The Sun.
London, England, 1829-01-24 00:00:00

LISBON GAZETTES.

LITERATURE.

THE DISOWNED.--LoNnox, 1829.

The author of " Pelham" and " The Dis•
owned" has added considerably to the literary
treasures of his age. He has imparted a moral
elevation to ktitiotts hisiory, in Which it has
hitherto been nearly., if not quite deficient. Dis.-
"Satisfied with Mere vivacity of Style, piatiancy,Of
„t, 6 ~
Mt; freiilin:l:B 01 niventton, or variety of incident,
though he possesses all these attractive combina-
tions in quite sufficient abundance, he has looked
to ahigherobject—hehas regarded the moral im7
' provement of his reader, and aimed at instruct-
itig hirfi through the medium of his fancy. His
first novel of " Pelham" was remarkable for the
excessive smartness of its scarcely concealed
satire, and iichry i6blblired manner
in hire. lis characters were painted. But
these last, however ingenious, were the creatures
not of reality but of imagination. They were
drawn from books not men, and had scarcely a
prototype in nature. They were merely so many
dexterous varieties of one and the same genius
*hich itself breathed through every character, and
enforced them with its own particular humour.
Thus, notwithstanding the great difference be-
tween them, of Mr. Job Johnson and Pelham,
they were evidently children of the same pare:it.
The wit of the one•was but a different reading
of the other, the same also with their mutual
wayward eccentricity, and humourous love of
adventure. In fact, the lights and shadows of
the author's own recherche turn of mind fell
nearly equally on both. With regard to Sir
Reginald Glanville, the more impassioned hero
of " Pelham," he was evidently drawn from
Godwin's singular and chivalrous creation of
Falkland in " Caleb Williams. " Both were
essentially men of one idea—however lofty might
be that one—and both fell victims to the
discomfiture of the one favourite feeling. But
there are scenes in " Pelham" that will repay a
thousand such trivial defects as the ones we have
hinted at, and which the world " will not easily
let die." We allude more especially to the ad-
venture in the thieves' flash-house in the West-

minster-road —a most impressive piece of writ-
ing—to the death of Sir John Tyrrell, and the
entire account of Pelham's frolics at Paris.
Nor must we omit the singularly skilful unravel-
ling of the plot, which is wound up and un-
folded with a dexterity worthy of fielding.
The " Disowned" is a novel of far higher
pretensions. It has something but not much
of the sly humour of " Pelham," but as a
whole is cast in a loftier and more comprehen-
sive mould. It is a work of grave and solid
pretensions, abounding in materials for thought,
and developing favourite principles with great
metaphysical acumen. So far as plot is
concerned, it is desultory and-,improbable,
but as regards style, sentiment, and character,
we really know not at the present day, among
the novelists now immediately before the public,
where to find its equal. Our favourite hero is
Algernon Mordaunt, whose sorrows .are p9ur-
trayed with exquisite pathos ; as also the death
of his young wife Isabel ; and who stands- forth
in fine relief to the politic hypocrite Crauford.
We subjoin a specimen of this truly dramatic
contrast, with which our circumscribed limits
compel us to conclude :

One evening, when Cranford had joined Glendocver
in his solitary wanderings, the dissembler renewed his
at tacks.

" But why not," said he, " accept front my friendship
what to my benevolence you would deny? I couple with
my offers, my prayers rather, no conditions. How then
do you, can you, reconcile it to your conscience, to suffer
your wife and child to perish before your eyes ?"
" Man--man." said Glendower, " tempt me no more—
let them die ! At present, the worst is death—what you
offer me is dishonour."

Heavens !--how uncharitable is this ! Can you call
the mere act of accepting money from one who loves you,
dishonour ?"

" It is in vain that you varnish your designs," said Glen-
dower, stopping, and fixing his eyes upon him. "Do you
not think that cunning ever betrays itself ? In a thousand
words—in a thousand looks, which have escaped you, but
not me, I know that, if there be one being, on this earth
whom you hate, and would injure, that being is myself.
Nay, start not—listen to me patiently, I have sworn that
it is the last opportunity you shall have. I will not sub-
ject myself to farther temptation lam now sane ; but
there arc things which may drive me mad, and in madness
you might conquer. You hate me : it is out of the nature
of earthly things that you should not. But even were it
otherwise, do you think that I could believe you would
come from your voluptuous home to these miserable retreats ;
that, among the lairs of beggary and theft, you would lie in
wait to allure me to forsake poverty, without a stronger
motive than love for one who affects it not fur you ? I
know you—l have read your heart—l have penetrated
into that stronger motive—it is your own safety. In the
system of atrocity you proposed to me, you arc the prin-
cipal. You have already bared to me enough of the ex-
tent to which that system reaches, to convince me that
one miscreant, however ingenious, cannot, unassisted,
support it with impunity. YOU want help : lamhe in
whom you have dared believe yen could find it. Yon are
detected—now be undeceived."

