The Sun.
London, England, 1842-05-06 00:00:00

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LONDON
FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 6, 1842.

Mr. ROEBUCK last night gave notice, and, in giving
it, was loudly cheered by both sides, that he would
ask this evening, Lord CHELSEA, Mr. RUSSELL, Captain
PLUMBIDGE, Sir J. C. HonHousE, Sir G. H. DE LAK•
PENT, Mr. ELPHINSTONE, Mr. JOHN ATTWOOD, and
Major BEBESFORD, if any one of them was cognisant of,
or a party to, any arrangement by which he is to vacate
his seat, notwithstanding a Committee has declared him
duly elected. The Hon. Member is also to move for a
Select Committee to inquire whether certain parties con-
nected with the trial of election petitions have not been
guilty of a breach of the privileges of the House. We
regard this as a spirited, a proper, and an independent,
though, perhaps, not a delicate proceeding, and we have
no doubt that Mr. ROEBUCK will make out such a case
as will astonish the public.
He will show, if we are not misinformed, that in nu-
merous cases the judgments of the Committees, though
according to the evidence brought before them, have
been dictated by the parties to the contest., settling
amongst themselves who shall have the seats. He will
show that gentlemen have entered into bargains to retire
from the House after short periods, to make way for their
opponents, and if he can get at the facts he will probably
prove that in these cases money to pay costs has been an
ingredient of the corrupt bartering. We earnestly hop
that the Hoia. Member will unveil the whole of th
roguery, and place the legislature of this empire before
the public in its proper character. What that is, it may
not be prudent for us to say; but Mr. ROEBUCK'S motion
properly carried out, will prove whether it deserve the
public confidence, or whether it be as corrupt a. body as
ever presumed to usurp the great and solemn function
of law-making.
We will say no more, preferring to wait till Mr. ROE-
BUCK has stated the facts in the House of Commons ;
we shall merely observe that the mode of leading evi-
dence, by which the Committee is compelled to come to
any decision on which the parties have agreed, will not.
be remedied by any other mode of forming Election
Committees. Against this species of corruption even
Mr. O'CoNsrm.'s plan to make the Judges of Westmin-
ster Hall the Presidents of the Committees, would be of
no avail. They could only decide according to the evi-
dence, end the parties would place before them such
'evidence as would produce the decision they wished.
,:...,k n officer appointed by the House of Commons to carry
1 on the proceedings and arrange the evidence, indepen-
-1 aeittly of the parties, will be required to give efficacy
;to tlw scheme. The electors may, in some degree, pro-
`,.tect'themselves, by invariably defeating the objects pro-
posed by those who enter into such compromises.

1 great Whig-Tory, or Tory-Whig philosopher, we
know not which, licu; found out that the people are not
,to be entrusted with political power, because " they
t. Inuit in herds." The argument seems applied on the old
p, inciple, that any stick is good enough to beat a dog ;
the people. are to be denied political power at all hazards,
am' any kind of argument will bolster up the foregone
cone.usion. One more inappropriate, and, at the same
time, more correct in statement, is difficult to find.
Individuals of the lower classes, middle classes, up.
per classes—the clergy, the military, the navy—men of
different trades, do think alike or in herds, and so thinking,
each class follows somecorresponding line of action, and is,
by its thoughts and conduct, separated and distinguished
from every other class. To think in herds, therefore, is

