was not until the 18th of Jtily that it came
down to this House, when, in order to give it
that most decent consideration, it became necessary
that the House should sit at twelve o'clock in the morn-
ing, contrary to its usual course, and when many gee-
demon whose opinions and sentitnents it was desirable to
hear were necessarily absent ; and if it had not been
for my Learned Friend (Sir T. Wilde) who is himself
such a host that when he is here no other aid is required,
we should, as far as this side of the House is concerned,
have been obliged to discuss the Bill ahnoet entirely
without I( gal assistance. Upon that point we have nut
yet seen what are the intentions of the Government.
Of course legislation on the, subject during the, present
session was out of the question, hitt we may venture, it
appears. to induige tt hope that during the interval between
this and the present session we may be enabled to meditate
on the propositions of the Government with regard to
the voters of Great Britain. There has, however, been
one step gained in regard to the subject of registration
during the present session. The Right Hon. Baronet oppo7
site stated at the beginning of the seesion, in answer to a
question put to hint, that he could not as a .linisiter of
the Crown, take upon himself the responsibility of pro-
posing the Bill for the Registration of voters in Ireland,-
which in the preceding- session, his noble- Colleague, the
Noble Lord, the Member for North Lancashire, had been
so anxious to press upon the House.— (Loud cheers.) That,
certainly is so far a step gained.—(Cheers.) If we do not
know what we are to have, at least, we knoiv one thing,
that we are not to have.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.)
I non- conic to the most important topic of all,
I mean the distress of the country.—( Hear, hear.) That dis-
tress
the coeue
as
r:adomf-e lastrte a
d t:wit:min:Throneand on that subject I grieve to say
he speech from the during
that nut only no effectual means have been proposed by
Government, for the relief of that distress, but that they are
about to prorogue Parliament at a time when that di--tress is
more extensive and more severe than it was when Parliament
met, and when the attention of Parliament had been called to
the subject at the beginning; of the session. When the atten-
tion of Parliament at the beginning of the session was called
to the subject of the distress of the country, it was generally
supposed that allusion would have been followed by the recom-
mendation of legislative measurts for the relief of that distre,s.
I know that the Government think that distress will be
alleviated. I know that they hope that times will be better
than I believe they will be. I am sure that if that distress
should augment during the coming winter, they will feel litelll..
selves obliged to call Parliament together. and if it should not
augment, or if it should slightly diminish—l trust that the
fertitude of the British character %mill enable the people to bear
the, di-tress for a while, in the confident hope, from what has
passed this session, that during the course ot the next session
something or other must be done to investigate the causes of
that distress. With regard to our tiome,tic affairs, then, it ap-
pears that, although there way be 'something to reprove, we
are not without some topics: of consolation. 'I he language of
the Government has been, as far as domestic affairs are con-
scoerennettilr,ewlytt h%o,ourttehxyce,pitt
i°anipr„iee_
aleteht''utgh their
conduct has not been
ets and laughter)—
wish regard to their management of foreign affairs, however, I
feel bound to state that it is my duty to find fault with tiwir
Laipue,c arid condact.—(Clicers. ) 1 know it is irregular to
_
' 'clerio,, the nature of the subject, tint
present occasion, eons,
not only against
the weeping charges which have been made,
make any allusion to former debates ; but I hope that, on the
m 3 self personally, tint against the Government, of winch I
was a rdember, that I may be permitted cursorily to allude to
the course ef the present
rintgoreign affairs.—( Beer.)
Isae'sisgi fen oa wnhichalimeas been held colt;
'Hie Noble Lord, the l'acinter fee North Lmeashire, who was
a member of the Melbeurnc Administration, is the only one
of the present Goverainctitwho, in this session of Parliament,
had said much about foreign affairs.— ( Hear, hear, from Lord
etanley.) The Noble Lord made a verroff-hand speech.—
(Hear' and a latign)—anti off-hand debaters are often apt to
say off -hand things, without much consideration whether what

A Message from the Lords brought down the Dis
seaters Marriage (Ireland) Bill, and the Eeclesiastica.
Lansing Bill, with aml-ndments.
MARRIAGES (IRELAND) BILL.
On the question being put that the Lords' amendment:
to this Bill should be agreed to, .
Mr. M. J. O'CONNELL expressed a wish that the
Bill should not be pressed during the present session.
He believed that the measure would not be acceptable t.
the Presbyterian body generally, inasmuch as it seemet
to call in question the validity of all former marriage:
eekhrated by Presbyterian clergymen between Episco-
palians and Presbyterians.
Sir R. PEEL said that the Bill had been expressly 'n-
troduced for the purpose of remedying the evils to whirl
The present uncertainty of the marriage law in Irelane
had given rise. Evils innumerable had sprung up untie)
the old law, and therefore the Government deemed
advisable to introduce the Bill. He trusted, therefor,
that this explanation would be satisfactory to the'Hou.
Gentlrman.

Th. 3 amendments were then agreed to.
3.)ESSACIE FROM. THE LORDS.
A Message from the Lords infortned the House that
their Lordships had agreed to the amendments propose:
by the Commons in the Bankruptcy Amendment Bill,
and that the Lunatic Asylums (Ireland) Bill had bem
agreed to ,t idiom, amendment.

-Mr. VERNON' SMITH begged to ask the Right Hon.
Baronet opposite (Sir denies Graha►u), whether it wa:
his intention to introduce the Registration of Elector,
(England.; Bill and the Ecclesiastical Courts Bill this
evening ?_ _

Sir JAMES GRAHAM said it was his intention t,
to have introduced the Registration Bill yesterday even
lug. if the lion. Memberfor Lambeth had not move(;
the adjournment of the house.—(Near, hear.) It was
his intention, however, to introduce the Bill before tht,
close of the session ; and he should postpone the intro
duction of the Ecclesiastical Courts Bill until the Com-
mencement of the next session.
FOREIGN CORN.

Mr. M. PHILIPS begged to put a question to tin
Right Hon. Gentleman (the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer). It was well known that some dispute hat
arisen in reference to the Act passed for the importation
of foreign corn. The 28th clause provided that tin
average should be taken on the Thursday up to the
Saturday previous. A (Ittetion had arisen amongst the
importers of.einm as to the operation of the Act betweer
Friday, the 2t)th of April, and the Thursday following,
being contended that it did not amotmt to a clear week.
The duty had been paid under protest, and the question
was, whether the payment could legally be demanded
He suggested, if there was any doubt upon -the subject,
the benefit of it should be given, to those districts it.
whi-h the greatest distress prevailed.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER► sair
that the matter had not been brought directly under hi:
notice, because no application had been made to tie
"freasnry on the subject. The application had been math
to the Board of Trade, and therefore his Right HA.
Friend, at the head of that department, would have beet
enabled to gives a more detailed statement than he Ole
Chancellor of the Exchequer) should be tnabled to give.
He believed the facts of the case were these. One oi
those persons who employ themselves in endeavourim.
to discover blots in Acts of Parliament, for the purpose
of °fierily, them to persons for a premium—
...