Lino' s, JAN. 6 —To-day there was a grand drawing-
room at Court. • ilia Majesty was pleased to admit to the
honour of kissing his hand all the Court; and the nume-
rous and brilliant assemblage of the most distinguished
persolis, ecclesiastical, civil, and military, also went to the
Royal Palace of Queluz, to enjoy the honour of congratu-
lating his Majesty, who graciously received every body
with a paternal kindness, which so eminently characterises
his royal heart, receiving from his loyal subjects, who had
the honour of kissing his august hand, the tribute of love
and attachment which, for sa many reasons, is due to the
best of Kings.

LISBON', JAN. 10.—The Gazette contains an Order
for Court Mourning, for a month, for the late Emperor of
Russia.

A notice from time Board of Commerce states, that an
official despatch from time Consul General of Portugal at
Cadiz, of the 12th ult., announces that the Supreme
Board of Health had given orders to cease the quarantine
imposed upon ships coming from the ports of these King-
doms.—Lisbon Gazette to the 10th Jan. inclusive.

It is a curious fact,—and perhaps unique of
its kind,—that amongst the male servants in the establish-
nient of thellarquis of Exeter, at Burghley, is a complete
band of scientific ringers, who while away their leisure in
the hall with the changes of a set id the gift,
we understand of the Marchioness. May not, therefore,
the Stamfordians, who can hear the " bells of St. Michael's
tower," any common day in the week, anticipate a prome-
nade in the park on the fine Sundays in the coming spring,
to the lively tones of the
" Merry, merry Burghley bells ?"
Stamfiod News.
THE TRAGEDY OF DOUGLAS.—It may not
be generally known that the first rehearsal of this tragedy
took place in the lodgings in the Canongate occupied by
hlrs. Sarah Ward, one of Digges' company ; and that it
was rehearsed by, and in presence of, the most distinguished
literary characters Scotland ever could boast of.
The following was the cast of the piece on the occasion :
Dramatis Persona.

808.-

Lord Randolph Dr. Robertson, Principal, Edinburgh
Glenalvon David Hume, Historian

Old Norval Dr. Carlyle, Minister of Musse!burgh
Douglas .... John Home, the Author
Lady Randolph Dr. Ferguson, Professor
Anna (the Maid) Dr. Blair, Minister, High Church.
Thu audience that day, besides Mr. Digges and Mrs.
Ward, were the Right Hon. Patrick Lord Elibank, Lord
Milton, Lord Karnes, Lord Monboddo, (the two last were
then only lawyers,) the Rev. John Steel and Wm. Home,
ministers. The company, all but Mts. Ward, dined after-
wards at the Griskin Club, in the Abbey.
The above is a signal proof of the strong passion for the
drama which then obtained among the literati of this capi-
tal, since then, unfortunately, much abated. The rehe3r-
sal must have been conducted with very great secrecy; fur
what would the Kirk, which took such deep offence as
the composition of the piece by one of its ministers, have
said to the fact of no fewer than four of these being en-
gaged in rehearsing it, and two others attending the exhi-
bition ? The circumstance of the gentle Anna having
been personated by "Dr. Blair, minister of the High
Church," is a very droll one.--Edinburgh Weekly
Chronicle.

