The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-26 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEAIBER, 96 1845.

1 the questions asked at their earliest meeting. 7. From
the Eastern Counties, the secretary of which wrote that
the company was desirous of consulting the interests of
the university and the town, and if any difference of
opinion prevailed on the subject of a central station,
they would be obliged by the earliest information on
the subject, as at present their arrangements for the
enlargement of the present station were suspended. The
ground they would require would be from the corner of
the Hills-road-bridge to about one hundred yards down
the road, and a piece on the east side of the station
about one acre altogether, the present station then
would be large enough for a central station. 8. From
the Newmarket and Chesterford Company; whom a
rather mystical letter said that their line would be the
only one between Bury and Cambridge. They would
use the present station. 9. From the Ipswich and Bury,
which line would also run into the present station.
The question of a central station than came to be dis-
cussed, and an immense quantity of talkirb, took place,
the result of which was the adoption of the following re-
solution, proposed by Mr. E. Foster, and seconded by
Mr. Cooper, " That under existing circumstances there
does not appear any practicable mode of obtaining a ge-
neral central station, and that the convenience of the
public would be greatly consulted by an enlargement of
the present Eastern Counties station, and by the corn-
party affording public access thereto by way of the east
road, near the town gaol."_

Name of Company.

Dividend I Amount
per of

CHARGE OF THE BISHOP OF
WORCESTER.
The following is the charge of the Lord Bishop of
Worcester to the candidates for ordination, Dec. 21:
"My dear young Friends,—You have now gone
through all the forms required by the law previous to
your admission tomorrow into the sacred orders of
deacons and priests. You have acquitted yourselves
in your examination to the satisfaction of my chap-
lain, and you have this day declared yourselves mem-
bers of the Church of England by subscribing to the
Thirty-nine Articles, which have been framed as tests
of your really holding those doctrines which she pro-
fesses as her distinctive characteristics, and which she
believes may be proved by the sure warrant of Scrip-
ture. Allow me to express a hope that in performing
this duty you have not merely complied with a form
directed by the Legislature as necessary previous to
your ordination, but that you have well considered
the different doctrines involved in these Thirty-nine
Article 3, and by the subscription of your names
thereto given your bonii fide assent to them. When,
however, I require this of you, I do not require that
you, young as you are, and with your minds fur-
nished necessarily with a comparatively small portion
of theological learning, should have made up your
minds upon the many dark points of divinity involved
in some of these articles—
Fixed fate, free will, foreknowledge absolute.'
Subjects of such intricacy and difficulty, that even
celestial substances are represented by the poet, when
they attempted to discuss them, as having
`Found no end in wandering mazes lost.'

Paid. I Fri,

Annum. I Sh;re.

.Z East London s, d.
81. 100 0 0
Grand Junction
Kent ...... ...• •• • • 2/. 10s. 100 0 0
Vauxhall .......• .• • • 5/. per cent. 100 0 0
West Middlesex .... • • 4/.165. pr ct. 63 12 9

This having been carried, on the motion of Mr. S3IITH,
seconded by Mr. LOVETT, the following words were
added to the resolution—" With a passenger station on
the east-road, near the town gaol."
The M.avon exhibited a plan of his proposed station
on Butt-green, and explained the nature of it, but the
committee appealed generally to deem the site very
ineligible, and no motion was made respecting it.
The committee rose at three o'clock.

To require perfect unanimity upon such points is to
suppose, in the words of Paley, that the Legislature
expected the consent of ten thousand men, and that
in perpetual succession, not to one controverted pro-
position, but to many hundred.' In considering, then,
the obligation imposed upon you when you sub-
scribed the Thirty-nine Articles, we take the most
liberal view of this question which has been taken
by that eminent philosopher to whom I have just re-
ferred. He states, in his work on Moral Philosophy,'
that the two points to be considered by those who
wish conscientiously to subscribe the Thirty-nine
Articles, are

