The Sun.
London, England, 1829-08-27 00:00:00

THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.)

CITY, TwxLvz o' CLoa•
The following has been received at the North
and Smut h American Coffee-house from New York
CIRCULAR TO THE COLLECTORS OF CUSTOMS'

Treasury
ssDesepsatristmtaeinnte,dJneEulths, 182 e.
u
Unite
tSotapt,elys,tthleirodtetgbl:s tdittiee titireousft
oimmp4olortuinseg
bmonedrchas,arflittis
the facility with which the priority of the
States if; evaded in cases of insolvency, render it in:
dispensable that more effectual precaution be observed
on the part of the Collectors on accepting securities
for the payment of bonds given for duties. With
a view to this object, you are instructed to keep a
bond account with each extensive importer, tho
you may be able at a glance to see the amount of 0.
dcht ; and in all cases you arc directed not to accePt
security which is not deemed by you fully ample for
the debts intended to be secured, or to give extely
sive credits to per•ons ‘vho are liable for large sum;
as securities on the bonds of others, as it will be jar
possible to prescribe fixed limits to the credit proper,
to be given; in each case you are to exercise a sotto°
discretion in guarding the interest of the Govern'
merit without doing injustice, or causing unnecessary
embarrassments to those engaged in a fair and proper
business. United

S. D. INGHAM, Secretary to the Treasury.

Quebec Papers to the 24th July, and Port-au'
Prince to the 13th July, were also received at the ab e
ov
Coffee-house. The Quebec Papers state that his
Excellency Sir James Kemp has left Montreal on a
visit to Chambley. His Excellency, who is said t°
have derived great satisfaction from his visit to Mon"
treal, will return to the seat of Government the first
week in August.
The Majestic, from Bel fast, has arrived, after Iliac
weeks' passage, with 350 settlers. The weather
continued unsettled for the last three weeks, with
continual rain.
The Port-au-Prince Papers are void of infor
mation•
A Mail has arrived from Lisbon, brought hY the
Sandwich. we do not hear as yet that it briny Al
political it:formation of importance.
Accounts from Buenos Ayres, of the 15th June,
state that the enemy's troops were concentrated
tweet' LUZaTI and Mixello.
This is the settling day in the Consel Market,
and the chief business doing at
present is settling
their accounts. As yet we do not hear of any
failures, and the Account appears to go off well.
Consols, which left off yesterday at 88'41 for the Ac'
count, opened at 88i 89, and for next time 801.
All anxiety is now felt for another Russian
bulletin, by which we shall officially learn the true
situation of the Grand Scignor, and whether he has
sued for peace or decamped from his capital; cep'
tain it is he must do one or the other.
Accounts from Gibraltar of the 6th August stet.:
that the emigration still continues, and commerce Ie
entirely destroyed. The troops of the garrison or
in camp and the town almost deserted, and it ell •
be at present called a military place.
In the Foreign Market nothing doing at the Pre-
sent time ; prices nominal. Oct.
Three per Cent. Consols, 89 Ditto, for d a
89,1 ; Three per Cent. Reduced, 891 90; Thi" and
half per Cent. 99} i; Four per Cent., 104 3; 9_14,
1826, 1051 6; India Stock, 2221 ; Bank Stock
216 17; India Bonds, 581)- 59; Exchequer Bills, 661;
FORSIGN.-Brazilian, Buenos Ayres, 20 20 i
Chilian, 16 17 ; Colombian, 161 Danish, 69t
French, Five per Cent., 1091 10 ; Greek, 13 14 ; A•;
can, 18 i; Peruvian, 10 11 • Portuguese, 441 t '
Russian, 101,i 21; Spanish,
TWO O'CLOC.I4
We understand that Government received ll'
night accounts from Constantinople of the 10th °t
August, which bring the important information
that rise Grand Sultan has left kis capital, with the
whole of iris forces, for Adrianople ; at the same
time the sacred standard was hoisted, and he 0,1
determined to give the Russians battle. Shoal
he prove unsuccessful, Constantinople was. to expo'
deuce the fate of Moscow, and be reduced to obeli:
A report prevailed at Constantinople, received I).'
private letters, that the plague had made its apPesr;
;wee at Varna and on board the Russian fleet ; bn

this is mere report.
The Austrian Observer, of a late date, has bee,"
received, and does not mention the reported batt'.et
twenty leagues from Constantinople; thererore, I
could not have taken place.
Accounts have been received from Rio -Weir"'
dated in July. Exchange 25. No political ne,wsh..
Letters have been received from Batavia I"
10th May. No political information. The 0,(11.;
had arrived out, after a quick passage of 101 u...„a1""
with the two nephews of Richard Thornton,. Dq.

