The Sun.
London, England, 1842-03-26 00:00:00

FUL TORY LEGISLATION.

szlt.7:o THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

44,7,:1---The writer has been long a member, and holds
Ptti,i7, offices in a large religious body, whose rules
litk":3' insist upon the payment of all taxes and duties
alder ;',.)Y, law. for the State, notwithstanding he will con-.
Itabl:",nia duty, at the head of a large manufacturing
the „(111/nent, to oppose and evade, if passed into law,
Font'. 11)11 income tax, in every manner he can devise.
Itqui3!ent With integrity and truth. If compelled by the
and strong arm of the Executive to pay to-
the maintenance of the old monopolies which the
" cling to, and the new ones which their Tool is
ilail'int; in the new tariff, he will feel that an injustice,
4,4 robbery, has been perpetrated against him, ren-
' Nu infinitely more grievous and hateful, under the
1 t(lsolemn sanction of law.
,34 3.6„4" rcad-the debates on the income tax, as reported
'qtivt-.4"r k'xcellent paper, with the greatest candour, and I
t)i lOt strongly convinced, while reading the speeches
Itt.:(111t John Russell, Air. Baring, Lord owik, and
4-ahotichere, that the tax is imposed solely` for the
hi"fit .
, monopolists, and not, as is pretended, for that
,„ ‘",N ti-,l';„'°r. The poor will receive little benefit from the
‘l5 utei.--rlif• A reduction even of 2d. per lb. will not place
et within their reach. The poor only can colour their
coffee. The reduction, therefore, in coffee
the' efIll"t save a poor family above Id. per week. Under
11*),.; In-law, potatoes must form the main food of the
'int the reduction in the duty on them will not save
1--ory
amily more than 4d. per week.
emintry understand the reason for Tory Ministers
sing such extreme differential duties, and knows
4,A1t):411,, that the people will not be benefitted by them, Lord
liussell may depend upon the support and grati-
at(' t a majority of the electors in opposing the tax,
Pr,,,,:;1 other measures of the Government, with uncom-
-IQI, asin
g4"'f• hostility
•Te her Majesty intended to convey an impression
the necessity of the tax, by the reservation ex-
. tilt, N, in announcing her readiness to place herself on
lq4,l4'int footing as her subjects ; and. we hope that her
thehre rs 3 will appeal to her people again, now that they
Possession of the quack-prescription, and before
- is mixing to swallow the strong dose which the
f r them.
o A HATER OF OPPRESSION.

TO THE TARIFF.
0 THE EDITOR OF THE SON. _
my mind, the permanent in.erests of truth
.„(54,iel6tlee ought to prevail over any transitory party
1f 44triefr- ; and as I cannot but consider Sir Robert Peers
)1/4" ad- a most important advance in the path of free
give to that extent I shall support its provisions, and
4„ti;:., eNdit to its"autlior.
/41,removes prohiolLons altogether—it lowers duties in
zjYt. hundred articles—it sweeps away whole pages of
1/4: •4'44.444;ate legislation on timber duties, by a tariff of three
s • 4104, kand thOse thref, lines bringing a very great reduc-
' • *-les [444 a correspon.sin,,,* benefit) :it admits many arti-
' f°"' 1)(1 at a much lower rate ; it moderates duties on
s.`‘ 1%:11,41,' materials—many half manufactured—many
"ali tinanutactured articles. Am I too blind to see--
nefi, 1)1: backward to acknowledge that these are real
:re
te.4 - attacked the tariff for not lowering the duties
Itatnlet'se and butter I attacked it for leaving all the
tack exports of France under the old system. I at-
: alld-t:4 it for keeping the absurd complication of the
ttau,„, up
4-11 the e7;ool)terocfect.lslaantdtackedi.t for the-duties imposed
clay and if Sir Robert Peel
• :ilisittle too honour to attach some' value to my opinion—
well as allow that opinion its weight in disapprobation ns
in
UPProrill ?—I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
JOHN BOWRING.

•k". 4,
44'

Athenneuro,
)sth March 1840.

IT,IOO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
—`nlllP before Monopoly, Ides of March, 1842.
Sot,
kippli•-:;.!- ou. have twice printed some information,
tise" by an emissary of the Government, respect-
t~e Price of bread in Prussia. If you will have
ene"dness to publish my correction of it once, the
of truth will, I hope, be satisfied.
1„,
echtf, y be some apology for Mr. Meek, that the
'1 to terms upon which he travelled, and con-
poitil his, inquiries, raised him above the level of this
en,„zon of his subject. I had conditions with my
Yees better adapted to the investigation—for my
ktves with them were no wages—pd to find them-
Aver s cunsequently they have studied economy
oIIIZ inch of their way. I learn that the three
thies frarizoischbrod in Prussia is uniformly 4 pfen-
ele third .and not the half, of a silbergrochien;
ch" ''isekeepers usually received four such brod-
r°r Petits-pains for 14 pfennings, or 3i pfennings