COVENTRY, BANBURY,,AND OXFORD DIRE -3T
JUNCTION RAILWAY.
On Tuesday last a public meeting of the shareholders
of the above company, specially called by circular, was
held at the Lansdowne Hotel, Leamington, to consider the
positioh in which the company was placed by a refusal
on the part of the promoters of the rival undertaking
to carry out certain terms of amalgamation previously
determined upon. The meeting was attended by several
highly respectable individuals, amongst whom were Sir
Esq., J. H. Thorne,
J. W. K. Eyton,
14: Fortunatussq ~ J. M.
Dwarris,Cottle,
E Esq.,
DMre.r
Homeed it h, r
Esq., &c. &c.
After a protracted discussion, in the course of which
the Chairman (Sir Fortunatus Dwarris) detailed at
length the position of the undertaking, the following
resolutions were unanimously pass,d :
The meeting having had laid before them the agree-
ment for an amalgamation with the Oxford, Coventry,
and Burton-on-Trent Railway Company, and heard a
full statement of the facts contained in the case sub-
mitted to counsel, with his opinion thereon, which fully
justifies the acts and proceedings of the committee, and
having also heard the statement of the chairman and
members of the committee, is of opinion that the
Coventry committee have been guilty of a breach of
faith towards this company, and have assumed to them-
selves an unwarrantable authority in refusing to admit
a portion of this committee into their council, pursuant
to the terms of the agreement of amalgamation.
" Resolved,—That the best thanks of this meeting
are due, and that they are hereby presented to the com-
mittee, for the firm and manly exertions they have made
to uphold the character and protect the property and
privileges of the several shareholders.
"That the unjustifiable conduct of the Coventry com-
mittee having been the means of preventing this com-
pany from going to Parliament for their own separate
Bill, this committee be hereby fully authorised and
directed to employ counsel, and adopt all such legal
measures as they may deem expedient, by petition or
otherwise, to oppose the Coventry Bill through all its
stages."

' Quis imposuit et quo animo.'
The first of these points is merely a matter of history.
There can be no doubt that the Legislature of the
13th of Elizabeth. who passed the Act by which
subscription to these Articles was made incum-
bent upon all futute deacons and priests in the Church
of England, is the authority under which this oblige
tion is imposed upon you ; but the remaining ques-
tion, 'the quo animo,' with which such subscription
was required by them, is not so easily resolved, and
which may very beneficially occupy our attention on
the present occasion. Now, the first point which I
will endeavour to establish upon this important sub-
ject is that the animus of that Legislature
was specially directed to the exclusion of all
who professed the principal doctrines of the
Roman Catholic faith. That such must have been
the case would primei facie appear from the character
of the compilers of these Articles, for who were these
but Cranmer and Ridley—illustrious martyrs, who
shed their blood in defence of our Protestant Re-
formed Church ; and can it be believed that with
such views of religion they would have compiled arti
cles so loose and indefinite as to admit the subscrip-
tion of those who held Roman Catholic doctrines ?

