The Sun.
London, England, 1816-04-18 00:00:00

UNION HALL

Robert Tnylor„bihn 1-I(nt.'fr(l, and
three joorneytnen • tanners, t, ci•e hrolight nr;
charged 'ivy Mr. 'finthr.-11, k%ith i'mrtie3
etme:.:rned in,t he ;lot on iii prentkv,, 311.1;1SfmtlIC
WI her oil, 011 1\101111;1V Ctateit
in I r Paper of yrqrvrtlity : thf.; el-Ny:l(T • V,.4SSi_
!1- to that nidimdy giveo hy its. 'The' t:rh•on'eft
conlyn:tt,4l Till they iln111& find to ail—
•ver the co: aphinf ut Seviion4.

• Some of. the London knowiltg /mot me siiitl to
hare fmtveriii hiteet:Nsfill !not. in concrqtlent tt
of the nr.cival 4,f 44 c.irrier pigerm.frotit Netvniaritut:
with the rme t,vetn Sirrdiabiaz
Phil/to (la Platt, lit U'ast 10111' 60111 S ht 110.11: Mit. ex..
VS$ Cattle (0'
.LAI Teits it,i's,

Strawberries were ciiiplAyeil: yes•cf.ilay in the-.
fruit ,3110pS CilVetit (i:initlll, he moderuit:
price of sevo'sliillings per thumbpuitic, emit cl)1)
.titi11101; ttVu dozen titru‘vberrici ; and •fine'
ion -house grape,: nt nu wore t!uin two. pounds Jlee
shillings per poun-l.

_ .
• On Wellnestky night, the 10i1) instant; at halt'
Doti, o'clock, the porter of the 11Vddlesex "-
llosnititl,. treating a loml rin4,iiT at dn. licql, on
tycning the door. found a rush .!)I,,ket title d %rittt
11 nine!,, coutainin,t; a female chi;d, ft NIA( cm; iv
,Owitt fl Atom)); old, anti in. good heolth, dres:sed,
in a clean white- frock, turd
f,:ndi lac(' in lire batket
tire clean wykito, and a change of linen. it wag •
delivered •to the house sulgeon, w.ito colninitted.
;it to the 'care one of the wash, until the first
ineeting..of the weekly -.board; .1).7 whom it wat4
sent to the tvOrkinnise 1.11.11y.1e-hone.
. ColiON F, INQ,UF,iT,—Vc:,terday afteroonn;
about t\“) o'clock, an ii•:o,“est, was held at • the.
Bed Linn, in PoriLnd-strtvi,_St,.Linittti's, Infore
Coroner,, lot: ‘Vctim;nsker, on the body
of William aged about GO. it appearva
from the evidence of ,eveyal pertions, that the tle-
cett...ell was. -brought to St. Ado's WatCh.hous.er
$OllO, on'Ajoiniay and he being evidently
trestiseil anti ilehilitate4l, the watch-:,onse-lan.per
gave him some wartn,beer, and put him near the
lira, where he remained Hotillibont five o'clock in
the ntorn:ngisay:ing he belonged to OKfOrd, anti
that he lodg,ed Briek-street, Piccadilly he
Was, given in-care of one of the watchmen in tnUtt
him itome,.htit about an, hour after he was found,
under the ,wil:dow• of Mr. C.:ook'4 house, in •
Princess-ttreet, in a,,dying sta. c iv:. two of the Itaristt
olriyer.s, who put him ion) a hack tp..y-eoach, anti
took him to tit, workhouse, whet% be ex.'
aired in ;Mow, inn bonr., After an itAttiry
brick-street, it •Iwa., at:certajned that be torawrly
had been driver of the Oxfoid-coiieh, and sine*
be was t etl'oed he Rived t tie (not:ester Co; ••••
fee-110414e, in neettchily, aitkw.i.t3 click tiy suprort+
.
ed by • the coachmen ; that he ittlit r•egultiv
1.041144,,0n1y sleeping in the •toilt-i, witctv he
was. known. Veroict—'‘ • .Died L, the Visitatina,
of

-• ?fr. 411;;Icsre# Potent Imperial Cm:ll.—Tl•
'petit) .discovtry taAttdns Mori Biel lttatt tt t 11.1 V.
Witt tiltqe it is il'C ilift,rt• it '
its {whick at :111 oh,t I,:a
()tit 01 tile itg C,AadaCoul,es3 to
woiati still be a tbilic:ent ts„,cottilz,eit, 16411;
tt, rAllobt be too genrially haow;, that ii: Ft]a!i
have been otrercil. bud (listiproouttLut d
cf,a,A4e,' whele patrit,s4:* Ilavc 'O, A.,t fit id' A K It
ettubut be, obtait-wd awl -k:1?Iy I.'artived
tileYat„etttce attuly (41kyt: AtAA,Ase xi {Ad, tvA:r, 1.0.4 AL
his lirrelii.;uses,.No. 10, eficiipsl44:.

--

NATIONAL CURRENCY.

LErrtit I.

?sIAIOI TORRENS TO TIM EARL OF LAUDERDALE.

