The Sun.
London, England, 1842-04-28 00:00:00

IR:ISEI LINENS.

Altogether 2,000 Pieces of Ferguson's well-known Irish
Linens are to be sold by the piece only, the prices being marked
by the clerk to the assignees in red figures at both ends. -
330 pieces of stout Irish cloths, are to be sold at per s. d.
yard 0 fie
1,350 pieces of a tine number, sold by Ferguson to the
trade at 20d., 21d., and 22d. per yard, will be re-
duced to per yard
300, or mere, pieces of their finest numbers, suitable
for first late gentleman's wear, will be reduced from
34. per yard to
Besides the above, there are about 9(X) pieces of fine Irish
Linens, suitable for hawkers or the foreign trade, handsomely
papered, which will be sold by the piece of 26 yards for 21s.
The following Lots will also be under offer in not less than
dozen yards :—Fine Brown Hollands, 12 yardi for 6s. 6d.;
fine Diapers for Pinafores. 12 yards for 6s. and Bs. 6d. ;
Linen Dusters the Dozen, 2s, some Knife Cloths at 9d. per
dozen ; a Lot of Damask for Kitchen Table Cloths, at 9s. 6d.
the Dozen yards; 40 dozen of Brown Table Cloths, at 3s. the
dozen, 1 yard square.
To distinguish these Goods from the other Stock on Brcoks
and Company's premises, the Assignee's clerk has marked
every separate price; the price in red figures, from which no
deviation can be made either way.
Brooks and Co. have undertaken to clear off the whole of
this Stock by the time of the next meeting of creditors, May
•I 6th, consequently wherelarge quantities are taken the reduc-
tion will b.. made accordingly, and as a further inducement to
large purchasers, 2i per cent. Willbe taken off all bills above 51.,
and 5 percent. when the bill exceeds 101.
As this advertisement is inserted by the direction of the
assignees in all the country as well as the London papers, an
early inspection is solicited, as country drapers, knowing of this
bankruptcy,. will be anxious to make purchases on so favourable
an occasion.

BRO()KS and CO., now selling on those extensive pre
miser, 106, High-street, Borough, extending to King-street,
the longest shop in London.

PICTORIAL WAVERLEY.
PART 1., pric:. Half-a• Crown.
THE ABBOTSFORD EDITION of the
WAVERLEY NOVELS is now in the hand.' of all
the Booksellers, Illustrated with above Two Thousand Engrav-
ings en Steel and Wood.
To be continued each alternate Saturday till completed.
R. eadell. Edinburgh ; Houlston and Stoneman, London.
To be had of every Bookseller in Great Britain, Ireland, and
the Colonies.

" The sale of this edition is likely to be an extensive one in
all quarters of the world."—Titues.
Tkti. splendid odition of ill; Waverley Novels is rightly
named the ' A bbotAwil.' The half-crown number is cheaper
than any of the Pictorial publ.catiuns by the steelwlate frontis-
piece."—Spectator.
" We congratulate the public upon the appearance of this
the most splendid edition of the Waverle Novels that has ever
appeared. The Wood Eugravings especially are beautiful
specimens of our best artists. '--Atlas.
" The Illustrations to the Part are twenty-four in number;
and they exhibit esery variety of drawing, landscape, archi-
tecture, and figure, and all are excellent."—John Bub.

_ -
When this work is completed, it will be by many degrees
the most satisfactory and elegant. edition of Sir Walter Scott's
Tales that has yet appeared. The Part is got up in every
respect with remarkable skill and attention to details."—Sun.
We have never seen a more beautiful work."—Bell's
Weekly Messenger.
•' The edition will be one which every one who honours the
memory of Sir Walter Scett will take care to be possessed of."
—Cambi Lige Chronicle.

" This edition will take the place of all others with those who
can afford to purchase it; and we must add that, when put
in comparison with its merits, the price is singularly low."-
11011 Packet.

" Altogetlo r, the work is g't up in a style worthy of the
great author, and there cannot be a doubt that the sale will be
commensurate with the very great outlay incurred in its execu-
tion."—Newcastle Journal.

" The Abbotsfiird edition will be one of 'the most magni-
ficent pictorial works ever issued from the press."— Gloucester
Journal.

