The Sun.
London, England, 1827-09-06 00:00:00

denied that iL would be better, if we could, to

employ our poor at home ; but when the market
is already so overstocked, and when it is impos-
sible to find occupation for them at home, hu-
manity as well as policy direct us to find it for
them abroad. The only question is, whether
the chances of relief afforded by emigration be
worth the circumstances under which it can only

be given—namely, leaving their own country and
fixhigln a foreign land. We certainly think,
that of the choice of evils, this is decidedly the

lesser.—Morning Post.
The bond which most firmly coruiects the
difFerent parts of an empire, is mutual interest.
We often hear of the Protestant ascendancy in

:reland being necessary to the connection with

England ; that is, that it is necessary to bribe a
fraction of the population with the means of op-
pressing the remainder, in order to keep those
from revolting whom the oppression has made
discontented. The interest of the population
of Ireland is so essentially bound up with the
English connection, that nothing but the irrita-
tion caused by exclusive laws would allow the
most crack-brained Irishman who ever spouted
as a Demagogue to think even of separation.—
Were Ireland to be separated from the rest of the
empire, and her sons to he excluded from the
field which England and the English. dependen-
cies offer to their ambition, and their enterprize—
were England to be closed to her produce, what
suffering and discontent would necessarily follow !
Connected as Ireland is with the larger island,

by language, law, habits, and commerce, a dis-
ruption from it would be as absurd as a dissolu-
tion of the connection with Scotland and Wales ;
or to use the happy expression of the late Mr.
Canning, the restoration of the English Heptar-
chy. It is long since any Scotchman brooded
over the idea of the independence of his section
_ _

of the island ; and any man, who should propose
the quartering a large army in Scotland, to retain
the people in obedience, would be set down at
once as fit for a residence in Bedlam. But we
all know that all classes in Scotland were at one

time hostile to the connection with England,
and were retained in their allegiance by sheer
force. In the secret history of Colonel Hooker's
Negociatioli, there is abundant evidence to show
that the Jacobites hated the Union from love to
the Stuarts ; the Independents, the most dis-
tinguished of whom was Fletcher of Salton,
equally hated it ; and the Presbyterians even
were as hostile to it as the others, from a solici-
tude for their religion, which they thought would
be destroyed by uniformity. The Provincial
Synods and Presbyterians everywhere declared
themselves against the Union, and the General
Assembly approved of their proceedings. But
commerce and community of interests have ren-
dered it as impossible to separate Scotland from
England, as the countries beyond the Trent from

thoLe to the South. It is happily observed in
an able article in The London Magazine for
September, when speaking of the various under-
takings in America, for facilitating communica-
tion by land and water between various parts of
the North American Union, that " the political
consequences of those enterprises promise to be
important. The cheap and rapid communica-
tion between the different parts of a federation,
manifestly amalgamates the people, and lessens
the danger of a separation, which some persons
have been led very much to exaggerate, either
through their hopes or their fears. The advan-
:taps of free and rapid inter-communications
practically felt, the amount of property invested
by the inhabitants of different States in these
Common works of utility, and the interchange of
transactions which they may create, will all afford
motives to continued union, too important to be
sacrificed to speculative considerations. Rapidity
and facility of intercourse is the remedy for pro-
vincial animosities, iihich are founded on stupid
pride and ignorance. In a country where the
inhabitants are active, and the means of commu-
nication easy, these animosities cannot long
exist as a passion ; they may, for a time,
subsist as an affectation." • 'Whenever we hear
that a large force is necessary to secure
the dependency of part of an Empire, we may
safely pronounce that the cause is to be found in
a vicious system of government. It is so essen-
tially the interest of the influential people to dis-
courage whatever tends to disturb the intercom-
munication, that nothing but some very gross
misconduct can be of sufficient power to over-
come it. It is happily ordered that the pros-
perity of States is best promoted by allowing the
different members of the community to act on
their own ideas of their own interests; and the
best and most secure Government is that which
leaves individuals the most liberty, and only in-
terferes to secure them from the violence or in-
justice of each other. Expensive establishments
for the purpose of preserving order in a country
are ir, themselves a proof that the Government
is conducted on false principles. However ob-
vious these truths may seem, the system of go-
vernment followed in the Colonies of this coun-
try is utterly at variance with them. There is
necessarily great corruption and great jobbing in
our own Colonies from the feeling of irresponsi-
bility : but, as far as we can perceive, the chief
case of discontent is the interference of the go-
verning party with the pursuits of individuals.
The Governors are, for the most part, military
men ; and it ought to be a presumption of un-
fitness for governing that a man bas been bred a
soldier, only to be rebutted by the strongest
testimonies of exemption from the vices acquired
in a military education. A soldier always con-
ceives men as part of a machine, and cannot con,
ceive how any thing can be done except by regulation
and controul.
1.8 has no idea of individuality.
Knowing that half a million of men may be put
in motion by one man, he conceives that he can
direct wi,th equal ease, and to equal advantage;
the inhabitants :of a province or a colony. He
cannot shake himself fee of the idea, that he
knows the business of every intlivhival better
than the individual himself does. It never occurs
to him, that the general prosperity is best pro-
moted by allowing individuals to act on their
own ideas of their own advantage. With this
vice all Military Governors, with few exceptions,
are infected ; and, unfortunately, it is to military
men that we are fondest of entrusting power. They
ought to be used as mere machines, and placed in
subordination to Civil Functionaries. They are
not good heads of Police, for what they do
in this
way }night generally be done in a simple
and less expensive W4ppp.. We yesterday
alluded to the discontent of Canada, and urged
tare necessity
of a reform in our colonial system,
which, in proparioo. as it is expensive, is inju-
rious The
to the Colonies. PPPple of England
are utterly ignorant of the manner in which the
Colonies are oppressed ; and now that a reduc-
tion of our expenditure is imperatively required,
it:is necessary that we should took the difficulties
arising out of our Colonies fairly in the face.
It is well observed by the. writer in The West-
minster Review, to whose article on Canada
we yesterday alluded, that " it is continually