The Sun.
London, England, 1845-05-29 00:00:00

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LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 29, 1845.

The House of Lords did not meet.
The Commons sat at four o'clock.
The Roman Catholic Relief Bill and the County
Coroners' Bill were respectively read a second time.
Mr. STAFFORD O'BRIEN moved the second reading of
the Malt Drawback Bill.

After a short discussion, the iron. Gentleman, on the
recommendation of Mr. MILES, withdrew the measure.
The adjourned debate on Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S reso-

lutions was then resumed by Mr. P. HOWARD, who
opposed both the resolutions and the amendment. The
House was subsequently addressed by Mr. ESCOTT, Sir
JOHN WALSH, Lord Howicx. Sir J. HANmEa, and Sir
R. PEEL, after which Lord JOHN RUSSELL briefly
replied.
The House then divided upon Mr. S. CRAWFORD'S
amendment, which beiug negatived by a large majority,
tha original motion was put, which was also lost by a
majority of 78.

The dispatches published in Tuesday's Gazette, rela-
tive to the operations in Sinde, are highly honourable to
Sir CHARLES NAPIER and the little gallant army under
his command. It is a singular fact that this able officer
has been successful in every plan for defeating his ene-
mies, and tranquillising that important district. The
malevolent press of India has been compelled
o acknowledge his merits ; his opponents in
this country cannot find one fault, and the
praises bestowed upon him by Sir HENRY HAR-
DIRGE, the Governor-General Elect of the India
Board, are equally flattering with those so willingly
given by his calumniated predecessor. Here is the
tribute paid by a discriminating judge and skilful warrior
After announcing the complete success of the expedition,
the Governor-General says:—" An operation of this na-
ture demanded, on the part of the General, the utmost
prudence, skill, and foresight, and on the part of the
troops, the greatest fortitude in enduring the fatigues
and privations to which they were exposed. These
qualities, which prove the merit of a commander arid
the discipline of the troops, have been displayed by both
with characteristic energy. Every officer and man in
this short but arduous campaign has shown that there
are no difficulties which discipline cannot surmount under
able guidance."

Whilst public opiaion on this side of the Tweed ap-
pears to be much divided as to the merits of the Lord
Advocate's new poor-relief legislation for the kingdom
of Scotland, it may be expected that we should recur to
a subject which we handled at some length on the occa-
sion of the Learned Lord bringing in the Bill in ques-
tion. But we should be sorry to throw impediments
in the way of any measure having for its object the
mitigation of those evils which the Scottish poor have
too long been left to encounter, with means almost in-
conceivably inadequate to procure them the means of
even the most meagre and attenuated subsistence. The
disclosures,—for his instrumentality in bringing
which under the notice of Parliament we think the
Learned Lord has scarcely received from some of our
contemporaries his due meed of praise,—the disclosures
which have been made of the destitution in which a vast
community of the people of Scotland habitually dwell,
are scarcely more appalling from the amount of personal
misery which they exhibit. as forming the social lot of
so many of our fellow-creatures and subjects, than they
are startling from the economic phenomena they reveal.
The condition of the poor of Scotland becomes an ob-
ject of deep but painful interest, when one reflects upon
this remarkable fact, that although the development of
agricultural, manufacturing, and commercial prosperity
in Scotland, within the last half century, is scarcely to
be surpassed by the example of any other nation within
the same era, and the same interval of years ; her un-
developed, or at least unimproved resources, are still so
extensive that their amount is almost a scandal to the
enterprise and activity for which the Scottish nation is
so justly distinguished. In saying this, we mean to
speak, of course, comparatively. Scotland is by
no means so rich a country as England ;
but, caterig paribus, we may well doubt whether Eng-
land has not shown more alacrity and industry in im-
proving her sources of natural production. In any case
the extension of her fisheries, and nature has supplied
her with some of the finest in the world, has not been
prosecuted by Scotland with half the ardour or success
that she has shown and realised in advancing her agri-
culture and stock-farming. Much, even as to her
fisheries, she has accomplished, but she has not yet
availed herself of a tithe of the opportunities that pre-
sent themselves for profitably extending them in a hun-
dred localities upon her creek, estuary, and harbour•
ndented shores.

