The Sun.
London, England, 1842-03-21 00:00:00

ll'c'Nrtv
ItaL,tti

THE SUI•t, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 21, 1842

SIR ROBERT'S NEW SLIDING
SCALE ON INCOME.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—There has sometimes been a mistake, in crying
out against the idea of a permanent Income Tax as a
measure of finance, on the ground of the inequality of
its action upon perpetual and temporary incomes. On
examination there would appear to be no cause of com-
plaint upon this ground. The man who has a thousand
a-year for ten years, is taxed, say 3 per cent, for ten
years ; and the man who has a thousand a-year for him-
self and representatives for ever, is taxed 3 per cent by
himself or representatives for ever, which is exactly in
the proportion of the absolute value of the properties.
The complaint therefore ought to be, not that the tax
falls unequally, but that it falls equally ; and it should
come under the head of the injustice of laying as much
per tentage on small properties as on great.
But widely different is the case, when it is systemati-
cally proposed to levy a sum by an Income Tax limited
to a term of years. The Minister refuses to liberate in-
dustry and commerce as the means of enabling us to
meet his demands for money, and insists on keeping
both down for the benefit of the landed aristocracy.

. _
And how does he propose to supply the deficiency ? lsy
an Income Tax so contrived, that where industry and
parsimony may be taxed one per cent on what they pos-
sess, the landed proprietors shall be taxed one-ninth per
cent. It is to be another Sliding Scale for the benefit of
the landed interest, varying so as to throw as far as 7iiite
times their per centage on the property of men of the in-
dustrious and commercial classes.
The thing is matter of arithmetic. The present value
of an income of 1001. a year at 4 per cent for three
years is 2741., and of 1004 a year for ever, 2,5001. Ac-
cording to Sir Robert's new sliding scale, the man or
family who may possess 2001. a year for three years, is
to pay 181. cut of what is of the total value of 5481., and
the Duke of Cleveland is to pay the same sum of 18/.
out of what is of the total value of 5,0001. The Duke
therefore is to pay a less per centage than the other, in
the proportion of 548 to 5,000, which is under 1 to 9.
This is the extreme case ; and there are others of all
kinds of intermediate proportions in the slide.
It does not require much effort to see, that the incomes
from manufacturing and all. other industry, come to a
great• extent under the head of temporary. ,A manu-
factory which now produces 1,0001. a-year, is never such
a provision for children as landed property of the same
annual amount, nor could it be disposed of for the same
sum in the market. In most cases it dies with the
father ; and in the smaller manufacturing incomes, and
the professions generally, the dependence on the life and
health of the principal is still more palpable. The one
great species of property., therefore, which Sir Robert's
scale is meant to shield, is property in land.
Two questions arise hereupon.
Will no man in the House of Commons move as
an amendment, that the proposal to lay a per centage
on landed property, amounting to only a fraction of the
per centage laid on other kinds, and to tax some of the
industrious and pOor at nine times the rate of some of the
powerful and rich, is a defiance of every rule, of justice,
and at insolent attempt upon the patience of the country?
2. Will the middle and commercial classes find out
or will they not, that a Dutch' burgomaster under the
heel of Louis the Fourteenth or Charles the Second,.
would have had as much chance of being able to take
care of himself, as the industrious classes in Great
Britain under the existing mode of election to the House
of Common's ; and that this can never be a country for
them to live in, till they alter it ?
Yours very sincerely,
T. PERRONET THOMPSON.
Blackheath, March 21, 1842.

THE PROPOSED INCOME TAX.

TO THE EDITOR OF
.THE SUN.

Ste,—Permit a reader of your columns to inform yon what
the feelings of the people in this part are respecting the in.
come tax. They are decidedly opposed to it, and their obje.-
tions may be classed as follows :—First, to the principle ;
secondly, to the details ; and thirdly, as regards the interests
favoured thereby.
Ist. Income is not a fair representation of property, mid
therefore a tax upon income is not a property tax.
2nd. The same per tentage applying to all descriptions of
income is most unjust. The money invested in railways is
calculated to yield 6 per cent., because they are liable to vicis-
situde, and Parliament allows of competing lines. One thou-
sand pounds in the Grand Junction Railway, which will soon
have the Manchester and Birmingham to compete with it, and
divide its profits, yields 601. or 70/, per annum, the shareholder
having been for some time out of his money. The sum of two
thousand pounds invested in land will only yield 66/. or 70/. per
annum, so that the proprietor of railway stock will pay double
the amount of tax on his property that the landed proprietor
does on his. So also with all incomes which are worth fewer,
years purchase than land, whether they be foreign funds, canals,
or mines, &c. The extreme point, howeveris terminable annu.
hies, whether Government, or life assurances in other public
offices. 'No medificathin of the plan has been as yet proposed for
such incomes, and, nevertheless, to take a per tentage off them
is, in fact, mulcting a part of the capital.
Trade also is a wide subject, as it is affected by the income
tax. Property has always its representative—labour can have
none till it is produced. Why, therefore, ought a person who
only commenced business last year tobe called upon to liquidate
out of his gains debts incurred three or four years since. Nay,
indeed, why ought trade to pay at all? Let mills, warehouses,
and personality pay by all meant. But when a person in the
pursuit of commerce and manufactures is causing, through
the circulation of his capital in wages, or in the im-
portation of foreign production, a large increase to
the revenue, it is hard that he should be taxed in
proportion as his exertions and his industry are increased. He
risks much, and deserves a larger proportion of pretit. Com-
pare him with the landowner, who with a fixed income of five
hundred per annum, yie)ds no more to the revenue than ac-
crues from his own domestic expenditure, runs no tisk, and is
protected on the right hand and on the left hand by Parliamen-
tary interference, and whose income this year is not likely to
be reduced by the losses of the next. Surely the cases are
dissisnilar, and ought to be dealt with in equitable proportions.
Wherefore, indeed, ought trade to be taxed? Remember that
if you give the merchant's income but one year's grace, his
surplus amount becomes capital the year after, and as such is
justly liable to be taxed.
Again, what a large number of ministers and clergymen
will just be caught in the meshes of Sir Robert Peel's net.
Men just able to support their families, now havirb, 150/. to
2001. a year, with five, six, or eight children, are to be taxed;
while a man and his wife, and no fancily, having 149/., goes free.
The clergyman who has economised to bring up a family,
having nothing but his 181 /. a year, is to be taxed, while the
landowner, whose income is the same, and which represents a
property of 6,000/., will pay no more. Such unfairness needs
no comment.
The third ground of objection is the class legislation exhi-
bited in the scheme. It is believed that forty farmers cannot
be found in Westmorland who pay 300/. per annum for rent !
Will the land here then pay its proportion of the taxes?
Besides, the scheme is a direct bonus to farmers to divide their
leases amongst their sons. Already has this been extensively
done to create votes. Now look at Peel's plan. Suppose a
farmer's rent is WO/. per annum ; he has two sons, whom he
at one puts into his lease. Each rents, then, but 266/. per
annum, which being under 300/., the large establishment will
go scot free.
The farmers have raised Peel to power. He has become
their puppet, and the modification of the Corn-laws, the repeal
of the prohibition on meat, &c., have been bargained for by an
income tax, under which the land will pay but a small propor-
tion of the amount. The amount, nevertheless, from all.
sources will be greater than Sir Robert professes to expect,
and will give him ample funds witl, which to do as he likes.
I am your obedient servant,
Westmoreland, March 18, 1842. J. G. FLEIGSON.

