The Sun.
London, England, 1842-06-24 00:00:00

INDIA AND AFFGHANISTAN.

The following is an extract from a letter, dated April 21
1642 :
" Half the population of Hyderabad consists of patans. The
haughty and indomitable spirit they evince in the torrid plains
of India shows what may be expected from their wilder coun
trymen in the hardy regions of Kindoo Koosh. I have taken
great pains to ascertain the sentiments of our neighbours upon
the late events in the land of their ancestors. They are greatly
rejoiced, and feel confident that the Affghans will cause a still
more ignominious defeat to the English reinforcements, who
are for a second time to invade the country. They have heard
that these declare that they would prefer that Affghanistan
' should be entirely depopulated, to having one inhabitant re-
maining who would succumb to the British yoke ; but at the
same time they have gained sn much experience during the last
campaign, that they will iiefeat England by stratagem. as well as
by force ; they will prevent their obtaining food, poison the wells,
kill their horses and camels, &e., in the dead of the night,
when the British slumber ; they will be ever awake to assault
them when least expected, and their favourite boast is that
their land will be covered with the corpses of Englishmen,
and the trees ornamented by their hats. To understand the
popularity of this idea amongst the Mussulmans in India, I
must observe that they designate our countrymen as topey
wallahs (wearers of hats), which term is the ne plus ultra•
of contempt in their estimation. I wish it were possible for
me to convey all this to you in the manner in which a •
Mussulman related it to me—in that manner which renders
all that they say so impressive. He said there was no doubt
of the Affghans doing all they intended, for throughout
India they are famous for their courage and perfidy. The
Mussulman remarked, " The English conquered raany of us
though we are brave men, but the Affghans are like wild
beasts." He then remarked that our discipline, so eseful on
the plains of Hindostan, would he of no avail is the mountain
fastnesses near Caubul. I parricularly asked the Mussulman
to tell me his real opinions and those of the patans. You will
see by the few words I have repeated to you how well they rea-
son, and that, instead of being mere fanatics, as people all them,
they blend profound designs with the enthusiasm necessary to
stimulate them to vigorous action.
We have just heard of an alarming rebellion at Jubbalpeor,
which is in the Company's territory, to the north of Nagpore
and the south of Benares. Troops have been ordered from both
these places, but they are each nearly 300 miles from Jubbul-
poor, so it will take some time for them to reach it ; and there
has already been great destruction of life and property. The
insurrection is attributed entirely to the regiments fotinerly
there having been sent on to Affghanistan, with the exception
of a small detachment. Lord Auckland never would believe
experienced people, who told him the British rule was not
popular ; he assured them that it was regarded with the great-
est affection by our Indian subjects ; he was still more billy
I convinced of this with regard to Affghanistan.'

_ .
The Marseilles Journals of the 13th inst, give an
account of a severe thunder storm, which visited that place on
the afternoon of Saturday last. The electric fluid struck the
barracks of La Corderie, but without causing any real damage,
and passed torough the room of a house in which five persons
were sitting, without injuring either of than. In the port, a
Brazilian vessel was struck, but received no other injury than
the fracturing of a top-mast. Near the Moulin de St. Louis,
the fluid struck three men who were at work; two of them
were not much injured, but the third appeared. for some time.
to be dead, and when he returned to life, it was found that all,
his limbs were horribly contracted. A dreadful Calamity oc-
curred in the roadstead. Nine persons, who were in a beat, on
a fishing excursion, were endeavouring to reach the land, as
the storm was increasing in violence every moment, when the
boat was struck by lightning, and five, out of the nine persona
on board were killed. The boat having taken fire, the other
four must have been drowned, if some fishermen had not put off
to their assistance. During the storm the rain fell at intervals
in such abundance, that the city and its Agility wri, almost
inuuciatel,

All Advertisements of a Disgusting Character,
or Xinmoral Tendency, are excluded from
the Columns of "The Sun."

