The Sun.
London, England, 1829-08-20 00:00:00

EAST INDIA INTELLIGENCE.

We have received Madras Papers to the 29th
of March, bringing intelligence from Calcutta to
the 15th of the same month. The principal sub-
ject of interest to which they refer relates to the
tour of the Governor-General, and the future
modifications in the Constitution of the local
Government, which some recent circumstances,
connected with his Lordship's journey, seem
strongly to indicate. The following remarks on
that subject occur in the Madras Gazette:—
" The return of the Governor-General from the
eastward is calculated upon in all April. He pro-
ceeds, in the first instance, to Penang, and from
thence to Malacca and Singapore. We have already
hinted at the probable object of this visit, but as we
are not iu the secret of impending events, we can
only draw inferences from them as they are developed
or unfold themselves ; and assume as a consequence,
such and such occurrences. That the present period
is pregnant with the most important incidents as re-
gards the destiny of British India, must be evident
to all who are in the habit of observing, even casually,
the events of the day. In former times, the rulers
of the land seldom moved from their seat of govern-
ment, whereas, in the present day, they are more
abroad than at home, and feel that it is equally their
duty to be personally acquainted with the administra-
tion of the interior, as with those provinces more
immediately situated near the seat of Government."

The Bengal Chronicle, referring to the same
subject, says—
" A contemporary paper states, that on the re-
turn of the Right Hon. the Governor-General, the
Government will be removed from the Presidency
to the Upper Provinces. We believe the fact to be
this--that his Lordship considers that wherever he
may be, there ought to be the Government; and
that in his projected tour to the Upper Provinces,
the Governor-General will require the members of
council and secretaries to accompany him, in order
to constitute the Government, and to conduct its
business; and whoever may be left in immediate
authority over us, will not have, we believe, any dis-
cretionary power in any matter of importance, but
have to refer his proposed measures to head-quarters,
unless in some very emergent case. All these
changes sufficiently indicate that a very material
alteration in the Constitution of the Government of
this country is contemplated on the expiration of the
charter."

A recent instance has been given by the Go-
vernor-General of the liberal principles on which
his administration is to be conducted, by the
resolutions announced in the following letter, ad-
dressed to several firms of Calcutta, in answer to
their representations on the subject :

" Gentlemen,—l am directed by the Governor-
General in Council to acknowledge the receipt of your
letter of the 28th ult., and to inform you that his Lord-
ship in Council has resolved that the resolution of the
7th of May, 1824, shall no longer be confined to

!ouncilConsiders it to be advisable to postpone any
measure of that nature until the exigencies of the
case shall be practically developed. In the mean
time, the above resolution will sufficiently define the
conditions on which the required permission is to be
granted.
" I am, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,
(Signed) " HOLT MACKENZIE,
" Sec. to the Government.
" Council Chamber, Feb. 17, 1829."

The Madras Gazette congratulates the East
[udia residents on the removal of the restrictions
announced in the Secretary's letter, in the fol-
lowing words :
" It is with feelings of the most sincere pleasure,

that we call the attention of our readers to a com-
munication of the Secretary to the Supreme Go-
vernment to the several mercantile houses in Cal-
cutta, conveying to them the gratifying intelligence
that Europeans are no longer restricted in the occu-
pation of lands, to the cultivation of one article of
merchandise, but that the indulgence is extended to
the cultivation of indigo and other agricultural
purposes;' hence our observations upon that system
of liberal policy which we predicted would distin-
guish the Bentinck administration of the government
of India, have been verified. This is, however, but

the beginning of good things—it is but the intro-
duction to a more extensive field for the application
of capital, talent, and industry. It has created an
opening for the employment of many who were lack-
ing the means of subsistence, and it will lead to a
more frequent, direct, and expeditious communica-

