The Sun.
London, England, 1842-07-12 00:00:00

LADVEITISEMENT.

IMPORTANT TO ALL THOSE WHO EXPECT TO DE
RIVE BENEFIT FROM DRINKING SODA WATER.—SChWeppe'S
Soda Water is so universally known and appreciated, not only
throughout the United Kingdom, but throughout the civilised
world, that any eneonium on its merits might appear super-
fluous; but as since its original introduction, upwards of half
a century since, many imitators have started up, with more or
less claims to public patronage, J. S. and Co. take the liberty
of reminding their friends and the public that the above Cele-
brated Water continues to be manufactured on the largest
scale and upon the most scientific principles at their chief es-
tablishment, 51, Berners-street, London; and also at their
three branch Manufactories in Liverpool, Bristol, and Derby ;
and that consumers may be supplied with the genuine article at
most of the respectable Chemists, Confectioners, and Italian
Warehouses in every province of the United Kingdom. The
just reputation of their manufacture, and the consequent de-
mand for it, have tempted unprincipled persons (many of them
of apparent respectability) to practice a deception, against
which Schweppe and Co. are anxious to caution the public.
The deception referred to is that of passing off a spurious
article for " Schweppe's," by selling it in Schweppe's marked
bottles. The temptation to this is, the cheapness of the infe-
rior water, although in most cases the consumer is charged the
same. By this artifice a common water is surreptitiously
palmed on the public for the genuine—the reputation of the
later is prejudiced by the substitution of a bad article—and a
cen ain proportimi of the public patronage diverted from its
legiti t ate channel. To obviate these several evils, Schweppe
and Co. have adopted the plan of placing a Red Label over
the cock of each bottle, representing the Royal Appointment
in the centre, and the name of their firm on each side, with-
out which none is genuine. Schweppe and Co. refer with
pride to the fact that they constantly supply the Royal Palaces
of London and Windsor, as well as the principal Nobility in the
three kingdoms ; nor is the demand for their Soda Water less
constant on the continent and in other parts of the world.
Merchants and Shippers in general connected with the Ea‘t
and West Indies and our numerous Colonies are continually
transmitting orders received from their respective agents and
correspondents, and highly gratifying is the testimony
Schweppe and Co. are in the habit of receiving from gentle.
men returned from abroad, of the luxury afforded them by their
Soda Water when met with in tropical climates, and of the
high condition in which it is generally found. The Water
ordered for foreign countries is manufactured with an express
reference to its destination, and it is well known that no other
can equally well endure the variations of climate. Schweppo's
"...emonade is an elegant preparation of more recent intro-
duction, hut from its refreshing and wholesome properties is
rapidiy eel ring into extensive reputation. It is an effervescing
draught of most agreeable flavour, and made of the best mate-
rials, without regard to cost. Physicians and medical men
constantly recommend it in cases of fever, &e., nor is it less de-
sirable as an article of luxury. Every genuine bottle will
have a yellow lable en its side, with the name and address of
the firm. Schweope and Co. are the largest importers of the
German seltzer water, which they receive direct from; a
springs, in quarts and pints, and which they offer to the publi
in the original packages. N.B.—Export orders for all climates
executed on the shortest notice.
" I gee the villain in your face," said a Western
,17:111tha6tnte• melt be persoual reileetieu,
Iri 1t "-IYfay't please your wor-
,:luuli:pls:r•
efo;ll—acnd
41.4444,1340g....411 aching tooth, gnd
.a cote to pap

" Gorpley Mill, July 8, 1842.
" The shopkeepers of Tamorden are getting up a meeting,
and it is likely they will send a Delegate to London.
" It i% the opinion of all parties here that the Conference
should not break up fur some time, unless the Government
bring forward some measure likely to relieve the distress of the
country, and prevent those unpleasant consequences which are
likely to arise on all sides.
" In Manchester business is getting worse every day, and
the report is again revived here of Messrs. Fielden either going
to short time attain, or wholly suspending their works."
Mr. JOHNSON, of Derby, was then called upon by the
Chairman, and proceeded to address the meeting. In
the observations he made to them on Saturday he had
proceeded so far as the article of ribbons, which was a
c,nsiderable manufacture in Derby. He had stated
that one house had turned away a great number of their
best hands, in consequence of their being unable to dis-
pose of their goods at any price. In the article of lace
they had one mill mantifactUring the largest quantity of
that article of any in the empire, but the proprietors had
found it necessary to reduce their prices from 15 to 20
per cent. within the last few months, and they were sell-
ing very little ever since that reduction. In Nottingham,
where the manufacture of lace was carried on to a much
greater extent than in Derby, a gentleman had stated
to him that he was buying a description of lace at Is.
a yard for which he had paid 21s. when he had opened
business in the year 1824. With regard to the article
of silk, for which there were three or four large manu-
factories in Derby, he had been informed by some of the
proprietors that they were in a much worse condition
now than they were in even in December last. The
wages in that branch had not given way, but the business
was now carried on at a loss to the employers, and fewer
hands were engaged. There were now from thirty to
forty per cent. less paid in wages in that department
than in the years 1836-7. He believed that a similar
observation would apply to the article of velvet. With
regard to the article of porcelain, of which they
possessed one of the largest manufactures in the
kingdom, he believed he might say there was a dimieu-
tion of one-third in the number of persons who were
employed in that manufacture, and the amount of wages
had of course decreased in proportion. Under the head
of j wellery, he found that one house which in the year
1836 was doing a very large business in the American
market, and which was paying from 2501. to 3001. per
week in wages, employing eighty or ninety hands, did
not now employ a third of the number, and the wages
were limited to about 15s. for each hand. The wages
paid in the jewellery trade did not amount to one-third
of the sum 'mid in 1836 or 1837. They had two or three
watch manufactories, one of which employed about thirty
hands in the year 1836, but the number was now reduced
by one-third. They had in Derby some mills engaged
ie the doubling of cotton for lace, in one of
which, although belonging to a gentleman of
' great capital, the Member for North Derhyshire,
the men had been put for the last three or four weeks
upon short time, and were now working but four days
per week. That was the first time such a circumstance
had occurred in the establishment in question since its
erection. The proprietor of another mill had told him
that, although they had no reduction in time, or in the
number of hands employed, he found they would be
obliged to make such reductions in a very short time as
a matter prudence. When he stated that his in-
formant was Mr. Stutts, the meeting would be aware
that if he were compelled to reduce his hands, that
would arise from a declining trade, and not from
a want of capital. Under the head of silk
hosiery and gloves, he found, from the infor-
mation of the parties themselves engaged in those
manufactures, that they had declined to an almost in-
credible extent. There was one house engaged in the
silk hosiery manufacture. which paid 300/. a week in
1 wages, and which had since become insolvent. He had
been informed on Saturday last by a partner in a house
which paid 300/. a week in wages in 1836, that their
weekly payments now averaged about 50/. There was
' another house in which 2301. a week was paid in wages
in 1836, and which now paid but 50/., and the proprietor
of which informed him that his business was daily declining.
Another gentleman, who carried on business there, and
also resided in London, paid in 1836-7, 2401. a week.
He gave up business two years ago to his manager, a
person who had something like 7001. or 8001. This person
lost all his money, together with several thousands be-
sides, and was then holding a situation in Nottingham,
and the machinery employed in that manufactory was
lying rusting and useless. Another house, the largest in
the trade, Messrs. Brettle and Co., had an establishment
in Belper, and they used to attend every week in Derby
to take in work in a peculiar branch of the trade. 'They
had now discontinued that branch altogether.—(Hear.)
Another gentleman who used to pay 2001. a week now
paid only 251. Taking all these together, the sam paid
weekly for wages in 1835 was 850/.. which now only
amounted to 125/. There were two other houses,
which, at the lowest estimate, paid in 1836-7,
350/. a-week, and now paid about 751 Thus making
in the better class of manufacture of hosiery
1,200/. paid in 1836 and 1837, now diminished to 2001.
This was a diminution of 50,000/. a-year in that branch
of manufacture alone.—(Hear, hear.) This was
a trade too which had not been injured by a change of
fashion. There had been no change in the machinery
for a hundred years, and lie believed that very little
alteration had taken place for 240 years, the time when
the present machinery was invented. lie would tell them
before he sat down, what was the cause of the great
depreciation in the foreign trade, because he would make
a few observations in answer to a very important ques-
tion put last week by the Chairman, namely, if there
were any authentic facts relative to the falling off of
any branch of the foreign trade ? They were told by one
Cabinet Minister that our trade had been injured by a
change of fashion, and they were told by the Premier
that our trade was bad because of improvement in machi-
nery. The facts he had stated were a complete answer to
both these fallacies, for in this trade there had been no

