The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-21 00:00:00

THE STN, LON DON, Tll ITRS,DA Y., P: VEN I A 1.3 G UST 21 1845

applies the persuasions of external force to the Igo-
-4 manists with as little compunction and modera-
tion as to the Jews whose felicity it is to live
under his beneficent sway. The most enlightened and
populous of the cities of another hemisphere, the capi-
tal of one of the States comprising that Federal Ueien
which we are accustomed to speak of as the model of
republics, only the other day witnessed the shedding of
the blood of some of its best citizens, in a fierce affray
between contending religious factions, that seem to re-
vive the memory of those which, in the age of JUVENAL,
constantly afflicted Alexandria between Pagan sectaries;
and some few centuries afterwards, between the still
more ferocious Christian (so called) dogmatists, who
supported or opposed the intolerant ATHANASIUS. It is
in 1844 and 1845 that we hare a Roman Archbishop
exhibiting, as they were exhibited in the middle ages,
the very vestments of our Savroutt (?), and working
miracles at Treves—in the shape of profitable collec-
tions for his treasury—as marvellous, as credible, as
disinterested as any that were ever contrived at the
shrine of our Lady of Loretto. In Switzerland—such
is the insanity produced by this religious hatred—the
peaceful Cantons have been moved to a suicidal civil war,
the embers •of which are not yet extinguished, chiefly fur
the object, on the pat of one of the States, of retaining
that social subjugation which is always synoni-
mous with the permitted presence of the Jesuits
whern another State, in a spirit of intolerance,
accurately following that to which it was oppoael,
had sought to expel by means equally violent and ille-
gal. But it is in Germany that the preaching of the
Abbe JOIIANNES RONGE, the great exposer of the sacred
relics at Treves, has aroused the ,fiercest storm of this
theological persecution. Roruanism, Jesuitry, infallibi-
lity, have- arrayed themselves in all the panoply of the
orthodox one and indivisible Church against the daring
challenger of genuine old clothes. From such a cause—
from beginnings so humble, almost so ridiculous, has just
arisen the unwonted incident of a sanguinary popular
commotion in 'that which may be called the commercial
capital of Saxony—the peaceful and enlightened Saxony
—whose excellent Monarch was so lately the honoured
guest of our own Sovereign. German blood has flowed
in an unseemly contest between the people, irritated
against his Majesty's brothar_ ree-aa leaf.,, n „„ei„,
favourer of Romish infallibility, and the humble, but
energetic, and simple-minded RONGE, the second LUI'IIER
of his country.

complained no.: long ago, that owing to the great ex-
pense of colle:e education, and to -the Bishops &most
universally mcpiring a college education of candidates

ject of comment in many of these journals. They all
attribute a political motive to it, but differ so among
each other as to what that motive is that an impartial
reader cau only come to the conclusion that there is no
political motive whatever in the visit, or, at least, that if
there be one, these writers are profoundly ignorant of it.
The Legitiinatist organs see in it a great European con-
gress, from which revolutionary France is excluded, "in
spite of the patronage of mercantile England," to use
the language of la Fiance, while the Conmeice con-
siders that the object of the journey is " to conjure
away the storm which threatens British commerce,"
should the Zollverein Congress, at Carlshrue, at the in-
stigation of the German southern states, increase the
import duties on manufactured articles.

