The Sun.
London, England, 1845-06-02 00:00:00

TAll',S' MAGAZINE.

The review of Lord Brougham's " Lives of Men
of Letters and Science," is done in the best spirit,
and reflects great credit on the impartial principles
on which this magazine is conducted. Though the
Whigs, and many of the Liberals have taken every
opportunity, following in the wake of men that belong
to no party, of reviling and calumniating the ex-
chancellor—Tait, more staunch to liberal principles
than most of them, still can do justice to the tran-
scendent merits, and the great abilities of Henry
Brougham. He has rendered essential services to his
country, which neither jealousy nor hatred, nor the
baneful tooth of bigotry, can efface from a nation's re-
membrance, and it is therefore gratifying to find an
honest journalist, though differing from his lordship
in many respects, doing him as ample and hearty
justice as he would render to one of his own creed.
We take a paragraph from the review at random,
which is a fair specimen of the whole.

"Apart from that remarkable union of qualifica-
tions, the possession of which will, we imagine,
be frankly and even liberally acknowledged, Lord
Brougham. in this his greatest, if it be not also his
most beneficial work, is distinguished, in an eminent
degree, by one quality for which he has not always ob-
tained the credit which we think it deserves. Some of
those who remember- him only by the sallies or effer-
vescence of a warm debate, or in the temporary ebullition
of that party speech in types a hasty political pamphlet,
will be slow to admit the air of calm dignity and judge-
like impartiality which pervades every portion of this
volume. As is right and fitting, justice is administered
with mercy and indulgence, without which justice cannot
deserve the name. The sole exception to this principle,
as far as we have noted, is found in Dr. Samuel John-
son ; who, arraigned at the tribunal of Lord Brougham,
is not allowed to plead prescriptive impunity for the
rudeness which, in a man less privileged, would have
been pronounced brutality ; or for the hard dogmatism
which, without any great straining, might be set down as
furious bigotry and imbecile fanaticism. In the strong
nature ache English sage, by prescriptive right, there un •
doubtedly was a large intermixture of the animal as well
as of the bigot ; yet it somehow jars one's feelings to
hear this said, though by the voice of truth and authority;
and one is content on this, as on much more important
points in morals and manners, to acknowledge that Lord
Brougham has shot far a-head of some of the darling
prejudices of his age."
The remarks of the writer, with extracts, extend to
nineteen pages, yet the reader will regret that they
do not extend to twice that number. We have also
some interesting letters from the historian Niebuhr,
relative to Nelson's attack on Copenhagen, at which
he was present, and a good article on the Bill of Mr.
Rutherford, for abolishing academical tests in the
Scottish universities. "An act," says the writer, "of
some moral courage unquestionably ; for the General
Assembly of the Established Church still protests that
the phantom of obsolete bigotry is no shadow, but
real flesh and blood, and the ghosts which Churchmen
raise are stronger than stone-walls and granite moun-
tains, :in the estimation of many, and not to be
blasphemed with impunity." The political article
refers to Sir R. Peel's Irish policy, which is written
in the best spirit. We have only room for an extract
relative to the Maynooth affair :
" Whatever faults this measure may be chargeable
with, in principle or detail, it has at least one greet
practicable merit : it forcibly rouses the attention of the
British people to the necessity of doing justice to Ireland.
Interpreted by the language of its proposers and more
prominent supporters, this Maynooth Endowment Bill
may be regarded as a formal disclaimer, made on the
highest authority—that of the united deliberate judg-
ment of our leading public men of all parties—of the old
maxims and methods of Anglo-Irish policy. It is a de-
claration that the old ascendancy system, always false
and immoral, is henceforth impossible ; that the great
mass of the people of Ireland—the " lower Irish nation,"
as they have been called—can no longer be held in con-
strained subjection to the "upper Irish nation," or to
Great Britain, but most be governed in the spirit of
equality ; that we must have an united kingdom, `.ad
can only hope to have it by conciliation ; and t'At all
sectional antipathies and bigotries, whatevr:, name ur
form they may take, must give way to this nigh imperial
necessity. We need not remark h'lw much additional
emphasis this declaration receives from the painful and
humbling retractations which it necessitated on the side
of one party, and the politic-Ai risks and sacrifices which
it has cost all parties. TL at must indeed be a conviction
of overpowering force `;,:hich induces the leaders of op-
posite Parliamentary parties to make common cause
against large nuribers of their supporters and followers.
That Sir Robert Peel has voluntarily subjected himself
a second time to the reproach of treachery and apostasy ;
that Lord John Russell has zealously seconded the
policy of his rival, at the expense of much of his own
popularity ; that both these statesmen have united to
carry a measure which seriously damages the political
position and prospects of each, may be taken as indis-
putable evidence of the strength of the convictions that
have actuated them. All the lesser interests which
usually govern the political conduct of Parliamentary
leaders have given way to the primary interest that every
statesman has in the integrity and greatness of the
empire whose Government he is, or may be called to
administer."

