The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-25 00:00:00

THE SUN,, LONDON. SATURDA V EVENING, OCTOBER 25, 1845

- about their mo- Argentine Confederation, :against which we have no ,
bandry, they should be very anxious
of the utmost cauTsheeof
privilegescomplaint.
t w
rality. To the poor man character wasehave in commerce, pastoral or agri-
-I
importance, and the more it was appreciate- 1 lety at cultural pursuits, inland navigation, or any other branch
we may please to adopt, place us on a better
themselves, the more it would be benefiting soc,, •.+he of industry
large, tending as it would to increase the strength of . . footing than ' the natives themselves, since we
nation to an extent and in a manner none of us could • .enjoy all
nrwithout rights best
sufficiently appreciate.— 'e
(Cheers.) He had ventured to th,therefore consider it our bounden duel/ solemnly.
any of their serious burdens ;
throw out these observations ; there was nothing new in and N.
them, be was aw are, but in delivering them he had, at and font:ally to remonstrate against any metesnre calcu-
least, gratified himself'. He hoped they would be taken, lated to imcmair the position we at present enjoy.
as he had no doubt they would, in good part by them all, We have settled here on the faith of a treaty with this
and that they would at all times strive to do their best republic, which,
so far as we are ooncerned, s fulfilled
for there might be times when they would be glad to de- to us all the stipulations it ce,ntains, and we cannot
pend upon each other.—(Hear.) He had nothing more therefore but regret that any measure should be adapted,
to say than to ask them to drink with cordiality, "Sue- by order of her Majesty's Government, which may in
cess to the Worksop Labourers' Friend Society." He any degree affect or prejudice our interests.
trusted it might always flourish, and he trusted also, that Your petitioners cannot but deplore the armed inter-
though this was his first time of meeting them, it would Tendon of her Majesty's Government in the disputes or
not be the last. He hoped he might be present on future political differences of these states, particularly so, as
occasions, when they would not only celebrate the pros- such step has apparently been taken without due con-
perity of this Society, but of every establishment con- sideratio
is n o
th f the largetry, and interesthe ts belonging to
oss the British
netted with the people's good.—(Cheers.) subjec in is coun utter of
Sir T. WRITE proposed the health of his Grace the , their being realised for an indefinite period, from the
Duke of Neweastl,-. depreciation of the currency and consequent suspension
of trade, both which arisa from the adoption of the

The Noble CHAIRMAN thanked them very kindly
the handsome manner in which his health had been
received. Sir Thomas White had mentioned one cir-
cumstance in connexion with his name, and that was
with respect to garden-allotments to the poor. If there
was any merit attached to that it belonged to his friend
Mr. Wilmot, who was always forward in the cause of
benevolence, and in all those worthy actions which
tended to benefit the poor. It was to him that he (the
Noble Duke) was indebted for adopting the system of
garden-allotments, and for a great number of other im-
provements on his estate ; and to him, therefore, the
merit was justly due. The only merit he (the Noble
Chairman) could claim was, that he subscribed to what
had been so kindly and benevolently proposed by Mr.
Wilmot.
The health of Sir T. White and several other toasts
having been proposed,
The Noble CHAIRMAN rose to propose " the Agricul-
tural Labourers." It had become of late almost the
fashion to sympathise with the poor. There could not
be a more worthy and excellent fashion, but even
that view might be carried too far, and they might
by injudicious representations and injudicious acts
do more harm than good. If they took a man out
of his situation, and made him discontented by telling
him poverty was a misfortune, they would be doing
considerable mischief, and making his mind uneasy on a
point on which he had no occasion to be uneasy at all,
because, though his station was inferior to those who
employed him, and though he could not possess those
comforts which wealth had at command, yet he might
be a happy man, and would be, if he were not made dis-
contented.—(Hear.) He (the Noble Chairman) had as
strong a feeling for the poor man as any one, but he
would not do anything that would sacrifice his future
peace for the sake of his present hopes ; he should not
think he was dcing his duty by holding out the promise
of an object which it was utterly impossible the poor
man could obtain. There were high and low, rich and
poor in this world, and we should be contented and happy
in the situation in which we were placed. There was
nothing more deserving of respect than a well-beloved
poor man ; his conduct always commanded the good
feeling of those who witnessed it. He trusted they
would all do their best to better the poor man's condi-
tion without ever hinting to him that he ought to be
what he never could be. The rich man depended upon
the labour for his wealth, and the poor man on him for
employment, and thus there was a mutual dependence
which it was highly essential to preserve. The Noble
Duke concluded by speaking in warm terms of the
farmers and farm labourers of Nottinghamshire, the
latter of whom were as well or better paid than the
s in any other country.

measures we have already cited.
We therefore humbly and respectfully request that all
forcible intervention in the affairs of these countries may
be put an end to, and that the local political differences
of Buenos Ayres and Mont. Video be permitted to be
settled by tl,e inhabitants themselves, and that the rights
of all be duly and lawfully respected.
We disclaim in the most positive manner the impulse
of any motive for political meddling in the local affairs
of Buenos Ayres or Moate Video, and we trust that your
Lordship will cause such measures to be adopted as in
your wisdom may seem just and proper for the protec-
tion of the interests of your petitioners, who, as in duty
bound, will ever pray.

