The Sun.
London, England, 1829-01-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP TIM LONDON JOURNALS.

(MOM 1.41 E TIMES.)

The official narrative of the Russian campaign,
which appeared exclusively in the Times of Satur-
day last, is not, as it seems to us, a document well
calculated for the object at which it aims. The
writer endeavours to persuade the world that the
Ulan of thestam4gn was successful in every quarter
but in the aerie llts before Silistria; and that Russia,
with the single exception of that one abandoned
siege, gained all the advantages which she had pro-
posed to herself at an expense of only 18,000 or
20,000 soldiers killed and irrecoverably wounded.
As for this loss of men, some light may be thrown
upon the real value of the Russian statements by a
comparison of the total casualties now admitted with
the details of them publiShed successively in the offi-
cial bulletins, from which, save only on the occasion of
storming Brailow, t here is nowhere acknowledged any
serious loss, so as altogether to form an aggregate of
half the amount confessed in the history by the Staff
Officer. When he calculates the whole Russian
army which undertook the invasion at 115,000
men, and the effective portion of it at 85,000,
founding on this representation of so limited a
force an apology for the ill-fortune which all Europe
has concurred in ascribing to it, is the Staff Officer
blind to the conclusion which most commentators
will be apt to make upon his words—viz. that Rus-
sia did in fact bring forward the most effective army
which she had it in her power to muster, and that
doing her best, she failed ? For nearly four years
the Imperial Government had been preparing for
the contingency—we ought to say the certainty—of
an invasion of Turkey. For at least that number
of years it has been collecting and disposing the
means of this deliberate attack : Russia was not
surprised into it, nor hurried. She keew, likewise,
that whatever opposition might spring up against
her, throughout Europe, it would he more likely to
mature.itielf in case of her operations being delayed
or checkesi„.end her plans disappointed, than tinder
.cirerimstanegk favourable to her arms. Not only
victory, but immediate victory was, therefore to
Russia an object of the very highest importance,
that Europe might not him time to stir, until the
overthrow of Turkey should be already timislied. If
Russia failed, therefore, through inadequacy of
means, the Staff Officer has raised the very question
which he wishes to set at rest—a question upon the
real adequacy of the power of Russia to accomplish
more than she did actually execute in the course
of the late campaign. Excuses founded on the na-
ture of the country, and the necessity of bringing
supplies from home, are quite ridiculous in treating
such a subject, because all the military world has
long known that a Commissariat iti Turkey can do
little or nothing; and if the Emperor Nicho!as un-
dertook the enterprise at all, he ought to have
.stored and supplied his army accordingly. The
*hole statement is a proof of great soreness on the
part of Ross:a, to the wound inflicted upon her
reputation for military power. It does not prove
her to be more formidable than she was held to be
before the Staff Officer took up his pen ; but, if any
thing, in our opinion rather less so. It is also a
proof, and this is the principal importance of the do-
cument, that Russia is not unwilling to listen to
terms of peace, though she is reluctant to make the
overture herself. Surely this is an opNetunity
which the mediating Powers should seize with a:;j7
dity to put an end to a contest whose consequences
may be more mischievous to the rest of Europe than
to either of the contending parties.
(FROli THE 31ORNING CHRONICLE)
_ _