for holy orders, the Church was becoming closed to all
but members of he higher and rich middle classes. The
Prime Minister has, in the course of the last session
emphatically relrobated the expensiveness of Oxford
and Cambridge. One great source of expense is the
private tutor in tee universities, whose very existence
is a repioach to the college tutor who has super-
seded the university professor. The college lectures
being insufficient :o prepare the under-graduates for the
examinations, they resort to private tutors, are paid
at a much higher rate. Mr. LICELL says, " An Oxford
tutor informed me that, in the years 1840 and 1841, no
less than 250, or one-fifth of the resident students, pro-
cured this kind of assistance, tile aggcegate suet paid by
titent amoul,ting to • more titan 10,0001. a yea..! Mr.
LYELL quotes Dr. PEACOCK, the Dean of Ely, as affirm-
ing the same state of things at Cambridge. Dr. PEA.
cocK Says; of the Cambridge private tutors—" These
. teach, rs are young and in.:xperienecd, and not com-
petent to convey enlarged view to their pupils. This
unhappy system has contributed more than any othcr
cause to the very general, and, in some ri spects, just
complaints which have been made of late years of the
paucity of works of karnirg and research which hive
issued from the Univ 4 rsity of Cambridge."
The expenses of college education shut the doors of
Oxford and Cambridge to a large portion of her MA-
JEsTr's subjects ; and religious tests exclude another
large portion. Mr. LyEr.a. advises a royal commission
hich might recommend the removal of tests, and sug-
gests many other improver Lents, and concludes with

We learn from Bordeaux, 16th inst , that his Royal
highness the Duke DE NEMOURS was much better, and
that he and the DUCHESS w-fuld set out on the 18th
for Mont-de-Marsan. Two grandees of Spain, who
form part of the deputation appointed to accompany
their Royal Highnesses from Bayonne to rampeluna,
arrived at Bordeaux on the 16th.

The accounts from Eu are most satisfactory as regards
the health of the KING of the FRENCH.

The Bourse was very animated, and the Funds and Rail-
road Shares generally improved.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse at
841. 50c. ; the New Loan at 84f. 50c.; the Five per Cents.
at 121 f. 90c. ; Orleans Railroad shares, 1,307 f. 50c.; Rouen,
1,090 f.; Vierzon, FOOL ; Havre, 9151. ; Avignon, 1,085 f.;
Basle, 285 f.; Spanish Three per Cents., 38i.
The following are the quotations of the new lines
Orleans and Bordeaux, 220 f. premium ; Boulogne' 1351.
premium ; Troyes and Montereau, 55f.; Paris and Lyons
(Laffitte), 36f. 25c. ; ditto (Calon), 7f. 50c. ; ditto (Ganne-
ron), 12f. 50c. ; ditto Northern Line (Laffitte), 57f. 50c.;
ditto (Rosamel), 29f. 50c. ; ditto (Pepin Lehalleur), 15f. ;
ditto (Decan), 151. ; Tours and Nantes (Mackenzie), 15f. ;
ditto (Drouillard), par; ditto (O'Neill) sf. ; ditto (Jacques
Lefevre), 1; Lyons and Avignon (Lecointe), 20f.; ditto
(Talabot), 40f.; ditto (Compagnie Meridionale), 101. ;
Bordeaux and Toulouse (Mackenzie), lf. ; ditto (Espe-
leta), 15f. ; Creil and St. Quentin (Kysaens), par; ditto
(Carette), 6f. • ditto (Colbert), If.; ditto (Becket), 12f.50e. ;
ditto Haiuguelot, 131. 75c. ' • Paris and Strasburg (Ganne-
ron), 121. 50c.; Dijon and Mulhouse, par; Dieppe, 30f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, AuG. 20.
Boulogne and Amiens.. - iOrleans and Bordeaux 121,E
Bordeaux &Mediterran - 0vprY,,,.1 ••• p
Gunicaux aria i outouse - - Paris& Lyons (Lalitte) 3%
Do. and Cette • 2141 Ditto (Ganneron's). 2%
Dutch Rhenish , 7% Ditto (Calon's).... 21%
Dendre Valley ...... - ;Paris and 0r1ean5...... 50
Dieppe & Paris Juliet. - !Paris and Rouen 4l
Dijon and Mulhouse ... - 'Paris and Strasburg
East Indian
Grt Northern of France Do. (Compte de L'Est) -
(Laffitte's) -
Ditto (Rosamel's) - 30%
Great Paris and Lyons - Royal North of Spain. 23A
Jamaica Junction - Sambre and Meuse ....
Do. North Midland - Strasbourg and Basle . -
Louvain and Jemeppe 4% Tours and Nantes
Lyons and Avignon 23/ (IPKenzie's)
Luxernbourgh.. 2% Do. (Lefebvre's) 2
Namur and Liege 4% Verona and Anemia.... 3%
Orleans and Vierzon

:the folloving protest against the exclusive sptern of the
Universities, with which_We shall at present take have
of the subject.

