The Sun.
London, England, 1842-07-16 00:00:00

THE MORNING SUN."

3if A RYLEBONE ELEC TIOX.
_ll.- The Committee of the Borough of MA RYLEBONE
REFORM AND REGISTRATION ASSOCIATION,
urge all the Reformers of the Borough to pay, on or before
WEDNESDAY next, the 20th inst., all POOR RATES and
ASSESSED TAXES, due on the sth April last, otherwise
their names will not appear on the List of Voters for the ensu-
ing year. Every information on the subject may be obtained
at the Office of the Association, 62, Warren-street, Fitzroy-
square. County Voters can also be supplied with information,
and forms of " Notices of Claim."
July 16, 1812. WILLIAM- ALLEN, Secretary.
LOCAL

NOTES OF
BANKERS.

PROVINCIAL

TO THE PUBLIC,ANDyRADING INTERESTS IN

PARTICULAR.

A few weeks ago, whi!st quitting Rath. I had occasion for
money, and on applying at the City Bank of that place, re-
ceived " Notes." amongst others of al., two, whose numbers
:acre•' E E 7.387." _ .

Judge of my surprise on attempting to pass one of the Notes
at the Railway Office in London, to ii..d it wholly refused. More-
ever,j udge also of my astonishment, on presenting the Bills at
Jews. Barclay, Bevan, and Co.. the Agents of the Bath City
134nk in Londori, to have them all refused. I next applied to
the Bank whence they were issued, and received a line at
follows:

" To Messrs Parciay, Bevan, and Co.,
" Gentlemen,—We request you will give the bearer cash for
two of our local five pound notes.
GEORGE MOGER & SON.
" Bath City Bank, ‘2Bth June. 1842."
Thus it seems that this Bank i•sues two kinds of notes—the
one local (only), the other redeemable in London. I wish to
draw attention, under these circumstances, if such kind of
notes as the former can be tolerated—hi fact, if they can be
termed the representative of bullion? The object of issuing
" local notes' is to gain a large paper circulation in the
neighbourhood where they are issued—when the credit of
the Bank may be good—and by " palming them off" to per-
sons about to traverto a distant part of the country, the Bank
gains a month's interest. and the holding trailer, suffers—
by having to self them at a discount to the inimey-tratlicers.
The public cannot be too :MIA on their guard with respect
to such " notes," and trickery at all the pro-
vincial BANNS, for as railways quickly take indivi-
duals to towns far distant from the place of issue
before they are aware of the system, the interest of
their money is not only lust for several weeks, perhaps, but
they are sadly inconvenienced, as I have been, for ten or more
d a. 1 may as well add, that, so far as the face of the notes
whieh I hold indicate, the Bath City Bank may, with as much
justote, refuse the notes of " the Commercial Batik of Eng-
mod." the circulation of whose notes, in my opinion, are bared
on the same system of (rend.

Should—orrather, when—the Government of England, etc.,
becomes (under Allegiance to the People's Voice) responsible for
every Noie in circulation, papa r money will be as good as gold
—but not before—and then all notes must be Exchequer Netes
(guaranteed as in America) sooner or later, any one who exa-
mines the effects of Rail-way rapidity upon the country cannot
doubt for a tingle moment. In the meantime, r,fuse ail local
notes of Provincial Bankers.

CHARLES HENRY ACKERLEY,
Author of "the Lame" Apparatus, for the circulation of
the internal Fluids of the Body by Dry Hot Air, in all
cases of "Morbid Action."
5, Swallow-street, Quadrant, July 16, 1842.

On Monday next, the 18th inst., in 3 vols. post Bvo.,
yI T ONE H E N G E
Or, the ROMANS in BRITAIN.

A Romance of the Days of Nero.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street

Now ready, in one volume, comprising as much matter as 20 or-
dinary volumes, with 1,500 Engravings, &c., 38s. bound,
'VT I.Z. Bti R IC E'S PEERAGE
AND BARONETAGE FOR 1842 ;
_ . _

Corrected to the Presont Time, from the Communications of
the Nobility, &e., and containing a Supplement, with
ALL the NEW CREATIONS.
Mr. Burke's Peerage and Baronetage is the mo't com-
p:etc, the most convenient, and the cheapest work of the kind
ever offered to the public."—Sun.
Henry Colbura, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

HAMBURGH, JULY, 1842.
HIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of
AUSTRIA.
AND HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA,
ha7ing AUTHORISED and GUrs. tANTEED several DIS-
TRIBUTIONS of MONEY DIVIDENDS, by which
LARGE FORTUNES may be obtained. HEINE BRO-
THERS, at HAAI BURG H, are now Selling Genuine and

WARRANTED SELECTED
BONDS for the saki DlSTathil LIONS.

