The Sun.
London, England, 1845-09-22 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY, bEPTEKBEE, 22, 1845.

preach, had not proceeded half a mile, when he caught
a glimpse of his Grace through the pine-trees, running
at the top of his Speed in a❑ opposite direction
from the river. To turn his horse and gallop after the
Duke was the work of a moment, and having succeeded
in his object, the next point was to place the unhappy
Nobleman under shelter. One of the boatmen who had
followed the Duke into the woods having reached the
spot where Colonel Cockburn had overtaken his Grace,
underto to conduct the party to a farm-house, about a
quarter of a mile lower down the stream. •
" To this humble dwelling the Duke was taken ; but
when laid upon a sofa in the only habitable apartment
of this building, his Grace's agitation increased to a
violent degree ; and, while labouring under frightful
spastnolic affection, he entreated to he removed further
from the river, as he could hear the rippling caused by
the current. In compliance with this request, the Duke
was supported by Major Bowles and Colonel Cockburn
to a barn, about one hundred yards in the rear of the
dwelling-house, and a rude bed of clean straw having been
piled together in one corner, his Grace was laid upon it. It
became evident to those around the sufferer that the
dreadful crisis was approaching; indeed, the Duke him-
self was aware that his last hour was at hand. His
Grace was perfectly calm and collected and resigned to
his fate; so much so. that a very short time before he
breathed his last, the Duke wrote a letter to Lady Mary
Lennox, his eldest daughter, the contents of which re-
lated to family matters of a strictly private nature.
From the moment this task had been accomplished, the
Duke grew gradually worse, and appeared to be sinking.
Towards evening his Grace was seized with shivering.
fits, and the 'extremities became cold ; but his senses
i:ever forsook him: he rec•)gnised every one around him,
and prayed to be released from his sufferings. About
eight o'clock this revered and lamented Nobleman
breathed his last, with the resignation of a Christian,
and the fortitude which is inseparable from the just and
the good.—Brighton Herald.

THE NAVAL RETIREMENT.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Site,—Your well-known advocacy of the claims of the
navy induces me to lay before you a f.tw remarks on the
naval retirement, which is about to be consummated
only with respect to the Post List, to the exclusion of
the commanders and lieutenants, which must be pre-
mised from the fact, that not a word has been said of
the other rank, either in the way of promise that their
case shall likewise meet with due consideration now, or
at some future period, or even a word of consolation to
the effect that they are not wholly forgotten. Standing
as their claims do in many cases preeminently superior,
to their seniors in rank, it can hardly be believed that
such partiality as this can be intended, and that such an
extensive and sweeping retirement as to include nearly
half of the captains, should be only extended to ono
class, and that class, already possesing all out of the few,
verp few rewards, that have been doled out, at various
periods to the British navy.
The present limited retirement of the captains alone,
besides disorganising the service and causing an undue
disparity to exist between the captains and commanders
inconsistent with their relative ranks with the army,
both with respect to pay and widow's pension, is calcu-
lated to cause much discontent, as the old commanders
should at least be justly compensated, ere innovations
calculated to depr ss their rank are introduced ; there-
fore, should it be found that this long-sought-for retire-
ment is to be confined to the captains alone, the only
conclusion we can arrive at is, that what has been done
was not done from a sense of jastice and gratitude to
those veteran officers, but only with a view to remove
the impediment, which they constantly presented to the
advance of the younger and more fortunate scions of the
aristocracy, who have crowded into the service since the
peace, and that it is to make room for these favoured
sons of fortune that the old war officers are to be thrust
aside.

