The Sun.
London, England, 1811-10-22 00:00:00

so
UTI

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in ottler to understood the folloWing details, it .is
necesioy to ..Oset thai tit- Junto of Buenos Arreit
itod sent an army to, the aNsistanee.of the Junta of
Potosi, which they Celled the auxiliary, army 'of
Perl. Ihe tr !)ps of Potosi, were euntinanded,by
Balcarce anti those of -BarLIOS Aytei by the De-
puty Castelli, ttill army which they. had, to op-
pose was. commanded by',one Goyoneefie ; and as
Our readers will observe, the united.troops of lineups
Ayres anti Potosi arein to have been coafplttely
dispersed:
•

AYRItS EXTRAORDINARY GAiETTE'
LY 23.
icy a Courier who arrived in this city on the night
of the Igth, lowa have received, the foilowing
accounts of theaction which our army on, the Deal
guarder° was cornopilesf to fight on the of June
last, six days before the attnistice of forty days had

expired. .• •
The situatii) n of. our enemies mtist, Ansleeci ba
(Liberate, ,when they break through laws
and compacts which have been hitherto resootet
y the most barbarous nations, in order to take ad- .
v.intage Qt a sUrpriars to obtain .some-stiberiority.
though but of abort duration, over the decided energy •
of. outtioripi.
.The OovernMent submits'with plea-
sure the original iletters to the.view of the
tant‘, that they niay,all. form a true notion of the
event, and that all alarms may be.dissipated ; the
public mind remaining tranquil with regard to the
ultimate result of our, enterprises, there 'Alit% no •
ground fur alarm on account of a alight miolortune, •
,the riled of surprise and treachery, tlian 01

the ettetny's superiority.
lATTSR'PROM DON JUAN CASTELLI TO THR JUNTA.
' • " ?dacha, June 23.'

4r MOST ExcELLENT Slll4Oll,
" In consequence of an attack by a large division
of the enemy upon an adyancisd post of our cacti!) of
fluaqui, I 4vanced, sucee,sively two divish)os of Abu
army, commanded by Colonels Viamont and Diaz
Velez, on the i stll and. lyth she third division,
tinder she command of Lieut.-Colonel ilolanos, re-
maining ready to march. •
.On the morning of the 20th, I received infor-
mation from Colonel Viamossi, that he was attacked

by tour uu.l;6ious cOlomn ; uprin.'which the ge.
tarok was: beat, and Brigadier Balcarce marched utf

itte.thitA division, which was posted in the centre:
ti,td already formed line with part of our divi.
sion,i, when the enemy opened their fire of tttillery,
the fliNt.Oolls of which passed over my .head ; and

our e,lnnon returned their tire with fir►uness,

. „ .
" The. third division was compoied. of the relti-
Ment of Patriei,ios of la Paii. and of three companies
of the ot,Poehatnaaha/ Before the fire of

niu.ketry cutnmeneed, , we already observed that the
la Paz regiment was wavering ; and, .without tiring
at all, they were dronpiig out of the line, their °di-
cers being the first to do so. They showed them-
selves still greater cowaids when the fire Of ma-
ke, ry commenced ; and all our t.trorts,
and, esen the teat everity J induce them to make a
Stand, were, unavailing.- Under pretext Altai they
did not like i'he business, or that they lia.kno par.
,(which I myself saw some of thisti.tliroar
away Ind conceal), or that their gun-locks were
outtor ordet. they would .nut tight. fob enettiy
made a charge,
,and same of the Companies
,went
over to them, and even tired opeti ur ; w hileithero
began their retreat, or rattier a shameful and rthior-
derly flight ; the reserve could not keep them to
their duty., tor they had the audacity, to. MUCCI) be-
tween their files. The artillery of their division was
thus lost ; and the two advanced divisions of Viii-
mum and Diaz Velez, after sustaining a vigorous
attack for, tour hours, reteeated to, the camp at
Mocha, haVing sustained some , loss, of which I
cannot give you the details. At this moment Ge-
neral Rivera, who commanded the reserve or the
cavalry, observing the signals of attack, came up
to the point of action, and was enabled to cover
the reunion at the divisions, and to oblige the ene-

