The Sun.
London, England, 1829-09-14 00:00:00

(BY EXPRESS.)

CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 17.—The whole city is
in the utmost consternation at the rapid advance of
the Russian army, and the Porte is all at once ready
to make peace on any terms. The commissioners
are already appointed who are to go to the Russian
head-quarters, to learn what conditions the Emperor
of Russia now demands, for none of the foreign
diplomatic agents here is acquainted with his inten-
tions, not even Baron Muffling, who was said to
have come expressly to let the Porte know on what
terms the suspension of hostilities might be obtain-
ed. General Diebitsch is approaching Adr'anople,
whence he threatens to march against Constantinople.
General Paskewitsch is said to have left Eizeroutn,
and to have divided his army into two corps, one of
which is proceeding against Trebisond, and the other
against Jokat, that is, on the road to Scutari. This
measure has entirely discouraged the Sultan, who,
according to accounts that deserve credit, has keen
ill for these three days, and plunged in deep me-
lancholy.
BUCUAREST, AUG. 20.—A report has been in
circulation since yesterday, that Turkish commis-
sioners have come from Shumla to General Krass-
owsky, to propose an armistice, but that General
refusing to listen to them, they asked a safe conduct
to the head-quarters of General Diebitsch to nego-
tiate a general armistice. It is added, that they had
failed in their application to the General-in-Chief,
because the first condition he proposed was, that
Shumla should be evacuated and given up to the
Russians. This news, however, rests on the credit
of private communications, and requires confirmation.
All the Turks, however, wish for peace, for their
affairs are in a bad state. It is not improbable that
Shumla may soon fall. The Grand Vizier himself
is said to be in despair.
. The garrison of Nicopolis has ventured to make
an excursion to the left bank of the Danube, but has
paid dearly for it ; for the Russian commander before
Giurdzevo, learning that Turkish cavalry had ap-
peared near Tournoul, sent a detachment of heavy
meetly to drive them from the left bank, which was
done without much trouble. Many of the Tullis
were killed, and several hundred taken prisoners.
It is even affirmed, that not a man returned to Nico-
polis to announce the misfortune. The Wallachians
are more and more pleased with the new schools, in
which the system of mutual instruction is chiefly
followed. The poorer classes are eager to let their
children enjoy the benefits of education, and the pro-
gress of the young people, in a country which till now
had hardly any public schools, is equally surprising
and satisfactory.
MUNIen, SEPT. 4.—lt was the same Ft ench courier
that left Constantinople on the 17th of August that
brought to the Russian Legation at Vienna and
Munich, the letter of General Diebitsch of the 21st
August, officially announcing the taking of Adria-
nople. This courier must have passed through the
Russian head-quarters, where the despatch to M.
de Tatischeff was given him. The French Go-
vernment must, therefore, be very soon informed of
this great event : it will be worth while to remark
whether it will hasten to publish it.
,IlEams, SEPT. G.—The Journal of St. Peters-
burgh contains an account from the army in Asia to
the 306. July.
The Commander-in-Chief reports that the enemy's
troops did not make any more attempts against us,
on the contrary, their small detachments, dispersed
io all directions, and without connexion with each
other, carefully avoided our troops, and only
plunder and lay waste the villages of the peaceable
inhabitants, without difference of religion.
The dangers to which the provinces in this neigh-
bourhood are exposed from their own soldiers, and
still more the mildness and justice with which the
provinces end towns of Turkish Asia that have sub-
mitted to us have been treated, continually lead the
elders and landowners to come and make their sub-
mission, and request Russian protection. On the
29th of June, all the Sandjaks of the Pachalik of
Erzeroum, except the two most distant ones, had
submitted to us and were in our power ; the Christian
inhabitants who were carried away by the Turks,
anti the Malsometans who had fled at the sight of
our troops, were returning from all quarters to
their homes. Our soldiers find the most friendly
reception among them and abundance of provisions,
and enjoy with them all the advantages of trade
and industry, which have every where resumed
fl,eir usual activity.
General Count Paskewitsch has also sent to his
Majes.y a detailed report of the attack made by the
ilactm of Van on the fortress of Bajazet, which was
repulsed by our brave troops under Major-General
Popoff.
ODESSA, AUG. 22.---The sanatory slate of the
town Ims been as satisfactory in the last half of this
week as the first. No case of disease has occurred
calculated to cause alarm. At Kujulrick a child
died of the piague, and two persons have been
taken ill with it, At Ussatowy two persons have
fallen sick: there have been no deat'esss—i? etssian
Ptak Gazette, Sept. 7.
BRUSSELS, SEPT. 11.—A letter from Odessa of
the 21st of August says, " that Admiral Greig,
after the taking of Vassilico and Actsteboli (Aga-
thopotia), wies going to attack Inada (Aireida), 23
leagues from Constantinople, in order to make him,
self master of that port."
The law relative to public instruction is in pro-
gress, hut very slowly : we hear that it will be com-
pleted by the end of this month. There are vague
accounts of some liberal principles which it will
contain, but eeonected with others which will 149 P
tralize their effect. It is to be feared that the law
will not offer a consistent whole, and that like many
other measures proceeding from the Government, it
will not satisfy any body.
A British Cabinet 'Messenger from London has
passed through here with despatches for Frankfort.
Immense damage has been done by inundations
in the environs of Loo, Rheninghe, Woumen, and
Fut-mete—Brussels Papers, Sept. 12.
PERA, AUG. IG.—The Turkish Commissioners
have at length received orders to repair to the Rus-
sian head-quarters, and the city appears more tran-
quil. Many difficulties, however, must be removed
before peace can be made, and it is inconceivable
that the Porte can expect its proposals to be accept-
ed. They are said to be the evacuation of the
Turkish territory and all the fortresses by the Rus-
sians, and the integrity of the empire, with the ex-
ception of the Myren and Cyclades, which it will re-

