The Sun.
London, England, 1845-04-24 00:00:00

btlnus

The House of Lords did not sit last evening.
The House of Commons met at Four o'clock.
• A new writ was ordered for the borough of Wood
' ,‘' taxiK, in the room of the Marquis of BLANDFORD, who
i\J -
--;t•,: 11-pas accepted the Chiltern Hundreds.
/„.:4-;/ In.the early part of the evening, in answer to a gnus-
Ytion from Lord ASHLEY,
a ft S. Sir R. PEEL made the following important announce-
That it iy the intention of her MAJESTY'S

LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 24, 1845.

lustice.

P

~~.

Government to propose further measures with
regard to academical education in Ireland."
The Right Hon. Baronet further stated that some out-
line of those measures should be givrn to the House,
either by himself or by some other member of the Go-
vernment, before the third reading of the Maynooth
Bill came on.

The order of the day for the House going into Com-
mittee on the Maynooth Bill having been read,
On the motion that the SPEAKER do leave the chair,
Mr. WARD rose to more the resolution of which
he had given notice, to the effect that the funds
for providing for the endowment of Maynooth
should be taken, not from the Consolidated Fund,
but from the revenue devoted to ecclesiastical purposes in
Ireland. At the commencement of his speech the Hon.
Member expressly stated that he did not bring forward
this motion out of any hostility to the Government plan,
of which he much approved, but he thought it right to put
on record his opinion as to the source from which
this revenue ought to be derived. In the course
of his speech the Hon. Member strongly animadverted
on the spirit of bigotry which had been displayed by
many of the opponents of the grant to Maynooth, and
quoted largely from published speeches and pamphlets, in
support of his position. He also went at length into the ge-
neral question of Ecclesiastical endowments, and urged the
Government, as they had adopted a new course of policy
with regard to Ireland, to adopt the right course at once.
The Hon. Gentleman concluded by moving his resolu.

Captain BERKELEY seconded the motion.
Sir T. FREMANTLE, allowing the sincerity of the Hon.
Gentleman's motives, deprecated the introduction of
the question at this moment, when he would have other
opportunities of discussing it.
Sir W. JAMES opposed the resolution, but supported
the Government measure. Ere long he felt that the
present state of 'the Protestant Church in Ireland must
be amended by the House.
Sir J. B. WALSH would vote against the motion.
Mr. MACAULAY, in a most eloquent speech, supported
the resolution, and denounced the Established Church in
Ireland as the most pernicious and absurd institution
that had ever disgraced any country.
Sir J. GRAHAM considered that the grant would be
still more unpopular if the funds were to
be derived from the spoliation of the Irish
Church. He was, as he always had been, opposed
to any measure like that proposed by the Hon. Member
for Sheffield.

Mr. ROEBUCK supported the motion. It was clear
that the Maynooth Grant had been extorted from the
foars of the Government, and not from their sense of

Sir R. PEEL protested against the manner in which
what he had said on Friday had been misrepresented. The
grant had not been extorted by the fears of the Govern-
ment. It had been tendered as a token of kindly feel
log to Ireland, and had been accepted as such. The
Right Hon. Gentleman defended the conduct of the Go-
vernment at great length, and said that he was bound to
oppose the proposition of the Hon. Member for
Sheffield.

Lord J. RUSSELL supported Mr. WARD'S motion, and
contrasted the present course of the Government with
that which they had pursued from 1836 to 1843.
On the motion of Mr. CoLgunouic, the debate was
adjourned, and the House rose at One o'clock.

