The Sun.
London, England, 1816-07-31 00:00:00

DlviD;r:Nris.

Aug. 3. A. Read, of I,mrcr tirosrctior-atrect, wine,ruer-
ehant«-Aug. J. J. Jentimr and T. Parsoos,
Ibreccher.-titalcen—A,uc, ga, W. I'4l'o*Hr:q.t. Whioroall, Suf.
folk, willer--;,Artg. 3s. W. tiolilinF, t.'arendish sqtrulk, hay«
johbvr—Attg. 43. T. Great YATOOOth, woollon«
draper—Aui,,...n. 'C. MoOn sod C. 011ry, George-street,
Portautrr•square, Irrewers—Aug. al. .1. 'l.trylor, Part.-streeti
Southwark, wheelwright—..'-us.3o. Z. keppell,lotv of Alford,
Surrvy, buildcr—Ang. /O. Nl.thrugan,
tor-agent—Aug. 20. T. Holt, 11611-trrall, tewt-Ler—Auc. 34.
V. Muntlin, Strand, jeweller=-Aug. 20. W. blaittiehl, Nevi-
putt, Salop, woolleudotpor —Aug. H. EX: avy, late of arii-
tol, trierebirlit —Aug. 20 W. 1-tewlett, Baildwos, Salop, far.
rater-LArtg. Scaright, Liverpool, merchaut—Ao4.
A. Clibborne, II Averfoedwest, met chant—Aug. 31, It. Ifm -
Bar, Belts, barge.vaititer—.lug. in. It. D. Clreltvir.
ham, linen-tit.:Ovr—Ao.g. 20. It. Milvs, Loudon, t001v14,1,---.
Aug. 20. 3. Waving,, Altou, bouthamiton, woolstaplit.

CEILTIFICATES—Auou sr 20.
w. Jones, cheocr, innkteffer—C, Ait 11 at, Birmingham,
Victualler--R. Buskin, 'Crtir linen-druper-4. Stevens.
tate a Cheltenham, riettmllur--1. Smith, 'lanai**, .Derby
tlver-4-.1. Bishop, pith; Silas Quebcc,p
Murrcheiter, haft-tutmuincturer—T.Metcer, Imtc "I'uti4ridge,
Krut, amdrewsi Mint:tries, •h.l, insurailcu
bruttcr-W. C. Hilt, Bristol, curvet' and HufroCks.
Bultun.lt.Moors, losocashirc, nionufactures-,41. &minium,
tate of Darnley, Lanca,ltire, victualler.
PARTNERSHIPS riI.S.!.:OLVEI).
W. Smith, C. hoingham and T. Mereditis Hintan.lftls?,

Wtircester, altr ittfd pnrtur tircwers--.C. I3u.h llis avid W.
Ocrk, Oh! City Chtmatiers, anticurrosiViinan.t(Atiturtrs.—W.
Punter unit W. Punter, jun. Itlnt-lanc, lirotwrs-3..%.thertott
and J. Mather, Stmts.'', Lancashire, vottuti.spintiers—.H.
Blunt and W. 41.. Pao per, sh.ort, Su.irx, Puri•
try told J. 'ti..iKht, Huniberbank-yarJ, Kinptowainpu.Kull,
thip.earnenters-1. Haley, M. `t-itiith, and
iey, Lecd*, eloth-I ti nantacturers—E. Oittips iu,d
Briagoorth, Salop, institsterst--+M. arht J. Volts, .(itiosit
Chavlutte•street, Illtivkfriars-r04,1„ hot- intinal.st.turvrs-4. dna
4. Waiter, .titro,trr, tirs4). 11611 J. P4dtil' 4/.
Nutitiv,Nornerscishire, Coat. al,ct Urn.
NeNvhury► bargk.-sua*ters—.W. ormen, J. L.Wstili;
b0tyg1.1,1144,1.1. lktsty!) t.thcsumittlitAitrtsrs.,

AN 1) r, INT git
`DISIRESS—OENERAL DISTRESS-
-43001tT IthTES, &c.