.my to retire to their camp. The latter-suffeted a
losigi considerable, that, according to all accounts,
it was at least trip'o, our own. We are collecting
the dispersed by the 'routes- of Potosi, Plata! and
Drispoblado;' after which, We 'shall retire to head-
quarters, twilit: purpose of reinforcing the army,
and of acing accordieg to chcum.tauces..
"This reverse, thoughit hes weakened our (tote,
has increased enthusiasm; ,so that we Mly look for-
ward to better success in future over an atrocious;
faithless, and arragsnt enethy, who are anxious to
reduce the people to tiervitudei, and to unite their..
fate with that of the mother-country.
(Signed) et JUAN lose CAttet.l.V."
Then follows a letter from Don Antonio Balearre.
who commanded this army; to the. Pi ovisional .114014
a POtOsi, in which he ascribes the misfortUnes of
thellay to the panic with which the cfNision of the •
patricians of La Pat Were Seized at the moment of
entering into adieu. He estimates WO loss. at ,only
400 pen while that of the enemy who had ;lot ad-
vanced from their old position, was double thatiluin-
,ber... He says, that he will make every exertion, to
collea the dispersed,: and then will, withdraw his
army to the lower provinces. This gaitant officer
gives the following singular account of his own our,
'duct tat the day., of, battle Having remairred
upoltilic heights on the day of the attack, without
feeeiving arty in:coAnts front the officers who corn,
mainied the divisions on my left, at a a report Spread
by ?the fugitives Won. arriving; that they had been
completely routedi I set out op my it-great to Oruro,
which I cooceived to be the best point for
seinbling the troops, which I observed wete march-
'Login a dispersed . state ; but an ecclesiastic- of the
province of 1.0 'Pitz, who had been banished thither,
and other Olt,:itsit:4 fat OW cause, sounded such, an
alortu among the people, that had I not gatie,off
with precipitation accompanied: by tbo Senor De.
tcasielti), 'we should hav,e, been victims of
their fury and as,. tinder those' clicuiustattces,. we
had not t'single soldier to reckon upon, n4i. h4stl die
least knowledge of the army, we were compelledo
take themost pitiful marches that can be iota-
- ,gined, Without horses, or any essistanee, or sleeping
aingte night, with the view of reaching some sale
point (tor whence we might take the nui.snre‘
wed by necessity."
He concludes with saying, that on, his arrival at
the army, for which lie would set out as speedily as
his untortunate siltation permuted, he would give

the Junta evict information with regard in
and ,every lung of iiiipyrtuticL.- for vi,,
general liberty, or retarding the p10,..,:bs 0/. ,i,o
enemy. - .
Inn postscript he • #(104, that it was a friar named
M inuel -Ascorre, acting #i Cilaphiip 40 ihe entry,
aho produced the !light of the troovs ; and b,.45,
that ihis:friar may, possible, be retuoved Irons
ilta,ar,ipy%, • , , . .
-8L1EN44,1A7411.1111,, JULY :?s.—The hula of Go-
yeritln.at have received * conmitioicoißin trota the
pr0vi,,1900,1,4004,0f La Paz, winch informs os, of
the re-union,ol the divisions of our army it) the
town of, and of the ineasures which are
taking to *repair the shght loss which they had
11'1(4 iovn there' are psseolhied brew
tiops 9( the 119 e-) besides the division of Cochant.:
60m0a-; ;and the inhabnants Itavo, recovered from
the,Rl:hln .ifito which the preceding disaster had
throWtmiio44ol,4

JOY rsetOI2ItESPONI)ENCII •
Betevern Captkin .HRYWOOD, of his liritannic
• Ship Nattus,s6,d his E smott-ncy. Don F; X. isLto, Vice-
roy Governor of Monte Vldtt-tt, &v. &c. C 41,111,1
Ha V WCIUD'a LOW*" t(J, the Britannic Merchants at Ilwatos
'Ayres. "

(COPY.)
" Sik-r-We, the undersigned British Merdhants,
re.idetit at Buenos Ayes, beg permission respeCt-
-fully addreitryoar Eteelletcy ulfon the subject of
Cot itter,. iai in tercourse'setNisting bet wean the !Vier-
coants of Great Britain and the'Piovinces 'ofthe Rio
de la Ilata. We are the more confident, that the

obiettEwhic,h we haye to lay belore your Excel!
I,eneY. Y9Nc attention 'trout the sensc: that
anenlightened and liberal system has UCILIdICd this
Government
.in their conduct ito Matiaes.ly 11°0007
towards 44tividatt14 of the Orli:jail thtlion; and
that the British IN/erchalits,at fluent)? Apo, with, a
tee,lin4 of,grnitude
,towaid4 the • Government anti
inhabitants with whom they reside, are :Joxious 1,0

