The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-28 00:00:00

LONGEVITY,

et Modernes :"
The following details are extraepteudblfisrhomed,aacntyieonus-
tbiotloekd by,,
LcsM. Lc%) onnteciolrte,s,reAcennetileyns
one 159, one 160,
" There have died in England, in the course of the
last century, 49 persons who have reached from 130
75. 155,r
The official returns
to 180 years of age. Of those seven reached 134
yoneearls,6Bfo,uornel3lB6,9t,wa•
of Russia show that there were in that empire in 1814
seven persons aged upwards of 125 years, and one who
had passed 160. In 1835, a man died there 135 years
old, and in 1838 there died 1,238 persons who had
passed 100, of whom 125 were upwards of 120, 111
ondl4otfol
were from 121 to 125, three from 126 to 130, five from
131 to 140, one was 145, three were from 150 to 155,
one was 160, and one 165. In France we do not live
so long, yet the following instances of longevity are
worthy of notice. In 1710, a peasant, named'Jean
Mazard, died at Dun-le____ R
oi, in Berry, aged up-
wards of 110. This man preserved his senses
to the last, and was married ten times. The last
time he entered into the marriage state he was 99
years of age, and the bride 18, who two years after-
wards made him a father. A cure of Lisieux,
named Desroches, died in 1712, aged 113. He cele-
brated mass a few days before his death, and resided
91 years in the parish. In the same year died Jaques
Thevenot, a labourer at Chateau, V
ilain, aged 114,
married three times, and the father of 39 children,
and an officer named Bultrade, buried at St. Germain,
aged, 115, leaving behind 17 children, the eldest 74,
and the youngest 12. In 1718, an apothecary, named
Le Baupin, died at Chateaubriand, 107 years old. He was
married twice, and was upwards of 80 when he con-
tracted the second marriage. He was the father of
32 children-16 by each wife; and he was 103 years
old when his wife was.delivered of two fine boys, who
died upwards of ninety years later. In 1747 died at
Lourdes, M. Nazon de Vir, 118 years old. He was
passionately fond of shooting, and had good sport not 1
long before his death. He was upwards of 100 when
he married. In 1757 a farmer of Bar near Tulle,
named Nouthac, died at the age of 11,5. He never
had a day's sickness, \v a s married three times, was 92
when he entered the state of wedlock the second time,
by which union he had several children, and was 102
when he married the third time."