and abroad, without any extraordinary means. The
army is in a good condition; the navy is sufficient for
all present useful purposes; the police is effective; the
magistracy are vigilant ; and all the functions of the
Executive are diligently performed. If there be aught
to complain of, it is that the Government meddles too
much; thoughlts "motives be humane. We desiderate,
too, that the Government should trouble itself less
about other nations ; but with these exceptions, the
Executive Government not only administers the law
firmly and impartially, but where its discretion is' re-
lied on it acts discreetly and prudently.
Though this is a fair description of the Executive
Government, and completely exonerates her MAJESTY
from all blame on account of the condition of the
people, the Government, considered as a whole, is ne-
vertheless responsible for the terrible calamities which
now oppress the lower classes. In truth it combines
both the legislative and the executive powers, and it is
by making laws, not by executing them, that it causes
these evils. The theory of our Constitution is the
complete separation of the legislative from the execu-
tive powers (and many fine sentences have been
turned to show that the Constitution would be over-
thrown when the Legislature was more corrupt than
the Executive) ; but the practice of our Constitution
is to unite both the legislative and executive powers
in the hands of the same Minister. The instant he
ceases, to control the Legislature he is obliged to resign
his post as Minister. Sir. ROBERT PEEL, for example,
and his Cabinet, are exclusively the authors of the
Income-tax, the present Corn-law, and the Tariff; and
they will carry these laws into execution. We re-
peat, therefore, as a truth of some importance, that
the executive power in England executes the laws
fairly and honestly, and it is the legislative power,
placed in the hands of the same Ministers who wield
the executive power, by which the evils we suffer are
caused.

It would be inexcusable, in fact, in any Minister
who can govern the Houses of Parliament, to strive
after any end without their sanction. Why should
he be a tyrant against law, when he can clothe his
will, be it what it may, with the solemn sanction of the
law ? Why, for example, should he summon the Lon-
don bankers, and compel them, on pain of imprison-
ment, or banishment, or death, to give him any sum
he requires—as the Grand Vizier calls to him the Ar-
menians of Constantinople—when he can, by means of
an obsequious House of Commons, procure a law to
make every man give him 3 per cent. of his income ?
Or why should he trouble himself, like a celebrated Ca-
liph, to visit his city at night to notice that order is
observed, and put an end to licentiousness, when he
can, from apparently the best motives, procure a law
to close all public-houses at any hour he thinks tit ?
It is not the executive, therefore, it is the legislative
power—it is the law itself, not the mode of adminis-
tering it, which is, we conclude, the source of the
public unhappiness.
The complaints of the 'people, at present, consis-
tently with our remarks, are not directed against the
throne, nor against the Ministers as the servants of
the throne, but against class legislation. The laws
are faulty, whether they be the offspring of sordid
selfishness or of ignorance. The Monarch and the mo-
narchical power are the creatures of the laws, and, to
produce prosperity and happiness in the community,

the laws must be amended. That we should imme-
diately have better laws by enlarging the basis of the
constituency, and new forming the Legislature, we
are not prepared to say ; but when we find the bulk
of the people sunk in poverty and wretchedness, we
are driven to the conclusion that even the mob could
not make more injurious laws than those which now
We are somewhat afraid, while the notion is
encouraged that every possible evil can be repressed
or cured by laws, that, by recasting the Legislature,
we should rather effect change than ensure improve-
ment.

exist.

It is now plain that there are too many laws, and
hat a Legislature, consisting of a great body of ac-
;lye, busy, stirring men, such as the two Houses of

Parliament, or such as we should have under any
more popular mode of constructing it, must add to
the evil. For this prurient desire to encumber the
statute-book with new regulations, which is only a
mode of one man meddling with the affairs of an-
other, we confess we know no remedy ; but we hope
something from the conviction of their inutility,
which experience will bring. We shall only hint
further, that laws to protect rights, to do justice be-
tween man and man, are very different from law 3 to
regulate trade. It has been often demonstrated that
trade has laws of its own, while the passions of
man require to be regulated and subdued.
Though it may be necessary, therefore, flr the

la ,vgiver to prescribe and enforce the duties of man
to man, for him to regulate trade is mere-surplusage.
It is a wanton interference with that which nature
has ordained and regulates, by establishing different
climates, and adapting different countries to different
productions. When we are able to keep the law-
maker from interfering with trade, howevei• the
Legislature may be composed, we shall have obtained

the means to relieve the statute-book of a vast num-
ber of unnecessary laws.

