The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-03 00:00:00

TEE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 3, 1842

TO BE HAD OF ALL BOOKSELLERS.
IVEW AND POPULAR WORKS,
- Just published by MR. COLBURN,

13, GREAT AIARCBOROUGH-STREET.

The MARQUESS of LONDONDERRY'S STEAM
VOYAGE to OiNSTANTINOPLE, by the RHINE and
DANUBE, in 1840-41. 2 vols.•live., with Illustrations.

IL
MASSANIELLO, an Historical Romance. Edited by
HORACE SMITH, Esq., Author of " Brambletye House,
&c. 3 vols.

The FOURTH VOLUME of MADAME D'ARBLAY'S
DIARY and LETTERS. (Also, New and Revised Editions
of Vols. 1., 11., and III.)

Iv.
THE bIANCEUVRING MOTHER. A Novel. By the
Authoress of " The History of a Flirt." 3 vols.

V.
LIVES of the QUEENS of ENGLAND. By AGNES
STRICKLAND. 4 vols., New and Revised Edition.—
N. B. Vol. V. will be ready in a few days.

HAMBURGH, JULY, 1842.
HIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of
AUSTRIA,
AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA,
having AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED several DIS-
TRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, by which
LARGE FORTUNES may be obtained. HEINE BRO-
THERS, at HAMBURG H, are now Felling Genuine and
WIRRANTED SELECTED
BONDS for the said DISTRII3U !lONS.
Persons desirous to purchase may receive. PREVIOUS
Riving any order, the PROSeECTUS with full PARTI-
CULARS, upon addressing, WITHOUT DELAY, a line to
HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURGH.
As we receive frep ently applications for CERTIFICATES,
we ust hoc t observe, that a CERTIFICATE is QUITE
DIFFERENT from a BOND, and Oat there is a great dif-
ference again between BONDS and SELECTED BONDS
—the SELECTED BONDS ONLY TAKING PART IN
IHE DISTRIBUTION WHICH FOLLOWS THE SE-
LECTION, and which should never be overlooked, being of
the greatest importance.

THEATRE-ROYAL, ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE.
THIS EVENING, AUGUST 3.
The Performances will commence with CAPERS AND CORO-
NETS.— Cha acters by Mesar.. Wigan, Granby, and Oxberry, Miss
Pineott, Mrs. Granby, and Miss Murray.
Will be presented the Musical Play of THE EXILE Faxon Al
tradoff, Mr J. Bland • Count Calmar, Mr. Harker; Petra' Servitz,
Mr. Harley; Daran, Mr. J. Vining ; Alexina, Miss Faucit ; Cathe-
rin Miss Murray
After which, YELLOW KlDS.—Characters by Messrs. 0. Smith,
Green. and Oxberry; Mrs. Granby, and Miss Stanley.
To be follows d by LGST AND WON.—Leyton, llr. Diddear ;
Cottetell, "r. W. H. Bland; Mistress Leyton, Miss Faucet.
titer which, the New Burlesque • allet, called G RIZELLE:—
Characters by Signor Oxberrini and Madlle. Louisotta Fairbro.
tberini.
Boxes, 4s. Pit, 2s.— Gallery, Is. Doors open at Half.past Six;
commence at Seven; Half-price, a Quarter before Nine.
Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Grogan, at the Private Box-office ;
and of Messrs. Andrews, Mitchell, Sams, and Bally, at their Libraries.

