The Sun.
London, England, 1827-10-17 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.
(From the Gazette de France, of Monday.)
PARIS, OCT. 14.—Letters from Madrid, dated
Oct. 8, say—The Junta of Manresa has made its
submission, and the rebels are everywhere laying
down their arms.
The King has just banished from Madrid two
superior officers of the Royalist Volunteers, well
known for the exaggeration of their opinions.
The Nuncio of his Holiness arrived at Madrid
yesterday evening.
The Austrian Observer gives, after a letter from
Alexandria, in Egypt, the following account of the
Egyptian expedition :
First division, commanded by the Captain Bey,
two ships of the line of 84 guns, and five frigates)
from Constantinople, under his immediate orders;
three frigates from Tunis, nine corvettes from Con-
stantinople, one brig from Tunis, under the command
of Riala Bey. Second division, composed only of
Egyptian vessels, organised on the European system,
commanded by Moharrem Bey, Governor of Alex-
andria, four 61 gun frigates, eleven corvettes, three
brigs, one schooner, one brig, fiveschooners, and six
fire ships, lastly forty-one transports, eleven of which
have arrived; in all 92 sail.
The 10th Regiment of foot, which is embarked on
board the fleet, is 3,700 strong. There are besides
100 cavalry. The Observer remarks, that if the
nows which it has received is correct, the fleet must
have taken troops on board on the coast of Asia or
at Candia, because these letters state that 5,000 in-
fantry and five hundred cavalry were landed in the
Morea. There is a sufficient quantity of provisions
and ammunition, and a million of Spanish piastres
were put on board. Letellier and eight French
officers are with the expedition. The sailors of the
Egyptian fleet are Arabs, to the number of 3,000,
and newly trained. All the individuals of the expe-
dition had received their pay up to the 18th of Aug.
(From the Moniteur of Sunday.)
A notice from the General Post-office informs the
public, that, beginning with the month of October,
a packet will be regularly dispatched from Bordeaux,
for Vera Cruz, which will take letters for that place
and Mexico. The packet will sail on the 20th of
every month, and touch alternately at Hayti and
Martinique, and will take letters to those places.
The first packet will sail the 20th of October, and
touch at Hayti, the second on the 20th November,
and touch at Martinique. Letters to be post-paid,
at the same rate as letters for the Colonies.

(From the Moniteur of Monday.)
PARIS, OCT. 14.—A letter from Navarino, the
26th September, informs us, that Admiral de Rielly
arrived off that port on the 22d. Thirty-two ships
„sc th. Turkish fleet, loaded with Turkish troops,
were cruising before the port ; 80 others were in the
port itself.
On the 15th, at ten o'clock in the morning, Ad-
mirals
de Rigny and Codrington repaired to the tent
of Ibrahim Pacha, and declared to him alternately,
in French and English, that in consequence of the
refusal of the Porte to accept the mediation, they
had received orders to bring about an armistice de
facto (etablir une armistice de fait), and to destroy
the forces which should oppose it.
After having listened with equal composure and
attention, the Pacha answered, that as a setyant of
the Porte he had received orders to push the war
in the Morea, and to finish it by a decisive attack
on Hydra; that he was not in a manner qualified
(il n'avait (Incline qualdt) to listen to the communi-
cations made to him, or to take a part of his own
authority ; that, however, the orders of the Porte
not having provided for the extraordinary case which
now presented itself, he should send couriers to
Constantinople and Egypt, and that, till their return,
he gave his word that his fleet should not quit
Navarino, however hard it was for him to be stopped
at the moment when all was finished, since the
strength of his expedition, such as they saw it, was
evidently irresistible by the Greeks.
The official Gazette of Madrid, of the 7th, an-
nounces
that the insurgent army of Catalonia had
yielded to the invitation of the King.
The soldiers are returning to their homes. Some
of the Chiefs have returned home. One only, Don
Pierre Morati, has presented himself to the King.
The Junta of Manresa has made its submission
to the Count d'Espagne, except Carajol, the Presi-
dent, who has fled, and embarked with the booty he
has made.
All is over in Guipuscoa ; the Chief, Laura Gar-
reta, has just been arrested there.
(The above articles are copied, without any addi-
tion, by the Gazette de France, dated Tuesday,
Oct. 16.)

