The Sun.
London, England, 1842-01-04 00:00:00

THE SUN,. -LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 4, 1842.

vEy of Macclesfield, who was speaking, rejoined,
"So say I : I am as willing as any of you to get
possession of the 'land." The landlords, then,
should watch the progress of the sentiments of
the manufacturers. They refuse to do justice
to the people by repealing the ,Corn-laws, and
the people have already gone a step beyond that,
and now demand compensation for the injury
the Corn-laws have inflicted on them. :They
are beginning, too, it appears, to demand pos-
session of the land. They are driven, by the
obstinacy of the landlords in wrong, to attack
the landlords' right of propeity, which they
have most stupidly blended with Corn-laws; and
the former, like the latter, is now treated as a
legal, injustice. If they imagine that their rights,
when objected to by the people, can protect
themselves, or that they can protect them, they
are mistaken. The only security for any rights
is the public sanction, and any rights from which
this is withdrawn soon fall into desuetude. The
landlords may possibly' though that now
doubtful—save their estates by giving up the
Corn-law ; but it will be impossible to preserve
them if they persist in maintaining the law.
We may add, that we learn from an Edin-
burgh paper that both Mr. HUME and Mr. VIL-
LIERS have declined attending the Anti-Corn-
law Conference in Edinburgh—the former be-
cause he is engaged, and the latter because his
professional business, and the state of his health,
will not allow him to attend. Mr. HUME recom-
mends, as a general rule, that such meet-
ings should be confined to persons of the
localities, in order to prevent the assertion that
they are got up by strangers. Mr. VILLIERS, in
declining, justly compliments the members of the
Conference, by expressing a doubt whether he
could add anything to the sound judgment, in-
telligence, and information, they are likely to
display.

The official columns of the .Moniteur of Sun-
day are filled with the New Year's-day Ad-
dresses presented to the King of the FRENCH,
with the answers of his MAJESTY thereto. The
main subject of most of these is, GOD knows, as
hacknied as it is deplorable. They have, for the
most part, but this burthen :—That all who ap-
proach the foot of the throne are rejoiced that
he who_ sits upon it has passed another year
without being assassinated, in which sentiment
the KING of course cordially joins. The diplo-
matic body has always, as its organ, the oldest
Ambassador, and accordingly, on this occasion,
the Marquis de BRIGNOLE SALE, the Sardinian
Envoy, read the Address to his MAJESTY. Apart
from congratulations on the escape of .the Kixo
and the Royal Princes, it merely contains the
following allusion to the Treaty of the Great
Powers :—" This year has also seen the union of
the Cabinets more closely together Lan union so
necessary for the repose of the people and the
preservation of peace." There is no error on the
side of frankness in such a diplomatic com-
mon-place as this. The KING, in his answer, is
more explicit. His MAJESTY says :—" The year
1841 bequeaths us happy results. It has seen the
Cabinets afford by their accord a fresh pledge of
general peace, and I have the confidence that
we shall preserve it from every assault." We
reciprocate this benevolent wish. After twenty-
six years of peace, Europe never stood more in
need of its continuance than now, and several
recent acts of the French Government prove the
wishes of the KING to be sincere. The Address,
of the Peers is less commonplace than usual,
probably because it was written as well as read
by the Duke DE BROGLIE, who aims at the repu-
tation of a philosopher. Why Baron PAsQUIER
had not such a task assigned him we cannot tell.
We quote this Address :
Sire,—To found a free and regular Government is a
laborious work. The wisdom of Princes, the interest of
the people, and the enlightened vigilance of the public
powers do not alone suffice for it. The protection of God
is also necessary, and the help of time. What man be-
gins time alone completes and strengthens. We bless
this new year, which has just increased the number of
the years that your reign already comprises. We return
thanks to Him, whose goodness has preserved your life
for us, and preserved your children for our children. The
past is a guarantee to us fur the future. We have a good
cause, and we shall have good success. There is nothing,
moreover, in the aspect of the times which seems to an-
nounce fresh storms, and nothing interdicts us from the
joys and hopes of such a day as this. To-morrow we
shall resume our labours, and this day we are bearers to
you of the good wishes of France.
To which the KING replies:—

It was, as you state, a laborious work to found in
France a free and regular Government. The support
that I have always found in the Chamber of Peers has
been one of the greatest means at arriving at this end.
This Government will receive by its duration that con-
secration of stability which, by discouraging the factious,
will finish by confirming, on authority, the necessary
rigour to maintain the laws, to cause the rights of all to
be respected, and to repress those incessant attacks on
property which might shake society to its very founda-
tion. The noble attitude of the Chamber of Peers ought
to inspire salutary confidence that the throne to which
France has raised me, for the guarantee of her laws
and of her liberties, cannot be attacked by these mise-
rable attempts, and that we shall continue to disconcert
the guilty secret practices of those who turn to account a
credulous ignorance to accredit the success of their
sinister projects.
_ _ _

