The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-20 00:00:00

DECEMBER 20, 1845

Do. Extens. to Sligo... 2%... .t ..... .
Newcastle and Darling-
ton Junction 25 ..-.. 53 52 531,4
Do. New Brandling... 20
Newcastle and Berwick 5
Newcastle andCarlisle...loo ......
Newport& Abergaveany 21,4......
New Ross and Carlow... 22s
Newry and Enniskillen 2% — .....
.. . ..
Newark, Sheffield, mad ...
Boston ...
Norfolk Extension ._—
North British
Do. Half Shares ..... 31A — ........ •• •••
Do. Exten. to Carlisle 14 214 2
Do. Ext. to Dalkeith 25
Ditto ditto ..... ...... 5 ......
•••
North Devon.

1 ...... _

mouth,& Southamptn 425. —
Oxford, Worcester, and
Wolverhampton -
Oxford, Witney, and
Cheltenham....
Perth and Inverness ... 2%
Pilbrow Atmospheric ... .. •, —
Portsmouth Direct ...... 33/4 —
Preston and Wyre 5O
Do. lA, Shares
Reading, Guildford, and
Reigate
Richmond 5 — -
•••
chester ......... .. ...... 2%......
Rugby and lluntingdon 2
Rugby, Leamington,itad
Warwick
Rugby, Warwick. and
Worcester....
f"'cottish Central
Scottish Midland 5 —
Sheffield & Manchester 100
Do. Quarter Shares-- 8
Shrewsbury and Birm... 214
•••
Shropshire Mineral 425..- .. • •••
Shropshire Union
shrewsbury & Hereford 2%
Shrews., Wolverhamp ,
&S. Staffordsh. June. 2%
Sligo and Shannon lr.,
Somersetshire Midland 2%
- • ••• .....
_ _

281,4
16
39%
4011

South Devon
South Midland 42s.
South & Midlands June. 425......
South Staffordshire June. 2% —
South Eastern & Dover 33/ 2s 4d 35% ......... ... ..
Do., No. 1 l2
D 0.,. Na. 2.
Do., No. 3
Southampton, Manches-
2%
ter, &"Oxford Junction 42s
St. Alban's, Hatfield, and
Hertford Junction ...
Staines and Richmond... 1
Staffordsh. & Shropshire 23/4 —
r,cuth Wales— ..... ... 2% 3% 3
Taw Vale Extension ...
Tean and Dove Valley 1%
Trent. Valley 2 ...... 16112
Trent Valley and Holy-
head Junction
Tring, Reading, and
Basingstoke
Ulverstone and Furness 2%......
Vale of Neath ... ........ 2
Warwick & Cheltenham 1%
. Warwick and Worcester 425. —
Waterford and Kilkenny 3 —
Waterford and Limerick 7%
Waterfd,Wxfrd,Wicklw, •••
and Dublin - 14 .... .
Valentia
Waveney Valley ..... .... 2 -
Welch Midland
West Cornwall
West Yorkshire - 234
West Lnndon,Old Shares 20
West End and Southern
...

521/i

Counties ____
.. liA
Wexford and Carlow ... 2%
Wisbeach and St. Ives... 2
Wilts, Somerset, and
Southampton
Wilts, Somerset, & Wey-
mouth
Worcester,liereford,Ros '
and Gloucester 42s. ". .....
Worcester, Tinbury, and
Ludlow
and Crewe Union .. .. 1%... ..
Worcester and S. Wales 425.
Worcester,Warwick,and
Rugby . 425....... ... .. .. .......
Yarmouth and Norwich. 20 —
Ditto, New
York and Carlisle
2234
_.— —..
York and Lancaster
York amyl North Midland 50
Ditto 14 Shares .. 25
Ditto Scarboro' Branch. 25
Do. Selby
Do. ExteT-

20
6p

_msion 5 —
FOREIGN RAILWAY:".
Angla-Belgian 4
Barbadoes 1
Boulogne nod A miens._ 8
Bordeaux & Mediterran. 2
Bordeaux. Toulouse, and
Cot( (Afackenzie's)... 2 .. ...
Do: (Espelete's).

Calais, ..)tuikrk, and West
Flanders OOO •••••• -
Callao, Lima, and Pacific
Coast 1 .. ... ... .. .........
Central of Spain ...
Ceylon - .... ss.
, Demerara
78 Dendre Valley ............2
...... ...
Dijon and Mulhouse ... 2 ... ..
Dutch Rhenish 5
East Indian ... ..... .... ss.
Eastern Belgian Junctn. 214
Fampoux & Hazebrouk 2
Great North. of France
Constituted 5 123414 76% 13...
Great Paris and Lyons 2
Great Western Bengal... ss.
Great Western Canada-. 3!4 .. -
Jamaica S.Mid. Junction 1
Jamaica North Midland 1
Do. Extension 1
Jersey
Louvain and J4nn eppe... 4 ... . ... ......
Lyons and Avignon 2
Luxembourg... 4
Madrid and Valentia.... 2 ... ..
Mauritius
Namur and Liege
North Jamaica... ...... ... 1
Orleans and Vicrzon
... 10 ...... 16
Orleans and Bordeaux... 6 ...... 10 9%
Over Yssel 413 s 4d —
Paria &Lyont.( Laffitte's) 2
Paris and Lyons (Gan-
neron's)
Paris &L yons, (Calon's) 2
Paris &Lyons (Sud Est) 2
Paris and Orleans
Paris and Strasbourg
(Ganneron's)
Do. (Compe de L'Est) 2
Do (Avmard's)
Paris and St. Quentin
Rouen and Havre
oral North of Spain ... 2
Sambre and Meuse ...... 6 ...... .4%.
Strasbourg and Bale ... 14
St. Laurence & Atlantic
Tournay, Jurbise, Lan-
den, and 11a55e1t....... 4
Tours and Nantes (Mac-
kenzie's) --...... ..... 4
Do. de. (Lefebvre's N 2
Ditto (O'Neill's) 2
•••
Trinidad
Verona and Ancona._ 3
West Flanders ...... ... 4 ...
...
MINES.

'A P

B!'2

20%

Real del Monte Unregd.
COURSE O F EXCHA.
Amsterdam CF. 12 0
Ditto, at sight., l2 4
Rotterdam 2U.12 91
Antwerp 26 10
Hamburgh IM.B. 13 14;
Alton — ....
Paris, 3 days' sight... 25 75
Ditto, 3 months....., 26 5
Marseilles .............. 26 5
Bourdeattit .... . ....... 26 6
Frankfort on Mains.. 123
Petersburgh, 3 Us..
Berlin ..... . .........
Vienna, effee. fd0........ 10 8
Trieste, ditto ......... 10 8
Madrid. .... __
Cadiz
Bilbao

............ 33%
GE.—(YESTERDAI.)
Gibraltar.— ....
Leghorn . ......... 30 75
Genoa ..... • ...... 26 5
Milan . • .....
Venice
Naples .
Palermo. per oz 119$
Lisbon s2*
Oporto
Rio Janeiro ..23*
Bahia
Buenos Ay, es
NewYork,2ldyssight
Philadelphia
PRICES OF BULLION, TER OZ.
Foreign Geld, bars..E3 17 9
Portugal Gold Coin 3 17 5
Now Doubloons-- 0 0 0
New Dollars 0 4 91
Silver in Bars.... 0 4 11i

72%

15%

314

, ......... 35f

Barcelona
Seville ....

PROMISSORY NOTES.

(From last Night's Gazette.)
An account of the Average Aggregate Amount of Promis-
sory Notes payable to bearer on demand, which have been
in circulation by the Banks in Scotland, by the Bank of Ire-
land, and by all other Banks in Ireland, during the four
weeks ending the 6th day of December, 1845, pursuant to
the Act of 4th and sth Victoria, cap. 50 :
SCOTLAND.
Chartered, Private, and Joint Stock Banks £3,804,031

IRELAND.

Bank of Ireland 4,404,975
8,311,855
Private and Joint-4tock Banks

Z 11,520,861
Total ......... ••••

MS MAN ATTIIN .IiNIAL-it is a remarkable
fact that the Fairy steam-bait, which took the late Ministers
to and from the Isle of Nigh t, was also employed to convey
Lord John Russell to Osborn, 1-house for the purpose of seeing
her Majesty. The weather being rather boisterous, the
captain advised Lord John R men to lia down, as Sir Robert
Peel had done. " Ay,' aye" ' @iclaimeid little John, " Sir
;suit Robert's berth will justt Gel 09 I'll at once turn into it,"
".431/44Ch.

53%

...l• •• 2 .. ... .. ....
... ....
North of Norfolk .. 2% —
...
Northern and Eastern... 45
—.... ........
Do. Scrip
35
Do. Quarter Shares... 12%
N. Kent & Direct Dover 2% 2%% .. . —.. 2%
North Staffordshire 425...».. 2%34 % p 2% p
North Wales -
North and South Wales
and Worcester
Northern and Southern
Connecting
Norwich and Brandon... 16
Ditto New 3 —
Northampton, Banbury,
and Cheltenham
Nottingham and Boston 1%
Nottingm., Erewsh. Val-
ley, and Manchester.. 1% — ...
Nottingham and Mans-
field • — —
Oxford, Gosport, Ports-

l'7
214

11A

1,4 di s.

21,4 p

35%

DUTCH MAIL.

DUTCH FINANCE.
The Second Chamber of the States-General has re-
ceived from the Minister of Finance a communication
relative to the payments of the instalment, of the loan,
and of the voluntary contributions. This communica-
tion is of the following tenor:—
Conformably to the 'preceding communication made
to the States-General, the total of the capital of the vo-
luntary loan and of the free gift, decreed by virtue of
the law of March 6, 1845, amounts to— Florins.
For the loan
110,856,861,00
F.•r the free gift, the sum of 1,843,221
florins, which, by Art. 19 of the same
law, represents a capital in the
10411 Of

The total amount of the subscription of
the late King William Frederick, the
payments of which have been made
in five instalments

6,144,069,98

117,000,930,98

10,000,000,00

A. letter from Zwolle, of the 14th, says—" We are in-
formed for certain that his Majesty the King was pleased,
on the 9th of December, 1845, to grant to Messrs.
Balk,ma and Company licence to construct an iron
railway in the following,' direction :—From Zwolle
(where the line joins the frontieis of Over) ful), by
Hasse's, Zuartluis, Meppel, Besten,Apen, to Groningen,
from which place there will be a branch to Delizyl, and
another to the new fort. The concussion inclu.tes the
canalisation of the province of Dunthe, for which the
necessary plans are nearly completed, and it is probable
that the commencement of the works will not long be
delayed." It is evident how important this railway
will be to Overyiul, and especially to Zwolle.

