Star.
London, England, 1808-02-09 00:00:00

ADMIRALY OFFICE, FEB. 9.

Copy of a Lctter from Rear Admiral the Honourable Sir Alex-
ander Cochrane, K. B. Commander in Chief of his Majesty's
Ships and Vessels at the Leeward Islands, to the Honourable
W. W. Pole, dated on board his Majesty's Ship Belle:sle, St.
Croix, December 27, 1807.

SlR—Be pleased to inform the Lords Commis-

sioners of the Admiralty, that in obedience to their
Lordships' order*, received by his Majesty's sloop
Fall', no time was lost in embarking the troops pre;
tie/ugly destined for the expedition against the Danish
islands of St. Thomas, and St. Croix. As the ar-
tillery, ordnance, and commissary stores had been for
come time oh board the vesseli hired for the purpose,
we were enabled to leave Carlisle Bay on the 16th in-
stant, C eneral Bowyer doing me the honour of ac-
companying me in the Belleisle.
On the 19th we reached Sandy Point, St. Christo-
pher's, and received some troops from that garrison;
and on the 91st, anchored off St. Thomas, where we
were joined by reinforcements from Antigua and Gre-
nada, and the troops held in readiness to land at a
moment's notice.
Brigadier-General Shipley, and Captain Fahie, had
been previously sent forward in the Ethalion,icharged
with a Summons to the Governor, to surrender the
island, 2 copy of which, and his answer, are inclosed.
Soon after they returned, accompanied by three Da-
nish officers, Major-General Maitland, and Captain
Pickmore, of the Ramillies, were sent on shore with
powers to negotiate with the governor for capitulat-
ing, which was agreed to on the inclosed terms, and
signed in the evening.
Having on the morning of the 22d taken possession
Of the island, and its dependencies, the first division
of the troops intended for the attack of St. Croix,
was embarked in the frigates and slo: ps of war ;
and the same officers again sent forty: rl, charged
with a similar summons to the governor. On the
morning of the 24th, they rejoined with an answer,
and about neer., the squadron anchored off the town
of Fredericksiadt, when three Danish officers (as at
St. Thomas), came on board, and it was arranged
that the governor should, on the following morning,
25th, meet Major-General Maitland, and Captain
Pickmore, to settle the terms of capitulation, which
was accordingly done, and the fort taken possession
of by the troops in the evening ; and last night, the
gan-ison and town of Christianstadt, on the other side
of the island, were also given up.
Copies of the several papers before mentioned are
herewith inclosed, together with returns of ordnance
on both islands *, and a list of ships and vessels found
in the harbours.
It affords me much satisfaction that this expedition
has terminated without loss to either party. Defence
on the part of the enemy would only have been atten-
ded with unnecessary effusion of blood, as their force
could not have withstood that brought against them.
I have the pleasure to state the utmost cordiality
existed between the two services employed on this ex-
pedition ; and I feel truly sensible of the readiness
with which General Bowyer met my wishes, in what-
ever related to the public service.
Captain Parkinson, of his Majesty's sloop Favou-
rite, is charged with this dispatch, who will be able
to give their Lordships such farther information as
they may desire. I have the honour to be, &c.
(Signed) ALEX. COCHRANE.
N. B. The same as those transmitted by Gen. Bowyer.
A List of Vessels found in the Harbour of St. Tho.
mas on the Capitulation of that Island, Dec. 21, 1607.
American ship Catherine, of 2 guns, pierced for 10, and 075
tors, in ballast.
Hambro' ship Sophia Magdalene, of 2 guns, and 200 tons,
la-
den with 150 casks coffee, and 22 casks of sugar.
English ship Fly, of 130 tons, laden with ship stores.
Danish ship Altona, of 250 tons, laden with ship stores.
American ship Elizabeth, pierced for 16 guns, and 250 tons, in
ballast.
English ship Alexander, laden with indigo, cotton, copper, and
and dry wood.
Hambro' ship Lucretia Margaretta, of 10 guns, and 250 tons.
laden with 92 hogsheads of sugar, 110 cases ditto, 600 bales
of tobacco, and 13 bales of indigo.
Danish brig Neptune, of 118 tons, in ballast.
A Swedish brig, of 70 tons, is ballaat.
Danish brig Fame, of 112 tons, in ballast.
English brig Navigation, of 2 guns, and 120 tons.
Danish brig Host, of 122 tons, in ballast.
A Dullish schooner, pierced for 10 gut r„ and 91 tons, in bAlast•
Danish schooner Hope and F.sperance, of SO tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Nancy, of 14 tons, iu ballast.
Danish schooner Nancy, of 12 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Experiment, of 10 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Mary, of 20 tons, In ballast.
Danish schooner Amphion; of 55 tons.
Danish schooner Courier, pierced for 10 guns, and 94 tons, in
ballast.

