The Sun.
London, England, 1842-02-02 00:00:00

„-...~-~w..

and perhaps intelligent men, of the priesthood
began to look into the efficiency of the Church.
Their own tenets, which led them to look on it
as the source of authority and social order, com-
bined with this change of the public mind,
forced the investigation on them, and forced
them to the conclusion that there was something
erroneous either in the doctrines or discipline of
the Church, which was the cause of its failure
as a great means of creating and preserving in
the mind the sentiment of reverence for autho-
rity. The opinions of the sect grew up, there-
fore, from apolitical change. It had more of a
political than a religious origin, and it keeps in
view a political purpose. It sprung from the
obvious decay of priestly power and influence,
and the ambitious and selfish object of its
founders is to revive in the hearts of men a great
respect and reverence for that authority of which
they claim to be the possessors.
These good and learned men perhaps have not
yet reflected on the fact which their doctrines
and "exertions to promote improvement in the
Church makes apparent to more worldly persons.
With infidels and Dissenters they share the
opinion, though they may not avow it, that the
Church, as how organised, is a total failure.
Many persons will differ from them as to the
means of effecting a reform, who will hail with
rapture the practical testimony of their conduct
to the inefficiency of the Establishment.
They are not, however, singular in serving the
purposes of their opponents. There are no sects
in the Church, be they Evangelicals or Pu-
seyites, no party in the Conservative ranks, be
they Moderate or ultra-Tories,—do they demand
the aid of the State to increase the Church, or
call on the Church to extend out of its own
funds the means of instructing the people,—are
they merely the enemies of our factory sys-
tem, and content themselves with recommend-
ing a Short Time Bill; or do they propose to
raze our towns, and stop the growth of the
manufacturing population,—there is no party,
and no persons, in the Conservative ranks, who do
not now, like the Puseyites, virtually condemn
some of our institutions, or some part of society,
us it at present exists, by proposing alterations,
and what they call improvements.
Some of them content themselves by demand-
ing laws to restrict the use of machinery, or to
tax it--:-others admit that at least a change
must be made in the Corn-law averages ; some
object altogether to the representative system—
others only ask for the admission into the House
of Commons, of one hundred Members, by some
rotten borough contrivance : but they all share
the sceptical, unquiet spirit of the times, as well
as. Whigs, Liberals, and Dissenters. Like
other men, they have lost all reverence for the
things which are, and demand some change.
Their conduct demonstrates their hypocrisy.
The name "Conservatives" is a fraud, and their
conduct proves that Conservatism 'is an impossi-
bility. The only substantial difference between
them and their opponents is the direction in
which the changes shallhe made, and by whose
hands. The Puseyites are extreme Conserva-
tives, and they demand an extensive reform
in. the actual practices of the Church, to be
made by the priesthood.
The main fact on which their system is based,
is the decay of authority, which they desire to
restore. It has no other link to connect it with
society. They assume, of course, the necessity
of their authority. A belief that it is beneficial
is ground into them from the beginning of their
education, and forms a part of their second
nature. What they aim at, is a restoration of
passed away observances, as a means of restoring
authority. The Reformation was a great blow
to that priesthood in whose hands is the apos-
tolical succession, and one of the cardinal novel-
ties of the Puseyites is to censure the Reforma-
tion as an act of undutiful obedience.
They wish to carry the Church and the people
back towards Rome, to which they owe their
power. Hence their praise and admiration of
HILDEBRAND and GREGORY, the builders up of
priestly power, and their censure of RiDLEv and
LATIMER, who struck it a heavy blow. At, the
bottom of their proceedings lies no conviction
more sacred than that authority has decayed,
no truth more general than their own fears of
its still further decay. They trace the present
weakness of the priesthood to the Reformation,
and they hope to expiate their predecessors'
sins by a return to respect and dutiful obedience.
In recognising the power of Rome, they aim at
consolidating their own.
When the priesthood was most powerful, the
members of the body were unmarried. They
devoted all their energies to the aggrandisement
of their order and the extension of its influence.
On this account the Puseyites now recommend
the celibacy of the clergy, and sneer at allowing
sacred duties to be interrupted by the cares of a
wife , and family. For the same reason they
praise monachism, and are inclined to re-esta-
blish monasteries. The Romish priesthood used
many ceremonials to blind and deceive the
people : the Puseyites insist on restoring all that
are mentioned in the Prayer-book, though dis-
used in practice; and they wish to introduce
fresh ones, consecrated by the practice of Rome.
They ask for daily prayers, and insist on fasts-
Protestantism recognises, in words, if not in
deeds, the right of private jndgment ; the Pusey-
ites, therefore, stigmatise Protestantism as anti-
Christian. To go forward from Rome is still
more than at present to throw off the priestly
power ; and the Tractarians on this account, too,
prefer going backwards. We need not give any
more specimens of the one leading idea of
Puseyism. As it is based on a perception of the
decay of authyrity, so all its innovations, on pre-
tence of restoring the true Catholic Universal
Church, tend to the one object, of restoring and
strengthening the authority of the present suc-
cessors of the Apostles.
We have been censured in a provincial journal
fbr making too light of the Puseyites, and we are
assured that they are earnest and learned men,
who will not be snubbed by Sir ROBERT PEEL,
nor cease their exertions till they have obtained a
victory.. In the Established Church we are in-
clined to believe that they will have great power,
but out of the Church we doubt whether they
can ever gain any influence. They may grind
their nostrums into the tender mind of some suck

