The Sun.
London, England, 1829-08-28 00:00:00

CHINA.

(Vrom the Boston Commercial Gazette, Aug. 1.)

The Editors of the New York Journal of
commerce have received a file of the Canton
Register to the 16th of -March, from which they
have made copious extracts. We subjoin a few
of them :--•

" SMALL-PDX.---The small-pox was raging
in Canton, and had occasioned an unprecedent-
ed mortality among the naives. Several thou-
samis had fallen victims to the distemper ; and
in the case of adults, not one third had survived
the attack. The crews of foreign ships had also
suffered to a considerahle extent ; many deaths
had occurred, but timely resort to vaccination
had done moth to mitigate the calamity. In
many inswoces the disease had assumed the con-
fluent .4tiap, and was very severe.

a' CANTON MARKET, IVIARCri 16.—A1l
ihe Indiamen have taken their departure, and
the American shipping is daily disappearing.
Patna and Benares opium has been on the de-
cline, since the impression that the new opinm
is very near at hand. We have flattering ae•
counts of the trade existing between this and the
Australian Settlements, and which we have
every expectation will rapidly extend. The eon-
suption of tea now amounts, we are told, to 25
efiests per day. it is reported that some fo-
rests of sandal wood have lately been discovered.
Teas have declined here very materially in price,
since they have been left with little demand ;
and nankins, from the same cause, have been
much reduced. The proprietors of raw silk
have been more obstinate in their pretensions.
Silk piece goods that are already fabricated are
vory low. Some Treasury bills on London have
teen uegociated at 3s. 11d. per dollar. In ge-
neral our trade is very dull. The consumption
of Turkey opium in the last year is estimated at
about 1,600 chests, being an increase upon pre-
vious importations:
" BRITISH MUSEUM IN CHINA. —A mu-
seum under this title is about to be established
at Macao, to be supported by subscriptions of
the British community, but open to gentlemen
of every nation to become honorary and corres-
ponding members by ballot. Among the cu-
riosities already received was a very liberal col-
lection from an American gentleman."

STEAM NAVIGATION BY HIGH

PRESSURE.

(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)

Few, if any, attempts to introduce high pres-
sure steam-engines on board boats have as yet
bee❑ attended with satisfactory results. It has
enerally proved that such engines, however well
they may work upon land, do not, when afloat,
sufficiently maintain their steam power; and, be-
sides this, they have been thought greatly to in-
crease the danger of explosion, and the grunting
sort of noise attending the escape of the steam
at every stroke has been held to be intolerable.
In several trials, however, made within the
last few days with a pair of fifteen-horse power
high pres-ure engines, of an improved construc-
tion, all these objections seem to be entirely re-
moved ; and the success upon the whole seems
so complete, as to promise a certainty of the
greatest advantages to the art of propelling by
steani.

These engines have been made for a French
order, by Messrs. Busk and Co., of Albany.
street, Regent's-park, and have been merely
placed in a common coal lighter here, for the
purpose of trying the action of their different
pmts previous to shipment.
The cylinders are of about thirteen inches
diameter, with a thirty-inch stroke, and arc made
to vibrate, and act immediately upon the cranks
of the paddle shaft, without either beam or inter-
mediate rod.

With their frames they occupy a space of
about seven feet by six. • They have a tubular
boiler ; the tubes are about one inch and a half
in diameter, and are so placed, that in the event
of the smallest obstruction occurring in any of
them, by removinc, a brass cap at the end of each,
they can be cleanedr immediately.
The boiler is about twelve feet long, ten wide,
and about one foot in depth or thickness ; and
the engines and boiler together, including the
charge of water in the latter, do not exceed about
ten tons in weight.
The lighter is a vessel by its formation pecu-
liarly unfavourable to speed, ,but she made with
a five-foot paddle upwards of nine miles an hour
going with the tide, and upwards-of-five going
against the same, or an average of seven miles an
hour.

The trials were made chiefly between Green-
wich and Woolwich, with a fuPy maintained
abundance of steam during the whole time.

A more favourable form of boat would doubt-
less have made a very great difference in the rate
of going through the water, probably nearly
one-half.

The noise of the escape of the steam is effec-
tually prevented by the steam being passed from
the cylinders into a tubular condenser, where it
is reduced to the state of water again, and whence
it is then returned into the boiler as ;
and consequently very pure water.

