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London, England, 1820-01-07 00:00:00

to be pursued, these objects should be constantly
held in view, and have their due weight. Our
national honour mast be maintained, and a new

and a distinguished proof be afforded of that re-
g rd for justice and moderation, which has inva-
riably governed the councils of this free people,
It must be obvious to all, that if the United States

l►ad been desirous of making conquests, or had
been even willing to aggrandize themselves in that
way, they could have had no inducement to form
this Treaty. They would have much cause for
gratidal ion, at the course which has been pursued
by Spain. An ample field for ambition is open
before them ; but such a career is not consistent

with the principles of their Government, nor the

interesti t.)l the Nation.

From a full view of all circumstances, it is sub-
mitted to the consideration of Congress, whether

it will not be proper for the United States So
carry the conditions of the Treaty into effect in
the, same manner as if it had been ratified by
Spain, claming on their part all its advantages,
and yielding to Spain those seemed to her. By
pursuing this course we shall rest on the sacred
ground of right, sanctioned, in the most solemn
manner, by Spain herself, by a Treaty she was
bound to ratify, `or refusing to do which she must
incur the censure of other nations, even those

most friendly to her ; while, by confining our-
selves within that limit, we cannot fail to obtain
their well-merited approbation. We must have
peace on a frontier where we have been so long
disturbed, our citizens most be •indemnified for

losses so long since sustained, and for which in-
demnity has been so long unjustly withheld from
them. Accomplishing these great objects, we ob-

tain all that is desirable.

But his Catholic Majesty has twice declared his
determination to send a Minister to the United

States to ask explanations on certain points, and
to give them respecting his delay to ratify the
treaty. Shall we act, by taking tt)e ceded terri-
tory, and proceeding to execute the other condi-
tions of the treaty, before this Minister arrives
and is heard ? This is a case which forms a strong
appeal to the candour, the megnanimity, and
honour of this people. Mitch is due to courtesy
between nations. By a short delay, we shall lose
nothing; for, resting on the ground of immuta-
ble truth pod justice, we cannot be diverted
from our purpose. It ought to be presumed
that the explanations which may be given to
;the Minisrer of Spain, will be satisfactory and
produce the desired result. In any event, the
delay, to' the purpose mentioned, btiing a further
manifeste.tion of the sincere desire to terminate in
the mos, friendly manner all differeoces with Spain,
cannot fad to be duly appreciated by his Catholic
Nlajesty, as well as by other Powers. It is sub-
mitted therefore, whether it will not be proper to
snake the law proposer! for carrying the conditions
of the Treaty into clf:!ct, should it be adopted,
contingent ; to suspend its operation upon the
responsibility of tbe Executive, in such manner,
as to afford an cppottunity for such friendly ex-
planations as n►ay be desired during the present
Session of Congress.
I communicate to Congress a copy of the treaty,
and of the instructions to the Minister of the
United States at Madrid respecting it, of his coy-
tespo!;dence with the Minister of Spain, and of
such other documents as may be necessary to give
a full view of the subject.

In the course which the Spanish Government
hare, on this occasion, thought proper to pursue,
if is satisfactory to know that they have not been
CoorUetianced by- any other European power. On
the e•ottrary, the opinion and wishes, both of
France and Great Britain have not been withheld,
either from the United States or from Spain ; and
have been unequivocal in favour of the ratification.
There is also reason to believe, that the senti-
ments of the Imperial Government of Russia have
been the same, and that they have also been made
known to the Cabinet of Madrid.
In the civil war existing between Spain and the
Spanish Pcovinces in this hemisphere, the great-
est care has been taken to enforce the laws in-
tended to preserve an impartial neutrality. Our,
ports have continued to be equally open to both
parties, and on the same conditions ; and our ci-
tizens have been equally restrained from interfer-
ing in favour of either to the prejudice of the
other. The progress of the war, however,
has operated manifestly in favour of the Co-
lonies. Buenos Ayres still maintains unshaken
the independence which it declared in 1816, end
has enjoyed since 1810. Like success has also
lately attended Chili, and the provinces north
of the La Plata, bordering on it, and likewise
Venezuela.
This contest has from its commencement. been
very interesting to other Powers, and to none
more so than to the United States. A virtuous
people may, and will confine themselves within the
limits of a strict neutrality ; but it is not in their
power to behold a conflict so vitally important to
their neighbours, without the sensibility and sym-
pathy which naturally belong to such a ease. It has '
been the steady purpose of thin Government to
prevent that feeling leading to excess, and it is
very gratitYing to have it in my power to state,,
that so strong has been the sense throughout the
whole community of what was due to the cha-
racter and obligations of the nation, that few
examples of a contrary kind have occurred.
The distance of the colonies lions the parent
country, and the great extent of their population
and resources, gave them advantages which it was
anticipated at a very early period, it would be dif-
ficult for Spain to surmount. The steadiness,
consistency, and success, with which they have
pursued their object, as evinced more particularly
by the undisturbed sovereignty which Buenos
Ayres has so long enjoyed, evidently give them
a strong claim to the favourable consideration of
other nations. These sentiments, on the part
of the United States, have not been withheld
from other powers, with whom it is desirable
to act in concert. Should it become manifest
to the world that the efforts of Spain to subdue
those provinces will be truitless, it may be pre-
sumed that the Spanish Government itself kvill
give op the contest. 10 producing such a deter-
ruination, it cannot be doubted that the tiPinii)"
of friet,dly Powrrs, who have taken no part
to the controVerby, will have their mutated in-
fluence.

It as of the highest importance to our uational