ties upon the .Address. The speech of M. Mr,
LOUT; and 'the acclamations_ which interrupted
its dellvety- from the Left, extremely disconcerted
the second-rate men of the Cabinet. M. BILLouT
told the Chamber some wholesome truths, arid
the Ministers admitted, by their uneasiness;
that they felt their application very keenly.
He said that - three institutions were the
practical results of two great Revolutions,
one of which had shook the very frame-work of
European society. These institutions were—
the Freedom of the Press, Trial by Jury, and
the National Guards. The National Guards,
when not the obsequious tools of the Court,
were now treated with indifference, because the
Government had learned to derive support. on all
occasions from the troops of the line. The Li-
berty of the Press was a mockery. Ministerial
circulars invited to prosecutions of the press in
terms scandalous in a free country, and even in
cases where there could exist no hope of a con-
viction. Of the latter fact, the Hon. Deputy
-cited numerous instances. Eight journals were
threatened with prosecutions in one day, yet not
one of them was brought to trial, the Government
being sensible that they had committed no. of-
fence. Journalists had been dragged to prison
chained by the neck, who were subsequently
acquitted of the shadow of an offence by
Juries—the- object of the Government being'
to goad them into some violation of the Septem-
ber Laws. But these enormities fell short of in-
voking the aid of an irresponsible body, like the
Chamber of Peers. The Court of Peers was the
only irresponsible body in France, and yet its
members were called in to persecute men whose
alleged offences were not found to come within
the operation of any criminal enactments. And
such was the rancour with which the Court of
Peers undertook this base office, that it had con-
verted
the printers of Journals into censors of
their contents, as otherwise they dreaded incur-
ring the vengeance of this terrible and irrespon-
sible tribunal. As regarded Trial by Jury, the
Hon. Deputy demonstrated that it existed only
in name. The Jury lists were prepared by the
tools of Government in such a way as to exclude
from them almost every man opposed to the
existing order of things. Both in the capi-
tal and the provinces Jurymen were as carefully
selected as Prefects on account of their political
opinions. The Jury list for the capital for the
present year contained 1,500 names, of whom just
one-third were persons in the service of the Go-
vernment.

This speech, of which the above is a mere
outline, created an - extraordinary sensation
in the Chamber. The Left cheered it, and
altogether the excitement was extreme. The
Minister of Justice attempted La reply,
which only made matters worse. He defended
the prosecution of the Journals, but denied that
lie was influenced by unconstitutional motives.
He eulogized the firmness, the impartiality, and
the patriotic services of the Court of Peers,

which was replied to by a shout of derisive
laughter. M. BILLOUT having stated, on the
authority of a Judge and Deputy, M. ISAMBERT,

