Star.
London, England, 1808-09-14 00:00:00

MODERN S'PA'CE OE SPAIN.

This day was published, in three Volumes syn. (with a Quarto
Atlas, containing 29 Plates), printed verbatim from the last
Paris Edition of 1807, price td. 12s. Q.
TABLEAU DE L'ESPAGNE MODERNE.
Par J: FR. BOURGOING,
Ci devant Ministre Plenipotentiairg de France a la Cour de Ma-
drid, Fun des Commandans de 11 Legion d'Honneur, Associe
Correspondant l'lnstitut National, Membrede

des Sciences de Copenhague, derAcasletnie des Bosuz Arts de
Stockholm, &c.
Quatriemc Edition ; avee quelqbes corrections, et des Rumen-
tations qui cunduisent le Tableau de i',Espagne jusqu'.i l'Annoe
1806.

tty a joint pour h eommodite de, voyageurs, le liar& des
posses d'Espagre, et on a enrichi l'Atlas de gravure, qui. re-
tracent les montunens Arabes de Grenade 4.1 Cordose, et (ruse
carte des toutes d'Espagne.
Printed for John SteckA^l^ -
By whom 3A-L1 speedily be published, an Engligh Trabahtion of
the above Work.
Also the Post Roads of SRain, in French or in English ; with
a correct Sheet Map, pricolia: iSd.

•
4, Every artifice was thus resorted to- to.excite a
general disposVtiort to throw off the to,
with
France, and to form a connection with England.; and
this secr,:t inclination had a very considerable inlltience
upon the events at Aranjuez, and those which fol-
lowed them.
4, The greater part of the respectable and enlight-
ened inhabitants, consisting of the Nobility and higher
Clergy, were animated by a better disposition and
ideas; but the party of the Inquisition and the
Monks, urged on by the numerous agents which
England maintained in Spain, availed themselves of
the ignorance and blindness of the people to lead
them astray by false reports, and to place arms in
the hands of the lower and poorer classes ; ar.d by
the end of May, the insurrection broke out, at the
very instant when all the. arrangements respecting
Spain were completed, when the Junta at Bayonne
was already assembled, and had entered upon its la-
bours.

" Miracles were solemnly proclaimed at Saragossa,
Valladolid, Valentia, Seville, &c. These juggles, cal-
culated only to dishonour religion, and, which would
have had no effect in any other country on the Con-
tinent, made the greatest impression on the inhabi-
tants of Spain. On the coasts, a numerous party,
known by their hatred to France, which incited the
people to m:tke a common cause with England, in
order to procure the freedom of commerce, roused
the passions of the people, and aff,:ctd to participate
in their superstitious errors. Out of this disposition
sprung the most fatal disorder.:, which burst out at
the same moment in the southern provinces of Na-
varre, .Arragon, Estremadura, Castile, and the pro-
vinces of Er:on, Asturia, and Gallicia.

" They broke out on the 17th May in the Southern
provinces. The Counsellor of State, Don Miguel
Saavedra, who was Captain-General of the kingdom
of Valencia, endeavoured to oppose the views of the
insurgents, but his life was threatened, and he fled to
Requena. The insurgents, however, informed of his
place el retreat, proceeded thither in a body, seized
his person, dragged him to Valencia, and murdered
him at the house of the Count of Cerbellon, who ap-
peared to be of their party, but whose efforts to save
the unfortunate victim were unavailing. The head
of Don Miguel Saavedra was placed on a pike, car-
ried round all the streets, and afterwards placed on
the top of a pillar, whilst the Marquis d'Enerva, who
was threatened with the same fate, had the good
fortune to escape.
" At the commencement of the insurrection, the
insurgents gave orders, that all the French resident
in that kingdom should be conveyed to the Citadel,
and that their property should be confiscated. A few
days after, they imprisoned the crew of a French
ship, which, being chased by an English frigate,
sought protection in a Spanish port. On the 14th
June, in a new transport of rage, they put the pri-
soners to death ; but on the 17th, the Members of
the Junta, who, under pain of death, were com-
pelled to sanction this proceeding, complained for-
mally of the author of these cruelties, consigning him
to general' detestaticn, and particularizing him by the
name of Balthazar Calbo, an attendant upon the
altar and a member of the chapter of St. Isidro, at
Madrid.

" At Cuenca, the Corregidor and Intendant were
put in irons, and carried off by the riotous peasantry,
who, before their departure, pillaged the houses of
these two worthy Magistrates, and treated their
families with great cruelty.
" At Carthagenaohe people put to death the Go
vernor, who h:td, for a long period, enjoyed the es-
teem of all ranks.