If it is the intention of our rulers at the next session
of Parliament to treat the other Lists as they have that
of the captains, no one would complain at the delay, as
the poor can never hops to be served at the same time as
the rich, and Lazarus must await until Dives has dined,
that he may partake of the crums that may remain. Not
that I would be understood to detract from the merits of
those fortunate officers who are to partake of the sum
granted ; which, though tolerably liberal, as it is, when
applied to one rank only, is in amount such as many of
our nobility could give their ladies as pin money, and
when coming
from a great nation to that nation's chief
support, her pride, her boast, her glory, is but an in-
glorious testimony of her gratitude.
If the other ranks of the navy hope to obtain that
compensation for their services which is so justly their
due, now is the time to make the effort, before the next
session of Parliament, while the subject is under the
consideration of the House. An appeal should at once
be made against the injustice of leaving them wholly
unconsidered ; and, with the aid of your valuable advo-
cacy, and that of tthe press in general, which should:be
invoked in their behalf, I doubt not of success, as it is
to be hoped that the spirit of equity, justice, and con-
sistency will influence the Government to go on with the
Zo,nl nv.ll was i. vi.vl---trairt, an uolity-tregur:-1. nave
the honour to.be, Sir, your obedient servant,
Exeter, Sept. 19, 1845. JUSTITIA.

on an impartial report of that kind that it can come to a
satisfactory decision. Two communications from M.
Payen and M. Phillippan were made on the disease
which has attacked the potatoes in Holland, Belgium,
some parts of Germany, and the northern and western
departments of France. 'rue information now given
dons not add much to that wh ch we previously pos-
sessed. It seems to be admitted on all sides that the
disease is a parisitical vegetable, and that it exists only,
although to a great extent, in certain localities. Equally
certain is it that the disease is apparent where it. does
exist, and that no danger can possibly result from the
eating of potatoes which, being boiled, present no appear-
ance of taint or decay. M. Payen is of opinion also,
that, where the tubercle is only partially diseased, the
sound parts may be separate d for use, by the extraction
of the diseased portion, and that, where the potatoes
are only slightly attacked, they may be given safely
as food to animals, if the water in which they are
boiled be thrown away. This, however, is reasoning
without knowledge of the precise operation of the poison-
ous principle, and of its being taken up by the water.
It would, wo think, be very dangerous to act upon the
opinion of M. Payen to ally extent without first trying
the effect on a small scale. M. Biot presented to the
Academy an apparatus which is used in Germany by
the sugar manufacturers to try the strength and cha-
racter of their syrup, and also by medical men as a test
in diabetic urine. It is of very simple construction.
It consists of two concentric prisms of nickle, one of which
is fixed, whilst the other, to which the eye is applied, is
moveable. They are separated by a tube, which is filled
with the solution to be examined. The two prisms are so
placed that the light polarised by the first may be refused
by the second. The solution is now introduced. A coloured
object is seen, which is at first blue. The moveable prism
is now turned until the object is yellow. The angle of
rotation to arrive at this tint gives, by mans of a table,
the quantity of crystallisable sugar contained in the
solution. M. Bourguy read a paper to prove the exist-
ence of nerves in the serous membranes. M. Arago read
a communication from Professor 0 aen, of London, and
corresponding member of the Academy, on the fossil
teeth of a monkey of a particular species. A paper was
received from M. Matteuci on the electrical powers of the
torpedo: He shows that the discharge proceeds from a
particular part of the body, between the back and the
belly, and not, as has been asserted, from all parts of the
eel.

THE ARMY.

CAVALRY.

