The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-23 00:00:00

'',,.troitia ',,"'-'ilitton

SUN OFFICE Three o'Cloeh.

The people of Birmingham like thos9 of Leeds
and Glasgow, are beginning to complain bitterly
of the tariff of the United States. At first, like
ourselves, when they saw the tariff in conjunc-
tion with Lord AsnnunToN'samicable settlement
of the many disputed questions between Great
Britain and America, the Birmingham houses
were inclined to augur most favourably of our
future prospects, but a rigid examination of the
tariff has led them to a very different and a
much more melancholy conclusion. They have
found out that at present prices the new tariff
will raise the duty on bar iron from 42i to 95
per cent. Our exports of iron and steel, exclu-
sive of cutlery, constitute 1-15th of our trade with
the United States, and as we know that a similar
effect will be produced on our cotton and all
other trade, the prospect in the manufacturing
districts must become more dreary every day.
At Birmingham, we are told, several establish-
ments have already intimated their intention to
reduce their present complement of clerks and
servants, and from 150 to 200 additional hands
will cease to find employment in the course of
the week. The events from which we had
anticipated an increase of our traffic, will un-
fortunately operate the other way, and the
peace and security we have, as it were, bestowed
on the United States, will enable them to extend
their domestic industry without giving a corre-
sponding extension to our own. These unfortu-
nate circumstances are plainly the consequences,
not of our diplomacy, but of our own domestic
arrangements, and the community would be
much more benefited by our Contemporaries
turning their attention from abusing the late
treaty, to rectify our own faulty legislation
We have laid before our readers proofs from
the woollen, the cotton, and the iron dis-
tricts, of a great injury inflicted on those
three branches of our trade by a foolish law
enacted in a foreign country in retaliation of a
foolish or wicked law enacted at home. Where
this new mode of making war, and inflicting
mutual injury by legislation, is to end we cannot
foresee, but we can inform the people of both
hemispheres that they must strangle the restric-
tive system, or it will soon strangle prosperity,
and put peace to flight.

We cannot imagine what object certain writers
have in view by denouncing, day after day, the
treaty concluded between this country and
America, and heaping abuse on Lord ASH-
BURTON, as if he had betrayed his country.
These articles are of no ordinary length, for
they extend occasionally to two or three columns,
and the authors, like great talkers, seem to for-
get at the end what they said at the beginning.
Is it their object to induce the Government to
reject the treaty, or have they recourse to
all this "sound and fury " with a view
to excite hostility to the Government, and
keep up a bad feeling between the two
countries? We fear the latter are the real
causes. They cannot imagine that a treaty in.
volving so many points, to which there cannot
be any reasonable objection, is to be annulled,
because Canada. has obtained a smaller portion of
the disputed territory than was originally
claimed ; or that the British Government could
with a good grace refuse the line which the
Whigs were willing to accept ten years ago.
Since that period the difficulties of settling the
dispute have been daily on the increase, the
American settlers in the neighbourhood have
become more numerous, and the value of
the districts to which they consider themselves
entitled has consequently increased to a great
extent. If the American Government, therefore,
were not disposed to accept the offer made by
Lord Grimes Government, it could not reason-
ably be expected to accept less favourable con-
ditions now, and the result would be, that this
dangerous question would remain open, England
would be forced to keep a large army in Canada,
and in:a few years, probably, the two countries
would be involved in a destructive war.
England can afford to be generous. No
nation can accuse her of truckling to other
Powers, or of any want of courage when her
rights or character are concerned ; and
if by this treaty peace can be preserved, the
people of England and of America will alike
regard it as a blessing. While on this subject
we may refer to the correspondence published
in another part of the paper, in relation to the
American prisoners banished to Van Diemen's
Land. Mr. WF.BSTER, in his reply to a letter
on the subject, signed by certain citizens, states
that be will communicate it to Lord ASHBURTON,
and, that he has the strongest hope that it will
be effectual. in obtaining the pardon of these
misguided men. We trust it will be successful,
and that the amnesty will also be extended to
the Canadian convicts.

The Madrid journals of the 14th instant state
that the prospects of the Ministry are brighten-
ing. The Junta of the Centralized Debt of
Madrid have offered to advance the Finance
'Minister three millions of reals; the Bank Di-
rectors are to supply six millions more, so that
the clamorous officials will now receive their
arrears of salary.

Madrid Bourse on the 14th—Five per Cents.,
27k 11-16 at 60 days. Nothing done for cash.

