The Sun.
London, England, 1842-02-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 15, 1842.

that this was a state of things which could
of long be tolerated.--(" Hear, hear," and laughter on the
Tory side.) It was vain to suppose that this question would
te disposed of nut of doors as easily as it was in that House.—
( Cheers. )s The feeling of the people was growing terrible.—
( Ironical cheers and laughter.) It was not for them-( the
Opposition) to menace though they might foretel ; and he
would say that the prospect was full of darkness and dan-
ger, and there could be no solution 'of this question but that
the bread of the people should not be taxed.—( Loud cheering
f. om the Opposition )
Mr. FERRAND then rose amidst loud cries of " Adjourn."
He had been requested by the working classes of the north
of England to stand up and defend them from their
oppressors.—(Tory Cheers and laughter from the Opposition.)
He hoped he would receive a patient hearing from the House,
for which ho and the working classes would be truly grateful.
From his youth he had lived amongst the working classes, and
the first public act of his life was to stand up and defend them
from the allegations of their oppressors. He had their autho-
rity to say that the allegations of the petitioners from the Anti-
Corn-law League were false, and that the signatures to them
were obtained by fraud and oppression. The manufacturers
belonging to the League exacted the signatures of their work-
people, with a tyranny that was an outrage upon the
~berty of the subject.—( Tory cheers.) Before be
eroceeded to prove that, be wished to advert to
what had been said by the Noble Lord the Member for Lon-
don. The Noble Lord said that this was a question for the
country, and not for the Legislature to decide. Well, the Noble
Lord appealed to the country, and there he had its answer.—
( Great cheering on the Tory side.) The Noble Lord ap-
pealed to the country on the fixed duty, and the Right Hpn.
Baronet (Sir R. Peel) appealed upon the sliding scale. The
Noble Lord was backed by a majority of nine in the City of
'condo—some said of nine dead men.—( Great laughter and
.heering.) The Right Hon. Baronet was backed by a majo-
•ityof 91 living representatives in that House. But the Noble
Lord, boiling with rage at his ignominious defeat, declared.
• hat the majority on that (the Tory) side had been obtained by
fifty false pretences. But in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
Lord Morpeth, in the presence of his Hon. Friends below
him (Mr. S. Wortley and Mr. Beckett), who were now the
Members for the West Riding and for Leeds, said there could
be no mistake as to the question at issue—it was whether the
icaowusntryTwhoeud have
rlewasnoa
mistake
moderate
takethfixened indtuhtey or t
decision
he present C
of the
Westorn-
(tiding.—(Cheers.) But Mr. Baines, of the Leeds Mercury
—( A laugh)—had said that there could be no mistake about
the West (tiding—that there the sentiments of the manufactur-
ing classes would be expressed—( Great laughter and cheering
on the Ministerial side) —and they, the manufacturers, declared
its favour of the present Corn-laws.—( Renewed cheers.) When
the Anii-Corn-law League was agitating the country, they
published most infamousplacards in every district, denouncing the
landlords as " base, brutal ;and bloody''—(Cheers)—and the)
were now raising the money to pay for their agitation, by ex-
posing their wives and daughters in Manchester to the insults
of any half-drunken rascals that chose to pay a shilling for the
the amusemect.—( Great laughter.) What was the compari-
-on Letween their gains and those of the landlords? Why,
here was the firm of Messrs. Marshall of Leeds, who
had made, in the course of a very few years, two millions of
money, and had become landed proprietors. The Hon. Member
then read an advertisement from the proprietor of a large
tad well watered estate in Belgium, inviting English
manufacturers to join him in establishing factories upon it.