THE RIVER PLATE.
FALMOUTH, DEC. 18.—The Dinish brig .Melitta,
Captain Moiler, arrived here this morning, from Buenos
Ayres, having quitted on the 12th of October, at which
period Rosas remained in power, thereby affording a
contradiction to the intelligence via Alicante (lately
published by the Spanish papers). The following is an
extract from a private letter, dated the 11th of Oet.:—
" You will, no doubt, be aware we are now blockaded by
the English and French naval forces. Vessels are allowed
until the evening of the 23d to leave the port. The most
important thing which has occurred latterly in this quarter is
the publication by the British and French Ministers now at
Monte Video, with their signatures, of a manifesto against
the Government of this place, in which the system here car
tied on is in some measure explained to the world. We regret
exceedingly we have not the means of procuring a copy of
thil document, very few having been sent up here. You
will no doubt see it in the newspapers. All former accusa-
tions against this Government being unauthenticated by im-
partial parties, or by parties of sufficient standing in society
to give weight to what they say, may have been locked on
with indifference, or as " newspaper stories ;" but this ma-
nifesto, signed by two Ministers Plenipotentiary, we think
will surprise the European public. A great nun), foreigners
who can leave this place are doing sa, and it may be by and
by that we shall be glad to do so, for there seems no chance
of the termination of the question at issue, exc: pt by the
overthrow of the Government of this place by force, either
native or foreign; the former is hardly to be looked for
without the assistance of the latter.
Exchange on London, 314 d. to 3%d.; doubloons, $265
each.
The August mail has not yet reached us.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
HUNTING APPOINTMENTS.
Her Majesty's stag hds., Mon., New Lodge; Fri.,
Littlkton-11.
Pytchley hds.'Leger;
Mon., Ashby St. Wed., Cot-
tesbrooke; Fri.,
Thurnby; Sat. Boughton House, near
Kettering-10t.
Sir R. Sutton's hds., Mon., the Bull, Witham Com-
mon; Tues., Ayston; Wed., Greetham Inn; Fri., &ley-
on- the. Hid ; Sat., Cottesmore —1 1.
Durham county hds., Wed., Rainton; Fri., Plaws-
worth Bar.
Earl Fitzwilliam's hds, Mon., Castor Hanglands ;
Wed., VVeyb, idge• wood ; Fri., Long Orton-10.
Catnbridg,,shire hcis., Kln.,Sto:Fox ; Wed , Shear-
hatch-wood ; Fri.; Abb otsley-gret. 1 Oi.
Thanet harry., Mon., Sarre-mill ; Wed., Vincent.
Mr. Lushington's hs., Mon., Key-street ; Fri., Nor-
ton-court.

Mr. Drake's hds., Tues., Skimmingdish-gate ; Wed•
Ludgershall•village ; Sat., Astrop-gate— 101.
Herefordshire has.. Fri.. nothert+a,s-104-.

LLOYD'S SWIPING.
DEAL, DEC. 18.—Acrd. Birman, Guthrie, Calcutta; Lalla
Rook'', Kennedy, ditto ;Jane Catherine, Hill, Madras; Hin-
dostan, Lamb, Bombay; Matilda Luckie, Sprotson, Ber-
bice; Waterlily, Hart, Jamaica; John, Saguinay; Britan-
nia, Woodie, ditto. Arrived from the river, Denmark, New
Orleans.

LIVERP- oot., DEC. 18.—Wind N.N.E , fresh. Arrd,
Lima, Towns, Salthnha Bay; Creole, Stephenson,
Arica ; Broad z
,Deli, 11PGretb, Bahia ; Abbotsford,
Lock, Miramichi. Sld. Hope, Jones, Valparaiso; Aren-
tina, Trotter, Monte Video; Columbus, Green, Pernambuco;
Lydia, Jones, Antigua; British Queen, Healy, Si.. Croix;
C;lntribia, Johnson, Jamaica; Royal Bride, Walsh, Tobacco;
Golden Eagle, Reeles, Nassau; Emerald, Leighton, New
Orleans; Salem, Milford, Mobile; Satellite, Bainbridge, Mo-
bile; Rose, Ankling, Charleston; Caroline, Sierra Leone.
18. Put back Kingoch, fur Newfoundland.
CORK, DEC 16. Arrd. Severn, Wiseman ; Shediac, Felix,
Miratnichl ; Sovereign, Tatmagouche; Welcome, Jackson,
Newfoundland ; Richard, ditto ; Cremona, Fox, ditto,
MILFORD, DEC. 16.—The Letitia, Davies, from Carnarvon
to Carmarthen, was driven on the Midland Rocks in .Jack
Sound, the 14th instant, and sunk soon after; crew saved.
LIVERPOOL, DEC. 18.—The Frankland, Friend, from Bahia
to this port, is telegraphed as wrecked on the north coast of
Algiers; crew saved. The Howard, which sailed hence the
12th instant for Savannah, is telegraphed at anchor off
Hithe Island, with loss of mizen-mast and damage to stern.
PORT TALBOT, DEC. 17.—The Pilot, Beynon, of Newport,
from Neath, got aground this morning abreast of the end
of Breakwater, and is discharging part of her cargo.
ROTHESAY, DEC. 14.—The Janet, Frazer, of Glasgow,
which was on shore at Toward Point Bth inst., has been as-
sisted off and towed to Greenock.

HE CONDEMISEu CONVICTS
The wretched woman, Martha Browning, convicted on
Wednesday at the Central Cr minal Court of the murder of
her. fellow leiger, as aged female, named Elizabeth Mun-
dell, was, immediately on the conclusion of the trial, ra
moved to the apartment appropriated for t'e reception of
capital criminals in Newgate. The prisoner had been quite
unable to stand during the trial, and when the awful result
become known to her, but for the assistance of the officials
in attendance, she would have sunk exhausted on the floor
of the dock. Raving been removed in an almost senseless
condition to that portion of the prison above referred to,
she remained in a state of comparative insensibility until
visited by the Rev. Mr. Davis, the ordinary of the gaol, at
a late hour in the evening. Mr. Davis remained with the
unhappy woman for a considerable period, but the excite-
ment under which she laboured was so great that his
endeavours to afford her religious consolation had very
little effect. At eleven o'clock, thoroughly overcome by
exhaustion and fatigue, she fell asleep and slept soundly
for several hours. The wretched woman appears to be almost
frimdless, and those of herconnexions who have been commu-
nicated with are in the poorest circumstances. She has;a bro-
ther and two or three sisters living, but only one sister resides
in London. The latter has visited the convict since her
committal to Newgate, but not subsequently to her con-
demnation., OniThursday the reverend Ordinary had another
interview with the unhappy woman, who was somewhat
more composed than on the previous day. Mr. Sheriff Laurie
and Mr. Sheriff Chaplin have also visited the prisoner since
her conviction.

Samuel Quennell, convicted on Thursday of the murder of
Fitzgerald, bore his sentence with extraordinary firmness,
nor has the fortitude which he displayed during the trial de-
serted him since. On leaving the dock, he was delivered into
the custody of Mr. Abbott, under-sheriff of the county of
Surrey, and Mr. Keane, the governor of Horsemonger-lane
gaol, by whom he was conducted back to Newgate, and
thence, at three o'clock, conveyed in a cab to Horsemonger-
lane gaol, where the dreadful sentence of the law will be
carriol intgaefiltet.

COURT CIRCULAR.
WINDSOR, FRIDAY.—The Queen and Prince Albert
walked in the vicinity of the Castle precincts for some
dm. this morning.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, the
Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, were taken
an airing fur a short time this afternoon.
The Vice-Chancellor of England, Sir Francis Simp-
kinson, and Mr. William Selwyn, Queen's Counsel,
forming a deputation from Lincoln's Inn, had an au-
dience of his Royal Highness Prince Albert, and were
most graciously received.
The Earl of Liverpool, G.C.8., is expected to arrive
this evening, on a visit to her Majesty.
The band of the Grenadier Guards will attend during
(liner st the Castle, and her Majes:y' prim e band will
afterwaros att .nd.

The Duke of Cambridge visited her Royal Highness
the Duchess of Gloucester on Thursday.; at Gloucester
House.

A meeting was held yesterday morning at Lord John
Russell's residence in Chesharn-place, Belgrave-square.
The Marquis of .Lansdowne, Earl Grey, Earl of Claren-
don, Earl of Auckland, Viscount Palmerston, Sir George
Grey, the Right Honourable Francis T. Baring, the
Right Honourable H, my Labouchere, Right Hon.
T. B. Macaulay, and the Right Honourable Edward
Ellice, attended.
The meeting broke up shortly before three o'clock.
Mr. H. Tufnell, M.P., visited Lord John Russell
yesterday.
Mr. M'Lane, the American Minister, arrived in to,vn,
from Paris, yesterday morning.
A handsome piece of plate, manufactured by Messrs.
Garrard, has just been presented, cn the part of her
Majesty the Queen Dowager, to the Baron de Gersdortf,
.his Saxon Majesty's late Resident MinLter in this
country.

Lora Wharncliffe, Lord President of the Queen's
Most Honourable Privy Council, expired at half-past
ten o'clock yesterday morning, at hip residence in
Comm- street. His Lordship had been ill for some
days past.

Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the
Culonial-olliee for the Governor of Gibraltar.

THE HAGUE, DEC. 13.—The hurricane which raged
with such violence the day before yesterday, in the even-
ing, did considerable damage. The sea rose along our
coast almost to the
.same height as in the extraordwary
flood of February, 1825. At Rotterdam the waves of
the Meuse rose in such a manner, though it was the
time of low water, that they overflowed the quays in
several parts of th© city, and inundated the ground-
floors of the houses and warehouses. The Great Mar-
ket and several streets looked like a vast pond.
Letters from Zienckzee, of the 12th, liken ise state
that the hurricane did great damage there; that the sea
rose as high as in February, 1825, overflowed the
quays, and filled a great number of cellars; but speedy
exertions preserved the neighbouring streets from great
damage. The north-west side of the Great Tower was
overthrown by the violence of the wind. Happily the
fall of this part of the building only damaged the roofs
of some neighbouring houses. Several dikes along the
coast are seriously injured.