Had any foreign representative body dared to
apply such language to France, as is here ad-
dressed to her by the Court of Peers and the
KING, what a shout of execration would be raised
from Brest to Strasburg, and from Dunkirk to
Toulon! What a fury would seize the Press ! How
the Deputies would storm! and how the cry of
"To arms, and crush the foul libeller of the
most civilized people in the world, would resound
throughout France ! It is wholesome for
people sometimes to know what their friends
think of them, and France may not be the
worse for learning what is thought of her
boasted civilization by her KING and her Cham-
ber of Peers. The Address of the Deputies is a
sort of congratulatory political hodge-podge,
framed on the model of an answer to a Speech
from the Throne. It really looks as if every
member of the Committee concocted a para-
graph to suit his own views. We quote it, as a
curiosity of its kind :
In offering our felicities to your Majesty, the Cham-
ber of Deputies includes in the same wishes the future of
the constitutional throne and public prosperity.
The country, Sire, comprehends this binding together,
the enemies of social order understand it also when they
undertake to strike civilisation itself, now by royalty,
and by the dearest hopes of the dynasty.
Their efforts will be vain. The arm of Providence is
more indefatigable - than crime, and society is stronger
than the conspiracies:-. The entire nation repulses them
with horror, andlhe, labouring classes, which it is at-
tempted to mislead, are neither the last. nor the least in-
terested to curse them. _ _ _

It is because they know, Sire, that order is profitable
for all citizens, and that the weakest are certain to find
amongst the greatest powers of the State that paternal
solicitude which was always the sentiment of good
Kings and of enlightened Governments.
France can also recal with joy the moral improve-
ments realised in a few years ; the abolition of lotteries,
the suppression of public gaming tables, the foundation
of savings' banks, the refuge for the destitute. and the
regulation of the factories for children, and primary in-
struction, organised on a vast scale, the ways opened to
labour and intelligence, in fact opened everywhere.
Labour, Sire, is honoured everywhere in this coun—
try:—The authority of religion, which consecrates it by
its divine moral ; our institutions of legal equality, of
conservatism, and of progress, so well calculated to
insure the fruits of industry which is completed, and to
encourage the hopes ofindustry which commences; filially,
the nobl examples which your august family will never
allow to be wanting in France.

This was severely testing theßoyal gravity. But
Louis PHILIPPE is too clever a dealer in hyper-
bole to be outdone by M. SAUZET. His MA-
JESTY therefore replied to the Address of the
Deputies in the following Munchausen strain :
I accept, to the whole extent, the binding together of
one and all which you allude to ; I believe that it exists
in fact, and that it is essential that its existence should be
acknowledged; for it is only by reciprocal confidence, and
in lending a national aid, that the various powers of the
State can acquire that freedom of action which constitutes
their force, and enables them to fulfil their high mission. All
the prerogatives are then respected, the exercise of all the
rights is guaranteed by the general security, and it is
thus that is realised what I announced more than eleven
years since, when I said that the Charter should henceforth
be d truth. However, Gentlemen, these are the benefits
that it is wished to deprive us of, by spreading vain fears,
and by propagating odious mistrust ! But with your
legal concurrence, we shall know how to triumph over
all these attacks on social order, on property, and all
that is dear to man, and to guarantee to France the
maintenance of her repose, and the development of her
prosperity.
Besides the Moniteur, the Courrier Francais,
the Quotidienne, and the Commerce, are the only
Papers which appeared in Paris on Sunday.
They contain no general news, except that M. DE
SALVANDY and his suite had left Madrid on their

return to France. Only a Secretary of Legation
was left to represent France at the SPinish Court.
Who, after this, will admit that it is possible
to equal the absurdities of the etiquette of
diplomacy? Poor departed SIMPSON, so long the
glory and the pride of Vauxhall ! What an ad-
mirable figure he would have cut in the annals
of French diplomacy.
The following article may attract notice by
its extravagance. We quote it from the Com-
merce:—

In an interesting essay on the progress of the armies
in the East, and in Africa, the Sentinelle takes a retro-
spective view of what might have happened if our Go-
vernment had encouraged Mehemet Ali, and left our
fleet in the Levant.

