The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-04 00:00:00

The several rumours of expeditions to various parts
ot the Clitalt:ry Seelhl pure ni;)rica:lothi. A tleeisailli
plague is said to have broken out in Turkistan,
and to have spread to Bameean, but has not yet ex-
tended beyond the Hindoo Bosh.
The Chinese intelligence is of a character wholly
commercial, and for details on this head I may refer
you t thy, extracts from the papers.
We have now seen enough of the Governor-General

to feel assured that his policy will be most deter-
mieedly pacific. According to the accounts of the
East India Company lately published, conjoined with
the statements made by Sir Robert Peel in intro-
ducing the income-tax, on the 11th of March, 1842,
there was, nine years since, an excess of income over
expenditure amounting to a million and a half, and
that wh Elleuborough left there was an ex-
cess (,f expenditure over income amounting to nearly
a miliinn sterling. This fearful state of matters was
brought about solely by the war policy of the last six
years ; before the end of the year 1847 we may have
a bah,nce in our favour at least as large as that which
existed in 1835. Were this expended in peaceful
improvements throughout the country, yielding, as
these have been invariably found to do, a return in
direct profit of from 10 to 25 per cent., the Company
might add a half to its revenue before the expiry of
its charter. Already are all the munificent and
philanthropic projects which our wars beyond the
Indus caused us to throw aside begun to be resumed.
Mr. Thomason, Lieutenant-Governor of the north-
west provinces, has entered on a tour through the
Dooab Rohilkend, the valley of Dehra, and the
Hureenaeab districts. While secretary to Government,
this distinguished individual was one of the most
zealous supporters of the Dooab Canal scheme, which
now, it is hoped, under his auspices as Lieutenant-
Governor, will speedily be resumed. The canal,
it may be remembered, will traverse a dis-
tance of 270 miles, and cost the Company about a
quarter of a million sterling. It will supply with
the means of irrigation eight millions of acres of fer-
tile ground, at present barren for the want of water,
and relieve a population of above two millions from
the terrors of famine recurring periodically. If the
people of England knew how immeasurably desirable
and profitable was peace, how enormous were the re-
sources the expenditure of the surplus revenue of
India would develop in India itself, and how fear-
fully calamitous, how absolutely superfluous, have been
nine-tenths of our most successful wars, the value of
such a man as Hardinge would come to be appre-
ciated as it ought.
(From the Bombay Times.)

The only warlike event of any political importance
which during the past month has attracted attention,
is the continued disquietude of the southern Mahratta
country, and some further outbreaks in Sawuut
Warree, which have occasioned fresh demands on the
Bombay army. The political charge being about to
be Owed in the braids of Col. Ovans, resident at Sat-
t 7.111—C01. Outran) ruturn:fly to Bombay—the former

ffieer Was made prisoner 4411 his way to Kelapore,
and stili remains in the hands of the enemy. No
further action has taken place since our last, but an
army of some 7.000 or 8,000 are still moving about in
divisions through the country. '['he fort of tiadurghur
was surrendered to us without serious lighting. Disaf-
fection seems to be more extensively spread, and more
difficult to lie put down, than was anticipated. An out-
break in the Sa wun:. 11 arree country—a very turbulent
and unmanageable district adjoining Kolapore, has oc-
essioned scene loss of life. and compelled further de-
tachments to be sent dow n from Bombay. Her
Majesty's 13th Regiment, ready for embarkation for
England, is to be detained another year to garrison
Bombay. Her Majesty's 40th remains till next year
at Calcutta. The Seikh chiefs seem to have settled
their own ciaarrels without interference, and the Pun-
jaub is, at the date of our latest intelligence, more
Peaceful, and less likely to occasion collision than it
has been at any time for the last twenty months—
perhaps since the death of Kurruck Singh in Novem-
ber, 1840, Sir Henry Hardinge continues at Cal-
cutta, devoting himself to the domestic improvements
of the country, the extension of education, and of
the means of inland transport, and striving to increase
the comforts of the private soldiers of the army. He
is proceeding quietly and considerately in the work
of government; as yet his rule has passed nearly
without censure, and the commendations he has earned
are likely to increase. Being in all respects as unlike
as possible to a predecessor whose policy we are
assured he was sent out to pursue, he promises
to be an eminently upright, useful, and energetic
Governor-General. Should he be spared to us he
may yet deserve infinitely higher praise. The most
ardent lovers of- martial glory are beginning
to despair of gaining laurels in the field, un-
der the present rule, unless our neighbours should
force war upon us. Everything continues tranquil
in Sinde. Sickness is on the increase both at Shikar-
pore and Sukkur. At the former place, out of about
1,400 troops, nearly 800 are unfit for duty; at the
latter, 11. M.'s 78th have only 70 men out of nearly
900 fit for service. Hyderabad and Kurrachee con-
tinue healthy. Sir C. Napier left the latter place on
the 15th ult. for the upper country. Cholera pre-
vails in some regiments of the Madras army in the
Southern Mahratta country. The Commander-in-
Chief of India left Simla on the 12th, and is now on
a tour of inspection on the north-west frontier.
H. M.'s 40th are on their way down the river to Cal-
cutta, where they will be detained for a twelve-
month to garrison Fort William. The left wing of
the Queen's Royals have suddenly proceeded to the
Sawunt Warree country on service; they are still
very sickly. The cold season is proceeding very
agreeably, and p•ace•an:i trAitquillity appear to pre-
v;il throtigiiout India at large. We have news from
China to the 12th O:tober. Commerce appears to be
extend,g, and the Chinese aversion to intercourse
,aith foreigeers seems on the decrease.

