Star.
London, England, 1808-01-28 00:00:00

Colonel Cadogan's ffatemeet, and direeled his men
to form on the line with mine. I went myfelf to
reconnoitre the bottom of the building t farming the
fquare in which the Jefuits' Collegess situated ; but
though well acquainted with them, I found it impof-
fible to get any entrance there. On my return to
Colonel Caftan, I intimated my intention of pro-
ceeding to the Refidencia Come of his men had
forced open two houfes,but I conceived them of nn
confequence, except as affording (hater to the woun-
ded men. Colonel Codogan however deprecated
the idea of giving up the ground we had gained with
In much Infs ; and as General Crawford was momen
tarily expected up, I allowed him to remain with the
troops, in his prefent pofition. 01 trolling to fall
in with General Crawfurd, I met Colonel Gard with
the divifion of the 45th, and learned from him that
the Refidencia was in our peel:lion. Almon imme-
diately after, the head of General Crawford's column
appeared at the head of the narrow greet leading to
the back of the St. Domingo Church. I had. often
mentioned to General Crawford the advantages of
the pofition abaut the Refidencia, and after relating
to him the misfortunes of the morning, and (Wing
the impracticability of overcoming the defences of
the enemy, provided as they were, I firongly preffed
upon him the propriety of their taking poll at the
Refidencia. General Crawford hefitated, and 1 faw
an apparent reluctance in him and Major Trotter
to retire. He afked me if this was not the St. Do.
mingo Church ? I anfwered, Yes ;but I did not think
it was an advantageous pofition to take. He remat
ked, that it was in flriCt conformity to his orders to ,
do fn ; and I reluelantly affented to it. General'
Crawford afked me if Colonel Cadngan did not cover
us ? which I told him he could, if he was able to re
(*Ain it. On entering the Church, which we were
enabled to do with the three pounder which General'
Crawford had, fome parts of it were found to over-
look the Mutes more than I confefs I thOught they
would. The colours of the 7t ft regiment Were found
there, and I was overjoyed that we had entered it,
fatisfying myfelf that though T migfn have ;teed
contrary, that General Crawford, as an officer, had
acted tight. Under there circumaances, Colonel
Cadogan was allowed to remain in the patition he
had, and the remainder of my column near the
convent were brought in. It was my intention to
have gone to Colonel Cadngan, but General Craw-
ford iufilled on my going in where the furgean was,
as. I was wounded. Things were at this time pretty
quiet, and we retied in confident hopes that a favou-
rable opportunity would foots occur of renewing
the action, or of advancing to the Francifcan church,
which was a little in our front, and a very deferable
°kid/ to gain. Between eleven and twelve, as nearly
as I recollat, it was reported.with other favourable
circumfiances, that the colours of the fort had beer
hauled down; and no one doubted that the Atg of
truce which loon appeared was to furrender, instead
of fummoniug us to do fo. Availing themfelves of
the flag of truce, the enemy had advanced their
approaches ; and after General Crawford had dif-
miffed the officer, they attempted to prefs forward
upon our gun ; but this I was not aware of, until the
buftle of Colonel Gard's going out and returning
with his detachment attracted my notice, when I
heard of the revere lofs he had fufiained.
" General Crawford came in &early after, his eye
now teemed to be open to the opinion we were in,
and to doubt that things were fo favourable as or
had hoped, and In fatisfied was I that he would then
have thought of retiring, that I dilated Major Mac
Lead to take care that our colours were confided tr.
