The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-09 00:00:00

PIE SUN, LONDON', MID AY MORNING, 81"11EMBER 9, 1842.

Nottingham on Wednesday last. An old map,
Tick-thatcher, named Roberts, was dqg out fritihtfully
mangled. Two children ono niti6ll Citished about
the arms and thetildds, and lastly their tnether, tt,ho
was otttinttS the Ad6Aelit producin4 prematlre
very, and the child found quite gend: A di* and
other animals were Also kill l

Mr. Grego/171 tit* giabman who has been officially
engaged 7; tit
inquiring into the origin of
thti prottmt insurrectionary movement, has been com-
missioned to visit Stockport to-morrow and Saturtia,y,

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, THURSDAY EVENING.
The same indisposition for business continued
until the end of the day. Consols left off at 924 93
for Money, and 93 934 for the Account, with rather
more firmness. Bank Stock, 249 251 ; Exchequer
Bills, Old, 61 63 ; New, 49 51 premium.
'De prices of Foreign Securities were Belgian,
1014 1024; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 62/
524; the Five per Cents., 1021 1024; Danish, 831 841 ;
and Brazilian, 66 67.
The quotation of Mexican continued at 354 for the
Account.
The Share Market showed more activity—Lon-
don and Birmingham were 183 185 ; Birmingham
and Gloucester, 42 43 ; Great Western, 83 84 ; the
North
Shares, 60 60/ ; South Western, 59 60 ; orth
Midland, 56 58 ; the New Shares, 274 28-i South
Eastern and Dover, 221 221 ; Eastern Counties,
84 9 ; Northern . and Eastern, 371 381 ; Blackwall,
74 7 . and Brighton, 334 334 per share.
Tfie quotations of the Bonds were—Peruvian,
15 16 ; Colombian, 204 21; Portuguese Five per
Cents., 35 354 ; the Three per Cents.; 21 214 ;
Spanish Five per Cents., 16 164; and the Three per
Cents., 21 214.
Some statistics relative to the fisheries carried on
by the citizens of the United States, received by the
last arrival; have, to a certain extent, caused an alarm
among our merchants. These accounts show that
the produce of oil from American fishing is increas-
ing, while that carried on by our vessels in the North
Seas is falling off. Each of these facts is correct, but
at the same time that this admission is made, the
larger import of Southern oil, and the circumstances
under which the Greenland trade has declined, must be
taken into consideration.
For a number of years the Dutch were the first
who fished on the shores of Greenland, where large
settlements were formed fbr the puipose of carrying
it on, and they had for a long time the monopoly of
the trade. By degrees the whales migrated north-
ward, and our more enterprising countrymen took up
what was to them a new branch of commerce, and
which had been abandoned by the original dis-
coverers of it as not being sufficiently profitable.
The same cause which led the Dutch to give
the trade up, has obliged us to abandon it
in a great degree, and the fish, from the in-
terruption they have received, have now proceeded
to such a distance as to render it impossible to follow
them ; therefore, while the produce of our Northern
fisheries has dwindled to a mere nothing, it has been
pushed so far that no competitor can be found to take
it up. These circumstances, and the progressive
colonization of the British possessions in the Southern
Ocean, have led to the prevention of it in those seas,
for which the deficiency has been supplied. The
Americans have been fishing there also. The manner
in which it is now obtained has caused a complete
revolution in the trade. It was the custom to fit
ships out at an enormous expense for a voyage of
certainly three years, which was frequently protracted
to four, and with the prospect of an uncertain return,
:nade consequent loss to all concerned in the adven-
ture, inasmuch as each man on board had as much in-
terest in the cargo, pecuniarily, as the owner of the
vessel. The increasing commerce of New South
Wales caused the first step in an improved arrange-
ment ; and the quantity of oil procured now is in
reality greater, although it would appear from figures
that our fisheries are greatly decreasing. The solu-
tion of this apparent contradiction is here :—The
British residents in Australia send out ships
at a small expense, and upon voyages of short
duration, and land their cargoes at Sydney, &c., from
whence it is brcught to this country, as an item of
general cargo, instead of fishery, although more ton-
nage is employed in carrying and taking it ; and by
this division of distance, much saving is effected to
the ship-owner, with an increased profit to him, and
a reduction to the consumer. For instance, the
quantity of oil shipped from Van tiiemen's Land in
1835 was 2,154 tuns ; in 1838 it had increased to
4,801 tuns ; in 1832, New South Wales employed
amounting
twenty-two tnßawginrnOdi t vessels,itisolnhB 311881286w75hi
thu fifty-threens. broughtwThhi which
h backvailiau
de1,609f5 tut hn
cargoesthe
inwgasimnp,2orzd. ; ilnBt3o7, Vl3alsl,2Dloile. -;
oilm e n of
and from the official accounts published it will be seen
that all these figures will have materially increased
since those periods. It will thus be seen that the
trade has merely been transferred from one name to
another, but has not been diminished in favour of any
other country. The quantity'of oil brought into the
United States, shows an increase in the last over
former years, but nothing in the proportion above
given, or in fact not equal to what might have been
expected from the rapid improvement which has
taken place in the commercial marine of that na-
tion ; and by the accounts which for some
time past have arrived from the Southern colonies, it
would appear that the number of American ships
decrease as the British make greater progress in
forming towns and sea-ports. The conclusion would
seem to be, that no great fear should exist that this
branch of commerce, so valuable to us, is in any
danger, if it be properly fostered; and as New Zea-
land and its immediate neighbourhood have now
become the principal fishing grounds, and any ag-
gressions in that quarter, which are increasing both
by. France and America, who are endeavouring to
gain a footing there, should be most jealously repelled.
(From The Sun of Last Night.)
The Money Market is extremely flat, and very few
bargains have been entered into this morning. Con-
sols are 921 93 for Money, and 934 934 for the
Account. Three-and-a-Half per Cents, 1011; New
Three-and-a-Half per Cents. 1014 1014; Bank
Stock, 166 for the opening. The abundance of
money causes Exchequer Bills to maintain their
price, the New being 49 51, and the Old, 51 53 prem.
Foreign Securities have been neglected, but prices
are firm : business to-day has been confined to Dutch
Five per Cents. at 1021.
The quotation for Mexican Bonds has given way
from 36 to 351.
In Shares, Great Western have been sold at 831,
the Half Shares 604; Bristol and Exeter, 451 454;
London and Birmingham, 183 ; Birmingham and
Gloucester, 43 ; York and North Midland, 904 ; and
Brighton, 331.
A bargain in the Spanish Five per Cents. at 161,
and another in the Three per Cents. at 214, comprise
the whole of the dealings in the Bonds.
A better feeling has been exhibited in the produce
market within the last few days, and more disposition
has been shown to purchase goods. This is parti-
cularly to be noticed in regard to such articles as form
part of general consumption, or are employed in ma-
nufactures.