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. -
THIS EVENING, AUGUST 3.
Will be r presented Donizetti's Opera of THE LOVE SPELL,
supportad by the Eirst Vocalists of the Day—Miss Homer, fdr, W.
Harrison, Mr. Leffler, Mr. J. Webster, Mrs. Scrie, and Miss E.
terrey. Conductor, Mr. G. Stansbury.
After which, THE QUAKER.—Steady, Mr. Leffler.
To conclude with THE ARTFUL DOU6E.—Demosthenes
Dodge, Mr. G. Wild.
Places and Private SoXes may be had of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the
lox Office, from Eleven till Four daily.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully
informed that
ON MONDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURSDAYS,
GRAND EVENING FETES will be given, in which will be em-
bodied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favou-
rite place of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in-
troductions, which render them mere generally attractive.
The MENAGERIE has been enriched by many valuable and im-
portant acquisitions in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
Feeding Time Five o'clock. -
The Colossal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some
instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Tableau d'action' repre-
senting the Pi °cession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Nobles, to the Castle of SL Angelo.
Th?. BAND includes some of the most emthept Performers, con-
lucted by Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES
bI SIC A LES selectedf rom the noblest works of the great Masters.
The ILLUMINATIONof ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE,
and the GIRANDOLA of ST. ANGELO, with all the gorgeous
Spectacles and magnifieent introductions that have called forth ac.
clammations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex-
hibition, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour,
the CASC ADE of BRILLIANT FIRE, SIX I Y FEET in height.
The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The Evening
Fetes, with the Promenades Musicales, Illumination of St. Peter's,
Girandola of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays,
And Thursdays. Admission One Shilling.

faltering, and the skill matchless. It has-- spread our
commerce over the world, and opened the natural wealth
of every nation to our use. it has planted for us colo-
nies in almost every quarter of the globe. It has added
some five or six Great Britains to the soil at our com-
mand, from which we may obtain subsistence. Never
before, perhaps, was atiy nation blessed by such a com-
bination of boundless skill and means of exercising it,
and never before, perhaps, was any nation more afflicted
with grievous distress. As by corruption the sweetest
things become the most offensive, so by the misdirection,
of these extraordinary advantages has our country be-
come the prey of the most alarming poverty. For these
mighty evils we have to thank the Parliament; for the
vast power and skill which that Parliament has misdi-
rected, and for which we can never be enough grateful,
we are indebted solely to Divine Providence.
There are some men, however, who exclaim against
the progress of the nation, and call on the Government
to take measures to 'prevent the increase of the people,
or, as they call it, " temper the progress of manufac-
tures." They regard the starvation of the multitude
with indifference, if not with complacency, and think
that an artificial famine, like war or pestilence, is of ad-
vantage in keeping down the numbers of the human race.
If death, by starvation, came like a thunderbolt ; if it
were even like the stroke of pestilence, painful but sud-
den, anti all is over ; if we could say of millions of
human beings they were but they are not, starvation
might be considered a
passing calamity ; but of all the
visitations by which population is kept in check, an arti-
ficial famine, such as is caused at this moment by the
law, is the worst. It is not merely that a multitude are
actually killed, and die on the highways, as in Wales, or
in cellars, as in Manchester; it is the terrible debasement
of class after class which makes the evil so sore.

The road to death is long and wearying. It is through
lingering pauperism, which kills the spirit sooner than
the body. There may be no sign of this misery to those
who ride in their carriages from. the Parliament-house
to Grosvenor-square, and visit only the parks and the
mansions of other opulent persons ; but to those who
traverse our thoroughfares, and come into contact with
the lower classes, it presents itself in much loathsome,
and yet piteous beggary. Houses both in town and
country are besieged by mendicants, and the supplica-
tions for food and clothing bespeak the last extremity of
wretchedness. Immediately above those who actually
perish of hunger, there is a class who yet subsist, but
suffer all the pangs of want and degradation.
At a procession of paupers, we are told, which took
place on Sunday last at Burslem, when they sat down to
a scanty meal of dry bread—and"some had a little
cheese—" tears streamed from all eyes to see the state
to which thousands of industrious, intelligent, and sober
workmen were reduced." At Aberdeen, we are told,
the " tradesmen do not like the work of breaking stones,
and murmur at the pittance they receive." There is
great bitterness of spirit, as well as physical suffering,
amongst those who are saved from starvation.
A class above those who receive relief, who con-
tribute to relieve others, see in the demand thus
made on them, and on their crippled trade, the ruin of
all their hopes. They are great mental sufferers. They
must deny their children education, and themselves the
comfort that age requires, and they, look forward with
dismay for their offspring, as they see every avenue to
subsistence crowded with jostling competitors. There is
actual starvation at one end of the calamitous chain, and
at the other there is sickness of the heart—there is hope
blighted—there is an impossibility of providing for
families—and there is gloomy, corroding despair.
It is this succession of misery, visiting nearly all classes,
which makes the process of thinning the human race, by
an artificial famine infinitely worse than even war or
pestilence.