There is, perhaps, in all Europe, no landed gentry
who possess better, or more extensive, fishing fields
than that of Scotland, scattered, as their possessions are,
along a coast line of vast extent, washed with seas that
swarm with fish. It is much to be deplored that the
great landowners in these districts—take, for example,
the Western Isles and Highlands of Scotland—do not
far more largely avail themselves of the means which
are thus ready to their hands, of increasing their own
fortunes by vastly benefiting those of the hardy natives
who hold under them. They are fishermen by the acci-
dents of their birth, and the necessities, not less than
the advantages of their position. But their energies,
their intrepidity, their endurance, and fortitude, being
at present limited to little more than the care of provid-
ing for the immediate subsistence of themselves and
their families, are rarely accompanied by that perseve
ranee which permanent employment, at however high
wages, and the exertions of capital among them, would
be sure to stimulate. Fresh fish in the spring and
summer, and cured fish for the winter, with a scanty
supply of potatoes raised by that slovenly tillage of
neglected garden plots and closes which the sagacity and
sarcasm of the late Dr. MACCULLOCH shamed, for a time,
into something like transitory activity, are too com-
monly the utmost achievements of their forecast and
their exertions. Having so few resources to fall back
upon, their poverty habituates them to a reliance more
or less, on ORO or two, exclusively, out of that limited
number. A wet summer or a protracted winter de-
stroys, or nearly destroys, their potato harvest. A very
boisterous season greatly diminishes the produce of
their fishery. The decay of their once valuable kelp-
trade leaves them little or no chance of repairing either
of these calamities.

But let some great proprietors emulate the noble
example of Mr. MATHESON, M.P., on his enormous pro-
perty of Lewis, which we on Tuesday described in our
columns. Let them reclaim their bog and moor lands
by drainage ; let them build and furnish fishing and
curing stations ; facilitate the purchase of nets, tackle,
and implements, where such aid is required of them at
the hands of meritorious individuals : let them cut
roads, deepen water ways, and avail themselves of the
substantial material which nature has every where
around them placed within their reach, of erecting darns,
constructing harbours, and all other works requiring
only rude and massive masonry ; and they will be mul-
tiplying ten-fold the present value of their rent-roll,
and ameliorating a hundred-fold the physical comforts
and condition of their poor tenants and compatriots.
When these primary elements shall have been got into
vigorous and well-combined action, then let the land-
owner introduce a simple but generous plan of moral
education for those whose social lot he will have already
so incalculably improved. What will be the amount of
free unalloyed•enjoyment which they will thus secure
for themselves, who will move about wide domains more
overspread with au aspect of busy and contented in-
dustry and cheerful vigilance, amidst the most, inhos-
pitable rigours that may at times beset the climate, and
gaze, with honest emotion, on the noble contrast which
their own efforts, their own desire to amend the hard
existence of these remote but well-disposed people, and
their own spirited liberality have established, with
the desolate and savage and dispiriting fea-
tures that the same country presented but three
or four years previously. In Sutherlandshire,
in Caithness, and along the northern and north-western
shores of Scotland, how much may yet be done, fraught
with better and more salutary influences than all that
poor laws can effect for a well•disposed and kiedly-
natured people. Let the same fine spirit which is now
diffusing life and activity to the most distant corners of
the " distant Lewis," visit the pauperised recesses of
Mull and Tobermory, or Sutherlandshire itself ; but not
to expel—not to eject—not even to force into an ill-pro-
vided-for emigration, a starving yet reluctant race of
hereditary but impoverished tenants. There are Dukes
in Scotland—Lords of the fairest lands in Sutherland

shire and Argyllshire, who, if they would betake them-
selves to follow out such plans as the wise and generous
proprietor of Lewis is now working for the improvement
of his property—and the people on it —might hope, like
him, to verify the glorious aspiration of our lyric poet,
and " read their history in a nation's eyes." Let those
Dukes " go and do likewise."

The intelligence from Madrid is to the 20th inst. On

that day the Senate voted the entire budget, by a ma-
jority of 70 to 5, and this closed the business of the
Cortes, which, as will be seen by a telegraphic dispatch,
was prorogued three days afterwards. The Court was
to set out for Catalonia on the 24th.

On the 20th the Three per Cents. closed at 32:1, and
33 at 60 days ; the Five per Cents. 24 for cash, and
241 at 60 days; and the Debt without Interest at 8 3-16
at 60 days.

