The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-13 00:00:00

Sll 4-.? trif OF 11.1 EIV

AND

Vatblte zptitton.

" Who runs may read."

FOREIGN.
In a letter ion Constantinople, of the 21st ult., it
is stated that there is every probability of peace being
preserved between Turkey and Persia. The Persian
army, which was intended for the invasion of Turkey,
has not advanced beyond the frontier, and commercial
relations have been renewed.
The marriage of the Princess Mary of Prussia -with
the Prince Royal of Bavaria was celebrated at Berlin
on the sth inst. The Royal couple left shortly after-
wards for Munich, where they were to be married on
the 12th, according to the rites of the Catholic
Church, in the chapel of All Saints.
The King and Queen of Prussia have arrived at
Berlin from their journey to Neufchatel.
The Russian, English, and Prussian Ambassadors
are expected to meet at Vienna, by the time Prince
Metternich arrives there. The affairs of Servia will
then be the immediate subject of diplomatic confer-
ences.

General Bertrand has just presented to M. Adam,
the Mayor of Boulogne, a silver-gilt cup used by
Napoleon, and a stone from his tomb at St. Helena,
for the Museum of the town.
The Cologne Gazette has the following from the
frontiers of Turkey :—" The German journals will
speak probably of a conspiracy against King Otho.
As no such matter ever took place, it may be as well
to declare the real state of the case. Two Greek offi-
cers of engineers had charged two workmen, em-
ployed in the construction at the palace, to kill the
Bavarian officers belonging to the corps f engineers.
The plot hiving been discovered, the two officers were
arrested, as well as the editor of a newspaper exceed-
ingly hestile to the Bavarians."
A fete took place at Lille on the Bth instant on the
occasion of the ceremony of laying the first stone of
the monument to be erected in commemoration of
the siege of the Austrians in 1792. A grand review
took place afterwards, and during the day wine was
distributed to the troops of the garrison, 10,000 loaves
of bread were given to the poor, an equestrian spec-
tacle was represented in the Champ de Mars, and at
two o'clock a collation was offered to the National
Guards.
Mehemet Ali will pass the Ramadan at Cairo, and
will not return before April.
PUBLIC OPINION.
We take the following remarks on Mr. Cobden's
late speech at a Manchester meeting from the Times :
—" Mr. Cobden has just favoured the world with one
speech and two dissertationsa dissertation on the
comparative advantages of freedom and restriction in
trade, and a dissertation upon the proceedings of the
Anti-Corn Law League, the two dissertations toge-
ther making up the one speech. We do not at all
wonder that Mr. Cobden found it necessary to sepa-
rate the two subjects, for they are doubtless very dis-
tinct ones. They are as distinct as light from dark-
ness—as the calm and dispassionate consideration of
the means of providing for the subsistence and wel-
fare of countless multitudes of our fellow-men can
be from the turbulent proceedings of a com-
pany of ignorant and seditious hireling talkers.
We believe that Mr. Cobden means well, and his
tone is certainly a good deal improved since his last
oration ; the episodical tea-parties, and the appeals to
middle-class agitation, and your good, quiet sort of
mischief-making Dissenting minister, are now omitted
there is a good deal more charity towards his oppo-
nents, the monopolists,' and some apparent belief
that a man may sincerely and honestly be mistaken in
thinking that a high-pressure system. of Corn-laws is
really for the general good ;—we are therefore anxious
to separate Mr. Cobden from the rest of the multi-
tude—to distinguish him from the Aclands and the
Smiths, and the other worthies who go about the
country for hire, persuading people—to whom the
conviction which is to re;ult from such persuasion can
possibly do no good, and may do much harm—that
they are not so well governed as they ought to be,'
and that that misgovernment (which, wherein it
consisted they would be puzzled specifically to say, is
solely prompted by a designing and selfish spirit of
avarice and lust of power."
The Herald says, in an article on the subject of
the New Poor-law—" Amongst other subjects reserved
for inter-sessional consideration by the Cabinet is the
New Poor-law, and Sir James Graham promised,
when the Legislature consented to prolong for a few
years longer the existence of the Central Board of
Commissioners located at Somerset House, that such
consideration should be most favourable to the objec-
tions of detail which had been urged against the ex-
isting provisions of that law. The present position of
this question is then this—the Commission is to be con •
tinned for other three years, in order to bring about uni-
formity of system in the administration of the relief of
the poor ; but, this accomplished, that Board will, in its
present sape, at least, be abolished, and that in the
meantime every effort shall be made to adapt the new
law to the condition of society and the wants of the
poor. As this proposed course has met with the de-
cided approval of the Legislature,—as, notwithstanding
many serious objections that have been urged thereto,
it is plausible and reasonable in itself—and as the
satisqictory. settlement of this question is of such vast
importance, we are quite content to let bygones be
bygones, to forget the excitement and the exacerba-
tion of the past, and to join with earnestness and sin-
cerity in this attempt to produce a law which shall
adequately maintain the poor and needy without un-
necessarily drawing from the pockets of the rate •
payers, and which shall produce as much uniformity
of administration as is consistent with the varying
circumstances of localities."
The Chronicle says Although the proceedings of
the late Congress at Stutgard have not fully tran •
spired, yet upon this point there is no doubt—that it
has been resolved by the Zoll-verein to raise the
duties on Mousselins de laine, and other manufactures
of wool mixed with cotton, from 4/. 10s. to 71. 10s.
per cwt., being in the proportion of 40 per cent. I It
is impossible to view with indifference this new blow,
struck at one of the most important of our manufac-
turing interests, at a time when those interests are
suffering so severely from the effects of the corn
monopoly—when the profit of the master has
been reduced to little or nothing, and the wages
of the workman will barely suffice to pro-
cure him the necessaries of life—when the alarming
deficiency in the Excise revenue indicates a
fplAt4'4.l degree of suffering among the pro-
tinctive classes of thP pe!o, W arc disposed
to reproach the Prussian Ifovernment with the pro-
gress which Germany is making in the false path of
commercial restriction, Thc fa 4 Is that the policy of
Prussia is quasi liberal, as compared with the wishes of
the minor States of the League. Still, it cannot be
disguised, that public opinion throughout Germany
sets strongly tigi direction of an increase, rather

