The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-10 00:00:00

LORD MAYOR'S SHOW.
Itt an early hour yesterday morning, a numerousero„iied
streets lealing to the Mansion-house were
;Ivith Pedestrians all wending their w.ayn.toNthoevesitiairetle-
',ag-Point of the Lord Mayor's procession.
11, anY
kind was allowed to pass further inttohetrhee Cwiatsy,
_„,'"an the end of Farringdon.-street, where
'llilel 'purse,' occasionally a little confusion. Ludgate-
' in consequence of this arrangement, appeared
tiulte a different place to Ludgate-hill ofwvi4istoeurtdat3h•
talnileheapside looked like.. a race-course ,
e
11' Wandering musicians were conugtrefograttiel-,ddnitntbitt.,
',41(1 several open air exhibitions werfetpe
';,ss to the gratification of many
,oh
ah
side by the ap-
Aot a little stir Was caused in C e p
holiday folks.
tesi.Nnee of Freemen, the "great" American. pugilist,
1%".}1"9,is
_generally ca. lled " the American
.grant," to
'en title he certainly has a just right, as he is up-
of of seven feet high. It was not a little
.amus. amusing
1,,..,?ear the various remarks pas,..ed upon him as
Isiused thron
now-ball, increase
gh the streets, with a posse of boys andd
ilionien at his heels, which, like a
Thes
prevailing re-
hath.leas it rolled along.
"!'s Were, " Oh, my gracious ! there'san da moanne."
g" roOuhp,
It
of .18 on stilts," said one m
laCliVidtmlS who had got it into o'
abouttheirhea to siol,
dsthatlhe.
tit the new "Lord
.Mayor walking .
Zelf, were canvassing amongst the..onuseldlveesatthaetptrhoe-
fiZ amount of good . things hek
uw
his station on
cr• The giant eventually too
orio° Bridge to view the procession
early as ten
0.0 Pro.cession commenced forming as .
essipon on the water.
*ere .
fi3ek In Ding-street, Cheapside,
and
the ' great number of carriages, the coachmen.hats, of
and by eleven thered
white.f
the Illen all adorned with rosettesr_inhltuheeiarndha.,
Thea7.lours of the new Lord y
of orangements of the police during
mthaeneagareldy, partand
niorning were extremely
Theao the
highest praise.
the P° Precession in passing
Lthornoduognh.bCriodrgnehiil andt' e
to
n
st4i4ultry Proceeded over
Preen°a the Southwark side, invt•hileiihrgleoeparloitp
In t Chief Magistrate holds a very ye
property. 11
nearly low water at
the Pe eusequence of
,its being
i% wia'eriod of embarkation, with ltidecirtuynncioning
Companies'
tea 8 terrnined that the various
s f
Icarinsessliould be towed up, and four steaersvvs•bearergien,
Witk ~ or that purpose.
taken in
kovl3‘hat of the The Lord Mayor
the ger‘ and Grocers'
%on Y e‘naet" the Goldsmiths'Waterman Ctoeluareurys,awnadsthe Fish-
Toil Etars_l44.),,,Car°,„ Company.. byTh
The
anotherbsa resb boat t
the belonging
Merchantto
kotee its, 'a"tnti Stationers, the
procession. two. other co n
Ipan
ies , Skinners,
als toh
joined
Tallow
the
the usual
Exchequer, where
eeetlede 4,71:1,vng at Westminster the Lord Mayor pro-
eereiry t° the Court of
eurziAly of swearing in
led
afterwards proceeded
for %IT taron. His Lordship
was gone through before the
lot tot ,-;_our% of•
Chancery to invite the Lord Chancel-
the
oe banquet at Guildhall this evening, and to
same purpose.
,rteveral other Courts for th
crowd hanks of the river and tdlemuvnarsiowuserberfiidrgeeds
frowerem
the used
with spectators, and guns
exposed situations.
Tharieus wharfs and other
Lor,e Present is we believe, tliefirst occsaisdieonofotfhae
river' Illayor taking . Water on the Surrey .
at diStriet.
rtarttFIIIICLISit I:11113g originated
erda titfhyrohuisgha
numerousdesire tenantry ou
the
i, Ptii
toe ol.ooicAL SOCIETY
.—The
at
Monday evening Ell.
t_
ti,, rooter session was held on
Hall, Dr. , io
.—The first meeting for
104,bnis of the Society in Exeter
sejited',4l'.B., President, in the
heads of the two in-
riivid to the meeting casts of the
chair. Mr. Wood plre-
sites aall who were executed at th.e lastSpirihneghekasd-
of ... at. ho
for the murder. of their wives.
bbnit these, age ' was not so
‘l° slf th d6O displayed a great deal of in-
ratios Y and secretiveness, and the crime
tit,4' rernarkable for atrocity
been laid across
thtodoncealment, the head having
to
lead to the
as it. was for premedita-
loWafter it been struck,. so
ti that his unfortunate victaismhandavkinilgleidefhtehri:
siife°Y falling upon the fire. This person,
kid' had kept a beer-house of a very loTwhedeostchreiprteioanst,
Ns cohabited with another female. alOO !httt of Robert Knoll, a man 30 30 years ofcoahgae.,
had been
hititilor the murder of his wife,
r0,,t4 Pith another person.
display
ork,i„ several previous injuries, andof
very'
T‘hveuskull exheidbitthede
offspring
laCs of attachment and love
by the repent.-
<7 developed. This was exhibited
some phreno
'NI of the unhappy man, who surrendered himself di.:
, Yafterthe act. Mr. Booth explained
rt;eal,: developmenti in the
*
last, at
holds
til w.as 'left for execution
murderon
nof her husband...,. us ai Flintshire, for the
unsfaotruturdnaayte female
which were en.nsi
l'esh,„l3 ease the organs of cunningd,
dereere very largely de.velsopoe and acquisitive-
red
th_ferralite.Laufficient motives
taccountwhilst ageo
ff for
her th
he
ucsrhiaaminned.,
Ito, fseription, being that of a
'4l
dew '°' The next case was ofecaasleti,ll2m2o3r,eaprs
of
the utmost
old, t°r the murder of an illegitimate child 10 months
dek.r: who% sh had always displayed
but
sen—te-necelinaterl:ll affection. In this female,
.who was
for
hose semen t° death at the last
