The Sun.
London, England, 1829-09-29 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNAL 3.

We copy from the Sheltield Paper, and from
an Irish one, simultaneous and very painful evi-
dences of the distress which prevails among the
poor working manufacturers of Huddersfield and
Dublin. One difficulty lies on the surface of
whatever attempts may be made by the benevo-
lent to alleviate privations resulting from want of
employment, namely, that of avoiding to gene-
rate a permanent evil by the only means which
can well be resorted to for the removal of the
temporary pressure. At the Dublin meeting it
was fairly enough observed by the gentleman win)proposed a subscription for the relief of time poor
creatures, amounting, it was said, to above .
9,000, who were thrown absolutely out of bread
by the suspension of all demand for the silks,
woollens, and cottons of Dublin, it was properly
admitted by him (Mr. Moore), that donations
to the unemployed were in themselves a mischief;
but when the Hon. Gentleman suggested that
instead of giving away the money subscribed each
subscriber should take an equivalent fbr it in
goods of the native manufacture, it seems strange
that he did riot anticipate the objection made
afterwards by Mr. Sheil, viz.—that to call for
time production of more goods, when the essence
of the evil to be remedied was a previous excess
of production, would only tend to a further em-
barrassment of a market already glutted, and to
an augmentation of the causes of distress. This
then, is the dilemma with which an indulgence
of the feelings of humanity seldom fails to be
tended in cases of general suffering. We cannot
sec our fellow-creatures starve,—while, by be-
stowing money, we grant a premium to idleness ;
and by ordering manufactured articles, we force
a production which already overflows. We grant
a mouthful to the labourer for to-day, but we •
prolong the inability of his regular master to re-
duce the stock on hand, and consequently to
give out fresh work to the unfortunate weaver.
The master-manufacturers of Huddersfield state,
in few words, some of the obvious evils to them-
selves, arising from inadequate wages, they " re-
gret extremely that the consequence of lowering
wages should be so little understood, since the
proper remuneration of labour is the main spring
of all operations in trade, and the lower wages be-
the less will be time (natural) circulation of
: consequently returns and profits
the
e ;°
lmlebeln tY
rlessened
in proportion." A reduction of
wages, compelled by that of the prices or manu-
factured goods, does unquestionably re-act in a
manner the most injurious, at least for a season,upon
the master-manufacturer, by diminishing the imme-
diate resources of the surrounding consumers ;
and this will not cease until the value of money
shall have risen in proportion to that of all other
productions, as well as of the depreciated article
in which he deals. The masters will generally, .
under all circumstances, pay as high wages as
the trade will bear—a fact which at once proves
that the folly of combinations among workmen
is not inferior (we-speak now generally) to their
injustice, and that the remedy for a prevalent
distress of the manufacturing interest is one
hardly. .attainable by any means which individual
beneficence can provide. In Dublin, and in
Huddersfield,
equal,rsfiell yet some appears
Dublin•pealst
to be iie
people
woulnearlyd would persuade each other, that the free trade,
dec, the
sufirhlogl
as between England and Ireland, by letting in
the British manufacturer upon the has
been partly the occasion of the Irish weaver's
distress. If so, the British weaver ought to have
gained in the same ratio. Yet he, too, mur-
murs and repro aches the free trade as be-
tween France and England Does, then, the
French manufacturer pocket what has been lost
by the other two ? No ; he says that the Eng-
lish free. trade principle has ruined him ! for that
Lyons never before was in such misery as since
Mr. Huskisson's measures. It is plain, there-
fore, that these classes of men have, at least
in two instances out of three, mistaken the
causes of their respective misfortunes. Free
all those \vile seek to
trade .is good for the whole trading wort'
itoakrietyn tooptihtser,seainmdrattleieremfoerneibeforsr. theA bgorleji nttihn
dmesotrreoywe remove obstructions
who minister to commerce clo
pitirolaredtelbo,
yn, ()t.:cc
of
profit
tf
mostall nba;
from the paths of commerce, the greater the
ial
tni-oenasssisistth;atai"ic,lhitclhe sitnec
Inevitablyyrc
the relief from commercial bondage. But the
Irish Statesmen are not well grounded in many
of their notions on the species of succour whieil
it would be practicable to afford the sufrolimo,
classes of their countrymen. They talk of usin
none but articles of Irish manufacture. Thi4
was well characterized -by Air. Winans, an Eng-
lishman, as " nonsense." They might as well
attempt to make water swim a-top of oil, as te,
raise the sale of indifferent Irish goods above
that of superior articles from England. If thev
could succeed for a time, the Nanufactures or
Ireland would share the fate of all others on which
the favour ofa monopoly has been inflicted. They
would remain stationary, or would decline I
exce -
lenee, while those of their neighbours were strue...
Ong through rivalry to perfection, and the gene-
ral market value of Irish industry would, •aS eotu.
pared with that of other countries, be in the
same ratio diminished. The -gesti
only sugon of
real importance put forth by
any
speaker at the
Dublin meeting was that of M
r. M aoon), for
some legislative and permanent institution, guar
ranteeing support to the infirm and helpless poor
This scheme will sooner or later be adopteo. It
has often had our favourable notice ; but we
cannot discuss it at present.—Times.

The London University has been so success-
ful in the ends which it proposed, and has so
tri!imphantly answered in practice the objections
made to its foundation, that its distinguishing
principle is not likely to be long confined to one
kind of academical establishment. That charac,
teristic being the union of public education with
private residence or domestic superintendence, ap-
pears equally well adapted to a great day.sehool tbr
the education of the better classes as to a Collei,loor
University. We are fully award that several o? the
eminent grammar or classical schools in tikis cony;•
try admit day pupils ; but this is not enough,. In
order to be efficient o►i the plan of the London
University, and of all the academical institutions
of Scotland, it must be entirely a day-school,
or in other words must enforce no, residence
within walls of the establishment, and make

and another on the ground of his tieing 'ooarded
under the
*tome. Inde-
ifftehreencmeaostferr,ankororretsuiditii;
abetween one toy
cf.-ardians, or relatives, such
a mode of obto.;:ding a classical education would
afford tlfc. means 14' an important saving to per-
pendently of the advantage of _jiving
Pons with large families and moderate incomes.
e"ny:etid'of their parents,
That such an •establishment is perfectly pracri-
cablo and efficient, is evident from the long ex-
perience of the northern portion of the island.
Every considerable town in Scotland, particularl}•
Edinburgh. and Glasgow, are provided with
groat . classical- day-schools;. at which youth of