The following telegraphic dispatch has been received

at Paris :

I. " The Queen of SPAIN closed the session of the Cortes
In person, on the 23d instant. The new Constitution'
was promulgated on the same day."
The Paris papers are chiefly occupied with the affairs
of Morocco and Algeria, and the forthcoming discussion
on the Budget. On the latter subject the Journal des
Debois says ;—" The Chamber of Deputies will be able
to enter on the discussion of the budget of estimates at
the beginning of next mouth. The report of M. Bio-

NON'S report is in the press, and will be distributed to the
Deputies in the course of a week. The five Bills, for
the removal of the hotel of the Minister of Foreign
Affairs—for the extraordinary credit for Algeria—
for the police—for the railroads—for the colonial
regulations—and for the Paris and Lyons railroad,
will probably be brought forward before the budget.
The report on the extraordinary credits for Algeria,
which amount to 14,430,000 f., was distributed on
Saturday, and will be taken into consideration on Tues-
day. The Committee, after having taken a full view of
the entire situation of Algeria, has made a rigid exami-
nation of all the questions connected with the conquest
of this country, its government, and colonisation.
On the day the Committee was formed it was made
acquainted with the projected expedition of Marshal
BUGEAUD against the Kabyle country. Marshal Soma,
to whom the Committee applied for a full statement of
the case, sent a summary of all the late reports from
the country in question. Soon afterwards the Minister
of War attended the Committee, and declared that, in
his opinion, the intended expedition would have favour-
able results, but he did not consider it urgent, and there-
fore the Government would not consent to any increase
of the effective force for this purpose. The Committee
admits the propriety of keeping up the effective force
for the present year at 82,000 men and 15,513 horses."
The Constitutionnel has changed its tone relative to the
failure of the commercial treaty with Morocco, and now
implies that the failure has been brought about by
English influence. M. GUIZOT, of course, comes in for
a share of the blame. The following are observations
on this affair in that journal :
" A council of Ministers was held on Saturday relative to
the affairs of Morocco. It is stated that the resolution come
to was such as might be expected from the Cabinet which
signed the treaty of Tangiers, disavowed MM. Dupetit
Thouars and D'Aubigny, and indemnified Mr. Pritchard.
The convention negotiated by M. Delarue had a double ob-
ject—to regulate the question of limits, and to assure to our
commerce certain commercial advantages. It was the
execution of two articles of the treaty of Tangiers.
The convention has just been ratified by France,
but the Emperor Abderrhaman. disavowing his ple-
nipotentiaries, refuses the ratification. What course
will be taken ? The matter is perfectly simple. General
Delarue will be disavowed without noise, and a new negotia-
tion commenced. It will be stated, it is already said, that
M. Delarue has gone beyond his instructions, and that
he was too exacting with regard to that Moorish Govern-
ment, which, in other respects, gives us so many proofs of
goodwill and deference. In the frontier question, without
giving way to the cunning and tardiness of the Arab nego-
tiators, who would have prolonged the discussion to eternity,
relative to every blade of grass, M. Delarue decided the
question equitably, like a geometrician, and obtained the
assent of the negotiators. This operation will be gone over
again, and Abderrhaman will receive some portion of
the territory which he claims. As to the commercial ques-
tion, it will be abandoned purely and simply, under the form
of indefinite postponement, to please not only the Emperor
Abderrhaman, but also another power. Such are the poli-
tical exploits by which our Ministry will impress the Moorish
tribes with respect for France, and will perpetuate the remem-
brance of the victory of Isly 1 You will find that M. Guizot
and M. Duchatel will attempt to prove afterwards that by
this condescension they are giving the Maugrabins a high
idea of France I See, in fact, how the evacuation of Moga-
dore and the treaty of Tangiers have strengthened the Em-
peror and weakened Abd-el-Kader."

