The Sun.
London, England, 1827-09-14 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.,

A rumour having travelled about the city
yesterday, of certain absurd stipulations being,
agreed to by England With the French Govern-
ment, respecting the terms on which Spain is to
be evacuated by France, and Portugal by this
country, we shall only express our hope and be-
lief that the rumour iS 55 untrue as the policy it,
imputes to the British Government would be
disgraceful. When it is said that if Spain should
commit a military aggression upon Portugal, the
troops of France are to withdraw ; and, on the
other hand, that if Portugal should seek vi et
armis to disseminate Constitutional principles in
Spain, then England is to leave Portugal to her
own resources ; one can but remark the same
apparent desire to confound together, for the
sake of being unjust with impunity, the facts
and law of a simple question, which we have al-
ready so often had occasion to notice in the
Moniteur and other Apostolic prints. The
Frends army entered Spain in open violation of
the nationa: independence of the Spaniards.—
Franee kept her' troops in that country, while
the Spanish Governinssnt was, with equal atro-
city, perpetrating a violation of the sovereign
!rad the French
rights of Portugal : although,
Ambassador taken a part as zealous Ind i ndefati-
gable against the treacherous invasion of Portu-
gal, as he notoriously did in favour of it, sio in-
vasion under the disguise of rebellion would bave
been attempted. If, then, France be consistent
in her politics, either she would have recalled
her troops when she saw the criminal purposes
to which their support and protection of Ferdi-
nand against his own subjects were, in the in-
stance of the late attack on Portugal, perverted;
or she must meditate a breach of faith if she now
promises to evacuate Spain in case of another
outrage upon Portugal. This, we say, must be
the fact, supposing that any foundation exists for
the city report alluded to, and supposing that
France be consistent. But in the name of all
that is audacious or puzzle-brained, what means
the attempt at connecting in any manner, the'
• presence of the British troops at Lisbon, or
their departure froni it, either by way of recipro-
city or analogy, with the political manseuvres of
France, or the military movements of her forces ?
—The motives of the English expedition
had no affinity with those or" the French
invasion. The French Bourbon Govern-
ment strove by a crime against the rights of
nations and the honour of Kings to guarantee
the re-establishment of a superstitious despotism
over the Spaniards. The Government of
George IV. discharged, when called upon, the
imperious duties of honour and good faith, by
protecting an Allied Sovereign and an outraged
people, in the enjoyment, the one of his crown,
the other of its liberties. The House of Bour-
bon committed an aggression—the House of
Brunswick repelled one. The House of Bour-
bon destroyed a free Government by force—
George IV. saved it from a foreign war, which
had no other object but its overthrow. If Spain
be now a province of Charles X., it was the in-
vasion, commanded by his son in person, which
reduced a fine country to that shameful condi-
tion. If Portugal be not yet a province of Fer-
vvdinhaantdi,
ushgeghonvige,s
thhearn
,s a fiest yi
tt ow
itthhe Britishcom m common
r soeolpi
sse.
and honesty, to make the departure of the French
troops, as was done by the frionzteur within
these few days, contingent on, or in any way
re-
lated to, that of the English forces ! It was not
(at least avowedly) to break up the ancient and
pacific alliance between the Crowns of Great
Britain and Portugal; or to facilitate the con-
quest of the latter kingdom by Spain, that the
Duke of Angouleme crossed the Pyrenees.—
When, therefore, a pretext sc foreign to the sub-
ject isinvented, to palliate the continuance of
the troops of France, what is it but saying that
,4 our real motive was, from the first, to assist
King Ferdinand in the conquest of Portugal,
and our troops shall not stir a yard from the Pe-
ninsula until, by the departure of the British
force, the ally of England shall be left at the
mercy of our Cousin ?" See, then, how dis-
honesty involves and perplexes its creatures.—
Portugal neither menaced Spain, nor did Pedro
ever dream of attacking her. This silly gossip
about disseminating a Constitution vi et carats
in Spain is a tolerable illustration of the mysti-
fying temper of these bigots in the cause of des-
potism. A Government at the head of 3,000,000
of men is to make an assault " vi et armisr
upon the intellect of a nation of 12,000,000 !
The army we take for granted to be com-
posed of Benthamite philosophers—the bat-
tering train, of 1,000 printing-presses of the very
heaviest calibre ! That the Peninsular questions
will yet be settled,—happily settled, if not
speedily—we have little doubt ; that they can be
, so through any means as yet unfolded in the
speculations of the Moniteur
.and its brethren,
we have no faith whatever.—Tones.

