The Sun.
London, England, 1842-01-11 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

The accompanying despatches were received per
Margaret steamer, which arrived at Falmouth on Sun-
day morning, with the Malta and Peninsular mails.
Her dates are from Gibraltar Dec. 30th, Cadiz 31st,
Lisbon 3d inst., and from Vigo sth inst.
LISBON, JAN. 3.—By the Neptune steamer, which
arrived in the Tagus on the morning of the 21st ult.,
from London in seven days, and in. four from Falmouth,
we have received English and French papers, the former
up to the 26th ult., and the latter ,to the 24th. The
French frigate Belle Poole, commanded by the Prince
Joinville, together with the barque Iguale, brig
Cassard, and steamer Lavoisier, sailed from this for
Toulon on the same date, 31st. His Highness, after
,vigitiog.Cintra and •Mafra, accompanied. by the King,
,was entertained by the Queen on his return at a select
dioner given by her expres, and on the day following a
grand military parade of the whole force of the capital,
commanded by the Duke of Terceira, was given, at
which his Royal Highness was present, together with
the Queen, King, and all the Court. A dinner at the
Duke of Palmella's, and on the same evening a ball at
the French Minister's, formed the finale of his welcome
to this .city, and the next morning witnessed his depar-
ture for the Land of the Gaul.

Yesterday, the 2d, the Chamber was opened by com-
mission, and the following is a translation of-the speech
delivered by Signor Aguiar, Minister of the Interior.
The prorogation extends to the 21st of February:—
" Sirs—By virtue of the decree which has just been
made known to you, the duty of opening the present
legislative session, by commission from her Majesty, in
conformity to the 42d article of the Constitution,devolves
upon the Ministry.

" During the short interval which has elapsed since
the closing of the last Session, order and tranquillity
have not been disturbed, nor has the course of public
affairs been in any way interfered with. The Govern-
ment has been occupied in giving effect to the laws
passed respecting the different branches of the Adminis-
tration, and for the completion of some of which the ne-
cessary proposals will be presented to you.
" Among the measures which call loudly for your pa-
triotism, zeal, and wisdom, her Majesty hopes that you
will bestow particular attention upon the interests of
our colonies, whose wants claim prompt and effective
remedies, as well for the welfare of the inhabitants as
for the general property of Portuguese commerce and
navigation.

"Her Majesty continues to receive from the So-
vereigns, her allies, the most satisfactory proofs of
friendship and good understanding, and the Govern-
ment never remits its efforts to extend our political and
commercial relations for the benefit of the productive
industry of the country. -

" The Government will furnish an account to the
Cortes of the use it has nude of .the authority granted
to it, as well as of the transactions it has effected, and
measures it has taken to insure tho regular payment to

the different classes of public servants, and for the pro-
vision of other public expenses.
" The estimate of receipts and , expenditure will be
laid before you, together with the accounts of the diffe-
rent departments.

Her Majesty trusts that the legislative body, duly
considering the state of the country, will use its utmost
zeal in the discussion of the budget, and in attending to
all measures essential for completing the organisation of
the public finances.

" The session is opened."
The Cortes have been adjourned to the 21st of Fe-
bruary.

In the Diario do Governo of the Ist inst. appear
also the particulars of an arrangement concluded be-
tween the Government and a newly-formed association,
under the name of " The Company of National Cre-
dit," whereby the latter have agreed to make an ad-
vance of money to the former upon the following terms,

VIZ. -

The nominal amount of the loan to be 7,520 contos
(1,600,0001.), at 5 per ceat. annual interest, payable
by the Board of Public Credit ; for which amount in-
scriptions are to be given to the Company.
The Company is to deliver to the Government,

Contos.
In money l,OOO
In tickets of arrears due to the civil service,
since 1838 1,600
In ditto, ditto, between 1833 and 1838 5OO
In ditto of arrears of pensions and half-pay
from 1833 to 1841
In bonds of the foreign debt not yet converted 2,000
In unpaid coupons of the foreign debt.... 365