tCohtersatenrspAorstsaiztieosu,
life the ee Was commuted
largely vel °re of children, which were and the Predominant organs
ewl.eerreybenevolence
oped_ .
November.
de-
meeting .•?-li interesting conversation ensued, and the
Pol'Alrned till the 21st of -NO
11°041 OLLISIONS AT SEA.—
-
f tn Hamburgh, ar
ri, rci (I,l,ltr,the Caledonia steamer, ro
vessel called the
SEA.—On Sunday after-
Los;','.xravesend, having in tow a
la't ‘-•:' uel"ging to St. Petersburgh,
%4 :Lith disabled, and: no person on
about the
drifting
qerTatuer's homeward passage,
board,which hadlvbi
while
oe been
with the
the el Ocean. The supposition entertained by
ve4eialedonia's crew upon coming 11_
war 1„ was that she had been in collision,u
for her bul-
-1 ilijow,e stove in, and altogether she. washseriously
beep --,1 Ip°
a as bout the hull and rigging.
Perim ertained that such was really thecase.dulrtilinagpt;
ioierl'n the night of the 30th of last month,,
en miles off
the ' glile from the S.W., about seven to 1;51'8,1. tof Orfordriess, and the other vessel
to Mar-
the
brig Revanche, belonging proved
for the
Bollesw , -.-ne crew, expecting the vesSelwould go
shor-' JastiPed into the long-boat, and made.
whey anY they
e'
"hieh the succeeded in reaching inels,affreot3tn,.
hick ti, shortlylost sightf the
Lotii :my believedshe sunk. The value o
r of the vessel,
had
Accounts
haveZ la reported to be at least 1,600/.
son, Caen received of the total loss of thenbdaerek,
!s said Plain Caithmer, belonging to
i ht of the
Into lo nave resulted in consequencepofunlier coming
which
into
lision with another vessel on the
Whil,,, of October, near the east coast ofgGothland,
Dundee.
iler'erOese' her, voyage from
.Li.ve.rpool to , _ . ,-.. ,_
Inet • eonSisted oft welve individuals,
two sea-
en., am Watery grave, namely,
h reselves by the
of whom nv e
bin: and
atwo -boys. The rest savedt
I'l eolrat. the mate,
dread-
the d lait'n occurred Ina occasioned by
latshte, tcheha4ntlnieilne,s; instant, a 1
Zrhness of the night. It took placab_o_uet.oennlevena
sehea°e near the Sit(-rries, between the ldt t
_,
another
isehonner, from Tralee to Liverpool, an
aTiderite, that the. present ter'
aasne at unknown.
save
thent!here was formerscarcelytime Such was its
fathoms
commencedforthe filling rapidly,
rtaopidly,
l';aters•.eivess,be,for_e she -went down in sixteen
day
On the same
(,',llother
,_".„..e Is insured for 8001.
run down at
`Be eilb."wcalen named the Hope, was
a
, bri 'Lan,ee of North Shields harbour by the Udnriivoenn,
in bartlle-v,,_ging;to that port. The latter was
it .
`4e-aeribed uourulidefs stress of weather, anddhere isis
ar°ltaltees.chixtetc'elolfav4.ee been entirelyaccidental.
weather
r mpg rats
AN I
fOll ',I,It(IVEIN r. •
.--
iif t lie
We extract the
mode-
ell - N.,IIAMBER-LIGIITd
elvh,ahiber•li L 111
of and economicalt
Chemistry," to
Crolleh exe-e-tetntlifronlqa"aen
“iAmnpnroavlse
his invention.—oz.
,tnrbriesporident Periodical it was communicated by i
wintor •
`- - who thus descri es
size • a cotn .- .. • ointment pot, a tw°
Th. 'lithe
.. Mon cylLndrteal ot
All" is All
usually have it
trim with ed with 'any kind of fat. I
.n.
This is
tri, l-1, in the summer a .smaller .one.
'Ned 1., "" Waste 'fat from 'the kitchen.
wax
/sick soid"Y about half an inch of the. common into a thinat the tallow-chandler's, beingsimplylosinh I
Halt
place
slice of a wine-bottle cork, upon .
pike „, •
this is about
l' the .. strip of stout filteringer ;
and a dia-
nieter diameter of the cork in breadth, brona a,114 a half i length. It need not be quit,esoe
--", no% • n
the
~ it must be at least the length
.it feeds
the • 'or using the bibulous paper is, that
anee it •-. perky; without it, or some such contriv-
te 5',,,..wi1l not burn. I remove with the handle_ of, ae
4 littr"
,11 sufficient of the fat to allow the cork to 0
Delo th Inoved
~, w e surface, and then place the fat so r.e-
to soliover the cork and paper, neatly spreading it,
prepared.
1 1 thirir an even surface. The light is now
ce
enee of t
ni ". the Pla.n might be improved, for the onv -
aper, hose who are not early risers, by
.having an
war lure at the bottom of the pit, And 1 it in
I tlelehl:Whielk would rise to the. level whPenaetihnegfat is
,si
keex.tinslgiiiishbeed
ewohnesnumtehe
If 170t1 and extinguish the wick when it exhausted.
eorki.
d, and occasion an
1 u'oa
smell. fat is burnedis up,
nthne.
Swatq ~--nLaa Tatex On Friday
-nar-vrpast Bev '• I kan, attired as ter-
a w a
or
idnat4)went intoenthe e eheo ' aNmo. 68, evening, about a
Kirkgate, suck ce
tered eleven
sfa,rr3th• change f°' t, -,„ Yards the shop
striped calico, for shirts, oees.
..ak-t- ''' 0. 2, puke-street, together with the ne
.I.v
left the
,a sovereign, and he would then p._..
• the purchaser immediately
thOp and '
the ' shortly afterwards met the boy carrying
th
he accompanied
( tneda and change, and told him he was to take
11'474'0 s 2, Off-Street, to which place
the
bey- • As soon. as they entered the house he asked the
is. for the 12s. 8c1•, which he tendered, being
e'i"enee i the Price• of the calico and the sovereign,
W-en thenvillain suddenly bolted out of the door,,s
leaving the Youth in utter amazement at the rogue's
Inaneauvre,
and the probnabeiiviVtyasiasn unknown lodger at the house,
4e14. 4Vercury, - that he has left the town.—
, in' I"ed
Pige
on was shot the other day at Rozelle,
he tnaw of which were found 117 beans, one acorn,
and-0 1)144 of • stsui..7-
Glaigow ColtilititOnei.
i .

