The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-23 00:00:00

IRISH LINES.

The Ulster Railway Company have advertised for tenders
for loans. in sums of not less than 1,000/. each, at 4 per cent.
NEW NORTIIERN.-A railway is projected to join Bally-
castle with the. Belfast and Coleraine Junction, by way of
Dervock and Ballymoney. This line would encourage the
working of the only coal-beds in county Antrim.
The Belfast and Ballymena Company have advertised for
contracts for larch or Scotch fir sl.,epers.
ULSTER. EXTENSION.—BELFAST TO DUBLIN, BY BAN-
BRIDGE TO NEWRY.-It will be in the recollection of our
readers that at the last general meeting of the proprietors of
the Ulster Railway Company, resolutions were adopted
authorising the Board of Directors to take the necessary steps
for extending their line by way of Banbridge to Newry and
Dublin, and to make such arrangements in relation to it,
with the committee of the Newry, Banbridge, and Belfast
Junction Railway Company, as they might deem expedient.
We are gratified to be able to state that an agreement was on
Wednesday ertered into between the committee of the
Directors of the Ulster Railway Company and the managing
committee of the Newry, Banbridge, and Belfast Company,
settling the terms upon which the project of the latter com-
pany is to be carried on, under the direction of the Ulster
Company, as an extension of their line under the above title. 1

CONTINENTAL LINES.
MAYENCE AN,O LUDWIOSHAFEN.—MAYENCE, OCT. 10.—
The first generanneeting of the shareholders took place here
the day before yesterday. Neel ly the whole of the share-,
holders were present. The zeal and attention with which the
Provisional Committee bad transacted the affairs of the com-
pany was highly lauded. All hindrance in the way of its
construction have been removed, and everything is ready for
its commencement. The expenses hitherto also have been
exceedingly small, for even tie interest of the 50,000 florins
placed at the disposal of the committee has hardly been ex-
pended.
ST.. PETERSBURGIL, MOSCOW, AND WARSAW.—It is said

that the Emperor purposes not only.to connect Warsaw by a
branch line with the trunk line at present in construction
from St. Petersburg to Moscow, but also to extend it to the
Odessa, so that the trade of Poland will extend itself to the
Black and Caspian seas.
GREAT NORTIIERN LINE.—The council of administration

has been finally constituted. The following are the names :
—The Baron James de Rothschild, Vice-Admiral Rosamel,
Philippe Hottinguer, Charles Laffitte, Pepin Lehalleur,
Adolphe 41'Eichtal, Emile Pereire, Auguste Thurneyssen,
Marc Caillard the elder, Delebecque, Gouin, Duke de
Galiera. Jameson, Edward Blount, Baron Nathaniel de
Rothschild, Jules Mallett, Duke de Monchy, Marquis Da-
lon, Francis Baring, Thomas Baring, John Moss, Baron
Lionel de Rothschild, John Masterman, W. Chaplin, F.
Mills, T. 0. Powles, Weguelin. The Baron James de Roths-
child is the president, and M. Delebecque the vice- president.
In conformity with the 27th article of the statute, the general
management has been delegated to a committee of five—
namely, MM. Philippe Hottinguer, Emilie Pereire, Auguste
Thurneyssen, the Marquiss Dalon, and Marc Caillard the
elder. The committee will have the management of all
affairs; there will be no directors. The capital of the com-
pany has been fixed at 200 millions of francs, divided into
400,000 shares of 500 francs each. The extent of calls upon
the shareholders for the construction of the works is not to
exceed 375 per share, without a unanimous resolution to the
contrary by the shareholders. The first instalment of 125
francs per share has been effected by the original subscribers,
producing a sum of 50 millions of francs, of which sum 20
millions have been reimbursed to the Treasury for their ad-
vances. A further sum of four millions of francs has been
lodged as a guarantee for carrying out the works of the
branch lines from Lille to Calais and to Dunkirk, which are
to be immediately carried into execution by the company.
The advances made by the Chambers, for the execution of the
line from. Paris to Lille and to Valenciennes, amount to 90
millions of francs, which sum, according to the decree of the
15th July, ought to be reimbursed in five payments; the
first, in a sum of 20 million's, has already been made, and
the remainder is to be returned in four annual payments
commencing January, 1847, of 17,500,000 fran"s each. The
ciimpany further will have to expend a sum of 20 millions of
francs in perfecting the branch lines from Lille to Calais and
Dunkirk ; to meet this outlay there remains to the company
a sum of 30 millions out of the 50 millions they have re-
ceived. This sum will be more than sufficient to meet the
necessary outlay for this and the succeeding year; therefore,
according to this statement, there will be no occasion for a
further call upon the shareholders for a period of fifteen
mouths, that is, when the next instalment will become due
to the State in 1847.