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER N, 1827.

All uncertainty with respect to the rejecti'on
of the terms proposed to the Porte by the Allied
Powers is at an end. By au express which reached
town at an early hour this morning, we have re-
ceived the Moniteur of Monday, and the Gazette
de France dated yesterday morning, which con-
tain a letter from Navarino of so late a date as '
the 26th Sept., stating that the French Admiral,
DE RIGNY, arrived off that port on the 22d; at
that time there were 32 ships of the Turkish
fleet, having Turkish troops on board, cruizing
before the port, and 80 others in the port itself.
On the 25th the British and French Admirals
repaired to the tent of limit fum, and declared
to him alternately, in English and French, that,
in consequence of the rt:fUsal of the Porte to
accept the mediation, they had received orders
to bring about an armistice de facto, and to de-
stroy the forces which should oppose it. The
Paella, after having listened with equal eini
posure and attention, answered, that as a
servant of the Porte, he had received orders to
push the war its tlAc Morea, and. it by a
decisive attack on Hydra ; that he was not in a
manner qualified to listen to the communications
made to him, or to take a part of his own autho-
rity ; that, however, the orders of the Porte
not having provided for the extraordinary case
which now presented itself, he should send
couriers to Constantinople and Egypt ; and that
till their return he gave his word that his fleet
should not quit Navarino, however hard it was
for him to be stopped at the moment when all
was finished, as the strength of his expedition
was evidently irresistible by the Greeks.
The letter stops here, and does not positively
inform us, though it may be inferred from it,
that the Admirals consented to take no decidedly
hostile step against IBn A imt, till the return of
the Couriers from Constantinople and Egypt.
If this be so, it strongly shews the desire enter-
tained by those representing Great Britain and
France to avert, if possible, the necessity of
actually proceeding to the last extremities pro-
vided for by their instructions, for the very delay
which this moderation on their part allows of,
manifestly gives the Porte very considerable ad-
ditional advantages, while it can afford none to
the allied Powers. At the .same time it shews
that the Admirals commanding the two squadrons
were fully satisfied that the force under their
orders was quite sufficient to annihilate any
Turkish and Egyptian force which could be
brought against them. An arrival from Con-
stantinople is momentarily expected, and must
bring intelligence of the highest interest and

portance.
The Moniteur of Monday also states that
the official Gazette of Madrid or the
announces that the Insurgent Army of Cata-
lonia had yielded to the invitation of the
KING. The Chiefs and Privates were re-
turning to their homes. The Junto of Man-
resa had made its submission, with the excep-
tion of CARAJOLS, who had fled and em-
barked with his booty. The presence of FER-
DINAND has certainly 1134 a greater effect on
the Insurgents than we had expected—although
we felt that the personal appearance of a So-
vereign in the disturbed districts of his King-
dom was likely to operate as a charm on the
minds of the deluded and ignorant, if the cha-
racve:tteer of F d
Royalty
yDoINf AD
its usual ulalilot,
iliflueiiitelel.iis case, di-

The French Papers of Sunday, and the Ga-
zette de France of Monday morning, which had
previously reached us, contain nothing inte-
resting except a letter from Alexandria, which
describes the force of the Egyptian expedition,
which is of a formidable description,—two slops
of 84 guns, four of 64, guns, three frigates, 20

corvettes, and numerous small vessels and tran-
sports—in all 92 sail.
The French Funds are about the same. Ex-
tracts of the Papers are given in another column.

FRENCH Ft]igns, OCT. 15:—Five per Cents. 101 f. 80c.
50c. ; Three ditto, 71f. 85c. 70c. ; Bank Stock, 2,002 f.
50e.; Neapolitan, 76f. 85c. 80c.—Exchange on London,
at one Month, 251. 20c. ; at three Months, 25f. 10c.