2d Dragoon Guards—Head-quarters, with the band
and staff and one troop, under the eornaland of Lieute-
nant Colonel Charleton, arrived in Dublin, from Long-
ford, on the 16th September, and occupied the Royal
Barracks, having been relieved by the Bth (Royal Irish)
Ilussars. Major Campbell and Captain Knox have
joined head-quarters from leave of absence. The troop
from Athlone, under Captain Tuthill, arrived in Dublin
on the 18th instant, and joined head-quarters. The
two troops from Dunmore and Mohill, and detachment
from Clone, arrive in Dublin by 19th, to join head-
quarters, having been relieved by three troops of the Bth
(Royal Irish) Ilussars.
3d Dragoon Guards, Bullincolli,4—Assistant-Sur?„con
Tufnell has joined head-quarters from leave of absence.
2d, Royal North British Dragoons.—Two troops and
head-quarters, with till band and staff, under the com-
mand of Major Ricketts, arrived in Dublin from Dun-
dalk, on the 18th instant, and occupied Portobello Bar-
racks, on being relieved by the head-quarters of the Ist
Royal Dragoons. Lieutenant Philips, riding-master,
2 subalterns, 2 sergeants, 1 farrier, 30 rank and file,
6 officers' chargers, and 31 troop horses, recruits, and
young horses, are stationed at New Bridge. Lieutenant
and Adjutant Reid has joined head-quarters from leave;
Lieutenant-Colonel Clarke is on leave.
Bth Royal Irish Hussars—The troop at Athlone is
under the command of Captain Rodolph De Salis ; 30
troop-horses which were cast were left behind at Porto-
bello Barracks, Dublin, to be sold by public auction at
the Royal Horse Bazaar.
INFANTRY.

sth Fusiliers—The band of the sth Fusiliers had to
do garrison duty on Sunday, at Enniskillen, there not
being a sufficient number of rank and filo to mount
guard, as all the disposable force had been marched to-
wards Killeahandra.