of London. -
Consols have continued very lively during She
whole of the morning, and have improved to Ia"
for Money, and 89ai for October account; thed°t;
tling on Account coi.enues to go off well, an'-• tj
to this hour we do not hear of any failures; It 3!
singular that the price of Consols were on the last
settling day the same as this Account. It iS SUP
posed that the Bulls, the Hebrew party, have made
great havoc amoungit the Bears.
In the Foreign Market little or nothing doing;
Brazil Bonds are not so good as yesterday. -
THREE 0' CL 0 or.
Consols for Account, 89k.

Newhaven, wid had a favourable --
were here on Thursday, on their route for France. The
her sister,
Madame SONTAG, and N INA,
weather would not admit of embarkation from the Chain
Pier ; but the ladies effected their purpose the same day at
passage, in th e
steam vessel, to Dieppe._ Brighton Guardian.
We are informed that Miss PHILLIPS,
(whose native place we believe to be Brighton) was, even
when a child, distinguished by an ardent passion for the
stige• She uniformly declared that she would be so
Eclipse
atAress, and ,4 make the women cry, and the men hang
themselves." This was perhaps un pen fort ; but
the
mere existence of this enthusiasm is the best guarantee for
that continued improvement which her youth leads ns to
expect and hope.—Brighton Gazette.
STORM.—On the night of Sunday last
Cheltenham and its neighbourhood was visited by
a tre-
mendous storm of rain, accompanied by vivid flashes of
lightning and awful peals of thunder, which continued till
gi.est quantity of
early the following morning. The numerous brooks and
rivulets from the surrounding hills were swollen into rd
rivulets
has been beaten down,
rent.,undat end! d allnyeumarbeersoofamyetaodoawdsdinthlaotwasituatioris were in-
the preceding day were smiling with the golden blessings
of harvest, are now completely' desolated by the storm.
Nearly 200 acres of hay at My
toff
are entirely spoiled by ,
and
the
fields that on
the overflowing of the Avon..—Cheltnham Chronicle:

in-
r of
on
nge
In
I by

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.--(TIIIS DAY.)

FROM LLOYD'S.
DEAL, AUG. 26.—Wind S.S.W.—His Majesty's
ship Philomel turned away to westward.
PAuttouTit, AUG. 25.—Wind W. to W.N.W.—
Arrived the Leveret, —, from Port-au-Prince,
sailed the 17th July, and brings accounts of the loss
of the brig Workington, on her way from Port.au-
Vince to Trieste, on the Island of Imayna, the
13th of July; crew and part of the cargo saved.—
led the Lord William Bentinck transport, for
11,Ita; and Dispatch, Itichie, for Oporto.
rLYMOUTII, AUG. 25.—Wind W.N.W.—Sailed
the 13114111, Rcdpath, for St. John's; and Sylph,
Cummins, for Malaga.
✓ORTSMOUTII, AUG. 26.—Wind S.S.W.—Ar-
rived the Success, Ledchie, from Dantzic.
LIVERPOOL, AUG. 25.7Arrivcd the Elizabeth
frm'ke, Pitts, from Lagnayra ; Spheroid, Hughes,
,c",eatts St. Vincent ; and London, Williams, icom New
lanCOlvßsm AUG. 26.—Arrived the Mariner, Ire-
frorn
• . Rio Janeiro; and Agnes, Harding, from
f 1311,IsT°1-, AuG. 25.—Arrived the Fame, Young,
l'Orn v
MARC irginia.
I ATE, AUG. 26.—Off Port, the Milo, Stork,
's
from tneap eof Good Hope.
Gm
-'ENOCK, AUG. 23.—Arrived the Catharine,
ey, from Jamaica; Ariel, King, from St. St.ews, N. B.; Margaret, Walsh, from Archangel;
Experiment, Walker, from St. Petersburgh.