0-4-4*m

LONDON,
MONDAY gVENING, SEPTEMBER 14, 1829.

We have received frcon 4 correspondent at
Dover, the important intelligence of the passage of
the Dardanelles having been taken possession of
by the British quadron.

The latest Express from Paris gives an
interesting account of the entry of the Rus-
sian Army into Adrianople. It was received in
the most friendly manner by the Turks, whom
the Russians were surprised to find more civi_
lized than they had expected. Twenty-eight

thousand men entered the cite, but only 5,000
remain, the rest have been sent forward to Con-
stantinople. The total amount of the army is
56,000 men. The Constitutionnel says that
General DIEBITSCH has received positive orders
to prosecute his operations as far as Constanti-
nople, without allowing himself to be stopped by
any considerations.

The French Papers are chiefly filled with spe-
culations regarding the state of affairs in the
East. The Journaltdes Debats has a spirited
article on the subject, in the course of which,
alluding to the SULTAN'S present apparent inac-
tivity or timidity, it sarcastically observes—" His
predecessors were buried under the ruins of the
empire, but MAIIMOUD, who has within the
last four years changed so many things in Tur-
key, has, perhaps, also regenerated the courage
of the Sultans."

The German Papers give the most distress-
ing, though by no means unexpected, accounts
of the state and prospects of Turkey. The
Russian army is in full march for Constanti-
nople, flushed with conquest, and the splendid
subject which engrossed for so many years the
attention of that Semiramis of the North—the
Russian CATHERINE, is at length, it seems,
on the eve of being realized. When the troops
of the CZAR halt without the gates of Constan-
tinople, then will the old Russian prediction be
fulfilled. But this is a step not yet to be de-
cided on, for Commissioners from the PORTE
are already on their way to the camp of General
DIEBITSCH, to treat for peace on the best pos-
sible terms. " The whole city," says an Ex-
press from Constantinople, " is in the utmost
consternation at the rapid advance of the Rus-
sians, and the PORTE is all at once ready to make
peace on any terms. The Commissioners are
already appointed who are to go the Russian
head-quarters, to learn what conditions the
Emperor of RUSSIA now demands, for none
of the Foreign Diplomatic Agents here is ac-
quainted with his intentions, not even Baron
MUFFLING, who Ras said to have come
expressly to let the PORTE know on what
terms the suspension of hostilities might be ob-
tained. General DIEBITSCH is approaching
Adrianople, whence he threatens to march against
Constantinople. General PASK Ewer sc ir is
said to have left Erzeroum, and to have divided
his army into two corps, one of which is pro-
ceeding against Trebisond, and the other against
Jokat, that is, on the road to Scutari. This
measure has entirely discouraged the SULTAN,
who, according to accounts that deserve credit,
has been ill for three days, and plunged in deep
melancholy." A letter from Odessa, of the 21st
of August, states that Admiral GREW, after
the taking of Vassilico and Achteboli (Agatho-
polis), was going to attack Inada (Ainada) 23
leagues from Constantinople.