6th Royal Regiment, Mullingar—The company, con-
sisting of Captain Finlay, Lieut. Balguy, Ensign Mosse,
2 sergeants, 1 drummer, and 60 rank and file, march
from Shannon Bridge, for Mullingar, Sept. 20, halting
at Athlone on Sunday, the .21st inst., en route, will
arrive and join the head-quarters on the 23d, having
been relieved by a company of the 75th regiment.
7th Royal Fusiliers, depot Charles Fort Kinsale, under
orders for Naas—The Ist division of two companies will
halt at Fethard, on Sunday, 2S, en route, and will ar-
rive at Naas by Oct. 4, there to occupy the barracks.
The head-quarters and one company, under Major Lacey
Yea, which marches from Charles Fort on Sept. 23, will
halt at Clonmel on Sunday, en route, 29th inst., and will
halt at Ballitone on Sunday, Oct. 5, and will arrive on the
6th October. Othcers on leave of absence:—Lieuts.
'porter; to Sept. 3- i Miller and Watson, to Oct. 7. Efrec-
tive strength.-1 acting sergeant -maj.,r, 14 sergeants,
5 drummers, and 216 rank and file.
32d Regiment, Cornwall, Athlone—The company,
consisting of Brevet Major. Browne, Lieutenant Weary,
Ensign Birtwhistle, 3 sergeants, 1 drummer, and 54 rank
and file, march from Banagher for Athlone 20th Sept.,
and will halt on Sunday at Ballinasloe, en route, and will
arrive and join head-quarters on the 22d inst., having
been relieved by a company of the 75th Regiment, Ath-
lone.—Captain ICyrle's company, with Lieutenant King,
Ensign Boissier, 3 sergeants, 1 drummer, and 58 rank and
file, march from Portumna, 19th Sept., halting at Bal-
linasloe on Sunday, 21st Sept., en route, and will join
head-quitters at Athlone on the 22d, having been relieved
by a company of the 75th Regiment.
34th Regiment, Cumberland, Athlone, under orders
for Cork.—Officers on leave of absence:—Lieut.-Colonel
Geo. Airey, to 10th Oct. ; Major Brown, to 14th Oct. ;
Captains Matthews, Lang, Simpson, Schreiber, and Tal-
bot, to 30th Sept. ; Lieutenants Robertson; Brisbane,
Maxwell, and Oxley, to 30th Sept. ; Ensign Sir George
Henry Scott Douglass, Bart., to 30th Sept. Recruiting
—4 sergeants and 16 rank and file. Effective strength
—43 sergeants, 1 sergeant-major, 17 drummers, and
780 rank and file. The first division marched this day
from Athlone to Cork, to embark for Corfu, under the
command of Lieut.-Colonel Airey.
35th Depot.—Two companies of the 35th Depot, :eons
Nenagh, under command of Captain Beamish, with
Lieut. Baker and Ensignaßussell and Davoney, marched
into this garrison, yesterday, and this morning left en
route to Kinsale, head-quarters. Captain lhamish's
company wilt be stationed at Bandon.
38th Depot.—Mojor Campbell, Captain Smith, and
Assistant-Surgeon Browne, 38th Depot, are to join the
service companies at Gibraltar.
41st (Welsh Regiment), Royal Barracks, Dublin—
Brevet Major Cochrane is going to sell out, and Captain
Montizambert is going to exchange into a regiment in
India. This officer is on leave of absence. Lieutenant-
Colonel Browne is commanding.
44th (East Essex), Richmond Barracks, Dublin—The
followin?; officers have joined head-quarters from leave of
absence:--Captains Browne and Cary. Officers on leave
of absence, Captain Gardiner, to the 30th Sept. ; Lieut.
Noake, to 30th Sept. ; Ensign Cooper, to 30th Nov. ;
and Surgeon Ross, to 24th Nov. itecruiting.-3 ser-
geants and 6 rank and file.
ROYAL MA RlNES.—Second•Lieutenant C. J. Ellis, of
the Portsmouth division, embarked on board her Ma-