FRIDAY NIGHTS GAZE f
DOWNING-STREET, Ocr. 24, 1345.
The Queen has been pleased to anoint William Winniett,
Esq., Commander in the Royal Navy, to be Lieutenant-Go-
vernor of Her Majesty's Forts and Settlements on the Gold
Coast.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Henry Dun-
can DAgin Esq., to be Inspector General of Police for the
Island of iarbadoes.
WAR-OFFICE, OcT. 24.
3d Dragoon Guards—Veterinary Surgeon T. Browne, from
the 6th Dragoon Guards, to be Veterinary Surgeon, vice Isaac
Timm, who retires upon half pay, Oct. 24.
6th Dragoon Guards—Veterinary Surgeon_ G. Johnston,
from half-pay 9th Light Dragoons, to be Veterinary Surgeon,
vice Browne, appointed to the 3d Dragoon Guards, Oct. 24.
9th Light Dragoons—Lieutenant Gilbert Thomas Nichol-
son to be Captain, by purchase, vice Dawson, who retires,
Oct. 24; Cornet and Adjutant William Hamilton to have the
rank of Lieutenant, Oct. 23; Cornet Francis John M'Farlane
to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Nicholson, Oct. 24.
13th Light Dragoons—Sergeant Major Edward. Hall, from
the 17th Light Dragoons, to be Adjutant (with the rank of
Cornet), vice Floyd, deceased, Oct. 24.
7th Regiment of Foot—Ensign A. A. Ruxton, from 16th
Foot, to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vies Woulfe, who retires,
Oct. 24.
16th Foot—Lieut. F. Asbpitel to be Captain, by purchase,
vice Wallace, who retires ; Ensign G. J. Peacocke to be
Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Ashpitel ; W. Armstrong,
Gent., to be Ensign, by purcbase„vice Ruxton, promoted in
the 7th Foot, Oct. 24.
19th Foot—Lieut. W. T. Parratt to be Captain, by pur-
chase, vice Deacon, who retires : Ensign C. K. Skeete to be
Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Parratt ; G. W. H. Massy,
Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Skeete, Oct. 21.
20th Foot—Lieut. C. C. Abbott. from the half-pay of the
13th Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice Hollis, appointed to the
Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment.
21st Foot—Second Lieut. E. Clemison to be First Lieu-
tenant, without purchase, vice Bolton, appointed Adjutant
31st Foot; C. P. King, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant, vice
Clemison • Assistant Surgeon F. H. Clark, from the 57th
Foot, to be Assistant Surgeon, vice Tupper, who' exchanges,
Oct. 21.
23d Foot.—D. Grantham, Gent., to be Assistant Surgeon,
vice Currey, who resigns, Oct. 24.
31st Foot.—Lieut. A. S. Bolton, from the 21st Foot, to be
Adjutant and Lieutenant, vice Wilton, promoted in the 50th
Foot, Oct. 24.
34th Foot—D. W. Eaton, Gent., to be Assistant-Surgeon,
Oct. 24.
43d Foot—Ensign J. A. Dick to be Lieutenant, by pur-
chase, vice Lord Tullamore, who retires; C. C. de Morel,
Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Dick, Oct 24.
54th Foot—T. Moorhead, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon,
Oct. 24.
55th Foot—Captain W. H. L. D. Cuddy, from half-pay
Unattached, to be Captain, vice T. A. Heriot, who ex-
changes; Ensign E. J. T. Montresor to be Lieutenant, by
purchase, vice Cuddy, promoted; H. P. Feilden, Gent., to
be Ensign, by purcharse, vice Montressor, Oct. 24.
57th Eoot—Assistatit-Surgeon F. W. Tupper, from the 21st
Foot, to be Assistant Surgeon, vice Clark, who exchanges,
Oct. 24.
73d Foot—Captain T. Cradock, from half-pay Unattached
to be Captain, vice C. F. Parkinson, who exchanges, re-
ceiving the difference; Lieut. R. P Campbell to be Captain,
by purchase, vice Cradock, who retires; Ensign H. C. Owen,
to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Campbell; F. Reeves,
Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Owen, Oct. 24.
89th Foot—Lieutenant L. Sk) nner, from the 93d Foot, to
be Lieutenant, vice Shuter, who exchanges, Oct. 24.
93d Foot—Lieutenant J. Shuter, from 89th Foot, to be
Lieutenant, vice Skynner, who exchanges, Oct. 24.
Rifle Brigade—Lieut. A. Macdonell to be Captain, lay pur-
chase, vice John Rooper, who retires ; Second Lieut . W. R.
C. Spencer to be First Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Mac-
donell; the Hon. J. Stuart to be Second Lieutenant, by pur-
chase, vice Spencer, Oct. 24.
Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment—Lieutenant R. Hollis,
from the 20th Foot, to be Lieutenant, vice Brannan, pro-
moted, Oct. 24.
UsrArracnan.—Lieut. W. H. L. D. Cuddy, from the 55th
Foot, to be Captain, by purchase, Oct. 2 4.
BREVET.—Captain T. Cradock, of the 73d Foot, to be
Major in the Army, June 28, 1838.
MEMORANDUM.—Captain David Meaden, upon half-pay
unattached, has been allowed to retire from the Army with
the sale of an unattached commission, he being about to settle
in the island of Ceylon, Oct. 24, 1845.
Erratum in the Gazette of Oct. 17.
Marotta/cm:ls. For the commission of Ensign S.
B. Hartigan, in the 3d West India Regiment, to be
antedated March 1, 1845, instead of July 30, 1844, read, the
commission of Ensign S. B. Hartigan, in the 3d West
India Regiment, has been altered from July 30, 1844, to
March 1, 1845.
Commission signed by the Lord Lieutenant of Staffordshire.
Queen's Own Royal Yeomanry Cavalry—W. Challinor,
Gent., to be Cornet, Oct. 17.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire.
Montgomeryshire Yeomanry Cavalry—P. F. Leicester,
Gent., to be Cornet, vice Jones, resigned; N. Burlinson, Gent.,
to be Adjutant, Oct. 7.