CeqiitT MARTIAL UPON CAPT. DICK-
ENSON, R.N.—(RECEIVED THIS DAY).
I'ORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY—(FIRST DAY.)
nAt an early hour this morning, the Victory, on board
Fiell the Court-martial was held, was surrounded with
ate crowded with the fashionables of the town. At nine
()oclock! the signal gun having been fired, all the boats
real to the side ofthe vessel, and the rush to get on board
ra4 great indeed. When I entered the Court I found the
•• eP"Y•Tudge Advocate swearing the members, which be-
!, done the Court consisted of the following distinguished
:
Sircnaracte'rsni
.Robert Stopford, President, K.C.B. ; Sir Henry
w°°ll, K.C.B. ; Rear-Admiral Otway, K. C. B. ;
Captaincd Mundy, Captain Shamburgh, Captain Elliott,
Ptain
ogletield, and the Hon. Captain Win. Gordon.
Court was crowded with Naval Officers of the first
"sainr":, and immediately behind the President's chair stood
"i Edward Codrington and several other Officers. Cal.
",-thekenfinn was accommodated with a chair at the end
Rolicitor
bleira.round which the Court was assembled. His
Minchin, sat at a table with his assistant,
dresing note,' of the proceedings. The Court were all
aluCe(o,l,i'l their full naval uniforms, wearing their stars
in,st her emblems of distinction, and had altogether a
Thentr eating and imposing appearance.
were en•uir2E ADVOCATE then read the charges, which
Coilrin-n.-,til'ained• in a correspondence from Sir Edward
fonow-ra to the Admiralty, but they were specially as
CHARGRprin E IsT.—That for not making proper use of the
VI directed by the orders of the Vice-Admiral, Sir
olkedard. Codfington, on the 19th October, 1827, to be
sore d. 41 the a nchors, the broadside of the Genoa was
cted to her regular opponent in the Otm line,
no_ that in
such a position she could not firetoany other
4134 except those of her stern and quarter, without e
tat,
en-
ering the Asia, and others of the allied squadron ou
b ooard side, and the Albion and others on the star-
and 'Wei consequently the shot which injured the Asia,
-ell
"-roe in that direction, were apparently fired by the

