Star.
London, England, 1830-04-19 00:00:00

THE• CHURCH.

07/FtIIID, Arum 17.
Yesterday, E. Blencowe, 13. A. and C. Grow,ll, B.A. were
elected Fellows of Orid Colleg.•.
Yesterday, the following Gentlemen were elected Fellows of Mer-
ton College:—Hon. J. S. Wortley, 13. A. Christ Church; E. W.
Ilead, B.A. Oriel College ; and F. Calvert, B.A. Student of Christ
Church.

On Thursday, the 11th inst. the Rev. W. Firth, B.D. Fellow of
Corpus Christi College, was instimted by the Lord Bishop t)ftialis-
bury to the Rectory of Letcomb B.ssett, Becks, void by the resigna-
tion of the Rev. J. B. Frowd, MD. Fellow of the same College.
Patrons, the }'resident and Fellows of Corpus Chri.ti College.
The Rev. J. F. Jones, M.A. M. hue of lislliol College. has been
instituted, by the Lord Bishop of Llandaff, to the Rectory of
Guemesney, Monmouthshire, on the presentation of his Urace the'
Duke of Beaufort.

A conga has passed the Great Seal, for electing Dr. Bethel!, the
Bishop of Gloucester, to the see of Exeter, vacant by the tratts!ation
of Dr. Carey to the Bishopric of Nt. Asaph.
Rev. C. Reynolds. B.A. to the Rectory of Brandon Parra, Nor-
folk ; patron, F. R. Reynolds, Esq.
Rev. C. Ma►on to the Vicarage of Brimfield, Suiralk ; patron the
King.
The Rev. Dr. Barrow, Prebend of Southwell, and not the Rev.
Dr. Sikes, has been appointed Archdeacon of Nottingham, in the
room of the late Archdeacon Eyre.
Rev. C. IV. Eyre, M.A. son of the late Archdeacon Eyre, to the
Rectory of Babworth, Notts, vacant by the death of his ;
patron, the lion. J. B. Simpson.
Rev. J. D. Ness to the Vicarage of Morthoe, Devon.
Rev. J. Rowlandson to the Perpetual Curacy of Ilansergh, West-
morland.

The Bishop of Leighlin and Ferns has presented the Bev. J.
Wilson, Curate of St. Audeon's, Dublin, to the Chancellorship of
Leighlin, vacant by the death of the itev. J. Fairelough.
The Trustees of the Andersonian University at Glasgow have
solved to institute two new Professorships, one of Logic, the Prac-
tice of English Composition, and Ethics; and the other of Veteri.
nary Surgery.—Alcrcury.
CONFIRMATION.—During the Irnt season which hits just CX-
pired. the Right Rev. Dr. Paterson, Roman Catholic Bishop of
Edinburgh, confirmed upwards of three hundred persons in the Ca-
tholic chapel therc, among whom were several individuals who hart
embraced the Catholic faith.

Easter Sunday two men publicly renounced the errors of the
Church of Rome in Bailinlough Church.—Dublin Eresiing
The trustees of the Right Honourable the Earl of F.rthiston have
presented the Rev. John Bryce, preaches of the gospel, to be assist-
ant and successor to the Rev. Mr. Hendry, of Arthossan
Tuesday the gold medal annually gilled by the Society of Writers
to his Majesty's Signet, to the best Latin scholar in the senior Hu-
manity Class, was presented, in the class-room, by the Deputy
Keeper and a committee of the body, to the successful candidate,
Mr. John Lillie, of Kelso.

The elders, managers, and a few others, members of the Second
United Associate Congregation in Alloa, have presented to P. 'Also.
farlane, Esq. of Bridgend, a large and handsome portrait of him-
selr, in an elegant frame, in testimony of their gratitude to him for
his faithful, valuable, and gratuitous services, while acting as trea-
surer and seat-leter to the congregation during the space of about
24 years.

SIERRA LEONE.

