The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-12 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE IN PAISLEY.

We have deferred, till all use of deferring longer is
over, the giving any decided statement as to the pre-
sent state of trade in this town, and the prospects for
the winter. Feeling for the manufacturers and mer-
chants in business, as well as for the workmen, whose
last hope of comfort, if not of existence, depended on
the success of our fall trade—bad as we knew it to be,
and doubtful as were its prospects—we were resolved
that not a word from our pen would make it worse,
or tend in the smallest to influence either merchant
or weaver in delaying to purchase, with the hope of a
better bargain in the forced sale of the fashionable pro-
ductions prepared for this season of the year. All mo-
tive for silence in this respect is now, however, over.
The period for the fall trade has commenced, gone on,
and is now within a few days, or, at the most, weeks, of
its conclusion, and we are now bold to state, without fear
of contradiction, that a more complete failure, and a
more dismal prospect for the period that must inter-
vene till the spring trade will commence, never pre-
sented itself to the inhabitants of this place. The
dropping of hands last year was nothing to the almost
universal dismissal of workmen in the rich shawl
trade which is now taking place. Good and bad
tradesmen, the individuals at the rich pattern and
the plain, are almost indiscriminately turned adrift as
their web is finished, and no hope whatever remains
for their obtaining labour in the branch they have
been accustomed to for at least three or four months
to come. The manufacturers have all light stocks at
present, and, from the sad experienee of the last few
years, they are determined to keep them so, with the
resolution that it is better to have no trade whatever,
than a trade of utter ruin. We highly approve of
this resolution, because the empty warehouses can
scarcely fail to open up a ready and wholesome trade
in the spring season, unless the energies of the
country are to further exhausted by the ruinous
restrictions of monopoly.
As Jriay readily be supposed, the prospects and
condition of the town, under such a state of things, is
dismal in tho—extreme. The Relief Committee are
not only entirely exhausted of funds, but so deep in
debt, that with time whole of the members, it is a
matter of serious consideration whether or not they
should continue in existence for one other week. For
the last ten days the Committee have been as a body
almost inoperative ; relief is refused to all but those
who were previously on the list, with the exception
of cases actually starving; while, at the same time,
hundreds:and hundreds of families are every whit as
much in want of relief•as those who are receiving it,
and only enabled to keep themselves in life by pawn-
ing and selling such necessaries as they possess in the
shape of furniture and clothing.
In the adjoining villages and towns dependent on
the Glasgow trade, hand-loom weaving is at present
quite abundant, and all of the Paisley tradesmen who
can obtain such work are rapidly turning their hapd
to it. Many of the Paisley houses have also com-
menced the manufacture of tartans in all their different
varieties—but as the season for that description of
goods must be soon over, the engagements of the
workmen are limited to very short webs ; and, as may
easily be supposed, no change of trade such as this
can be expected to take up at once the thousands of
workmen who are now being thrown idle.—Saturday
Post.

The General Steam Navigation Company's vessel
the Ocean, from Rotterdam, arrived off the Custom
House at one o'clock p.m. yesterday, with the Dutch
mail. _ _

FLOATING BREAKWATER....-111 consequence of the
reduction in the duty on cork, Captain Tayler has
used it for increasing the buoyancy of his floating
breakwater in lieu of the small air vessel attached to
the caisson, and it is not only cheaper, but not liable
to be injured. He also uses hlr. Jeffrey's glue with
treenails, by which means he does away with all iron
bolts.—Plymouth Journal.
BOROUGH OF SOUTHWARK.----ThOMRS Brandon
Brett and William lrizard, Esq., the barristers ap-
pointed to revise the lists of voters for the town and
borough of Southwark, held a Court for the registra-
tion of claimants entitled to vote, at the Town. hall,
on Monday. Claims were made in only two parishes—
one in Christchurch and ten in the parish of St.
George the Martyr. None of them involved points
of any interest.