But we have further in this matter the authority of
Bishop Burnet, who, speaking of the design with
Which the Thirty- nine Articles were compiled, dis-
tinctly states that it was a view to the exclusion of
Roman Catholics. ' The Reformers,' he states, in his
introduction to his work on the Thirty-nine Articles,
' had smarted long under the tyranny of Popery, and
so they had reason to secure themselves from it and
from all those that were leavened with it. Those here
in England had seen how many had complied with all
the alterations both in King Henry and King Ed-
ward's reign, who not only declared themselves to
have been all the while Papists, but _became bloody
persecutors in Queen Mary's days. Therefore it was
necessary to keep all such out of the body that they
might not secretly undermine and betray it.' In
order, however, to set this subject in the clearest point
of view, we will go through some of the lealing and
most distinctive doctrines of the Roman Catholic
Church, and afterwards see how directly these are
repudiated by the Thirty-nine Articles which you
have all this day subscribed. Now, perhaps, there
is no one point upon which the Church of Rom:.
differs more from the Church of England than in the
respect which the former pays to what is called apos
tolical tradition. It is the doctrine of that Church,
that besides the written word of God, there is a ne-
cessity for an unwritten word ; that is, the divine and
apostolical traditions. Nos asserimus,' says the
learned Cardinal Bellarmine, admitted by the Roman
Catholics to be one of the highest authorities in their
Church—' Nos asserimus in Scripturis non contineri
expresse totain doctrinam necessariam, sive de fide,
sive d, moribus proinde prwterverbum Dei script urn
-requiri etiam verbum Dei non scriptum—id est,divinas
et apostolicas traditiones.' Nay, not only do they
put tradition upon a par with Scripture, but they
even give it precedence, conceiving doctrines
handed down by tradition to be derived from our
Saviour himself, while those contained in the Scrip-
tures have no better authority than that of the Evan •
gelists and Apostles:- So the decree of the Council
of Trent upon this subject declares the doctrines of
the Roman Catholic' Church to he contained in libris
scriptis, et sine scripto traditionibus, gum ab ipsius
Christi ore ab Apostolis acceptw, aut ab ipsis Apos-
tolis, spiritu sancto dictante, quesi per manus traditae,
ad nos usque pervenerunt.' Such, then, is the re-
ceived doctrine of the Church of Rome, and let us
now see what says the Church of England on this
subject. You have this day declared your assent to
the sixth article, which contains these words—' Holy
Scripture containeth all things necessary to salvation.
So that whatsoever is not read therein nor may be
proved thereby is not required of any man that it
should be believed, as an article of faith, or to
be thought requisite or necessary to salvation.'
Is it in the power of language to contra-
dict this distinguishing doctrine of the Roman
Catholic Church more expressly (T more emphati-
cally? Next to the theory of tradition, perhaps the
doctrine of transubstantiation affords the most striking
characteristic of the Roman Catholic Church. To
any Protestant who attentively considers the figu-
rative style, still so common in oriental nations, in
which the discourses of our Lord were generally
delivered, it appears scarcely credible that the ex-
pressions, 'This is my body which was given for you,
and this is my bloo I which was shed for you,' should
have been ever taken literally, and be supposed to
mean that the bread and wine could be converted into
the actual body and blood of our Saviour. It is not,
however, my intention to go farther into this subject
at present than to state, what is well-known to you
all, that such is the doctrine of the Roman Catholic
Church ; but what says our Church in its twenty-
eighth article ? Transubstantiation (or the change of
the substance of bread and wine) in the supper of the
Lord canuot be proved by Holy Writ, but is repug-
nant to the plain words of Scripture, overthroweth
the nature of a sacrament, and bath given occasion
to many superstitions. The body of Christ is given,
taken, and eaten in the supper only after a heavenly •
and spiritual manner. Who, then, who has sub
scribed this article, can hold the Romish doctrine of
transubstantiation ? So again, there are few doc-
trines which more distinctively mark the Roman
Catholic Church than that of Purgatory. In the
twenty-fourth session of the Council of Trent,
it was solemnly decreed, that The Catholic Church,
instructed by the Holy Spirit, through the sacred
writings and the ancient tradition of the fathers,
has taught in holy councils, and lastly in this
oecumenical council, that there is a purgatory,
and the souls detained there are assisted by the
prayers of the faithful, but more especially by the
sacrifice of the mass. In quoting these words it is
not my intention to go at any length into the refuta-
tion of them, or to point out the errors and abuses to
which they necessarily led, but simply to prove, what
indeed Is quite notorious, that such is the doctrine of the
Roman Catholic Church; but what again says the 22d
article, which you have this day subscribed ? " The
Romish doctrine of Purgatory is a fond thing, vainly
invented and grounded upon no warranty of Scrip-
ture, but rather repugnant to the Word of God. So
again, it is well known that the Church of Rome ad-
mits seven sacraments as of divine or apostolical au-
thority, whereas our 25th article distinctly states that
there are only two sacraments ordained of Christ
our Lord in the Gospel, that is to say, Baptism
and the Lord's Supper. It would be easy to
pursue this subject further through the Romish
doctrines of indulgences, the invocation of saints, the
adoration of relics and images, distinctly denied in
the 22d article ; the use of the Latin language in
the performance of divine service, condemned in the
24th article; the practice of the Church to
deny the use of the cup in the administration of the
Lord's Supper, blamed in the 30th article ; and the
celibacy of the clergy, asserted to be not required by
Scripture, in the 32d article ; but enough has surely
been said to satisfy you that one of the principal
objects of those who imposed this test of subscrip-
tion upon all future deacons and priests in the
Church of England, was to prevent those who pro-
fessPd such Romish doctrines from being admitted as
ministers of the Church. If, then, we are to adopt
Paley's rule, and resolve anydoubts which we may enter-
tain with regard to subscription, by considering the
animus' of those who imposed this test upon the
Church, it is quite clear that that animus' was
8, ecially to exclude all those who professed Romish
doctrine, and that those, therefore, who do hold such
doctrines are guilty of a maLafides, near akin to
perjury, when from motives of interest they sub-
scribe articles thus utterly repugnant to their re-
ligious belief. It may, indeed, be doubted whether
the Protestant divines who compiled our articles
had not in view as large a comprehension as .129_5•
Bible of those who had renounced the errors Of

