The Sun.
London, England, 1842-02-04 00:00:00

SUMMARY OF NEWS

AND
Public Optuton.

" Who runs may read."

FOREIGN.

We have news from South America of the shooting of
the President of Paraiba in his own house, and of the
breaking out of a rebellion in the northern provinces of
Brazil. We begin to despair of the establishment of any
good system of constitutional government in any part of
South America. It is only the Anglo-Saxon races that
have as yet proved themselves capable of exercising the
right of self-government.
We predicted nearly two years ago that France would
yet have to pay dearly for M. Thiers' war whistle.
The following remarks of the Debats upon the
Budget for 1843, presented to the Chamber of Deputies
on Monday, bear out the correctness of our prediction:—
"The budget for 1842, which has been presented by
the Minister of Finance, is satisfactory, inasmuch as it
shows that the receipts nearly balance the expenditure.
The deficit is only twenty-eight millions of francs. It
is important, however, not to lose sight of what had
taken place, in order that there never may be a pretext
for recurring to the adventurous policy from which
France has been snatched. In order to attain this
still equivocal equilibrium it has been necessary
to make many sacrifices. The public debt has been
increased 150 millions. Useful enterprises have been
indefinitely adjourned ; and others, which are in the
course of execution, are going on so slowly, that nobody
knows when they will be completed. The two magni-
ficent canals, which were voted in 1838, and which might
have been completed in 1844, will not be opened per-
haps before 1850 or 1855, for the credit for public works
for 1843 is to remain at the same point as in 1842, and
we know what reductions have been made in the budget
as it was voted last session."
The Presse gives the expose des motifs of the Minister
of Finance, with no other remark than that it is a docu-
ment. of importance, but promises to return to the sub-
ject. The Constitutionnel, and some of the other Jour-
nals, not only have no comment on the document, but do
not even give the document itself or any part of it. The
Courrier Francais and. the Sieele give the leading pas-
sages of the expose, but abstain from comment.
The verdict against the Mode has produced, as was to
have been expected, severe attacks upon the Govern-
ment in the columns of some of the Opposition Journals,
for its determination to attempt by repeated prosecutions
to put down the liberty of the Press.
The National observes :—" It is the destruction of the
Press that is aimed at ; printers are intimidated, and
every possible opportunity is sought to convict a Journal
twice in the same year ; the Prefects are recommended
to select the Juries, and thus, at the same time, two of
the most vital institutions of the country are assailed,
viz., the liberty of the Press and the sanctity of justice.
Is not this violence enough—is
Snot this abuse enough of
the law to make the most blind at length open their
eyes ?" It is necessary for us to state, in order that our
readers may understand the charge of the National, that
a Journal twice condemned for libel upon the Govern-
ment in the same year, may by the laws of September
be suspended.
The Royalist Quotidienne says:—" The double con-
demnation of the responsible editor and printer of the
Mode shows clearly what the plan of the doctrinaires
is. It is war, war to the knife, against the Press. War
against all that remains of our liberties. We shall say
but little now of the great event of the day. We hope
all grave and calm men, of whatever opinion, will con-
cert and struggle against the frightful system of intimi-
dation which has disclosed itself to France."
The Stutgard tGazette of the 30th ult., mentions a re-
port that a Prussian Envoy had been sent to the Ger-
manic Diet, for the purpose of proposing to that Assem-
bly a general amnesty for all political offences, and less
rigorous Press laws for all Germany.
A letter from Berlin, at the same time, of the 24th
ult., states that it was generally believed there that the
liberty of the Press would receive a great extension in
Prussia, the Government being convinced that all public
journals edited in a violent sense, would die away for
want of subscribers.
A Hanover correspondent, in a letter of the 21st
ult., mentions a meeting of the principal merchants
and tradespeople of that capital, for the purpose of
consulting on the expediency of a petition to Govern-
ment to request its adhesion to the German Com-
mercial League. Only two out of 140 votes were in
favour of the accession to the League, and a counter-
petition was voted expressive of the conviction that such
a measure would be prejudicial to all the interests of the
country.
Danish papers mention the condemnation of M. Or-
ladehmann for. a libel upon the Government, and tumul-
tuous meetings of the Liberal party in consequence,
which it was necessary to put down by the police force.
PARLIAMENTARY.
MEETING OF PARLIAMENT.
We gave her Majesty's Speech yesterday in the whole
of our Evening Edition, and conveyed to every part of
the empire the intentions of the Ministers. Her Majesty,
we may add, was never more enthusiastically received,
and never did a greater crowd wait on any Sovereign on
going to meet her Parliament.
In the Upper House, after the Marquis of Clanricarde
had stated that he would on Monday ask a question
about the marriage law of Ireland, the Marquis of Aber-
corn moved an Address in answer to the Speech from the
Throne, which was of the usual character. The Earl of
Dalhousie seconded the motion.
Viscount Melbourne made a very happy attack on the
Tories, all whose forebodings of evil had been disap-
pointed, and who now found, after they had been some
time in office, that the difficulties they had imagined did
not exist.
The Earl of Ripon defended the change in the mind
of the Ministers, from the lugubrious to the sunny.
Their own merit and advent to power had miraculously
put all things to rights.
Lord Brougham declared against the Corn-laws, gave
an explanation of the law as it affected the case of the
Creole, expressed a warm desire to see a cordial friend-
ship with the United States, and advocated au extension
of the Suffrage, though it were ever so gradual. lie de-
clared, with great truth and great emphasis, that
neither the Throne, the Aristocracy, nor our Insti-
tutions, would be safe while our representation was
wholly confined to property, and numbers were, by being
excluded from all share in it, placed in conflict with the
other orders of the State.
Earl Fitzwilliam insisted on the necessity of making
the alteration in the Corn-laws a comprehensive mea-
sure, and called for an explanation, which he said woult
be asked by the country, of the causes why the farmers
friend had left the Cabinet.