Danger. from explosion is entirely obviated
from the small size cf the tubes used in the
boiler. The quantity of steam or Water used in
any one is so small, that in the event of an ACC',

dent no mischief could take place, as Ls been
repeatedly proved by cutting one of the tubes
through with a chisel, when the boiler has been
at its highest pressure.
Some experiments were made in towing a bal-
last lighter, drawing about. four feet six inches of
water, and having 81 tons of ballast on board,
being hung on, it appeared that the speed of the
engine was not reduced more than about two
strokes per minute,- or that of the steam lighter
more than three quarters of a mile an hour.
This result should indicate something pecu-
liarly faVourable in the use of high pressure en-
gines for towing ; and we understand that seve-
ral boats are about to be fitted up, with engines
of the above class, for towing lighters and other
craft, both above and below bridge, and with a
-peculiar paddle, which projects very little beyond
the line of the boat's side, acts wholly under
water, and is very readily removed or exchanged,
and appears to have extraordinary effect in tow.
ing.—Morning

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.

(Fro:n the Journal des Debuts.)

. The Russians advanced at full gallop to Aidos and
Bourgas. Fresh and brilliant successes have sig-
nalised their very first steps in the plains of Adria-
nople, and their last victory at Kirk-Kilissa opens to
them the road to the Turkish capital without
stt iking a blow. Thus General Diebitsch will pro-
bably receive the intelligence of the Polignuc Mi-
nistry at Constantinople.
Of all the delusions thus destroyed, and amongst
all combinations thus counteracted, what will be the
probable upshot? After having thus for two years
lulled England to sleep in the vain hope of stopping
the giant of the North, after haring smothered the
unpopularity of the Russian victories by a species of
systematical reverie on the moral impossibility of the
conquest and downfall of tile Turkish Empire, what
answer will the English Ministry give to its ac-
cusers ? Who will show them the Russian standard
waving from the minarets of Constantinople ? What
a fine opportunity for the old Tories, still shudder-
ing on account of the Catholic Emancipation, to
double their virulence and fury against the wretched
effects of all these efforts and negociations ? What
an awaking to the patty which pushed its gra-
titude for the liberation of Ireland as far as to
shut its eyes to foreign politics, upon which not a
single bright.day has shone since the Duke of Wel-
lington bad the direction of affairs. Will they still
forget the cannon-shot fired off Terceirathe scaf-
folds of Lisbon and the struggling of British sub-
jects against the oppres.ion of the usurper of the
Brag,anza Crown ? All these matters present them-
selves now to the mind envenomed by eighteen
months of culpable indulgence. The Duke of Wel-
lington is asked What England has become in his
hands ?—Will he dare—will he be able to answer
to the Parliament, that he has brought about the
Polignac Administration ? A beautiful, an ad-
mirable compensation for the capture of
.Constanti-
nople. If the Dake has nothing better to allege to
shut the mouths of his enemies, there are but two
things which he can do.

When an English Minister fails in the execution
of a plan loudly announced, perseveringly pursued
—when events stronger than his combinations, belie
the promises he has made to the country, he retires,
and leaves to rivals more fortunate than himself the
care of accomplishing or changing the political sys-
tem, .under tbe weight of which he hiniself suc-
cumbed. Will the Duke follow this system be-
queathed to him 14 a number of his predecessors ?
Will he abandon the helm during the storm, after so
many useless efforts to silence its rage ?
Were the Duke but an ordinary Minister, the
mere principal adviser of the Crown thrust into
power by the regular working of representative in-
stitutions, we should "not hesitate to affirm that
under existitqt; circumstances the honour of his re-
tircment had struck. But with the stupendous
recollections interwoven with his past career, with
that life connected with all the great events of the
world for the last 20 years, and the thrones raised
and pulled down in his presence; with tliat singu-
lar good fortune which ever reserved to him the
honours of success, when even the labours of the
struggle were entailed upon others ; both as a
Minister and as a soldier, the Duke of Wellington
cannot be comprised and measured like a common
man. Lord Goderich would retire, but Wellington
will remain.