common to all mankind, and to draw an inference from that
nf,.:ainst intrusting some portion of them with political
p• aver, is like dooming them to exclusion because they
heave two hands and two legs, which they do not use in
recisely the same manner as the aristocracy use their
ha tub; and legs.
What, too, is the process of thinking, that it should
be made, as it were, a matter of reproach to the loner
classes that.they follow it in herds? In all cases, thinking
is the result of the action of the external world on
man. The test of truth is always an outward and ma-
terial object. That is the link between all minds, and
there is no other. We cannot see each others thoughts,
but we each suggest something to the minds of others,
by referring to the universal external standard. The
most profound philosopher—a BACON or a NEWTON, and
the humblest Nvorkman, equally appeal to some external
fact, ill the last resort, as the test of the accuracy
to truth of the thoughts he communicates to
others. If the standard and source of the thoughts
a ail men be onn type common to all,
though it aff(cts individuals differently, men not
only must think in herds, but in proportion as they
all agree, so will their thoughts he accurate. Not
to think in herds, is to be a crotchety person, a person
,destitute of common sense, a madman; whence it follows,
of, the sublime theory of the Tory-Whig writers that
only- the crotchety or the insane are qualified to, form
the em2stituency and the Legislature.
The same fact is true of the passions. Men pursue
the same objects, as well as think in herds. To say
nothing of the common appetites, which we all share and
seek to gratify much after the same manner, the pur-
suit of wealth, of political power, or ambition is a very
gregarious propensity. But far from looking at the
universal truth, that men think and act in herds, as a
reason for excluding any portion of the people from po.
litical power, it seems to us the very element of politicxil
stability. It is because people do think in herds, because
one generation hands down its trains of thought to
another, and because peculiar trains of thought arts
common to the bulk of the English, the French, or any
other people, that the national existence of each, and
the national institutions of each, are maintained separate
and independent.
That the multitude may; in so thinking, follow one
mind, is a true, but not a disabling fact. Every truth
dawns first on some individual mind, and the multitude
are no more to be censured for following Mr. FEARGUS
O'CoNxon, if he expound political truth, than fur follow-
ing NEWTON after he had expounded the principle of
gravity.
The great object of politics should be to guide and
govern society at every moment by the sum of ALL THE
KNOWLEDGE extant—an end which can never be reached
by' excluding from all Tower, as far as the Constitution
and the law can exclude them, five-sixths of the mature
males in existence.
It is customary, we allow, for certain classes to assume
that their peculiar knowledge should alone be the guide
of society. They call themselves the authors or heralds
of civilization. We differ from them. The civilization
of society in one age does not take its hue from the poli-
tical or religious leaders of the preceding age. WAL-
POLE, CHATHAM, NORTH, and Fox, had little or nothing
to do with the invention of the steam-engine, and the
development of that nranufacturing system which is
the peculiar feature of the civilisation of this age. It.
was not by the will of the priesthood, prior to 1780,
that Dissent has become formidable.
Thus, we take leave to say that the political leaders
leave little or no impression on the civilization of the
next age. It is not their peculiar knowledge, but the
general knowledge of their age, which is the parent of
the civilization of the next age. It ought also to ba the
guide of the national policy, which it never can be, as
long as the bulk of the nation is excluded, by the vain
and selfish few, from direct, and immediate contral
over the Legislature,

M
P "SEWELL (late of the firm of Sew ell and.
tross) begs most respectfully to inform the
Gentry". and the Public that he has just concluded an
array Bement with the representative of his late Partr er, Mr.
CR' JSS, for the PURCHASE of COMPTON B OUSE,
tor,itither with the remaining portion of the STO CK in
'..RADE, and that it is his intention in future to awry on
the business in conjunction with two of the principa 1 young
'men, Mr. EVANS!, and Mr. HUBBARD, vvhohave bee nin the
'House seventeen years, and his Neyhew, Mr. BACON, under
the firm of SEWELL, EVANS, and eo., and trusts, by the
strictest attention, to merit a continuance of that pa'. nonage
which has already been so liberally bestowed. In order to make
the necessary arrangements for the purchasing of New Stock,
which will consist both of British and Foreign =nub ictures,
.:tbe premises are closed, and will be re-opened on 3 londay,
16th inst.
N.B.—The remaining portion of the old stock will be cleared
out at a great sacrifice.—Compton House, 44, and 15, Old ,
Compton-street, and 46 and 47, Frith-street, Soho.

ROYAL FANCY BALL—EXCLUSIVE.
/V HE COURT JOURNAL of TO-111011 ROW
LL will contain EXCLUSIVE PARTICULARS• of her
..11AJEST'Y'S FANCY BALL, comprising an accurate De-
scrlptiou,Of the Costumes and Characters to be assumed by the
Distinguished Personages honoured by Invitation to a FETE
unparatleled at. the English Court.
The same Nuniber will also contain, on AN EXTRA
SHEET, GRATISjsan ample Critique on the Painting it 1
the Royal Academy Exhibitiori.
Forwarded, Postage free, b; all Booksellers and Newstara
W. TI:IOMAS, 19% Catherine-street, Strand.