7,465
These two amounts do not tally exactly, but the reason
of the difference is that of the arrears of pay tickets ;
the most modern in date are to be taken at 20 per
cent. above their nominal value, and the others at par,
while those for arrears of pensions are to be received
at various rates of discount. The whole plan is ex-
ceedingly complicated ; but one thing clearly to be made
out from it is, that the very showy figure of seven thou-
sand and odd contos will shrink down to a very small
amount in hard cash—a diminution of hulk for which
the effect produced upon a huge bundle of spinach by
the process of boiling, is the best simile I can think
of. Thus, while an addition of above a million and a
half sterling is made to the funded debt of the coun-
try, and a further annual charge of 80,0001. is incur-
red, the immediate and only benefit derived by the Go-
vernment from this financial operation is a temporary
lift to the amount of little more than 200,0001., which
will soon go, leaving the country more heavily bur.
dened, and therefore in a worse state than before. The
conclusion of this arrangement is announced in a de-
cree, in which it is also provided that the civil servants
of the State shall henceforth and for ever be paid with
the utmost regularity. This, of course, is to be under-
stood with the tacit clause, " If there should be money
to pay them with ; "and I must confess myself much at
a loss to conceive how this one loan is to fill up for
ever after the gap resulting every year from the ineffi-
ciency of the revenue to cover the expenditure. On
the contrary, it seems evident that the annual deficit
must be rendered still greater by the additional charge
incurred for the interest on the new loan. This mea-
sure is, as you will perceive, the long-canvassed general
capitalisation scheme, which I mentioned in my last,
as having been insisted upon by the Finance Minister,
and opposed by his colleagues, who at last gave way
to him ; and the " Company of National Credit " is, in
fact, the Bank of Lisbon, the Directors of which have
thought it most prudent to engage in this transaction
under an assumed firm, as they have reason to fear that
if it were known generally that the bank itself, after the
very large claims it already has upon the Government,
had engaged to make further advances of money to so
great as amount, its credit might be greatly shaken,
and a general run upon it might be the consequence.
The Prince de Joinville sailed from this, in the Belle
Poule frigate, on the 31st ult., having only stayed a
week instead of a fortnight, as he at first said he would
do. He was treated with great distinction during bis
short stay here, both by the Court and the principal
nobility. The French Minister gave a grand ball in
his honour on the eve of his departure.

A new Minister has arrived here from the United
States. His name is General Barrow.

In reference to that part of the Royal Message to
the Coites conveying the satisfactory assurance that
" order and tranquillity t4ign undisturbed throughout
the country," I have to state that, on the 26th instant,
a grand fracas took place, at the University of Coimbra,
between the students and the Municipal Guard, in which
two persons were killed and fifteen wounded. Also
that at Ameixoiera, thirty miles from this city, a caravan
of passengers was stopped and plundered by a mounted
guerilla to the'amount of 5,000 crowns.
The notorious Mattos Lobo, who murdered a whole
family in this city about six months ago, and is now
under sentence of death, attempted suicide, on Friday
last, in a very novel manner ; that is, by gnawing both
his wrists so as to open the veins, in order to bleed to
death during the night. What agonies of remorse
must have driven him to so frantic a resolution He
did not succeed in his object, however, for the weather
being exceedingly cold the blood soon coagulated, and
refused to flow.

By an order from the Patriarch, public prayers pro
felici partu of the Queen, are to be offered up in all the
churches on the 9EII, 10th, and 11th of each month, till
the event takes place.

On the 30th ult„ a grand review of all the troops in
this city, about 5,000 in number, took place at the Ta•
pada Park, at which the King was present, as also the
Prince de Joinville and his officers. Marshal the Duke
de Terceira commanded on the occasion.

Although the a'solition of the differential duties will
begin to have effect on the 18th instant, an additional
charge of one-fifth of the amount of duties will continue
to be levied upon goods coming in vessels of nations in
whose ports additional duties are charged upon cargoes
imported in Portuguese vessels. Therefore, as the
British Orders in Council imposing extra tonnage dues
upon Portuguese ships, and extra duties upon their car-
goes, have not yet been rescinded, all goods coming in
English vessels to this country will be subjected to the
payment of the additional one-fifth of the duties, until
those Orders in Council shall have been rescinded. It
is important to commerce that this should be generally
known.

