The Sun.
London, England, 1842-01-01 00:00:00

have the authority of Mr. CHRISTOPHER for say-
ing that one point• has already been gained.
The Corn-laws must undergo Parliamentary
revision. The Tories yield, monopoly lowers
her black death flag, and if Liberalism could
triumph over Lord MELBOURNE and the Tories,
when they were acting on the same principle
and could force on such a concession, why should
we not hope for its continued progress, now that
it has detached the Whigs from Conservatives,
and brought to a .Parliamentary and public
issue, the great question which for four succes-
sive years the Conservatives have refused so
to try ? If, as we affirm, the change of Ministry
denoted a necessary accession to the Liberal cause
in the past year, we see in its further progress
to the beginning of the present year, no reason
to dread its continual and great advancement.
Of the final and even speedy success of the great
principle of free trade, around which contending
parties are drawn up in battle array, we have firm,
and we trust well-founded hopes. Within a few
days Europe has resounded with praise of the Five
Great Powers for concluding a treaty to suppress
the slave trade. That treaty may not put an end
to the nefarious traffic, but it is invaluable as
the general testimony of mankind against vio-
lence and wrong. The treaty is the homage of
the constituted authorities of Europe, to the de-
clared opinii of the most enlightened of their
subjects, whicii, however strange it may at first
seem, like the discoveries in science of a NEWTON
or a DAVY, is destined, like them, if tbunded on
truth, to become the common creed of all man-
kind. That treaty, indicating the progress of the
constituted authorities of Europe in rectitude in
the past year, warrants the hope that the princi-
ples of robbery and violence, which they stigma-
tize by the treaty, will be speedily excluded from
their Legislation.
To subsist rather by violent plunder than by
peaceful art is characteristic of savage life, and
thatprinciple, though banished from our manners,
is still, like many other ancient errors and crimes,
embalmed in our laws. The age is most, honour-
ably distinguished by directing the bulk of its
energies to the peaceful acquisition of wealth.
Never before "were the talents and desires of
mankind so wisely and incessantly employed in
producing useful objects, and in improving those
arts which contribute to the physical and moral
well-being of the species, as now. That general
ease and general comfort have not resulted from
these untiring and skilful exertions, has not con-
vinced the people that in them there is some
principle of illusion and mockery. They will
not believe that the light which comes from
heaven leads astray, and they accuse the errors
and crimes which are embalmed to the law as
the causes why these vast and well-directed
energies have not produced their appropriate
effects. Until we become aware of the present
peaceful and industrious tendency of mankind,
we cannot be sensible of half the mischief which
has been inflicted on this generation by the Le-
gislature's pertinacious adherence to ancient and
unfounded prejudices on the subject of commer-
cial intercourse between different nations. The
defeat of the Whigs on a branch of this great
subject, has brought, in the past year, the natural
principles of trade and the political quackery
of those who attempt to regulate it, face to face,
and the next year will moat assuredly see an ap-
proximation to the complete victory which the
former is destined to achieve.

When we consider the vast energies of our in-
dustrious and peace-loving people all directed
to the honest supply of their own wants; and
when we know that a great abundance of good
pork and beef can be brought from North and
South America, and laid down in Manchester
for 2d. per pound, we certainly feel bitter re-
gret and indignation at the immense sufferings
which base legislation, and nothing but base
legislation, has inflicted on them in the course of
the past and preceding years. But now that
principles are brought face to face, and there is
a certainty of the ultimate triumph of the truth,
which, like the heavens, is permanent, though it
may be occasionally obscured by the mists and
clouds of error, those vast and peaceful energies
inspire us with the brightest hopes for the corn-
ing time. Who can tell at what low price, and
in what rich abundance, food and clothing may
be supplied to an ever-increasing population, by
all the civilized people of the earth directing
their exertions to the attainment of that bene•
ficent end ?

Nor will the lesson which the unmerited
suffering inflicted during the last year on
our industrious people by those whom they
maintain in idleness and opulence has taught
them, be thrown away. Undoubtedly the
coming year will see them earnest and re-
solved to throw off the trammels of an ab-
surd and cruel commercial legislation which has
perverted the admirable mechanical inventions of
civilised man into curses. When that legislation
which forms the only obstacle to boundless pros-
perity shall be swept away, the future, if not the
next year, will see a greater diminution of poverty
and crime than statesmen have ever hoped to
accomplish by a severe poor-law and a cruel
criminal code.