thee"4RGE 2n.—That the Genoa did positively fire into
he ibion, which ship had an English ensign at her
a:s. o prevent a mistake.
prk4laitax 3n.—That Captain Dickenson had been re-
ti;ved by Vice_Admiral Sir E. Codrington, for not
nig springs; and he accounted for it, by his inability to
R et the men from the guns, notwithstanding it was asserted
in the ship's log-hook, that springs were used.
CHARGE 4T11..--That the log-book says, that the Ge-
,to(t had three Ottoman ships opposed to her starboard
1111%!, three 60-gun frigates on her larboard side and a head,
n't double bank frigate astern.
e4i"Annz ST/I.—That Captain Dickenson reported Cap-
ture
n Bathurst as killed, and procured the surgeon's signa-
nior a certificate, although he did not- die until next
tl n„nh, and retained his faculties to give orders during
Ile .."°'e time of the battle, through which he gained an
.'4norahle distinction, which, perhaps, might not other-
'llte have been conferred on him.
I a.C.l'aana Grit.—That the refittal of the Genoa, after
,el,l',lnB Navarin, was unjustifiably slow, and that the same
04.4^neRs prevailed on her way to Malta; that the Genoa's
twat
was suffered to go for want of being secured, and
lib?the fired after the battle was over, to the probable in-
' of the allied squadron ; and further, his getting the
Iti,ll;° ecmPany of the Genoa to sign a letter, or other-
kik, I)4.round-robin, requesting to appoint only him, Cap..
tb so
ichenn to the Genoa. This as an act of in-
sir
in, Ent
an CODRINGTON addressed the Chair, but
tikit-"rttle distance we could not distinctly hear him, but we
41400 d him to have said, that it would be impossible
he Court to judge of the nature of the evidence which
beep'osl(l be obliged to give from the letters which had
ae; 4ed, without reading the intervening ones, which he
140 littered for their perusal ; he at the same time expres-
tvt! 4114 strong objection to the present roceedings, and
9slei.„..he thought, at this period, was note alled for. The
e,;,,;"' Admiral then presented Sir Robert Stopford, the
tortre,nti with copies of the letters which be had addressed
.1,1! lioard of Admiralty.
-"eillaatatnEtiz ordered the Court to be cleared, and
et,,%4 'aPse of a quarter of an hour, the public were ad-
istl,.c• The business then commenced with proving the
tiatte(dl4' in which the detail of the engagement was men-
: which was done by Lieutenants Morris, Start, and
Pi,`,4, in obinson.
tliNte He NesinErrr then enquired if there were any gen-
Sildil connected with the London Press, and said that lie
44" Permit the substance of the evidence only to be pub-
°t4 kindly 4NC" the present, and not the detail, and most
Ili a Place for our accommodation.
theri"rMOCATE-GENERAL said that the mode which
art intended to proceed was, to take charge by
L'hrr,get! and that the defendant could not be allowed to ask
%re e'tions as cross-examination, except what specifically
the C,TtI the charge immediately before the Court, and
IPt' that the Court would go iato was the use of the
~ltl.t
/)WARD CoDnINGTOI.I was then called, and on the
l .ng handed to him to be sworn, he said he was
otitl'nsive that he could not give his evidence satisfac-
ili!itYlithetit mixing up with it much of his personal 50,.711
,.711 and the quality of his testimony would require
tavA7', Interlard with it observations connected with his
theptication, though it did not immediately relate. to the
4144 l'etoie the Court, yet he was very peculiarly
'Nth' In making ' he did, part was from
thsagh-eti.rePo rt and- tatsp from his own observations ; he
tt it rather unusual to be called upon to prove that
i,t he-hatt only from the report of others, and so stated
Jettet letter to the Admiralty; and yet he received. a
4elve,j°-nr Mr. Croker, requiring him to do so. lie d.is-
c'PleLthe adoption of such a proceeding; it was a prin-
eth 11-;,(ll.:Anwtl by him never to do so—and, acting upon
t'un',,„-even refused the Judge-Advocate all informa-
V„zk'thesubject.
t(tltl Irttaarnarer interrupted Sir Edward Codrington,
"10,1elnired if he was aware of the manner in which the
cciatt;ll!tended to conduct its proceedings,—which t
attebt? Itself strietly to the object which engaged chit
t 111411,. and as the observations which Sir Edward was
-"kett"'d not relate to that object, they, under these cis-
to.kr ss:could.not entertain them.
eh h:PtY BLACKWOOD begged to state that the letters
"en put in, as explanatory ones, by Sir Edw.
c°aSip4ten, had not been read by the Court.
itlii/Ift", 4" CODRINGTON observed, that in the charges
ties t 4 to his statement there were strong distinctions
Odari;" in them, and explanations giver!. It was par-
, necessary from aperson brought into Court, as
againsta his • On the contrary, he was
dat a wish. However, it was his
bo avoid a court-martial.
tait hei.:v to the superior judgment of the Admiralty,
114-s ifi,tt:g their pleasure that such an investigation should
he Was willing to give them every assistance in
log th
and of this he had already had the honour of
:, en.
Neve na•lNG.rozr was then sworn—The order which
11,n; thettt-.-- the combined fleet on the 19th October, 1827,
prittq vread, and it concluded thus To use the
144 -.e!8011-.,110 captain can do very wrong, who
°"'P alongside that of the enemy."
-I- Ile (Signed)- . "E. CODRINGTON."
"'let tiaa then required to state generally as to the con-
L; Sit teal**, Dickenson at Navarin.
do g 0 aRo said he should state what he knew from
:}Personal knOWledge, and itdifficult task to
this time of day, having destroyed several papers

RUMFORD MARKET.—Aug. 26.
s. d. to s. d. s. d. s. d.
Beef '1 0 4 0I Veal
Mutton 3 6 4 4 Pork ......... .......... 310 410
Lamb 4s. Od. to ss. od.
Suckling Calves from 14s. to 48s. ; Quarter old Pigsl2a.to 15s. each.
Supply good, and trade dulL

DUMFRIES MAI,
s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
Wheat, Imp. Bush... 8 9 to 9 0 Butter, IGoz 0 0 to 0 9
Barley 4 4 4 6 Eggs, dozen 0 0 0 0
Oats 2 9 3 4 Beef, per lb.
Flour, 141 b.
Oatmeal 24 26 Veal O3 04
Potatoes. cwt.
CATTLE.--The number of Cattle on the Sands to-day
was 1376, not more than 100 of which were left unsold;
prices nearly the same as those of last week.

,KETS.-Aug. 20.

The present season is likely to be very pro
ductive of plums and nuts, particularly the latter.—
Brightan Gazette.