- -
The annual examination of the wards of the Adult
Orphan Institution took dace on Monday at the establishment in the
Reger,t's Park. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Gloucester
and '..he Duke of Cambridge honoured the examination with their
PreF.ence, and were received by the Marchioness Cornwallis, Lady
President, the Earl Manvers, President, and the members of the
Committee. The meeting was also attended by the Duchess of Nor-
the Duchess of Northumberland, the Countess Manvers, the
Countess Cornwallis, Lady Aylmer, Lady Mary Ross, the Ladies
Cornwallis, Mrs. Howley, Mrs. Blomfield, Mrs. Lonsdale, the
Bishop of Lichfield, the Bishop of Sodor and Man, Lord Colchester,
Rear-Admiral Bowles, and many other distinguished individuals.
The examination was conducted by the Lord Bishop of London, who
was pleased to express his entire satisfaction with the result.

-----
INSTITUTION FOR DISEASES- OF THE EAR--A ball
in aid of the funds of this useful institution was given on Thursday
evening, at the Hanover-square looms, and there was so numerous
an attendance of friends that it may be presumed the object in view
was fully realised.

DowN ELECTION.—The High Sheriff of Down has
fixed Tuesday next for Hie election of a Member to fill the vacancy
caused by the elevation of the Earl of Hillsborough (now Marquis Of
Downshire) to the Upper house. Lord Edwin Hill is the 0n1y47
didate and he will be returned without opposition.
WAKEFIELD 42ORN MARKET, MAY 30.—The
weather still continues cold, and all the reports from the agricultural
districts represent Wheat as having made little progress in growth of
ate, and every probability of a protracted harvest ; on all light
ands the plant is defectiva, and at present promise very short of last
year's produce. Our arrival this week is very small of all articles;
fresh Wheat is in fair request at fully last week's prices. The demand
far other sorts is limited. Barley nominal. Oath and Shelling steady
in price. Beans without alteration. Malt Is. per load higher. Other
articles as before.

EAST COWES, ISLE OF WIGIIT, MAY 29.—0 n Tiles-
day her Majesty's birthday was celebrated with great spirit by her
Majesty's appointed (and other) tradesmen of the town, which was
brilliantly lighted with appropriate devices. Drew's Medina Hotel,
V. A. It., with a large crown and splendid Prince of Wales's plume;
Messrs. Pennick and Wheeler, brilliant crown, letters V. A. R.;
Boberton, a handsome star; Messrs. 'Vine and Hill, V. It., crown,
and a brilliant star; Tucker, Stiles, and Brown, V. A., star, and
V. R., Sze. During the evening there were discharges of cannon,
succeeded by rockets and blue lights. The town was enlivened by
a band, which paraded till past midnight, playing the national and
other ai:s. This little marine spot vied with any other op the
joyous occasion.

RAILNVAY COM MIT TEES.

(SAT URDAY.)

GROUP DD.

