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London, England, 1845-01-10 00:00:00

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D IRECT NORTHERN RAILWAY from
LONDON to YORK by LINCOLN.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE AND MERITS OF THE ABOVE

LINE OF RAILWAY

When the Direct Northern Railway was first announced to the
public its promoters pledged themselves to the principle of forming a
line of railway between London and York as direct as the nature of
the country would admit.
The announcement of this principle was most favourably received,
and assurances of support were given to the Committee by numerous
parties possessing influence on the line, and others practically ac-
quainted with the results of railway eommunication, who were deairous
of seeing this great means of public convenience and welfare, in this
instance, rightly applied. The direct principle claimed also the sup-
port of all that portion of the population of the United Kingdom north
of York, whose course of personal communication or of correspon-
dence lay through that city, and the Committee had great satisfaction
in finding this claim warmly responded to.
Since that period the Committee have been actively engaged in
perfecting the numerous preliminary details essential :for making
good their position as applicants for legislative sanction to their
measure. Until these were completed, and until the scope of the
various other schemes which have been recently proposed for esta-
blishing a communication by railway between the metropolis and
the counties of Lincoln and York could be precisely ascertained by
the deposit of the plans, the Committee felt that they could not
usefully call the attention of the public to the character of their
undertaking. But now that the Committee have complied with
all the requirements incumbent on them, and that they are in
every respect prepared to prosecute their application to Parliament
at the commencement of the ensuing session, and since, also, the
competing schemes have been fully developed in all their details,
they conceive that the time has arrived when it is their duty to
bring the particular merits of their proposal more prominently be-
fore the public, and to challenge a comparison between it and the
others which are in the field.

The principle above stated, of taking the most direct line to
York that the nature of the country admite of, has been shadily
kept in view, and the following results have been obtained

The actual distance from London to York by the proposed line
is only 178 miles, to Stamford 811, to Lincoln to Gains.
borough 134, to Selby 165, and to Hull, by the proposed Gains.
borough and New Holland line, 166. The main trunk at York is
carried onward by a bridge over the York and North Midland Rail.
way, and joins the Great North of England line at a point about a
mile and a half beyond the city of York, for the purpose of avoid.
ing the detention that now occurs to onward passengers, whether
proceeding north or south.

This mode of crossing the York and North Midland line has been
adopted in conformity with the following recommendation con-
tained in the fourth report of the Railway Commissioners in 1841
(p. 43) :—" We consider it improper that the traffic of any new
line should open upon the York and North Midland Railway, with
which so many lines are already in connexion as to render delay un.
avoidable, and collision not improbable. In consequence of the
numerous trains of luggage and passengers using this line nearly
two hours are sometimes occupied in passing over a littlemore than
thirty miles from York." Notwithstanding the opinion thus de-
cidedly expressed, the proposed competing line of the London and
York comes upon the Yorzt and North Midland Railway in the
very manner objected to by the Railway Commissioners as likely to
lead to danger and certain to cause delay.
The Direct Northern line supplies the benefit of railway inter-
course to a very large district of country intermediate between the
midland counties and the sea, which has hitherto been left unpro-
vided in that respect; and takes its course through nearly the
centre of that district at a distance varying from eighteen to forty
miles from the lines proceeding north from Rugby. It cannot,
therefore, be held to interfere needlessly with the interests of these
lines, which, although they have conferred great benefits on the
wealthy and populous districts they connect, were not originally
intended to be carried to York, and cannot consequently be re-
garded as furnishing such a communication as in the due applica-
tion of railway power the public have a right to expect.
The subject should be considered also in relation to cross lines
or branches which may new or may hereafter be proposed to tra.
verse thz same country as the Direct. Northern, and to become con.
nected with it, as the progress of industry and of population may
require, and on this point the Committee believe that the best main
trunk line having been rightly chosen on the principle of direct
communication, that principle will be found to afford every facility
for the advantageous working and connexion of such lateral lines
or branches as the amount of local traffic may hereafter demand.
This important subject—vie., the relations of probable future
branches,andthey
has received the serious consideration of the Committee,
areercfpecretpared to promote arid to co-operate in the forma-
tion of lateral lines, so as to arrange them with the main line to the
btlaoestetthraaedLlvocualtage, and to render the communication, both direct and
(which may by as possible. But tliey do not propose to sacrifice
onovtehneirenmc eeaonf. as
btown o
voi
eda
for),few tthhoeus interests,an d inhabitantsbothas
tohanenfidtdemfrrmotmi;
regards time and cost, of the largep masses of population that lie at
of
epindd
ynitrioe.eflythe line. On this ground the Provisional
wohnorleeceoifyiScnt,ftrianomd,thcoerndoiarlthceo.rnocpclnitii.ean
and support.
The gradients are of a very favourable description, as the section
demonstrates, and they are obtained at a moderate expense. The
tunnels will be four in
number, the longest being 1,450 yards in
length. and the aggregate length of the whole four less than one
mile and two-thirds. No engineering works of great magnitude or
difficulty occur, ornamental property is avoided, and the drainage
of the fen country will not be interfered! with. The guage will be
the same as that of existing railways north of London, and the
line being for its whole length under one management, a higher
average and more equal rate of speed may be attained and ren.
dered compatible with watt), than can exist on lines where the
frequent change of Companies renders vcrxatious delay unavoidable,
superintendence difficult, and resronsitsility incomplete. Wher-
ever the Direct Northern may be connected with other lines, every
arrangement that experience has pointed out. or that a careful
study if the question can suggest, will be adopted to ensure the
safety and convenience of the public.
It is without doubt a most important consideration in regard to
safety as well as speed that the control and arrangement of the
traffic of a line of great magnitude should be subjected to one go.
verning body, as has been most forcibly urged in a communication
made to the Railway Commissioners by the Directors of the London
and Birmingham Railway Company. (See Fourth Report of hail.
way Commissioners, 1841. Appendix, page 10.)
In regard to the cost of working, it needs no argument to prove
that, where gradients are the same, the shortest line through a
given country will be the cheapest worked, and that if the capital
required for its construction be the tame per mile, the shortest
line will be the cheapest to the public.
The Committee believe that a general conviction now prevails
that, for the purpose of communication between the metropolis
and the north, a new and independent line of railway is required
between London and York, and they assuage that such a work will
certainly receive the sanction of Parliament. It can be proved
that a better engineering line may be made to York 421 miles
shorter than that which at present exists; that by thus shortening
the distance, and avoiding the delays that necessarily attend the
transference of traffic from one line to another (the present line
belonging to four Companies), the time consumed in the journey
to York may be reduced from nine hours and upwards to less than
six hours, without any increase of speed, and likewise that the
fares and freight of goods may be considerably lowered. These
facts appear to the Committee to be conclusive in favour of their
undertaking, and they look to public opinion to confirm and support
their views,
In comparing the' proposed Direct Northern line with other
schemes, the following most important fact should be kept in
view, viz.:—Every additional mile of railway distance is equivalent
to a tax amounting to the fare charged per mile for every passenger
and ton of goods conveyed, that is to say, approximating on an
average to 2d. per mile each way, besides the time lost in the transit.

