The Sun.
London, England, 1842-12-31 00:00:00

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
CITY, FRIDAY EVENING.
CHRONICLE.—Governor Corwin's message to
the Legislature of Ohio is described by the American
, papers as an able State paper. The interest on the
• debt of that State has been duly paid, and it has
abundant means to maintain its credit. It appears
that there are twenty-three banks in the State of
Ohio in a solvent condition, of which the charters of
thirteen are about to expire. If these banks are suf-
fered to go out of existence, the Government says the
existing pressure must be greatly aggravated, as in
that case only eight banking corporations will re-
main in the State to provide a currency. By the
message of the Governor of Virginia the finances of
that State appear to be in an unsatisfactory condition ;
the receipts into the Treasury being 550,000 dollars
to meet demands of 906,000 dollars, exclusive of
) 350,000 dollars, a loan made under thea:authority of
the last Legislature. The Governor urges the adop-
tion of immediate means to meet the demands on the
Treasury, as the payment of the 350,000 dollars
amount of the temporary loan will deprive it of the
means to pay the interest on the debt falling due on
the Ist of January. The Governor• further recom-
mends that an increased tax be laid on the people, to
supply all deficiencies, and that on no account should
any Act be passed either to repudiate public debts or
to stay the execution, or delay the payment of any
obligation.
SUN.---Stocks closed very firm, and appearances,
judging from their scarcity, were rather in favour of
an advance. Consols left off at 94 to 941; and Ex-
chequer Bills at 60s. to 625. premium ; India Bonds
touched 51s. to 535. premium; the Reduced Three
per Cents advanced to 94*; Canada Debentures got
up to 2 and 21 premium; Reduced Three-and-a-Half
per Cents. were 1011 to 1014: and Bank Stock realized
17211-.
"fhe Foreign market was quiet this afternoon.
Spanish Actives were 18* to 181, and the Three
per Cents. 2'41 to 24*. There was an improvement from
64 and 65 to 70 in the Portuguese Bonds of 1836, on
account ofthe new proposal of the Government. The
Converted were 344; Colombian rose to 22* and 221;
Mexican were 31.4 to 32 ; and Brazilian 71; Belgian
Bonds were steady at 1014 ; and Dutch Two-and-a-
Half per Cents. at 53-k.
More activity prevailed in the Share Market, and
the holders were firmer at the subjoined quotations :
Bristol and Exeter were 21 ; Edinburgh and Glas-
gow, 21 ; the New ditto, 1 ; Brighton,l3-g ; and South
Eastern Scrip, 21 discount; Great Western were 251;
Brighton Loan Notes, 1 ; South Western, 20*; Nor-
thern and Eastern Scrip, 5 to 54- ; and Newcastle and
Darlington Junction, 1* premium; Colonial Bank
Shares were 5; London Joint Stock, 3i ; and National
Provincial of England, 4 premium.
In the Foreign Exchanges there was no particular
alteration this afternoon.
COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY. )
Amsterdam CF.I2 9 (Gibraltar 46
Ditto, at sight
Rotterdam ...2 U. 12 9i,Genoa 26 25
Antwerp
Hamburgh M.B. 13 15 Venice
Altona
Paris, 3 clays' sight ... 25 /10 Palermo, per oz 120 i
Ditto, 3 months 26 5 Lisbon

Marseilles
Bourdeaux 26 10
Frankfort en Maine 1521
Petersburgh, 3 Us.
Berlin . 7
Vienna, effec. fl. 3 M lO 3
Trieste, ditto lO 4
Madrid ... 36
Cadiz 36
Bilbao 36
Barcelona
Seville ... 36

Oporto 52
Rio Janeiro 25
Bahia
Buenos Ayres
New York, 21days sight 46i
Philadelphia 4l
PRICES OF MILLION, PER OZ.
Foreign Gold, bars £3 17 9
Portugal Gold Coin ...3 17 5
New Doubloons 0 0 0
New Dollars... 0 4 91t
Silver in Bars... 0 4 ilk

IRON MASON OR STONE-CUT-
TING MACHINE.

