The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-13 00:00:00

THE RI NT, LONDON, TUESDAY FY:ENING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1842.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO, THREE.

The markets to-day are generally flat, and prices
rather lower, but without any particular reason.
Consols are 924 92i for Money,. and 93 for the
Account • New Three-and-a-half. Cents., 101 i. ;
Indian JI
Stock, 249 250 : Indian Bonds, 35 ; Exche-
► quer Bills, Old, 49 51 ; New, 49 prem.
Attention to- day has been principally confined to
Brazilian Stock, in which some speculation has been
going on; it has, however somewhat receded from
the highest point, and fl:e nearest price is fin.
A transaction in 'the Dutch Two-and-a-Half per
Cents. at 52i includes all the other business in Fo-
reign Securities.
The quotation for.Maxican Bonds is tits° lower, but
the exposure the attempt hy certain parties to npe'--
rate largely for a fall in these, and to raise the rates of
Spanish, has had the effect of putting a stop, for the
present at least, to such business. It has long been
known that individuals who were mixed up with the
Exchequer bill affair, though not publicly, have
been trying to raise speculations
.similar to that which
the proceeds of the fbrgeries were applied to sustain.
And it is strongly rumoured, among* parties likely
to be well informed, that the principal actor in that
scheme is again engaged in the market by means of
agents. The first endeavours were made upon our
own funds, but these having proved unsuccessful,
speculation in bonds was again resorted to; but it is
expected that the operations. even in these will be dis-
countenanced. The quotations to-day are Mexican
3511; and Spanish Five. per Cents. 16i.
With the exception of a' slight advariee in London
and Birmingham Railway Shares, which have been
sold at 1811, this market presents no feature. South
Eastern and Dover have been sold at 22f; Croydon,
10i; Bristol and Exeter, 461; and Edinburgh and
Glasgow, 488.
It would appear that the proceedings in regard to
the circulation of the forged Exchequer bills have not
terminated, the Committee having taken steps for a
more thorough investigation.
PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE.
RAILWAYS. Paid. 'Per Share.
Bristol and Exeter 7O ..... 4G
Edinburgh and Glasgow
Great Western
Loudon and Birmingkinn 90 lBl to
London and Croydon (Trunk)... 131 • ... to
South Eastern and Dover
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 12.
We have again had a languid market, and but little
business done. Manchester and Birmingham, 24
24; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 484. 49 ; Manchester
and Leeds, Quarters, 4i 4-4-; Sheffield and Manches-
ter, 311 ; South Eastern Scrip, 64 ; Bank of Man-
chester, 2i 3.

CLOSING PRICES.
nRITISH, FUNDS.

Rank Stock
3 per Cent. Red. .... ... Ditto Bonds .... 37 pm
3 per Cent. Cons ' 92i Ditto Old Annuities ...
3i per Cent. Red......... Ditto New Annuities...
New 3f per Cent... ...... 101 A Ex: Bills, 1,000/ 2d. 49 pm
New 5 per Cen', — Ditto 5001...... 51 pm
Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small ...... 49 pm
Jan. 1860 ... ...... 'Bank Stock for Acct.
Oct. 1859
Jan. 1860 l2 7-16!Consols for Acct.
FOREIGN FUNDS.

Austrian, 5 per cent ;Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent lOl iDitto, New Ditto
Brazilian Bonds... 674 ,Prussian, b per cent.
Buenos Ayres6 per cent. !Russian, 5 pei cent
Chilian, 6 per cent Ditto, Metallic ..... ..•.
Colombian, 6 per cent — 'Spanish, 5 per cent. ... . 16i
Ditto, 1824 — ,Ditto, Deferred.... 9i
Danish, 3 per cent French, iFrench, 5 per cent. —f. —c.
eek, 1825, 5 per cent. ;Exchange f —c.
Mexican, 5 per cent — !French, 3 per cent. —f. —c.
Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Illutch, 2i per cent. s2a
Peruvian,lB2s, 6 per ct. Ditto, 5 per cent. ... 102 i
SHARES.
Bristol and Exeter (70 paid) ..... 45.1
Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) .....• 48i
Great Western Railway (65 paid) B2i
Ditto New Shares ( 50 paid) s9i
London and Birmingham (90) . 1811
London and South Western (4116 s 10d pd) 58i
London and Croydon Railway ( Trunk) ...) 103
Northern and Eastern (45 paid)
South Eastern and Dover (50 paid)..