" The first number gives promise of great excellence, and we
hail the work as a most valualle edition of the best novels that
were ever written."—Manchester Courier.

" The most beautiful of all the beautiful editions through
which those immortal works have passed; it is unique."—
Dublin Monitor.

" We hail this splendid edition with pleasure and feelings of
national pride ; and we anticipate for it a full and brilliant
roca.ure of suaeess."—Exeter and Plymouth Gazette.

We have long anticipated that an edition would one day
make its appearance, with fine illustrations suitable to the lan,!i-
ful nature of the work. This is at length promised in the Ab-
botsford cditiun."— Liverpool Albion.
" This will be the ne plus ultra of illustrated prose fiction."
—Salopian Journal.
tf From the promise offered by this first Part we cannot but
hail with pleasure the appearance of the Abbotsford edition of
the Wavet ley Novels."—Leeds Intelligencer.
We have no doubt this curious and interesting edition of
Sir Walter works will be an acceptable gift to the public, and
meet with an extensive sale."—Edinburgh Courant.
" The first Number, now on our table, is a fine specimen of
what its purchasers may
World.
expect to have in their libraries when
the whole is complete.
splendid t:ndertaking we cordially recommend to the
liberal patronage of all who would adorn their Ithraries with
the most pet feet edition of the most attractive series of books
which the nineteenth century has produced."—Nottingham
Journal.

" The edition, of which the first Part is before us, is so beau-
tifully brought out, that we think the publisher may calculate
on another 60,000."—Farley's Bristol JournaL
" This promises to be a very splendid publication."—Dublin
Evening Post.
" Of the Part before us we must say that is everything that
could be desired."—Liverpool Courier.
" The design of this work is so original, and its execution so
mast, rly and beautiful, that its success is certain."—Liverpool
Chronicle.

°l:ers!us Repori:citer—nedlien this horrid tra-'
by the
, -----
infantow, 'lto-,
torrile'tnyEobitalinEedil
gedy has afforded an opportunity to several artists for the exer-
cise of their graphic powers; and we have already received
too or three capils of sketches taken in 80W-street on the
morning of the 21st. Some of these are very good, and others
very indifferent. The best, we think, is one bearing the name
of A. O'Diiseoll as the artist, and which has been published by
Spooner. The likeness of Good in this picture is admirable; .
in fact we can scarcely conceive that a closer likeness could be
taken, except indeed by the Daguerreotype process The like-
ness of Tyrrel, the gaoler, who is represented in the saute box
as Good, is also very exact ; but the other figures are not so
well executed.

PARIS, APRIL 2;3.—Tiv.! weather, which had for a
fortnight been colder than had been the case for many years in
April, has become suddenly very hot. We have now an Italian
syk and temperature, and All that is wanted to promote rapid
vegetation is rain : a little fell last night, but it was not suf-
&lent to do much good.
The Journal du Havre of Saturday announces that
orders have been received there to re-establish a Chamber of
Commerce, in lieu of that which resigned in consequence of the
postponement of the Sugar Bill.

In geographical po3itioa, France is happily situated;
the sea and the Pyrenees bounding her on the west; the
waters of the Mediterranean on the south ; the Alps
and the Rhine on the east ; and Belgium forming her
northern, and it is true, most accessible, and less
marked, frontier.

The surface of France is, in general, a level, very
moderately undulated. The borders near Spain,
Switzerland, and the Rhine ; the central mountains,
or hills, of Auverne ; and the ridge of Cevennes form
the exeeeion.
The Seim, Loire, Garonne, Rhine, Saone, and
smaller rivers, open an extensive inland navigation,
susceptible of very easy and great improvement; par-
ticularly- requiring the general use of steam-boats.
The Rhone has already been connected by a canal
with the Rhine ; and the Great Northern Canal opens
a navigation from the Seine and Oise to the Scheldt.
The rivers and seaports of France have now their
navigation unlocked, and opened with each other,
and with the rivers of Germany and Belgium, by
means of eighty-six canals.

France has done but little in the formation of rail-
roads. A very bad one extends from St. Etienne to
Lyons ; one from Paris to St. Germain, and two from
Paris to Versailles, comprehend, with the exception of
a few miles of branch-rails, the whole railroad com-
munication of this extensive kingdom.

