The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-12 00:00:00

PRICE OF SUGAR.

EFFECTS OF MONOPOLY.
l„
he LONDON, Nov. 12, 1842.
st.fr7itlisrsgugziavie. s, ra,ge prices of Brown or Musco-
liab ed ' exclusive of duty, were pub-
? the Gazette of last night :-
1,4 .
es t India , 365. 41d. per cwt.
•India 37 6
:sta
, the airtius No returns.
itl, verage price of the two descriptions, taken
' is 365. BA. per cwt.
'raj k) actual weights of Sugar sold on account of the
in.
.1 tors, in the week ending the Bth inst., accord-
-14.1.0 the returns made upon oath by the Sugar bro-
‘;'• in cOmpliance with the Act of Parliament, and
sizt(l eh weights the above prices are computed, con-
of 31,374 cwt. W6st India, 13,878 cwt. East
3
8014 Wt. of very dark unsound sugar has bean
1.„,141t same week,
which, having been classed in
4‘cra I.`rr.s as East India, unfairly depresses the
taw 3.e prices of that kind of Sugar, as well as the
fA{he 411, era:-e
price. Foreign Sugars, equal in quality
verage of West India Sugar may be bought for
rhe ifs r ewt., they are consequently 18s. 4d. per cwt.
~ The total sales for the week in Mincing-
t.: .err
'; 45,252 .; the les at the "e togethercwt the samtakie ng
as thesa London market,
,-:43lllners bought 90,500 cwt. of sugar at 365. 8 fd.
41.;1;„"‘” amounting in round numbers to 166,0001.
g i they inight have bought the same weight,
ct °,013 '=wt. of foreign sugar, at 18s. per cwt., amount-
INT, 81,450/. sterling; they have therefore given the
Ilig,;°rte,..lst.s over and above the real value of their
Ut.et.
i ?,4,5001., which, added to the excess shown last
'6,750/., makes 161,3001., being the fruits of
monopoly for the last fortnight.
rie,Per ~e cannot too frequently impress upon the public
important fact, that a protecting duty of s.
in favour of British Muscovado Sugars is
I'444'e/it to taxing the consumers of them indirectly
of s'e nnal amount of 200,0001. sterling, the weight
taken in the year for home use, is in round
'Jeri four million cwt,, four million shillings are
-aetl
1114 Y 200,000/. If protection were altogether re-
' the consumers would buy foreign Sugar, of a
thete"3:_ to West India, at 17s. 6d. per cwt.; as
codaan abnedance of it, it follows as a matter of
that :that British Sugars must inevitably fall to
kit ,PPet, or remain unsold on the importers' hands ;
and a.,.(inty of 255. per cwt. be imposed on foreign,
44%4' rll3.- 245. per cwt. on British Sugars, the con-
Paif.„''lrould not be able to buy, the former duty
Per ~„",,,ri.cler 425. 6d., namely, 17s. 6d, and 255. duty,
Sub; t•s. the present monopolists would also sell their
duty paid, at 425. 6d. per cwt.; but as they
°obtainto pay a duty of 245. per cwt., they would
Sugar : 18s. 6d. per cwt., m lieu of 17s. 6d., upon all the
last ti hey sold. The enormous average price quoted
1.18611-P 't in the Gazette, is entirely the consequence of
ti'e 1 supply, which limits consumption, by deny-
affordi. use of Sugar to numerous classes, who cannot
N„ ---
y the h rice. It s known to the
fr 0,11,11, distributorshi ofg Sugar, thati whenwell the price rises
nhos(l. to 6d. per lb., immense numbers of persons
lb, have been in the habit of using Sugar at 51. per
te,!se to purchase it -altogether ; and when the
tlits ''ses from 6d. to 7d per lb., the same thing oc-
pt , With those who have been consuming Sugar at 6d.
thni 13., rather than pay the advance, they will teach
families to abstain from the use of Sugar.
thefr are, of course, exceptions to the rule-these
1)4,,e most part are, wealthy people, who would
Sugar at almost any price; they are, how-
of; tOhe few, compared against the great bulk
4 "e consumers. Thus it is, then, that through
N restricted use of the article, the duties on
4,tek"aii..din!inish as they did in the last quarter, to the
kit'''. detriment of the revenue. This diminution is
xe°l,nlY a vast annoyance to the Chancellor of the
uetlner wh has 'formed his calculations for
o
Ithe''us disbursements on the expectation of receiving
ousilial amount of money, but likewise to the pudb-
fieic,„ large,. ho arc called upon to make up the e-
-1, "„rY by some other tax. Had the duties on
ti.g4rs been equalised five years ago, and the powers
it;ransumption brought into vigour by low price, '
Te__ Would now, for instance, have been no need of
t,,lcome-thx ; the Government would have had the
or twelve millions from Sugar duties which that
oti„la intended to replace. If the differential Sugar
kr"te,ha are not altered--that is remain as at present--
"ree years longer it stands to reason that another
the-9,ale-tax will- be required to make good
hzi., deficiency in the revenue which will .
accrue. Perhaps, by way of disguising
.the
ti):t,lllion of giving undue protection to the colonists,
1,43:-"tinister will hit upon some such expedient
ifhe as
Nutsn corn. upo
ke, With regard to that article,the
fm Canada are correct, a merchant i.nday
x,l
%lige his goods at New York for wheat, provided
.i.„1,, !neat, in lieu of being shipped direct for a
a';;;Psert, be sent via the St. Lawrence, the merchant
Pave to compete with the costs of transport to
'4l`La 1• h will be probably about 3s. 6d. a guar-
w
Sri
*hleh dld to the duty to be imposed for the
, added.
Per the Canadians, 3s. per quarter, and ls. 6d.
v
N,N'itrter extra for freight from Canada, instead of
their
- a,lllount to Bs. per quarter, the corn to be
)oetween-et'hve'l here duty free. The only difference
fiXed Plan proposed by the late Government of
cal bry ;-"Y of Bs. er uarter and the schme in
of tbj,' 's, therefore,p that,q in one instance, thee whole
lever, 'titY would have gone to fortify the British
1), mid, in the other, the Bs. per quarter are to
and tvhided between the peop!e of the United States
eithere Canadians, which the consumers here, in
bread N'TY, will have to pay in the price of their
forethe ln like manner the Ministers who concocted
et
h ge'ly precious scheme for importing wheat at
~ie;r bead siomilar to a fixed duty, may take it into
ail partst encourage the importation of Sugar from
of the world into the British Sugar Colonies,
especTaeidithe colonists will undertake, for their own
cwt. cenefit, to impose a given amount of duty per
cotild.,l!Pcn such imported foreign Sugar, with the
rot ti_gun that the colonists may re-ship the said Sugar
1?e British markets, the Government here charg-
Ne.." with a duty equal to that levied on colonial
qar, granting thereby a protection to the British
sursit Producers, and'raising the price of it to con-
to b 8 to a value equivalent perhaps to that proposed
ese conferred by the differential duties propounded
11,411. e Ifouse of Commons last year by Lord John
raisAol, the main distinction being that the money.
by the portion of duty levied in the colonies
tatiOnYwhere but to' the British Exchequer. The
ueeti, interest, now that the protection on their pro-
th,ll,l is considerably diminished, should in justice to
eurr,rives,, and 'to their dependents,. insist upon a
Ivhiending reduction in the prohibitory dutie. s,
prod, unnaturally bolster up the pries of all colonial
Lice,