NAMUR AND LIEGE.—Mr. Rennie, the engineer who has
been engaged in tracing out the plans for the above line, has
been occupied for several days in putting the works into
active operation. The Minister of Public Works has been
pit in possession of the plans, &c , for that portion com-
prised between Seraing and the bridge of Val Benoit.
CHARLEROI' AND ERQUELINOES.—The President of the
Council of Administration, M. Gordales paid a visit lately to
the Chateau de Misericorde, near Marchiennes-au-Pont, for
the purpose of pressing forward the works which are being
carried on there.

TUE POTATO MURRAIN NEAR MANCHESTER.—We
ave made inquiries of intelligent agriculturi-ts and scientific
'lends, who have visited different districts in this immediate
neighbourhood, and the result is a conviction that the dis-
ease exists here, though as yet in a very modified form. It
is, however, exceedingly difficult to arrive at any precise
conclusion at present, for a great quantity of potatoes in this
neighbourhood are not yet gathered, and it is found that
the murrain is later in making its appearance in some places
than others. An intelligent friend, who has extended his

Equiriei in every direction around Manchester within a
few miles, informs us that he believes the murrain to be
more or less in every district in the neighbourhood, except
in that about Cheetham-hill, which exemption he supposes
to be owing to its very light and sandy soil. Indeed, the
potatoes on the light, dry soils, are generally more free from
murrain than those on the cold, heavy lands. Careful
microscopic observation has led several scientific gentlemen
here to the belief that the disease is the same as that de-
scribed by Professor Morren, in a communication to the
Brussels paper the Independance, as having nearly destroyed
the potato crop of Belgium, and which the Professor de-
scribes as a fungus of the genus botrydis (from a Greek
word, signifying a cluster). We have heard of two experi-
ments which suggest several important considerations. It
was found in one case that sound potatoes, after a week's
contact with unsound ones, rapidly developed the fungous
appearance. In another instance a potato, in an advanced
stage of the disease, was carefully kept in a dry place for a
week, and this appeared to stop all further decomposition.
In order to test it still further, the same potato was put
down into wet earth for ten days, and even this renewal of
great moisture did not appear to cause the further spread
of the disease. There is some difficulty in determining
whether the brown fungus which overspreads the potato is
the disease itself, or a natural consequence of previously-
existing disease. Professor Lindley, Dr. Lankester, and
other botanical and physiological authorities, are of opinion
that no pa-asitic fungus ever attacks a healthy vegtable
structure : that disease must previously have commenced
before fungus could find a habilat. The practical importance
of this question may be thus stated :—lf the disease is
caused by the fungus, then the potato may be liable to it to
any time, and for several seasons successively. If the fungus
is not the cause, but a natural consequence of disease, then
in dry and genial seasons there is no reason to apprehend the
ravages of this murrain.—Manchester Guardian.
MAN KILLED..—FIDBLITY OF HIS DOG.—Thursday
morning, about half-past four o'clock, a labouring man, who
had lately come from Edinburgh, where he had been working
at the North British Railway, unfortunately met with his
death by the falling of a brick-kiln near to Port Eglinton,
Gorlials. It appears that the deceased, whose body is at
present in the Gorbals Police- office, had laid himself
down to sleep near the kiln where the accident occurred.
He is a stout young man, and is dressed in mole-
skin jacket and trousers, with strong shoes, and red
thibet handkerchief. He had with him a bundle contain-
ing wearing apparel, and 9s. 9d. in silver and copper. A
remarkable incident connected with the above eccurrence
was the fidelity and sagacity exhibited by a dog belonging
to the deceased. After the accident by which the poor man
was literally buried among the bricks, the faithful animal
u-ed every exertion to aid the woekmen to extricate the
body, and would not leave the spot afterwards until taken
away by force. Since the above was written, we learn that
the deceased was named James Brown, and belonged to Ayr-
shire. He left Edinburgh on Wednesday, and intended
going to Mani the lam waviow Arra.