We have received this forenoon the age-
»zeine Zeitnng of the 10th inst., from which we
extract the following long article from Smyrna,
taken from the Oriental Spectator. Its object
appears to be to prove the humane and beneficent
motive of the Allies in interfering in behalf
of Greece ; but that the Greek people arc
not deserving of such humane feelings, and
are incapable of comprehending, unless it is un-
posed upon them—obedience to the laws, and
respect for the rights of others :
(From the Oriental Spectator.)

SMYRNA, AUG. 25.

The security of commerce in the Levant, destroyed dur-
ing the last six years by a war, the end of which it would
be difficult to foresee, without an intervention, was the
chief motive of the Powers in the Treaty, which they
have concluded with each other. After the interests of
humanity, loosely defined in treaties, every other po-
sitive interest, except that of commerce, is carefully ex-
cluded front this important document. This purpose is
clearly expressed in the preamble, and we may safely as-
sume that this is not an empty phrase, but that it expresses
the predominant purpose, and the real object, of the high
mediating Powers. We live in an age when material in-
terests are not to be separated from moral interests, and when
society, equally watchful for the preservation of its dignity
and its prosperity, expresses its apprehensions with the same
energy when either of these interests is threatened. Industry",
which, in the course of a few years, has made immense pro-
gress, has also made immense conquests in regard to the in-
fluence which it now exercises in the State; and the last vie-
' tory which it has just gained is not the least among those of
which it can boast. Woulel any regard have been paid in
' Europe 100 years ago to the wants cr sufferings of those
who were then called in contempt the trading class, and
were confined in the state as the Jews still are in some
Italian cities? Things have greatly changed. The rights
of commerce, the existence of which is seen to be threat-
ened, became the basis of a solemn treaty ; three powers of
the highest rank unite to make stipulations in its favour,
and openly proclaim that they will put an end to the dan-
gers that surround it. Without inquiring whether they
have taken the shortest way to accomplish this object, we
will not neglect to record this fact, which is equally honour-
able to the Governments who so rightly understand the
general interests and the spirit of their times, and to com-
merce, which is thus raised to the rank due to it. This
event, so important and cheering to the commerce of the
Levant, gives it the assurance, that one of the first and
most serious occupations of the forces destined for the
pacification of Greece, will be the extirpation of pi-
racy. We have long protested against the unparal-
leled tolerance which has been observed towards pi-
racy; we have foretold that this wound, which it was
disdained to cure, would soon spread so as to excite the
most serious apprehensions ; we have given extracts from
a very important memorial, presented by the French mer-
chants at Smyrna, which proposes, as the only means of
effecting any thing, to make the Government and the
islands of Greece responsible for all acts of piracy commit-
ted by Greeks. The Paris Journals, which have so much
influence on public opinion in Europe, at the moment
when they bitterly complained of the acts of violence exer-
cised towards French merchantmen in the Rio de la Plata,
treated the far more serious violations of the freedom of
commerce in the Levant, which we reported in our paper,
as reveries, and the complaints which are made in the name
of the merchants, as idle declamations. The Governments
continued to shut their ears; their squadrons have, undoubt-
edly, redoubled their vigilance to seize some vessels, and to
clear the principal channels; but by the confession of these
Commanders themselves, insulated measures are of no avail
gainst an unexpected deluge of piracy, against a coalition pf
all Greece. in spite of the large number of men of war, and
the zeal of their commanders, piracy has increased, and
increases daily. how should it be otherwise, when it is
the most profitable and least dangerous occupation that can
he imagined? Merchantmen ate ,56/dinn willing or able to
defend themselves, and if they sometimes make resistance,

