The Sun.
London, England, 1811-09-11 00:00:00

EXTRACT OP A LETTER.

SAEIJOAL, ON THE COA, Auo. marched
from Portalegre this day week, and we suppose our-
selves going to besiege Ciudad Rod:io. I will tell
you the route we have taken, and by the map you
may easily follow U5...-Wecinesday, 31st ult. left
Portalegre ; halted, and passed. Apalhao Niza
(halted) ; Villa Velha, Castello Dram), halted two
nights ; Pedraga, two nights ; San Miguel, Pena-
maor, two nights; and Saougal, to-day. I always
accompany head-quarters, and they generally march
from five to eight leagues a day, by which we gain
so much upon the troops as to have ever* now and
then a halting day. The weather Is uncommonly
hot ;s but as I always start half an hour before city-
break, I am in before the heat of 'the day comes
on. To-day I have had a most luxnriarit bathe in
the Coa, and am as fresh as if I had not been a mile.
Oar road has lain over a very mountainous traCt of
country, but, excepting' being most abominably
steep, not very bad for mules, and the extensive'
prospetits here and 'there repay the labour. I know
very little of the French troops, but I spglie with a
soldier who escaped hum them by means of the
Guerillas, who furnished him with
,money, a
.rnale,
and a pass, from guerilla to guerilla. This man
was wounded in the leg at Talavera, and was a
twelvemonth in Madrid, and eight months in Sego-
via, which last is the place lie escaped from. He
gives the best account of the guerilla system I ever
heard. Since Massena's retreat, the Spaniards are
another people in .point of spirits, and
.these parties
daily become more formidable; for deserters of all
nations (particularly. Germans) join them from the
French army, and though an uudisciplined set, yet
they are as well mounted a, the French cavalry, and
are uncommonly successful in cutting off convoys
of provisions, stores, and'money. He.relates that
assassination is carried on at Madrid to an incredi,
bre- extent by the; women. In Segiavia 80.0 have
been murdered hi this way in the last eight months,
and yet, says he, the-Spaniards are as polite as pos-
sible to the French; but if they .meet the. ery same
pehple at night, alone, they are never, heard of inure..
He has seen .King Joe several times, who is a goad
kind of man; and ,the Spaniards like him a.great
deal better than they did their old Kling Charles.-7,
The French are very clown-hearted since Massena's
retreat. He relates a great' many anecdotes of the
insurre6tions in Madrid, and how thelhglish have
been confined several times in consequence. The
Spaniards. are fixed in the persuasion that, they
must, sooner or later, gain the day. The Portu-
guese rubbed this poor tellow of four dollars, the
remains of his supply from the guerillas,' and also
of a great coat, telling him the English were a very,
bid set of "poople. Such is the information' I got
from dila man ; he seems an' intaigent person, rind
I am disposed to credit what he relates. - How lung
a stay we may make .at this place it is out of my
:power to say, and where we are going, and what to
do., is all conjedlure with us, and *very proper it
should be so. I think we .shall have warm work
before long; if I escape the danger, as I hilaerto
have; you may depeod upon hearing from me the
moment any confliet is over. I call myself- so far
master of Pre Spanish language as to be able, if I
should be so unfortunate as to be made prisoner, to
make my escape, 'therefore don't be uneasy in that
rope& More than 300 have joined us that were
taken at Talavera. These guerilla parties are IWO.
&shingly. useful in passing the poor fellows from
one party to another, relieve their wants, and at the
same time are very annoying to the French. You
perhaps knowe of all this from your Newspapers, and
I date say are more acquainted %-ith our affairs than
we are. We don't much depend upon reports that
are in general circulation with us, but froth. the
gnglish Papers we gift a little insight into our situ.
tion: The Newspapers you were so kind to send I
safely received; they looked like oh) acquaintances,
and I soon renewed' my ancient intimacy with
them, and found infinite pleasure in the informa-
tion they gave me of what was passing in dear Old
England. '7