second day after this, before our fire had opened, the t
chiefs of the insurgents came into camp ; the tenor
of the arrangements made with them did not tran-
spire, but they left the same evening (that of the 10th),
attended by a company of the Madros Rifles, and two
of the 23d Madras N. 1., meant to occupy the fortress.
On arriving at the gate, our troops were kept waiting
for nearly four hours before admission could be ob-
tained. The delay appears to have been occaioned by
Babajee Wurrekur, the refractory Kolapore Sirdar, with
500 of his followers. A light detachment of cavalry
and infantry was sent in pursuit of the fugitives, but
apparently without effect. The fort was found to be of
great strength, the walls being built in a scarp rock,
varying in altitude from 30 to 60 feet. Nine guns and
two tumbrils, well stored with grape, were found in the
fort. The rapid progress of our troops, connected with
the conciliatory system of Colonel Outram, are said to
have occasioned the surrender of the fort, which might,
with the ample resources the enemy had at hand, have
been maintained against as for a very considerable time.
It was of much greater strength than Samunghur, and
maintained by about 1,000 Ghudkurries, who had just
before been joined by about 3,000 of the malcontents,
who fled from Kolapore on our approach. Meanwhile
circumstances, the nature of which has not transpired,
occasioned the substitution of Colonel Ovens, resident at
Sattarah, for Colonel Outran), as political agent in the
Kolapore territory, which was, it is said, intended to be
placed permanently under the supervision of the Sat-
tarah agency. Colonel Ovens, on proceeding to
the scene of his future exertions, was waylaid on
the 17th, and made prisoner by the insurgents. He
was conveyed to a very strong fort near Kolapore,
where be still remains, respectfully and kindly
treated, but in captivity. General Delamotte's force left
Batherghud on the 19th, on its way to Kolapore. A
light detachment was sent out towards Paunalgund,
with a view of obtaining the liberation of Colonel Ovens.
The Kolapore territory lies chiefly above the range of
hills which divide the Concan or lowlands along the sea
shore from the table land of the Deccan.. It consists of
a great plain, skirted on the western side by the moun-
tains, and studded with hills of that singular character
which gives such picturesqueness to the western ghauts,
and such military strength to the countries where they
abound. They rise, in general, suddenly from the
plains, attaining an altitude of 400 or 500 feet : they
are precipitous towards the summit, only the base being
covered with debris or detritus, and sloping gradually.
At the top they are suddenly cut off, and exhibit a large
expanse of perfectly smooth grass-covered summit, often
many square miles in extent. The view from one of
these plateaux presents the singular spectacle of a mul-
titude of islands sprung up from the plain, all similarly
sliced off, and presenting precisely the same appearance
at nearly equal elevations. The lower rock, where this
exists, is for the most part trap, and the upper are in-
variably laterite---a formation little known to European
geologists—which overspreads the greater part of the
mountains from the extreme south-west of India for ten
degrees north.* Bordering with Kolapore on the west is
the small territory of Sawunt Warree, in the province of
Beejapore. It is about 40 miles. in length, extending
from the Portuguese settlement at Goa, on the south, to
the British possessions of Mahvan on the north, and in-
laud about 25 miles from the mountains. The general
appearance of its surface is rocky and barren. The
people are barbarous, fierce, and warlike, noted as rob-
bers and pirates from time immemorial. In 1838 we
round ourselves compelled, for the fourth time within
twenty years, to interfere in its affairs, so as to protect
the chief from the insubordination of his subjects. At
this time some of the disappointed having found refuge
in the state of Gos, repeatedly made incursions into
their native territory, and at one time got possession of
the fort of Hunwuntghur, at another of Warren itself,
blockading the passes, plundering travellers, and raising.
reveeue an their OWli account. These disturbances were
got under by the temperate tt(' judicious management of
Mr. Spooner, whose removal wes unfortunately brought