We do hope, however, that the worst is now passed,
that legislation has, for the present, reached its acme
of mischief, and that the ever-watchful and restoring
hand of nature is about to heal some of the wounds
which the law inflicts. She will give inan food though
the law withholds it. To labour under a suspicion of
causing an artificial famine, with all its mighty train of
physical and moral evils, is enough to draw on the legis-
lator the indignation of mankind.; to be convicted of that
great offence, by the plain fact that be now keeps the
food that is in our ports from coming into use, will heap
on him universal execration. Escape it he cannot, and it
must—unless men have come to love wretchedness, and
admire the hand that inflicts it--be fatal to his power.

In the first 3
m0nth5...1842-268 do.

NEW ZEALAND.—According to Parliamentary Paper,
No. 493, the probable revenue of New Zealand available
for Government purposes for one year is 38,3171.; of this
18,917/. comes from the sale of land, and 13,000/. from
Customs duties. In the same paper the expense of the
Government is estimated at 50,9221. It begins, there-
fore, with a governmental establishment, numerous
fiscal regulations, and an expenditure which exceeds a
large revenue. So did not the flourishing colonies of
New England take root in the wilderness, land gradually
extirpate it.

EMIGRATION to UPPER CANADA.

EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM MR. J. C. W. DALY TO TILE
COMMISSIONERS OF THE CANADA COMPANY, DATED

STRATFORD, HURON TRACT, APRIL 25 1842.
Were I to go to Guelph, Eiamosa, Nichol, Wool-
wich, and Puslinch, or Wilmot, I could cite hundreds
equally successful with my own settlers. I will men-
tion one man in Wilmot, John Ford; he came into
Canada in 1831 with a large family of small children ;
he worked about amongst the farmers. until 1833,
when he came to me to know if I could allow him to
go upon a lot of land in Wilmot without paying an
instalment, as the Company required one-fifth upon
all lands sold in Wilmot, without exception. I, of
course, refused him, but observing his anxiety to get
upon land, advised him to come into the Huron
Tract, and that he would have a lot ; he replied that
in Wilinot his little girls could get some employment,
for which they would be paid in provisions, which
would keep him on his farm, and in this new settle-
ment he could not expect it. Satisfied of its correct-
ness, I asked him how much he could pay, and ar-
ranged 'it so that he got the lot he applied for. In
1836, about two years and a few months. after, ..I
called at a tavern newly opened, and that by the same
John Ford. I sat down and had some conversation
with him and his wife on the subject of their migra-
tion, &c. The following I had from their own lips :
"We left Aynhoe-on- the-Hill, Northamptonshire,
in 1831, and we have reason to bless the gentleman
who sent us out at his own expense, viz., W. R. Cart-
wright, Esq., M.P. We sincerely wish our friends
had the same kindness shown them ; we had nothing
at home, and could not have existed but for the as-
sistance we got from the parish ; we, both of us, la-
boured much harder than we have ever done here,
upon very scanty food ; we have often lamented we
had children when they were crying for bread, and
none to give them ; but we have now reason to be
thankful we have them • otherwise we might have re-
mained in England, and in our old age be a burden
to the parish. We have only been in Canada five
years ; we have a deed for 100 acres of land, a good
clearance, oxen, sheep, and cattle..; implements of hus-
bandry, a good house to live in, and suitable offices;
plenty of food for ourselves and cattle, and to spare ;
our home well furnished, and ourselves and children
well clothed ; and we have means to open an inn for
the accommodation of travellers ; and what still adds