THE AMERICAN TREATY AND
THE WAR FACTION.
(From the Spectator.)
A few words to bring out into bolder relief the
reckless spirit of the railers at Lord Ashburton's
treaty will not be thrown away. Old stories are raked
up to show that the negotiator has American leanings.
One of his speeches in 1825 is recalled to memory—
" It is impossible that Canada can continue to be very
long a colony of Great Britain." This was said by
Lord Ashburton as a member of the Whig party, and
with the approval of that party. Lord Palmerston
was then in the Tory ranks, and if not right he is at
least consistent with his repro'ation ; but his present
Whig followers ? Lord Ashburton's speech in 1825
was no expression of undue bias to America, but the
expression of an opinion—that sooner or later all great
and enlightened communities will exercise the right
of choosing their own form of Government—which we
believe was once universally recognised by all Liberal
politicians. If Canada is to remain connected with
this.country, it must.be kept by other and more vital
measures than boundary line arrangements. Again,
Lord Ashburton is rated for having in a speech at
Boston called that city " the old cradle of liberty."
Was it not? was it not the sacred ground on which the
Pilgrim Fathers first set foot in the New World ? It
is a hallowed spot in the eyes of the freemen, even
'though " "Old Fanueil" and the --conversion of loston
harbour into a teapot be left out of the question. But,
looking upon Americans ofthe United States as sprung
from the same parents as ourselves—as English both
in their virtues and vices—Liberals at least have been
accustomed to regard the war of independence in
America in the same light as they regard the war be-
tween Roundheads and Cavaliers in this island, and,
admitting the merits of the Royalists in both strug-
gles, to hold that justice was in both on the side of
the Republicans. It is somewhat new, at this time
of the day, to hear one who professes to be a Whig and
something more, scandalized by approbation of " suc-
cessful revolt." Bentham taught men to speak lightly
of the old Whigs ; but what would an old Whig—
what would Fox or even Burke think of the new,
could they hear such language ? " Who is Silly
Billy now ?" was once asked of a Liberal Monarch :
" Who are the Tories now ?" may be asked of those
who yelped " keep out the4Pories. '
This appeal to obsolete prejudices against the Ame-
ricans is in admirable keeping with the tone virtually
recommended to be adopted towards foreign States.
We are reminded, that, "when a Persian Governor
enforces the ordinary custom-house laws on a Russian
merchant, the Russian Ambassador at Tehran insists
upon having the Persian Governor sent to him in
chains ; and in chains he is sent;" and that when a
Governor of Tangiers gives offence to the French,
"they send a ship-of-war; the ,captain demands to
have-half-a-dozen of the chief Moors bastinadoed in
his presence; and forthwith it is done." And then
comes the application : " And does the commerce of
these nations derive no advantage from this vigorous
administration of their foreign policy?—Most un-
doubtedly it does, derive the greatest advantage, and
frequently much to the prejudice of ours." It is to
pave the way to the revival of this doctrine, that the
attempt has been made to revive the extinct Tory
prejudice that the Americans are rebels to British
supremacy; to insinuate that Lord Ashburton is half
an American in his heart ; and to caricature all advo-
cates of a pacific policy as " extreme members of the
Liberal party," who wish to concentrate all attention
upon home questions, because "they think that in
the body politic, as in the body physical, two inflam-
mations cannot co-exist, and they wish that all the
inflammatory action should be brought to bear upon
the organic changes which they labour to bring
about." Almost the language of the Church and
King mobs at the time when Priestley's house was
sacked : "The Ethiopian cannot change his skin,
nor the leopard his spots :" Lord Palmerston cannot
get rid of the principles of the first twenty years of
his thirty years' tenure of office. lie—or the Morn-
ing Chronicle, " which amounts exactly to the same
thing"—insults the leader of the " Sufficient Suffrage"
movement, (who disapproves of all war,) and the
leader of the Anti-Corn-law movement, (who got up
a meeting in Manchester against the Chinese war,) at
the very time that he is ambitious of being made
leader of the movement; and he denounces the prin-
ciples of Charles James Fox as sedition, at the same
time that he is inviting Lord John Russell, the head
of the Foxites, to become a Radical along with him !
We have a war faction at home as well as across the
Channel, only the leader of the British one is scarcely
so brilliant a demagogue as Thiers.