Concluded from the STA It of Friday.

It is observed that the system which is now pursued, of requiring
the newly imported Africans to combine and assist each other,
during the time they are supported, in completing their houses and
cultivating the grounds, is conducive to much good, as they arc en-
abled mote speedily to provide for themselves, tux) thus the 2d a
day for six months, with the clothing, cooking utensils, and agri-
cultural instruments, given to them when first located, are found
quite adequate to their wants, and no further pecuniary assistance is
afterwards required by them from Government.
After describing the cheerful appearance of the country on each
side of the road between the villages, the report proceeds to state,
that the difficulty shich had presented itself in augmenting the po-
pulation of some of tht old established villages, owing to the steri-
lity of the lands in their immediate vicinity, had induced the Go-
vernor to make a selection of two pieces of unoccupied ground near
Cape Sierra I.eone, and about three miles distant from Freetown,
where he had formed two villages capable of settling 800 families.
It is observed, that although these places have been but recently
formed, and the individuals composing the inhabitants rescued from
the holds of slave ships but a few months back, many of them are
in the possession of goats, pigs, and poultry, and on Sundays appear
cleanly attired.
The following extracts will be found interesting
In those villages where the disbanded soldiers of the West
India Regiments and Royal African corps are settled, the inhabi-
tants generally derive eminent benefit frum the pensions being paid
on the spot ; and by the constant circulation of money several have
established shops for retailing merchandize, and others who have
been provident have built comfortable stone and frame houses. This
disposition and spirit for improvement is most apparent at Welling.
ton, York, Hastings, and Waterloo.
"Several of the liberated Africans, who have obtained lots of land
in Freetown, have built, and are now in the progress of building,
good houses. These are principally mechanics and hawkers of mer.
chandise. Many of the liberated Africans and disbanded soldiers
employ themselves in the burning of lime, sawing of boards, cutting
shingles and clap boards, all of which are carried for miles from the
spot where they are prepared to their villages, and from thence either
brought to Freetown by land or by water in canoes which are kept
and hired out for that purpose by the liberated Africans residing in
the villages situate on the banks of the river or on the sea coast.
In return for these articles they generally receive cult, which is not
kept dormant, for with that they purchase cattle from the natives
trading to the sulony, and taking them to the country villages where
there is excellent pasture, they are fattened and afterwards sent to
the market, and • profit of nearly 100 per cent. is realized by this
species of industry. Pigs and poultry are raised in the villages,
and the market of Freetown receives from them an ample supply
daily of this Kind of stock, as well as of eggs and country vegetables,
consisting of ochre, yavas, spinage, and cocoa-tops, also yams,
ra sada, cocoa, Indian corn, ground-nuts, pine.applea, sugar-cane,
fire-wood, salt, grass, &c ; the value of these articles may be es-
timated by the well-known fact, that a labouring man can go into
the market and purchase as much food for three halfpence as will
suffice for two meals. Some of the persons supplying the market
are known to travel from Waterloo and Hastings, the former being
22 and the latter 16 miles from Freetown, carrying their produce in
baskets on their heads; this kind of industry clearly manifests the
desire the liberated Africans have to labour voluntarily to enable
them by honest means to become possessed of those luxuries which
they me their more wealthy brethren enjoying.
" The police of the villages is administered by the liberated)
Africans, each settlement being allowed from eight to ten specie
constables and two coastabks paid by the government. The ma-
nagers and gentlemen attached to the Church Missionary Society
perform the duties of rnagistate, commissioner of the court for
the recovery of small debts, and coroner, and one day in the
week is set apart for hearing of cases of a trifling nature ; those
of serious consequence are investigated immediately on their coming
to the knowledge of the individuals authorized to take cognizance
of them.