which we extract
fromThtehefoGlllozgiloigw pcarhagrorna
not undeserving of attention at the present mo-
ment, when our fellow-citizens are suffering so
much from the defects of the Police :
" So effectual have been the exertions of the Police in
extirpating crime from Calton, that there is not a case .at
the present Assizes in which their evidence is required.
This happy change is unprecedented since the establish-
ment of that flourishing borough. Last Assizes, Mr.
Leckie had not less than twelve cases of theft before the
Court ; but so successful has he been in clearing the bo-
rough from the stigma of being ' a den for thieves; their
haunts have become so familiar to him, and their motions
so closely watched, that the thieves have decamped to sumo
more favourable field for pursuing their vocations unmo-
lested. The cases before the Calton Police Court are gene-
rally of a trivial nature, originating from intoxication; and
do not at all affect the general morality and good conduct
of the inhabitants."

The borough of Calton forms part of the rich
and populous town of Glasgow ; and if the exer-
tions of Mr. Leckie, the head of the Calton Po-
lice, have been successful in clearing that place
of thieves, there is a strong presumption that the
application of similar means would afford equal
security in the metropolis. It has been said that
there is something so pleasant in the employ-
ment of poaching, that it would be followed in
us applymore gain for
less labour. It is possible, however, that the
the same principle
preferencer delightful occupation
might become so trifling as to make
tur
il,eve
even
to
oomn et
he yielding
very much
of poaching,
the most ecided amateurs relinquish it. Let
to thieving. It can-
not be doubted that thieving must have peculiar
attractions to many. That it is naturally much
more pleasant to steal than to labour, may be
inferred from the circumstance of almost all sa-
vages being very fond of thieving, and very un-
willing to labour. Nay, there is hardly a town
in this island which does not contain one or more
individuals in circumstances which place them
far above necessity, who steal from the mere plea-
sure of stealing. If auctioneers, booksellers,
who are obliged to wink at
and shopkeepers,
many things, were to keep Diaries, some strange
particulars would often be entered in them illus-
trative of this observation. These may be called