FOREIGN HARVEST.—The harvest is almost en-
tirely gathered in throughout the east of Europe, and
we are enabled to furnish the following comparative
estimates, collected from the most accurate accounts.
In Silesia there has been a good average harvest. In
Poland, Galicia, and the Duchy of Posen, there has
been a decidedly good harvest, and the same may be said
in regard to Russia. In Hungary the crops have been
most satisfactory • andin the Banat, which is regarded
as the granary of country, they are doubly as pro-
ductive as last year. Iu Transylvania and the Turk-
ish provinces, the harvest has been most plentiful. Si-
milar abundance has also been experienced in Moravia.
Everywhere the grain is of good quality, and yields
from 15 to 20 per cent, more flour than in humid
years. It may, therefore, be predicted that, in the
east of Europe, the price of wheat will fall instead of
rising, even though foreign demand should be very
great.
THE CorroN MARKET.—A very limited business
was done in this market during the past week. Prices
showed a slight tendency to decline, until Friday,
when the extensive destruction of cotton by fire no
the morning of that day had the effect of hardening
the market. On Saturday a fair business was done,
1,000 bags having been taken on speculation, and
prices were at least, *d. per lb. higher than they had
been on Thursday. Estimates differ as tci the quan-
tity of cotton destroyed by the fire ; but it has been
ascertained by the insurance offices, that the quantity
is not less than 46,000 bags ; and the warehouse-
keepers estimate, that there were, at least, 10,000 bags
more; making together 56,000 bags, which, at the
average value of 81. per bag, will give a Aotal loss of
448,0001. A destruction so immense must have an
important bearing on the price of the staple during
the remainder of the year. The 56,000 bags thus
destroyed may be considered as equal to the average
consumption of the manufacturers for three weeks.
It will go very far to compensate, in in effect on the
value of cotton, the holders for the loss they may be
eupposed to have sustained in the diminution in price
by the cessation of the demand for consumption,
caused by the recent turn-out of the workmen in the
manufacturing districts. An advance in price is,
therefore, extremely probable.—Liverpool Albion.
GIBRALTAR,- AuG. 27.—Yesterday being the anni-
versary of Prince Albert's birthday, the Royal standard
was hoisted, early in the morning, at the New Mole,
Montague Flag Staff, and on board her Majesty's ship
Formidable, and the union jack at the Upper Signal sta-
tion. At twelve o'clock Royal salutes were fired from
the batteries, her Majesty's ships Formidable, 'Plun-
derer, Belvidera, and United States frigate Congress.
The Earl of Yarborough's yacht Kestrel, had the red and
blue ensigns hoisted throughout the day. This yacht
left Gibraltar on the 29th ult. "While the Kestrel was in
the Straits of Gibraltar, she frequently accompanied the
Formidable and the Thunderer in their cruizes, testing
their sailing qualities, the Earl of Yarborough being
the umpire on those occasions. Her last. cruise with
those vessels was from Malaga, which place they left to-
gether, but in the night, parting company, the Kestrel
bore up for Gibraltar ; after dining with Sir John Sin-
clair, his Lordship left Gibraltar, with a fine wind blow-
in.. W. N. W., and it will excite some little surprise in
the naval circles, when it is known that the Kestrel beat
through the Gut of Gibraltar, with that wind, in 37 tacks,
a feat we believe unprecedented in the annals of sailing.
The Kestrel arrived at Falmouth on Wednesday last, the
21st inst., and is shortly expected at this port.—Devon-
port Independent.
ELOPEMENT.—On Sunday morning, long before
the chime of the church bells, a handsome well-appointed
Brougham, driven by a smart young " tiger," in blue
livery, was observed to draw up in Belgrave-square.
After some tine a young lady, accompanied by her maid,
hastily entered the 'carriage, which was immediately
driven off at a rapid pace to the parish church of St.
George, Hanover-square, where the lady was met by a
dashing and very handsome swain, who, having all pre-
pared for the ceremony, led the blushing bride to the
altar, when the happy pair were united by the " silver
link and silken tie' of Hymen's bonds. The lady, who
is possessed of no small personal attractions, is an heiress
in her own right, and the only child of a Reverend
Divine in Northamptonshire, related to, and bearing the
name of an eccentric and most distinguished member of
the bar, who once held a high office under the Welling-
ton Administration. The gentleman is well known in
the valley of the " Whispering Wye," and made his poli-
tical debut at the last Herefordshire election.
Bills have been issued in Southampton, offering a
reward of 100/. for whoever will give information that
shill lead to the conviction of the person who shot at
Peirce in the Houndwell in Southampton, and who
was recognised as one of the party engaged in a
Chartist plot to murder the Queen. Fifty pounds will
be paid by Government, and 501. by Peirce himself.