The advertisement stated that about 700 operatives could be
had from the surrounding villages, and that in making a mill of
10,000 or 12,000 spindles a saving of 2,0001. a year would be
•ffected; and farther, the Belgian flax-mills were protected by
• a duty 'of 10 percent., that farther duties were expected, and
hat, above all, wages were much lower than in England. This
.vas a specimen of the real feeling of the Anti-Corn-law ma-
nufacturers of the north. Yet the Hon. Member for Manches-
ter stood as high in credit as ever. The Hon. Member for Sal-
f ird, having amassed an enormous fortune by the manufacturing
nisiness, had now retired, determined to devote the remainder
of his life to a removal of its evils.—(Hear, hear, and laughter. )
The Hon. Member for Stockport had amassed a million by ma-
nufactures, and while he complained last year that Lancashire
vas ruined, he was running his mills day and night.—(Hear.)
Indeed, he carried the principles of free trade so far that he
night be called a 'freebooter—c Hear, hear)—for he had got
70,0001. out of ,the public money. As a farther specimen of
.heir feeling, he (Mr. F.) would dissect an Anti-Corn• law
detition adopted at:a meeting in the town of Bingley last sum-
ner., The petition was full of the usual phrases about navi-
;ating the earth, and exchanging bobbins for cheese across the
alps.—( Laughter and cheers.) Of the thirteen persons
signing the petition, the first had erected one of the largest
rolls in the country, and he held another.—( Hear, hear.)
fhe second had four cotton-mills, said to produce an income
of 18,0001. a year ; he had an estate in England, was con-
sidered to be worth 25,0001. a year, and was still accumu-
ating wealth. The third was a linendraper a few years since,
but within a few years he purchased a mill, fitted up two more,
find was carrying on a rattling trade.—( Laughter.) The fourth
was an operative_ paper-maker twelve years ago, but within the
;,st five years he purchased a large paper-mill, had a pretty
anded estate, and kept his carriage and pair. 'I he fifth had
erected a large mill and had filled it with power-looms. The
next, from being a grocer, accumulated a nice fortune, educa-
ted his children in first-rate style, and, being a Dissenter, in-
troduced his son to a living in the Established Church. The
hers were manufacturers, mill-owners, 'and rich men, or
sere the relatives and dependants of the foregoing. But this
vas not all—one of the leaders, while accusing the landlords
of grinding the poor, took a mill himself, and instead of em-
eloying his own poor neighbours, he went to Lancashire, where,
•n consequence of the infamous conspiracy between the Poor-
aw Commissioners and the cotton-spinners, for equalising
sages, and reducing the' 10 per cent. that had been advanced
to the poor weavers, he picked up a number of poor fami-
ies,. who had been reduced to suchalistress that they were glad
o eat food off their dunghills, and brought them to Bingley to
:mass another fortune out of their sinews, casting off those whom
'le had brought up and educated around him, to suffer the most
eightftil distress.--(Hear, hear.) Those opposite him might
,veil blush at this disclosure, for it exposed that the secret of the
ilaneliester Anti-Corn-law League was to reduce waees—
j:ireat cheering front the Tory Benches) -the level of
hose on the Continent, to fill their mills with power-mills,
o cast off the working penile to wander seeking. for work in
.niserable distress.—( Hear, hear.) The Anti-Corn-Law
'.eague said that many mmufacturers had become insolvent
..hrouph the Corn-laws ; the tact was that these men were
ie,er insolvent in their lives.--Great cheering.) He would
lesct she the manufacturers of the present day—they were the
•etnnant of that high-minded class of men who raised the corn-
nerce and trade of this country to the highest respectability,
rho walked through the market-streets with honesty in their
.ountenances, and stood upon Change not fearing to look their
creditors in the face.—( Cries of "Hear," and cheers. )
There were few. who dared to follow in. their steps. The
re-
mainder were men who knew no bOuthis to their desire of accu-
nulating wealth.. . There were a set of men who had been set
-up in trade by joint-stock banks, and many of these banks
were litt'e better than societies for the protection of swindling.