Before the Reformation their spirit was Catholic and na-
tional ; since that period they have dwindled, not into theolo-
gical seminaries, for they have never in practice afforded a
complete professional course" for divinity students, but into
places for educating the clergy of the Established Church, and
the aristocratic portion of the laity professing the same form of
Christianity. Such a system, coupled with the abandonment
of professional studies in general, tends to dissever throughout
the country men of different callings, creeds, and professions.
It has a demoralising influence. It separates, durine• the De-
mi hme the
attorney,he rt
hpeortwnor ito;
thel o fray
ind..d.it.e, ;la, es
sieios,nttihi e
bdir,dr
eern tfrroy
phy-
sician from the surgeon, the legislators and lawyers of England
from those civilians to whom the government of eighty millions
in India is to be consigned, the members of the Anglican
Church from the Romanists of Stonyhurst or the Dissenters
of Hackney. the civil engineers of Putney from the medical
students of London. It disunites these and other sections of
the same community, and throws them into antagonist masses,
each keeping aloof from the other in cold and jealous se-
clusion, each cherishing sectarian party animosities, or
professional and social prejudices. It is in the season of
youth, and when men are engaged in the common pursuit of
knowledge--especially if allowed as far as possible to follow the
bent of their own tastes and genius—that friendships might
easily be formed, to si ften these hard outlines. At college
they would be brought together on neutral, and usually on
friendly ground, where kindly feelings and sympathies would
spring up spontaneously, and would be cherished in after life,
by congenial souls, however distant the station, er distinct the
religious opinions or professional employments of their former
fellow-students."

For the particulars of this unhappy collision we mus

refer our readers to the ac.'onnt we publish in another
column of the disturbances at Leipsic. But we may be
allowed to express our deep regret at the event. It
mars, and neutralizes, as it were, that great experiment
which, since the peace of 1814, has been so successfully
conducted in many European kingdoms, of retaining vast
populations. of different religious professions, in civil and
social amity one with another, and in an unanimous and
willing fealty to the common laws and institutions of the
country to which they all belong. For our own parts, feel-
ing as laymen who desire to render to the Church, and
more especially to religion generally, all their just
rights, protection and honour, but who equally desire to
see all ecclesiastical establishments and professions sub-
servient, not superior, to the dominant power of the
State ; we cannot too forcibly express our sorrow at
this untoward interruption of that great work of conso-
lidation which we have ever looked upon as one of the
noblest attempts of civil polity in our times. We would
fain hope that the sovereigns and princes in whose terri-
tories this mischievous spirit prompts and matures such
outbreaks, will vigilantly apply themselves to the con 4 •
deration of the best means of allaying—if not extinguish-
ing it. Where religious toleration and political justice
have already discharged their respective duties to all
communities in a State, there, we do think, the disturbers
of the public repose, who will not brook the free
and full discussion of spiritual abuses on moral prin-
ciples, but turn upon their challengers with the
vindictive spirit of temporal persecutors, ought to
be repressed by signal punishment. They onnpromise
the cause of Christianity. They put in jeopardy the
peace of Christendom. The secret movers of these per-
secutions are, we firmly believe, the Jesuits ; and we are
almost tempted to concur in the following recent appeal
of RoNGE for the absolute suppression of these too viva-

MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIEF.—The nuptials of Lord
Macdonald with Miss Wyndham, daughter of the
Countess of Listowel, were solemnised this morning, in
St. George's, Hanover-square, in the presence of a nu-
merous and distinguished circle, the relatives and frieLd •
of both families. After the ceremony the Earl and
Countess of Listowel gave an elegant dejeuner, in honour
of the occasion, to a large party of the nobility.