Danish schooner Phcenix, pierced for 16 guns, and 100 tons, in
ballast.
Danish schooner Louisa, of 64 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Ellenora, 0174 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner William & George, of 30 tons, in ballast.
Palish schooner Flying Fish, of 30 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Alexandria, of 75 tons, in iron ballast.
Danish schooner Phomix, of 84 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Dolphin, of 60 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Esperance, of 24 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Joseph, of 35 tons, in ballast.
English schooner Laura, of 35 tons, in iron ballast.
Danish schooner Antoinette, of 64 tons, in ballast.
English schooner Hippomenes, of 100 tons, laden with casks.
D wish schoner Eliza, of 97 ton, laden with ship stores.
Hamborough schooner Jung Jacob, of 100 tons, with ballast
and stores.

English schooner Flora, of 90 tone, :n b. lbst.
Danish schooner 11.:tsey, of 40 tons, in ballast
Danish schooner Trazer, of 42 tons, in barast.
Danish schooner Citizen, of 38 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Larkin, of 42 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Hope, of '2O tons, in ballast.
American schooner Friendship, of 100 tons, laden with 40 bags
of cocoa and 4 barrels of flour.
Danish schooner Fortune, of 32 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner Harriot, of 56 tons, in ballast.
Danish schooner, pierced for to guns, of 90 tons, in ballast
Danish schooner Cosmopolite, of 94 tons, in ballast.
[The remainder to-morrow.]

PiIRLMMEN7Wr PROCEEDING..