Tilt
The 'SUGAR. MONOPOLY AND THE AGRICULTURISTS.
bi 'le tenant of a large landed proprietor in Oxfor - twhher.eoLznts to know why the agriculturists are to be
Y class to suffer by those principles of trade
th let? Sir Robert Peel has lately adopted for
aree benefit of the consumers; and why they who
efconsumers are not to have some corresponding
Lion They ask, he says, for no money compensa-
ae for depreciation ot the incomes by measures
kio,pted for the public good. They want no twenty
blituitohn from the public purse to pay for their lospes,
for want to know why, if their monopoly is mo-
botvaior the relief of other classes, other monopolies are
I,t;(),be modified also ? Why are the West India
u)°,;.e..rs, with their twenty millions in their pockets,
allowed to keep- their monopoly, that agric.ul
48.-,1:5 should be obliged to go on paying them twice
cla,,,lleh as they ought for their sugar, &c.?
4griest reasonable inquiry, which we hope other
mono 4'turists will repeat. the bearings of the sugar
Yen4Y on their interest has been frequently
ad-
the „ t° in The Sun, and we agree with the tenant, that
fih-ugar monopoly should be abated as well as the. corn
enc)-(4)(4Y. It is plain, however, that the same influo.
Neve in the Cabinet which preserves the sugar mon
q4ll°ws shinsito' be victualled at free trade. prices.
(;la'd"c, tenant, 'Or the tenant's landlord,. will ask Mr.
that stone for a solution of his questions, and. press
fae. Hon. Gentleman for an answer In the
44)1 of the House of Commons, the truth may pos;_
hi Ybe thrown to' the surface out of the deep well f
s /tiro.
ut: -
Ave L ACCIDENT AT TILE LORD MAYOR'S SHOW.--;
have mentioned an accident to the " ancient
suiig'ut) mounted on a charger, armed cap-a-pie in
l.
axe ,r,if burnished braSs scale armour, with a batt e-
who took part In the Lord Mayor's procession.
the
are happy to saY that Robert Jackson, the name of
Thew' knight, is doing well in St. Bartholo-
aft_v% S Hospital, to which he was promptly conveyed
the fall by which his thigh-bone was broken.
cerit.l3ermister •the house-surgeon, under Mr. Vin-
of set the fracture, and has every hope
hapless knight's speedy recovery. Some time
one before the fracture could be got at, because no
01: the hospital understood the unbuckling of ar-
untlli,r, and the'surgeon, therefore, was obliged to wait
fir 1- the smith or, armourcr who had riveted the
Mour on came and undid it.
LisLau,
some .t.„ '3l
-ENT OF WOOLWICH DOCKYARD.—Fort
in ,Cne Past a body of labourers have been engage(
lv- ('ng new-road to the southward of the present
00,wiet, ,
Pleted, and, Greenwich-road, which, when com-
will substituted for the old road; the latter
acres o"el he broken up and enclosed, with several
rest, as a part of the Dockyard. About 25
and `lla,oie cottages, situated between the Dockyard
theof eius will be pulled down to carry out the orders
de,q Lords of the Admiralty. This step has been
ilin.sile4 necessary in order to erect numerous build-
enb' ;Ind tvorkshops.for the engineers and millwrights
Nirtged in Preparing machinery, boilers, &c., for her
nrei 'tY's steam-ships of war. Several fine buildings
nearly,.
for finished, but it has been deemed necessary
to twice m several acres of land to add to the facilities
-
Low foreens6 on this, important branch of her Majesty's