-COVENT-GARDEN THEATRE.
The Tempest was revived at this theatre last even-
ing, and with complete success. Vandenhoff was the
Prospero, and his fine deep tones, correct declamation,
and subdued, yet commanding, action, told excellently
in the part. His Prospero is certainly, as a whole, supe-
rior to Macready's. Without those sudden bursts of pas-
sion which Macready at certain times threw into the
part,the Prospero of Vandenhoffis, as a whole, in better
keeping ; it, throughout, exhibits the calmness of con-
scious power. Miss Vandenhoff was the Miranda,
and a very exquisite Miranda she made. This character
is one of the most beautiful of the Shalisperian crea-
tions, but its beauty is the beauty of rep.-lese ; it makes
no great demands upon the physical powers, although
it requires a cultivated intellect, chastened by a pure
taste, to develop fully the requisite refinement of its
modest and maiden-like simplicity. It was evident
that Miss Vandenhoff had studied her author care-
fully, and thoroughly understood his meaning. The
character is completely within the compass of her
powers, and consequently she performed it beautifully,
for whenever she does fail, which she sometimes has
done in other characters, it has always been from
deficiency of physical, never from want of mental,
power. We could have wished her a better Ferdinand
than C. Pitt. The dainty Ariel found a dainty re-
presentative in Miss Rainforth, who acted and sung
delightfully. She was deservedly encored in " Where
the bee sips," which she sang with great taste and
beauty and correctness. It was the most beautiful
little bit of melody that we have heard for many a
long day. The Calahan of J. Bland, although certainly
not equal to that of G. Bennett, was a very creditable
performance ; and the Trinculo of Harley, and the
Stephano of Bartley, have lost none of their laughter-
moving qualities. • The raise en scene of the piece
surpasses anything of the sort that has been produced
at this theatre for years, and throws even the
glories of the Midsummer Night's Dream into
the shade. Macready's revival of the same piece at
this theatre some four years since, is not to be
compared to the revival of last evening, in point of
splendour and scenic decorations. It will be remem-
bered by old players; that under Macready's manage-
ment the first scene was omitted, and a dioramic view
of a shipwreck substituted. Last night, however,
the text of Shakspeare was rigidly adhered to, and
the first scene was.preserved, " The sea, with a ship."
Such are the directions given by Shakespeare himself
as to the locus in quo of his first :scene ; and, accord-
ingly, last night, we had " the sea with a ship;" and
such a ship—a completely rigged frigate, with the
dramatis personce walking her deck, appeared tossed
about by the fury of the tempest, and was dismasted
by the storm. Never have we seen anything on the
stage in the way of machinery approaching to the
frigate. The audience were in ecstacies of delight at
this splendid scenic triumph, - and testified their
approbation by repeated bursts of applause.
The scenery of the island, too, was beau-
tiful and diversified, and the last scene, in which the
cavern of Prospero vanishes, and the sea appears calm
and beautiful, with the gallant frigate of the King of
Naples at anchor, was a fine piece of effect.
At the fall of the curtain, Miss Rainforth
was called for, and led on by Cooper, who announced
the piece for repetition every Wednesday and Friday,
until further notice, amidst shouts of applause. This
revival of the Tempest is a decided hit, and it will no
doubt draw crowded houses. The house last night
was exceedingly well filled before the rising of the
curtain, and long before half-price commenced it was
crowded.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
BETTING AT MANCHESTER—TUESDAY.
DERBY.-8 to 1 agst A British Yeoman, 20 to 1 agst
Murat, 23 to 1 agst Winesour, 27 to 1 agst Philip, 27 to
1 agst Aristides, 35 to 1 agst Amorino, 40 to 1 agst
Cotherstone, 40 to 1 agst Napier (t), 40 to 1 agst Lan-
guish colt, 50 to agst Dumpling, 50 to 1 agst Clara colt
(4,000 to 70 t), 50 to 1 agst Black Drop.
OAKS.-8 to 1 agst Maria Day, 10 to 1 agst Wee Pet,
14 to 1 agst Testy, 20 to 1 agst Sister to Coronation, 25
to 1 agst Sister to Satirist.
INTELLIGENCE EXTRA.—EGHAM, 1813.
The Magna Charm Stakes of 50 sovs. each, h ft, for
501. ; Sir G. Heathcote's Sirikol, Mr. G. Ongley's
The Queen of the Gipsies, Col. Wyndham's Murton
Lordship.