Since the 12th things had continued quiet at Leipsic.
The troops that had fired on the people had been kept

within their barracks—the communal guard had per-
formed the city duty, end had been well supported by
the students. The funeral of the killed took place on
the 15th without disturb2nce.

MELANCHOLY AND FATAL
OCCURRENCE.
(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)

The following resume of events in that unfortunate
city is given in the German Universal Gazette, under
date of the 15:h :

ILFRACOMBE, AUG. 20.—This morning between seven
and eight o'clock an alarm was raised on the Quay that a
lady was in the sea, and drowning, at the back of the houses
on the Quay, and a general call for ropes and parties who
could swim, in order to endeavour to save her. The wind
was then blowing strongly from the N.W., and about high
tide, the water being nearly twenty feet deep at the backs of
the houses, with the sea beating violently against the walls.
Mr. Edward Stephens, a respectable shoemaker of the town,
happening to pass by, went through the house stripped off his
clothes, and dashed into the foaming waves, and succeeded in
coming up with the lady. A rope was then thrown to her, which
she missed, but on being thrown out a second time, she
succeeded in securing it, and was safely brought to the
steps.

" Yesterday at five o'clock another meeting of burgesses and
students took place. The reports of the events of the 12th and.
13th were first read. The article of the semi-official Leipsic
Gazette produced a great sensation, and it was resolved to
protest against this tissue of falsehoods; but the definitive
resolution was adjourned to Saturday. M. Bluin directed
the attention of the meeting to what he regarded as the most
essential point, viz , the interment of the victims. Deputa-
tions were sent to the municipal authorities, to ask for the
town colours ; to the staff of the communal guard, inviting it
to attend the ceremony ; to the military staff, to remonstrate
on the conduct of the troops during the day, and to ask them
to confine them to their barracks the next day ; and to the
railroad terminus, to receive the deputation returning from
Dresden with the King's answer. The meeting next made a
collection to defray the necessary expenses. The sitting was
suspended for an hour. The measures of the committee re-
ceived the general approbation. The families of the victims
determined to have but one funeral ceremony for all, with the
exception of M. Mortmann, of whose body an autopsy was to
be made, in consequence of his family having lodged an ac-
tion for his death. The deputation from Dresden entered the
hall at half.past nine. It was supposed that the cortege would
muster 20,Q50. Wen,. The .Committee fulfilled their mission
admirably. -gverything passed over this snorning at seven
o'clock in the utmost order. At five o'clock this morning the
Fletscher Platz was crowded with persons assembled to lake
part in the funeral ceremony. The procession began to move
at seven. It consisted of the communal horse-guards; a bat-
tallion of the communal foot-guards ; the students, in sections ;
the band of the 4th battalion ; the flag of the university ; the
Committee; the armourer's company; another band; the
various Aeputations of the trades; an immense train of bur-
gesses and students, with flags, and a detachment of the com-
munal guards. The cortege proceeded along in the greatest
silence, except in passing the chateau, where cries and threats
were uttered. Some disturbance had been feared here, but
nothing took place. In the cemetery, the coffins were placed
side by side in the same grave, and speeches were delivered
over them. The crowd withdrew in the utmost order."
Another letter of the same date says:—
" The deputation of the Municipal Council and the delegates
of the city have returned from Dresden. The King, who re-
ceived them at noon, was affected to tears. His Majesty said
that this event was one of the most cruel trials of his life, and
that he was the more grieved that such an event should have
occurred in Saxony, and particularly in Leipsic, as he and his
family had always put up the most ardent prayers for the good
of the country, without ever violating their duty. His Ma-
jesty added, that he was the more hurt as the address of the
Municipal Council contained passages which seemed to indicate
distrust."