amateur thieves. With reaped to the mass of
thieves in a civilized community, most of them, no
doubt, prefer their employment to that of an
honest calling, from the greater excitement it af-
fords. Like all gamblers, the monotony of a
life not chequered by hope and fear would be
unsupportable to them. But it is possible to
deprive their occupation of its chief attraction,
and of this we have a proof in what Mr. Leckie
has done in Calton ; for, by watching their mo-
tions so closely as to make their occupation both
irksome and unprofitable, " they have decamped
to some more favourable field for pursuing their
vocations unmolested." No man would put his
money into a lottery in which there ware not
some prizes. No man would poach if he did
not obtain some game. Though the patience of
an angler is proverbial, no man would angle
long in a stream in which he did not obtain even
a nibble. No man, in like manner, will be a
thief in a place where he is excluded from all
hope of escape. The great point to be aimed
at then is, to make the business of a thief every
where so unprofitable and so irksome, as to be
without sufficient attractions. Parsons may
preach and. Judges may inveigh against the
heinousness of the crime long enough before
they produce any effect on thieves ; and even
the pregnant instruction given by the hangman is
too often thrown away, as we know from execu-
tions being so often selected by thieves for the
exercise of their vocations. All men, and, in-
deed, all animals, hate to be harrassed, for even
rooks will desert a country where they are con-
stantly molested ; and thieves are like other
animals, they love to have their hours of undis-
turbed enjoyment. The robbers in Schiller
sung—" A free life we lead—a life full of de-
light ; the forest is our nightly quarters, and the
moon is our' sun." But in England, all the
measures hitherto adopted would seem to have
had for object the benefit and pleasure of
Thieves. The draughts made from tone to time
from their body merely serve to keep the trade
from being over stocked. If a farmer were not
occasionally to thin his stock, or a preserver his
game, or the owner of a fish pond his fish, the
principle of Mr. Malthus would render them
very uncomfortable. The thieves themselves, if
they were consulted how they could be most
comfortable, would answer, to a mat), by keeping
down their numbers through the aid of justice.
The Judge and the Hangman are, therefore, the
thieves' best friends. The Police, as it exists
in London, would dread nothing so much
as a decrease of thieving; for the more thiev-
ing flourishes, the more do the police flourish.
—The police officers have an interest in the
increase of crime, for their incomes are
derived from the individuals who apply to them
for aid ; and it would, therefore, be as absurd to
expect that they should not wish well to thieving,
as that an Old Bailey Counsellor or Solicitor
should wish all men to be honest. The police
officer looks over his thieves merely as a farmer
looks over his flock of sheep, to consider which
he is to send next to the butcher. In the fairs
in the neighbourhood of the metropolis, a thief
who succeeds in making off with a prize will
have no hesitation in catering a tent where an
officer is, and telling him of his success, and the
particulars of his escape. The officer is a man
of the world, and too polite to interfere to dis-
turb the happiness of another, where his own is
not concerned ; so the joke goes round between
them. But when a high reward is offered, or a
rich banker or merchant feels determined, cost
what it will, to discover a depredator, the officer
feels himself imperiously obhged to be uncivil to
his friend the thief. Among a- people so ci-
vilized as the English, if we wish to effect any
object, we must make it the interest of those
whom we employ as instruments to produce such
a result. It will be said, perhaps, " 0, we see
what you are driving at ; you wish to give large
incomes to the police 'officers." Not exactly ;
for, like other well-paid men, they would fall on
means of doing as little , as possible for their
money. If officers have too much money, they
will not work. What is wanted is unity of sys-
tern, and graduated responsibility. Mr. Leckie,
for instance, is responsible for the order of Cal-
ton ; Mr. Leckie 's reputation is at stake ; and
were he to lose his reputation, he would also lose •
a situation which is no doubt good compared
with his expectations, and the suitable discharge
of which may lead him to a still better. If we
wish to have a good police in the Metropolis,
we must have organization. Lord Mayors who •
bestow an hour or so of that part of their time
which is not dedicated to feasting, Aldermen,
Deputies, and Common Councilmen, Select
Vestrymen, and the other pursy and prosperous
men who waddle into power and authority in the
various divisions of this Metropolis, and who,
so far from acting in concert, are commonly
pulling in different directions, can certainly be
no match for sharp-witted Jews, and swindlers,
and thieves. These functionaries have nei-
ther the power nor the motives for re-
pressing crime ; they are neither responsible
for what they do themselves, or what they do
through others. They have two objects in view
in taking office----the acquisition of importance,
and the acquisition of patronage. One func- •
tionary appoints a watchman, because he has been
very serviceable in running of errands for his wife ;
another Deputy appoints a watchman because he
has a large family—because, being a tailor or
shoemaker, he is too blind to work at his trade
—because he was a regular Church or Taber-
nacle-goer, and good at Psalm-singing, or what
not. The same tradesman, who in his own
business, will look sharply enough after the
qualifications of the men he employs, in his ca-
pacity of Vestryman or Deputy of a Ward is as •
liberal in the exercise of his power of appoint-
ment as a Prime Minister, .when acting on the
--
recommendation of a great Boroughmonger.
We must have a system of Police, organized ac-
cording to the principle which gives efficiency to
every other system. The metropolis and a cer-
tain extent of country round it should be con-
sidered as one whole, and placed, with respect
to Police matters, under one head, who should
be held responsible for the order throughout.—
Under this general Superintendent should be
placed deputies, each in turn responsible for
order in his district. To these deputies again •
should be committed the power of naming and
removing watchmen, officers, &c. and disposing
of them in such a manner, as may appear to them
most conducive to the object of putting down
depredation. For stimulating the diligence of
the different functionaries, premiums might at
the same time be held out, the functionary
in who division the fewest offences compared
with the epopulation took place receiving the
highest, andso proportionably with the others.
As it is extremely difficult to make the people of
England believe that public employment can be
disconnected with public plunder and abuse, it
would of course ,be no easy matter to preserve
even one institution in this country free from
impure influence. Every attempt would, of 1
course, be made to thrust into the higher situa-

