The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-09 00:00:00

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS,

The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and the Public, are respectfully
:-.forta eel tt

WiDNDAYS, TUESDAYS, AND THURsDAYq,

' GRAND EVENING FETES will 1;e given, in which 'will be em.
tedied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favou_
rite place of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in-
f.rcthtct:aus, which render them more generally attractive.

Tie ME'S AG Eltlr. has been enriched byinany valuable and int.
atant acquisitions iii the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
'Feeding Time Five o'clock.
'4•1,16 Colo3sal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some
instances remodelled, with a Mechanical d'action, repre-
senting the Procession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Nobles. to the Castle of St. Angelo.
The BAN 0 includes some of the most eminent Performers, con.
tatted uy Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADE!!
tISICA LES selected( rom the noblest works of the great Masters.
The I LLUM !NATION of ST. PETER'S. the CROSS of FIRE,
said the GIRANOOLA of ST. ANGELO. with all the gorgeous
SPectacles and inagnifioent introductions that have called forth at.
dominations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex-
hibition, termlimaing with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour,
the CASC %I)E of BRILLIANT FIIIE, SD( I Y FEET in height.

Die Gardens are open Daily from Teri till Dusk. The Eveninp
fetes, with the Plosnenades Mutheales, Illumination of St. Peter's,
itiralidcla of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays,
.ad Thursdays. Admission One Shilling.

vrEtt AT I.t.)NIION BRIDGE. THIS DAY.
33 minutes after 3 I Evening .... 56 minutes after 3.
M.14.121.01141•10.12M1L114.1... AlOll4llOl

extensive disfranchisement in progress, from increasing,
poverty, there must be great mental and physical suf- I
;tiring throughout the respectable part of the town
population.
In the general disfranchisement indicated there is
reason for increased political discontent. It is already
a subject of complaint, amounting almost to resistance
to the law, that only a small part of the people are
enfranchised, and the unenfranchised part is- daily
swelling by the inevitable effects of increasing poverty.
Property may be gathered into fewer hands ; political
power, constituting the Legislature, may be restricted
to a narrower and narrower circle ; but property itself
will not add to its security by increasing the number
and aggravating the animosity of its opponents. To
see the power of legislation separating itself more
and more from the multitude, while their incessant
prayer is to have it extended to them, bodes an alarm-,
ing increase of those hostile feelings between classes
which already dislocate society.
.To revert rather to the economical than the poli-;
tical bearings of the pregnant passage of the Tory
Journal, we must remind our readers that the short
passage we have quoted from the Sanatory Report,
as well as other facts we have lately placed before
them from the same work, shows that already the
bulk of our population are living in a sad state of both
physical and mental degradation. Although this Re-
port is not so well dressed up for effect as,
the Report 'on Mines by aspirant Commissioners
it is calculated to startle • and deeply im-
press the public with a conviction that the
condition of the bulk of the labouring classes, espe-
cially in all that concerns lodging, is at once pitiable ,
and degrading to them and disgraceful to the Legisla-
ture. But the paragraph of the Ilfanchester Chronicle is
one proof among many that, subsequent to the period
when some of the materials for the Sanatory Report
were gathered, prior to 1842, the condition of the po-
pulation has been still further deteriorated. For four
years at least it has been getting worse and worse,
giving reason to fear, unless the downward progress
be arrested, that a permanent degradation in the con-
dition of the people will be the consequence. It is
wisely ordained that man, as an animal, can accom-
modate himself to every climate, and to every variety
of physical circumstance. If he he ground down
therefore, to poverty and dirt, and made familiar with
disease and loathsomeness, he will acquire suitable
habits, and live amidst all that is filthy, disgusting., and
degrading.
"From what I have observed," says the late Mr. Wal-
ker, as quoted in the Sanatory Report, " I am fully
convinced that if shambles were built ou any spot, and
all who chose were allowed to occupy them, they
would soon be occupied by a lower race than any yet
known. I. have often said that if empty casks were placed
along the streets of Whitechapel, in a few days each of
these would have a tenant, and those tenants would keep
up their kind, and prey on the rest of the community. I
am sure if such facilities were afforded there is no con-
ceivable degradation to which portions of the species
might not be reduced. Allow these tub-men no educa
don, and you have so many savages living in the midit
of civilization."

How far great masses of the cellar population, and
the population dwelling in tens and scores in single
rooms, are at present removed from the state of
savages living in the midst of civilization, we will not
decide ; but that they will become so if the present
deteriorating influences and circumstances are con-
tinued, seems highly probable. Should any disturb-
ance call the energies of such persons into activity,
England, even as she now is, will be surprised, as
France was, at :the uncouth and hideous monsters
which, at the period of the Revolution, seemed to
spring from the earth, and all at once to assume the
dominancy in society. To prevent the existence of
savages in the midst of civilization, a responsibility
not less than awful now lies on the Legislature. To
cause such a population is a crime against society
unsurpassed in the blackest annals of treason.