Mr. Stephens, when he found that the lady had secured
the rope, let go his bold of her, when a wave took him out
to sea, and a subsequent wave was seen to strike him ; which
is supposed to have stunned him. He immediately went
under water, and was drowned. He has left a widow and
two children.

cions emissaries of all mischief :

" Arise, then, men of Germany and France ; men of
Great:Britain, Italy, and Spain, arise ! Men of Europe
and America—let us unite with our Government in the
noble-enterprise. To the work, like Men,, the work of
peace and freedom. The hour is come. Let us break
the yoke imposed on faith and conscience—drag down
lying priesthood and the Hierarchy ! Annihilate dis-
dainful Jesuitism, insulting GOD and man ; and usher in
the glorious reign of truth, light, and righteousness—of
virtue, of freedom, and of love."

It appears 0* three ladies, of the name of Bailey, from
Peterborough, have been staying at Martin's Boarding-
house on the Quay, for some time, and that they have
been in the habit of bathing in the sea from the
back of the house. The mode of approach to the
beach is by a flight of steps, but when the tide is up there
is no beach to land on, so that any person bathing at such
time must plunge into deep water. These ladies being most
expert, extraordinary, and beautiful swimmers, have been in
the habit of plunging into deep water ; but this morning the
wind and sea being both high, Miss Fanny Baily ventured to
bathe, but from the sea beating against the wall she was not
enabled to beat against the receding waters, in order to re-
cover the-steps from which she bad plunged, and was at the
mercy of the waves ; she did not lose her self possession, and
kept herself nobly on the surface of the waters ; she was
much exhausted on being brought to shore, and was put to
bed instantly, and is now going on favourably. The Misses
Bailey are ladies of good property ; Miss Fanny Bailey's
sisters have been with the disconsolate widow, and have as-
sured her that neither she nor the fatherless children shall be
allowed to want any necessary comfort. The body of poor
Stephens is not yet found.

Mr. LYELL'S recently-published " Travels in North
America," contain a chapter devoted to the English
Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. The eminent
geologist's inquiries into the condition of the universities
in the United States exposed him to many counter-
inquiries as to the English universities ; and Mr.
LYELL felt much shame and humiliation in being com-
pelled to tell of the complete neglect of science and
philosophy hi Oxford and Cambridge, and of their
general inefficiency. In order to direct public attention
in this country to what is so great a matter of shame
and reproach to us, Mr. LYELL has entered at con-
siderable length into the question of the English Uni-
versities ; and as there is no one whose opinions on such
a subject are more entitled, by scientific acquirements
and fame, to attention, we make no apology for present-
ing our readers with some extracts from Mr. LYELL.B
chapter on Oxford and Cambridge.
The general rule in Oxford and Cambridge is, that
the university professors have no audiences. The edu-
cation is carried on, not by the university professors,
but by college-tutors : and the subjects taught by the
college-tutors are almost exclusively classics and mathe-
matics, which are the subjects of examination for de-
grees. Those who aspire to honours through the me-
dium of these examinations have no time to attend the
lectures of the university professors ; the college sys-
tem of education, and the college-created system of uni-
versity examinations, fill up all their time ; while those
who do not aspire to honours, and do not devote them-
selves to classics and mathematics, have no inducement
to attend the professors' lectures, as the universities give
no honours in connexion with the subjects which they
profess. An attempt was made in Oxford in 1839 to
require the attendance of all under-graduates, on some
professors' lectures ; and on very strong representations
of many of the most eminent professors, the Board of
Heads proposed to Convocation a statute requiring
attendance on at least two series of professors' lectures,
as a preliminary qualification for the B. A. degree. The
proposed statute was rejected by Convocation ; but
another statute was passed compelling professors to
lecture. We quote Mr. LrELL's remarks on this con-
duct of Convocation and its results
While they threw out that part of the proposed statute
which would have gone far towards reviving the professorial
chairs, they passed another part requiring the Professors of
Astronomy, Experimental Philosophy, Chemistry, Geo-
logy, Mineralogy, Anatomy, Botany, Medicine, Civil
Law, English Law, Greek, Arabic, Sanscrit, Anglo_
Saxon, Poetry, Modern History, and Politicsl Economy, to de-
liver regular courses of lectures. They were, in faet, bound,
not only by ancient statutes, to require the teachers above
enumerated faithfully to discharge their duty, but in modern
times, or since the examination statute of 1800, they had
sanctioned the foundation of new chairs, such as Experi-
mental Philosophy, Mineralogy, Geology, Political Economy,
and Sanscrit, and had accepted annual grants from the Crown
to endow certain readerships. In homage therefore to the
moral obligations they had incurred, not to render these new
and old foundations nugatory, they continued to exact an
outward conformity to the statutes, by enforcing the delivery
of lectures, the efficiency of which they allowed other parts of
their system entirely to defeat. Their conduct reminds us of
the orders issued by Charles V. to offer up prayers through-
out Spain for the deliverance of the Pope. while he suffered
his army to retain him prisoner in the Castle of St. Angelo.
After the year 1839. we may consider three-
fourths of the sciences, still nominally taught at Oxford, to
have been virtually exiled from the University. The class-
rooms of the Professors were some of them entirely, others
mostly, deserted. Chemistry and botany attracted, be-
tween the years 1840 and 1844, from three to seven
students; geometry, astronomy, and experimental philosophy
same
ecely more;
professor, miwrhieor,alofigf
yteeannd yearsgeoog
byefsotriel thaaudgh tat bt
rya c
te thed
crowded audiences, from ten to twelve ; political economy still
fewer; even ancient history and poetry scarcely commanded
an audience ; and, strange to say, in a country with whose
destinies those of India are so closely bound up, the first of
Asiatic scholars gave lectures to one or two pupils, and these
might have been absent had not the cherished hope of a Boden
scholarship for Sanscrit induced them to attend."