tion with Great Britain than luts hitherto been ac-
complished; while at the same time it will establish
such a connexion between the mercantile establish-
ments of the two countries, that their interests will
become inseparable; and an injury to one will be an
injury to both, and be dealt with accordingly."
The ship Perseverance, Captain Brown, out-
ward bound, from Liverpool to Calcutta direct,
struck on Narsapoor Point during the night of
28th of February. The timely arrival of the brig
Coringa Seetarama, Captain Lester, which hove
in sight the morning after the accident, and ob-
serving the distressed situation of the Posever-
ance, ran down, upon her, prevented the more
melancholy catastrophe of such an accident : she
succeeded in saving the crew and part of the
cargo, which we understand was very valuable.
e Perseverance, we are informed, is a com-
plete wreck.
A Court for the relief of Insolvent Debtors
was opened in Calcutta before the three Judges,
on the 2d of March ; at which the act constitut-
ing the Court, as also the rules of court and
table of fees fixed on, were read ; and Archibald
Dobbs and John Franks, Esqrs., were appointed,
the former examiner, and the latter sealer of the
said court. Petitions were to be received on the
Wednesday following, until when the court was
adjourned.

FRENCH MINISTRY.

(From the Journal des Debats of Saturday.)

PARIS, AUG. 16.—Extremum superest opus
(Lucan).—Generally the Ministers are not dis-
placed or placed, except by the Chambers or an
Election. Thus the Ministry of the Duke de
. „... .

Richelieu fell before a vote of the Chamber of
Deputies, and this vote brought M. de Villele
into power. Thus also, at a later period,
M. de Villele felt the consequence of the votes
at the election of 1827, and this elevated
M. de Martignac into power. The new Mi-
nistry has, in this respect, a destiny of its own,
it is neither a vote of the Chamber, nor the
votes at an Election, which have displaced its
predecessors and elevated it to power. From its
origin it lies beyond the rules and usages of a
Representative Government. 'I he manner of
its birth indicates in what manner it will live.—
Whence came it ? Where is its source of
power ?
Here I am in a critical situation ; for I wish
not to insult, and I must speak the truth.
France received the Restoration with enthu-
siasm. This is so true, that the orator who
! wished to say that France had received Royalty
with repugnance, lost almost by these words his
claim to public gratitude, and died believing that
his countrymen were ungrateful, when they were
only just.
But it is also true that in securing the Resto-
ration, France did not cast aside all its dearest
recollections, all the afflictions that had become
sacred, and all the natural antipathies connected
with those recollections and afflictions.

Thus, there is not a single family in France
of the middle classes without some recollections
of 1789. Our fathers delighted in recounting
the joy they felt when the Bastile was taken, and
the still purer joy which was excited by the Fe-
deration. Whoever looked with an angry eye
on the dawn of the Revolution—whoever cursed
the hours which came on so rapidly and so beau-
tifully of its morning—whoever did not allow
himself at first to be seduced, as the Duke de
Montmorency said of himself, repented it after-
wards. France ought to esteem, but could not
love him. If there are amongst our great Nobles
some family of the kind—it it have returned to
the country which it abandoned too soon—if it
have recovered the estates which could be res-
tored without violating justice—if it has titles
and honours—if it enjoy the remembrances of
the goodness of a Queen, whose courage ren-
dered her holy and sacred in the eyes of France,
and whom it was so much the less proper to for-
sake, as she ordered that out of excessive friend-
ship—to all these things we have nothing to say,
but if the chief of this family is appointed to re-
present France in foreign countries, we have a
right to complain. If on several occasions he
crosses the Channel to seize the Ministry, and
that even in the time of M. de Villele, as if M.
de Villele was not zealous enough, our com-
plaints become alarming. If at length, after
several such appearances, as if he would accus-
tom us, by the fear of it, to the evil itself, the
chief of this family, mistrusted still more on ac-
count of the friendship of the Duke of Welling-
t ogtroe afte
ar, mustw h be
when
our i ,
afflictionis called t o power,
?irostehre,
rteh
noten
roomhow
we see the destiny of France, as it was created in
1789, delivered into the hands of the counter-