about in 1840 in consequence of some blundering in the
execution of his orders, which occasioned such a loss oflives
under such circumstances as to occasion a long and pain-
tUi inquiry, which not only caused the su,pensi.,ft of the
eatical officer, but the dismissal Lieuteneet Gib-
ci trorn the service. Sinew then Mr. o,urtealty has
been resident—a man of ability, but less successful in
maintaining peace than his predecessor. Soon after the
Kolapote insurrection came to a head, reports of dis-
contents in the Sawunt \Verret) country just described,
began to gain currency. There seems to have been little
in common betwixt the two countries further than this,
that rebellion is often infectious ; and the disappointed,
who may have fbw grievances to complain of, rise in
arms in one country when they find their neighbours
seeking redress in the field. But little cordiality ap-
pears to have existed between the occupant and heir of
the throne. Phunde Savant, a chief who had in 1838
occasioned us much annoyance, having received some
affront, real or imaginary, and taken umbrage at the
proceedings of the court, raised his followers, and pro-
ceeded to plunder the country. He managed to get the
young Prince, who bad also taken offence at something
or another, into his hands, wishing to make it appear
that he was acting with, and not against, the Govern-
ment, and merely wanted to get a larger share of the ad-
ministration for, the ruler's son. The lad, it is said,
already heartily repents having given countenance to
treason, and would willingly come in and do penance,
but that he is afraid of punishment. Intelligence of
these
,things having reached. Bombay, a wing of the
Second Queen's Royals quartered at. Colabah were
immediately dispatched for the scene of action on board
the Akbar steamer. One half, of them had, shortly
before, been in hospital : the moment it was an-
nounced to Colonel Carruthers that the wing was
about to proceed on service, every man able to quit his
cot volunteered. Many were found unfit—and some were
allowed to proceed who were scarcely able to bear arms,
in hopes that the sea air and change of scene might
revive them. They will probably be left behind on the
coast at Viagorla. Meanwhile, some small detachments
of Sepoys had been attacked and roughly handled by the
insurgents, somv five or six having been killed and
fifteen or twenty, wounded. A treasure party about to
proceed from Vingorla to Belgaum was stopped, all the
escort that could. be afforded being considered insufficient
for its protectiom Some companies of the 23d Bengal
N.I. were directed to return from Belgaum to Vingorla
and Mr. Shaw, C. S., proceeded from Dharwar on pur-
pose to accompany the force. Major Benbow and Capt.
Price, with 350 men of the Sawunt Warree local corps,
made a forced march, with a view of surprising the in-
surgents—the result has not yet reached us. The 7th
Bombay N. I. reached Vingorla from the Presidency
on the 15th of November. There were now nearly
mt
reono
posf al l
were a r st
lilt)
et ho en s
idisaffected cboeu n trreyq
u;
rbe t.
mB'oore
The Bombay army could supply no more ; her Ma-
jestv's 13th, on the eve of their departure for England,
Fort
George. ordered from Kurrachee to do garrison duty at ort
George. The Madras . Government directed the 3d
cavalry and etch N.I. to move on Kolapore by Hurryhur
and Dharwar. The former left Bangalore on the 18th;
the latter started on the 25th. Unfortunately cholera
prevails in most of the villages on their route. The
lines of the 35th M. N.I. are infested with it at Hurryhur,
and considerable loss has been sustained from it amongst
the European troops at Kolapore. Captain Mundell
and Ensign Welt), of her Majesty's 22d, are the only
officers that halfe as yet been carried off. There is
scarcely more prospect at present, so far as we can see,
of a speedy termination to these disturbances, than
therre was two months since. The case, in fact, is one
on which our information is exceedingly defective and
incomplete. his said, however, that the i:isurgents have
on the present occasion few real gri,vances, s,.vt: those
of innovation, to complain of—innovation, not only well
intended, but actually advantageous to them. The Raja
of Sattarah, whose loyalty was at one time questioned
by the ill-informed, has throughout acted with the
utmost zeal and fidelity in our cause. -