The Duke of Wellington declined to enter into any
description of the measure which the Government was
to bring forward on the Corn-laws.
The Duke of Buckingham said, that when a measure
was proposed of which he could not approve, he had
thought it his duty, as an honest man, to leave the Ca-
binet. He should oppose his late Colleagues' measure on
the Corn-laws with all his power when it came to that
House, but on other subjects he should continue to give
them his support. •
The Address was agreed to, nem. con.
• In the Commons, new writs were moved for the
Western Division of Cornwall, for Leominster, Bandon-
Bridge, 'Dublin University, King's Lynn, and Liverpool.
Notices were given of motions,,on the part of Ministers,
for Bills to applygrants of the two last Sessions to the ser-
vice of 1841, to amend the Passengers Act, to regulate
the sale and survey of lands in New Zealand and Aus-
tralia, to regulate the salaries of Bishops in Jamaica
and Barbadoes, and to consolidate the laws on Colonial
Trade, to amend the Railway Act, and to provide for the
more effectual suppression of lunatic asylums. The Mi- •
nisters are chalking out plenty of work for themselves
and for Parliament.
The Earl of March, Member for 'West Surrey, in a
neat, but very short speech, and much to the purpose,
moved the Address.
Mr. Becket, the Member for Leeds, seconded the
motion, and assured the House that the distress in Leeds
was increasing.
Mr. Ewart reminded Sir Robert Peel of the necessity
for giving the people relief on the articles of sugar and
coffee as well as corn. He expressed his approbation of
Ca p
nL crouoperrdr erjnt
John
-t
ax.
Lord 4e
nt
ms se lols, t wphai lret s h eo
fe xtphree s sAe dd
dhis s c ocrodui
ladl
not refrain from pointing out to the House the satis-
faction he felt at finding the Tories had embraced
the opinions of the late Ministers. The Noble Lord
broadly and boldly asserted the principle that taxation
Should be got rid of which was not levied for the pur-
poses of State, and happilyridiculed the attempts which
had been- Made to deceive the people about Corn-laws
and Short-time Bills.

Sir Robert Peel followed Lord Johnßussell, but while
he justified himself for receiving the Short-time Commit-
tee Deputation, not knowing the persons, he took no
notice of Lord John Russell's remarks on the Corn-laws

and a property-tax.
Mr. Villiers expressed, in a few and pithy sentences,
his satisfaction that the landlords had been made aware
that there was a power greater than theirs.
Mr. Estcourt deplored the banishment from the Cabinet
of the farmers' friend, and the friend of Lord Ashley's
friends.

The Address was agreed to without amendment.
The Commons rose at Seven, and the Lords at Eight
o'Cleck,

PUBLIC OPINION.
The Times hints, in its principal leading article, at
some of the chief topics that will be alluded to in the
Queen's Speech ; and in another article states, with re-
ference to the Duke of Buckingham's resignation, that
though on the particular subject of the Corn-laws, he
declines partaking the respOnsibilityfof Ministers, the
difference between him and them, is not wide enough to
cause the least alienation or even coldness. He con-
tinues to the Government his friendship, his cordial ap-
probation, and on every point but this one, his steady
support.
The Advertiser warns the people to " repose no confi-
dence in Peel until the measures he announces have be-
come the law of the land. Let not the introduction of a
Liberal Anti. Corn-law Bill," adds the Advertiser, " put