" Is it so?" maid Crauford; and as be saw that it was no
longer possible to feign, the poison of his heart broke forth
in its full venom. The fiend rose from the reptile, and
stood expressed in its natural shape. Returning Glen-
dower's stern but lofty gaze with an eye to which all evil
passions lent their unholy fire, he repeated, " Is it so ?r—
then yon are more penetrating than I thought ; but it is
indifferent to me. It was for your sake, not mine, most
righteous man, that I wished you might have a disguise to
satisfy the modesty of your punctilios. It is all one to
Richard Crauford whether you go blindfold or with open
eyes into his snare. Go you must, and shall. Ay, frowns
will not awe me. You have desired the truth ; you shall
have it. You are right, I bate you—hate you with a soul
whose force of hatred you cannot dream of. Your pride
—yonr stubbornness—your coldness of heart, which things
which would stir the blood of beggars cannot warm—your
icy and passionless virtue--I hate—l hate all! You are
right also, most wise inquisitor, in supposing that in the
scheme proposed to you lam the principal—l am ! You
were to be the tool, and shall. I have offered you mild in-
ducements—please to soothe the technicalities of your eon-
science—you have rejected them—be it so. Now, choose
between my first offer and the gibbet. Ay, the gibbet !
That night on which we made the appointment, which
shall not yet he in vain—on that night you stopped me in
thestreet—yon demanded money—you robbed me—l will
swear—l will prove it. Now, then, tremble, man of
morality--dupe of your own strength—you are in my
power—tremble ! Yet in my safety is your escape—l am
generous. I repeat my original offer—wealth, as great as
you will demand, or—the gibbet—the gibbet—do I speak
loud enough ?—do you hear?"
" Poor fool !" said Glendower, laughing scornfully, and
moving away. But when Cranfurd, partly in mockery,
partly in menace, placed his hand upon Glendower's shoul-
der, as if to stop him, the touah seemed to change his
mood from scorn to fury—turning abruptly round, he
seized the 'villain's throat with a giant's strength, and cried
out, while his whole countenance worked beneath the tem-
pestuous wrath within, " What if I squeeze oat thy poi-
sonous life from thee this moment !"--and then, once more
bursting into a withering laughter, as he surveyed the
terror which he had excited, he added, " No, no; thou
art too vile !"—and, dashing the hypocrite against the
wall of a neighbouring house, he strode away.

