The Sun.
London, England, 1842-07-19 00:00:00

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.

The Xobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully
inibrzne.4 that

ON MONDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURSDAYS,
GRAND EVENING FETES will be given, in which will be em-
bodied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favou-
rite place of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions snit in-
troductions, which render them mere generally attractive.
The MENAGERIE has been enriched by many valuable and im-
portant acrisitione in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
Feeding Time Five e'cletk. _

The C'olossal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some
instances remodelk,.d, with a Mechanical Table u d'actiou, repre-
senting the Pter.ession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Noblee, to the 'Castle of St. Angelo.
Thz. BA> J includse some of the most eminent Performers, con-
lucted b Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES
hl UV:c A LES selectedf rom the noblest works of the great Masters.
'roe ILLUMINATION of ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE,
nisid the GIR AN DOL A or ST. ANGELO, will all the gorgems
'Spectacles and magnificent introductio,,s that have called forth ac-
clsinmations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex.
hlbition, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour,
the CASC kDE of BRILLIANT FIRE, SIX I y FEET in height.
The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The Evening
Fetes, with the Promenades Musicales, Illumination of Peter's,
elirandela of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays,
.rid Thursdays. Admission One Shilling.

THE WEA THER.—NooN, JULY 18.
4), AI, GA LLEILY OF SCIENCE, A 1) ELAIDE,STR EF.T
Thermometer.... Highest 72 i Lowest 54

Ittvoniet(;r 29.81.—Wiud N.V.

HUSH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Alornn,g 33 minutes after 11 Evening 0 minutes after 0.

All Advertisements of a Disgusting Character,
or Unmoral Tendency, are excluded from
the Columns of . The Sun."

better than the most ignorant and unlearned what may
be their doom hereafter,—in what ranks are the Bishops,
and chief supporters of the most unchristian Church
that ever disgraced the name of Christianity, originally
found ? In the middle classes. From whom are the
teachers of slavish obedience, in books and news-
papers, taken ? The middle classes. The middle
classes, from a stupid desire to rival and imi-
tate the aristocracy, to share their privileges
and their usurpations, are, through every office of
the State, through every department of society, the
chief agents for fixing on the necks of the people
the great system of political oppression which some few
of them at length feel is ruinous to themselves. Every-
where the middle classes come before the people as the
agents and organs of our bread-taxing, men-women-and-
children-starving Government. Everywhere it seems to
the people as if that Government were made by and for
the middle classes ; and everywhere, therefore, there is
a settled and determined opposition and enmity between
these classes, which words cannot sooth nor promises
mitigate. It is in the bone of society, and a little blan-
dishment and anodynes cannot bring it out of the flesh.
Even now, when, if ever, we might hope that the mid-
dle and lower classes should make common cause to win
some reward for the former and life for the latter, the first
in the field to put down the colliers who are not allowed
to struggle in their own way, were " the Cheshire
troop of cavalry and the New castle troop." Will
not that revive in the lower classes the recollec-
tion of the Bull Ring, and of every persecution and
prosecution they suffered at the instance of the middle
classes a few years ago ? Will it not remind them of
Peterloo ? At least the Chartists will take advantage of
this circumstance to excite and animate the hostility
and enmity which the lower classes avowedly nourish
for those whom they call cotton lords, capitalists,
millocrats, and shopocrats, and prevent every possibility
of that union between the lower and middle classes,
without which both must remain as they now are, the
prey of selfish, rapacious misrule.
It becomes no man to despair of his country—it be-
comes no believer in human progress to despair of the
fate of society—it becomes, above all, no humble truster
in Divine Providence, and in the certainty of general
laws, to despair of the fortunes of mankind ; but if it
were not from a confidence which facts cannot give, and
now do not warrant, from the dogged determination of
Ministers to do nothing for the people, but rule
them with the sword, and from the avowed and,
we fear, rather aggravated than abated hostility
between the lower and middle classes, we should now
despair of the peace, the prosperity, and the continued
progress of our country, and of civilization. The Anti-
Corn-law League affords us a glimmering of hope, but it
has not Jet made such an impression, either on the
Ministers or the public, as to enable us to tee the termi-
nation of the present miserable condition of great masses
of the people.

