The Sun.
London, England, 1842-03-04 00:00:00

LATE FROM. MEXICO.

, - -
BARBAROUS ThEATIVIENT or THE TEXIAN CAPTIVES
ANIY AMERICAN PRISONERS.—We, yesterday, held an in-
terview with a gentleman, just from the City of Mexico, who
informs us that ninety of the Texian captives had reached that
place, some days before his departure. They were brought in
in a most wretched condition, having been marched barefoo'ed
and almost naked from the place of, their capture. Amongst
the prisoners was the son of General Ledie Coombs. The
charity of the foreigners in the city furnished them some ne-
cessary apparel. So far from receiving humane treatment from
Santa Anna, as reported, they were chained in pairs, and were
compelled to work in the streets as common felons. Our in-
formant assures us that the resident Ministers of foreign coun
tries, had interfered, in an informal manner, to arrest this dis-
graceful and bat bayous treatment, without succes.. Young
Coombs was extremely ill ; his constitution had proved
too frail to endure the cruelties to which he had been
subjected. The accounts of the treachery rescrted to, to cap-
ture the expedition are confirmed. Mr. Kendall, had not
reached Mexico ; he was expected daily in company with
about 200 Texians. Mr. Ellis, our Minister at Alexi, o, had
demanded young Coombs as a citizen of the United States, but
that a week had elapsed without his receiving any response
erom the Government. We have read a number of private
letters that speak of the sufferings of the captives as most alt-
palling. There has been no eemency shown to the citizens of
the United State;. The general bt-litf in the city was that
nothing short of force would ameliorate the condition of the
prisoners, and that all would be treated alike. Besides these,
we have been favoured with the perusal of official documents,
detailing the circumstances of the capture of the expedition,
and the march of the prisoners to Mexico, which exhib:t a re-
finement of treachery, a hardihood of perfidy, and an excess of
cruelty, arrogance, and rapacity on the part of the Mexicans,
scarcely equalled by the barbarity of their forefathers towards
the helpless aborigines whom they have subjected to every spe-
cies of torture, and slaughtered in very amusement. Our in-
formant met Mr. Lumsnen between Vera Cruz and the city of
Mexico.

We learn that General Paradez, hitherto a partisan of Santa
Anna, is getting up a revolution in the North to overthrow
the ruthless tyrant.
The steitner Furth is to be at the Belize on the sth inst.,
when the Oetorara will take down her letter-bags and passen-
gers —New Orleans Bulletin.

* RIGHT OF SEARCM.—We learn that the ship Henry, at
this port from Vera Cruz, while at that port, was visited by an
officer from an English vessel of war, who claimed several of
the crew of the Henry as being British 'sailors. We further
learn that the said searching Officer was lowered against his will
into his boat, and suffered to depart.—lbid.
LATER FROM VERA Cittrz —The New Orleans Papers of
the 2d inst. contain advices from Vera Cruz to the 16th
January. It having been reported in Mexico that many of the
priests of Spain were making arrangements to come to Mexico,
where an allum had been offered to them by the Mexican
clergy, the Minister of Justice i,sued a decree forbidding their
being considered as belonging to the regular clergy of Mexico.
A conducta of 975,242 dol. left the city of Mexico on the
Bth of January for Vera Cruz.
• FROM FATAL.--RELICS OF THE STEAM SIIIP PRESI-
DENT.—The schooner Mokina, arrived last night in 21 dayS
Itranothe ape de iVerds,,reports that thq stere,bou of the•ill-
ratedistea '-ship'Pre:itient, and some of her witer.easks, bad
been-pieled. up by a vessel, and carried into St. Niehela,. One,
way of aeciuntinefor'thelloating cf these artieles.it,' that .the.
ship when foundered, carried down her boati (which probably
were lashed on deck), and of course the water casks which
were under decks. and that by some' great commotion of the
ocean,- the wreck had been broken up and they floated out.
The Maine also reports the loss of a British brig, with 'a
very valuab!e cargo of merchandise, bound for the River Plata,
on the Hartwell Reef—all hands saved, and half of the cargo.
An American ship (no name given) loaded with iron, from
Sweden, sunk about 80 miles to the westward of Fayal. She
was bound for Boston. The captain and crew left her in their
boats, and had arrived at Fa3al.

MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS.
(From the New York Express of Feb. 14. )
SALES AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE.