TIIE ELOQUENCE OF THE TEX lAN BAR.—May is
please the Court, the learned barrister reminds me of
an
dilated,Andalu
tieesiakbn bull,
oNs.e d,taNit
tail
lh nostrils
distended, eyef
phleuignhgtisnga,ndbelwloidmeing and ,curled, roaring and leaping,
plainscharging o
f joveruri
jurisprudence.;
dAlpineilc e ;
extended
but, may it pleasetheeCourt, the gentlemen has failed
n his demurrer.— New York Paper.
" Gentlemen of the Jury,,, said a Western lawyer
" would you set a rat-trap to catch a bar ? Would
you make d—d fools of yourselves by endea-
vouring to spear a buffalo with a knitting-needle ?
Or would you attempt to empty out the Mississippi
with a gourd? No, gentlemen, I know you would
not. Then how can you be guilty of the absurdity
of finding my client guilty of manslaughter for taking
the life of a woman?"
'FRE NEWPORT Docx.—Nothing can be more
spirited and creditable than the conduct of the Dock
Directors throughout, and nothing can be more har-
monious than the arrangements between them and the
town authorities, for the celebration of the day of
opening. Amongst the vessels expected from Bristol
on Monday are the Great Britain, and the fine Avon
steamer, one of the ships built by the Messrs. Acra-
man for the West India packet' tation, and of larger
dimensions than the Great Western. At a late meet-
ing of the Dock Committee, a letter was read from a
gentleman of influential station, connectedrein with
the
a
leading Steam Navigation Company, whe
writer stated that if the Newport Dock had been
opened five years ago, his Company would have saved
upwards of 3,0001. in coals shipped from this port for
New York, instead of being shipped direct from New-
port.—Monmouthshire Merlin. •
ASPARAGUS.—Takeked over. If
a quart wine boatntlde,sescuuerhe .
French wine is sold in, i
it
ma-entrhitleoitgtbroeovuieturndoct,he head of an
will rotwdup into the
by the un-
osed to, will
i:bafp-tat
ih rr an
asparagus
si
sti justcskt
ast,reis:oitnhtgeh anastbopitavragus ce
ninstietarlioirleoaft thaendbomttloeisatunrdebietinisg sthtiemrgeuleaxep
speedily fill it. As soon as thistiie hasasp atraekgetilis prleacineo,vtel(iie,
ahnadv e formed a thick head of
bottle
when i
tmwuisltl
bebe
foburnodk broken, and
and as compact as a
lender delicate shoots, all eatable,cauliflower.—Gardener's Chronicle.
Mr. Sperry, who keeps a
SOMETHING NEW—SAM S/IC
sealed
and look LAND.
warehouse in Fulton-street,IN ENGLAND.—
for. England, on an adventure on the Ist instant
el aC
K
taken with him 600 Yankee re entirely new. He has
will doubtless pay him a
which to astonish the natives wooden clocks, with
Ives ; and if well introduced
highest duty on
on this article is only handsome profit. The duty
25 per cent., which is the
paper. any manufactured article.—American

EXTRACTS FROM THE «INQUIRY
INTO THE SANITARY CONDITION ob"I'llEl
LABOURING POPULATION OF GREAT

BRITAIN."-(CONTINUED.)

A practical example ot:the money value.which
lies in the refuse ,of a town, when removed in
the cheapest manner, and applied in the form
best adapted to production, viz., by a system of
cleansing by water, is afforded in connexion
with the city of Edinburgh. In_ the course of
the sanitary inquiry in that city the particular al.-
tendon of Dr. Arnott and myself was directed ter
the effects of some offensive irrigation of the lands
which had taken place in the immediate vicinity
of that city. It appears that the contents of a
large proportion of the sinks; drainS, and privies
of that city, are conveyed in covered sewers to
the eastern suburb of the town, where they are
emptied into a stream called the Foul Burn,
which passes ultimately into the sea. The stream
is thus made into a -large uncovered sewer of
drain. Several years ago some of the occtivierg
of the laud. in the ialtnediate vicinity of this
stream diverted parts of it, and collected the soil
which it contained ill tanks fbr ose as manure.
After this practice had been adopted for a long
period, the farmers in the vicinity gradually
found that the most beneficial mode of applying
the manure was in the liquid form, and they con-
ducted the stream over their meadows by irr'ga-
tion. Others, perceiving the extraordinary fer-
tility thus obtained, followed, the example, and
by d grecs about three hundred acres of meadow,
chiefly in the eastern parts of that city, but all in
its immediate vicinity, and the greater part or it
in the neighbourhood of the Palace of Holyrood,
have been systematically irrigated with the con-
tents of this common sewer. From some or this
land so irrigated, tour or five crops a year have
been obtained; laud once worth from 40s. or 50s
per acre now lets tbr very high sums
Liebig, the greatest living authority on agricul-
tural chemistry, states that night-soil loses Li
drying half its valuable products, that is, hall' its
" nitrogen," for the'' ammonia" escapes into the
atmosphere. By irrigatiOn, by the diffusion and
conveyance of the manure to the p!aut in tilt)
medium of water, the escape of the valuable sal).
stance as a noxious and injurious gas is dimi-
nished.