Upon Wednesday last, the 12th instant, Mr.
FULLERTON CARNEGIE, of Pittarrow, when shooting on
the lands of Rickarton, killed thirty brace of muirfowl and
a brace of snipes, at thirty-four shots—shooting not often
paralleled in this port of the country.—Aberdeen Chron.
It is understood the Ganges will be re-com-
missioned, and that her destination will be the Mediterra-
nean. Preparations are also making for despatching the
Kent, '7B, to the same station.

We understand that the alleged elopement in
bigh life, which has for the last fortnight engaged the at-
tention and excited the sympathies of friends, turns out,
like the mountain in labour, to be nothing more than her
Grace's having taken the liberty of actually going off to
Scotland by water, in the company of and —, her
two daughters, without having asked permission, or given
due notice to their High Mightinesses the London Public.
—Brighton Guardian.

The weather has been so unusually cold within
these few days, that many persons have had recourse to
fires ; the thermometer, in a sheltered situation, fell a few
nights since as low as 47.
The following is a statement of the number of
English now residing in France, according to the returns
lately made by the different Police authorities to the Prefet
de Police at Paris :—PariA, 14,500; Versailles, 2,080 ;
St. Germain, 150 ; Tours, 2,795 ; Bordeaux, 965 ; Bar-
reges, 80 ; Montpellier, 300 ; Marseilles, 120 ; Lyons,
60 ; Fontainbleau, 30 ; St. Quentin, 200 ; Dunkerque,
500 ; St. Omer, 700 ; Boulogne-sur.Mer, 6,800; Calais,
4,550 ; and in various other parts of France, about 1,865 ;
making a total of 35,695. Of this number, 6,680 are
mechanics. Their annual expenditure is estimated at
95,885,500 francs, or 3,135,4201. sterling.

COUNTY OF TIPPERARY.-A meeting of
the magistrates of this county has been convened by the
Clerk of the Peace, " to take into consideration its present
state, and to adopt such measures as may be deemed ne-
4essary." The requisition bears the signatures of Mr. J.
H. HulrcnixsoN, M.P., and six other magistrates.-...
Dublin Morning .Registcr.

LITERATURE.

THE POETICAL WORKS OF THOMAS CAMP-
BELL. LoNnoN, 1829.

In these two elegantly printed volumes, we
are presented wi a complete collection of the
poems of one er the sweetest and most genuine
of modern English bards. We have not only
his well-known " Pleasures of Hope," and
" Gertrude of Wyoming," but even his
" Theodric," his " O'Connor's Child," his
" Iteullura," his famous Lyrics, the many little
gems, such as the " Field Flowers," and the
" Address to the Rainbow," that have from
time to time glistened in the pages of the " New
Monthly Magazine," together with some other
pieces never before published. Such a collection
as this was much wanted, for if ever poet possessed
the undoubted germ of perpetuity in his works,
Thomas Campbell is that one. He has all the
polish of Pope, and all the sweet and plaintive
tenderness of Collins. Among modern poets
he ranks next to Byron and Wordsworth, and
only next to the latter, inasmuch as his range
of thought and subject is less comprehensive
and majestic. In point of correctness he beats
them both out of the field ; nor do we know, in
the wide compass of English literature, an au-
thor who can compete with him in this respect.
Gray, perhaps, was equally fastidious, equally
select in the choice, and happy in the melody
of his expressions ; but then he was too stiff, too
turgid, too cold, too much addicted to Archaisms,
(indeed his odes are more like translations of
Greek Lyrics than indigenous productions,)
whereas Campbell is invariably the easy, na-
tural, and accomplished versifyer. He pour-
trays natural objects, and gives vent to natural
emotions, not repulsively like Crabbe, or in a
jaundiced spirit like Byron, but with a candour,
a simplicity, an extreme refinement, almost
amounting to fastidiousness, of manner, that none
but himself can equal. His felicities of expres-
sion too, are innumerable. When for instance,
he describes the age of a child, it is done not in
a matter. of-fact Utilitarian style, but in the fol-
lowing inimitably graceful manner :

" And now in Gertrude's eyes, their ninth blue summer

shone."
Observe the pictorial expressiveness of the epithet
" blue." It is a full and unique description in
itself. Alluding to that simple strait-forward fact,
the growth of the same infant, he says—

" And like a new existence to his heart,
The living flower uprose beneath his eye."

Her mother's death is thus elegantly glanced
at. " She," remarks the poet,

" Was gone, and Gertrude climbed a widowed father's

knee."