THE MARQUIS OF LONDONDERRY'S NEW WO T K.
Just ready, in 2 vols. Svo ' with Illustrations,
THE JOURNAL OF
A TOUR TO CONSTANTINOP LE ;
ri By the Danube, in 1840-41.
By C. W. VANE.
CIS of LONDONDERY, G.C.8., &c.
' Ti which is annexed, the Author's Correspondence v rith
Prinee Metternich, Loris Ponsonby, Palmerston, &c
Miry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

abuses, they could never have been attended with such la-
mentable consequences as are perceived at present for the
first time. Is it possible, we ask, that our commerce could
have been ruined, and our navy annoyed and insulted for ten
years, without a cry having been uttered from one end of the
kingdom to the other ? Believe it whomay, we Certainly do not
Vexatious proceedings and unjust seizures have been cited; we
do not deny the truth of such statements for a moment. The
treaties themselves contemplated the possibility of abuses, and
have provided the means of obtaining redress. We have re-
commended that such matters should be represented to the Go-
vernment, which will apply to England, and we hope—nay, we
are convincFd, that. justice will be dealt out to our just applica-
tions. This is all we advise, and yet for this we have excited
the fury of the patriots of the old and new schools. War is all
their cry. They wish to begin with cannon-shots, and after-
wards tome to some understanding on the matter when
France and England shall have reciprocally burnt their fleets
and done each other as much injury as possible, or to abolish
files treaty of 1833 and tear up our signatures, which would
bra a totally new proceeding amongst civilised nations, and
'would highly honour the France of 1830 ! It would be a fine
• sight to find the country, which is named Liberal par ercellerice,
and which first proclaimed the rights of man, commencing
against England and against Europe a war in favour of
slavery. And let us, even with the risk of having ourselves
doubly abused, tell the whole truth, and inquire since what
period the infamous traffic in slaves has relaxed? Since the
Treaties of 1831 and 1833, and the establishment of the right
of search. The Revolution of July took pride in having
abolished a commerce which so cruelly outraged the dignity of
man. We were not willing to leave to England the honour of
having driven slavery from the world, and are we already tired
of our efforts ? Have we done what England has effected ?
Have we paid 500 millions of francs to purchase the liberty of a
portion of the human race?

A FRAUDULENT LEGISLATURE.-011April 5, Sir Ro-
bert Peel gave this definition of fraud—a " combination,
for the purpose of influencing the market." He was
speaking on the Corn-law averages, while he was carry-
ing a Bill, by a combination of nearly all the landlords
in Parliament, to influence the market. We appeal to
Sir Robert Peel, therefore, whether ours be not a Frau-
dulent Legislature ?
Mr. Simpson, of Bucklersbury, as will be seen from
the advertisements in The Sun of this day, has received
directions to sell some valuable estates in Ireland, as
well as in different parts of England. Some of these
have an annual rental of from 5001. to 10,0001. a year ;
and, when money is so plentiful, there is every probabi•
lity that there will be a keen competition for the pro-
perty. Mr. Simpson has long been employed as the
principil agent for the sale of Irish estates ; and from
NEW NOVEL 111 Y L. E. L. the faithful description which he generally gives of their
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., with Portrait of the - value. , his estimates have been received with implicit
Authoress, by Finslen. confidence. Gentlemen who wish to purchase can judge
LAD Y AN Y E Gil AN ARD -; for themselves ; and will, therefore, naturally consult
OR, KEEPING UP APPEARANCES. their own interest, by making personal inquiry of Mr.
By L. E. L., Fssimpson, who will give them every information.
Authoress of " -Ethel Churehill," " The Improvisatrice," Sm. , ,the following was posted at Lloyd's yesterday :—" A
" This.legacy) left to vs by one of the most brilliant arid
gifted a
loo.,eapolintan authorities in London, requesting the Consulication has been received in Liverpool from the
female a liters our own ,or 'any other time, will no' mmu
,
merely maintain, it will enlarge and strengthen, the high aa. Neapolitan
lnation of ikia lamented Author. It is a most amusing. there to caution the Captains of. Neapolitan vessels
attractive AO rel."—Naval and Military Gazette against the pending danger of reprisals, in consequence
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-s'assat. of disputes that have arisen between the Neapolitan and
-- Dutch Governments."
At the close of the proceedings of the House of Com-
mons last night, a new wit for Nottingham, in place of
Sir G. 11. De Larpent, who has accepted the Chiltern
Hundreds, was mov,,d for, but the motion was got rid of
by the House lying adjourned. There is no longer,
therefore, any doubt of the disgraceful compromise.
Her Majesty and Prince Albert, and the Royal Suite,
left Buckingham Palace this day for Claremont Park,
where the Court is expected to remain until Monday
next. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales
and the Princess Royal, were taken in one of the Royal
carriages and four.
PARISH OF MARYLEBONE.—The poll for the election
of vestrymen and auditors for 1842 terminated yester-
dsay, when the Liberals had a majority of 848 over the
Tories—the numbers being, 1,320 for the Liberal candi-
dates, and 472 for their opponents.
That indefatigable opponentl of Church-rates, Mr.
Childs, after great expense and no little anxiety, has
just gained another victory over his prosecutors, the
Churchwardens of St. Mary, Btmgay. Mr. Childs had
been summoned before the Justices for the non-payment
of three shillings and fourpence its 1839, when he
took objections to the validity of the rate, and shortly
afterwards a suit was commenced against him, which
terminated only on the 3d instant. On that day the Con-
sistorial Court of Norwich gave judgment, when Mr.
Evans, the Judge, decided that the defendant was
perfectly justified in opposini, the proceedings, that the
plaintiffs had thrown much obstruction and difficulty in
his way, that the defendant had come out of the case
with clean hands, and he must therefore declare the rate
void, with costs to the defendant. This suit has been
proceeding now for twenty-seven months, and has
caused the defendant, and others engaged in the suit, to
travel snore than a thousand miles. What, then, be-
comes of Sir Herbert Jenner's remark that these Courts
are not expensive, and how could a poor man resist such
oppression ? There is one cause, however, for congra-
tulation—the Churchwardens, from the day they assailed
Mr. Childs, now nearly eight years, have never made a
move that has not damaged themselves.