—(Laughter and cheers.) They got their names entered "on
.he joint-stock bank, they then' went to the wool-staplers
,nd offered to purchase a quantity of wool. They referred the
cool-stapler to their joint-stock banks, and they said, " Oh,
ies, he is a highly respectable man, you need not be afraid to
rust him." --(Cheers and laughter.) The purchase was then
made, the wool was sent home and immediately converted into
;nods, and these goods were in the following week sold
for ready money ; the consequence was they had to make sacri-
fices to a large amount to the merchant, who purchased the
pods. When the time came to pay for the wool, they gave
he manufacturer a two months' bill. Therefore, they had to
'ay five months' interest. The consequence was these men
muld go on very prosperously, so long as there was a call for
;oods in the market, but when there came a stagnation in
trade they immediately broke. What a scene there was then
in the Court of Bankruptcy. The manufacturers and trades-
people who had been for years amassing a small amount of
capital, found themselves suddenly ruined by the artful
villlany and swindling of this man. This man had scarcely
rossed the threshold of the Bankruptcy Court before he was
started in trade again. He had some friend, who personated
his petitioning creditor, who had a claim to a large amount, and
if there was a shilling or eighteenpence in the pound the man
came in as the largest creditor, and immediately turned the
money over to the bankrupt to commence trade again. The
:ommericement of the Corn-law League took place about three
years ago, and they attempted first only an alteration in the
Corn-laws, but they found very few supporters in the country.
[hey then looked out for' the enemies of the Church, and
old them that if they would join them :(the League) in ob-
;sing the repeal of the Corn law, then the Established Church
.hould be attacked—(Cheers)—after this the Hon. and Learned
ilember for Cork was invited to a dinner, and there he de-
zlared that the manufacturers were possessed of sufficient wealth
:o buy all the landed estates of the nobility of England. He
hen asserted that the landlords' bread was softened by the
widow's tears, and their claret dyed with the children's blood.
He (Mr. Ferrand) would aslovhat had the farmers to expect
of these cotton lords, if they were able to purchase the landed
estates of England? What was their principle when they
purchased an estate? Why immediately to have it re-valued.lThey
carried the principle of their ledger into their rent roll. The
rents were doubled, and he (Mr. Ferrand) had known many
families to have been ruined by the oppression of these men.
He remembered an instance where a poor farmer had had his
rental doubled. He struggled on for a few years against this
increase, and then he had to pay the few hundred rounds he
had saved to meet his rent ; and when the time came when he
found that his cattle would have to be seized by his landlord,
he died of a. broken heart, and it was not long before his wife
followed him.—( Hear, hear.) Their eldest son, by dint
if iadeatry, endeavoured to keep the family together, but
the la, t time he (Mr. Ferrand) had heard of him, reason
had left her empire o'er his• brain, he was the inmate of a
lunatic asylum. But he (Mr. Ferrand) would ask these cotton
spinners and members of the Anti-Corn-law League if they did
not want to increase their profits by increasing the prices of
labour ?—( Loud cheers from the Ministerial Benches.) They
wished to become the coin merchants of the land, they wished
to make granaries of their mills, and to use their machinery
to grind their corn. —(Laughter.) But they could not deceive
the working classes. They had striven to make them believe it,
bnilueaxt,ti, their agitators could not do it. They wished the
poor of England to go down to them in the
my c manufacturingorn. ih
This
i s
heardwtAr ecstmaso,bcpewatr
hristtehnoleft:h,beteorhi
labourer
sere era ars
having
tas ytvoeif am. mgt
,hoheubi nsut
rttwuoacwfgkhemass
toypnsatceieadymmit
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?theliyadneliveorn.
goods? 'This was part of the system they wished carried out
Cheers from the Ministerial benches.) But he would come
more particularly to the treatment of the poor by the manu-
facturers in the north of England. He would produce before
that House a system of tyranny, oppression, and plunder dis-
graceful to a civilised country. When the poor went to re-
ceive their work from the manufacturers, they found it cons
stated of very inferior articles, The wool dealt out to them
was so poor that they could scarcely get the comb through it.