it is in vain that M. de Polignac has made a
public profession of attachment to the charter.
This resembles the old Test Oath in England,
which persons must take to fill a public employ-
ment, but which was of no force except for those
who refused it. I do not doubt M. de Polig-
nac's sincerity ; but can he believe that a few
words can compensate, in the eyes of the peo-
ple, for the actions of a whole life ? Has his
name grown into popular favour since that time ?
A year ago he made this profession ; have man
persons since then adhered to his Ministry?
No ; and now the country is agitated and un-
easy. Every person asks when will these blows
of the counter-revolution be at an end—this is
at length the last ? Be it so, though it be the
most violent of ally.
M. de Polignac in the Ministry represents
the ideas of the first emigration, the ideas of
Coblentz. Do his colleagues represent any thing
of less antipathy to the sentiments of France
We wish it ; but what must we think when the
means have been found to disfigure in some sort
even the recollections of La Vendee ?

There is in the Ministry a person who recalls
La Vendee ; but it is M. de Bourmont ; and
even La Vendee did not first establish his repu-
tation, but the Chouannerie. His subsequent
fame is indelible, for it belongs to our recollec-
tions of Waterloo. Who does not admit the
misfortune of such a choice ? There is, in the
history of the counter-revolution in France—a
history made up almost of intrigues aml conspi-
racies—one brilliant and glorious scene, La Ven-
dee. There is not a man, particularly if he be
young, who does not love La Vendee with its
brave peasants ; its battles at the corner of every
hedge ; its Generals elected on the field of bat-
tle; the generous death of its Bouchamps, and
the splendour of its Larochejacquelin. Is there
a man of La Vendee called to the Counter-Re-
volution Ministry ? Were it a mere soldier, the
public would be astonished,. but would not com-
plain. Cathelineau was only a peasant. But
we take a man from that Cliouannerie, from that
war of highways, the victories of which are over
mail-coaches ; that war which was never either
popular or creditable. This is the first filly of
this choice. There is another in the same man ;
for in the new Ministry each member of it is big
with unpopularity, and each name is a mark for
public dislike.
Waterloo ! I do not ask the Restoration to
lament that day ; but it cannot ask France to
rejoice for it—too much of our blood was then
shed, and too much of our glory then perished.
There is not a French officer who does not shed
tears at recollecting that day ; but there is one
man, they say, who ought on recollecting that
day to blush►. You are deceived, gentlemen.
M. de Bourmont was only faithless from fide-
lity ; he remembered beyond the oaths he had
just taken to Bonaparte the oaths he had taken
to Louis XVIII. On the eve of a battle a sol-
dier should only remember his oath to fight.
Eight days ago history only could ask M. de
Bourmont about his loyal treason ; now if he be
exposed on the pillory, if the Ministry of France
collect around him, whose is the fault ? If
children ask what he has done, and parents an-
swer he lost the battle of Waterloo, whose is the

fault ? If from every field of battle in Europe,
where our grand army left some of its members
—if from Belgium, where it left even its stumps
—if from the place where Ney was shot there
arise angry cries, which pierce our very hearts—
if the column of the Grand Army seems to
tremble with all its battalions of brass, as if it
had received an affront, whose is the fault ? No ;
the Ministry of the Counter Revolution wants
nothing until Wateiloo is represented.
Let M. de Bourmont not accuse our words of
violence ;we do not judge his conscience. He
assisted at the disasters of Waterloo. What be
did, he, no doubt, thoughtb right. But how is
it that he does not feel that since that day he has
been branded as it were with a species of fata-
lity ? Does he not feel that there is between him
and France all the blood which he assisted in
shedding at Waterloo ? If a man by justice, by
virtue, even had assisted at the death of my