(FROM A CORRESPONDENT. )
The Premier having decided on recommending to Parlia-
ment the adoption of an income tax for the purpose of meeting
the deficiency in the revenue, and the acknowleged inequality
of such a tax being almost universal, while its inquisitorial oper
ration renders it odious to a large portion of the public—the
commercial and trading classes especially, it can scarcely be
necessary to offer an apology for suggesting measures which, if
adopted, would entirely obviate the necessity for so objection-
able an enactment.

In the year 1798 Mr. Pitt brought into Parliament two Bills,
the one for imposing a probate and legacy duty on personal
property ; the other for levying similar duties on real property.
'fhe first-named Bill passed into a law, and for 44 years large
sums have been raised by its operation ; but the second Bill
was abandoned; and for that long period have the owners of
real property been exempt from the. se contributions to the exi-
gencies of the State which their less fortunate fellow-subjects
have been exposed to. May it not be said with perfect truth
this is great injustice • and may it not be fearlessly asserted
that now, when the deficiency in the revenue requires extraor-
dinary supplies, that such an enactment of duty on real pro-
perty ought at once to be resorted to ? Let the amount, prin-
cipal and interest, for 44 years, be calculated, whis.h such a
duty would have produced, and it will be found that a sum little
short of three hundred million pounds have been retained in the
coffers of the landed interest. Is it not high time that
such a measure should be insisted on, and ought not
the voice of the country loudly to proclaim their sense of the
injustice of such partial taxation? Surely on every principle of
equity and good faith the Gosertnnent are called upon to avail
themselves of this resource, which it is clear would furnish so
large a supply of revenue as to render an income tax wholly
unnecessary. startling as these assertions may appear, a re•
ference to figures it is believed will satisfy the most incredulous.
The amount of the whole property of England, or rather of
Great Britain, has been estimated at 3,600,000,000/. ; now
assuming the whole of it to pay duty once in every 33 years,
the annual amount derivable therefrom would be 4,454,000/.,
and as the yearly produce of the duty on personal property is
about 1,869,000/., it follows that real property, which is chi, fly
in the hands of the nobility and rich commoners, is exempted
from an annual payment of about 2,585,0001., which in 30 years
would produce the enormous amount of 77,564,000/. How
long is such a state of things to exist? Within a few weeks
several of our wealthiest peers have been removed by death,
while their enormous landed possessions have passed to their
families without one shilling being levied on the transfer for
the use of the country. And yet who would complain if such
duties were levied? Certainly not the dead, and surely not the
survivors with any semblance of justice : and to satisfy selfish-
ness is no pat tof the duty of society or of Government. The
less fortunate holders of personal estate are daily and hourly
contributing of their substance, while those of them engaged
in trade and commerce are from dire necessity compelled to
retain in personals the whole or greater part of their pro-
perty, or their operations in business would at once come
to an end—but the landowner n;ay add, year after year, to his
estate, and yet be exonerated from all charge w inn that estate
shall pass from him to his surviving relations.
If these consideration; are allowed to have their due weight—
if our legislators can be imbued with these sentiments—it the
British public speak out on this subject, and demand in firm and
energetic language the adopt ion of a probate duty on real pro-
perty, then may England hope to Le saved from the inlctien o
that most hateful and oppressive impost, an INCOME TAX.

PETITION AGAINST THE INCOME TAX FROM LEEDS.
—The very brief interval between the first announcement by
by the rules of the Home of Com-
nn Sir Robert Peel of his intention to propose an income tax,
ani
eraga t
which,
ins against
the tax cannot to received by that
House, e signing of a general petition in this
t
this obnoxious impost. A petition was, however,
ov
town
ss the,e
a,petitions
heai dayajirst; sio t alter
s preventedtl
voted by the Leeds Anti-Corn-law Association on Thursday,
signed by Edward Baines, Esq., as Chairman of the meeting,
sud sent oWilliamAl
petitiondatnun to the House of Lords was
.' Esq., .111. P., for presenta-
tion
also sent to Earl Fitzwilliam, for presentation. After yester-
day evening, when Sir Robert Peel would formally propose the
income tax, no petition against the tax could be received in the
House of Commons ; but petitions may be sent to the House
yesterday.fft A similar
of Lords, where they would eerie to express the feelings of the
country on the subject; and we hope that many petitions will
be sent up.

- INDIA.
A military Correspondent has obligingly favoured us with the
following:—
"EXTRACT OF A LETTER DATED CAMr lIATRAT, JANUARY
21, 1842.
" The overland (Englishman) will give you full details up
to the murder of Sir W. APNlighten, Boyd, and Trevor, and
I have heard nothing since. Whatever happens afterwards,
and whatever policy ord Ellenborough may adopt, it is quite
clear we must establish our supremacy in Affghan. There are
some 10,000 troops with two Queen's at Peshawar by this
time; only waiting for the winter to pass ; and if they can only
hold out at Cabool till the end of next mouth, I think those
gents. will get a lessor. No notice yet taken in general or-
ders of any one said to be killed, and there are some thirty at
least. No rumours of Burnes and M'Naghten's successors.
We are all quiet elsewhere."
Our correspondent, in sanding this extract, writes—" I
call your attention to the above extract from a letter from an
old brother officer in Camp Hatrap, on his march to Delhi.
You will observe the date, and remember that the letter goes
straight to Bombay. You will doubtless think with me that
the report of the force having left Cabool and having been ex-
terminated, is not worth a straw. Hatrap is about 30 or 40
miles N. or N.E. of Agra.
" Harrogate, March 18. 1842."
Sir,—Should the following extracts of a letter from the
wife of my brother, Brevet Major Bellew, Assistant-Quar-
ter master-General with the force in Cabool be acceptable
for insertion in your paper, at this anxious moment, they
are much at your service. I cannot help auguring well
from them, and that the accounts of the massacre of our troops
in the Khoord Cabool Pass, stated to have been conveyed by Dr.
13ryclen to Jellalabad, are without foundation. Mrs. 13ellew's
letter is under date the 15th of January, from Mupoorie. Lady
Sale says nothing of an immediate attack having been
made on the troops on their leaving the cantonments, as stated
in Dr. 13ryden's supposed account.
March 16, 1842.