HOUSE OF LORDS, FEBRUARY 8.
CONIMETICIAL PAPERS.
Lord AtiCKLAIND prefaced three motions for Commercial
Papers, with a few observations on the flourigfing condition of the
trade of this country. In spite of the malignant efforts of the
enemy, it bad prodigiously augmented. The exportation in the
rti:cattiviz year amounted to 43 millions sterling; and he should be
happy to discover that the same success had attended our national
industry in the present; but he looked to the future with some
apprehension. The arrangements which were suggested for our
connection with neutral powers were, in his mind, inadequate.
But in order to satisfy hini.:elt on a subject of so much importance,
he should move for the information that was necessary, and pro-
bably make a subsequent application to their Lordships on the
subject.
The motions were then read from the Woolsack, requiting an
account of the Exports during the last year, with the amount of
produce and manufactures distinguished—Ordered.
AMERICA.
Lord GRENVILLE asked, if any communication was to be
made to the House on the subject of the negociation with the
United States?
lord I I AWKESBURY answered, that it would be mentioned
probably to-morrow or Wednesday.
Lord GRENVILLE said, that to-morrow or Wednesday he
3'l4.Aid move for the. Papers relative to it.
ENPEOITION TO COPENIIAGV".
The Duke of NORFOLK, after the fullest consideration ht
could pay to the subject of the Expedition to Copenhagen, felt it
to be, expedient to extend his application for Papeis in the form of
four distinct motions. To the three first, he understood no ob-
jection would be made : he should therefore propose them with-
out any comment.
[The three motions were in substance, that the particulars and
dates of such information as had been received from his Majesty's
Ministers at Copenhagen, as far as related to the naval prepara-
tions on the part of Denmark, he laid before the House.)
These being read .and agreed to,
The Duke of NORFOLK again rose and said, that
the vast preparations introductory to the attack upon
the Danish capital had excited the curiosity of the
whole country, but no one believed that Copenhagen
was to be the scene of action. When a doubt could
no longer remain as to the object, it was supposed
that nothing hostile would be attempted : that these
warlike bands would be employed on some ulterior
project; and that the negotiation with.the Prince Re-
gent would he pacific in its conclusion. Was this the
fact ? Was the acquiescence of the Prince ever at-
tained ? On the contrary, were not the equitable prin-
ciples due from one independent nation to another
utterly abandoned, and the fleet of a neutral state
seized, without any justification, from the indispensa- '
ble necessity of the measure. He was aware that a
necessity might exist that would supply a complete
vindication ; but the difficulty was to draw the line
where that imperious necessity commenced ; and this
view of the affair led him, for a moment, to notice
the Declaration subscribed with his Majesty's name,
which had received the sanction of the British Go-
vernment, and which must be attributed to the ad-
vice of the servants of the Crown. He would ven-
ture to say, that after an attentive perusal of that in-
strument, he could discover no such necessity as had
been pretended : that attempt at justification which
had been submitted to the eyes of all Europe had
failed, and we were exposed to the disgrace conse-
quent on this failure. Admitting there was such a
necessity, the difficulty of our situation was to be met
with wisdom and policy. It was not enough that by
the effort we gained something ; we must compare the
losses with the acquisitions, and determine which
preponderated. True it was, that we had gained
possession of the Danish navy ; but by that posses-
sion we had thrown Denmark into the arms of France,
and increased the number of our enemies by the ad-
dition of this neutral and independent kingdom.
He did expect that some pains would have been taken
to satisfy the House on this questiOnable transaction :
that the Declaration being incompetent, the defi-
ciency would have been supplied by documentary evi-
dence; shewing, that had the Danish fleet not been
captured by our navy, it must inevitably have fallen
within the grasp of the enemy. It was said that the
danger was imminent, because Holstein was in the
power of France. This assertion was incorrect ; but
were the fact otherwise, until the whole of Jutland
should have been occupied by the troops of the foe,
no such peril was to be apprehended ; but after we
had committed this act of injustice and violence, every
thing was to be feared, because we had, by our own
misconduct, alienated the affections of a friendly state;
yet, if the French army were in Jutland, was the con-
quest of Zealand secure ? While the Danes posses-
sed a fleet to defend themselves, the enterprize would
have been hazardous and difficult, and might have
ultimately terminated in the triumph of naval over
military tactics. But the utility of the Danish ma-
rine was not confined to herself ; it was the constant
object of jealousy to Russia, and contributed to con-
void the operations of that power, which is now ini-
mical to this country, and has the complete dominion
of the Baltic sea. Was it intended by Ministers to
assert that no nation on earth had a right to a naval
power except Britain ? The same policy which led
them to capture the Danish fleet should have urged
them on to Cronstadt, to seize the navy of Alexander;
and the marine of Portugal should, on the like prin-
ciple, have been forced into our harbours. To the
application of such a rule of conduct, the lobe itself
could assign no limit ; from the British Channel to
the confines of China it was to be extended. Not
Denmark only, but Russia also, by such an aggres-
sion, was converted into an inveterate enemy—Rus-
sia, from whence our arsenals are supplied with the
most valuable articles for the maintenance of our ma-
ritime strength—Russia, who herself possessed a
powerful navy, which would become a most impor-
tant accession to the naval resources of France. Mi-
nisters, surely, under such circumstances, would be
disposed, for their own credit, to lay before the House
all possible information, to silence the tongue of
calumny, which had been so loud upon the occasion.
His principal motive in applying for these documents
was, certainly, the preservation of the honour of the
country, which so long had maintained its character
and dignity amongst the nations of Europe ; but if
he only contemplated the peculiar situation of em-
barrassment to which his Majesty's servants were ex-
posed, he should discover motives safficient for the
predeetion of this information. Even if they were
run:; in their conduct, in such papers some apology
might be found, by the exposition of their motives ;
eley would rather have it supposed that they were
hurried on,ward by intemperate zeal, or by sonie ge- 1
nerous prejudices, than have it believed that ;hey in-
dalged impreper and derogatory designs. His Grace
elencluded with moving, that papers he laid on the
table, stating the condition of the naval force of Den-
mars, the means taken for augmenting the same, the