Mr. 11-AWES—That is tt mat unfair attack

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER did not
mean to say that such was the case in the present in
stance, but there were persons who thus employed them-
:wives. Some person imagine.l that he had discoveree-
some such blot in the Corn Act, as that to which tin
Hon. Gentleman had allud(d. The law officers of the.
Crown had been consulted on the subject, and they ha(i
stated that they could see nothing in the objection.
LIMITATION OF ACTIONS (IRELAND) BILL.
Mr. HAVES wished to ask one question, in relation
to what had fallen from the Right Hon. Gentleman, the
Secretary for the Home Department. It was true thai
he (Mr. Hawes) had . moved the adjournment of tin
House last evening--(A laugh)—and to that motion ht
Lelieved the Right Hen. Gentleman had said " Aye."—
(Cheers and laughter.) his object in making that mo.
tion, had been to defeat the Limitation of Actions (Ire-
Inn) Bill, a Bill which he thought ought not to hay,
been pressed at such a, late period of the session.- He
wished to ask the Noble Lord, the Secretary for Ireland.
it' it was his intention to proceed with the Bill durim_
the present .cession ?
Lord ELIOT—It is not possible to do so.
REVIEW OP THE SESSION.
Lord PALMERSTON rose and said—Sir, I rise it;
i•ursuanee of the notice which I have given, for a re
turn of the Bills which have been brought into the
liousd this session of Parliament, and as this returi,
embraces, one may say, the whole policy of tin
Government, I think this i 3 not an unfitting occasiou
upon .which to submit to the House some few observa
tions. Sir, there are times and epochs to which it is
e•ood for us to look back, and endeavour to trace the po
litical causes which may have been in operation, to ex-
amine their effects, and to anticipate their future actions.
Now the present time appears to me to be a moment of
that kind, when the party who have been ten years in
active opposition, and who have now been for nearly
twelve months in office, are about to close their- first Par-
liamentary session. It appears to me that it is not an
unfitting moment to consider what were the ex-
pectations formed when that party acceded to
power, and in what ile.'ree those . expectation-
have or have not been fulfilled. Now, Sir, in pursuing
this inquiry it is necessary to clot a rapid glance a little
further back than when they were in opposition. The
lion. Member for Shrewsbury in a recent debate traced
some of the causes of what I think imaginary evils ti
the settlement made of Europe in 1515, But I venture
to think that seine of those great causes which ere still
in operation originated in the long war, of which that
settlement was the termination—the war which lasted a
imarter of a century, whose progress was marked with
extraordinary and even romantic vieisbitudes,
during %%Wel) the vide of conquest rolled over The
Continent from west to east, and back again from east
to west. In that war all the passions, ad the thehttie:4,
and ail the energies of .the nations' of Europe were
rotted into Ole most vehement action, and it was idle ,
to suppose that the return of peace would restore the
people to the position in which the war . found them. It
was in vain to think that men who were so long in the
habit of discussing freely their rjghts and wF(../,,,,.w0u1d
at once go back ti) • the :ante paey—l tr,aty
into. tho same political sli 0 t:er, Out Oi
they were aroused. :But, navertlji-less, ther4 ',were •
not onlk.on the Continent, hut even in this country,
who it:clulgeil that dream. The Italians, the Spaniards,
and the Portuguese wade frequent. -though itusussioeful

avertalned fully -r-Gvetil
:he lifslJS ui ;:lie trAt:.; 0-61

_
. i •i.
ftite't ;t'at't is nentiatannt, with the fact or not.-(Cheere, and 1 to come to the queetien upon pi inciple, and I gave them to un- t have teken we limp rater
laughter.) A Yety eirnnent Minister in a foreign cottuttat, 'ow t deattand that our Government would tirot. permit the Hanneerien I our line is in aeCll;darite i
wards, the midd eof last (petite'. tri niVitfe instt actions to his 1 faevernment to levy thete exarbitant (ut es. I telt the GOVtf:ll- ' t,e.at eyes of the router,- nut thei. :im elnierieen is net.
',Tent, as to what he:should say to the anent Of inother Power. ' remit tthet I think ; I tell them what I tave been informed they nis, ought: to be it it nit facility in tile Goren',
Ile agent who ayes eeceiving the instructions, dientire4 that i intend to do. I believe they arc el-mut:to tacrilice the right, but perbame it. may peeve an et0barr.a.,5111,...11t-11.aUtag3i
,f he said %that he was bid, he wouln tay n what was tot in ace 1 of Ithitith merchants ; I believe' they arc abeut to eield to the I Indeed we ale tont Ly. the et inerican Elt•Osii.lpei,-ecr
~:
cordance with the fact, but rather at variance with it."-(A 1 Gee:le-nett Of Hanover 1 that which the Government j uccertaili and notneml authority- ttat the Gavernen'
t.-( Hear, hear. ) I about to matte coneession's en, this queetien ; that is to i2Pt
;augh ) But, estid.the Minister, " What of that ? It is a very of Hammen is not. earl ed
goMI thing to say.''...-(Laiininet.) Now, the
•Mirister was an I. believe they have actuall;•° off"e':et:it to allow that las in the etese of tine tttade dutiet, they mould eacridee
as inucti nebts ,A• Eueland te their own cor,vertience, and le
ff-hand debater.-(Renewed laughter:l /do not accuse the Government to levy liven our vessd
Noble Lord of sevine 'het which he knew t(i tit ttnlt'utn but of toll as they are entitled to dm Now, if tha't Lt;theelr intentima rid of . then?, tr.,,,, ,e.ifi..-,:iil_t.i.,:_,.(Gir.cii.!
te.,heerieq:t: 1,1,1 a
ereaking of facts of which he ems ignorant. -(Cheer. ) He certainly the coerse we have taken re a eery contideratale em- Ihe their irnantan, Ran, no , t aiy aaa ae proms ere .
said that tee %ere led by a restleits activity, and embroiled cur- berrat:tenciei,nt t-it reer, her)-i- dif tiles/ meao to attendee the have puten recce il of the justieC GI our claims will he 3
f afennti ' .'
i personal reeard for I embatrassinent to tlet ttovernmem. But I can tr'.
-elves with every Power in the world-(Tory cheers) -and riigitt: .
1•Ig Is
I•meni ou
-'ot I ei
In' t hoe a'tl'int'otie of HalleVer, I i believe thad any a:rave-etre t.t to dishoueurable as titat I'.
that we raised for them embarrassments,
commercial, in every part of the globe.,-(Liliditke.ahlet,tar-Ii.:)1 I-Cue ''..t°lvaetll-ifig,;(.lll-I°Yer .°Zes,lrtsy ueml Iloan.s*sted therm Vie Shall be able • Ilea inen intimated to have teken place has:ben, carried
Ito estnt tbarraes them turtheti. iierealter.-( Hear, hear.) I trust , fleet or propesed by lit r 'Majesty's;
.4,in-tints:ratite.