each ; and a still lower price was paid by a family
who received 20 such loaves per diem. Further
south in Germany, the same, or a larger loaf of the
finest flour costs only a krautzer. As to the rye
bread noticed by Mr. Meek, it is by no means the
article of common use, but a leavened delicacy of the
finest quality, under the name of saar brod ; and
many Germans have a custom- of eating a slice of it
during their dinner, as an article of diet, or gofit, ra-
ther than of nourishment. The price is, as stated,
silbergroschen, but the weight can never be 11b.
1 oloz. It does not appear that the rye-bread of
common usage, as the food of man and horse in Ger-
many, as oats are in Scotland, is materially, if any
cheaper than good wheaten bread. It is eaten from ha-
bitude, rather than eeonomy, by the peasants and com-
mon people. In some parts of Germany, the household
bread called messig, that is made from a mixture of
rye and wheat, and seeded with caruc, is very palate-
able, and on no account to be despised. I think this
observation calculated to settle some of the absurd re-
presentations which our landlords would pass for ar-
guments against free competition. It is at your dis-
posa 1 from one who has never deceived you, and can
be verified by any German, or by any one who has
dwelt among the Germans, for very few of. our
tourists pass their time with any but the English.
MAG.

N.B.—Price of good veal, beef, and mutton, in some
parts of Germany, equal to 2d. of our money per lb. ;
in other parts, and in Prussia' sd. Table wine, as the
new vintage approaches, has fallen to a silbergroschen
the English quart on the Rhine. Beer, in Prussia,
from 1 to 2 silbergroschen in Bavaria, kreutzers, for
the quart English. Clothing cheaper even than in
England. Pleasure cheaper in Germany than sulking
in this country. God be with you !

THE REAL EARTHQUAKE-OR
PROPHECY FULFILLED.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,—On perusing the columns of your patriotic paper
of the 17th instant, I could but be amused at the para-
graph headed " Earthquake by extraordinary express,"
and must allow that you have treated the subject with
much jocularity ; but I confess that I discern much
more truth in the ancient prophecy than is generally
admitted. No person can read the sacred works of the
ancient fathers without perceiving how greatly allegory
was in vogue in early times. May we not then look
upon the prophecy which has caused of late so much
anxiety in the metronolis, as altogether allegorical ?
We are told to expect a catastrophe in the month
of Mara, 1842, bringing disasters upon our land ? Surely
then, that prediction is fully realized by the late measure
brought forward by the thundering leader of the Tory
faction, in the very month. mid almost on the very day,
foretold by the Monk of Dide—a catastrophe about to
shake the very foundations of the trade and commerce of
this hitherto prosperous land.
I think, Sir, upon reflection, you will agree with me,
that we have had the ancient prophecy fulfilled (although
not literally), and that the timid inhabitants of the me-
tropolis need not anticipate a greater evil than that
already convulsing our coasts—an Income Tax.
I am, Sir, Yours,

J. B.

EFFECT OF THE INCOME TAX
ON THE WORKING-CLASSES..

(LORD BROUGHAM'S OPINION.)
A corrected copy of Lad Brougham's speech having
been published, and some doubts having gone abroad as
to what the Noble Lord said on the influence of an in-
come tax on wages, we copy the Noble Lord's opinion
on that point from the corrected report :
" A very great delusion prevailed in the country—at
least amongst that large class, the labouring population,
for whom he felt, and ever must feel, the most lively in-
terest—as to the operation of the income tax on them.
It was a common thing for them, and for those who in-
structed them, and who should know better, to say that
the income tax could in no way affect them. There was no
greater delusion than this. It required but little argument
to show that the labourer was affected by the diminution
of the fund out of which he was paid. When capital ac-
cumulated, the fund was increased out of which labour is
paid : when it became diminished, the fund to pay the
labourer decreased in the same proportion. The manner
in which the income tax was levied showed its effect on
labour. You levy so much on men possessed of income ;
all that you withdraw from their capital—supposing
them tradesmen, farmers, or manufacturers—came from
that accumulation which they had made this year, and
would either spend next year in supporting labour, or
lend to others who would so employ it. The
money which they paid as anincome tax was no longer
an expenditure from which they could derive any direct
advantage, for it was taken from them to be applied in
another way—to support labour of another kind, which
was not productive. If that amount were not taken from
this class, it would be an accumulation which would be
spent in the same, or the next year. The classes of mere
annuitants not in business, would employ their accumu-
lated capital, if not taken as• a tax, in lending
it to those who could profitably employ it, or
they 'would themselves spend it in articles of con-
sumption, and other modes of domestic expenditure.
That was the case of one class. " In another class were
the traders, the manufacturers, and the farmers of the
country. He would take the first, because they consti-
tuted the class to whom the argument applied, perhaps;
with the least' stringency. Now, he believed that when
a tax fell upon that class, the annuitants not in business,
the last retrenchment they attempted to make was, in
what brought them more prominently before the eyes of
mankind—in what went to 'Maintain outward appear-
ance—in those thingS which went to give a colour and a
form to their circumstances, as servants' equipage, and
what is called establishment. But, unfortunately, the
first retrenchment they made was, in that which put,
productive labour in motion--in articles of consumption :
so that even this class of the community diminished the
fund which they previously used in giving employment
to productive labour. Then there was the other class, the
persons employed in the manufactures and agriculture of
the country—and with regard to them, he needed scarcely
stop to remind their Lordships that, whatever was with-
drawn from their fund, was, in fact, withdrawnfrom that
which went to give employment to the labouring classes ;
that every 10/. this class .withdrew from their capi-
tal, by so much lessened the fund out of which
the labour of the working community was to be
'paid. Their Lordships would remember that there was
an essential difference between a tax upon incomes and- a.
tax upon consumable commodities ; inasmach as the
former was unaccompanied by any extension of the sup-
port and the stimulus given to labour ; whereas the other,
at the same time that it put something into the Treasury, of
necessity also put something into the fund out of which the
productive labour of the country was rewarded. A tax
of 1,0001. upon incomes added nothing to the productive
labour of the country, whilst a tax of the same amount
collected upon articles paying the duties of excise or
customs, of necessity caused an expenditure of 1,000/. or
it might be of 2,0001. or 3,0001. more, which went to sup-
port the trade and agriculture of England."