jesty's ship President, 10th instant. First-Lieutenant
Ramsay, 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, 1 fifer, and 25 privates,
embarked from the Chatham division to her Majesty's
ship Juno, 12th instant. First-Lieutenant Elliott, 1
corporal, 1 fifer. 22 privates, embarked to her Majesty's
ship Victory, and relieved Lieutenant Sawyer and an
equal number of N. C. officers and privates, 9th inst.
First-Lieutenant Phillips, 1 corporal and 16 privates of
the Plymouth division were relieved from her Majesty's
ship Caledonia, by Lieutenant Walsh, and equal num-
bers of rank and tile, 9th Sept. instant. Assistant Sur-
geon Henderson has two months' leave of absence from
the battalion in Ireland, commencing on the 10th inst.
Lieutenant and Adjutant Wade, of the Plymouth division,
has three months leave of absence from the 11th instant.
Brevet-Major Morrison has his present leave extended
for one month for the re-establishment of his health.
Lieutanant and Adjutant Travers, of the Chatham divi-
sion, has one month further leave. Assistant-surgeon
Morrison, of the Plymouth division, has leave of ab-
sence for one month from the 16th instant. Lieutenant-
Colonel Stevens has seave for 14 days. Lieut. Parke,
of the Artillery Comps ny of the corps, has further leave
for one month. First .Lieut. Arnold, of the Portsmouth,
and First Lieut. M•Culla in, of the Chatham division, have
been allowed to exchangs• divisions, 17th instant. Pay-
sergeant Patrick Smyth, of the Woolwich division,
having solicited and obtained his discharge from the
corps, the Board of Admiralty have marked their sense
of his exemplary conduct for a period of 22 years, by
awarding him a pension of 321. Bs. per annum for life.
Lieut. Phillips has three months' leave of absence from
the 19th instant.
54th Regiment (%Vest Norfolk), Fermoy, are ordered
to move into Cork, to einrsarlc their service corps for
Gibraltar, on board of the Blenheim and General Palmer
transports. The depot companies will remain at Fermoy.
Major Moore is on leave of absence. Colonel M. Fano
is commanding.
67th (South Hampshire) Regiment, Royal Barracks,
Dublin—The company from Beggars' Bush Barracks
joined head-quarters at tho Royal Barracks on the 17th
inst.
70th (Surrey) Regiment, Newry, under orders for
Dublin, and on arrival at head-quarters will occupy
barracks in Great Ship-street. Lieut. Oswald l'illing, 1
ensign, 2 sergeants, 1 drummer, and 38 rank and file,
occupy the barracks at Athy. Two companies are at
Naas, under Brevet Major Paschal.
73d Regiment—Depot, Spike Island, Cove of Cork.
Officers presen"l, Major Eyre, commanding ; Captains
Frence and Ricard ; Lieuts. Campbell, Murray (depot
paymaster), and Littlehales ; Ensigns Nash, Hickam,
and Ramsay ; Assistant Surgeon Hodgson. Effective
strengatnhd-4124acrtainnic". sergeantle. A
sergeant
t major,Camdendrum-
mers,and Fort, Cove, Lieut.
D'Arcy, 1 sergeant, and 16 rank and file. At Carlisle
Fort, a detachment of 1 sergeant, and 16 rank and file.
Her Majesty's troop-ship Apollo will sail from Ports-
mouth to Cork harbour on the 20th Sept., to take on
board the service companies for conveyance to the Cape
of Good :Hope. Officers
.n , Brevet Major present,Smith, Brevet Lieutenant-
Col.r •
Vandcrmeulen coalman&
Captains Widdrington,
Combe, Browne, and O'Connell ;
Lieuts. Wia-dlaw, Faust, Blase, Wellesley, Nash, Hough-
ton, and tll a lion. W. J. Granville Chetwynd ; Ensigns