A pamphlet published by General BUGEAUD,
Governor-General of Algeria, on the coloniza-
tion of French Africa, is the subject of much
comment in the French journals of Wednesday.
According to the General's account, the war is
not yet half over, for France cannot retain the
coast without taking possession of the interior of
the country, and covering it with military colo-
nies. To retain the country France must keep
in Africa a force of 80,000 men. Since 1831 the
army in Africa has been increased from 17,000
to 70,000 men. The General describes the
interior of the country as very fine, and ex-
ceedingly fertile. He considers that if his plan
of conquest be properly carried out, the colony
will inaintaie itself without any assistance from
France. We doubt this. The Regency, as it is
called, cannot be made to defray its own ex-
penses during the lifetime of the present genera-
tion. The revenue raised in Algeria, in 1837,
fell short of three millions of francs, and, notwith-
standing the dreadful razzias of 1841, when
whole villages were nightly plundered and
burned by the French, and all the cattle carried
off, the produce from every source did not
amount to nine millions of francs. Where is the
prospect here of defraying the expenses of an
army of 80,000 men, independently of the
charges of the civil service ? The following are
the remarks of the National upon the subject:—
M. Bugeaud's plan appears to us to want a good
foundation, and we are of opinion, that in order that
Africa may produce us something, it is necessary,
above all, to raise contributions from the Arabs. The
Governor-General, in fact, touches on this question,
and explains what men and means ought to be em-
ployed in the operations known by the name of
razzias. We are sorry, we confess, to find such an
expression proceeding from the pen of a man who
has the honour of commanding a French army. The
razzias, which most frequently supplied a ground
work for the pompous bulletins of our staff in
Africa, are, in fact, most deplorable things,, of
which, for the honour of France, we ought to hasten
to destroy all traces, if we do not wish to resemble
the English pilferers, levying contributions on the
coasts of China. There is not, besides, a single officer
of sense and feeling who does not acknowledge that
the razzias are a cause of demoralisation for the army
and of weakness in its discipline, without being a source
of revenue worth speaking of for the Government.
In order that the colony should be sufficient for its
own wants, and give some compensation for the enor-
mous sacrifices which we are forced to make, other
means must be sought than those proposed by M.
Bugeaud. And will they be found ? or, if found, will
they 1;e put in execution? Will Africa' cease to be
regarded as a camp, where favourite officers go to seek
a means of advancement ? We do not think these
things will be witnessed, but at least we ought to be

obliged to M. Bageaud for having endeavoured to find I
them.

The allusion to the conduct of England in
China is coarse and ill-natured, but not happy.

It should have been intimated that before ac-
cepting the Canton ransom, our merchants were
illegally plundered of millions of pounds worth
of property. What did the Arabs take from the
French which could only be repaid by razzias?
Nor is the acceptance of the ransom of a city to
be placed in the category of crimes with the
midnight massacre of the inhabitants of sleeping
villages. The Commerce, in adverting to the
pamphlet of General BUQEAUD, says :
The Government and the public ought to hold
themselves carefully on their guard against the ima-
gination of the Governor-General ; he is subject to
error, and unfortunately the experience of this fact
does not tend to diminish his excessive confidence, or
the impetuosity of his affirmation. General Bu-
geaud's pamphlet has only strengthened a conviction
which we have long entertained—that by the
severity and rude energy of his command, he
might be serviceable in keeping down the Arabs
—no very difficult work, by the way, with the
immense means he has at his disposal—
but that he is not endowed with any of the qualities
of the organizer, the statesman, the political econo-
mist, and the cool observer, which are so necessary for
compassing the colonization, the civil, agricultural,
and manufacturing constitution of Africa. M.
Bugeaud, in fact, only sees a possibility of prosperity
for the colony in military rule. It is in the army that
he places the elements of government and coloniza-
tion; the colonists are but mere accessories. His
system may be found in the following extract from his
work—' An army of sufficient strength will govern
the country, receive the taxes, and favour commercial
speculation.'"

Letters from Algiers of the 10th inst. state that
the French in Africa are likely to have a trouble-
some winter of it. Many of the tribes who were
submissive while their crops were on the ground,
having now secured their harvest, are rising in
arms against the French. General BUGEAUD
.will find plentyof employment during the winter
besides pamphleteering. But the General
fancies himself a statesman as well as a warrior,
and that he wields the pen as potently as he
does the sword. We subjoin what other items of
news we find in the French journals :
M. Dupuch, Bishop of Algiers, is expected very
shortly in France. The Prelate is then to return to
Pavia, to fetch the celebrated relic of St. Augustin,
granted by the civil and ecclesiastical authorities of
the country. His Holiness Gregory. XVI. has ad•
dressed a most encouraging and flattering brief on the
subject to M. Dupuch. The French Government
grants a man-of-war to convey this treasure to Algiers
with all military honours. The keeping of the pre-
cious relic will be entrusted to the Trappists.—Ga-
zette de France.
PARIS, SEPT. 21.—Letters from the frontiers of
Spain say that General Zurbano, after visiting all the
fortresses in Upper Catalonia, had returned to Gerona,
where a brilliant serenade was given him on occasion
of his receiving the Grand Cross of Isabella the Catholic.
The Municipality of Bilboa, in consequence of a
dispute with the military authorities, has offered its
resignation in a body.
The Journal du Havre after giving a detailed ac-
count of the unhappy shipwreck of the Leopoldina
Rosina, on the east coast of Uruguay, adds :
" Two hundred and thirty-one passengers, chiefly
women and children, were victims of this disaster.
Only 72 escaped, as it were, by a miracle, and were
taken on board the French schooner L'Eclair. The
latter speaks in great praise of the firm and generous
conduct of Don Vicento Acosta, and Don Natalor
Molino, whose presence at the spot where the ship-
wreck was, checked the violence of the Gauchos, and
protected them in their distress from further mo-
lestation." •
TOULON, SEPT. 17.—" The Lamproire corvette has
to-day taken its bill of health.
" There is much bustle in our port. The works on
board the Ville de Marseille are prosecuted with great
activity, and several ships are preparing to depart for
different destinations."—Commerce.
BOURSE—PARIS, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 21.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Fives (ex div.) 118 90... 119 ... 118 90... 118 90
Fours (ex div.) 101 25... 101 25 .. 101 25... 101 25
3 per Cents 80 15... 80 15... 80 10... 80 10
Bank of France 3270 ...3270 ...3270 .. 3270

