The Sun.
London, England, 1827-10-24 00:00:00

add one per cent.: to the cost of smuggling ; and
if the 'Preventative Service, as at present ma-
paged, cannot prevent smuggling, nothing can.-.
In France, no importance whatever was attached
to these attempts of Mir Gosfernment. The
question commonly asked there was—which way
do you Wish to receive your goods ? and iirrangs&-
. ments were made accordingly, as a inatt6- of course.
All the Governments of the continent encourage
as much as possible the violation of the Revenue
Paws isf their neighbours. Thus, for instance,
the different States of Italy are at present anxi-
bus to foster the paper manufacture, Mid the
exportation of rags is every where prohibited.
Tuscany is separated from the Rotrian
,States by
mountains, and the sinugglilig of rags into tus-
eany is managed by Means of asses, which are
trained to proceed solitarily over the mountains,
and to assemble at a given spot; where they are
unloaded and dismissed. So much for commer-
cial matters. Our informant has several times
visited France, and he stated what we own gave
us great pleasure, namely, that the attempts of the
Government to fanatiorse the people had pro-
duced a completely contrary effect,—that the
public mind, on the contrary, is every where im-
proving rapidly—that in several large towns of
the south of France, he found the processions
composed principally of priests, who had a few
feeble old men and females in their train, the
people eyeing the whole with indifference or de-
rision, and the • peasantry occasionally slightly.
moving their hats. Every where in travelling he
found only liberal papers. In vain the:keeper of
an hotel or coffee-house was asked for the Quoti-
dienne and Gazette de France. The answer
was, we have no demand for these papers. So
much fbr the unseasonable exertions of the Go-
vemment to force a return to a state of things at
variance with the spirit of the age. Our own
Ultras may see from the complete failure of the
French, that it is always wisest in a Government
to sail with the stream.. Thus, in England we
have more fanaticism and practical intolerance,
without any efforts on the part of Government
to promote them, than is to be found in all the
rest of Europe. If the Government were to in-
terfere, perhaps the spirit of opposition might
inspire some of our sects with charity.—Morns
ing Chronicle.
Among all the miserable objects that appeal
to the -pitying heart and helping hand of charity,
in this vast metropolis, where so many objects
of compassion are to be found, there are none
whose claims are greater than those wretched fe-
males' that infest our streets, not from choice, but
necessity—whose misfortunes have given them
Over to vice, and whose vices debar them from
returning to society. We cannot say to these
most unhappy of all beings, when their poverty
and destitution are represented to us, as wt may
do to other claimants on our bounty," Let then
work," for who will employ them? Nor can it
be expected of individuals to undertake the task
of reforming those whose conduct has, not un-
justly, rendered them unfit for. communication
with the decencies of a family, and whose intro-
duction there, even were .there no other objec-
tion, is so open to evil interpretation, that it.
could hardly be looked on as advisable. It is to
Societies, therefore, 'that these miserable crea-
tures must naturally look for support during that
trial of their better resolves, which is necessary
ere they can-expect to be trusted by individuals,
and it is by Societies alone that the salutary re-
straints necessary for subduing long-established
habits and confirming new-implanted ones, can
be exercised with effect. Of these institutions,
which do high honour to this great city, " The
Guardian Society" has been, on more than one
occasion, pressed upon our attention. It has
now. been fifteen years in existence. It was
instituted for the sole purpose of affording
temporary asylum to unhappy females, who have
been removed from the streets by the operation
of law, or who have
.been awakened by con-
science to a sense of their guilt.. Of the latter
(I,l‘scription we doubt not there are thousands;
sonic the victim of headlong passions, some of
the villainy of the other'sek, and many of theM
poor girls from the country, who have lost their
places, and are cast on the town from sheer want.
On the greater proportion of these no hope ever
opens, and they live on in vice and misery,
loathing their condition, yet utterly incapable of
quitting it. The Guardian Society has been
enabled, out of 1,015, which, up to this year, it
lhas succoured, to save from this, the most de-
plorable of all destinies, at least 522, who have
been comfortably placed in service, .or restored
to their friends. This is perhaps as large a pro-
portion as could have been expected, consider-
ing the materials on which the Society has to
operate. Their funds are at present exhausted
—as, indeed, they ought to be—for the funds
of such an Institution are not collected for the
purpose of hoarding, but we trust that the fact
needs only to be announced to call forth the con-
tributions of the public. Of all the ways it
which charity can be bestowed, perhaps non 4
goes to relieve such 'uttermost distress.--Nero

Times.