By a letter from Constantinople, of the 27th ult., we
learn that accounts had been received there of the lust
operations of the Cotnmander-in-Chief of the Russian
forces in the Caucasus, Count WORONZOFF, in which he
states that he had obtained great and brilliant sucesses.
The general opinion in Constantinople was that too much
importance should not be attached to these first suc-
cesses of the Russians, as it forms part of the tactics of
the Mountaineers to retire into the mountains on the ap-
proach of their enemy, in the hope of drawing him into
difficulties and danger. News had also reached Constan-
tinople frcm Circassia. The population of the environs of
Anapa had, at the instigation of SOLIMAN EFFENDI, one
of the emissaries of Prince SCHAMIL, declared against
Russia. These people have joined the troops of SOLIMAN
EFFENDI, which are commanded by CARA BATYR, 20n of
SErtit BEY, who is an exile at Adrianople. This army
is said to have driven a Russian column from Tschowato.
Several Beys of Circassian tribes, which had submitted
to Russia, have gone over with all their foliowers to
SCHAMIL, in the Dhagestan, and taken up arms.
Salem'. continues to act in the north, and DANIEL
BEY, Ex.:Sultan of Jellikoi, in the south of Dhagestan.
Both are provided with artillery. SCHAMIL is reported
to have made an attack On the fortress of Amakchan,
and DANIEL BEY upon the town of Tschok. In fine,
however, it appears that no serious affair has yet taken
place.

Madrid papers of the 136 i have been received. The
restitution of the Church property to the secular clergy
is the subject of comment in all of them. The Espanol
publishes a letter from Paris, stating that M. Rossi had
received instructions to support the negotiations of M.
CASTILLO Y AYENSA with the Holy See.
The cause of the dismissal of General CAMINERO from
the post of Military Commandant of Malaga, is stated
to be his want of energy during the recent disturbances.
We read in a letter from' St. Sebastian of the 13th:—