In the House of Commons, on Tuesday, Mr. HumE, in
the absence of Mr. `WALLACE, presented a petition,
signed by some hundreds of the inhabitants of the bo-
rough of Paisley, complaining of the change made in the
mode of relieving the starving poor by the Government
Commissioner. As we consider it of great importance
that general attention should be paid to the.cries of the
pour in a season of general distress, we shall proceed to
make our readers acquainted with the .grievances for
which. relief is sought from the House of Commons.
The petitioners state that, for ten months past, thousands
of the most industrious inhabitants of that town, after
selling and pawning every article of wearing apparel that
they could dispose of, have been entirely dependent for
support upon the contributions of the charitable. The
mode of relief was by a Committee composed of the local
magistrates and clergymen, and, of our own knowledge,
we can state, that a more charitable and actively benevo-
lent body of men do not exist than the clergy and ma-
giatracy of Paisley. To spare as much as possible the
feelings of the poor people, many of whom had been in
very respectable circumstances, and hundreds of whom
had never before sought relief, the Committee appointed
tickets to be given to each individual, entitling the
bearer to the small pittance of one shilling and twopence
.a week, being but twopence for daily sustenance. For
this small sum, inadequate to sustain nature, such as were
able to work, were compelled to labour ten hours
daily. Frequent meetings of the starving operatives
were held, and the Committee was petitioned to
increase the weekly allowance. While these
complaints were making, Commissioner TWISLETON
arrived in Paisley to superintend the distribution of the
relief fund. He at once informed the poor people that
relief was only to be given in meal, bread, and potatoes,
and that, if they did not like that, no part of the dona-
tions contributed by the QUEEN and her Ministers were
. to be advanced. The humiliation of carrying their al-
lowance of provisions from a public chari-
table . store, was deeply felt by a . population
previously supported, and supporting others, by honest
industry. Hunger, however, compelled them to submit.
But having neither fire to cook the oatmeal, nor salt to
flavour it, nor soap with which to cleanse their poor ap-
parel, they represented to the Committee that some trifle
of money should be given them to purchase these nezes-
series. The Committee, seeing the reasonableness of
this demand, resolved that a fourth of the pit-
lance granted them should be given in money,
but at the end of one week the Commis-
sioner rescinded it, and - apprised the Committee
that they had no more power to interfere, as the
Government had taken upon itself to manage and apply
the relief fund. Having assumed the functions of the
Committee, he confined the allowances to bread, meal,
and potatoes, in the proportion of six shillings weekly to
married men • with families,. that being the maximum.
As porridge could not be eaten without salt, or cooked
without fire, the poor creatures who received this were
obliged to sell part of it at. 2.0 pet cent. loss to provide
these necessaries, by which the sum for their maintenance
is reduced to the wretched pittance of one penny half a
farthing a day ! When remonstrated with, the Com-
missioner told the Relief Committee that in treating the
unhappy sufferers thus inhumanly his object was to
make them as miserable as possible, in order to drive them
to locate themselves elsewhere. The petitioners declare
that this thousands of the starving poor would cheerfully
du, but that they know not where to find employment ;
and that, fearing that such usage may drive the people
to desperation, they implore the House of Commons to
interfere, so as to obtain for the miserable artisans more
adequate relief, administered in a way less offensive to
their feelings.
This is the substance of the Paisley petition, to which
we invite the attention of the House of Commons and
the country. We know not what conditions Sir
U. PEEL, Sir GRAHAM, and:such of their colleagues as
contributed towards the Paisley 'relief fund, attached, to