F tions men whose Only qualification would be a
desire to enjoy the salaries. The best way of
guarding against the evils of patronage would be
to open the door of promotion to the very lowest
in the scale, and to allow only a limited number
to fill the highest situations who had not filled
the lowest. This is a mere outline, which might
be filled up in a variety of ways. If the great
object of organization and individual responsibi-
lity be attended to, the details are of less conse-
quence. But will any thing like this be at-
tempted ? .No, There are, first, the privileges
of the City of London, and these must not be
infringed in any way. Then the various Parish
Boards, who would fight stoutly for their patron-
age. Then the multitudes who are interested in
keeping crime at a certain amount, from the Old
Bailey Counsellor down to the Police-officer.
The keepers of flash and receiving-houses ; the
• brewers and distillers, to whom the former
belong ; the Magistrate, who is related to the
brewer—all would suffer from the diminution of
• crime—and all would make an outcry against
any change. It is an understood matter in
England, that any man who exposes himself to
any inconvenience in reforming abuses is a fool;
and that the way of wisdom and good policy is
to get through public duty, taliter qualiter,
making as few enemies as possible by touching
• with abuses, and reserving activeness and dili-
gence for private business. Those who are
benefited by the virtue of a public man remain
quiet ; but those who suffer from it are sure to
make a great noise. Hence the rule observed in
England by public men, of leaving abuses un-
touched, is not without its foundation in pru-
dence.—Morning Chronicle.
We would earnestly recommend to the atten-
tion of the Marquis of Lansdowne, Mr. Spring
Rice, and all other persons connected with the
Government of Ireland, the melancholy details
of the state and sufferings of the hordes of the
lower Irish who have lately emigrated to New
Brunswick and elsewhere. These wretched be-
ings, besides flying from poverty and wretched-
ness at home, to a country where no preparations
were made for their reception, have been allowed
to be crowded together on their passage, in a
manner almost as objectionable and appalling as
that in which the evidence taksa some years ago
on the Slave Trade described the kidnapped
Africans to be. The consequence has been, that
disease in various forms has been added to their
other calamities, hurrying no small part of them
into premature death, and leaving on the minds
of the survivors but little attachment, we should
fear, to a mother country, who, in calmly look-
ing on, and permitting such scenes, acts but an
unnatural part. Retaining the opinion we have
already expressed, that emigration is not yet
called for as a necessary absorption of a redun-
dant population, either in Great Britain or Ire-
land, nor would be for many years to come, if
the internal resources of each island were duly
sought out and cultivated ; yet if, in default of
this, emigration is forced upon these poor people
as the unavoidable result of their situation, there
can be but one opinion, we should think,
as to its being the bounden duty of Go-
vernment to see that it takes place under proper
regulations, and, above all, that the cupidity
of captains or shipowners should not be allowed
to plunge these poor people in greater disease
and wretchedness than those which they fly
from ; and that, to whatever spot they go, some
preparations should be made for their reception
and temporary support. What would be thought
of the Government if it allowed the victims of
pauperism at home to rush in crowds to Dover
Cliff,' and cast themselves, reckless of life, into
the sea ? Yet how does the mode of trans-
portation described in the accounts from New
Brunswick differ in effect from such a supposed
case of self-devotion ? And the Government
is as much bound to regulatelthe one, as it would
be to prevent the other. What the true remedy
for the grievances of the lower class of Irish would
be, it would be presumptuous perhaps in us to
pronounce ; but if we were asked to define it,
we should do it in one word—Labour. Let
beneficial labour be found for the people, and
want, and with it discontent, would soon die
away, and we believe, moreover, that a Govern-
ment, looking steadily at this object, and, above
all, disregarding private views and interests,
might speedily accomplish it. But if in this we
are too sanguine, and it is not likely to be ac-
complished—if, insteakof enjoying tranquillity
at home, the Irish peasant is doomed to become
an unwilling outcast from it, at any rate let the
Government guard against the recurrence of
such modes of emigration as those to which we
have adverted—methods alike disgusting to hu-
manity, and disgraceful to a civilized state.—
Morning Herald.
In resuming the subject of our Colonies, we
have to observe that we would neither nnder-
value nor overvalue the advantages of local know-
ledge. Without it Governments at home may
sometimes interfere unnecessarily, sometimes
mischievously ; but, at the same time, it must
be admitted, that with it the dominant party in
the Colony may, from prejudices, habits, and
feelings, be much worse fitted for the task than
those whom they are, in general, so anxious to
relieve from it. One instance is 'as good as a
million. We have great respect for the West
India Planters as a body, and we believe that
very many of the tales of their cruelty which have
been repeated, usque ad nauseant, are founded
on but suspicious evidence ; but with these sen-
timents we should still think the planters but
indifferently qualified for regulating the treat-
ment of their slaves, notwithstanding all the ad-
vantages which perfect local knowledge bestows.
Laying aside this consideration, we shall notice
very shortly two particulars to which we adverted
on Saturday. The introduction of Jury trial
into the Colonies is the first of these. It is dif-
ficult to persuade the people of this country, that
an institution, from which they have received so
many benefits, can fail to confer benefit on others.
They forget that there is nothing in the mere
form of this mode of trial that bestows on it any
peculiar excellence, and that it owes its virtue and
temper of the people fromamong
efficacy to the
whom the Jury is chosen. In fact, should ever
the people of England so far degenerate as to
become the ready servants of a despot's will,
there is none of their institutions from which an
despot would receive such effectual
enlightened desp
support as from that of Juries, by which not only
responsibility is destroyed, by being divided, but
in which the parties are generally so obscure and
little known, as to be unassailable by public no-
tice. When, therefore, the trial by Jury is held
out as a panacea for all the evils of a Colony, it
ought first to be considered what materials for
the formation of an independent and honest Jury
it contains. These, it is evident, no small Co-
lony can possess. No man is independent in a
small community, where his interests are so im-
mediately affected, not only by his conduct, but
by his sentiments, unless his worldly circum-
stances raise him above the necessity of consult 7