NEW NOVEL, EDITED BY CAPTAIN CHAMIIER.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
ASSION AND PRINCIP LE,
Edited by Capt. FREDERICK CHAMIER.
This entertaining and instructive novel readts like a piece of
private family history put on record for the behoof of distant
friends or relatives. It reports the sayings and doing, of its
fictitious characters as carefully, and, to all practical effect, as
accurately, as Mies Burney does those of her real ones, in 'her
delightful ' Diary.' "—Naval and Military Galette,
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Wow read, in one volume, comprising as much matter ais 20 or-
dinarkl.voluirsiv,ritl 1,r(00 E
3/1 •AN BARONET
AGE BAR'AAGSE FOR 1842'i,
Corrected to the Present Time, from the Communications of
the Nobility, &c., and containing a Suppletr.ent, with
ALL the NEW CREATIONS,.
" Mr. Burke's Peerage and Baronetage ;.s the most com-
plete, the most convenient, and the cheap'..Nst work of the kind
over offered to the public."—Sun.
Henry Cliurn, Publisher, la, Grant Marlborough-street.

THOS. ILN:RRIS r.ncl SON'S TELESCOPES
are warranted u-,iesualled by any other house at the
pric, s. ben', carriage, free, to any part of the kingdom. Cash
first remitted. Isaa.anged if not approved. Tourists should
not be without Qr.e,..
A pocket tel e3eope to show objects 8 miles off... £0 18 0
A pocket t, Auto!, to show objects 12 miles ... 1 10 0
A pocket'
.elescol eto show objects 16 miles..... 2 2 0
A roAet iscleseol eto show objects 20 miles. ... 4 0 0
Thomas Harris and Son, Opticians, 52, opposite the British
Museum., London, established 60 years.—T. Harris and ;ion
are nett .e, related to, nor in any way connected with a firm
of the s wse name.

-I_IIP,;E\TE BROTHERS beg to state that the
_ AUSTRIAN MONEY DISTRIBUTIONS, for
vrhi, h they are selling Selected and Genuine Bonds, take place
eg ilarly on the following days-Ist of March, let of Alay% and
•sO of September. On the let of June a selection of Bonds it
to ki tg place relative to Distribution of the Ist of September.
7.'he Bonds belonging to the Distribution of let of May have al-
-ready been selected on the Ist of February. Direct fa.. Genuine
Beads from those selected to take part in the Dia' ribution of
the let of May, without delay to
HEINE BROTHERS at HAYABURGH.
Every Genuine Bond, taking part in the Di'itribution of Ist
of May, is sure to obtain at least 6.11. sterlill largest Divi-
steed 22,500/. sterling—liamburgh, April ig 2.

‘VEATHER.--N, O'ON, MAY 5.
R 'AL CI A LLERY OF SCION
.13, A DEL...UDE-STREET
'Ti,ennonieter 59
13w.omcler 9.3s.—Wind W.

hi iii 'AT LONDON BRIDGE THI.7) DAY.
"brains...... 3 af.nute, after 11 I Evening

- _ _ _ --
All. A.Ever ilztr-nento of a Disgusting' Character,
or I' ..en,Jral Tendency, are excluded from
the, Columns of " The Hun."

,§)Atile

*trontilßbittoii

SUN OFFICB Three o'Cloch.