It is thus clear, that upon the amount of traffic which on the
most moderate estimate will pass over the line, an impost on the
public of many thousands per annum (independently of the sacri-
fice of time to passengers, and of delay in the transmission of
mails) would be perpetuated by any needless elongation of the line.
Another consideration will present itself to parties who are into.
rested in existing railways, and should be kept in view by those
disposed to invest their property in new ones, viz., that lines which
are circuitous, and therefore capable of improvement, and liable
to he interfered with by other parties, must become depreciated in
value whenever public accommodation may demand that improve-
ment. and that consequently lint, on the direct principle alone can
be regUrliell kb a perm...tie:it property.
A striking illustration of the progress which the direct prin-
ciple is making, and of the importance of saving a few miles on
the main line of a railway, is most opportunely asbrded by the

fact, that the London and Birmingham and Grand Junction Rail-
way Companies have consented (after several years of opposition)
to join in the formation of a new line from Staflbrd to Rugby, 48
miles 77 chains in length, at an estimated cost of about a million,
for the sole purpose of effecting a saving of 9 miles 39 chains be-
tween London and Stafford (a distance of 141 miles 15 chains),
and this, too, although the effect of the alteration is to carry all the
through traffic past and not through the important town of Bir-
mingham, which is thus placed, as it were, on a branch with refe-
rence to the main line of communication. It is also remarkable
that the line in that direction originallycontemplated and submited
to Parliament was laid down so as to save the distance now to be
curtailed at so great a cost, but local interests prevailed at the time
over the direct principle, and carried the line round by Birming-
ham. Successive alterations, at great cost, it is well known, have
also been made, or are about to be made, in several other principal
fines, viz„ in the original Birmingham and Liverpool, the Bir-
mingham and Manchester, the Manchester and Leeds, the South-
Eastern, and others ; all of which alterations must be considered
as adoptions of, or approximation. to, the direct principle.

The Committee are confident that neither the Legislature nor
the Board of Trade will now sanction a line from London to York
on merely local grounds, but will regard the question as one of
general national importance. For it is evident that all persons to
the south of the London terminus, or the north of the York ter.
minus, who desire to travel or transmit goods in either direction,
have a clear interest in the formation of the shortest through line,
and (for example), while it may be for the convenience of persons
residing at Peterborough, when they wish to travel or send goods
to London, that the main trunk should be brought round by that
town, it is equally clear that it is not for their convenience that it
should bend round by Grantham, Newark, and Doncaster, when
they wish to travel or send goods to York, any more than it is
for the convenience of persons residing at Grantham,
Newark, and Doncaster, to be carried round by Peterborough, or
any other of the other towns, when they wish to travel or send
goods to London. In short, nothing but the direct principle
(facilities for lateral branches being always provided) resolves
the question of general aggregate convenience.

It has been stated that the Direct Northern line does not accom.
modate the same amount of local population as the proposed London
and York ; but, by reference to the plans of both Companies, it
will be seen that this is not the fact, and that all the towns of im-
portance on the route (Doncaster not excepted) are brought
nearer to the metropolis and to York, and to places intermediate,
by means of the Direct Northern, than by the London and York,
with the single exception of Peterborough, to communicate
with which the Direct Northern avails itself of the Northampton
and Peterborough branch of the London and Birmingham Rail-
way, now nearly completed, which it crosses at the distance of four
miles and a half from Peterborough, making the total distance
from London to Peterborough only about a mile greater than by
the London and York—a result obtained by the latter Company at
a considerable elongation of their main line, detrimental to the
locality itself in its traffic northward, and generally to the cha-
racter of the line.