expedients adopted for collecting seamen for tie!. s-
ply of it, the grounds of the alledged confederacy
with France, the communications with the Danish
Court respecting the shutting of the Sound, the mea-',
sures suggested by Russia and Denmark to exclude'
Great Britain from the Commerce of the Continent, i
and the project for the employment of the Danish
navy for the invasion of these islands.
The Marquis WELLESLEY thought, whatever
difference of opinion mightkave arisen as to the mea-
sure of the capture of the Danish fleet originally, that
all uncertainty had been removed by subsequent
events. He hoped it was now established beyond con-
lradictiWoni that the enterprise was both j
must and po-
itic. thont adverting to any other otives, the
necessity alone was a complete vindication. What
constituted this necessity ? 1. The designs of France
—2. The means France possessed to accomplish those
designs-3. The concurrence of Denmark with those
deigns-4. The imminent danger that hung over
the country. What was the situation of France at the
time of this transaction, either with relation to Eng-
land or to the Continent ? To the last moment of
the contest with Russia, there was some hope of ar-
re, ting the progress of the French triumphs. After
the battle of Friedland, the hope of the Continent
was converted into despair. From that time, there-
fore, new arrangements were to be made for the pro-
secution of the war. accommodated to the altered
position of public affairs. France had already changed
hePobject—continental Europe was at her feet—and
thus released from her military foes, she contemplated
the destruction of this country, by the only means by
which it was possible to effect that desirable purpose,
the reduction of our navy ; and the schemes for the
annihilation of our commerce are only auxiliary to
this design. She knows that it is the glory of Great
Britain that the foundation of her power is not the
accidental advantages of inferior States, but it is the
commerce of the world. Until this is extinguished by
the policy and ambition of the enemy, it will be in
II vain for him to attempt the subversion of this vast I
empire. France, having subdued Russia, disclosed
some particulars of the extent of her designs, and she
collected her strength for this new effort. To contri-
bute to this vast scheme of empire, the naval resour-
ces of every maritime state were to be concentrated
for our destruction. Where would she look for the
most powerful means to fulfil her purpose ? Did any
Noble Lord doubt that to Zealand she directed her
attention, and was it not of the highest importance
to disappoint her purposes ? Was it to be iniagined
that the consummate General and able Statesman
who was at the head of affairs in France, entertaining.
such views, would neglect the desirable expedient ot
adding the Navy of Denmark to his resources. If
we should not be satisfied with this presumptive
proof, we might bring the testimony nearer—for he
announced this intention almost in direct terms after
the fatal battle of Friedland—and the whole of his sub-
equent conduct has been illustrativeof it. The move-
ment of the French armies, the appointment of a
distinguished Officer at Hamburgh, close to the
scene of action, and the collection of a vast military
force in that neighbourhood, all conduce to shew that
he meant to overawe, if not to conquer, Denmark,
and either by fraud or force, to render her subservi-
ent to his project, for the humiliation of Great Bri-
tain. This plan was not confined to Denmark—it
was to be extended to Portugal ; and in both coun-
tries all British subjects were to be seized—every
means of oppression was to be employed—the com-
bined forces of these kingdoms were to be directed
to complete the punishment of the oppressors of
the seas—the enemies to the freedom of navigation
throughout the world. This is not vague conjecture :
the purpose was disclosed at the Court of France by
her military Ruler to the Ambassadors of Portugal
and of Denmark, in immediate succession. The com-
munication was made in the moment of haste, or un-
der the ebullition of passion : it was imparted during
the frigid formalities of state ceremony. It had been
asserted by the Noble Duke, that many difficulties
would remain to be encountered, ev en after the ene-
my should be in possession of the peninsula of Jut-
land. He himself had taken some pains to collect
information on the maritime obstructions and facili-
ties on the coast of Zealand, which he would submit
to the notice of their Lordships, in answer to the opi-
nions to which he had just adverted. The ordinary
state of the Belt in the winter season was to have the
passage intercepted by floating ice, which was car-
ried off by the current, and dispersed by the wind, or
occasionally melted during a warm interval, so as en-
tirely to disappear. There were no tides in the Belt,
and the course of the stream accompanying the wind,
nothing was more frequent than for vessels in that
channel to be driven off from their station. In this
situation of things, the enemy might with facility ef-
fect his purpose of transport from the adjacent terri-
tory, especially as there was no strait where to work
to windward was attended with much fruitless exer-
tion and difficulty. The large extent of mast was
another circumstance to be considered ; so that, with-
out the necessity of supposing any favourable state of
the elements, it could be readily imagined, that the
occupation of the Continental dependencies of Den-
mark would be soon followed by the conquest of her
insular possessions. It might be inquired if the Da-
nish army would be inactive during these hostile pm-
ceedings ? What was its strength ? It was stated at
25;000 men on paper, but he believed in effective force
it did not exceed 18,0010. How could this irregular
levy encounter the victorious troops of France, pour-
ed into the country in numbers at pleasure, propor-
tioned to the degree of resistance to be expected ?
It perhaps would also be asked, on what principle of
policy it was that we offered to guarantee to Den-
mark the security of her dominions, when so much
difficulty must attend their preservation. He would
not pretend to determine what might have been the
result, had the Danish army been supported by Bri-
tish valour, and had their combined exertions been
aided by the organization of a patriotic people, in de-
fence of their hearths and their altars ; but in any
view he could take of the subject, it would have been
an arduous and difficult enterprize. Some inconve-
nience would have arisen from other causes. Zea-
land did not afford a sufficient quantity of provisions
for the maintenance of its own inhabitants ; and
hence, even for the ordinary demand, it was ne-
cessary for her to obtain supplies of the principal
articles of subsistence from Holstein and Jutland.—
If numerous forces were collected in the Island,
much larger demands would be made upon the
Continent, which would not be answered, because