The Walhalla stands on a hill called the Brauberg,
which rises about 250 feet above the level of the
Danube, at a place called Donaustauf, not far from
Ratisbon. The edifice reposes on cyclopean substruc-
tures of a truly colossal magnitude, and six sets of
marble steps lead from the temple to the five succes-
sive terraces over which it rises. From these terraces
the view is inconceivably sublime. From the north-
west a road winds through a grove of oaks up to the
building; to the west lie the ruins of the ancient
Castle of Stauf, upwards of 800 years old ; and to
the north the woody hills which stretch away to the
Bohemian forests.

Of many of the illustrious individuals whose names
figure among the worthies of Germany, no well au-
thenticated likenesses have been tranzmatted to us. In
such cases as it has been impossible to place busts of
them in the temple, their names in letters of gilt
bronze have been inscribed on large tablets of white
marble. Of these tablets there are 64, of the busts
about 100, but space is left for the future introduction
of many more. Among the names an Englishman
will be surprised to find many which he has been ac-
customed to rank among the distinguished ornaments
of his own national history, such as Alfred the Great,
the Venerable Bede, &c. King Louis, however, con-
siders the Saxons in England as a part of the great
German family, and, on the same principle, Clovis and
Charlemagne are likewise admitted among the asso-
ciates of the Walhalla. In fact, Germany, according
to the King's plan, is made to extend as far as the
German language is 'spoken, or was spoken, at any
particular time.

The inauguration of the Walhalla will, no doubt,
be celebrated in Germany as a national festivity,
and strangers will flock to Ratisbon from all parts of
Europe to participate in the spectacle. To English
tourists the opening of the Saxon-Bavarian railroad,
which has just taken place, will offer great facility of
access, as from llamhurgh the steam-boats up the
Elbe to Madgeburg, and thence along the railroad to
Leipzic and Altenburg, will bring the traveller to
within a short distance of the scene of the solemnity.

CARTE'S AND MANBY'S LIFE-
PRESERVING APPARATUS.
This exhibition, 'so long and eagerly looked for,
by the inhabitants of the inland towns along the
coast, commenced on Monday last, at Redcar, and
was continued during the greater part of the after-
noon. Gradually all the different life-boats, with their
crowds of hardy mariners, advanced lightly along the
waters, and, with their scarlet colours and fluttering
flags, presented a cheering and animated appearance.
In a short while, numbers of the huge leviathans of
modern art, y'clept steam-boats, came towering along
the ocean, loaded with numerous swarms of the

" honest men and bonnie lasses " of Stockton, Mid-
dlesborough, llartlepool, and the surrounding towns
along the coast. They were soon emptied of their
multitudes, and when these, with the enormous
crowds from Guisborough, Stokesley, Skelton, Up-
leatham, Normanby, Eston, Kirkleatham, and the
whole of the low side of Cleveland, were assembled,

iere could not be fewer than from three to four

thousand met to do honour to this interesting exhi-
bition, and to record their approbation of efforts thus
devoted to the cause of humanity.
Without further preface, we shall now advance to
the actual and practical part of the business, and
supply the public with a correct report of the ex-
periments.