Having said so much of the past and the fu-
ture as to the State, we would say something of the
Church, but our limits compel us briefly to ob-
serve, that the great event of the past year is the
schism amongst its own members. Gradually
falling, as the endowed clergy have been, in the
estimation of the public for years past, the dis-
putes amongst themselves must accelerate their
downfal,, and procure an ascendancy for the
Voluntary principle. In this schism both parties
appeal to the people. One claims to have made a
discovery by studying the Fathers, the other in-
sists that its. predecessors in the reign of ELIZA-
BETH and J AmEs, knew all that it was necessary
to know, and it will not go beyond the Protest-
ant Articles. The dispute is kindling in the land
a spirit of inquiry into the rival claims of both
parties, which cannot fail to be productive of a
rich harvest of knowledge that must stifle the
dominion of the priesthood.
If the close of the year 1841 sees the Govern-
ment in the hands of monopolists, it sees them
receding from their principles, and overwhelmed
by the enormous responsibility they have
'assumed. hit sees the Church still in existence,
it sees it rent in twain, and ill able to resist the
storm which is gathering against it. If it sees
the people disunited and oppressed, it also sees
them awake and roused to the fact, that the ex-
clusive cause of their misery is one-sided, unjust,
iniquitous legislation. They are now thoroughly
aware of this important truth, which is the certain
precursor of their union and of their success in
putting down that system which they justly
affirm has been a dire curse to them.

We publish in our columns of this day the
first part of a long, and by no means lively, cor-
respondence between the Governments of Eng-
land and the United States, on the subject of the
Right of Search of vessels on the coast of
Africa suspected of being engaged in the
Slave Trade. As this correspondence is en-
gaging a great deal of serious attention in
the United States, and as it will
form a subject of discussion in Congress,
we deem it of sufficient importance to be sub-
mitted at length to the consideration of our
readers. The sum and susbstance of the whole
correspondence may, however, be summed up
in a few words. The United States Govern-
ment refuses to allow vessels bearing the Amen.
can flag to be searched, although suspected of
being slavers, and the British Government,
after a great deal of ineffectual struggling, is
forced to abandon all attempts to detain vessels
bearing the American flag. The consequence is
obvious. Under shelter of the American flag the
Slave Trade will again flourish to an extent un-
precedented in the recent history of that de.
testable traffic. The Treaty of the Five Powers
is, therefore, not worth the parchment upon
which it is written. While any flag can cover
and protect a traffic in slaves, nothing but the
progress of African civilization can ever put it
down.

We find no news of importance in the Paris
Journals of Thursday. The fiAlowing extracts

from them include all the news they contain of
any European interest:—
The Moniteur of the 30th pu'ulishes in its official part
a Royal Ordnance announcing variouslegal appointments.
The following is the test of the proposal of M. Ducos:
—" All citizens inserted in the departmental list of the
jury are electors."
• " All citizens are likewise electors who may not have
been entered on this list, on account of the incompatibi-
lity resulting from Article 383 of the code of instruction
criniinelle."

The Journal of Upper Germany has a letter from
Vienna, which says that the Duke of Bordeaux's leg,
which has been set, is still a little shorter than the other.

The Journal des Havre says—" We have been asto-
nished at not receiving for some time past any informa-
tion respecting the internal affairs of the Augustine Re-
public. Captain Bordieu, of the Jeune Raymond, which
has just arrived from Monte Video, accounts for this
silence,

"We find in his report the following passage:—' As for
the political affairs of Buenos Ayres, it is very difficult
for me to give any particulars of them, because the Pre-
sident does not permit the slightest matter to be pub-
lished. As for the Unitarian, it is still in the same state
of uneasiness.' "

The Moniteur Algerien, of the 14th, says—" It is an-
nounced that a caravan of 400 mules, richly laden, has
arrived at Constantine from Tunis, Without baying been
molested ; complete security prevails in that province."
—Constitutionnet

A letter from Gex contains the following passage :
" Such a quantity of snow fell at Gex on Monday and
Tuesday, this week, that it was necessary to take pre-
caution to support the roofs cf the houses, two of which,
however, sunk in. The snow was so heavy on the trees,
that the branches brake ; and some of the trees them-
selves were broken, by the weight of this most extraor-
dinary fall of snow. We are informed that the damage
is much greater than that done by the hurricane last
summer."—Comnteree.