COURSING.
ALTCAIt MEETING, Nov. 3 AND 4.—The Cup (16
dogs) was won by Mr. Kershaw's Kelpie. Mr. Ridg-
way's Redgauntlet ran up and received the sovereigns.
The Sefton Stakes were won by Mr. Swan's Stork,
beating, in the deciding course, Mr. Unworth's Un-
known. The Croxteth Stakes were won by Mr. Clowes's
Cinderella. The West Derby Stakes were won by Mr.
11. Hornby's Hawick. The Ditchin Stakes, by Mr.
Kershaw's Kelmia. The .Altear Hall Stakes, by Mr.
Swan's Satirist. The Achers Holt Stakes, by Mr.
Clowes's Cinderella. The Mile House Stakes, by Mr.
Keppel ; and the Consolation Stakes, by Mr.
Kershaw's Kidnapper.
CLYDESDALE CLUB, Nov. 4 AND s.—The Puppy Cup
was won by Mr. L. Ewing's Ida, beating Mr. A. Graham's
Long-long-ago. The Cadzow Puppy Stakes, by Mr. A.
Graham's Sir Edward. The Champion Collar, by SirW.
A. Maxwell's Music. The East Kilbride Stakes, by Mr.
1,. Ewing's Lacerta. The Hamilton Stakes, by Mr. L.
Ewing's Lively. The. Clyde Stakes, by Sir W. A. Max-
well's The Maid of Honour ; and the Dychmont Stakes,
by Mr. L. Ewing's Earl.

There is no foundation for the report that Mr.
David Pollock is to be appointed one of the Com-
missioners of the Insolvent Debtors' Court, in the
room of the late Mr. Commissioner Bowen. In fact,
a very general opinion prevails in Westminster Hall
that it is not intended to fill up the vacant office.
It is also considered doubtful whether the judgeship of
the Court of Review, vacant by the death of Sir John

Cross, will be filled up.
RALEIGH AND CO.'S BANKRUPTCY.-All adjourned
meeting of the creditors of this firm was held at the
Bankruptcy Commissioners' Rooms yesterday, for
the purpose of taking into consideration the claim of
the Bank of Manchester to prove its debts on the
estate; which claim was resisted on the ground that
after the,issue of the fiat, in which the registered
officer of the bank was the petitioning creditor, the
bank received different sums from the bankrupts ;
which, it was contended, vitiated its claim. After a
very long examination of witnesses, the meeting was
adjourned to Friday next, at two o'clock. The claim
of the bank_ upon the estate is about 170,0001.

Manchester G ua
An unusually large number of motions for new
trials have been made in the Court of Queen's Bench
during the first four days of the present term, the
greater part of which have been from the Home Cir-
cuit,-at thelast ASsizes; presided over by Lord Abinger:
In almost every instance a rule' nisi has been' obtained.
DEATH OF MRS. LONGMAN.We regret to an-
nounce the decease of Mrs. Longman, widow of the
late Thomas Norton Longman, Esq., on Saturday,
Nov. 5, at her residence, Mount-grove, Hampstead.
FIRE AND DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY ON THE
LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY.—OH Tuesday
night, about twelve, as the luggage train of the
London and Birmingham Railway was proceeding
towards London, it was discovered, on arriving at
Kilburn, that some of the trucks which were heavily
laden were in a blaze. With the assistance of some of
the Company's servants and a number of the Metro-
politan police, the said carriages were speedily un-
loaded, and the engine, being detached from the train,
went on to Eustom square ; it speedily returned , with
a supply of water, and after the lapse of a short
period the flames were entirely subdued, but not before
a considerable deal of property had been destred.
AYRSIIIRE.—COLLIERS' STRIKE—RIOTS.—We re-
gret to state that several disturbances have taken place
in the neighbourhood of the coal-pits in this quarter,
caused by the turn-outs' annoying, intimidating, and,
in some instances, abusing the new men at Whitletts,
and other pits. On Friday evening last, about eight
o'clock, a large party congregated, and made an
attempt to carry away some coals from a bing at the
Antelope-pit, but were confronted by the watchman
stationed for its protection, who took one of the party
prisoner ; but, the others having come to the rescue,
he was obliged to surrender his prize, and it was not
until he had threatened several times to fire on the
assailants, that they made off. The mob then pur-
sued their way to Whitletts, at which place the
manager of the coal-works resides, and demolished his
windows with stones. Several of the inmates, we
learn, were slightly hurt with missiles thrown through
the windows. The houses of two men who had
lately joined the works were treated in a similar man-
ner, the doors broken up, and a promise extorted,
by threats, from the inmates that they should discon-
tinue working. The houses of other workmen, as
also the wright's shop in the vicinity, were somewhat
roughly handled, and the inhabitants threatened if
they did not suspend labour. The rioters afterwards
made their way into Wallacetown, where they attacked
several houses, and forced promises from their inmates
that they should no longer remain in Mr. Gor-
don's employment. The same afternoon two men
that had lately come to reside in Whitletts were at-
tacked on the highway, while returning from their
work, by an incensed mob, who threw stones at them
and seriously abused their persons, holding out the
most determined threats of vengeance should they con-
tinue longer at work. The consequence of these out-
rages has been a cessation of labour about most of the
pits in the vicinity of Ayr—the men preferring to give
up their employment rather than risk their lives.
Several of the most active have been taken into cus-
tody. We regret to state that similar demonstrations
have been made in other quarters where the colliers
still continue to stand out, more particularly at
Stevenston, where special constables have been sworn
in, to protect those who are willing to remain at their
labour. Petty thefts are also becoming numerous in
the various localities in which the strike continues.
For the ' protection of property, watchmen have
been stationed in several places, armed with guns
A detachment of about forty of ie Carrick troop of
yeomany are to assemble here, and will remain for
some time, in order to prevent any further outbreak
from taking place.--Ayr Advertiser,