LLOYD'S SHIPPING--(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, SEPT. 13. -- Wind at noon N., very fine.
DEAL, SEPT. 12.—Wind N. W. by N., moderate.—
Arrd. Catherine, Jamieson, Sydney ; David Luckie,
Ritchie, Demerara ; Donald, Allison, Grenada ; Rob
Roy, Westward ; Mary Barbara, Marmaud, Quebec ;
Sapphire, ditto ; Rowena, Gambia ;;Elizabeth, Bruce,
Mirnmichi ; Timoleon, Dreyer, New Orleans. Sld. Co-
lombia, Colombia River.

JERSEY, SEPT. B.—The Jane (brig) in entering the
harbour, 2d inst., struck against the pier, and carried
away Lowsprit ad part of bulwarks.
GRAVESEND, SEPT. 12.—The North Star steamer ran
foul of the X. L., of Hartlepool, whilst riding in the
Beach Cut, doing considerable damage to the latter.
TORBAY, SEPT.' 10.-Sld., Ida Wilhelmina, Batavia ;
Atlas, Gibraltar ; and the wind bound.
FALMOUTH, SEPT. 11.—Wind S.E. to N.N.E., light-
breezes.—Sld., Science, Newfoundland. • -
HULL, SEPT. 12.—Wind N.W., light.=Sld., Zampa,
Tampico ; Pollock, Miramichi.
PORTSMOUTH, SEPT. 12.—Wind N.W. to N.N.W.—
Sid., Hendrik Hudson, New York ; Aurelian, Miratni-
chi. Arrd. df, Evoretta, Barley, Sydney, sailed April
14 ; Layton, Singapore.
OFF DOVER, SEPT. 12.—Clio, Taylor, Mauritius ;
Wahnsley and Olive Branch, Sierra- Leone ; David
?Amide, Demerara. -
LivEr.rooL, SEPT. 12.—Wind N.W., fresh.—Arrd.
Ingleborough, Calcutta ; Crown, Kerr, Bombay, sailed
from St. Helena on the Ist ult. ; Pickwick, Valparaiso ;
Britannia, Black Adder.and George Glen, INl.Bride, Que-
bec ; Kingston, Cam, Bombay, sailed June 23.
CORK, AUG. 10.—Arrd. John Blake, Whitewny, and
Jessie Anderson, Morrison, Monte Video. Sid. Cynthia,
St. John's, New BrunsWick.

OFF CABLE Itst7AND.-=Rozette, Bryce, Havannal),
for Liverpool.
PLYMOUTH, AUG. 12.—Arrd. Sesostris, Madras.
DUBLIN, AUG. 10.-51 d. Antelope, St. John's, N.B.
SHIELDS, Atm. 9.—Sld. Kinlia, Grenada.

QUEEN'S VISIT TO SCOTLAND.
LAYMOUTH CASTLE, PERTHSHIRE, FRIDAY NIGHT,
TWELVE O'CLOCK.—This day was not so favourable
for out-door exercise as yesterday, inasmuch as it
rained continuously during the greater part of the
morning; but, nevertheless, her Majesty walked cut
in the reserved grounds, and his Royal Highness
Prince Albert went to the preserves shooting at the
early hour of nine o'clock.
Her Majesty and the Prince were witnesses in the
afternoon of a set of highland dances in front of the
Castle, with which they seemed to be very much de-
lighted. This national exhibition•was attended by a
great number of the neighbouring nobility and gen-
try, as well as by those who happened to be visitors
.in the Castle. Sir Robert. Peel was among the
number, and. the Right Hon. Baronet looked on the
sport very gravely. --Alt-Pox Made was also present,
very actively engaged in arranging the dancers and
placing the swords in the sword dance.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert returned at
half-past three o'clock to luncheon, after having had a
good day's sport.
_ _

