The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-27 00:00:00

*troiol2tittton

SUN OFFICE Three o'Cluck.

The line of policy which the King of PRUSSIA
has pursued since his accession to the Throne
holds out bright prospects for his country, and
furnishes an example which cannot fail to excite
the envy, and perhaps the fear, of the adjoining
States. He has been the most active agent in
forming the German Commercial League, which,
if we may judge from the enthusiasm it created
among many millions speaking the same language,
will be followed by important political results, and
raise up in time a powerful confederacy, able and
willing to defend their rights against all aggres-
sors. The merciful disposition he is known to
entertain towards Poland has not only increased
his authority in that country, but among his
own subjects, and all civilized States. This ge-
nerous and noble conduct has been followed by
a liberal line of policy within his own dominions,
in summoning yearly the States-General to
deliberate on questions submitted to them by
the KING'S Ministers. Though the questions
for discussion will be left to the
Government, and the decisions of the
Chambers may either be adopted or rejected
by the SOVEREIGN, it cannot be denied that he
has made a most important concession to public'
opinion, and commenced a system which may
lead at length to the fulfilment of all the pro-
mises made by his father. In fact these Provincial
States form at present, to a certain extent, a Parlia-
ment for determining what are the wants most ge-
nerally felt in the country, discussing subjects of
trade, commerce, and the general interests of the
different provinces; and, above all, for conveying
advice to the Executive on great administrative
questions. In the paternal speech addressed
to them by the KING, through his Mi-
nister, at the opening of the sessions on
the 19th, there is much to admire; and we re-
commend it to to the especial attention of our
Legislators, who pass laws only for certain class-
interests, without the slightest regard for the ge-
neral good of the great community. " Un-
doubtedly," said the KING, " there will be ex-
pressed in this assembly various opinions, and,
as occurs amongst men, they will be defended
forcibly; but that very fact is necessary in order that
it may be well ascertained what is required
for the general good. But when contrary
opinions, arising from the particular interests of
each province, or from the different manner in
which the subject is looked at, shall be arrayed
against each other, let it always be considered a
brotherly competition, maintained with a view
to the well-being of Prussia, which is in common
dear to all—let the friendly conflict always take
place with a conviction that you are assembled
here as members of the same political body,
and the faithful subjects of the same King."
The prudence displayed by the KING in thus
preparing his people for a representative govern-
ment, also deserves great praise, and forms a
most remarkable contrast to that of some other
rulers, who make Constitutions in a few days,
and jump at once from despotism to the oppo-
site extreme. If a similar plan had been
adopted in Sicily, Naples, and other Italian
States, the jealousy of the despotic Governments
of Austria and Russia would not have been
roused, and advances might have been made in.
legislation and in general improvements, which
could not fail to have the best effects on the con-
dition of the people. Every friend of liberty
and good government, therefore, must rejoice
at the change which has taken place
in Prussia, not on account of that king-
dom only, but for its effects on the
sovereigns and people of the surrounding
States. If the system work well, it cannot
long be confined to one kingdom, but must ex-
tend to Austria and even Russia, carrying with
it the blessings of civilization, and attaching the
people to their rulers by the most effective of all
bonds—those of esteem, gratitude, and love.

Private correspondence from Alexandria, dated
the 6th inst., announces the return of the Egyp-
tian fleet to that port on the 29th ult., after a
cruise of 27 days. On the following day the Ad-
miral, SAID PACHA, proceeded into Lower
Egypt to inspect his villages there. InnAxill
PACHA had previously gone in the same direc-
tion, but MEHEMET ALI remained at Alexandria
to celebrate the month of the Ramazan, a period
of fasting and prayer. The Pacha had disposed
of 10,000 ardebs of wheat, and a like quantity of
beans, to M. ROSETTI. The disease amongst the
oxen had caused dreadful losses, 84,000 of those
animals having perished throughout Egypt.
The Pacha had in consequence been obliged to
send three regiments of artillery, with their
horses, to his farms, in order to assist in tilling
the ground. He had likewise imported a num-
ber of horses from Tarsus, which were
conveyed by two frigates to Alexandria,
and were intended for the same destination. An
extraordinary robbery was committed at Alex-
andria on the 28th ult. The palace of OSMAN
PACHA, the Commander of the Viceroy's guards,
was entered by some thieves, who stole the
General's decoration, his sabre, and 10,000
piastres. The delinquents had not been disco-
vered. The French engineer MANor.r. had re-
ported to the Viceroy that the plan of canalizing
the Nile was much more practicable than he at
first expected. It was the Paella's intention to
have sluices fixed at Rosetta and Damietta to
prevent the water of the sea flowing into the
Nile. A sluice was likewise intended to be
made at Atfe, where the canal of Mahmoudieh
communicates with the Nile, by which means
boats might proceed from Alexandria to. Cairo
directly. The French steamer Cameleon ar-
rived at Alexandria on the 4th inst., having on
board 100 pilgrims from Algeria on their way
to Mecca. This act of policy on the part of the
French Government bad created a deep impres-
sion on the Mussulmans of Alexandria. A new
bank had been formed at Alexandria, under the
title of ISMALUN, VALENSIN, and Co., with a ca-
pital of 65,000 dollars.
The Smyrna papers of the 9th inst. state, that
the Austrian frigate Venere, bearing Admiral
BANDEIRA'S flag, arrived at Smyrna, from Syria,
on the 4th inst., and the British corvette Ma-
gicienne returned to Vourla, from a short cruise
along the adjoining coast, on the Bth. M. CLE-
MENT BOULANGER, a French painter, who accom-
panied M. TEXIER in his exploration of the ruins
of Magnesia, died of an attack of brain fever on
the 28th ult. The English steamer Iberia, be-
longing to the Peninsular and Oriental Company,
touched at Smyrna on the 4th, coming from
ConstantinOple. She had on board a valuable
cargo, and no less than 260 cases of silk.
Advices • from Athens of the- 10th inst. an-