Eprroit or THE SUN.

am led to wish, and to solicit, the in-
sertion in your valuable columns ,of the follow--
ing " Thoughts on. the Subjects of our National
Policy and Situntio,i," by the belief that they have
not yet been looked at in the point of view I
Shall place them, anti by the conviction of the
expediency (1 had almost said necessity) -of so
looking at them.
~
In doing this, it appears to me desirable, to
preface my more (It:tufted opinions on these sub-
jects.,„ by a statement of the broad
,principles on
which they are founded.; because those U. 130 do
not agree with me in the premises, ..are not very

likely to arquiesce in the conclusions I 'dra w from
them;, and because I ant so far ft am hoping to
continet prejudice, that I our not even disposed
to contend with it.
I contend that the happiness of a nation is in
proportion W.:the number of its population that
trmelt the soil ;.and its Sti ength is in rupottion
to its happiness ; and I write merely with the
wish (1 ant not sanguine enough to say the hope)
to excite those who agree with me in this opinion
to intik!, and to give it that consetinence which
will then belong to it.

- Neither. my reading, nor,my mind, furniSh to
me a 'more perfect system of Government thaii the
British Constitriku ; and With its.otheradVan-
sages, it .involves the power of correcting those
errors and abuses that nnavoidahly creep into
every human institutimr. That power must nowt
he called into full action, for we are arrived at a
time when the evils that have crept into our sys-
,
ttn, and the distresses that result from them are
tot longer tolenible ; and we can only escape front
the precipice we stand on, by tracing back those
steps that have brought us to it.
~
'use national Mind was never more 'fitted for
national greatness, the public heart was never
better disposed, and patience has kept [nice with
misery. Shall then a monopoly in the occupa-
tion ni the soil which gives birth is such a peo-
ple, shut thern' nut from the Produce of it ? Study
pa.. If' l'am right, the putting an end to this
tonnopoly will effect every thing desirable. If I
am right, this may now be easily done;
.and if
easily., it ought to be done promptly.
Lot Ore landed Gentlemen appear to have lost
sight of their own barren[, and it is not very likely
theiefiare, that the commercial and legal charac-
ttri, of which the houses are now lunch too full,
*Ol have a very cot,rect view of it ; and in fact,
the complainants to Parliament were those who
;occasion the evil, and not those who suffer by it ;,
and the LegiSlattire have been deliberating rather
en the means of continuing the distress, than of
rutting an end to it. Ido not speak on slight
grounds. The'distress rrt the country is not in
the elaSs of its population that makethecry about
thsy are tiblidged in their luxuries only; and:
questions for consideration should he—uot
to give the monopolists these luxttries, but
how to give the people bread—not how to rake
the prices of the necessaries Of life, but how to
:keeit them down.
The only oil I have seen orsee (if it is an evil)
in• the present agricultural distress, ss it is called,
is, that the homer calitint (1041) into Market, and
drink so MIMI) Wine as he used to do ; and that he
west give up his Benno, if the landed Gentleman
will not keep it, greater man than himself on his
estate, by:lowering the rent of it so us to enable
hint to do‘tts he has-done. But if the aristocracy
of ttte country is valuable, and to be preserved';;
i 4 the landed Gentle Men respect themselves and the
Constitution, they most not lower their rents to
the monopolists, or tiny tenant, till he giVes up
his lease ; and they must not again transfer their
its the St'ate to tin order in the comirtunity
rhst cannot constitutionally hold it.
Mkt the distress of the 'Farmer, it lino 1)011 said,
occasions the distress of the Poor. I say tur; and
that that is a proposition which no unprejudiced
man will-attempt to maintain. it is by the mo-
nopoly of farms, which has shut out it proportion-
elte number of the population frnm getting their
bread by thesoil# and by the intrOdtietion of, ma,-
chinery into 'agrienltUral mienagement, which has
alint out a considerable part of it from gettla it
by their labour, that this. distress 'IS occasioned ;
nail if thes'e.ba, the causes of the esil, as 1 say they
ore; the remedy for it is p4Jrnibie.
I go farther, end say, that the conntry. is. al-
ready greatly benefited this agricultural tits-
tress (as it, is called), sane[ that the advantages it
lead's to arc incalculable, and that no one will feel
(iiem son-Inds as the landed Oentleoniu, Let its
lust then look at the effect this distreSs (=shout
svliich set inserts has been said) will have 011 11111):