A grand ba"11, to which 100 persons were invited,
closed the evening in the most brilliant manner. The
groundsdlyhc on .the ctthescoccasion
Majesty's arrival. Among,
largest and most conspicuous,
0 r
disllum arrangedi illuminated edo n aas
slopeb eau beauti-
fully, -f
the lawn—containing on the night of her
e mottoes was one—the
"Welcome Victoria
and Albert." This placed directly in front of
her Majesty's apartments,.
from the Castle. The trees and
had a fine effect seen
hung as on the, night ofheoposite the mansion were
Majesty's arrival, with
variegated lamps, presenting.
to the eye a perfect re-
alization of the fabulous garden of - Hesperides. A
portion of the Castle was alsotri illuminated.
Her Majesty was very h pleased with the dance
- and the ball, and altogether -with the reception she has
tact with at the hands of he
Her Majesty leaves Tar subjects in the Highlands.
3.:inilii mouth Castle to-morrow
morning at ten o'clock ; is intended that
she shall he rowed down and it
~ reit Tay, to Killen,
a distance of sixteen miles, should the weather be
sufficiently fine for that purpose, Her carriages are
to follow on the road which leadsse' along the margin
of the lake, to : be in- -readiness should a sudden
shower occur, or anything happen to
'There
render boating
unpleasant to her Majesty. e are some Admi-
ralty watermen from Whitehall-st •
Majesty
here at present,
and they undertake to land her I at the extre-
mity of the lake, a distance, as have stated, of 16
miles, in 24- hours. Should the day propitious, her
Majesty will have a fine opportunity
of the most lovely scenery in this ly of seeing some
kingdom, in coast-
ing along the shores of this beautifulll piece of water.
After the dance this afternoon,' Majesty drove
out in company with Prince Albert.er On the road
she was loudly cheered by the hundreds who - beset
all the avenues to the Castle, waiting
hope of obtaining a passing glimpseoil?a,tiently in the
son. Her Majesty is always designated- tne- Royal per-
the "Bonnie
lassie " by her simple, but honest and warm-hearted
subjects in this part of the
Highlands • and
the hap-
-1 piness of those who have seen her is
uit.indescribable.
Her Majesty will not leave_Scotland
ast:hl this day
week, Friday next, at the very earliest,most
amiably anxious that the people of Edinburgh .
t and the
adjacent country shall have•an ample ~
is
inpler unity of
seeing their Sovereign now that she this country.
If her Majesty, therefore should not
~leave until. the
Friday,
~ she will not reach London tillthe
following.
PRINCE, ALBERT AT DEER
STALKING.
• DIJNREI,D, FRIDAY, SEPT;9.
. Thursday morning was ushered in by dense' '
clouds
of mist, enveloping the sides and completely conceal-
ing the summits. of the surrounding hills and moun-
tains, and shortly after the hour of sunrise these misty
clouds fell in alternate heuey.showers and drizzling
rain, filling the gravelly bottomed ravines and bents
of mountain-rills with gushing streams of water, e(ds
adding to the freshness of the verdure on their banks
and the richly wooded country,, and greatly enliven-
ing's the whole scene. The rain continued to fall until
past nine o'clock, but it did not prevent Prince Albert
from proceeding with his noble entertainer, the AI
quis of Breadaibane,the summitof T
to su ullohoule to
enjoy the. truly highland sport of deer stalking. ih.e
Prince and the Marquis left the Castle on horseback,
and were joined by Sir Alexander Campbell, Bart.,
powder horn slung
of Barcaldine, having• under his charge the game-
keepers_e and foresters, upwards of thirty athletic and
tfin .• looking men, all dresOd in full Highland cos-
ume, made of shepherd .. tartan, each having a
marched in military
shoulder. W. Bowie
Breadalbane tartan,'•and all
Campbell, Esq., joined at the same time with up,
thewards of one hundred Highlanders in full costume of
form two-deep to the baSe of Tullohoole, where Prince
Albert, and the Marquis of Breadalbane dismounted
from their horses, and his Royal Highness having re-
ceivE d a.- double-barrelled foWlingspiece from his own
gamekeeper, commenced the ascent of the steep bill,
where_ the sport was to .commence. Sir Alexander
Campbell and W. BoWie Campbell, who were distin-
guished from their. respective companies of men by
having each an eagle's feather in his bonnet, splendid
velvet coats richly mounted,- and the whole of the in-
signia
hofa their station and near relationship to their
out• the modes in which the
sportslii of
vtihnegsdpointed
day were to be carried on, the men di-
verged to the right andleft of the Prince, and soon
extended over
a circle ofseveralmiles; when they
, •
gradually advanced towards the centre, forming a less
and less circle, clapping their hands and shouting at
the height of heir vo' ices, startling the roes and-other
game, and ultimately concentrating numbers into a
circle of about 500 yards Thefrightened