" The liberated Africans have given evident proof of their offer.-
tan for the laws as they are administered, by the interest they show
in implicitly obeying them ; and when it has been found requiiiite
to adopt local regulations particularly affecting them, they hate
cheerfully conformed to them. By an act for keeping in repair the
roads and bridges, every adult male in the colony is bound to give
six days labour gratuitously, and the provisions of the said act are
enforced about the latter end of November, when the liberated Af-
ricans come forward, leaving probably their daily work, at the risk
of incurring their employer's displeasure, to give the assistance,
which they are called upon for.
" The numerous factories established by the merchants up this
and the adjacent rivers, for the purchase of the teak timber cut by
the natives, and partly worked by the liberated Africans apprenticed
to those persons ; and so very useful are they found in rafting and
cutting the timber, and sawing boards and scantling, that many of
them are receiving from tout to Bye dollars per month with food and
clothing. At the expiration of the period of their apprentioeship
(three years) they are delivered over to the department, and laded,

without any expense to Government, in the villages; but many
prefer remaining at the factories to laboar for wages.
" In the larger villages, where the liberated Atiicat;s haw* the
advantage of a resident clergyman. the beneficial it;ftnence of the
Christian religion has been eminently t:isplayed, and by ti.e exertion
and assiduity of the Church Mission:it ies, nsunbers of unfortunate
beings, labouring tinder the grossest ignorance and barbarism when
landed in this colony, have been converted to Christianity. and are
now rendered comfortable and happy in the circumstances in which
they arc pluced.
" The schools for the admission of children burn in the ccdony
are still progressively improving, and the parents evince all anxious
desire to avail thenauhea of the opportunity afforded of obtaining
useful instrunion fur their children. The number of free scholars
admitted in the villages arc as follows :—At B:ithurst, 132; liast-
ings, 48 ; Regent. 1113 ; Gloucester, ltd. Total 303.

" By a late arrangement entered into with the clergymen of the
Church Missionary Society in this colony, they have extended their
aupetintendance to the orphan liberated African children at school.
at Regent, Bathurst, and }castings, and will likewise do so, as soon
as they have it in their power, to the other villages."
The last of the papers relating to the liberated African depart-
ment is the correspondence between Major Ricketts and the Church
Missionaries, which led to the transfer of the schools at Regent, Ba-
thurst, anti Hastings, to the latter.
The next papers are those which relate to the " Black Troops."
The correspondence begins with a despatch from Earl Bathurst to
the late Major-General Turner, dated the 21st of January, 1828. It
stator, that considering the casualties which had occurred during
the preceding year among the troops stationed on the Western coast
of Africa, it had been deemed expedient that the Royal African
Corps should in future be recruited with blacks. The next letter is
from Sir George Murray to the late Lieutenant-Governor Lumley,
dated tie 2811 s of August, 1828. reminding him of its being in con.
templatian to reduce the establishment of the Royal African Corps,
and desiring him to suggest the means which he might deem best
enlculated for embodying a militia force for the defence of the co.
Troy. Majat Ricketts, the Governor, who succeeded Lieutenant
Lumley, acknowledges the receipt of Sir George Murray's letter,
and states, that if one company of the Royal African Corps, com-
posed of picked men, were left in the colony, that force, with the
taAitia which could be readily formed from the discharged soldiers
of the West India Regiment, would be sufficient to maintain tran-
quillity. Ile suggests, however, that one hundred of the dis-
charged soldiers at Freetown might be formed into an Artillery
Company of Al Sir George Murray, in a despatch, dated the
21st of January, 1829, states that the expense of clothing and pay.
ing the local militia must be borne entirely by the colony; that his
Majesty's Government wonld prefer that such militia should be
rt‘ised chiefly front the inhabitants of Freetown, and that the Mkt-
Ibitants of the agricultural districts should be left as much as possible
to the pursuit of their ordinary occupations. In this despatch is
enclosed a copy of a letter, addressed by the Under Secretary of
State to the Deputy Secretary at War, expressing the opinion of
Sir George Murray, that measures should be taken for further
gradually reducing the Royal Aftican Corps, during the year 1829,
to two companies—one to be stationed in Sierra Leone, and the
other in the Gambia. Major Ricketts, in his next letter to Sir
George Murray, states that the merchants and other respectable re.
sidents arc disposed to meet the wishes of his Majesty's Govern.
ment, in forming a militia force in the colony, by accepting ap-
poinnnents as officers, and submits, in a list enclosed, the names of
the gentlemen to he appointed to commissions. The next and last
despatch from Secretary Sir George Murray on this subject, relates
to the framing of a law for regulating the application of the princi-
ples upon which the militia should be established.