I distinctly deny that.-(Cheers and counter cheers.) s 1 •
charge is not only a proof of want of infermation on the part of they will de no such "kthing; I bchtlieye that the negotiationshave' sae mopoted hY. her e:niettt's Adtuid:atration-bee''''
ie., e reports w•iet true, tlieee eltheeSS;olls would be met
the Government, but of their ingratitude.-( Cheers and laugh- been herded over, n•e serne ot er negotiations now-a.dat s, to I
by' Amenica, arid . tr,,,,cr demanas vvould be '
ter. ) Perhaps ;Ley were too buty in attending to the 'duties of thet-Boxrd of 'frade; and I trust that that Board, II hoe csiweial ; scout
1 Detenn upon it that ii, in t_eutliing areangereeets,
1 them:departments to ransack the archives of the Foreign-et-lice duty it is to watch own. the interests of British merchants and
1 '0 learn what had tern dune, and to atcertain the truth of their British epmunerce, a illnnot so far forget they potition.
,as to i (-lily %Tye An:er.ie.ajen. with anry,.....totetionen.t
,iint. thl.!i.-
tee, yill ma} earn et
1, irharge, betote th, y reselved io mute it.-(Cheers. ) But thit abandon atiment treatne, and Amy. Hanover nutePs chum she ; yeu mime t 1110 '.101••• SiAl sec. /11
I say, then, we, blit e !by them. -( 1: ell.. I rem ) ICO nut ezy but -it you man!
only shews the greateet ingratitude, for, in fureign affaiis we is not entitled to exacf.-( Hear, hear.)
i et. ie...el net, Ls. t heueh yeu may be relievnl
'have bequeathed them not him! lint feilities.-(Laughter irony laid upon the table
_rive, treaties of commerce, two political I ensiera al
f the slave trade. And I your dititeultien ler a menlent, eO,l ‘7lit he MVO:Vett°
Ihe 'noire Benebes, responded' to by t•heers from the Opposi- trentees, and a treaty for title squint stati,
t •
lion. ) What have they been doing shwe thev came into office let not tny man imagine t tat treaties onrothe suppression. of the ~
the Caronue (1'
1 ;;'' , eater for the tentireeen llear, h-ear, hear. ) 'There. 0
to the matter of . e .„
but living en our It aviees-(Gbeers and great hughter)-on slave trade are valuaten. only upon the ground et humanity, and other quest:ow teatime:
tf i t rid the civili.ed world of a foul and deepicable midersteatin but it ees so far settled, that we had given'
the twOken victuals 'het we left in the official larders.-
newed laughter. ) 1 hey are like a parcel of peotle wioeilltaer-1 'citi'....lneeluelltrgee:use in (hi; as in man other ease., virtue brings seem to America, and I *Milk that the ekes which weree,
made a forcible eatry into a /tense and feasted cn what they vi it I t its own rewacirj, end if tht.Y. nations of-Europe coual, i died in i hat answar ere llinac whistn, in my °plume, 01
feund in the tarder. neve nes hardly been a week but by any calm( rt, iut °wit; that detpicabe eritne, and lead the • lisb Minitter wield he led tu Retell. Put, at. all evernt,'
they braught in a meature ehtch they said they found great popu .
lation of Africa to the pursuits uf peaceful, ineo• tier the Government may adoet a different tient or Doti
prepared hy their prectecessors, and thinking- it geed, they cent. and
ile[ettirnate commerce, the cotnmercial advantages ciliatort steps lied been teken, arid th•-refore ther e was at
• twoueht it in and lipped the Home wculti pass it-(Cheent)- a Inch wou 41 fonowitrlen ttet...t. act, of jt,•tir:sdtte. net to this countr v i btrraseinmir epee that point. -( He sr, hear.) Another':
and this not enly in regard to measures hut in t•egmet to only, but to the w rote
.eitinset
.av • . e'we far ;twee: er that'', ; ti,..ii wily
Ithe relit if smarcla enforced by our cruiters, Iti)il,,,
deteilt. The Noble Lord the nlember for North Latleashiee many might perhaps at hrst tear:gine. -( Hear.) 1, therefore, I illy yews; s n itc.,ll hac ;wen :suspected. teh! bein;e erigeger 4,
•found in the larder,a little thing, which wheetiu opposition Lc .57, that the. treaty for
.the supprestion of tile tlave tretle 15, til ! f•litt:e traCe. 'I eet wee a euestion wemen arose in our t...,t
,onsidered very ban, hut 'as roost as he tasted it he told us it if; dite•ction and olieratittn, a treaty conducive to the itit,•res!s nets -. ueece of tire (as f think) very unjust pretentionb',
• was very goret indeed.-( Great laughter.) Vial was the t f cointrit:''''. sl hen, I Fay, that we have mut ouly helped Ain:ilieri.-( near, neer.) lint wet: that a difac'''
clause about the Hill Cooliet.-( Hear, hear.) . Then the them to make !heir 'reel"' hut they have been emeloyed dur- We azweered the a•guments itt A.naerica - e%e i
Right Han. Gentleman the Vice-President of the Boat dof irg the session in cerrying our hart est of treaties and con- ti ved Ile ir demand, .and
Trade did not Tench fancy the Bonded Con! Bill wnen he saw ventions ; anti ad ' ' .. ,
.Ibondant one I think it is, i 1.,.a.„0ris y.e eculd, and in the I.t.P•X
'or toe set ds whitli had been I enahleit us to do. liut the cosrse ITor.sued il the 6°
larilgeuaa;3erdthat ()littler
n. at a (Interne, but when he came into office he gulped :t and very well wor:hy . ..'
it ; Government could do molt showed that they did not take en efferent vita
clown like a man-pluch laughter, and cries of '. Hear. sown.-(llear, hear) Now what .18
hear")-and found it a very wholetome and weft] thing te to promote the comm.erce ot the comae,- winch we have neg- ours ion the cinerary, they adopted our a.s..tomenti, to
nance of mace- they may have stated them m ith t:reater ability; aed, I ‘,,,
have.-( Hear, hear. ) I say, then, it is UTEIeSS 10 at- :vette!? First and feremost I put the mains- . „,, ~ • -
e. mittens. to add, that a mere elle di,palch theta that recentlt- writ')
tempt to tittiv that we have not left them tat ili- •of peeve nut unly bete een tint country and an ow..
world : Lent Ate:demi tin due suhject I I.a.t.e never rt ad.-( flest.:,,'
ties instead lif en.itarrassments with regard to their but peace also bet:e'en the other great Powers of the: will give t lie credit et clearnets to the Nettle Lord ; but thotri
home policy. Aa tr. ft:reign affairs, I sacs surprised because it is mania st that if war, and More especially ane mat have much more elt arly extiressed his views duo'
and still are turprited, that Gentlemen on the other side of the war, were waged to any great extent, the. interests of aq teln-., •,-,,, the arge,.then,sr.,,,te flit t.,gte._( Hear, ),,,a,)__, otir
Houseshould attempt to represent that WC have be•queathed inricial nations niti-t 1)..i more or less injured. In spite of every ime ,
,eatitn.., any . ta:larrascrnerit,, we hive advaalice,
their embarrassments. What did the Fpeech from the Phrone difficulty, then, thrown in the way by gentlemen opposite- Irma ....