The Committee forbear to introduce into this statement other
topics which they might urge (such as the priority on their part
in the proposal of a direct line from London to York, which priority
has been clearly established), as these might, perhaps, divert atten.
Lion from the strength of their main position, upon which they are
content that their claim to legislative preference and to public sup..
port shall rest, via., that, compared with all other proposed under.
takings for the same object, theirs presents a great preponderance
of national advantage, while, at the same time, it is the most
secure as a profitable investment of capital.
In conclusion, and in brief recapitulation of the more promi.
nent grounds on which the Committee rely for the sanction of the
Legislature to their undertaking as a national line, they beg to sub.
mit the following propositions, and they court the moat searching
inquiry into their truth and value :
I. That an independent direct line between London and York Is
required by the public, and will command a sufficient traffic to yield
an ample return. . _ _

2. That the interests of a large proportion of the population of
England, and of the whole of Scotland, require that the most di_
rect line should be adopted.
3. That the Direct Northern not only satisfied these conditions
by being the shortest line between London and York, but it is
preferable by the character of its gradients, and its economical con-
struction.

4. That the line being the shortest and cheapest possible, pas-
sengers and goods may be carried by it at a lower rate of charge
than by any other.
5. That the primary object of shortening the distance is attained
by the Direct Northern, with due regard to intermediate and local
interests, and without needlessly interfering with the traffic of
existing lines.

6. That as a question of investment of capital, it is essential
that the most direct line should be taken to prevent future com-
petition, or expensive alterations far the protection or improvement
of the original line, and that consequently none but direct lines
can constitute a permanent property.
By order of the Committee,
WILLIAM AMSINCK, Secretary.
Direct Northern Railway Offices, $4, Moorgate.street,
London, Dec, 23, 1844.
population according to the Census of 1841, at or immediately be-
yond the termini, or traversed by the main line.
The Metropolis 1,673,676' East Riding 194,986
Hertfordshire 157,207 W.Ridingl,ls4,lol
Bedfordshire 107,936 Yorkshire N. Riding 204,122
Huntingdonshire 58,549 York City
Nottinghamshire 249,910 and Ainsty 38,321
Cambridgeshire
Rutlandshire
Lincolnshire
The whole of Scotland 2,620,184
N.B. This statement, with a relative plan showing the course of
the line, may be procured by personal application at the Office of
the Company, or by letter addressed to the Secretary.

41-,,'ICHWEPPE and Co., Wine-merchants, are now
bottling PORTS of the highest character, at 305., 325., 345.,
and Us. p• r dozen, to vrhiqb they respectfully Invite the attention
of their friends and the public. Fine old crusted wines, Vrom two to
eight years in bottle, at 425., 455., 44., 505., and 548. per dozen; very
superior Sherries, pale, brown, and gold coloured, from 305., 345.,
365., 405., and upwards; also a curious Amontillado Sherry at 50s.
A large stock of all description of wines constantly on hand, in-
cluding a rare selection of Hocks and Moselles, received direct frora
their own agent on the Rhine.
J. ti. and Co. beg respectfully to observe that their principle of
business Is not to sell a low priced article at the expense of quality,
but to supply their friends with the finest wines that are imported,
at as low a price for cash as may be commensurate with a fair andmo•
derato profit.
Lists of wines ant prices sent on application, and country orders
rnmediately attended to on receiving a cash remittance sr a re-
fere-ce.—Oftice, il, nerner's•street ; eellars, 27, 'Marshall-street,
Regent-street.

AHAPPY NEW Y E AR!
As this is the season of pleasure and joy,
We could not much better a moment employ,
Than follow the accents of kindness sincere,
And pledge to the public a happy new year !
Oh ! happy, thrice happy, and bless'd may it be ;
May trade still extend and our commerce be free;
May the sunshine of peace in its glory appear,
And crown the bright hopes of " a happy new year! "

May the rich be endear'd to the poor by their worth ;
May concord and harmony dwell on the earth I
May justice and truth in their brightness appear,
And all things combine for a happy new year!

May the people be "clothed " as brave Englishmen should,
With " garments " of usefulness—gorgeoua and good ;
May they purchase of Hyam, and then it is clear
They " save half their cash for a happy new year I

May Hyam's endeavours be proudly confirmed,
And increase the bright laurels already he's earn't ;
May his efforts still brighten the vast hemisphere,
And add to the joys of a happy new year !

The style of his garments, their beauty and make,
Are such as precedence must proudly now take;
Whilst the saving effected, distinctly and clear,
Is half of your cash, on each happy new year
Observe—All garments at this establishment are marked the
price in plain figures, from which no abatement is made. Any
article exchanged, which is not approved of, or the money returned.
L. HYAM, Tailoring and Outfitting Establishment, Pantecb.
netheca, 36, Graeechurch.street.
READY-MADE DEPARTMENT.
Taglioni or Chesterfield coats, from
Glenlyon or Waterford Riding ditto, from ....... . • 12 •
The Parisian Envelope, from
Albert Walking Coat, from
Boys' and Youths' Taglionis, or Chesterfields, from • 6 6
Alen's Dress Coats, any colour, from
Ditto Surtout ditto, ditto, from
Ditto Black Trousers, from
Ditto ditto Vest, from
Ditto Tweed Trousers, from
Ditto Buckskin Trousers, from
Ditto Fancy Vest, from
Tunic suit, from

Hussar suit, froml I 0

Li OUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY EXTEN-
SION THROUGH LAMBETH.