their donations ; but we feel perfectly assured that none
whatever attached to the gift of our gracious QUEEN.
She, at least, never dreamt of making her benevolent
donation a means of humiliating and putting to shame
her hard-working and loyal subjects of Paisley. We
state distinctly that we regard the refusal of the Com-
missioner .tu place the QUEEN'S donation at the
disposal .." of the Relief Committee, as an insult,
on the part of those under whose orders he acted; to the
sacred person, of her MAJESTY. We will not mince
matters. The QUEEN bountifully and benevolently con-
tributed to the Relief Fund raised by the Committee
without attaching any condition to her gift, and it was
an insult to the QUEEN to command that it should be
withheld from the famishing poor if they insisted upon
obtaining fuel to cook their scanty allowance of food.
Nor' shall the QUEEN remain ignorant of the way
in which her benevolent donation was disposed of. Her
MAJESTY shall hear of the conditions upon which only
the famishing poor of Paisley were to have any part of
her Royal bounty extended to them. As to the Mem-
bers of the Cabinet, we leave them to explain the con-
ditions attached to their donations, to the House of
Commons. We trust some Member will have the man-
liness to give them an opportunity of doing so at the first
sitting of the House.
We entirely disapprove of the appointment of a Com-
missioner to superintend the relief of the starving poor
of Paisley. That duty should have been left to the local
magistracy, assisted by the clergy. These persons know
the temper and disposition of the people better ; they
can tell exactly which case of distress is the more urgent;
and they only can know when it may be desirable to
relax the rules of relief laid down for all ordinary oc-
casions. Relieving the poor brings them in familiar con-
tact with them, and acquaints them with their indi-
vidual habits, thoughts, and feelings. These are
most important reasons why the relief of local distress
should ever be entrusted to the local authorities. An-
other good reason is, that the local magistracy and priest-
hood have- excellent opportunities afforded them for
instilling honest and virtuous principles into the minds
of the recipients of public charity. They know
whom to admonish, whom to encourage, whom to
spare the distressing exhibition of woes, long
concealed from every eye but the all-seeing sleep-
less eye of GOD. It is not alone cold, hard charity,
consisting of so many mouthsful of digestible material
food, that a starving people want. They want sym-
pathy, words of kindness, and encouragement to hoi,e
fur better times, hardly less than food for the belly.
The people starve whose minds are not fed as well as
their bodies.

. .
We seldom remember any measure adopted by a Go-
vernment which caused such general and well-founded
complaints as the late bungling financial trick of Mr
HENRY GOULBURN. Accounts from the country repro-•
sent the proclamation against light gold as even more
injurious there than in Landon. In small towns and
villages it has paralyzed trade, and, independent of the
alarm excited, his caused a serious loss to those least
able to bear it. Various schemes for meeting the evil,
and retaliating on the -Bank of England, and the Go-
vernment, have been suggested, and some go so far
as to recommend a run upon, the Bank for gold, in order
to bring the selfish concoctors of this unjust and mis-
chievous scheme to their senses. Unjust certainly it is,
in the strongest sense of the word ; for not only are the
last holders of light sovereigns made 'to suffer the loss
which should have been borne by the public, but not the
slightest preparation has been made for meeting a panic
which all men or common sense might have fore-
seen. Nay the very parties who have been privy
to the plot are increasing the evil by withholding
any little relief in their power. When there is abun-
dance of silver in the country, and, the distress of the
working classes generally is greater than at any period
in the memory of man, a wise and paternal Government
would have taken these circumstances into account, and,
by having a large quantity of silver coin ready for cir-
culation,"would thus have effectually prevented the poor
man from being robbed a second time. This has not
been done, and the Bank even refuses to issue to
any extent the silver coin in their possession,
thereby wantonly adding to the original injury. The
CliexcELLOn. of the EXCHEQUER adds insult to in-
jury, by pointing out the 56th of GEORGE 111. as a
remedy for one part of the evil. "I am glad," said he
the other night, " to take this opportunity of making it
known that those who refuse to take the legal coin of
the realm are liable to imprisonment." This is great
consolation, indeed, to tell a poor man who has not two
sovereigns to rub against each other, that he may bring
an action against a rich tradesman, who refuses
the legal coin, except at a loss of five or ten per cent.
We are only surprised that the House of Commons, did
not drown the voice of the speaker by one universal
shout of scorn and indignation. The poor man, who is
the greatest sutler...l- in this matter, cannot go to law.
The law affords him little or no protection in ninety-
' nine cases out of a hundred ; and the only exception to
this rule is, when some enormous act of injustice happens
to 'rouse publie sympathy.. We believe, in short,
there is but one opinion among all impartial men
on this ill-advised measure, and that opinion is
truly expresz•ed in the following extract from a provincial
journal :—" We do maintain," says the Cheltenham Ex-
aminer, " that such a state of things is positively unjust;
it entails a serious loss upon persons in trade, and to
those in the lower grade of life the injustice has been
much greater. Of all the acts of the present Government
this on the currency has shown most glaringly their
short-sightedness and unstatesmatilike qualities."