eontain ? If we could et cept that portion which relict( (1 to ( theers)-in spite of exery erateaveur wade by some one or mantle:ooe'. tirt ~,erenitaltee cccunied- and Areeriea has, le
rhat auspicious event, the birth of the Prince of Wan s, half ot two Members to nmenify petty causes of quarrel-1 Loud inwature, \ merit e. 'I lien something- was: sbado'" el
I.em. -o from her dere:Late.' So much fur these,
• l'lt
that I:teetelt treated of foreign affairs. The present • Govern- eheers)-with any fereign Power, be it Russia, be it France, titeis with IN'tatat ;I, or
merit came into oilier on the 3d et September-et least we re- or the United States-Whither it teas one er the nher-w he- about ',necked,. : w-e Clore stint: teurni ery blockadee-tn
ny OM: &hip of war. winch exitt7
signed tiur entice on. that day. The Speech from the Throne. ;her it was cormerniog a chapel in Cuba, or an intractable pilot, the port of oarthagt res -
1 t - ht Chili low
was d• livered en the ;nd of February, and the Governneent yet. I eay w e did maintain peace in siete of all those difficulties, one month, aud th't ''''') Ilec%'ltli•te' w a I- eaarnds hut liv
might be supposed to have something to tell as to what was the during the whole time we had the honour of conducting the Peruvians in the Pacific, 05... -
~,,
~ _. • .
state of foreign affairs.-( Hear. ) Not a bit of it. The wients affairs of the eountry.-( Cheers.) But we did nnentain it and had nothine; to da witfo- '-- i'"' there , wtr',..',l:°fr
Speech was lull ,l'reeoras as to what had been done by their withoensacrificing the national interett. I say we mat= ned, time, bloeLdeei of- a terions charartes -'4l'nee.,'),',„"ol'_7kaiits
predecessors in (nee; bun instctad of stating, according to the withent derogation, the honour and credit of the country. en blockades of ;,.lcaico and Buenos Ayrt'..'l.•. 'r! ; .b,D): (t'hat
,'
complaints of :the Noblii Lord, that we had bequeathed tile contrary our in-Arrests wore well cared for during the thee rionsly Interfered with our cummerce; et" 13".'''' , , tine •
eothing but emberrassments with regard to foreign affairs, it we were in office ; end I put it to any impartial matt to say cameo opposite, in disitius.iog them. 44,v0' ur.• ." did ri'l
contained it se: i. aof expressions of salisfactiou and happy au- %%healer he can find anything to Complain of in the position that the French Government, m e,tablishing 04'1' oi Le
ticipatione. 'i hey began by stating " that it was with great the country held awing other countries of the world at the it So much in vindication of Freston righis and Fril..,;e oft
tat isfaction they infotnted Parliament that a treats, had been time when we quitted tbe Government. of this country ?- as to injure the ceminerce of Ergiand This was te so
agreed upon between England and Austria, and Prussia ant: ( Cheers. ) But, nir, not ouly did we keep ourselves, hut were. insinuatams, eldruiatod to help in mailitaining fri t, et
Russia, and France, for the suppression ef the slave trade." frequently instrumental in maintainieg the peace of other none ! That restleas activity which Ictl ns to meddle n•it t
That treatenWai not signcd in our tineetor'reas.ons which, out great Powcrs, wilt) got into very serious disputes. There affairs of other coUlttrieS. led lis to interfere be""",•. es
of reeard for other eert:ons, I will not meot ion at this moment. were many instances ot that sort, when the recess gives the and Mexico. With regard to Itiexico, it wee a forinattlt, ,
-(1-rear, hear. ) It was, however, ready for tignature. and, Government leisure to consult more than they have' dote the rence ; with Frence it was a friendly interpoeition.
,t;urat',
as•concluded, I believe, it does not differ in any material re-. archives of the Foreign-office. But 1 could merely draw the cases, our restleis and meddling activity nas suite...nth" t.ati,
speet from that ellich they tound when they came attention Of the House to one instaece ef the succes,ful media- was restored between the parties, and British comrontee nit!,
into office. 1 will tot allude more to It ; but lien between France and the United States, when a dispute, leased, soonrr titan it otherwise would here been, :rem vs'
: here was a treaty negotiated by us and brought to a termi- one tif a very eerious chtracter, bad grown up between those ecnveniernes which ptessed on it from the blockade- , el;
ration, and which the Covertanent announced, very properl3% Iwe Powers. • I say that was a very reri -us dispute, because the; another proof ofj. the multif,ri,,us t mharrassioe."'. it'u?
that it had been tatisfacterily concluded, theugh not actuelle Legislature of both comories wete embarked iii the quarrel, (readied to cur successor s. •It has aiso bten a qut'su°,,,r,
Partied out. This, 1 suppese, is one of the foreign embarats- mid therefore it was difficult for either party to receoe with whether a Goverrontnt may not. help ferward the criu'll: On
ments which we left thent..-t Cheers. ) The Steech went on botiour unless wane tined party nompesed its good offices to the country by finning nen markets for. it. We ligt.',oo!
to mention another treaty concluded with the some PoWers, bring about a reconciliatien, Nu ether Power at that time this. I have leferrect before to the establithments we It if(
together with the Sultan. That wts a treaty which we gave possessc,: so much the good will of both parties as we in Abyseinia, and the mast of Arabia, Aden, and Jurastitt
to our predecessore, and w-as called the. treaty respecting the aitl, therefore we were snore likely to bring about • a recon- was tnet by derision ; it tea> said thattee had founded esOtee.o,o
. Straits el the Dardanelles and the Botphories. Was that one cilialitita We offered (me astistance, and we were completely vial establishments in the wit:,
is (if Arabia, aed in the ti, ,
of the entharrastments bequeathed to the Government ? On and entirely succeseftn. It might bo said, " Very true, but Gentlemen may not know that that superior sort of cofre6g,te,
,the coati my, they were delighted with it, and said it I.esS 011 e you ;tot a peace which is a mere Wegative eeime, if 3ou have not Alocha, grows in peat abundance' in these wttds and destr :i
ef a most importat t character ; and, net satitfied e itir the de- met nations with wliorn you trade with the security which . that they are tilled with a populatiou who want everythottlts
tel ipt ion we nave of it they gave it, roe of their men. and called ;stipulations of treaties of commerce; Wive to the siesject arid his which iv e can supply them, and wino eould in return let ";,', i
it " a treatyrfor the Fecut et of the Turkish empire," that was pi onerty trialing between thwee coutnries.” When lam told much that we should be glad to have. Ido nut Mean
,nit
to say, in other nerds, for the security of the balance of power in tnetking tmon these topics that it was a kind of restless Rut these establithments will at once take any great atil'il) ft
in Europe, " and for the maintenance of the peace of Euterpe." meddling, I hold that to be a coaipliment instead of a cur manufactures, but we have, as it wore, town the seetftn,
Here, then, is another instance ; a treaty clutch they described ef lisure. But upon the charge of commercial treaties, I think at some time we shah reit the advaintewe • Anutber br.:!„,',
as baying for ite ends no less important oljects than the balance I said on the former trecasion we formed eighteen cammercial our commerce I have elreatly referreStoe that with ft, ''ae,
of power, anti the tecurity and the peace of Europe. 'I he next treaties, it:eluding that of Tripoli and Tunis. We concluded . which an enlargeinent must take place whe never there itiots.