IMPORTANT NAUTICAL INVEN-

TION S.

WooLvvicir, Nov. 10.—The Lords Commissioners
of the Admiralty have been so satisfied with the re-
port of the result of the recent experiments made on
board the Lightning steam-vessel with Mr. Clement's
sillorneter, marine thermometer, and steam thermo-
meter, that they have ordered that 2001. should be
paid to him in the meantime, and the machinery has
been ordered to be deposited here. It is therefore
probable this decided mark of their Lordships' appro-
bation of the inventions will shortly lead to their in-
troduction on board of all the vessels in her Majesty's
na7.
The following details of the experiments is from
the official report, and may be relied upon as being
correct :--

" Thursday, Oct. 13, 1842.—About one mile and a
[uarter below Gravesend commenced a trial between

Massey's patent log and Mr. Clement's sillometer.
After a run of two hours and a half (being off Sheer-
ness)—Distance given by Massey's log, 15 1-10 miles;
sillometer, 15 miles. Distance from Nore Light to
Deal by sillometer, 42 miles ; by tables reckoning
from buoy to buoy, 41i miles.
"At 25 minutes past four o'clock, P.M., altered the
course four points, during which operation the Milo-
meter showed a diminution of speed, from eight miles
per hour to seven miles.
" At .50 minutes past eight o'clock P.M., off South
Foreland, commenced a trial between Massey's log
and the sillometer. On Friday morning took in Mas-
sey's log, and found the distance from abreast the
South Foreland to about seven miles to the eastward
of the Owers. By Massey's log, 84'1- miles ; by sil-
lometer, 821 miles ; by tables, reckoning from buoy
to buoy, 85 miles. _