The business in the French Chamber on Monday was
only of local interest. The prices in the Funds and
shares were somewhat depressed.
The Three per Cents. closed at 85f. 85c. ; the New Loan,
at 86f. 15c. ; the Five per Cents. at 121 f. 85c. ; Orleans
Railroad Shares at 1,227 f. 50c. ; Rouen, I,loof. ; Vierzon,
817 f. 50c. ; Havre, 885 f. ; Avignon, 1,037 f. 50c. ; Basle,
270 f. ; Spanish Actives, 393 s ; Spanish Passives, 7%.
The followingare thequotations for the new lines :-
Orlear.s and Bordeaux, 220 f. premium ; Boulogne, 110 f.
ditto ; Troyes and Montereau, 50f. ; Paris and Lyons
(Laffitte), 20E ; ditto (Calon), lf. 50c.; ditto (Ganneron),
10f. ; Northern line (Laffitte), 35f. ; ditto (Rosamel),
7f. 50c. ; Tours and Nantes (Mackenzie), 10E; ditto (Drouil-
lard), par; ditto (O'Neill), 15f. ; ditto (Jacques Lefevre),
par ; Lyons and Avignon (Lecointe), 20f. ; ditto (Talabot),
35f. ; ditto (Compagnie Meridionale), 10f. ; Bordeaux
and Toulouse (Mackenzie), 4f. 50e. ; ditto and Cette (Espe-
leta), 17f. 50c. ; Creil and St. Quentin, lf. 50c. ; Paris and
Strasburg (Ganneron), 12f. 50c.
LYONS, MAY 23.-Avignon and ➢farseilles, 1,060 E, cash;
Orleans and Vierzon, 825 E, end of May; Orleans and Bor-
deaux, 730 E, ditto; Boulogne, 617 E, ditto; Nismes and
Montpelier, 590 f.

COURT CIRCULAR.
The Royal dinner party at Buckingham Palace on Tuesday
included her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, the
Duchess of Buccleuch, Lady Anna Maria Dawson, the Dowager
Lady Lyttelton, Viscount Templetown, Colonel and Lady Ca-
therine Vernon Harcourt, Lord and Lady Lyttelton, Hon.
Captain Spencer, and Sir George Couper.
The Lord Chamberlain had the honour of entertaining at
dinner on Tuesday the following distinguished guests in cele-
bration of her Majesty's birth-day. The Marquis of Ormonde,
the Earl of Warwick, the Earl of Morton, the Earl of Hard-
wicke, Viscount Sydney, Viscount Cantilupe, Lord Ernest
Bruce, Lord Forester, Hon. and Rev. C. L. Courtenay, Sir
William Martins, Sir Augustus Clifford, Sir James Clark,
Hon. M. Sackville West, Hon. Frederick West, Hon. Sir
Edward Butler, Hon. Frederick Byng, Mr. Ramsden, Mr.
Blackwood, Colonel Berkeley Drummond, and the Field
Officer in Brigade waiting. The banquet was given at his
Lordship's mansion in Upper Grosvenor-street, the exterior of
which was brilliantly illuminated with the royal cypher, sur-
mounted by the imperial crown between two stars of the
Order of the Garter.

Yesterday her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited
the Queen.

Her Majesty had a dinner party yesterday at Buckingham
Palace. The company included her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Kent, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Glou-
cester, their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cam-
bridge, his Royal Highness Prince George, his Serene Highness
Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, the Duchess of Buccleuch,
the Duke of Wellington, the Marquis of Granby, the Earl of
Liverpool, the Earl Delawarr, the Countess of Westmoreland,
the Earl of Cawdor, Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Lady Caro-
line Murray, Lady Augusta Cadogan, the Hon. and Rev. C.
Leslie Courtenay, Sir George Couper, Captain Francis Sey-
mour, and Mr. Edmond Mildmay.
The band of the First Regiment of Life Guards was in at-
tendance at the Palace during dinner, and performed the fol-
lowing pieces :
Overture, " Oberon"—Weber.
Walzer, " Bedford"—Labitaky.
Potpourri, " Don Carlos"—Costa.
Selection from " La fille du Regiment"—Doniaetti.
Polka, " Pariser"—Strauss.
At a quarter-past eight o'clock his Royal Highness Prince
Albert left the Palace, accompanied by the Noble Directors of
the Concert of Ancient Music, for the Hanover-square Rooms.
The Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of Wellington, and the
Earl of Cawdor, were in the same carriage with the Prince.
The Marquis of Granby, Colonel Wylde, Captain Francis
Seymour, and Mr. E. Mildmay, occupied another carriage..
The Queen left Buckingham Palace soon afterwards, for the
Hanover-square Rooms, to honour the pirformance of the
Concert of Ancient Music with her presence. The whole of
the illustrious company accompanied her Majesty, and left the
Palace in the following order:--
A carriage conveying Lord Charles Wellesley, Sir George
Cooper, and Captain the Hon. Arthur Duncombe.
A carriage conveying Lord Byron, Hon. Miss Murray, and
the Hon. Miss Kerr.

A carriage conveying the Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Lady
Caroline Murray, Lady Augusta Cadogan, and the Countess
of Westmoreland.