to our happiness is, that each of our children will be
comfortably settled without diminishing our own
comforts ; and all this we have obtained by sheer in-
dustry. We do not stand alone, for William and
Benjamin Ekerten, Thomas House, John Rye, John
Hall, William Buckler, and James Terry, who came
out with us under the same auspices, are equally pros-
perous."
I was so much gratified with their history, that I
made a minute of what I have related, and having
read it over to them, I asked had they any objection
to my making it known to those who were unac-
quainted with Canada. They said, " No, we wish
Mr. Cartwright knew it all, and especially our poor
friends and neighbours in A3rnhoe-on-the-Hill and all
Nottinghamshire."

REMITTANCES FROM SETTLERS IN CANADA TO THEIR
FRIENDS AT HOME.
Inquiries having been recently instituted by the
Commissioners of the Canada Company regarding the
amount remitted home by emigrants to their friends
in this country, and statements having been obligingly
furnished by the Bank of Upper Canada at Toronto,
the Bank of British North America at Toronto, the
Commercial Bank of the Midland District at King-
ston, and the Gore Bank at Hamilton ; it appears
from them that the following remittances have been
made home by settlers through the agency of the
Banks above named:—
In the year 1834...154 remittances, amounting to £1,298
7, 1835...206 do. ft 1,708
1836...245 do. f I 2,008
,t 1837...173 do. ff 1,470
„ 1838...203 do. ft 1,822
„ 1839...252 do. ft 2,132
ft 1840...365 do. ft 3,007
„ 1841. .589 do. If 4,744

2,284
pt

2,455 £20,473
And that in the last eight years no less than 2,455
settlers have been able to send home money to friends,
amounting to the large sum of 20,4731., through
these four banks alone, in sums of less than Si. 103.
each upon an average, proving that this numerous
body of settlers have not only been enabled to sup-
port themselves and their families in Canada, but that
they have been so satisfied of the advantage it will be
to their friends to join them (for which purpose these
remittances have been made), that they have suc-
ceeded in sending over this considerable sum for their
assistance.

These statements also show the growing prosperity
of Canada, as such remittances have been steadily in-
creasing in amount ; and so much so of late, that in
the year 1841, 580 remittances were made, amount-
ing to 4,744/.; and in the first quarter of the year
1842, 268, amounting to 2,2841.
It has often been stated by persons acquainted with
the advantages offered by Canada, that emigrants as-
sisted to settle in that country could repay any sums
advanced by their friends or the public for that pur-
po,e ; a stronger proof of the truth of this statement
could hardly be afforded than the information now
produced.

PAUPERISM IN THE POTTERIES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
DEAR Sin,—ln consequence of the depressed state
of trade in the Potteries, added to the recent turn-out
of the colliers, the two unions of the Potteries have
literally been besieged with applicants for parochial
relief. Some of the scenes that have taken place
baffle description. The Stoke Union has 1,200 out-
door paupers on the books, and they are rapidly in-
creasing. The Burslem Union has 2,000 out-door
paupers ; the cooking apparatus not being sufficiently
extensive, they feed them 150 at a time ; and last
Friday evening the last 150 were taking supper at
quarter-past eleven. Yesterday the Burslem out-
door paupers resolved to have a procession through
the Potteries ; they consequently assembled at teti
o'clock, marched to Hanley, from thence to Stoke,
and on to Longton, and returned to Stoke. They
then sat down to partake of their Sunday's dinner, in
some cases consisting of a very small portion of dry
bread ; in others with the addition of a little cheese.
The scene was such a one as the oldest inhabitants of
this populous district never saw. Tears were stream-
ing from almost all eyes to see the state to which
thousands of industrious, intelligent, and sober work-
men are reduced; the people in the neighbourhood,
almost as destitute as themselves, supplied them with
bread and cheese and water. One shopkeeper, a
Chartist, named Thomas Starkey, gave them a quan-
tity of bread, and 2s. ; another, named Sandbach, a
shopkeeper in the market-place, gave them half a
cheese (I should say 101bs.) and a quantity of to-
bacco. This was their first meal, at three o'clock.
After walking in procession ten miles, Bs. 4d. was
given in money, and expended in bread and cheese.
They then marched to Hanley, and held a meeting
on the Crown-bank. Two spirit-stirring speeches
were made by Messrs. Hamlet Booth and Wm. Ellis,
of Burslem. A motion was submitted to the meeting
that there be a public meeting of the inhabitants next
week, to take into consideration the cause that pro-
duces the present intolerable and aggravated distress,
and to invite all parties to come forward—Whig,
Tory, Radical, Chartist, and Socialist, Corn-law Re-
pealers, High-Churchmen, and humble Ranters.
Yours, respectfully,
THOMAS BIRKIN.
Tunstal, Staffordshire Potteries, Aug. 1, 1842.