It is evident that it is not the real intention o
Russia to make Greece an independent State, but to
transfer her dependency from the Turkish yoke
to her own. By that means the Autocrat of the
North will possess what the Muscovite Cabinet
have long been endeavouring to obtain---,a naval
station in the Mediterranean. The ambition of
making Russia a great maritime power occupied
the mind and great part of the reign of Peter the
Great. The anecdote of his having worked in
a dock-yard in Holland, as a ship-builder, in his
early life, shows how strongly he was impressed
with the conviction that the further aggrandize-
ment of the vast empire of the Czars was chiefly
to be effected by the creation of a navy. But it
is in vain to build ships without having able and
expert sailors to man them ; and Peter, although
he devoted a great deal of time and laborious at-
tention to the training of seamen, never had an
adequate supply to give his fleet efficiency and re-
putation. But if the Government of Greece
should now be placed in the hands of a creature
of Russia, this obstacle to the maritime greatness
of Russia will no longer exist. The Greek Ar-
chipelago affords one of the best nurseries for sea-
men in the world. Indeed, the Turks could never
have manned a fleet of war since they first hoisted
the crescent on the walls of Constantinople if it
had not been for their occupation of the Constantinople,
and the islands, from whence they drew their
supplies of seamen. It was by means of those
seamen that their navy was ever able to make
any head against the Russian fleet, which, in-
adequate as it is to cope with the maritime
power of some other countries, would have swept
the Mahommedans off the Black Sea long ago,
lif it were not for the resources which Turkey
was able to command from her Greek possessions.
It is no wonder, therefore, that Russia has long
looked with a covetous eye to the Greek terri-
tory—and if she neglected the present opportu-
,wn dominions, we

night give her credit for less ambition
.or more'.
indolence than she bas.eVer displayed from the
blittle of Pultowa to the occupation of Paris.
such an accession to her power, she can,
whenever she pleases, with Very little Comparative-
difficulty, tale p'aSce'Sslo'n or tonstantinoplc, and,
ekthidinfr her arms eastward, shake the, throne
of our Asiatic empire.—Morning Herald.