Mr. WARD'S Motion, though involving many topics
adverted to in the debate which lasted the whole of last
week, contains others of the very first importance to the
peace and integrity of the united empire. All men
whose views are not obscured by religious intolerance,
or what is next in obstinacy and intensity, political
bigotry, admit that the main cause of the prevailing dis-
content it Ireland, is that absurd, anomalous, and we re-
gret to say, mischievous institution, the Irish Established
Church. While that exists unimpaired—while the State
religious institutions are Protestant—while the entire
funds intended for the maintenance of the Catholic clergy
and the education of the Catholic people are diverted
from their purpose, and grasped by a Church which
numbers among its worshippers not one-tenth of the
population—while the poor peasants are forced
to maintain out of their scanty means, barely sufficient
for existence, their own clergymen, and behold around
them churches without hearers, parsons without any
functions, and at the same time know that the Parlia-
ment of England robbed them of their rightful inheri-
tance—while these things continue to exist, no rational
being can imagine fur a moment that seven millions of
Catholics will submit patiently to the dominion
of England. We have been all along disposed to
look with great favour on the proposed grant
to May moth as a measure of wise and
equitable policy. We quite concur, indeed, with those
who think it no more than the concession of a right to
that people, seven-eighths of whom are of that religion,
for the better instruction and education of whose teachers
this grant is especially to provide ; the remaining one-
eighth not bang of such religion, but of another which
has hitherto, notwithstanding, been the dominant church
in that country. But we are not solicitous to dis
cuss the exact definition of the class under
which the measure should he arranged, whilst
we can rejoice in the fact that it has betn
organised, and (as we trust) is destined to take effect.
Its great merit is, perhaps, more relative than positive.

It is the more welcome to us now, because it has been so
long and so foolishly delayed. Better that justice be
done tardily than not at all. A late repentance is surely
more desirable than the unbroken and unchanging con-
tumacy of an offender. Besides, we cannot help be-
lieving that to give this grant to Maynooth will
very speedily put us in the right road to the
permanent conciliation of Ireland. What if this
road is only to be reached by bridging over
the way to it with the recognition of such a prin-
ciple as that propounded by Mr. WARD'S amendment ?
So much the better. It will but be one step further in
the direction of acting justly, to which we have begun in
earnest to turn, by making provision for the establish-
ment at Maynootb.

In this view of the case we own that we have felt a de-
cided sympathy with the Premier's objects, as be has an-
nounced them, in adventuring upon the bold, intelligible,
and honest course he has adopted in the matter. He has
perilled much to himself—(as the loss of friends,supporters,
connexions, influence)—in order to achieve much more for
the United Kingdom. lie plays for no less a stake
than the permanent ccnsolidation of its strength and
unity, too long convulsed and shaken, as these have
been, by the internal disease of Irish discontent—a dis-
ease aggravated, from day to day, by the suicidal
follies of political bigotry, and threatening the
most fatal consequences if the act:on of eccle-
siastical and sectarian intolerance on that dis-
content cannot bo stopped. Wo do, however,
and at the same time, cordially advocate, and would
humbly press upon Parliament its adoption of the excel-

lent amendment moved last night by Mr. WARD:-"That
the several sums proposed to be payable to the College
of 'Maynooth shall not be charged upon, or be payable
by, the Commissioners of her MAJESTY'S Treasury ow
of the Consolidated Fund," but, " out of funds
already applicable to Ecclesiastical purposes in

Ireland. That is to say, out of the revenues
of the Established Protestant Church of Ireland.
And why not ? If it be equitable and fair to make
grant to Maynooth, it is of strict and simple justice that
the English people, professing Protestantism, should not
bear the burden of that grant in addition to the burden
of this their own Establishment. If to withhold