Laffitte Bank 1,0001 1037 50 ..1037 50...1037 50...1037 50
Belgian Fives lO3l ... 103/ ... 103/1 1031
1840 lO5 ... 1054 ... 105 ... 105 i
Spanish Active 22 ... 22 ... 22 ... 22
Neapolitan... lO7 45... 107 45... 107 30... 107 30
Roman
RAILWAY SHARES,

Versailles, R.B ...... 255 ... 255 ... 255 ... 255
L.B 96' 25... 96 25... 96 25... 96 25
Rouen

Orleans. 575 ... 580 ... 575 ... 580
Strasburg to 8a1e...... 203 75... 206 25... 203 75... 205

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
(RECEIVED THIS DAY.)
LIVERPOOL RACES.—YESTERDAY.
The St. Leger Stakes of 20 sovs. each, h. ft., with SO
added ; the second to save his stake. One mile and
three quarters.
Col. Cradock's Sally (Templeman) 1
Mr. Ferguson's Fireaway
Won easy.
The Knowsley Stakes of 20 sovs. each, h. ft., with 20
added. T.Y.C.
Lord Eglinton's Pompey; by Enailius (Lye) 0 1
Mr. Allen's Erin Lad, by Sheet Anchor 0 dr
Mr. Ongley's The Queen of the Gipseys 3
Col. Crawford's cby Bay Middleton Mermaid 4
Sir J. -Gerard's Prince. 5
After the dead heat, Pompey walked over.
The Heaton Park Stakes (Handicap) of 25 sovs. each,
15 ft and 5 ft only if declared; 100 sovs. added for the
second. Two miles.
Mr. Bower's Collins, 4 yrs, Bst 41b (Marlow) 1
Mr. Goodman's Shadow, 6 yrs, Bst 41b 2
Mr. Worthington's Lady Mary, 4 yrs, 7st
The following also started but were not placed :
Duke of Richmond's Mus, aged ; Major Hay's Re-
triever, 6 yrs ; Mr. Graydon's Clinker, 6 yrs ; Colonel
Cradock's Pagan, 4 yrs; Lord Eglinton's The Young-'uni
5 yrs; Mr. llornby's Champagne, 5 yrs ; Sir J. Gerard's
Meal, 3 yrs ; Mr. Meiklam's Aristotle, 3 yrs, and Lord
G. Bentinck's Proof Print, 3 yrs. The favourite was
beaten by a length.
The Selling Stakes of 10 sovs. each, and 50 added ; the
second to save his stake, and the winner to be sold for
200/. Mile and a half.
Mr. Merry's Smike, 3 yrs (Lye) 5 2 1 1
Lord G. Bentinck's St. Jean D'Acre, 3 yrs 1 3 3 2
Sir R. W. Bulkeley's Cerito, 4 yrs 4 1 2 3
Mr. Skerratt's Hudibras, 4 yrs 2 dr
Mr. Meiklam's Aristotle, 3 yrs 3 dr.
Won easy.
HASTINGS RACES—YESTERDAY.
The Town Plate of 501. Heats.
Mr. Paton's Viola, 4 yrs. (Esling) 0 1 1
Mr. Lewis's Gazelle, 3 yrs
Mr. Mares' Argos, 5 yrs 0 0 3
Mr. Clifton's Vigo, 3 yrs 2 2 dr
Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each, and 40 added. Heats,
mile and a half.
Mr. Paton's Blazer, 3 yrs (Crouch) 0 1 1
Mr. Webb's Egypte, 3 yrs
Mr. Cowley's Adrian, aged 0 2 3
Mr. Simmonds' Obelisk, aged
Mr. Hale's Laurestina, 4 yrs
LINCOLN RACES.—WEDNESDAY.
Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas. Heats, two miles.
Mr. Ramshay's Moss Trooper, 3 yrs (Lye) 1 1
Mr. Stebbing's Edmund, 3 yrs... 2 dr
Mr. Smith's Atalanta, 5 yrs
The Blankuey Stakes of 20 says. each, h ft, with 30
added. About half a mile.
Mr. G. Clark's Amiens . . (Holmes) 1
Mr. Stable's cby Ebberston, dam by Muley Moloch 2
The Hunters' Stakes of 5 soya. each. Heats, two miles.
Mr. T. Raworth's Chance, 5 yrs
Mr. Simpson's Aggravator, aged 2 dr
Mr. Higgins's Roulette, 5 yrs