with in diameter. -
roes hounded pastgreat swiftness, and all broke
through the circle
without being near enough to be
fired at, with the exception of three fine fat animals,
killed by tho Prince.
Previous to the concentration of the second formed
circle into a small
compass, we were able to reach the
northern extremity the forest, and the weather by
that time having became n
the scene was one of
the most romantic description 'fine'
that. could be imagined,
as the men simultaneously emerged from amongst the
trees in a half-moon-f
forth, extending from a mile and
-
a half to two miles in length, and gradually approxi-
mating to-each other ength'
While this aroundcircle the Prince and the Mar-
quis. was. gradually lessening, se-.
vend fine black cocks
were startled, and one of them
having flown past Prince Albert, his Royal Highness
brotiOit him down at. adistance of about 200 feet.
The Noble Marquis liftedt tip the bird, and he provo
to be a very fine one.
Alisert, the Marquis pa.d.ing the first shot by Prince
a well merited compliment
to the excellency of iti, aim of his Royal Highness,
which the Prince acknoc
and graceful inawiedged in his
astral
accom-
plishedner, lifting his hat from his
head, evidently delight-tint with his success.
It is particularly worthyproof of remark that the Prince,
although affording
of the superiority of his
capabilities as a sportsman, was uncommonly careful,
and lost many a fine roe because he would not fire
when be heard the voices
the Highlandmen on and clapping of hands of
not distinguish their their near approach, and could
amongst the trees. exact The position when concealed
Ilighlandmen were . very
shrewd, and although they
fear was, they observed ti. appeared not to know what
ness's character, and spool:s trait in his Royal High-
in the most unmeasured
terms of their approbation
and demeanour of the lof the amiable manners
Royal Highness had Princeseveral
on this occasion. his
excellent shots at this
spot, and brought down
par-
tridges, and hares, peviousgrey liens, muirfowl,
in the circle, in its sinalle4.4) the deerstalkers closing
During the day the Piinceeompass.
a less space of ground on. foot than
not have traversed
twenty miles if the windings than from eighteen to
may be calculated, and the scene changes of position
throughout was one
of unceasing and most exciting e•
interest to all engaged
in it and the very few ' strangers who were present.
While descending the braes
Taymouth the view
was one of unequalled grandeur, and the Prince se-
veral times remarked to the Mar
beautiful," pointing to the char—" That-is .really-
e and elegant struc-
ture of Breadalbatie Castle down •
valley, at least 2,000 feet below WI: a rich and lovely
ere he was stand-
ing, the figures of .a number of human
about upon the verdant lawn aPPearn9an beings moving
the domestic fowls of a farm-yarding not larger than
Almost close to
the castle the waters of the Tay occasionally appeared
in view through the rich group,
of venerable trees
which ornament its banks With th •
ground
vivid and har-
monious foliage. , In the back
high hill of Drummond, clothed with'aund appeared the
alpine pines to
its summit. To the left the beautiful
and placid bo-
som of Loch Tay reposed in nudist ul
urbed stillness, and
appeared like a magnificent
mirror, reflecting from
its surface the Ben LaWers chain
wreaths of pure white mist playingof mountains, with
them, Hid in the mass of trees gracefully around
Loch Tay, lay the sweet little village
the banks of*
with here and there only to be seen age of Kenmore,
some of the houses, to denote that .
tha small corner of
delightful spot residences for the sons ere were in that
•At an elevation of about 300 of men.
above the banks
of the Tay, the Prince bad some deelt.
Ightful sport, hay-
ing, from amongst . the inagniee
and venerable
birch trees, brought down a caperent
ca,ilzie, fortunately
only slightly injured in the wing
The head game-
keeper to the Marquis took Chia' r
bird, nearly equal in size and appearance to an eagle,
and he was shown to her Alajekty,
probability he will be kept alive
and there is every
or Buckingham Palace. i 1 His atli Windsor Castle
wounded two other capercailzies near thenYal Highness
same spot, and
two men were left to watch them,
asr there was little
doubt they would alsabe secured.
• he deer-stalkers
again formed their usual circle on a smaller scale, and
his Royal Highness killed two more
Altogether her Majesty and Princeroes in an instant.
Albert cannot
fail to have enjoyed'the reception
met with in these lovely Highland andl welcome they
first gathering of the clans, conarng ens' From the
chivalrous and gallant Lord 'Glenl ,oeneingr under the
at Duni- -is,
ce u to
the castle of,the Marquis of Breadalbane,n'
.s a distance of
upwards of 22 miles, the scene 1 . one of unrivalled
ol' lvtaeh over tits
extensivelyli sr.
the
5