The Siecle of yesterday had the following article :
" M. Odilon Barrot has entered into a formal engage-
ment with his friends, to present, or support, after the
first debates in the Chamber are over, a proposition for
restoring to the press those guarantees which have been
doubly compromised by certain provisions of the laws of
September and the late unexpected application of the law
of the 17th May, 1819." On this the Moniteur Pa ;lien
observes—" The Siecle does not tell all it knows. It
might have added that a Committee of Deputies, chosen
from the most divergent fractions of the Opposition, has
undertaken the examination of the reforms to be intro-
duced either into the September laws or into that of
1819. This Committee is composed of M. Berryer, from
the Extreme Droite, Messrs. Mauguin and Dupont de
l'Eure from the Extreme Gauche. M. Odilon Barrot from
the Gauche Dynastique, and M. Billot from that fraction
of the Centre Gauche which sustained the Cabinet of the
Ist March.

The Archbishop of Tours, M. de Monthlane, died in
that city a few days ago.
Two persons just arrested by order of the Court of
Peers, were interrogated yesterday by Baron Pasquier.
The Debats mentions the arrest of two persons yester-
day morning, and adds, that the examining commission
of the Court of Peers met yesterday at the Petit Luxem-
bourg. "On Tuesday evening," says the Droit, "a
German shoemaker, named Bauer, living in the Rue du
Jour, Place St. Eustache, and several other men, were
arrested under a warrant of the Ohm-Mellor. In Bauer's
lodging there were found 300 political pamphlets, both
in French and German, and a voluminous correspon-
dence, which have exposed numerous branches connected
with the Secret Societies in France, of the Communists
and others in Hesse, Baden, the Rhenish Provinces, and
other parts of Germany. These new captures are all
lodged in the Conciergerie."—We mentioned the arrest
of the wife of Boucheron, a few days ago ; it was for
robbery, it appears, not for a political offence.
A letter from Erzerotun states that, when the British
Legation was travelling towards Teheran, Messrs. Todd
and Ablote, two of the Attaches, were attacked by the
Kurds near Bajazid, and plundered. Mr. Todd was
wounded in the hand. Billul Pacha, Governor of Baja-
zid, was said to be the secret chief of the predatory
band by which this attack was made. The Russian
Consul'at Teheran, attended by 100 Russians in grand
costume, went out to meet Sir J. M'Neill. Just as the
rencontre was about to take place, the Consul's horse
became frightened, and run away with him, nor could
the animal be stopped till after he had gone some dis-
tance. The Consul then returned to the cavalcade, but
all covered with mud, to the no small amusement of the
Persian dandies.

A letter from Constantinople of the 2d inst., in the
Presse, says, " Accounts have been received here, via
Trebisonde, of a brilliant victory obtained by the Circas-
sians over the Russians. An expedition of about 30,000
men had landed on the coast, for the purpose of destroy-
ing the corn which had been got in by the Circassians,
when a violent storm came on, drove the Russian vessels
froni their anchorage, and dispersed them. The Circas-
sians, profiting by this circumstance, attacked the Rus-
sians, and compelled them to retreat, without provisions,
into the mountains and defiles, where all but 2,000 of
them were killed or made prisoners." This account of
the Russian loss is probably an exaggeration.
_ _ _

The erection of a second tower' to the Cathedral at
Betz is going on with rapidity, and when finished will
render this building one of the finest in France. The
old fresco paintings on the inner walls, which have been
covered with lime and plaster, are being restored. The
churches of Notre Datne and Saint Martin, at Metz, are
about to be embellished with stained-glass windows.
The Chateau de Canna, one of the finest mansions in
the department of the Landes, was entirely destroyed by
fire a few days ago.
" It was observed," says the Siec/e, " that among the
288 members present at yesterday's sitting of the Cham-
ber of Deputies, there were 95 Ministerial functionaries,
and 13 functionaries belonging to the Opposition."

The Council General of the Bank of Yrance has voted
the renewal of the grant of 1,200 f. made every year
previous to 1837, to the Infant Schools of Paris, and
the money has been paid into the Treasury of the Com-
mittee of Management, to be applied to the relief of the
indigent children received into these institutions.
The Gazette de France states that it has received a
citation to appear before the Court of Assize, on the 11th
January. The Gazette adds, that the charge against it
is the same as that against the National, which is take
its trial on the same day.
A series of military marches is in course of publication
at Berlin. The 11th number, which has just appeared,
is interesting from its containing a march composed by
Frederick the Great, one by the late King Frederica
William 111., and others by the Princesses Albert and
William of Prussia, Prince Frederick of Prussia, and the
Princess Royal of Sweden and Hanover. They are all
arranged for a full band.
" At the moment," says the Moniteur Parisien, " when
General Bugeaud was preparing to come over to France,
he received from one of the points of the territory sub.
ject to our government some important intelligence,
which may render his presence necessary at this point.
He has therefore renounced, for the moment, profiting
of his conge." _ _ _

An Alexandria letter of the 9th instant states that
six sail of the line have been laid up in ordinary by
order of Mehemet Ali.