the
n-
c a 2
ri,r increase andtectheietvioir thusot
danger,iutl hle er ba
oep‘ possession‘pimnaarnnedctet hsmsei ety 000ufflWhatever
thoseat securityee
rr ultimatelyev .m would
ies.
ht
-be the disposition of England to assist them in this
emergency, it might be physically impoisible—the in-
clemency of the season would probably prevent access
at the time when communication was absolutely nc-
cess try to their suppore Reflecting then, on all these
circumstances, it was his firm conviction, that when-
ever the French thought it necessary to their schemes
of aggrandisement or power, Zealand would have be-
come an easy victim to their ambition. The policy
of Bonaparte might, perhaps, have dictated less vio-
lent means ; he might have contented himself with
threats, I will spare you (he might have said) your
islands—l will even resign to you your continental
possessions, on the condition that you unite your na-
val and military forces with the rest of Europe against
the common enemy. Ifyou obstinately persevere in
maintaining your relations of amity with the despot
of the ocean, your German provinces shall be parti-
tioned by new claimants, and your islands shall be-
come dependencies on the adjacent shove." It was
not difficult to discern, that Denmark nil no strong
bias in favour of this country—her disposition was
manifestly shewn on the memorable occasion of the
Armed Neutrality. But nice inquiries into her poli-
tical attachments were not, in the present circum-
stances, necessary : it was sufficient to shew that she
was absolutelY dependent upon France • and the un-
avoidable conclusion was, that she would be subser-
vient to the purposes of France. The state of the
Continent necessarily assimilated her interest to that
Government ; and, in truth, she held her most pro-
ductive territories only by his permission. Not only
her dominions, but the chief support of her impor-
tance—her commerce was at the disposal of the same
power ; for, in time of war especially, she must be
deprived of her intercourse with the most opulent
states, unless the concurrence of France should sanc-
tion her eroceedings. From all that had been urged
on these various departments of the subject, he would
draw three natural inferences—lst. It was the pur-
pose of France to seize the Danish fleet—`2d. It was
in the power of France to seize it-3d. Denmark had,
no adequate means of resistance. He would consider
these positions now as sufficiently established, and
would proceed to some other matters of great weight
in his view of the subject. . What would have been
the consequence, had France obtained the coopera-
tion of this powerful marine ? Their Lordships would
immediately perceive, that it would not have been
solitary acquisition. It would have been added to
the navy of Russia, and the subjection of the Swe-
dish fleet would have precipitately followed ; and
thus the whole of the floating strength of these three
powers would have been under the controul of our
enemy. It would have been no trifling accession—
forty sail of the line would have been placed in a
commanding situation for the attack of the vulture--
rable parts of Ireland, and for a descent upon. the
coasts of England or Scotland ; and in eppositioh. to
this formidable navy the Admiralty could not have
assigned any competent force, without weakening our
stations in the Mediterranean, in the Atlantic, and in
the Indian Seas, at a time when it was most necessary
to maintain our superiority in all these situations.-1
Such being the character and power of the enemy,
and such the condition of Denmark, was it possible'
that any one of their Lordships could assert that• the
danger was not imminent ? The case of danger, made
out even in the imperfect manner he had stated it,
was so great, that it concerned the very existence of
the country, as an independent power. Had Mini-
sters not acted as they had dune, they would have
fatally abandoned their hiohest duties ; and he hoped
in Gon, that if ever similar circumstances should oc-
cur, the same wisdom would be found at the helm,
to conduct the vessel of the state in security, amid
the shoals and rocks that would threaten its destruc-
tion ! The moment was precious—a few weeks, per-
haps the progress of a single week, would have .ren-
dered the attempt unsuccessful, and we would have
been exposed to all the dreadful consequences he had
detailed, Addressing a British audience, he could
scarcely justify arguing the subject—the peril to
which the nation was liable called up every senti-
ment of affection to our constitution, to our liberties,
and our laws, and, in terms mandatory and irresisti-
ble, dictated the course which must be pursued. The
violence which had been attributed to this measure
was unavoidable ; every attempt at negotiation was
unsuccessfully made ; every offer of remuneration
was insultingly rejecte. It would have been useless
to have extorted promises from a people wholly at
the disposal of the enemy ; nothing less than the re-
signation of the fleet was sufficient, and the means by
which it was obtained was justified on every principle
of truth, equity, and honour. The great maxims of
the law of nations were founded on the laws of na-
ture ; and the law of security or self preservation
was among these, the most .impiertant and sacred.—
It was a law equally to be obeyed by individuals and
communities. The King, placed at the head of the
great society subsisting on these islands, had no duty
paramount to the protection of his people, and by the
servants of the Crown this imperious duty had been
on this momentous occasion, vigilantly and ably
discharged. The principle of the great law of nature
and nations was clearly applicable to the case before
their Lordships. Here was an instrument of war
within the grasp of our inveterate enemy : we inter-
posed and seized it ; and this act of energy and wis-
dom is to have the hard epithets of rapine and im-
piety ascribed to it. To shew that injury has been
done to an innocent party in a transaction, is not to
prove its iniquity. All war had the effect to involve
in its horrors the helpless and the innocent, but it was
not on that account necessarily unjust. Let any
man say how war could be conducted without it ?
As neutral individuals, might be sacrificed in the
common calamity, so also might neutral nations. In
cases of this kind, the party committing the injury
was frequently mistaken ; it was often not done by
the ostensible instrument, but by the silent agent,
which by previous misconduct had exposed the suf-
ferer to such an unfortunate situation. Were not
such principles fairly referable to every part of this
extraordinary case ? If he had accurately stated the
relative rights of communities as founded on the laws
of nature, the Government of Great Britain had only
put in exercise that law of self preservation that need-
ed no curious and intricate disquisitions to justify.—
What signifies reasoning on abstract rights, it might
be said, when the general voice of Europe pro.