change in fashion, and no improvement in machinery.—
(Cheers.) The question might be asked, what had be-
come of the workpeoplo ? '1 his he could not tell ; but
three days before he arrived in London a person came to
him who differed in politics with the working classes—
for although himself agreeing in the principle of the
Charter, still he was one of the greatest opponents to the
modt,,—t he madness—with which it was proposed to carry
those principles into execution. 'This man came to him
(Mr. Johnsom) and said, " Mr. Johnson, I am come to
bid you good bye. 1 nut now going to the relieving
officer for a sentence of transportation. I have no work.
I have bird no food-for two days ; I have starved till I
can starve no longer. I have been in the town of
Derby nearly thirty years. I belong to that miser-
able pace Hinckley. I have a family grown up
and married ; they maintained me as long as they
could. They also are short, of employment, and I
am now going for a sentence of transportation, or
to be stilt to a dungeon or a bastile." This man was a
man of good sense, and almost unequalled in his work.
He had heard him speak with great good sense, and here
he said, that he was going for sentence of transporta-
tion,i a.sinai theil applying
tof‘ovi relief, he supposed ho would be
removed from town. Whether he was removed, he
(Mr. Johnson) could not say. This was a picture of the
situation of the working-classes. His next inquiry was
how far the distress was operating on the retail trade.
In doing so, he would refer not only to large establishments,
but also to several of t!,ose which almost entirely depended
upon the casual custom of the poor. He had spoken to
one gentleman, who said his business had fallen off one-
third, and that business had been worse the last five or
six weeks than any previous time. Another gentleman
in a country district, entirely agricultural, had said his
town business had fallen _ off very considerably,
his country business was about the same as
usual, but his receipts were six hundred pounds
year.when
two e
r came
aaot than less
7itt theela samea) t
to the !owe,- class they found the falling off still greater.
Another class of tradesmen was the butchers. Ile had
highest
s(t.
tradesmeni me last
inquired of several of that body. He had consulted
three of the most influential, one of whom was a Con-
servative. This latter gentleman gave him the number
of cattle he had slaughtered in June, 1824, at a time
when meat was cheap. In 1824 he slaughtered 136 ;
iu
1188:;25, 109n51 8 'y
Coming
to 1841, he slaughtered 96, and
in . (Mr.. Johnson) asked him if he
thought the number of his customers had fallen off, and
he said' he did not think it had. He said the consump-
tion had fallen off one-third altogether. He said he
used to take more money on a Saturday thaw he
was now taking during the whole week. Taking the
parts that are purchased by the poorer classes, the best
parts being selected for family customers, he should say
that the business had fallen off two-thirds. Now, this
was the first butcher in the town of Derby, a gentleman
of very high Conservative politics, and knowing for what
purpose the information was obtained. He hoped these
facts would go through the Press to the country.—
rin
(Cheers.) He then came to the drapers , and one
Pgen-
tleman told him that, although he had been in business
a great number of years, ever since December,
1825, he was now scarcely taking sufficient ready money
tb(1).1 ssupportiliSs. familyl.Lllisnot her gentleman, is wasp
whoe i
baeilloed to a reli-
gious sect—and it was well known that in all religious
sects where religion was rigidly acted up to, that they
supported each other in business—in this case he ex-
pected that there would be but a small diminution, but
he there found a total stagnation. lie said that if there
was not a change they would be obliged to shut up
their shops. He said he found that business had
diminished the greatest since Whitsuntide. Now
this -gentleman had hitherto kept aloof from their agita-
tion, but he no was coming forward in it. One gentle-
man told him that he used to tale 251. on a Saturday
after they had lit the gas, and now they did, not
Wag ad DAV ObiLlilaga. 404 "de goeMed to 14 Oa'

'enly gone altogether. and he thought at last nothing
but a repeal of the Corn-laws would benefit them.
(Loud cheers.) The next was the clothier business.
lie met a g ntleman. a member of the Town Council.
and he asked him how he found business ? al d he said
hat it never was so bad, but since Whitsuntide it had
fall n off altogether, and where he used to employ 28
men, he now only employed seven or eight ; and those
he employed because they were tenants, and merely to
keep them from starving. In the shoemakers'
trade he tiinnd that it was equally bad. He
called on one gentleman, who said that where he
used to take 251. he now only took 5/. lie
complained bitterly of the new tariff, as though he
knew no more about supply and demand than a goose.—
(Laug-hter.) He (Mr. Johnson) told him that the ex-
pense of getting up the shoes and sending them over
here was a good protection, and he, at last, quieted his
fears. It was the same with the provision-dealers.
He found throughout the town that the business
had fallen off one-third, and. in some cases, one-
fourth ; and where persons used to take 301.
and 40/., they now only took 101.—(Hear, hear.)
He would now take the case of the publicans, and in
their trade the falling off was as 6to 13 ; here he was
aware he should be met by the state of the Malt-tax,
but as far as Derby was concerned the duty paid was
one-third less in the present year. Having given an
account of the state of their manufactures, and the in-
fluence of a decrease of employment and wages in
the retail trades, he would now state how these circum-
stances operated on the poor, as ascertained from the state
of the Union houses. In all he should advance under
this head. he should be able to give Conservative autho-
rity. In the poor-houses of the Derby Union, the number
of inmates in the first week of July, 1840, was 136; in
the corresponding week of 1842, the number was 219.
In the Belper Union, which was two-thirds agricultural,
and one-third manufacturing, and where there existed
other tilrtuitons advantageous circumstances in the
way of employment, the number of poor in the house
in the first week of July, 1841, was 119 ; in the corre-
sponding week of 1842 the number was 229. In the
Shardlow Union, which was entirely agricultural, where
the labourers were to be found on the hills, and in the
green fields, and under the bright sunshine, and in ail
those happy- circumstances described by' the Home Se-
cretary, the number of poor in the house was
even greater. From the statement of the medical
officer of the union, it appeared that the number of the
poor in the house in the first week of July, 1841, was
150; in the corresponding week of the present year 250,
or an increase of 100.—(Hear, hear.) In the three
unions the total was:—in 1841, 405; in 11842, 696; or an
increase of 291. This was the effect which the want
of.' employment, mainly caused by the Corn-laws, had
on the poor. lie should net enter into any lengthened
detail as to the increase of the rates, as it was desirable
that the facts should be condensed into as small a com-
pass as possible. lie would now show the influence of
this depression of trade, in the increase of crime. He
should read an extract from the Report of the Visiting,
Justices of the county of Derby, from which it ap-
peared that—
" The number of commitments during the last quarter,
up to the 24th of June, has been 197 from the county, and
35 from the borough ; the number for the corresponding
quarter of last year was 143 from the county. and 28 from the
borough, showing an increase of 54 from the county (chiefly
of felonies), and of seven from the borough.
" The average number of prisoners for the last quarter has
been 187 from the county, and 26 from the borough; the
average number for the corresponding quarter of last year was
159 from the county, and 26 from the borough, showing an in-
crease of 28 from the county, and no difference from the
borough:
" The number of priionere in the gaol, exclusive of debtors,
is 210 males and 16 females from the county, and 26 males
and five females from the borough, making a total of 257: the
total of the corresponding quarter of last year was 210, being
an increase of 47 from the county, and no difference from the
borough ; the above 257 is a larger number than has been in
the gaol before. •
" The number of prisoners for trial at the present sessions is
62, not one of whom is reported to 'read or write well;' the
number for the corresponding quarter of last year was 37, being
an increase of 25."