TRIBUNAL OF COMMERCE AT
ROUEN, OCT. 18.
(From the Journal des Debits.)
This day the Court commenced an inquiry into the
calamity which occurred on the 19th of August, is the
valleys of Monville and Malaunay. It will be in the
recollection of our readers, that in August last a tempest
and whirlwind, in the vicinity of Rouen, blew down a
factory, and occasioned much injury to property and
persons. The parties insured in the various fire com-
panies have made claims, which are resisted on the
ground that the injuries were occasioned by a meteor or
luminous body, which appeared with other phenomena.
The question is whether insurance companies in France
are liable for fires, the result of electricity and
meteorology.
No less than 110 witnesses are to be examined, and
four consecutive sittings are appointed fur the investiga-
tion of all the ciratunstances of this extraordinary case.
The Journal des Debuts, which enters into all the
details of the proceeding, says," We observed in the
place reserved for the editors of the journals of Rouen
and Paris, a stenographist from the capital, who is in-
structed by one of the parties to take, verbatim, the de-
positions of the witnesses, and all the incidents.
A geometrical plan of the course taken by the meteor,
together with the names of the proprietors and the
nature of the devastations, drawn by M. Lecerf, geome-
trician, and lithographed, was distrituted in Court.
The assured, who are plaintiffs against the Royal In-
surance Company, the General Insurance Company, and
eight others, insurance societies against fire, brought into
Court branches of trees made up in bundles, the trunk
of a young tree, and other vestiges of property destroyed,
to prove the violence of the hurricane. These remains
were exposed before the Court, also a tree six inches in
diameter. The latter had been sawed off just below the
part where it was struck by lightning, in order to show
the longitudinal fibres and sap deprived of their bark by
the electric fluid.
The President (M. Dreuzy) ordered the witnesses to
be called, and read a list of facts to be proved, according
to the order of the Court on the 3d of October.
M. Payen appeared as Counsel for M. Bailleul, one
of the assured ; M. Gaignoeux, for the Royal Fire In-
surance Company. It was arranged that the witnesses
should be divided into four series, and 25 be examined
each day.
The President then said the Court, after sitting this
day, would continue the inquiry on Monday and Wed-
nesday next.
Among the witnesses we found the parents and widows
of the unfortunate victims in mourning.
M. De Monville, the proprietor of large estates upon
the scene of the disaster, but who, by singular good for-
tune, had no injury done to his factory, is on the list of
the persons to be examined.
Hercule Riche, farrier, aged 50, was the first witness.
Having been sworn, he deposed that he saw the storm
rising in the direction of Marolles Saint Jean. It burst
upon Gaudry, with whirlwinds and wares of fire, which
spread over the valley. lie was sensible of a bad odour.
The streak or waves of fire which he saw were red,
yellow, and all colours. The form of these streaks
changed. Whirlwinds of fire seemed to turn round.
There was a deal of rain with the storm. The thun-
derbolt fell near the fountain at Marolles. He felt the
ground shake under him.
Augustin Theobule Levillain, a servant at St. Jean,
deposed that the storm agitated the trees in a way he
had never witnessed before. The apples and leaves were
blown away. It was so dark he could not see the heavens
or the earth. The servant girl in the house with him
was alarmed when they saw the fire in the clouds. The
girl believed it was lightning. He said "No ; it is a
sort of fire spout." The odour was strong—he did not
know whether it was the odour of fire or gunpowder. He
had seen the leaves in the garden of Madame Lemit.
The trees and leaves were burnt by the fire which had
passed that way.
Questioned by M. Gaignoeux—Did you feel any sensa-
tion of fear ?
Answer—l am accustomed to the weather and tra-
velling. Thank God, lam not timid. I have no dread
of thunder ; hewever, if in danger from it, I should fear
for my life as much as another.
Q.—The trees were torn up by the roots ?
A.—They were. The leaves dropped off, and became
black.
Madame Desmarais saw the clouds congregate. They
formed an astonishing mass, terminating in a streak like
a ribbon, red with fire like a thunderbolt.
M. Slumberger did not see the ball of fire. He heard
the thunder, and went out of his office and saw part of
the factory roof carried away. Many trees had been
blown down and uprooted. They were twisted, burnt,
and driven away in several directions. One workman
was in the fields at the moment of the catastrophe. Ac-
cording to his acceunt part of the building was not
thrown down.
It appeared from the examination of other witnesses,
that in the factory they had some iron and zinc in a
closet, which did not undergo any alteration. The roof
of one of the buildings was of slate, which also re-
mained unaltered. Hail fell in abundance. The larger
building was damaged on the south-east side, but
the smaller building on the north-west, covered with
slate, was unroofed. The Insurance Company in which
the establishment (factory) was insured, refused to
pay the amount of damage sustained, because it was
produced by fire from the heavens. After the thunder
ceased, the fire spread to the woods of Madame Thorel
and those of Madame Noyer. The sheepfolds on the
plain were dispersed by the violence of the hurricane.
The hut of the shepherd entirely disappeared. Many
birds fell down dead. The shepherd (Demart) was in
the hut when it fell. When the whole had been blown
away he got up to look after his sheep. He received
wounds in the eye, on his thighs, and his side. He re-
turned to the space where his hut had stood to look for
two five-franc pieces, which he had lost, but could not
find them. The money was afterwards picked up by
his master. In the fields several dead crows were
found without feathers. The vapour observed during,
the phenomena was densely black. At the moment the
meteor appeared a tailor named Bellanger was at
work in his kitchen. He was struck by what seemed
to him a cloud with a strong light in the middle.
It increased in size and brightness, and the rain
began to fall. ,He left his house, and at the
same instant the thunderbolt fell. A cry was
raised for help. The thunder, it was said, had
struck the factory of M. Neven. He ran to assist the
unfortunate workpeople, and removed some of the fallen
rubbish. The bricks were so hot that they burnt his
hands. He could not convey an idea of the stench occa-
sioned by the burning matter. The (;ark heavy cloud
which came before th fire was seen in the direction of
the cemetery of Malaunay.
thems.itGtinaiggne
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Tthiciee,Tvridibeunnoeal
After some further details, and especially the rescue
of a little girl from the factory by a Madame Blanchard,
then applied to the Court to interdict
publicationtheThepre
iid to- f—
has no authority over tl e
press; but the shorthand writers will,
no doubt, feel tl e
necessity of acting with discretion
(A voice below the bar.)—lt •• is •
impossible. The re-
porters' correspondence with Paris has been sent off
the railway some hours.
Another voice—The proceedings •
of this morning are
now composed for the journals of Rouen.
The Court then adjourned.