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chimed the criminality of ourrnrsycoofpon;
the tongue of Europe free as to the ere e eirne '.'''as
public law, affecting the interests of c 'P'es of
especially on subjects connected wilt our re .el'
ocipenloa3ornac
je?nt4iCaoodufvlEencittilerioeli,toro.
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flag is free reWhat ship navigated the ocean but ,
der his orders ? What commerce was them eli;
rope, but under Met appointment and eontroul ? atleil
soldier, what lawyer, what churchman, what laeft,
dthaeresduit,
jbuttztatteito•
nannoopt ionlilolyn
oifnithmeicca,lontotifilienimt:
body and mind of every individual on its seq.
asnaa -,
.complete ? It 7mindeddrallimarmofs tloife
Philip of
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:ileisnlalrad
Orator
etoDr elopthiticiaAt etoilnlleoct„.
1 msdaoi i lodi a,
were t e
byd Gar triumphant,ee4ci
!peak only in the Macedonian dialect. Ever-, 14 -
throughout Europe the oracular decisions by- aira, '
1 she is governed were French, and to thern okaia„,—'„
was paid due only to divine authority. Frain tate.
I considerations, he hoped that the conduct of NI •
ters would be respected and g }Troy ed ..and no Miami
ceeding in Parliament would tend to st;lly the ici.
of this most distinguished achievem.c.nt- • c ih ": '
o. e ae.
that nothing would lead the world to suppo*ali
the councils of theynation suspected the purity asi $
honour of this great public measure. It would la 1
source of gratitkation to the enemy, if he Nutt that the
Senate of the land joined in the condemnation heel
so hastily determined. This was the severest bliae le
had felt since he had commenced his reign ; on et' .
occasion at least fortune had not attended his oh*
wheels, and in the prosecution of hs most favolia
project he was humbled and disappointed.
Lord HUTCHINSON began whit cum sire hi
admiration of the ale and eloquent speech wlichtli,
Lordships had just heard ; but eloquent ar.d ,b'e a
it was, it had not carried conviction to his mini le
certainly had not satisfied him, that the media
against Copenhasen was justifiable, eider upcs
grounds of necessity or policy. What lee feared most
in Bonaparte was his cool calculating mind, and the
advantage which he would endeavour to active from
that event. Had not that taken place, he would have
found .it difficult to get Russia to consent to enter
completely into his views. He agreed with the
Noble Lord, that ships might be driven from the Belt;
but he would contend, that such accidents, though
they might facilitate the passage of small -bodies of
troops from Holstein to Zealand, woeld never eahk
the enemy to reach it in force sufficient to ensure tb
conquest of the Island. He was at Copenhagen n
the September of the year before last, and be lea
some means of obtaining a knowledge, of the deter.
mination of the Danish Government. He could appeal
to all the diplomatic characters who were there at
time for -their opinion of that determinaticn. The
Danish neutrality had been violated, and consider.
able apprehensions were entertained that the French
meant to occupy Holstein ; but so far from reslalritt
to attempt to ward off this danger, by a dishonotts
able compromise, by. 'submitting to France, items
notorious that it was the-determination. cf the Danish
Government to evacuate Hols:ein, to retire to their
islands in the Baltic, and to preserve the honour,
independence, and Commerce of the country. Ilie
-consequence Of such an attack ..upon • tire part of '