paragraph of the speech takes us te a more distant country-to fourteet, of those te eatict. Now, Sir, two of them, Austria ticment of the affaits of that country, anti es aid' is priTfor'':i
Vertia-and announces the restoration of our diplomatic inter- and Turkey, were eery important. One of the treaties whicn an early period. Another great eillargement of the fi '"tiett
foul se with the Com tof Teheran. That intercourse was broken 1 made 1 will, for a moment, can the attention of the House commerce was to result from that great series of opesra .1.0
pff et. two grounds, first, that insults hadbeen offered to persoes to, for it is an important one-indeed, by name a treaty of . Ile, counttien to the west of the Indus.-(" 'Oh, ob.:), rr;
'connected with our "Disjoin, for which they demandcd-i epara- commerce, but which is a treaty, certainly, insurirg peace- laugh must have came from Members who, till thaw raen7
it):0:100cd
• tion ; arid secondly, becauee we thought it advi,able. to reprt so I mean the convention which we made With the Governmedt of- patches never 'heard of Caubul or Candahar 3
the Shah in an until( rtaltne in the eastern part of Alfghanittan, Franca to regulate the existence of the fisLeries on the coests. heard of 'the gallant actions of. Lord Keane. lueve jOrt
a step whicl; we contended he had no right to take, and which Sir, it is well known that great disputes, attended with eele whether Ghumice was a tea-port or an inland towli.,:sna ,
it was essential te our interests that we should prevent its accoin- litions, and endangerieg the good understanding between the ' pose no man will deny, if we maiutain military posse.
relr,
plithmettl, we proceeded in both ; we obtained trent the Shah two countries, had gone on fer a great length of time, in con- those passes, and of those places which citable us to 'ect,uies'i
eomplete satisfaction, and the abendonment of the siege ol Herat, eequence of the want of a 'welter definition of the boundaries navigation of the Indus, which is navigabie for 1..2°° 'oat:
together with the return of his al my within the limits of the fishery between Jersey and the niain-land of France, and mere from its source.' that travelling in that country,o4,,,e ti,
of his dominiors. our diplomatic intercourse with any nati n in consegueece of the want of a proper dennition ef the eespec- with internal tranquility, would afford a great adrtlnsst
is only valuable when them is an amicable feeling in the tive rights of the French and English fiehermen uptun their trade. No man •in his rational sentes-uo man whOuttief
patties between whom it subsists. Our diplomatic intercourse own coasts. That question had remained open eince the last .ot the distineuishing qualities of tnan, except that of, 7,,bt Of)
ma', on its settlement, not deprived of this essential cuudition, war. We settled that question. We made a convention which : would thinCotherwiee than that it was a matter °' farilette
for the speech mentions, mot only the restoration ot trim di). in- has, I believe, entirely pre.yented all those local col- . portance to securethe pessettion of such tranquillity. le, net'
tercouse with the Court of Herat, but tte remittal of ftiendly litions on the coast of France ; one which, if it . But, Sir, we are told that it is the grestest asturatice,,ltetet
intercourse. This is another embarrassment. The speech bas not prevented them has at all events laid ' say that we had obtained for England that possessien; '
rtoid it
I goes on to notice the completion of a commercial down so distinct a ru'le that the two Govern- ii is made to the recent urfortunate disaster, and we "ethat tbs
treaty with Perna ; _ this is another embarrasnnent I menta can be at no buss how to deal with .the irregularities of ;by that disaster we lost wbat see had attained. 1 !a):, ..01jCli
Every one knows that our ccmmerce with Persia is a growing their own subjects. And it went further ; it contained a ttipu. I disaster had nothing whatever to do with the originiact r
blatari,
commerce, and one of great importance, but it required the latiort that the sea, within three mires of each coast.nhould ! the measure. Ido not like to say anything to itoriu
whore t:
security (if a teeny, and we abtamed one as advantageous as be die exclusive limit for . fist ing of the • fisbermen (if any one man, especially \Nl:en we do Lot Ito°
' eny country could ask. By one or two short articles the corn- each country. Now, Sir, there was a clause in that treaty ! blame rests; but as I ant speaking on matters
est foes bad b
meree ot' this country with Ponta was placed on a footing equal which has re..t tet ham executed; a clause, 'tamely, by whicn interest, I say that if common military re-neut.:. caulatth h
to that of any oilier nation. That was all WC asked-all we Commissioners were to meet and to establish regulations fur ' taken-if the force of 6,000 men. stationed,l; pals innate
were justly entitled to. Still it was very important we thould the government of the fishermen of Ergland and of France ; been properly positioned., notwithstanding l'"
.those ti,
,! obtaiwit, because the curraneree of Russia enjoyed very cousi- when they met at sea without ihote limits of three miles, and - any (Alter place, and with gpod ammunition,' taYliie Affgh •
I derable finalities in Pers.a, and it wks important
.that ours w:thout the jurisdiction of each country. Now when see left ' men would have been unassailable, not only bY," ,__,. utsie
should do the same. 'I he speech then conies to the pantgraph . office the regulations had been concluded, with the exception • nut that they might, in !into of all Central Asia, nat.' on
+ s the ut
-the only one-which concerns the present Government. It ;ot one polot, IA hien Iy, ill mention, tor the yurpose ef captain- , tainted thevaselves in Ca.ubul wAli as much gallan•cY ' ,
sp:,
, states that the .• Government continues to manstain its friendly I ing it to the House. The Frei.ch Cotnmissioner ' was very ' lant Sale did in the noble defouce ~f Jkliahbad.- (Hear./
‘oYfeireat natio,'
I relations with the teveral Powers," and trusted that the nego- ; anxious to cbtaiti frcim the English Government pennistien ' such disaster could by any po,cibility then have liappeth d, 0
; tiations then rending Would have the effect of extending trade I for the French lishing-boats to anchor and station then-ler-lees you would have held Afighu.nisi`.an, up to the present 610,41
' and commerce. Now were all these negotiations begun by 1 within the - three mile limit, in older from thence to sail jou had held it two years previously. :sir, I was partietate
them ?-(Cheers. ) Were they hut the negotiations which ; forth, and to pursue their fishing beyond that limit. Now, at struck with the answer of the liight Hon. Baroaet to p
, tor ''
, we oarrird out, but which, front various circumstances, the first blush theme did not appear to be anything in that pro- . question I put to him the caller night-not : i„ el
, we were unable to bring to a termination ?--(1-oud cheers.) vision which the taties of (mod polity and good neighbourhood ' lie said, but for what he omitted to say.--( Hear, 1)1
The negotiation with Persia, which the Right Hon. Baronet . would not lead us to acce& to ; but, upon further consitiera- It was a question deeply affecting, I think, the bor,ouce
wobin