that the Government had addressed a letter to
Riotn, recomniending the packing ofJuries, the
Minister of Finance gave the statement a flat
Contradiction, adding that, if such were the case,
the Learned Judge understood his duty too well
to reveal the secrets of the Government. Hereupon
M. ISAMBERT rose, and said that he bad read the
letter, that he had communicated its purport to
M. BILLOUT, and that in so doing he con-
ceived that he was performing only his
duty as a Deputy. M. PORTALIS, another
Judge, started up, and applauded the
conduct of M. ISAMBERT, and declared that if
similarly circumstanced he would do the same.
M. ODILON BARROT took the same view of M.
ISAMBERT'S conduct, and thanked him, in the
name of his friends, for his faithful discharge
of his duty to the Chamber. The Cabinet
and the Peers will not soon forget M. Bile.
LOUT'S speech on Friday last, however the
Journal des Debuts of Sunday may affect to
sneer at it. A Correspondent assures us that
it produced a sort of panic at Court, that se-
veral regiments were under arms, and that at
one time an insurrection was seriously appre-
hended. Moderate men begin now to think that

the greatest enemy of the ORLEANS dynasty is
really its basest and most subservient tool—the
Chamber of Peers.

The Paris Journals are exceedingly desti-
tute of news, with the exception of the items
of intelligence given in our Foreign Summary.
The Address of the Chamber of Deputies was to
be presented to the KING on Sunday evening,
and at Monday's sitting the Minister of Finance
was to bring forward his Budget. •
The Augsburg Gazette, in a letter published under the
head of—" Frontiers of Poland, 18th January," gives
curious details of the denationalisation of Poland; every
thing in that unfortunate country, every day assumes
more and more a Russian aspect. No accounts are kept
except in roubles and copecs ; on the great roads, the
distances are marked only in versts. Very recently,
bank-notes have been issued of the Value of three silver
roubles, equivalent to twenty Polish flomins. These notes
look very well ; the value is narked on the back in Eng-
lish, French, and German. Warsaw (says the letter, in
conclusion) will be very brilliant this winter ; the seve-
ral classes a society which can mix together rival each
other in giving fetes, for the Russians and Poles have
this in common that they are all extravagantly fond of
pleasure.—Constitationnei.

Madrid Journals of the 23d ult. have been re
ceived. A stormy debate on the Address stil

occupied the Cortes. A project of law was also
laid before them for preventing all appeals to
Rome, and virtually making the Sovereign of
SPAIN head of the Spanish Church. This pro-
posed law will create a great ferment, not only
in Spain, but at Rome.

Mr. MACAULAY, Mr. SHIEL,and the other
dashing 7iterateurs• of the late Ministry, whose
splendid talents received from the nation,through
the Liberal party, a rich reward, have been en-
gaged, we have no doubt, during the recess, in
intense study of the great questions which now
_agitate the community, and will be prepared,
when Parliament meets, to throw a flood of light
on whatever is doubtful or obscure. They have
not, as far as we are aware, contributed anything
to the Liberal cause since the Parliament was
dismissed, and we conjecture, therefore, that
they have been secretly, and in retirement, ap-
plying their minds with all diligence to the sub-
jects in dispute. Parliament is about to open, and
we shall look for a great blaze of illumination
from the learned men and great orators of our
party.

ing statesman, who has the same desire to restore
authority, and the same consciousness of its de-
cay as the Puseyites, and, therefore, makes of

a heap of unsightly laws a " national conscience ;"
but they never will gain any great and lasting in-

fluence over the people.

Who ever saw a race of men return from com-
fortable cleanly dwellings to the smoke-filled
hovels of their ancestors? When did a people
give up printing and retake themselves to the cir-
culation of knowledge by writing? At what
period of man's history has he wilfully given up
the knowledge and comforts of civilisation for the
ignorance and discomforts of barbarism ? If there
be no examples of such a retrograde progress how
can it be rationally expected that they should
now sacrifice their own will, of which men in
general'are so tenacious, to restore the dominion

of exploded priestcraft?
Mankind, all over the world, and through all
time, have experienced much mischief from sub-
mission to the priesthood, which will be a com-
plete guarantee against the revival of their power
by the instrumentality of the Puseyites. The
decay of authority, against which they are striv-
ing, is the natural and necessary consequence of
the conviction of the mischief of unbounded sub-
mission. • There are no facts in the present con-

di tion of society which at all correspond to those
fitets in its condition on which the power of the

Romish priesthood was originally built; and
learning ten thousand times greater than that of
the Puseyites, and sincerity ten thousand times
more sincere than their worldly-minded convic-

ions, cannotaccoraplish that restoration of autho-

rity at which the Puseyites aim.