SUICIDE AND INQUEST.
Last evening a lengthened investigation was gone
into before Mr. Payne, City Coroner, and a very re-
spectable Jury, at the Horse and Cart, Ashantee-
court, Bouverie•street, Fleet-street, on the body of
Mr. James Young, aged 22.
James Shome, porter at the Sussex Hotel, Bouverie-
street, deposed—About half-past ten on Saturday morn-
ing the servant at Mrs. Stoll's, No. 26, Bouverie-street,
where the deceased lodged, came for me to go into de-
ceased's room. On getting to the room-door I found it
fastened on the inside. It was broken opon, and de-
ceased was found lying on the foot on his right side,
in a pool of blood, with a pistol firmly grasped in his
left hand.

Mr. Charles Day, of Salisbury-square,' surgeon,
stated—On Saturday morning I was called to see the
deceased, and found him as described by the last
witness. There was a wound on the forehead, but,
whether caused' by a' bullet or shot I cannot tell
as I could not find any 'hard substance in the'
brain. I shonld say, he- had been dead four or five
hours. I have no doubt deceased put the mouth of the
pistol close to his head, and this, in a great measure,
prevented the inmates from hearing the report.
Mr. Charles Pearson, solicitor to the City of Lon-
don; deposed—The deceased was a clerk in his office,
where ho had been about two years, and acted as Se-
cretary to the present Lord Mayor, at the Mansion-
house. He was AdmitteJ a Solicitor in July lastTand
was a very talented young man, and his 'knowledge
was far beyond his years. The last time I saw him alive
was on Friday last, when he appeared much confused
in his head. Since death I have examined his papers,
but find none to throw any light onithis affair. He was
of a morose stubborn disposition, -but attended with the
greatest attention to, his office duties. , About three
months back, he told me 'tint the Lord Mayor in-
tended to make him clerk to the Magistrates at the
Mansion-house, but he should not 'take office unless
it conferred rank. Again, he said Mr. -Clarke (the
clerk of the Assizes at the Old Bailey) was to be
turned away, and he was to have his place. This evi-
dently showed that he was labouring under a delusion.
About a month back, he told me that be was going to
be taken into partnership with one of the most respect-
able firms in the City. Knowing that a dissolution was
about to take place in that firm, I thought it true, but
on making inquiries at the Mansion-house, I found it
not to be true. He frequently dined at the Mansion-
house, and was a young man of temperate habits. He
had ascertained that he left the Mansion•house on Fri-
day in a confused state, and had no .doubt he wan-
dered about the street until that late hour in the morn-
ing. His mother was in en insane state, and his mother's
father also laboured under that affliction.

The CORONER said, the Lord Mayor called on him
that morning with reference to the case, and his Lord-
ship told him that deceased was asked to stop, to dinner
at the Mansion-house on Friday, but ho-declined,-say-
ing ha was not comfortable in his head. After some
further remarks, the Jury returned a verdict of" Tem-
porary Insanity."

What if you have failed in business ? You
still have life and health. Don't sit down and cry about
mishaps, for that will never get you out of debt, nor buy
your children frocks. Go to work at something, eat
sparingly, dress moderately, drink nothing exciting, and,
above all, keep a merry heart, and you'll be up in the
world.—B. Franklin.

IRISH MILESTONES.—A stranger riding along
the road, observed that all the milestones were turned in
a particular way, not facing the road, but rather averted
from it. He called to a countryman, and inquired the
reason. " Oh, bless you, sir," replied the man, " the wind
is. so strong sometimes in these parts, that if we weren't
to turn the backs of the milestones to it, the figures would
be blown off them, clear and clean."

EVENING SUN

LITERATURE.

