The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-09 00:00:00

mits the fact, and deplores the divisions and dis-
cord which prevail among Christians. Will the
Puseyite doctrines tend to heal these divisions,
or will the half praise and half blame which the
Prelates at theirvisitationsbeAow on N Ewm ANand
his party, encourage Wesleyans and Methodists
to return to the bosom of the Anglican Church?
Dr. COPLESTON will in vain urge his clerical
brethren to promote unity, and bring the stray
sheep into the fold, while Popery is rearing.
its head in the midst of it, the Primate of all
England is calmly and silently looking on,
and one-half of the Episcopal bench is arrayed
against the other.

The news from Canada to which we adverted
last week, relative to the duties to he im-
posed by the Canadian Parliament on wheat to
be imported :hrough Canada in England, excites
a good deal of attention in the provincial jour-
nals. The question has two aspects. We no•
ticed only that unconstitutional one of the Mi-
nisters recommending a colony to impose a tax
on a commodity which is to be consumed by the
people of England. The provincial journals no-
tice that the recommendation places a fixed duty
on corn, amounting, with the Canadian duty 35.,
and the duty on importation in England, exactly
to the Whig duty of Bs. when the price is below
555., -,and only to 4s. when it is above 58s. If it
be meant, as some of the Canadians have inter-
preted Lord STANLEY'S letter, that on the Cana-
dian Parliament levying a duty on American
corn, Canada corn, including American corn
and flour made from it, shall be im-
ported quite free of duty; then the fixed
duty imposed by the Canadian Parliament on the
American wheat, being the may duty, will be
35.; and the whole produce of Western Ame-
rica may be sent to this country at tlitit rate.
As the law now stands it may be sent hither at a
fixed duty of inot exceeding Bs., and that duty
may be 45., if the price be above 58s. only. This
is, however, nothing new. It was mentioned in
the progress of the Corn Bill. Like the Carlisle
Journal, which has some remarks on this sub-
ject, we do not object to lowering the duties, we
object to the mode in which it is done :
The " Farmers' Friends," are at work again (says
that journal), in their vocation of deceivers ; and those
who were gulled by their promises to " protect" agri-
culture, will now find to their astonishment that not
only has the sliding scale failed to afford them one
whit more " protection" against the corn grown on
the continent of Europe, than was offered by Lord
John Russell's proposed fixed duty—to say nothing
of the injury it inflicts by the mode of its operation—
but that a plan has been secretly arranged by these
" farmer's friends," by which the corn of the United
States is actually to be admitted at a fixed duty of
three shillings per quarter ! To -those who, like our-
selves, believe that the more you can.extend the ope-
rations of trade, the better off will be the people—
this intelligence will be hailed with no little pleasure.
We should have preferred that it had been done
openly, and that the trade in corn should have been
direct with the United States, and not by .a sort of
smuggling operation through the Canadas.
This will, doubtless, be looked upon by the mono-
polists in this country as a " a serious blow and great
discouragement ;" and certainly is a step of the utmost
imFortance—because it must, eventually lead to free
trade. It will, if we mistake not, soon be shown that
an extensive business may be carried on in corn, even
in this round-about way; and he will be Wilfully
blind, indeed, who does not see that the extra cost of
carriage into Canada is just so much money wasted—a
waste such as it would be to compel the people of
Brampton to bring their goods by way of Wigton for
sale in Carlisle market.