HOP INTELLIGENCE.—KENT.—The weather of this
Faversham
week has somewhat improved upon last, which has afforded
relief from the despondency of those who had not picked all
their hops. A better condition is also slightly observable in
114;0004 ;
the hops, and the duty has consequently risen. A person
who takes interest in this subject has made the following
computation of they ty that will be realised from each disg-
-str,oicoot
1. ;Rcoacnhteesrtberr,n"s,3ooo,oolo.
0;
I.S;uWsseoxrc,
Worcester,
King-
dom, 2,0001. ; total, 158,0001. General accounts state that
the picking is now drawing to a close, but that in some
places it will not be finished for a fortnight, and in others
that the hops will not be picked at all, for, owing to the
scarcity of Ifand;, they will not be worth anything after a
further delay. We find that the lowest set of the duty is
150,0004, and the highest 1G5,0001.—Canterbury Journal.
DARING OUTRAGE.—GALLANT CONDUCT OF THE
PEOPLE. —On Wednesday last, in the middle of the: day, two
daring ruffianly Terry Alta attacked a farmer's house, named
Michael Cooney, in the parish of Killuran, county Clare,
while the family were out at work, not one being in the house
at the time but Mrs. Cooney, and succeeded in carrying off a
gun. Mrs. Cooney immediately gave the alarm to the men
at work in the garden, who, aided by all the neighbours, pur-
sued these scoundrels, and succeeded in making them relin-
quish the gun, which (though they several times threatened
to fire on the people) they threw away, being closely pressed.
The people afterwards gave the alarm to four police-stations
in the neighbourhood, when the police assisted in pursuing
the villains in the direction of Ogunnello, but, unhappily,
though they had them in view for a long time, without suc-
cess.—Limerick Reporter.
STATE OF TRADE.—We have to report an in-
creased depression in almost all branches of the lace trade.
In the hosiery trade there is said to be some slight improve-
ment.—Nottingham Review.
FIRE AT NEWPORT.—On Monday last four cot-
tages, at Newport, were destroyed by fire, occasioned by a
boy smoking a piece of a bulirush, some of the ashes of which
ignited a small shed,—Chelmsford Chronicle.

AINT MAII.GAIZET S UHURC_i-
YARD.

HE LATE JOHN JACKSON, ESQ ,
DENOMINATED THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF
OF TEE P.R.