'rho Chairman of the Visiting Justices, who was also the
Recorder of the town of Derby, John Balguy, Esq., said,
in his charge to the Grand Jury at the last Quarter Ses-
sions—" Without venturing to speculate upon the causes
which have led to it, he could not help expressing his
regret at the state of the calendar which was now before
him. During the years which he had had the honour of
presiding over this Court, he did not recollect ever
having seen such a calendar, both as regards
numbers and the weight of the charges which
it contained. Almost every offence known to
the law was to be found in it—burglary, sheep steal-
ing, horse stealing, cutting and maiming, and other minor
offences ; and happening, too, at this season of the }ear,
it not only increased his regret, but his surprise, to find
such an enormous calendar presented before them. lie
did not, however, consider it necessary for him to occupy
their time with observations on individual cases ; they
were all acquainted with the duties of Jnrymen. and
feehog assured that they would discharge their duties
with due eon,ideration, he would at once dismiss them to
their labours." These were the observations of a high Con-
servative, who had been for several years Chairman of the
Quarter Sessions. In the town there were many p arsons who
had only from Is. 3d. to Is. 6d. per week to live upon.
The average cost of the maintenance of the individuals
in the gaol he found was 2s. 6d. per head per weeek ;
in the gaol they neither gave meat, milk, coffee, nor
beer ; they lived entirely upon bread, oatmeal, potatoes,
salt, and water. The inmates were fed according to a
" sliding scale," for whenever a person was committed,
his weight, was taken, and registered. When they had
been prisoners two or three months, they began to sink
in weight, and then they were allowed a red herring
occasionally.—(Hear, hear.) Never, except in cases
of illness, had they any other food than that which
had been stated above. In the Derby poor-house the
average cost was 2s. Id. per head, and it had struck him
as a remarkable fact, that while in gaol, where the in-
mates lived worse, they cost more than in the poor-
houses. But it had been explained in this way, that in
the gaol the inmates were adults, while in the poor-
houses they consisted mostly of old persons and children.
Taking the average of both gaol and poor-house, the
'cost of maintenance was 2s. 3d. per head, and when
they considered that the provisions for both places were
purchased in large quantities, cooked in the most econo-
mical manlier and by the best apparatus, and that yet it
cost 2s. 34. per head to keep body and soul together,
how the poor, who gave twenty per cent, more
for their food, who purchased it in small
quantities, cooked it in the most wretched
way, and had to find fuel, house-rent, and clothes on
less than half the sum—how these lived, God only knew !
—(Hear, hear.) He had asked them, and none could
tell him ; the deprivations underwent could be
felt but never described. .A question had been put
the other day as •- to • whether there were any
authenticated facts that would prove the Corn-laws
interfered with employment, and whether their repeal
would benefit the country immediately ? He would give
an instance from three gentlemen carrying on trade in
Derbyr and owning three mills, one ter throwing silk,
the other for weaving tape, the other for weaving rib.
bon. The tape concern, though only built for five years,
had carried on business till they got no profit
whatever, and they had then attempted that
which was always tho dernier resort in all
places—a reduction of wages. They alleged they were
paying rather higher prices than those paid by the trade
in other places, and they attempted a reduction of wages.
The men turned out, and after three or four months
came to work again at the old prices. This was tried
for two months, but the firm failed in their bene-
volent object, and at last sold the . machinery of
the concern. 'With respect to the other mills he had
asked what they were paying, and he was told not one
third of what they did a year ago. The senior partner
of this concern, which belonged to two or three brothers,
was extensively engaged in commerce in Liverpool, and
had two agents in Canada, at Quebec, and Montreal, had
stated that if they could exchange their manufactures
for American corn, flour, bacon, and beef, from the

United States, they could set their mills into full em-
ployment at once, and -get such returns as would
enable them to give constant employment. This
was a practical answer to the question, and
one about which there could be no dispute ; if
they were allowed to import provisions, those hands
who were now idle and starving in Derby, might be fully
employed.—(Hear, hear.) The next ease he should
give was that of a gentleman who had been in business
for himself ever since 1837. He was a single man, of
careful habits, and actively industrious, with a large
capital, that if put out to interest would have sup-
ported him better than if in trade ; yet with all this
business and capital, he doubted whether he was the
same man as he was when he began business in 1837.
lie gave some instances of losses upon sales in America,
which would not have happened could he have taken
their corn and flour in the same way as their rice and
tobacco. This gentleman used to consign to New
York, but had left off doing so as he could
not get returns. This was another practical
answer, and it would not be denied that the effect would
be as this gentleman had described it. A few days since
he was at Nottingham, and called on Messrs. Cripps and
Co., who had just received their returns from New York.
I by the Columbia, and he had an extract from their
I agent's letter, in which it was stated that the
time must shortly come, when they must be allowed
to take the provisions of America in payment for the ma-
nufactures of England. It was not ti ue, as had been
stated; that machinery was the cause of the distress ;
it so happened that in the places where the least pro.-
gress and change had been made in machinery, the
greatest distress prevailed. Wherever the best improve-
ments in machinery had beeu adopted, there had been an
increasC in prosperity. Let the same system, therefore,
he Carried into agriculture, and their own prosperity, as
well as that of the country, would be improved. He
should not go into the general policy of the question,
nor state what should::be Lthe. course to be talten by the
League. But if die changes they, expected were not
obtuned 4:941 gle aristocracy, i 6 *mid be like duty a

Mr. T. CULLEN, Mayor of Bolton, next addressed
the meeting. Ile observed that nothing could be w6rse
than the present situation of Bolton. The principal
trade of the place consisted of cotton-spinning, iron-
foundries, machine-making, and hand-loom weaving ;
all of which branches were as depressed as they
could possibly be. There was one ex tensive iron-
foundry in the town, at which wages at the
amount of 7001. per week were paid last year, and at
present the same establishment only paid 100/. a week
in wages. The establishment of another extensive iron
founder and machine maker, Mr. Abanson, was closed.
A number of the mills in the borough were working
only short time—only three days a week. Some of
the most respectable of the employers of the
hand-loom weavers were obliged, as each warp
was finished by their men, to discontinue fur-
nishing employment on account of the depression of
trade consequent on the want of demand. The result
was that several weavers were thrown out of employ-
ment. He (Mr. Cullen) was himself a manufacturer
and cotton spinner for upwards of twenty-six years, and
at present the bad state of times compelled him to close
his mill, He was at the present time Mayor of Bolton,
and he could assure the meeting that if Ministers pro-
rogued Parliament without doing something to relieve
the people, he could not vouch for the peace of the bo-
rough. He would not take up the time of the meeting;
by speaking at any greater length, as they fully under-
stood the distressed condition of the country.
In reply to a question from Mr. SIDNEY SMITH,
Mr. CULLEN stated that the immediate effect of the
repeal of the Corn-laws would be to cause him to open
his mill instanter. The same effect would be produced,
he believed, on other employers whose establishments
were now closed—upon iron founders and machine-
makers.
Mr. SIDNEY SMITH then observed, that the reply just
given to his question showed the fallacy of the doctrine
that the increase of machinery -caused a falling off in
the employment of the population; far here was the very
business of machine-making in a depressed state, while
the manufacturing population were still badly employed.
Mr. CULLEN observed that some time ago a reduction
of 10 per cent. took place in the wages of the cotton-
spinners of Bolton, and since then the demand was con-
siderably less than before.
Mr. B. B. MOORE rose to call the attention of the
meeting to the following document :
Derbyshire, twelve miles from Manchester.
GLOSSOP DALE.—Population 14,000.
UNOCCUPIED PREMISES.

There are at present 12 mills unoccupied in the Glossop
Union, and 189 houses. A few years ago every mill was occu-
pied, and every house. Several on short time.
REDUCTION OF WAGES.

A reduction of ftilT2.sperCent. has taken place in the wages
of the operatives since 1838. In some departments the reduc-
tion is over 25, in others rather under—the average is 25.

Elf PLOYMENT.
Hundreds are at present totally destitute of employment, and
several thousands are working short time. Men who three
years ago were earning 255. per week, are now doing the
work of boys for Bs. or 9s. per week. In 1838 an unem-
ployed person could scarcely be found. All the mills were
working full time.

TRADESMEN.
Several shopkeepers have given up business on account of the
falling off in their trade, and the difficulty of getting in debts.
Drapers scarcely sell half the goods they sold in 1838.
Tailors and shoemakers in general have not more than half
employment, and many of them have scarcely a day's work in
a week. The working people are obliged to wear clogs; few
of them can now afford to buy shoes. The master shoemakers
are not using half the quantity of leather they used in 1838.
The provision dealers take a third less money in a week than
they took in 11E38. The demand for cheese and butter, tea,
coffee, and sugar, has fallen off exceedingly. The principal
part of the money now expended in provision shops 4 for meal
and potatoes.
Butchers who each killed one or two cows per week have
been obliged to join in the purchase of one cow, so that now
the same persons do not sell more than one quarter or half a cow
per week. The slaying of other cattle has fallen off in like pro-
portion.
Surgeons, schoolmasters, &e., have great difficulty in ob-
taining payment for their labours, and are subject to heavy
losses, and hundreds of children are growing up in ignorance,
because the parents are too poor to pay 2d. or 3d. per week.