At a Preliminary Meeting of owners and occupiers of property
upon or immediately contiguous to the projected line of railway to
extend from the South-Western Railway at Vauxhall to the
Belvidere road, Lambeth, adjoining the Hungerford Suspension-
bridge, held at the Ring's Head Hotel, Belvidere-road, Lambeth,
on the Bth day of January, 1845,

JOHN BALLARD BYRON, Esq., in the Chair,
• -

It was mowed by JoUN SUIR, Esq., seconded by TIOMAB-GIIIB,SEL,

Esq., and

Resolved unanimously,—That the extension line of railway pro.
posed to be carried by the South_ Western Company through Lambeth
to the Belvidere.road, appears to this meeting calculated to produce
the most beneficial results to the interests of the district intended
to be intersected, clearing away, as is suggested, a large portion of
the worst_built and least valuable of the house property in the
borough without interference with any buildings of importance,
and tending to great improvement in the character of the erections
that are likely to be substituted in contiguity to the line, in.
dependently of such as the Company must construct upon the site
of the proposed station.

Mon's Moleskin Trousers, from
Ditto, ditto, very beet quality, rule pockets, from • 6 6
Office Coats, from
BESPOKE DEPARTMENT.
Taglioni or Chesterfield Coats, from 0 15 0
Glenlyon or Waterford Riding ditto, from 1 0 0
The Parisian Envelope, from ...
Albert Walking Coat, from .. 1 10 0
Boys' and Youths' Taglionis and Chesterfields, from • 12 0
Men's Dress Coats, any colour
Ditto Surtouts, ditto, from ... 1 10 •
Ditto Doeskin Trousers, any pattern, from
Ditto Black dress Trousers, from • 10 •
Ditto Fashionable Vests, in endless variety, from
A New Book, entitled " The Age of \Vendors," containing a
detailed List of Prices, Fashions, and Description of material for
the present season, can be had by applying to Mr. L. HYAM,
Pantechnetheca, Si, Gracechurch.strect, London.

It was also moved by THOMAS LEVI', Esq., seconded by Fe&xcia

Fzuroz, Esq., and
Resolved unanimously,—That the following gentlemen, viz.,
John. Ballard Byron, Esq., William Hawes, Esq., Harris, Esq.,
John Suir, Esq., William Cory, Esq., Thomas Grissell, Esq.,
Francis Feline, Esq., and Joseph Elliott, Esq., be appointed to act
as a Committee for the purpose of ascertaining the opinions of
the several owners and occupiers of property to be affected by the
proposed extension, and generally to facilitate its attainment; and
such Committee is hereby particularly empowered and requested
forthwith to prepare a memorial for signature of such owners and
occupiers, and others whose interests may be concerned, and whose
opinions are favourable to the undertaking, and to present such
memorial to his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, and also to
wait upon the Members for the county of Surrey and borough of
Lambeth, with the view of explaining to. them the local benefit
inseparable from the undertaki.4, and to request their most
strenuous support and influence in Parliament in favour of the
same. The above named Committee to have power to add others
to their number.

JJALSE ON MEDICAL GALVANISM.
"Mr. HALSE, late of this county, but now of s,:Pelham.
crescent, Brompton, London, has lately published a pamphlet on
MEDICAL GALVANISM, the contents of which have really
astonished us. If It be true that galvanism can accomplish such
cures as are there stated, the galvanic apparatus must take as com-
manding a position over medical science as the steam-engine does
over mechanical science. It is true that galvanism has long been
resorted to as a remedial agent, but the old form of batteries were
so uncertain in their action as to almost do as much harm as
they did good. Mr. liaise, like a true philosopher, conceived
that it may be possible to select the good and discard the evil
effects of the apparatus, and after years of intense study he has
accomplished what he desired—viz., to regulate the power of the
galvanic apparatus to the greatest nicety. We consider this to
rank as the greatest improvement which has ever been made in
the galvanic battery. In the pamphlet we noticed an extract
from the Shipping andl Mercantile Gazette' of March 14. We
extract this article for the benefit of invalids:—' Our readers may
have noticed several extracts we have given from Mr. Halse's pam.
phlet on Medical Galvanism. We have reason to believe that every
case stated in that pamphlet is perfectly true, wonderful as they cer.
tainly are; for, a short time since, we called on Mr. liaise, and were
introduced to him by a gentleman who was undergoing the operation.
The patient informed us that it was not at all an unpleasant sensa-
tion, indeed we felt it ourselves, and there was not the least un-
pleasantness about it. This gentleman's case was paralysis, and he
declared to us that before he came to Mr. Hales one leg had withered
away to a mere skeleton ; but now,' said he, ' you perceive it is
both stout and healthy.' Such, indeed, was the case. If we can
judge by the number of patients Mr. Heise has, we should say he is
making some very wonderful cures, for his house is crowded from
till 11, i.r.itt'z, I i.trid to him or his
pamphlet on Medical Galvanism, we recommend them to do so--
he forwards it gratuitously. His residence is at 5, Pelham-cres-
cent, Brompton, London.' "—Exeter Flying Post.