But will it be for the purpose of dragging along
before Parliament in the unhappy way where he is
forgiven the present, because the future is entrusted
to him ? Will it be to recommence the good or
b;:d justification of a conduct which events have
j u(lged ?
Whilst the Duke of Wellington strategitically
demonstrated that the Balkan was an ihsurmount-
able barrier, and that the Euphrates would stop an
army, General Paske„•itch will have thanked God
at Constantinople, with General Diebitach, for the
prodigious success of the Emperor's arms; and the
empire of the Crescent will have strewed both
Europe and Asia with its ruins.
Words will no longer suffice now for the future
Ministerial existence of the Duke. Deeds are re-
quisite for this. England requires a phantom of par-
ticipation in the events which formed and devolved
themselves, and were accomplished in spite of her.
She must hoist the war flag on board of her ships;
and, perhaps, it is already displayed in the Black
Sea, at the very moment we are tracing these lines.
It will remain to be seen whether the burning of
a squadron, and of some dock-yards, will stop the
projects of Russia ; and, above all things, whether,
before resorting to this last extremity, the first sum-
monses do not find the Emperor Nicholas absolved
from his promises of moderation by eighteen months
of wishes against his success, and by one year of
of against his legitimate claims.
Has Russia on her part neglected the means of
replying to an appeal of England to Europe, against
the developement of her power ? Does she find all
these Cabinets stirring to whom she might be
bound by promises ?
At Vienna, where there is no occasion for upset-
setting a Ministry to give allies to Mahmoud, they
will perhaps rouse themselves from that lethargy
which possesses a great Minister, as some people say,
when the Russians raised the siege of Silistria in dis-
order. Some troops may be assembled at the fron-
tiers of Servia; but ever with an uneasy eye fixed
on Daly ; and whilst the Milanese causes nervous-
ness, their operations on the Danube will be but
feeble. _

Prussia is so much identified with Russia; recent
promises have so strongly tightened the bonds of a
dose alliance, that one single gesture from St. Pe
tersburgh to Berlin will act as an immense counter-
poise upon Austria. Germany has ceased to receive
the directions from Vienna with its former humility.
There are some young Kings there who are not
exactly over fond of M. de Metternich.
No; it must be allowed the political horizon was
never more pregnant with tempests. Every thing
presages a long succession of events, through which
Europe will finish by being re-constituted upon a
different basis. Such is the state to which the
Monitcur of the 9th of August has reduced it.
What with M. de Bourmont being Minister of
War, M. de la Bourdonnaye of the Home Depart-
ment, and M. do Polignac, of Foreign Affairs,
France expects the first gun to be fired, which is to
set the world in flames. We have not, at present,
the courage to speak of the character which the fu-
ture reserves for France.
The gratd affair of the new Ministry was about
to be completed. Since it came into conflict with
the youthful reputation of Monsieur de Rignv,
divers names were put in motion. Some of them
honourable ones ; others, like the Ministry, who
had nothing to lose. M. de Vitrolles had been
thought of. A deep hatred against Constitu-
tional Institutions, good previous conduct, some

-

ialcnt, and, it is said, - sonic eloquence, tt•ere
excellent requisites for service, in order to take a
seat alongside of M. de la Bourdonnaye ; but
M. de Alludes was left at Florence. How dare
they to increase the unpopularity of this Ministry,
by a choice so hostile to liberty ? How to affront
a new explosion of discontent ? They have thought
of particular men, of seamen-.--they have been selec•t-
ed, and then parted with. Who knows whom they
will not refuse likewise ? Finally, the ilioniteur
has spoken out this morning, and the country was
not a little astonished to find that the office of its
Minister of Marine was filled by Baron de Haussez.
Monsieur de Vitrolles at least belonged to the party
of the Ministry—he was of the same opinion, and
will, and formed an additional mediocrity. France
knows what to be at with respect to him, and was
quite prepared to receive him. But M. de Haussez !
Who -is he ? An individual that is a complete
cipher, a Prefect under M. de Cazes, a Prt•fee;
under M. de Villele, a Prefect under M. de iMartig.
nac, a Prefect under M. de la Bourdonnayc. M. de
Haussez is a fixture, an immovable Member of the
centre, a pure Ministerialist these 12 years—speak-
ing little—never voting quite aloud—a man keeping
his place, and never making any noise in it; such is
his political illustration.
The Ministry, in taking M. de Haussez for their
colleague, in descending to such an insignificant,
mean, and poor a choice, shows the extent of their
weakness, and proves that, with all its anxiety to
exist, at any price, it cannot succeed in the attempt.
M. de Haussez, seventh in a Ministry of 1815, is,
at any rate, a sinaular symptom of impotence or of
fear; and this shows sufficiently that before a strong
and united nation—before a Constitutional Chamber
—before a long and inexorable unpopularity—the
boldest must want courage, even during the first
intoxication of power; even at the debut of a Mi-
nistry they had been dreaming on these 15 years.
The Duke de Chartres, Colonel of the First Re-
giment of Hussars, accompanied by M. Baudrand,
his Aide-de-Camp, sets out on Tuesday for the
camp at Luneville, where his Royal Highness will
perform the great cavalry manoeuvres. The young
Prince will have, every day, a table of twelve covers,
where, no doubt, the officers of all the regiments
forming the camp of Luneville will be invited.
Letters from Toulon of the 18th of August say—
The Scipio ship of the line, which arrived from
Navarin three days ago, sailed yesterday for Mar-
seilles, where she will land three hundred troops.
After coming out of quarantine, this ship will be
paid off and dismantled.