OLIVER AND BOYD'S NEFF EDINBURGH
ALMANAC, 1842.
Simphin, Marshall, and Co., London.
The publishers commenced a new series of the
Edinburgh Almanac in 1837 ; from year to year
they made improvements and additions, which
the public, as the extensive sale of the work
proves, duly appreciated, and we are glad to find
that success has not weakened, but, on the con-
trary, given additional impulse to their exer-
tions, as the present number contains more no-
velty and displays better arrangement than any
which has preceded it. This arises partly from
circumstances of which they have judiciously
taken advantage. The Census of 1841, the New
Ministry, and the New Parliament, with all the
consequent changes in appointments at home and
abroad, the late Promotions in the Ariny and
Navy, and the vast and increasing extension of
railroads have afforded scope for a publication of
this kind which very rarely occurs. An opportu-
nity has thus been afforded of compiling a valu-
able Repertory of political, ecclesiastical, legal,
commorcial, and statistical knowledge. The in-
formation respecting almost every subject con-
nected with Scotland is remarkably copious, per-
haps more so than the general reception of an
Almanac not intended to be local would justify.
For instance, the account of the numerous in-
stitutions, societies, and companies of the
city of Edinburgh might, without any incon-
venience be considerably abridged, and room
made for more ample, historical, and personal de-
tills of the English and Irish peerage. This
and other general intelligence would be accept-
able to many English and Irish readers as well
as to great numbers in Scotland who take little in-
terest in minute particulars, which have reference
chiefly to the inhabitants of the northern capital.
When so much is given, however, it would be
unjust to raise
.any serious objection to the plan
which the compilers have judged proper; and we
have merely thrown out-the hint for their consi-
deration. The more remarkable features of this
number we have already adverted to. The digest
of the Census for Scotland, which must have been
procured with much labour and expense, de-
serves especial notice. Besides the official re-
turns for the English and Welsh counties in
1841, we have the population of the counties,
cities, and burghs of Scotland, with the popula-
tion of every parish given separately, and lists
of the clergy of the Established Church, and of
Dissenting bodies of every sect. As usual, there is
a complete Army and Navy List, with the respec-
tive stations of the regiments and vessels, accord-
ing to the latest accounts. The work is printed
in a beautiful clear type, and published at a
moderate price.

SUNDAY TRAVELLING; MEETING
IN THE RELIEF CHURCH, AYR.
Now that the excitement in the public mind caused
by the meeting reported in our last, held in the Relief
Church yesterday se'nnight, has in a great degree sub-
sided, and that time and space afford us opportunity,
we feel it our duty temperately and fairly to refer, more
particularly than was in our power last week, to the
conduct of those who took part in the proceedings.
Premising that in regard to the question at issue—
the travelling on Railways on Sunday—we were dis-
posed to agree with those who called the meeting, that
the quieter the Sabbath the more moral the people, and
that Sunday Mail Trains, with single carriages for cases
of necessity, if practicable, might have been an unob-
jectionable middle course betwixt fanaticism on the one
hand and Sabbath desecration on the other,—we say,
with these feelings we hope our estimate of the conduct
of parties will be admitted to be drawn from no preju-
diced or partial considerations whatever.

We are, therefore, naturally led to speak first of
those who called the meeting ; and, in doing so, we shall
surely be acquitted of any inclination to take advantage
of what in their proceedings gives ground for question
when we merely allude to-Ist, their right to refuse to
allow the meeting to elect a Chairman, on the ground
that it had been previously announced that Sir C.
D. Fergusson was to preside, an arrangement which
may be a convenient one when unanimity prevails,
but which unquestionably, under other circumstances,
must fall to the ground : 2dly, the right of the Chair-
man to promulgate aoy such law to a public meeting,
as that only certain previously selected persons should
be allowed to speak : adly, their inconsistency
in refusing to hear parties, who at least professed
to be more rigid than themselves as to Sab-
b,ith Observance, on the ground that the Meeting was
one specially called of those holding their own parti-
cular views, while the resolutions were announced to
the world as adopted not by parties bolding particular
views, but by " a numerous and influential meeting of
the inhabitants of Ayr and its vicinity ;" 4thly, the inac-
curacy in the statement on the face of the Memorial
that it was adopted by about 1,200 of the inhabitants of
Ayr and its vicinity," while we learn froth parties whose
evidence will not be questioned, that the Church
can only be let for little more than 1,000 sittings,
while all who were present must admit that there was
at least one-fourth of the church unoccupied. 'We re-
pelt that we refrain from dwelling on these points, quite
aware, however, that had we, either in an editorial or
magisterial capacity, exposed ourselves so unguardedly,
so rich a text would have been well expounded, and
would not have been allowed to close without a pretty
warm exhortation.—Ayr Advertiser.

BRISTOL SUGAR MA RKITT, JAN. 7.—We
have had much activity in our Sugar Market this week.
The offices re-opened on Tuesday last after the holidays,
but exporters requiring prices which were current previ-
ously to the recess, and which the buyers are not dis-
posed to give, the transactions were confined to a few
parcels for immediate purposes, and for which full prices
have been paid. Rums are still uninquired for.—Bristol
Mercury.