THE MINISTERIAL CR ISIS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAC. se
TIME i.—After an amount of hesitation which svouldb,e,
done credit to tee judgment of a much more cautious At'
man, Lord John Russell has at length undertaken to feru'As
Ministry Nor has it been a mere pretence of coyness•
late as SiTedneeday evening, if we are rightly informed,,:ii,
Lordship communicated to Sir Robert Peel that a more alio
berate view of the prospect before him had confirmed !e
reluctance he had felt from the first, and that if Sir ii;e
would remain in office and carry out the opinions which St
led to his resignation, Lord John' Russell and his Irtt°o,
ahnodw however, eern,
tdeercli declined
engagements to
beP rem
would render all the assistance in their power. Sir Iz4se
subject of future dispute. On this refusal, and tind!"g eh
responsibility thus thrust upon him, Lord J. Russell at 170,
Premier
wbhyiethhemmigeiricty of the lv
plucked up the courage to give her Majesty yesterdeY eceery
ing, a positive answer. We may expect, therefore is
few days to find the New Ministry fairly underateet•
Sir Robert Peel's perseverance in resignation is ouje•
able or not, exactly as he chooses to follow it up in the %eel
If the difficulties of the case are as great as we believe eit
possibly be
the
to be, and as the Premier elect apparently rates thera,"e.
Robert Peel has consulted at least his own case and c° we
mence in retiring for a while from the helm of afrai„e'le.bet,
will not doubt that with a majority in the existing LA'
. dr
with so many outdoor influences and so many public i'eote
cities bacli him, he would have been able to carry 3 lege
and even immediate repeal of the corn-laws through ''''ves
Houses. The retiring Premier's difficulties have bet
those of execution. They have rather consisted in the
ore.
conciliation of friends—in the explanations which the rcellee
would entail—in the adjustment of so new and bold I P°' et,
with all that has come before, and possibly with Tolieet
that r_mains to be done hereafter. If the corn-14%3i, to
''
be repealed, and fir Robert is wise ec°''eti 0
see it, there is very intelligible prudence ' tee
sworn protectionist, hand and glove with bile $
landowner, stepping aside for a half-session or so w bee,
more suitable operator does the work of the state forhaere,
We can easily enter into the feelings of a surgeon 00
signs his patient into rival hands at a crisis which his eis
bungling has haetened, with the intention of resuinineg,,
sway 'when the danger is past ; or who withdraws;
time it is absolutely necessary to depart from his s,„ibert
That is plain enough. The question is, whether Sir "..etoss
Peel's reeignation is mere then this,—whether it is gewufli
as well as convenient,—whether it is patriotic as ea oft
comfortable; and this question Sir Robert himself is t'tt
to answer. There is somehow' a strange and unpleasau.fope
picion that Sir Robert Peel has not resigned in that ,Vsbtel
boncifide sense which the kind and candid have been de"sbree
• to suppose. There exists a suspicion, founded either on
see-
thing dropped front Ministerial lips, or more probably en sat s
taro peculiar estimate of Sir Robert Peel's character, ' tbot
mere repetition of the old Conservative farce is all
ia o$
is meant. The Farmers' Friend is once more to aPPe,eue
the boards, rustic and lugubrious, homely and pictureAls
With much bucolic grumbling, he is to submit to Lacti d"d"Russell's naked proposition for repeal. That duty li",.n„,'seiii6
pledge redeemed, he is to indulge in thOse boundless i'isesitice
of expostulation and complaint, which a negative P,°clsee
always allows. He is to tell us all what he would 'Wet-oil
for the farmers, what compensations and alleviation!' ° bite
hard lot he would have provided, bad if been left t°d
His bosom thus overflowing with hypothetical pit'', itn,e bis
hand full of might-have -been bounties, he will restsistS
wonted sway over the tender and confiding agricaan' d 130,
and with their aid once more send back Lord Jelin te°
colleagues to the abstractions of science and consols
reteese
philosophy. The only difficulty will be a decent lia dohfor a quarrel ; either one lumping grievance, or half
likes $
smaller ones, which, on the rule that "every little nth- is sea'
!pickle," will add up into a no-confidence resolution..,o
sion, or a"counter address at the beginning of the eess','.ing de'
The difficulty, however, will be rather in doing the t"iottbe
cently titan in doing it at all. We protest betimes ag3.o pre-
asenniption of this impossible character. The thaene,e,y other
tends to be the farmers' friend at the expense ea cees, etbe.
friendship, and to protect land at the expense of 3"iiiticb 350
interest, imposes on the credulity of his dupes, 55 JO th -
the " wise man " who deals in amulets and charaiseeetioll
present state of things promises of agricultural Pik
are worth just about as much as the notes of the. the if
Elegance," for which a poor creature was murdered led.
day, and another poor wretch will shortly be execu::. ottlet
the agriculturists had one whit more sense than their tbel
they would deliver the next person who tried to citleoei ss
with these empty promises into the hands of the Pale, pro'
common impostor. There lives not the man witot;oder:
cure for them a certain price for their corn. Whoeverspd
takes to do so, let the farmer shut the door in his ce,who at'
warn him off the premises, as he would the r0ga?...,,, or
sew
dertook to supply a given amount of rain and sup id .e 0
make all his ewes bear three lambs a-piece. Pl.oteettoP'
know that there are still people who dream ci ene°llhe
and that consequently there will still be others ready
sbed.,
to turn that delusion to their own private account, "sjaach°lY,
not so earnestly deprecate the revival of this
rraYeseille
farce. But there are protectionists who may be tof t-,e r
moiler, yet their protection will not depart ea_, the ler,
The credit of the country, if not the interest of et it
simpletons themselves, demands that the na'setted.
perpetually recurrent imposture should be ti.uri" or gil
o,
is disgraceful to have your Joseph Ad Y, prec'ps
Of Parliament, everlastingly writhig to te:..,elyfiee
cials to inform them, that on a trifling 131:1etsero
" they will hear of something to their a" prejualiot
We have said nothing whatever to thee....
of Sir Robert Peel's perfect right to divide the Iluee: weee4
the new Premier on every question substantially aes7sh
division. Nor, with our experience of Lord
.b.A.6“shat stieee
and the Whigs, can we deem it at all impossible that
questions should soon arise, even in this very:_alpieel 113‘,,f,
_expostulatioes only come to this—that Sir RelrLoesibeitY
e,"
ing felt and demonstrated, for the nonce- "eniesTe agais uric!
; maintaining agriculture! protection, should
u_kug. fbociie
wive that heartless hoax—that exploded h
k and credLorgi
he renew his advances upon the landed
opinion should stand between him and his 't
rt To tily,
victim, the " sheriff's child that can't• say imposei've
moment it becomes
ves;_nterest, Putuses
up the game of protection the
reunite', w' eele4
in order to resume it at the very first 01W° now eau Sit
be fair dealing to Lord John Russell, wno
' erroe
sith the accumulated difficulties of thirty
Robert P..el and his party, by their class legislatlleses,;
years
dews
boss
broken into pieces the social unity and mutual delleabepf
agriculture and trade. He has at last tried to put In;
together, and failed. Thus far he has shown as inesoes. t
lity as discretion in r, signing the work to other 04
would be the mere waywardness of a seoilt child to
_,eeti.
mended unity to the grown+, and so frustrate the iota'
which he himself has solicited. t,
overnl'letib
CIIRONICLE.—The principles of the newG
ohn nussell to tu,
we need scarcely say, will be thoseproclaimed with 'll‘4
decisive clearness iii the letter of Lord
d 'Unfeignedly do
electors of London. Most warmly
1 an
that we are at
congratulate the country upon the
The delay wind'
will be the total abolition of the corn-laws• in adopts'
to have an Administration whose great and
titled
took place before Lord John Russell felt jus
used so deep B'l
his final determination, and which has ea
to be a P°‘'l,ool
general a feeling of anxiety, will now be felt
• 4
immediate °bee',
guarantee that the grand reform will be accomplished'.he „
John Russsll's hesitation arose from no doubt as to ;`,, ;clop
t.
which, Minister, he should advise her Mejasti;s tor
Upon that point, after full deliberation, his nundhsoar; ugh 7e.'
up liefore the resignation of Sir Robert Peel•mischievous to 11:
satistied that the protective system is neisci,""fieoing
industrial interests in the country, and
~.estenedll"
length a period arrive at which the corn-laws threats
secif
produce, not merely pecuniary loss, but famine and CSID;
disturbance, Lord John Russell declared, in a tune ."at
resolution by which all England has been moved,
.Tijel, free
commerce in the food of the people should be abseimu,Let'e'soula
As to the course, therefore, which this eminent therie
would take, if invested wit the powers of Governmectiors,
could be no doubt. But befere assuming those fug ;be VA
was a grave and even embarrassing question 15 toed._
led p;
mode of securing the success of the measure, the speed,
tion of which was so essential. In the first surPTGoeer?:
by the strange and sudden dissolution of the late,njoy 0,-
ment, it was not clear whether corn-law repeThleeibieen
hastened or retarded by the formation of a Liberailessoialsw.
It was not clear how far Lord John Russell c,?,u'ure starinege
upon support; and with any probability of fai.in_ oefice,,A
hitn in the face, he could not bur feel,
was exposing the principle of free trade to the nst_
.enA „could
At best it -was evident that a free-trade S) cot
have difficulties to contend with which no state.alra
has over'
despise, and therefore it was impossible not to fell:bear_
confidence or precipitancymight have the worst cot.lo`irot,
tare
These various difficulties and doubts have been
.i_ovtb ta;
considered, the means and the mode of carrying twit is, the
work have been carefully investigated, and toe restucoootrel
Lord John Russell is now Prime Minister. Thses, cabiat,
in accepting biz. 1
therefore, will have full assurance that what the pew
undertakes it will acccmplish. The sagacity o'ievee
Premier in'the calculation of political forces hal l
satisfY
doubted, and his resolute, reliable character well , the tt
men that the battle for the-trade will not loe_deeee ,
any fault of the leader. Lord John Russell is, 004.
„
'
chief whom Englishmen can rally round with hesre .
will. Unimpeachable integrity, practical wisdoni!_ „tees;
toned attachment to popular principles, cherishedosh.Y.eponet
trel recollections, and shown in a long series tc!tesietl
services to the ceuse of freedom—these are clesr_':hiee 01;
which may well inspire enthusiasm fora leader, and
.esid
call forth wheetver is best and noblest in .England t _
e'rgsoseue,
Lord John Russell. It is assumed urpretended by theryts io
monopoly, that a measure for throwing open our r tbe Pro
eiportatiou of food must necessarily be defeated M.. 1.00

sent House ofCominons. We cannot regard such 3 eitSitt
at all probable. Is it to be b-upposed that a public °en"( th°
of so awild a character as to break up °ne ,Tess
the
strongest of Governments, has totally failed to hill:- flave
Conservative Members of the House of Commie" feel,the
they not intellects to comprehend, or hearts I°
evils, the prospect of which has overborne the heOn;4o
so many of their own party out of doors ? Are Men] „poly
Parliament alone stagnant and insensible, when th ...nit to
country is alive and in movement? It would beat 11,!:cen-
the many humane and high-mindedmen who sit 00 t"artf
servative benches to suppose so. If the Conservative eon'
had no better bins than that of maintaining the p(!or Pirein
!luny advantages which the land aristocracy derive 105 t
a monopoly of the people's food, it would be the try,
ignoble confederacy that ever existed in a free coon
But. the corn-law is in truth not connected with of the
ancient institutions which it is the professed object
, to
ttte.
Conservative party to preserve. It is no stIPP"'
Church, but a danger, if its maintenance be placed on the
same ground with that of the Establishment, or
order appear in the false position of struggling to itee.,,p rut to
regulation intended to promote scarcity. It is no supyr., of
the Throne, which is far removed from the contaniinatto.
such alliance. Nor is it a support to the heriditary
cracy, whose social position and legislative privileges Iv°tl3o
be more exposed to peril by a vaiu effort to keep Under
corn-laws than by all other causes put together. t,,at
such circumstances, it is not unreasonable to calculate
the proposition with which the new Minis:ry must
Parliament will command a majority in the House of the,
mons. But if this expectation should prove errooeous,,,
result of an appeal to the people cannot be doubtful. %Re
great bulk of the intelligent middle classes, in whom t d
elect oral power is vested, is of one mind on this subject, etn
if the present House of 'Commons does not represent a's
mind, the decision of the nation must be sought 14 sum
if the clsrp
moiling another.

BLACKPRIARS' PIER AND THE WATERMEN'S STEA3g;
BOAT COMPANT.—un Thursday morning Waterman SO. ,
stopped at this pier as usual, but was not permitted to lard
any passengers. One passenger, named Martin, jumped o
l
the boat on the pier, and succeeded in lending unknown
in
the police. The mate not being able to fasten the boat
the usual way, he threw a rope round the beams which suP,.
port the pier, but a couple of the Thames police got in 0n.e.0.t.
their boats, and were about to cut it away, when it, was. wall,
d. rawn. During yesterday thousands of bills were distributed
in Fleet-street, &c., to the effect that the pub-
lic could go to Greenwich, from Illackfriars Free-pier, for id.,
by the Watermen steamers.
DARING li.OBBERY AT A SILVERSMITH'S.--Thurs•
day afternoon, between four and live o'clock, a young C'ell
having the appearance of a sailor, deliberately broke a square
of glass in the shop window of Mr. Griffiths, silversmith, of
Piccadilly, and stole a silver funnel, with which be de-
camped. A boh Who observed. the. transaction, gave infor-
mation to one of the rhopcnea, but the tilidCtivcted his secsPe.

ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING.
IsTEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, WEDNESDAY.—In compliance
With a requisition bearing the signatures of 1,145 inhabitants
Zthis borough, the M IN or appointed a public meeting to be
held in the Guildhall this day at noon, " for the purpose of
F°nsidering the propriety of adopting a memorial to her Ma-
JPtY, praying her Majesty in Council to throw open the ports
for the free admission of grain of every description during the
Present scarcity."
.._ At the hour. appointed the spacious hall was well filled,
v"_any of the leading merchants, magistrates, aldermen, and
wit-councillors being present, as well as a large number of
Shopkeepers and other inhabitants of the borough. The
meeting was, indeed, one of the most numerous and influen-
-141 that has ever been held in that
ancient and venerable'
edifice, comprising many of opposite opinions on general
Politics, but agreed in their opposition to the principle of the
eft-law.
n The Worshipful the Mayor of NEWCASTLE presided, and on
irening the business, said, he considered that every restric- '
trade;
upon the trade of the country was injurious to that
still more, that every duty levied for the sake of pro-
eZt'on to enhance the value of one species of property at
..! expense of the rest, while it did no service to the per-
ie'!'s it was intended to protect, was an act of injustice and
ierY to every other member of the, community, more es-
_ cute.,
~ those dependent upon their labour for maintenance
mittd 'llPPort.—(Applause.)
r• A.. Nicitor,, an Alderman of the borough, extensively
Saga„ed in the glass traCe, moved :-7-
pot..- flat the evidence fr.,m all quarters as to the state of the
to Z°'erofe throughout the three kingdoms, is measures leads -
h. e sonclusion, that unless prompt and effective
taken"ill7_s to mitigate or obviate the calamity, these realms
84 t inevitably in a few months experience the horrors of
keitY, amounting to famine."
ehe,T; C. Itaystn, a member or the town-council, and a mer-
oes;'' of considerable standing, in seconding the motion,
1e,,,,1ved, that no Act of Parliament had ever been more
uwuniental in producing unhappiness and misery among
(ehte°,_Ple at large than that for levying a tax on corn.—
.ties'lllße-) In every point of view in which it was con-
heirs --whether as restricting the operations of commerce,
the PC the supply of the necessaries of life, or diminishing
o,4ittst reward of labour—there was no infliction ever im-
tes4„l4'34 the country more odious and injurious than the
hnbWß•—(Applause.) They had now arrived at a most
seih-sent crisis. At the present moment the country was
blem°l4 a Government. They had seen a str :ng Government dis-
Iser.-'
for Until lately they might have taken a lease of its
very many years to come ; but, in a moment, under
htiettunipotent power of public opinion, that Government
the waned like snow from the hedge ; and it was fer
14),P,eePle, by demonstrations such as this, to say whrther
St ib.4.°llld give encouragement to their leaders and friends
tle 13 critical period, and by showing a bold front enable
11°Z to take possession of the helm of affairs, and lead them
i 'si:tetory.—(Applause.)
i , k resolution passed unanimously.
4,,, ii: CEAWSITAY, of the firm of Hawks, Crawsbay, and
,Itil,"°n-nierchants, said, that if no corn-laws had ever been
'hie,' the failure of the potato crop would not have been a
t_144.1,0 disturb the safety of this mighty empire.—(Ap-
f)e,;) It was a most remarkable fact that during the last
'tlit;" there had been a development of wealth and in-
Weill in the country to which the whole history of the
le h4fforded no parallel ; and yet it appeared, that while
Ildsetr been continually boastin of our risi wealth, and
,ittiot, Y, and ingenuity, and skills n everything. that makes a
11"414tireat, we had yet, by some mysterious, some
.unta-
sae, 'e error been deficient in obtaining the most simple,
hand rfirst and necessary element of prosperity—a suffi-
Sktieleabundant supply of food. Now, there were many
ht! of con su mption that we depended upon th fo-
t.ee" almost entirely for, such as wool, cotton,e &c.
4Ptiel Was no restriction upon the importation of these
th. el)
, kli he and a scarcity of them was never known. From
I
the leftnferred that if the commerce of the country
egtis . free—if they had the whole world to draw
i ,41 per PPlies from—the corn harvest might be deficient—
' ,‘,oted ato crop might fail—hut the people of this country
vepee Over them any danger of famine or distrees.—(Ap-
I,IS they
Le try free-trade by the test of .experience,
1,14 en,!,y would find that in a few years not only commerce,
'he -011etilture too, would flourish under it.—(Applause.)
kiettle..
A for action had come—the time for argument had
14ei•ta Tii.ey had seen a strong Government dissolved, he-
nget)._ °wet dared not persist in maintaining the corn-laws,
Zee : he hoped that the Government that should succeed
Zli„°,llld be prepared to repeal the corn-laws totally, im-
"Po -Y, and unconditionally. Mr. Crawshay concluded by
~," 'l,lllllg the following resoattion :
te at this would never ave happened but in consequence
41t° tliZll. el and impolitic re.triction on the import of grain
biteb kingdoms—restrictions which go to prevent any
, e stock of wheat being held as a resource in case of
th el- harvests, and which also diminish both the power
; 'lie r! Inclination of foreign countries to furnish supplies of
hlktits,tlie occurrence of such junctures."
1 Wes, 13. Peocrou, a member of the town-council, hay-
4lded the motion, it was carried with great =la.-
, n°s.
4'''' the
I,ll'se antene then rose amidst loud cheers, and ad-
kltei the
meeting in a long and spirited speech. He con
4 Clitttili '4B reception he had met with a few years ago at a
leskrt4te,envened by the Mayor for a similar purpose, when
h,'tttci ~ratinpant and riotous throughout the land, o.b-
--c, ee,„ ',lle expression of public feeling, with the reception
,1 4ukrtisienced that evening, and inferred therefrom that
icii,ehittl was now to be found "nowhere," while, in spite of
theirt eflOrts of Chartists and Tories, those men who had
t be, and to the plough and never looked back—who
I,:ttsrenh constant in season and out of season—who had
itithse fro ouse to house, from village to village, from town
4 tree county to County, and united almost a nation
C s, were
and unanimous demand that trade should
e,, tee "ere at length in the ascendant.—(Cheers.) He
tlltr,":, tell'll-7 much 'whether any man in that meeting
h;'"eredu,lna, if asked, whether Feargus O'Connor were
41;1' pieceith the living or the dead.—(Laughter.). Bat. in
!If 114 e 5,,,w113 not the name of Richard Cobden hailed with
,Jt '°111."" Pronounced with applause?—(Cheers.) In this
tiNe of triumph f,
1,ie,114 1-I,`,ne spirit, the boldness, and ability of his exer-
Its Test Solo referred to those exertions in a strain of the
,°e","'eaesi ,"°ery, Mr. Larkin continued :—I have said that
It iti. le.lss tiewould survive until its object was attained; and
kijoe."l,,titie evre approach to firmtaim of that object?
iste °1 40 .„nr grasp, if we be, daring, true. We must
40r thlnpromise.—(" None," and cheers.) We must
°t,„,'"e ewe, Influence of no names. We must be fascinated
fe,'Jel--"8 of no party. We must not per.i;it ourselves to
kilts, or deceived. Whig or Tory is only another name
itiltterepiblie enemy. They are but differeht names for
tee tle„lF factions which, for thoir own purposes,
te. thes'elved, betrayed, and oppressed the people. What
to ere o.watchwords of faction to us ? What are Mo.n-
tikkii?„_`,,reepulets—Guelplis or Ghibellines--Whigs or Tories
lJle,,llQl'°lld cheers.) We are contending for rights, and
ti gh• Permit ourselves to be the dupes of names, or the
54 It)R
taboo ,--,.! of faction or party. I care not from which fac-
th-p'tort our rights—tor, mind, we have to extort them.
+d-"'ire.,.e,sent moment neither faction is your master, but
t,„4)3',3V11 be vigilant and true, will be your slaves, ready
fete
' bidding. Russell must be nothing to us ; Peel
Itelt,er4l4bing to us—but the utter extinction, the com-
Yibt (mitre of these accursed laws from the statute-book,
444"Itter only object. Whoever will do this best, mast
'444.,,, let that man be honoured with the people's
1/4,th°l teAPPlause.) If Peel—Peel ;if Russell, Russell. Let
, irtt , tin the justice, or hope for " immortal services"
iNt!ele itvri•stocracy. Let us trust in the leaders of no aria-
Oth Let us not put our trust in chariots or in horses,
47,atlear!arne of the Lord—in the absolute justice of our
te it In the integrity with which we espouse and ad-
Itelllis ,'„ (Loud cheers.) Mr. Larkin concluded by pro-
s, t-leteoriai to the Qmeen, pointing out the danger of
'ki44'ity' 4lia prayieg for a speedy measure to avert such a
It!lf et the same time directly attributing the present
itneepgs to the "cruel and impolitic restrictions upon
Itils ic,f,grain.-
ioitw Wkaty, timber merchant, having seconded the
Sther as unanimously agreed to.
tlit II resolution, hailing with delight the letters of Lord
1/44t. aild Lord Mn• eth and the consequent resination
' . Peel ' P .
ibii, le%
). t haysing been carried in the usual way,
I,l4lhll4untline said, before the meeting separated, he
,34;itti„311brnit a resolution, which was, in substance,. that
! 46,,5,e0u1d not separate without expressing its disgust
i,.11R ,11ule messes that had been recommended to the
''et`el, -433 es in lieu of wholesome food, such as mangel-
toe tenrry
Yh powder and bone water; and that, as re-
le;e declaration' of the Duke of Richmond that he
k,ti '',,ve the country if the corn-laws were repealed, so
I'4ll,itrit'sv,l/°,llrds of a score- of commercial firms (which he
►l'''S -'4.) were left among us, the Duke of Richmond
toot'v b e
q t.. e missed.
kl'ill'eelii 1"11 having been seconded, was put and carried
1 ts ei,.teation.
he O .EAIAN then declared the meeting. dissolved, and
air amidst loud and long continued cheering.
1 Ilit el.ll4,..,_arßßCorrcH
\Zirtirt7Sevetolbe noi end of ntoewbeiron works.
erected, ut foure have
it%, °,_t: e„' °ne inrathewerarsisao of Lesmahagow, another near
'ill, tern ironworks, P third' at Dalmeffin 'ton and a fourth
, ev a. t, ,
Ilt:4111. trnock—each of them will probably commence
N k1.,.15t furnaces. It may be interestiuie to estimate
;I; Th"."°ll when the projected works are in full opera-
L'll:4ile,,-"re are in blast, at present, ninety-one furnaces,
5.,4 t i4`Pected that twenty-live additional ones will be
N/boethree months. Now with the several new fur-
,, that onentioned, there will be in blast next year, no
th‘rei ,; one hundred and thirty-two furnaces. These
'liVell ;‘,ll Produce the enormous quantity of seventeen
otl ,-"118 weekly, or eight hundred and eighty-four
ilkl,t( @Jens annually, which, the English production
kis4„qte,l`lll two hundred thousand, will give a total pro
C 'ese,!.niillions of tons of pig iron annually. So large
NI t.-h'lng a production accounts for the great =ppm-
-157(14t e stoeic of i s iron (the stock in Glasgow is es-
te. lee„ Pis
,stottatireards of two hundred and fifty thousand tons),
'kitil fie. ,","ng the extraordinary demand made for this
1,. e‘rls foetus Purposes of railway companies. There is a
tN,°,iel 111' lire in the Scotch iron trade not generally known,
-4' l'4st be rectified before the trade be put upon a
el hires's.. ....,,
thAilise,saii II e allude to the fact that, although. the rails
ks, Ikea 'Y used are made of malleable iron, there are
tie ,Zo(l4e, Only sufficient malleable works to convert.
4, teo fifteen furnaces into that description of iron.
h cibe,,, Ironmasters are also shut out from the benefit of
),,e,? I) "118 English malleable ironworks, which may be
Nti'letd
,!IPPlied with pig iron of their own manufacture.
tt,tti„reett;lruantity of Scotch pig iron taken to England, and
i. 4. ile of ed th;re, is so trifling that it is not equal to the
hieersiklll4l°re than a very few of our blast furnaces. The
1,1f14"41 tastes, we fear, will be found to have had a most
tisiik4joe ,e,et upon the trade, both by stimulating the
berg- an enormous extent, and by cutting off the
Zee,lron ; for under the new duties imposed by
lOte,",°ll ':'n, foreigners cannot afford to take our
0 (OtrecreePt at- low prices. And when it is
IkiOtio,,, that in 1842 (the last year in which
09, le ex,, lai exports were considerable) the amount of
itekot wilt, orted from Glasgow alone was seventy thousand
I}:t ',pig of the seen how important it is to cultivate this
‘.'t ses Trin‘irade. And this can only be effected by keep-
itte.-1/ortetins'erate. It is a painful fact that, since 1842,
0, 13-4tance3-n of Pig iron has all but ceased. Under these
4:141 Lto he .! we are at a loss to conceive how the surplus
i !I'M ee "posed of. Should the price fall, of course part
t;3l',.a4ble iProirted; but until there has been erected as many ►
Nt4i., will n works as there are pig iron works, the trade,
4kle nt a, slialT great depression in consequence of the
,N4.3's ;Li elnnulation or stock. On account of the man:y
Nit dellicollree of formation or projection, there must be
4tn.
tit• that ati, for malleable iron ; we are, therefore, sun-
-I'4l k,f,'lrß branch of the trade has hitherto escaped the
l, 'l' uU CapitalLitS.— Glasgow National.
y TEA
........,111,,IMMI•i•••••••ILC..../..
1 • Oil 1a
'll' ei, OR DENMARK.—There is now building
km,,, e eorated I l.llto-'l, a ,pit,. ~
.ownsinan, Mr. R. Napier, and nearly
Lis ch'ei ~,,,,_. noid ircn steamboat, of 240-horse power, and
!Itinriirstc're She is commissioned by the proprietors of
the
tided an VIII. (formerly the Vulcan of Glasgow), and
hett
iti otr,efor
Passage between Kiel and Copenhagen.
,1 l'as ' eted to prove one of the finest and fastest boats
4 , i ever 1
tt,,_ rorn , qt the port of Glase•ow • and we are glad to
Illkglark, tech a vessel being ordered 'by our neighbours of
)/.,,..,nat they begin to value time and comfort not lees
' uttelesv...
u. .—Gicravao Courier.