Come truDy man. One of them had been placed on
the top of the convent, and the direction I had men•
tinned mull account for its being then taken down,
although the intentien of reciting was not aCted upon
for the moment. General Crawford teemed now to
think more decidedly of the propriety of retiring.—
He anted me if I &mild be liele to accompany
him, and teemed Dill to entertain doubts of being
warranted in evacuating his poll. It really appeared
to me a fubje& of much delicacy, that it was inapnffi
ble to prefa it ; and thus a hope of receiving orders,
and his fence of duty appeared to me, to lead General
Crawford to polipone the retreat until chat moment
when it became a matter of confideration whether or
not to communicate with the enemy. This 1 think
was between two and three. He teemed to think then
that a retreat was impracticable, and certainly I
thought myfelf it muff have been aoended with a very
fevere Infs. In a very little time afterwards, Gen -:ral
Crawfurd arembled the field officers, and gave hit
opinion decidedly to the effect I have mentioneJ,
and on his doing fo directly to myfelf, I laid that
in that cafe 1 thought a queftion arofe, as to
what effea our conduct would have on the general
operations of the army, and whether we were not
placed in that critical fituation, as to make i; abro•
lately neceffary for us to facrifice ourfelves? Neither
General Crawford nor th _de prefent teemed to think
there could be any fuch neceffity, and I affented to
the judgment of General Crawford, an officer, who,
though unfortunate, I mull ever tepee and admire:
and I think it a duty I owe him and myfelf to Rate
dininaly, that 1 confider myfelf in giving that agent
as having fanClioned all that afterwards pared. 1 do
not think, however convinced he might be of the pro-
priety of what he was about to do, ha would have
acted fo, without confulting thole whom he did....
General Crawford teemed perfally ready to Cacaos
his own life, but thought he was called upon to rave
thole under him. When this dirculnon took place, I
certainly thought that if we were obliged to Amen-
der, we might have had better terms ; and when
eventually Gen. Crawfurd went out with theSpanifis
officer I was not prefent, nor aware that the circum-
Dances at the moment led him to make the capitula-
tion he did. At the fame time, by mentioning this, 1
do not mean to infinnate that I either would or could
then withdraw the faoftion I had given to Greaten'
Crawfurd."

ick of the 451 h regiment ? A
;ht it my duty to occupy the pnt I
iancing through the town it was
lencia had no conneEtion whatever
pofition, I fbould have taken it
Prevent the 45th going there, if 1

icy were there.
tme quellions the witnefs Rated, he
t except the three pounder already
fed to his own column ; but there
:hid to Colonel Pack's column. He
)ps would not have been materially
confidetiog the manner in which
o the town. He meant light guns
foie be had with him were of no
was pet fealy convinced, that if a
Whitelocke's body guyard, or of
:r Colonel Mahon, bad marched
efidencia (which they could have
difficulty), they might have extris
ie. The 451.11 regiment, potted at
teemed to be totally out of the action.
force which could have extricated
'e found eonfiderahle difficulty in
all the troops which entered the
:her taken or compelled to evacuate.
:at was ever mentioned doting the
now where to find Gen.Whitelocke.
.ocas declined crofs examining the
Wand's
the Coml. —Did you learn that there
ion for the reports of cruelties hay.
'red by the Britilh troops, when you
fidencia in the afternoon of the bah
ith General Eglio ? A. I was affitred
Is that there was no foundation for
;elated to his regiment. My 6
murders were committed, becaufe a
f children were found murdered in the
brigade ; but it was any opinion, and
Linters the fame thing, that thefe
ex
tmitted by the banditti attached to the

Sir Joust MOORS —Was it your
, poffeffing yourfelf of the Convent
;de, you had executed all your orders,
Id nothing further to do but to wait
*lions frc.m your fuperior officer ?
and even my authority in my own
pear to me limited in an unufual de.
as my own perfonal fituation was
general orders ; which alfo exprefred
,olumn of my brigade was to receive
Lieutenant Colonel Pack.
of opinion that the force fent again(!
; was fufficient to accomplith its
,rtainly—it was fufficient to take the
Ayres, and if it had been found poi
Late the inhabitants, we should have
)nable degree of fecurity.
tell what was meant by ordering the
.rate through the fireets to the beach,
ad have eatily got to the beach by
td the town by the water edge ? A.
objeet in view was to engage and de-
lalforce of the enemy, which we could
)y marching along the beach.