Arthur Young divides France into four irregular
regions :—" In the first, the vine is not ; in the second,
the maize is, not : in the third, the olive is not; in
the fourth, or the southern, there are the olive, the
mulberry, and the vine, with most useful grains and
agricultural productions ; in the third, are all but
the olive ; in the socond, all but the olive and maize,
or Indian corn ; in the first, all but the olive, maize,
and vine.".

According to MM. Chaptal and Mentelle, the soil
of France may be classified under seven heads, by in-
cluding the departments in which each quality predo-
minates. As far as my own observations enable me
to judge, I consider the arrangement correct.
in the following statement, the prevailing lands are
accordingly arranged.
Rich Arable and Pasture Lands.—Pas-de-Calais,
Nord, Somme, Aisne, Seine-et-Marne, Seine, Seine-
et-Oise, Eure, Eure-et-Loir, Seine-Inferieure, Ven-
dee, Deux-Sevres, Loiret, Oise, Bas-Rhin, Aude,
Tarn, Lot, Garonne, and Hemlt.

Heaths, Mossy and Barren Lands.—Loir-Infe-
rieure, Morbihan, Finistere, Cotes-du-Nord, Ille-et-
Vilaine, Maine-et-Loire, Orne, Calvados, Manche,
Lot-et-Garonne, Dordogne, Gironde, Arriege, Gers,
Aveyron, Gard, Hautes et. Basses Pyrenees, and
Landes.

Chalky Lands.—Marne, Haute-Marne, Ardennes,
Aube,Loir-et-Cher, Indre.et-Loir, Charente, Cha-
rente-inferieure, and Vienne.

' Gravelly Lands.—Nievre and Allier.
Stony Lands.—Moselle, Vosges, Meurthe, Meuse,
Haut-Rhin, Cote-d'or, Yonne, Haute-Saone, Doubs,
Saone-et-Loire, Jura, Ain, Rhone, and Loire.
Mountainous and Hilly Lands.—Hautes: et Basses-
Alpes, Var, Bouches-du-Rhone, Vaucluse, Drome,
Isere, Correze, Lozere, Cantal, Puy-de-Dome, Haute-
Loire, and Ardeche.

Sandy.—Cher, Indre, Creuse, Haute-Vienne, Sar-
the, and . Mayenne
. .

Of the eighty-six departments of France, coal is
found in forty-one ; and iron is equally abundant.
For steam navigation the former is, however, not
conveniently disposed. Gold is found, but not in
sufficient quantities to pay the labour of working.
France has also mines of silver,. copper, tin, manga-
nese, cobalt, arsenic, nickel, bismuth, &c. ; and great
plenty of mineral salt. _

Porphyry, marble, granite, slate, millstones, grind-
stones, freestone for building, fine porcelains, clay,
&e., are abundant.
Although the original forests of France have been
nearly all levelled, yet the kingdom has a much
greater proportion of good, and generally larger
timber than England ; and were it not for the great
quantity required annually for fuel, the growth of
timber trees in France would be quite sufficient for
all domestic purposes, unless it be fancy woods for
furniture and cabinet work.

A great variety of fish frequent the western and
Mediterranean coasts, and most fresh water fishes
abound in the rivers.

The colonies of France, with the exception of the
small islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon, which are,
however, of great value, and part of Algiers, are all
important in regard to their tropical productions.
The natural resources of France enable her to be
more independent of exterior productions than any
other country ; and not only to assume and maintain
a more formidable military position, but also to re-
cover sooner from the disasters of long wars than any
other European Power. In these respects Prussia and
Austria most resemble France.

SEAPORTS OF FRANCE.
FIRST CLASS, 5, viz.
Havre, or the port of Paris ; St. Malo ; Nantes ; Bor-
deaux, and Marseilles. •
SECOND CLASS, .6, VIZ.
Cherbourg, Dunkirk, Granville, Lorient, Rochefort,
and Toulon. • -

THIRD CLASS, 14, viz.
Dieppe, Rouen, St. Brieux, Adge, Brest, St. Ser-
van, Calais, St. Valery, Vannes, Boulogne, Caen,
Bayonne, Port-Vendre, and Cette.