GREAT LEEDS AND LONDON
RAILWAY.

The annual general meeting of this Company was
held at the London Tavern yesterday, and was very
numerously attended.
The SECRETARY having read the motion convening
the meeting,
The CHAIRMAN (W. R. Collet, Esq.) said that he
was perfectly aware of the difficulty with which he had
to contend, and it would facilitate the business if he
were to read to them the report of the Eoard of Di-
rectors.—(The Chairman here read the document in
question.)—The original concession of the line, bearing
date the ,31st of December, 1844, had been granted by
the Government of Spain to Mr. Richard Keily, from
whom it had been purchased for 40,0001., half of which
was to be paid on the bringing out of the first section
from Aviles to Leon, and the remainder on the com-
mencement of the line from Leon to Madrid. It
further appeared that the sham s had been speedily
taken up upon the issuing of the prospectus for the first
part of the line, and that Sir Joshua Walmsley had been
sent out by the Company to make the requisite financial
arrangements with the Spanish Board of Directors. It
stated also that Mr. Keily, in consequence of the
negotiation that ensued, had been induced to aban-
don the second moiety of the purchase-money ; and
thus an unfavourable opinion had bet n formed
of prosecuting the first portion of the line, but it was
believed that the second section, from the capital to Va-
ladolid, would open a profitable field for investment.
It stated also that it was deemed necessary that a provi;
sional directory should be organised, to give greatet:
power to their operations, but that the directors, in-
fluenced by the altered state of public feeling, deem
it advisable to return to the scrip-holders 10
per cent. on the shares issued in Franco and Eng:
land. It stated, moreover, that the shareholders weutd
be entitled to an equal number of shares in the United
Peninsular Railway Company. There was no desire on
the part of the Directors to shirk any inquiry that
might be made into their conduct. They had been induced
to carry out the project from a conviction that it would
benefit this country, and it was thought that had
caused them to enter into the arrangements they had
done with Mr. Keily. The Chairman then went into a
detail of the motives and the conduct of the Directors,
which are all embodied in the abstract we have given
of the report. In conclusion, he would move that the
report be adopted, that the thanks of the meeting be
given to the Directors, and that the Company be dis-
solved.
Mr. WILKINSON inquired, before agreeing to that re-
solution, whether the gentlemen who were originally
Directors continued to be so still?
The CHAIRMAN, in reply, stated that they had re-
signed the management to the gentleme'n named in the
report.
Mr. WILKINSON then said he had to propose, as an
amendment, that a committee of five shareholders be
appointed to investigate the report of the engineers, to
see if what was there stated as to the expenditure was
correct, and to report the same to the shareholders at a
general meeting for that purpose.
Mr. D. W. HARVEY, in seconding the resolution, said
that though there had been great candour on the part of
the Chairman and the other gentlemen present, yet he
considered that it would be right to have time afforded
them to look into a report of sixty pages in extent.
Before he proceeded further, he would wish to know if
the Hon. Chairman was willing to accede to the amend-
ment ?
The CHAIRMAN said that he conceived it would be a
proceeding not justified by the circumstances of the case,
and repeated his statement as to the zeal with which the
Directors had discharged their duty, as well as the re-
gret they felt that the project should not have suc-
ceeded.
Mr. D. W. HARVEY said, notwithstanding, he con-
ceived that this inquiry should be granted. He did not
s ish to throw suspicion on any party. He came there
as a man of business, who could not afford to lose his
money, and therefore he considered that every person
should support the amendment.--(Hear, hear.) It
could not be concealed that the .doings of
the Royal North of Spain Railway Company had
been the subject of public criticism and censure. He
wished to know if the gentlemen who were fondateurs
had obtained shares or reaped any benefit. This might
be as unfounded an idea as ever was entertained since
the London Tavern was erected. Nevertheless,
he conceived that it should be clearly es-
tablished that they had not, if such an idea
were entertained. From the letters in italics
it would appear that the whole wealth of Spain was
embarked in the projected railway.—(Hear.) Now they
were aware that it was quite possible that some of those
Spanish grandees might repudiate those shares. He
would not, for one, be satisfied until the inquiry was made.
Mr. JACKSON said he should ,not be doing justice to
himself and his brother Directors if he did not correct
some mistakes that had been made. In the first place,
Mr. Keily had obtained the concession for himself;
and not as one of the Board of the ,Com-
pany. They were perfectly justified in making thp
surveys they had made, and in poing to the expenditure
they had done. Hei would ask any gentleman
conversant with railway matters, whether a survey of
three hundred miles in length could be surveyed at a
cheaper rate than that at which they had effected
their survey ? They found out that they had made
a bad bargain with Mr. Keily. The Directors acknow-
ledged that they had spent the money of the share-
holders, but they erred through ignorance, and he
appealed to them whether granting that inquiry
would not be a reflection on their honour
and integrity ? They were anxious that every inquiry
should be made.
Mr.- MoxoN considered that the Directors had brought
this very demand for inquiry on themselves by their
mode of proceeding, and that they should court inquiry
themselves.—(Bear, hear.)
Mr. SMITH conceived that no good could result from
the appointment of that committee, and that if it were
granted, from his experience, it would end in their getting,
instead of twenty, only ten shillings a share. All the
gentlemen were there, and let them interrogate them.
Ile suspected those committees of iecieiry. They had
already lost a portion of their money by folly, and pro-
bably the whole of the money might be squandered
in law proceedings.—(Hear, hear.)
Sir JOSHUA WALMSLEY said that it was necessary
for them to understand, that unless the money was paid
before the 30th of December next, they would lose the
concession of the first section from Aviles to Leon.
About one-third of the shares had been sent to Madrid,
and the Directors did not distribute them,
but kept a large portion for themselves.
They did not subsequently take more than
1,900 shares. It had been attempted to throw
ridicule on the names of those gentlemen of the
Peninsular Railway Company which had been submitted
to the meeting. These gentlemen permitted the Share-
holders in the Royal North of Spain Railway Company
to take shares in their railway. But he conceived it
was not right to make those reflections on such names
as the Duke de Sotomayor, Messrs. Laffitte, and the
other gentlemen named.
The CHAIRMAN, in reply ty a question, stated that if
the resolution were agreed to, the money would be paid
on the 31it of December next.
The CHAIRMAN then, in reply to a question, said that
the money would be paid before Christmas, if they agreed
to the resolution.
The CHAIRMAN then put the amendment, which was
negatived by a large majority, and the original resolution
agreed to.
A vote of thanks was then given to the Chairman,
and the meeting separated.

A meeting of the shareholders of this Company was
held yesterday, at one o'clock, at the George and Vulture
Tavern. Corehill, to consider and determine is hat course
it was exp-dient to pursue under existing circumstances.
On entering the room each person was presented with a
printed circular, signed " One of yourselves," calling on
them, instead of dissolving the Company and receiving
back their deposits, minus expenses, to amalgamate with
the London and Nottingham Railway, a line that pro-
posed to supply the etistrict of country for which the
present scheme had bsen projected, and which had suc-
ceeded in depositing its plans and sections, and had every
prospect of obtaining an Act in the ensuing session of
Parhament.
The CHAIRMAN (Mr. Riddell) opened the business by
stating that the present meeting of the shareholders
had been called by the Provisional Director:, to lay
before them a statement of their present position ; and he
was sorry that they had not been convened under
more favourable circumstances. Still, the Committee of
Management bad considered it to be their duty to
give no account of how they stood. He would now call
on the &ere tary to read the report prepared, after which
he would be pen to make any further remarks, or give
any explanation that might be deemed necessary.
The SECRETARY then read the report, whiith was insub-
stanee to the following effect:—lt set out w ith stating that
at the first meeting of the Company, held on the 7th of
October last, the solicitor had stated that the survey of
the line would be cornp!uted in good time to comply with
the standing orders of Parliament. The whole number
of shares in the Company was advertised at 100,000,
which application hal been made to at least the extent of
500,000. The Committee issued the letters of allotment
immediately after the applications were made, but before
the deposits were paid the panic came ; the consequence
of which was, that only 12,060, shares were paid on,
realising 30,0001., and representing a capital of 300,000 L,
On the 14th of October the Committee were led to be-
lieve that the survey of the portion of the line south of
Chesterfield would be at least half, if not the whole
line; but finding early in November that Mr. Higgins
was not in so forward a state as was expected, Mr. Mil-
ford was employ( d to finish the northern portion. It
was the 11th of November before the first sheet was re-
ceived from the engineer; and on inquiry, finding that
the plans and sections could not be got ready by the
30th, or, if. ready, in a most imperfect state, it was
deemed best not to proceed further, but to call
together the shareholders, to take their advice
as to what course it was best to pursue. An
amalgamation of the present Company had been pro-
posed with the London and Nottingham Company, which
would be brought under their consideratien that day.
The financial position stood thus :—A great many claims
had been made upon the Company for payments, which
were overcharged and unwarrantable, especially the
engineering and advertising bills. The principal items
eharged against the Compa .y were, for advertising, 3,3951;
engineering near to 10,0001. ; solicitors, 2,2001.; making,
with the smaller sums, a total in round numbers
of 18,0001. The Committee had objected most
strongly to the engineers' and advertising bills, and
on remonstrating with Mr. Higgins and Mr. Milford,
the former agreed to accept in full payment 3,5001.,
and the latter 6501., thus reducing their claim upwards
of 5,000/. The advertising account bad not yet been
settled, but the Committee entirely repudiated the
charges which were therein made. Upwards of 10,5001.
had been settled, leaving a balance due of 7,561/. As,
howefer, the engineers had given up so much of their
claim, and as it was probable that the advertising ac-
count would be much reduced, it was believed
that the whole expenses would be reduced
under 10,000/. The Committee had considered •three
courses which the Shareholders might pursue:-Ist, tc
hang back till another- session of Parliament, and with
correct plane and sections seek for an Act; 2d, to amalga
mate with the London and Nottingham ;-or, 3d, to dissolve
the Company, and return the deposits to the Share-
holders, minus expenses. The Committee were opposed
to the first course in the present state of the railway
market ; the second they recommend to the careful
consideration of the Shareholders; and, with regard to
the third, they recommend a dissolution at the earliest
period practicable, in which the meeting would have to
consider what steps it would be necessary to take
regarding the settling of claims and the returning of
deposits.
The report being finished,
The CHAIRMAN said he was now ready to answer any
question. With regard to the advertisement account,
he begged leave to state that the agent at first had put,
in a bill for 1,043/, which at the time of delivery was
objected to by the Committee as preposterously incorrect,
since which another bill had been received for 2,2001.
A SHAREHOLDER wished to know what the amount
e as received in deposits ? .
The CHAIRMAN-29,6201. Bs. The expenses on the
other hand had been generally set down with the ad&
tional claim of the advertising agent, at 18,044 L, but he
had no doubt the deductions would bring it down to one