: very fairly and handtomely admitted had been brought very lion, it aPPeared that such a nermhsitn would lead to to many ' nountry Mils miltary consequences, and that other effeetn, tll
near to a conclusion bywis, was one ; and, I say, sir, that the
:evasions of the general principle of exclusive fishery that it the Right lion. Gentleman on a tanner occasion spekie
tuitt
way to that treaty which the Right Hon. Baronet concluded i wouni practically nefeat the advantages of that. stipulation : ' essential maimenance of our Eastern .nower. Ihe 'it
__!onletj
with Persia, was paved by us. In the other negotiatioes with ' and it was evident; moreover, that the real motive which led put was relative to a master tif fact,
Spain, Naples, and Brazil-with all wiiich countries svc had the Freneh Commissione.r, at the direction of his Goverement, ' had been given. by the Goiernor-Gerna'al of India, t .0.1.41
from time to time entered into negotiation upon matters of : la insist upon that paavision, ~, as that the French fiehery on the evacuation of the countries west of the Int-luta and 'lle a-Destll
in t est -, 0
ivi, lei) %Nits whetnerfor in
trade-I should be very happy if the GOreinOlelll should be • yeast of England might be made a nur,ety to seamen, with a received was, that Caodahar and Jellalabad Were •-, 2 nice ,
able to bring those uegotations to a successful issue. The ; view to the Improvement ache French nevy.-(Hear, hear.) of our troops. 'Phat answer was an adue ission that t nes'
: next paragraph contained an expression of regret at not heing I objected te tint provision; 1 &inn know whether the present . order had been given; it is u,seeptive e,f no ot her interPoreny IP:
able to announce the re-estalnishment of peace with China.. Government have receded ti, n, but 1 cannot inwexpress a hope • I coneratnlate the country en the cruse, et h. inevcr I_`ttietstl
Now there undoubtedly it said nothing. But mark what that they will not beled by any Idea of maintaining good feeltregts • that lias relieved-us trout the eternal disgace t end irry
trio
' follows. And first let me remind the House of what paSsed between the two nations to agree to aprovision which exeeeds the -injury of retreating from Affghanistan.-(G treat oheeek dal
' here when our quarrel with, and the expedition to, China' provisions of the convention, and which in the result may be ; Ido not eunceive anything that would tinge the eh,!:t best:
' wes brought under discussion by the Right Honourable -injurious to this country.-( Hear, hear. ) Well then, Sir, we ; Engiisbmau with a deeper blush or strike deep( r into 'lettere.,
Baronet, the Member for Dorchester. On that OeCaStoll ! concluded these treaties. With regard to the slave trade, our ' than a flight from A Eghanistan..- ( Cheers. n tf lre It gat l''
no Member now a member of the Cabinet „pressed an opinion activity was still greater. We were extremely restlese wii It in the hands of the Government at home, and I hoPhr
(nett(
. that the quarrel with China was unjust. Some Hon. Mem- regardto its progress ; for seeing that when we came ieto tuture no eiscretion avid be lett in a quartstr in whit's ter tv,
! hers on this side eaid that it was just, but the leading Members Office there were in existence but ten treaties for the suppres- ; tionary power has been so greatly misused. lt I
~, nen
: opposite did not condemn tLe war, though undoubtedly they ; sion of the slave trade, and we conclueed fifteen :additional Government to consider who they tan depemd upon 'tee tett
, did not approve of it ; they only deprecated the carrying on of I treaties-and it should be Observed that those tienties min- : on the service uo foreign stations ; the greatortne,
' a war at the antipodes with a natien of 350,000,000 indivi- i tattled stipulations which former treaties had not even con- hitt:ll.st, thi• more it behoved the GoYerneaent to .`es Olt,
duals. In the ether House Lord Stanhooe made a motion 1 templaten-well, them I say with regard: /with to the mainte. i whether the persone in whom they invested great I)°,utiet tie'
which, if carried, would haye implied an opinion adverse to the 1 trance of peace, and with regard tothe seeurity lo be obtained by welt as would consult the interests of the country- 1 inner,
w ar. 'I he Duac Lf Wellington, who re, retentetl the Oppotitioti t reaties, we did exert outselves greatly and successfully for and I cannot la train trornexi retting a htme, that the L3d,,,
ill
in that House. urgeinthe previous question ni order cot 10 ex- , the prometion ot ilic te'crests of the country, alai bequeathed ment wsiltiot carrt into (fleet the arraegement thus ;De nett
. press any opinion 011 e Way or the other upon the intake of the facilities instead or mbar, aoments to one socc'essors. But, was all very wen when we were in power, atm' when 'Lee; I.
war, a very wise and pi udentta.ten tor a Parliatnentary tactician to then, it may be said, " Your treaties may be all very well if party eurposes to run down any thing we might have nu, fort
pursue. But, Sir, the honest sok-tier was more than a match for they ate excuted, but if they are eiolaten they are of na more v. as an very well when party put pore were to be beree!'l iitP'
the Parliamentary tactician. The - honest indignation he felt woi th than watte paper ; and we know that in the case ot re- • ery to 5e rateed against ttie Affnlianistan exiPtittion, buttst of;
as a warrior and an Englishman. broke forth uncontrollanle. .. mote cemitties, etpecially hi remete districts of extensiee coon- the Government will rite abate any consideration of tut, I f
He said he would not wivise the Queen to submit to an insent tries, midi for iustance, as the repablie of South Americe, ' that they writ give the matter their lair, ditties ski° latltii
and injury su •h as he i:litt had never before beet' -offered tti I hie Turkey. and . other places, which irequeEtly abuse t heir power, , deliberate contimeatiter, that they will come 'lO x),uhisr,
ceuntrn ; and lie tatd he weuld prove it, and he did enter into a considerable portion of the corretpondence of the Govern- : tesolve ; heeause IA ai never more convinced of any t to'
the proof. Ile said that it was a war mott atrocioue in its ria- meta cousists of complaints of their leTtow-agente, of injuries the courte of my lite titan lam of this, that thtenner
lure, and utterly indefensible ; he eaid ntore-tne said that which they have eustaintel, and of demands et redress. important interests of the• country, both; ''t, tll
Captain Elliot was bound towesist the demands made upon hint, Speaking trom general recollection I sheuld say that during , cial and political, depend on our maint.tinitiehot)
even to the shetiiiing of the last drop ot blo(M; and if lie' ac- the course of our administration, with one remarkable excep- : military pesition we hold ta Affghanietan.-( Beni., ,it it
ceded to thote demands, he (the Duke of Wellington) should tiun, we never failed obtaining fur those British subjec:s who , 'You may rely on it, if we abandon that country, .tldUlt la'
have been asharned of the country which gave hind hirth•- felt themselves angrier", such reParatinn as we demanded. . come into the hacds of some other Potter. Thougle }niece
• (Hear, hear. ) That seems to me a. pretty strong admission of And so genet al.y: wae that known among foreign Pow ert, that rid teurselves of some little difficulties by your rein at,l(•`tV,
the justice of the quarrel with regard to China. What tlse did the King of Persia, as appears from a despatch now on the ,on it the day will come when t.uu win be compulletpite'lo
