The Sun.
London, England, 1827-08-21 00:00:00

r

No. 10,902.

PRICE 7D.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.
(From the Constitutionnel.)
"From Marseilles, under date of the 10th Aug.
we learn—` There is nothing new relative to the
blockade of Algiers, which appears not to be
strictly observed, since the corsairs sail in and out
at pleasure, contenting themselves, however, with
keeping on the out-look and snaking no long cruises.
—With regard to those of Oran and other towns of
Barbary, some are to be seen in the Straits and in
the ocean. Convoys for merchantmen are furnished
reglarly on the 10th and 25th of each month for
the Straits and beyond them ; and on the 30th for
the Levant and the Archipelago. The following
deposition has been made at the Intendancy of
Health :—Captain William Lee, an American, dis-
charged a cargo of provisions for the Greek Govern-
ment at Poros, whence he sailed on the 18th July.
—He declared, that on the 18th a Greek squadron
from Alexandria, under the command of Lord
Cochrane, had been laid up there, and that Lord
Cochrane had put to sea with his frigate only.—
This news appears extraordinary; but Captain Lee
being under quarantine could not be interrogated
as to the details.

(From the Gazette de France, dated Sunday, Aug. 19.)
" FRANKFORT, AUG. 13.—The Journal de
Frankfort, after repeating an article on Portugal,
which has appeared in the Gazette de France and
the Moniteur, adds—' There is another document,
which the Gazette de France does not quote,
though it is much anterior to the others, and posi-
tively decides the question—we mean the treaty
concluded on the 29th of August, between Don
John .VI. and Dori Pedro. This treaty stipulates
that the Crowns of Portugal and Brazil form two
separate States, independent of each other. At the
death of Don John VI., therefore, Don Pedro had
only the option between the two Crowns, and the
moment he decided for Brazil he had nat the least
right whatever to Portugal : his abdication became
useless; he could neither dispose of the Crown in
favour of his daughter, nor give a constitution to
Portugal, nor nominate a Regency, since his option
of Brazil was an express denunciation of Portugal,
which devolved in full right on his brother Don
Miguel. By performing all these acts of sovereignty,
Don Pedro held at once the Crowns of Portu-
gal and Brazil, which is evidently contrary to the
stipulations of this treaty. Why did not the Conti-
nental Cabinets insist on the stipulations when Sir
Charles Stuart arrived at Lisbon; armed with this
Constitution (which is a germ of discord for Portu-
gal) and thus baffle the policy of Mr. Canning?
" The Diet held its last sitting previous to the
vacation, on the 10th of this month.

" The Viscount de St. Priest, who ie appointed
Minister from France to the Court of Madrid, has
arrived here from Berlin. Lord Stanhope is also
here.

" DRESDEN, AUG. 6.—His Majesty the King of
Prussia, to avoid the solemnities which would have
taken place at Toplitz on his birth-day, left that
place on the 2d. His Majesty made a tour in the
Saxon Switzerland before he came here.

" The exhibition of works of art opened yesterday.
The publication of the Royal rescript relative to the
rights of the subjects with respect to their religion,
has produced an excellent effect throughout the
whole kingdom.
" PARIS, AUG. IS.-" Colonel Bourbaki, who was
taken prisoner by the Turk.;, and whose death has
been announced, is on his return to France.

" A letter from Berlin says—' It is reported that
a Russian Councillor of State, who passed a day or
two ago through this city, takes to London the rati-
fication of the treaty for the pacification of Greece.
Travellers affirm that the bead-quarters of the first
Russian army are removed from Mohilow to Kiew.'"

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►ISMISS.IL OF
MINISTRY.