The Emperor of -Russia is engaged in a contest with
his Nobles about the emancipation of the serfs through-
out his dona'nions. His Imperial MAJEsTY is opposed
to aerfege. Mad since his accession has done all in his
power to, give freedom to the most oppressed and most
dftservinr; class of his, subjects. The Nobles, however,
whil are the owners of the serfs, and who re-
ar them in the light of property, are so op-
loosed to the measure that a revolution may be expected,
'should the EMPEROR persevere. Nov, persevere he will.
All who know anything of the character of the Emperor
NactioLAs, must be aware that he never swerves from
any purpose which he has once undertaken. His ob•
stinacy is so great that nothing can remove it. It
mutters not whether the course to be pursued is right
or wrong, the CZAR never swerves from it. Fortunately
the course which he is now pursuing is the right one.
Serfage in Russia is but a modification of slavery as it
'exists in the Southern States of Nort'q America. The
Russian serf can obtain liberty on no terms
whatever. If he follow any trade or profession, he
cannot remove five miles from his native village
without the written permission of his master, which is
alw tys obtained with difficulty. His earnings, his wife,
his children, are all the property of his toaster, and the
instances are exceedingly rare in which serfs have been
altos ed upon any terms to purchase their liberty. Some
of the serfs engaged in trade, especially in the Baltic
provinces, are rich, their families highly accomplished,
and yet at the beck of their masters they may at any
moment see their daughters torn from them, and given
to boors without their consent, and themselves reduced to
• the most abject slavery and misery. The pride of a Rus-
sian Noble is to have as many serfs'as possible, and the more
he has the greater is the consideration in which he is
held by his compeers. To diminish the power of the:
Nobles is the main object of the EMPEROR'S attempt to
emancipate the serfs. While serfage exists he reigns. by
the sufferenco of the Nobles, and he wants to be absolute.
We, however, care nothing what are his intentions, so
long as his acts are liberal and beneficent. Now next
to the abolition of the African slave-trade, the abolition
of serfage in Russia is one of the greatest boons that
could be conferred upon the human race. But it re-
quire& to be done with great caution, and to be accom-
partied with measures making the letting of land com-
pulsory on the part of the great proprietors. The
omission of such measures on the part of the Imperial
Gemernment, completely neutralized the benefits which
might Lave been expected frern the abolition of serfage,
at few years ago, in some of the Baltic provinces. The
former rnalsters of the emanipated serfs united in
refusing to let, them land on any terms, in consequence
of which they were reduced to such misery as to im-
plore the authorities to allow them to return to their
former condition. The fact was seized upon at the time
by the Nobles, as demonstrating how much Russians pre-
ferred serfage to freedom, and for a time the resolution of
the EMPEROR seemed shaken by it. But the actual
circumstances of the case becoming known, the EMPEROR
more than ever determined to restrict a power which
was shown to be too great to be controlled by an Im-
perial Ukase. We shall enter more into the details of
this question on a future day.

The Right of Search question continues to excite the
attention of the French Journals. The following
sensi-
ble re narks of the Journal des Debuts, stated to be from
the nof M. GtJIZOT, are in answer to the ribald
attacks on England in the I'resse and the National.
They are worthy of their imputed author :
We need not dwell on the last treaty relative to the right of
search. The Chamber, havjpg testified its '
Government has sot ratified it, and M. Gui:zapprobation, the
oth
as repeated,
even to satiety, in terms the clearest and most
language can furnish, that unless important precise that
modifications should
less
true, introduced, it will not be ratified at all. What is not
true, and what France ought not to be mistaken about is, that
England has a right to be astonished at this refusal to ratify,
and at the explosion of abuse willich accompanied it—for the
treaty was our work as much as hers. We, like her, had
negotiated for it in the great Courts of Europe for years to-
gether, and under every Ministry since 183:3. We may be
accused over and over again of having an English heart, but
what we have just stated will not be the less true, and it is
not our fault if for ten years the persons, who take as the
text of their declamations the treaty of 1841, have done every
thing in their power to have it concluded signed, and ratified.
Let it not be ratified if such a line of conduct appears ad-
Tislblei but let us not appear ridiculous in speaking of per-
fidy. To hear the present outcry, one might suppose the
treaty of 1833, with the right of search, was quite a new dis-
covery. What ! if a great abuse existed, would everybody
remain silent for ten years? But the truth is, either the
treaty w unknown or eatirely forgotten, and this is the
iery best- proof that if the right of search produced some