At Marlborough-street, the coachman of Mr. IIoARE,
the banker, has been fined 51. and costs for breaking out
of the rank at ALMACK'S, disobeying the police, and
fighting with them. In vain his elegant and accom-
plished mistress wrote to the Magistrate, assuring him
that her coachman was blameless ; in vain the lady's
footman deposed that the police had interfered
without cause, and struck him when he merely
delivered a message from his mistress ; in vain
a solicitor employed to defend the coachman, brought
all his eloquence to bear on the Magistrate, and
said it was preposterous to call this a free country if the
police might make what laws they pleased, (for ladies'
coachmen,) and men be punished for disobeying them.
The Magistrate was inexorable, he insisted on the police
being authorised to make laws for the regulation
of gentlemen's carriages when they congregate at
parties, and he punished the coachman for his dis-
obedience. The gentry use the police for their convenience,
and we not are sorry to see that they experience some of
the annoyance which other persons frequently feel from
having a rude set of men for masters. The Magistrate did
right to uphold the authority of the police, and when the
coachmen of the gentry get frequently trounced, we may
hope that these latter will have some compassion for the
people, and doubt whether what is called order be nut
too clearly purchased by something very like slavery.

The Ultra-Tory Journals have at last made the start-
ling discovery that Sir R. PEEL and his colleagues,
whom they mistook for Conservatives, are in reality
" Whigs and something more." They, poor credulous
gulls ! fancied that Sir R. PEEL, Sir J. GRAHAM, and
Sir. E. RNATCHBULL in the House of Commons, and
Lords LYNDHURST, WHARNCLIFIE, and RIPON in the
House of Lords, were opposed to Lord MELBOURNE'S
Administration on principle ; whereas they now find
out that it was his Lordship's place and patronage that
the sly dogs wanted ! They resisted this frightful con-
viction as long as they could. They found various
flimsy excuses fur the new Tariff; they made wry faces
at the new Corn-Law Bill, but the cujoleries of the
Vice-President of the Board of Trade succeeded in pre-
railing upon them to fling the Jonah of the Cabinet
tempest, the Duke of BUCKINGAAM, overboard ; they
wilfully stopped their ears to the prophetic warnings
of that Cassandra of Toryism, Sir HENRY VYVYAN;
Whun at last comes the grant for Irish Education, com-
pelling Ministers to display their true colours, and upon
every Cabinet banner is inscribed the emblems of Whig.
Radicalism ! The Times, the Post, the Herald, and the
Standard may well look astounded and stupefied. There
is the list of the majority for the grant, and side by side
with the O'CONNELLS, the O'CONNORS, the 'MURPHY&
and the HowAnos, we find the KNATCHBULLS, the LE-
FROYS, the FARNHAM& the BRADSHAW& the BATESONS
the PLUMPTRES, the SANDONS, the LOWTHERS, the
GOULBURNS, and the STANLEYS. Mr. WARD divided
the House merely to discover if there was a sir.gle Tory
in Parliament honest enough to redeem the pledges made
by him against this grant, and the result was the empha-
tic monosyllable following the " noes " in the Votes and
proceedings of the House of Commons—" NONE." There
was not even a CoLQUHOUN to raise his feeble pipe
against w hat so many saints denounced as a system
for " mutilating the word of GoD." Even the luckless
Solicitor-General for Ireland, Mr. Sergeant JACKSON
did not vote against the grant. This learned and pion,
gentleman, it is rumoured, had just conscience enough to
spoil a Judge,—a rumour which appears to afford great
pleasure to his Roman Catholic fellow-countrymen.