The Allgenzeine Zeitung, received this morn-
ing, speaks in warm terms of the success of the
Russians, and the hapless condition of Sultan
MA lINIOUD and his Government. The article,
which is elaborately written, leans to the side of
the Russians, and argues about the impolicy,
not to say the injustice, of England's attempting
to thwart their career of victory :

FROM THE DANUBE, SEPT. 3.

The Russians are in possession of Erzeroum and
Adrianople, and no Turkish army is to be disco-
vered capable of disputing the advance of the con-
querors. Thus the incurable weakness of the Otto-
man empire is placed beyond a doubt. Its help-
less condition has been long no secret ; the unani-
mous testimony of all travellers had announced for
years the inevitable fall of the Sublime Porte. hi
addition to this the long struggle with the weak and
disunited Greeks proved indisputably the impo-
tency of their tyrants. But politicians would not
acknowledge what was manifest, because they found
it inconvenient to accommodate themselves to the
new order of things, and to create a new order when
the old one had perished. They accordingly pre-
ferred deceiving themselves by vain hopes. It was
hoped to make the Greeks incapable of longer re-
sisting the Turks by keeping up their internal dis-
union. Sultan Mahmoud, who preyed on his own
vitals, and with dreadful barbarity massacred Chris.
tians and Janissarie, was repudiated as a great re-
former," whose Government," as Sir R. Gordon says,
" was characterised in so distinguished a manner by
the conquest of difficulties and wise administration."
But the warlike spirit which inspired the great man
in the murder of his defenceless subjects, with the
aid of all the natural and artificial obstacles opposed
to the Russians, has not been able to hinder them
from penetrating into the heart of his empire, and
threatening his capital. The conqueror of diffi-
culties, the wise Governor, knows not how to ad-
vise or help himself, and the help of his friends
proves to be insufficient. In vain have they endea-
voured to detain the enemy by accounts of his de •
feats—in vain have they annihilated him by plague
and famine—in vain represented his numbers as in-
considerable, his skill as small, and the Balkan as
an insuperable barrier.

This enemy subdued by famine and pestilence,
and frightened at mountain passes, this little band.
of adventurers is now within a few marches of Con-
stantinople, and finds no army that needs to be
conquered. This is the naked truth of the se-
rious fact which has suddenly put an end
to delusions. Some friends of the Turks still
comfort themselves with the deliverance which is
suddenly to come with the speed of the telegraph
from England, " the old friend." But the organs of
public opinion in England already acknowledge that
it would be foolish to hope that the Christian
Powers will unite to restore a fallen Mussulman
Empire; and the Duke of Wellington finds that the
old friend in Constantinople has drawn the misfor-
tune on himself by his own obstinacy. The boasts
of the times, which would annihilate the Russian
navy with some ships in the Baltic and the Euxine,
have rpet with the fate of other boasts, and the
world sees that too much importance was attached to
them. It is not forgotten that on the 20th of Feb.
1807, the English fleet, under Admirals Duckworth,
Louis, and Sidney Smith, indeed passed happily
through the Dardanelles, but was obliged to return
a few days later with considerable loss, and without
accomplishing its object, and without having met
any enemies but Turks, and the bold eloquence of
the French Ambassador General Sebastiani. We
remember also the tostallfailuredosfttrhoy theeatte to,usi.
ithemepstolf
English fleet in 10 to destroy

mats at Cronstadt, on which occasion' seve-
ral of its ships suffered severely. Only such
expeditions as those to Copenhagen, Washington,
Parga, and Terceira, seem to be the classic field of
English policy and warfare. The Russians might,
therefore, have good reason to be easy in case of
threats. Happily these are not to be expected.—
England will not go to war against the fate, against
the sound sense of public opinion, and against the
sacredness of treaties to attack an ally whose rights
it has solemnly acknowledged.
If such an attack on public morals, and the law of
nations, might have been possible a few months ago,
the state of things is now materially changed.—
Europe will thus be indebted to the decisive, per-
haps unexpected, progress of the Russian armies for
the preservation of peace. It has become necessary
to learn to agree with Russia, and war against that
power would be in every respect out of season.