The Comet appeared beautifully distina last night,
shoot half past eight o'clock., mar the lower star
in Charles's Wain, The Cornets in our system,
accorditig to Sir I,SAAC Nawa•ois, are 21 in number,
moving in ail sorts of directions. Of these, the, p.e.
nods of three only are supposed to be known to
any_clegree of certainty. The first of them is sup.
posed- to return, so as to be visible to the inhabi-
tants of the twill, every 76th yeir ; the second
every 129th year ; and tits third in no less a term
than 576 years. This latter Comet, at its greatest
distance, is eleven thousand two hundred millions
•of miles from the sun; and at its least distance
from the sun's centre, which is four hundred and
ninety thousand miles, is within less than a third
part of the sun's diameter from his, surface, 10 that
part of its orbit which is nearest the sun, it thes' at
the amazing switness of 8.80,000 miles in an hour,
and, at that period, its heat must be, 2000 times
hotter than red-hot iron; and being thus heated, it
must retain , its heat till it approaches the sun again.,
even should it be 20,000 years, instead of its sup.
posed period of 575 years! •,

Harlow Bush F•iir, which commenced on Mon-
day, was attended by thousands of persons of nil
descripti..ns. from the Metropolis and surrounding
villages ; thew was a great quantity of cattle of all
sorts, and likewise exhibitions of wild beastsi shoW-
booths, &c. were very numerous.

• yesterday morning as a waggon was going along
00ord-street, towards St. Giles's, a chaise came in
contad with It, by which a boy was thrown against
the kirb stone, and in/lured his skull. He was
tal►e:n to an hospital without hopes-of recovery-,*

TO 771 E EDITOR OP THE SU

SIR,

tO. the account which yOu have given in your lag
Paper, of the Musical Tritk at preslnt aliug a. t,•e.
Lyceum, you have stated ihitt the s'ory is evickotly
meant to allude to " a certain recent event of a
memorable nature,", and that in one of the scenes
there is a manifest reference-to another occurrence
that bas lately attreaed ihe attention of the lit► fir,
Thoueh it ti considerable r:•In
avow myself the author Of a bagatelle, which has
been received Much more indulgently than it de-
serves, I Cannot allow this statement to pa.s
out 'cleaning, that, hoWever h the ltivoloita
dialogue Of this Piece may hive'
I.had ;thought of the story luny; before ti;,),e
events.oerurrod, by which y on, and verhaps many
others, suppose it to have been p•tiggested,
I have the honour to be, Sir, ,
Yours, Sec..

Sept. s 1.

THOMAS I‘looll

THE DECREE OF TliE CORTLE, OF THE

19TH JUtE, 1811.

Front the Espanol.]

1. The Mediation otrered eby Great Within, for
the purpose of conciliating the Provinces of Ameri-
ca, is accepted. "

2. The indispensable basis must b&, the std. miss-jun
of the Provinces to acknowledge and swk.ar
mice to the Cartei and the Government, and to name
Deputies who shall represent them in the said
Cortes, and shall ltworporate ihemselves with the
other Representatives of the Nation.

3. That all hostilities shall be reciprocally sui.
pended, and all persons, of either party, who are
prisoners, shall'be set free'.

- '4. That the pretensioti3 of the Province at va.
Hance will) the Mother Country (disidentes) shall iftt
heord, and attention paid to them as tar as 'justice
Will permit.

5. At the expiration of eight Months from the
commencement 'of the .Negotiation, or sooner U
poaiible )3 Report of the progress of it shall be maie.
to the ipanish Government.

6. Great Britain shall be permitted, during the
Negotiation, to-trade with the said Provinces, it be-
ing left to the Cortex to consider whether they shall
be admitted to a klutte of the trade with all the Pro-
vinces of America.

7. negotiation must be concluded within
fifteen months.

8. If, at the expiration of that time, it is not sc.
compliShed, Great Britain shall suspend
.all inter.;.
course with the Provinces at variance with Spain,:
and shall assiSt the Mother Country in blinging
them back to their duty.
9. The Government, in its. answer to the English
Minister, shall, previously explain to him the ino-
tives which have induced it to accept the mediation,
and to preserve its honour.