The French Journals contain no news of political in-
terest. We subjoin some miscellaneous intelligence

from them :
PARIS, JUNE 21.—The Prince de Joinville arrived on
Saturday at Lyons, and on Sunday morning embarked in a
steam .boat on his way to Toulon.
The Duke de Montpensier, according to the Memorial of
Pau' will pass the season of the waters in the Pyrenees, as ho
did last year. Apartments are being prepared for his Royal
Highness in the chateau of Pau.
A report, which created some sensation, was current yes-
terday evening in the diplomatic circles. It was stated that
the Republic had been proclaimed at Barcelona, and the muni-
cipal authorities changed. The troops of the garrison had,
however, it was said, succeeded in putting down the move-
ment, though not without some blood being stied.— Con-
siitutionnel.
BOURSE—PARIS, MONDAY, JUNE 20.

first Highest Lowest last
Price Price. Pm., Prir..
Pretzels:, per Cent 5........... 119 5 ... 119 25 ... 119 5 ... 119 25
4per Cents. ...... lOl 45 ... 101 45 ... 101 45 ... 101 45
3 per cents 79 21.1 _. 79 40 ... 79 20 ... 79 40
Bolt of rrance
'Attie Bank 5,00111. sliares 5050 ...5052 :".0 . 501.0 ...5052 53
aeigian Ban:
1841
Belgian 5 per Cents,
1810 114% ... 104% ... 104% ... 104%
vanish Active 23% ••• 23X ... 23% ... 23%
Passive 4% ... 4% ... 4% ... 4%
Por.uguese 5 per Cents. 31% ... 31% ... 31% ... 31%
heapoittati
Boman
11AILWA1C SHARES.
Versailles,R:P.
L.B 1,5 ... 105 ... 105 ... 105
Rowan 517 50 ... 520 ... 517 50 ... 510
Orleans
Strasburg to Bale 205 ... 205 .. 2(5 205
' •••
..._

_
DUTCH FUNO3.—AMISTItIeaId, JUNiI '2l.
Money. Bins.
Actual Debt, 2% per Cent
Jitto, ditto 5 per cent.
Atnet t Syndic,4% per cent O3 os%
Ditto, ditto, 34, per cent 76l . 7634
Commercial Company, 4!4 per cent 150% 151%
Ditto (1835 and 1d37) 5 per cent.
Loan 1837, 5 per cent. OB% :9034
Exchange on London One month l2 15
'Two months ....
Hamburgh, One month '
Twomonths ......
Dutch Papers, June 22
rzt; tAiIAI•I k U NDS—Baustists, JUNE 21.
Actual Debt, t% per Cent.
Rothschild's Loan 5 per Cent llll
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. .....
3 per Cent.
---'.. ?IX
—(1.340) lox3,
Loap of City, li'32, 4 per Cent. i 3,
8 oclety ot Commerce,,iiiper Cent F,6
Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent.. ...... ..... 76%
National 6,,,ciety —
Exchange on London (short) ...... —
—Brussels Papers, June 21.
HAMBUIIOI-1 BORSEN:HALLE, Juwe 18.
Bills. Money.
110

.Thirty.seven•

Austrian S per Cents. —
Rank Shares lf:9s
Anglo-Russian Loan IIU 1094 i
Russian 5 Der Cent., Ist series, Certificate...— i 03% 1i,3%
inscription, Ist series lO3
Russian a per Cent. Hope and Co., 3d and 4th

- series.
98
Ditto in Certificates 1)84 9i 54
New 4 per Cent. (1540) 89% 89%
Dutch Actual Debt, ..% per Cent. .........
Ditto o per Cent.
Polish Bonds
New Tickets.
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent. 7BA
Spanish, New 5 p .1' Cents.