IL: -will !we some of his prescnt tenants perlops,

.
What then ?, lie Nl' ifl recover his naliiNl
titmice in the country, and be no longer an t.rtnni-
tant on his own estate. Ile mutt lower his rents
also; good; but he will obtain and maintain every
thing neeessafy to 1)N :establishment, And lie will
purchase every article of his constuniition-at
more than proportionally lower rate, nn he will
be considerably a, gainer by the very. fall 'that
alarms him. I would ask him if he does or can
!, live now with the hospitality and the dignity of
his ancestors ; and (taking into his calculation
that by decreasing the poors' rates on his estates.
he will increase the value of them) let him ask
himself if it is not by the system of suffering the
few to tunnopolisc the oeCnplincy of the bud, that
the many are thrown on it as a, httrthen.
Notwithstanding all the misery that exists, the land
is burthened with: Six Millions a-year Poore Rates,
and is it not:clear'that the Landed Interest (for I
see mischief in the new-(angled term of Agricul-
ttual Interest) will be best rdieved by decreasing
the Poor. This the Landed Interest Can do of
itself; and more th,in this, it can recover its own
consequence in the Stale, and. it can do that
which notislng else can do :it can give the Con-
stitntion its pitrity, tbe People their. happiness.
and the Governthont its legitimate strength ;
strength greatly beyond what it can pwsess itsrlt
of by any other means; and, a few 1110 N, %%)1113
on these heads, with the outline of a practical
Plan for putting an end to the existing evils, will
form the substance of vile short Letter more, if the
importance of the subject should induce yon to
insctt this.---I am, Sir) your's, &c.

(YPIIEIt.

MONOPOLY OF BEE[I LICENSKS.
TO TRE EDITOR OF THE SUN..

Stu,--The Letter of a Magistrate of the County
of Surrey, inserted in your Paper of the 12th inst.
contains sentiments that do honour to the head
nnd heart of the writer ; nod I , have since ex-
pected ' (with an anxiety proportioned to the inte-
rest I have in the question) that your numerous
Readers would be favoured by the publication of
the licsolutions allmled th; and it would ha gra-
tifying to know where the pamphlet, containing
" the Letters of a Middlesex Justice," moy be
tne,t with.

I trust that, having once put your hand to the
work,
ilia consideration will induce you to tools
back ; nod your insertion of the following hints
be considered as an earnest of perseverance
`Tie retnedy I would humbly rresione to pro-
pose for the existiog evil, tile MunopOly of.lieer
Licenses, is; that the Board of ti;,:itcise he empower,
ed to grant License', on the application of pet'-
sons desirons of opeilinghouses, snprnleii by
certificates' of character from some respectable in.f
habitants of the neighbOurhoUd and that the
Licenses should he personal, not attached to any
particular house ; since the controol exercised by
•
Brewers over their'tenaots originates in the fear
of ejectment this; would cease when the Vietual-
ler was enabled to carry on his business in tiny
house of the same town or parish.
Having thus provided for a fair competition in
that essential article of British comfort, Ruer, it
would yet be necessary to guard'against abuses
and no mode could be more effectual than to con-
tinue the goperintendance of the Mugistrattes,who
might have 9 negative voice in the renewal of
Licenses, whin any part of the Publientei conduct
rendered bins unfit for the trust virtually reposed
`in him.