The Emancipation of Toulouse relates that, on the
sth inst., upwards of a hundred persons, collected from
the hamlets between Mazamet and St. Amens, went in a
body to the woods, belonging to the family Of Sarbiac,
and cut and carried away several hundreds of faggots, in
the face of a commissary of police and a party of gen-
darmerie, who were too weak to prevent them. On the
following day they re-assembled in much greater numbers.
The Sub-Prefect of Castres and the Mayor of Mazamet,
with his deputy, met them with a much larger body of
gendarmerie than on the preceding day, but were still
unable to prevent a continuoncc of the depredation.
Four men, however, have since been arrested, and placed
in the hands of the Procureur du Roi. A similar outrage
took place some time ago in the woods of Marshal Soult
in the same part of the country.
The frigate Venus, which left Toulon on the 28th
ult., to continue her practice in gunnery, returned into
port on the 18th inst. On the 15th, when about 30
leagues from the islands of Hyeres, steering for Corsica,
Captain Buhaut Gilly, her commander, was struck with
apoplexy, and died within an hour.
A letter from the Philippine Islands, of 9th Nov.,
via Madrid, states that the Negro Apallinario, who was
at the head of the last revolt, and three other leaders,
had been shot. The number of the victims of this out-
break is estimated at 400.
Our readers will recollect that in December last a
Spanish Officer, named Quintero, in prison at Vittoria, was
set at liberty by his wife under similar circumstances to those
in which Madame Lavalette released her husband. The Me-
morial des Pyaenees states that a prosecution of Madame
.Quintero has been ordered by the Spanish Government, and
that the Tribunal is to be called upon to inflict a punishment
of three years' imprisonment.
A JUDICIAL BULL.—Judge Ball, at Nenagh, con-
gratulated the Grand Jury " on the growing decrease of
crime which had taken place in that division of Tippe-
rary?'
THE CROWN JEWELS.—On Thursday orders were
issued by the Lord Chamberlain for the immediate re-
moval of the Crown JeWels and Regalia from Messrs.
Runde!" and Bridges, on Ludgate-hill, to whose custody
they have been intrusted since the great fire at the
Tower, to the new jewel-house in the. Tower, which will
be opened for public inspection on Monday next.
We learn from Zurich that the storm of the 10th
inst. was severely felt in that part of Switzerland. The late
was agitated in a way hitherto unprecedented, and the grave-
stones of the burial ground were thrown down by the force of
the wind.
An intendant of the Marquis de Monlezin has been
sentenced by the Court of Assizes for the Haute Pyrenees to
imprisonment to five years, for having made use of forged do-
cuments; and a rich banker, the son-in-!aw of a General, ha.,
been condemned to the like punishment, for giving false esti-
mony in the same affair.
The Temps says :—" Under the empire the Marshals
of France had nine aide-de-camps in time of war, ar.d five in
peace. Under the restoration,the peace establishment was first
reduced to three, and then to two aides-de-camp. Marshal
Soult, as Minister of War, lately decided that such Marshals as
were not in actual service should have only one aide-de-camp.
This resolution was warmly remonstrated against by Marshals
Molitor, Grouchy, and Clause!, the only three who are unem-
ployed, except Marshal Sebastiani, who, from his promotion to
his present high rank bas never taken more than one aide-de-
camp. The three Marshals represented that although not
holding any actual employ, they were frequently engaged in
questions affecting the general interests of the army, upon
which their aides-de-camp were obliged to be constantly mak-
ing researches .and drawing. up memorials. These Marshals
being warmly supported in their objections to the new reduc-
tion by..the rest of their distinguished comrades, Marshal Soult
has been induced to withdraw his intended measures.
The . Sentinelle of Bayonne, of the 19th inst., an-
nounces the loss on that day of a large Spanish sloop, as
she was attempting to cross the bar. The captain alone
was saved. All the crew, eight iu number, were
drowned, . .