W. BELLEW.

EXTRACTS.
" On the 18th of October he (Major Bellew) having been
engaged in the first action of the passes, returned from
General Sale's force to Cabool, and stayed there with the
apparent intention of accompan)ing General Elphinstone,
also sick, to India; the sudden insurrection will have de-
tained him at Cahoot On the 19th of November, he wrote
on a slip of paper a mote for the Secretary to the Military Fund,
Calcutta, &c. &c., and footed it with a few lines to me, to the
following effect . We lost Cabebea the 2d instant, and have
been besieged in cantonments ever since. Unless a split take
place among the rebel chiefs within a month, the position of
our force will be very critical.' This strip of paper was for-
warded to Jellalabad, and thence to me, by Colonel Monteith,
on the 18th of December, with the friendly assurance that he
had every just reason to believe that Bellew was well on the
7th of December, the date of General Elphinstone's last des-
patch. &c. &c."

" On the 13th of December another most decisive action in
our favour took place, but no particulars have reached ukbeyond
that the suffering among the rebel chiefs has been so heavy,
that they are willing to surrender at our terms. From all ac-
counts it appears that peace is for the time established, and
that both parties are negotiating. The latest news from
Kurnaul says that our troops are still in the Cabool can •
tonment, and that having signed a peace, effected
through our prisoner, Dost Mahotrinted's son, Akhbar
Khan, they are well supplied with food and necessaries. A
previous report stated that they were reduced to the necessity
of eating their horses; and bejb,e that a letter from Lady
Sale, dated two marches on this side of Cabool, communi-
cated to Mrs. E--, at Simlat, that the troops were on route
to Jellalabad, under the escort of the Dost's son and brother,
having capitulated to the following terms That Sujah be
acknowledged and retained as their King, and the Dust be
sent up as their Vizier, and the British troops evacuate Aff-
ghanistan.'"

His Grace the Duke of Bedford has kindly for-
warded to the Accident Relief Society a donation of 201., n ith
permission to use his name as a patron to that excellent
society.

A letter from Porto Rico, January 25, states that
three negroes had been shot, and eight others sentenced to the
bastinado, and to be employed for ten years in hard labour on
the public works of the island, for having taken part in a re-
cent insurrection. Those condemned to be shut marched to
the place of execution with a firm and steady pace and imper-
turbable countenance, each attended by a priest, who exhorted
them to resignation. When arrived at the fatal spot they suf-
fered their eyes to be bandaged, and underwent their punish-
ment without shrinking, in the presence of a numerous assem-
blage of the population of the island.
We find in the New Harnburgh Gazette, March 11,
the folbwing statement cf the commerce carried on by Sweden
with other countries:—" Norway imports, 2,784,200 rix- dol-
lars ; exports, 966,060 Finland, 1,047,090 ; 632,850—
Russia, 1,461,920 ; 225,490—Denmark, 1,309,420 ; 2,739,160
—Prussia, 99,110; I,33o,77o—Hamburgh and Lubeck,
4,298,960; 937,810—Bremen, Mecklenburgb, and Hanover,
514,840; 1,080,172—L0w Countries, 227,670; 455,020
Belgium, 84,340 ; 201,530 Great Britain, 1,851,320;
4,B4B,BBo—France, 286,420; I,4o7,l6o—Spain, 180,150;
291,770—Portugal, 216,150; 817,130—Italian States,ll2,2lo;
236,830—Austria, • 40,720 Turkey, 32,870 ; 2,330
Egypt, —; 1,090-A!giers, —; 289,790—Barbary States,
—; 3,22o—United • States, 1,125,390; 2,574,490—We5t In-
dies, 51,690; 29,410—Brazil, 2,072 020;'385,120—La Plata,
—; 80,880— 1ndia,552,450; 835,470—Adstralia,—; 34,120."
The Akbar d'Alger of March 10th says :—" The
Governor-General set out on the 6th for Blidah with his
family. It is thought that he will remain there about a week.
We learn from Mostaganem that the passage from that town
to Oran may be now undertaken without escort, and that
parties of twenty and thirty proceed to Mascara without the
slightest interruption. On the night of the 7th the harbour
of Algiers was_quite alive with light and elegant boats, splen-
didly light up, and accompanied by military music. The shore
was lined with spectators, and the presence of young and ele
gant women added to the charm of the scene. It was a fish.
ing expedition, undertaken with a view to raise a fund for the:
poor,. and we learn that its end was attained."

Among the newspaper reports—for we believe it to
be nothing more,—of the day, we find the following in- several
f our contemporaries :—" It is said that English agents have
arrived at Paris for the purpose of coming to some understand-
ing with the French Government on the means of establishing
a telegraphic line from London to Calcutta, across France, and
through Italy, Greene, and the Red Sea, to India. It is said
that an English engineer has demonstrated the possibility of
this great undertaking."

The Prussian State Gazette gives the following sta-
tistical table of the quantity of raw iron annually produced in
Europe : Great Brita.n, '29,632,000 quintals ; France,
6;763,900 ; Russia, including the Ural Provinces, 3,820,000 ;
Belgium, 2,917,350 ; that part of Germany comprehended in
the Cuttoms' Union, 2,550,762; the part not included in the
Union, 143,500; Austrian monarchy, 1,820,000; Sweden,
1,455,245; Sardinia, 240,000; Tuscany, 120,000 ; Parma,
29,000; Modena and Naples, 15,000 ; Spain, 2552,000; Po-
land, 184,000 ; Norway, 107,420; Luxembourg, 60,000 ;
Switzerland, 14,000; Portugal, 8,400, The bar-iron taken
immediately from the mines may be estimated at 236,565
quintals.