The Conquerant ship of the line had received
orders to sail for Brest, where she was to be paid off
and laid up ; Lut fresh orders continued her in com-
mission, and`she is to sail for the Levant at the
first signal. The son of the Russian Admiral Hey-
den, who commands La Lyonne (the Lioness) fri-
gate, arrived three days ago in the roads on Toulon.
He has been receive:l with much distinction by the
authorities, though be holds only the rank of a
Lieutenant de Vaisseau. _ _ _

The armed bombs had received orders to proceed
o Algiers. This day fresh orders arrived to stop
heir departure.
- - - - -

The Clorinde frigate, which was to be paid off
here, will perform that operation at Brest, whither
she will carry the undischarged seamen of the Pans
Syrenc frigates, who are to be paid 'off here
when coming out of quarantine.
The eybille and Circe frigates sail to-day or to-
morrow, the former for the Levant, and the latter
for Algiers.
The _Doily schooner, commanded by M. Florence
de Molitard, Lieutenant de Vaisseau; arrived last
night in Toulon roads from Nayarit).
. . (From the Constitutionnel of Tuesday.) •

JAssY, AUG. 6.----The more rapid the progress of
General Diebitsch becomes, the more the fresh
troops destined to reinforce the different corps of
the army in the field, seem to accelerate their move-
ments. All Moldavia is covered %vial them. Those
troops, consistng moitly of infantry, take only such
re,t as is absolutely necessary, and advance towards
!he Danube. Many of them join the corps of ob-
ser%ation kept before Sliumla, to keep the Grand
Vizier in check, who might be tempted to make
sallies, in order to maliCCUvre on the Russian flank,
and to endanger their operations. It is true the
Grand Vizier's corps has much diminished since
the battle he has lost. But he still maintains his
position, which is so much the stronger as he can
daily receive reinforcements of fresh troops through
the southern and western passes which it is impos-
sible for the Russians to shut up against him.
An abundant harvest has destroyed every appre-
hen,ion of a famine, and the peasants begin to be in
good pirits, seeing that their subsistence is secured.
For this they are indebted to the Russian authori-
ties, who compelled them some time ago to culti-
vate their fields against their inclinations. The
abundant summer showers have done the rest. The
state of salubrity causes no serious uneasiness eithci;
and if the contagions are represented as very dan-
gerous to strangers, there are, no doubt, good rea-
sons for doing this, were it only for having pretence
to assemble troops at the frontiers tinder the dis-
guise of a sanitary cordon.
The letters from Odessa are full of complaints re-
speceing the stagnation of trade, which becomes,
from day to day, more intolerable. The maga-
zines are overflowing with productions from the ad-
joining provinces, that find no market. The mar-
kets are much embarrassed, and the farmers still
more so. On the other hand, as Odessa is the prin-
cipal point from whence the Russian armies derive
their supplies, the shipping of the place has much
increased. The number of ships employed in the
conveyance of provisions is truly astoui3hing, and
increases daily ; and, what is most remarkable is,
that the Russians, dreading the moment when they
might cease to be masters of the Black Sea, have
constructed their ships in such a manner that they
can still run along the coast and supply their armies
in Turkey, without apprehension of large ships keep-
ing the open sea.
By the preparations made at Odessa at the Go-
vernment Palace, it would appear that the Etnpe-
ror Nicholas intends going there at the end of the
summer.