The Dissenters are industriously circulating
throughout the country a kind of Declaration, or
Manifestos in which they proclaim their deter-
urination to employ every effort to procure, the
repeal of the Corptoratioti aria Test Acts. This
paper Is drawn 'up with great clearness and abi-
lity, and furnishes a very faithful histoiy of the
circumstances and motives which originally, led
to the passing of those celebrated Acts. They
were not intended at first. to narrow the civil pri-
alleges of Protestant Dissenters, nor did they in
effect so operate, till the Act of Unicorn-thy
waS passed some years afterwards, toge-
ther with the growth of many rigid and .scrUpn-.
lous notions -among the Dissenters themselves,
Suppressed ina great degree the practice of occa-
sional conformity. This is one,. and perhaps it
is the strongest of the arguments urged in favour
of their repeal. The Acts in question, it is
Said, so far as they affect the interests of Protes-
tant Dissenters, overstep the objects they had
.
originally in view. There arc other arguments
Which we may take a future opportunity to exa-
mine, founded upon the uniform, admitted,
and undeniable good conduct of the Protestant
Dissenters as a body ; upon the apparent incon-
sistency of placing that body in England
in a less favourable Situation than their dis-
senting brethren in Scotland and in Ireland;
and upon the general principles which are ad-
verse to all laws of exclusion and disability.—ln
Confining ourselves for the present to that argu-
ment which is drawn from the original intention
of these Acts, we must remark that a law may
overstep the immediate-purpose for which it was
enacted, in two ways ; it may do so by producing
unforeseen evils ; but it may equally do so by
producing benefits distinct from, and greater
than those which the Legislature had in view.
The question -between the Dissenters and the
Legislature must therefore be—in which of these
two ways have the Corporation and Test Acts
overstepped their original purpose ? For we
suppose it will scarcely be contended that it is
-the duty of Government to throw away, in 1828,
an advantage, merely because that advantage
was not foreseen by the Parliament of 1661 or
1672. So long as the Dissenters stood in the
•same relation to the Church and State as they
did at the time of passing these Acts, the
Acts did not affect them. Bert when
that relation was changed, when a stricter
,discipline was enforced in the National
Church, and the Dissenters had become more
inflexible in their peculiarities—when, in other
words, a greater estrangement had taken place
for the present, and a greater probability was
presented. of hostility between them for the fu-
ture ; then it was that the dormant powers of
those Acts sprung out actively, and the Acts
were shown to be applicable to a wider range of
circumstances than had been contemplated at the
period of their enactment, and to form a sub-
stantial bulwark Against dangers which had not
then been foreseen. This peculiarity, if it
be one, in the history and character of
the Acts in question, does not certainly appear
to us to afford a topic which can be urged with
much success in favour .of their repeal. The
conduct of the Protestant Dissenters has however
been that of good, loyal, and peaceable subjects;
the estrangement between them and the Church
of England has never been exhibited in the dan-
gerous form of political hostility, nor has the suit-
able reward of conduct SG -meritorious been with-
held from them. Substantially and practically the
Corporation arid Test Acts,' so far as they would
otherwise have operated to the exclusion of Dis-
senters from office, have been reduced to a dead
letter. For a 'period of eighty years, the Legisla-
ture has never omitted to pass an. annual Act of
indemnity, exonerating those of their body who
had been admitted to- office from all the pains
and .penalties to whicti their non-compliance with
the provisions of thOse Acts would have exposed
them. These annual Acts of Indemnity, passed.
continually for eighty years, have produced, as
indeed they could net fail to produce, the same
effects in regard to habit and practice as if the
Corporation and Test Acts themselves had been
repealed at the commencement of that period.
Then why, it is said, not repeal those Acts,
since in habit and practice the same results are
obtained as would have followed from their re:-
peal ? We answer, because the State retains
in its hands, by means of the .present system, a
power of very high value, eminently conducive.
to the peace of the community, and essential.
even to the welfare and happiness of all conscien-
tious Dissenters. So long as the Dissenters are
indebted for the privileges they now enjoy to an
annual Act, .which any single branch of the Le-
gislature may withhold, it is evident that it will
not be their policy, that it will not be their con-
scientious duty, to excite suspicion or to provoke
hostility, ,by attempting in any way the over-
throw of our Ecclesiastical establishment. They
have now a legitimate motive to refrain from any
such attempt, because they know that it' would
be hopeless and desperate, and would be more-
over a signal for withholding the annual Indem-
nity. Bill upon which their existing immunities
ready antagonists, and may therefore be well ek=
cused if they do not brave the conflict. By. a
repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts, their
position and their duties would be totally
changed—changed altogether for the worse, as it
respects the State, and as it respects even them-
selves. Prudence would no longer require, and
conscience therefore would no longer permit
them to abstain from all attempts to overthrow
Episcopacy, and to abolish Tythes. Friendly to
cannot
ebe,r if they are
can they .be
theseconsdentiou sD
institution
neutral any longer than motives of prudence,
than despair of success, than the strong probabi-
isse theynte rs ;
neither
h
lity of loss to the interests of the Dissenting
Churches generally, prohibit, any show of active
hostility. It may be construed, therefore, rather
into a commendation than a reproach of the Dis-
senters as a body; when we conclude by the ex-
pression of our opinion, that it is expedient for
the welfare of the State generally, and no less for
their welfare as a distinct part of it, that their
present conscientious inducements to peace and
neutrality towards institutions which they
avowedly disapprove, should be continued.—
Morning Post.