A carriage conveying the Countess of Mount Edgecombe, the
Earl Delawarr, the Earl of Liverpool, and the Earl of Jersey.
A carriage conveying his Royal Highness Prince George,
his Serene Highness the Prince of Leiningen, his Serene
Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, and the Duchess of
Buccleuch.

A carriage containing her Majesty the Queen, her Royal
Highness the Duchess of Kent, her Royal Highness the Duchess
of Gloucester, and her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cam-
bridge.

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited her Ma-
jesty the Queen Dowager yesterday at Marlborough House.
Sir William Harries and Mr. Mallett had an interview with.
the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official re-
sidence in Downing-street.

The Russian Minister transacted business yesterday at the
Foreign-office.
Mr. Spooner, Sir Charles Wetherell, and a deputation had
an interview with the Earl of Dalhousie yesterday, at the office
of the Board of Trade.

Dispatches from the Governor of Ceylon, and also from the
Governor of the Mauritius, were received yesterday at the
Colonial-office.

Mr. Freshfield had an interview yesterday with the Chan.
cellar of the Exchequer.

THE QUEEN'S BIRTHDAY AT WOOLWICH.—Tues-
day the troops in the garrison assembled on the Common, in review
order, at a quarter before 12 o'clock at noon. The Royal Morse
Artillery, thuler the command of Major Strangways ; troop F, un-
der the command of Major Macbean ; troop H, under the command
of Captain F. Warde ; and the the Rocket troop, under the com-
mand of Captain Grant, were stationed on the right of the nine
battalions of Royal Artillery, the right wing under the command
of Lieutenant-Colonel Grant, and the left wing under the command
of Lieutenant-Colonel Rawnsley, with Captain and Adjutant
Needham, of the 4th battalion. The Royal Sappers and
Mners formed on the left of the Royal Artillery, under the com-
mand of Captain Howarth, and Lieutenant and Adjutant Webb,
of the Royal Engineers. The right wing of the Royal Marines
formed under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Powell, and
the left wing under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Coryton,
with Lieutenant and Adjutant Maxwell. The field batteries of
the Royal Artillery occupied the extreme left of the line, under
the command of Col. Cleaveland. Col. Turner, C. 8., commanded the
whole of the troops assembled, and proceeded along the line
and up the rear, accompanied by Brigade-Major Cuppage, Royal
Artillery; Brigade-Major Sandham, Royal Engineers; Captain and
Adjutant Cockburn, R.A., and Lieutenant and Adjutant Varlo,
Royal Marines. At precisely 12 o'clock the Royal Horse Artillery
commenced firing a salute, which was followed by a/eu de joie by
the Foot Artillery, the Royal Sappers and Miners, and the Royal
Marines, and subsequently a salute was fired from the guns of the
field batteries, the bands of the various corps playing the National
Anthem. Three hearty cheers were then given by the whole of
the assembled troops. They were then formed into marching
order, the field batteries in the rear of the Royal Horse Ar-
tillery, and headed by their respective bands, marched past the
Colonel commanding at slow time, which concluded the duties for
the day. The weather was remarkably fine, and many thousands
of spectators were present to witness the scene. The workmen at
the dockyard obtained a holiday, and consequently there was no
admission for strangers to that establishment; but the workmen of
the Royal Arsenal having obtained their holiday on Saturday last,
that great national depot of naval and military sto►es was open, and
thousands of strangers availed themselves of the opportunity to in-
spect it.

TROTTING MATCH AGAINST TIME. —An extra-
ordinary horse (of the sort, having been engaged for the last two
years in drawing a bricklayer's cart), belonging to a respectable
tradesman of Eton, was backed two months ago to trot five miles
in seventeen minutes, for 50/. The match came off on Monday
evening, on Hartford• bridge Flat. A great number of persons
from the towns of Windsor and Eton, and the adjacent districts,
were present. The betting for some days previously was two to
one on time, and very large sums changed hands upon the issue of
the event. The horse (rising six years, and fifteen hands high),
which had been well trained, and was in excellent condition, was
admirably ridden by Cator, a professional jockey from town. The
live miles were performed in seventeen minutes and twenty-five
ro u sho .
tp
the pressing
wholeP seconds; the backers of time thus winning, and to a very large
ru
amount. The horse, which was somewhat "hustled" by the
horsemen
upon him,
In nitosttroinalcseitbhread peakinrftoorma
egd theallop
five miles within the time with apparent ease, thus inducing the
presumed knowing ones to back him to a large amount.