The circumstance of the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer having refused to give Lord CHELSEA the
Chiltren Hundreds, failed to suggest to Lord PAL-
dERSTON the proper deduction from such a fact. He
only thought of the influence which the Minister of
the day might exercise over Members if he might re-
refuse at his pleasure, and of the refusal being a viola-
tion of a practice that had prevailed for nearly a
century. From the statements on both sides, it
is clear that a Member of the House •of Com-
mons cannot lay aside his office, nor can his
constituents revoke their trust ; he can only
cease to be a Member by disqualifying him-
self .to sit by the acceptance of some public
office, which it is in the power of the Minister to
give or withhold. That is an improper arrangement.
The parties who elect the trustee,' the constituency,
should have power to withdraw their confidence ; and
the party who accepts it should at any time have the
power to resign it into their hands. If Lord PAL-
MERSTON had drawn that conclusion, and proposed to
embody it into a law, we should have inferred that
he had made a proper use of the circumstance,
as to the impossibility of a Member vacating his seat,',
kw the constituency withdrawing their confidence,
which the refusal of the Chancellor of the Exchequer
has made apparent. We would recommend his
Lordship to look at this. question on principle, and
then he may rescue the Members of the House of
Commons from the caprice and: control of the Minis-
ter of the day, when they desire to retire from the
onerous duties of legislation; and enable every con-
itituency to revoke that trust, which many Mem-
bers seek and accept only to abuse.

We direct the attention of our, readers to the ques-
tion of Lord PALMERSTON, and the 'answer of Sir R.
PEEL, relative to the war in India,/which appears in
our Parliamentary Report. It is/useless to reprint,
the conversation here, and it is too important to allow
of abridgment or paraphrase.

Extracts from New York Papers, received to the
[9th, will be found in another part of The Sun. We
leeply regret to have to state, that no real progress
has been yet made in the settlement of the Boundary
luestion. In fact, we are assured by a private letter,
from a well-informed correspondent, that there is not
`he least likelihood of the success of Lord Asu-
BURTON'S mission.

There is some prospect of a war between Mexico
and the United States, the Mexican Minister for
Foreign Affairs having addressed two imperative and
Insolent notes to the United States' Ambassador,
galling upon his Government to repress the move-
:nents of the sympathisers in favour of Texas, and
threatening to 'ward non-compliance as a declaration
ar. DANIEL WEBSTER, on the 15th ult., for-
warded the following answer to the Mexican Gc-
vernment:—

On the receipt of this, you will write a note to Mr.
de Bocanegra, in which you will say :—That the Se-
cretary- of State of the United States, on the 9th of
July, received his letter of the 31st of May ; that the
President of the United States considers the language
and tone of that letter derogatory to the cha-
racter of the United States, and highly offensive, as
it imputes to their Government a direct breach
of faith ; and that he directs that no other an-
iwer be given to it than the declaration that the conduci;
of the Government of the United States in regard to the
war between Mexico and Texas, having been always
hitherto governed by a strict and impartial regard to its
neutral obligations, will not be changed or altered in any
respect or in any degree. If for this the Government of
Mexico shall see fit to change the relations at present
existing between the two countries, the responsibility
remains with herself.

Every arrival from Greece brings us accounts of
the deplorable condition to which King OTHO'S mis-
government is reducing that fine country. One writer
states positively that the Greeks are, physically speak-
ing, more miserable at this moment than they were
while prostrate beneath the despotic hoof of Turkey.
We question whether the narratives of any of the
many English travellers who wandered over Greece
;previous to the revolution presents a more striking pic-
ture of general misery and universal misgovernment
than the following extract of a letter front Athens,
dated the 21st ult., to which we invite the attention
of the Government and people of this country :
The most horrible tyranny is exercised in all the pro-
vinces to get in the arrears of past years, and the ill-
placed indulgence allowed to the state debtors, for politi-
cal purposes, is now found to be an evil and a serious
one, for they are no longer able to pay as they would
have been, had the amounts been claimed at the proper
time, when the country was in a much more favourable
condition than it is at present. how, small debtors of 10 ,
and 20 francs have one or two soldiers sent to live at free I
quarters, and to eat. up all their substance. Others, who
have paid and hold the receipts of the fiscal agents, are
dragged to prison, to compel them to repayment, be.
cause the agent has not made entry in his books. The
oppression is so great in the mode of levying the tithe or
land-tax, that the extent of corn crops is less than it used '
to he ; and I have the assurance of intelligent travellers
through the provinces of Messenia, Elis, and Tryphilia that
the peasant, by the abuse of power of the. tithe-collector
and the commercial authorities, is plutidered of one-

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