At this time 1 conceive it ►vould be inconvenient
to dispense with the revenue prodtieed by Li-
censes ; nor would the Victualler be benefited
by the measure, us the number of houses would
probably be much increased should the duties be
entirely taken off,
lam not aware that any objection can be raised
against this extension of power to the I% and of
Luke, its it would not bts accompanied by a dis-
cretion to refuse the License, J all other
branches of business, Auctioneers, Appraise's,
nom-dealers, Tea-dealers, &c. &c. any 014:1 may
purchase a License ; and I see no reason why be
who proposes to furnish the Public with good
Beer on moderate terms, should experience more
difEcnity in counnericiug business than any other
tradebman.

Though this plan differs in sotne points from
the sugketition of your formes Correspondent, I
am persuaded it is practicable, and will be found
adequate in its effects, to remedy the defects of
the present system, and remove an evil so long
and So justly h grottud of complaint in every town
and hamlet in the kingdom.

Notwitlistantlit% a Reverend Scribbler has lately
attempted to cast an odium on ray s gnature, 'tit
with` pride I subscribe myself,

AN A 14E-Dli

Satorday'the E,lri of It osst,:rsii regiment
Of Light Dingoons,-commanded by Caionei Mon-
LAFD, were reviewed on Hoonslow"ll4iith by Iris
Itoyid High'ness the Duke of Youx.

•
M
I: Water( pia. DE, namburgli, j Gotten-
_

burgt, Guernsey nnd Jersey.

.
. , PRICE OF STOCKS,
. • .. Tim DAY AT, rwEtxr. o'ci.acc .
!lank Stock,.., .... -;..'...21f.)4 Rank L. A 0n..... 1 G 5-1 G 7-14
3 per Cent. Red....63i Gi 63i India 1i0nc1i,....... Bs. 9i. pr.
3 per cent. Cons. 6.l.ikt Exell.llills, 'ls 6s. pr.
4 per,Cents. 791 AU Cous..fur August 64i 64
A per Cent. N. An n.. ... 944-11
u ,

.
MOH WATER AT LONDON 'MIDGE tO-MORROW.
minutes after
.11.,1 Kreitiog, 31 minutes after 8.

THE SUNS

111,1 LEM 1.111111 Megke VALIUM AtiORATI

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 1816.

Among the Parisian rtitnotirS is one, thnt the
Atnerican Squadron which luti appeared in the
Mediterranean is for •the purpok of enforcing
Agaiust the King of' I.IAULIIS the demands of the
United States, for the property seized under the
uStirpathm of, 11.;uRAT. It appears, however, to
be too insignificant for that inuio,e.

The British subjects now in France, according
to the computation of it person who bits great
n►eans of ascertaining their nutubers,it is thought,
amoant to abbot thimen thousand : public opi-
nion fat home had, we bellevi; estimated them
much higher.

-Htunhargh Papers to the 24th inst, arrived last
night.—The King Of PRUSSIA was to heat Carls-
bad on the 23(1..; the Emperor of ALISTIIIA was
to set oat for the same place on the lit h.—The
Hereditary Prince of O %NOE and his hi ide have
arrived at firossels, on their way to the Nether-.
land .—JE-HOM BUONAVARS T, Ex-King of West-
phalia, has been created Dittie of Montfort by hio
father-in,law, the King.of IVILITEMBERG.

If ever, it was imagined that the benevolent
Meeting in the City of London eouhl either in-
vestigate or 'remove the sources of the existing
pressure and distress, that expectation, as it Inuit
have been founded in titter error, can in its dis.
appointment excite no rational regret. All that
could ever be hoped troth such a design, 'slat a
temporary relief I,leviation of suffering, and
much of the extent to winch this gracious, porpose
eau he effected, depends upon the manner in which
the 'routine hn4oess of the, subscription is con.
dttoed, If thoie to whom this ta,k is :confuted
clerote thern‘elves :za. aloofly and properly to
.the
muse, the I\oo will prospr and be productive of
infinite good. Hut it, on the contrary, thf common
carelessness and inattention of inferior agents is
substituted for activiSmoosures to promote success,
languor and failure will be the consequence, and a
noble plan will be lost for want of due means to ren-
der it effective. We offer this remark for the consi-
deration of those high and excellent persons who
have taken an anxious interest in this affair, from
()Wei ving that even already there has been great
slackness iii adopting tha necessary steps for at-'
taming the object in. view.
It is 'otir earnom hope that we' may not have to
return to this subject; ,but while ive arelising all
our bumble efforts to excite our country to do its
duty in this national cause, we shall not silently
_pass over remissness or impropriety in those ap.
pointed to point oat to the people of England how
they may best consult their feelings, and contri.
hute to this work of humanity.