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, Nov. 2.—The Minister of Finance has
made to the Committees of States some interesting
communications relative to the finances of the coun-
try. The following is an extract from the pro nienzoria
on this subject :
" The annual estimates relative' to revenue and ex-
penditure, which, according to the existing regula-
tion, are to be published every three years, are made
up from the special estimates of the several depart-
ments. These special estimates, of which annually about
the third part, and each time for a period of three years,
is made up afresh, are mainly based upon average cal-
culations of the results of the several administrations
during the three years preceding the former term, so
that the main estimates of every year are based upon
the result of a six years' experience
" The estimates prepared upon this plinciple of the
current revenue and expenditure for the year 1841,
show a surplus of $2,136,000 (356,0001.). Of these,
$1,000,000 will be required to cover deficiencies in
the revenue, and some extraordinary expenses, and
$350,000 for gifts of various kinds made by the
Crown. In the last named item are included the
sums constantly given by the King towards the erec-
tion of schools and churches. There will then remain,
fir the year .1841, a real surplus of only $786,000 to
augment the reserved fund of the State.
" For the year 1842, the returns show a surplus of
$3,097,000, which, after allowing for similar deduc-
tions, will leave a net surplus of $1,747,000 for the
augmentation of the reserved fund.
The material increase, as compared with the net
surplus of 1841, is owing to the circumstance that
the latter is. based on the administrative results of the
six years 1835-1840, of which the first, in conse-
quence of the Customs' League having just before
come into force, experienced an important decrease in
the revenue derived from the customs—a decrease
which operates unfavourably upon the average
culation.
" For the year 1843 the estimates have not yet
been made up, but it may already be assumed, that,
partly by the operation of the sinking fund, and partly
in consequence of the reduction lately effected in the
interest on the public debt, there will be a reduction
of $1,200,000 in the expenditure for 1843. Add this
amount to the estimated surplus of 1842, and there
will be a net surplus of $2,947,000 to be anticipated
for the year 1843, which, even after the proposed re-
duction of taxes to the extent of $2,000,000, will
still leave a net surplus of $900,000. It is true that
several extraordinary expenses will be required in
1843, and, as has already been intimated to the States,
the produce of the lottery will-probably show a dimi-
nution of $60,000., These contingencies, however, it
may reasonably' be anticipated, will be compensated
by an increased consumption consequent on the said
reduction of taxes, in which case a net surplus of
$900,000 will still remain for the year 1843."
At the sitting of the Committees of States on the
27th ult., the attention of the members was directed
to the consideration, of the question, whether the State
should guarantee the interest on the capital to be ex-
pended in the construction of the contemplated system
of railroads.
The question submitted to the assembly was—
" Whether they deemed it necessary and expedient
that the State should endeavour to bring about the
construction of the system of railroads, already ad-
mitted to be necessary, by guaranteeing the interest
on the capital to be expended ?"
Several members urged that all the advantages an-
ticipated could be realised only in case the State would
itself undertake the construction. A motion to that
effect, however, the Minister of Finance, who pre-
sided, would not allow to be put, declaring—
" That the Government had come to a determination
for the present not construct railroads at the cost of the
State, and that the King had not authorised him to
consult the States on the subject."
On the other hand, the Minister made no objection
to put the question—
" Whether it was the wish of the Assembly that
the opinion referred to should be entered on the mi-
nutes, in order that in that way the views of the
members might be brought under the notice of his
Majesty."
There were not wanting many members who de-
clared themselves altogether against the construction
of railroads by the State, as likely to encumber the
State with a large additional debt; whereas, by throw-
ing open the works to public competition, a large
amount of foreign capital would be drawn into the
country. It was quite as easy to obtain security for
the execution of the works from private companies, as
from the State, since the Government, in guaranteeing
the interest on the capital, would be in a position to
insist on the necessary guarantee from the Companies.
The same argument would apply to the personal se-
curity of the travellers.
The Minister was again urged to allow the question
on this point to be put in a more distinct manner, but
to this he refused his assent..
Some members were opposed to the guarantee of
interest, connected as it was with a prospective aug-
mentation on the price of salt. Others urged the po-
licy of limiting the guarantee to a stated number of
years. The Minister said that this point would be
more suitably discussed at a subsequent stage ; at the
same time he gave .it to be understood that the Go-
vernment were in favour of a permanent guarantee.
Some declared themselves hostile to the very prin-
ciple of a State guarantee of the interest, inasmuch as
it was not to be anticipated that the railroads would
ever pay a profit; that, therefore, the State would be
burdened with a permanent increase of expenditure,
that would absorb every surplus of revenue, and even-
tually compel the Government to cancel the reduction
about to be made on the price of salt. It was con-
tended also that the guarantee of the interest would
be, to all intents and purposes, an augmentation of
the national debt, a measure which, according to the
law of the 17th of January, 1820, was not to be
adopted without the express sanction of the States.
Taking that view of the case, the present Assembly
could not be deemed competent to give its sanction to
a measure of such importance, which could, in fact,
obtain a legal character only by being submitted for
the approbation of the States.
These latter arguments were warmly combated by
the Minister, who endeavoured to draw a distinction
between a debtor and an individual who became se-
curity for a debtor. If this view, moreover, were
correct., it would apply to every permanent expendi-
ture that the State might take upon itself. Nor was
, the Assembly now called together to give a sanction
I to a measure, but rather to enlighten his Majesty as
to the wishei. and mints -01" the' -cciutitry' relatiVejto
matters in the regulation of which his Majesty was
liable to no control. The Ministe-r continued for
some time to express himself in this sense, and then
proceeded to show the inexpediency of undertaking
the construction of railroads, as 'a public work, and at
the expense of the State. At the conclusion of his
speech he put the question whether the meeting held
it necessary and expedient that the State should en-
deavour to secure the construction of the wished for
railroads, by offering to guarantee the interest on the
necessary capital ?
The division then took place, when the members
'rom the several provinces voted as follows :
Ayes. Noes.
Prusssia lO .... . 2
Brandenburg
Pomerania
Silesia
Posen
Saxony .. 10
Westphalia
The Rhine Province ll

Total B 3
The question was then 'put :—" Whether the As-
sembly wished to have the opinion entered on the
minutes, that they would have preferred to see these
railroads executed by the State itself, and whether
they would have voted for the adoption of such a
principle, if the Government had not declared its de-
termination not, for the present, to undertake any
such works on its own account ?"
On this question the result of the division was as
follows : Ayes. Noes
Prussia. .. . • 12 ..... 0
Brandenburg • •
Pomerania
Silesia

••• • 0

Posen
Saxony
Westphalia.. ...• . • •••
The Rhine

7
.... 4

Total.
The next question, to the consideration of which
the Assembly proceeded, was
" Whether it would be consistent with the wishes
of the country to undertake the said guarantee of the
interest on the capital, subject to the contingency of a
re-augmentation in the price of salt ?"
The Minister argued the necessity of providing for
the contingent emergency referred to, but declared
himself ready to modify the question in such a man-
ner, that there should be merely an augmentation of
taxes generally to the extent of the reduction now
contemplated, without specifying whether that aug-
mentation should be in the shape of a higher price
for salt.
The further discussion of this question had then to
be adjourned till the next sitting.