The following letter has been tvldres:ed to the Edit°,
of the Lancet:—

Sir,—Nothing of late has occupied public attention
or roused the common feelings of our nature, so much as
the horrors of intramural, or metropolitan sepultures :
the danger of such proceedings has been universal))
admitted by all those disinterested, scientific, and prac-
tical men, who have deeply
.investigated the subject ;
and the outrageous desecrations of the sanctity of the
graves of the dead, recently brought to light in Spa-
fields, have, I really believe, excited public indignation
to the highest pitch. Your readers will remember, the.
the Lancet of February last chronicled facts, and in the
same article you—gave some original observations, re-
gardirg that shameful place. The Weaaninster Review
has well remarked, " that:so long as these matters do
nut seize violently, and continuously by the nose the
people of quality, no public commotion is raised, no Parlia
went petitioned, no sound is heard about the neglectec
heaiths of the community!" It is too evident, Sir, the.
powerful influence is at work to smother or overlay this
question. lam much mistaken if the persons who at
tempt to do so will not ultimately regret that they has:
not acted up t.) the old adage—" Honesty is the best
policy." Meanwhile I desire to put on record, in your
journal, the following brief narrative of facts. Or
August 233, 1845, I was requested to attend the funera
of my late patient, Miss --, at St. Margaret's Church-
yard, Westminster. During the p,,rformance of the bu
rial service, the situation of the parties was as follows:—
the clergyman stood to the windward, or at the head o
the grave; the mourners were placed laterally; whilst a
mute occupied the foot, and to the leeward side, of the
grave. The mute, as the service advanced, staggered
was unable to keep himself erect, and became dead))
pale; he was removed to the vestry-room, suffering from
pain in the bowels, which ended in diarrhoea; his health
was deranged during the two subsequent days; on the
night of the funeral, the undertaker was seized with.
diarrhoea and faintness, and continued in a debilitate 6
state for some days after; one of the mourners on his
return home was affected with the same symptoms, am]
rendered unable to follow his employment for an entire
week ; and it may be as well to observe here, as a re-
markable coincidence, that the wife of one of the
mourners, was, late on the night of the funeral, or early
next morning attacked with apoplexy, and expired in
two or three days. In conclusion, I beg to say that
felt during the funeral, and for some time afterwards.
very unplasant sensations, although my health was not
deranged by the inhalation of the animal gases or
poison. All these circumstances tend to strengthen tie
preconceived impression, that illness of a serious nature
may be produced. and even death in many instanees
ensue, by attendance at the burial-grounds of this me-
tropolis, which are known to be more than common))
charged with human putrefactions. Although the above-
mentioned cases did not terminate fatally, yet, I con-
sider the subject of extraordinary interest to
those who are seeking to discover tangible
sources of disease. and to employ preventable
means of suppressing its operations. The facts
already spoken of, may be compared with many
others on record, but especially with the cases given in
the Lancet in June 1840, regarding the burial-ground ire
question. The grave-digger, in that instance, whilst
engaged in opening a grave, was struck down by the
effluvium, and after suffering for a few days from the
worst type of malignant fever, expired. The medical
attendant, a young friend of mine hoping to attain at
some future day to honourable distinction in his profes-
sion, who was called in, was seized with similar symp-
toms, and died in a few days ; his faithful servant, by
her assiduous attention to her master, imbibed the like
disease, and soon fell a sacrifice. The Commissioners for

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

" Praising what is lost
Mikes the remembrance more dear "—SRA LiPERE.

Sra,—lt has been the decided opinion of the London Press,
and some of the most distinguished men in the Republic of
Letters, who have devoted the whole of their existence to
the interesting department of literature that biography is of so
much importance that there is no person, let his station be
aver so exalted, who has not derived amusement and infor-
mation from that mirror of experience, which other men's
virtues, or misfortunes afford; and, in no instance can it be
stronger verified, to show what can be achieved by observa-
Lton, accompanied with a strong mind, than the life of the
shove public character in this great metropolis, who died at
his residence, 4, Grosvenor-street, Grosvenor-place, on the

- •
7th instant, aged 77.
" I knew him well, Horatio."
The Duke's son may go to the University to obtain learning,
sense. and knowledge; the youth of my Lord Marquis may
,Iso be sent to Oxford or Cambridge to become a superior
,nan in society and obtain degrees ; and the Baronet's darling
boy spend his early days at Eton, to cut a figure in the world ;
and yet after all the drilling they have undergone, they
prove almost—nobodies, except an importance from their
titles and fortunes. Such events are every-day occurrences;
but the late John Jackson, Esq., had none of those advanta-
geous helps to give him a lift over his fellows ; yet, neverthe-
'ess, he was one of the most finished gentlemen to be met with

amongst men of superior birth and high breeding—and his
commencement to obtain notoriety only that of a boxer!
He did not boast of origin, but he was respectably connected
in life, his father being a builder. His contests in the P. R.
were only three in number, with Fewterell, a Birmingham
man, who had won eighteen battles, on June 9, 1788. Few-
rerell was so large a man, and powerful in the extreme, that
m opinion was entertained Jackson would never be able to
knock him down. In one hour and seven minutes Fewtereil
acknowledged enough ! Major Hanger, by command of the
Prince of Wales, who was present, gave Jackson a bank note
of a large amount forhis display of courage and science. At
Ingatestone, in Essex, against George, the Brewer, on Mari h
12, 1789. George was upwards of six feet. The odds were 7
to 4 on Jackson, and he must have won it in a canter, but
the rain had made the stage in a slippery state, when Jackson
tell down, dislocated his allele, and broke the small bone of
his leg, and could not stand up to fight any longer, but he
offered to be tied to a chair, and finish the contest, but the

brewer refused.
At Hornchurch, in Essex, April 15, 1795, upwards of fifty
years since, he fought with Mendoza for 200 guineas aside.
This contest braught out all the great amateurs—the Duke
of Hamilton, Lord Delaval, Sir John Phillipson &c.
5 to 4 on Mendoza, but Jackson treated the efforts of the
Jew with the greatest indifference. After the fourth round
it was any odds upon Jackson ; the latter held Mendoza by
the hair—the umpires decided it was fair, and in consequence
of which the Jew was hit all to pieces. It was over in ten
minutes and a half; Jackson scarcely touched as to punish-
ment.
Soon after the above circumstance Mr. Jackson was married
to a most respectable widow, who kept the Cock at Sutton,
in Surrey, when he pledged himself to his wife not to enter
the P. R. any more, and he kept his word with the strictest
punctuality. He then opened his rooms, 13, Bond-street,
' whick afterwards became so celebrated and well attended by
the nobility, sentry, and literary men of the day. In fact,
it was a fashionable introduction to men of all ranks to be-
come acquaintedwith the movements of the town ; and none
but gentlemen were permitted to sign their names on the
list of subscribers placed in the most conspicuous part of the
room. It was decidedly an aristocratic feature altogether.
One little event will forcibly illustrate this remark ; the
writer of this article called rather suddenly one morning on
Mr. Jackson at the rooms, when he was giving a lesson to a

the improvements in Westminster, reported to Parha
ment thirty years since, that hardly could a single gray(
be obtained in St. Margaret's Church-yard. Withou
further comment I leave this subject.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
J. C. ATKINSON.
Romney-terrace, Westminster, Sept. 29th, 1845.