' ing the great mini of his circle. • • P®r s!ch Co-
lonies an independent Judge is an infiniely bet-
ter safeguard than the institution of Juies, and
that safeguard, as we noticed on Saturey, they
now possess. The question as to thefieedom
of the press in the Colonies is one of Which we
cannot (der even a proximate solution What
is meant by a free press at home, is as litle fitted
for many of them as a patent stove for . powder
magazine. Nothing, indeed, but a spiri of hasty
generalization,
without regard to in 0 odking cir-
cumstances, could ever induce a man o sense to
advocate the propriety of a free press, t the or-
dinary sense of the word, in India, or in the
Slave Islands. It must, at the same time, be
allowed, that the system of licensing iattended
with formidable objections, not the Ightest of
which is, that by repressing all diagreeable
truths, it not unfrcquently may repres such as
are essential to be known ; and by tainting with
suspiciop all that issues front it, a Reused press
is as powerless to protect as it is to iiure ; yet
how to get rid of this system we do ot exactly
see. When the danger of exciting th passions
of the populace, as in a Slave Island, i so immi-
nent, to refuse to the Governor the paver of nn-
, mediately shackling the hands of the aan, who,
in his :Tort, might scatter firebrands mild death,
would be attended with infinitely gretcr danger
to the society over which he has to Watch, than
any capricious exercise of such a pill- possibly
could be. Perhaps, instead of suprcssing a
paper, the dismissal of its conductor Tight serve
the purpose. The great objection, tht, by sup-
pression for an improper article, an inment pro-
prietor may be deprived of a valuabl property,
would thus be got rid of. That a i.ee Press
should be granted wherever the bad erects to be
apprehended from its establishment ws7; not ob-
vious and palpable, we must be very uconsistent
were we not to contend. When va say that
shackles are necessary, we must be uelerstood to
speak of such Colonies only, where from the
degraded condition of a large portiol of the po-
pulation, or the peculiar nature of tle tie which
unites them to England, the freedomof the press
would, in reality, be the worst an most dan-
gerous of licentiousness.—New Tines.