TAUPERISM.

In 1838 there were 89 adult out-door paupers and 48
children. The adults were chiefly aged people and widows, and
the children the children of widows. In 1842 there are 303
adult out-door paupers, most of them able to work, and 315
children.
In 1838 there were 26 in-door paupers : in 1842 there
are 101.
In the quarter ending June, 1838, 130/. 15s. lel. were paid
for out-door relief; in the same quarter, 1842, 2131. Os. 7d.
The rate of relief is.much lower now than in 1838, owing to
the number of paupers, and the decreased ability of the rate-
payers to pay rates.
A rate of one shilling in the pound now produces 2001. less
thin in 1838, owing to the depreciation of property, &c.
lie said it was of very great importance that the state of
every place in the country should be made known. If
the Delegation did nothing more than make the condi-
tion of the people known it had effected a great good to
the cause of the people and the cause of righteous le-
gislation. Mr. Villiers was to move an amendment
to-night in the House of Commons, on going into a Com-
mittee of Supply, to the effect that the Corn-laws should
be immediately repealed. He trusted that the debate
would be continued till Thursday, when Mr. Roebuck
was to br rig on his motion. He thought that the dis-
tress and sufferings of the country could not be impressed
too often, either in the House or out of it, on the minds
of the people.
Mr. Alderman Jourasorr said that Sir Robert Peel had
often argued that the distress in the country could nut
be very great when the deposits in the Savings' Banks
were increasing. Now, though lie (Mr. Alderman John-
son) did not place much reliance on the Savings' Banks
as a barometer of tae people's condition, yet as the argu-
ment had been used by one so high in station, and of such
influence as the Prime Minister of England, he would
show that the deposits in the Savings' Bank of Derby did
not exhibit a prosperous condition of the people of that
district. The amount received of depositors from the
20th of November, 1841, to the 20th of May,
1842, was 11,6321. 4s. 2d., whereas the amount paid
to depositors during the same period in sums above
five pounds, was 12,970. 7s. 2d., thus showing
an account of upwards of 1,000/. more paid out of the
bank than was received. Ile had some conversation
lately with a farmer on the subject of wages, by whom
he was told that the wages he generally gave his
labourers at present were 10Y1. per day. He asked if
any food were given in addition, and the reply was that
it was 10id. a day and nothing else. There was such a
great supply of labour in consequence of the manufac-
turers not being able to absorb the surplus population,
that work could be obtained at almost any price. That
was 10 miles from perby. There was another village four
miles south of Derby where, unless the trade of the
blacksmith and the shoemaker came under that head,
there had never been any kind of manufacture, and
where until lately it was very rare for any one to be out of
employment. Two or three months ago he was told by
one of the farmers of the village that there were then ten
or it dozen men in the village, who were employed by the
I surveyor of the highway in getting gravel and in break-
I ing stones.—(Hear, hear.) in the whole agricultural
1 district around Derby the people were beginning to feel
deeply the pressure of the times, and pauperism Was
fearfully increasing.
Mr. SIDNEY SMITH said he had been informed lately
by a Russian gentleman, that in Rassia, the population
of whin was 45 millions, there was not a single pair of
' stockings worn by the common people.—(Hear, hear.)
He might also add that no one in the army under the
rank of a commissioned officer wore stockings, and even
of
evexn..
no i nar !!)(_e
commissioned officers themselves were
t
1 ceptions to the rule. Thus there were 45v Finn u
people who were only waiting of our
for stockings. They
ports to become our customers , . . .
knew very well that when oiicc a people acquired a tart©
for the opening
for what to them was a luxury, it soon, became a stec”-.
nary.—(Hear.)
n
• the district which by xePrukted 'WISI4 4 eti
at the
omrson, of Sarldlewortb' said
The Rev. ROBERT T

au mat district tie a were
a great number of persons who occupied smat 1 dairy
farms, besides being engaged in manufactures. 'Those
farms were a great assistance to them. Last Ohrist-
mas there were 55 farms unoccupied. The wages had
fallen one-third since 1828 and 1832. The ntranta .r of
insolvencies in the same period was 116. The amount
of liabilities upon 45 of their insolvencies was 6534.001.,
and the average dividend paid upon all of them: was
2s. 10 -'td. in the pound.—(Hear, hear.) The following
document might be relied upon, as it had been. prepared
with great care :
Result of an inquiry into the state of employmewt or the
labouring population of Saddleworth, in the West Riling of
Yorkshire, carefully made by competent persons on the alith,
21st. and 22d days of June, 1842, distinguishing those wiho
are fully employed from those entirely unemployed, and frost
those partially employed.
In6u
number
r, e
including
c tirelnuodwipopulationngl64th,
eand inmatesowf
who, though
parish,f ti ema
speporeoarri
poor-house,
tule :d census,
eedw,h is
a°43r7
much better clothed and better fed than the greater part of
the unemployed and partially employed.
Of 8,169 labourers, the total number in the parish, 2.912
were fully employed, 1,828 half employed, 310 one. third em-
ployed, 526 one quarter employed, and 2,583 totally unemployed.
children
roes yearst,i
kitho ofa
l
The remaining number of 8,496, not included in this return,
consists almost entirely of merchants, manufacturers, shop-
akeepers,
da fe innkeepers,%v
owners
landed h
property,ln
und e nine
men ; and are almost without exception, closelyand
professional
connected
the interests of trade. In their several degrees, they
ithzng n.
yafeeoall
participating in the sufferings occasioned by
tinned depression of manufacturing industry. Numbers of
them are gradually and swifty sinking into a state of pauperism,
and, owing to the great depression of property, and the utter
impossibility of collecting rents, the landed proprietors are suf-
fering in a degree not exceeded by any other class.
All the manufacturers in that part of the country with
whom he had conversed were of opinion that if they had
a free trade in corn the workpeople would have imme-
diate and full employment.—(Hear, hear.) As a minis-
ter of the Gospel, he had observed in his visits amongst
the people of his tlistriet that they were gradually and
fearfully declining itt health and strength. In one in-
stance he had met with is poor woman who had become
a lunatic in consequence of the distress in which her
husband and family were iftyolved. The same state of
things existed in the surrounding districts. When he
met his brother ministers, the time which was formerly
spent in. talking over other matters was occupied in
talking of the distresses of their respenave neighbour.
hoods.
The CHAIRMAN said lie was glad that gentlemen had
that morning directed a great part of their observations
to the immediate effect of a repeal of the Corn-laws—
(Hear, hear.) Sir James Granam lied last week talked
of an improvement which was to take place in six or -
seven years. Here were positive statements by men
scattered all over the .country—rneu of business arid capi-
tal—men who kni?w the state of trade, and the demand
for particular articles—positive statements as to whet,
in their (pinion, would give employment to the starving
people. %.%'as it not probable that such niers were right,
and that Sir James Graham was wrong ?—(l3-ear, hear.)
It was .deoinred, on all hands, that if the Corn-laws
were repealed, immediate relief would be afforded.
Mr. limersoN said if the Corn laws were repealed he
would take on 100 hands, and guarantee that in 14
days there should not be an unemployed workman its
Sheflield.—(Hear, hear.) This was the proper reply to
Ministers. If they did not know how to remove the
distress they were now told, and they were bound either
to find out some other remedy, or to adopt that which
was suggested.—(llcar, hear.)
Mr. CHAPMAN, of LoUghborough, said he was per-
suaded, not only from the statements made in the Con-
ference, but equally from what he had seen and heard in
his own district, that the country was in very great peril.
It appeared to him that the safety of this country con-
sisted in the proper exercise and maintenance of die
rights of property ; but the labouring mail had rights as
well as the possessors of estates, and if the rights of hun-
ger pressed upon those of the, possessors of property, it
was impossible that peace could be maintained. The
following letter, which he had received from Loughbo-
rough, would show the state of feeling in that town
is the decided opinion of the manufacturers and of the more
reflecting portion of the working-class here, that a repeal of the
Corn-law would produce immediate relief. I have shown your
letter to Alesssrs. Pagets and White, and to your query
on this point they say, " It is our decided belief that
a repeal of the Corn-law would bring speedy relief,
inasmuch as the Americans, who are our best and al-
most only foreign customers, and who could consume im-
mensely more of our goods than they can pay for non', would
then immediately send us their corn, and take what goods they
required, which would cause an increased demand for the goods
which they would take. and also an increased demand for
goods for our own market, required in consequence of the
American orders and the increased ability of our people to buy
goods for themselves, through the greater cheapness of their
food, which must necessarily follow the free introduction of it
from foreign countries." In addition to the foregoing opinion
of the above parties, I beg to say that numerous American mer-
chants, with whom we (Paget and White) have (healing, are
uniform in their opinion as to their power to infinitely in-
crease their consumption of British manufacturers, were
they allowed to pay for the same in produce. An
extensive Boston merchant, who is now in this country
shipping his purchases for the winter-trade, told us
a few weeks ago, that were our Cern-laws repealed he
could buy fifty times the amount of British goods he now does;
he said he should at once cease purchasing German and French
goods of such makes as he could get here, and this in conse-
quence of the power of the English to consume a vastly greater
amount of American produce in consequence of the limited ex-
-1 tent of our land and our expensive diet, than the cheap provi-
I sinned countries of the continent.