The Morning,Chroniele:4 to-day, in comment-
ing upon the Meeting of Monday, is extremely
liberal in its censure of U. R. H. the Duke of
KENT, WllOlll it accuses of attempting to."lasi.
Itttate" an '' insidious proposition" upon the
assembly ; of bringing for%tard a '' device that
could succeed only with ignorance," and of sup-
porting a " delusion" and '' artifice," which,
happily -h r the eountry there mere present
sharp, clear-sighted, and intelligent individuali
able to detect, anti. manly enough in the spirit
of independence to ‘vain their fellow citizens
against."

' Wit •it appelrs from the same scurrilous COM..
mentary upon the Royal Duke that he completely
tailed iu this nefarious work, for " The Meeting
did its duty to themselves (hang Grammar !) and to
their country. They manfully resisted the im-
position of a fa/sehaod,"—which proceeded fic,.
cording to this most incontilstent Fruni
" the popular Duke of iistir I.l' save me
from ory' friends is an old axiom, and truly the
Duke of KENT 1143 greitt, teRSOP. to join in the ex-
etamation--IViiat ! to be ace Used by a pretended
friend, of being made on the instant a mere tool
and catspaly, t > prOphse a fals,thouti which email,
it ilitim,ed ill) sitcr:eect nolv With
n oral, ci.! I (lit tie ill oi nin Chroniele ! We always
knew 'fiat
S•otir censure wits ptl-Ctie butt never till
fr.t, wale- so fully aware" of the fact, 'that your
nlattsc, was satire:, raid your approbation a libel.

otrrli tIIU A.

Letters from Vera Cilia to theist of Tube, ,
from Mexico to the 12th of -mention
counts having been teceived at tern Cruz chat
Government of the tufted States had restilo
that the flags of the inderienderil/4 points of Spar
America should be idniiiteli ir,t6 all the port!
the Union. Several VessieE from the Uni
States, they also aftirtn, iiad arrived. at Punta
Piedra, the port belonging to the indepenife
on the Aiexlcan coast, and among tltent,
schooners Caymnin and General Bolivar, cOnvo;
by an. AnieriCau britor war. Their cii‘gott et
sisted of arms and militnry stores, and they
had on board many vOrtintier's going to join
Mekican patriots.

Two British brigt war (add the same
counts, to which we do not give entire tan
called the Royalist and Bermuda, at Vera Cry
had offered their services to the Spanish Govern
to act against the Independents, and had left t
port to cruize against the privateers of the 14It'
It is stated that the motive of this offer was
expectation to receive permission to take ill silt'
for Europe.
On the 15th Fehttiary an Edict of the tuqtits
(lon had been promulgated in Mexico, prohibijoi
under the severest penalties, the 'perusal of
works published in Spain during the time of ti
Cortes. -•

;Ott the 24th at the idnie month Fie
VI I's decree, re-establishing the. Jesuits in all a
dominions of Spain, and the Intlit's, %v;ut
proclaimed in " Mexico. Nots6thstantling tit
threats (tithe Inqulsitimi, and the :xerlit"'"
the King's Officers, the revolutifill in :'ll.l the ill
terior of illexico proceeded in a rapid nod 'di'
manner,, particularly since the great 'lid received
from the United States, with wilieh country
in
tereunrie vt'as very frequent.