Popery—whether the twelfth article was not con-
structed with a view to conciliate those who dwelt
upon the necessity of works, while the seventeenth was
intended to include those of a Calvinistic persuasion ;
but, however comprehensive they may have been in-
tended to be as they regarded Protestants, it is quite
clear that they are most distinctly exclusive in respect
to those of the Roman Catholic communion. This is
indeed so obvious from the most cursory consideration
of our articles, that I should have hardly thought
it necessary to have pointed your attention to it on
the present oeca-ion, if it had not been notorious
that individuals, who, like you, had signed their
names as assenting to the Thirty-nine Articles,
had not thought it inconsistent with the obliga-
tions which they thereby took upon themselves to
continue ministering in our churches, though they
professed to hold all Romish doctrine. They indeed are
new gone. oat from us, but it is to be feared that
many yet remain who have subscribed the articles,
and yet entertain opinions-directly opposed to their
plain and literal sense. To investigate what causes
have led to this calamitous result, would carry us
into too extensive a field of inquiry ; but I cannot
consider it as foreign to the present occasion, when I
am about to introduce such a number of young and
ardent minds into our holy profession, if I offer to
them some considerations, which, under the blessing of
God, may prevent those who think they stand like
them from falling. In the first place, accustom your
minds to dwell snore upon the spiritual essence of reli-
gion than upon its external forms. Were I called upon
to state the most important general distinction be-
tween the religion of Rome and that of Protestants, I
should say that the former occupied itself almost ex-
clusively with forms and .ceretnonies, while the latter
dwelt on the necessity of the conversion of the heart
to God. lam far from wishing to deprecate the im-
portance of those forms and ceremonies which are
directed to be adopted by our Church in the admi-
nistration of Divine service; they have been wisely
instituted as the handmaids of true religion ; but
I would caution you against that exclusive at-
tention to forms which is the characteristic of the
Roman Catholic Church, and wl.ich has a ten-
dency, if we are not on our guard, to convert
the scriptural worship, directed by the Gospel, into
a minute regard for ritual observances. In the se-
cond place, be cautious in the adoption of terms which
have become the symbols of a party. Thus the term
Catholic, as applied to our Church, cannot be ob-
jected to. The boast of our Reformation was, that we
had, by that blessed event, corrected all the manifold
abuses of the Church of Rome, and brought our
Church back to.what we believe to have been nearly
the universal practice of the Primitive Church. In
this sense we pray in the Liturgy fcr the good estate
of the Catholic Church, in which passage, to avoid am-
biguity, it were to be wished, perhaps, that the term
universal had been preferred ; but when it is recol-
lected that this is, I believe, the only passage
in the Liturgy in which this term is used (for
the Creeds can hardly be considered as parts of
the Liturgy), is there not an affectation in ap-
plying it upon every occasion to our Protestant
tieformed Church ; and does it not betoken a dis-
position to overlook as much as possible the distinc-
tions which have been proved to exist between the
two Churches. In like manner we have been taught
to di-claim the term Protestant,' derived as it is
from the first Reformers, who protested against the
errors of the Church of Rome, as if we had no longer
cause to protest against such errors. The use or dis-
use of particular words in treating upon religious
subjects may, indeed, be justly considered as trifles;
but, alas ! it has been found, by experience, that
nugae seria ducunt in mala.' We may call our-
selves Catholics and disclaim being Protestants till it ap-
pears as if both Churches formed but one vineyard, and
that consequently it is a matter oflittleimport in which
part of it our ministerial labours are employed. It
has been my object in the present charge to point
out to you that this is not the case, and that, how-
ever charitably we may view, and ought to view, the
errors of our Roman Catholic brethren, however
diposed to consider them as a branch of the univer•
sal church of Christ, and even to extend their means
of usefulness among their own people, we should be
cautious how we modify the distinctions between us
till they become almost evanescent quantities, and
thus dispose our own minds, as well as those of our
people, to the seduction of that Son of Perdition who is
ever on the watch for unstable souls. By your subscrip-
tion to the Thirty-nine Articles of your Church this
day, you have declared not only that you are faithful
members of that Church, but we have seen that you
have likewise affixed your names to a solemn dis-
claimer of the errors of the Roman Catholic Church.
I'hat Church, as well as ours, requires its ministers
to subscribe certain articles ; and to bring the sub-
ject svhich we have been discussing clearer into
view; I will, in conclusion, copy the twelve articles,
which, according to the Bull of Pope Pius IV., are
still required to be subscribed by every bene-
ficed clergyman belonging to the Church of Rome.
[Here the Right Reverend Prelate recited the
Articles.] Such is the solemn subscription of articles
required of all clergymen who are beneficed in the
Church of Rome, and I need not point out to you how
they are opposed to those which you have this day
subscribed. Therefore, brethren, stand fast and hold
the traditions (or rather, as it should have been tran-
slated according to A.PKnight), the doctrines which
ye have been taught. Now, our Lord Jesus Christ
himself, and God, even our Father, which bath loved
us, and given us everlasting consolation and a good
hope through grace, comfort your hearts and esta-
blish you in -every good word and work."