" At Grenada, General Truxillo, the Governor of
Malap, having, arrived there on the 30th May, was
put to death by the inhabitants, who dragged his body
thrOugh the Streets, hacked it in pieces, and after-
wards consigned it to the flames.
" At Algesiras the.Vrench Consul was put in prison
on the 2d June, and a mutinous rabble *demanded I i
head ; but the Armness of the better-disposed inhabi-
tants prevented this additional atrocity.
a At St. Liicar de tarameida, the Governor of the
place, a General of distinguished rank and merit, was
massacred by the people.
46 At Jaen, the peasautry compelled the citizens to

" At Badajoz the insurrection broke out on the
30th of May, and was instantaneously at its height.
The residence of the Governor, Count de la Torre del.
Fremo, was attacked. The insurgents demanded:
that they should be embodied an,d armed. The Goo
vernor and the Bishop presented themselves at a
balcony, and admonished the niultitude, but to no
purpose, to return to a state of tranquillity. The
more furious among them would listen to no advice.
They overpowered the Palace Guard, forced theirway.
in the Governor's chamber, dragged him out and ca:-
ried him as far as the Palmasgate, where they put hint
to death, with sticks and knives, and having stripped
ilie.body, presented it bleeding to his wife, while the)
were engaged in plundering the Palace.
" At Valladolid, on the sth June, in pursuance of
an order from General Cuesta, General Don Miguel
Ceballos, officer of engineers, was thrown into the pri.
son of Carboncro ; but the insurgents dragged hint
out, hewed him to pieces on the Campo Grande, in
the presence of his wife and children, and tearing hits
joint by joint, carried his severed limbs in trionifii
through the streets.
" At Alavera, on the Rh of June, the Corregidor
attempted to punish some of the rioters, but they de-
manded his head, and it was owing to the courage cf
a few brave individuals that he had the good fortune,
to escape with his life.
" The provinces of Leon and Asturias were at the
same time the theatre of scenes equally bloody.
" At Corunna, on May 29, General Filangeira
endeavoured to pacify the peasantry, by mild mea
sures, but he would have been killed by a musket-
shot, had not an artillery officer placed himself-before
his person, and by this means saved his life. On the
followineday, however, the insurgents got posses.
sion of his palace, which they destroyed. The Ge-
neral effected his escape to the cloister of St. Do-
mingo.
" At. Fermi. •on the 22d of June, the house of the
Lieutenant-General of Marines, Obreson, was plun-
dered, and that officer being discovered in the manu-
factory of Isquiendo, was thrown into the prison of
St. Anthony.
" In the kingdom of Leon, the peasantry, on the
22d June, entered several cities, towns, and villages.
A number of the must respectable burghers were be-
headed, and it is stated that the Governor of Corun-
na, the Corregidor of Leon, and Count Castro Fuerte,
Colonel of the Militia of Valto, on being put into th::
hands of General Cue.ta, were delivered over to the
executioner.

a Every where, those who from their wortls, rank,
virtue, or fortune, possessed the general esteem, paid
with their heads for their brave resistance.apinst
pres.,ion, and for their attachment to their country ;
whilst bcomanittees of insurrection made themselves
masters of the public traasure, organised themselves,
and spread the reign of terror among all the well dis-
posed inhabitants.
4, The Ministers, the Members of the Junta of Ma-
drid, and the Commission of Government, employed
every means of pacification ; but their efforts were
unavailing, and they were unable to bring back to
their obedience an ignorant and fanatical people, led
astray by superstition and artifice, and who abandon-
ed themselves to the seduction of power and the al.
lurements of plunder.
g, This agitation was the inevitable result of the
state of insecurity, suffering, and misfortune into
which a bad government had plunged the Spanish-
nation. It was prepared and excited into activity by
the artifices and bribery of England, and that perver-
sion of public opinion arising from the concurrence
of political and party feelings, encouraged by the
higher powers. It was necessary to have recourse to
arms, in order to repress these excesses, and to strike
terror into the evil disposed.
4, Marshal Bessieres directed, in the first instance,
several detachments towards Logronno, Saragossa,
Segovia, Valladolid, and Saint Andero. These co•
lumns, though inconsiderable in number, were every
where successful, without sustaining any considerable
loss.
" The town of Logronno was in a state of insnr.
rection, and chose for its commander a stone mason/
known to be one of the worst characters in the dis-
trict. General Verdier having received orders to
march thither, with two battalions. surrounded the
place on the th of Tune, and put the insurgents to
flight, taking from ther.Lcix pieces of bad artillery.—
He punished the Wait nolerious of the insurgents,