We observe from the Baker's assize that they 01
see no coupe to lower the price of bread in I"'
portion to .the price of grain. Jf our 4001'
tirrists , are ruined with the quarters 104 ttt
m
ild; what must the lower orders be, wIlt!'l 4
•
reaches a price capable of rewarding 0" la-
boors? Or is it to be endured, titut a combination
of trOesmen should thos deprive the grower (4
his fair remuneration, and impose on the public
with the high rate of a,Monopolv. London loue
is dots taxed about 3000/. per day-r-a stun' which
relieve all its panpers. -

BAatim the 'Essex Pedestrian, Chit mortN.`
soon after six o'clock, iDaile' good ))k '773d rtli'

The List letters tc(itir mention a notin',l
of the arrival of an oYe; land dispatch from
to the French Ambassador at CottailtilielPkv t)/
whom it was transmitted to the French Glwero•
meta, of the defeat of our troops by, those of ;\'4.'."
pact'. Eve' y account (Jun 1
India by a m"re t;;
rect channel encourages the ihOp,e of a
result When the hostile armies in India htive
An American Captain at Calctuta writes r‘i
friend in London ,on the siihket as f°11"`";
there can- hardly he more recent accounts "

town 16 not
TTA, MARCI!, imagine that roll f;
feel much interest in the politics of this country; 'but ;IS ' t
nrral Ochterloney is a Yankee (from Boston
must tell you , that he has connuenced his second c411.14";;ri,
against the Neratilese •rith his usual ability and succes!ft,
call him the Wellington of the East ;' he will sulalileo'
this year.
" Three country ships hare been burnt. by the I'l:c,,aartt
within a mon*, and two more partially destroyed; (44;;11ts
Java, and three attempted ut. Caldutta. Some
"Jan the Lucian' OCCEtgicllleAl these acts of . .

Sir ROBERT WILSON and Mr. BRUCE errivl(l
Dover on Monday, and the former. ig "tau's/ .1
er
have reached town. Lady Wti:soN
will relinial
on the Continent for some time, on accOnitt
her health.
o the
From Malta we have received advieec •
30th ult. at which time no new neeoarits of devte
dations. committed on the Seas by the Rar",l
t.
Powers had reached that Island. On the C":
trary, it was stated they were conducting
selves more peaceably than, they had done f.

I some time. a his'
M Lord EKOVTH slept the Saturday 141.-
brother's, Sir ISRAEL PELLEtv's, in Scrie'"t',.l
row, Plymouth ; and, by four o'clock S'`,'l,
morning, went on board the amen Cheri"„„ *
At 10 all'the fleet.wall in motion.
PIUNCESS CHARLOTTE —.We arc haPPY to stIV
that her Royal Highness was so fn. recovtrot
from the effects of her late intlisposiOr 'l5l
be able to entertain the Duke of Coo.'lDaloOt an'
a small party with music, at taint:fiord 11"/ 4/
the night before last, p",e Princess ettattin'ttlo
ce contre atm TIM DU
,
gain
ytnliaigilrinfte'osnl s`s lio.ni
thtb terman very prettily. 11
of CAMERIDO-rit-saug two of threc pill in )1:5 owl
chaste .tnanner. Prince CORURQ 41 it Colnl4l°
Intv,leiall, and s,ings admirably,
expreed.
ss ,
The rumour is revived of the solicitude tiOlk
by an Illustrious Personage to bring the go a
of a Divorce, by way of 13111, into the Ilan'
Lords. A female, a Swiss by birth, is said o'l
a• material tvitnets. We have hoard that le"140-
of the Ministers have decidedly declared theirtI
" illiogness to agitate the delicate question ; aiiro
that this only has preVented the trial of a meas.'
n-
that might have been attended with the mu"r. u
POrtallt consequences to the .---(JjlQtnitt
Chronicle.)
rho erinc
the report of her Royal Highness
We. cat] venture to say that there is no truthoir:
CHARLOTTE having suffered sla
ttJiscurria
(NOrnißy ChNitiele.)