THE RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN. ' that place before proceeding to Aidod . A fine park
t
of besieging artillery, prepared at Kieff, had erri7ted
(From the Supplement to the St. Petersburgh Gazette, for this purpose about the middle of September.
No. 154.) ; —Some misunderstandings, entirely administrative,
" ST. PETERSBURDD, DEC. 24, (JAN. 6, N.s.) ' retarded the siege, and a premature winter, quite
uncommon in these southerly countries, compelled
" The false reports circulated in Europe on the
eyents of Turkey; Iwo induced an Officer of the its postponement to the spring.
Russian Staff to publish an itit6reairti firinifShiesi i " This incident is the only one in the course of
which we hasten to communicate to our readers : the campaign tiftieli leas not entirely conformable
to the views of the Emperor Of Russia, either Ism,
" OBSERVATIONS BY A RUSSIAN OFFICER ON THE
~•,.. 1 1 nifested in his public acts, or in liis eohMential
LATE TURFISJI CAMPAIGN. I communications; and the cause can be attribirted
il The carnpa:ol tVh;.oh hes iiiit ,aanel,u4eds' InsV,l , only to fortuitous circumstances.
ing given occasion to a number of incorrectslaief 1 " Bat weyirill cease to anticipate events, and has-
exaggerated commentaries, it appears of importance , ten to dest e
rili ilf (xifevovole this campaign, which
briefly to state its object, conduct, and results, in is represented as so fatal to stisli§rs.
I
order to undeceive those who have been led into "An army, coming partly from Podorti erki partly
errors by writers who have misrepresented events ' from St. Petersburgh or Moscow, marches on th€
in so eetreordinary,a manner. `Pruth and the Danube. Composed, at first, of three
" hit not ode iiitetitioll td etitet into a contra- corps of infantry, and four divisions of cavalry, the
verify with those seritere; hilt .to tftettlifd* theif I sight corps, under General Roth, was naturally des-
declainatierii by a ainitile exposition Of faiei: I tined to the important occupation of the Principali-
" Aeceifiiii! id illitO Critied; Raisila lids fallen rice to the diettetiort of Giurgevo, Rudschuck,
frati her irgreatness,her iiiiiiiee litiqi ilisp,rkne'iiited I i
iiiiu Siligtriri: The centre corps, under the Grand
from their ancient bravery, and the Turks have juke Mnajoki, \ids to besiege Brailoff; and, finally,
proved themselves their superiors in defence. the left corps, undef tirettetel Rudiewitsch, stronger
" Writers of this description cannot be too much
I than the two others, was to ,!x055 the Danube with
condemned for so perversely judging of events of , four divisions towards Issaktchi.
which they are ignorant. Accustomed to the rapid " Every thing succeeded to our wish. The civet,
and impetuous movements of Napoleon in the rich
flowing of the Danube, which had been frozen up to
and fertile regions of Italy and Germany, they follow
tin the map an invading urmy, with a pair mof cote- the
In Germany, of March,
retarded,and
the l
itis ate
true,themelting
pa
ssa
geosfn
theo
passes, and decide on the conquest of a vast empire, river for some days. In order to get even to the lied
calculating the number of marches necessary to
of the river, it was necessary to raise a mound which
over-run it, without taking any account of the nature
would have done honour to the Roman legions.
of the country, and the local difficulties, or even of
the real projects of the belligerents. Their state- This delay, however, had not any real influence on
the events of the campaign.
merits, which are ridiculous in the eyes of profess
" After the glorious passage effected at Satou.
sional men of science, find, however, dupes; and the
multitude, always ready to be seduced by declama- nowo, and followed by the taking of Issaktchi, the
Emperor, compelled to carry out corps of observa-
tion, adopt their sinister predictions as oracular pro- tion before Matchin, Hirsova, Toultscha, and Kus-
ph eel es.
"It will not be difficult to cast down the whole tendji, could not, without imprudence, ass Trojan's
rampart with only the four brigades which remained
scaffolding of their false reasonings. with him.
"Certain editors of newspapers,ineasuring the short o
distance which separates the lower Danube from the This first dissemination of our forces, which
was indispensable, in order to secure the principali-
Bosphorus, imagine that the plan of the Cabinet of
ties, to enlarge the basis of operations, and to dis-
St. Petersburgh ;can be nothing less than the con-
embarrass ourselves of the troublesome neighbour-
quest of Constantinople, and the dismemberment of hood of Brailoff, next our bridges on the Danube,
the Ottoman empire. necessarily stopped offensive movements until the
" The solemn declarations made by his Imperial
end of June.
Majesty, in the face of Europe, have not been suffi- ‘,
As soon as the detached corps set at liberty by
dent to undeceive them on this subject. They still
the fall of the places they invested re-united, the
make this false supposition the basis of all their cal-
army advanced towards Hussein Paella, drove his
dilations. They then draw their conclusion, that as advanced guard from Bazardjik to Kosludgi, and
the Emperor Nicholas ought, to please them, to have presented themselves before Shumla. This place
gone to Constantinople, the campaign which he has
was known for the high importance which its local
just made is a failure, most deplorable and fatal to
and strategic situation gave it. It was the refuge
his glory, and to that of his army. of the Turkish army in all former wars. Hussein
" The Russian Government, which never parti- had assembled upwards of 40,000 men here. Was
ciliated in the visions of its detractors, has published it possible not to march against him and seek to
the views by which it was governed in undertaking draw him to a decided engagement ? To suppose
this war. Its motives and object have been made that our proceeding from Paravadi, straight on Aidos,
known. would have determined the Seraskier to quit his
"It is with the view of arriving at simple and camp at Shumla to succour Adrianople, is an error
natural results, uninjurious to the equilibrium of Ell- which no military man who- knows the situation
rope, and even favourable to its commercial interests of this camp and the Turkish character will •parti-
-it is to avenge the visitation of treaties, and to ola- cipate in.
taro redress for manifest outrages, that Russia has ~ we t
taken up arms. To tranquillize neighbouring in- therefore, as we ought to have done, pro-
ceeded against Shutnla, and the battle of the Bth of
terests, she frankly announced this. object. How July confirmed the superiority of our infantry over
could she, then, at all hazards, precipitate her armies the tumultuous masses of the enemy's cavalry.
on Byzantium ? Well acquainted more than a cen_
"Having arrived before Shumla, it was necessary
buy with the manner in which the Turks fight, could either to attack or observe it, for to blockade it was
she be ignorant that such a campaign is one in which impossible, because of the vast extent of the group
all the population flies at the approach of an enemy, of mountains amongst which it is placed. Two
and afterwards assemble in fortresses where they leagues of intrencliments, which are bastioned in
combat with energy ? Was not the example of
Spain sufficiently recent to prove to Russia that a every point where access would be easy,—a consider-
country where every mail is a soldier cannot be sub- able town, built in the form of an amphitheatre, on
a mountain whose crest is again studded with in-
clued by a rapid advance? Two hundred and fifty trencliments
thousand French veterans over-ran the Iberian Pe-
. ,---such is the post which some persons
ninsula, without being able to maintain themselves "
pretend we ought to have carried at the first on-et.
A regular siege was not .practicable, any more
in Spain, though that country presented more re- than a blockade.
sources for subsistence, and a population far less
L Because half the park employed at Brailow
military.
was unserviceable, and that the park coining from
" Too wise not to profit by past experience,
Kiew was still more remote.
Russia would not have embarked in a war of inva-
sion into such inhospitable countries, unless the 2. Because by directing the attack on the lower
t
declared object of the war had compelled her to town and effecting a breach there, nothing was to
be gained.
,It
,would still have been, necessary..
.tio
establish a just proportion between the risks to be
carry with the oayonet every street or a town uunt
run and the advantages to be gained by such a pro-
ceeding. It was necessary that Russia should, in on successive elevations, and commanded by a vast
the first place, occupy the principalities, and secure line of entrenchments 300 tosses above the practicable''
the position of her army in them by capturing two breach, and finally defended by men whose obstinacy
fortresses, which were indispensable to the obtaining behind a rampart is well known. The attack half
of winter-quarters; and, secondly, afterwards ex- way up on the south-east, where there is no bastiou , ,
tend her offensive operations ns far as possible, in or the escalade of the heights more remote - from the
order to incline the Porte More promptly to enter place, where the only operations which could be
into an arrangement on bases which can no longer proposed ; but they afforded the prospect of only
be a diplomatic mystery, since they are developed in very hazardous chances, and could not be attempted
solemn proclamations. without a horrible carnage.
"An army of 115,000 men, forming, after de-
" Had the Emperor Nicholas failed in such an
ducting the useless hands, a mass of 85,000 fight- attack, he
.must have repassed the Danube, and com-
ing men, crossed the Danube and the Pruth at the his best troops, and would have long re-
tarded the peace which it is wished to conquer.—
" of May.
" After adapting the force thus placed in action to promised
which it
.
Could the avowed object of the war admit of incur-
the configuration of the theatre of war, which re- ring suchrisks ? We leave
question. leave it to our antagonists
this
quired two diverging lines of operations, and calcu• themselves to answer V
" luting the extent of territory to be occupied, the The question being resolved negatively, the
course to be adopted was no longer doubtful. To
number of fortresses to be taken or masked, it was
evident the Russians could not arrive at the foot of observe I Shumla, lor der to paralyze ht e army of
the Balkan with 40,000 men at-the most. This little Hussein, and to reducen
Varna, whilewaiting for the
army, still having Varna to capture, and an en-
corps of Sherbatoff and the Guards, which arrived
trenched camp of 40,000 Turks to observe at
about the Ist of September—to form at the same
Shuinla, what means did it possess of carrying its
period the siege of Silistria, in order to secure win-
eagles to the walls of Byzantium, without exposing
ter quarterske advantage of the between the Danube
reinforcements and the sea, and
.
itself to the risk of passing over the candine folks ? then to ta
And for what object should it have good.naturedly might arrive to reduce Shumla, or to push f
whichertvard
exposed itself to such a danger ? Was not a wise on Bourgas,--such was the plan which reason dic-
tated, and such was that which the Emperor adopt-
and prudent war the only course which could be
reconciled with the declared object of Russia, and ed, who, after giving the necessary orders before
with her political situation with respect to Europe ? Varna, proceeded to Odessa, to wait until the arrival
" The Emperor was not ignorant that if he chose of reinforcements should enable him to undertake
to leave 30,000 in observation between the Balkan some enterprise worthy
and Silistria, and to collect 50,000 men in the di- liresence at the army.
to be distinguished by his
reetion of Paravadi, he could penetrate on Aidos, " Here we must confess, Varna had been made
leaving Varna and Shumla behind him. rather too light of, on the most incorrect reports.
" He would have arrived in the plains of Faki The mertes which had at first been.destined for this
and Adrianople, with 300,000 men at most. The siege became insufficient. In vain did the fleet lat.
remainder would have been employed as detach- terly bring some reinforcements, and the indispen-
sable material. These were not enough to invest
monts necessary to secure his magazines and to
occupy Bourgas, and besiege the fortress.
" Supposing even that this little army would " From this first frank resulted, for Prince Menzi.
hare been sufficient to capture the capital of Roma- koff—now surrounded with difficulties which his
nia, and to menace eve!' that of the empire, we talents alone could not overcome—the indispensable
ask whether the 30,000 men left between the necessity of directing his attack on the sea side,
Balkan and Bucharest would have been sufficient where all the resources and the powers of the spa-
te occupy six conquered towns, to guard Moldavia dron. lay, but which happened likewise to be the
and Wallachia, and to carry on hostilities with the strongest point of the fortification. This circum-
numerous garrisons of Widdin, Rudschuck, Giur- stance prolenged the defence beyond the term on
gevo, and Silistria, and, finally, to keep head which we had calculated. Instead of being in pos-
against the whole army of Hussein, intrenched tip session of Varna on the 30th of August, and of
to the teeth at Sihumla, and to invest the corps of then forming an union of the corps of Sherbatoff
the Orphan Pacha, who had collected about 20,000 and of the Guard, with those of Rudzewitch and
men for the defence of Varna. Every military man Prince Eugene of Wurtemburg, to push the war be-
of common sense will reply that the thing was im- yond the Balkan, or to surround Shumla, and to rc-
possible. Therefore it would haVe been necessary duce by famine the army by which it was garri.
to reinforce the army of observation ; the march on soned, it became necessary to employ all the month
Adrianople, executed by 20,000 men, would have of September and all our disposable means, against
been nothing but a dangerous coup-de-main, even Varna, which the Turks considered, with some ap-
when considered only in a military point of view; pearauce of reason, as the bulwark of Romelia and
but such an incursion will appear much more hazard- Constantinople. The importance which they tit-
ous if one takes into consideration the difficulty of tached to its fate was so great, that the °Titer,
subsisting all the troops employed in Romania and Pacha came to command there in person, with all the
Bulgaria until the capture of Varna secured a source troops he could collect, while the Grand Vizier ad-
of provisioning for the army, which hitherto relied vanced with the last reserves of the empire to Aidos
upon Odessa for every thing. to second and to succour him.
" Every person, without being a professor of sta- " Such was the situation of affairs when the Em-
tistics, must know that Bulgaria and Romania are peror rejoined his army before Varna. His Majesty
perfect deserts, and when the weak population of conceived that he ought to concentrate all his atten-
these arid countries flies with all it possesses, an tion and all his efforts to accelerate its surrender.
army cannot exist there for 24 hours without carry- " The• excessive heats of the month of August,
ing every necessary along with it. It becomes really when the thermometer rose to 46. degrees of Reau-
an ambulatory colony, which must carry with it mar in the sun, had caused, along with the bad
every necessary article, even down to the coal.whieh water, diseases in the army. The corps of Slier-
is required for shoeing a horse, or forging the daily batoff answered, therefore, for no other purpose
repairs which an immense materiel requires. than to fill up the momentary voids which were thus
"An exact knowledge of the difficulties of obtain- occasioned in the ranks. Thus the army was only
ing provisions would induce the Emperor Nicholas reinforced by the Guard, which if was necessary to
to trust nothing to chance so long as he was not place in line in order to protect the siege of Varna.
master of Varna; and a just appreciation of the im- ' " The site of this fortress, between the Lake of
portance of Silistria, for the safety of his winter- Dwina and_ the sea, rendered its investment very difs
quarters, must mak, it imperative on him to reduce ficulf, since, in order to accomplish that operation,