Of a young Christian boy who was brought
by an Indian to the home of Gertrude, we are
told in a spirit of unequalled poetry, that he was
"Led by his dusky guide, like morning brought by night:,
The same Indian is described in one line
fraught with condensed energy of expression,
as being

" A stoic of the woods—a man without a tear."

Hope is no less gracefully than justly charac-
terized, as the " music of the mind ;" song, as
the " eloquence of truth ;" and of mortal plea-
sure we are told that it is

" The torrent's smoothness ere it dash below."

The American poem from which we have
taken these few felicitous turns of expressio❑ and
imagery, abounds in similar beauties. The
death of its heroine, in particular, is a descrip-
tion which for the intense, vet perfectly simple
and unassuming character of its pathos, was
never yet perused without emotion. I-Tow true
to nature is the dying address of Gertrude to
her husband ?
" Half could I bear, methinks, to leave this earth,—

And thee, more loved than aught beneath the sun,

If I had lived to smile but on the birth

Of our dear pledge ;--but shall there then be none,
In future times—no gentle little one,
To clasp thy neck, and look, resembling me ?"

This passage has been evidently taken from
the lament of Dido, when deserted by iEneac,
but it has been paraphrased in a spirit, and with a
pathos and classic elegance, that Virgil himself
might be proud to own.

" Saltem si qua milli de te suicepta fuisset
Ante fugam sobnles, si quit mibi parvulus
Luderet iEneas, quite tamen ore referret ;
Non equidem omnino capta ac deserts viderer."

But notwithstanding the many eminent merits
of " Gertrude of Wyoming," which we believe
is usually considered Mr. Campbell's master-
piece, we must confess that we think still higher
of his " O'Connor's Child." There is a ro-
mantic wildness, a fervour of expression, an in-
tensity of feeling about this little poem, which
its author has never since equalled. It seems
to be struck out at once from the heart—to gush
warm and unpremeditated from the passion of
the moment. It has more energy than the
" Pleasures of Ilope," more nature than " Ger-
trade of Wyoming," and more of the essential
character of genius, such as we see it in Byron,
than either. Next to this we rank that spirited
Lyric " Holienlinden." The dramatic power
of contrast evinced in the two closing stanzas is,
we conceive, unequalled in the annals of Eng-
lish poetry :

" The combat deepens. On, ye brave,
Who rush to glory, or the grave !
Wave, Munich ! all thy banners wave !
And charge with all thy chivalry !
" Few, few, shall part where many meet !
The snow shall be their winding-sheet,
And every turf beneath their fest
Shall be a soldier's sepulchre."

How profoundly affecting, after the poet has
stirred the heart, like the sound of a trumpet, with
his proud impassioned battle-song, is his return to
tenderness and melancholy ! from his glorious apos-
trophe, as a soldier, to chivalry, to his reflections,
as a man, on the consequences ! There is nothing
finer, as we observed before, in the wide com-
pass of English poetry. We have ventured
these few cursory remarks on the quality of Mr.
Campbell's genius, not with the idea that we
have said any thing new or necessary on the sub-
ject, but simply because this probably will be the
last time we shall ever have the opportunity of
reverting to it. Mr. Campbell has long since
gathered all his laurels, he has put the closing
seal to his poetic reputation, and henceforth be-
longs to posterity. The original readers of his
" Pleasures of Hope," we might almost add of
his " Gertrude of Wyoming," are now old in

thought. and years ; and it is to the rising gene_
ration that be must henceforth look for admirer:,
and imitators. It is to them that we have !lon
principally addressed ourselves, and to them, Iv;
may also observe in conclusion, that the author 7
whose genius has ‘vithstood, and even triumphed
"
over, the encroachments and innovations of the
Lake," the " Cockney
Romantic," the ,
and the " Metaphysical" schools of verse ; who
has already outlived Keates and Southey, and
Hunt, and Shelly and Millman, as a poet, win,
a hundred years hence, be read with the same de-
light as now, and perish only with his language.