The Post of this morning has a long article
on the subject of the late Meeting of the Magis-
trates and Gentlemen of the county of Tippe-
rary, in the course of which, alluding to the ar-
guments of those enlightened Senators, who ad-
vocated the cause of Emancipation as the only
certain panacea for the distractions of Ireland, it
sneeringly asks, " Was not a large proportion of
the military strength of the Empire then re-
quired for the preservation of peace in Ireland,
to be instantly set free? Were not this removal
of domestic danger, and this augmentation of
available strength, to manifest their immediate
effect in the increased influence of England in
every quarter of the globe ? Was not the
height of the Balkan range of hills to experience
a new elevation, and the intricacies and difficul-
ties of its passes to be multiplied ? Was not
the distance from the Danube to Constantinople
even to be increased, by we know not how many
degrees, in consequence of this talismanic act of
the British Senate ?" To all these queries we
have but one answer to make. Nothing of the
kind as the immediate consequence of Emanci-
pation—and our contemporary lays great stress
on the word " immediate"—was ever said, anti.
cipated, or even dreamed of. The language of
the advocates of the Catholics throughout the
Session uniformly was, that by granting Eman-
cipation, Government would be laying the
foundation of a lasting tranquillity to Ireland; that
they would be gradually cutting away one great
stumbling-block in the way of a vigorous and
equitable administration of her resources ; and
above all that they would be narrowing the circle
of her discontent,:and progressively uniting her
more firmly, in the bonds of a more cordial and
affectionate interest, to the sister island. In like
manner, that by blending into one harmonious
and accordant whole, the hitherto scattered and
conflicting energies of the Cabinet, they would
be impressing on the minds of the Continental
Sovereigns a more lofty idea of the vast moral
and political influence of Great: Britain, than any
they could have previously entertained. This was
the language of the Emancipators, both in and
out of Parliament ; this was what they one and
all asserted, and by this they will one and all
abide. As for any immediate advantages to
flow singly from the Catholic Relief Bill, they
never dreamed of it for an instant. They knew
that it was perfect madness to suppose that,
because Emancipation was granted on the Monday,
on the Tuesday all Ireland should be spell-bound
in some strange talismanic tranquillity, and on
the following month all Europe be stupified and
paralyzed into impotence ! Government, like a
healing balsam, works by wit not by witchcraft.
Time—a reasonable time, is requisite to allow its
benefits to be properly appreciated. The longer
and the more inveterate the disease has been, the
longer period it will take even the most experienced
practitioners to eradicate it. None but your in-
fatuated quacks, whether in medicine or politics,
ever presume to undertake cures in an instant !
impromptu recoveries, like most other impromp-
tus, have little beyond their brevity to recom-
mend them.

With regard to Ireland, the recent partial dis-
turbances in Tipperary—out of which the Ultra
Tory Press is striving so hard to manufacture,
first, an insurrection, secondly, an answer to those
who looked, and still look, on Emancipation as a
tranquillizing act—these disturbances have no more
to do with the Catholic Question than «Hyperion
with a satyr." They are mere temporary ebul-
litions of party feeling growing out of causes
purely local. Really our ultra cotemporaries
must be reduced to the lowest ebb, when the
strongest argument they can bring against Eman-
cipation is, that it has not been able to prevent a
drunken squabble between the police and the
peasantry at Boris-o'kane ! Such a mountain
cannot fail to bring forth a mouse.

We have a file of Grenada Papers to the 3d
of August. The Paper of the Ist contains a
Proclamation from the PRESIDENT, announcing
that he has suspended the CHIEF JUSTICE until
his MAJESTY'S pleasure shall be known.

We have Gibraltar Papers this morning to
the 24th ult.; the exchange was at 48k.