it is necessary to throwinto the south a corps which
was that entirely isolated fl-om that of the siege,,ana
efp6Sed; td' all the Ottotnan force.
" The o'O'irstibtis' bcfbre Varna, mncb' as- the?
have been shackled eitt Npetled by this complier-
tion, and by the great difficidties-which the nature
of the country opposed to us, liefe„,notwithstandinge
been glorious to our arms, and all {l4e efforts made
by the troops of Omer Vrione and the Grand- Visier"
have been baffled by the firm stand of se 'en' bea'
lions of the Guard, who repulsed the enemy oa,tvor
occasions, with immense loss. The battle of the
Isti, of September may also be reckoned as a aNe
cessful event; if it be proper to judge an operation
by its final result'. i;Jndoubtedly Prince Eugene of
Wurtemberg did not effete the destruction of a. eel°
three times superior to his otwit,. and strongly iv'
trenched, but at least he has succeeded in dividirl
the atitemion and the forces of the Turks, and
obliging Omer Vrione to remain satisfied with act-.
ing on the defensive... That the Prince did not sue'
ceed more completely is to be imputed to the eves'
sive bravery of a brigade, which threw itself in the
midst of the enemy's redoubts, without waiting far,
the co-operation of the other troops, or body 0
artillery at that time engaged in reads and dedles ,•
most impracticable.
" At last Varna yields to the perseverance 04
Prrnness of our troops, and some hundreds of these.,
solder:, called degenerate, have carried terror aI
slaughter to the very centre of the town; and the
enemy, who has distinguished himself by as noble a
defence, begins to perceive that no other wed to
safety is open but through the clemency of the cote
queue-. The fortress of Romelia surrenders at dill"
cretion at the sight of the small army which had
determined to deliver it, and that town, which WO
never ceased to be under the Ottoman yoke since
the 'destruction of the Lower Empire, salutes, for
the first time, the banners of the victorious Russians'
" Thus,in less than four months, this army, Which
reached us at so unfavourable a season, has invaded
three large provinces; taken two places, which hold
the flrn rank among the Turkish fortresses; and has
planted the ,Ingle upon the ramparts of Braila;
Matchin, lssaktchi, Hirsova, Kustendji, Toultehi;
and, lastly, of that famous Varna, which so mall
writers had prophesied would prove the tomb of its
glory.
" Anxious to finish this sketch, we were on the'
point of passing unnoticed the battii> fought uncle
Silistria by General Roth, sad in Little Wallachia
by Baron de Geismar. These battles are Idori°°6
to our arms, especially the latter; for on one oceel
sion 4,000 of our soldiers boldiv attacked more than
20,000 Turks, who, under the protection of fey
tresses, such as Widdin, Giurgeve, Rudschucke
and their numerows garrisons, expected nothing 10*
than to expel us from the principalities, but whto flo, Or
their great surprise, found themselves obliged If
and in so much disorder, that they abandoned the
important post of Kalafat, to seek refuge beyond the
Danube.