lid% Owen, Wocd, Knox, Peto ; Paymaster Court,
Lieut. and. Adjutant Bicknell, Quartermasttr Hickson,
and Surgeon NPBean. Effective strength of six com-
panies and head-quarters, 1 sergeant-rnajor, 28 ser-
geants, II drummers, and 409 rank and fib. li,cruiting
—4 serpaqts and 8 rank and file. Colonel Love and
Captain Pinkney are on the staff at Carmarthen; Captain
Parkinson is on leave till he retires on half-pay.

ORDNANC t: CORPS,

Rifle Beigad .—Depiit. Ist Battalion, Pigeon House
Fort, Dublin.—A detachment of 19 rank and tile nia.rched
front L..ad-coart.u, Pigeon 11Ause Fort, to Beggar.'
Bush Barracks on the 16th Septemb, r, to juin the do-
tachment under the command of Captain Reyoard. re-
lieving a company of the 67th Regbnent. First Litu•
tenant the 11 Ernest Fitzroy Neville Fane is on
leave of absence to OA. 31. A draft of 1 captain, 1 ser-
geant, and 30 rank and file, are ordered to embark for
the Mediterranean, there to join their service companie4,
to be escorted to the port of embarkation by an armed
party and supernumerary- men. Major Walpole is comu-
manding the depot.

THE CROYDON AT3IOSPIIERIC

RAILWAY.

The following is the report of Mr. Samuda, presented
to the last meeting of the London and Croydon proprie-
tors, relative to the progress of the atmospheric system
on the lino :

" I have the honour to report to your board the pro-
gress of the atmospheric works 1/4,n your line.
" From the Forest hill Station to; Croydon the atmos-
pheric apparatus is laid, the engine fixed, and experi-
mental trains have been run.

" As far as relates to this portion of the line, it now
only remains to complete the station arrangements, get
the engines into proper working order, and instruct and
practice the telegraph inn and train conductors in their
respective duties, to enable it to be opened for public
traffic.

"The whole number of atmospheric pipeS intended
for the New Cross line arc prepared and ready to be laid,
so soon as the road is sufficiently advanced to receive
them ; the rest of the atmospheric apparatus belonging
to them is on the ground, and this portion can be com-
pleted within one month after the road is ready.
" Atmospheric tubes and apparatus are in course of
preparation fin. the other portions of the line, so as to
enable us to follow up the earthwork and ballasting in all
cases without delay.
" The result of the experimental workings his been in
every respect successful, and has realised in the fullest
degree all that wai expected.
" A speed of seventy miles per hour has been attained
with a train of six carriages ; a speed of thirty miles per
hour with a train of sixteen carriages.
"Using only one steam-engine over two sections of
main (a length of five miles) we have found it practi
cable to attain a vacuum of more than twenty-seven
inches in the whole length. And we have both ex-
hauqed the main and run trains at a very high speed
(upwards of sixty miles an hour) over the five miles with
the aid of one enAine only.
" When exhausting the main with the engines, as in-
tended in practice,;working vacuums have been attained
within the time calculated.
. " We find the arrangemeats well suited for working
the intermediate stations traffic.