TWIVITY THIRD DAY.
twford was again called in and a few
to him by Members of the Court, to
as thole pur to Sir Samuel Auehmuty
itmley, and funilar anfwcts were recur

Colonel PACK, of the 71ft Regiment,

:d.
Inded the left wing of the light brigade,
tg of the attack, contifting of boo, as
I proceeded to Buenas Ayresby
Led out in orders. The firlt remarkable
rafted my notice was the extraordinary
town, interrupted only by a f!wr ran-
ired at the column from a ditiance.—
,ent men of the advance ohferve.t the
.fes in Come of the hotrfes, as we pal.
idence would lv-rve diaated to me to
td them feparately as I went along, but
an operation would militate againd the
received. and I thought it right to profs
id fo, without further oppolition, except
flots fired from guns placed in the ave.
to the great fquare, and came within
he River Plata. I here halted the bead
in, to allow it to dole up, and hearing a
left, and teeing nothing, nor any poll to
I y front or to the right, I conferred with
Colonel Cadogan. who agreed with, me
iety of taking ground to the left, and
the attack, fuppofing the enemy to
The lamps were kilt expiring, and fame
tmed difpofed as if to afiill the befieged, in
fit attack, and circumflances generally
:ertain date of preparation and intended
I direaed Lieutenant Colonel Cadogan
rear attack, and advance in a ftreet paral.
I was always under apprehenfion that
[provided with means equal to overcome
t of the place, and I was loon convinced I
upon a contsft the molt unequal perhaps
,er fought ; for I had fcarcely approached
Francifean church, when I loft, by the
.nemy almoll invifiible, and certainly un-
he officers and almoll the whole of the
ding my firfl divifion, and who were vo•
urn the different companies, befides the
nearly half of the next company, and the
ation of the others compofing my divifion.
,mpafible to penetrate to the objet of
!eh I conceived to be the fquare and fort,
advantageous pofition in the neighbour-
'ought it right to Mid, and enquire the
the divifion which had gone by the
In my left. With this intent, I withdrew
Is of mine to the crofs ftreet from which
Panted, and which in a great degree pro
rom the fire of the enemy. I had fcarcely
when I learned the failure of my other
Co; and going up the other (beet, I found
tiring, and met Colonel Cadogan in a little
was eseeffively diftrefred, and emphatically
that he and all his men had done their duty
the weans of fucceeding. The aim which
led to .)ur column accompanied bids, and
nr horfe had been killed or wounded at
the gun was loft. I could readily believe

Examined by the Judge Advocate.
I belonged to the expedition under General Beret
f rd.
QWhile you were in Buenos Ayres on that oega.
lion, had you an opportunity of obtaining a local
knowledge of the town and environs I I had an accu-
rate idea of the town, and a general one of the cirri.
rims. I was the fenior of the officers under General
Whitelock, whet had belonged to General Beresford's
expedition.
Q.... Was you ever confulted by General Whitelocke
upon the plas of operations agates the town 3 A.

be at head quarters, eept by report.
• 8 • once that I happened to
General Whitelocke (poke to Me twice upon the fub-' I never even knew the the point of debarkation, aa.
te g than that.
3d of July—the orders and Q Did you Rate any other deficiencies
arrangement of the attack im „as
Whitelocke, on the evening of the
teeing me at head guar . ters, beckoned me diately order a fearch to be made for were then out General of itoplements for forcing doors, and did I not
m 're of loch
node
over.might be Rood that the implemental mentioned were on b r-
confidence
which I replied, that every .
He Paid, "what do you think of this r, to implements IA.I do not recoiled. I always
ard
placed in the troops, butwas envious ro ice the means fhip, and I did hear General Whitelocke order
the general's Q. Was any difapprobation of the plan Rated at
on into execution. Something attracted
the the meeting of the 4th of July
they poffeffed of carrying the attack that was decided fearch to be made for more.