The following communication we received
this morning from our private correspondent at
Paris :

" PARIS, SEPT. 12.
" I have not been able to-day to hear of any in-
telligence from the seat of war in the East, which
can he at all relied on ; nor if the fall of Constan-
tinople, or the final overthrow of the Ottoman
Empire, had been this morning definitiv4y an-
nounced in Paris, would the attention of the
inhabitants have been diverted from the engross-
ing interest of their domestic concerns. I have
repeatedly had occasion to mention to you the

apprehensions which are seriously entertained by
the Constitutional party in France, that some
inroad is to be attempted by the present Govern-
ment on the liberties of the people. In the an-
ticipation of such an attempt the most strenuous
preparations are making, particularly in the
northern departments, to counteract it ; and a
sort of declaration or manifesto has been issued
by the leading inhabitants of the five depart-
ments of the ancient province of Brittany, the
object of which is to create an association for
the purpose of resisting the payment of taxes
illegally imposed, either without the intervention
of the two Chambers, or by Chambers assembled
in contravention of the Charter and of the exist-
ing laws. This declaration has been printed in
several of the daily papers, particularly in the
Journal du Commerce and in the Echo de
France, both of which prints have in conse-
quence been seized at the Post-office. Some
notice had also been taken of it in the Gazette
of this morning, for the purpose, it may be pre-
sumed, of adding some unfavourable commen-
tary ; but even with this antidote the authorities
have not thought fit to allow it to see the light.
I have succeeded in procuring a copy, which I
now subjoin, as even in England it will have
some portion of the interest which is universally
attached to it by men of all parties in this
country. Under the existing law which guaran-
tees the liberty of the press, the seizure of the
papers at the Post-office is no doubt an illegal
stretch of power, and it is not easy to see what
defence can be made for it. As to the declara-
tion itself, and the association already formed
under it, however alarming it may be to a Mini-
ster who should contemplate such measures as
those against which it is intended to provide,
there seems to be nothing in it, according at
least to our English notions, which can at all
justify or excuse such a violent exercise of arbi-
trary power. What, for instance, would have
been said in England, if a whole impression of
the Times or the Morning Chronicle bad thus
been confiscated, because it happened to contain
one of the violent tirades of the late Catholic
Association, or an invitation to liberality in the
collection of the rent ? The Declaration is as
follows :

" ' We the undersigned inhabitants of the
" five departments of the ancient province of
" Brittany, under the cognizance and protec•
" Lion of the Royal Court of Rennes, bound
" by our own oaths, and by those of the chiefs of
" our families, to the duty of fidelity to the
" King, and of attachment to the Charter;
" considering that a handful of political in-
" triguers have threatened to attempt the auda-
" cious project of overturning the Constitu-
" tional guarantees established by the Charter ;
" considering that if the inhabitants of Brit-
" tany have been able to find in these guaran-
tees a compensation for those which were
" assured to them by their union with France,
" it is their duty and their interest to preserve
" this remnant of their liberties and their frau-
" chiles--it is due to their character and their
" honour to imitate the generous resistance, of
" their ancestors against the encroachments,
the caprices, and the abuse of Ministerii.l
power ; considering that resistance by physi-
" cal force would be a dreadful calamity, and
" that it would be without motive while the
" means of legal resistance remain open to us ;
" that in recurring to the judicial power the
" best Prospect of success is to assure the op-
" pressors of a fraternal and substantial union ;
under the ties of honour and of right we
" therefore resolve—

Ist. To subscribe individually the sum of
10 francs, besides a tenth part subsidiarily
" of the contributions inscribed by the under-
" signed in the electoral lists for 1830, and we
" oblige ourselves to pay to the order of the
'• General Collectors, should it become neces-
" sary to name them, in conformity with the
" third of these resolutions.

" 2d. 'lbis subscription is to form a com-
" mon fund for Brittany, destined to indemnify
" the subscribers for the expenses they may in-
" cur in consequence of the refusal to pay any
public contributions illegally imposed, either
without the free, regular, and constitutional
concurrence of the King and the two Cham-
bers, as constituted by the Charter, or with
g the concurrence of Chambers formed by an
electoral system, which could not be voted
by constitutional forms.

" 3d. In case of the official proposition,
44 either of an unconstitutional change in the
44 electoral system, or of the illegal establish-
" ment of taxes, two mandatories from each ar-
" rondissement are to meet at Poutivy, and as
" soon as they are met, to the number of 20,
" they are to name, from among the sub-
" scribers, three General Collectors, and one
" Sub-Collector, in each of the five depart-
" meats.