Another SHAREHOLDER—Have the Provisional Direc-
tors paid up ?
The CHAIRMAN answered that they had not. With
respect to the Board of Management, he might say that
no shares were originally allotted to them. All the
shares were allotted to the public, with the understanding
that, should they not all be taken up by the public, the,
should be taken up by the Committee; if otherwise, then
they were to purchase in the market.
Mr. WHEELOW—How many of the Provisional Di-
rectors have paid up?
The CHAIRMAN—Twenty-four of them have paid.
Mr. WHEELOW stated that the original number of
shares which it was agreed should be allotted to each
Provisional Director was 150 ; now, in the case of the
party he represented, 20 more than that number kad been
allotted, 170 in all, and paid.
The CHAIRMAN replied that the extra number had
been sent in mistake.

Mr. WHEELoW—Then the money ought to be re-
turned. He wished to know how many shares the Com-
mittee of Management had taken up ?
The CHAIRMAN.—We took as many shares as quali-
fied us to act—two shares each; but we bad none allotted
us. I can only say that I hold 600 shares in the Com-
pany, but none of us in the Committee ever received any
allotment whatever.

A SHAREHOLDER remarkel, that the Chairman had
stated that in the event of the public failing to take up
the shares, the Committee would take up those that
were left. He wished to know if they would do so

now ?

The CHAIRMAN—We were only at liberty to do so if
we thought fit.
A SHA.REHOLDER contrasted the conduct of the Com-
mittee of Management of the Direct Manchester with
the present. In that Company only 200 shares had
been returned, and the Managing Committee had had
from 300 to 500 shares allotted to each of them ; it
was quite a different system here.
The CHAIRMAN said that the Committee had acted
from the very best intentions in the course they had
taken. It was furtherconsidered that when it was found

that the Great Leeds and London could not go forward,
and when there was a probability of an amalgamation with
the London and Notiingham, that the Committee should

secure themselves, as in the event of an amalgamation they
would have to qualify themselves, by taking up a num-
ber of shares in that concern.

ROYAL NORTH OF SPAIN RAIL
WAY COMPANY.

After some further discussion on this point, the CHAIR-
MAN directed attention to the amalgamation question,
explaining that that Company was willing for the union.
Some time ago the Deputy-Chairman of that Company in-
timated to him, that if the Great Leeds and London would
abandon the incurring of any further expense, that he
had no doubt the amalgamation would be acceded to ;
the terms which were named being, that the Directors
should have 100 shares in the new company, and the
shareholders 20 each. They had, in consequence of
this, stopped all further proceedings; and after reducing
all expenses to the lowest point, he had no doubt they
would be able to return 355. per share to the share-
holders, providing the Company was dissolved.
A SHAREHOLDER called the attention of the meeting
back to the deposits. lie thought none of the claims
ought to he paid, or the money parted with, till all the
Provisional Directors had paid up ; and if they did not
pay, proceedings ought to be taken against them.
The CHAIRMAN said if they adopted that course, they
would be obliged to file bills in Chancery against them
and they would be put to enormous expense in conduct-
ing the suits.

The CHAIRMAN, in answer to a Proprietor, stated that
162 of the Provisional Committee had applied for shares
by letter, but that out of that number only 24 had paid
their deposits.
A long and most irregular conversation, for discus-
sion it could not be called, then took place, in the course
of which several motions were made and amendments
proposed, some of which were adopted, and many not
put to the meeting, in consequence of the most irregular
manner in which it was conducted. One of
the motions put to the meeting, but which
was lost, was to the effect that those members of the
Provisional Committee who had written for shares, but
had not paid their &posits, should be informed that if
their deposits were not paid within a certain time their
names would be advertised in the newspapers for a cer-
tain number of days. The only motion carried was, that
the Company should be dissolved, and a return made to
the Proprietors of 11. 10s. per share, the original de-
posits being 21. 12s. 6d. per share.
We have found it utterly impossible to give anything like
a regular report of so irregular a meeting, and the diffi-
culties of our reporters were increased by a total want
of that usual courtesy displayed towards them at other
meetings, of furnishing the names of the speakers, to-
gether with a copy of the report. On our reporter ask-
ing to be allowed a sight of the report, he met with a
distinct refusal.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sin,— Ili an interesting article on " Whitefield's Bones,"
in your paper of Monday evening last, the writer gives
an anecdote of that truly great and good man, which be
suppos« sis new. Such, however, is not the case, for a
precisely similar anecdote of him will be found in a note
to " Williams's Diary," second edition, by Hanbury,
1826, at page 434: it is there stated that " The Rev. G.
Whi.4l9eld observed to Mr. Williams, that frequently he
who had glorified God by a life peculiarly active in his
service, was not permitted to say much for Him at death.
' You and 1, friend Williams,' said he,' may probably
he mute at this season. It is usually the mourning
Christian whose mouth is opened at that period, in order
to evidence his own sincerity and the faithfulness of
God.' Mr. Whitefield's death, it is well known, was
sudden ; and Mr. Williams having fallen into a lethargic
state was incapable of opening his mouth for God."
Will you allow me, Mr. Editor, to add 'that Jos.
Williams, of Kidderminster, was an extraordinary per-
son. His natural powers were superior, and, though
deeply immersed in business, he had assiduously culti-
vated them ; but his piety was of a very high order, as
the " Diary" shows. He was indeed in this respect
what one could wish that every British tradesmen were.
It is to be regretted that the latest edition of this very
valuable work, published by Mr. W.'s descendant, Mr.
Hanbury, is now out of print. If the beauty and value
of Mr. Williams's writings were known, I am quite sure
that further editions would be called for.
Requesting you to give insertion to these lines I am,
Sir, yours obediently, J. C.
Brixton, Dec. 18.

Some of the coal proprietors in Lancashire have
raise' the price of coals one shilling per ton.
DEATH or A PRlSONER.—Thursday Mr. Bedford
held an inquest in the board-room of the Westminster House
of Correction on the body of Charles Harvey, aged 40, a
prisoner. John Mathewson, clerk of the prison, stated that
deceased vos committed from the Queen-square Police-court
on the 12th instant, and admitted thereon that day, charged
with assaulting a police-constable in the execution of his
duty, and sentenced to one month's imprisonment. Alex-
ander Laing, the sub-warder, deposed that deceased had been
at that gaol several times, always for assaulting the police,
and he was subject to fits. At half-past eleven on Sunday
morning witness found him lying in his bed apparently life-
less. The prison surgeon was immediately called in, but
life was quite extinct. Verdict, " Natural death from
apoplexy."
DREADFUL ACCIDENT TO A STOKER.— Thursday
morning, an accident of a very serious character, occurred
on board the Oliphant steam-packet, now lying in the Pool.
The name of the person to whom the accident occurred ir,
Archibald Castles, who was formerly employed upon tl,y,e
Great Western railroad, as a stoker. On Thursday morning jje
was attending to his duties on board the vessel, which ha', to
leave for Hamburgh the same evening. He had been at the
engine fire putting on, some fuel, as it is suppos,,,d, when
Murray, one of the engin( ers, on going into the engine-room,
found the poor fellow lying with his knees sera a portion of
his body upon the burning cinders beneatb the fire, and the
door of the furnace being open, one of his hands, which was
frightfully burned, was resting within it. On being picked
up he was quite senseless, and was immediately conveyed to
the hospital, where it was stated there, was not the slighest
hope of his recovery. It appeared the poor fellow was' subject
to fits, and it is supposed that one had come upon him before
he could call for assistance. Unfortunately, Castles is a
married man, and his wife was on deck at the time of the
accident, having come to see him off. The shock, however,
proved too much for the poor woman, and she now lies at her
lodgings, in Paul-street, Finsbury, in a very dangerous state.

SUBSTITUTE FOR POTATOES.—Perhaps the best sub-
stitute for potatoes is the Swedish turnip; the best method
of preparing which, though well understood by agriculturists
and cowkeepers, is not generally known to housekeepers in
town, who are apt to complain of the intolerable length of
time the root takes in boiling. This is really the case only
when the Swede is cut into lumps or slices; the proper way
being to boil the root entire, afterwards divesting it of its
outer integument. In this way the smaller-sized roots are
reduced to a fine pulp; and the flavour is so much improved
as to be preferred try many to the white globe. Those who
wish to keep a stock of Swedes for family use should choose
the middle-sized, cut off the collar straight with the bull)
lay this end downwards in a cool but dry situation. Do not
place them in heaps.—Brighton Gazette,

ERIOUS ACCIDENT AT COVE.—On Sunday night,
at the hour of eight o'c!ock, as Captain Bennie, of the Pri,
cess Royal transport, was going down the "Holy Ground,'
on his way to the boat that was to have conveyed him to his
ship, he took one of those narrow and tortuous paths that
lead down to the Strat d, when, melancholy to relate, he had
scarce proc eded more than a few steps, when, from the im-
passable state of those footways, which are always dangerous
to those who venture by them, and particularly so to those
unaccuAomed to them, he was precipitated among the rocks
and stones beneath. Captain B. received several injuries
and is dangerously hurt, but we are happy to say hopes are
entirtand a his resorn.—Peri Xrafttittire

THE SUN. LONDON, SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 1845.

LITERATURE.