1 A Id° illt teCOl"
ared to me left that there was, I a f a.t..o' -ome remark. were iu d
converfation. General Whitelocke appe ae,
attention at this time, and he abrupt y broke off
Nn ill the
was his own judgment ;and . I was the more inclined way I have mentioned. If I did not in my •
then as a man who intended to ad contrary to what and I believe by myfelf. which were It
mind gift
that the I an explicit difapprobation of the plan of attack, it
to that opinion, having t
retorted to was heeaufe I conceived that the Commander i- .
intended mode of attack would not be ._ 1 _
ben ...... . ..o
i. - . time
teen in a paper.
attend nest I Auchmuty. who had lived in dote intimacy loth'
brigade, but with diredions to
under other circumstances. Soon after this I retired I had the pothbie int rma ton trom fin. sumo
to my' General Beresford for three weeks previous to the
1 nec I arrival of General Whiselocke ; and I w •
to receive orders. General Crawford had re ig
morning, along with the other commanding officers, 1
and in t with the convidion that General lvhitelocke oriti
t having a : nally intended to ad upon a very different plan a.
preparing the difpofition of it, an no
the care of his brigade a good deal to me,
red from (nom
I Imperious necellity, *skit I never learned, and tr watch, the hour inadvertently patted over, and I Was ; wan. le.d to adopt the one I have mentio d '-
se
bled. The General Officers, however, werethere, . not prefent when the commandingoffieers were *dim.
I pettedly aware of the dangers he mutt encutotr,
and the moment General Whitelocke law me, he i
.--
called me over. Nothing to that time had been fur. I TWENTIMVURTH DAY.
niched to the brigade that in my mind would have i Lieutenant Colonel PACK again called in, and er.
forwarded t t a intended.
he a t ck I then more decidedly 1 amined by the Court.
than the evening before, mentioned my apprebentions I. Q..... What would have been the confequence to On
that we had not the means of fuceeeding ; I temarked ' prifoners of a renewal of the attack after the 'IN
?
to him that from the turrets of Buenos Ayres the by bombardment or odserwife A. I think that,
enemy could dillindly perceive every movement that bombardment of ilnenos Ayres mull certainly harti
was made, and I fuggetled the propriety. if filch an ; endangered the lives of the 'oilmen, but I do tot
attack was to be made, if it would not be better to at-
think, as I noted before, that the lives of the pawn
i
tempt it before day light, when perhaps we might I would have been endangered from the inhabit/mu,
have better means fornillied. To this General White- iI do not think the ' 'mats would have put flee
m which he fat's_. it
Locke feemed immediately to affent, and he took me : to death.
into the room where the other General Officers were, , ( Here General Whiteleeke.gaye in aam 'Mot
and mentioned to them what I had raid. It feemed by Lieutenant Colonel Pack,
is my decided opinion that a bombardment of Boon
to be approved of by the General Officers : but as I
thought, In coldly received by the fecond in command , Ayres will prove fatal to the pi ifonerb.")
as to prevent much difcuilion upon the merits of the; Q... Is this your hand writing? A. Coca
battlers, and the conference broke up with the orders' Whitelocke. after I came to the Plaza del Tonal
for the attack taking place the following morning. I the morning of the nth, a(ked my <victim oink
(t.. Is the Court to underhand that you never were 1
sichiee of the preceding qaelh„ni and whether I bid
contulted until the plin of attack was iffued by Ge- I and objedioa to give that opinion in writing; 14l
octal Whitelocke? A. I here Rated falls--I leave it' certainly not, but at the time of writing,feeiegerier
to the Court to draw their own conclufions. opiaions Rating that the !mule
Q.: Having Rated that you was anxious to fee the have bem much endang
-means of cat Tying the plan into effect, and having I of the inhabitants, if any renewal
fuggefted the propriety of attempting the attack be-1 place, I thought I owed it to
fore day light, did you or did you not communicate I apprise General Whitelocke that
a diltinl approbation of the plan alluded to 1 A. I I alluded to the bombardment.