We find the following in the Commerce :—" The
house of M. D., a banker at Dolbec, in Normandy, having
been several times attempted to be forcibly entered in the
night, he engaged a police officer to come and keep watch in-
side. About two o'clock on Saturday morning the robbers
made their appearance again, and with a centre-bit had made
a large hole in the door of the office, when the officer rushed
out, and seized a man by the collar. M. D. himself was in
another room also on the watch, but it had been agreed that
he should not come forth unless the officer should call for his
assistance. Hearing the struggle, however. he could not mist
the impulse, and in the dark grappled:with the officer instead
of the thief. On this, the officer conceiving he had two men
to' contend with, drew a pistol, discharged it, and wounded
M. D., whose cries prevented another shot, which would, in
all probability. have been fatal. In the confusion thus created,
the housebreaker made his escape. The wound of M. D. is
said to be seriously alarming to his family and friends."
The death of Dr. Forbes took place on his crosing
a branch of the lake Lhouk on a raft: he there saw Ibrahim
Khan and others load and level their guns, when he turned
pale, and said his fatal day was come. He asked them for
what purpose they had loaded, and they said to shoot hugs.
Theyimmediately fired at him, but without effect, but the se-
cond time the Khcn took a more deliberate aim, and he being
wounded, fell from the raft into the water. He made
his way to the shore, and pleaded for his life, saying, "nay
countrymen are many, and will take vengeance for my blood;
do not resist them." The Khan, however, abused him, and
struck him. with his sword, on which Dr. Forbes asked him
again to save his life, and said they might take all his property.
He put up his hands in the attitude of prayer, in which posi-
tion he was slain by their repeated attacks. Dr. Forbes was a
very young man, and in 1838 made an ascent of the Singha-
shill in Arabia.

THE LATE DUKE OF NORFOLK.—The mortal re-
mains of the Duke of Norfolk are to be removed at an early
hour on Wednesday morning for Arundel, Sussex. The fune-
ral cortege will reach Horsham late at night, and on the follow-
ing morning will resume its route to Arundel, where it is ex-
pected to arrive about two o'clock, and the interment will
shortly afterwards take place, the whole of the heralds and
officers of the College of Arms officiating at the obsequies.
Lord Dillon left town by an early train for the,
Earringdon-road station on Friday ; gallopped from thence to
the Sun, at Burford, where he breakfasted, mounted his hunter,
and appeared at cover with Earl Ducie's hounds, eight miles oft:
After some hours sport his Lordship returned to town in time
for dinner the same evening, thus travelling eighty miles to
cover, then hunting, and eighty miler, to town, the same day.
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AT WOOLIVICII.—Abcut half-
past three o'clock on Saturday morning, flames were perceived
engine attached to their under the command
of Lieutenant issuing from the roof of the Bull Tavern, Bull-fields, kept by
Mr. Boyd, late sergeant in the Royal Artillery. On the alarm
being given,
the
Royal
Yorke,R.E. v
Sappers
kith the
ine
barracki, were promptly on the spot. 14 hen the conflagration
had assumed a very serious aspect, and the bar and roof were
falling at quick intervals on thou who were in the house, a pri-
vate of the Sappers and Miners, whose name wet understood to
be Malcolm Campbell, was suddenly struck with the recollec-
tion that Mr. Boyd, who was in a partial state of insensibility,
was in the room within the bar. Campbell at once rushed into
the inner apartment and dragged the landlord through the
flames into the street. Several men of the different corps were
at the same time engaged in removing all ignitable artic:es front
the vicinity of the fire, and when engaged in this hazardous and
important business, the whole of :hose so employed were severely
injured by the falling of the principal wall of the building upon
them. Two men of the Royal Artillery, one of them belong-
ing to the band, five sappers arid miners, and two others were
conveyed to the hospital, but they are now considered out of
danger.
DEATH OF THE EARL OF 11.1AccLEsrim.D.—It be-
comes our duty to announce the demise of the above venerable.
nobleman, who expired last evening, at twenty minutes pass
seven, at his town residence in Conduit-street. The Earl has
for some months past been confined to his bed. The deceased,
George Parker, was Earl of Macclesfield, county Chester,
Viscount Parker of Ewelme, county Oxford, and Baton Par
ker of Macclesfield, in the peerage of Great Britain, and eldest
son of Thomas, third Earl of Macclesfield, by Marv, eldest
daughter of the late Sir William Hea,hcote, Bart. He wai
born the 24th of February, 1755, and had consequently at.
tamed the great age of 87 years. The deceased, who sucee, ded
to the title 9th February, 1795, married, 2.51 n May, 1780, Mary
Frances, second daughter and co-heir of the late Rev. Tho ,
Drake, D. D., and by her ladyship, who died in 1823, the noble
Earl had issue, Lady Maria, born 23d Japuary, 1781 (the
Countess of Haddington), and the lion. George, who died
when an infant. The late Earl, in 1790, represented Mine-
head in the house of Commons. He sv.s Comptroller of the
King's (George III.) Household, from 1791 to 1797, and front
being appointed a Privy Councillor in 1791, on heron selected
by his Majesty to fill that situation in the Royal Household, was
the oldest member of the Privy Council, with the exception of
Viscount Sidmouth, who was appointed rthe same year. He
was Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorurn of the county of
Oxford (whirr, of course, becomes now in the gift of the Pre-
mier) ; High Steward 4 Henley ; a Doctor of Civil Law, and
a Fellow of the Royal Society. The noble Earl is succeeded
in din family honours and estates by his only brother the Hon.
Thomas Parker.

it is a singular fact that a lady residing at Holy
Island, aged B'2, has, within these few weeks, cut two new
tel.:- tem irk Advertiser.

LITERATURE.
CASTLES AND ABBEYS OF ENGLAND.
Part IL Mortimer and Haselden. London, 1842.
The idea of this work—as we observed in our notice
of the first Part—is a good one, and will please by the
force of associati on and recollection in the reader's mind,
for who is there that has not, at one time or other,
gazed with wonder and delight on some of our fine old
monastic and baronial edifices, and recalled at the sight
a host of inspiring historical reminiscences ? To have
visited Tintern Abbey and Warwick Castle are epochs
in a man's life—at least if he has the slightest imagi-
nation—for each is perfect of its kind, and revives a
thousand stirring recollections of the olden time, when
the mitred Abbot and the mailed Baron were lords of
the ascendant in--;--what Mr. Daniel calls—" Merrie
England." In the work before us, it is proposed to
give pictorial illustrations, accompanied with appro-
priate letter -press explanations, not of one or two
only, but of all the remarkable Castles and Abbeys in
the country; and if we may judge from the spirit
and taste evinced in the Parts already published, we
should augur that the speculation will be a successful
one. In the present Part, there is a picturesque
sketch of that fine old relic or ancient magnificence
St. Alban's Abbey. ,

CURIOSITIES OF LITERATURE. Part Vl,

_ .
Mo.von, London, 1842.
The present Part of this well-known, enter-
taining, and, to a certain extent, instructive
work, contains an admirable essay on " The
Philosophy of Proverbs," and another entitled
6' The History of New Words." The work, we
understand, will be completed in twelve Parts,
of which six have already appeared.

DRAMATIC WORKS OF TVYCHERLEY, CON-
GREVE, VANBURGH, 6.c. Part VI.
31-oxon, London, 1842.
This Number contains not less than four of our.
most sterling comedies, and is got up with much
neatness, as is the case with all Mr. Moxon's re-
publications.