rounded the Palace of HolsYrood having, as it is
considered, rendered it prejudicial to health, her
Majesty's Government, for the protection of this
Palace as a Royal residence, have directed legal
process for the trial of the right claimed to the
irrigation. The defendants vindicate the mea-
sure on the ground of its utility as an agricultu-
ral operation, and treat the proposal to divert the
contents of the sewers, as being, in Stet, a pro-
posal to deprive the city of the milk and butter
yielded by more than 3,000 milch cows, and the
markets of the meat from their carcases ; that, in
fact, " the grass. which in virtue of irrigation
these meadows produce, supports in Edinburgh
3,300 Cows, and in Leith 600 cows, during the
season. We were informed that the parties in-
terested in the lands estimate the compensation
that would induce them to discontinue the prac-
tice at 150,000/.; and a pamphlet written at their
instance, in 1840, states this as the sum which
the proprietors of the meadows to the west of the
city would be legally entitled to (independently
of the claims of those in the east) were the prac-
tice abolished by legislative authority. The pro-
prietors have had, on several occasions, sufficient
influence to frustrate the efforts of the city autho•
rities to obtain legislative sanction for the re-
moval of the nuisance, and for a more salubrious
disposal of it for the advantage of the inhabitants
themselves.—Pages 48-51.
The comparative economy of conveyance of
fluid in pipes has been but little observed, and
has only recently, perhaps, been applied for the
purpose of cleansing. The following is an in-
stance of the application of the principle :—A
contract was about to be entered into by the
West Middlesex Water Company for hauling
out from their reservoir at Kensington the de-
posit of eight or ten years' silt, which had accu-
mulated to the depth of three or four feet. The
contractor offered to remove this quantity, which
covered nearly an acre of surface, for the sum of
4001., in three or four weeks. The reservoir was
emptied in order to be inspected by the engineer
and .directors before the contract was accepted.
It occurred to one of the officers that the cleans-
ing tn;ght be accomplished more readily by
merely stirring up the silt, to mix it with the
water; and then it' a cut or outlet were made in
the main-pipe used for conveying the water to
London, that it might be washed out. He accord-
ingly got thirty or flirty men to work in stirring up
the deposit, and accomplished the work at the
cost of 401. or 50/. and three or four days' labour,
instead ors° many weeks; when the directors went
to see the basin, to decide upon the contract, the
reservoir was as free from any deposit as a house-
floor. 'Since the discovery thus made, the silt
ha's been regularly cleansed out into the cootnion
sewer. It is to be observed, in respect to the
relative cheapness of the two modes, that the
contractor would only have removed the silt to
the nearest convenient place of deposit in the
immediate vicinity of the reservoir, whereas, in
the fluid state, it might be carried at the actual
cost of conveying water as far as it is at present
conveyed, and sold with a profit, twelve or four-
teen miles, and raised to heights of 150 feet, at
20. per ton.—Pages 52, 53.
The expense of cleansing the streets of the
township of Manchester is 5,000/. per annum.
For this sum the first class of streets, namely,
the most opulent and the large thoroughfares,
are cleansed once a week, the second class once
a fortnight, and the third class once a month.
But this provision leaves untouched, or leaves in
the condition described in Dr. Baron Howard's
Report, the courts, alleys, and places where the
poorest classes lives and where the cleansing
should be daily. There are abundance of recom-
mendations to the effect, "Let it be ordered that
the streets be properly cleansed;" but in this in-
stance the cost of cleansing the whole of what is
properly the same town, Salford, and the out-
townships, would be 8,0001. or 10,0001. per annum;
and such a recommendation, under the existing
modes of management, is equivalent to saying,
let 20,000/. or 30,0001. of additional rates be ex-
pended, and 40,0001. or 60,000/. additional loads
of refuse be removed. In other large towns, the
service and the expense is on a similar scale. At
the rate of expense of one large parish, the pre-
sent cost of cleansing in the metropolis may be
estimated at about 40,000/. per annum. This ex-
pense, however, is generally repaid by the sale
of the coal-ashes, which are used in the manu-
facture of bricks.—Page 53.
Two-thirds of the usual expense of street
cleansing is the expense of cartage, which, with
a proper adaptation of the sewers, is wholly un-
nscessary. •The exclusive use of hand-labour in
street-sweeping is pronounced by competent
judges to be a mere barbarism, and several ma-
chines have been invented which demonstrate
' that by mechanical pswer, moved by horsest the
csl,ezesinogt.
in
sides, where it remains until it can be f
these
eb be effectedrape mud the a r
rsildn6irirei
lifted
do tine.atnd
the
streets nient by the shopkeepers, an
inasmuch
carted away. But this is oltdjectitieedsctoava:nigntecrosn(N;l:--
ject that it is no convenience to them,
the liquid, and increases time cartage;._
by hand is as
more-
over, that time process of sweeping as raking it in heaps prevents tlieevapaondra,tiont)f
Manchester which ra-
pidlymachine has been used at
l
but there still the encutn-
quick as the carts cat
sweeps
ttiiiirenleovre tssurie.fiancoevsaol
and cleanly
bstii;euel and de
sti process ocess
rapidityo fs street-cleansing pple•or:
delay of cart-
i is
ng the refuse to a place of deposit, wI •
tac may
ce
be several miles distant, and returning toere-load.
ionfTbae labour,eart and cost a
valued °tot.
poi
iswnied, but at present it is usually
io
delayed until
the sun or the air has done a large. Portion of the
work by the evaporation of the m
moldy, however, to the deteriorationmoisture, corn-
the town and the health,and of the air of
also
tion of time value of time a the deteriora-
refuse.—page r
,s 4.