" 4th. The duties of the Sub-Collectors
" are-Ist. To receive subscriptions ; 2d. To
satisfy indemnities, conformably to article
" 2d ; 3d. O❑ the requisition of a subscriber,
" disturbed by an illegal contribution, to con-
" duct in his name, under the care of the Sub-
" Collector of his department, or of a delegate
" named in his arrondissement, the defence avid
its consequences, by all legal means ; 4th.
To bring a civil action against the authors,
" supporters, and accomplices in the assess-
" went and exaction of such illegal impositions.

sth. The subscribers name M. -- and
" M. as mandatories for this arrondisse-
" ment, to meet the mandatories from the other
" arrondissements, in conformity with article
" 3d, and to transmit their present subscrip' -
" dons to the general collectors when named.'

" From the terms of this declaration it will at
once be seen that a very general alarm has been
excited on the subject of the measures which are
supposed to be in agitation by the present Ca-
binet ; but it is satisfactory to see that a steady
reliance is placed on the firmness and purity of
the judges, who are declared by the Charter not
to be removable, and who are only liable to be
acted upon by the hopes of
preferment.
" Having once conceived an opinion decidedly

ft
'l4

unfavourable of any man or • set of men, It is
not unnatural to give every circumstance regard'
ing them corresponding construction. It he
accordingly been supposed, from the recent de'
molition of the building in which the Chamber
of Deputies formerly held its sittings, that the
Ministry are resolved to conduct the govemmens
for the future without the assistance of that
branch of the Legislature, and that in the got
instance the want of the building is to be assigned
as an excuse. To obviate such a pretext, th°
Chamber of Commerce have made a formal ter
der to the Ministry of the splendid building le
which their business is conducted, for the se'
commodation of the Chamber of Deputies, 'until
the demolished apartments in the Palais
Bourbon are restored. This offer has, howeret
been rejected ; and it is said in the Ministeri
Papers, that a temporary erection is to be mad°
in one of the Courts of the Palace, and that
will certainly be in readiness for the reception e
the Deputies by the beginning of Feb., 1830.
" Divisions in the Cabinet are still the soir
ject of universal conversation. Details are even
given of the immediate causes of difference, in°sl
of which are too absurd for repetition. It seed'
however, to be the general belief that there
be no immediate separation. The tie of near
shy, they say, is stronger than the present grounds
of dissension.

" Accounts from St. Petersburgh, of the 25th
ult., give the details of the public reception, hi
the Emperor Nicholas, of Prince Khosrel'
Mirza, Ambassador Extraordinary from the
Court of Persia, who presented letters from the
Shah, and from Prince Abbas•Mirza, to the
Emperor, on the subject of the assassination !
the Russian Ambassador in the Persian ter
tory. The audience appears to have been coo'
ducted with a great deal of state and ceremoni;
and from the answer which was delivered
the Russian Vice-Chancellor, in the name
the Emperor, it is to be presumed that the
obstacles to a reconciliation between the 11°
Courts are now in a great measure removed. 3
" The Emperor, my august Master, cherge.
me to assure your Royal Highness that it ig
4, with sentiments of the liveliest satisfaction he
" receives the explanations you have give°
g, 6 and the testimonies of regret which you bring!
,
‘" to him on the part of your Sovereign. 11 ig
magnanimous heart could not but be seiojv
4" with horror at an outrage committed with
" the guilty design of again disuniting 0°
" neighbouring powers already almost recoil'
" cited. The mission with which you "r°,3
now charged affords new evidence of 0115
" truth ; and it ought to dissipate all the
" which so deplorable a catastrophe has brelgi
" over the relations between Russia and Persil'
Your Royal Highness will carry these 91;
‘" surances to his Majesty the Shah. The'f
" will convince him of the disposition 1/8
his Imperial Majesty to maintain 11:
" peace, and to cement the relations of friend
" ship and good neighbourhood, so happily re:
" established by the Treaty of Tourkmanto;
" The Emperor commands me to add, that's
" confiding this mission to you, the Shah 1195,
" made a choice which is very agreeable to W
" Imperial Majesty. I trust you will find the
" confirmation of this assurance in the sett°
•
" ments I have now expressed to you in th
" name of my august Master.' "