the equivalent of the intended grant to Maynooth be
a grievous injustice, that injustice is not to be cured by
throwing the extra charge of the grant on the Protestar.t
laity. Their own Establishment is onerous enough,
[leaven knows, already. To make them bar the cost
of upholding a large portion of the staff of uncther—
whilst their own is in the enjoyment of revenues ade-
quate to what it would require were it the
Church of the vast majority—of seven• eighths,
instead of being, as it is, that of the fractional
minority of one-eighth of the Irish people,—this does
seem to be the most Irish of all the prccesses of rectifica-
tion that were ever devised ! We are of those who hold
that two wrongs cannot make one right. But let the
Established Church in Ireland pay out of its maximtm
revenues this minimum demand, on behalf of the clergy el
the minority, and you will do two acts of right. You
lfiteL wrahlicel considerations,
id common
eration sense
s,
d
will make that just and necessary provision in aid of the
\
burden of the provision on th
rig'
It is, therefore, with deep regret that we observe hoe
little of fair and candid
support the Premier (with whom
we have, ourselves, emanadndp.ubalnica pyooluicyw,ilais clap
pll the
as
e ht shoulders.
so
fro.: those opponents who, at other rence, on vital questions, on this occasior,
strenuously
manytoo)grreounds of political diffe
'carrying
advocate the principles he is nowo merantfinies
broadly
crisis like this, to taunt and twit the
into execution. For ;:. is surely little like
Minister
sppo,
tin,
ionthuatt
spirit manifested by Mr. RoEnocx last night. He
or.fL,Won the
imputes this wise concession to the " feat; '
PEEL of the "agitation" of Mr. O'CoriNF of
Sir
R.
one•hand, and of the possible coincidence
America and a rebellion in Ireland, on the otherar withwe
can better understand, though we deprecate, considering
it ill-timed, the argument of Mr. Mscatit.Av's noble
speech. That Right Hon. Gentleman also attributed the
grant to Maynooth to the influence of a similar intimi-
dation ; but he di.l so, hypothetically rather, and as the
fair inference Irvin that fatal system of delay in granting

remedies for palpable wrongs, which has been the besetting '
sin for very many years of the general policy of England
towards Ireland. That sin, however, there has been
much done during the last sixteen years to wipe away ;
and we retain an unabated faith in the present actual
progress of many more healing and salutary efforts,
pointed to the same great end of political harmony,
by a far-seeing and manly, though it may be a some-
what overcautious policy.
Adverting, however, to the question in a general point
of view, and even admitting due weight to religious
principles, we must look first of all to the safety of the
people—in other words, the existence of our institutions
and the maintenance of British power among the nations
of earth. While these divisions exist a foreign war would
endanger not only the Protestant religion hut the union
of the empire. Ireland is not as it was at the close of
the eighteenth century. Her power has increased ten-
fold. That of America has increased in still greater
proportions, and a struggle—either with that State ( r
France, but more probably with both together—would
alarm even the most unyielding religionist. And what
is to be attained by adhering to the present system
and forcing a religion upon an unwilling people ? Let
the history of Scotland declare. " For the space of 28
years," said Mr. MACAULAY, there was an uninterrupted
series of attempts which rendered that country the
scene of the most frightful government that was ever
beheld. Then it was that LAUDERDALE on the bench, and
Viscount DUNDEE in the field, exercised ferocities and
cruelties to which even Ireland itself could furnish
no parallel. The horrible torture of the boot was
succeeded on the morrow by the assassination on the
highway, and the excited and savage recusants were
seen to attack the coach of the highest prelate in the
kingdom, and dragging him from it, they cut his throat
in the presence of his daughter, whilst she was scream-
ing for mercy. Peasants attacked dragoons one day,
and were slaughtered by them the next. Such was the
state of 'Scotland during twenty. eight years ; when, at
last, it was discovered that institutions are
made for men, and not men for institutions."
But all these revolting cruelties did not subdue the
Scotch. They resisted to the last, and compelled the
Government to yield. Are the Irish less attached to their
religion than the Scotch ? and if England could not put
down the Covenanters—only a handful of the population—
what chance has she now against seven millions of united
Irishmen?