The facts contained in the following statement
are derived chiefly from the infcrrmation of a very
intimate friend of General Saldanha's. On th
greatest part of them I can place the most implicit
reliance, and with respect to the rest, if their ac-
curacy cannot be so safely guaranteed, their proba-
bility will be generally admitted. The whole af-
fords a curious picture of the manner in which af-
fairs of state and changes of administration may be
conducted under the government of an inexperi-
enced Princess, and an unprincipled set of favourites,
where, though a Constitution exists, public opinion
has no organs, and the people no effectual coatrol.
It will be remembered, that General Saldanha,
whose own influence had been for some time tot.
tering, had, about the beginnings of June, by his
spirited conduct and manly exposure of the state of
the Government in the presence of the Princess
Regent, and of his colleagues, not only recovered
the ground which he had lost in the, favour of the
former, but had actually gained the ascendancy, and
turned out the latter. The new. cabinet which was
formed, and which included himself, was not of his
dictation only, because he declined further inter-
ference; but he was himself considered as secure in
his place and influence. Doing, very properly, as
little as possible in the Foreign-office, (of which he
held the seals only provisionally,, and with the busi-
ness of which he was but slenderly acquainted), he
devoted all his care to the army, which he could
now manage and superintend with more effect than
when acting under the control of his late colleagues.
About the 20th of June a person called upon him,
and, requesting a private interview, informed him
that he knew, from unquestionable authority, of a
plot to seduce the 7th Regiment—that 50 of the
soldiers and two subalterns' had been already gained
over, and had agreed to set out on the 25th or 26th
for Spain—that boats were engaged to carry them
across the Tagus,and that they would eeebaxk at a
particular hour rom the quay below the Castle.
This person likewise gave the General the names
of the two agents who had treated with the sol-
diers, and purchased their desertion. Saldanha
immediately wrote to the Intendant of Police on
the subject; told him that he had heard such
things were going forward; gave him the names
of the two apostolical agents ; and begged hire
to charge his secret police with the detection
of the plot, and the discovery of evidence to
convict the conspirators. The Intendant, Bas-
tos, returned him a very civil note, assuring him
that the whole story was a fabrication, begat upon
the suspicion or bad faith of some ultra-liberal; that
his secret police was on the alert, and had disco-
vered nothing of the kind; that no agitators were
seen to frequent the quarters of the, soldiers; and
that the General might rest assured the spirit of all
the troops in the garrison was the best possible.
On the receipt of this letter the General sent for
his informant, mentioned to him the assurances of
the head of the police, and explained to him the
danger of spreading calumnious reports respecting
the faithful defenders of the Charter. The man,
notwithstanding this contradictory authority, per-
silted in the accuracy ,of his original statement,
and assured Saldanha of the time fixed for the de-
sertion of the party. The Minister thinking it im-
prudent altogether to neglect information so reso-
lutely supported, merely upon a general assurance
to the contrary, then proposed to place at the dis-
posal of his informant a sufficient force to arrest the
fugitives should they desert their quarters, and com-
mence their flight, describing to him at the same
time the penalties to which he exposed himself,
should his statement turn out to be false, should
the confidence of Government be abused, and the
character of the army be wantonly aspersed. The
informer accepted the proposal, or rather under-
dertook the enterprise, with all its emblazoned
risks; and Saldanba immediately wrote an order
to two officers commanding two companies of in-
fantry (about one hundred men), and to an officer
commanding a squadron of horse (about thirty), to
be in readiness to act on the information of the
bearer of the message on the night which he had
mentioned as that fixed upon for the desertion.
They were, of course, required not to divulge the
contents of this order. On the night in question
(which, if I remember right, was Tuesday, the
26th of June) about 30 of the soldiers who had
been seduced, left their quarters, and were arrested
in the very boats which they bad engaged to trans-
port them across the Tagus. This was th• party
whose trial and punishment I so fully described to
you in a former letter. The conduct of the Intend-
ant of Police had been very suspicious for several
months before. He had never given any infertile-
don to the Government respecting the proceedings
of the enemies of order, and had employed his secret
police rather to stifle the evidence against them
than to detect and counteract their manoeuvres.
This striking instance of negligence or perfidy
fully confirmed former suspicions, and induced
Saldanha to think of displacing him for some more
active or faithful Minister, whose vigilance and at-
tachment to the Charter might be relied on in the
existing crisis. After the punishment of the deserters,
he accordingly called together a Council of Minis-
ters, and laid before them a statement of the informa-
tion which he had received respecting the inten-
tion of the soldiers to desert, together with the
names of their seducers, a copy of the In-
tendant's letter, denying that any such machina-
tions were going forward, and an official pro-
ces verbal of the evidence taken at the trial, con-
firmatory of the former, and falsifying the latter.
After enlarging a little on the former conduct of the
Intendant, he asked if the immense power and dan-
gerous influence of
.the police during. such times
could safely be continued in such hands ? Here was
evidence that lie was either negligent of his duty,
and "did not know what he ought to have been ac-
quainted with, or that he had betrayed his trust, and
was willingly exposing the Government to jeopardy.
In either case was he a man fit for being continued
in office, and intrusted with the, custody of the
public peace, as well as the large. sums spent in se-
cret services? The Council unanimously Concurred
with Saldanha in the opinion that the Princess
should be addressed for his removal, and that a
more efficient substitute should be appointed. After
the qualifications of several candidates had been dis-
cussed, the voice of the Council fell upon a disem-
bargador of the name of Antonio Thomaz de Silva
Leitao, a staunch Constitutionalist. As the courts
of justice were nearly in a. state of insurrection
against the Charter, neglecting to prepare the waY
for opening their proceedings to the public, and ac-
quitting every enemy of the new order of things
brought before them, Saldanha at the same time pro-
posed that the place of Regidor da Justice, which
has been for some time vacant, should be imines
bad formerly
diately filled up by a man of vigour. and talent, whO
would see that the judges did their duty, and en-
force salutary reforms. Such a man was, in his
thethe Council
made out
decreesal y, askedwe r
etod i fa
be
opinion,_ Pedro Mello Breyner, who
occupied the same, situation, at Oporto, and had
lately been Minister, of Justice. The Council of
Ministers likewise agreed this proposition. The
who_then resided at Berafica, wag
immediately Regent, •
immediately addressed on the subject, and informed
of the resolution of the Cabinet with respect to the
for tin,
signature. This was about the 7th or Bth
of July, a few days before she set for C
out aides ---
,
The decrees were accordingly drawn up
and sent
her for the two 'appointments of Leitao d Mello
Breyner, the fonner including, of course,an h
wast°
uaonPra nTeii ordered appointments:
necessarySbhen only
missal of Bastos.
On various pretexts she
delayedtetbs-
to sign them before she left Bemfica. On her de-
parture she erdered them to be • d
came among her
other papers to Caldas. From Calclas various docu-
ments were transmitted with her signature; but the
two anxiously-looked for demos, which were to de.'
side, the fate of Justice 'and Police, never arrived.—
Tiiennistuoi the Interior Sant *a ni(Sald h
rc an a one-