1,000 Dols. Illinois Bonds sixes, 1860 cash 20
2,000 Ditto Indiana Bonds - cash 20f
1,000 Ditto New York Fivei, 1862 cash 81
1,250 Ditto Corporation Sixeg, 1843
2,000 Ditto Ex. on Philadelphia 'rash 9-2
4,000 Ditto Kentucky Sixes 77
100 Shares Delaware and Hudson 4ms 90
25 Ditto Farmers' Loan 2l
50 Ditto Mechanics' Bank 6 mos 60
50 Ditto Butchers' and Drovers' Bank .........s 60 90
50 Ditto Canton Co. .............................cash 18i
' 25 Ditto Mohawk Railroad ....................... opg 431
75 Ditto Harlem Railroad ... ..................... csh 9i
80 Ditto New Jersey Railroad ......... 59
25 Ditto St onin;ton Railroad ....................
... 13i
20 Ditto Ohio Life and ,Trust Co ......s 60 50
75 Ditto Boston and Providence Railroad ...s 60 86
10 Ditto New York Ins. Co: •• .....
.......
... 1715 i
•
.............. . 97
' SECOND BOARD ..
-
SALES ,AT THb .
31: ID/lit:too I;le.wßlzkital.rsi.dere Railroad
4,000 Dols. Indiana Sterling Bonds ..................s 3 20
1,000 Ditto Illinois Bonds ... .............................. 19

2,000 Ditto.. .... . ............... .. ........... w 184
h 0 Shares Long Island Railroad ......... 15 531
50 Ditto Delaware and Hudson ..................s 15 titsi

Copper Was made at 17/ cts.
MARKETS.
Ashes.—The sales of Pats have been at 6 50, but are all
held by one house at 7. Pear Is 5 75—no sale.
Cotton.—The market is firm and active, particularly for the
good qualities.
Flour.—The Market is very
Grain.—Further sales of Illinois Wheat have bee❑ at 1,25 ,
for Milling 4,000 Michigan and Ohio, 1,21 i ; Southern Oat;
islCooptp,hear.n—geTihneanreycoctnht steady at
at 47 eta ; Corn 59a 60c.
eiralaer toifcrei!

were
ti
o n
for
Obtaining a Es6l,Aso RAILWAY COMPANY.
was held at thetoCid
enabled
of
meepiaraney'as
on hand would be 1,111/. 14s. 2d ,
—The
the GGRrEeIa2AtThN
Horatlhr NORTH
oyfe
ar 1 ,Dy
England}G•
othffiectle,epDoartrlirnegatd
Darlington,
that on
thie' appeared, from
ueDenseißdrr aeaayeilltill.'woo raesi last,
nye t i when gh
c n it
clear balance remaining
'dividend of 21.
,bs. per share, after deduction of which, the
which, with forfeited di-idends and a remaining balance,.
formed a reserve fund of 4,2681. 13s. sd. No collision or ac-
cident has taken place during the winter, and the number of
passengers conveyed during the quarter eliding June 30, 1841,
was 32,954, and in the last half year, 80,548. Arrangements
were stated to be in course of
rail-
way communication with Newcastle by means of the New-
castle and Darlington Junction Railway, and the Darlington
and Shincliffe line is also proposed to be ia ned to theirs.
Mrs. Wood, on her ride from her villa, near Wake-
field, to take the railway train for Leeds,on Sunday evening last,
owing to the sodden flight of a favourite horse, was thrown with
considerable force over the head of the animal, and, for a time,
excited great fears as to the consequences of so untoward an
accident. She was not, however, prevented },
yy it from com-
mencing an engagement at Leeds on the following evening.