(Signed)

JOHN BALLA?tD BYRON, Chairman.

The thanks of the meeting to the Chairman for his efficient and
impartial conduct in the Chair were then moved and seconded, and
unanimously carried. Also, that the above resolutions be aim-
tised by the Committee.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY
26, Cornhill, London, Dec. 28, 1844.
NOTICE is hereby given that the HALF-
YEARLY INTEREST on the Subscribed Capital of this
Society, at the rate of Five per Cent. per annum, due on the 3lst
instant, will become PAYABLE on the 10th January next, and
Proprietors may receive the same at this Office on that or any other
subsequent day, between the hours of Eleven and Three o'clock.
By Order of the Court of Directors,

F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Secretary.

NATIONAL LuAN FUND LIFE EISUR,-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital £500.000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS..
The steady success and Increasing prosperity of the society has
enabled the Directors, at the last anneal investigation to declare a
second Bonita, averaging 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each
Policy effected on the Profit scale.
EXAMPLES.

1 , 1 F,.-., -i
tn
= -,.4 0
pre,um., 0 Bonus Banns in g a 8 t, es
. r added. Cash. `6 o' : & r& I
.:a ,i 4i 24
! .-.. 11 1...
....
....... .••••••••••
I X s. d. i.£ s. d. X s. d. X s. i X s. ds
1837 170 9 3 77 5 1 12 3 9 346 2 3
40 1000 74 3 4 1838 144 2 2 64 5 6 9 16 4 294 13 4
1839 116 16 0 51 5 11 7 11 9 247 4 5

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
Christmas Holidays. One of the brilliant novelties is
CHILD'S CHROMATROPE, New Subjects in Nature and Art for
the PROTEOSCOPE. The PHYSIOSCOPE. The first Exhibition
of a Series of beautit'ul DISSOLVING VIEWS. Dr. RYAN'S and
professor BACHHOFFNER'S varied LECTURES daily. Dr. RYAN
also Lectures en the Evening of Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
The whole of the Lectures alsound in interesting Experiments.
SUBMARINE EXPERIMENTS by means of the DIVING-BELL
and DIVER. The COLOSSAL ELECTRICAL MACHINE.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Halt-price.
A New Edition of the CATALOGUE, containing Three hundred
additional Works of Art, &c., since the last revisal, Is just pabllshod.
price Is.

The division of profits is annual, and the next will he made in De-
eember of the present year.
This institution offers many important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, ea all occasions, the power to borr)w, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
Mr terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX. Sea.

THE LONDON MARBLE AND STONE
WORKING COMPANY, Esher-street, Holywell-street, Milbank,
Westminster (established 1821), are enabled, with their PATENT
MACHINERY, to execute Chimney Pieces, Monuments, Tablets,
Slabs for Furniture, and every description •f such Work, with an
accuracy, rapidity of execution, beauty and durability of Polish, and
reduction of cost, which cannot be obtained elsewhere.
The Public are invited to inspect their extensive SHOW-ROOMS,
containing the largest stock in this country.
The Trade supplied with every description of Reugh Slab Blocks,
or Scantlings; or Blocks sent to the Works cut to order.
Please to be accurate in copying the Address, to prevent imposi-
Von, the Company having no connexion with any other Establish-
ment but that in Esher-street.

In Bvo., price Is.,
ABYSSINIA: a Statement of Facts relative to
the Transactions between the Writer and the late British
Political Mission to the Court of SIIOA.

By CHARLES T. BEKE.
J. Madden and Co., 8, Leadenhall-street.

JOHN TAWELL, committed for the MURDER
of MARY llART.—Correct Particulars of John Tawell's
Conviction for Forgery in Early Life, obtained from official sources,
will appear exclusively in the HISTORICAL REGISTER, the New
Family Newspaper, on Saturday Morning.—Order of any Newsvendor.

ECTORIA LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY.
TRUSTICES.
Sir JAMES DUKE, Alderman, M.P., Chairman.
BENJAMIN HAWES, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
BENJAMIN BARNARD, Esq.
CHARLES BALDWIN, Esq.
Peculiar advantages are 'bred by this Company. Thus—
Parties assuring the lives of others may make their policies secure,
notwithstanding the life assured may go out of the limits of Europe,
without the necessary permission of the Directors having been pro.
viously obtained.
Credit of half the premiums for the first five years allowed en pis.
limes effected for the whole term of life.
On policies of five years' standing, half the amount paid, after the
first year's premium, may be borrowed thereon by the Assured.
Advances are also made to Assurers en real or undoubted personal
security, for terms if years, repayable by instalments.
Attention is particularly requested to the detailed Prospectuses of
the Company, which may be obtained at the Office, IS, King
William-street, City, or by letter, addressed to the Secretary.
WILLIAM RATRAY, Actuary and Secretary.

LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITIES-
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MIUM charged by the AUSTRALASIAN COLONIAL AND
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Age........