Yes, we must allow that, however much the mea- tires
of Sir ROBERT PEEL'S Government have fallen short ol
'w hat the real wants of the country demanded, he has
certainly pitched the old ultra-Tory party to the dogs.
That party and their organs have abundant excuses for
the Jeremiads in which they now indulge, when trearing
of the recent conduct of the Tories. Nor have they heard
the worst. We can tell them on the best authority, that
Sir ROBERT PEEL has communicated to the heads of the
Roman Catholic Church in Ireland the deep regret which
he feels that the famine which prevails throughout the
land, will not allow him this year to propose an increase
upon the grant for the Royal College of Maynooth, for
the education of the Irish priesthood ! Here is a crow
for the Tories to pluck. Sir ROBERT PEEL'S Govern-
ment manifests a regard for the Roman Catholic
religion in Ireland, greater than was ever shown
by the Whig Ministry. In fact, he has entirely de-
stroyed and broken up the Tory party. He has dr,gged
all its leading ornaments and oracles through the mire
with him, and so begrimed them with the dirt of desert-
ing their old principles, that they never can resume
them without infamy.

In animadverting from time to time on the measures
pursued by the dominant portion of the Scotch Church,
we have repeatedly reminded our northern brethren of
the yoke which was preparing for them, but at the same
time confidently anticipated that their good sense, and,
above all, their hatred of tyianny in any shape, would
save them from a system of despotism never attempted
till now, since the worst period of the dark ages. We
have not been disappointed. Every day brings forth
some new act of tyranny, and some new proof also that
the people are prepared to resist it. It will be recol-
lected that some months ago a respectable member of th,•
Kirk was refused Church privileges, lecause he buried
child on Sunday, and that in consequence of the Presbytery
of Arbroath refusing to hear his case, except with closed
doors, an appeal was made to the Synod. That Court
enjoined the Presbytery to hear the petition in public ;
and we rejoice at the result, fir it has laid open a scene
of oppression, hypocrisy, and cruelty, that cannot fail to
open the eyes of all those who put faith in these wicked
inquisitors. The investigation continued for two days,
and at the conclusion the Presbytery, by a majority of
11. to 4, decided that the " Kirk Session have not acted
wrongfully in the circumstances of the case"—in other
words, that the petitioner was justly excommunicated
nor burying his child on a Sunday. The decision,
unjust as it is, however, amounts to nothing com-
pared to the unfeeling conduct and the impious
assumption of divine power by men who profess
o be the followers of our merciful and forgiving
daviotra. The parish clergyman, svho had refused the
parents' tokens for admission to the Communion, had
,ieen blamed for his harshness towards the distressed
inother, and for not praying with her in her affliction.
Here is the manner in which he justified his conduct :
" Mr. LUMSDEN (the clergyman), in alluding to his con-
duct to Mrs. Key, on the occasion of that 'visit, during
which, he said, he had been represented as having taken
a sort of savage delight in ruthlessly harrowing up Mrs.
KEy's feelings, and those of her daughter, a child of six
years of age, strongly contended that
.the duty of,the
clergyman was, under such circumstances, not to oirer