THE GRAVE-YARDS Or THE METROPOLIS.—A peti-
tion to the House of Commons is now in course of
signature among the householders and inhabitants of
the Strand and Drury-lane, praying for the closing of
the various burial-grounds in that vicinity. The
petitioners contend that the overcharged state of the
various grave-yards in the neighbourhood is destruc-
tive to the health of the inhabitants, and therefore
pray that Parliament will take such steps, at the ear-
liest possible period, as may lead to the abolition of
the present system of interment. The petition has
already received between 7,000 and 8,000 signatures,

THE LATE MR. HONE.
William Hone was the second of two brothers,
both of whom were children of a religious and vir-
tuous father. His mind, from its earliest years, was
always devoted to literary pursuits, and the ac
quisitions which he made in a class of reading, rather
out of the ordinary war, were exten,ive and erudite.
As it was related of Johnson by his pleasant bio-
grapher, that he said " he loved the old black-letter
books, because they were rich in matter, though their
style was inelegant," so Mr. Hone acknowledged
that it was this same order of reading which bad been
especially dear to him from accidental acquaintance
with it in childhood; and it was with this that he con-

tinued to have stolen intimacies during thirty years
anterior to that portion of his career, which brought
it more particularly into action.
Mr. Hone was born in 1780, and at the age of ten
years was placed in an attorney's office in the metro-
polis, and when very young imbibed many of the
principles disseminated by the London Corresponding
Society. His father becoming acquainted with this
circumstance removed him to the office of Mr. Jef-
feries, solicitor, at Chatham, in whose employ he re-
mained two years and a-half, when he returned to
London, and engaged himself as clerk to Mr. Eger-
ton, of Gray's Inn. He subsequently, however, from
some supposed distaste, quitted the law, and having in
July married, commenced business as a print and
bookseller, with a circulating library in Lambeth-
walk. He next removed to St. Martin's-churchyard,
near Charing-cross, where he had the misfortune to
have his house burned, and sustained a very con-
siderable loss. He next enrolled himself in the
Prince of Wales's volunteer corps, and suffered
various vicissitudes both in and out of business.
Mr. Hone made his first literary essay as a
satirist. Perhaps no composition of the same class
ever went through a greater number of editions than
his " Political House that Jack Built," and in illus-
trating which, the inimitable powers of Cruikshank
were first developed. Shortly after he edited the
pamphlet known as the " Spirit of Despotism," and
thereby resuscitated powerful pieces of writing, which
a few years before, had biassed in no ordinary man-
ner, the minds and principles of the public.
Mr. Hone subsequently became a bankrupt, but
again started in May's-buildings, St. Martin s-lane,
from whence he removed to High-street, Bloomsbury,
where, whilst Mrs. Hone attended to the shop, he
acted as assistant to Mr. Saunders, the book auc-
tioneer. In 1811 he commenced for himself, and
held his first trade sale as a book auctioneer, having a
counting-house in Ivy-lane. But here again the
strong desire he always manifested to rectify abuses
led him to investigate the complaints which had been
made respecting lunatic asylums, and for this purpose
he cordially co-operated with •Mr. E. Wakefield and
James Bevan, of the Society of Friends—and one re-
sult among many was the release of an unfortunate
man of the name of Norris, who for nine years had
been chained to an upright • iron bar in one of the
cells of Bethlem Hospital. Involved in embarrass-
ments, a second failure was the consequence—
his family having in the interval increased
to seven children, who were taken to a humble
lodging in the Old Bailey, where the father struggled
hard to maintain them by his contributions to the
Critical Review and the British Lady's Magazine.
He next occupied a small shop in Fleet-street, as a
bookseller, which on two different nights was plun-
dered of the Most valuable works, many of which
had been borrowed for the purpose of displaying
stock. This greatly disheartened him, but about 1815
he became publisher of the Traveller newspaper, and
the case of Eliza Fenning coming under his notice,
he exerted his usual indefatigable zeal to rescue her
from death. In 1816 he commenced a weekly paper
called the Reformist's Register, in which he very ably
combated the doctrines promulgated by Mr. Owen.
In considering, however, the life of Mr. Hone, that
portion, which of course attaches the attention most,
is that which relates to the period when, on charges of
libel and blasphemy, he was summoned before the ju-
dicature of his country to answer the allegations
brought against him. To these we at once proceed.
The first trial of Mr. Hone came on before Mr.
Justice Abbot and a special jury on the 18th of De-
cember, 1817. The information filed against him was
for printing and publishing a seditious and profane
libel on those parts of the Church Service called the
Catechism, the Apostles' Creed, and the Lord's ? Mr.river,
to which the defendant pleaded "Not Guilty.
Hone, acting as his own connsel, addressed himself to
t h the i
managementn t
he
artof
o speaking,
p e hisa k
nwg,
thecase.nimpression he made
Though unprac-
tisedwas considerable. Touching upon his arrest, he com-
plained against Lord Ellenborough for excess of rigour.
the hasty manner of his apprehension by his
Lordship's order he strongly dilated on. Labouring
at the time under severe indisposition from a nervous
complaint, he was hurried from a qunging house to