RAMBLES IN THE COUNTRY.
Thomas Miller, .Newyate• street.
Our English counties have of late years been
brtunate in the production of original and think-
ing minds among the mass of their working
population, and of these, who by virtue of
self-culture, have risen superior to their early
lot, at least a score have blossomed between
Sheffield and Nottingham. It is from the
former of these places that Mr. Spencer Hall,
the author of these rural saunters, derives his
paternity, and exhibits another instance, in his
own person, that the mechanic, in his (lust and
lowliness, carries in him the true elements of hu-
manity; and, though born the denizen of a
thatched cot or a mud hovel, has a mind fitted to
receive the rays of knowledge, and a capacity
for communing with nature and her beauties.
At a " Sherwood Feast," held by upwards of
100 labourers, artizans, and farmers, in the
vicinage-of the old Forest, last year, Mr. Hall
recounted to his guests the growth and origin of
his awaking fortunes. The method by which he
learned to read was novel. His father was a
shoemaker, and having several- tiers of last rails
in his work-shop, got the alphabet printed in
large and small characters, and pasted these at
intervals along the rails. As soon as young
Spencer could scramble about, he tried to walk
by holding on these rails; the letters caught his
eye and amused him, and thus he learned simul-
taneously to walk and read. During his boy-
hood, every occupation that offered itself in the
locality—stocking-weaving, cotton-winding, pc),
tato and barley-planting, distracted his attention
by turns for the procurement of his daily liveli-
hood. But amid these perpetual harass-
ments the original spirit of the man burned
restlessly for information, and the food
of books was the manna on which he fed, when-
ever, and at all times that he could obtain them.
For books and conversation, the pawnbroker,
the schoolmaster, and the exciseman had his
gratitude, the last of whom enriched hint with a
copy of Franklin. With odd halfpence and
savings he procured sundry little sixpenny tracts,
which he devoured, and engaged himself in the
affectionate employment, forming the first essays
of his yet untried pen, in writing the love-letters
of a fellow-companion, since dead. He next
served an apprenticeship of seven years under
Mr. Shaw, the publisher of the _Nottingham
Review, and his suc2essor was so well gratified
with his exertions, as at the expiration of that
time to advance him a sum of money,
capable of enabling him to raise his
own printing office. Subsequently, he started
the Sherwood Penny Magazine. From his
rambles in the rich wild sceneries of Hal-
lamsbire he published an account of Robin
Hood and his haunts, while his later rambles in
Sheffield and its adjacent parts form the sub-
stance of the present imprint. If judgment may
be drawn from the pages before us, Mr. Hall is
possessed of an affectionate and thoughtful mind,
whose inherent excellexce colours with its own
pleasant light no less the scenes on which he
dwells, than the persons with whom he mingles;
and the appreciation of his honourable principles
was marked in more cases than his marriage, by
bestowals of high favour on him by his masters.
Whether the reader accompany him over the
Mapperley Hills—luxuriate in his company
amid the green glades of Sherwood—soliloquise
-with him over the " Riley grave-stones," or
rejoice among the trossachy wildernesses of
Grives—Mr. Hall will always delight with his
natural joyfulness of heart, and instruct with his
antiquarian scrap* of " Little John" and " bold
forester Robin." It is pleasureable to observe
that Mr. Hall's quondam friend and acquaint-
ance, Mr. Thomas Miller, the basket-maker,
now in London, whom our author speaks of as
having noticed him in " his low estate," by
"inviting him to his humble abode, and reading
his manuscripts to him," is the publisher of his
present book.

KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE.
Knight, London, 1842.
In this Number (which is the forty-first) we have
the entire play of Pericles, illustrated, as usual, with
several clever engravings, and containing, at the end
of the drama, some remarks, whose object is to prove
that it was undoubtedly Shakspeare's production.

SLAVE STATES OF AMERICA.-2 Vols.
Fisher, London, 1842.
_ _ .

,
• In his former volumes on the United States,
Mr Buckingham confined Isis observations chiefly
to the North; his present ones are taken up with
sketches of the South—that is to say, of the Slave
States of America. He visited in succession all
the chief towns and cities of this vast region,
taking careful notes as he proceeded, of every-
thing worthy of remark ; and was particularly
struck—though 'probably not much surprised=
with the deep hold that the question of
slavery had taken of men's minds. Every-
where he found them prejudiced to the last
and bitterest degree on this point. As -for ar-
guing with them, the bare idea was ridiculous,
for though candid, moderate, and quick-sighted
enough en other matters, here they tolerated
not even a hint of a difference of opinion. A
prudent reserve, therefore, became indispensably
necessary, for had Mr. I3uckingham openly
avowed that he was an abolitionist, and looked on
slavery as the disgrace and curse of the southern
States, it is more than probable that. he would
have fallen a victim to his frankness, and beets
Lynched without the slightest ceremony. His
volumes furnish. us with little that is novel,
whether in fact or. argument, on this difficult
duestion ; but as they discuss it in a rational and
ispassionate manner, diligently avoiding any
high-wrought appeals to the passions, they will
make just the sort of deep and lasting impression
that the author would most desire to make on
the minds of his readers. In Virginia, observes
Mr. Buckingham, the soil has been so much
exhausted, that the wealth of the planter consists
chiefly, if not entirely, in his negroes.
" These," he goes on to remark, " are regularly bred and
multiplied for sale, like cattle; and as the progeny increases,
the more saleable portions are selected, and brought on to the
South, or sent to the slave-market at Washington, or some-
times sold in Virginia itself. They are thus passed on from
the State where their labour is not in demand to the rising
States and territories in which labour is in request ;
and, accordingly, in the Augusta Papers, as in the Washing-
ton Journals, every day are to be seen advertisements offering
cash for likely negroes ! A slave-trade is thus carried on
throughout the Southern States, under the gentle name of
the removal of slaves from one state to another ;' and it
leads to the separation of husband and wile, of parents a, d
children, of brothers and sisters, without the most distant
hone of their ever meeting again; and from all the infor-
mation I could obtain on this subject, the negroes feel the
separations as acutely as any whites can do, and are un-
happy for years afterwards. Here, however, as every-
where throughout the South, slavery is a topic on which no
man, and above all, a foreigner, can open his lips without
imminent personal danger, unless it is to def,nd and uphold
the system. The violence of the measures taken against the
few who from time to time venture to express themselves is
favour of abolition is such as to strike terror into others. I
feel assured that it would not be so dangerous for a man to
I preach the right of resistance to despotic authority in St.
Petersburg or Vienna, to inveigh against. Popery at Home, or
to denounce Mahomedanism at Constantinople, as it would be
for him to proclaim himself either by his pen or his tongue, ass
1 abolitionist in the slay..-holding Stases."