France would be •to throw Denmark into thearmi
of England, for which . the occupation of Hoke&
would have,
_been but a poor compensation., slit
could by no, means agree with the Noble Marquis's
the military view which he took of the paSsage of thr
Belt, and the contiguous coasts of Holstein *4
Zealand. . The lancer was . full of creeks and said
harbours, capable of containing a numerous kills,
in the face of which it would be, impossible for
the trench to pasS the Belt. Where could low 'i
parte assemble such a quantity of craft at-Would eaible ,
him to transport such an army to Zealand as toil'
render it possible to contend with the regular
tary force and the numerous militia and populatics;
of that island ? How was he to convey to it the ins'
mense quantities of stores and artillery of everykial -,
necessary to form the siege of the capital ? Ikninart,
if determined to resist, and of her detenninatio
there was not the smallest doubt upon his mind, had
ample means for doing so. France might have wet, •
ted Holstein from her ; but her independence, hs
commerce, her capital, and every thing else of value,
would be beyond her power. Having thus shard! Si
given his opinion as to the intentions of Denmark,
and the means possessed by France of controalig
those intentions, he felt himself under the necessityd
claiming the attention of their .Lordships a
ht'.longer, while he noticed some allusions which had lace
made to his conduct and sentiments both in the
House, as he understood, and another place. 1-12 trayted that his conduct, while engaged in the servicservicedcountry, had obtained its approbation. That apprces
Lion he valued too highly to relinquish it easily, and
he therefore felt it incumbent on him to maintain and
preserve it by every means in his power. It was net
by garbled extracts from dispatches that his ccndscto
or that of any person filling a diplomatic or any sev:,
public situation, was to he. judge,;. No : he ;ill,"
claim the privilege of being judged by the wilcil.
tenor of his dispatches, and not by pat ti tl selestio
made for partkular purposes. • 'lii his osm defer 4
therefore, he would enter into a short detail of sae'
transactions previous and subsequent to the, Tre
of Tilsit, in which he was concerned. which wont:.
prove, that he never could have udsered the sentim_ell,
so unjustly attributed to him in anal' r elace. II .
Russian anny, under the immediate cern man I ot usi•stt
Bennigsen, et the beginning cfsht, e; =wilted_
about 70,000. There inert a. ,(:) twci other corp.s,sv"!
oporations were subordinate to thoso ee tee e•ao alls.;:
e•:
consisting altogether of about 50,000rucn. upoilese;..,
the French brought at least 1t30,)C0 men to bear. i',
thing was so dlfficult as to ascertain the precise straar. i
of great armies, as there was always so material
~ • and tat
ferenze between the numbers upon pacers , 4 .
effective force in the field ; but he was perseitu°""
the contrary, be made his calculation on • tkst
ti'
had not over-rated the arnouat of the French. CI
lowest scale. Was it therefore surprising that, '
such an immense superiority, and so cendecteate,_
• es) zee,
latter should have prevailed over the Reseas • ~
a series of sanguinary actions, the Russ,ans ores
Nevi
Niemen on the 14th of June,with a loss of 40, 1°:
....In the ciaurse of the preceding eleven..cWs..4°..,_7e
than 1848 bfficers and 27 Generals were eitherlou,
wounded. Prussia came forward with ail the sir
tend force that reoaa.ined to her, " too certahri al A'