The Saturday came, that period which ought to be the
sweetest of the week to the working man—that period when
he received the price of his labour, :and his hire, the reward
of his labour ; from whom did they think he received it ?—not
from the master of the mill—no, but an overlooker. That
overlooker examined the work, and he found fault with it.
He said " you have done this work ill, and I must deduct so
much from your wages." The poor weaver only received
about three or four shillings a week, and the wages of the
overlooker were partly paid out of what he deducted
from these poor people. He would now Come to
the poor, who bad their small amount of wages
paid in goods. Their wages were paid to them in rotten flour
and cheap corn, and when the poor man carried it home to his
wife and family, after in vain inducing his master to give him
money, he found that the flour he had taken home the week
hetore, and given to his family, was unfit to be consumed.
It had made the children sick.—( Loud laughter.) He
(Mr. F.) asserted this as a truth ; he had hoard it from the
mouths of hundreds of the working classes.—( Loud cheers
from the Ministerial benches.) And thus it was that the work-
ing men had no hope of relief or succour from the Ant! Corn-
law League; the only chance they had of being assisted was by
the landed interest of England rallying round them, and res-
cuing them from tyranny and oppression.—( Cheers from the
Ministerial benches, answered by ironical cheers and laughter
from the Opposition.) These were the men for whum the landed
interest of k ngland was to be destroyed—these were the men
who trampled the poor under foot—these. were the men who
were to become the soul of England—these were the men who
ruined the character of British merchants on the Continent—
these were the men who lived and moved and had their being
for money alone. .111:Mey was the sole motie of their life.
They cared not how they got it, or what cruelty they adopted,
so long as they amassed wealth. They sought to reduce the
price of labour, to raise enormous profits, and declared their
religion to be in their trade. They were, to use; he! nguage

of Burke, a set of men who looked at their ledgers, and not to
their Bibles—their counting-house as their church, their money
as their God. (He (Mr. Farrand) had heard a great
deal said about the principles of free-trade, and that
they were to save the country.—( Hear, hear.)
It happened that during the recess the Noble Lord the Member
for the City of London and the Member for Tiverton were,
somethinglike the poor in the parish of Bingley, wandering up
and down the country in search of employment.—(Cheers and
laughter.) He (Mr. Ferrand) bad not a copy of the address
presented to the Noble Lord the Member 'for the City of Lon-
don, all that he remembered of it was, that it asserted that the
principles of free trade were those upon which he was returned,
and that his would be a very easy office. He (Mr. Ferra nd)
supposed that during the last few days he had been trying to
prove that in that House.—( Loud cheers and laughter.)
He had tried to find out the principles of free trade from Adam
Smith, M'Culloch, Ricardo, and Huskisson, but it:was reserved
for the How. Member kir Wolverhampton to dispel the cloud
that hung around these men. The Hon. Members for Bolton
and Stroud had become bright constellations—( Laughter)—
and the Hon. Member for Dumfries was the morning star—
(Great laughter)—and the two Noble Lords were the sun and
moon of the expansive Social and divine system. .• (Laughter. )
The Hon. Member they read extracts from Mr. M'Culloch's
" l'rinciples of Political Economy," from Adam Smith's
" Wealth of Nations," and from Mr. Malthus, to prove
that it was beneficial to secure the home market to the home
producer. He could show that Mr. Huskisson was of opinion'
that this country could not thrive under the operation of a
fixed duty on corn. He would appeal, before he sat down, to
the landed interest, and ask it it they would assist the manu-
facturers to reduce the wages of the working classes. The
labourers never appealed to the landed classes in vain, who
were always ready to stand by them in their necessities.—
( Hear, hear.) The labouring classes looked to them with
confidence, and they felt assured that the Right Hon. Baronet
would s above all, they looked on the landed in-
terests as
ass their
rebeat friends.—(
Cheers. )
Sir WILLIAM CLAY (as we understood) moved the ad-
journment of the debate, which was agreed to.