• beauty—not one black or barren spot to meet the eye,
but everywhere, on every side, the most luxuriant
' verdure and 'iluest Hinge and grouping. which it
would require The pencil of a Salvator Rosa, or the pen
of a Sir Walter Scott, to attempt to delifieate, to
convey anything like an adequate idea of their roman-
tic nature and pure. harmony, relieved in the back-
grounds, as the whole is, by the charming neutral
tints and deep blue of the surrounding mountains.
The roads throughout the entire extent of these High-
land straths appeared more like the approach to some
wealthy nobleman's residence than the highway of
her -Majesty's subjects; and the triumphal ,arches
erected in honour of her Majesty's visit, fiwthed in a
very chase and tasteful manner, covered-With bloom-
ing heath, and in many instances stirmourited with
deer, roes, and black cock, with expressions of. the
warm sentiments of Highland hearts, such as." Queen
Victoria and Prince Albeft;- ye'r welcome,to ye'r
Hie'land glens," must have created a feeling of un-
alloyed delight in the bosoms of the Royal pair.
there was one peculiar trait in the conduct of the
• gallant Highlanders' as they closed their circle to
within from two to three hundred yards of the Prince,
and as they passed near to him on other' occasions,
which must have made his Royal Highness more at
ease than he otherwise would have been, from his na-
' turally retiring disposition—not one of them stared
at the Prince, but acted in the most becoming man-
ner, and with as much self-possession as if thel had
seen his Royal Highness a thousand times. There
was no etiquette, no ceremony; and there was no
symptoms to denote the
.presence of Royalty, except
that the sport itself was of a nature fit only to be par-
taken of by the highest in the land.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