...
Post-roads, bye-roads, public
places, streets, &c.
Rivers, lakes, and rivulets 434,365 230
Forests and domains, not pro-
ductive 1,209,432 612
Cemeteries, churches, presbyte-
ries, and public buildings ....

17,774

Total not pal inl; direct taxes 2,896,688 1,466

Total superficies of France .. 52,760,298 26,710
Buildings paying direct taxes:— Square
leagues.
Houses and other buildings, inhabited
Wind and water-mills
Forges
M anti fac tn ring establishments and work-
shops

38,030

Total .

6,767,433

Total number of whole properties, or
proprietors 10,896,682
Total number of sub-divisions 123,360,338
Proprietors holding leases for ever 13,168
Ditto life interests . 38,305
Pensioners of state
Public employes, requiring security for
fidelity
Ditto, exclusive of the army and navy, re-
ceiving salaries
Number of indigent persons ...
Operatives, or mere labourers, and not ar-
tisans, tradesmen, nor agriculturists
Population of Chief Towns by Census of 1827 :

104,325

627,830
1,928,103

6,400,000

. .
Towns. Population. Towns. Population.
Paris 890,431 Rennes 29,377
Lyons
Marseills 115,943 Clermont-Ferrand. 30,010
Bourdcaux
Rouen
Nantes
Lille
Toulouse
Strasbourg
Metz 45,276 Poictiers
Amiens 42,032 Grenoble
Orleans .. 40,340 Besancon
Caen
Havre
St. Etienne
Boulogne-sur-Mer.. 24,000 Ll Mans
La Rochelle 11,073 Moulins .... 14,525
Nismes 39,068 Chalons-sur-Marne 12,500
Montpelier
Angers 29,97B,Careassonne 17,2.50
Rochefort 13,248 Bourg,res . ........ .... 19,500
Granville 7,oooiCalais • 10,450
Bayonne
Perpignan
Narbonne 10,792 Dieppe 17,500
Cette 10,200 St. Alalo .
Toulon . 28,41918re5t 29,860
Antibes 5,565 Cherbourg. 18,450
Port Vendre 2,ooolLorient 18,322
GOVERNMENTAL DIVISIONS.

France, before the revolution of 1789. was divided into
thirty-two provincial governments. The kingdom was
afterward; subdivided into eighty-six departments, and
the whole formed into military, administrative, financial,
judicial, academical, and ecclesiastical divisions.
The administrative divisions, &e., of France, as cen-
tralised in the bureau of the Minister of Justice and
Public Works aro eighty-six departments, containing
(according to the returns of 1832):—
Hectares of land.. 52,760,298
Inhabitants
Persons enrolled as national guards
As contingent milia
Qualified as jurors
Enrolled to vote for the election of deputies 100,639
Members to represent the department in the
Chamber of Deputies 460
These departments have been subdivided into—

363 arrondissemcns,
2,835 cantons, and
37,021 communes.
Each department is under the administration of a Prefet;
The arrondissemens are each under that of a Sous-Prefet;
The cantons, severally, under that of a superior Juge de
Pais ; and
The communes under the administration of a Mayor and
his assistants.

SUDDEN DE-ATH.—Late on Monday night an in-
quest was taken before Mr. Higgs, deputy.coroner far West-
muster, at the Sun Tavern, Curzon-street, •May-falr, on view
of the body of Thomas Oliver Gascoigne, Esq., aged 36.
Amongst the personal friends of deceased present at the inquest
were, Earl de Grey, Lord Morton, W. Beckett, F.sq. M.P.,
W. Ferrand, Esq., W. L. Gilmour, Esq., H. B. Ra.Y:EN" J.
Oliver, Esq., Robt. Oliver, Esq., &c. Henry Soames deposed
that he was valet to the deceased geatleman, who resided at No.
40, Curzon-street. He was generally in the enjoyment of good
health. About two o'clock last Sunday afternoon witness
last saw hint alive, at which time be was in the drawing-room.
An hour afterwards witness, on going into the room, found
him sitting on the._ floor with his head restinr, on the arm of
one of the chairs apparently lifeless. Ile immediately called up
Mr. APDonald, the landlord of the house, when a surgeon was
_sent for,>wio pronounced him to be dead. Mr. J. Moody,
surgeon, No. 11, Curzon-street, considered that his death was
caused by apoplexy. It further appeared that. deceased, who,
on the demise of his father would have come into possession of
60,0001. a-year, was subject to epilepsy, in a fit of ahich, no
doubt, he was first seized, and that merging into apoplexy ter-
minated in death. Verdict—" Died by the visitation of God."