The amount of the probably small quantity of
indigo which will be made this year has induced
holders to ask higher prices, but previously to the
arrival of the last mail 2d. to 3d. per lb. advance on
quotations of the July sale had been freely
paid. This, and a corresponding sale in co-
chineal, gums, &c., would lead to a belief that both
capitalists and manufacturers entertain expectations
of an improved demand for goods for shipping, which
is somewhat confirmed by the intelligence from most
foreign ports, in which commerce had been so much
depressed.

MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 7.—There
is a better appearance for business, but not much
doing :—Lancaster and Preston, 294 ; Manchester
and Leeds Halves, 31 ex div. ; Manchester and Bir-
mingham, 23k 24; Manchester and Salford Banks,
10i 1 ; Union Banks, Bk.

CtJt?RT clactiLAlti

'fhP residence of his Majesty the king of Hanover
iii St. James's. Palace was thronged during yesterday,
and la' .0 on Wednesday evening,. with inquiries on the
df and gentry,-respecting his Majesty.
her Royal Highness the Duchess df Gloucester gent
from Bagshot Park at an early hour yesterday morn-
ing; his Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex sent
from Kensington Palape ; and inquiry was also made
nu tht part of her Majesty the Queen Dowager at
11061ty lid letter's had, howtVer, arrived in
+own since the arrival of a courier on Monday from
OP:many, with dispatches for his Excellp icy Count
Kielmansegge, the Hanoverian Minister, dated on
Thursday last, the Ist instant. At that period his
Majesty was expected to attend the commencement
of the reviews at Dusseldorf on Monday, the sth inst.
Letters were received yesterday at the Foreign-
office from Brussels, dated Tuesday, the 6th inst.,
which made no mention of the rumour relative to his
Hanoverian Majesty.
The Bishop of Barbadoes had an interview with
Lord Stanley
yesterday at the Colonial-office.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer arrived at his
residence in Downing-street yesterday morning,
from Rydu, Isle of Wight. The Right Hon. Gen-
tleman visited Sir James Graham in the afternoon, at
the Home-office.

Sir Henry IPLeod had an interview yesterday
with Lord Stanley at the Colonial-office.

LITELIAriURE.