OLD BAILEY.-SEPT.

These Sessions compiler
Justice GASELEE and Mr.

arc in all 437 prisoners, of
ing is a specification :
Murder 3
Burglary 3
Ripe 1
Cutting and Maiming 1
Forgery: 1
Highway Robbery l5
Housebreaking .... ......... • 7
Coining 3
Uttering Counterfeit Coin 1
Stealing in dwelling-houses 12
Horse stealing 9
Returning from transports 1
tion 1

Of the above number, 85 are
in the City, and 372 in the Cow

iced this before Mr.
Baron VAUGIAN. There
whose crime the follow-

Sheep stealing 3
Beast stealing
Manslaughter
Assault with htent to rob I
Embezzling 3
Stealing from he person B6
ReceivingStolti Goods 8
Larcenies 292
Threatening tcaccuse, with
intent to exhrt money 1
Fraud 2

Total 457
!barged with ciiiiea committed

John White was found " Guilty" of stealing two
gowns, the property of John Lissel.
Stephen Riley was indicted for an assault on
Mary Macpherson, and stealing from her person a
reticule, and the sum of 461.; and
J. 7'rislrain was indicted at the same time for a
felonious receiving of the property.
Mrs. Mary Macpherson, a respectable looking
lady, wife of Mr. Macpherson, of Rockingham-row,
Kent-road, left her house on the 21st of June last,
for the purpose of going to Bedford-square, to pay
some money. She had a reticule with her contain-
ing 461. in notes and sovereigns. She put the money
into the reticule, apart from that which she used for
other purposes, and twisted the string round her
finger. She went to Charing-Cross in a
then walked across 'tlie Seven mobaa—lattei one came
near St. Giles's, at the corner of Buckeridge-street
and George-street; she came to the public-house
which she understands belongs to the prisoner Tris-
tram. She there passed three men, whom she ob-
served standing near a post at the public-house door.
One of the men wore a loose brown coat. He
looked particularly at her, and for that reason she
looked at him. She had scarcely passed him, When
she was seized from behind, and so confined that
she could not turn. In one hand she held a para-
sol, in the other, a reticule. The man's hand came
round her person arid pulled the bag. The two first
pulls were very violent, but not sufficient to force the
bag from her; but at the third pull, the reticule was
forced from her, and the violence of the pull threw
her into the kennel. The string was broken, and a
part of it left in her hand. She then saw a man run
before her, round Buckeridge-street. She followed
him, and gave an alarm. All this took place at 12
o'clock in the day, close to the door of the public-
house. Observed the man that ran, but could not
see his face. She believed that he was one of the
three men she saw previously at the public-house
door, with two others. Gave information of the
robbery at the Police Office. A person of the
name of Flanagan was taken on suspicion. She
once accused that person of being the man who rob-
bed her. She did so from his great likeness to the
present prisoner. Riley was not in custody then,
but he was afterwards taken. She now believes
Riley to be one of the men whom she saw at the
public-house door, particularly as the man Flanagan
was proved not to be one of them.
Wm. Reeves, a boy of twelve years old, living
with his parents in George-street, St. Giles's, was
in that street near the prisoner's (Tristram's) pub-
lic-house on the day in question. Saw Mrs. Mac-
pherson near the public-house on that day about 12
o'clock. Saw the prisoner (Riley) go up to the lady,
catch hold of her side,pull her by the reticule, and throw
her on the ground. Saw Riley then run away round
the corner of Buckeridge-street. He had a brown
snuff-coloured coat on, and corduroy trousers. Had
observed him previously in company with the other
men. They went away when he got up to Mrs.
Macpherson. Saw Riley again on the same evening.
He then wore a different coloured coat. Attended
at the police-office when a person, not the prisoner,
was produced. He saw Mrs. Macpherson at the
office, and recognised her.
Thomas Annes, collecting clerk to Meux's brew-
ery, proved that the prisoner Tristram dealt with
so fptahyernneontt on the
es t2h6attb hoofu
js eu,naenfdrotmhaTt
rhiestrraemeeiavepdarat
iden-
tified by the last witness and Mr. Macpherson. He
believed it was Tristram's wife who made the pay-
ment. He made a mark on the notes at the time
of receiving them, and was quite satisfied as to their
identity.
submitted
thatM nr.oPeliVildLeLnlCPCS, support the
indictment against him for receiving property, know-
ing it to be stolen.
Fagan, a Bow-street officer, had conver-
sations with iristram respecting the robbery,
and also respecting the notes paid to his brewer.
He did not give any additional information with re-
gard to the robbery ; and as to the 101. notes, he
said he received them from a stranger, and that he
was in the habit of frequently changing large notes
for strangers, when he was assured the notes were
good.
Several respectable witnesses were then called,
who gave Tristram an excellent character for several
years.