CHRONICLE.—WhiIe Parliament is not sitting,
and official men are realising the pleasant anticipations
Of Sir James GrahaM in the sports of the field, the
policy and proceedings of Government can be known
only from such revelations as are permitted to be
made by the Ministerial press. This must be our
apology for again adverting to the sort of defence, if
we must so term it, that is put forward by the only
journal that still ventures to defend the, conduct of 1
Lord Ellenborough. On the 11th of March, in reply
to a question from Mr. S. Wortley, Sir Robert Peel
observed, " By an act, marked with a perfidy and
treachery almost as gross as that by which Sir W.
M'Naghten lost his life, the English troops were at-
tacked three days after they had entered into a capi-
tulation, and had certainly sustained great loss. Her
Majesty's Government would take every measure that
it might be advisable to take to repor this partial
disaster. Under the circumstances, h laud no
doubt Parliament would give her Majesty's Go-
vernment its confidence and support, whatever
might be the demands which they should feel it their
duty to make, in order to repair the disaster that had
occurred, and to satisfy the public in this country, in
India, and throughout the world, that they were deter-
mined to spare no sacrifice in order to maintain their
Indian empire." Subsequently, upon the Bth of
April, in the most effective speech which he made
upon the Income-tax, Sir Robert • Peel remarked,
" This disaster, I trust, will be speedily repaired by
the spirit and vigour of your counsels, mid by the gal-
lant exertions of your armies • The loss, I
say, is not irreparable. Every effort Ought to be made,
and every effort shall be mode to restore it. And shall
we not have the means of doing so ? How can we
judge of the moral effects of these occurrences ? (I low
indeed !) Recollect what efforts it may be necessary
for Government to make for the purpose of retain-
ing that great empire,_ which depends less upon
your physical force than upon the moral power
which you exercise over its numberless inhabitants.
If some decisive effort must be made for the res-
cue of the troops—(prisoners, we presume, too) who
are still in Afghanistan—if some strenuous mea-
sures must be taken for the reparation of that
great disaster—if some glorious feat of arms
must be achieved for the retrieval of that temporary
slur which has been cast upon your commanders and
your forces, if that must be done, cannot you perceive
the positive necessity of your making here, at home,
some vigorous exertions for the sake of supporting
Government in those efforts which you admit that it
is absolutely requisite that the Government should take ?"
At the very time, upon the very day, we believe,
that Sir Robert Peel was entering into these engage-
ments with the representatives of the people of Eng-
land, Lord Ellenborough was issuing his commands
for "the withdrawal of the army serving north of the
Indus within the British provinces." What a com-
mentary upon the promises of the Prime Minister are
the proceedings of the Governor-General ! Of
this apparent inconsistency, let us hear the ex- '
planation, or rather one of the explanations,
of the Government journal. " We think it is
very injudicious," says that most judicious
scribe, "to be jumping at strained conclusions
from the few words uttered by Sir Robert Peel in the
house of Commons just at the moment when the news
of that fatal qlliiir had arrived. Every man's mind
was at that time in a state of very painful excitement
on the subject, and it was impossible that these delibe-
rations should have been gone into by the Government,
and the decisions arrived at which so momentous an occa-
sion demanded. Sir Robert Peel gave- utterance at the
moment to the sentiments which were burning in the
heart of every man, but to fasten upon his words as if
they were pledges to a scheme of policy, which at that
time could not possibly have been considered, is un-
worthy_ of any rational commentator upon . public
affairs." This we extract verbatim et literati?"' from
the Ministerial journal, which appears to have been
entrusted with the defence of Lord. Ellen-
borough. Admitting for a moment (extravagant
though the admission be), that when Sir Robert
Peel made his first declaration on the 11th of March,
his mind was in that " state of very painful excite-
ment," is it, may we be permitted to ask, " un-
worthy of any rational commentator upon public
affairs," to suppose that by the Bth of the following
month he was sufficiently calm and collected,to give
a dispassionate reply upon the very same 'subject?
Referring to the Right Hon. Gentleman's speech of
the Bth of April, it seems as little to have resulted
from " a state of painful excitement" as any speech
we have ever heard measured out by the same cold,
calculating dealer in parliamentary common. place. Sir
Robert Peel, indeed, " give utterance to the senti-
ments
which were burning in the heart of every man !"
Not only the passage we have quoted, but the whole .
speech from which it is taken much more resembles .
the counting-house calculation of some 'skin-flint
economist, than the outpouring of a heart capable of
feeling any degree of excitement, except such as pre-
vailed
upon that memorable night of the Bth. of April, '
lest the Minister might not have been able to bring up
his report upon the Income-tax.
POST.—We should hope, from the tone which
public discussion has taken in the Journals for some
time past, that statesmen will begin to think more se-
riously than they have ever yet done, of looking very
earnestly into the condition of the working masses of
our countrymen, and determining what is to be done.
It appears very probable, and almost certain, that
something must be done for the relief and support of
industrious poverty, different from anything which
has yet been attempted. Contemporary journalists
remind us that the harvest is abundant—that, besides
the produce of our own fields, the nation has posses-
sion of a large quantity of foreign grown .corn—that
there is, in short, great abundance secured within the
kingdom, but as 'yet there is no impulse given to cora-
-1 mercial enterprise. To come more directly to the point,
the case is this—that a sufficient stock of comforts ex••
ists in the country, but. the means of their distribution
do not exist. Now, the problem for statesmen to work
is this—to find additional and sufficient means of dis-
tribution, which shall nevertheless give no rude shock
to the existing arrangements of society, and which
shall not award to the wilfully idle, or to the violent,
that share—amounting to a decent subsistence--
, .which all who are -willing to work and to obey the
laws %tight to have. The Minister has said that, after
considering the state of the country,. and the distress
of the working people, the only remedy he saw was in
the extension of commerce. But if the Minister
should see that after all he can do to extend com-
merce it does not extend, or at all events, it does not
remove the distress, and the difficulty of finding decent:
subsistence by the exertion of labour, then -he will no
doubt take a wider view of the great question, and
try to find some honest method by which. the accumu-
lated wealth of the country may reach the labouring
classes, and be reproduced." In -the existing state of
things commerce may be very much extended, and
much may be added to the wealth of the manufactur-
ing and mercantile capitalists, without -materially be-
nefiting the labouring masses. For the existing
machine power is capable of greatly extending its pro-
ductions, with very little extension of the employ-
ment of manual labour, and thus, while the work of
accumulation goes on extensively and rapidly, the
work of distribution is very little and very slowlx
increased. Formerly, the necessity o femploying
manual labour, in order to make a profit of capital,.
was a sure guarantee that a considerable amount of
the profit. , would be distributed among the working
people. Machinery greatly interferes with this mode
of; distribution. We do not want to say anything
against the use of machinery—all we desire to sug-
gest is, thst its employment is a very serious abridg-
ment of those means of distribution . of wealth among
the working people which formerly existed, and as
distribution is the object to be attained, it is right
that this hindrance should be taken into account. It
is said that landlords live on the produce of other
men's labour, as if they were in an especial milliner
bound to take the responsibility of all the difficulty
' which exists. But the lords of cotton-mills, amid of
money lent out at interest, or embarked in trade,
equally live on the produce of other men's labour.
The pity is that they all do not require a much
greater amount of men's labour upon which to live;
for if. they did, then the poor, vho are willing to
work, would get a larger proportjo) i of the rents and

