The Sun.
London, England, 1842-05-30 00:00:00

FROM THE FRENCH PAPERS.
A man, of the- name- of- Buffaed,-- aged 44, .a-day-
labourer, was tried on the lath before the Court of
Assizes of Angers, for the murder of-.a-gendarme
named Renault. It appeared that thedeceused; on Feb-
ruary 22, when, accompealed by two of his comrades
on duty in the commune of Manlevrier, perceived a
man with a gun. ivho was evidently poaching. He de-
sired his-companions to stay behind whilst he Went to-
wards him. 'The latter on seeing him approach fled, and
the gendarme pursued until his comrades lost sight of
him. Suddenly the report of a gun was heard, and on the
two gendarmes running up, they found Renault dead,
and the murderer gone. A young man, named Gan-
dreau, was arrested on suspicion, but after fourteen
days' imprisonment, Buffard, who is his uncle, came
forward, ands delivered himself up, declaring that, if
any one was guilty, he was the man. On the trial,
the prisoner, who was decently dressed in the costume
of the peasants of La Vendee, appeared deeply
afflicted, held his face hidden in his pocket hand-
erehief; and, when he spoke, his voice was inter-
rupted bcy. sobs. He acknowledged that he had
shot the man, but declared that it was altogether
sn accitlent, for when he saw the gendarme
sen•euing him, he warned him not to come near, and,
threevina down his hat, said, "If you pass that spot,
I will I me." The gendarme still approached with
his musket to his shoulder, and he, not knowing
what he was doing through agitation, raised his gun,
and the piece unfortunately went off. He fled and told
what had occurred to his nephew, who had been arrested,
LI well as to other members of his family. The Court,
taking into consideration the conduct of the man in giv-
ing hiinself up, and the evident affliction he felt fotthe un-
fortunate; event, found him guilty of homicide with-
out premeditation, and sentenced him to eight years'
confinement. Before the sentence was pronounced,
the Procureur-du-Roi, who conducted the prosecu-
tion, informed the Jury that the prisoner had a high
character for general good conduct, and mentioned
that the nephew, who was in the first instance appre-
hended on the Charge of murder,' knew, immediately
after the event, that his uncle was the guilty party ;
bat, with the most generous feeling, had preferred
imprisonment, and even the risk of condemnation, to
becoming his accuser.
The following account of an attempts at murder,
and happy escape of its intended victim from death, is
given be the Breton of Nantes. M. 011ivry, re-
.ceiver of the registry-duties- and the revenues
of the national domains at La Chapelle-sur-Erdre,
.near Nantes, having discharged a male servant named
Poisson, for general misconduct and dishonesty, and
'refused to'sign any certificate of good conduct, in the
evening of Sunday luta as he was, conversing with
%some friends in the middle of the street of La Chapelle,
Poisson came up to him, and pereinptorily demanded
the certificate, which M. 'ollivry as positively re-
faced. The fellow immediately took a pistol from
cinder his blouse, put the muzzle to the ear
of his late master, and fired. M. 011ivry fell, but made
efort to rise. again. Seeing this, Poisson discharged
areethe:' pistol at the object of his vengeance, and re-
mained wishing at him, till two ladies, who were pre-
sent, nnateed by the frightful scene, made an attempt
-to seTze the assassin, who then fled. M. 011ivry re-
attained senseless far a short time, but, recovering
Iris faculties, it was soon ascertained that he had
received no serious wound, the first ball having only
seemel his head, and lodged in the wall of the church
hearielsich he. stood. The second ball had entirely
missed hinte Poisson took refuge in a small wood
nease the towste-
but finding that' it was completely
learreninded, and Vs escape rendered impossible, he re-
loaded one of his nistols, and blew out his brains.
The assassin was little 'sore than 18 years of age.
A woman has been foetid guilty by the Court of
Azeizes for Calvados of an attempt to murder her
husband, under the following -sNiTavatect Circum-
stancee :—Maheut, an inhabitant of a ssny-sur-Vignes
near Caen, became the ridicule of his neighbours
front tile, patience with which he bore the'ejll-treat-
moist, and even the notorious infidelities of his'sseeifet a
vseung woman aged 23. Knowing, however, that •Ohe
teal an intimacy with a youth not more than eighteeN
veers old, he threatened' the paramour to acquaint his
-
master with his misconduct. A- few days after' Ma-
.he at WV, knocked down, and seriously hurt by a blow
of the bead. Although,this confined him to his bed
foe some time, he obstinately refused to comply with
the instances of his friends and of the Magistrates to
del:qui-ice the author of.this act of malice. After living
far some months separated from his wife, he deter-
mined to, remove to Saint-Sylvain, his native place.