THE' EUROPEAN LIBRARY. Vol. L—LIFE
OF LORENZO I)E' MEDIC!.
Whatever restrictions may still be placed upon com-
merce, the days of monopoly in literature are past. The
narrow streams of knowledge, hitherto confined to an
exclusive circle, have at length reached the mighty
ocean that fertilises the universe. Science, history, phi-
losophy, all the chief branches of learning, once the
peculiar study of the scholar, are now understood and
appreciated by the multitude. Notwithstanding the
faults of modern Governments, education has made rapid
and unceasing progress, and were Governments gifted
with more penetration, its progress would be even
greater; they would, for their own sakes, seek to en-
courage the growing spirit, did they reflect that "by
education men become easy to lead, but difficult to drive
--easy to govern, but impossible to enslave." Whatever
tends to advance the cause of instruction, whatever
tends to' enlightenithe minds of the people, must be re-
ceived with cordial and unqualified approbation by all
who have the general welfare at heart. It is with such
a feeling that we receive the first volume of "The
European Library," a work whose avowed object is "to
elevate the national mind, and to refine the national cha-
racter." In the prospectus the writer observes—
" That the highest efforts of human intellect, emanating,
as for the most part they have done, from men of the people,
are perfectly intelligible to the people; and that, for the fu-
ture elevation of the public mind, nothing is needed to pre-
sent to it, in a tangible form, the combined mind of the past.
As it is, our men and women—and this applies not merely
to the hembler classes—are taught to read, but there are
then scarcely any books for them. They hold the key to the
world of thought, that world so vast, so beautiful, giving to
those who enter it a new existence, but the lock is far above
them. The proprietor of the European Library' will place
it within their reach, will habituate the minds of all to some
of the most perfect emanations of the human intellect. This
it is proposed to effect by reproducing, in a series of volumes,
in one language, in one uniform shape, 'of outward form
elaborate, of inward most exact,' the great literary works of
every country, of all time; the ipsissima verba of our own
authors, and the full spirit and meaning of those who wrote
in another"tongue."
It these promises are fulfilled this will, indeed, be a
valuable acquisition. We have already many useful
works appearing in a popular form, but not enough to
satisfy the increasing demand. By furnishing the best
standard works, English and foreign, fur the moderate
sum of three and sixpence, 'The European Library" will
ensure general favour. A work intended to promote
knowledge, and improve the minds of the multitude,
could not have opened with a fitter subject than the life
of Lorenzo, " the Magnificent," who, renowned as an
author, a statesman, and a scholar, is yet more celebrated
for his fostering love of literature, and his earnest en-
deavours to diffuse it among the people. Roscoe's " Life
of Lorenzo" has been read and admired for years. At
its first appearance it excited the admiration of the chief'
scholars of England and Italy ; it was translated into
foreign languages, and has long been a favourite with
the learned. It now appears in a cheaper form, for the
benefit of the general reader. This is a most complete
edition, and leaves nothing to be desired. It is adorned
with a portrait of Lorenzo, and includes not only his his-
tory, but his poems. It is prefaced by a life of Roscoe,
which is not the least interesting portion of the work. It
represents the career of successful genius. We see the
poor boy, who carried vegetables to market, become one of
the first literary characters of the day, courted and admired
by all: that his success was merited will be admitted by
all who peruse this, his principal, work. Written with
the impartiality and accuracy of history, it combines
many of the minor details and anecdotes which renders
biography so interesting. It commences with a sketch
of the origin of Florence, and concludes with the down-
fal of that. 'celebrated republic shortly after the death
of Lorenzo.' The Florentine Government was pure re-
publican, yet the family of the Medici possessed more
than regal influence; the secret of their power was not to
seem great but to be so; they ruled all the affairs of the
state while ostensibly they were but private citizens.
These maxims were implicitly obeyed by Lorenzo,
who by his prudence and moderation greatly increased
the influence of his family, and raised Florence to a
height of prosperity before unknown. Had fortune
placed him in a humble station, his poetical genius
might have rendered him celebrated, but born to hold a
conspicuous place as the head of the Medici and the
chief of Florence, his talents proved him worthy of
his position; and have transmitted his name to the ad-
miration of posterity. Situated as Lorenzo w as,
a man of narrow mind and ambitious views might
have sought to aggrandize himself by destroy-
ing the liberties of his country, but the illus-
trious Medici had a nobler ambition. His talents
were great, and the good he effected boundless ;
by his prudence and judgment he contributed to the
good government of Florence, and became the arbiter
between rival nations. Often did he fix the balance of
power—often by his influence terminate, by his fore-
thought prevent, a war. His great aim was to unite the
states of Italy in peace and concord, that they might by
their union check the incursions of their ambitious
neighbours. This was no easy task ; the party feuds
and jealousies of rival states were hard to reconcile, but
Lorenzo persevered so well that he succeeded in pro-
moting a general peace. It was said of him, " that he
converted into iron what he found fabricated of glass."
But it is not alone as a politician that Lorenzo is re-
markable—his love of peace was surpassed by his love of
learning—the immense wealth he had acquired by mer-
cantile affairs was employed in procuring works of
art, in reviving old manuscripts, which had otherwise
perished—in adorning Florence, and in favouring the path
of genius. The arts and sciences which had long de-
clined, revived beneath his fostering care. It was
his chief delight to fly from the toils of busi-
ness, to leave the direction of Florence and
the disputes of foreign sovereigns, and to enjoy in retire-
ment the conversation of the men of genius whom he ad-
mired and understood. Truly did he merit the title of
" Magnificent;" under his auspices Florence became the
favoured seat of learning, poetry, painting, sculpture; all
received an impulse from his care; under his patronage
genius flourished. One his most celebrated proteges
was Michael Angelo. Being anxious to promote the
study of the antique, he appropriated his gardens to
establish a school for that purpose; the results were most
favourable, as appears from the folowing :
" To this institution, more than to any other circumstance,
we may, without hesitation, ascribe the sudden and astonish-
ing proficiency which, towards the close of the fifteenth cen-
tury, was evidently made in the arts, and which, commencing
at Florence, extended itself in concentric circles to the rest
of Europe. The gardens of Lorenzo de' Medici are fre-
quently celebrated by the historian of the painters, as the
nursery of men of genius; but if they had produced no other
artist than Michelagnolo Buonarroti, they would sufficiently
have answered' the purposes of their founder. It was here
that this great man began to imbibe that spirit, which was
destined to effect a reformation in the arts, and which be
could, perhaps, have derived from no other source. Of a noble,
but reduced family, he had been placed by his father, when
young, under the tuition of the painter Ghirlandajo, from
whom Lorenzo, desirous of promoting his new establishment,
requested that he would permit two of his pupils to pursue
their studies in his gardens; at the same time expressing his
hopes that they would there obtain such instruction as would
not only reflect honour on the institution, but also on them-
selves and on their country. The students who bad the good
fortune to be thus selected, were Michelagnolo and Francesco
Granacci. On the first visit of Michelagnolo, he found in the
gardens his future adversary, Torrigiano, who, under the di-
rections of Bertoldo, was modelling figures in clay. Michel-
agnolo applied himself to the same occupation, and his work
soon afterwards attracted the attention of Lorenzo, who, from
these early specimens, formed great expectations of his
talents. Encouraged by such approbation, he began to cut in
marble the head of a faun, after an antique sculpture, which,
though unaccustomed to the chisel, he executed with such
skill as to astonish Lorenzo; who, observing that he had
made some intentional deviations from the original, and that
in particular he had represented the lips smoother, and had
shown the tongue and teeth, remarked to him, with his ac-
customed jocularity, that he should have remembered that old
men seldom exhibit a complete range of teeth. The docile
artist, who paid no less respect to the judgment than to the
rank of Lorenzo; was no sooner left to himself, than he
struck out one of the teeth, giving to the part the appearance
of its having been lost by age. On his next visit, Lorenzo
was equally delighted with the disposition and the genius of
his young pupil, and sending for his father, not only took
the son under his particular protection, but made such a pro-
vision for the old man as his age and the circumstances of his
numerous family required. From this time till the death of
Lorenzo, which included an interval of four years, Michelag-
nolo constantly resided in the palace of the Medici, and sat at
the table of Lorenzo, among his most honoured guests; where,
by a commendable regulation, the troublesome distinctions of
rank were abolished, and every person took his place in the
order of his arrival. Hence the young artist found himself
at once associated, on terms of equality with all that was
illustrious and learned in Florence, and formed those con-
nexions and friendships which, if they do not create, are at
least necessary to promote and reward superior talents. His
leisure hours were passed in contemplating the intaglios,
gems, and medals, of which Lorenzo had collected an asto-
nishing number, whence he imbibed that taste for antiqua-
rian researches, which was of, essential service to him in his
more immediate studies, and which he retained to the close of
his life."

The lire of Lorenzo is most interesting to contemplate;
it shows how much may be accomplished by one indi-
vidual, and how great is the glory of him who benefits
others instead of .aggrandising himself: To Lorenzo
was not decreed the useless pageantry of the monarch,
or the empty glory of the conqueror—his high ambition
was to promote the welfare of his country, his greatest
happiness to advance the cause of learning. During his
life he was beloved and respected, and his memory is
dear to the lovers of genius, which owed its great glory
to his care.

KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON.—We are glad to learn
that the council of this college have lately determined upon
founding scholarships for the several departments of this
institution, with a View to the encouragement Of diligence in
the study Of divinity, and the various branches of literature
and science. Some of these scholarships are confined to the
lower classes of the school, whilst others of a higher value
are open to the senior students of each department.
A DEAR KISS:.-.011 Tuesday last, Henry Bishop,
a railway labourer, was fined I/. and costs, by the county
Magistrates sitting in Watling©-street,foran assault on Mary
Pritchard, at Sturrv, arising out of his having attempted to
kiss her. In default of payment he was committed to St.
Augustine's for a month.—Kentish Observer.
The late Alexender Murray, Esq., M.P. for Kirk-
cudbright, late of Broughton, North Britain, also of (Mears
House, Twickenham, Middlesex, and of Killybegs, Donegal,
in Ireland, died, leaving personal proferty in England and
within the province of Canterbury estimated at 8.0001. By
his will he has left to his wife, the Right Hon, Lady Ann
Murray, the whole of his estates, real and personal, whereso-
ever situated, and for her own absolute use; and also ap-
pointed her sole executrix of his will, which was dated 17th
of May, 1836.
WINDSOR STEEPLE CHASES.—These annual events
have just been fixed to come off on the 14th and 15th of
April next. Viscount Neville and the Hon. R. N. Lawler,
of the 2d Regiment of Life Guards, and Albert Ricardo, Esq.,
of Titnest Park, have consented to act as stewards. From
the large amount of the stakes to be run for, and the character
of the horses which will be entered, some first-rate sport is
anticipated.
The Earl of Wilton leaves town for Egerton Lodge,
Melton Mowbray, to-day. His Lordship has no intention
of returning tie town, as stated on Thursday.

„

person.

COURT-MARTIAL.
PORTSMOUTH, THURSDAT.—A general court-martial as.
sealed this day at the Royal Marine Barracks for the trial
of gunner John Hull, of the Artillery Companies of the
Royal Marines, on the following charges, to which the pri
soner (a very fine young man, of about twenty-seven years
of age) pleaded not guilty.
Ist Charge. In having attempted to go out of his quarters
at Fort Cumberland, on or about the night of the Gth day or
December, 1845, when confined thereto for a former offence,
and for having disobeyed the lawful command of (1212,
George Pratt, Corporal 68th Light Infantry, his superior
officer, in refusing to go to the guard-room when ordered ac
to do by the said George Pratt, Corporal, the non-commis.
sioned officer in charge of the guard.
2. For having at Fort Cumberland, at or about the time
stated in the first charge, struck (1212) George Pratt, cor-
poral, 68th Light Infantry, his superior officer, being in the
execution of his duty.
3. For having at Fort Cumberland, at or about the tint(
stated-in the first charge, struck (1736) Mark Lee, a private,
68th Light Infantry, being in the execution of his duty.
Four witnesses in support of the charge were then exa-
mined.
At the conclusion of the prosecution the prisoner was put
on his defence, and stated that on the evening in question
he had been drinking, and that he went to his room and lay
down upon his bed, between the hours of eleven and twelve,
and that he does not remember anything more that occurred.
He further denied having struck either the corporal or pri--
vats, as had he done so with a weapon so heavy as the one
produced in Court (a twelve pound rocket-case, not loaded.
but having the shot attached), some marks must have re-
mained, and private (Mark Lee) who has sworn that be
was streck, has also said that the blow left no mark on his
person.