Persons desirous to purchase may re•:eive. PREVIOUS
to giving any order, the PRO PECTIN with full PARTI-
CULARS, upon addressine, WITHOUT DELAY, a line to

HEINE BROTHERS, at HAAIBURGH.

As we receive frevently aoplications for CERTIFICATES,
!-Itst be;; tI observe, that a CERTIFICATE is QUITE
DIFFERENT from a BOND, and tat there is a great dif-
ference again between BONDS and SELECTE.O BONDS
—the SELECTED BONDS ONLY TAKING PART IN
TILE DISTRIBUTION WHICH FOLLOWS THE SE-
LECTION, and which should never be overlooked, being of
t greatest importance.

THEATRE-ROYAL, ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE.
THIS EVENING, JULY 16.
'Ube Performances will commence with the DREAM AT SEA.
Characters by Messrs. Oxberry, W. H. Bland, and 0. Smith; Miss
Pincott, and Miss Faucit.
After which, a NeW Farce, called COUSIN LAMBKlN.—Cha-
racters by Messrs..l. Vining, F. Mathews, and Harley; Miss Mur-
ray, Mrs. Hughes, and Miss Huinhy.
o conclude with the New Drama, called THE LONE HUT.
Principal Characters by Mes;ss. 0. Smith. Diddea %V. H. Bland,
and Harley, Mss Murray, Miss Crisp, and Miss Faucit.
Haxes, 4s. Pit, Gallery, Is. Doors co,,en at half-past Six;
commence at Seven; Half.priee, a Quarter before Nine.
Privice Boxes to be had of Mr. Grogan, at the Private Box-office ;
and of Messrs. Andrews, Mitchell, Sams, and Bally, at their Libraries.

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
THIS EVENING, JULY 16.
Will be acted Aut.er's celebrated Operant' FR A DI AVOLO.--
Fra &lay°lo; \lr. AV. Harrison; Lord Al!cash, Mr. J. Webster ;
Lorenzo, Mr. Walton; Beppo, Mr. Stansbury; Giacomo, Mr.
Lefit.r; Zeriina, Miss -Romer; Lady Alicash, Mrs. Serie.
After which, THE ARTFUL DOUjE.—Artful Dodge, Mr. G.

To eonclu 'e with Leman Rede's JACK IN THE WATER.
Places and Private Soxes may be ad of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the
lox (Mc, from Eleven till Four daily.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS,

'1 he Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully
InronneA that

ON MONDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURSDAY 4,
GRAND EVENING FETES will be given, in which will be ern-
bsdied all tbose popular Entertainments that have given to this favon.
riteplace of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and um-
tronuctions, which render them more generally attractive.

• The ME.ST AGE HIE has been enriched by.many valuable and im.
Virrant acquisitions in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
ectling Time Five o'clock.

The Eoloi.sal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some
instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Table.ou d'action, repre-
senting the Procession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Nehks, to the Castle of St. Angelo.
Th.?. BAN D includes soma of the most eminent Performers, con_
tutted by Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES
:SICA LES selected'e ram the noblest works of the great Masters.
The. I LLU MINATIONof ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE,
and the GIRANDOLA of ST. ANGELO, with all the gorgeous
Spectacles and magnitieent introductions that have called forth ac-
cLinmations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex.
hibition, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour,
the CASC 4.DE el BRILLIANT FIRE, SIX I Y FEET in height.
Gardens arc open Daily from Tcn till Dusk. The Evening
Fetes, with the Promenades Musicales, Illumination of St. Peter's,
air3ndola of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays,
and l'hursdays. Admission One Shilling.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Whist would our Correspondent, " A Depositor," do with the
heavy new sovereigns ? Has he read the parable of the ten
pieces of money?