About two o'clock yesterday afternoon a fire
broke out at No. 6, Loder-place, near Buckingham Palace.
It soon caught the adjoining house, and Was still raging ac-
cording to the last accounts. A young ehild is said to -lave
perished in the dames.

Baron Lagos' plan has been before the Council of State, and
I hear is not yet decided on. Its advocates say that Portugal
can never pay the prospective interest of five aril six per sent.
on principal and arrears; and that, therefore, the creditors
trill do better to secure the present addition which is offered
them by Barns Lagos' plan of conversion, viz., instead of 4
per cent, on the principal and arrears payable in London, four
per cent. on the principal payable in Lisbon ; the difference is
father more than one per cent. The argument the advocates
of this plan use against this scheme of conversion now going on
may be turned against themselves. per cent. additional in-
terest would require an additional annual provision of nearly
400 contos per annum ; and, quiere, whether in the present state
of affairs such an annual charge in addition to the 1,000 contos
per annum, now payable for the half dividends, can be
securely provided for I doubt it very much ; the last dividends
have been paid by lcans, a great deficit still ,remains, and
claims of various kinds, which had been agreed upon be-
tween the Fuglish and Portuguese Governments, have not yet
been discharged. The Peninsular officers, for instance, have
109,0001. of arrears owing to them, which 1 mentioned last
year had been agreed to be paid in twelve instalments, at three
months each ; well, nothing has yet been paid them. There
are other claims due and equally unsatisfied. Under these cir-
cumstances, I do not regard the plait of conversion into a Por-
tuguese Four per cent. stock as one likely to benefit the perma-
nent holders. No doubt a single dividend could be provided
for, which might enable speculators to gain and some large
holders to shift their burdens on other shoulders at a good
profit; but until the state of things here is very different to
what it now is, the prospect of Portugal being able to go on
paying four per cent. seems a very doubtful one.
The French ships Jena and Africaine left on Wednesday
last. They were, I understant. to touch at Cadiz and Tangiers
or Gibraltar, on their way to the Mediterranean. A French
sailor, who was proved to hare killed the Portuguese boatman,
remains in prison. M. de Varennes wanted him to be given
up to French justice, but the Government refused.
The Indus and Lynx remain. The former has been down
at Pace d'Araos three days, practising firing at 800 yards.
Lord Howard and a party went down the river on Saturday in
the Lynx, to witness the firing, and I hear were highly gratified
with the excellence of their practice.

MEMOIR OF M. AGUADO, THE

SPANISH FINANCIER.

M. A. Aguado was born in the year 1786, in one of the pro.
vinces of Spain, and was, at the time of his death, in his
fifty-sixth year. At. the age of twenty-two be entered the
army, and was a captain of dragoons hi the service of Joseph
Bonaparte. On the termination of the war of independence,
he supported himself by selling wine: but when the Royalist
loans became desperate in their state, M. Aguado, who was
always a keen speculator, immediately put himself forward to
undertake the management of the deranged finance, and be-
came, in a short time, the agent of the Spanish Government.
From this period the history of the finance of Spain is, virtu-
ally, the history of M. Aguado's life and well-managed
transactions.

The Spanish loans have so long filled a large portion of
space befora the public eye, M. Aguado being the manager and
contractor of every one of those which have been made since
the fall of the Constitutional Government, except the first,
which, amounting to 334,000,000 reals vellon, was contracted
b Guebhard, of Paris, with Senor Erro, who was in 1823
Minister of Finance, that the fittest thing we can do is to set
. them out in a distinct and intelligible form, and to deduce from
them the actual proceeds which they have given, as well as the
loss which from M. Aguado's successive authorizations, arising
out. of the distracted state of the country, the Spanish Govern-
ment has sustained.