Westminster-hall, to plead to informations of the na-
ture of which he was wholly ignorant. Placed on
the floor of the Court, hardly able to stand or see from
indisposition, he respectfully craved the indulgence of
the Lord Chief Justice to be allowed to sit whilst
three long informations were read. Never, said hone,
should he forget the answer which the Noble Lord
gave to this application from a forlorn and oppressed
fellow-creature, literally sinking from
pain and the
sufferings of humanity. The venerable Judge, said
he, in relating this circumstance, with that com-
placency, mildness, and forbearance, which was so
r
peculiar to him, uttered the monosyllable "No
and that "No" was delivered with an emphasis which
might have been heard at the other end of Westmin-
ster-hall. This treatment, said Hone, produced a
different effect upon him from that which his Lord-
ship calculated. It operated on him like a glass of
cold water thrown on the face of a fainting man. It
roused him to a sense of independence.
somed Mofr.thileopnaep,
he was the victim of a grinding persecution, which,
though it had broken him down, had not yet crushed
him.
He had
dbeefeenncec,albl3e,d,sai He saw that
who had been dragged from obscurity and poverty by
the sale of blasphemous publications. He would not
tionnpapers,
,coanuti,rneutcah-
call the authors by that appellation by which he had
been branded, but he challenged the whole world to
point out an instance in which he had been guilty of
a single act derogatory to a moral and honest man.
High authorities had raised an outcry against him—
a sort of war- whoop—for the purpose of dragging
him, a miserable and defencelesss man, through the
gauntlets of popular clamour, as an execrable enemy
to society. He scorned the ambition of becoming
popular man, es'enif he had the abiliV to attain such
a distinetion-z-but he did lay craiin to the character
of an honest and independent man.
He then came to the charge of publishing parodies.
His defence was that there were two kinds of paro-
dies ; one in which a man might convey ludicrous or
ridiculous ideas relative to some other subject; the
other where it was meant to ridicule the thing paro-
died. The latter, he asserted, was not the case in
that which he employed, and therefore he had not
brotight religion into contempt. After these obser-
vations, he proceeded to show that the parody brought
in accusation against him was in itself innocent, and
void of wrong tendency. The Blackwood of the
preceding October had a parody on Ezekiel, just
of the character of his, but it was written by respect-
able men. Judge Abbot, in drawing up, stated his
conviction that the prisoner had irreligiously scanda-
lised and libelled the Church. The Jury withdrew,
but in a quarter of an hour returned, with a firm
voice, "Not Guilty." Loud acclamations instantly
filled the Court.
The second trial of Mr. Hone came on, upon the
19th of the same month, befoie Lord Ellenborough.
The scenes between his Lordship and the accused
were on this occasion most remarkable. Lord Ellen-
borough appeared sitting on thorns, and wound up to
the utmost pitch of irritation throughout the trial.
In one portion the colloquy. was Warm and violent.
Mr. Hone contended that intention and tendency
were very different considerations. " I call upon
your Lordship to say," said he, " whether I can be
guilty of a libel, unless there is a manifest intention
on my part to commit the offence charged by the
information ?"
Lord Ellenborough—As you call upon me to give
my opinion, I say, if the publication has a tendency
to produce that effect on the minds of the persons
who read it, it is in law and in fact a libel. I should
not have interrupted you, but you called for my
direction.
Mr. Hone—That, Gentleman of the Jury, is his
Lordship's (!) opinion.
Lord Ellenborough—lt is not only my opinion,
but that of all lawyers and all Judges who ever sat
upon the Bench. Every man must be answerable for '
the tendency of his acts. He cannot put his private
intention in opposition to his act, if it has a tendency
to inflame the public mind, and produce mischief.
There is no Judge and no lawyer who will controvert
this proposition.
Mr. Hone said that this WM not his argument: The
Attorney-General had said that his Lordship would,
if he thought fit, give his opinion to the Jury. This
his Lordship was certainly empowered to do, under
Mr. Fox's Bill.
Lord Ellenborough—The Judge wanted no power
so to do, before Mr. Fox's Bill. It was his sworn
duty to do so before Mr. Foxs Bill, or even himself,
existed.
Mr. Hone submitted that Mr. Fox's Bill must be
considered as having passed unnecessarily, and was, in
fact, surplusage, although the wisdom of the Legis-
lature had thought it necessary to introduce an ex-
press clause into the Bill empowering the Judge to
give his opinion. " But," said Mr. one, in a loud
and triumphant voice, 4, this is but his Lordship's
opinion."
This exclamation produced a shout of applause from
the auditory, who clapped their hands and huzzaed
repeatedly.
' In an authoritative tone, Lord Ellenborough called
upon the Sheriffs to do their duty, and seize the per-
_ sons who had disturbed the Good.

Proceedings were stopped for some minutes, when
the Sheriffs' officers were asked if they had secured
the offenders. One answered that they could not see
any of the persons who had disturbed the Court.
Lord Ellenborough rose—Open your eyes--stretch
forth your arm, and seize the offenders. I see a great
many persons before me, but I cannot distinguish the
offenders.

The trial proceeded. Mr. Hone, in his defence,
adduced a greater crowd of authorities who were
stated by him to have parodied sacred subjects in the
same manner as himself.

