The Sun.
London, England, 1845-11-19 00:00:00

THE

AM ER.ICAN NEWS.

ARRIVAL OF THE HIBERNIA.

LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY.

The British and North American Royal Mail steamer
Hibernia, Capt. Ryrie, arrived here this morning shortly after
11 o'clock. She was much beyond her usual time, and fears
were beginning to be entertained respecting her safety. On
inquiry, we find that the cause cf her delay arose from hav-
ing touched on the southernmost point of Cape Race, Nova
Scotia, during a thick fog on the sth inst., and then was
obliged to run into St. John's, Newfoundland, where she ob-
tained some trifling repairs, and sailed therefrom on the 9th
inst. She brings 71 passengers.
We have received our usual files of New York and other
American papers to the Ist inst.—three days later than by
the Great Western. The political news is not important. It
was rumoured that Mr. Packenham, the British Minister at
Washington, finding there is little hope of adjusting the
Oregon question, has proposed to leave the whole territory in
its present position f;r 20 years, under the joint protection of
England and the States, and with the stipulation that at the
end of that period its then inhabitants may attach them-
selves to either country, or erect themselves into an inde-
pendent sovereignty as they tray prefer. The New York
papers hope that this rumour will prove authentic. We do
not believe there is any ground for it. The wish is, no doubt,
on the part of our transatlantic neighbours father to the
thought. The British Government cannot submit to any
more shuffling. The question must be decided forthwith, and
that Mr. M‘Lane knows. A correspondent of the Commer-
cial Advertiser, writing on the 28th ult. from Washington,

says :--

" I am informed, on what seems to be good authority, that
Mr. M'Lane has written to some of his friends in Maryland
that unless the United States shall recede from their posi-
tion on the Oregon .question, war with England is inevit-
able."

•
The Coiriei and hiquiier, of the 31st, usually so temperate
in its tone; concludes an, article upon the possession of Cali-
fornia with the bold remark, "We lay it down as an axiom,
to be enforced by war, if necessary, that when Mexico ewes
to own California it must constitute an integral part of the
American Union."

The same journal contains the following intelligence rela-
tive to the Oregon question, which, according to all accounts
received is entitled to'credit. Polk is resolved to talk big in
his message to Congress, and yield not one inch to the
islanders. In fact, the Americans consider we have no right
whatever to be in that quarter at all :
" There is a good deal of speculation afloat as to the actual
posture of the negotiations between our Government and
that of England respecting the Oregan territory, and some
little uneasiness lest delay should breed discord. A general
impression prevails here, that a proposition to refer the
whole matter to arbitration has been refused by this Go-
vernment ; and as the period approaches for the meeting of
Congress, the first week in. December, there is some feverish-
ness manifested as to how the President may treat this topic
in his message. On this point we hazard only this surmise,
that the message will not be less decided in maintaining the
claim of this country to the whole of the Oregon than was
the inaugural message delivered by the President, and to
which exception was taken in England.
" Whether Congress will go. any further than merely to
re-echo in speeches the language of the message, remains to
be seen. We venture not to speculate upon what, in any
mode in which it can be treated, will prove a ticklish
affair."

The following extract from a private letter received by
the Hibernia was posted in the Underwriters'-room, Liver-
pool, on Tuesday :

" On the subject of the Oregon, the President will main-
tain fully, and even in stronger language, in his message of
December next, the right of the United States to the terri-
tory than he did in the message of December last, unless,
in the meantime some conciliatory proposition emanate from
your Government, such as permitting the matter to rest. for
twenty or more years, which, as it would be considered here
as virtually surrendering the territory, would be accepted by
the United States.