nounce the return of the KING and QUEEN On
the 9th, from a short tour through the Islands.
Rumours of a change in the Cabinet were afloat,
but were not considered well-founded. Two new
journals had made their appearance at Patrap.
In their first number, they called upon the
KING to fulfil the promise he made on his ac-
cession to the throne, to give a Constitution to
Greece, and on the protecting Powers, but par-
ticularly England, to insist on the accomplish-
ment of a pledge which they had guaranteed.

The Iberia steamer reached Athens on the 6th,
and proceeded the same day on her voyage to
Malta.

Madrid papers and letters of the 17th and 18th
have been received. The Eco del Comereio of
the former date publishes a long reply to the
necrological article on DIEGO LEON, contained
in the Herald° of the 16th. It likewise expresses
deep sympathy for the fate of " that brave offi-
cer," but with this difference, that it considers
his condemnation perfectly legal, and then calls
on the vanquished of September to sacrifice their
rancour and resentment on the altar of the
country, and to rally round the throne of ISA-
BELLA IL—" a course which would more speed-
ily promote the reconciliation of all Spaniards
than angry and futile recriminations."
It appears that the Financial embarrassments
of the Captain-General of Catalonia become
greater every day, and that dispatches pour into
Madrid, requiring the Government to transmit
funds. Two Cabinet Councils have been held on
this grave affair, but they have produced no sa-
tisfactory result.

The Infant Don FRANCISCO DE PAULA and his
family were very popular in Saragossa. On the
14th a serenade was given to the Prince by the
chasseurs of the first battalion of militia, one of
whom sang verses to the, tune of the Jota Ara-
gonesa, in which each stanza was concluded by
these words :—" Count upon our swords ; should
any one attempt to sow disunion among us, come
to Saragossa, brave Infant of SPAIN."
On the 17th the Three per Cents. were done
at 211 at 69 days, and the Five per Cents. at
261, 27, 27A- at 60 days. The debt bearing no
interest sold for 5 9-16, at 60 days ; and on the
following day the Five per Cents. were done at
26 7-16 for cash, and 27 at 60 days.

We have received Paris papers of Monday and
Tuesday, but they contain little political news of
importance. The intended review of several re-
giments by the KING on Monday was put off, as
is alleged, on account of the bad weather ; a de-
gree of consideration, says one of the journals,
rarely displayed for soldiers, even in campaign.
On this subject the Presse makes the following
remarks :

" Having, however, for some reason or other re-
called the order that the troops should hold themselves
in readiness to be reviewed, the King sent for the
corps of officers to the Tuileries, and received them in
the Salle des Marechaux. His Majesty, surrounded
by the Dukes de Nemours and Montpensier, his aides-
de-camp, and several general officers, expressed his
regret that the unfavourable state of the weather should
have deprived him of the pleasure of seeing the troops.
His Majesty then distributed, with his own hand, the
decorations granted to the different officers and sub-
officers of the 39th and 65th of the line, which regi-
ments are about to change their garrison, together
with some officers and non-commissioned officers of
the Municipal Guard and the gendarmerie de la Seine.
The King enjoys most excellent health. The general
and superior officers had the honour to dine with his
Majesty."

The appointment of General JACQUEMINOT to
the Command-in-Chief of the Paris National
Guard, is loudly condemned by the Opposition
journals. The oaths were administered to him in
the KING'S closet on Sunday in the usual form.