The Jury, it is well known, brought in their una-
nimous verdict of " Not Guilty," and the sensation
produced by the effect of this partial trial cannot
be described. To enter into review of the third trial
of Mr. Hone for the publication of the " Sinecurists
Creed, . which was alleged to be a parody on the
Creed of Saint Athanasius, would, perhaps, be te-
dious, as the tenor of his defence, and the result in his
acquittal, were the same as in the two foregoing trials.
Perhaps the most- cruel casualty that befel Mr.
Hone was the disrepute and subsequent voluntary
banishment from this country of his brother, occa-
sioned by his authorship of the publications for which
he was tried. Mr. Hone, the brother, was a barrister
of ten years' standing, who pursued his profession at
first on the Midland Circuit, and more lately in the
Court of Chancery. For several years he obtained by
this means such an income as was sufficient for the
support of his family in comfort and independence.
As soon, however, as the relation between him and
the subject of this memoir was known, an unjust pre-
judice was transferred to the innocent brother of the
publisher : it was taken for granted that the two held
the same religious and political opinions, till Mr.
Hone was gradually deserted by his, clients, and found
himself deprived of his whole professional income.
In the hope of diverting this prejudice against his
character, he applied to the Lord Chancellor, the
Master of the Rolls, the Vice-Chancellor, and
the twelve Judges, to subscribe to a book on
Conveyancing, which they did, obtaining also similar
permission from the gentlemen within the bar in the
Court of Chancery, and the leaders of his own Cir-
cuit. Distress and poverty, however, prevented the
completion of this design. His wife and children
were frequently without the necessaries of life, and
finally a number of gentlemen at the bar subscribed
together to enable Mr. Hone to emigrate to one of the
colonies.
Mr. Hone's publication of " The Apocryphal New
Testament," from which the ecclesiastical followers of
former times drew most largely for their sacred inter-
ludes and plays, was made by him, as a matter of
mere curiosity, for the information of curious and in-
quisitive dispositions. By part of the Press, however,
it was construed into a cause of attack, and the fierce-
ness of the Quarterly Review in this respect, in Octo-
ber, 1821, roused him to answer the assailant, in
which he resented the flagitious frauds of the Reve-
rend Reviewer. • . _

In 1823, Mr. Hone published his description of the 1
" Ancient Mysteries," such as chiefly found in the old
English Miracle Plays, and printed at his own house,
45, Ludgate-hill.
In 1830, Mr. Hone produced his " Annals of the
Revolutions in France," which was compiled chiefly,
from the journals and part correspondence, and pos-
sesses some interesting documents.
Among other literary works by Mr. Hone, was the
" Spirit of Despotism," dedicated to Lord Castlereagh,
edited by Mr. Hone, and republished in 1821. His
" Slap at Slop (Dr. Stoddart) and the Bridge-street
Gang," was published in the same year. In 1824 he
responded to the Quarterly Review, in a pamphlet en-
titled " Aspersions answered," which was followed
by " Another Article for the Quarterly," written in
the same year. The excellent and entertaining work
entitled "The Every-day Book, or Calendar of Popu-
lar Amusements," appeared in 1826-7, and attracted
greatly by its excellent manner. The " Table-book,"
a similar work, was also produced in 1827, in two
volumes ; these he finished while under arrest for debt
in the King's Bench, with his family of ten children
dependent on him. His " Year-book of Daily Recrea-
tions and Information" appeared in 1832. " Hone's
Poor Humphrey," a small almanac of a "peculiar cut,"
appeared in 1829. The last, however, was a mere
catchpenny of the hour.
The difficulties under which Mr. Hone laboured
once more aroused the energies of his friends, and by
their aid he was enabled to take the Grasshopper
coffee-house, in Gracechurch-street, but after a few
years this speculation also failed. At the starting of
the Penny Magazine, he wrote the first article, and
he likewise edited " Strutt's Sports," &c.
Mr. Hone, towards the close of his life, became
one of the editors of the Patriot newspaper, and con-
tinued in the situation till increasing infirmity caused
him to retire altogether from active life.
He has left, out of a family of twelve children,
nine still living, several of whom, with their widowed
mother, are almost wholly unprovided for.

THE BIG AND LITTLE RAT!
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUA.
SlR—Conning over the columns of your evening
edition of Friday, I saw an account of a scientific
meeting in France, at which was communicated the
extraordinary and highly interesting fact in natural
history,—that a rat had been found near the top of
one of the Alps ! many thousands of feet above the
sea ! only think, a rat on a high mountain ! Was it
on an exploratory journey, such as some men of science
have immortalised themselves by ? " Whence came
this little ambitious animal ?" I exclaimed. Surely it must
be some learned rat from our own island, that, tired of
political strife, determined, like nobler beings, to go
on its travels ; and, no doubt, managed, unperceived,
to secrete itself in the recesses of the steamer's hold,
taking the route of France, where it would meet with
many kindred rats. But what an ambitious imitator
of the great rat that was sometime since found on
that mountain, the Treasury bench, and whose daring
in placing himself there, has been a theme of admira-
tion ever since. Well ! some good lesson may gene-
rally be drawn from the smallest trifles one meets
with, so, leaving your readers to make the best of the
little ambitious rat, and of the great one too, though,
I fear they may find " bad is the best" of such a
tribe,—l remain, respectfully,
Nov. 5, 1842. RATCATCHER.

NAVAL INTELLItiENCE.
GIBRALTAR. OCT. 27.—The Owen Glendower
convict ship,)Mr. Bradshaw, master, arrived on the
22d instatt.i, in nine tlays,from Portsmouth, having on
board 200 convicts to beemployed on the fortifications
and in the Dockyard of the garrison; also some su-
pernumerary seamen for the Mediterranean squadron.
She has been stripped of her rigging, and moored off
the Dockyard, where she is to remain stationed.
Her Majesty's steam-vessel Prometheus arrived
from Malta on the 23d, with the mail for England,
and sailed again on the evening of the 24th with that
brought out by the Montrose packet. Her Majesty's
ship Rodney was to sail from Malta two days after
the Prometheus left, to relieve her Majesty's ship
Formidable, at Gibraltar, which latter ship is to pro-
ceed to Malta.
Considerable improvements are being made in the
fortificatiernit of this garrison. A large battery was
inaugurated on the 25th in the Salameda, by his Ex-
cellency the Governor, Sir F. Woodford, K.C.8., un-
der the name of Queen Victoria's Battery. The
whole of the troops of the garrison were drawn out
on the occasion, and a Royal salute was fired from the
saluting battery.
Ships at Gibraltar—The Formidable, 84 ; Savage,
10; and steam-vessel Lizard.