The union of Protestants and Catholics in Ire-
land, or rather the coeseent to consider the conces-
sion to the Catholics a stat,onal cause in which Pro-
testants and Catholics are eqitagy interested, war-1
rants us its entertaining the most sanpzine hopes of a
speedy attainment of the object. 'the 'C'stholic in
this manner commands Protestant property anti Pro-
testant protection; and Protestant property is re-
stored to its natural influence over Catholic de-
pendents. We perceive no ground of apprehension
of disunion from separation of interests. The Pro-
testant in possession of property and the Cteholic
have precisely the same interest in Emancipation,
which, in proportion as it would improve the condi-
tion of the Catholic, would raise the value of Pro-
testant property. The class of Protestants without
property, who are the ehief opponents of the Catho-
lics, from the very natural desire to preserve the mo-
nopoly which they now possess of office, arts in a
different situation; but of those we make no Hee
count, for they will always be fierce, irreclaimable
enemies. But with respect to Protestants of pro-
perty, it is almost impossible that the union should
not constantly increase in strength, for those Pro-
testant Noblemen and- Gentlemen who hang back
must see that they thereby deprive themselves of
all the ad►antage obtained by those who have joined
the union. The means on which the Irish may al-
ways count with most confidence are such as should
embarrass the Government. The love of country
is a very convenient phrase for declamation. A Mi-
nister may occasionally possess the ambition of im-
proving his country, but it would be dangerous to
count on such an accidental love 1 but we may ale
ways count on his possessing in a very high degree
the love of himself, and his considering those mea-
sures the most desirable which most contribute to
his ease, and most ensure his permanency in offiee.
The Doke of Wellington has not hitherto attempted
to mystify the public about principles, the talent of
exposition not being the forte of his Grace, and he
has never concealed that the object of all measures
ought. to be the existence of the Administration,
and consequent y that all principles are equaVy
good which are subservient to that end, and equally
to be rejected the moment they are an ob-
stacle to it. Hence the best way to gain his
Grace is to make it his interest to favour the Ca-
tholics. We trust, therefore, that the .union of
Protestants and Catholics in Ireland will be
supported, in the House of Commons, by the
union of all upright and independent men in an un-
compromising opposition to the measures of Govern-
ment. The Duke of Wellington is not the man to
give himself any unnecessary trouble, by persisting
in a course a moment longer than it is the easiest.
When it is the interest of every man in the country
to have the queition settled—that is, when it is Ins
own interest—he will hasten the taettlement, but not
till then. It' the Irish allow him to stave off the
settlement, the proper time will never come for
settling it. Eut push hint hard, and lie will tie a
most reasonable man. He will be as ready to
oblige the Catholics as lie' was to oblige the Dise
centers, caring just as much for the one as for the'
other—that is, viewing both only with reference to
himself. We trust that the Opposition this yeur
will be of a character equal to the emergency.
Last year, his Grace contrived some way or other
to neutralize the leading men: His Glace is not
deficient in a certain cunning ; and if dining with
an opponent, or giving a living to his friend, or
holding nut a prospect of benefit in a quarter
likely to be hostile to him, would mollify oppo-
sition, lie would not scruple to have recourse to
such expedients. He is evidently not the man to
provoke opposition if he can mollify it by any means
within his reach. Ott the other baud, the Opposi-
tion last year, were more jealous of each other than
of the Administration. We never could understand
the policy of punishing. Mr. Haekisean and his
friends for their former political offences, by coolness
'towards them, when the hearty co-operation of till
was required. We trust in the approaching:Sessieu
all minor considerations will yield to the grand one,
of compelling the Ministry to the eourse dictated by
vii,dom and policy. There is no doubt an opposi-
tion to the claims of the Catholics in this .country
among the ill-formed part of the community, still
too large a portion in many places. It is diminish-
ng every flay, and would be no obstacle to any Ad-
ministration determined on carrying the question of
Emancipation. No opposition, which is of a mere
brute kind, which appeals only to the lowest pre-
judices, the most vulgar national antipathies, end
which can find no leaders of talent and respectabi-
Ji►y, can be of much consequence, There is not

one man in the country opposed to the claims of the I
Catholics of the least consequence in point of
talents or political reputation. The Duke of New-
castle, Lord Kenyon, and Lord Winchel►ea, and Sir
Thomas Lethbridge ! Pi-oh pudor—Mr. Peel is only
on the game side because he cannot find a convenient
excuse for abandoning it, and owes his consequence
to his being the only man of even second-rate talents
on that side. The uncultivated Englishman pos-
sesses iti a high degree that quality which Johnson
estimated ko highly, the being a good hater. He
hates the Irish, and hates the Catholics as much
because they are Irish as because they are Catholics.
This feeling is, however, confined to the ill-informed
and ill-educated. That religion has less to do with
the animosity than national causes may be inferred
from the circumstance, that from the beginning of
the connexion there has always been one cause of
hatred or another, and• from there being no enmity
to Catholics.in the Colonies.
(FROM THE MORNING HERALD.)
It is rumoured that a Russian Diplomatist is on
his way to this country from St. Petcrsburgh, com-
missioned to lay before the Courts of London and
the Tuileries the grounds upon which Nicholas is
willing to enter into pacific negotiations with the
Porte. This, if it be the case, augurs well. ri'ut
why negOtiations should be going on in different he-
mispheres at one and the same time we do not
exactly see the necessity of. Lord Heytesbury is
still with the Emperor, while Mr. Stratford Can-
ning is in or about the Mediterranean ; and, consi-
dering that the Porte has no accredited agent either
here or at the Court of France, it would seem that
the new Russian Envoy must be coming rather on.
a mission of inquiry than with any hope of entering
into negotiations, which cannot, of course be pro-
ceeded in, still less concluded, in the absence of
one of the two parties mainly to he affected by theta.
In the mean time, if another report is to be credited,
the Porte is likely to meet with a new Ally, from
the opposite side of the Atlantic. We should re-
joice to see the American Government telling the
Emperor Nicholas (and telling him in acts as well
as words), " You may be at war with the Porte if
you please ; but you shall not obstruct the highway
of nations, or prevent our carrying on our commerce
with a power with whom we are at peace."