" Let us be permitted (says the Journal) to call to
mind on this occasion the plan proposed by Admiral La-
lande to M. Thiers. Admiral Lalande was at Tenedos,
near the mouth of the Dardanelles, with ten ships of the
line, and ten English ships of the line, under Rear-Ad-
miral Louis, were at their anchorage. Admiral Louis
detached two of them to Syria immediately. Admiral
Lalande, who was just informed of the treaty of the 15th
July, wrote to M. Thiers, that exemplary vengeance
'might be taken of the British bad faith; that he engaged to
burn the eight English ships of the line that were anchored
near him, then to take the two others that were de-
tached to Syria ; that he would complete the equipment
of the eleven Egyptian and nine Turkish ships of the
line then in the port of Alexandria, and would bring
them to Touloun, where a corps of 30,000 men might
be assembled, under the pretext of reinforcing the army
in Africa-; that France having, all included, 35 or 40
ships of the line, might then land 30,000 men on the
coast- of Ireland, and take the English by surprise ; and
that two naval divisions would then go and seize on the
settlements of- Great Britain in India. It is self-evident
that this plan would not meet with the slightest obsta-
cle, and, if it had been executed, the English power
would have been overthrown. Such an oppor-
tunity will perhaps not occur for three cen-
turies. Napoleon would hare understood Admi-
ral Lalande, he would have given him all necessary
instructions, and would have made him High Admiral.
You know what M. Thiers,did—he sent a packet-boat to
Admiral Lalande, inviting him to profit by its return to
come back immediately to France. For some days after-
wards the Levant squadron was recalled to Toulon, and
the Ministerial Deputies had the effrontery to say, in the
tribune, without being contradicted; that the ships, which
were within reach of the Telegraph, were nearer to
Egypt than if they had remained at Smyrna or Ourlac.

PLYMOUTH, SUNDAY, JAN. 2.—Wind N.E.—
This afternoon the Conway, 26, Captain Bethune,
from China, having on board two millions of
dollars, anchored in the Sound about six o'clock.
Her destination was Portsmouth, but a change
of wind having taken place, she was compelled
to come in here. She entered at the eastern end
of the Breakwater, and it being after sunset she
did not salute the Admiral's flag. She brings
home many invalids from the squadron in the
China seas. She was at the Cape of Good Hope
on the Ist of October. It is reported that she
will be paid off at Portsmouth. Of course she
brings .no intelligence that has not previously
reached England.

THE TEN HOURS' FACTORY
QUESTION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR—After the amusing description which has
been given of the interview of the Ten Hours'
Deputation' with the Minister, it remains only to
anticipate the time when the manufacturing
capitalists :shall present themselves to the Grand
Vizier of the hour, with a corresponding request
to have the evils of the agricultural management
looked into, and repressed by the strong fingers
of the law.
When this time comes, how pathetic will the
remonstrants be, on the evils physical and moral,
which always arise from agriculture where the
manufacturing interest has not a controller on
the spot. To say nothing of the toils of harvest-
women, and the total absence of care for the
fingers of female and infant weeders when the
thermometer is below 40, the moral view alone
will be terrible and sad. Our popular
poetry is full of little but the moral dangers
inseparable from the encouragement of an
agricultural population. The bush, the brake,
the " rigs o' barle„y," and the " rushes green,"
have each their several temptations, leading all
one way, and calling for pensive reflection on the
legislator and the parish officer. Shall there be
no balm for this, while an active superintendence
on the part of a moral and religious manufactur-
ing public might do so much to prevent the ap-
prehended evils? Why not appoint an inspector
of hay-fields ? Do the landlords properly box off
all dangerous places? Are these matters to be
left to adjust theniselves ; or ought the law to in-
terfere to ensure the doing right? The require-
ments of humanity imperatively demand it.
The landlords may find out some time, that it
is just as easy for one set of men to plague and
vilify another, as was the converse. Of course it
will be understood, that if the question has been
treated here with levity, it was in the full per-
suasion that what is called the Ten Hours' ques-
tion, after making the needful reservations for
well-meaning blunder, is a fraud directed to the
preservation of the evils it pretends to remedy,
and by the active operation and encouragement
of those who made and maintain the evils for the
sake of their own personal and dishonest gain.
Yours very sincerely,
T. PERRONET THOMPSON.
Blackheath, Jan. 3, 1842.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CI7 Y, TWELVE O'CLOCK.

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, JAN. 3.—The sales to-
day are 4,000 hales, all to the trade. Prices are firm
without alteration.
__

LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, JAN. 3.—Grand Junc-
tion, 196 ; Ditto half Shares, 97i ; London and Birm-
ingham, 170 ; Quarter Shares, 25f ; Manchester and
Leeds, Quarter Shares, 4 ; Midland Counties, 85 ; North
Midland, Thirds, 18/.
. MANCHESTER STOCK EPCIANGE, JAN. 3.—We com-
mence the new year with a fair day's 'business, and the
demand for Railway Stock has been considerable. Prices
have still an upward tendency. The following are our
sales :—Dublin and Drogheda (30 paid), 128 ; Lancaster
and Preston Three-quarter Shares, 168 ; London and
South Western, 598 ; Hull and Selby, 408 ; Manchester
and Birmingham Quarter Shares, 281 ; North Midland
Halves, 361 ; Manchester and Leeds, 72 ; Half ditto,
31; Quarter ditto, 31 and 31. 193.; South Eastern, 23 and
23i; Bank of Manchester, 41 ; Manchester Assurance, 98.