-------
" Whilst the principal army was obtaining thee"
successes in Europe, a small division under Prince
Menschikoff repelled whole armies of the eneisso
while engaged in carrying on the works of a difficut
siege, and reducing in Asia the important fortress (I
Anapa. A few days after the fortress of Poti open&
its gates to General Hesse, and secured to us thee
mouths of the Phasis, and the:entire occupation 0
the shore of Mingrelia and Imeritia.
" Lastly, another handful of brave men have in'
mortalized themselves, by attacking the Paehalik6o
near the cradle of the Ottoman Empire, anti con'
sidered the centre of the Turkish power in Asia. ,
" Count Paskewitsch, loaded with the laurels 00"
he,, gathered in Persia, burst with impatience t'
limits which separate Turkish Armenia from Persia,
and proceeded upon Kars, a fortress not less import-
ant by its own situation, as by its strategic position,
being placed in the midst of the enemy's frontier. fig
carried it by assault on the 25th of June, as well 05
the citadel, hitherto reputed impregnable. The 0';
rison, nearly equal in number to his army, oppose'
him with a vain resistance. In a few hours they
were all either slain or taken prisoners, and_ he ha.
thus destroyed, in the very beginning of his Career,
the defensive system of the enemy, who, always slsof
and cautious in his operations, counted upon havig4
time enough, by the prolonged defence of this for'
tress, to collect a sufficient force to arrest our pro'