Portuguese Fives

consolation, but to point out their sins. which had I
brought down upon them the judgment of GOD, and to
admonish the guilty on the heinous nature of the offence.
Consolation was merely accessory. He said, that the
primary object was not to administer comfort, but to be
a fellow-worker with GOD, in availing himself of the awe
the infliction may have inspired. Thus ministers, under
such circumstances, had no right to encourage natural
feelings in such cases as those with which he had to deal."
—(Loud hisses followed this declaration.) No won-
der that hisses followed such an unfeeling statement,
for since the worst days of the Spanish Inquisition,
such a dangerous doctrine has probably never been ad-
vanced ; and it is not uncharitable, therefore, to suppose
that want of power only saved this victim of oppression
from some more condign punishment. "We sit here,"
said the same Reverend speaker, "to administer
the law of God, not the law of the land, and in no cir-
cumstance should they forget that an obedience to His
law was to be the first consideration." The Jewish law-
giver issued a command by which all persons who kin-
dled a fire on the Sabbath should be put to death. This
is not the law of the land, but according to this charitable
clergyman it must still be the law of GOD, for he has
no other authority to punish a man for the performance
of a sacred and necessary duty. Some other speakers
followed in the same strain, exciting the most violent
disapprobation of the hearers. The speech of the Rev.
JOHN MUIR formed a noble exception. He described
the proceedings of these persecutors as the " harshest
and most tyrannical," and concluded, amidst the most
tumultuous applause, in these words, " If the Presbytery
refuse to grant the petitioner redress, their conduct will
be stigmatised throughout the length and breadth of the
land, and descend to after ages by the name of the
Barry Brutality.' " Out of evil, however, cometh good,
and we are much mistaken if this scene do not create a
reaction, honourable to the people of Scotland and pro-
ductive of the best results to true religion.

On the 10th instant her Most Faithful Majesty the
Queen of PORTUGAL opened in person the new session
of the Cortes of her kingdom, convoked under the Char-
ter. The Peers were dressed in ermine robes, and a
deputation of twelve Peers and as many Deputies as-
sisted in conducting her MAJESTY to the throne, which
was placed in the Hall of the Deputies, whither the
Peers were summoned to hear the Royal Speech, of
which the following is a copy :-
44 Worthy Peers of the Kingdom and Deputies of the Por-
tuguese Nation,—The national will, spontaneously manifested
in these kingdoms, determines me, in fulfilment of the most sa-
cred duty, to declare in vigour, as the fundamental law of the
kingdom, the constitutional Charter of the monarchy, autho-
rised by my august father of happy memory. Your mission is
to consolidate it, and I trust that you will fulfil it.
" I continue to receive from the Sovereigns, my allies, satis-
factory demonstrations of friendship and harmony ; and my Go-
vernment does not cease to extend our political and commercial
relat ions.

"It was with great satisfaction 'I saw arrive at this Court
the Internuncio of his Holiness. The many virtues and lights
of the High Pontiff are a secure pledge of concord, and that
the Lusitanian Church (without any infraction of the prero-
gatives of the Crown, which my Government will ever main-
tain) will enjoy the peace which it so much requires, for the
preservation of public order, and the tranquillity of conscience.
It is also with great pleasure that I announce to you that the
representatives of the Kings of Prussia and Sardinia have ar-
rived at this Court, and presented their credentials.
" Two treaties, which I have c. included with her Majesty the
Queen of Great Britain, have been signed, and will be presented
to you immediately after ratification. One of them is for the
repression of the slave trade, the other to strengthen the mutual
relations of commerce and navigation.
" The budget of receipts and expenditure for the current
economical year will be presented to you.
" I hope, from the patriotism of the Cortes, all zeal in the
fulfilment of their functions, in order to fix definitively the
bases of the system of finance, to develope the important re-
sources of the colonies, and to perfect all the branches of the
administration of these kingdoms.e
" The session is opened.

The Pope's Nuncio, the King Consort, the Duchess of
Illtganza, and all the rank and fashion of Lisbon were
present. The Royal Family appeared in excellent health.
The Queen and Court, after the ceremony was over, re-
turned to Cintra. The following items of miscellaneous
news are from a Lisbon letter of the 11th inst. :