preinote 89 interesting an assocation of commit--
end interests and amity between both $l4
espy teed tq. their. -esteblishment upon a perm :mein
brills, end forthe utility of both.
" wit 6 that'view,i' we have to refer: tq the Alt
of the Geverpinent of these provinces of the 6th of
Nevefther, 11309 which permits a provisional 'retie
to British vessels in the Rio de la Plata, for the in•
trocluttfOte'orinerchandise, under 'certain limita-
tions, as ttee expressed in the said Ad. Many Va'
luable cargoes have in consequence been introduced
at I3uenes Ayres, which, have produced a consider-
able' revertuc to the country, Mill have promoted. the
means of ',exporting, on an extensive scale, the pro-
duce Afeilteate provinces, the fruits of the industry
.
of ..itkittotteofe.
‘‘....wiriti,..thOsee advantages have not beeeetieelly
pirtiiiP> fet) by the British merchants, h.Sa artier
reomedifterent ~causes, partly oecasioned,by too ex-
tensive enterprize in the origin, the introtleation of
.various . articles 1.t.1e known, or unsuitabka to the
wants or the country ; but more materially felt by
the unequal rates of .duties established in the Aran-
ccl..
:19eir onerous operation upon particular
wonliens, and a vartetyoi articles where the valua•
iions have. been out of ell proportion to goods of
shnilar classes and value; end also artieles.of cotton
neanitlitelute, ,ind.others that were tot merly classed
as illicit; tor• the want of a'due regulation of their
true value, .have buenliable to-41,1crent tind indeh.
pito valuations at the Custoto.house, of Which no-
illefollt cases can be 'adduced. The genefal want
of imurrnetion Which the fititish Moored under
upon these matters tor:a length of time; dwing to
that Complicated• modbcif levying the duties,' ties
been the 001414011 cif much' less to incliVidnals, who
haVe been deprived of the benefit of re-eritbarhing
their propt3ity under a moderate transit duty,
The 'particular hardship of the operation of the
Eodes on certain articles was represented to your
xcellency. in behalf of the British IttelCiiatitli by
Lteuf. Ramsay, of his Majesty's ship, Illtslrtoe, on
the loin-01. July, Aetti ; at which your Excetlency
ag,Ushhillii-that an itteuiry would be instituted
to thtileffe‘vt'of ascertaining the (stets ; and that such
measutesetviould be taken as should cornbitte the ad-
vaniars,of the merchant, the receipts of the Tom-
stay, and the respect due to the lases.
"'Thu experience of eighteen wombs; in which '
Merchants have been eugtled in the provi-,,
sional trade of; Buenos 'Ayres, has demonstrated
jtithertrietirar it is in its effects, an unprofitable per.
attached to British individuals
by he Act of the .nth of Novetuuer,
1060, the necestity, 'that cargoes arts
only -to be introluced •by a Spanish consignee, and
produce to'be'exported in the same Initiler, by
adding this expence to their specislations, and with
'the otheeeircenwances already referred to, now' bet
theyy are generally known abroad, have prodoced s ties
edict of neatly a total suigninion of nritish impoita.
Cam* to the river Plate, which is very obvious by the
circumstance of vessels,uf late arriving principally in
ballast ; nod 'this 'general itindetfey of our' collo.
ponderice being of so discouraging a nature SS to al-
I: ford bet small prcispect of trade once coininem:4,...,l,
,
wnich is literally discountenanced under its taco al
term, to the manifest iiijory of the revenues of these
provinces, Arising front Brltith untie, as it is, t 4 Lll3
indiv 'eagogtitt nett, •
"The transit duty has been found, by lung ex-
perience in' the most enlightened countries, rto pros
duce a very considerable itiCitiitte to itit: revenue.—
To Buenos Ayresehe system -of transit to the et e-
vinces without the limit of this government would
be of incalCulable benefit. It would securer ti) this
post an emporium, from which • the Continent cif
South Anierica could bee supplied either hod.
cart lageirouterseis ; and it would' be ti,e 'mutates of
calling illicketelltiity a greeter number of the lalicalr.
•Mg dist f,.ttrillsy•tacitititting the deposit of 14441'44y
of tlitifttfOrhetliolis of the cottony, create new
brenches'tt *trade, still its their infancy or little
known,

Tt.o unequal rates of duties on many in
as established it* the aranrel, the excvssive anti un.
certain valuations of many ethers, particularly a
otton goods, and those that tortnorly wan not ad.
witted to on', the advisniages that would
to the State, and to individuals, &nal tile Ma»
bitshitAnv,r.,if aitonsit duty; the dis flat:tillages to
the British inetchants twin - this •titsabilities under
which they 'now labour, are points ividell we arse
induced to submit Willa coosidetation cat` yoOt
celkulay. tinder the idea thut in your wisdom, welt
a lint of policy Will be adopted turwitreottibine, no.
(Jur teen preseAt caCutultatictai ,tho piotootion Of the

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