l'nder the head of "Gold Coast," a variety of despatches are
given, commencing with one from hlajor.General Turner to Earl
Bathurst, dated the 24th of March, 1825, in which doubts arc ex-
pressed as to the expediency of keeping up the establishment on
the Gold Coast. After observing that, under the wisest system of
management, it would have been found difficult so to conduct t
affairs of this intricate establishment as to make it a source either
of public satisfaction or profit, and adverting to the difficulties into
wh:ch the Government had been drawn, Major-General Turner
says :—`6 I would recommend to your Lordship, under any circum-
stances, to abandon the forts of Dixcove and Annamboe, thus con-
centrating the troops at Cape Coast and Accra : but I beg not to be
understood as recommending the continuance of troops at any of
the forts on the Gold Coast, because there are not, and there never
can be, for want of harbours and many other causes, any adequate
national recompense for the sacrifice, either as regards commerce,
Icivilization, or religious instruction." In another despatch of the
9th of April, 1825, he observes, with respect to the commercial
concerns and the military protection of the Gold Coast, that nei-1
they the one nor the other arc in a condition, or likely, under'
the present policy, to be in a condition, to give satisfaction to
those concerned in them, or to yield advantage to England ;
and expresses his belief that the keeping up of these settle-
ments will be to the Government a source of dissatisfaction,
expense, and waste of public property. The above commu-
nications are noticed by Earl Bathutat, in a dispatch, dated
the sth of July, 1825, in which it is stated that his 31ajesty's
Government had not deemed it expedient to abandon the coast alto.
gether, bat had determined to reduce the number of points of which
Imilitary possession should he retained in that quarter, to the two
most important—viz. Cape Corot Castle and the fort of Accra.--
Major. General Turner is then desired to withdraw from the minor
posts along the coast, the garrison, ordnance, an] ordnance stores,
and concentrate them in the two tots above-mentioned, and make a
correspondent reduction in the civil establishment belonging to the
Gold Coast. Earl Bathurst, in another despatch, dated the 22d of
October, 1825, authorizes 31ajor-General to remove a portion of the
civil establishment to the Gambia, together with such ordnance and
other stores as could be conveniently spared from the forts. Two
other despatches from Earl Bathurst, addressed to the successor of
Niajor-General Turner, Sir Neil Campbell, dated the 20th of June,
and the 17th of July, 1826, contain instructions as to maintaining
the Gold Coast settlements against the Ashantees. In the first,
the Governor is directed to concentrate his force at Cape Coast
Castle, and abandon such of the other forts as might appear
inexpedient or impracticable to maintain against the enemy.—
In the second despatch he is authorized, if he should find the situa-
of Accra superior to Cape Coast Castle in point of healthiness, &c.
to select that as the post to be retained. The subsequent despatches
wire to the abandonment of the establishments on the Gold Coast.
'rite Governor, Sir Neil Campbell, is informed in a despatch from
Earl Bathurst, dated the 21st of March, 1827, that it is the inter.
tion of His Majesty's Government that the forts should be evacuated
at the expiration of that year; and he is desired to take the neces-
sary measures for withdrawing the public establishments from the
forts. He Is desired also to inform the British merchants, that If,
in the event of their wishing to remain on the coast, they should
think it expedient to embody themselves and their labourers into an
armed militia, it was proposed that the first year a sum, not ex-
ceeding 2,0001. by way of outfit and pay, 1,5001. for the second
year, and 1,0001. afterwards, would be assigned to them for the sup-
port of such militia; but that no other aid would be afforded them
by Government for the purpose of protecting the forts against ag.
gression. In another despatch from Earl Bathurst, of the same
-late, the Governor is authorised to delay the evacuation beyond the
end of the year. in the event of its being deemed accessory by the
merchants for completing their arrangements. We find no commu-
nication from the Governor on the subject of the above despatches
during the year 1827. There are two despatches from Mr. Secretary
Huskisson, dated the 25th of October, and the 10th of December,
1827, and one from Sir George Murray to Lieutenant-Govern, r
Denham, dated the 4th cf June, 1828, urging that final arrrange-
ments should be made for the evacuation of the forts by the end of
that year. In two despatches from Major Ricketts of the subsequent
date (25th ofJune and 23d of Aug. 1828,) the Colonial Secretasy
is informed that the forts of Cape Coast Castle and Accra have been
transferred to their resident British merchants. The last of the pa..
pen upon this subject is a copy of a despatch from Secretary Sir
George Murray to the officer administering the government at Sierra
Leone, dated the 20th No. 1828, adverting to the communications
had with several ef the merchants in London engaged in trade with
the Gold Coast, respecting the terms on which his Majesty's Govern-
ment would lend their assistance in enabling the merchants to main-
tain possession of the forts, and transmitting copies of the two letters
addressed to Messrs. Barnes, Cock, and Brown, and to Mean.
Barnes, Brown, and Forster, explanatory of the anazigentents and
conditions under which the forts of Cape Coast Castle and Accra are
still to he eonsulend as dependencies at Sierra Lame, and main.
seined at the public charge, although governed by the merchants
resident upon the spot in the character of justices of the peace. In
Sir George Mervers despatch, the Governor is desired to provide
for the municipal regulations of the forts, and to calltAtete. ,c4rtaia,
persons, who are named, to be loader! of the peace; and na 111 ano