Mr. RAYMOND said he resided for seven years in
America, and from long intercourse with the Americans
he was convinced that if the Corn-laws were repealed it
would be the means of opening a vast commercial inter-,
course between England and America. No people were so
desirous of keeping up a respectable appearance as the
Americans. None were so ready to encourage English
manufactures as they were, and from the reputation
which English goods had acquired in the American mar-
kets he felt convinced that the English manufac-
tures might have almost the exclusive supply of that
country.
Mr. li. RA.wsoN then proceeded to make a statement
relative to the distressed condition of the inhabitants of
Coble. Before, however, proceeding to read his state-
ment, he would observe that the people of Colne would
have sent a delegate up to this Conference, but that such
was the excited state of the district, that the persons
residing there did not feel it safe to leave their property,
and that was the yeas m why none of them had attended
the Conference. Mr. IL Rawson then read the follow-
ing statement :

"Coine, July 1, 1841.

" The population of this town and township is 8,400 persone.
The progressive increase of distress and destitution, during the
last fifteen months, may in some measure be estimated by the
alarming increase of pauperism. The total number receiving
relief for the quarter ending 25th of March, 1841, as taken
from the Town's-book, was 754. For the quarter ending 25th
of June, 1,133 ; the quarter in Sept., 1,283 ; Dec., 1,478.
In March 25, 1842, 1,691 ; June 25, 2,073. Our present
relieving officer has been in office a year and a-half, and he now
states that when he first came, he pawl the paupers of Colne
with ISt. per week, and that he is now paying about 651. per
week, and it must be observed that in addition to this a very
considerable amount of relief is distributed from the Manufac-
turer's Relief Fund. At the commencement of last winter the
overseers had about 5001. in hand, but this sum was not only
paid away in addition to the usual sum raised by the current
rates, but the overseers were at the beginning of March last
nearly as much behind, in consequence of which the rate for
the ensuing quarter was double the amount of any previously
levied for several years ; the overseers are still very much
behind, and a rate at least equal to the last must be
speedily imposed. The overseers state that. the paupers are in
the most abject state of misery and destitution, bordering on
actual starvation, having disposed of nearly every article of
furniture, clothing, and bedding, and are now suffering, what
they cannot, and will not long endure. And as to the great
body of rate-payers, including the farmers, they are fast ap-
proaching to a similar situation.
•' The depression in trade has now continued so long, and
with such accumulated intensity, that every branch of business is
paralysed in the general calamity. As to the farmers some idea
may be formed of their condition from the fact which is too noto-
rious to escape observation, that they are compelled to sell more or
less of their cattle at every one of our monthly fairs, to enable
them to pay their proportion of the poor-rates.
" The officers of the town feel confident that if the present
distress continue for only a few months longer the rates cannot
possibly be collected. As to cottage houses it is morally im-
possible for a large proportion of the tenants to pay an, rent
whatever. In this extremity many of the owners who in ordi-
nary times paid the rates for their tenants, hare, as might be
reasonably expected, ceased to do so, and the tenants being
unable to pay the rates, necessarily increases the weight of
the burden on all those who still continue to pay rates.

. .
" In order to appreciate more fully the state of suffering to
which that large proportion of our population, now dependent
on the poor-rates, are reduced, it is necessary to state that the
amount now given as relief is much less in proportion to their
necessities than was formerly administered; indeed, the over-
seers and relieving-officers say the scale of relief now given
cannot be lowered, except at the hazard of reducing the re.
cipients to absolute starvation. In this extremity of suffering,
in which all classes are more or less involved, the very idea of
the near approach of another winter without any improvement,
is truly appalling. Should this idea be realised, how the means
and
e v eq: months,
families in
of subsistence for the suffering muses are to be obtained, and
how the public peace is to be preserved, are problems which
our legislators ought to solve ere the time arrives."
Mr. Win. Discos, delegate from the townships of
Accrington, Church, and Oswaldtwistle, proceeded to
make a statement relative to the distress existing i_ll.l
the parish of Oswaldtwistle. In that parish old Sir
Robert Peel had originally commenced his careedre,rra
in
the present Right Hon. Barunet possessedbeceonnst b
calcu-
latedproperty in that district. It had
pounds a year from his p p
- 2.11-. erttlyie arish from want
that he drew upwards
inof. one thousand
The greatest distress prevailedtinmanyp.
block
-
DI k printers in
visiting
in full emplciyment
toirt alVoprekrishr,rthvehroe
of employment, these persons 'tad
consequence of want .
whets
athgeyreawere
alasut,aeneek.
Av
nearned 'n :On se.d a
nweek,iore
it t,ce bad been appointed,
batli,ttnfor 2 tsl.l e
committee
in
been visited—of these only 100 averaged
I s. per
head per week. In one case a family. •
Aing 01, eight persons had Only one bed to
el::'Slupon, and that was scarcely worthy of the
name of a bed. In another instance, a family con-
s sisting uf ten persons. had but one bed, and
that was some straw on the floor, with the clothes
which ~they had worn during the day thrown over
them. The rates were with ditficuly collected,
the inhabitants of the poor cottages were unable to
to pay any rent, and consequently the landlords could
not pay any. rates for them. A gentleman of Oswalds-
twistle had informed him (Mr. Dixon) that the rate-col-
lector had been unable to collect the rate from twenty-
five farmers, in cOnsequence of the distress they were in.
-3°4- of the dialeulty they had in - collecting the money
due
to them. for milk, butter, &-..c. The. people in ,this
in,,:ighbourlaond were a steady, industrious body, and had
seen better clays ; but hope was almost gone, and unless
44 rt*ig,tiviis till the importatiou .of .B•Taiu were takeu