WESTMINSTER ABBEY.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—Anotnalies are sometimes attempted
to be justified on the basis of custom, which in-
deed would often be " more honoured in the
breach than in the observance." Yet it seems
strange in this civilized and enlightened nation,
there are individuals who cannot obtain admis-
sion within the walls of one of the grandest re-
ligious edifices in the world, to indulge the sacred
tenor of their minds with " meditations awful," or
to hold imaginative communion with the silent
remembrancers of departed genius, which the
expanded mind delights to contemplate, without
being required to unstring their purses, and de-
posit their pence or shillings in the hands of a
beadle, for this privilege of exercising their ener-
gies divine. lam led to these reflections in con-
sequence of reading an article in The Sun news-
paper of Tuesday, containing some very sound
and excellent remarks on this subject, which har-
monize perfectly with what I have experienced.
It is not long since I conducted a lady to
Westminster Abbey, to view some of the month
meats, and on our entering we were instructed
to notice a board, which signified that we must
pay three-pence before we could be admitted,
and a larger sum was required if we proceeded to
a certain extent ; hence we declined going in, yet
not before the door-keeper informed us by what
authority he made such demand. On a follow-
ing Sabbath-day we again repaired to the Abbey,
without any apprehension of being at all inter-
rupted in walking through the aisles, previous to
our joining the congregation in public worship.
But even on this occasion also our boundaries
were marked, and money was demanded before
we were allowed to follow some others who
had consented to pay. Here, however, I could
not help remonstrating ; and, after expressing my
thoughts pretty freely on the subject, was about
to come away, when one, not a beadle, " dressed
up in a little brief authority," whispered to me,
0 Sir, you may walk in if you please." I re-
fused ; observing, that I did not wish to infringe
on their customs.

I am, Sir, your most obedient,

Aug. 24, 1829. A LAMBETH HOUSEHOLDER.

ABOLITION OF THE POOR-RATES.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—The evils of the poor-rates have formed
a subject of eloquent declamation among the
writers on political economy, whether in express
treatises, or in our literary journals. These
evils have been severely felt, and complained of
also, by the middling classes of respective parishes,
more especially by those who are practically or
laboriously engaged in agricultural ocupations,
than any whom, begging pardon of the Edin-
burgh and other learned reviewers, there
are, perhaps, no better judges of the sub-
ject. Without entering into the several
topics of a discussion which may be pur-
sued at some length, I will merely remark
upon the injustice and the inadequacy of so
unequal a distribution as exists at present of the
charge of maintaining the poor. In some of
the most thriving towns and parishes in the
kingdom, there are the fewest poor to be main-
tained—in others, more especially in the manu-
facturing districts, the poor-rates bear most op-
pressively upon the industrious inhabitants, and
they bear the heaviest upon them at those times
when they are productive of the most inconve-
nience—namely, when their manufactures are
suffering under a depreciation, and an additional
number of workmen are in consequence thrown
out of employ. Thus much for the injustice of
the present system ; and for its inadequacy, it is
an additional result of commercial distress, that,
as the number of poor in some districts is dis-
proportionately great, their wants can be but
imperfectly relieved ; and hence scenes of misery
from which humanity revolts.

Divesting this.subject of superfluous words, it
may be thus represented-
1. The system of poor laws is confessed to be a
bad one—being in its operation partial, oppressive,
and inadequate.
2. This system is persevered in, because no other
is apparent, by which the evils complained of may
be avoided, while, at the same time, its object is
attained.

Hence, the desideratum is a system of main-
tenance of the poor, by which this end may be
adequately ensured, and the injustice and op-
pression of the present system precluded. Some
such plan may be thus briefly sketched :

1. The poor-rates, throughout the kingdom, to
be entirely abolished.
2. The charge of maintaining the poor, instead
of being unequally imposed upon the parishes to
which they belong, to be divided among the whole
community, of which they form a part.
3. The maintenance of the poor to be at the ex-
pence of Government.
4. The fund necessary for this purpose to be raised
by a graduated income tax ; by which an effectual
provision would be made for the support of the poor
amidst all the fluctuations of commerce; which, as
on some future occasion our population may not
prove so exuberant as it is the fashion to suppose,
may be as beneficial to the country as sending our
labourers to Botany Bay.