4......_
, profits and annuities of the Tie than they do. Let
us steadily bear in mind that distribution is the main
point to be held in view. It is not as if the country
did not contain enough to maintain .the people. In
that case a totally different kind of remedy should be
thought of. The thing to be done is to distribute
without wasting. . .
TIMES..—The uflicial statement respecting the
commercial relations of Russia and Prussia, which
has been put forth by the.PruisianGovernment, and
which appeared in the Times of last Thursday, does
' far more than the speCulations of all Europe to confirm'
the view we have taken of the circumstances which
attended the recent interview. of the two Sovereigns
at St. Petersburgh, and of the consequences of that
inharmonious conference. The whole tone of the paper
which has been inserted in the official journal of the '
Cabinet of Berlin is one of hostility to the commercial
policy of Russia, and of the apology for the apparent
concessions, or rather arrangements for reciprocity of na-
vigation
which have been made on the present occasion.
'le Prussian Government declares .", that a more ex-
tended trade, such as formerly existed between the
eastern provinces of Prussia and Russia, to the ad-
vantage of both, cannot in the present situation of
Russia be restored ;" and that although an attempt
was made in 1836 to place the commercial relations
of the two States on a better footing, "unfortunately
the regulations having reference to the commerce and
intercourse of the frontiers since then made have been
&mid more embarrassing and oppressive." Nor is
this all. It is added, with a brevity which by no
means diminishes the importance of the fact, that
" the cartel convention with Russia expired on the 29th
of March, and is now only continued till the 29th of
September." That is to say, that after the expiration
of the provisional prolongation for six months the
treaty will not be renewed. In themselves these cir-
cumstances may not be of very gTeat interest to this
country, but when we recollect what they imply, it is
hardly possible to exaggerate their importance. The
language in which this document of the Prussian
State Gazette is couched is plain, and severe to a de-
gree not often used by one Government in speaking
of or to another. Yet it is the authorised language
of the official press of Berlin, sr caking not only to the
Cabinet of St. Petersburgh but to. the world, and with
a harshness which is considerably augmented by its
publicity. This is a declaration in favour of a liberal
commercial policy emanating from the principal State
in the German Customs League ; and it is no exagge-
ration to assert that Prussia is most able and ready
to detach herself from the political influence of Russia
when she speaks on behalf of the interests of that
great body. By her internal administration of her
Polish province, and by the pledge which the King
has given to respect its nationality, Prussia has
resolutely adopted a system which contrasts most
powerfully , with the vindictive and deStructive
administration of her powerful neighbour. By the
refusal to renew the cartel treaty, and by the pub-
lication of these views of the Cabinet of Berlin, a no
less serious blow has been aimed at the commercial
policy of. Russia in Europe. It need scarcely be added
that the King of Prussia, owes the power to assume
his present position to his deserved popularity in his
own :dominions, including the Polish and Rhenish
parts.of them, and to the support which the German
League cannot but afford him in a discussion which
orginates in the defence of the commercial interests of
Germany. From these sources he derives an indepen-
dence and a security unknown to his predecessors.
Prussia, speaking and negotiating in the name of the
whole population of the League, and feeling that her
d;plomatic operations are supported by the unity and
strength of the German people, is a very different
power from the Prussia of 1815. ' Her open territory
and her imperfect influence in the Federal Diet, ba-
lanced by that of Austria, . then obliged her to rely on
foreign alliances, and to conform to the policy ot her
neighbours ; but the Commercial League is a
home alliance, and more than ' an alliance, since
it has identified the interests of a nation with
her 'own. That League was perhaps not formed
for political objects, and its commercial origin
strengthens the probability of its duration; but politi-
cal consequences of the greatest importance cannot
fail to arise from the external relations of the German
Customs Union ; indeed, the distinction between a
commercial union and a political alliance is an ima-
ginary one, since whatever unites the interests of a
nation must combine their policy, their diplomacy,
and, in case of danger, their strength.