who have been long mention that two of the officers
yknown to be alive;
with are happy
hnaopwp'to
reckne:l----
the - e.
fallleNn-e, ngsthetstehoarsee who
Doctors
d
and wounded
Campbell and Bryce,
purpose, The former is safe at Caubul
hostages, It appears that when it was de-
cided to leave some medical officer in charge of the
sickremaining at Caubul, lots were drawn
for the
when Dr. C and the chance fell to a married man,
r. Campbell came forward and volunteered to
relieve him ; as he shook hands with his brother offs•
cers of his corps at the gates of the cantonment, they
gave him to understand that they looked upon him as
devoted to destruction, little thinking how Much
nearer was their own fate. As r4gards Dr. Bryce, a
sepov of the 54th regiment came into Brigadier Mon-
teith's camp on the 18th July; he had been confined
in a fort in the neighbourhood, and states that Dr.
Bryce had been a prisoner in the same fort, but that
he had been taken away further into the hills about a
fortnight before.—Overland Calcutta Star.
II AN AR KS II TRE.----COLLIMIS' STRIKE.—The colliers
about Airdrie, Coatbridge, and Holytow n,with few ex-
ceptions still continue on strike, but no disposition to out-
rage has been manifested amongst them since the riot
at Airdrie, about three weeks ago, when a number of
prisoners, on their way to Hamilton gaol, were
rescued by a mob. A small party of military, called
out on that occasion, is still stationed in the district,
as well as a considerable body of police, and to this
cause, we have no doubt, may in a great measure- he
attributed the continued tranquillity of that part of
1 the country.—G/asgow'Argus.