"Some slight delays have arisen from the improve-
ments in, and novelty of, many of the parts introduced in
this the first single line of railway which works both
ways on the atmospheric principle, rendering additions
and variations necessary, which have only been shown
to be advisable in the course of the experiments alluded
to, but the whole are now in course of satisfactory com-
pletion. " J. D'A. SAMUDA."

ADMISSION TO NATIONAL
BUILDINGS.

The Honourable Member for Montrose, Mr. Hume, is
adding to the imperishable glory of a well-spent public
life by labouring to obtain for the humbler classes of the
sompefelooitnnphltelisern,
finenoe nl,
rt
tphrs ohitfsirocluootroupgnhotrirecuyaarti ftpaireaneslecasi
mechanical
ohadmissionpu:tirne icteyhaitennots(iir: thein!:tr,
rtai:omaannous,eil
oheuarveorti
1-Tirrriii.egpeorsi
iittio,.riesFert
Itehvienglisutmataensiizn7enngh‘a.rvegatsirrve ofd
their their country so usefully, so perseveringly. and so dis-
interestedly as honest Joseph Ilume. %VII( n he en-
tered Parliament, upwards of a quarter of a cen-
tury ago, lie found the finances of the country in a
state of the greatest contlision—extravagance and
jobbing in every department of the Government—
the public accounts purposely perplexed by corrupt
subordinates, so that Ministers themselves dial not. un-
derstand them —and the most reckless di-regard of the
principles of economy in every office under the Crown.
Like aim ist every great benefactor of his country in
the House of Commens, Mr. Hume addressed all the
energies of his indomitable mind to the accomplishment
of one great purpose. He had resolved to penetrate
the mysteries of the State expenditure—to lay bare
every avenue to public corruption—and to esta-
blish the real responsibility of Ministers by placing
the nation in a position to judge of their
fidelity as stewards of the patronage of the
Crown, and the taxes of the people. His
first attempts were naturally unpromising. The
country could not judge: of the importance of hir
labours ; and the courtiers, whom his exposures annoyed,
assailed him with gibes, sneers, and menaces. Bat to
threats and entreaties he was equally deaf. Gradually
others joined him ; his perseverance wearied out Minis •
try after Ministry ; and at last the most important re-
turns were ordered, to escape from the fatiguing cross-
questioning of the then Hon. Member for Middlesex.
Nor were his labours confined to exposures of the extra-
vagance of the Goverment in the House of Commons.
To the Ministerial heads of the public departments he
privately communicated plans for cutting down the
expenditure in their respective offices, and was content
to award to them all the merit of originating such of his
suggestions as they adopted. This gave him an influ-
ence with Ministers but little understood out of doors,
and the result was the full and complete accomplish.
ment of a purpose which has saved this country the pro-
fligate expenditure of millions of public money ;
which has placed the whole scheme of our finances
within the comprehension of • a school-boy ; and
which has infused a spirit of honour and of
integrity in nearly all our public offices. But finan-
cial morass did not satisfy the patriotism of Mr.
Hume. He was one of the first to expose, and one of
the most active in removing some of the worst abuses
of the Irish Church. None toiled harder to procure
the passing of the Reform Bill. He assisted in the
work of Corporate Reform ; and though he was not
in Parliament when SW Robert Peel's Tariff was
introduced, the Premier's Budget had been submitted
to him before it was opened in the House of Com-
m mi. Mr. Wyse had his aid in maturing his scheme
of National E.lucation. Mr. Wallace had all the
benefit of his experience, endeavouring to reform
the abuses of the Post-office ; and Mr. Hutt could
calculate upon no surer supporter when dwelling
upon the hardship of the Sound and Elbe dues to
British shipping. For the last two years he has more
especially addressed himself to the business of obtaining
for the people free admission to our national monuments,
with a view to enlarge their sympathies, purity their
tastes, and exalt the standard of their moral feelings ;
and, no are delighted to add, with most gratifying suc-
cess. Principally through the exertions of a society of
which he is chairman, and which numbers amongst its
members Lord Francis Egerte n, Lord Lowther, Lord
Worsley,Lord John Manners, Mr.lliitt, and others, many
of the national edifices hitherto closed against the working
classes, by reason of the fees charged for viewing
them, are now either wholly or partially open for some
days of the week free of any charge whatever. For
instance, the British Museum is open free, three
days in every week ; the National Gallery is free
four days ; St. Paul's and Westminster Abbey (except
the chapels) are free every day ; the Society of
Arts is free five days ; Hampton Court Palace six
days ; the Woolwich Model every day ; the Norwich
Cathedral an hour daily ; the Bath and Wells Cathedral
every day ; the Durham Cathedral (except the chapel of
the Nine Altar) every day ; and the whole of the treasures
of the Tower of London can now be inspected for one
shilliug, instead of eight times that sum. Liverpool ad-
mits its mechanics to its Botanical Garden two days in
the week, free of expense ; the Royal Botanical Garden
of Edinburgh is open, free to all applicants ; and the
Dublin Botanical Garden is accessible to the peasantry,
free of charge, two days in every week. Now, it has
reached the ears of Mr. Hutne, and some other members
of this patriotic society, that Hull boasts of a Zoologi-
cal and a Botanical Garden—that our Philosophical
Society possesses a Museum—that we have a magni-
ficent old parish church—that. Beverley Minster •is
a glor:ous specimen of gothic art ; and they are
curious to know to what extent the working classes
may participate, without charge, in their humanising
influences. Mr. Hume urges that fifteen years'
experience has satistie d him that the people, when
admitted free to cathedrals, museums, and gardens,
uniformly conduct themselves with the greatest pro-
priety ; and that the effect upon them, mentally and
morally, is of the most gratifying description. They
acquire habits of personal neatness in dress, politer
forms of speech and deportment, a r' eeater love of order,
and a general desire to extend theboundarhs of what-
ever knowledge they may possess. Tie more imperfect
their oen acquirements appear, the more eager are they
to obtain a better education for their children. We
regard this reasoning as incontrovertible ; and only
regret that Ise are s' little in a condition
to beast of what Hull has done in the way of
throwing open public places for the ra!ional
recreation of the working classes. Some answer,
however, must be returned on behalf of the proprietors
of our Zoological and Botanical Gardens. Shall we say
that it is contemplated to throw them open gratuitously
fur even one day in the week ? Or shall we say, that to
all subscribing their names as working men, they are at
all times open upon the payment of one penny ? Before
returning any answer, we shall be glad to receive infor-
mation from the best informed quarters upon these and
other questions indicated by the whole tenor of this ar-
ticle, The subject is an important one, and we shall
early return to it.—Hull Advertiser.