THE CLYDESDALE'. JUNCTION RAILWAY.
The Committee reassembled this morning at the early hour of
eieVerf, abfl were remonstrated with by Mr. TALBOT, who consi.
dered it a great cruelly en Counsel for a single Committee to meet
at eleven. He was in a measure precluded from obtaining that
information which was necessary for the protecting the interests of
his clients. He had on a former occasion, in another Committee-
room, protested against the practice, and had protested success.
fully ) and he could not refrain from expressing his surprise that
the Chairman of the present Committee, being himself a member
of the legal profession, should countenance a practice so disagree-
able to Counsel.
The CHAIRMAN said that it was compulsory on the Committee to
perform certain public duties, frequently at great inconvenience to
themselves, and an early hour was necessary to be fixed for the
purpose of obtaining sufficient time to go through the business be-
fbre them.
Mr. TALBOT resumed the examination of Mr. Pare on the traffic
tables. He considered that the coal traffic from Dundyvan ought
to be reckoned on, and only half of that coming from Cairnbrows
and Calder. The tables had been calculated on the supposition
that the mineral prot:!",0 would be carried to the harbour at Glas-
gow by the railway, and that cartage would be necessary; but
if the railway did not extend as far. 4,6 he harbour, it would follow
~;gals were brought to a
that cartage would be needed. If the m:.
...;„;.se of 4%d. for
station not on the Clyde side, an additional e;,

cartage would be incurred. r.z. the
Mr. Landells was then examined as to the mineral traffic -
Motherwell branch. A slight sinking existed in the large co..
field of Lanarkshire, but it was generally easy of working, and
tolerably free from water. Lanarkshire presented more facilities
for the sinking of shafts than any other coal district in Scotland,
and a shaft 150 feet in depth might be sunk there at no greater
expense than would be required to make a shaft of 40 feet else-
where. Splint and soft coal were found in considerable quantities.
The splint coal was generally used in the iron works. The coal
would be transmitted by the Motherwell branch—one portion of it
to the iron worksl and another to Glasgow for shipment. The soft
coal would go entirely to Glasgow for consumption and exportation.
The making of the branch would be greatly to the advantage of
Glasgow, as well as to the Railway Company.
Mr. Williamson concurred entirely in the evidence tendered by.
the last witness.

Mr. Carrick, superintendent of the streets of Glasgow, deposed
that there were 420 tons of coals, and 714 tons of iron carted daily
from the basin of the Monkland Canal to the harbour for exporta-
tion. From the east on the line of the proposed branch 315 tons
of coals were carted daily to the Broomelaw, and about 70 toys of
pig iron. He considered that about 1,2001 would be saved an.
nually in Glasgow from the wear of the streets, occasioned by the
numerous carts, if the railway were made.

Mr. Errington, civil engineer, said that he had a general ac.
quaintance with the country through which the line would pass,
and he had prepared the plans and sections. He originally laid
down the line in 1839, and the plans and sections had been de-
posited for that portion of the line towards Hamilton, and it was,
in his opinion, the best that could be made between Glasgow and
Hamilton. The new portion of the line commenced at a certain
paint on the Polloc and Govan Railway. The rails of the Polloc
line did net at present extend as far as the quays
at Glasgow. The branch to connect the Polloc Railway
with the terminus of the Ayr line is 37 chains in length, and the
steepest gradient would be 1 in 108. The total length of the Polloc
and Govan Railway is 2 miles 37 chains ; that existing is well
adapted for the purposes of the Clydesdale Junction, as there are
no extensive curves on it. From the point at Rutherglen, the
main line commences and passes by the Glasgow turnpike-road,
proceeding as far as Park-farm, where the line diverges into two
branches, one of which continues on to Motherwell, and the other
to Hamilton. The terminus at Hamilton is well placed at a short
distance from the county buildings, in so convenient a manner,
that the line could at any future period be carried forward without
in any degree interfering with the buildings in the town.
The entire length of this branch line is 8 miles 9 chains, and the
steepest gradient on it is 1 in 220, and the least radius is a curve
of one mile. On the Motherwell branch the point of divergence
is at Park Farmstead, from thence the line passes the river Calder,
proceeding to the Clyde, which it crosses at a convenient point,
and continues by easy curves, none exceeding a radius of more than
a mile, through the open country to the village of Uddingstone; it
then crosses the White Calder at a favourable part, continuing
on to Motherwell, at a quarter of a mile beyond which
place it proceeds to join the Wishart and Coltness Railway
at a favourable junction. The length of the line up
to the junction is 6 miles and 49 chains. The severest
gradients is 1 in 132, and the curves were all easy. The only dif-
ficult point is where the line passes the Rolton Calder, by diverging
through the rock by a tunnel of 110 yards in length. At the
Clyde there would be an archway 54 yards long, and of the average
height of 55 feet. The passage across the White Calder is effected
by a viaduct 90 yards in length, and averaging in height from 50
to 100 feet. He had omitted to mention that there was a tunnel
230 yards long on the Motherwell branch near the point of diverg-
ence at Park Farm. The two tunnels would not be attended
with any engineering difficulty. It was intended to lay down
a double line of rails on the Hamilton branch. On the other branch
there would be only a single line of rails until, from the increase of
traffic, it should be considered advisable to maintain a double line.
The expense of constructing the Hamilton branch was estimated
at 129,734/. ; the cost of the branch to Motherwell was 137,599/. ;
the small branch to connect the Polloc and Govan Railway with
the Ayr terminus would cost 2,2051.; the expense of obtaining the
Act of Parliament and contingencies was calculated at 20,0001.
—making, in the whole, a gross total amount in round
numbers of 290,0001. The working expenses of the line
had been estimated at the usual average of forty per cent.