Madrid journals of the 16th have been received. In
one of them it is stated that the Emperor of MOROCCO
shows every disposition to adhere faithfully to his en•
gagements with France, and as a proof of this had as-
sembled a body of troops to watch ABD-EL-KADER'S
movements, as well to put down disturbances in some
of the neighbouring States. It was understood that the
Queen of SPAIN would leave Madrid immediately after
the prorogation of the Cortes, about the middle of May,
for the purpose of visiting Saragossa, Pampeluna, and
the principal towns in the northern provinces attached
to the Carlist dynasty.
Madrid Bourse of the 16th.—Three per Cents. for
cash, 35* ; for Account, 35-i ; Five per Cents., for cash,
25 ; for Account, 25 11.16.

The speeches in the House of Commons •On .the.
Maynooth question, and the result of the division, have
excited much intereSt in alt political -patties' at Paris.
Some of ihe journals, hostile to England attribute the
policy of Sir• ROBERT PEEL on this question to fear of
a war with America, and a consequent desire to recon-
cile Ireland to the English Government. "In the speech
of the Prime Minister," says the Presse, "the proba-
bility of a war with the United States, on the subject of
Oregon, was clearly indicated, and it is in order to Le
more certain of its ability to meet this eventuality that
the British Government is endeavouring to put a period
to the internal agitation which divides and enfeebles the
empire. England is now acting as she always has done
when afraid, particularly at the close of the last century,
when the war with France assumed an alarming character.
The Bill under consideration, of little importance in
itself, is much more so from the motives attached to it,
and the apprehensions which it betrays." The Refortne
writes France might in a few hours land men and
arms on the Irish shores. The recollection of the pro-
jects of HocriE and of the expedition of HUMBERT is
still fresh on both sides of the Channel. But let the ap-
prehension of a collision arise from the distant west, the
British Government suddenly thinks of Ireland, and
holds out to her the prospect of a milder treatment.
Two words of President FOLK did more for the unhappy
Irish than all the protocols of the Cabinet of the
Tuileries." The Journal des Debate, which some days
since published a long inconsistent article against Sir It.
PEEL'S policy, evidently not written by the intelligent
editor of that paper, now does ample justice to his mo-
tives and to the honourable conduct of the Opposition.
" The English Parliament," it says, " has just offered a
noble example in refusing to give way to exterior pas-
sions which it did not take part in. It is an imposing
spectacle, to behold a Prime Alinister risking, without
hesitation, both his official position and his authority as
the head of a party, to accomplish an act which he
deems just, and the head of the Opposition generously
lending his assistance to adversaries whom he could
overturn if not replace. Such conduct is above all praise."
The Ministerial Glibe is equally complimentary :
" To obtain this result (the majority of 147) Sir R.
PEEL has made no concession whatever to the new
friends who brought him their support. All that passed
took place loyally and frankly between the Cabinet on
one side, and the Whigs and ultra-Tories on the other.
There was no sacrifice of principle. happy that country
where reason and questions of State suffice alone to give
a triumph over personal enmities, and to rally to the
same side persons before opposed to each other." In
fact, all parties in France seem to be struck with the
sacrifices made by both Tories and Whigs, and regard
this union on a great principle of Government as the
triumph of patriotism over petty and selfish interests.
The general discussion in the Chamber of Deputies on
the reduction of the Five per Cent. Stock closed on
Monday, and on Tuesday the clauses were taken sepa-
rately. The motion of M. LIADIERES, the KING'S Aid-
de-camp, to postpone the question till next session, was
rejected. Previous to the debate the Minister of Marine
presented a Bill, demanding a credit of 600,000 f., for
the encouragement of European settlers in the French
colonies.