1)61,011'0a to Cahill, r&Yn 'a
-enured
with the Council lathe proposeelmeaures,had done no-
thing to carry them into execution. Saldanha, anxious
About his darling decreeeeafid thinking that the Princess
might be stimulated *oy public opinion to hasten an
act which policy had dictated, and to which ties tract
already consented, gave a hint of the litteedent's
4ismissel to the journal called the Portuguez. This
'as the first notice which Banos had of his intended
disgrace. He immettlettly took the giant, iced put-
ting a copy of the-journal in hia Iny.4".sei-, hastened off
to Caitiffs to see the Princesa tr some of those at-
tereiants into whose reeeleets scandal accuses him of
diverting some •of that secret service motley whieb
last year tundetnted to more than 10"C°. tffime-
elistely een his arrival, he contrived tei Nye an inter-
vie'c with one of the Gamer illas (for I must here use
the language now in eogere to designate the little
'knot of attendants who make a traffic of the Regent's
favours), by name --, and described the misfortune
with which ehe and he were threatened. This lady
vequested his Eminence not to see the Prineces that
day, but to wait till she and her friende had prepared
else Royal mind to treat properly his pretensions.—
Report adds, that the Intendant carried with him
to this interview the sum of six mettle reis,
(or about 1,6001.) and that he broeght back none
,ef it; but whither he employed it as an eloquent
'figure of speech to support his pretensions, or left
et for distribution among the poor at Cables, is not
with certainty known. In the mean time, the Prin-
cess was apprized of the Intendant's merits, of his
attachment to the person and fabeernment "of her
Royal Highness, and of the manner in winkle he
had watched or put down the libeled dubs, where
her character and conduct A•tre discussed with a
licentious and jacobinical freedom, of which she
A:mild have no concepticin. The Intendant, by al--
rengement with his friend, came to have hit au-
dience next morning, with better inward hopes, but
with great professed humility, and apparent depres-
sion of spirits. After kiseing hands, he stated to
/ter, that he w' tinite unconscious of having done
any thing to nretit the high displeasure of his Royal
Mistress,—that no man in her dominions was more
zealous in her service,—and that his dismissal,
which she had resolved upon, would riot alter the
profownd respect and regard which he entertained for
leer person and interests. " Have you then seen the
decrees ?" asked her Royal Highness. " No, I hare
not, but I have even the Portugucz newspaper."
" And prayehow did the fact of my intentions or
councils get there "No doubt, please your Royal
Highness, through John Carlos Saldanha, your
'Minister of War, who frequents the liberal clubs, and
is connected with that and other liberal journals.
The information, I have been told, was sent to the
Poi tuguez' in this instance, not directly by the Mi-
nister, but from the Paulo Mb, in which, as I have
been informed by my sc(7;et agents, the character of
your Royal Highness is nightly traduced, and the
causes of your late illness nightly discussed in no
very measuraea or respectful terms." After sonic
further conversation of this kind, in which Saldanha
was made out to be a tool in the hands of-the Jaco-
bins and Freemasons, her Royal Highness assured
the Intendant that she had thought better of the pro-
posal to dismiss him; that she was quite satisfied
with his loyalty and zeal; that from the good character
which she had heard of him, she would be more cau-
tious in future in listening to the calumnies of his
rnemies; and that he might return home to continue
his useful labours, without fear or suspicion of
losing her favour.
In the mean time some more decrees arrived re-