In another place, spLakum.,
.on the subject,
Mr. Buckingham observes it was not denied
that there were many instances in which white
men became fathers of offspring by their
own negro women ; and as the children fol-
low the fate of their mothers, such offspring
would
be his slaves, and might be lawfully
sold by him as his property, and Viol were
so disposed of !" With the city of New Orleans,
the capital of the South, the author was greatly
delighted. According to him, it is one of the
gayest and most bustling places in the world,

-----
remarkable for its noble display of shipping, its
passion for balls, theatricals, and all sorts of
public and private amusements its splendid
,
I buildings, and, more particularly, its superb ho-
i
te!s. Its inhabitants, however, have an ugly
trick (the monsters!) of mot paying for their
newspapers, and hence the Editors of the
New Orleans Journals are kept in a constant
state of tribulation and discomfiture ! Now we
look on the habit of zion-payment—particularly
when it exhibits itself in this repulsive form—as
one of the blackest sins that a man can commit.
We can forgive him for not paying a tailor's or an
apothecary's bill ; his non-payment of a lawyer's
bill we can almost admit to be a virtue; but
we cannot find it in our hearts to excuse his
non-payment of his daily newspaper. Such an
omission argues a degree of moral depravity that
cannot but deeply shock the nice sensibilities of
all who are disinterestly engaged in accelerating
the March of Mind! We close our brief notice
of these volumes, with the remark that they con-
tain some spirited descriptions of voyages up the ,
Mississipi, and, generally speaking, arc impartial
in their views of " Men and Things" in America

LUTIIER. A Poem.

" The following pages," says Mr. Robert Montgo•
inery, in his Preface, are an attempt to reflect in a
poetical form, by a series of mental tableaux, some of
the prominent features and prevailing expressions in
the life, character and work, of the fearless Luther.
Though each view be divided and distinct, yet it is
hoped that, in the spirit of its resulting effect, the
poem will be found combined into the unity of a
moral whole." As regards " unity," Mr. Montgo-
mery's poem has not much to boast of—at least so far
as design is concerned, for it is by no means confined
to an illustration of Luther's character, but is con-
stantly wandering into matters utterly irrelevant.
The author's fondness for description, in which he
chiefly excels, is an ignis fatuus that is for ever lead-
ing him from his right track into marshes and quag-
mires,
from which he with difficulty emerges. We
look on his poem, therefore, rather as a collection of ;
striking insulated passages, thrown together without
method or logical consecutiveness, than as one com-
plete, effective, and consistent whole. It is, in fact,
a solemn rhapsody, or rather detached series of rhap-
sodies, on Life, Death, and the great Mysteries of
Mind and of Creation, for which Luther, and the
strange incidents in his career, form the mere pretexts.
Its moral tone, however, is consistently maintained
throughout; and in this sense—but in this sense only
—it may lay claim to the praise of " unity." That
Mr. Montgomery has elaborated it with uncommon
care, is evident in every page, but we hardly think
that his most laboured passages are his most success-
ful ones. Few people walk easily or gracefully on
stilts, or on tip-toe; and our author is no exception to
this rule. He pleases most when he is most natural
and unaffected, and lays aside that ambitious air of '
pretension with which he is but too apt to enunciate
the merest common-places. Words, however bulky
and sonorous, are not ideas, nor is common-place less
common-place, because it is shrouded in cloudy and
verbose phraseology. We have said that Mr. Mont-
gomery excels in description; he does so in a high
degree,. as the following fervid and eloquent passage
will prove :

But, in the cross and by the cross perused,
How featured with significance sublime
And beautiful, this breathing world becomes !
Creation, by the plastic charm of faith
Transmuted, like a boundless temple stands,
Haunted and hallowed with perpetual Christ.
Lo ! the broad earth a solemn area seems,
And the arch'd sky a bended ceiling grows,
Whose lamps are planets in their burning shrines;
Wonder is priestess ' • and the mingled choirs,—
The organ music roll'd from waves and winds,
While the deep worship is th' unconscious swell
Of Nature, when her blent hosannahs rise,
To bless the Architect and Lord of all.
There is another passage executed in the same spi-
rit, with but one exception, which we shall presently
notice :

Though the sun
Burn like a sacrament of beams,
Filling our eyes with reverential light
To watch him ; though the moon's poetic brow
Be lovely, calm'd with most celestial grace,
And yonder meek and melancholy stars
Thrill like the pathos of eternity
Our pensive bosom, not in these we beast,
Though beautiful ; nor in the sacred Deep,
That chants his lone and everlasting hymn
Of waters, like the psalmody of waves
In worship; nor in all the gorgeous Things
'that Nature iu her granaries of life
Concentres, can the God-taught spirit trace
Matter for largest triumph.—Nor can Mind,
Such wonder claim as that Great Scene demands,
That once on Zion did on God reflect
Back on His glory with retorted blaze—
Himself !—in full expression there reveale%.,
When burst thy heart, Immanuel !
What does Mr. Montgomery mean by " the pathos
of eternity ?" In the Scriptural sense in which he
uses the term, it conveys no distinct idea to the mind;
for there are but two forms in which eternity can de-
velope itself—that, we mean, for the good, and that
for the wicked; the former is the eternity of rapture
—the latter, certainly not of " pathos," but of a far
deeper sentiment—namely, " wailing and gnashing
of teeth." To apply the word " pathos," therefore,
to the biblical notion of eternity, is a sheer absurdity.
But vao•ue, unmeaning figures of speech like this,
abound in " Luther." Thus we are told that priest-
craft and falsehood are

That terrific pair
Who poisoned truth, and made the Church become
The gaol where thought was guillotined, and died !
Conceive the idea of guillotining thought—that is to
say, of applying a material weapon of destruction to
an immaterial essence! Really fustian of this sort
would disgrace a fourth-form school-boy ! Here is
another specimen of our author's lax and incongruous
mode of expression :
The sightless finger of the fairy breeze
Wanders about, and with a dimpling touch
Ripples a stream, or turns the air to song,
Till, like a psalmody of woven breeze,
Fancy admires it.
Begging Fancy's pardon, she must be a great ass to
admire any such operation on the part of the " light-
fingered" zephyr ; and a still greater noodle if she
imagines herself capable of conceiving anything like
a "woven breeze!" The idea is evidently drawn
from the loom of a Manchester manufacturer, which
is about the last place we should ever suspect a
poet of resorting to for imagery. Having thus pointed
out some of the defects of " Luther," it is but right
that we turn to the brighter side ; and that we may
not be supposed to part with Mr. Montgomery in ill-
humour, we quote a fine and solemn passage de-
scriptive of the mysterious influence that Night at
times exercises over the thinking faculties :