THE WEATHER.—NooN, JULY 15.
R.; t' L GALLERY OF SCIENCE, A DELAIDE-STREET.
Taerinometer .... 69 Highest 7O I Lowest 55
Barometer 30.43.—Wind E.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
%ierning...... 36 minutes after 71 Evening 8 minutes after 8,

All Advertisements of a Disgusting Character,
or Immoral Tendency, are excluded from
the Columns of "The Sun."

mar decide that such a law as Mr. Wow) described doeF,
and the SOLICITOR-GENERAL that it does not, exist.
But though we cannot tell whether such a law exist or
not, we are quite positive and certain that it ought not
to exist. How shall every man tell at all times that every
sovereign he possesses weighs not less than " fiverpen-
nyweights, two grains and a half ?" Is he always to carry
scales with him, and weigh every sovereign he receives,
and produce his scales to weigh it before he pays it away?
That will be necessary if no coin but of full weight is to
circulate, and if every person is authorised to deface light
coin when offered to him. In truth, Mr. GOULBURN'S
proclamation, which had Mr. C. WOOD'S approbation,
except that he said that it was rather hurried, requires
Its at all times to weigh every sovereign we receive or
pay away. It places us in a far worse position than if !
her MAJESTY'S Government abstained from troubling
itself about the coinage, and allowed the people to use
lumps of precious metal, weighing five ounces, one
ounce, half, or quarter of an ounce, so that they might be
at once brought to the balance and their value ascer-
tained. The object of the Government in coining money
i to save the people the trouble of weighing it, and Mr.
GOULBURN'S proclamation requiring them to weigh it
really destroys that utility for which the nation pays a
large sum every year to the Mint. If the sovereigns
cannot circulate without being weighed, they ought to be
called in, and the Government ought to give up the task
of regulating the coinage.

The appendices B to F to the eighth Annual Report
of the Poor-law Commissioners has just been issued by
the House of Commons, and they contain some informa-
tion concerning the pauperism of England, which we
shell lay before our readers. It will not be said that
this is the exaggeration of the Anti-Corn-law Leagues
that these ztatements have been got up to make out a
case, and that they are not worthy of credit. The Poor-
law Commissioners report only factl, and they do not
make the matter worse than it actually exists.
At page 350 is an account of the number of in and
outdoor paupers relieved in 577 Unions, and an esti-
mate of the number of paupers relieved exclusive of thee,
unions, in the years ending Lady-day 1840 and 1841.
The total' number of in and outdoor paupers actua►ly
relieved in these 577 unions was. in the year ending
Lady-day 1844, 982,768 ; in 1841, 1,072,978, being in the
latter year nine per cent. of the population, the expense of
relieving whom was 4 per cent. more in the year ending
Lady-day 1841 than 1840. These are actual facts.
The estimated number of paupers for all England and
IVales, including these uniow, was, in the year ending
Ladv•dtty 1840, 1,199.329 ; and in 1841, 1,300.9281., or
9 per cent of the whole population. One person out of
every eleven in England and Wales received relief in the
year ending Lady-day 1841.
The amount expended for their relief was, in 1840
3,733,4141. ; and, in 1841, 3,884,5851.

Another table shows the number.of adult abk-bodied
paupers receiving relief in the the two years. The actual
number in the 577 unions was, in 1840, 245,772, and in
1841, 285,090. The estimated number in all England,
incluling these unions, was, in 1840, 297,695 ; and, in
1841, 345,656,! showing in the latter year an increase
in the number of adult able-bodied paupers relieved of
48,961.

Bat these amounts, large as they are, only come down
to Lady-day, 1841, and since that period pauperism has
fladc frightful strides in the country. Thus, in Stock-
port, though we cannot take it as an example for the whole
country, the increase in the quarter ending December,
1841, as compared to the quarter ending December,
1840, was, of persons relieved, from 3,946 to 6,871, and
money expended, from 2,9801. to 5,1201. Leeds, Man-
eheiter, Nottingham, and other great towns show an
increase nearly as great as in Stockport, so that, large and
increasing as the amount of pauperism was in 1841, it is
now considerably greater.

It must also be remembered that theme increase of
pauperism and expense is taking place under our new and
stringent system of poor-laws, which does everything
possible to keep down the expense and prevent persons
applying for relief. So stringent is the law, so disagree-
able, in fact, do the people find its enactments, that a
great number submit to the utmost extremity of want
rather than apply for parish relief, and many, we be.
lieve, have actually perished rather than go into the
workhouse. Yet, in spite of a rigid administration of a
rigid law, nine per cent. of the people were paupers in
1841, and in 1842 it is probable that the number has
Augmented to twelve per cent. When such is the case,
with such a stringent law, how vast must be the misery
,f the people !
This great and growing plague, however, is not con-
ined to the manufacturing districts. Opulent as is the
county of Middlesex, and little as it has been affected by
the general distress, the number of paupers in it increased
from 49,841 in 1840, to 73,815 in 1841, and we have good
reason to believe that in 1842 the number is still further in-
creased. The number of able-bodied adult paupers in
creased in Middlesex, from 15,290 in 1840, to 26,122 in
1841. So in Surrey, the number of able-bodied paupers
in 1840 was 8,895, and in 1841, 12,271 ; so in Kent,
9,737, and 12,892 ; in Essex, 9,540, and 12,493. The
agricultural counties with the exception perhaps of
Devon, all exhibit their share of increase in able-bodied
paupers, and in persons relieved, as well as Lancashire
and Warwickshire. There are only five counties—Derby,
Norfolk, Northumberland, Suffolk, and the North Riding
of Yorkshire—in which there was any diminution, of ex-
pense in 1841 as compared to 1840, and in every one of
these the number of paupers had increased. Thus the
plague, which is now so much more severe than in 1841,
spares no place and smites the agricultural nearly as
heavily as the manufacturing districts.