RUMOURED ACCIDENT AT COMBE DOWN,
NEAR BATH.—A letter reached us yesterday morning,
bearing the Bath post-mark, a signature apparently
real,
_and every other mark of authenticity, which stated
that on the evening of the preceding day a piece of
ground, the' surface of a stone quarry at the above
village, had fallen in—that several houses and a
church had been destroyed, and that the accident had
beea attended by the hiss of many lives. After di-
ligent inquiry at the terminus of the Great Western
Railroad, we do not find that any intelligence' corrobo-
rative of this statement, which we published. yesterday
morning in a second edition, has been received. We
cherish the hope, therefore, that the rekountmay prove
unfounded.We have sent the original letter to the Mayor of
Bath, with a request that he will lend us his assistance to
discover the heartless impostor, if it should turn out that
an imposition has been practised upon us.—Morning Post.
[We had strong doubts of the statements given in the
letter addressed to our fashionable Contemporary, be-
cause the writer described the Post as a " popular
journal;" andlwe could find no such paper as the Warden
in anyllist of newspapers. We agree with the Post in
reprobating such heartless conduct, and hope the impos-
tor will be discovered, and be made to climb for at last
six months at the tread-mill.—ED. Sun.]

THE CANTON RANSOM.—Yesterday a por-
tion of the ransom paid by the Chinese for the evacuation
of Canton, arrived in London, and was transferred to the
Royal' Mint, in which establishment it was deposited at
two o'clock. The treasure was landed at Portsmouth,
from her Majesty's frigate Conway, and thence conveyed
to Gosport. A special train was engaged to bring the
treasure by the Southampton railway to London, under
an escort of the 32d regiment. On the arrival of the
train at the Vauxhall terminus the bars of silver,
about 100 in number, wore transferred to 13 vans
and carts, each drawn by two horses, and guarded by
the 32d in command of an officer. The procession at-
tracted much notice froth the people in the streets
through which it passed, and upon its arrival on
Tower-hill the mob was so great that the guard on duty
at 'the Mint was immediately ordered under arms to
clear a way for the vans and carts to advance, which
they found some difficulty in effecting. so eager were
the people to obtain a sight of the boxes contaimnA the
treasure. The great gates having been thrown open,
the vans and carts entered amidst loud cheering from the
populace, among whom the greatest enthusiasm prevailed.
The value of the treasure is 550,000/. sterling, an]
consists of small bars and lumps of Sycee silver, the
whole of which is to be melted down and refined, pre-
vious to its being converted into the current coin of the
realm. Many years have elapsed since a treasure so
valuable entered the metropolis. After the Spanish gal-
lions were taken, the money they contained was con-
veyed from Portsmouth to London in waggons, and en-
tered the metropolis while the guns were firing to an-
nounce the birth of a Prince of Wales, afterwards
George the Fourth.

AEDERSGATE DISPENSARY.—Yesterday a
general meeting of the governors, donors, and sub-
scribers, was held in the Board-room of the Institution,
Aldersgate-street ; F. B. Herring, Esq., treasurer, in
the chair. The Rev. E. D. Leigh, rector, Dr. Sally,
Messrs. Grant, Godson, and other supporters of the
charity, were present. Mr. W. H. Wood, Honorary Secre-
tary, read the Report of the Committee, which stated
that so increasing were the demands for medical and
surgical assistance, that an assistant physician and an
additional surgeon were indispensible. They, there-
fore,_ recommended that a physician and surgeon be added
to the medical staff. It was unanimously adopted that
the recommendation of the Committee should be acted
upon. The apothecary laid upon the table the returns of
the numbers who received medical and surgical advice,
with medicine, during the year. From which it ap-
peared that 8,000 invalids had, during the year, ob-
tained gratuitous advice and medicine at the Dispensary,
and that 1,500 had been visited at their own houses. In
answer to a question, he replied that every person, with-
out regard to locality, upon applying at the Dispensary,
obtained assistance, and that all residing within the
City were, if necessary, visited at their houses. The
financial report was most satisfactory. Amongst the
donors were his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge.
251. ; the Rev. E. 1). Leigh, 101. ; F. B. Herring, Esq.,
151. 15s. ; Sir Peter Laurie, Alderman Gibbs, Alderman
Farncombe, Mr. Gochon, an 1 several other gentlemen,
101. each.
BIRTH.—On the 10th I: inst.; at Blomfield
House, Bishop's-row, Barswattr, the lady of A. B. Wall,
Esq., surgeon, of a sea.

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