Deep trance of night ! a mystic power is thine,
That properties creation with a charm
Beyond what day-dreams in their brightest glow
Can emanate, whate'er the scene they gild.
But, oh ! if ever into heart of man
The Midnight, like a mute religion sent
Her spirit, surely, when the captured monk
Down the dim chambers of the Wartburg paced,
Thy genius then in solemn glory reign'd.
There, by his window'd turret, lofty, bleak,
And lone, unharm'd, in holy peace he mused,
The past revolved, and o'er the future pray'd.
But there be moments in this life of ours
Beyond the weak apocalypse of words
To e'er unveil ; so charged with secret might,
They master with perplexity immense,
Or into voiceless sentiment transform
Our inward being; like a cloud, we seem to float
In formless vacancy, with fruitless gloom
Begirt ant blinded, till forced nature feels
By truth rcplenish'd, and uistinctive thoughts
Rise from the heart, pathetic, soft, profound,
Like tears of pity in a good man's eye.
Then all we have been, are, or hope to be,
Blends in strange climax, and the soul's o'ersway'd
With big emotion, or with breathless prayer.
All that ne have been—yes 1 the night restores.
Form after form wo loved, or knew, or fear'd,
Moves o'er the platform of the summon'd past,
While dead eyes open, and familiar smiles
Fall on our hearts; or household voices ring.

NEWSTOKE PRIORS. 3 Vols,
Bentley, London, 1842.
The object of this tale is to show the folly—
not to say the misery—of a life devoted to ava-
rice, and bent solely, no matter by what means,
on the inordinate acquisition of gain. This useful
' moral is illustrated by the career of Frederick
Vavasour, a young man of good family con-
nexions, but as poor as a church mouse, who
early in life marries a beautiful orphan girl as
poor as himself. Shortly after their union she
dies, leaving two children, one of whom is taken
to reside with a maiden aunt, while the other,
Blanche the heroine of the story—remains
under her father's roof. As Mr. Vavasour,
though related to a rich old gentleman of the
same name, who owns the fine estate of New-
stoke Priors, is merely a curate, with the Slen-
derest possible income, he is compelled to prac-
tice the most rigid economy; and this habit,
pursued from necessity for years, eventually de-
generates into confirmed avarice. Gold, in fact,
is the only idol that Mr. Vavasdur worships, and
so earnest becomes his desire Air its acquisition,
that on the death of his relation, the wealthy
proprietor of Newstoke Priors, he is induced to
burn his will, by which he had left the estate to
another relation, Edward Vavasour; and in
consequence of the deceased thus appearing to
die intestate, the whole of his landed property
devolves on the guilty miser. But increase of
wealth brings no increase of happiness; on the
contrary, fear, distrust, and remorse, are engen-
dered in Frederick Vavasonr's mind, and he
gradually sinks beneath an accumulated load of
suffering. After his death, Newstoke Priors
is'restored to the rightful owner, Edward Vava-
sour, who marries Blanche ,after• the usual mis-
takes, mistrusts, arid misapprehensions, on both
sides. The principal personages in this story use
sketched with a firm, bold, steady hand. Frede-
rick, the miser, in particular, is drawn with ex-
ceeding skill, and the gradual progress of his
debasing, soul-blighting infirmity, exhibited

with an ability that /7—..""-------------roves theAnauotlldior to be we. I
Lreeatditiian
Brausby,the i, human liasnalsnoelalrstp. spirited tholuiigaili'soiples-s
indeed, hysterical.
what coarse, sketch. There is nothinf.-
i
nor
.exciting in the narrative;
one
portion of it—that, we mean, Where
Frederick
.k
Vavasour is represented as destroying the erl'cll,
and thinks himself unobserved—Miss Waddwinig-
ton is, we think, too cold and tame ; the scene
is one that would have warranted far more im-
passioned treatment. Calm, uniform good sense,
however, is the author's forte, and not strong
sensibility, for the delineation of which she
appears to have no relish. Her novel is of a
quiet, domestic character, true to life in the
main, and therefore very likely to find numerous
admirers. For our own part, we infinitely prefer
it to the tales of the convulsive and spasmodic
school.

LORD CAMPBELL'S SPEECHES.
Black, Edinburgh, 1842.
The speeches contained in this volume were deli-
vered between the years 1830 and 1841, either at the
Bar or in Parliament, and are characterised, if not by
brilliant, impassioned eloquence, or caustic wit and
humour, at least by strong good sense; and force an. d
ingenuity of argument, set off by the graces of a
simple, colloquial, but uniformly graceful style. Lord
Campbell is anything but an ambit? us or flowery
orator ; he essays no lofty flights of declamation,
makes no incursions into the airy regions of fancy ;
but maintains an even, sober tone throughout his
speeches. Occasionally, but not often, we detect in
him something of the sly, shrewd humour of the
Scotchman ; and lie is essentially national in his self-
possession, and readiness and dexterity in argument.
His speech on Parliamentary Reform—cold as it may
be deemed by some—is well worth a re•perusal, if
only for its abundant display of adroit reasoning,
and the quiet, but triumphant manlier in which it
disposes of the favourite common-places of the Anti-
Reformers. Many more flashy and animated speeches
were delivered during that stormy period ; but we are
acquainted with few that will better bear the test of
a rigid examination. By a note attached to this able
oration, we are informed-that Mr. Croker has " re-
gistered a row in Heaven" never to "sit in a Re-
formed Parliament." Really this is afflicting intelli-
gence .to the three kingdoms which constitute Great
Britain ! Think of the author of " Talavera '—a
poem whose lot it was to break its publisher's
heart, and mesmerize every reader who had the hardi-
hood to read a page of it ;—think, we say, of a
statesman and poet like this, solemnly recording his
determination never again to enliven a British Senate
by his 'fancy, or enlighten it by his Burke-like pre-
science and sagacity! The Right Honourable Gen-
tleman has much to answer for in registering so un-
patriotic a vow, for he cannot but be aware that be-
reaved Albion daily bewails his retirement in sack-
cloth and ashes, and, like Rachel mourning for her -
children, " refuseth to be comforted." But there is
balm in Gilead; and though a Croker be lost to us, it
is soothing to reflect that we still possess a D'lsraeli,
for which last inestimable blessing we feel that we
can never be sufficiently grateful to Divine Provi-
dence. But to return from a digression into which
the pardonable sensibilities of patriotism have be-
trayed us. Those who desire to get a taste of Lord
Campbell's best and most characteristic manner should
read his famous speech on the trial of Norton v.
Melbourne, which exhibits all the best qualities of an
advocate—shrewdness, quick insight into character,
unerring appreciation of motives, harmonious and
methodical disposition of argument, racy touches -of
sarcasm, and, not unfrequently, a strain of feeling that
makes a direct and forcible appeal to t'he heart. His
Lordship has dedicated his volume to his brother, Sir
George Campbell, of Edenwood ; and the language of
the Dedication deserves praise for its modest and un-
affected simplicity.