We regret that the limits of our paper will not
allow us.to insert, at length, the very sensible re-
marks ut ;he Editor of the Espanol on the above
Decree, especially on t,l►e 2d, 4th, and Bth articles,
which, he. contends, are unsatisfactory a'nd unrea4oll.
able. We must content ourselves with stating, in,
his own words, his just and patriotic view of the
subjetl, and refer our readers to the wo►k for
much useful information and sound reasoinne,
thie policy which should be adopted, both by Sp:►in
and thi, country, towards the Spanish provinces of
America

The Spanish Government is the ally of England,
in a cause common to both--in which Spain. derives
the greatest benefit, and England bears thegreatet
share of the expense.. One of the few means wbich
Spain possesses of contributing to the expense, and
lessening the pecuniary hurthens cif Eegland, is int, r-
rupteci by theseparation of the. American provinces.
The allied Power may therefore say—Why have t on
managed your interests se ill, that, instead of derivin;
benefits for the übjeOs of our alliance, you m .st
waste your resources on the very countris from
which you ought to have received them The o' ly
answer which the Spanish Government could give
to such a question, which would- be satisfattory,
would be this These people are not sincere in
" their professions, and I could not proceed with
.‘4 them in any other way than, that which I have
". pursued—in proof of which, you, who are my
" ally, whose interests are the same as mine, a:4,
" who can do nothing to hurt me, which would
" not hum yourself, do you try and ora them, 'in,
my name, all that you think they can in jastice
demand. When
.you see that they rejeal all yet)
" offer, then you will acknowledge their bad fault ;
" and we are convinced, from a knowledge nf' your
" reditude, that you will take part with us in re-
" ducing their) to their duty,"
" This would indeed show an earnestness to be
reconciled--this would be a real admnision of irlt.
diation. what the Gortes have done, is only an en-
deavour to commit England td the maiutenanee of
their own tenacious and mistaken policy."

Last Monday morning a market gardener, in the
neighbourhood of Poplar, went out to unsQt a spring
gun, which he was accustomed to bet ev ry
when accidentally treading upon the spring, the gin
went off, and the contents entering hi* body,
ed him in so dreadful a manner that his life i‘
spiiired of.

, Late on Monday night, or early yesterday morn-
ing, some villains entered the Laundry b I '
e tinging to
the house of Wm. Greatorex, Esq. at lionimir,,;to ),
and stole upwards of forty pounds worth of table
and other linen, which lid been kit there by, the
aervaots afier washing on Monday.
.00141-EXCHANGS, SEPT. l i.--To-day we have
some further arrivals of Wheat, with tolerable re-
ruainiu* applies; not tnuli fine, and in Ibis tra,le
last prices are supported; Barley and Milt ea... 11 ra-
tiler dearer ; 'White Peas at the late aivonCe ; itt
Grey and Beans but little variation ; there are vety
few fresh arrivals of Oats, not many on 'bane; and
i.ivalloensdatlyi!resaudfiatniaciet‘Oivll :Os
.flipeeiry Ist,::ct kc. lea re r i Flour at
Wheat - 824 a 965 a itis . 'llk k !leans .. .. 405 a 45$
Fine ditto - -.116s A 120 S Ditto {foie old) - 46$ a oil
Rye .. .. ',.. 40$ a 4sit Oats .. .. 23, a ads a 3is
Bart,..
Bat - - .*as a 47$ Inland ditto - J 24 a. 334 Oti
kir:, ..,
...„ -..- /4* A 7311 POtAtOe ditto 341 a 35$ Gd
Wltiteticte,boOeti744 a 784 *ane Scant • •• • 401. 4 43%
Clef Oliti) « w., 05 it, $4) Fine Plottr - 9s1 a tvc4
tic,,,, .. .. - . 404 a 5421 Sotllll4 * * * 902 a 91$

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