desired to take measures eo• passing an act for enabli.ig t!te Justices
to exercise the neee..ary powers for the suppression and purislini•nt
of offences against the laws cognizable by them.
The next set of papers air the queries addressed to Dr. Ila-ry,
Bell, and others, by the Commissioners of Inquiry, pit. tie
replies of these n•edical officers, containing the opinion,. resulting
from their observaiions upon Sierra Leone, and its dependencies in
the Gambia, and on the Gold Coast. and of its effect upon the
different descriptions of persons forming the population of irie
Clements. These papers occupy 27 pages. We collect from tit,.
different opinions given, that there is some degree of variety of cli-
mate, and alight diversity of disease at each of the three e.tahli.i -
ments, Sierra Leone, the Gambia, and the Gold Coast but, as I Ir.
Barry observes, they appear each alike destructive to exotic consti.
tutions. "No cultivation, (he adds.) no sanatory regulation, I
feel convinced, will ever render these colonies congenial to Euripean
constitutions, particularly to the common soldier, whose irregular
habits are too strongly confirmed ever to hit eradicated, and the ge-
nerality of men of that description who eseltpe the first season, sill
drag on a miserable useless existence, exhibiting, in their disiased
and broken constitutions, the most appalling spectacles of taiied
manhood."
=We have not room for further extracts front the papers tinder ti is

The next paper is a return, showing the number of deaths ani.)ng
the troops stationed at the different settlements upon the %est coast
of Africa, from 1810 to 1825. The total number is stated to be
2.255, which includes 1,912 Europeans, and 254 Atriums.
The last paper is a return, showing the number of deaths in
His ISlnjesty's fleet on the western coast of Africa, from the ycrr
1816 to 1828, inclusive. The total number is 254 ;of which 75 Ap.
stated to be deaths by accident, 18 supposed to he murdered, aid 6
deaths in ac:i.m.