MONEY MARKET and CIT Y NEWS.
CITY, MONDAY EVENING.
FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

POST.—The dealings in the Consol Market are
still limited in amount, while in the Foreign Market
the transactions were quite destitute of novelty, with
the exception of what occurred in the Mexican and
Brazilian Funds. An attempt was made to depreciate
the former, but on what ground is not at all apparent,
nor does it seem to have been attended with much
success. It is the impression of most persons inter-
ested in the financial progress of Mexico, that the
pre:ent Government is resolved to act with good faith
towards the foreign creditors of the Republic to the
utmost practicable extent, and of this, indeed, a satis-
factory earnest has been afforded in the prompt
liquidation of the Treasury certificates issued in dis-
charge of overdue Coupons ; so that little attention is
paid to the factious proceedings of a party not ranking
very high at the Stock Exchange in disparagement
of this Stock, as will be seen by the quotations. They
are barely * worse than on Saturday. There was in
Brazil Stock an advance of 11 to 2 per cent., the rate
standing at one time as high as 68*, but which at the
close of business had receded to 68. The Market for
this Stock has doubtless acquired greater firmness
through the generally favourable advices received on
Friday from Rio Janeiro, the accounts from the in-
terior having, according to those advices, proved more
encouraging than any that had preceded them for
some time. The financial position of the Ministry
was, moreover, sufficiently easy to furnish something
like an assurance of due provision being made for the
dividends maturing in this country for a time to come.
SUN.—The Funds continued flat, and Consols left
off at 921 924 for Money ; India Stock, 249 251 ; Ex-
chequer Bills, Old, 51 53 ; New, 49 51 premium.
In the Foreign market the prices of the Securities
were—Belgian, 102 103 ; Dutch Two-and-a-half
per Cents., 521 52*; the Five per Cents., 1021
102/ ; Danish, 83 84 ; and Brazilian, 661 671, this
last showing an improvement.
The quotation of Mexican was 35i 35*. This de-
cline is attributed to operations which have been car-
ried on by parties who have occupied a very conspi-
cuous position in a large blue book, lately presented
to Parliament, and who, within the last two days,
have been endeavouring to depress these bonds ; and
f'ollowing the example of Messrs. Solari and Eapallo,
to raise that of Spanish.
In the Share Market, London and Birmingham
were 179 181 ; Birmingham and Gloucester, 42
44 Great Western, 83; the Half Slares,
591 591; South Western, 58 59 ; North Midland
56'58 ; the New Shares, 27 28; South Eastern
and 'Dover, 22 221; Eastern Counties, 81 81 ;
Northern and Eastern, 38 381 ; Blackwall,
371; and Brighton, 3311- 338 per share.
The quotations for the Bonds were :—Colombian,
201 21 ; Peruvian, 15 16 ; Portuguese Five per
Cents., 35 ; Spanish Five per Cents., 161 10;
1
and the lhree per Cents., 21120 A.
The greater demand for money was most:visible in
the afternoon, but a higher rate than two per cent.
could not be obtained, at which there were eager lenders.
Letters to the 14th of May have been received from
Port Phillip. The intelligence from the settlement is
favourable; both as regards imports and the prospect
for colonial produce. The large quantity of cottons
and other articles had been gradually worked off, and
prices had proportionably increased. This intelligence,
coupled with that by the overland mail, appears to
lead to the conclusion that affairs in Australia are in
a state of progressive advancement. Although the re-
sult of the last sales of wool did not show such high
prices as those previously bud done, vet it would
seem that a high profit was given to the grower. It
may be here remarked, that quite, a new feature has
of late arisen in this article—that of large quanti-
ties of our colonial produce now being exported to
Germany, upon which country we for years were
wholly dependent for our supplies.
Intelligence from the Mauritius to the 4th June
has come to hand. The crop of sugar had all been
made, and had proved greater than had been expected.
The planters generally having determined to ship the
greater part on their own account, in preference toe
e
selling it in open market, as had usually
case, prices were nominally higher. t
labour continued, and the late measure the been the
s with regard of
to the Hill Coolies had been received, and gave satis-
faction, leading to the expectation that the crop next
year would far exceed that of the present.
A few letters from Buenos Ayres up to the Ist of
July, state that no alteration had occurred either in
political
so w r
ecommercial
frairs
;the latter were as bad
ußosas was exerting every
llcould
h e n.
effort to get money, in order to provide for his
attempts against the Monte \ ideans, which com-
pletely paralysed all commercial operations. No al.
terations hadtaken place in the rate of exchange.

E-OPENINGOF LONDON BRIDGE FOR VEHICLES.—
Thi4 bridge, which has been undergoing a thorough re-
paving since the 15th .of last month, was opened yester-
day morning: The new pavement is laid down in gra-
nite stone, with a strong layer underneath, so as to with-
stand the wet and the great daily traffic. The carriage-
way has been raised a few inches, so that the bridge is
now a straight line.
The appointments of the Royal Artillery have at
last been decided, and orders have been given for the ma-
nufactrire. of the carbine with which they are to be
armed ; is somewhat longer than the Victoria carbine,.
and altogether a most appropriate weapon. They al
also to have a bayonet and a sword, the latter to he used
.
when in the field. We are not aware whether the belts
are to be pipeclayed or blacked ; but for the sake of thle
comfort and appearance of the soldier, we trust they will
, be made of black leather.—Naval and Mildal Gazette.