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
the 22d instant, at 85f. 80c. ; the New Loan, at 86f. 50c.;
the Five per Cents. at 118 f. 25c. ; Orleans Shares,
1,220 f. ; Rouen, 1,110 f.; Vierzon, 860 f.; Havre, 922!*.
50e. ; Avignon, 1,035 f.; Basle, 296 f. 25c. ; Belgian Two-
and-a-Half per Cents., 62f. 25c.; Spanish Passives,
The intelligence from Switzerland is to the 18th inst.,
but it adds little to cur previous information. A letter
from Zurich of that date states that "the prisoners con-
tined at Lucerne in two small churches were in the most
deplorable condition, and that, notwithstanding the
efforts making to prevent capital executions, it would be
extremely difficult to save Dr. STEIGER from the ven-
geance of the conquerors. Hitherto, however, no ma-
gistrate had been found to accept the functions of At-
torney-General in the prosecution of the leaders." For-
iunatay, one part of this letter contradicts the other.
The Swiss are not such savages as to have recourse to
Lynch law.

SMOKE NUISANCE.—The Select Committee of the
House of Commons appointed to bring in a Bill for abating the
nuisance of smoke have again resumed their sittings. In the
voluminous report published by the Committee last year the evi.
dence of numerous scientific and practical men was given, on the
advantages to the public, as well as the economy to the owners
of seam-engines, of the adoption of efficient modes of con
suming smoke. The evidence showed that upwards of sixty or
seventy inventions for this purpose have been proposed, and the
principal part of this number have been patented;
and although a vast majority of these inventions have
been proved to be inapplicable or defective, there are still
several which will accomplish the object, or will at least greatly
reduce the evil. Many experiments have been made at her
Majesty's
wth dockyards
variouson some
dedegrees
eoefs
ot
fh e
success m o
and it appears by
t promising of these
inventions
the reports made from Woolwich and fortsmouth dockyards, that
after a lengthened trial of nearly two years, It has been determined
et''
to adopt Godson's patent smoke-consuming apparatus, in the Govern-
ment yards, in consequence of its satisfactory performance. This
invention combines the two principles of coking the coal, and in.
troducing heated air into the furnace, by either of which me-
thods scientific men are agreed that a very large proportion of the
smoke of furnaces may be consumed ; and by the joint operation of
the two it is to be expected that the most perfect combustion of the
smoke will be obtained. Owing to the immense increase in
steam-engine chimneys within the last fi.:w years, the evil of smoke
has reached a most intolerable height, and it is to be hoped that
the Committee this year will not expend their labour so uselessly
as they did last year, but will devise some efficient plan tor corn.
yelling the
abatement of the nuisance, since no doubt now exists
as to its pract:eability and the advantages to be derived from it,

-- -- •
MR. NOTTER'S BENEFIT.—Notter, the civiiist and
most accommodating of box -bookkeepers, takes his benefit at the
Surrey Theatre tomorrow, as his own theatres (Covent-garden and
Sadler's Wells) are closed. His bill of fare is attractive, the
elite of Sadler's Wells company appearing, in addition to the ta-
lented company of the Surrey. The lovers of music, too, will be
delighted by the performance of some of the chefs-d'oeuvre of Mo.
tart, Boieldieu, and Auber. The American Samson will appear
and delight the juveniles. These are, however, mere extraneous
aids. The great attraction is the play of Julius Ccesar, cast more
powerfully than it has been for years. Notter cannot fail to have
a bumper.
A meeting was held at Lloyd's yesterday, when
titthtTeeehefoalltaleoittrhwhmeei nrarlgneirpedbessecotlfutfueotlinrotdhnearwnekadss
tunanimously agreed to :__ _
books published 'l.) the Netherlands
lands Ambissailor
actual survey, and graciously '
9rder of his Ma the valuable set o
Majestymeeti rgt
charts
Government,
from
grKtnsiendga and
graciously presented to Lloyd's, by
Ttw
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~,
prAcc,opplaytiopio' ttiolohaishomvao
jerestsyo.lution
was f_orlairad:escl tjoeSa."
gxeeltle,lleCiuyd,B:l. Dedel, the Nether-
k., 14 rEssioN
____Av •, . •
e arewhiontfroitarrotheed
ctuh:rtit.the
Rev. P. Cox has torwarded .
James Graham, and one t a copy of Tawell's confession to Sir