THE TARIFF.—The Customs Bill has received in
Committee four additional clauses, three of which arc
important. Clause B' declares that all manufactures of
Jersey, Guernsey, Sark, or Man, made of foreign mate-
terials liable to a duty when imported, shall be con-
sidered for the purposes of duty as the produce of, and ha-
ported from a foreign country. Manufacturers of linen
and cotton in the Isle of Man are exempt. Clause C
establishes a drawback for foreign rough rice when ex-
ported which shall have paid duty on entrance. The
drawback is to be equal to one-fourth of the duty paid
on the rough rice. Clause p gives a considerable ad-
vantage to the holders of foreign corn in bond, by allow-
ing a certain per centage for waste. On wheat, barley,
and rye, kept in bond o:,e month and less than three
months, 1 per cent. is allowed ; three months and less
than six, 2 per cent ; six months and less than twelve,
21; twelve months and upwards, 3 per cent. On oats
the allowance is, one month and less than three, 2;1 per
cent.; three months and less than six, 3 per cent ; six
and less than twelve, 4i ; twelve and upwards, 5 per
cent. On Spanish wheat, barley, and oats, and wheat
and barley kiln dried abroad, the allowance is only one
half ; on rye kiln dried there is no allowance. This
regulation will render the owners of corn liable to pay
less duty on the quantities they hold by the per centages
we have mentioned, according to the length of time it
has been warehoused. No such regulation we believe
previously existed, and it will confer a great advantage
on the corn dealers,

S di' ia fl CV NEW L-*

AND
%Albite aIitMOIL

" Who runs may read."

FOREIGN.
The French journals teem with speculations as to the
result of the elections. No other question so much en-
gages the attention of the Government.
The National states that by the report which precedes
the new American tariff, it appears that the representa-
tions made by the French Minister at Washington, an-
nounced by the Minister of Foreign Affairs to the Cham-
ber of Deputies, has not had the slightest effect upon
the American Government. "In a word," says the
National, "the new tariff imposes an increased duty of
10 per cent. upon woollen, and from 10 to 40 per cent.
on silk goods. The export of French merchandise,
generally so brisk at this season, is completely sus-
pended ; several woollen manufacturers have dismissed
their workmen ; and a number of weavers, formerly em-
ployed for the American market, are completely idle for
want of work." _ _

The Courrier Francais announces the arrival in' Bel-
grade of the British Consul-General in Servia, Mr. Fon-
blanque, who has already remitted his credentials to
Prince Michael. French and English travellers are be-
coming numerous in the principality. The British Con-
sul-General purposes visiting the interior of the country
to study its resources and advantages.
A letter from Madrid of the 14th instant says :—" A
project for the establishment of a bank on a large scale
is in a forward state of realization. There are to be
10,000 shares of 500 dollars each, and no loans to Go-
vernment are to be effected. Discount of bills, loans on
'goods or mortgage, and the recoveries of moneys due to
Government will be the exclusive business : 25 per cent.
of the nominal capital is to be paid down by the share-
holders, and the bank is to have the privilege of issuing
bank notes during fifteen years."
The Austrian Observer of the 14th instant confirms the
intelligence, given in the Augsburgh Gazette, relative to
the issuing of Treasury bills of 50, 100, 500, and 1,000
florins, bearing an interest of three per cent. Prince
Metternich had received a most gracious later from the
King of Prussia, inviting him to assist at the inaugura-
tion of the works of the Cathedral of Cologne.
The mines of Servia were about being worked by
means of n company of shareholders, under the direction,
of a German ennmeer, llerr lteckendorf.
lianiatinazivralax.
T4e Peers met yesterday, but transacted no business
of importance.
In the Commons, on the motion of Mr., Wilson Patten,
the standing order which requires the projectors of rail-
ways to give notice, in the months of, February and
March, of their intention to introduce a Bill into Parlia-
ment was rescinded, which leaves the promoters of such
Bills subject to the same standing order as the promoters
of other private -Bills, and requires them. to give nctice

in OctObei and NOVember.
Mr. O'Connell's motion for the'llOuge to authorise the
Belfast Committee to appoint agents, was withdrawn on
the. representation of Sir E. Peel, that the Committee
ought to do what was proper on its own authority,
though he would not promise anything on behalf of the
Treasury. Mr. Ferrand made himself again conspicuous
on this occasion, as if he intended to set up for the
leadership of the ultra-Tories. • A more daring and suit-
ableleader they cannot have—we recommend the ultra-