ce;eeve
t in the I
heir La
Tilsit'
have
pen. had n
una
o his In'
iter
. but
rte h
av was

allena!
-wards thl
t~ehad it
9th of Jul
Ire on tl

him,

kee. Th
had not
tr the 1.

p,mpero!
ned his
hat in. d

to re
ited.
icient

mi ; ti
'gland

nedi ark
curried

imew of
he attei
posed.".
intervie
him WI
BiS Lq
Govern
lie rep
vecolle,
be Con
I•
to ma
'that t 1
ar.4_ D
charm
tee th
were i
Bute,
it Not
Oran

In
'll
nip

a

I.oro 11,v
r 11bably to-m
I.ortl GREI
3'lqtkid move f
The Duke
could pay to t
to be, ex pediet
four dibtinct
jvction would
out any comr
[llse three
dee4 of such
l‘linisters at
tions on the
These heir
The Du
• • the vast pt
the Danisl
whole cou•
was to be
no longer
that nothi'
b:
project ; a
gent woul
fact ? \Va
tained ? (
ciples du
utterly al
seized, w
ble neces
necessity
vindicatii
where th
view of t
the Decl
• which ht
vernmen
vice of
tare to s
strumen
been pre
had beet
failed, a
quent of
necessit;
with wi!
the effot
losses
preponC
possessi
sion ice
and inn
dition
He did
to satisl
that th
ciency
dente;
capture
within I
danger
power
were th
• should
no sucl
had cot
thing
rniscon
yet, if
quest
sed a f
have b
ultima
rnilitai
rine wr,
object
void t"
rnical
of the
assert
power
them
them
and tl
• ciple,
applic
could
the c
Denr
sion,
• sia, f
most
ritim
1)0".'
tant
niste
displ
all
calu
Hs
was
con
and
he
bar
po••
pre
ri
mi.
1 ' the
hu
411
tV
sal
ra