it is never attended with much injury to the pirates,
who escape by renouncing their prey, when they find that
they are too weak. Thus, with very few exceptions,
they quietly and without fear plunder every ship they
meet, and there is scarcely a day that they do not make
some booty in one place or another. The only risk they
run, is that of sometimes falling in with a man of war, but
as they are constantly warned by the scouts stationed on all
the heights, it is only through some neglect, which very
rarely occurs, that they are seriously exposed to the guns of
the ships of war ; and lastly, if they reduce this risk to its
real value, they have, in fact, nothing to fear, but to see
their vessel burnt, to he fed for a month or two on board a

frigate, and at the end to be delivered up to the Greek Go-
vernment, which never fails to promise exemplary punish-
ment. Now we ask all the officers who have for many
years visi►ed, without intermission, all the coasts and
islands of Greece, has any one of them ever known a pirate
punished, either at Napoli or elsewhere? In this manner
piracy has become the favourite occupation of Greece,
and every body seeks to participate in it. A kind
of trading speculation has been made of it, which
has its own ship-owners, captains, sailors, and even insu-
rance companies; it is, in truth, the only perfect and re-
gular organization which has proceeded from the revolu-
tion of 1821. Most of the individuals in Greece, who are
distinguished by their wealth or their situation, have fitted
out piratical vessels, which they protect with all their in-
fluence, and derive from them immense profits.
The Government, itself, which decrees loans, but knows
very well that it is better to gain money than to talk about
it, gives letters of marque to a number of small armed
vessels, which it calls its cruizers, and which cannot be re-
cognised as pirates, unless they are caught in the fact :
—otherwise they are packets or guardships of the Go-
vernment.

A large boat, lately detained and examined at Milo by
the Loiret French brig, exhibited regular papers, and was
released. The day following it plundered an lonian ves-
sel. When caught in the fact, the ship is burnt and the
crew delivered up to the Government. This is their pro-
per punishment. This is, in fact, giving back the
sailors to the privateers. There is not now a

town on the coast—an island in the Archipelago—
and perhaps not. an individual in the islands, that does
not partake directly or indirectly in the profits of piracy.
It is a universal evil, or, in the language of the pirates, a
universal good ; for every body lives by it, and it may be
said in good earnest, that nobody dies by it. Thieves and
murderers are punished in all countries, but in Greece the
pirates, who are both, are spared. The power of circum-
stances must necessarily Garry this occupation as far as
possible. To this cause of anarchy and disorganization
another has lately been added, which deserves notice,
namely, the settlement in almost all the islands of bands of
Candiots, men used to arms and war, formidable by their
numbers, and still more by their boldness; and especially
by the spirit which animates them to avenge in common
the slightest offence to any one of them. They have
caused the greatest confusion in the islands of Naxia ani
Milo, have every where triumphed over the resistance
made to them, and wherever they have appeared, esta-
blished themselves as lords and masters. They dispose, as
it were, with sovereign power, of the property and even
the lives of the inhabitants, and with threats of vengeance

imperiously command the alliances that please them.
Very lately a young and beautiful girl, at Milo, was
dragged to the altar by a Candiot, who had taken a liking
to her, in soite of her resistance; in spite of the repugnance
of her family, who were compelled, by dreadful threats, to
consent. If we reflect that a whole people,
these six years, has lived by plunder and unbridled licen-
tiousness, is to be brought back to the duties and habits of
well-regulated social life, the firmest may well be staggered.
must
We repeat it ; the destruction of piracy wind, for
be the first
object of the attention of the mediating Powers, and they
will doubtless perceive that they must begin with it. The
pacification
must act especially on the Greeks themselves ;
order and good organization are means of strength which
lead to others ; but it would avail little to free the country
from the Turkish soldiers, if it is abandoned to the un-
checked rage of anarchy, and to its habits of plunder ; and
more harm than good will have been done to it. A writer of
our days has said, " Freedom costs so much, and its pos-
,:ession is always so precarious, that we should not attempt
to give it to any lint those who truly and earnestly desire
it, and at the same time be very certain of our ground."—
Here was an unconditional necessity; but we must be at

of Industry, in the modern French acceptation, is a very
comprehensive term, embracing the exercise of human in-
genuity in the whole circle of arts and manufactures.