lating to the army, and still those respecting the
-new appointments were delayed. Saldauha, as lie
. Wad been the first to propose the measures in ques-
tion. felt his honour piqued at seeing the engage-
ment of the Princess either violated or remaining
unfulfilled. He, therefore, contrary to the advice of
those of his friends who consulted more his place
than his honour, resolved to go to Caldas on Friday
se'nnight, and to obtain an explanation of the delay
from the lips of her Royal Highness in a personal
interview. Ha arrived on Friday evening, and saw
the Princess immediately after. She received him
very graciously, and appointed an audience for next
slay. He waited upon her accordingly, andobtained
her signature to a great variety of papers connected
wits the War Department, some of which are still
in the progress of publication. Seeing that she
never alluded to the two 'decrees, he asked her Royal
Highness whether she had yet signed them. She
replied in the negative, but added, that they were
still under consideration. The Minister' then ven-
tured to represent to her their importance to her
service, the unanimity with which her Cabinet
bad agreed to them, and the anxiety which
he personally felt that they should be executed
at a crisis when agitators were busy, and
police and justice apparently asleep. He added,
that if her Royal Highness could not be made
to see the matter in the same light with the
Cabinet, he, for one, would not be respon-
sible for the Government of the country, and
must humbly tender his resignation. To this she
replied that she could not now come to a decision,
but that an answer would be sent after him to Lis-
bon. The General left Caldas on Saturday evening,
and having travelled all night, 'arrived at his own
house about nine o'clock on Sunday morning. He
immediately went to bed, and desired Madame Sal-
danha to say to his inquiring friends that he was
well, and that he considered himself to have suc-
ceeded in the object for which he had gone to
Caldas. During Sunday and Monday no courier ar-
rived, nor was any message sent from the Princess.
The Minister's operations were, of course,paralyzed,
and he did nothingin the interval but arrange his
papers and consult with some of his friends. On
Tuesday morning, about nine o'clock, he received a
private note from the Conde de Camarido, who now
acts 6,s Chamberlain to the Princess, stating that
her Royal Highness had been pleased to accept his
resignation. By the courier which brought this
note two decrees reached the Home Office,
because the Minister of the Interior resides
now at Caldas, and may be called the Minister
in Waiting. One of these decrees was sent
Saldanha in the afternoon. The other was exceed-
ingly laconic, and 'appointed the former substitute
of Saldanha as the interim -Minister of War. It