The details of this plan may be readily sug-
gested, if the principle is approved ; but, in
objection to the principle, it will be said the
charge of maintaining the poor will still be une-
qually divided; as, according to it, the rich will
be the largest contributors. Individuals may
complain of this, but they cannot do so with
propriety, since the Government of a people, in
some measures, resembles that of a family, by
which, if it is of an equitable kind, the misfor-
tunes of some individuals are compensated at

the expellee of those who are more prosperous.
If a raret:t were capable of bequeathing to his
.•hithttl only a small patrimony, would not his
car,! 1r to provi,ic for !hose among them
(, 10: ;es Or inittttnes, would other-
,vise he rather th.in for those who,
their exertions being. favoured by fortune rather
than counteracted, already possessed the goods
of the world in comparative superfluity ? A
Government, like a father, must legislatefor the
good of the whole; and provided this is done at
the least possible individual injury, none would
complain but those who are deficient in under-
standing, justice, and philanthropy. If the rich,
from misplaced or degrading affections, will not
voluntarily maintain the poor, a good Govern-
ment should compel them to a better practice
than would follow from their own incli-
nations. What is the alternative ? By the
progress of civilization, the property of a
country becomes so unequally divided, that one
portion of society are rioting in every species of
luxury, while others arc in a state of absolute
starvation. Is it just that a man who is born
under a civilized jurisdiction, and therefore com-
pelled to conform to it, should participate in
none of the advantages of civilization? is it
right that he should be prevented the exercise of
those powers, of those means of subsistence,
with which nature furnished him, while the sys-
tem of civilization affords him no equivalent ?
The plan just suggested will be liable to
another objection, of a political kind—a States-
man may remark upon it, " the resources of an
income-tax must be reserved for a war, if we
should happen to be engaged in one"—to which
it may be replied, " it is better to employ our re-
sources, such as they are, for a national benefit,
than to keep them in reserve, in order that we
may have the power, more freely, to involve our-
selves in a national calamity."—So would
perhaps think a Statesman, who was exempt
from the weakness of preferring brilliancy to
usefulness. I am, Sir, &c.
August 25, 1829. L. G.

FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE.

CIIANGES.

The Earl of Rosslyn and Lady Janet St. Clair Erskine, yester-
day, on a tour; the Earl of Howth for St. Lawrence; the Earl
and Countess of Hardwicke, in st. James's-square, from their
scat, Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire; Dowager Lady Anne Rod-
ney, for lerrington Hall, near Leominster in Hertfordshire ; the
Hon. Henry Fox from the Continent ; Mr. Henry Dawkins for
St. Lawrence ; Major Hyde, in Piccadilly, from Dublin ; Captain
Bingham, in Old Bond-street, from Naples ; Mr. Crawford Davi-
son for Encombe, near Folkestone; Major Beverley, in Sackville-
street, from Lisbon ; Captain Talbot, in St. James's-street, from
; Major Burrell, in Regent-street, from Paris ; 1). Brookes,
Esq. at Talke's Hotel, (late Miller's), Jermyn-street, from a tour;
Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton, at Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square,
from the Continent; Colonel, Mrs. anti Miss Gilbert, at Sym-
mons's Hotel (late Jordan's), St. James's-street, from the Conti-
nent ; Captain and Mrs. I'crceval, at Epsom, from their seat in
Hants ; Lady Church, at Crawley's Hotel (late Cooke's), Albe-
marle-street, from Dover ; Captain Clayton, at ditto, from a
tour ; Mr. and Mrs. Johnson, at the British Hotel, Jermyn_street,
from Ireland; Mr. and Mrs. Phipps, in Wimpole-street, from
their seat in Staffordshire; George Rush, Esq. and family, from
Talke's Hotel (late Miller's), for their seat in Essex ; Captain
and Mrs. Craufurd, from St. James's-street, to Brighton ; William
Cussans, Esq. from the British Hotel, to Paris ; Colonel Wollas-
ton, at Fladong's Hotel, Oxford-street, from Hinckley; S. Fitz-
gerald, Esq. at ditto, from a tour ; Mr. and Mrs. S. Lucas, at
ditto, from Brighton ;Mr. and Mrs. Charles Eyston, from ditto,
for Berks ; John Todd, Esq. from ditto, on a tour ; Mr. and Mrs.
S. Stratton Marsham, at Fenton's Hotel, St. James's-street, from
Norfolk; T. T. Guest, Esq. M.P. at ditto, from_Wales ; S. Levy,
Esq. at ditto, from Brighton ; Ambrose Hussey and J. Hussey,
Esqrs. at ditto, from a tour; Edward Lytton Bulwer, Esq. at
ditto, from Tunbridge Wells; Lady Olivia Sparrow, at the Ber-
ners Hotel, Berners-street, from her seat, the Grove, Gerrards
Cross.