Your Lordship will perceive that all these various charges,
making together 134 barrels, and which you will see are de-
ducted from the wages of the English workman, and place him
at a disadvantage as compared with the American workman,
who is making the same kind of goods, as 34 is to 132.
The natural disadvantages under which the British opera-
tive labours in having to seek & distant market, would, if pro-
tection were of any use—if a bounty on the export of manufac-
tured goods were ever justified, give him a claim to such protection
—to such bounty in his favour, and especially as the net returns
for goods exported fix the price paid for labour on all goods
of similar manufacture made in this kingdom, whether for
exportation or home consumption, as the price must always
be low enough, in an exporting country, to overcome and
cover all the difficulties and charges incurred in the ex-
portation of, his goods, and the importation of his food, or
he must pay, that is equivalent, as much extra for the home
grown as would cover the expenses of importing his food from
abroad, which expense would amount to fifty-nine barrels of
flour against the English workman, even if we had a free-
trade in corn, and if the American hostile^tariff were not taken
off, there would. then be a disadvantage against the English
workman of 91 yi barrels of flour as compared with the
American workman.. As it is now agreed on all hands that
protection and bounties on manufactures, if practicable, would
be mischievous—if, then, the Legislature can give no protection
to the operatives; if no device can raise the money rate of
wages of the working man artificially one farthing, what then
becomes of protecting some other class at the expense of this—
the most numerous, as well as the most helpless of all classes,
especially as our position is altering every day for the worse,
from the increase of, and improvement in machinery, both in
the old and new worlds. When we had few or no competitors,
when the superiority in, or exclusive possession of ma-
chinery placed us in the position, if your Lordship will allow
me to illustrate the ease by a comparison of a gentleman of the
turf, whose horses are so su?erior as to titter others from a con-
test, and which walk over the course for the plate, in such a
case the weight carried was immaterial. The difference was
paid by the foreigner„ but our altered position renders it neces-
sary that the Legislature (to carry on the figure) sheuld re-
move every pound from the overburdened animal who has now
such formidable competitors in the race.= And let it never be
forgotten that it is the working man especially that competes.
It should be remembered that thelandowner bas none of these
difficulties to contend with, but has the benefit of a market at
his ovrn door. Though I have taken a single article, and a
single market, to illustrate the case, the result would be the
same in any other markei,- or with any other kind of goods
which we chip, the degree being fixed by the tariffs in such
countries, and by the per centage of labour in such goods,
and which per centago of labour is continually decreasing.
In ,peaking f the falling off of the hosiery trade of the midland
counties, I ought to have named to your Lordship, that so far
from their being any falling off in the fashion for cotton hosiery
(and returns are accessible from most countries), as far as I
have been able to ascertain from such returns, there is a con-
stant steady increased consumption of there articles in all civi-
lised countries but one, and that one country is Great Britain,
which supplied the world with hosiery for more than two hun-
dred years. There has been a falling off in this country within
the last thrt e or four years in the consumption of this article
about one-third.

rand that, whether you compare the situation of the English
operative with the foreign workmen, as to the amount of food
he receives for a given amount of labour, or whether you view
it by comparing his present with his past circumstances, the
result is equally unfavourable.
I find, on a careful comparison of the money rate of wages
of the stocking maker now, and before the passing of the Corn-
laws, taking thirty years before the war and its disturbing
causes, and indeed up to the passing of the law of 1815, the
workmen had steady wages, which, compared with the present
rate was as 15s. is to 6s. 6d. or is., and allowing for the
difference in the price of food on an average for the last ten
years, and ten years before the War - places him in a
position to Lis disadvantage as one is to four—your
Lordship always recollecting that there has been no disturb-
ing cause to whieh bad trade has been attributed else-
where, either in the improvement of, or *tease in, machi-
nery or any application of steam, and that as his wages
have been earning down step by step under these laws, if
we may judge from the past, it is fair to presume that they
will continue to do so, so long as these lawn are on the sta-
tute-book.
In addition to the evils I have before named, it may be well
to state as we are only now manufacturers on sufferance, and
aie obliged to make such goods as foreign manufacturers ne-
glect to supply the markets of the world with, we are con-
tinually being pressed upon those articles which have the least
labour and the most material in them, which circumstance acts
injuriously, not only in giving a less amount of labour in a
given amount of exports, but gives an increased disadvantage
against the wages of our workmen. For instance, with 20 per
cent. foreign tariff on 80 per cent. wages and 20 per cent.
material,. that will he a tax on British labour of 25 per cent. ;
but with an article having 50 per cent. material and 50 per
cent. labour in it, will be a tax on. the British workman on the
same foreign market of 40 per cent.
The general impression three years ago was, that we should
lose the whole of this trade, but experience shows that these, as
well as other ill. paid operatives must continue to work at such
wages as may be obtained, however low that price may be, and
however high the price of foo.l, there being no other employ-
ment to be had. Your Lordship will see I have not endea-
voured to make out a ease not warranted by the circumstances,
when I tell you that the disparity would have been considerably
greater before midsummer last, as up to that time the duty on
-,these 49.05, at the Amer can Custom-I°nm was, 30 instead of
23 per ceht:, Mich it nit*is. •-" .-!
-- I-have the whole-of she vouelt‘es in my possession, necessary
'to establish the correctness of this statement. I am at Morley's
EloteLtand should be happy to furnish them, should your Lord.
ship. deem it necessary.—l am, my Lord,
'Your Lordship's most obedient humble servant,

WM. RAWSoN.

COMPARISON OF ENGLISH AND AMERICAN
HOSIERY -MANUFACTURE.