On Friday, the 23d inst., a number of gentlemen
engaged in the building business of this city and
and neighbourhood, were invited to witness the per-
formance of the new patent stone-dressing machine,
erected in Mr. Neilson's quarry, Kelvin-street, North
Woodside. The machine, since its erection in the
early part of the year, has been principally employed
in making,. experiments to ascertain the best forms
and method of setting the tools, and to find out the
proper velocity for their motion, and for the advance
of the stones to be dressed under them ; besides this,
however, a number of the blocks employed in the
erection of the new County Buildings were hewn by
it. It is driven by a strong steam-engine, and is in-
tended for the larger sizes of stones, but can be used,
we understand, at any time for the smaller kind,
The experiments of Friday were to show how the
machine will dress the Kenmure Rock, which is
p2rhaps the best a nd stiffest of the freestone em-
ployed in the buildings of Glasgow, and most exten-
sively used for the finer fronts. The trial showed
that this new and giant mason is :perfectly able to
put out of his hands beautiful work, and at a rate
which, if practised in a complete establishment and
on a large scale, will go far to revolutionise the
trade, and it is not unlikely that in the coming
season it will be widely brought into operation.
The stones pass through the machine on a long
train of carriages; each carriage lhaving one stone
fixed into it. The cutting is performed by revolv-
ing wheels having tools fastened in them. The stones
enter at one end of the machine rough as they come
from the quarryman's pick, and at the other end come
out hewn and polished on the surface, and cut
straight and square down the sides. The stones
dressed on Friday were of the size of ordinary
ashlar. Eight of them, containing 40 feet of surface
work and 32 feet of side hewing, passed out in
twenty minutes, which is equal to the labour of 120
men ; but as the capacity of the machine is for work
two and a half times the breadth of this, and as it
has already dressed the broad work many times with
the same facility, it is equal, we are informed, to
300 men.

The greatest difficulty in the way of preparing
building stones by machinery, was presumed to be
the preserving the corners and edges unbroken and
unhurt. This difficulty, however, has been effectually
obviated by giving all the cutting wheels a slight in-
clination, or, in other words, by giving the plane in
which the point of the tools revolve, a slight dip where
the tools first strike into the stone, so that in passing
away off the stones the tools are elevated so as not to
touch them. Many of the most eminent builders and
architects of the city have at various times witnessed
the experiments with high satisfaction, and in the pre-
sent instance the trial was eminently successful.
The patent is the property of Mr. Wm. Neilson,
builder, who has so successfully proceeded with the
erection of that splendid edifice, the new County
Buildings.; of Messrs. David Lyon and Co., at present
engaged in the construction of the Victoria Harbour
at Dunbar; and of Messrs. Y. and W. MLOnie, engi-
neers, Glasgow, by whom this machine has been
made. The cost of these machines, with engines to
drive them, will vary, we believe, according to size,
from 4001. to 6001. each.—Glasgow Herald.

DEMISE OF THE MANCHESTER
CHRONICLE.
(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)
The Manchester Chronicle will appear for the last
time this day (Saturday), after an existence for the
long period of 611 years, it having been published for
the first time on the 23d June, 1781, by the late Mr.
Charles Wheeler, price 2id., the stamp duty at that
period being one halfpenny. The demise of a Tory
journal, after so prolonged an existence, is an event in
newspaper annals so extraordinary, that it would
seem to demand some special notice why such an
event has occurred—for during many, many years it
was the principal advertising paper in the town as well
as the county, and understood as being one of the
most, if not the most, lucrative also.
The first publication was remarkable for the ab-
serice, of what is never understood, a prospectus, by
which the readers of a new journal are in general
made acquainted with the political course its Editor
intends to pursue. There was, however, a very short
address, as follows :
" The Editor of this paper respectfully solicits the
indulgence of the public for any inaccuracies that
may appear consequent in the hurry of a new !Mali-
cation, and at the same time wishes to observe, that
he has every reason to hope a very extensive circula-
tion, and the chief object of his care shall be to malcF,
it invariably worthy the attention of the purchasers."
A few statistics may not be uninteresting as con-
nected with this Tory journal. As to the advertise-
ments, in the first number there was a remarkable
paucity, only 12 ; and even after an existence of
twelve months, the first number in 1782 only con-
tained 16. In 1791, however, the number had in-
creased to 67; in 1801, to 87; in 1811, 126; in
1828, 147 ; and in 1830, to 167. Its dimensions in
1781 were 17 by 22i inches, about 1-sth the size of
the Liverpool Mercury of the present day. Its cir-
culation fin- many years previous to 1838 varied from
1,500 to 2,000 per week ; since which period it may
be said, with the exception of a short interval, to have
been gradually declining in its circulation.
The fall of so remarkable, and once lucrative ajour-
nal, may be traced to the refusal by the proprietor
some ten or fifteen years ago, to receive any adver-
tisentent'Sr publication on Saturday unless received
early on the previous day, by which resolve adver-
tisers were literally compelled to advertise in the
Guardian, which at that time had little to boast of in
that way, and so may be said to have completely
established that paper.
There has been sad havoc of late among this class
of journalists.

MANFRESTER HOUSE.—The dinner given on Thurs-
day evening by his Excellency the French Ambassa-
dor, was to the Count and Countess D'Harcourt, Lord
Fitzgerald and Vesci, Lady Eleanor Robinson, Count
de Revel, the Sardinian Minister, Hon Captain Ca-
dogan, and Miss Robinson.