MY Loki,-•.-}'or addressing a piddle men, on
a public quest ion, no apology is necessary. I
shall lo.oceed, without further prefate, to submit
to your Lordship some observations ()tithe theory
of motley, anti on the expediency of continuing
the,restriction of cash payments, and of rendering
silver t!ie standard of 'our currency.
Money is any commodity which general cor=
sent estaolishes as the measure of value., and me-
diom of exchaoue. Now money, being n 0,11101;
than a commodity employed in performing cer-
tain functions, most, like every other commodity,
be subject to the laws of supply and demand. On
this nrinciple, therefore, I will proceed to illus-
trate thnse variations in the value of money and
of currzney, which the fluctuations of foreign
trail ,tiol the balance of foreign payment occa-
sionally produce.
Let us suppose that the rate of exchange be..
tw!.!ti England and the Continent is at par ; that,
after the demand fol. each others co:nmodities is
inriiiially-supplied, the debts are exactly balanced
by t ii edits. Now this being the previous state
ot things, we-will suppose farther, that a had
hareet (seems in England, and compels her to
import front the Continent a large supply of corn.
As all commerce is an exchange of equivalents,
something must be sent abroad to pay for this
foreign graill. The first question, therefore, to
be considered in this case; is, what commodity
•will he sent out to pay/or it ? The ordinary con-
tinental demand for British goods, is, by the sup-
position, already supplied what articles .there-
fore will form the basis of that extraordinaty ex-
tant .11 c, .t c must take place ?
Self interest is tire. .spring of every commercial
transaction; and the merchants who have Mem-
red foreign debts by an extraordinary importa-
tion of corn, will export in return such articles
as may enable them tp discharge those debts at
the cheapest rate. The„basis of the extraordinary
exportation, thereforeovill not be taken in equal
vroportions frorri the general 'mass of cumin°
cast .
ies ; but will consist of those particular articles
which mite be sent abroad at. least expeilCe, and
which are least likely to glut the foreign market.
For example, if, after the .two countries
mutually supplied each others ordinary' wants,.
. Et:gland were obliged to import corn frinn Fratteee
to the moonlit of a million sterling, she would not
pay this debt hy sending is France an increased
7qoantity of cords, 01' oPeasf:iron, upon which she
would incur an enorolotts expellee for carriage.
Neither would England attempt to liquidate bee,
extraordinary debt to .France; by an extraordinary
.expoitAtion of steel %vatcle.springs ; because theSe
articles, though possessing great value in propor-.
Oen to, their hulk, are yet of such limited demand,
that they would speedily overstock the foreign
market, and consetincntly be sold at considerable
..loss. Those particular articles, therefore, which
can lie conveyed at the cheapest rate, and which
arc least liable to glut the foreign market, will
rayS form the basis of that extraordinary ex-
p cation which is resorted to for the purpose of
paying foreign debts.
Whatever may be the commodity which, from,
the cheapness of its carriage;and the universality'
,of its-den-mod, merchants may select for the tow-
liose cif litpaidating extraordinary foreign debts,.
..that.courrnodity, its supply diminishes in the
home toNrket and increases •in the foreign, Will
necessarily have its value Tithed in the former and'
:lowered in the latter.. Here, therefore, the itn-
portaut queStioti presents .itself, namely, when the.
*commodity Which the merchaot has selected for
,the purpose of liquidating extraordinary foreign,
debt has beets rendered duller in the home, than
.in the fOreign. market,' will it continue to be. es.
:ported? if We.cao arrive •at a right decision upon,
this question, we shall obtain a clue to -stime of the
toast intricate recesses of the theory of money and
exchange.
Let` es sop Pose that a deficient harvest in Eng-
land has raised the price of corn so high, that the
merchant who ,i'mports a supply of grain from
France, can, on this first part of his transaction,
obtain a profit of thirty per cent. Now,' if fine
cottons are the commodity which be exports in
ig
pment, and n these will sell its France at a price
which exactly covets the expence of sending them
thither, then it is evident that the Merchant, in
balancing his account by the exportation of cot-
tons, can sustain no loss ; and that when the.
whole of his-transaction is completed, he will still
obtain a profit'of thirty per cent. Nit if cottons
continue to be ,sent 'out of England, not for the
purpose of supplying the ordioary commercial de-
mand of France, lint in order to balance an unfit-
Vottrable account incurred by an extraordinary
importation of corn, 'it is evident that the supply
will diminish lir the former; and increase in the
latter country; anti consequently, that these
gonds,:when measured by every other commodity
eteepicorn, %yin acquire a higher value in Eng.;
:land titan in France. Let, therefore, the value of
cottons rise in England and fall in France, to such
a degree, that the merchant, by sending them
from the former to the latter conntry,ln orderto
balance WS account, sustainilt loss of ten per
Cent. Bit in importing the corn, ire paying tar
Which- tie`e—mast incur this lops, he bad acquired
thirty per cent. His, profit, therefore,,upoo, the
wholeirausiction wilikse twenty'per cent.; and
in order to secure this, he will, unless some other
goods can he sent abroad at a cheaper rate,,con.
thole to export cottons; though they-shoeld be
° denier in the hotne(than)in the foreign market.
The question tiler fore at lses,,cannot souse other.
Itoodsheseirt abroad at a cheaper rate?- By the sups
position,allionnunditiA,except corn and cottons,
are, both in Euglatni-and in France, at their Ordi-
nary Midlevel value anti we ha 6 now, to in-
quire, whether 4amt of titcse commodities, on
which 110 loss could he sustained, except than
will+ arose from the expence of carriage, might
not he substfotted for the cottons, on which a lost
of tell per cent, must be sustoinctl ? This can
he Ilttermitied only by comparittg:the toss-arising
thom- the carriage of other commuditioti with the