A British merchant shipped to the United States, a quan-
tity of hosiery, which was sold for 216 barrels of flour.
Taking the same articles, American manufacture, at the
same amount, the following estimate shows how the said
barrels of flour would be appropriated in the reproduction of
the same articles :
The British manufacturer would require for the
purchase of materials
Woes ,of labour,
Profits of manufacturer
-- 41
Cost of reproduction in England
- - -

Cost of realisation :
Freight, insurance, and charges, commissions, &c.
in England Barrels 20k
Charges of selling the above goods in New
York, freights, insurance &c 3l -
Charges of purchasing fluur -
Commission and charges -59 i
Fiscal obstacles:
American tariff, 23 per cent. (deemed reta-
liatory)
English Corn-law duty paid at Liverpool...—. 42i
Fiscal charges . --- 74}
Total . .... ... 216 barrels.

The American material would require...... 7O barrels
Wages of labour...
Profit to manufacturer, say l3t
- 146

216 barrels

No!e.—The American manufacterer and ----
workman's share
The English manufacturer and
Workman's share... 4l !!!
Barrels of Flour.
American wages of labour l32* !!
English wages of ditto

Difference. 9B !!!

MANSIAUGIFTER.—Wednesday afternoon a length-
ened investigation was entered into before Mr. Wakley,
at the Salmon and Compasses, Penton-street, Pentonville, on
view of the body of Mr. Richard Simmonds, aged 44, fish-
monger, late of No. 93, Chapel-street, in the same neighbour-
hood, who died in consequence of injuries'inflicted on him by
a young man named Frederick Jones (now in custod)), of
highly respectable connections, residing with his parents at
No. 4, York-terrace, Barnsbury-park, Islington. The case
was noticed under the head of " Law and Police " on Tuesday.
'1 he Jury returned a verdict of " Manslaughter against Frede-
rick Jones,"_ who was forthwith committed on the Coroner's
warrant to Newgate.
- - -

Captain Blanchard, of the American ship Rowland,
arrived at Havre-de-Grace on the 24th of February, from
Savannah, -reports, that on the 14th of February, in lat. 46 15,
long. 25 54, his vessel, while scudding' in a heavy gale from
the S. W., was struck by lightning, which set the ship on fire
between decks. The greatest alarm prevailed on board, and to
extinguish the flames was deemed next to an impossibility.
However, the attempt was made by the crew, who commenced
by throwing part of her cargo (cotton) overboard, and cutting
holes through her decks, and pouring down a large quantity of
water. By their united exertions, from four till eight o'clock
in the morning, they succeeded in extinguishing the firs, but
not before considerable damage had been done to the Rowland
and her cargo.

Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from the
ungregation of Independent Dissenters in Newport,
Monmouthshire, praying for a repeal of the Corn-laws ;
Ilso a petition from a place in Essex, praying for a change
in the system of taking the averages according to the
gliding scale ; also a petition from South Shields, pray-.
ing for the entire and immediate-repeal of the Corn-laws ;
.uni another petitiOn from Pontefract, to the same effect ;
also a petition from the congregation of Glenelly, county
if Tyrone, to the same effect. All those petitions were
from congregations in connexion with the Pres-
-syterian Church of Ireland. He was anxious to
learn the result of the meeting of the General
Assembly of Ireland, which was about to be held on the
subject, before their Lordships proceeded to the dis-
cussion of the Bill which had been introduced into the
Aber House ; but he was anxious that this should be
done with as little delay as possible.
The LORD CHANCELLOR suggested that both
objects might be met by taking the second reading of the
Bill, and discussing it in Committee on Monday.
NATIONAL EDUCATION (IRELAND).
The Earl of ENNISKILLEN presented several peti-
tions from places in the diocese of Tuam, against the
present system of National Education in Ireland.
REGULATION OF APPRENTICESHIPS.

On the motion of Lord WHARNCLIFFE the Regu-
lation of Apprenticeships Bill was read a first time.
Their Lordships then adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS, MARCH 3.
The SPEAKER took the Chair shortly before Four
o'Clock.

Mr. BARNARD presented a petition from St. Mary
Magdalene, Bermondsey, against the 'Greenwich Rail-
way Bill (No. 1.)

BlitMlNilHAbi AND LIVERPOOL CANAL BILL.
Mr. CLIVE brought in the Liverpool and Birming-
ham Canal Bill (Nos. 1 and 2), which were rend
a first, and ordered to be read a second time.

CORN-LAWS.
Major BRYANT presented a petition from Mallow,
against the Corn-law Bill.
Mr. BLEWETT presented petitions to a similar effect,
from Newport, Salford, and several other places.
Colonel GORE LANGTON presented eight petitions,
having a similar object, from places in Somersetshire.
Dr. STOCK presented similar petitions from Tip-
perary.