Mr. Errington was cross-examined at some length by various
Counsel who appeared to oppose the Clydesdale Junction, on be-
half of landowners; the opposition throughout was entirely of a
private nature, and the depositions of the witness were not mate-
rially altered.
Mr. LOCKE said he had heard the whole of Mr. Errington's evi-
dence, and would concur entirely with him in the opinion he had
expressed with respect to benefit and advantages which the con-
struction of the proposed line would confer on the districts through
which it passed. A negotiation was pending between the different
companies as to the propriety of having stations, and was expected
to be concluded in a few days.

Mr. Smith was then examined as to the passage of the railway
through the estates of Mr. Graham, Mrs. Hamilton, and Mrs.
Douglas. It did not appear from his evidence that the estates
wculd suffer any material injury from the passage of the railway,
although it was very likely the proprietors would not wish the line
to come into their property. He was then examined generally as
to the value of the land to be taken for the purposes of the rail-
ways, the details for which he had obtained in the usual way from
the engineers. He had divided his valuation into three sections,
viz., the expense of the main line, including the short branch to
the Greenock Junction, the-Motherwell branch, and the Hamil-
ton branch, from the forks at Park farm. The cost of the land
for the trunk line was estimated at 11,2601. 4s. 2d.; for the small
branch to the Greenock Railway, 1,1761.; for the Hamilton branch,
and for the Motherwell branch 14,2851. Bs. lid., making a total
for the whole expense of land of 32,331/. Os, 3d. He had esti-
mated the value of 35 years' purchase on the annual rent ; and
besides there was the intersection on an average 33 per cent.
He concurred generally with the statements of the previous wit-
nesses as to the great benefits that would be conferred on the dis-
tricts which the Clydesdale line would traverse.

Mr. A. Gemmell was examined as to the dilapidated state of the
house at Westburn, and the uncultivated condition of the garden
attached to the house.

Mr. HOPE proposed to introduce next the sub.engineer, to cor.
roborate the testimony of ML. Errington; but it was considered
unnecessary by the Chairman, and the witness teas not called.
The case was then concluded, with the exception of the re-exa.
mination of Mr. Errington, to take place on Monday next.
Mr. Graham, the Parliamentary agent, put in the formal proofs,
and the Committee adjourned till twelve on Monday.

GROUP EE.
IMPORTANT DECISION.
ABERDEEN RAXIMULT.

ADJUDICATION ON THE PREAMBLE OF TUE BILL
The Committee on this line resumed this mottling M the usual
hour, the Right Hon. F. Baring in the Chair,

Mr. Gibb (whose direct examination was taken yesterday), cross-
examined by Mr. FORSYTH—Does not think the inconvenience to
the town, by the line crossing the Links, would be very material.
A fair compensation would be accorded. Perhaps that would not
satisfy the inhabitants for the loss of their site of regreatiOn and
exercise.