On sth Mach he made up a small parcel of his
clothes and •Ktien, and started as early as five in the
morning. Wlii2e on his way he was stopped by the
voice of his wife, Who coming up to him, complained of
his leaving her withteut bidding her adieu. The Man
euffered her to approach and embrace him, but the
unprincipled woman took the opportunity to
stab him in several places, and left him weltering in
2zis blood, believing that she had killed him. For-
tue;Uttely some men going:to work found him lying
on the road," and ascertaining that he was not (lead,
cam rigid him bad: to Cesny. The medical men who
were called in found that none of his wounds were
dee;erieus. On being restored to his senses, he de-
egasineed ehis' and she was arrested and committed
to take her-trial. • She strenuously derlied her guilt,
hut the evidence of Maheut was so strongly confirmed
by other testimony, that the
,Jury declared her guilty
ot` a deirrserete att'erept to commit murder, but addedthere were xet eenuating circumstances. Upon this the
Court 'reduced the, penalty to two degrees, and con-
demned. her to imprisonment with labour for twelVe
years,- and to be exposed on the pillory.
A lettor from. Ariew (Algeria) May 9, in the Co;.,
eitationat i. contains the following :—" Our province
hasheen lately the theatre of some events of interest.
Abd,el-Kader attempted a diversion, not ill-imagined,
on the allicsd tribes between Oran, tascara, and Mos-
taganeen. But. the Emir cannot act as in the days of
his prosperiV. '-At present his plans are knowin
at. once, for - the territory he desires to re-conquer '
is filled' with tribes devoted to our cause. It was
impcssible, ,therefore, to conceal his operations, and
General •Lanioriciete, setting. out from Mascara,. at-
tacked and, overcame the principal body, which im-
Ine'diately, dispersed ; the remnants re•assembled
under the . command of Ben Harneidi in the Che •
and made an attempt to surprise a- large
tribe of 'lecterns, who reelide in a rich valley below
Mottaganenr. The Chef-de-Bataillori Claparede,
&nimancling this. place, Was informed in time,
and Went out to . meet the Arabs. The latter,
I:CA?. ever, 'though superior ;in numbers, avoided the
meeting, and again disbanded, to re-assemble about a
league above Arzeer.'''. The dettiohment in defeuce of
the- place conltnht, *Om the smallness of its numbers,
len.ye the" town, so it contented itself with doubling the
g4arde round-the cattle, which it thought. might be an
object with the enemy. The precaution was useful,
in a short time the sharpshooters of Ben Ilameidi.
appeared,' and beg tee firing on our men. The distance
at which they stood Was. too great to do damage, and
the army hastily rewired, on hearing that two squaa
deons" of Spaliia, followed by the Garabats' com-
manded by the fame us Ali-Bolem, and a mhundred of
Douair horsemen, revere coming 'from Sidi-Marouf
to attack them. These facts, though appa-
rently, . insignificant at the first view, give an
exact klea of the parts ,played ' by the two
parties. • Our Donairs and auxiliaries attack,
with. a feeding of contempt, those who oppose
them, and in- every. instance :have the advantage..
Seeer.g..l I:avj, lately come to Oran to:give in their
suhsaiseiten, aeid the Emir will L.oon heVe no person
under his command but his immediate, partisans:
A letter frAm Amsterdam, May 18, in. ,the Globe,
says " The 'Duke .nf O-rleans will, it is stated,
repair to Lttiemhourg in the* beginning of next
month, to p:a.y-, a visit to the • King of Holland
to be ,01(:_,N at; that period. The ex-King of
llollated is eipected in a few days at the Chateau
nt'" boo, and it •• is almost-. certain' that he will visit
tte. Hague. M. de Rothschild is still here; the sole
'object of his .Ylsit is the arrangement with the Mi-
nister Qi-rll)4l.we, of the capitalization of the portion
of interest of .the. 'Public debt payable by Belgium."