Tories to take-him.
In answer to a question, the Earl of Lincoln said the
steps in front of the National Gallery were now ready to
be opened, but it would not be convenient to open them
till Nelson's Monument was further advanced. From a
little conversation which occurred on th:: latter point,
we inter that the Committee for carrying it into effect
are likely to run short of funds.
Mr. H. C. Bailli© moved for papers relative to the
origin of 'the war in Affghanistan, which brought the
whole of the circumstances of that affair under the notice
of the House of Commons. The debate, which is else-
where referred to, occupied the House the whole even-
ing. The papers were refused. The House sat till
Two o'Clock..

PUBLIC OPINION.
The Times, after recapitulating some of its objections to an
Income-tax, goes on to observe—" Nor must we omit to notice
the other objection which lies against this in common with all
taxes en income—a serious and painful one—we mean the in-
quisitorial nature of the tax--and therein the temptation which
it holds out to the commission of fraud and perjury. Now,
although we do not of course say or think that the persons com-
mitting the, crimes in question have any shadow of right to im-
pute to the circumstances in which they are placed the guilt
of what is really their own wickedness, or to charge those who
have brought the temptation on them with causing or parti-
cipating in their crimes ; yet we do think and say that a
very serious responsibility is incurred by those who, without
thejustification of—what alone caa justify such a course—ab-
solute necessity, place others in a position in which they must
be tempted, more or less, to the commission of such crimes as
these. Oa the plea of necessity, and necessity alone, can such
a measure as this be justified ; and when that necessity shall
cease, then the continuance of the tax will become inde-
fensible."
The Chronicle concludes a leadihg article on the present
distressed tote of the country, with the following significant
passage :—" There is no hope of relief to trade from any of
the measures of Sir Robert Peel. The tariff will produce no
i;,,sinediate effects; and, as to the Corn Bill, it has turned out
a complete failure. The manufacturing and trading classes
view it as absolutely worse than the former Bill, as it equally
keeps foreign corn out of the home market, while it also pre-
vents moneyed men from importing corn with a view to profit,
by the chance of a nominal duty. The belief of the people in
the seats of commerce and manufactures is, that if Sir Robert
Peel allows Parliament to separate with the present Corn
Bill, it will be utterly impossible to preserve the peace of the
country."
The Post says:--" We observe that the Morning Chronicle
is doing all it can to paint the state of distress in the manu-
facturing districts in the very darkest and most frightful
colours, and states that the depth of the distress should be a
sufficient excuse for departure from Tery policy. In order to
estimate the reasonableness of this it must be borne in mind
that the country has been gradually brought to this state of
depression under the operation of Whig policy, and that ever
since it has been understood that Whig principles in respect to
trade had been adopted, and would be acted upon by the pre-
sent Government, the distress has assumed a darker character.
In truth, the distress is one of the strongest reasons why Tory
policy ought not to be departed from. That policy is to pro-
tect home employment, even at the expense of making the con-
sumer pay dearer ; while the Whig rule would seek the cheap
commodity for the benefit of the consumer, although by so doing
the home producer be thrown out of employment."
We take the following from the Herald :—England is in a
false position at Constantinople and Syria, as she is indeed
everywhere whert she interferes in the internal affairs of foreign
states. It is most sincerely to be hoped that the Porte will
have the firmness to resist the meddling of its allies in Syrian
politics. The lurks are their own safest and surest friend,;
andloreign interference in the government of Ireland is quite
as justifiable as foreign interference in the severnment of Syria.
The Syrian policy of England is to us wholly unintelligible;
we have sent a Protestant Bishop to Jerusalem, and we have
appointed a Roman Catholic Consul at Damascus ! Well
might Lord Bowden express his 'inability to understand what
we were really about in the Asiatic coast of the Mediterranean."

IVZODIMY-TaIIDE-CODINLERCN.
The unemployed still increase in Glasgow ; upwards of 1,000
wrecks of men" wander about in want of employment: be-
sides these, 2,000 are daily fed from charity.

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