ran in these words—" Having thought proper to ex-
onerate John Carlos Saldanha from the charge of
Minister, I am pleased to nominate Jose Candido
-Xavier as interim Minister of that Department."—
This decree has never been published, and remains
in the archives of Government as a monument of
unexecuted folly. The news spread, and by four
o'clock in the afternoon the fact of the dismissal be-
came generally known: The General thought it best
to leave Lisbon that night, lest his presence might
cause it to be suspected that he favoured any expres-
sion of popular sentiment. He was, however, pre-
vailed upon to wait till Wednesday morning, when,
at three o'clock, be set out for Cintra, where he was
received with great favour and distinction. It hap-
pened that a house at Collares, belonging to a gen-
tleman at Cintra, was vacant, and the General took
it for himself and family, as being more retired than
a residence at an inn.
Saldanha, it appears, apprehended that he would
not be continued in the Ministry' after the arrival of
the Marquis of Palmella ; but he expected, at least,
to retire with some mark of distinction—to be pro..
moted a step in the army, or to be appointed the go-
vernor of a province : he never anticpated that he
would be dismissed in the uticeremonious manner
above described.
Another fact not less striking is, that his own
nephew, the Minister of the Interior, should be the
Sent to sign the decree for his dismissal, especially
as he had cordially concurred in the necessity of the
Lanmeasures, on the non-execution of which the
had placed the alternative of his resigna-
tion.princrell'eyi the Cabinet (as they ought) pressed the
Princess for the fulfilment of her engagement, she
could not have resisted ; and here we have another
instance of that
the Marquis of meant of a united responsibility which
his joining the Adirnlettrahat! made the condition of
Who was to,be the MinisterL of War,after the se-
cond ilderrertum of XaTior was not probably de-

termined upon. It is certain that the appointment
of the Conde da Ponce, who has been,. Ro.,lur.:kr, or
so unlucky, as to succeed m two V.,.0ft.r6,1i05; Was an
afterqhought off' thetm aarilla to appease the po-
016' -arzeontpnt. The Count as the nephew of
3aidanha, and the brother7in-law of. Santarem, the
Minister of the Interior, appeared to Ham, x :connecting
link bet Ween flip (7.. graced Minister and his more
eaSy-trnpered colleagues.

AUGUST 2.—The decree for the dismissal of Sal-
danha has been at last published, after
has been in office for t;ian a week. It differs
from i'fic.:•'Ze of which I have above given an
account, though it is the same that was sent to the
ex-Minister. The brief document, removing him
from his place, and appointing an interim successor
in the person of Jose Canditlo Xeyi2r; Wa:s kilt to
the Horno-office, YvaS seen by a gentleman
of nt :,:eqUainlance. The refusal of Xavier, and the
events which followed,- have of course made 7anta-
retn to cancel it. It will not therefore have
the honour of a place in the Torre do Tombo (Or the
Tower of the Records), df Santaretn, before
he was ?pp.dinted Minister of the Interior, made an
excellent keeper. In allusion to his failure as a
Minister, a malicious punster might observe, that
the Torre de Tombo was his fort.

LISBON, AuG, I.

THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE PROMULGATION
OF THE CHARTER-ARRESTS AT LISBON-

NEWS FROM OPORTO, Sze.