nobleman; he instantly stepped forward-to the door—" My
dear boy," said he in a whisper, " be kind enough not to
proceed a step further, his Lordship possesses such refined
taste and so anxious about his quality, that if he could help
it he would not let a fly look at him."
Jackson rose rapidly into patronage with the public,
fortune knocked at his door, and he was called
"THE JACKSON !
The idol of the P. R. from the very highest to the lowest sup-

ALABASTER MINES OF
CASTELLINA.
By far the most interesting and important of the dif-
ferent varieties of gypsum is the fine white alabaster
found in the neighbourhood of Caste Ulna, where it is
regularly stratified, and is worked in properly constructed
mining galleries. The little town of Castellina, distant
about 20 or 24 miles from Volterra, is reached by a
rocky road over wild rugged mountains. It is situated
on the W.N.W. slope of the hills of Monte Vase, over-
looking in that directicn an extensive and slightly undu-
lating plain of tertiary marls, which there can be no
doubt extend round the north point of the Monte Vase
chain, and are connected with those of the Val d'Era and
the Volterra district.
We entered the mine by an inclined path, and, passing
underground, soon reached an open well or large in-
verted cone, round which the inclined path is carried, and
where the section of marls and gypsum is well exposed.
As the descending road passes through the third and
fourth gypsum beds, galleries are seen striking into the
rock in all directions. The first and second gypsum bed,
are of an uniform character and grey colour, and do no+
contain any alabaster blocks. These are found princi-
pally in the third and fourth beds, and occur as irregular
isolated spherical masses imbedded in the gypsum, from
which they are, mineralogically speaking, distinctly
separated by a thin black crust, which indicates to the
workmen the existence of the finer modules. These mo-
dules are most frequent in the lower parts of the stratum,
and occur in regular layers, never touching, although
varying much iu their distances from each other. They
vary much in size, weighing from 20 or 301bs. to upwards
of 2,0001b5. When the workman discovers the black
crust, he is at once aware that he is near a block of ala-
baster, and by following the direction of the crust, he re-
moves the gypsum all round until he has nearly detached
the whole module, which is at last carefully separated
from the parent rock. Gunpowder is occasionally used
to blast the rock when no black crust indicates the ex-
istence of the alabaster. This crust, in connexion with
the pure alabaster, is perhaps one of the most curious
features of the mine. On close examination it appears
to be laminar and concentric, and to consist of layers of
blue clay and gypsum. Now the whole formation of
gypsum contains a small portion of clay, which gives it
the greyish colour, and it is probable that when that
peculiar principle, whether crystalization, attraction, or
electricity, which caused the aggregation of the particles
of gypsum in greater purity, and in a more crystalline
state, was in operation, one of its chief effects was to
expel to the circumference all the particles of argillacP-
ous matter previously mixed up with the gypsum ; a
process which would continue until either the crust itself
opposed a resistance to the further action of this prin
ciple, or until two opposing spheres nearly came in contact
with each other. Very fine crystals of selenite, and some-
times of a large size, are not unfrequently found in the
fissurk sof the gypsum. They are used for the purpose
of making the fine Scagliola cement, and are conse•
quently sold at a much higher price than the more
ordinary gypsum. The price of the fine alabaster is 5
Tuscan lire the 1001 b. Tuscan at the quarry, or 8 if de-
livered in Leghorn.—Quaff terly Journal of the Geological
Society.

porters and admirers of the art of seff-defence. Viewed as a
teacher of the above art, his qualifications were so rare as to be
pronounced above praise. His gentlemanly but firm conduct,
the urbanity of his manners, his great knowledge of society,
and always acting upon that superior acquirement in the most
impartial manner, placed him in that peculiar situation which
no other man could, or will ever arrive at in the pugi-