The Bishop of Bade has just published
,a pastoral
letter, announcing 'to hie flock that the Pope ha.s pro-
mised plenary indUlgences to all persons offering up
prayers for the Church of Spain.
letter from Berlin, 13th inst., in the Augsburg
A
Gazette, states that: M. de R,ochoW will continue to
act as Minister of the Interior until the Ist July,
when Count &Arnim will commence his functions.
This letter mentions
a report that the King, of Prus-
sia has tai,Tered 'to lend aunilion of crowns to the city
of Hams urgh for three years, without interest.
The German papers give accounts of several fires
which have occurred within the last ,ten Pozey,
in Crof itia, where in an exceedingly shorktime, not less
than 1 68 houses became a prey to the flarnqs, and 15
person s perished. Another occurred at Ameger,., in
De= ark, where 30 houses were destroyed, and a third
at W irenlof, a town in Argau, where 16 houses WeiTe
reduced to ashes. .
D espatches have been received by the .Government
from, General Bugeaucl, dated Mostaganem,,May I',2e
and 'enclosing reports from Major-General de Baila
the Commandant of Algiers, in the nbgence:
the (governor: General, dated -Algiers, 15th instant,
from. General Changarnier, dated Blidahi. 14th,
and I 'rorn General d'Arbouville, dated gaseara,;9th.:
The Governor-General merely announces :his' in-
tentio 9. of getting out on his intended -expedi-
tion on the lath, which would enable him; he says,
to give two daye' rest to the troops under•Getieral
d'Arbouville, who are to form- part of the expedition.
Gene de Bar states that, on the 14th, Lieut. de Miraudol,
who had been taken prisoner near Mascara, arrived at
Blidalt, having been released by order of Abd-el-Kader,
and announced that 84 other captives, also released,
were Waiting on. the banks of the Chelifffor the means
of conveyance to Blidah. The report states that Lieut.
de Mira rtdol did not appear to have any very 'positive
notions as to the motives' which bad induced Alxl-el-
Kader taseet these prisoners at liberty. The report from
Geties-al Changarnier announces his having been per-

fectly successful with his convoy for re.victualling •
,-Medeali..lle-met with no obstruction, and .during his
march attacked the tribe of the Mouzaia9o4l-liii,g:five,-.-
taking thirty prisoners, and carrying off 40 head of
cattle. General d'Arbouville's report mentions several
slight affairs, the result of which Was the capture of
about 120 prisoners, and 3,000 head of cattle, and
the submission of some' tribes who had until then
persevered in their hostility. On his way to
Mascara he found three pieces of small artillery,
which had been concealed, at Saida by Abd-el-Kader,
when he evacuated. that .place.
We. extract the 'following statement of the num-
bers of the Catholie..elergy in France, and the pro-
vision made fur them, from the Budget of the
Minister Of Public Worship. The total amount of
these ecclesiastics is 36,014. They comprise 15 Arch-
bishops, of whom the Archbishop of Paris has at pre-
sent an income of 25,0001. a•year, which, however, is
proposed to be increased to 40,0001., and the other 14
have from 14,000 f. to 15,000 f. ;65 Bishops, having
10,000 f. ; but the three Cardinal Bishops of Rouen,
Lyons, and Arras, haVe an additional 10,0001. SUch
prelates 'as have two departments in their diocese
receive 1,5001. for the expences at their visitations,
and the rest have I,ooof. Sums of from B,ooof.
to 10,000 E are granted to Archbishops and Bishops
towards the charges' of their first establishment.
There are 175 Vicars-general. Those in the Arch-
bishopric of Paris receive 4,000 E, in the other Arch-
bishoprics, 3,0001., and in the Bishoprics, 2,000 f. for
each ; 661 Canons, those of Paris having 2,400 E, and
the rest 1,500,f. ; 3,301 Cures, with incomes of from
1,200 E to 1,500 E ; 26,000 desservans or curates—
such as are under 60 years of age receiving 800E—
between 60 and 70 years, 9001.—and of 70 and up-
wards, I,ooof. ; 27,600 Cures are established or au-
thorised ; '5,77d Vicars, with allowances of 350 f.