Moved
" Moved sundry weights aft, viz., boat, brass guns,
anchors, oars. &c. ' • for an instant the speed, as shown
by the sillometer, dimished to 7.4 miles per hour, but
it almost immediately increased to the former speed
of 8 miles per hour. Moved the same weights forward,
but could not perceive any sensible difference in the
speed of the vessel. The speed, as shown by the sil-
lometer, varied from 8.1 to 8.2 miles per hour.
" Tried the speed of the vessel by the common log,
which gave 8+ miles; the sillometer indicated exactly
the same, viz., 81 miles per hour.
" At ten o'clock, A.M., on Friday, when about two
miles past the Nab light, tried Massey's log, and found
the distance to near the entrance of Portsmouth bar-
bour—by Massey's log 6 miles nearly ; by sillometer
6 miles exactly.
" During the passage round to Portsmouth the
speed of the vessel was purposely checked by blowing
off the steam, to see the effect on the sillometer. The
speed, as shown by that instrument, was gradually
reduced from eight miles per hour to four miles, at
which point it stood steady. On the order being
given for full speed, the sillometer showed a gradual
increase of speed, till it came to eight miles per hour,
as before. On the return of the Lightning from
Portsmouth to Woolwich, the distance performed was
found to be—By Massey's log, 119 miles ; by the sil-
lometer,
The sillometer has a dial upon deck, which con-
stantly shows the number of miles per hour the vessel
is going; consequently it is easy to discover, under all
circumstances, what is the best trim of the vessel, and
the most advantageous quantity and distribution of the
sails for obtaining the greatest speed. As the sillo-
meter shows immediately the effect which every alte-
ration in the sails or trim of the ship has on its velo-
city, it follows also that ships fitted with the sillometer
can constantly maintain the speed they may have agreed
upon, and so keep company together, and maintain the
same relative position ; though, from the darkness of
the night, or thickness of the weather, they cannot
see each other. To ascertain the distance run after
any number of hours, it is simply to take the number
of minutes one of the watches of the sillometer has
gained over the other, and to multiply that number
by six, which gives the distance run in miles.
THE MARINE THERMOMETER.—The trials with
this instrument on board the Lightning, commenced
at eleven o'clock on Thursday morning, October 13.
Previous to leaving Woolwich harbour, and on taking
the centigrade it was found to be 12 deg. At twenty-
five minutes past three o'clock P.M., in five fathom
channel : Cant shoal, depth of water about 16 feet, it
indicated 13.25. In 23 feet depth of water as stated
by the pilot it indicated 15.25. Off Dover 16 deg.,
and in Portsmouth harbour 14.2.

From these indications it appears that the marine
thermometer, in its variations, followed the inequali-
ties of the bottom of the sea, so far as these inequali-
ties could be ascertained from the heaving of the lead.
or from the information of the pilot ; that is, on the
approach to shoal water the thermometer fell, and on
the approach to deep water it rose, and distinguished
the difference very distinctly and rapidly, according
to the transition from shallow to deep water, and vice
versa. It may therefore be inferred that the marine
thermometer would indicate the approach to rocks
and icebergs from the influence these bodies are known
to have on the temperature of the sea for a consider-
able distance. The dial of the marine thermometer is
also on deck, and shows, by inspection merely, the
exact depth of water in which the vessel may be sail-
ing at the time.
THE STEAM THERMOMETER.—The principal expe-
riments with this instrument were made in the Med-
way, and the observations taken show distinctly how
every variation in the temperature of the steam in the
boilers is indicated by Monsieur Clement's invention,
a centrigrade of 107 degrees, four degrees of Monsieur
Clement, being equal to 212 degrees of Fahrenheit.
This invention may be of value where high-pressure
engines are used, as It indicates the exact temperature
of the steam in the boilers ; but the engineers in the
British navy are so careful and fully qualified a body
of men that no fears need be apprehended by the com-
manders of vessels of their attention to their duty, so
tbat this invention may not be required.