" The President is very indignant at the remarks made
in and out of Parliament, and will use angry language in his
forthcoming message. Of course you can decide better than
we can whether this course will create difficulty, or, in other
words, whether England will maintain her position on this
subject.
" Of the literal correctness of these remarks regarding the
feelings, views, &c., of President Polk rest assured. They
come direct to me-through one of our —, who, for two
weeks past, has dined daily at the table of the President, and
heard him on these occasions express himself openly, unre-
servedly and determinedly."
FROM OREGON.—Within a few days we have read several
letters from a gentleman in Oregon, written at the close of
the spring, which speak of some suffering in consequence of
great freshets, caused by excessive rains during the early part
of the season. Lands that had not before been known to
overflow were submerged, and a good deal of injury was done
to crops and buildings. „ The same letters speak of the conti-
nued arrival of emigrants over the mountains. Some of these
have suffered much during their journey, particularly the
latter part of it, from want of food. Cases are mentioned of
great destitution, and one instance of a family not having a
particle of food remaining when they reached the settlement.
The writers give it as their opinion that persons advanced in
life should not attempt to pass by land from the States to
Oregon. They find unexpected difficulties, and some which
their strength cannot surmount. Some of the last emigrants
will add energy and strength and moral worth to the present
feeble population of Oregon, and there is now a nucleus being
formed, which, with discreet managethent, will give-import-
ance to that fast .wing region. • c •
DANGERS OF ,A R. POLK'S ADMINisTRATio.s.—Mr. Polk
and his administration, and his Cabinet, and its newspaper
organ, are gettiligkinto a very dangerous position, and may
be upon the•bfeakers before those at the helm know where
they are. •

There is a vast combination of interests throughout the
country, comprising all the leaders of the cliques, for the
purpose of opposing both Mr. Polk and his organ. The
friends of lir. Calhoun, in the south, are dissatisfied because
he was rejected from the Cabinet on the, inauguration,
and they will make their opposition from the free-
trade direction. . The friends of Dallas and Buchanan,
however, differing- amongst themselves in Pennsyl-
vania, are beginning to feel very much dissatisfied
with Mr :Polk- and his administration, because Mr.
Buchanan's removal has been► threatened, and they are
determined to get up a general convention in favour of a
high tariff, and to oppose the policy of Mr. Polk. Then the
old office holders of the Tyler dynasty are also in the field.
We may also add the friends of Cass in the West, and those
of Van Buren at the North.. A general coalition, indeed,
of all the opposing elements temporarily united in the Bal-
timore Convention that elected Air. Polk, now appears to be
forming for the purpose of opposing and thwarting him.—
New York Herald, Oct. 20.
LAKE SUPERIOR Mrs ES.—A correspondent of the Cleve-
land Herald writes from the Sault St. Marie as follows :
" ' I have seen heading towards this mineral region
ex-Cabinet Ministers and Gover:iors, Congressmen and Pro-
fessors, Bankers and Capitalt,ts, Adventurers, Woodmen and
Miners; and I have seP:a them on their return with their
pockets full of rocks.' That this region abounds in ore to an
inexhaustible ext,-,nf, and of a quality vastly superior to any
elsewhere discr,,vered, are not matters of conjecture. That
this is now 'positively known, has become a fixed fact,' and
that gol:‘,'- and silver also abound, recent explorations
dant;vestablish. In this greedy scramble for sudden wealth,
In. which all men are more or less inclined to engage, some
will obtain it, and others will be disappointed; but the great
truth still remains, that the precious metals here abound, and
if energy and enterprise be only tempered with discretion
and perseverance, the efforts of such will be crowned with
success. But the existence and locality of this mineral wealth
are no new discovery, as is generally supposed ; nor are
1 Lake Superior Mining Companies' devices of these modern
days. In 1665, Father Allouez heard of the existence of a
mass of pure copper' on the southern shore of Lake Supe-
rior, and searched for it. And as early as 1721, says Char-
levoix; the bracelets of the Indians, the candlesticks, crosses,
and censors were made for the use of the church, by a gold-
smith at'the ' Soo,' from the masses of pure copper found on
the shore of Lake Superior."
The writers speak of the excitement pending the first elec-
tion for Government officers. Although so far removed, as

it may be thought here, from political strife, the citizens of
Oregon had their caucus meetings and popular meetings, very
much the same as they had been accustomed to in the States.
There were two parties, as we have before mentioned—the
Hudson's Bay Company, and the American emigrants; the
result was in favour of the latter by a large majority.—
Commercial Advertiser.