(6,276 are authorised).; 21 Bishops' Canons, having
8,000 f., being dignitaries and canons of the second
order belonging to the Chapter of Saint Denis. There
are also 3,000 seminarists.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF SATURDAY.

GLOBE.--Sir Robert Peel's perpetual disposition
to do the pTausible has got him and his majority into
a mess on. the Compromise and Bribery question.
It is clear they do not wish to punish bribery when
they can possibly help it ! Ipswich to wit ! It
is equally clear that they do not like inquiry into
bribery. This was sufficiently evident from the
reception of the several speeches last night on Mr.
C. Buller's motion to include Bridport in that in-
quiry. They are, however, constrained to vote on
the. plausible side with the Prime Minister. Now
that vote is a second contradiction to their conduct
towards Ipswich. The case of that borough was
expressly referred to their consideration by the Com-
mittee which reported it. On the evidence adduced
before it, the election had been declared void; and it
was notorious that as much evidence again might be ..
had for asking. Now here was -a case which came
regularly. before the House for special inquiry. That
inquiry was negatived. In the case of Bridport,
on the other hand, the petition of Mr. Warburton
is a sort of answer to the advertisement which the
House has published for fancy inquiries. We defy
the Minister (or a clever tempter) to explain.
on what possible-.principle inquiry is granted in
this case, after inquiry has been refused in the. other.
And what sort of inquiry is it, after all, that is going
to be made ? Here. iVe frankly confess that, after
reading the second claUse of Mr. Roebuck's Bill, and
the last night's speeeh of Lord Stanley, we are as
much in the dark as the House must be. It is not to
be a ,judicial inquiry at fill ;-for a judicial inquiry
draws after it a judicial sentence; and no sentence,
it seems, is to he passed on anybody, whe-
ther bribers or bribees. For what purpose, then, is
Bridport added to the subjects of this inquiry ?
Not for the purpose of adjuiicating between the
conflicting parties. Not for the purpose of reinstat-
ing one, or of branding another—not for the pur-
pose (said Lord Stanley) of visiting of Mr. Warburton,
or either of those Honourable Members, with any penal
consequences—"the less," said Sir R. Peel, "those pro-
ceedings possessed of a criminatnry character towards
ludividuals the better. The House ought not to con-
template individual punishment ; he did not mean in-
dividual punishment so much as individual degra-
dation ; that ought not to be the object in view,
because it was out of the question to deny
that, for the last twenty or thirty years, compro-
mises of this sort had constantly been entered into."
Here is a precious mess new ! Here is a special in-
quiry into local and personal cases—without any in-
tention to found special proceedings upon its result—
without any purpose either of unseating Members, or
of disfranchising boroughs—nay with an express
opinion, on the part of its institutors, that the less it
partakes of a criminatory character towards indivi-
duals the better, and with an express provision for
indemnifying those subjected to it from all its eonse-
quences !

STANDARD.—AIIusion was last night made in
the Houses of Parliament to the improving condition
of the Irish peasantry. That the character of the
Irish population is improved we rejoice to believe ; and
that a part of the improvement is due to the land-
lords we as cheerfully admit. Irish landlords are
no better and no worse than other men. While
it seemed for their interest, as it did until the
establishment of a system of Poor-laws, and until
they found that degradation could be carried so low
as to make the peasantry mere unreasoning instru-
ments in the hands of their enemies, they were
indifferent to a debasement of the' population
w:Sch, at leapt, seemed to give them higher rents
than cnild be paid by a higher order of
human brings. The introduction of the poor-
law, hovieve, and some sharp lessons they have
had at elections, have taught them that in the de-
basement of the peasantry they have no longer an
advantage, but the reverse, and they naturally now
exert themselves to raise the character of the popula-
tion. This, in part, accounts for the improvement
that is acknowledged to have taken place. But
another beneficial influence, and a far more efficient
one, has been at work, in the exertions of the always
()wad landlords, and of the societies of good Men who
have devoted themselves to the instruction of
the people. In Ireland, the extension of true
religion has not merely made Protestants, it has made
Roman Catholics .better than they were. What we
have to say of the temperance movement involves
something. more like a paradox. The prevailing
opinion is, that until lately the Irish were
universally a nation of drunkards. This opinion
is founded on the fact, that the Irish labourers
in this country have been seen to indulge more in.
the use of ardent spirits than our native peasantry,
and on all that we have heard of fighting at Irish
fairs. The truth,, however, is, that the. Irish
peasantry were never at any time habitual
drunkards--they have been always, we firmly
believe, less deserving of the opprobrious cha-
racter than even the English or the Scotch. The
Irish labourer whom we :see here, is one who
finds himself for the first time in the possession of
a superfluous shilling, and before habits of saving are
acquired it is the most natural thing in the world
for him to carry it to the gin-shop. As to the fights
at fairs, they prove nothing of intemperance, for
they are generally arranged beforehand, and fought
out by men and women most usually sober.