SECOND LOA N.—The decree relative to this loan was pub-
lished in the Madrid Gazette, Bth March, 1824, and the
Spanish Government, whose financial difficulties were inereas-
ing from year to year, authorised M. Aguado, on the 2d of
May, 1825, to negotiate to the amount of 18,767,000 reels
Tenon,' on account of the stock created by the decree of
March. The commission was four per cent., and the interest
payable at Paris at an exchange of sf. 40c. per dollar.
THIRD LOAN.—This was contracted with M. A. Ague*
Oct. 15, 1828, for 300,000,000 reels vellon, at 471,4 per cent.,
commission 5 per cent., interest payable in Parts at an ex •
change of 51. 40c. per dollar. The sums arising from this loan
thus managed by M. Aguado, amounted to 153,09t),000 reels
vellon real value. This sum enabled the Government to dis-
charge the half-year's interest, paid one series of the Royal
loan, arid satisfied other demands on the treasury.
Foun.rit LOAN —This was contracted with M. A. Aguado
on the 25th January, 1830, for 293,100,009 teals vellon ; the
price was 56 per cent., payable in thirteen monthly instalments,
the interest 5 per cent., and commission 5 per cent. The pro-
ceeds of this loan amounted to 117,448,300 r. v. real value,
which were employed to meet the various demands upon the
Spanish treasury. This loan made up the amount of
800,000,000 r. v. as created by the decree of the Bth March,
1824.

Firm Loa N.—This was mie of the moot difficult pieces of
M. Aguado's financiership, and wai ably and creditably ma-
naged as far as he could control the circumstances over %cinch
he had to employ his talents. This loan was created by an
autograph decree of 21st February, 1831, for an indeterminate
quantity of 3 per cent. stock, not exceeding 1,000,000 dollars.
The principal object of this decree was the recognitior. of the
loans contracted by the Cortes, and they were to be cor,vcred as
follows:—For a bond of 100 dollars stock of the Cortes' loans,
an inscription of •)0 dollars 3 per cent. steel: was given, and
the remaining SO dollars were capita/isea, and'exclvanged capi-
tal for capital- for certificates of deferred debt, cort':ertilsle one-
fortieth
ueset en dt withsto: stock
h;ijt crhtioaeen;
ever r e
d;eievrnis:ii.oednnsio
castt. ikan,
ftoifirctiaettehs.in
ja.chAygeuaardoinwtoas3epnet
arrear were also exchanged capital for capital for the like err•
commission of 3 per cent. He effected a conversion to the
amount of
480,4547,000 Teals
raaloveacl value,
ciantteso
Since then, a sum of -.U,tr2t4,000 reals vellon, nominal eapi-
tal of three per cent.stock, has been employed in payini of
the two first fortieths of the deterred debt ; and the wanes the
1.000,000 dollars has been subsequently negotiated by M-
A;uado at different prices in Amsterdam, Antwerp, Paris..
andnLeomodpoh,ed to meet
London, amounting aCt - '
9,136,000 reals vellon • and has
been the various demands upon the Govern-
!vent at Madrid.

which will show at a coup/bell M. A
From the above we proceed to form the following summary,
he was the instrument of Government, along With their results:
Reels vellon.
Summary of the fortes Loans in 33 m0nth5...2,098,961,875
goad()); labour as far as
Proceeds in actual money. ....................... 507,404,084

Loss to the Spanish Government 1,591,557,791
Summary of the Royal Loans in lOyears,viz 1,745,89%666
Proceeds in actual money ..... 739595,106

Loss to the Spanish Government 1,006,295,560
The whole of these loans have b!cii formally recognised by
has been contracted by the Spariiiih..4s)-
tninthe Spanish Government. In addition to these, a loan, calla
amount_ was 4,000,000!. sterling at 60 pa
4
cent., making nearly ,000,000/. sterling of Stock. It v.as
ythee Rcegnetn;cythLeoan,
taken by Messrs. Ricardo of London, in conjunction with wane
French bankers, and settled Nov. `2O, 1834, with Count %sail
at Madrid.

'weuty reals are equal to 4s. 2d,