COUNTY OF ANTRIM ELECTION
CARRICKFERGUS, DEC. 22.—The election of a rei,
presentative or the County of Antrim, in the room of
the late Mr Irving, took place in the Ccurt-house,
Carrickfergus. At twelve o'clock, Sir Horace Beau-
champ Seymour entered the hall, accompanied by
John White Esq., Sheriff of the County, James Wat-
son Esq., of Brookhill; R. Dobbs, Esq., of Castle-
Dobbs; the very Rev. Dean Stannus, Major Naugh-
ton, &c.
The clerk having read the writ of election,
Mr. WATSON, of Brookhill, proposed Sir H. B. Sey-
mour as a fit and proper person to represent the con-
stituency of county Antrim in Parliament.
Mr. R DOBBS seconded the nomination. No other
candidate having been proposed, the sheriff declared
Sir Horace duly elected.
The Honourable and Gallant MEMBER, in returning
thanks said he would endeavour so to discharge the
duties of his office that they should have no occasion
to repent the confidence they had placed in him. He
had been trained up in constitutional principles, and
what he had been taught to revere when a boy he
wouldcontinue to venerate through life. Circumstances
had of late occurred, which had made him distrust in
some degree that party on which he had hitherto be-
stowed his confidence, and he was not prepared to say
that he would support them now, as he would have
done six months «go. But he was bound to no party;
he vi ould act according to the best of his judgment
for the good of his constituents.
At the close of this short address
The Rev Mr. GREEN, vicar of Antrim, put the fol-
lowing query to the newly returned Member:—" In
the event of a Bill being brought into Parliament to re-
p al the Maynooth Endowment Act, will you give it
your support ?"

- The answer given by Sir Horace was to the effect
that he had voted for the principle of educating the
Roman Catholic priesthood, because he thought they
would be made thereby more accessible to arguments
in favour of Protestantism. He would not, therefore,
pledge himself to a repeal of the grant to Maynooth.
the principle had not already been acknowledged and
acted upon, he might pause before giving it his assent
His interrogator expressed himself pleased with the
candour of the statement, but, at the same time, ex-
pressed his dissatisfaction that Sir H Seymour did
not see it to be his duty, as a Protestant, to oppose the
grant referred to. The proceedings then termi-
nated.

The election occupied only a short time, and there
were but few persons present.
In the afternoon a number of the electors sat
down to a sumptuous repast with their newly elected
Member, in the Board-room adjoining the Court-
house, when a number of loyal and other toasts were
proposed and responded to, among the rest the health
of the Honourable and Gallant Member, which was
received with the most enthusiastic cheering. The
festive meeting, after lasting about two hours, broke
up at three o'clock.

NEW YORK BREAKFASTS.
I wont to several boarding-houses before finally
making a selection. In answer to inquiries for the terms,
they were generally reasonable enough ; the highest
two dollars a day, about Bs. 6d. sterling ; and the lowest
one dollar. At these last I inquired their hours. Break-
fast at six o'clock and half-past ; hot beef-steaks, mush
and milk, hommaney, rice and molasses, mackerel, sal-
mon, shad, hot cakes, and rolls of every description,
tea and coffee. Dinner at twelve o'clock, and supper at
six. The bill of fare, on reading, looks abundant
enough ; but really, on inspection, this well-covered
table offers to an Englishman very little that is even
eatable, much less palatable. Though every one must
admire the early hours and temperance of the Ameri-
cans, yet only imagine a Londoner, and an old hand not
used to anything much worse than the shady side of
Pall-mall, assembling at ‘ six o'clock at the noise of a
great bell— washed and shaved, mind, by six o'clock—
to took at an immense rump-steak at the head of the
table swimming in fat, not half cooked ; then lower
down a di.h of enormous salt mackerel, one of which
would make two of our English mackerel ; then some
Halifax salmon just as taken from the barrel, and as salt
as brine
,; then two or threo smaller dishes, some with
mush—a food for pigs—and others with hommaney, onlS
differing from mush in that this last is white maize
ground and boiled in water, whilst mush is yellow corn
ground and boiled. As this sort of food is not known
in England, thank God, except. in the penitentiaries, I I
have been rather particular, in describing it. No caution
is required to my countrymen to avoid it, because the