The Jury, after a short consultation, Acquitted
both the prisoners.

Robert Martin, a boy only thirteen years old
was indicted for a burglary and robbery in the dwell-
ing-house of Mr. Jones, the optician, at Charing-
cross.—The Jury found the prisoner Guilty.
Lyon Lyons, a respectable-looking man, was in-
dicted for stealing a quantity of cloth, gloves, three
gold watches, and a sum of money, and bills of ex-
change to the amount of 10001. the property of Kr.

Matthew Waller, from his premises, in king-street,
Chcapside.
It was understood that the prisoner was detained
since last Sessions under a respite for a robbery in
the house of Dr. Reece.

Mr. Henry Hall, clerk to Mr. Waller, deposed
that he saw the premises of his master safe on Sa-
turday evening, the 16th June, and on Monday
morning he found that they had been broken into,
and that several pieces of goods had been stolen.
The premises were opened from Cateaton-street, by
forcing a panne!. The cash-boxes were opened and
the money was taken away. Several pairs of gloves,
some woollen cloths, and three gold watches, were
also removed. The cash-box, containing eight bills
of exchange, to the value of 1,000/., which were
likewise taken. A box of cigars had been opened,
and it was evident that the thieves had smoked some
of them. It also appeared that they had got at the
wine binn, and drank one or two bottles.
Mr. Cope, the city marshal, searched the prisoner's
house, and found in it a quantity of gloves and cloth,
a part of the stolen property, in a front room ground
floor. It was found in drawers; and the prisoner
accounted for having it, by saying he had purchased
the cloth and gloves from a tradesman, but he did
not give the name of that person.
Mr. Waller identified the property.
Mr. John Croft, a cloth-manufacturer in Cole-
man-street, proved the cloth to be a part of a quan-
tity which he sold to Mr. Waller. It was impos-
sible to identify the cloth by the lamp-light then in
Court, but he had previously inspected it by day,
and was assured of the property.
The prisoner, on being called on for his defence,
put in a written paper, in which he asserted his in-
nocence, and declared that he had always preserved
an incorruptible character until the charge which
had been made against him last Session ; and that
at the time of the present charge he was incapable,
from ill-health, of effecting a burglary and robbery.
He also offered to produce bills of parcels for the
goods, and also to establish, by undoubted witnesses,
that he had been at home the whole of the time in
which it was possible for the felony to have been
committed.