The French Ministerial Journals are as savage
as the Opposition papers are delighted with
Friday's debate in the French Chamber of Depu-

VIE SUN, LONDON3_ WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1842.

AND

W ho runs may read."

ronExpiv.

SUMMARY OF 11 E. IV

Zit biter aptitOn.

Marshal Soult is reported in private letters.from Paris
:to be extremely ill of dropsy on the chest. The Marshal's
hotel was on. Sunday thronged with visitors to learn the
state of his health. What conflicting hopes and fears
crowd the anti-chamber of a sick minister!
The King fixed Sunday evening for receiving the Ad-
dress of the Chamber of Deputies. How our Agnewites,
with the Bishop of London and the Magistracy of Edin-
burgh at their head, would rail if this breach of the Sab-
bath, instead of being committed by a King and the re-
presentatives of his kingdom, was imitated at an immea-
surable distance by some poverty-stricken retailer of
lollilops ! Suppose the King a vender of sugar-candy
and the Deputies an assembly of urchins in possession of
a farthing a piece of pocket-money, what a pious hubbub
would be raised by the Saints.
A letter from the frontiers of Poland, of the let of
January, contradicts the statements respecting the re-
cent defeat ofthe Russians by the Circassians. On the
contrary, it asserts that the Circassians have sustained
great reverses, which the Russian Cabinet attributes to
the absence of British agents, none of whom are now to be
found is that country. What is> our old friend Daoud
Bey (Mr. David Uquhart) about ? Having disposed
of Lord Palmerston to his entire satisfaction, how hap-
pens it that his protecting shield is not thrown over his
old friends, inhabiting the extensive range of the Cau-
casian mountains ?
The French Minister of Finance was to bring his budget
forward on Monday. In his preamble he says that he is
following up the operation of a loan. France, after fifty
years of revolution, of success, and reverses, has bor-
rowed at an interest of 3f. 91c., whilst Austria negotiates
under par its Five per Cent. Metallics, whilst Russia gets
an offer of but 87 for a Four per Cent. loan, and when
Holland issues her Two-and-a-Half per Cents. but at 51
and 52. It was demonstrated to him, that with the 150
millions borrowed, joined with the issue of Treasury Bonds
and other means, all expenses, now foreseen might be met
for two years to come, without further loan or precaution.
The war budget, including Algeria, deniands
295,909,733 francs, for an effective of 344,000 men, and
84,288 horses. Of these 44,000 are for Algeria. A com-
pany per battalion being suppressed, 100,000 men more
will pass in to the reserve of 1843, and a reduction of
13,395 horses will be successively realized. These re-
ductions, with other economy, will produce a diminution
of expense 0f.32,656,892 francs.
The 35,740,000 francs allotted to public works in 1842
will be so employed.
The budget of the navy amounts to 98,763,026 f., com-
prising 4,440,000 f. for works, and 2,400,000 f. for steam •
packet boats. Between the navy budget of 1842, and
the present one for 1843, there is a difference of
37,278,588 f. Reductions are to be realised by a dimi-
nution of the effective of ships' crews, and of the number
of armed ships, and of colonial fortifications. The esta-
blishment of steam-boats between Havre and New York
not having been realised, no credit is required. The
Government will, however, undertake to establish these
vessels.
Madrid letters of the 23d inst. state that a law has
been presented to the Cortes, forbidding all recurrence to
Rome for mass, dispensations, &c. The prelates. of the
kingdom are alone to exercise this right, according to
the Council of Trent.. Nuncios are forbidden to reside
in Spain. No money is to be sent to the Court of
Rome. Rome is to be allowed no right of confirming
ecclesiastical appointments. This point is to be settled
according to the 6th canon of the 12th Council ofToledo.
Exile is to be the punishment of the prelate who shall
seek confirmation in the pallium at Rome.
PUBLIC OPINION.
The Morning Herald observes that it is hardly pos-
sible to overrate the importance of Mr. Gregory's return
for the city of Dublin, and adds, " In his own strong-
hold—thus early in the career of his magisterial and
civil authority, and after all his unscrupulous efforts to
swamp the constituency with pitchforked freemen—we
behold the champion of agitation and sedition signally
defeated in the rejection of such a candidate as Lord
Morpeth. All the respect which the personal character