It appeared by the evidence of Lieutenant and Adjutant
Savage, of the Royal Marine Artillery, that the prisoner has
been previously tried three times by courts-martial, that his
character is very bad, and that he has been about nine years
in the service.

The Court concluded the proceedings at four o'clock this
afternoon, but. the decision come to will not be known until
it has been approved by the Admiralty.
The Court was composed of the under-mentioned offi-
cers :—Colonel M'Callum, Royal Marines, President • Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Swale, Royal Marines ; Lieutenant-Colonel
Gordon, Royal Marines ; Lieutenant-Colonel Hartley, Bth
(king's) Regiment ; Major Campbell, 74th Highlanders :
Captain Dawes, Royal Marines ; Captain M'Beath, 68t1•
Light Infantry ; Captain Campbell, 78th Highlanders ;
Captain Holloway, Royal Marine Artillery ; Captain Elliot.
Royal Marines ; Captain Holder, Bth (King's) Regiment
Lieutenant March, Royal Marines ; Lieutenant Fordyce.
74th Highlanders ; Lieutenant Elliot, Royal Marines ;
Ell-
sign Deering, 68t Light Infantry. Lieutenant Adjutant
Langley officiated as Judge-Advocate.
ROYAL MARINE ARTILLERY.—The Admiralty have just
issued important regulations relating to officers of the
marines, intending to qualify for the artillery companies.
Instead of these officers residing in quarters in Portsmouth
Barracks, as at present, and attending at the Naval Collegf
at specified hours, they are, on the commencement of next
year, to live in the college, and are to be under the same
orders and regulations as the mates of her Majesty's ship
Excellent, who study in that establisxnent for the lieute
nant's commission. Officers who may have previously beer
cadets in the Excellent, when reported qualified for commis-
sions in the corps, and considered elegible to go into the
artillery, are to be disembarked direct to the college, and not
to either of the four divisions to drill, Sic., and will at once
commence the course of study ordered therein for that branch
of the marine corps. When their year of study expires, it
found fit for the Artillery companies, they will join the head-
quarters at Portsmouth ; if not found fit, they will pass to
one of the four divisions, and then commence the customary
drill. Officers of marines who may be selected for the artil-
lery companies, and have not been cadets in the Excellent
are to be embarked in her, to obtain instruction in and gc
through the practical course of gunnery, &c., previous tk
their residence in the Naval College. The Admiralty will
probably limit the number of marine students to six. Tin
foregoing resolutions are to commence after the ensuing
Christmas vacation, and will oniy affect those coming for
ward from the Excellent. In that ship and the college there
are ten officers studying for the Marine Artillery. The va •
cancies amount to eight.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
Captain Henry J. Worth (1840), who was midshipman
of the Venerable, in 1814, at the capture of two French
frigates, and was promoted for his services on the coast of
Syria, in 1840, where he commanded the boats of the Hast-
ings and Edinburgh line-of-battle ships, at the destruction
of a magazine at Beyrout, has been appointed to command
the Calypso, 20, corvette, lately launched at Chatham—tr
have a complement of 200 officers and men.
Captain John Robb (1841), who was midshipman
Naiad, and in her boats served at the destruction of an
gerine brig of war, under the battery of Bona, in 1824, and
distinguished himself at Navarino in command of the Hinde
cutter, when Lieutenant of the Asia flag-ship, has been ap-
pointed to commission the Gladiator steam-frigate, at Wool.
wich—to have a complement of 175 officers and men.
Captain George Henry Seymour, of the Carysfort, 26, at
Portsmouth, has commissioned that ship—to have a comple-
ment of 240.

DEATH OF A VICE-ADMIRAL.—Vice-Admiral of the Blue
James Katon died at Gosport on Sunday. He was midship-
man of the Alcide, at the occupation of Toulon and siege of
St.. Fiorenzo, and was lieutenant of the Courageux in Lord
Hotham's action, In 1795. His commissions are dated.
lieutenant, 18th Feb, 1794; commander, 1798; captain, 23d
Oct. 1801; rear-admiral, 17th August, 1840 ; and vice ad-
miral, 23d Nov., 1841. This gallant officer was on the half-
pay list of rear-admirals

The Avenger, steam-frigate, at Devonport, will be com-
missioned in a few days. She has been taken into dock to
be fitted.

ACCIDENT TO CAPTAIN BULLOCK.—We are sorry to hear
that Captain Bullock, commander of the Porcupine, steam
surveying vessel, has sustained severe injury from accident
tally falling over the quay at Ramsgate. Portunately his
fall was bmken by some warps that were lying across, or it
might have proved most serious.

FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAILS.
BRUSSELS, DEc. 16.—The average price of wheat last
week was 23f. 77c., and that of rye 17f. 98c. per hectolitre.
Seeing that during two successive weeks, from the Ist to
the 15th of December, the average price of wheat has been
between 20 and 24 francs, it follows, according to existing
laws, that the exportation of wheat and flour is permitted,
on payment of a duty of 25 centimes per 1,000 kilogrammes.
The Chamber of Representative entered to-day on the dis-
cussion of the project of law on the treaty concluded between
Belgium and the United States of America. The treaty was
defended by M. Lebeau and the Minister for Foreign Affairs,
and opposed by M. Desenet and the Abbe d'Feore. The de-
bate will be continued to-morrow.

The Senate is convoked for Monday the 20th.
Yesterday the New Royal Academy of the Arts and
Sciences and Belles Lettres was installed by his Majesty it.

The price of potatoes continued to fall in the Brussels
market yesterday, and also at Ghent, and it appears that
the measures taken to increase the supplies, and lower the
prices for the advantage of the working classes, begin to have
a satisfactory effect.
DUTCH FUNDS.—AMISTZIDAY, DEC. 16.
Money. Bills.
Actual Debt, 2% per Cent.— ••• • • 8914 59%
lisitto, 3 per Cent •• • ••••• • • • • • 72% 73%
Ditto, 4 per Cent.. ••• • • •••• • • • • 94 94 yi
Amort Syndic, 4% per Cent..........
Ditto, 35¢ per Cent .
Commercial Company, 45¢ per Cent • • 138% 1595 i
East India Loan, 4 per Cent..........
Exchange on London, at sight .....• • • 12 20
Two m0nth5......... ••• • • • 12 16
On Hamburgh, at sight ... • 35 80
Two m0nth5......... ••• • • • 33 Di 71
On Paris ..
Tw0m0nth5...............
—Dutch Papers, Dec. 17.
PRUSSIAN FUNDS.-13441.1N, Dzc. 13.
Bills. Money.
St. Schuld Sch., 3% per Cont ••.•.• • • • •. 943 97%
Pruss. English Bonds, 1830, 4 per Cent...—.
Foreign Exchanges.
Exchange on London, 41 Sterling, 2 Months. 6 24% 6 24%
Harnburgh, 300 Marks, 2 Months. 149%
Paris, 300 fr., 2 Months •••••• • •• -
-Universal Prussian Gazette, Dec. 17.
BELGIAN FUNDS.—BaussELs, DEc. 17.
Actual Debt, 23 per Cent
Itothschild's Loan, Five per Cent
Lean of Thirty Millions, Four per Cent •• • •
Ditto Three per Cent
Ditto Thirty-soven Millions, ditto ..
Ditto, ditto, 1840 .. • ..... ••••••• • • • • • • • 99%
Ditto, ditto,lB42
Ditto, 1844. .. . .
Ditto, 1436.. • • . •
Ditto, 1838 ............... ....... 74%
Ditto of the City, 1832
Ditto, 1843 •••••• • • • ••
Bank of Belgium .• • ..• ••• • ••
—Brussels Papers, Dgc. Is.

THE APPROACHING ELECTION FOR COMMON
COUnCILMEN IN THE CITY.—The annual election for common
councilmen of the City of London is at the present time ex-
citing considerable intersst in the City, the inhabitants of the
various Wards having expressed their determination tt
oppose all the Old members of the court who are opposed ti
the introduction of articles of food free of duty. In man}
of the Wards new candidates have stood forward solely on the
ground of their being members of the Anti-corn-law League.,
and as such solicit the suffrages of the electors. The conteis
in the several Wards ia expected to be the most severe knowr
for many ears past.
THE MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT AT FORFAR.—We
learn from the Dundee Advertiser of yesterday that Brown.
one of two men who were entombed alive in the well whicl,
they were repairing, was rescued from his perilous situation
on Friday morning last, and that ;-,11 other (Macleish) was
still unextricated, but was understood to be t-;,?..qd. It appear(
that the men were preserved from suffocation by tzi .I?"ings
of the well keeping off the earth from them. Previous
the accident, danger, it is said, was apprehended, and
Macleish was in the act of ascending when the catastrophe
took .place, thus leaving the latter some feet higher ur
than his companion. The operations for their rescue
were superintended by Mr. Leslie, civil engineer, Dundee
who ordered a pit to be sunk about five or six feet frorr
the well, for the purpose of getting as far down as the lower-
most man, it being quite impossible to interfere witl
the well from the top. During the intervening time a
communication with the men was effected Gas pipes were
placed so as to admit of fluids being conveyed to them—
wine, porter, soup, and tea, were thus occasionally supplied
to them, which greatly assisted to keep up their desponding
spirits in a situation so horrible and so hopeless. The
sinking of the new well was carried on with great dili-
gence until Friday morning, when the workmen were lower
down than Brown. Having procured some boring instru-
ments from Arbroath, and some boiler-plate boxes from
Dundee, and having formed a tunnel from the new bore tc
the old well, a btother of Brown's who had come from
Dundee, boldly dashed down, and about four o'clock P.M.
extricated and brought him out. On being brought to the
brink there was a party waiting, who instantly envelope(
him in blankets, and carried him to Mr. Barclay's house,
where medical gentlemen were ready to attend to him. Wt
are informed that he was instantly put into a warm bath, ano
had restoratives administered. It is said that his pulse was
strong and healthy, and that he is rallying wonderfully.
Undivided attention was then given to the case of Macleish.
lie got down a small bell, and rung occasionally fur consola-
tion, information, or refreshinent, which he received through
the gas-pipe. Some bread was also conveyed to him through
a small aperture. About haif-past eight o'clock on Monday
morning, he took some milk ; but he was not heard to speal
or to make any movement afterwards. The bell had ceased
to be heard, and it was too truly inferred that the power tc
ring it had also ceased. At seven o'clock on Moday
evening the body had not been disinterred, but every exer-
tion was being made for that purPose.—Ed. tnburgh Witness or
Wednesday.
ASTLEY'S THEATRE.—The dog Emile, which
proprietor, has
caused considerable sensation at the Theatres des V r' t 6
Cirque
s
and
i s its °
I1)Y Paris, has in 3a
le
arrivedmadearra London-
ngemias ilwithoArris-
llalenr.
Batty for its appearance at Astley, s Theatre during the forth-
coming Christmas holidays.
The Lord Chancellor Lady Lyndhurst, and the
Hon. Miss Copley leave George-street to-day, for Turville-
park. Maidenhead.