listic sporting world. The man who could please the most
aristocratic_and fastidious class of society by his intellectual
qualities and observation and experience with human nature,
and at the same time, and in the same breath, could awe and
subdue the most determined and violent fellows, which were
to be met with on many public occasions in sporting affairs,
must have been " a man to be picked out of ten thousand."
In all his decisions on sporting matters which were referred
to him they have given general satisfaction. One anecdote
will suffice :
A young man :of fashion and family, rather addicted to
play, in the early part of his career mixed with several per-
sons at gambling-houses, not of the most sound character, tc
whom he lost 17,0004 and gave, on the impulse of the moment
his I. 0. U. for the amount of the above sum when he became
possessed of the property belonging to his father, who was a
wealthy baronet. Upon the death of his parent, when the
above sum was demanded, he appeared to Mr. Jackson whether
he should pay it.
" Have you any doubts on the subject," asked Mr. Jackson ?
" I have," he replied, " nay almost a certainty in my own
mind."
" But have you any positive proofs to satisfy me that you
was cheated. I must have proofs to that effect; your
thoughts upon the subject is no evidence for me to decide
upon?"
"To tell the truth, as a gentleman and a man of honour,
have no decided proofs to lay before you, as to documents on
the subject ; but, from the character of the gamblers, and other
circumstances connected with their lives, I think—nay I am
sure —I Wa., cheated."
" Sir William," was the answer of Mr. Jackson, " if you
have no decided proofs to bring forward that you have been
cheated, my plain and straightforward advice is, to pay the
money, and to, keep better company for the remainder of
your life."
"Jackson, I thank you," was the reply of the Baronet, " it
shall." It was paid the next day.
The writer of this biographical sketch never saw any teacher
of the art of self-defence appear so well fortified against any
attack as the late Mr. Jackson; his front appeared like a
castle, with a cannon at every point of it to assail an enemy.
He always stood on the defensive before his pupils, and he
told them to hit at him on any part of his face, body, or
where their eye suggested, arid not to care about his person.
He then generally stopped their efforts, and pointed out their
mistakes ; at other times he would observe, when a
nobleman was taking lessons of him, " Mind, my Lord,
take care of yourself. I shall hit out, and then you must not
blame me if you receive a tap or two from the gloves?" He
managed his instructions with so much address that his
pupils listened to him with raptures and attention. He was
an immense hard hitter. During the early part of his career
Mr. Jackson was on a visit to Mr. Durand, a great sporting
character, residing on his estate at Croydon. During a con-
versation about sparring, a gallant colonel from Auld Reekie,
also a visitor, seemed to entertain an opinion that a blow from
the gloves could not hurt any person. Mr. Durand insisted
on the contrary, and observed if the colonel would have a
set-to with Jackson, the argument would be practically de-
monstrated; but, at the same time, he should not complain if
the hits proved harder than he had anticipated, and he might
be hurt.
The colonel was a Highlander, stood upwards of six feet,
strong almost as an Hercules, and as hardy as a lion : pos-
sessing bravery and courage, so ardently manifested by
Scotchmen in general, he laughed to scorn the idea of Mr. Du-
rand that the gloves could hurt him. " Hoot awa' mon,
hurt me? It is nonsense to think about it." The gloves
were put on by each of them, when in a very short time the
colonel received such a severe blow on the face, that he stag-
gered a few paces and dropped on a chair quite confused,
nay, insensible, and looked round him in amazement. He
said nothing, but silence gave consent, and as soon as he re-
covered from his surprise, he observed, " I did na ken that
the gloves were such rough customers."
Mr. Jackson, in his early days, was a first-rate pedestrian,
and few men could compete with him in a race for a short
distance. He was also distinguished for a standing jump,
backwards and forwards: he defeated the very best leapers
in the kingdom. His possession of strength was truly ex-
traordinary. In Woolwich-warren he lifted from the ground
ten hundr;cl weight and a quarter; and he likewise wrote his
name with a blacklead pencil, in the late patriotic Lord
Mayor's drawing-room, Harvey Coombe, Esq., with eighty-
four pounds on his little finger, lifting it from the carpet to
the height of his face with the utmost ease.
The French Hercules, Monsieur Decour, who had exhi-
bited such extraordinary feats of strength in France, Eng-
land, &c., leaving every other strong man at a considerable
distance; but when in competition with Mr. Jackson he was
completely outdone, to his great astonishment.
Mr. Jackson could throw a heavy bowl further than any
man, and being in a gentleman's garden, the latter was ex-
tremely anxious to witness the strength he possessed. At
the end of the garden there was a green-house covered with
panes of glass. Mr. J. politely refused, observing he might
injure the hot-house, the proprietor of which burst into a
loud laugh. " Injure my house," said he. " why you can't
reach it by thirty feet. However, I'll forgive you all the
damage you can do it—so go your hardest Upon this gua-
rantee Jackson took the bowl in his hand, and with the
utmost ease smashed nearly all the glass belonging to it.
After such a throw as that, the astonished, and not well-
pleased proprietor cried out—" I think you could hit the
moon if you tried !"
George the Fourth, who was always: attached to the exhi-
bition :of true courage in the P.R., was one of Jackson's
greatest patrons. The latter was a page at his coronation,
and his manly figure, said to be one of the finest in the king-
dom, not only attracted the visitors, but he received a nod
from his Majesty as he passed in and out of Westminster-
hall. Jackson was not unmindful of his athletic frame ;
and generally wore light-coloured small clothes and a neat
small gaiter. which showed one of the finest legs belonging
to the human frame. The well-known picture of John
Kemble, in Rolla, holding up the child, Mr. Jackson stood
for to the late Sir Thomas Lawrence ; and in the admired
painting of Hercules and Omphale, he also stood for the
figure of Hercules. William the Fourth was also a great
admirer of Jackson, and on the most intimate terms with
him. Riding through Pimlico one morning he saw Jack-
son passing, when he observed to the Earl of Munster, "Tell
Jack from me," said he," that I perceive he has been com-
pelled to cut the shorts, and substitute trousers ; but Time
plays tricks with the strongest of us !"
Jackson was of the most convivial disposition ; he sang
a good sporting song, was full of anecdote, and his conver-
sational powers were of the most interesting character. At
one period of his life his invitations to dinner were so nume-
rous that he could not comply with the request of any of
his friends without a previous notice of three weeks, he had
so many names on his book. He was a first-rate time-ist ; al-
though perhaps not a mueician, he =was correct in all his
movements. He used frequently to observe that he was one
of the greatest beggars in the kingdom, as he was continually
soliciting for the distressed and unfortunate pugilists, their
wives and children. He never denied a favour that it was in
his power to grant; and no boxer ever received so much
from his exertions as his defeated opponent Dan Mendoza.
Jackson had such an influence with the great patrons of the
P.R., from the manly, yet feeling, manner he had of putting
his solicitations, that he scarcely ever met with a refusal.
The service of plate presented to him by the Duke of Cla-
rence, Marquis of Anglesea, the Duke of Beaufort, General
Barton, &c., made by Mr. Clarke, in Cheapside, cost 300!.
It is thus Lord Byron speaks of him in "Don Juan," canto
xi., stanza 19 :—" If there be any gemman so ignorant as to
require a traduction, I refer him to my old friend and cor-
poreal pastar and master, John Jackson, Esq., professor of pu-
gilism, who I trust still retains the strength and symmetry
of his model of a form, together with his good humour and
athletic as well as mental accomplishments." His Lordship
also made Mr. Jacksou a present of a gold watch, of the value
of one hundred guineas, and had engraved on the case of it,
as a strong token of his opinion :—" Manners, not strength !"
Numerous anecdotes and noble acts of generosity and kind-
ness might be related of the late John Jackson; but, in my