FEARFULLY VIOLENT DEATH OF A MOTHER AND
Urerisreey BIATIL—A frightful accident, from the upsetting
of a vehicle, occurred on Friday evening last, by which one
poor woman lost her life—one had her wrist broken—one
had her hip dislocated—a poor girl bad her face so disfigured
as scarcely to appear human—and indeed the whole of the
occupants of the carriage, nine in number, were more or less
seriously maimed. The melancholy particulars transpired on
the inquest over the body of Annis Wilson, which was held
before Mr. Badger, at the house of Mr. Iloyland, of Wood-
lane, farmer, Stannington, on Monday evening last. De-
ceased was the wife c:f Mr. Win. Wilson, of Hall-car-place,
Sheffield, joiner, and the unfortunate couple had invited a few
friends to accompany them to the funeral of one of their
children. The time fixed on was Friday evening, at the
Unitarian Chapel, Stannington—the Rev. Peter Wright, a
Unitarian minister—who keeps a school at Sheffield, not
being able to perform the service earlier in the day, at so
great a distance from home. After the funeral, the atten-
dants called at a neighbouring inn, where they baited their
horse and partook of s.nne -slight refreshment, after which
they started for Sheffield, about eight o'clock. Their route -
lay through Hoyland Wood-lane, • a steep, rough,
and dangerous road, which, being little frequented,
was thickly studded thsoughout with large project-
ing stones. Dennis Wilson, a brother-in-law of the de-
ceased, was leading the horse, and nine persons, chiefly
women and children were in a light spring cart., in which the
corse of the dead child of the Wilsons had been carried to
its last resting place. They had scarcely got to the top of
this rugged lane when the horse, it is supposed, from having
been pinched by the collar, became restive, and tried to run
Mr. Dennis Wilson, who was leading him, resolutely kept
hold of the bridle as long as he could; but in the strug-
gle, the bit was pulled out of the horse's mouth, and the
bridle over his head. The bluffs, or blinders, being thus re-
moved from his eyes, the horse darted off at full speed, with
his living load behind him, down the steep and fe.irful decli-
vity. Mr. Wilson having lost hold of the bridle, seized the
bottom of the collar, and was dragged for some 30 or 40 yards
and then thrown into the road with great violence. When
the horse had proceeded about 100 yards, the carriage upset,
dashing its occupants on to the stony road. Mrs. Wilson
unfortunately fell under the carriage, and there remained till
the male portion of the party were able to remove it, when
she was taken up insensible, aid conveyed to the nearest
house, viz., that of. Mr. Hoyland, of Stannington-wood-lane.
There she remained insensible till Saturday evening, when
she died—and when the attendant females were laying out
the body, they discovered that the unhappy woman had
given birth to a six months' child, which also lay dead by
its mother's corpse. No blame being attached to any parties,
the jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death."—She, tfle/d
Iris, Sept. 18.
THE APIARY.—By many it is feared that the
present will prove an indifferent honey year, in conseque:ice
of the marked absence of heat early in the season, when our
floral treasures of every description should be most brimful
of saccharine matter. In Borgne, which has been justly
called the Hybla of Scotland, the white clovers
on sufferred.o
often from blasting rains that they withered "gI theirY
to the detrunent of the industrious insects who feedi
petals. In some cases that fell under our owns
the hive inmates perished, either from co ld,or observation,
nraenittii%o,on,
iiifilvieost
a combination of both.' In a case lately,
..
were smoked, the produce in bothi. scarcely exceeded a quarter
pint. A corlwpondent, in speo gof Borgne, says—smoking
will be general in a feave-d, days,"annd until the results of bee
I annot even guess at prices.
husbandry are thus tested,
Scanty as the produce was in
.1813-4, I fear it will be still
smaller in 1845. Some peisons maintain that the bees
gathered more honey from the 26th ult. to the Bth inst. than
they (lid during the preceding summer by name, but not so
in reality. When a labourer had three pints of honey to
dispose of for 305., as was often enough the case, he used to
my—,, I may thank the bees for buying many wee odd
things for the family." Within the last few years, I knew a
working man who made 31. by one season's honey, and at the
same time retained a stole for breeding for the ollowing.—
Scotch Paper.
THE PLYMOUTH FISHERY.—Great quantities of
fish have been caught during the.past week, by the trawlers
and hooking-boats, and: a large -quantity of pilchards has
been brought into the town from the ornish coast. On
Friday last so numerous, were the hakes, that cart-loads of
t'
1 t fish lay ou the quay for want of mawns to put them in.
We bear that arrangements have already been made, when
then'ai I way to this town is completed, to forward this valu-
able article of food to the manufacturing districts in the
course of sixteen or eighteen hours. Fish being so abundant
in this town, the hake is comparatively neglected, except by
the poorer classes. There is no doubt that the speculators
will meet with a good profit in the transport of the hake and
other fish into the districts of the north.—Plymouth Journal.