off, and that speedily, they dreaded the approach of an-
other winter. Something must be done for them.
=The Rev. Mr. STANYON, of Melbourne, stated that the
distress existing in Melbourne and its neighbourhood
was most appalling. Melbourne had a population of
3,000 persons; it was a manufacturing village situated
in„a rural district. The manufactures consisted of shad
stockings, silk blond, and silk. Wages had depreciated
within the last six years from fifty to sixty per vent.
The value of capital invested in machinery had
depreciated 40 per cent. The result was poverty and
destitution. He knew a case of a family, consisting of
four or five persons, whose united earnings did sot
amount to more than four shillings a week. In one
family, the members of which attended upon his minis-
try, the mother and the son, who were both reli-
gious characters, told him that now they did not
like to converse on religion, for they found it difficult to
believe, in consequence of the distress and destitution
they were suffering. In the neighbouring village of
Castle Donnington there were likewise hundreds out of
employment. These persons all fully understood the
cause of the misery, .which they attributed entirely to
the Corn-laws ; and they were earnestly desirous of co-
operating with this Conference for their removal.
Mr. SUTTON said he had merely to state, with refer-
ence to the district round the parish of West Ham, that
the poor-rates had recently been very considerably in-
creased. Up to f%larch last the rates were 9d. in the
pound. In the month of March they were called upon
for an increased rate of ls, in the pound, and lately they
had been called upon for a ls. 6d. rate. They had re-
fused the Is. 6d. rate, but agreed to a ls. 3d. rate. Now
the district round was nut manufacturing but agricul-
tural. He, therefore, thought it right to make
that statement to the meeting, in order that they should
know that it was not in the manufacturing alone that
the distress prevailed. There was one factory carried
on by John Tucker, and there the wages of the working
people had been reduced in all 25 per cent. During the
winter time, in the parish of West 'Tarn, there was a
subict•iption raised for supplying the poor with coals,
potatoes, and other things, the necessaries of life, or they
would be in a much more deplorable state. It was very
much feared; that after the partial employment now offered
them in field labour, they would be in a most deplorable si-
tuation as the winter approached. He would observe, with
regard to the builders in the neighbourhood, they
now employed fewer hands than ever. With regard to
the shopkeepers, the poor people were obliged to pur-
chase the smallest amount of 'necessaries they could ask
for. The builders, as he said before, had hardly any
men employed. With regard to the small houses, a
very great number of them were untenanted,
and those that were let the landlords had
great difficulty in getting the rent for. He had
thou;ht proper to make this statement, having heard
that it was desirable that the public should be informed
of the increase in the amount of the poor-rates in the
various districts of the country.
A DELEGATE inquired if the population in West Ham
was not partly agricultural and, partly manufacturing ?
The CHAIRMAN said that the population was so dense,
that they could not call -.4t, from the small portion of its
inhabitants connected, with manufactures, a manufac-
turing district.
Mr. PALMEI:., of Essex' said, that the agricultural
labourers write in a most deplorable condition. They
obtained partial employment during the summer,
and 'Luring the winter, they remained entirely
wfsemployed. This population resided near Lon-
ion, and the farmers, as they were called, are
market-gardeners ; so that if the agricultural labourers
were prosperous at all it would be in the neighbourhood
of London.—(Hear, hear.) The labourers' wages in
West Ham averaged about 2s. a day. They were not
employed the whole week. If they s ent to work in the
morning, anal it was a wet day, the farmer said he did not
want them that day, they must go home. This happened
two or three times a week, and on Saturday night, instead
of the man receiving 125., he got perhaps Bs. or 10s. He
(Mr. Palmer) was a shopkeeper in the neighbourhood,
and was perfectly conversant with the state of the labour-
ing people. During the last winter the poor came in for
pennyworths of tea and sugar, when they used to come
for two ounces of tea and a pound of sugar. He often
had his feelings harrowed up in witnessing the scenes
of distress; anThe often in commiseration accommodated
them with things until he could go no farther, as, if they
went behind in the least, they were never able to make
it up again. This proved that the argument that the
Corn-laws were a benefit to the agricultural labourers was
fallacy.—(Cheers.) They worked badly for the opera-
tive and the ag,ricultural labourer, and of course they
were bad for the whole labouring population. When the
pOer were driven to such distress, and when they did get
a little money, was it to be wondered at that they should
fly to beer as a resource of comfort ? for whatever
temperance people might say about there being no
nourishment in beer, yet it was a stimulent. And was
it to be wondered at that they should not heed the ex-
hortation of ministers of the Gospel? Such was the state
of the agricultural population, and he was afraid
unless something were done that it would remain so.
The Rev. Mr. FERGUSON, of Leicester, said that so
great was the alarm created by the present distressed
state of the country, that the humbler members of his
congregation were constantly asking him whether " they
had risen as yet in Yorkshire, and whether there had
been anv disturbances in the manufacturing districts."
Mr. ADORE wished to say, in confirmation of what
had fallen from Mr. Palmer as to th, inefficiency of the
Coin•laws to protect agriculturists, that no class was
more distressed than the agricultural population of Ire-
. hind. There were no manufactures, it might be said,
in . Ireland, and the Corn-laws were established

there as in this country. But under the influence of
those laws the produce of the Irish soil left the country,
and the farmers lived upon potatoes and buttermilk, and
'thci'lab,wrers upon potatoes and salt. He believed it was
fully proved, that notwithstanding the richness of the soil
of Ireland, the moisture of the :dimate rendered it unfit
for the growth of wheat. The most profitable crops
• for the Jrish farmer would be green crops and flax. The
result of the present Corn-laws was to encourage the
farmer, tinder the influence of a fallacious protection, to
cultivate wheat, which failed in many seasons, and which,
under any circumstances, was exported from the country
for the payment of rents. Under the present system,
too, the landlords frequently ejected the poor cottars that
they might place their lands in the hinds of farmers,
rvho employed large capital in the growth of wheat. Let
' the Corn-laws be repealed, and green crops and flax
would be grown in Ireland, the linen trade would flourish
to an extent never known before, manufactures would
spring up, and other resources, besides the cultivation of
.. land, would be opened to the people. In what did the
Corn-laws protect. the Irish farmer ? They protected
him in bare feet, ragged clothes, and a wet floor to lie
upon. They protected him in starvation ; and they pro-
tected the landlord in the right to wring from him every
thing but his starvation. The sooner the people of Ire-
' land got rid of such protection the better.—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN intimated to the meeting that the
time fuy adjourning had come ; and he wished, previous
to their breaking up, to inform the Delegates that seats
. would be provided for them in the House of Lords to
. hear Lord Brougham. They would therefore proceed to
the House in a body.
The meeting then adjourned till 11 o'clock to-day.

PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS.
(From the Votes and Proceed:nen, the House of Commons. )
FRIDAY, JULY 8.
DISTRESS OF THE COUNTRY.
DIVISION ON MR. WALLACE'S RESOLUTIONS.
Question put, " That the words proposed to be left out stand
part of the Question :"—The House divided :

MAJORITY—AYES, 174.
Arland, Sir Thomas Ferrand, W. B. Mainwaring, T
.k'Court, Captain Ffolliott, John Manners, Lord C.
Adderlev, C. B. Fitzroy, Hon. H. Marsham, Viscount
Alford, Viscount Flower, Sir James Masterrnan, John
Antrobus, Edmund Follett. Sir W. W. Meynell, H.
Archdall, General Forbes, William Miles, P. W. S.
Arkwright, George Forster, Matthew Manes, R. M.
Bailey, J. Fuller, A. E. Morgan, Octavius
Bailey, Joseph, jun. Gaskell, J. M. Mundy, E. M.
BaiMe, Colonel Gladstone, W. E. Neeld, Joseph
Baldwin, C. Barry Gladstone, T. Nichol', J
I;aring, W. B. Glynne, Sir S. R. O'Brie,, A. Stafford
Barneby, John Gordon, Hon. W. Packe, C. Wm.
Bateson, Robert Gore, Montague Pakington, John S.
Beckett, William Goring, H. D. Palmer, R.
Bentinck, Lord 0 Goulburn, H. Patten, J. Wilson
Blackburn, John I. Graham, Sir J. Peel, Sir Robert
Blakemore, R. f Greenail, Peter Peel, Jonathan
Bodain, W. H. Greene, T. 0. Pigot, Sir R.
Bolder°, Henry G. Grimsditch, T. l Pollington. Viscount
Borthwick, Peter Grimston, Lord Pollock, Sir Fred.
lotfield, Beriah Grogan, Edward Praed, William T.
Bradshaw, James H alforel, H. Pringle, Alexander
Broadwood, H. ,
; Hamilton, W. J. Pusey, Philip
Brodie, W. B. Hamilton' Lord C. Rashleigh, William
Bruce, Lord E. I Hanmer, Sir John Repton, George J.
Buckley, Edmund Hardinge, Sir H. Richards, Richard
Buller, Sir J. B. Y. Hardy, John Rous, lion. Captain
Campbell, A. Hen,age, E. if ushisrooke, Colonel
Cardwell, Edward Henley, J. W. Russell, Charles
Christopher, R. A. Herbert, Hon. S. Ryder, G. D.
Clayton, R. R. Hervey, Lord A. Sandon, Lord
Clerk, Sir G. Hinde, J. H. Sheppard, Thomas
Cilve, R. H. Hodgson, R. Sibthorp, Colonel
Cockburn, Sir G. Hope, Charles Sotheron I'. H.
Collett, W. Rickford Hornby, John Stanley, "Lord
Colville, C. It. Howard, P. H. Stuart, 14.
Compton H. Hughes, W. B. Sutton, Hon. H. M.
Corry, H. L. Hussey, Thomas Talbot, C. It. M.
Courtenay, Viscount Jackson, Serjeant Taylor, J. gi..
Cripps, J. Jena yn, Earl Trench, Sir Frederic
Darner, Hon. Dawson Johnstone, Sir John Trollope, Sir John
Darby, George .lelliffe, Sir W. Vane, Lord H.
Dawnay, Hon. W. Jones, T Vere, Sir C. B.
Denison, E. Beckett Kemble, Henry Verner, W.
Dodd, George Knatchbull, Sir E. Vernon, Granville
Douglas, Sir Howard Knight, Henry Gally Vesey, Thomas
Douglas, J. D. S. Lefroy, Anthony Vivian. John Ennis
buncombe, A. , Legh, George C. Waddington, H. s.
East, James Buller Leicester, Earl of Walsh, Sir J.
Eastnor, Viscount Lemon, Sir C. Wilbraham, R. B.
Eaton, Richard J. Lincoln, Earl of Wodehouse, Edmond
Egerton, W. T. Litton, E. Wood, Colonel T.
Eliot, Lord Lockhart, William Wortley, J. Stuart
Escott, Bichkam Lowther, J. H. Yorke,„Hon. E. T.
Estcourt, T. G. B. Lowther, Colonel Young, John
Farnham, E. B. Lygon, General TELLERS.
Feilden, W. Mackenzie, W. F. Fremantle, Sir T.
Ferguson, Sir K. A. MacGeachy, F. A. Baring, H. B.