death within the struggle as the great emotain or
the fray, to be appeased only by submission; or to
be confronted and embraced, us in the same moment.
Tue Battle of the Nile was mere than half won by
audacity aione. Whether this spirit of our sailors,
combining a courage with improvident habits, thtmt.
minds more encumbered with moral anti Altar:hid
sympathies perhaps never possessed,—has been im-
proved in the school of-the Bead Chapels, a short
time will perhaps practically disclose. The advan-
tages which will open new ways to the gallantry
of British tars, in the application of the powers
of Steant, will forum a good test of what so much
peace and praying have done for the navy,
A very good account of the Steam Gun has been
published ; and it is evidently capable of being
rendered one of the nioa destructive engines ever
yet employed in the wars of mankind. But the
vantage ground in combat would rest in a fearful
preponderance with the nation most competent to
fernish and to wield the power. And here Eng.-
land arid America stand on a proud pre-eminence
in the arts neeessary to give full effect to such a
modification in the means of wee. Frenee has no
comparative aptitude in the extensive range of me-
chanic science, as applied to laborious objects; she
excels in elaborate diminutiveness ; in the regions of
r fancy and frivolity, Ass Englishman recently re-
turned from a Feeneh manufactory, who had been
employed to instruct some French ypi4ne ip a par-
ticular art, found them as he represents, compara-
tively deficient in the powers of application. as corn!'
pared with English boys, except 'where the eapriee
of their own taste gave an impetus to their intellect
teal qualities, The men have the same untoward-
ness; and as a proof Qf the inappetency of the nn-
lion for new aria, in mere objepts pf utility,—in the
whole of the manufactories .established in Framilsr_
intended to supply articles formerly imported frOm
England, the artisans are nearly all English, In
Gasometers and Gas Piping,* England mostly fur-
nishes the whole of the Continent, where the use of
gas has been adopted, 4i.prj the instances are " few.
and far between." But in Nevi', in this country,
the use has become so common, on a eity4l Ipgle;
that every, body seems to understand it; and you.
may see Steam pleasure-boats, capable of only ac-
commodating half a dozen persons, plying on the
rivers, withont keil, regarded _as any novelty. In
he first year of a war, a new species of small craft,
worked by Steam, would swarm on t;;e t;;;Koki Of
any power with which we waged hostilities, and
commit the most unprecedented plunder. Hun-
drede of vessels would be employed in conveying
fuel ;done to the different stations where our
Steamers would have to take in a supply, and public
attention would be fully turned on the stn4y of ape
plying Steam to purposes of destruction; the work-
ing of vessels, &c.; and time and constant practice
might and would develop the tremendous extent to
which the principle is capable of being directed in
the quarrels of nations. We have before named the
more than possible contingency of England seizing
upon Egypt, in a beak-up or Tntkey; or taking
it as an equivalent for services rendered to that
State; and the then easy project of mincer,
mg the Red Sea with the Mediterranean for •
Steamers ; and reducing the voyage to India to a
Steam Packet Tour of about three weeks. We have
only tp open India to English enterprie, and a free
trade, to 'miter 4TI enormous accession of wealth and
power on the lelothee cpytitry. It is almost in-
conceivable the extent to which owlet yonld be
opened to our national capital and industry in th
rich and vigorous climate of nature, if once thrown-
open to a Free Trade. The subject will gradually
acquire politip interest as the period approaches for
the renewal pf the Pompany'a charter. We have
kept nUr fitttntion on The few inspnee
France has in availing herself of the nee of
steam- vessels. It is evident that our neigbhonts
have a very confined and limft-e'!l, knowledge either of
their powers or uses at present. It is not in Their way,
there is nothing Grande in the incre hissing of a
large Chaudiere ! It has not about it any pf those
agremens of captivation which strike the taste or the
wonder of a Frenchman: They are perhaps des-
tined -to learn its importance through a painful ex-
perience of its power when it shall bear the British
cannon to the very walls of their sea-port towns, in
defiance of wind or tide; and at any period of the
night when darkness and confidence !mare eurcieed
a twin influence in exposing them to a surprise. IL
is impossible to begin or to conclude any general
animadversions on the superior .means possessed by
England as a nation, either to become a friend or a
foe, without feeling the humiliating conviction, that
her domestic condition is a drawback on alj her su-
periority which brings her on a level with greatly in,
lerior States; if not reduces her below them.

4' 6y {dew invention of malting Oas Pipes (cast iron)
numerous journeown in England are getting w;.lges at the
rate of 41. or 51. a•week,

TILE COCHINEAL IN:SECT.