There are seventeen vacancies to be tilled up, owing to the
election of Costa Cabral for seven provinces; of the Minister
of Justice, Azevedo e Mello, for four ; of R. F. Magalhaes, fur
three , and of Senhors Roma, Mousinho d'Albuquei que,
Brandao, Albano, Rebello Cabral, and Silva Cabral, for two
each. These two elections will doubtless afford the Government
the opportunity of bringing en various adherents of talent who
were excluded by intrigue or mismanagement at the late elec-
tions, as Senhors Gomes de Castro, Sousa Azevedo, and others.
T:,e Chambers, when duly constituted, will have to elect five
members, out of whom the Crown selects its presiden'. Various
persons have been spoken of as likely to have the honour con-
ferred on them. Gorjao for one, but others think the Minister
of Justice will be the occupant of the chair, and will hand his
portfolio over to Gorjao, whose talents in debate are sufficient
to make him a desirable addition to the Ministry.
In the Chamber of Peers, besides all those who sat previous
to the revolution of September, and those newly called, the
Marquis of Viana, Marquis of Castel Melhor, Count de Rio
Maior, Count de Vim:oso, and several others, who were minors
during the existence of former Chambers, or who have suc-
ceeded to their estates since that time, will also be allowed to
take their seats. The Duke of Palmella was appointed Presi-
dent of the Chamber for life in 1834 ; the Duke of Cadaval,
who had been appointed President for life in 1826, having ad
heied to Don Miguel.
The Coustituciona/, opposition paper, has stopped.
It appears by a despatch from the secretary of the Civil Go-
vernor of Ponte Delgada, St. Michael's, Azores, that Captain
Walters, of the English schooner Samuel, had saved a Portu-
guese vessel, with a crew of eight persons on board, besidei
two passengers (tra'ives of St. Michael's), who, having lett the
town of Itiheira Grande a week before for Fayal, had been
driven out to sea, where they had been knocking about for six
days, and in want of provisions. Great praise is awarded to
Captain Walters, who went out of his course and took them into
St. Michael's; and a committee had been formed to raise a
subscription, in order to present him with some suitable testi-
monial.

The Government here have given the site of the late Trea-
sury (destroyed by fire in 1836) to erect a national theatre
there. The Queen had subscribed 10 contos, and the Duke of
Palmella 5 contos, towards the same object. The tobacco con-
tractors gave 40 contos, on condition of their being freed from
the onus of keeping open the Italian Opera here, which will
now devolve on private speculators who may choose to under-
take it. There is an annual endowment of 24 contos, or 6,0001.
a year, paid from the public revenues ; but, notwithstanding
this, it has always cost a large additional sum to the tobacco
contractors. The obligation was to keep it open all the year
round, but it is proposed now to give the same endowment to
parties who will engage to keep it open during the six months
from Ist October to Ist April. The Portugucse theatre is
endowed with six contos per annum, upon which an additional
sum is to be raised towards erecting a new playhouse, and the
rest is to he made up by subscriptions. The guerrillas in Al-
garve have shown themselves again within these few days, and
I o b ben the Lisbon mail between Ameixial and Sallir.

The price of excellent wine (red) at Colares is two ventems
the canasta, which is very near two bottles, so that it comes to
ati tile more than a penny per bottle ! 'I his wine approaches
nearer to claret than any other wine in Portugal. It will not
generally keep for any length of time unless bottled, and would
probably not bear to be exported to England in cask, but if
bottled on the spot, when about a year old, the bottles being
wz.shed out with brandy first, it will keep any time, and were
the duty reduced, as proposed, would, no doubt, find a ready
sale in England, from its cheapness and wholesome qualities, as
a good substitute for claret. Colares is a league beyond
Cintra, anda bout five leagues frem Lisbon.

We have Madrid Papers of the 9th inst. During the
sitting of the Senate on the Bth inst. M. MARLIANI asked
the Ministers whether it was not true that in the
month of December last Sir ROBERT PEEL forwarded
to Mr. ASTON, at Madrid, the heads of a treaty of
commerce, with authority to communicate them to
the Spanish Minister, and ask his opinion thereon ?
Senor GONZALES' reply to this statement was anxiously
expected, and a warm debate was apprehended ; the
:iiore so, as M. MattuaNes language was not quite Par-
liamentary. The new Ministers were determined to
observe a strict neutrality.
The Three per Cents. were done at Madrid, on the
gth inst , at 21 for time, the Fives at 314 and 32i at clif-
f:rent dates. On the 9th the Threes were at 201 for
time, and the Fives at 132,1- cash, and 31 32e 32 at 60 days.