In 2 vols. post Bvo., price Ns. cloth,

RAMBLES
SERGEANTand TTI -0 GFI I°T US
• II
comprisingp
S AtliCc ARe-
collections of Three Continental Tours, iu the Vacations of 1641,
1642, and 1843.

.Also, in 2 vols., post 870.,
Mrs. SHELLEY'S RAMBLES In GERMANY and ITALY.

Edward Moxon, 44, Hover-street.

MARY lIOWITT'S NEW JUVENILE WORK.
In a handsome pocket volume, price 2s. 6d. bound and gilt,
MY OWN STORY, or Auto-biography of a
Child ; a Tale, forming part of a Series (to be completed in
thirteen volumes) of Tales for the People and their Children. Each
volume sold separately at 2s. 6d. bound, viz. : 1. Strive and
Thrive-2. Hope on Hope ever-3. Sowing and Reaping —4. Alice
Franklin---5. Who shall be Greatest-6. Which is the Wiser-7. Lit-
tle Coin much Care-8. Work and Wages-9. No Sense like Com-
mon Sense-10. Love and Money-11. My Uncle the Clockmaker-
-12. The Two Apprentices—and 13. My Own Story.
London: Printed for Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside; Bowdery and
Kirby, Oxford-street ; Caudal, 12, Old Bond-street ; and all other
Booksellers.

LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, AND ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, dm
" He who in pleasure's downy arms
Ne'er lost his health or youthfu 'charms,
A here lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me behold a man I"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 2s. 6d.,
or sent by post, free, to any address, 3s. 6d..
QELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on
those concealed disorders, originating in youthful excesses,
and terminating in Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, and all those Sinkings, Anxieties, and Tremors, which
afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for
their perfect Restoration.
By SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon
9, BEDFORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecary's Hall, London ,& c.
." Thr various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in-
herent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented
throug" the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such,
among others, this Essay addresses itself; and by its perusal many
questions may be satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even
to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette.

" Long experienee in the treatment of a class of diseases hitherto
neglected and most imperfectly understood by the great bulk of the
!medical proftssion, has enabled the writer to prove that there are
conceale I causes of Nervous Debility In exigence, where the were
routine practitioner would never dream of finding them ; trace,ole
to certain habits, forming the most secret, yet deadly, and foal
springs of domestic misery, and premature mortality."—Wakefield
JournaL

Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and
52, Pateraoster-row ; Starie, 2.1. , Tichbense-street, Quadrant, Regent
street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery-
lane; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Three, and from Five till Eight.

A NEW AND IMPORTANT EDITION OF THE SILENT
FRIEND ON HUMAN FRAILTY._

Just published, price 2e. 6d., and free by post (in a sealed envelope),
Price 3s. 6d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND a Medical Work on
Human Frailty and Physical Decay, its causes, and the
banefUl effects of excessive indulgence and infection, illustrated
by engravings, with observations en Marriage, and directions for
the removal of certain disqualifications.
By R. and L. PERRY and CO.
Published by the Authors, and sold at their Residence, 19, Berners.
street, Oxford.street ; also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Purkis,
Compton-street, Soho; Noble, 109, Chancery-lane; Hannay and
Co., 63, Oxford-street; J. Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street,
don ; and by all Booksellers in Town and Country.

OPINIONS OF TRH PRESS.
" We regard the work before us, "' The silent Friend,' as a
work embracing roost clear and practical views of a series of com-
plaints hitherto little understood, and passed over by the majority of
the Medical profession, for what reason we are at a lout o know.
We must, however, confess that a perusal of this work has left such
a favourable impression on our minds, that we not only recommend,
but cordially wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffer-
ing from indiscretion, to profit by the advice contained in its pages."
—Age and Argus.
" The Authors of The Silent Friend,' seem to be thoroughly
conversant with the treatment of a class of complaints which are, we
fear, too prevalent in the present day. The perspicuous style in
which this book is written, and the valuable hints it conveys to
those who are apprehensive of entering the marriage state, cannot
fall to recommend it to a careful perusal."—Era.
The CORDIAL BALM of SYRI ACUM is exclusively directed
for the cure of nervous and muscular debility, impuissance, &e.
Price Ils. and 23e. per bottle. Sold by all Medic ine Vendors, of
whom may be had the " Silent Friend." The Five Pound Cases
may be had as usual.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS are the most effhctua
cure for syphilis and secondary symptoms in both sexes, price 9d.
(301., and Ils. per box.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. A minute detail of cases is ne-
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for Consultation, at
their residence, 19, Berne's-street, Oxford-street, London from
Eleven till Two, and Five till Eight, and on Sundays from Ten till
Tv, etvo. One persona visit only is necessary to erect anemia nent cure

ADVANCE in the PRICE OF IRON

BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY EVENING.—To-day the
quarterly meeting of the iron-masters of this district was
held in the Town-hall, and was most numerously and
respectably attended, indeed the proprietors of all the
great houses, or their representatives, were present, and
agreed to an advance of 11. per ton over the price of
last quarter. After the last meeting, the leading mas-
ters in South Staffordshire reduced the price IL per ton,
contrary to the general expectation of the trade, and no
small surprise was felt at so extraordinary a proceeding,
as the demand was then brisk, and no apparent necessity
for the reduction. Since then, however, the demand has
been extremely lorisk ; orders have come in all direc-
tions, and the prospect of trade was declared so good to-
day, as to fully justify a rise of 1Z per ton over the price
of last quarter. I am exceedingly happy to say that this
steady improvement in the trade has been productive of
immediate advantage to the labouring classes. They are
now well employed, and, in many places, at a good ad-
vance of wages. The demand for railroad iron is very
considerable ; but the; generally improved state of the
trade is the main cause of this favourable state of our
staple manufacture. The pigs are at from 31. to 41.
Bar from 61. to 61. ss. per ton.