The Charter having received probably a mortal
blow by the late and present proceedings of the Go-
vernment, yesterday (the annieureary of its promul-
gation) was choten as a proper occasion to shout
" Long life to it." The guns of the Castle and of
the ships of war in the river fired the usual salutes
at day-break, at noon, and at sun-set. The English
ships of war hoisted their colours, and added their
salvos to those of our Allies. The Portuguese and
Brazilian merchantmen likewise displayed their
colours. At six o'clock in the afternoon a parade
of all the troops of the garrison took place in the
great square, in which they had so recently dis-
persed the people. Count Villa Flor, the Minister
of War, and several other officers of distinction,
rode round the lines, and inspected the regiments.—
The
Count gave a viva to the Constitetional
Charter, which was echoed by all the troops and by
the surrounding multitude. Having on a former
occasion added the name of the Princess Regent,
finding that the people remained mute, he did not
choose to risk a second time the declaration of her
unpopularity by a pause of expressive silence.
Towards dusk the different regiments were marched
off to their• quarters, with the exception of a strong
party, which was to binmack for the night in the
square, or tinder the porticoes of the public offices.
New pieces, adapted to the occasion, and afford-
ing allegorical representations of the event which
the day was set apart to celebrate, were announced
for the two chief theatres. That of St. Carlos, or
the Opera-house, was of course the chief object of
attraction. The theatre was doubly lighted; the
Royal Tribune was exposed to view ; and the house
was crowded in every pie. Could you believe it,
sinless, like the spectators of the Lisbon theatre, you
had been so happy as to see it, that the Portuguese
Charter, like a piece of plate armour, had to be
softened in a bellows-blown fire, and hammered into
shape by a body of infernal blacksmiths, who made their
anvils ring with the alternate strokes of their brawny
arms ? When the precious constitutional piece is
fabricated, it is presented by Minerva to the Genius
of Portugal, who, on inquiring the original schemer
of the work, is directed to look at the portrait of the
Emperor, descending from the clouds on the
wings of angels. This termination of the alle-
gory was of course welcomed with loud accla-
mations to Don Pedro and the Charter. The Con-
stitutional Hymn was then sung by the whole mob
of gods and goddesses ; and the curtain dropped.
Now was the time for the amateur performers.
Three of them presented themselves on this occa-
sion—our old friend Bonjardin, a Senhor Simval,
and a Senhor Castillo. Bonjardin began the enter-
tainment, and calling on the stage-manager to draw
up the curtain, as the Emperor's portrait was one of
the figures of his sonnet, or at least necessary to its
success, made an appropriate address to the cloud-
capped picture of his Majesty. The two other gen-
tlemen responded in similar strains from one of the
benches in the pit. One of them, apostrophizing
the Princess Regent, told her that though evil
councillors had surprised her inexperience, Portugal
still relied upon her virtues. Every sonnet was fol-
lowed by shouts of applause, and no endeavour was
made to disturb the loyal and patriotic enjoyment of
the audience. What, then, must have Leen the
surprise of the sonnetteers, when, in coming out of
the theatre, they were apprised that warrants had
been signed for their apprehension, and that the
officers were in pursuit of them. By an edict of
Police, all recitations of verses, and all shouting of
rims in the theatres and public places, are now pro-
hibited, unless the verses are approved by the
Intendant, or the viva given by the permission of
the authorities.
This edict, however, to unpoetical people, can be
no great calamity, and infers no great oppression;
but the other proceedings of the Intendant, both on
Monday, last night, and this morning, are not so
easily justified. Arrests have been going on, and
the prisons are filling, as if Government had just
terminated a civil war, or a sanguinary rebellion.—
No less than between forty and fifty citizens are al-
ready in the Limoeiro for shouting the Charter, Don
Pedro, and Saldanha; and the lists of proscription
are said to include a great number more. The
parties are hurried off to prison without knowing
the specific charges against them, without being
taken before a magistrate, or without having the
power of demanding a trial. The Charter, if ever
it had anything to do with the protection of the li-
berty of the citizen, is openly violated, and the
revenge of the Intendant is the rule of law. The
influence of the new Constitution has never yet pe-
netrated to the recesses of the police, the bench of
justice, or the cells of imprisonment. Consequently
these men, dragged from their homes by the police,
neglected by the tribunals, and consigned to a dun-
geon, may be confined as long as the Government
chooses. And what a species of confinement ! I
have more than once alluded to the disgraceful state
of the prisons of Lisbon and neighbourhood; but I find
by a conversation which I had yesterday with a magis-
trate and an ex-Minister of Justice that I had not re-
presented half their horrors. In some of them, persons
who have suffered a confinement of 15 days come out
so altered, that they can scarcely be recognized by
their friends. Their colour is changed to a cadaver-
ous hue; and if they escape immediate danger, they
are frequently diseased for life. In the dungeon of
the Tower of Belem, the sea enters at high water;
so that the prisoners are obliged to get upon steps to
avoid its flow, and to cling to the wall till the ebb
takes place. One of the prisoners some time ago
died of such treatment, and as the gaoler refused to
take the trouble of removing the body, the survi-
vors, in order to avoid pestilence, were obliged te
cut it into small pieces and throw it into the water,
that it 'might be carried away by the tide. The
dungeon of the Limoeiro, the common gaol of Lis-
bon, is nearly as bad as any of them. A man whO
has once seen it, would nearly as soon be racked on
the wheel, or suffer the tortures of the Inquisition,
as he confined in it for a week, amid naked and
starving wretches, who, like wild beasts in a den,
can only be kept from tearing one another by the
superior violence of their keepers. Yet into this
place may the most respectable men in Lisbon be
thrown for crying viva to an ex-Minister, unless he
has money or influence to obtain a better place from
the gaoler. If this goes on, the public will have
reason to regret the death of King John, and the
termination of the ancient regime.
In the Gazette of this morning, there is an official
declaration that two individuals had been taken up
for the seditious cry of " Long live the Infant Don
Miguel, our absolute King," and on this arrest the
Government founds its claim to impartiality.
Amid the late expression of public feeling at Lis-
bon, great fears were entertained for the tranquillity