(From the Allgemeine Zeitung of Aug. 21.)
BUCHAREST, AUG. 4.—A courier arrived here
yesterday from the army. Since that time a report
is in circulation that the Sultan has fled into Asia
upon the intelligence of the arrival of the Russians
before Adrianople, because the feeling of the capital
was becoming hourly more critical and dangerous. •
Great hopes of peace are entertained ever since the
arrival of this courier. It is thought that the Porte
would accede to the conditions proposed by the
Russian Government. A Te Demo was chaunted
here on the 2d instant, on account of the capture of
Aidos, Bourgas, and Messembria.
MUNICH, AUG. B.—From M. Eynard we received
the following extracts of letters from Greece, dated
the 28th of May and 29th of June :—" Col.l-lei-
degger, who is obliged to recover his health, has
obtained leave from the King, of Bavaria to leave
Greece. Count Capo d'lstria is, at present, ac-
cused of being too much of a Frenchman ; but it is
natural that the President should show his gratitude
to a nation which sacrificed most for Greece. For
the sake of the Greeks I should wish the English
to take their turn in receiving the best treatment,
for this would be a consequetwe and proof of their
showing more sympathy for this unfortunate nation ;
but up to the present moment the English agents
have de played little friendliness whenever they came
in contact ;rid, the Greeks. The English consul
executes with harshness the orders sent him by his
• Government ; very differently from French and Rus-
sian agents, who make every effort to benefit the
Greeks and to give facilities to the President. The
surrender of Mis.3olonglii, which proved a day of
festivity to the Greeks as well as all the foreigners,
seemed to cross the views of the English agents,—
Many persons believe these things proceed from
individuals and not from the English Government.
They say, we cannot believe that the gallant warrior
who directs the Cabinet of St.James's has grown an

enemy to Greece; but we have to complain of the
conduct and manners of the agents ; but we never
suspect the noble character of the Duke of Waing-
ron, that he deigns to sow dissensions among us.
" Others maintain that the English are slyly en-
deavouring to it jure the French, and to overturn
the President. I can candidly assure you that ap-
pearances warrant these charges; but I cannot be-
lieve that the English Government would approve
such intrigues so unworthy of it. Being neither a
Frenchman, a Russian, or Englishman, nor a Func-
tionary, I report matters plainly, just as I see and
hear them, knowing that you love details."
(From the Gazette de France.)
The French Government has received intelligence
from Constantinople up to the Bth of August. In
the accounts received not one word is said of the
great victory reported to have been gained by the
Russians at the distance of 20 leagues from
Con-
stantinople, vet the news of this victory is said to
have reached Vienna on the 12th instant ; the
battle must then have taken place, and the result
mnst have been known in Constantinople, pre-
viously to the '7th instant, the date of the despatches
received. The news of tbe,battle .of Kirk-Kilissa
was conveyed to Munich by a Russian Minister, the
Count Potemkin, who said that. he got it from Ta-
tischeff, the Russian Ambassador at Vienna. There
can be little doubt now of its being an invention.—

However, the accounts from Constantinople speak
of the uneasiness that reigns in that capital,
and the dread of the arrival of the Russians at
Adrianople. The accounts likewise state that the
old Janissaries who were at Erzeroum revolted on

the approach of the Russians, and that without doubt
the revolt facilitated the taking of the fortress. It
is added that this is the worst feature in the late
events; and the truth of this observation may be
very well conceived, for should the ex• Janissaries in
other parts of the empire follow the example of their
brethren at Erzeroum, it may lead to the most fatal

consequences. The Prus4an agent, Muffling, had
arrived at Constantinople. General Guilleminot
was unwell. The negociations with the Porte had
taken a favourable turn, and the Ambassadors had
hopes of succeeding in their mission ; but this, of
course, could have no effect upon the war with
Russia, that being quite a distinct queStion from that
of the settlement of Greece. Much-Las been s►id

sere within the last few days of the entrance of Ad-

mind Malcolm into the Black Sea, but the accounts
received 1)3, the Government here state that the
English Admiral was at Ipsara on the 9th inst.; it
is added that he was then cruising to keep the crews
of his vessels in good health. It is not true that the
Ministry of Police is to be re-cstablished, and con-
fided to M. de Villele.