RESULT OF EXPERIMENTS.
No. 1. By the Coast Guard of Hartlepool : Dis-
tance, 250 yards (Manby's Apparatus.)—Line fell
6 feet short of intended vessel, and within 4 feet 7i
inches of the centre line.
No. 2. By the Coast Guard of Hartlepool (Carte's
Rocket) : Distance 250 yards.—Line fell 38 feet
short, and 68 feet wide.
. No. 3. By the Coast Guard of Hartlepool (Manby's
Apparatus): Distance, 250 yards.—Line fell across
the intended vessel, 25 feet from the centre line, and
ranged 32 feet 8 inches beyond.
No. 4. By the Coast Guard of llartlepool (Carte's
Rocket) ; distance, 250 yards. Line fell 103 feet
short of the mark, and 50 feet wide of the centre line.
No. 5. By the Coast Guard of Hartlepool (Manby's
Apparatus) : distance, 250 yards.—Line fell across
• the intended vessel 4 feet 6 inches from the centre line,
and ranged 128 feet beyond.
No. 6. By A. G. Carte, Esq., for the Seaton Life-
boat Crew : distance, 200 yards (Carte's Rocket).—
Line fell across the intended vessel 31 feet from the
centre line, and ranged 244 feet beyond.
No. 7. By A. G. Carte, Esq., for the Seaton Life-
boat crew : distance, 200 yards (Carte's Rocket).—
Line fell across the intended vessel, 31 feet from the
centre line, and ranged 321 feet beyond.
No. 8. By A. G. Carte, Esq., for the Seaton Life-
boat Crew (Carte's Rocket.)—Fired for a Life-beat
at sea, lying lengthways. The line fell across the
boat. This last was a splendid experiment, and eli-
cited much cheering.
P.S.—I should not omit to add, that the first two
rockets appeared to fail, from want of sufficient prac-
tice among the parties employed, as the experiments
were perfectly successful under the superintendance
of Mr. Carte, himself.
In offering our remarks on these interesting expe_
riments, we must state that our first impressions were
decidedly in favour of Manby's apparatus for force,
certainty, and precision ; but when Mr. Carte arrived
(after having been detained on a sand-bank for an
hour, and nearly requiring the aid of his own rockets),
our opinion was materially modified, and ,
quite delighted with the remarkable exactnessN'e with
which, under his practised hand, and acute eye, the
fiery messengers of safety arrived at thi.neil‘•fr.esiitiingahttoionn:s
The last shot in particular (No. B,w
in
sailors, and
list) fired to a life-boat, crowwdiethdwas
a chef d'ceuvre
lying direct north and south,
In
faofact tremendous
this
ecxhpeeerri
--
of dexterity, and was hailed
minegnbtoatlhonate, sea and atendstionngshtohree.
and its certainty of Security of the plan,
success
distance, and time : and placede
ficient to repay amply th""' was
quite suf-
visitors for expense,
a statfo f
vast advantage of such a beyond. question, the
process in saving life. We
on Sunderland 11
are sure, that had
we ourselves have witnessed, would or these rockets being es-
tablishedthat
vseveral
have shipwrecks,heen di
of the most serioussested
disasters—the loss of human
life. Those of our readers who witnessed the perilous
scene of the 1 will know what we mean. In fact,
on a rocky beach, or in situations which can be readily
approached, and Within a few hundred yards of the

which we are by no means familiar. v IVe cannot,
however, avoid expressing our belief that, under pre-
sent circumstances, a strike must he attended with
the most disastrous consequences. In all likelihood,
if the workmen insist upon a general advance of
wages, and continue* the strike in the St. Rollox fac-
tory, the masters will, in self-defence, stop all the
works together, and thus many thousands will be
thrown out of employment. At St. Rollox alone the
effect of twelve • cotton-spinners striking work will
be to throw idle about 300 weavers and other work-
men. We are aware that the cotton-spinners are
miserably paid; but so long as the self-acting spin-
ning machines hold so efficient a control as they
now do over the market, we cannot see by what
means they are likely to better their condition, while
a strike must have the undoubted effect of making it
infinitely worse. They cannot be ignorant of the
fact that many of the spinning masters are gradually
filling their mills with self-actors. One employer
has, within the last twelve months, supplied the place
of twenty spinners with self-actors, and within a
period of two years not fewer than forty-four hands,
in all, one-half of whom are dressers, have been
supplanted in this work ; while the machine makers
are at this moment busily supplying Others. Under
these circumstances, a strike would drive many spin•
ners to the self-actors with far greater haste than
otherwise they would be disposed to do, and thus the
poor workmen would be the first to sustain injury
through their own conduct. A master cotton spinier
assures us, that should this strike be followed up, in
less than two years the employers will be wholly in-
dependent of their men, and will• be in fears of a
strike no 'longer. Considerations like these should
make the workmen pause.—Glasgow Argus.