PRINCE ALBERT'S HARRIERS.—His Royal High-
ness Prince Albert, attended by the Marquis of Exeter,
Major-General Wemyss, Mr. Anson, and Colonel Bou-
verie, hunted with his harriers yesterday morning. The
meet was at Mr. Trumper's farm at Ritebings. The
Prince had a capital run before he returned home.
MUNSTER, JAN. 2.—Paul erism has increased of
late; in this province, to an alarming point.— Westpha-
lian Mercury.
It is rumoured in the City that Lord Stanley has
given permission to the Mauritians to resort for la-
bourers to the eastern coast of Africa. We scs.reely
know how to give credit to this rumour which comes,
however, from a source but too likely to be well in-
formed.—Anti-Shivery Reporter. e

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

GREAT FREE TRADE MEETING
AT MANCHESTER.
MANCHESTER, THURSDAY MORNING.—An aggregate
meeting of the Anti-Corn-law League, which was one of
the most crowded gatherings yet held, took place at the
Free Trade Hall last night, on which cccasion Richard
Cobden, Esq., M.P., Mark Philips, Esq., M.P., and Mr-
W. Brown, late candidate for South Lancashire, were to
be present; and these gentlemen entered the hall about
half-past seven o'clock, amidst the loudest cheering.
The meeting was not only a crowded one, but of great i
respectability, and about one-fourth of the persons
seated in the gallery and body of the hall were ladies.
Among the principal gentlemen on the platform we ob-
served Mr. Bright, M.P., Mr. Joseph Brotherton, M.P.,
Mr. Alderman Brooks, Mr. Alderman \Villert, Mr.
Alderman Shuttleworth, the Mayor of Salford, and
other influential merchants and manufacturers of the
town.
Mr. GEORGE WILSON, the Chairman, rose to address
the meeting, about half-past seven o'clock, and seid—
They were assembled this evening, at the commencement
of the seventh year of this agitation.—(Cheers.) How
many more meetings of this description might be re-
quired before the corn and provision laws were abolished
he could not pretend to say; but he confessed that, look-
ing at the extent and character of this meeting, he did
not believe that in any of the past years they had opened
their proceedings under more favourable auspices.—
(Cheers.) They met to-night more especially for busi-
ness. Ten weeks ago, the plan which they proposed for
the enfranchisement of the counties was laid before the
members of the League by Mr. Cobdeu.—(Cheers.)
Since that time the best energies of the council had been
directed to taking those steps most likely to conduce to
the success of their plan. Since then thirty-five
meetings had been held in various parts of Lancashire,
Yorkshire, Middlesex, and North Cheshire—the greater
part of which had been addressed by their respected
friends Mr. Cobden and Mr. Bright.—(Cheers.) Now,
it was not for him to say what would be the success of
this plan ; but he would say, that unless each of these
districts placed on the register, by the 31st of January.
from 500 to 1,000 free trade votes, in addition to those
there before, the free traders would not have done their
duty.—(Cheers.) With reference to the statement made
at the last meeting, as to the increase on the register for
South Lancashire, it had not been controverted that he
had heard of. They then stated it to give a majority of
1,700 free traders now, and on looking it over again for
this evening, they were prepared to abide by that state-
ment. Should the Noble Lord the Member for South
Lancashire take it into his head to imitate the example
of the Noble Lord who lately represented North Lan-
cashire, the public would have the opportunity ofjudging
if they had not estimated correctly.—(Cheers.) The
Chairman then called upon Mr. Philips, the Member for
Manchester, to address the meeting.
Mr. MARK PHILIPS came forward, and was received
with great cheering. He said he could not help sus-
pecting, when he received the invitation to attend that
meeting, that the chairman had :it in his mind that he
(Mr. Philips) had been devoting himself to farming pur-
suits a good deal lately. He probably took him to be a
little of a backslider. He perhaps thought him to be
somewhat like a razor that had been laid aside for a
time—he was losing his edge, and required setting
again.—(Laughter.) However, there he was, and he
hoped they had spent a merry Christmas, and permit
him to hope that they had entered on the commencement
of a prosperous and happy new year.—(Applause.)
Since he had last addressed them he had been labouring
under heavy domestic affliction, which had necessarily
withdrawn him for a time from public life, and he did
not hesitate to say that his feelings had undergone a
considerable change, and he had felt reluctance to appear
in public. Ho would willingly, if ho could, retire into
private life, but so long as they called upoa him to dis-
charge the duties of their representative, he should feel
it his duty to endeavour to discharge them.—(Applause.)
tie wished he could work like their friend Mr. Cobden.
He congratulated them upon the steadfastness which they
had manifested in connexion with this great question of
free trade. He was delighted to see there was no back-
sliding among them.—(Hear.) He congratulated them
that they were determined to carry this question, and
were net to be cheated into the belief that because
they had somewhat of a return of prosperity they
were not to apprehend a return of the evils with which
they had been heretofore visited. What had legislation
done within the last twelve months to secure a conti-
nuance of this prosperity ? What, for instance, had
been done with reference to our export trade to Brazil
and the United States ? We should look in vain for
any change in this respect ; and as bad legislation had
produced bad results before, surely it would again.