than a diminution of tits protective duties of the
Union. Germany:has become a manufacturing coun-
try, not merely for home consumption; hut to
a considorable extent for exportation. She has
pretty well excluded from her markets our cotton
and woollen stuffs, the coarser fabrics altogether, and
she pursues her restrictive course with a steadi-
ness of purpose worthy of better designs. Can any
man doubt that the time is approaching when the
Zoll-verein will raise the duties on cotton, yarn, and
twist ? The German spinning factories are not, it is
true, yet able to supply the national darrlalld, but
when a nation has once adopted the mischievous prin-
ciples of protection, who shall limit the point to which
those principles will be pushed ? We admit, and de-
plore, the erroneous course which Prussia and the
Confederated States are following ; their tariff is con-
trary to the best interests of the German people. But
we warn the British manufacturer that there is no
hope for him. The late partial modification of the
British tariff has led to no reciprocal concessions on
the part of the Zoll-verein. On the contrary, the first
fruits are this increased duty of 40 per cent. on British
mixed stuffs, which is now rousing the indignation of
the Yorkshire and Lancashire manufacturers,"
The following remarks on the Revenue are from
the Post :—" The remarkable falling off in the Excise
revenue is undoubtedly a circumstance which ought
to command the earnest attention of the politician. In
a Chancellor of the Exchequer's view of the matter,
it is an unmixed evil—a dead loss of a very formid-
able character. They who are charged with the ge-
neral government of the country must also feel that
this evidence of the deteriorated condition of the peo-
ple is entitled to their most serious consideration.
The financial deficiency is but a small part of the sub-
ject which brings it under review. The people ought
not to be subject to such privations as the falling off
in the Excise but too plainly indicates. It is neces-
sary to do something to raise them out of their
depressed condition. Is that something within the
power and province of legislation and government ?
If it be, measures, and bold ones, must be
taken to remedy 'the existing evil. If it be not,
how is the existing state of society to be maintained ?
If our progress in the acquisition of wealth be not a
progress from which the great mass of the people de-
rives benefit, as well as the owners of capital, and if
statesmen can do nothing to mend this matter, what
security is there ? How can we expect that there
will be peace and safety ? Here are grave points to
be considered. But the immediate cause of the fall-
ing off in the consumption of exciseable commodities
was probably the late strike. Very well ; but this
cause had a cause, and if that previous cause remain,
what security is there that the immediate cause of the
deficiency—namely, the general strike—may not
occur again ? In short, we come to this—that the
condition of the people must receive a different sort
of attention from that which it has hitherto received, and
with some more practically beneficial effect, or the
lovers of internal peace, and the owners of property,
will be placed in a very critical position."