" The day before yesterday their Majesties went for an ex-
cursion on the water. Their boat having got aground, and all
the efforts of the sailors to float her being fruitless, ten or twelve
peasants who were at work near the spot rushed into the water
and succeeded in setting the boat free. Yesterday Queen Isa-
bella visited the regiment of Alalloua, which is in garrison here.
She was received with enthusiasm, and pardoned several sol-
diers who had been condemned for desertion. After the visit
the Queen and her mother entered a magatticent tent, where
they partook of a collation provided by the officers. The bull-
fights commenced this day, and the Queen and the Infanta were
present. Three bulls were killed."

a have received the Paris papers of Tuesday.
The Const:tuCoanc/ has a long and able article on the
canner in which the Jesuits are evading the law for their
dispersion, and in some instances actually disobeying its
provisions. Aft.r commenting on the manner in which
the negotiations had been conducted by the Pontifical
Government, it proceeds :
" What is the result? First of all, can it he said that the
law will be executed? The existing houses will be closed, but
others will be opened ; the fathers will not live together in
great numbers, bat they will separate into a multitude of little
communities; they will continue to remain landowners in com-
mon, by transgressing the law; the body will not, therefore,
be really dissolved, and therefore the law will not be complied
with, but merely eluded. Thanks, however. to the manifes-
tation of the Chambers, and the apparent satisfaction which is
given them, the scandal of illegality will have disappeared.
Father :noires will not again assume in a trial the title of
father-procurator, an.l M. de Ravignan will not publish
any more pamphlets to defy the lams and the courts 'of
justice. But have the other effects, which might have been
obtained from a well-conducted negotiation, been obtained?
Has the Pontifical Government diminished, by the conduct
which it has observed, the confidence of the bishops in the
Jesuits ? Will the fathers, transformed into auxiliary priests,
exercise less influence on the ultramontane instruction of the
great religious schools, or less despotism over the secondary
clergy? Will they not have, under the new disguise, more
pretexts and facilities to elude the dispositions which prescribe
to every professor in a religious school to declare that he does
not belong to any unauthorised religious community ? Are
not our ministers about to avail themselves of a false appear.
ance to exhibit more feebleness towards the clergy ? Has the
Church really separated its cause from that of the society ?
Has it net, on the contrary, confounded the two more together,
by placing itself. in the whole affair, behind Father Roothan
The Deputies, the electors, all who read and think in France,
are serious people, who know what they have determined
0:). We have not asked for persecution, but we have demanded
from the Government sincere and efficient acts. Sincerely,
then, has all that is now passing a character of frankness and
truth?"
The visit of Queen VICTORIA to Germany is the sub-
..

Mr. LYELL'S account of Cambridge is very similar:—
" Very recently at Cambridge, all branches of knowledge
taught by the professors—in a word, every subject except
what is understood in our universities by classics and mathe-
matics—have had sentence of banishment passed upon them to
the form of new compulsory examinations, under the manage-
ment of college tutors, the Oxford plan of awarding honours to
classical and mathematical attainments alone being adhered to.
The professors of chemistry and anatomy, wbo had formerly
considerable Classes, have only mustered six or seven pupils,
although
still compelled to give courses of fifty lectures each.
The chairs of modern history, and of the application of
machinery to the arts, once numbering audiences of several
hundreds, have been in like manner deserted. Yet dispensa-
tions are rarely granted for the discontinuance of useless duties,
even when only two pupils present themselves. Moreover,
here, as at Oxford, it is not uncommon to give such chairs as
mathematics, natural philosophy, chemistry, botany, astronomy,
geology, mineralogy, and others, to clergymen, who combine
them with clerical duties, or throw them up when they obtain
preferment; and who, however eminent, owing, as they must
do, a mixed allegiance, partly to their ecclesiastical order, and
partly to the professional body. cannot stand up with heart and
courage in defence of the public, as opposed to the clerical and
collegiate interests."

The education afforded by Oxford and Cambridge is
not only thus limited and unsatisfactory in character, but
is most unreasonably expensive. The Quarterly Review