It is only lately that we have ascertained, from
the .qcpelintents of learned societies, and our vast
cuter outs sAnthern nations, that the indige-
- nous productions of. eo,untriea in different degrees of
latitude may be reciprocally exekanged wit,hpat sus-.
taming any injury in their generic properties, •
We see the cotton plant, the tobacco plant, tke
pipe, and many others, change- climate with ed.,.
vantage;
We are informed that the cochineal insects lately
sent over from Mexice to IGId
,Spain are doing well
on the prickly pear, or opuntin of-44t.coontry, and
are said to rival even those of Mexico in the 4,PlitE
and kr,iljiancy of their dye.
This racist yaluable• branch of -rural industry may
be extended &Joni tip shores of the Mediterranean,
Sicily, and in the different states of Greece. The
eptintia is indigenous in those places, 444 ley
little
eultiviiion will afford sufficient nourishment for Ow
cochineal inse4p, -We are also assured that those
precious insects we; e igtroduced last year on the
I,land of Malta, by Dr. Gornwi.pn account of the
Government, and that they are like 4.; gO well on
that
Dr. Gorman Aiscovered a few weeks ago in the
botanic gat den at estravidc,,,e the giona sylvestris, or
wild species of the cochine:ii,l;4pg among the leaves
et t coffee plants, the acacia, Ric. This is the
kermes or g,opjlla of Spain, about which so ni,axh
has been said, i 50441 pptleavouring to identify it with
the grona fine; and ottieri, N strenuously denying
such identity.

At oil events, this is the same species. as the, golf
Willa found pn the leaves of the green oaks in the
IRomda Marisca, io Andalusia, and in some years
large and velutible erops'of the girnilla arc gathered
in that part of Spain by the peasantry and sQld to
the ao.9rs to dye their scarlet.
The gardantrAt. Cambridge
.could not inform Dr.
Gorman how long the insects had been there, or
from -whence they came, but tiiey won there by the
appellation of " amelea bug." The giird4;pr found
these inserts very deArnetive to plants upon
they fostered, and although he tried every means
short of injuring the plants to remove them, he
found it impossible, as they adirerp to the leaves and
p ingot' the stem with such tenacity, sp pro-
lific, that the young der, s arc often found spr&lins
themselves over the neighbouring phlirkts. On 11.11$
account it would be worth while to attrippt the
•cultiyation of the prickly pear in the open air in this
country, gm) place the insects upon them, for in
all probability the jus,e;:ts would by good manage-
ment do well.

A fßavEkLpi!..

A LAw a '
.g j3n.L.—The Times on Mon-
day proented the typograpl;kll phenomenon of .‘ the
largest sheet ever printed," but not the largest ever
manufactured. The largest sheet of paper ever ,manufau.:
toted, made by patent machinery. was three feet wide and
400 feet long, The pnentees might safely work up a good
stock of such sheets, as they would, doubtless, soon be
taken off their hands by the legal profession fpr the pur-
pose of winding up the accounts of Chancery suite.wr
Sputa:or,

VICE-CHANCELLOR'S COURT, JAN. 24.
EX-PARTE RITIIERDON IN HE CUNNINeIIAn;
It will be refActvi. that this case stood (..• •
• . •• - —et*, in
consequence of A.
..n objection which Mr. Rose had
taken, on the ground that the assignees had not been
personally served.

The VICE-CHANCELLOR now overruled the ob-
jection, and directed that the commission should be
superseded. • _ _ _ _ _

The proceedings were impounded with the Se-
cretary, and the question of costs as against the pe-
titioning creditor, reserved until his lionour• shoul4,
have read the affidavits in support of the petitioq,
which were said to contain much impertinent matter.
• The VICE-CHANCELLOR having intimated his in-
tention of hearing-causes on Monday,
StiGD-N observed, that there were a great
many and heavy motions remaining, and that it was
quite clear something must be done to get.rid of the
business which pressed upon tire Court.

COURT OF KING'S BENCH, JAN. 24.
FERGOSsON Ak 43ifiTf4B.3) c4RWiqTQN:

Mr. F. PoLLocx. moved for a rule nisi to set aside-
the nonsuit in this case, and for a new trial. The
action, which was tried before Lord Tenterden at.
the sittings in London after last term, was to recover
'461. for goods sold and delivered by the plaintiffs
to the defendant. The plaintiffs mere wholesale
itmn d manufacturers, and sppplied the goods in
MaFeh and May last to the defendant, who at that
time earri;id pit a frail horsiness io the wilp line in
Bridge-street, BlaCkfriai;s.--71tule refuoed,