family—if I could impute to him the loss of' my
friends—no human power could oblige me to
give my hand to such a man. People or soldiers,
we are in France all brothers and sons of the
glorious dead of Waterloo, and we cannot give
our hand to M. de Bourmont.
What shall I.say of M. de la Bourdonnaye ?
Of all the Ministers his unpopularity is of the
latest date. Against him there are only four-
teen years of public dislike ; but never was dis-
like mingled with greater terror. A few words
were lutuctent to make his name famous, and in
the.ilmeasy mind of' the public equally many
actkons. The manner in which he speaks, al-
ways harsh and inflexible, has persuaded France
that, as Minister, he would push every thing to
extremes. M. de la Bourdonnaye is a partizan
and a logician—a double reason for dread. He
is, whatever honour he may possess for the Con-
vention, of the school of those terrible logicians
who boldly developed the Revolution. If he
does as Minister what he has said as Speaker,
he will develope the counter-revolution. M. de
la Bourdonnaye represents in the Ministry the
faction of 1815, with its murderous amnesties,
its laws of proscription, and its dependent mas-
sacres in the South.
• Coblentz—Waterloo-1815—are the three
principles, the three persona of the Ministry.
Turn them whatever way you please, they terrify
and affront us. There is not an aspect which is
not evil—not a side which is not threatening.
Our hatred of thirty years ago—our afflictions
and our distresses fifteen years ago, are all there
—all have assembled to insult and irritate
France. Press and turn the Ministry as you
will, it displeases us with humiliation, evil, and
dangers.
The Ministry, however, is astonished at the
public affliction. It says the public is unjust,
that it does not know what the Ministry will be.
What it will be ? Why, what can it be but
what it has been ? What else can it be ?—Do
It is
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tor
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t)01,
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traoml:
lives have tried and sentenced you—your diiviny
must be accomplished.

TliE HARVEST.

In passing through the country, it is iinpos-
sible not to observe that the state of the crops
generally has been much misrepresented. LI
some accounts it is said that the crop will not
amount to an average crop. In others, that it
is considerably below two-thirds of a crop, and
some make out that it will not amount to half a
crop. But the questions which arise are, on
what average are these calculations formed ?
What crop is referred to ? And who is it that
furnishes these estimates? Do they come from
the mealman, who is interested in procuring a
rise in price, or do they come from the general
mass of farmers ? If from the latter, behold
the intelligence they display in the witness box,
or in the jury box, of the different assizes now
holding, and let those who have witnessed theh
performances in those situations, say whether
they can place any reliance on their making a
calculation which must be founded on the quan-
tity of acres in cultivation in Great Britain.
The fact is, the opinions of one or two men in
a market are generally sufficient to lead the sen-
timents of their neighbours, who find it much
easier to snort an opinion which they can state
on the :luthority of :Mr. So-and-so, the king of
the parish, than to find any reasons for setting
tip one of their own ; and there is always a dis-
position to be discreet enough not to call out
" Roast meat." It happens unfortunately for
the " croakers," that the same land is now
in cultivation which yielded a livelihood and a
profit to our ancestors. The plodders of former
days contrived to live in plenty and happiness on
the soil which now yields so much discontent,
and yet every now and then at the meetings of
agricultural associations we hear of the vast im-
provements in that science ; but where do they
end ? Is it in bad crops ? No, certainly not.
The evil is in endeavouring to raise our means
to our wants, and not reducing our wants to our
means. The same complaints have been made
for the last twenty years respecting the crops,
and, let Heaven be ever so bountiful, will al-
ways be made by those who now complain. The
seasons cannot provide a good crop for the slo-
venly farmer, sufficient for the avaricious one, or
enough for the gentleman farmer, who would like
to pay all his expences (not forgetting a few
sporting appendages) out of his wheat crop.
Nor can it produce such a crop as will yield the
three rents a farmer should have to pay him, if
one of those three (the landlord's rent) is still
in proportion to a war price, and the mealman's
profit to whom he sells is to be deducted from
the price the public would pay him without tha
intermediate agent. The harvest has now corn
menced generally, and on land in good cultiva.
Lion the wheat and barley is nearly as thick as
can stand. Fine weather for another week wi

be sufficient to secure large quantities of corn li
Shropshire and Herefordshire ; and if the earl 3
bay crop was unproductive from the coldness o:

spring, and the later crop spoilt by the showery
weather, the luxuriant after-grass every where,
and the abundant crops of turnips, will amply
compensate for those deficiencies.