The French Journals aro full of details respecting
the melancholy death of the Duke of ORLEANS. The
Chambers are convoked for the 26th inst., when the first
subject of discussion will be the Regency question. The
Court goes into mourning for four months.
The .tlioniteur publishes the following Royal Ordinance :
" LOUIS PHILIPPE, KING OF THE FRENCH, TO ALL TO WHOM

THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME GREETING.

" Having considered the 42 articles of the constitutional
charter, we have commanded, and do command, as follows :—.

"Article 1. The Chamber of Peers and the Chamber of De-
puties, which by our ordinance of the 12th of June, 1842, were
convoked for the 3d of August following, will assemble on the
26th of July inst.

Art. 2. Our Minister Secretary of State for the Department
of the Interior is charged with the execution of the present
ordinance.

" At the l'alace of Neuilly, the 14th of July, 1842.
" By the King,
" LOUIS PHILIPPE."
" The Minister Secretary of State for the Department of the
Interior, " T. DUCHATEL."
The Moniteur contains also the following Circular from the
Minister of the Interior to the Prefects throughout France :
" Paris, July 14, 1842.
"MONSIEUR LE PREFET— France is in mourning for the
heir to the throne. No festival can take place on the anniver-
sary of the days of July. The funeral service in honour of the
victims will alone be performed. Receive the assurance of my
distinguished consideration.
" The Minister of the Interior,
" T. DUCHATEL."
• BOURSE—PARIS, SATURDAY, .JULY 16.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Pr ce.
French 5 per Cents 117 45... 117 65... 117 40... 117 60
4 per Cents 101 50... 101 50... 101 50... 101 50
3 per Cents 77 60... 77 70... 77 60... 77 60
Bank of France 3190 ...3190 —.3175 .. 3175
Laflitte Bank I,ooof 1015 ..1020 ...1015 ...1020
5,000 f 5035 —.5035 —.5035 —.5035
Belgian Fives 1024 ... 102 i ... 1021 ... 102 i
1840 lO4 ... 104 ... 103 fr ... 104
Spanish Active 22 ... 22i 22 ... 221
Passive
Neapolitan. lO5 75... 106 25... 105 75... 106
Homan ...

... 27i ... 27- ... 27i

RAILWAY SHARES.
St. Germain Bl5 ... t.'2o ... 815 ... 820

Versailles, B. 8....... 300
_... 300 ... 300 ... 300

L. B 92 50... 95 ... 92 50... 95
Rouen
Orleans. 560 ... 560 ... 558 75... 55✓ Z 75
Strasburg to Bale 205 ... 205 ... 205 ... 205

THE SUN, LONDON, -TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 10, 18.42.

A meeting of the creditors of Messrs Atraman, Morgans, •
:..nd Co., the large iron .founders of Bristol, took place on Fri- (
day in that town. The liabilities of the firm are estimated at
about 300,0001., in addition to those of their several estates.
Debts to the amount of nearly 84,000/. were proved. Trea-
surers and assignees were elected.
Two additional cotton-mills at Manchester, belonging to Mr.
Guest, and which employed some 500 or 600 hands, stopped
last week. The extensive Salford mills, employing 1,000 men,
women, and children, are also standing still.
The Potteries are still in a most disturbed state, many of the
shops are closed. The colliers are levying contributions in
several places, and even stopping provision-carts going to
market. They are also armed with sticks and bludgeons. It.
is stated that if the colliers do not resume work next week, the
poi ters will be thrown out of work for want of coal, and the
distress amongst thousands of families will then be dreadful.

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