; the Government say on the subject? They said that ULiform table, when he applied to the English Government to exert it, ; ( ccupy that country at a far grinner exifenser and tn is retsit
I success han atteneed.the. hostile operatione against China, awl power here to obtain PaYinent °r a 'l'l4 due:from a British greater sacrifice of human. life than it would cost yam I° lin"
1 that her Majesty, having the greatest coefidence in theskill and inSolvent to one of his sin jects, and when he waninfonned that , new-that it is in eour postetsion. It may be eaid that °tires<
ability of her naval fences, had done so and so. It is, therefore', the Gevernment could not procure for him. that which he , is very tine. It may be said, " Come to the test of flg,teneyi
: clear that this enterprise, which was to be attended with diffi- sought, said, ~ This is most strange, If the weariest British sub_ ; tou pretend that your Government have protecttal coow,..asl
culties, was attended with success, aed 1 suppose that that sue- tect in the most remote corner of the world suffere tbe slightnt : now, let US See how commerce has thriven during aour ft.,' siell;
cess aas trot among the embarrassments that have been laid to injure, you immediateln obtain for him redress ; and 3-et you . office." I will try the question by that test. From retur',.',?,
us.-( Hem-, hear.) It tnay, however, be said that the success now refuse it to one of my subjects." 1 mentioned that we lished by the Board ef Trade of our exports from tutes it',
which has been uniform was not important ; that it applied only had failed in one inetance to which the attenticn of the House leail to down to the year 1840 (the returns are a;,,,greg,a p...:).,"
10 small territories, and that it might not carry out the objects was called the other day ; we had failed.' That exception was detailed), it appears that the value ef our exports were. int' taCt•
in view ; now, unfortunately for the Governmeet, that could not the case ot the British merchants who tought reperation for n 7,000,000/. The value went. en thus-36.nCenetett
ibe the ease, because they state, in a further part of her Ma- the injuries inflicted upon them at Portendic. That we did ;19,000,0°01m 41,000,C00/., 41,000,0001., 47,01 l'•
i jettY's speech, that they' were eneourageel to holm the difficulties not succeed iii that arrangement I admit, and perhaps these e 3,000,0001., 42,000,0nn1a 50,000,1n0i., 53,C00,00 tile,
I with which, they were surrounded would be brought to a Me- who have succeed( d arc as, are now of the difficulties whadi . 1540, 51,000,000/. ; and in 1841; 51,000,000/. 'Ph tot
~, 11'
cessful termination. That is another embarrassment, I suppote. prevented our success.-(Cleers.) As they are still t ears intervening between 1831 and 1841, both itictuti7 04
-Cliein, hear. ) But it may be said that a termination may engaged in negociations un that most diffitult sub- ealue of our .commerce with foreign countries increwsnneu.get!tt
he effected; but not the one that was wished ; and, added to I jeet, I will net add to the embarrastMents by , t;7,000,001/. to 51,000,0001., being en increase of t 4,0°1 tlnt
this, it might be unsuccessful not the less. The I any further allusion to the sul,ject. This, I think, is an answer upon the whole amount. I say this is conclusive. Id°,,Ql,,it'
Government hoped, not only for a termination of the guar- to the general eherges made hy the Noble Lord against 0c ; our restless activity asni busy 'needling was nut a stenturiffld;
rel, but that the commeecial raations of till] country late Goyerentent m but the Noble I.ord did not confine himself ! injury, but was produetive of benefit to the trade of the c tint
: would be placed en a satittactory basis. But it May be said 'tri enteral eharees-he breught forward specific instances. !! 1 at-ill take, rune this aggregate a few points. je tv_
that this wa.s only their hope. I think if even we have accom- 'rhe Noble Lonrsaid we bad left hint a subject of embarrass- I are the subject ot much criticism. I allti° Vie
, Tuikey, Syria, the East • Indies, and China. loan'
plished art much as that, ne have effected at least some im- ment in North America ; then, said the Noble Lord, there
i expoets from this. crtuntry to Turkey, Syria, anti l'A. ,pig'
- reovement. If we have only placed on a satisfactory basis, or were questions which yeur Administration left us to settle.
if we have led to the hope that the commercial interests of this Now the first tuestion with iegard to America is the boundary' ; in 1e31,n ere of the exam of tai
ter in 1840 amounted to the value of 1,461,000/. 'lnner.;
' B,OOOL, the exi orts to tlaaii'Litt it'
country with China will be placed on a satisfactory 'basis-let question.-( Hear.)
I spite of this busy meddling,
Did that question grew up uneer our ;
the amount ot its population be 300,000,000 or 200,000,000, it Administration ? Why, it grew up before the Noble Lord which not only the .Nobin bu.:, 0 -
I posite, but some Hen. Inientis on this sine heye perharfrotll
is one of the most numerous nations of the world-and if we grew up- (Cheers)-it grew up before the Noble Lord was
i approved en our exports during, that interval increasenci rte
have assisted i n placing our commercial interests on a tatisfac- born or thought of-(Cireers and laughteri-it grew up from
tory basis we have done ail that we could to the encourage- the Treaty of 1783.-(Cheers. )We did not settle it-but did 1 800,000/. to 1,461,000/. We were told that eve stein'', es'
ment and improvement of this country ; but this is a we crease the embarrassment ? The who!e question depends trade to• China, that it Was totally paralyzed. Now 507; 110
matter the value of which cannot be estimated till it iv ueon the meaning to be attached to the words uf the Treaty of the trade to Chiiia awl Indi? 111 1831 it stmountau, 14
seen how it n'ill tetminate.-a( Hear, hear.) se much for 1783. The boundary was to be a line drawn from the River value of 3.377,0001. ; in 1840 it amounted to 6,547,000 i.,
:tore
the speech from the Throne. I think I have shown with regard St. Louis in the north-west, along a ridge of highlands to the nearly double during that space of time, ill spite of that ''s ia
to that speech : that we have afforded the Government. none head of the Conneethtut Ilivar in the south• It was supposed extinction ot trade which wee the result of our operati'),Va•
facility iii making it, for without reference te what we have for a leng time that there was a natural ineompatibility between spite- tif the mischievous tendency of our restless internre'n't est
done iheir seeech would have been meagre ineeed. Neve what the words of the treaty and the natural features of the country; , I say them, that in regatd to our home affairs the prole'. ne
have the Goveinment been doing since? Why there has not and on that erroneous imnreseion we for some time acted. en I upon the whole. cheering rather than otherwite, becaiunciplel
a single month !rased in which there have not been lying on the first place, just after we had come irito office, and when: we
the table of the House treaties concluded by us, but ehich it had riot : thoroughly studied the subject, we expressed our I internstlity
I have now a Gtvernment pledged and cenunitted to pr tt. t e
of trade, which, for thew own sake, as well as for the