Drunkenness, indeed, in the Irishman's life,
was fox' the most part merely casual, and rarely
habitual, probably occurring once or twice a year,
and therefore signalised by mere violence. Were
it not for this, Mr. Mathew's success would be
miraculous ; but where there was no habit to be
conquered, it is easy to believe and to under-
stand. the facility with which the temperance
roll has been filled. This does not in the
least detract from the merit of the teacher of tem-
perance, although it somewhat diminishes the im-
portance
of his achievement. Nor must we leave out
df sight the influence of the great religious movement
of which we have spoken, which, to its extent, has
disposed men to temperance, as well as to all the other
practical virtues.

The female adventurer Desjardins, who has figured
before the public under the names of Countess d'Arjuzon,
Countess de Mussy, Baroness Victoire de Vandeck, and nu-
merous other aliases; who has been condemned by default to
ten years' close confinement for an attempt to impose a sup-
postitious child upon a family, and also sentenced by default
to further ten years' imprisonment, as an accomplice in
the,? enormous system of forgery and fraud, detected and ex-
-Tuss2d by the London Times, and who was given up to
France by the Government of Turin, but on her way to Paris
escapedd in the most unaccountable manner from the gen-
darmes of Bourgouin, in the Isere, has at length been found
-•El residing in the Maison de Sante of Dr. Pinel, in the Champs
endeavoured to disguise ysees. It appears that she arrived in Paris only a bar days
ago,and e
a deeper hue than its
,natne of Mme. Douvillue.
afterthe English fashion. natural colour, and wore mourning
She applied to Dr. Pinel under the
producingt a passport in which 'she
was so called, pretending
whvic:hssporoecrituiinredhmedical advice. Among
fectiOn of the chest be. greatly suffering from an al=
itlerk belonging
her effects was found a a
it e name of Louis Honjars,
a travelling to of Marseilles, which
she declared she had obtained with t'hue'
departure oi- the Count d'Arjuzon,
who
onnt of facilitating the
had
been previously
arrested in Paris, 'and whose escape from prison she hoped to
be able to contrive. The Count was to havebrought been
trial during .the present session, but, iii
consequence of
o
the
rupture of this accomplice, it has been postponed. The search
among her baggage produced the discovery crime.
A of another • '
.A small file was found, .upon which m
were remaining evident
aining evident
traces of its having been recently used upon silver. On the
Director and servants of the Mahon" de .Sante being interro-
grated, they deposed that.since the arrival of the prisoner,
considerable quantity of plate' belonging to the establishmenta
had been mtSsed. Further inquiries being made, a silver-
smith came forward and declared that, on the previous day,
young woman hail offered him for sale several spoons and fo-rkaa,
the engravings on which had been effaced with a file, but he
declined purchasing them. On being brought in presence with
Dejardins, he at once reeogni,ed her as the person. upon
this, as well as the other charges against her, this adventurous
woman was committed to prison, and rill be brought to trial
with Count d'Arjuzon, Ict soon as the preliminary proceedings
can be got through.

THE CONFLAGRATION AT
HAXIBURGH. •
HAMBURG*, MAY 24.—The Hulfsverein, or Com-
mittee of Aid, established here as soon as the rava-
'les of the fire were stopped, are doing every thing in
their power to mitigate the misery which so exten-
sive a conflagration has produced. The poor have
been well provided for, not only by the benevolence
of their fellow-townsmen, but by the ready liberality
of all Europe. They are all sheltered, clothed, arid
regularly fed, and their condition leaves them nothing '
to repine at. Indeed, those who will most severely
feel the effects of- this
.fire are the middling classes,
whose trade is suspended, and whose property has been
injured, or in many instances is entirely lost.