FINE ARTS:—
BENEVOLENCE.
As this plate professes to be merely a preparatory
etching for a highly-finished mezzotinto engraving, it
would not be quite fitir to subject it to a minute and
rigid criticism ; we shall content ourselves, therefore,
with the remark, that what the artist proposed to ac-
complish he has accomplished, and most successfully.
His outlines are all distinctly and naturally defined,
and when his pleasing group of the widow and her
young family comes to be filled up, and have some
deeper shadows thrown into it, the added force and
variety of expression thereby imparted to it, will pro-
duce all the effect that the engraver could possibly de-
sire. The subject of the sketch is one of simple,
but deep and obvious interest. Two young
ladies are represented as having just entered the
cottage of a poor widow, who is surrounded by her
children, one of whom .rests her head on the mother's
shoulder, while a second is playing with a coral
in her lap, and a third nestles close by her side,
as if half-scared by the entrance of the stran-
gers. A prettier and more interesting family group
it would be difficult to find. The widow moves
evidently in the humblest walks of rustic life,
but all that is coarse and squalid in such life, is
studiously kept out of sight ; and we see nothing but
what it is delighful to contemplate—the peace, the
simplicity, the neatness, and good order a a homely,
but carefully tended household. The refined taste
of the artist has elevated his sultject, without lifting
it up into the ideal, or violating probability. Rus-
tic life has its poetic as well as its prose side,
and the glimpse we here catch of it, is the one that
is most attractive to the fancy just such a sketch,
indeed, as Burns has presented to us' in his " Cotter's
Saturday Night." The countenances of the fair
visitors, who are gazing with benevolent interest at
the mother and her young children, are full of cha-
racteristic expression. The plate is engraved by
Egleton, from an original painting by Drummond.

ENGLAND IN THE NINETEENTH CEN-
TURY. How and Parsons, London, 1842.
The twos Parts before us of this periodical contain
descriptions of the counties of Cornwall and Lanca-
shire, accompanied by illustrations, exocuted by
some of our ablest engravers in a very supe-
rior style of art. The sketches of Liverpool
convey a very vivid idea of the architectural beauty
of this rising and wealthy town, and no public build-
ing of importance, or place of popular resort is omit-
ted. Some of he most striking and picturesque
scenes of Cornwall are also delineated with rare skill
and spirit. Of its sort, the present work is decidedly
the best of the day, and far surpasses all our old Eng-
glish itineraries, both as respects design and execution.

HALL'S` IRELAND. Part 17.
How and Parsons. London, 1842.
The account of the city of Dublin, which deserves
praise for its singular minuteness and accuracy, is
brought to a close in this Part, which contains, in
addition, some curious details of the scenery, prin-
cipal towns, romantic buildings, and other peculiari-
ties of the county of Meath. The Part is embellished
with two excellent engravings, a neat and careful
map of Cavan, Westmeath, and Meath.

-----
The form with which the old governess, mixing
up grace with gracefulness, duly prefaced their rice milk, bat-
ter puddings, and raspberry bolsters was this :—" For what
we are going to receive—elbows, elbows !—the Lord make us—
hacks in anti shoulders down—truly thankful—and no chat.
ter tug—Amen. "-I%e Schoolmistress Abroad.
The Massager, alluding to the statement of the
Gazette des Tribunaux, relative to an affair in the Rue Mau-
conseil, on Sunday, between the soldiers of the poste and
some persons who had quarrelled with the sentinel, declares
that the poste was not turned out by the non-commissioned
otlieer on duty until the persons whom the sentinel had desired
to remove had wrested his bayonet from him, and a numerous
and turbulent crowd bad assembled.
The responsible editor of the Gazette d' Auvergne
has been found guilty by the Court of Assize of the Puy do
Dome of a defamatory libel upon the Prefect of the Puy de
Dose, and the Procureur General of the Cour Royale of
ltiom, on a notice of the proceedings in the Chamber of De-
puties relative to the letter to the Minister of Justice, alluded
to M. lsambert, end sentenced to six months' intprisoumeut,
and a fine of -I,ooof.

MARKET 130SWORTIL—Six large trees were felled
a short time ago in Bosworth field, for the purpose of making
the framework of a set of bells about to be put up in Newark
church, and while the workmen ws-re employed in sawing the
beams, in cuttin., into the heart of a tree' they met with some
obstruction, which was found to proceed from a bullet, sup-
posed to have lodged there in the battle of Bosworth field, in
1 46.5. —.Leicestershire Mercury.
The Preeurseur de l' ()nest of Angers states, that,
three days ago, M. Cornilleau, a printer of that place, having
presented himself to the tribunal of first instance to take the
usual oath, and produced his license signed by M. Duerchatel,
the Minister of the Interior; the Court hesitated to receive his
oath, as the signature of the license, was wholly illegible. Tha
document was rent to the Prefect as being more ucquainted with
the signature of the Minister than the Tribunal, and having
been returned certified, M. Cornilleau was allowed to take
the oath.

The Commerce states that a woman died lately
at St. Michel d'Urfe, near Saint Etienne in the Lire, in cos,
sequeace of the Cesarian operation being performed upon bet
by her own mother assisted by two other persons.
cuu„„_RATEs. —Their violent and irreligious
exactions, their seizing of pots and pans. . . . These, from
houses,therewhom
is
their"o
of
lenteim„ses grounds, out of
s of treble value;
goo ds sanctuaryof d,ous ,
t) Tbeikz.,
for that, which did not covetousness and rapine blind thetu,
they know not to be their own."—John
Two day 3 ago, as a gentleman and his wife, with
their daughter, a child between eight and nine years old, were
looking at the shops in the Passage des Panoramas, the little girl
complained that some one was pulling her hair. The moan,
un turning to see mhat was the matter, found that the whole
of the young child's hair behind, which was ilaiied in two
long tresses and hung down her back, had been cut off. A
man was at the same time seen running away, and soon lost W
sight.
A letter from Schwerin says the present Grinitl Duke
Frederick Francis, on coming to the Grand Ducal throne by
the death of his father on the 7th inst., immediately issued a
proclamation announcing the event to his subjects, and declaring
that, being of full age, according to the family oompact of 23d
June, 1841, he had assumed the reins of government.
The 'hare of Bayonne of the 15th inst. relates that
a few days before, a band of about twelve Spanish snaugglaz
were about to make their way over the boundary between
France and Spain, ti hen a much :mailer party of custom-how,
officers at tem sled to stop them. A conflict ensued, in whiaal
fl
four of the o leers were more or less severely Wounded, and „„,
of the Spaniards was killed and another wounded. "r e