A SECOND EDITION OE " Da. BERRINGTON."—A
man standing about 5 feet ten inches high, attired in a brown
frock coat, black'velvet waistcoat, and dark coloured trousers,
giving the name of " R. Stubbs," took a house within the
past few days, No. 8, Snenton-road, under the pretence of
carrying on a wholesale woollen cloth establishment. He
called at the shop of Mr. Britton, ironmonger, Carlton. street,
and requested him to send some one down to measure the tire-
grates for ashpans and fenders; the measures being procured,
he chose four fenders of a moderate quality, together with
fire-irons, stair-rods, knives forks, and other articles, with
bell-hangings, to the amount of nearly seven pounds in va-
lue. The goods being forwarded. and seeing joiner, gas-
fitter, paper-hanger, charwoman, and others, no sus-
picion was excited. Stubbs stated that he expected
his wife, who would bring the remaining part of his
household furniture, and on Monday and Tuesday would
call and pay the tradesmen's demands. Monday came,
aid to the astonishment of the simple shopkeepers, the
windows were closed, and the said Stubbs was not to be seen.
Application was made to the landlord, who stated that he
had no suspicion whatever, in consequence of the circum-
stances relating to his wife. Tuesday came, and Wednesday,
but neither cash nor appearance, which excited great suspi-
cion. The house was therefore searched, and, to the morti-
fication of the man's creditors, none of the goods purchased
were to be found ; even the gas-fittings by Mr. Dunnicliffe
had been torn from the walls in a ruthless manner. Stubbs's
honest appearance—his ordering no article that was not neat
in appearance, good in quality, and low in price—his getting
the gas laid on, walls papered (which might be considered as
totally useless), gave the whole affair an aspect of credibility,
the rottenness of which is now fully apparent. It isfeared that
the joiner, whose name and address Stubbs gave, was only an
accomplice, as his name is unknown in the neighbourhood.
His height was about 5 feet 7 inches, and the man wore a
fustian jacket and trousers, with coloured waistcoat. —Not-
tingharn Reriew.
STRANGE OCCURRENCE.—The death of a man,
named George Wedener, a pensioner, aged 60, whose bro-
thers are masters of fishing smacks, at Barking, in this county,
appears, from a statement we have received, to have taken
place at Hornchurch, under extraordinary circumstances,
implying great neglect, if not a more serious charge against
several parties connected with the transaction. It seems
that on the 20th inst. about 5 P.m. deceased was found by
Noaks, gardener to J. Bearblock, Esq., lying in a pool of
water, in the middle of the high road, near the Harrow
public-house, between Hornchurch and Romford. Finding
that he was insensible, Noaks requested Brown, the ostler
at the Harrow public-house, to suffer him to be put into one
of the sheds at that house; Brown, however, it is stated,
with an oath refused to permit him to be upon the premises.
Lambert, a police-constable, who afterwards came up, con-
veyed the man to Romford in a cart, where Inspector
Haydri procured for him the assistance of Mr. Collin,
surgeon, who pronounced lion to be labouring under the
effects of extreme intoxication. Finding that the man was
at the point of death, the inspector applied to Parker, a re-
lieving officer, to get him into the Union-house. Parker,
however, refused to interfere, and at 9 o'clock in the even-
ing, the inspector, on going to the lock-up where Wedener
lay, found him a corpse. It is stated that the deceased, after
having been made drunk by some persons in the neigh-
bourhood, fell into a large tub in which some sheep were
being washed for Mr. James Perry, of Ilford, jobber, and was
suffered to remain in the water two hours. That he was
subsequently pushed into the high road, and buckets of
water were poured upon him. An inquest has since been
held before W. IL Clifton, Esq , and after an inquiry which
lasted four hours, a verdict was returned, " Died from ex-
cessive drinking." The facts, however, have been laid be-
fore the local magistracy, who, we understand, are deter-
mined that they shall be further inquired into.—Chelmsford
Chronicle.

DUEL AT .GOTTINGEN.—A letter from Gottingen,
of Oct. 14, states that, in consequence of some political dis-
cussion, a duel was lately fought with pistols between Baron
de Foellick, a lieutenant in a foot regiment quartered there,
and Dr. Bussenius, one of the ablest writers in Hanover. The
latter gentleman was shot through the head, and died almost
immediately. His adversary was arrested and cashiered, and
is to be tried criminally for his conduct.
BATH.—We are informed that the Rev. W. Jay,
minister of Argyle Chapel, has recently met with an acci-
dent which is likely to confine hint to his room for some
time.—Somerset County Herald.