What was it that had crowded our Exchange once more,
filled our streets with traffic, and given employment to
our artizans, weavers, and mechanics ? Not the pro-
tection to agriculture, but the altered state of prices, the
cheap rate at which the necessaries of life could be ob-
tained, the extension of the market for our manufac-
tures, and the low price of the raw material on which
the industry of this great district was employed.—
(Cheers) In all this was there not an approximation to
the very results which had been anxiously anticipated as
the consequences of free trade ?—(Hear, hear.) The
present position of the country offered the best practical
illustration of the truth of their principles. Somebody,
therefore, mud have been attempting to practise delu-
sion, or to state that which looked like falsehood.—
( Applause.) But they were not likely to succeed. This
was the season for stocktaking ; and what did their op-
ponents' stock consist of ? The old fibs to which they
had given such general circulation were no longer in
demand, and if they attempted to smuggle them out in
the spring, it would be like trying to pass a bad
shilling between two good ones, and they would fail,
as they deserved to do. But he heard an enormous
joint-stock company was about to be formed, at No. 17,
he believed, Bond-street, which was to eclipse all others
in the articles they were about to submit to the approba-
tion of a discerning British public. It was not their
intention, he understood, in the first instance to attack
the League, but to attack Sir Robert Peel, and to en-
deavour to wrest from him his tariff, and his Canada
Corn Bill.—(Laughter.) He bad voted in support of
that measure, and should, in consistency. be bound to
come to the rescue of Sir Robert, if he were placed in
any predicament by this formidable society. The course
for the free traders was perfectly clear—to stick to
everything they had got, and to get as much more as
possible.—(Cheers.) He had not inquired minutely
into what would be the operation of that Bill in ell its
details, being satisfied that the main result would be to
lead to an increased demand for British manufactured
goods.—(Cheers.) lie had last week travelled trom
London in company with one of the principal supporters
of this agricultural society to which he had alluded, who
was a good-tempered, open-hearted country gentleman.
and Rho had declared his readiness to support the
removal of the cotton duty. Mr. Philips alluded to the
soiree recently held in that hall, at which several gen-
tlemen of the Young England party were present, and
expressed his regret to learn that with all their admi-
ration of our manufacturing industry, and their well-
wishes to the town, they had not called at the offices
of the League and registered themselves as members.—
(Laughter.) But he hoped they would yet do some-
thing for the cause of free trade. lie was much at-
toched to the pursuits of agriculture himself, and had
seen quite enough of it to know that if the farmers of
Great Britain looked to so-called protection to secure
their profits, they would be grossly deceived ; they had
been the subjects of this deception too long, and the
consequence was, that, as a body, they were suffering
very much, and it was the duty of every one who was
really a friend to the farmers, to endeavour to open their
eyes as to the real state of the case. The sooner such a
delusion was dispelled the better ; and the more they
inquired into the conduct and proceedings of the League,
the more would they be convinced that it was not the
advocate of any selfish party, or any particular section of
the community. It was clear that protection had not
given high agricultural wages, and it was equally clear
that low prices of provisions in this district had not
created low prices as between the master manufacturers
and their workmen.—(Cheers.) The only thing done in
the way of legislation, to relieve the pressure under
which we had laboured, was the opening of the trade
with China.—(Cheers.) This was a complicated ques-
tion, involving, amongst other considerations, the ques-
tion of how we were to be paid for what we sent out.
Our principal imports were tea and silk ; the former, by
far the most important, was so wofully taxed that it was
almost taken from within the reach of the working
classes. And it was curious to observe, that many indi-
viduals interested in the China trade, but opposed to the
League, were now calling out for a reduction of the duty
on tea. But, if the Government made any concessions
on that point, they must also make concessions on another
little article which was essential to an increased consump-
tion of tea—namely, sugar; and it would be the duty of
free traders to exact from them equal justice in reference
to those two articles. It had been said, the League was
dead, and that Othello's occupation was gone ; but, if it
were dead, it was the largest ghost he ever saw, and,
not only a large one, but a most troublesome one to lay.
—(Cheers and laughter). In conclusion, he would draw
their attention to one striking fact, that though the re-
venue was increasing, and though the Minister and his
friends would doubtless boast of this, as a proof of the
flourishing condition of the country, yet that the last
years consumption of sugar only showed an increase of
2Or 24 per cent. While congratulating them on the re-
turn of prosperity, he must say there was no chance of
its being perpetuated unless they reverted to sound and
wholesome principles of legislation.—(Cheers.)
Mr. W. BROWN, of Liverpool, next addressed the
meeting.
Mr. COBDEN then came forward, and was received with
great cheering. He said it certainly seemed rather
alarming in his cars when the chairman told them they
had now been seven years in the agitation of this ques-