of Oporto, as, soon as the ne}v,B of Salclanha's dismisss',.l should i achthat city. Happily, however, these
fears have not been realised to any extent. At
half-past eight o'clock on the evening of th.e
the bodY of commercial volunteers, called Don Pedro'S
Cots, te7:ther with a great concourse or respecta-
ble citizens, proceeded to the house of General
Stubbs, the Military Governor of the city, rending
the air with acclamations to the Charter, the Em-
peror, and the ex-Minister Saldanha, General Stubbs;
Ir'viug appeared, they besought him to present their
humble solicitations to the Princess Regent, that she
would recall Saldanha
ipgain to her councils. The
Governor promised compliance. The assemblage
then obtained torches from the quarters of the
soldiers, and paraded the streets to the number of
.;!sr)00, singing. the Constitutional Hymn, and shout-
ing virus to Don Pedro IV., whose picture appeared
in transparency at the windows of some of the houses
by which they passed. The soldiers mixed with
the people, and joined in their acclamations, The
omitnanders of all the detachments of troops in
Oporto went to the Governor, and renewed their
solemn engagements to defend to the last the cause
of Don Pedro IV. and the institutions which he had
given to Portugal.
A report is spread that Stubbs has been displaced
consognenco of his conduct, but it rests as Yet upon
ho respectable authority. Meanwhile the Ministry
here are floundering on from bad to worse. There
seems to be a perfect anarchy among the members
of the Cabinet. The Bishop of Algarve threatens
to resign the Seals of Justice, because the Intendant,
nastos, has imprisoned more persons than his reve-
rence thought necessary; and the new Minister of
War, not satisfied with two portfolios, has made a
dashing inroad into the Hame Department, to re-
prehend the censor for allowing some obnoxious ar-
ticles to be inserted in the Gazette.
LISBON, Aueusr R.

OCCURRENCES OF THE DAY-CONTINUED

AIIRESTS—NEW APPOINTMENTS, &c.