Agllonby, H. A.
Barnard. E. G.
Bowring, Dr.
Brotherton, J.
Browne, W.
Bu.tei'd, Wm.
Callaghan, Dani
Carew, R. S.
Chapman, Benjamin
Cotieen, Richard
Collins, %V.
Craig, W. Gibson
Crawford, W. S.
Duncan, George
Duncombe, T. S.
Ellis, Wynn
Elphinstone, Howard'
Ferguson, Lolonel

LNORITY—NOES,
Heiden, J.
Thomas
Gordon, Lord F.
Hall, Sir B.
Hastio, A.
Hindley, Charles
Hollond, Robert
Johnson, General
Layard, Captain
Marshall, W.
Martin, John
IJ
Morris, David
Murphy, F. S.
Napier, Sir Charles
O'Brien, J.
O'Connell, M. J.
Pechell, Captain

49.
Philips, Mark
Pryse, Pryse
Ricardo, John Lewis
Scholefield, J.
Smith, Benjamin
Somers, J. P
Stanstield, W. R
Stewart, P. M.
Strutt, Edward
Turner, E
Villiers, Charles P.
Wawn, John T.
Williams, Wm.
Wood, Benjamin

TELLERS.
lime, Joseph
Wallace, R.

THE MARKETS.-(YESTERDAY.)
CORN EXCHANGE.

The past week's arrivals of English rain were moderate,
and considerable of foreign Wheat. 'file fresh supply of
English Wheat was good, but limited of other grain. Übe
runs of English wheat sold heavily at Is. to 2s. per quarter
decline from last Monday's terms. In foreign little was done
at its former value. Barley, Beans, and Peas as last quoted,
with a small demand. Oats sold slowly, and hardly maintained
their previous tet Ins. In Flour no variation.
B,RKIVALS OF GRAIN IN LONDON DURING LAFI' WEEK.
Wheat. Ftariv,v, , tit SC , Flou-
English
Irish lO - 15,049 i -...
Foreign 36.190 220 8,632 1 8,712
SILICIS ON BOARD OT SPIT
Wheat,Red (old) s. -s. i Beans, Smallknew) 37. Ns.
--
- White (o 14) 4l. -s. - (old) 42' 466.
----- Retl;lB44 .......50s. 545. - Tick (new) 27 30s,
----- Fine 55. 60, --- ( old) 38..405.
---- Superfine 623. f4s. --. Harrow (new) 31,335.
---- White (1841)....5 s. sss. ---- (old) 388.42(
-----.--- Fine 606 633 Brank
--...5uperfine......665. 70s. Oats, Feed ~,-e. -a
-..-Foreign free 52s 726 ---- New 168.245.
Rye 351. 40s - Poland mss... s.
Barley 268 326. New
- Grinding •'6. 30.. -- Potatoe
- Malting 30s, 32..
Malt .5611. 60. - Scotch ..... 278.295,
.-- Fine New .625. Ms. - Irish 15s. ...185.245.
Pease, Grey, New ..... ....30s. 316. Flour Town (per sack).- 545. 575.
- Maple New Sl.. 345. - Seconds 50..545.
- White 348 36s -....- North Country.... 48i. 508.
-- Boilers 366.386 Bran BB 9s.
SMITHFIELD.
The supply was good, and the trade dull, at little, if any
alteration in price from our former quotations. Beast, 2,454;
Sheep and Lambs, 31,700 ; Pigs, 401 ; Calves, 220. Beef, 3s.
to 4s. 6d. ; Mutton, 3s. 2d. to 4s. 6d. ; Veal, 3s. 4d. to 45.10 d.;
Pork, 2s. 4d. to 4s. 6d. • Lamb, ss. to ss. 4d.
TEA MARKET.
All parties are waiting for the public sales on Wednesday
next, which will contain 36,000 packages. The present price
of Congou of low quality is Is Bd. to Is. 9d. per lb. cash.
'FALLOW MARKET.
The price of Russian continues firm at 48.. on the spot, but
the Market was in the same dull state as it has been for some
time past. For future delivery, 49s to 495. 6d. was asked.
PROVISION MARKET.
The price of new Irish Butter was steadily maintained, and
a fair business was done. The best Hams realised 925. to 96a.
landed. Foreign Butter of good quality was much sought after,
and Friers were very firm, 100,. to 102 s. for the best Friesland.
Bacon very dull of sale, and prices declining, prime small, 48s.
to bus, and inferior at 45.. to 475. per cwt. landed. Lard not
much asked fur, and prices were unaltered.
PRICE OF BREAD.
'1 he highest Fries of -tread in the Metropolis is 954 d for the 41b.
Loaf. Guid Bread may be had at 81.
PRICES OF SEEDS.
Per Cwt. I Per Quarter
New English Kett Clover...6os 110 s St: Fein ..... . -s Css beg
Old Litto Ditto -s 8-s Rye Grass -s .21 sBl s
New Foreign Ditt0......-s 56s 7881Pacey Grass -s 6-6
Old Ditto Ditto -s -s -slLinseed, for feeding ...--s 50. 56s
New White Clover 543 c.os 658 Ditto, for sowing .......-s Ot's 66s
Old Ditto Ditto --s s --s Ditto, for crushi,:g ....-s 4fs 520
',v.? Treoil -s 25s 408 Hem;' I 461 s 524
Old Ditto
Fr,folium -5 -s -11 Per Bushel.
English Carraway -8 49s 508 White Mustard.....os Od to 13s ,c 1
Foreign Ditto --6 46s 50. Brown Ditto 123 Od to Pis Ors
Coriander -s 135 20sITares 4. Cd to NW
PRICE JF OIL.
Rape Oil, brown, per ton .....E•te 4.
Ditto, refined
Linseed Oil 32 10
Lins:ed Oil Cake at the Mill (per 1000) ll 0
Rape Cake, per ton ••• G 0