A lady of quality a few days since asked a
physician of eminence here (Brighton), if she might not
pursue the Calisthenic. exercises with every prospect of
eventual advantage? and to which the M.D. with a smile
replied, " If your Ladyship would now and then conde-
scend to assist your servants in shaking the beds, all the ad-
vantages you would seek would be much more speedily and
easily acquired."—Sussex Advertiser.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF KING'S BENCH, °cr.' 2S

TAaEUTT AtiD ANOTHER. v. SAAVYERS.
This was an aCticin to reedy& t,1.52i., the balance
of an account. The defence was; the set-off of a
bill of exchange for 2,0001. in favour of the defendant,
drawn upon the plaintiffs, by Messrs. Mercer and
Co., of Calcutta, and alleged by the defendant to
have been accepted by the plaintiff.
The Jury found a verdict for the defendant.

BUZZARD AND &IWO, ASSIGNEES, .AGAINST CArEL.
This was an action of troves, brought by the
assignees of William Robinson Jones,. and Robert
Jones] whaiiii;;Lrs, to recover two barges., "
the
Spring" and " Autumn," which had been seized
upon as a distress for rent by the defendant, who
was the landlord of the bankrupts.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said, that this action
was brought to bring before the, Court. a Case tried
in the Common Pleas, the judgment of which Coint
the plaintiffs were desirous of having revised.
Messrs. Jones were the tenants ore wharf la South-
wark; they became bankrupt in August, 1825; and'
after their bankruptcy, the two barges were by col-
lusion placed in such a situation as to give the de-
fendant an opportunity to lay kohl of them. They
were, with many others, attached to the shore by a
rope, and as they were floating in the Thames, oppo-
site the wharf, the defendant, as landlord, distrained
upon them for rent. He would. not say, nor with he
instructed to insist, that there was sufficient evidence
to prove that the bankrupts and the defendant were
in collusion. It would be a question whether the
act of a bankrupt, in placing property in such a situ-
ation as to allow a landlord to seize upon it,
,was a
fraudulent act; but the great point in the cause was
whether the barges were in such a situation that the
landlord could legally distrain them. • After the de-
cision of the Judge of, the Common Pleas, before
,whom another action had been tried, and who held
that the barge being tied to the wharf, was sub-
stantially on the premises, he the Attorney-General
would not hazard an opinion upon the subject;
but as counsel for the plaintiffs, he was to contend
that the tying a barge to the shore did not
place it in such a situation as to give the landlord
a right to distrain. It was a question of very great
importance, for the rider Thames, and many other
rivers in the kingdom, abounded with wharfs, and
it would be a new security to landlords if they had
the power of distraining all vessels attached by a
rope to those wharfs. The lease shewed the abut-
tals of the premises demised, and the barges were
not within those abuttals. The object of the plain-
tiffs was to raise the question in order to obtain the
opinion of the Court above. A landlord had a right
to distrain any mait's property that was upon the
premises. A whole row of barges and vessels might
be attached by a rope to the wharf, and thus the
landlord would virtually have the power ofextend-
ing his distress to the middle of the river, but lie
(the Attorney-General) conceived that the things
distrained must be on the premises actually demised.
A mere easement was no occupation of the land, nor
would the
,fixing of goods to the boundary of de-
mised premises give the landlord a right to dis-
train on those goods. Suppose a man were to
fasten his horse's bridle to a hook on the outside of
a house, could the landlord distrain that horse for
rent ? Certainly not. If he could, lie (the Attor-
ney-General) feared that his friend, Mr. Marryatt,
who was much used to riding, might, on some occa-
sion, upon the 'account of his unhappy bridle, have
to return .home without his horse.
Lord TENTERPEN—Does he ride and tie ?
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said, that a part was
sometimes taken for the whole, and if he failed, it
would' be because the rope would be considered as
the whole barge.
The commission of bankrupt against Messrs.
Jones, and several acts of bankruptcy, were proved
—the acts were.in August and September, 1825.
Mr. Nelson, deputy water-bailiff, was Well ac-
quainted with the wharf, Davis's wharf. The piles
attached to the wharf were called guard-piles--they
were to, guard the wharf from being damaged by the
barges.. Those kind of piles were very general. If
the piles were not used, any barge would moor to
them; they have. rings in them for the purpose of
mooring. Witness would moor his craft to them,
if they were unoccupied, without asking leave.
Cross-examined by Mr. GuttNLv.—lf the whar-
finger wanted them for his own craft, then he would

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

LIED.