Netherlands ;
has been their fate, in consequence of the position in which williegnets to accept of the conventional line revised by the
they stand, to lay on the table of the House. There have been King of the fortunately for me the Americans .•the country, they are beund to carry into full excention
litter,
Walks u p and down and backwards and forwards innumerable rrtfuted to accede to that proposition. We 'then offered, not. 1 cati-( Heart-principles. I say, from which they cannot •e.....t
tin
They eatinot stand still, they must go on-( Hear, heart), hate
to the table in order to lay upon it treaties eeneluded by us. being aware of die merits of our cause, to divide th„nuart, in 1 the country has now the satisfaction of knoning that ti.'',..}tion'
Elf yen of cur treaties have they laid en the table of the. dispute, re
maeing the St. John's Elver the boundary ; and that i a Government not only proposing and deeply imbued w:tu
.crett
House-five of a commercial nature, two political, and four also the .Americans refused to accede to• It then occurred to .us i princieles, but that that. &taverner:mit !s supported byntitr.fliag
for the ;tuppression of slavery. In that number I have included to do that which no preceding. Government heel thought of d(i. I majority in the House of Lords, is backed by an over wane sten
a treaty which does not bear the name of a treaty, but which inz. 'f he two Governments had all this time benw`disputing 1 majority in the House ot Commons; and that if by tar•Yenn,
is a most important coeventional agreement with Denmark about the treatv, assuming that its execution wa.s incompati- ! dent theY shaulti be deterted by a portion of their t tvocinpies
for the reaulation of tolls levied in th•• Sound. Whose duties, b'e with the -Patures of the country, but neither of t' ( Hear, hear)-....in their attempts to carry those great itlrt, note'
it. was contended, were higher than the treaties ot 1641 and the Governmente knew, anything at all n 3 to ' what I int° executitm, tint Opposition of the eresent day tttentbene
1701 justified the Got ernment of Denim' Is
- in levying. Whe the features of that countrn reallY were.- ( Ilear. hear. ) I like the Oppotition af a. former day - ( Cheers)-pritolveroot;
matter was the sulject of very long negotiations on the one We sent Cerninissionersto explore and minutelv examine the j selves in obetruct Mg -n, Ilanewed cheers i-every iwPrkeep t"
side and the other, Out the Government of Dsmnark at last boundariet and to report whether the hne which we claimed I and make it their boast tbat they endeavoured to , s
nun,
acted in a mantier which did thein greatilionour, and a d ~
l' t. .1
I. . I t I in • f 1 • t • •Tition try ; but that there is an UPI' titt
gree or the American ine was tee more lecornenane wit.) toe ; a at, s o tme teen ty ... t ,
ttu appoint a Commiseierier to meet a Commissioner appointed be • • ' f h stl su mort the Governeinn
' • • .I) a ill cerebella. antt oone Y 11. . , 0 ~I
strict interpretation o. tee treaty and the teatimes of the mein- ; tion %hie
our t tovernment at Elisinere. Those Connuissionern • A - • 1 n wevenieet anti whoa ,
' • - • t nraftica. )1.1 , ~
en
in 11,,elbt try. The Commission was appointect fuel the first report wat : mil every meaeura t•
last Year, signed art agreement, Ly which the toll - ''
•'
' ' them, if tine
- o n tarces ehould desert it lete
s wee° regue made ab•int three years ago ; and that report proved that the , eueine call)
hetet"' so as to be in t anforieite with the • ' i ,es into lair nett legitimate and t 0
ancient principle ef one tine we claimed was cousistent both with the words of the treaty I to eim, y the:e rine p.
Per eent• on all gned, passing through the Sound. I hope the arid with the features (if the country, teLsmech Rs tt goes fern; • eed effectual °Pe' ati'n•-( Ulcers.) I sey, dr .
ereame, tha
cheering'
Government mid be able in &rot a sitnilar arrannement on a the N°rthWrstern Im'nt alon' the rid eof a chain "f lii 'bland, ; far as our ht•me affairs are coucet tied; the proseect Is I
loot t°
similar question, between this couetry and Ilano'ver-I 'mean It was inest •• . ' ' g ' f'' •-• e t fo•eign pelicy, I have alrearty gated that „it,
satislactorn to find that our line could be main- r I 3 o' our ' Le u
I the Stade dutien The Government of Hanover have f • 1 • ' •
, or a• tamed ry a strict appltcation of the words of the treaty •It r"
• nit considerable apprehension ; het:Luse I fear that t.v of
I lone ti rity of apath.,,
e me, let lei higher duties en good., than they are allowed te the features. of .the country But as it might ha t
peen r vernment are rutting tnitun a system of tante t, , ra, re.
hy exidirg treaties. But the capiicious uucertaiott. attendieg that it mialit not be -free from 'tit. n I 1- - I 1 tehreis'-tml• 'f''''"`-'-."" lam affaij 6.'l' 'lli'
In'
' .lit'cr'
1
tlwse ' • '
oldies, Is a greater vexation thael the amount. itself. The tpute. as t.e ire. e a,rnee .
by the Ain . ' •ht 1. le b t b th •
emcees mg aso a orne ou y e morns e
I • eards the King of Hanover-(Hear, hear. an .
~
dd, nerve a, ,
ards I:, enc"
Got • m the Ministerial betiches)-or, whether ae .ce _ staid
eniment of Hanover is not entitled to levy more than elle- of the treaty and the character ef the country, we ap- ll' '
ebanistan-1 ant aw 3
sixteenth :Ton goods. Having been applied to by us, they pointed a Commission to ascertain if that could ba the missionaries, or whether we look to At%
repared to ant oliG,I,
agreed to ap;:oiro a Commissioner, as Denmark had clone, to ease.-(Chrers.) So far were we from leaving tide an eine that in every part of the wer',cl they are I'
t, _
etstentetnuas
meet our Commissizaer• th treat on this matter. We thought
.harrai,sell ease.-(Cheere) 'This Report Was Matle last vvintec, It Sys!,.m oi subruis,ion ; and I know that stu ala:.
it
wouia ne
that the Hanoverian teovereencei, like that of Denmark, would and the Right Hon• Batotiet privately showed it to me, but as be as ;mai to the hest interests of the coon rty,
a o, its :1011001'
have instructed their Cernmiettionea to reeise the existing it has :since been la!dliefure the Iltu; e, I IDay say that it proves in wit oirinten, iticontist, nt with, and deregiatioornyv,t
hich ii readl
tariff, and ieake it iu conformity with nit enchmt tres'iss ; but. ti";t 'b° ila'er"an lint' dees nut fu tit the conditions ef the -( tit a:., berm. ) 11ut if there is an Oppos
iro rove our es'
to our surprise, tee found dial, when the Continitsieners met, treaty, fer the nee Warts front the lame point as oars, and runs 10 supi (yr the Government in any age. 1
"T 1 lt to p
; 'Io s°
t there .s a,s v
d tba
-the Hanoverian Connniteroner %yea roily instructed to make wmee aloug a bigYand r euntry in ran, nut which, far from going toyed system, let them be assu.tche
inere,sing
t,,,,,trke eta.
new tariff, neither fuueded on the treaties of foimer periods, ;'• ',yard, the head of On Conneetnew River is w'rrate ' ' "nr e Onte. •tii•ri whith t*.ill "a'"l' '
~,,.,,t„, the tumour, or the°
, nor founded on the prestint tariff, That-at once brought "oat- Iby a steempy plain, which euuld in no ea- be construed into a in; asuies that ate to aaect tout. ii"``
d therefore, though Nvc ar*
i ters to a stand. I urged upon the Hanoverian Government ridge of highlattb.::...(Cheels.) Thus tit- the SteVl which we thgnity of the cc,untry. A '

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