COMPROMISE COMMITTEE.
SOUTHAMPTON.
The Committee met this day at twelve o'clock, tit
J. S. Wortley in the chair.
Thomas Predist, Supervisor of Excise, was called, and
he gave in a list of the public-houses and beer-shops in
Southampton : the formeramounted to4B, the latter to 102.
W. H. Mabson was then called and examined by Mr.
BAKER.—Voted at the last election for Lord Bruce anti
Mr. Marty n. Was not a Member of the finance com-
mittee. Did not know of any such committee. There was a
fund in Maddison's b Ink, applicable to the purposes of the
e'ection. He drew cheques himself, conjointly with Mr.
Mackay and Mr. Ball. They might have amounted to
between 4001. and 7001. Received the money for
the cheques. Signed cheques for which he did not re-
ceive the money. He did so at the request of Mr. Mackay;
has no account of the disposal of the money. He
paid 100/. to Mr. Blanchard ; 100/. to Mr. Hunt ;
501. to Mr. S. Moodie, Chairman of the Con-
servative Association ; 521. to Skelton, for printing ;
301. to hillier, a publican ; 15L to a person called
Vining ; 42/. to Burning, a publican ; 241. to
two persons called Martin ; 101. or 15/. for flags,
and 241. for making them; 71. or 8/. for cards and circu-
lars to Jefferson; 74/. to Lawrence, an innkeeper; 20/ to
a person named Hoat, a printer. Signed two cheques for
Mr. Cheeseman, one for 100/, and another for .1501.;
they were at Mr Mackay's request ; signed a cheque
with Mr. Ball for 751. The money given to Mr.
Moodie was for the expenses of the liegistratien Courts.
He got it as a loan. He never paid it. He did not give
any receipt. He gave a cheque to a Captain Perklns.
Thinks he gave the cheque to Perkins himself.
Does not recollect giving any 'money to Lisle.
He often gave him money. Never gave him 1001.
Was in a room at the Dolphin two or three times. Does
not know who engaged it. Was not there on the nomi-
nation day or the day of the election. Does not re-
collect signing a cheque for 4001. on the 13th of June.
Saw Mr. Luce at the Dolphin the night before the no-
mination. Saw Lisle there. Did not see Wren
there. Mr. Mackay, Mr. Flicker, Mr. Stebbing,
and Mr. J. Bennett were there. They were arrauging
fists of the electors in the room up-stairs. The money
he paid was for services done and for goods sold. With
regard to a statement made by Mr. Wren, he begged
to say that he did not belong to any bribery committee.
To Lord BARRINGTON—KHOws there was bribery
practised at the last election. Knows there was, be-
cause he had five or six persons in his own employment
whom he could with difficulty keep from voting for the
other party; they were tampered with, but he threatened
to discharge them.
Lord BARRINGTON—I hope you won't do that at the
next election.
Witness—l would not put niy threat into execution......
(A laugh.)
John Johnson and Mr. Lancaster were next called
with reference to the disappearance of the witness An-
drews, who was called and examined on Friday. John-
eon's evidence corroborated tl; statement made by Mr.
Baker, that he was sent from Southampton to London to
watch Andrews, and that a clerk from Mr. Croucher's
office took him away.
Mr. Croucher said that in his absence a person, calledi
Andrews, came and stated he wanted to see him. That
he afterwards came, and merely wished to know who the
other witnesses were, th it he might go to them. That
aetory pro r
was all he knew about the matter.
akin.g
gatisf
Mr. Snme said it would be for the -consideration of THE MARCHIONESS 01' WATERFORD, JULY 9.--
the Committee whether the fact' would not be mentioned The Marchioness of Waterford is.
in their Report.
' The fall was very severe, and the injury Inflicted of an alarming
John Coulson was called, and stated that he and Mr. character HI the first instance; but, under judielous medical
Hunt went to Wren to desire itim to go to Callan to symptom., have disappeared, and
know if it was true that he was (ye'h Lad 11" ' complete recovery may new
received the beuctlt of
treatment, all the unfaveura
tite; to France. It was er 1P . be confidently
not for the purpose of zettine. his vote. Did not call , lookedfor ina short time.
upon, FelatiTe to Whitomulth's vote. He did not The lighting of Paris with gas is making great pro-
know any ',:1; fig about \V !Mineral'. Mr. Wren told him . Ares& Within the last few weeks no fester that:tad streets, pas-
of la offor !1.-J iLd :Qt.. Air. liakt,r sad the whi„„.,w,* sages, &r., in different quarters,bave
this itaproyeinett.

PRICE OF TALLOW, SOAP, &c. per 112113.
Town Tallow £2 In o Melting Stuff— .e 1 14 0
Yellow Russia
White ... u 0 0 Graves
Soap Ditto 0 0 0 Good Dregs 0 5 0
PRICE OF RAW FAT, per stone of Mbs
Peke of Tallow (as stated by the Tallow Melters) ss, 84.
COAL MARKET.
Sh fps arrived since last market .day, 30
d
New Tanfield Moor 1.4 0
Old Tanfield l4 0
Ord's liedheugh l5 0
ranfield Moor e. lB 6
We.t:Wylam
Wylam
Wall, E. d Beale. e and Co lO 6
Walls End Heaton l9 3
Walls End Hilda l7 6
walla End Killingworth
Walls End Wharocliffb
W. E. Btaddyll'aHetton
Walls End Hetton '2l 6
Wally End Lamhton .....
Walls End Morrison

s. d.
Walls End Shincliff lB 6
Walls End Stewat t's
Walls End Whitwell l9 0
Walls End Hartlepool
Walls End Haugh Hall
Walls End Kelloe 2O 9
Walls End Adelaide ... 2O 0
Walls Et d Bowburn l6 9
Walls End Tees Hetton
Walls Fa.d 'lee, ...... 19 9
Walls and West Hetton .... 17 3
Blythe....' ..".. . . ... .... , ...... 15 it
Howard sNetherton *Alain 19 0
Soul h Elton ...... l6 0
iWelch Coal 2O 9

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.
OXFORD, JULY 9.—This being the last cay of Trinity or
Act Term, a Congregation was holden for granting degrees,
when the following were conferred :
DOCTORS IN DIVINITY, BY DECREE OF CONVOCATION.—
The Rev. Thos. Parry, late Fellow of Balliol College, nomi-
nated to the Bishopric of Bat badoes ; the Rev. D. G. Davis,
of Pembroke College, to the Bishopric of Antigua ; the Rev.
W. P. Austin, of Exeter College, to the Bishopric of Guiana ;
the Rev. F. R. Nixon, late fellow of St. John's College, to
the Bishopric of Van Diemen's Land.
MASTERS OF ARTS.—Rev. C. A, Fowler, of Oriel Col-
lege; Rev. J. A. Hamilton, of Balliol College ; J. Hall, of
Brasennose College ; Rev. E. W.' Tuffnell, of Wadham Col-
lege ; Rev..). Cooper, ditto ; L. Evans, ditto.
BACHELORS or A RTS. —Geo. C. Shiffner, of Christ Church ; I
Richard Pratt, of Merton College ; William Lockhart, of
Exeter College ; William Everett; New College.
The Prebendal Stall of Cutton, founded in the Castle of
Exeter, has been conferred on the Hon. and Rev. C. L.
Courtenay, of Christ Church.
The Rev. F. J. Smith, of Balliol College, has been ap-
pointed Minister of Trinity Church, Taunton, Somerset.
The Lord Chancellor has presented the Rev. Edward
Stewart, of Oriel College, to the Vicarage of Sparsholt.
Hampshire.

V!,

To Mr. BAKER—He might have told that before the
late Committee if he had been examined. He had the
Speaker's warrant framed.—(Great laughter.)
Mr. Mackay was then called and examined. Was ae •
tively engaged at the last election f„r Southampton ; it
was not as a paid agent. Wren never conversed with him
respecting the vote of Callan ; did not give him 10/. to
pay Callan ; never gave him any money; never got an
I 0 U, from Callan; did nut offer to put down Ed-
wards as a chairman; Wren never spoke to him at any
time or place respecting a list of voters; did not before or
after the election give Wren, or authorise to be given by
him, any sum or sums of money. What is called the
finance-room was taken for the purposes of arranging
the lists of voters and making up the books; it was not for
the purposes of any financial matters; he signed several
of the cheques drawn for the purposes of the election. Mr.
Mabson signed the principal cheques with him; he could
speak generally, but not as to particular items; he paid
money to Lisle for chairmen; an advertisement appeared
in the papers desiring all bills to be sent in; he (witness)
made up the several amounts, and as well as he recollects.
the sum was between 2,700/. and 2,800/. That sum included
old debts, money given to the Conservative Associations,
and the different public-house and tavern bills. There
was ..o finance committee ; one was appointed, but
some of the persons refused to act. Cannot recollect
that he ordered Lisle to employ chairmen ; might have
done so. A day or two before ;he election he was in the
room up stairs. Mr. Mabson and Mr. Fricker were
there. Mr. Fricker was engaged making up the books.
Mr. Mabson made a remark about his being too slow,
and Mr. Fricker became offended. Some person came
to the door and said that Mr. Wren wanted to speak to
the committee ; he was not allowed to come into the
room. He believes Mr. Mabson went out to give direc-
tions that he should be turned away. It was usual to
have the landlord, or any other person who would be
likely to influence a voter, set opposite his name in the
canvass-book ; that would account for Abrahams' name
being opposite Twyford's.
It being announced ihat the Speaker was at prayers
the Committee adjourned.