Mr. Cubitt, civil engineer, eXamitted by Mr. TaLaor—Was
requested in June last to accept thta Orrice of superintendent.
engineer to the Aberdeen RailVvlty, and accordingly went in the
month of August to inspect the line, having all the sections and
plans submitted to hien. The conclusion he came to after this
examination was a confirmation of his previous report in favour
of the selected route% He had looked over the sections and
estimates of ','ne line, and considers them perfectly correct.
The estimate was 830,0001., and he regarded that sum as unquestion-
ably sufficient. Did not go over the entire line, but visited Mon-
,rose and Brechin. His recommendations to Mr. Gibb (the acting
engineer) were to go as near Montrose with his line as possible.
It appeared to him essential to communicate with the coasting
towns, as well as the inland and western districts.

Cross-examined by Mr. FoRSYTH—Did not personally
survey the line, but had carefully inspected the
route between Lawrence Kirk and Brechin, but went
to Forfar. The Arbroath and Forfar Railway will be
obliged to change its gauge, but that difficulty had been obviated
by satisfactory arrangements, and any sacrifice in distance will
be more than compensated by the important towns the Aberdeen
line will embrace.

Formal evidence was here given of the estimates and sections
of the line. The cost was named at 830,0001.; the power for
raising loans to the amount of 276,6661. 13s. 4d. ; 12,925 shares
had been already taken, and deposits amounting to 32,3121.
There were 75 local shareholders subscribing a sum of 269,8501.
This closed the case for the promoters.
Mr. Fousi-TH wished to inform the Committee of the position in
which he was placed by the different interests that opposed the Bill.
In the first place, In conjunction with Mr. Cockburn and Mr.
Hope, he appeared as counsel for the inhabitants of Brechin, and,
in a second capacity, he appeared singly for the town of Montrose.
He proposed, therefore, under the guidance of the Committee,
first to call witnesses to prove his case on behalf of the inhabitants
of Montrose, and make a speech upon the evidence he should ad-
duce; and defer the consideration of the claims of Brechin until
his colleagues, Messrs. Cockburn and Hope, could attend and pro-
tect the interests of that district.

The CHAIRMAN stated that the Committee, while anxious to
afford counsel every convenience and indulgence, did not think
the course proposed by Mr. Forsyth would be conducive of any
benefit whatever. They preferred that the Brechin opposition
should be first opened, and if counsel wished, a speech might be
made upon its conclusion ; and subsequently, proceeding with the
Montrose case, deliver a second speech.

Mr. FORSYTH acting on this suggestion addressed the Committee
in opposition to the line.

Sir James Duke, M.P., examined by Mr. FORSYTH —ls a native
of the town of Montrose, the inhabitants of which are unanimously
opposed to the construction of the projected line. The distance
from the extremity of the town to the seaside is about half a mile.
The railway must necessarily pass across the Links, a spot for
many years devoted to the use and enjoyment of the inhabitants.
of Montrose. The line would pass close by a very extensive boys'
school and a lunatic asylum, both circumstances opposing objet.
tlons to its ibrmation.

Cross examined by Mr. ANDREWS, Q.C.—The line will pass
abetit three hundred yards from the school. The lunatic asylum
is under the governance of commissioners. Was not aware that
these had petitioned in favour of the Bill.

Joseph Hume, Esq., M.P., examined by Mr. roasrTre—is not
only the Member for, but a native of Montrose, and perfectly ac-
quainted with every spet and inch of the town. On seeing in the papers
that it was proposed to pass the high road, and traverse the Links,
rumeing by Northesk, he considered the course most objectionable,
and finding that the line would intercept the only place of recrea.
tion which the inhabitants enjoyed, he wrote a letter, on the 9th of
May, to Mr. Jameson, expressing his regret and disapproval
of its construction. His objection to the railroad was two.
fold—in the first place, because it would cross High-
street, which was the direct road to Aberdeen, and in.
terfere with the water navigation in that quarter, now
traversed by a ferry; and in the second place, because it would
preclude the inhabitants from their source of exercise and recrea
tion. He believed the line was unnecessary, and its route mos- t
circuitous, and taking all these objections, besides those of inter -
ference with traffic, existing rights, Etc., into consideratioi
he regarded the project as mischievous and indefensible ..
(The Hon. Member concluded by sketching a line, which he coi 1.
sidered would avoid all the objectionable features of the preset at
project.)

Cross-examined by Mr. ANDanws, Q. C.—Had received D oru
all the toirns on the line petitions in its thvour, but diet nQt con.
1/