BOURSE-PARIS, THURSDAY, DEC. 30.

,- - -
Y frit Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Prick Price.
erench 5 per Cents ll6 35 ... 116 60 ... 116 55 ... 116 60
3 per Cents. ex dlv. 78 1.0 .. 78 25 ... :8 15 ... 78 20
rank or France
Latfitte Bank:s,ooof. Shares 5025 ...5025 ...5025 ~.5025
...onto Bank
Belgian 5 per Cents.
5 per Cents., 1840 lO3 ... 103 ... 102% _. 102%
;parish Active 24% ... 25 ... 24% ... 24%
Passive 556 ... 5% ... 55„ ... 5%
Portngueses per Cents.
Neapolitan
Roman....
RAILWAY RUA REb.
St. Germain BO5 ... 805 ... 805 ... BJS
Versailles. L.ls 2OB 75 ... 210 ... 208 75 .. 210

•K. B 337 50 ... 340, ... 337 50 .7. 340
'town) 457 50 ... 457 50 ... 457 50 ... 457 50
inean. .. _ 507 50 ... 512 50 ... 507 50 ... 512 50

itrasbur g to Bale. 230

.. '232 50 ... 230 ... 232 50

SUDDEN DEATH OF THE EARL OF FALMOUTH.
Our Falfhouth Correspondent writes us as fol-
lows :—" We are informed that the Right Hon.
Lord Fal mouth died suddenly at Tregothnan,
Cornwall, on Wednesday morning, when in the
act of dressing himself. The Noble Earl had
his title conferred. in 1821 ; he will be succeeded
by his only issue, Lord Boscawen Rose, one of the
Members of the western division of Cornwall,
a vacancy in the representation of which is thus
created. The late Earl was in his 55th year,
having been born in May 1787. He married
Anne Frances, daughter of the late henry
Bankes, Esq. The present Earl,
.his successor,
is in his 31st year. The late Peer was Recorder
of Christchurch and Truro; but he does not ap-
pear to have held any other public appointments.
The doings of the. Marylebone Vestry and dis-
cussions on the wood pavement of Oxford-street, are
becoming public nuisances. We stave more useless talk
about them than about the Repeal of the Union, or the
Northern Boundary Line, and if we may judge from
appearances, there is as much chance of one of these
important points being settled as another. If, however,
the inhabitants of Oxford-street will act with vigour, we
have no doubt the the Vestry must yield ; and the meet-
ing held on Thursday night, leads us to believe that
this will be the result of the contest. The public are
utterly sick of these endless experiments which have
been carried on for years in that great thoroughfare.
They know that jobbing is the cause of all the delay,
and that it can be put down only by a hearty and una-
nimous declaration on the part of the inhabitants. It is
evident that something must. be done to remove the
evil, or Oxford-street will soon become as unfashionable
as it was in bygone times, when it was the highroad to
the Tyburn gibbet. If the Vestry wish to be convinced,
let them turn their attention to the various kinds of
pavement introduced within the last few years, and par-
ticularly to the different systems of wood pa vempts
broughti
out by several Companies, illustrated n a little
1
pamphlet, written by Mr. Lee Stevens, and published
by Richard Spencer, High Holborn. The object of the
writer is to prove from experience, as well as theory,
that an economical, safe, and durable surface
of wood for streets may be adopted as a useful
substitute for stone under most circumstances, and
he certainly makes out a good case. He examines
at length the different systems hitherto in Use, gives
calculations of the expense and durability, as well as in-
contestable proofs of the conveniences, of wood yave-
ments compared with granite or any other stone. The
subject is treated with great skill, and the treatise alto-
gether evinces more practical knotvle dga on this modern
discovery than has yet been exhibited. We refer the
Marylebone Vestry to the details and calculations, and
give only one extract as regards economy—an important
consideration on a line of street a mile long, and subject
to as much traffic as any in London. Mr. Stevens, to-
wards the conclusion of the treatise, says :—" Compared