It would seem from a long article which the
National publishes against the system of military
expeditions pursued by General BUGEAUD in
Algeria, that the French were beginning to tire
of that expensive toy.
" We are far from demanding," says the National,
" that France should abandon her conquests in the
north of Africa : but inasmuch as we appreciate its
importance, we consider it the more necessary to point
out the situation of affairs there, and the expenses that
attend the occupation of Algeria under the present
Government. With respect to the preservation of the
troops employed there, the following fact will serve to
illustrate the system :—,-There exist at the moment we
are writing 24,000 sick in the military hospitals of
Africa. General Bugeaud, in his last expedition
against Ben Salem, had great difficulty in collecting,
out of the 80,000 men under his command, a column
of 3,000 or 4,000 convalescent combatants, and even
to form this small force he was obliged to form one
battalion of sappers, engineers, and artillerymen.
-Within the last twelve years Africa has consumed
70,000 of our troops, the least part of whom fell
under the balls of the Arabs : the remainder died
under the influence of the burning sun, the frosty
nights, and the pestilential marshes of Algeria.
These are, we confess, enemies difficult to combat
but it would have been certainly very possible to
have rendered their effects less fatal by adopting a
more rational system of war. It may be said that
the troops which incurred those chances in the moun-
tains of the Atlas have at least acquired experience in
the art of war, and so become an element of force for
France. No doubt good soldiers and excellent officer 3
are formed in Africa, but the following fact will
prove that the army, notwithstanding the kepys with
which some regiments are adorned, is not much re-
cruited by the warriors of Africa. Last year, out of
10,000 sick which left hospitals in Algeria, 2,000 only
could rejoin their regiments. Those facts are not to
be found in the bulletins destined to obtain the staff
of Field-Marshal or the epaulettes of General for the
favourites at the Tuileries ; but it is necessary that
the French nation should be informed of these details,
in order to know the value and the expense of the
system pursued for the last 12 years."
The Paris papers publish the address of the
General on taking the command of the National
Guards, in which he expresses his regret at
Marshal GERARD'S retirement, and declares his
determination to follow in his footsteps, calling
for the co-operation of his comrades to support
the glorious revolution of 1830, and reminding
the citizen soldiers that he had requested Gene-
ral CARBONEL to act as chief of the Staff, as that
officer had been in the same situation under
General LAFAYETTE in 1830.

"It would appear," says the Revue de Paris," that
the political difficulties which have arisen between us
and England are not drawing to a close. We were
too hasty in thinking that England had definitively
given up all hope of our ratifying the treaty of 1841,
and in announcing that, the protocol being finally
closed, the other Powers had recognised that
France was no longer a party to the treaty.
Matters, however, are not so far advanced. Lord
Cowley, on his return from London a few days
ago, is said to have declared, in the name
of his Government, that the protocol was still con-
sidered open, and to have demanded if it were true
that the French Government intended to suffer the
Conventions of 1831 and 1833 to fall into disuse. The
warrants delivered by France to British crui3ers, are
only available until February 1843. The English
Cabinet, it seems, cannot conceive that France
should refuse to execute the treaty of 1833.' Thus
matters rest. Ministers seem well convinced that the
ratification of the treaty of 1841 is impossible, and
we are sure that they have no intention of ratifying
it, but they have not yet considered themselves justi-
fied in making a categorical declaration respecting the
Conventions of 1831 arid 1833."

The Semaphore de Marseilles of the 21st inst.
states that the fourteen Arabian horses sent as a
present to the KING of the FRENCH by the PAcn A
of EGYPT were landed from the Nile steamer on
the preceding day. They are described as re-
markably fine horses, and as having suffered
very little by the passage.
The National states, that commercial failures
in Paris are increasing with alarming rapidity.
Within the first twenty days of the present
month, thirty-seven bankruptcies have been de-
clared by the Tribunal de Commerce.

The Administration of Customs had published
the returns of the imports into France during the
month of Septemb'r last, from which it appears
that the quantity of colonial sugar imported
amounted to 10,800,167 kilogrammes; foreign
sugar to 3,023,008 ; coffee, 2,039,548 ; raw cotton,
4,181,573 ; olive oil, 3,802,213; wool, 2,257,000;
coal, 43,698,539; cast iron, 1,801,916; copper,
1,115,680; indigo, 246,193; hempen and flaxen
thread, 289,055; linen, 234,753, &c.
It was reported on the Bourse on Tuesday that
ALTAROCHE, editor of the Charivari, had
been killed that morning in a duel with a Captain
on the Staff of the National Guard, who chal-
lenged him in consequence of au article in that
paper reflecting upon the choice of General
JACQUEMINOT
,for the command of the Paris