of that nobleman justly commands—all the popularity
which his courteous and obliging demeanour in office was
so well calculated to secure for him among the citizens
of all classes in Dublin, have not availed, to save his
Lordship's election, when it was felt that his return
would be incompatible with the spirit of Earl De Grey's
Government, and the certain progression of Irish prospe-
rity under the administration of Sir Robert Peel.
The Post has an article on the subject of the difficul-
ties against which Sir .Robert Peel's -Government will
have to contend ; in the course of which it remarks:—
" His disadvantages arise out of the wretched state of
the national affairs bequeathed to him by his predeces-
sors. The revenue of the country has been thrown
away, and it must be built up again. There is a- great'
accumulation on the wrong side of the account, which
must, in some way or another, be cleared off. And
these financial difficulties -must be contended with, at a
time when the manufactures and commerce of the coun-
try are remarkably depressed. Here, again, we trace
the bad management of those who, having reformed'
the Parliament in a violent hurry, did not know what to
do with it when the steady work of statesmanship had to
be attended to."
The Times, discussing the question' of the mutineers
of the slave-ship Creole, says:—" By what possible right
can we claim to exempt certain crimes from the class of
murder, because committed in assertion of what would
have been the criminals' rights if they had been born or
transferred into English jurisdiction ? We might as
well call him honest who refused to pay a French debt
because it would have been barred in England by the
Statute of Limitations. Whatever difficulties there may
be in adopting the principle of the delivery of fugitive
criminals, whether in general or arising from our present
relati9ns with America, all which we are far from under-
rating, we certainly cannot urge on behalf of these men
the plea of not guilty.' "
The Advertiser remarks in an article on the injurious
effects of party-spirit ;—" The party names of Whig and
Tory have sufficed to set society together by the ears ;
and while the people have been cuffing and cudgelling
each other, for the sound of a mere name, those who
fomented the strife have been gloating over the spoil.
The thing called Government has hitherto been em-
ployed to impoverish the, productive millions for the ag-
grandisement of a luxurious' aristocracy."
The Chronicle thus accounts for the success of the
Tory Candidate at the Dublin election :—" In the result
of the city of Dublin election, the Tory journals discern
'a reaction' in favour of their party. A gang of
swindlers, chuckling over the success of a professional
enterprise, might as well say that it was a reaction'
in favour of being plundered, that enabled them to lay
hands upon the property of their victim. The Dublin
election has been won by the combined influence of
fraud, bribery, and intimidation, carried to lengths so
scandalous as to render it impossible for Parliament to
pass over the matter in silence.
MONEY—TRADE—COIVINEEFLCE.
At a large public meeting, on Monday, held at the White
Conduit House Tavern, relative to the present position of
the strike of the masons, it was stated that the strike
had now continued twenty weeks, and of the 375 per-
sons who composed it, only five had proved false. Messrs.
Wakley and Feargus O'Connor addressed the meeting,
upon the resolutions which were passed, thanking the
quarrymen for firmly refusing to cut stone for Messrs.
Grissell and Peto ; while another resolution stated it to
be clearly proved that Government had determined to
oppress the working classes.
3COCLESI.A.STIC.A.L.
The new synagogue in Burton-street, Burton-crescent,
was consecrated on Thursday with much ceremony.
Among the worshippers present were—Mr. H. Monte-
fiore, Mr. F. Goldamid, Mr. A. Mocatta, and a great
many branches of their families. The rolls of the Mo-
saic law were deposited in the ark, which is of a simple
but neat construction.
NAVAL AND MILITARY.
On Monday accounts were received at Lloyd's from
Falmouth, stating that the crew off the brigantine
schooner Brisk, had carried the vessel out of the har-
bour to sea, on Thursday last, without the captain, and
that every-means had been taken to trace the vessel
without success. She had on board a cargo valued al
2,0004 and was a fine ship, about 190 tons burden. •
The field batteries at Woolwich were on the Common
several hours on Monday, firing and going through va-
rious evolutions, preparatory to a grand field day on
Friday.