REMARKABLE DISCOVERY OF
HUMAN SKELETONS IN CHESHIRE.

Considerable sensation has been excited in Bickerton,
and the adjoining villages, by the discovery of two
human skeletons, and the remains of a third, under
the following circumstances :—lt appears that one
day last week, two women, and their two children
(little boys), one of whose name is Seville, went on
the Bickerton Hills, in' the neighbourhood of Fuller's
Moor, for the purpose of gathering what is com-
monly in the country called " greg,' and of which
besoms are made. They had not been thus occupied
long, before the boy Seville picked up what he at
first thought to he a stone ; but, on looking at it
more closely, he found he was mistaken, and imme-
diately ran off to his mother, calling out, " Heigh,
mother, I've found an old man's head !" The women
were of course alarmed, and directly left the hills, and
leaving also their " greg" behind them. Meeting with
Morwick, the police-officer for that district, they com-
municated to him what had occurred, and he then re-
paired to the spot, and on searching it, discovered the
heads, thigh bones, arm bones, and other portions of two
human skeletons, the whole of which were in a very ex-
cellent state ofpreservati on. Information of the affair was
then given to Mr. Stewardson, special high constable
of the hundred of Broxton, who, on the following
morning, accompanied by R. B. Orton, Esq., one of
the county Magistrates, went to make further exa-
minations of the ground, but discovered nothing
more except a few of the ribs and finger joints of
the skeletons found on the previous day. Several
' conjectures have been started as to the means by
which these men could have been buried in this ap-
parently isolated spot, as the oldest inhabitants of
the neighbourhood have no recollection of any persons
being missed from that vicinity. Some distance
rom the hill, we understand that a number of men
were hung for rebellion during the period of the
Commonwealth, but there appears to be no reason why
their bodies should have been taken so far from the
place of execution for burial. We understand that many
years ago, previous to the road being made as at pre-
sent, there was a lodging-house where travellers of all
classes used to domicile, and as these hills have from
time immemorial been celebrated for the number of
bad characters who infested them, it is supposed by
some that the skeletons are those of men who have
stayed at the lodging-house, and been murdered for
the sake of their property.

PROFITLESS CUSTOMER.—In the good town of
Shrewsbury there were, and still are, very probably'
three inns—called the Lion, the Talbot, and the
Raven, whereat were weekly holden the market ordi-
naries, the charge for dinner being eighteen-pence
a-head, beer included. A frequenter of the mar`icet
and its tables d'hote was one Mr. David Williams, a
dealer in Welsh flannel by profession, of whom his
friends were wont to say he was blessed with an ex-
cellent appetite, the English of which was, that when
he dined at home he ate as much as six ploughmen,
and when he dined abroad as much as sixteen. The
Boren was David's favourite ordinary, and, for many
a long year, the landlord put up with the flannel
merchant's custom with a resignation worthy a more
distinguished martyrdom. At last, when bankruptcy
began to stare him in the face, on receiving the accus-
tomed eighteen-pence for dinner, his natural polite-
ness forsook him, and he spake thus Mr. Wil-
liams, I have no desire any longer to monopolise all
your favours. lam quite satisfied of your wish to
serve one. Why don't you give the Lion a turn ?”
LociiwiNziocn.—A fortnight ago, we mentioned a
case of supposed poisoning of a husband by his wife,
that a medical examination of the body had been taken,
and that the woman was in custody. Since then, sus-
picions have been afloat that a neighbour woman, who
died three months before, and to whom the prisoner
had administered some drink, had not been fairly dealt
with. In consequence of these rumours, the Procu-
rator Fiscal ordered an inspection of the body, and on
Saturday last it was exhumed for that purpose. The
medical report will be reserved to be produced in evi-
dence, but its tenor has not transpired.—Paisley Ad.
maser.