The property and furniture of a large
number of persons were insured in different local
insurance companies ; and it is feared that the vast
destruction of property which has taken place will
render it impossible for some of these companies to
meet their engagements, and thus parties, who a few
days ago were living in a state of comfort and re-
spectability, find themselves reduced in a moment
almost to beggary. The Hulfsverein, havingprovided
for the immediate wants of the destitute, are now at-
tempting, as far as their means will enable them, to
comfort and assist this class of sufferers. The Com-
mittee of Aid is divided into several sections, by which
arrangement cases k)vhere assistance is needed are more
easily discovered and investigated, and succour is offered
in different ways. To some a small advance ofmoney
is given, and others who, in the present state of
things are exposed to great embarrassment, from the
difficulty of getting their bills discounted, obtain, I
have been told, value for them when they are not of
a large amount from the Hulfsverein ; and these
opportune loans and accommodations, by which
the funds in the hands of the Committee are
economised, render the most essential service to
those who are the objects of them. Another
very useful object to which the attention of the Com-
mittee of Aid has been directed, is to diminish the
number of the destitute, by furnishing them with
employment. During the conflagration, many of the
citizens lost their implements of trade, and were thus
dispossessed of the only means by which they could
recover themselves, through their own exertions, from
the destitution to which they were reduced. These
tools a* purchased for them by the Committee of
Aid, and whenever it can be done work is procured
to enable them to support themselves.
The following paper, placed in my hands by a gen-
tleman versed in the affairs of this city, will be found
interesting, on account of the information it contains.
It will be seen that in this paper the value of the
houses destroyed is estimated at 47,000,000 marks
currency. This is no doubt correct as far as regards
the houses exclusively, but as I have before stated, on
very good authority, the value of the houses destroyed,
together with the loss attaching to the land, is much
greater :
" The loss by the late fire is immense, and falls
particularly on the State, that is, the houseowners
and the higher and middle classes of the inhabitants.
" 1. All the houses are and must, by law, be in-
sured by the State—that is to say, by mutual insur-
rance of the houseowners (Feuer Casse).
" Now the whole value of the burned and remain-
ing houses is about 200,000,000 marks currency ; the
loss is calculated at 47,000,000 currency, which makes
a loss of 254- per cent. on all the houses, burned as
well as standing. This is impossible to be paid by
the houseowners without their total ruin, as most
of the houses are mortgaged 90 to 95 per cent., and
the mortgagees are in a great part orphans and widows
and small renters. The property of the first must by
law he invested in this way.
" The State must therefore provide the greater
part. To do so by loan would make the taxes very
high. They are at present about 2/. sterling a-head,*
which is more than Great Britain pays. Direct
taxes would drive the wealthier classes from Ham-
burgh ; taxes on trade by heavier duties would banish
the trade from Hamburgh.. (The duties on export
and import are at present if per cent., partly per
cent., and partly duty free.)
Without great assistance from all Europe, it is
difficult to say what will become of the once-
flourishing free town and trade of Hamburgh. The
present generation will be ruined; and certainly it is
the interest of the whole commercial world to keep up
the free institutions and the free trade of Hamburgh,
as the first commercial. town of the whole continent.
"Every assistance to the State is a direct assistance
to the whole community, its middling classes, and all
its inhabitants. For the poorer classes provision has
immediately been made by the inhabitants and our
neighbours, and now there is plenty of work for them.
" 2. All our fire-insurance companies, I think, are
ruined ; the shareowners must pay in the whole
amount of their shares (80 per cent.). This loss
may be estimated at 5,000,000 marks banco ; and, be-
sides, the insured will probably not get more than
50 per cent. This loss falls principally on the
wealthier Masses.
" 3. The loss by the Mutual Insurance Company
of Bieber falls on the wealthy and middling
classes. The Mutual Insurance amounts to about
80,000,000 marks. The insured are answerable 4
per cent., which amounts to about 3,000,000 marks
banco ; and as the loss of the destroyed property, for
which this company alone is responsible, is estimated
at about 15,000,000 to 20,000,000, they will hardly
got 10 to 15 per cent. indemnity. Merchants, trades-
people, and private families have been principally in-
sured for their merchandise, furniture, &c., in this way.