Mr. PEMBERTON moved for leave to bring in a Bill to
enable his Royal Highness tho Prince of Wales to grant
leases, which was agreed to.--Bill brought in, and read a first
time.

'lhe other orders of the day were then disposed of, and the
House adjourned at Twenty Minutes to One o'Clock.

THE WEATHER.—Noox, FEBRUARY 15.
ROYAL GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREET.
l'hermometer... 48 j Highest 5O I Lowest 39
Barometer 30.10.—Wind S.W.—Freezing Point '..42 Deg.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON. BRIDGE TO-MORROW.
Morning 0 minutes after 5 I Evening li minutes after 5.

4`, yrr
Zpg

abhorrence of, nor wonder at, this murder, but, on the
contrary, promoted the officers under whose eyes, and
in whose presence, it was perpetrated. The Southern
Sates are furious against Mexico. in illustration of
this statement, we quote the followisg extract of a letter
from New Orleans, published in a New York daily paper
of the 24th :

The first act of Santa Anna's Administration is stained with the
blood of Americans. All is anarchy, treason, pillage, and death
in'the capital. How long shall these barbarians be suffered to de-
secrate such a country ? How long will the Government of the
United States suffer the laws of nature and of nations to be out-
raged by 'Mexican savages, and civil and political, and religious
wars to ravage and desolate the land ? For twenty years past we
have had a treaty with this pusillanimous nation, and yet they owe
us millions of dollars, which they cannot pay, and no American
hardly is safe in passing through their country. Our Government
should cause the great highway from Vera Cruz to Mexico to be
kept always open, where hundreds and thousands of our citizens
desire to travel, and hold the Mexican nation responsible for every
American who touches his foot upon their shore. The distance
to the. capital from the coast is short of 300 miles, not farther
than Wheeling from Baltimore, and about four or five days' jour-
ney, and yet it is hardly safe or possible to reach that capital.
But the Anglo-Saxons are on their march, and freedom will soon
be proclaimed upon the house-tops of this deluded and oppressed
people. A mine has been sprung which will reach the walls of
Mexico, and a blast louder than that which caused the walls of
Jericho to fall down, will soon be heard upon the outer walls of
this devoted city. The fatal termination of the Santa Fe expedi.
tion, and the indignities heaped upon the American Consul and
citizens, has produced the greatest sensation, while the blood of our
slaughtered fellow-countrymen calls aloud for vengeance. General
Coombs, of Kentucky, whose son was in the expedition, and the part-
ner of Kendall, of the Picayune, have gone post-haste to Mexico,
and will return with their friends, or share their fate. If a hair
of their head, however, is injured, the days of Mexico are num-
bered. Twenty thousand gallant spirits are now ready, " armed
and equipped as the law directs," who will rush across the valley
of the Mississippi, nor slumber, nor sleep, till they shall proclaim
liberty and religious freedom in the Temples of the Montezuma,.
General Houston, the President of Texas, is disposed for peace;
but if the war-cry is sounded, he will lead where any dare to fol.
low, nor stay his march till every drop of American blood has
been atoned for, and his treacherous and pusillanimous friend,
Santa Anna, paid with his own life the penalty of his bond.

The Treaty of Commerce between Great Britain and
Persia, signed at Teheran on the 28th of October, has
just been presented to Parliament. It has one merit,
rarely found in Treaties of any description—it is exceed-
ingly brief. By leaving out the preamble, it might be
printed on that nautical decoration of a skipper's time-
piece, a watch-paper, or engraved on the lid of a snuff-box.
We like it all the better for this. A commercial treaty
clogged with a catalogue of excepted articles, is at all
times a nuisance, and very often a hindrance to trade.
Our treaty with Persia consists of but two articles, which
are as follows :