gross.
" Count Paskcwitsch was informed that. the
Pasha of Erzeroum had selected the fortress 0
Akhaltsykh as a point of union for a numerorr
body. He was sensible of all the importance of tlO
fortress as opening a direct route 'to the Russian
provinces in Georgia. As his force was not stiff)"
ciently strong to allow him to leave a detach/1)0A'
behind him, he directed his course with the greatest
rapidity towards that spot. He surmounted the
difficulties which the rugged chains of the mountains
of Tschildurs offered, and appeared before Akhallo-
laki, which he took, in consequence of the confusion
and terror which his sudden appearance caused.
" Having reached Koma on the 4th of August,
he perceived himself with 7,000 or 8,000 men, WI
the presence of 30,000 of the enemy, collected fur
the defence of Akhaltsykh. After two or three
days hail been spent in partial engagements, he de-
termined on making a decisive attack on the 9th of
August. To attack the town—to rash upon and
rout an eneJny four times their number, was, to our
small battalions, the work of a few hours; and with'
out giving time to the Ottomans to recover from
their stupor, they proceeded, on the 13th, to the 0'
sault of the fortress ; upon which occasion 15,00
soldiers, or armed inhabitants, who were within the
fortress, were slain or captured by less than 5,00°
men, after a combat which will be placed in the
rank of the most celebrated deeds of arms in the
present time. The fortresses of Bajazet, Atskhote::
and Ardagan, experienced the same fate at the en'
of August, and completed the success of this little
army, and scattered terror even to the walls of Erie"
rotim and Trebizonde,—eountries where, for agog
last, she fierce Mussulman has not conceived the
bare possibility of beholding the standards of the
Christians.
" These numerous trophieg, to which may he,
added, 1,280 pieces of artillery, 40(1 standards, and
20,000 prisoners, have cost Russia no more thell,
.18,000 or 20,000 men slain, or so badly wounded
as to be incapable of again serving.
" What, then, are the grand exploits which our
enemies will oppose to those which we have jegs
enumerated, and what are the victories for which
foreign journals have succeeded in gaining credit hi
distorting facto? The defeat of two of our batty
lions, which incautiously ventured too far in a re"
connoitre, and the loss of one redoubt with 0
cannons, surprised in the night-time, through the
blind confidence of its guardians. These are trifling.
events, common enough in war, but which never
have any influence on its results.
" Behold, in it few words, what some writers'
jealous of success, have not blushed to call an ne:
no‘tc
fortunate campaign, fatal to the glory of the coo,
oqtilieliorcsalm/paiNgnotheicniugalliys
uwn•arnotritnugnatteo, Ranudssihaebrutwasi::
• riors, then masters of Silistria, Rudse,:tick, and per
hips also of Shumla, will descend victoriously upo
the plains of Adrianople.
tan, appreciating better than the European jour,
• rialists the results of the war, will pereeiiT 1 •
prudence of provoking new dangers instead of ed-
• !feting to the moderate conditions traced out by
obligelt is reasonable
tm to
proceedte p pgiceret,haatti:.i the
thatT utrhkes.
svv,
Russia in the declarations which preceded the war.
" Indeed, if Russia be again forced to have re'
• course to arms, the next campaign will prove, better
than any argument of ours, the advantages which
• have been gained in the last.
" The bare enumeration of the advantages which
have been gained, and of the trophies conquered,
would prove a refutation to the declamations We are
combatting, by showing that the Russian army has
effected inure in Turkey during these four mosithgs
than ever before for the space of many campaigeg•
We cannot, however, avoid acknowledging, that.no'
withstanding the successes which have been gair