NEWFOUNDLAND IN 1842. In 2" Vols. By Sir
Bietard Henry Bonnycastle. London, Henry CuBurn.
• We are not acquainted with any work which we
could so honestly recommend for the guidance of
settlers in Newfoundland as the volumes now before
us, from the fertile pen of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir It.
Bottnycastle. As a sequel to his " Canadas in
1841," it supplies a body of information exceedingly
valuable —the accumulation of extensive research, and
laborious personal investigation. First, •we have a
very interezting historical sketch of the early settlement
of the island; next, its history down to the current
year—an account of its mineral, vegetable and animal
productions—its climate and meteorology--its agricul-
tural resources—its moral and physical relations, go-
vernment, and policy—its fisheries, trade, shipping, and
revenue, lightened off with an abundance of anec-
dotes of the manners, customs, and "pe&iliarities of
ears testimony that
politics,its hab istai
rn
Bonougnnyccoansstteanbtly squabbling about
" the people are very orderly, and respectful to their
superiors ; temperance has enrolled under its banners
the greater proportion, and housebreaking and serious
crimes are actually unknown ; and that it is univer-
sally admitted that there is no country in the civilized
world, where greater simplicity of manners, or less
crime exists, than in Newfoundland." The future
historian of this fine colony will turn to this work
with pleasure and profit. It is embellished with Lome
good views, an excellent map of the island, and a
portrait of the GoVernor, Sir John Harvey.

POLICE ABUSES,

TO THE` EJiITOII OF THE SUN.
" Lords of the street, and terrors of the viay."—
DR. &lift; Midi

: I SlR,—Amng the many noxious weeds which have
didt up from the soil of a corrupt system, few, if any,
are more rampant than those disgraceful abuses which
have, for some time past, dishoticatred the character
and operations of our "Police Force." Whiles how'
ever, I would express my sentiments (and that freely)
With reference to this important subject, I must ac-
knowledge that I dci riot rank myself with those who
oppose the institution in tote. The police force, as a
protective body, might be productive of benefit the
most essential to the community. A number of
trained officers constantly on duty, to guard the pro-
perty of a wealthy city, and overtake the outrages of
public delinquents, are, indeed, almost necessary to
the well-being of society. The many deep stains
which are continually blotting the calendar demand
some preventative regulation ; and when we take into
consideration the daring and blood-thirsty violence of
the majority of offenders, or the eluding manoeuvres
practised in evading justice, we must necessarily
conic to the conclusion, that a vigilant body of police,
constantly on duty, is a desideratum in civil economy,
too important to be slightly regarded; but while
(free from abuse) the institution of a constabulary
force, like that of the police, would be an essential
blessing to society at large, it is capable of becoming
an abominable nuisance, little or nothing short of a
national curse. This latter conclusion has, I think,
teen fully established by the scandalous outrages
which have so long been perpetrated by the vulgar
members of this detestable body. From the moment
of their entering on duty the police officers have been
on the retrograde in point of public decorum ; and
nosy they have arrived to such a pitch as to be alto-
gether intolerable. Not only do they assume the
haughty consequence of high legal authorities, but in
numberless instances inflict summary chastisement on
their victims. In addition to this crying evil there is
another, which, though of a more latent description,
is equally blasting to the safety of the community. I
allude to the testimony given by many of the station-
house pests at Police-courts, &c. In hundreds of in-
stances the depositions of police constables are made
the groundwork for the establishment of a Magis-
terial decision ; and yet it has been positively proved
that to clear their own character, they will combine in
a concocted band to colour, misrepresent, and falsify the
truth. The police have always been led to entertain too
h:gh notions of their authority ; they have had far too
much license afforded them; the Magistrates (generally)
have not paid sufficient regard to complaints against
the body; their secret manoeuvres have not been suffi-
ciently watched; these are the causes of those sad
abuses which society has now to lament. A worthy
Magistrate once said to a gentleman making a com-
plaint against the police, that he would not have the
" force" interfered with in the execution of their duty,
and that he would not hear any thing which might
call in question their authority. Look now at the
tendency of such language on the part of a Magis-
trate; the police, of course, began to look upon them-
selves as personages in whom high legal powers had
been vested, and no sooner did opportunity offer, than
they thought proper to carry it out. Policemen are
the last individuals in the world to have authority.
For the most part, they are men taken from the lower
classes, and any elevation to power carries them be-
yond themselves ; and leads to all those insults and
outrages which are now occupying so great a portion
of the public press. Sir, I trust that the matter will
be brought under strict investigation, and be made
the subject of a radical and permanent reform.
JOHN TEMPLE CHIPCHASE