do not recoiled any thing further than what I Rated Q.:_ Was this note written
to General Whitelocke. the treaty with General Liniers
Q.:.. Having Rated that yen recommended, that if —the treaty was figned on the
fuch an attack was to be made, the propriety of at- Locke prevailed upon ate t(
tempting it before day light, did you convey your the sth.
opinion that it would in this cafe fucceed 1 A. Mull Q.... Is there any thing fo I
'certainly, I never intended to convey the fiightell climate of Buenos Ayres at that
approbation of the attack intended, and to General as to make it imitorghte for troops
Crawford I opened my mind, deprecating the dread. A. Yea. I always enterveiaed
ful lots we fhould (offer by fuch an ill advifed plan. greateß apprehenlions refrealeg
Q. In what particulars were the troops under your certainly if ray ()pillion kw wee
c.q.ornend unpr”vided with the means netietrary to riot's to embarkation. I ihetdd t
enfore their fucceis ? A. I conceived in many—oin Whitelocke to wait till amore
artillery, in fcaling ladders, petards, and better ins. There is nothing in die gligastea
plement. for forcing open hooks, and which Insider- any time as to prevent mops
if nod had been provided before. particular periods, except vibes
Q Are you of opinion that if more artillery had of rain, and which was OR - -
been attached to the column, they would have had a QHow Coon slid the rain .
better chance of fuccefs, the church door having been Ares ? A. There were very
("iced by the three pounder you had with you ? A. night of the ed, and morning
Certainly, more a; tillery would have been ufeful, but continue In long as they donut,
icaling ladders were particularly clearable in anattack the year.
of that kind. Q. Had the poll of Coloati
Q.:. From what you yaw of the enemy on the sth, not cattle have been procured
are you of opinion that your furrender would have troops before Buenos Ayres
i been prevented, had you received rupport front the A. Yes.
troops attending upon General Whitelocke's perfon, Lieutenant Colonel
`or from the referee under Colonel Mahon ?A. Cer- I commanded a divifion
I tainly, even a fimple communication of orders would light lairds on the morning
have prevented the cataltrophe, or had the 45th regi- 1 re-paraded from Lieutenant
ment adeckas a fupporting corps, or to convey orders- seeded as far u the weft fit
Q Can you !late, from your knowledge of the lege, without any confident
environs of Buenos Ayres, that the army under Ge-. in bringing up the light three
neral Whitelocke, when entire, could have been fo my column, in order to force
difpfed as wont off all communication of fupplies to principal gateway, the enemy
the town ? A. Yes, I think it could. great numbers st every window,
I Q. From your local knowledge of the town, eauld 1 this building, and from the
I a communication have been ettablithed with the fleet, ate fide of the greet, and
and a lunation chofen from which the died of batte- with fume ordnance. On
\ lies might have bier tried ? A. Yes.
the leading company of sts
Q.: State where that lituation in your opinion
ought to hive been ? A. 'l'h' Plaza del Toros I con was abfolutely impoalble to
netted to be the moll commanding lituation, and bowies at the gun. were
and any very eligible fituation and
attack I fhould have been induced to have made, the greet. I was thereon
would have only been with the view of gaining that threw myfelf and about 140
one placr. All the ether attacks should have been I
i 140 Yards from the Jefoits'
done a, feints, as they could anfwer no end.
Q Was the Canaan:l of the Spatufh troops filch as i part of, the column difperkd
I joining ; and thole that wr
to have proteded them again[ carronades or grape, in general killed or you;
and was not a combined attack by land and lea the fome conference with Liet
moil likely to produce fuccefs ? A. Ido not conceive (Pelting my remaining in
the [kipping could have been well brought into aftion it my duty to detach an
until the Plaza del Toros was carried : that place communicate to General
would certainly have a good deal prevented the elite poll I then occopiad, and ,
of the fire upon the troops, from the way in which refult from his approaching
they were polled. On the other fide, batteries of manner. I have fence leitrnt
heavy ordnance might certainly have been ereaed I detachment eras either killed .
with died, although the ground in general is not [ this communication. and that
difficulty cleaned. I defended
hour', with the lofs Of It fide'
favourable to it.