sot •
46 faults have 'been' committed. Too frank to
t• *ate to avow them, we will endeavour to avoid
4Th 'for the future. But it is a fact, which no
ate will deny, that notwithstanding these successes
tt once glorious and important, the Emparor
--"iclolas-thas never varied for an instant in his desire
40 conclude peace on the conditions announced be-
lore dee war.
*Let us hope that Sultan Mahmoud, giving way
2 More moderate sentiments, will acknowledge
truths, and that a solid treaty will restore for
.tlong time a good understanding between the two
States, which have no longer the same subjects of
rivalrY as before, when Russia had not secured, by
the acquisition of the shore of the Black Sea, an
°Paning essential to the existence of her southern
provinces.

" If this wish be tint completed, all that we de-
sire is, a carnpaiP As unsuccessful as the preceding
one, which has gained us four fortresses and four,
Pr"inces• Tien we may congratulate ourselves on
the result of a war, undertaken for the most sacred
of "'set' and leave our enemies to fabricate
.pre-
tended. defeats.

" AN OFFICER OF .THE RUSSIAN STAFF.
" P.S. At the moment of finishing these lines.
'we read the account which certain Gazettes take
the liberty of publishing relative to the raising of the
Siege of Silistria.
"It is affirmed in them that l 2;000 Russians,
having laid down their arms, surrendered at discre-
tion, without striking a blow, and that the whole of
our artillery was shamelessly abandoned. These as-
sertions have as much. of falsehood as of calumny.
" 'With respect to this subject, we need only say,
teat not one soldier has been taken prisoner, not a
esirnon lost, nor even an action taken place.
The only loss which the Russian army has
suffered, is that of one-half of their horses, which
Perished in great numbers, in consequence of the
water an unusual heat and
11f4tip,tt Of forage, clayey. , and
v" a `sudden coldness. This loss is, however, al-
rea
(1Y rsvaired.
tg tr,
he army occupies peaceably all the canton-
Mutts it was thought fit for it to take possession of
ti the right of the Danube ; at Varna, Paravadi,
ik,nustendji, Bazardjik, Hirsova, and at the rampart of
irsisti• Lastly, the Turks, who are represented as
formidable to simple and credulous' people, have not
ss yet attempted the winter campaign, with the
news of which the public has been amused,--a
campaign, the idea of which, to say the least, is ri-
diculous to those who are acquainted with the man-
se.'rs of the Turks, and the difficulties which the
:dalkan presents to any army which might attempt
to bivouack during the inclement season. We will
now terminate a refutation, already too long and ex-
tremely painful. The real authors of the falsehoods,
1,„ Which v..re have been forced to reply, are not um-
i -Ow°, 'And the odium which always attaches to the
2P°t'ent efforts of calumny will reach them."

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