THE CIIINESE CANNON—Four pieces of brass
ordnance, captured from the Chinese, and landed at the
gun-wharf, from her Majesty's ship Wellesley, on Thurs-
day last, have attracted numerous visitors, among whom
the most Noble the Marquis of Anglesey, Admiral Sir
David and Captain Milne, &c.. The Noble Marquis was
accompanied round the gun-wharf by R. Eaton, Esq.,
Ordnance storekeeper, and Captain Burnaby, B.A. Two
of the cannon are .12 feet in length, 10 in.-4-10 bore,
2 feet 6 inches diameter. One 11 feet 2 inches long,
8 in.-8-10 bore, 1 foot 8 inches diameter—all dated in
the year 1627. The inscription on each is as follows:
" Dacitate Donome Dedeos da China ;" maker, " Carol
F." The small piece is an English made 6-pounder,
9 feet long, dated 1601 ; or, it, " Richard Phillips made
this piece." We understand he was an armourer in the
reign of Queen Elizabeth.—Devonport Independent.

, GLASGOW DISTRESS.—We regret to state that the
distress in arid around Glasgow continues to increase ; and
that the approsching harvest as yet has only lessened in part
an overwhelming number of applicants for relief. This week,
up to last night, the soup kitchen has issued 19,146 rations of
soup, giving a daily average of 2,735. There are in all em-
ployed on the relief fund about 1,800 able bodied men; and
there are at this moment, besides that number, about 1,300 ap-
plicants for relief. Of these applicants, not fewer than 600
are females, comprising spinsters, deserted wives, and aged
females. The dependents on these 1,300 applicants number
2,600 human beings, forming in ail an aggregate of unprovided
wretchedness and destitution, which harrows one's soul to con-
template. Surely nothing more than this simple statement of
facts is required to make our wealthy and benevolent citizens,
and every comfortably situated person, however humble in
station, largely contribute to lessen this huge amount of misery.
l‘othing but this will save life, and preserve the consciences of
those possessing the comforts of life from the canker-worm of
self-reproach.—Refortners' Gazette.
TILE GRAVE OF SIR WALTER SCOTT.—As several
paragraphs on this subject have recently gone the reund of the
newspapers, it may be proper to state, that the iron railing
1.4 hick surrounds the tomb at Dryburgh was put up by Sir Wal-
ter Scott's family after the interment, and, by Sir Francis
Chantrey's advice, a huge mass of granite was intended to be
put over the grave, for which be was to furnish a design ; but
a variety of pressing engagements, delicate health, and, finally,
his sudden death, combined to deprive the sanctuary at Dry-
burgh of what might have been expected from the genius of
the most eminent of our sculptors• It has not yet been de-
cided whose asiistance shall be asked to carry out the plan, and
it must be obvious that the absence of the present Sir Walter
Scott in India has of itself ocessioiled de)sy.—Edinburgh
Courant,

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