The edict of the Intendant, interfering with the
theatrical amusements of the people, has jest had the
effect which might have been expected—it has driven
away from them the play-goers. Some of the persons
under arrest in the Limoeiro for the late transactions
have to-day received a paper called their Capa, or
notice for the first time of the charges against them.
These charges are for rioting, and not dispersing
when ordered by the authorities. No witnesses'
anes are given, nor is any time assigned for in-
quiring into the truth of the accusation. They all
wait, therefore, the pleasure or convenience of the
tribunals, to take their trials, as the Charter has not
yet provided them with a Habeas Corpus Act. By
the forms of procedure in the Relacao, they never
even see their accusers or the witnesses on whose,
testimony their fate depends. Two constitutional
priests are among the number of the prisoners : one
called Delgado, and the other Bonaventura.
Troops still continue to bivonack before the pub-
lic offices, as if the city was in military possession
of an enemy; and the Intendant's house (which I
passed last night) is better guarded than any of the
castles on the Spanish frontier. The arrests still
continue, though the slow bounds of the police often
lose their scent, and are beginning to relax in their
chase. They are still in hot pursuit, however, of a
person of the name of Sousa, who, according to the
Intendant, is a noted agitator. The report is again
renewed, that the Bishop of Algarve, Minister of
Justice, indignant at the multiplication of unneces-
sary imprisonments, and offended at the conduct of
the Intendant for ordering them without his sanc-
tion, has tendered his resignation. I have not been
able to ascertain the truth of this rumour; but the
Bishop has done so little, that if he resigns, the na-
tion will easily be resigned to the loss of his services.
I mentioned to you sometime ago the singular
good fortune of two Court favourites—Bastos,
the Intendant, who was appointed a Disemberga-
dor do Paco over the heads of 300 or 400
judges, corregidors, and disembergadors ; and Dr.
Carvalho, whose medical services about the Prin-
cess were thought deserving of a place at.
the Board of Trade. I was not ,aware at. the
time of the full enormity of the first appointment, nor
of its total inconsistency with the principles of the
new Constitution. The 130th article of the charter,
in fact, goes to the abolition of the junta called the
" Disembargo do Paco," and orders " a Supreme
Tribunal of Justice," as the highest court of judicial
appeal. The "Disembargo do Paco" was thus only
to continue for a year or two, till the Government
and the Legislature had time to make the necessary
arrangements for the change. Yet, in the very face
of this article, a favourite is not only lifted over the
heads of some hundreds of his fellows who were a
step above him, but either obtains a sinecure for life
as a reward for enjoying a provisional sinecure for a
year, or becomes a member of the new Supreme
Court, without the qualifications requisite to discharge
its duties. With respect to Dr. Carvalho, his rapid
advancement to employments for which the God of
Medicine himself could not have fitted him, is still
more extraordinary. With a bolus in one hand, and
the patent of the Princess in the other, he enters, as a
deputado, the junta of commerce, to the surprise of all
its old members. He is no sooner there, than,
looking about for opportunities of serving the state
and himself in his new capacity, he discovers that
there is a vacancy in the office of Provedor dos Segu-
ros (or Exclusive Broker and Judge of Insurances),
and that being a sinecure, he could fill this place as
well as any body. He immediately applied to his Royal
Mistress and patient, who can deny him nothing,
and was instituted by her Supreme Judge of In-
surances. Nay, what is more extraordinary, he
found a Minister to countersign the decree. The
Board of Trade have remonstrated strongly against
this appointment, and have hitherto resisted time exe-
cution of the decree. In animadverting upon these
two appointments so prominently, I need scarcely
beg it to he understood that each manifests the
power of corrupt favourites at Court, and the base-
ness or weakness of a disapproving Cabinet.
The Princess Regent leaves Caldas on Monday
to proceed to Mafia, the palace of which she has
ordered to be prepared for her reception. A party
of the Lancers are now with her, and will accom-
panrher to her new residence.
All the British troops will be within the lines of
Torres Vedras immediately, if they have not already
passed them from the north. Lisbon, Belem,
Oyeiras, Cascaes, Mafra, Villa Franca, and Louras,
are to be the stations of the different detachments ;
head-quarters, of course, remaining in the capital.
The Tenth Hussars have been for some time at
Belem.

LISBON, AUGUST 4, Saturday afternoon.

OCCURRENCES OF THE DAY-CONDUCT OF

THE AUTHORITIES.

In the course of the last two months we have
had here three Foreign Ministers, during a period
of most important negociation for Portugal, with two
of whom, of course, no foreign Government could
enter into any kind of confidential communication.
When the Marquis of Paltnella comes, another entire
change of Ministry will most likely become neces-
sary; and what a satire it conveys on a Constitu-
tional system, or a Constitutional Princos, to say
that she or it requires a Cabinet more changeable
than the moon ! Her Royal Highness was left
without a Minister of War—Count Villa Flor re-
fused to accept—and, in despair, she was driven to
take a Colonel of Cavalry,, merely because he was the
nephew of her disgraced Minister, and had acquired
a little popularity by his speeches in the Chamber
of Peers. But any course was preferable to that of
taking back an obnoxious servant, merely because
his popularity appeared to render his dismissal dan-
gerous. When, therefore, his reinstatement was
pressed upon her as a measure of safety,-she showed
a spirit which could not well have been expected
from her usual timidity and inexperience, declaring
that she would abdicate the Regency rather than re-
ceive her Ministers at the dictation of a shouting
mob; that she would proceed to Cintra, escorted
by an English guard, and would surrender her
trust into the hands of the next person to whom
the Constitutional Charter gave the right of

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