It is well known that the fertile regions of the
Western States of America are as accessible from
Quebec as from New York, and that it is nearly
as convenient to import their produce from the
St. Lawrence as from the Hudson. Mr. CURTIS,
from Ohio, gave, in his discourse at a meeting
of the Anti-Corn-law League, the following ac-
count of those regions :
The portion of our country best adapted to the cul-
ture of wheat, and to which I wish to call your parti-
cular attention, is comprised in the six north-western
States and territories, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michi-
gan, Wisconsin, and lowa. They contain snore than
178,000,000 acres of land, chiefly arable. England
contains 32,000,000 acres. That portion of their
States which may be called good wheat-land, at three
quarters per acre, would produce in a year 200,000,000
quarters. They are at present just commencing to
pour the immense amount of bread and meat they are
capable of producing into the markets of the world.
Ohio alone, last year, had eight million bushels of
wheat to export. Michigan, which never exported
until 1837, has now a surplus of 250,000 bushels of
wheat, and 300,000 barrels of pork. The population
of these States is now 3,000,000. It has increased
during the last ten years at the rate of two hundred
and two per cent. It has been estimated by practical
men that the amount of their exports would be doubled
or trebled by a good demand in two years.
Under the present laws and proposed regula-
tions there will be no impediment to thatdemand,
wheat being carried to Canada, there ground into
flour, and imported into England. " If," says the
Carlisle Journal, " by the payment of a fixed
duty of 3s. these vast resources of the Western
States can be made available to this country, the
present Corn-law is virtually at an end—and Sir
ROBERT will have accomplished, by a trick, the
overthrow of the most mischievous monopoly
that was ever established in any country."
Sir ROBERT is not only doing that by a trick,
but he is doing it unconstitutionally, and in a
way which will not be so advantageous to Eng-
land as directly abandoning all duty, or
leaving only a 4s. fixed duty. We have
already pointed out, on the authority of
aiN ew York paper, the injury it will inflict
on the trade of New York. It will make
the New York merchants curse our regulations
instead of cursing their own tariff. They will not be
so ready to aid us in getting rid of it. But if the
United States' tariff is not altered, and the import.
of American wheat take place through Canada,
a great and irresistible temptation to smuggling
will arise. The United States bordering on Ca-
nada, and Cmada where it borders on the United
States, will become inhabited by bold despera-
does ; government and law in both countries
will be set at defiance, and Sir R. PEEL'S scheme
will have the merit of spreading demoralisation
over both.

The Madrid mail of the 30th is quite destitute
of news. The Ego del Aragon announces that
an express had arrived at Saragossa from Ma-
drid, with the REGENT'S refusal to permit th(:
Infante Don FRANCISCO DE PAULO, and family,
to pass through the capital on his way to Seville.
The INFANTE is ordered to take the Valencia
route to Andalusia.

The Eco (Madrid) of' the 30th continues to ad-
vocate the necessity for a reduction in the exist-
ing tariff. "The Catalonians," say the Eco,
"confess that they cannot supply more than two-
thirds of the population. But a still more con-
vincing proof of this fact is to be found in the
enormous quantity of foreign manufactures intro-
duced into Spain by the smugglers, who could
not exist were the people sufficiently supplied by
native manufacturers."

Tl.e principal articles in the French papers re-
late to the disarmament of the French fleet; and
the meeting of Deputies who are opposed to a
commercial treaty with Belgium. The former,
which is a very painful topic for the Opposition
journals, gives rise to the following attacks on
M. GUIZOT, in the Courrier Francais:—
" The disarmament of the fleet—the disastrous
measure which has been in agitation, and for which
the Ministry have been silently at work for some
months past, has beck at length consummated, and
the decision froM 'the Minister of Marine has been
forwarded to Toulon.

" In order fully to comprehend the extent and
bearing of this determination of the Government, we
must carry our ideas back to the amendment pro-
posed by M. Lacross in the Chamber of Deputies,
and adopted on the discussion of the budget of
1843. The Chamber then increased the budget of
the marine to the extent of 3,000,000 francs, in order
to increase our naval armament. A complete arma-
ment of twenty sail of the line and thirty frigates
might exhaust our resources, and we can wsll coni
prehend why. The circumstances which called for
this force having passed away, the Government should
think of reducing it. But the reduction now made is
uncalled for, and a larger force might have been kept
up, without being onerous to the State.
" What can have been the motives of the Ministry
in acting in this manner ? It knows very well that
this disarmament, carried into effect in opposi-
tion to the vote passed by the Chamber, will be ex-
posed in the course of the next session of the Chain-
bers, and will 10(14) stormy discussions, which may