Is there no moral to be drawn from the extraordinary
and lamentable fact, that every eleventh person in
England and Wales is a pauper, and that the number of
paupers, and the amount of distress, are increasing?
Without now adverting to what we are well convinced is
the specific cause of this condition, let us remind the
reader that to this time the laws have been, and, even yet,
continue to be made expressly to protect native industry.
It is to keep our hardy labourers from being too rudely vi-
sited by the breath of foreign competition that the paternal
Legislature has hedged them round with restrictive and
protective laws. To provide the labourer with plenty
of work and high wages is the reason assigned for all
the laws which are said to protect native industry, and
the documents we have just quoted show that those laws
have been most complete and disastrous failures.
The protected industry is impoverished, pauperised,
and degraded. What other proof can possibly
be brought that the laws have not accomplished the
purpose for which they were designed ? There is no
body of labourers on the round earth at once so in-
genious, so skilful, so industrious, and so poor, as the la-
bourers of England, whose industry, we are daily told by
the Tory Journals it is the great object of the laws to
protect. We do not ask the lawmaker to be honest
or just, we know that is not in his nature; but
we ask him not to be silly, not to be weak, not
to make himself the laughing-stock of mankind, by
accomplishing objects the very reverse of those he pro-
fesses to aim at. He would be little better than a
demon if he designed and willed the horrible degrada-
tion of the industrious classes to which his protecting
laws have doomed them. He does not will the mischief
lie causes ; but, a greater bungler than the Irishman.
who, in spearing a fish, is said to have cut off his own
head, the lawmaker desires to promote the welfare of
the people, and he steeps them to the chin in misery and
degradation.

Nothing could be kindlier, safer, or better, than the
spirit in which all parties in the House of Commons on
Thursday—with a single individual exception—received
Mr. HUME'S motion for throwing open the Library of the
British Museum, the National Gallery, the Armoury and
Jewellery of the Tower of London, Greenwich Hospital,
Westminster Abbey, and the other public edifices of the
country, the public. The sole dissentient was Sir
H. INGLIS, whom Mr. G. KNIGHT well described as the
impersonation of some holy, purblind, bead-dropping,
cord-cinctured, tonsured Monk of the middle
ages.. No professed brother of the orders of Dommc,
FRANCIS of Assisium. or AUGUSTIN, was ever, by con-
traction of ideas, fitter ter a cloister than the Hon.
Member for the University of Oxford. Well does he
represent sits illuminated missals and other re-
cords of the piety and intelligence of the fourteenth
century. Could we for a moment regard him as an im-
personation of the political opinions of the youth of Eng-
land there educated, we would despair of the regenera.
tion of our country. But the debate in the House of
Commons last night assures us that we need entertain
no fear on that head. There wits no virtual opposition
made to the motion on the part o: the Government. On
the contrary, all the Ministers present, the Pre-
mier among the rest, warmly supported it, and merely
recommended that it might be withdrawn, to allow the
authorities in charge of public buildings the merit of
throwing them open of their own mere motion, as other-
wise the Crown might be involved in disputes with per-
sons who might deny its right of interference, and even
set that authority at defiance. The Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer told the House that no loan could be more fully
convinced than he was of the importance of giving the
people free access to exhibitions which had a tendency
to elevate their thoughts, improve their taste, and. by
that means to humanize their minds. Great advantage
had resulted from throwing open the Parks on Sundays.
He scarcely ever allowed a Sunday to pass without
walking in the Parks, to enjoy the gratification '
of seeing so many of his fellow-subjects partaking
of a similar innocent recreatie:,. If there wo:;
difference between his views and those of the lion.

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