Henry Harris, a general dealer, swore that he had
sold the prisoner some of the property now in the
hands of the officer; but it was not any of the pro-
perty in the present indictment. He knew the
prisoner 14. years, and that he was a respectable and
honest man. Witness saw him on the 17th of
June, he was then very poorly. He saw him after
dinner, about two o'clock, and staid half an hour•
with him. There was no doctor with him. He
was not in bed; was sitting up in a chair. The
prisoner was in the habit of attending sales with wit-
ness. He attended at a sale with him within a
month, but could not recollect where it was.
Joseph Hart, a Jew, who remained in Court,
though all the witnesses were ordered out previous
to the defence, swore he did not hear the order of
the Court. He then deposed that he knew the
prisoner for the last two years, and that he boarded
in his house. The prisoUer was at home ill on the
night of the 16th. He remained all night at home,
and he continued ill the following day. Witness
could swear that the prisoner was in the house, be-
cause he had been under a surgical operation,and was
confined to his house. 1k saw him at home in the
evening of the 16th at ten at night, and at nine in
the morning of the 17th. He also saw him on the
18th. The prisoner bore an honest character. He
attended sales, but did not know whether he went
to them in a hackney-coach. Witness lived in a
back room on the ground floor. He knew that many
customers came to deal with the prisoner, in the friint
room, for goods.
Mr. Solomon Levi, arbitrator of exchanges on the
Royal Exchange, knew the prisoner for 25 years,
and thought him an honest man until the present
charge. He had not been in the habit of going to
the prisoner's, and knew nothing of his pursuits
there.

Mr. Symonds, an importer of leeches, also gave
:he prisoner a good character.
Lazarus Lazarus, Mordecai Moses, Sinaon Cadzes,
sue- weveral other J owes gave the prisoner as -eh...serer

for honesty.
The Jury found the prisoner " Guilty."

MAD DOGS.

To hydrophobia, or madness, all dogs are
liable ; and from this dreadful cause many me-
lancholy events proceed every year. Opinions
differ as to the cause of hydrophobia. It is
usually asserted (though apparently without
foundation) to be most frequent after long, dry,
and hot seasons ; and some experienced -or',
say that such dogs as live on putrid carrion,
without plenty of fresh water, are more liable to
it than others. The symptoms are stated to be
these :—The dog, at first, looks dull—shows
an aversion to his food and to company. He
does not bark, as usual ; but utters occasionally
a most plaintive and dismal howl, which no
person who has once heard can ever forget.—
His ears and tail drop more than usual. He
lolls out his tongue, froths at the mouth, and
his eyes seem heavy and watery. If not con-
fined, he escapes, and runs panting along with a
dejected air, and endeavours to bite any one
he meets. After the first symptoms of madness
there are two or three days, during which the
dog has sufficient sense to distinguish and ac-
knowledge his master ; but, if he is loose, he
will, in general, even at this tune, bite whatever
comes in his way. He will, sometimes, during
this stage of the disease, leave his home for se-
veral hours, spreading his disorder by biting men
and animals, and again return. When in the
height of his disorder, it is peculiarly dangerous
to strike at, or provoke, a mad dog ; for he has
then no fear of anything, and will generally re-
turn the attack. If a mad dog escapes being
killed, he seldom runs more than two or three
days, when he dies, exhausled by heat, hunger,
and disease, In confinement he does not often
survive the fifth day from the first exhibition of
the symptoms. In the last stage of the disease
his appearance is altogether much altered ; his
eyes are sunk—his tongue is black and dry—he
makes horrid howlings—and seems much dis-
turbed. The concluding scene, it is said, is
dreadful to witness. Although the animals, at
the height of their disorder, usually refuse both
food and drink, yet we are assured that they do
not show any abhorrence or dread of water, but
will sometimes lap it eagerly to the last. This,
however, is very remarkable, that although they
lap the water for a long time together with great
avidity, and seem not to experience any uneasi-
ness from it, yet they do not swallow a single
drop ; and however long they continue lapping
it, no diminution in quantity can be perceived.
—Bingley's Animal Biography.

On Tuesday last a melancholy occurrence
took place at the soap-manufactory of Messrs.
Crossfield and Fell, in Warrington. One of the
boilers was charged for the purpose of making
soap, and when it boiled, as was usual, some
vitriol was poured in to bleach the soap, which
caused it to generate nitrogen gas. The stuff'
boiled' furiously, and three of the workmen were
engaged in stirring the liquid, to prevent it
boiling over, when the smell emitted became so
strong that the men fell down, and before assis.
tance could be rendered, the soap boiled over the
sides upon them. One was dead before he could
be got away, and a second lingered till ten o'clock
when he also expired ; the third escaped with a
slight scalding on the Tyne Mercury.