" So the whole loss may be calculated :
Marks Banco.
" 1. HOUSE'S, 47,000,000 currency, ab0ut...36,000,000
"2. Insurance Companies, and loss by
them, about ... 9,000.000
" 3. Bieber's Company, about 15,000,000

Total 60,000,000
" If, by the assistance of foreign Governments and
subscriptions of private individuals, half the amount
could be raised, the other half would fall still heavy
on Hamburgh, but it would not ruin the present gene-
ration.
"The credit of the State and of the mercantile class
remains intact, and any loan the State wants would,
I should think, be easily made at reasonable terms,
and the interest regularly paid ; but, should no large
assistance come from foreign parts, the energy and
spirit of this free and mercantile State would be lamed
at least for a century, and the trade of the whole
world suffer by it.

" A FRIEND TO lIAMBURGH, NOT A
HAMBURGHER."

• " llifilburgh, May, 18,4."
The great question discussed here at present is the
probable extent to Which .the''Local Insurance Com-
panieswill,be.able to meet their obligations ; and as
so many persons are interested in the solution of this
question,, it is not surprising that it absorbs general
interest. The insurance • upon houses is effected,
not by private companies, but is a town con-
cern. When one house is burned down, the whole town
contributes to make up the loss, and hitherto the pay-
ment of this sort of insurance money has fallen lightly
on- individuals ; but the case will be very different
after so extensive a conflagration as that which has
lately taken place. But,,b:iides this system of insu-
rance, there exist here insurance companies for goods
and furniture, Conducted upon the same principles as
the London esablishments, with the exception of one,
Bieber's Company, which is a sort of Mutual insurance
for moveable property. After such an immense sa-
-1 crifice of properry, it is not to be wondered at that
doubts should arise as to the capability of all these
companies paying the demands on them in-full. As
no such suspicion, of course, exists in reference to
the English companies, it' is not unlikely-that these,
though great losers at present, will ultimately benefit
by the confidence which is felt in their stability, and
that a much larger amount of insurances will in
future be eftected in English companies.
SubscriptionS for the support of the sufferers from
the fire are daily collected in this city, and continue to
flow in from abroad. The total amount collected
up to Sunday lust, I am informed, reached to nearly
1,000,000 marks bunco. Accounts :from Berlin state
that the King of Prussia had offered to lend the town
of Hamburgit 1,000,000 dollars for three years with-
out interest. In Vienna the news of the calamity
which befel this town caused a deep sensation, and the
Emperor of AuStria has directed, by a letter addressed
to the Grand Chancellor, Count Ilittrowsky, on the
13th inst., collections to be made throughout the
whole of his dominions for the relief of the sufferers.
Similar letters have been addressed to the Chancellors
of the-Royal Courts of Hungary and Transylvania.
In Frankizlt the subscriptions already amount to
and Rothschild has given 25,000
....4revious accounts incor-
rectly florins,
florins,
e there had been col-
rineposteratdedo.f..,A,l;l6-als
lected,
Darmstadtup st;mtphae.th3lytfhor
thenst ,
f.otirst6ci, florins.which
1431!
happened to llamburgh pervades' all classes of society.
On the 17th inst. there had been collected in that city
11,497 florins. In Zurich stihScriptiom were also
being raised for the same benevolent purpose.
The appointment of a special commission, em-
powered to Manage- the affairs of the State, is spoken
of as a not unlikely measure to be adopted in the pre-
sent state of things. It is said that the Constitution
-contemplates the nomination of such a commission in
timesof exigency. If formed, it will consist of a cer-
tain proportion of senators and bergerschafr, and be
endowed with extensive authority.

4' The budget of the Hamburgh State is about
5,000,000 marks currency ; inhabitants about 150,000.
17 marks currency r-_-_ 1/. sterling ; 13 marks banco =
1/. sterling.

A boy only ten years old, belonging to the com-
mune of'Clercy, near Troyes, is in custody upon a charge of
wilful murder, by throwing into the river and drowning a OW
fellow, only lot years old, who had offended him.
A German Parr states that a fire took place in
the night of the 14th inst. In tile Tillage of Niedereisenhauser
(Duchy of Hesse), which oonsumed- 20 out of the 50 houses
of which the village was composed.