Q4,Suppefing the Plaza del Toros to have been in
Our patriots, would it have been pralicable to have 5 officers and 8* wounded
had an effeaual cooperation from the navy during my then appeared with a R
the attack 1 A. Molt certainly. I cannot conceive with no other objedt those
that Buenos Ayres could hold out an boar, with bat- the tel.op, immegantelLopi,
tines ereaed on the Plaza del Toros, and a well cool-tilted the other olscere
ceeabised attack from the navy. to give him a parley. The
Croft examined by General Wit ire ince e. my rift was ordered to fel
lIIL Had I not in various converfations' before the of this circuroßaage, tbg
id oTJuly. availed myfelf of your local knowledge around my poll, wises Analog.
of ths country and its inhabitants ? A On the march fedive, and finding further refit
from Enfenad*, General Whitelocke did once or twice rendered; with the concurrence
or perhaps oftener, queßion me refpeding the river officers. The officers were
Mello, oa points connefted with the march, but elcort to the citadel, and
never refpeamg the inhabitants of Buenos Ayres; prifon. I think about apt
and never having been in that part of the country, I up at the Jefuit's College,
generally could not give any information refpeaing able to march when we .
the route. Rated, that about 140 men
Q. Did I ever fee yon before you joined the expe- with me—of there lon wr
dition at Colonia I A. Never. Lieutenant ...
Q:„Had you hoard of the plan of attack before I I commanded the 45th
I joiged with the main body on thy 3d of July ? Never. I

al the pafonersio7l4
from the erafpuntia
oval of the attack took
to myfelf pctfossly a
that lay optima fait •
t.
n after the mkt"
inlets t A. Yes, it ea
he 7th : General 1114.
to write this sae
o petullatly bad it 6
that kaki of du pa
troops to keep the fan .1
dud and ewe& it a
edam rye wads, al
bees given at dal pt.
aid have addled Goad
mate 4061161111 isks,
mate. berever. k We .1
gerg beelag_ibe lold*
wine there tens a digs
"hen Znaellitau
a let la July* I
very heavy ries is die
int of the 3d, bat id nu ,
liaur do at that ;Mal el
ooia been Mateo% et.*
tied for the ("apply of 6 !
Pres for a given tiled.
CADOGAN called.
o of the left wing di
rning of the stack. WY
ant Colonel Pack. I f*
fide of the )elain' CA
erable lofs dam Via
.hree pounder attedel
force as entrance ins 1,1
nemy fuddenly Maids
rindow. tad oa Atop
the barracks as thug*
at the end of da bit
In a &Aden the alb if
my column. and to
To pn
e killedcei otir of b
ordifelishievro
ad to penetrate farther If 4
ne obliged in all back
irft!:edrCniernianeltnenogaibiefilde.vo a
Thettotrokier • •
itpujed. After by*
ieutepant Colo* Poi
in fo bind n Pak I
sa officer and ten
al Crawford r
the confiqueletadlif
kg th tows i*l6o,
titrut that ;very PIK
:Med or wonitd4d
d that the pacer
oded thin poR for
tyjeant and if eam
d. As oEcer fiat Fs
Rig of truce, as
afamatonstometa
oppfnivi to him i aalt
eers army ;Pig,*
The Bring from the
Peale. and availiat
; enemy poured to
finding thy few Pal_ I 61.
titer refiliance Wield
currence of the
rere thep marched P
the men carried oil!
esci Arany &Aga PI
ge. pad about two
e furrendered.
Men tally cafe 0400
were kilted
spa!es Gasp,
sth. hoot Ilk it