`' a.•••••• ...a5.3 g‘..7tilt
principal burghers who had been thrown into prison,
rnarcheekback to Vittoria.
-

" Gene rrere advanced towards Segovia, where
some conimotions had also taken place. On the ^th
June, having approached within a quarter of a mile, he
sent a flag of truce to the Magistracy, that they might
exert themselves to bring hack the insurgents to their
duty ; but the insurgents, about 5000 in number,
having thirty pieces of cannon, which they had taken
from the palk at Segovia, prevented tl-e flag of truce
from approaching, by a discharge of artillery. This
induced the General to make an immediate attack ;
and the place was taken by storm, after an action in
which a great number of the instlrgews core siain,
numbers made prisoners, and all their artillery takco.
The city being cleared of the insurgents, and again
its own mistress, submitted. _ _

General Lasalles advanced from Bur-;os upon
Torquemada, where there were 6000 insurgents,
whom he attacked on the 7th with five hundred foot
chasseurs. They were driven out with the loss of
1200 killed, and the village of Torquemada was burnt.
" General Lasalles advanced on the Bth to Palen-
cia. On his approach he mas met by a deputation,
with the Bishop at their head, to inform him of the
submission of the place, which immediately returned
to its duty. The 9th and 10th were occupied by Ge-
neral I.asalles, in disarming the city and province of
Palencia.

" On the 12th, the General proceeded to Duennas,
where he formed a junction with General Merle, and
thence continued his march to Valladolid. The ban-
ners of insurrection had been unfolded in that city ;
and General Cuesta, the Captain General, placed
himself at the head of the disaffected, and took post
at Cabecon, with seven thousand insurgents and six
pieces of cannon.
Having reconnoitred the position of the insur-
gents, General Lasalles ordered General Sabathier to
attack them with the field artillery, while General
Merle was to t:tke measures to cut off their retreat to
Valladolid. After an action of half an hour, the in-
surgents were totally defeated, and put to the route
on all sides, leaving behind them their cannon, 4000
muskets, and about a thousand killed. _ _

The Bishop of Valladolid, with the principal
clergy, came out to meet General Lasalles, imploring
forgiveness for the town and its inhabitants. The
French division entered Valladolid in the midst of a
multitude who deserved a severe chastisement, but
who, with admiration, witnessed the mercy and gene-
rosity of the French. The city and province were
disarmed ; and ten persons from the Councils of Va-
lentia, Segovia, and Valladolid, were deputed to wait
upon his Catholic Majesty at Bayonne, in order to
solicit his clemeney, and to offer the homage and fi-
delity of their fellow citizens.
" The Bishop of St. Andero, having excited his
flock to insurrection, and abandoned himself to ex-
cesses of every kind, General Merle directed his march
towards the mountains of St. Andero, whether Gene-
ral Ducos also proceeded. On the 21st, at three
o'clock in the morning, he attacked the insurgents in
front of Lantuento, drove them from all their posi-
tions, and took from them two eighteen pounders,
which they had barely time to fire twice' upon us,
without wounding any one, though upon their side
the loss was considerable.

General Ducos, on the 20th, arrived at Soncille,
where he attacked the insurgents, and drove them
back a mile. On the 21st, he did the same, on the
road to Venta de L'Escudo, which was defended by
3000 men, with four pieces of cannon. On the 22d
he was within four miles of St. Andero. On the 23d,
Generals Merle and Ducos entered St. Andero, the
one from the side of Torre de la Vega, the other by
the road of Escudo. The moment they entered the
place, the peasantry dispersed on all sides to their
homes, and the inhabitants returned to the city.
,g The city of St. Andero having submitted, took
a solemn oath of allegiance to his Catholic Majesty
in the same manner as had been done by Segovia,
Palencia, and Valladolid.

" Thus did the troops under Marshal Bessieres, in
the space of a few days, take 30 pieces of cannon and
50,000 muskets, and disarm Palencia, Valladolid, &c.
which secured the peace of Navarre, Guiposcoa, Al.'
lava, and Biscay.
•• During the early operations of Marshal Bessieres,
disturbances had also broken out in the southern ex-
Iremities of Navarre and Arragon. •
" General Lefebvre advanced from Pampeluna
at thehead of 3000 men, principally consisting of light
troops of the first regiment of the Vistula. He ad-
vanced towards Tudela, where a body of from three
to four thousand men had arrived from Saragossa.—
He attacked and routed them on the 9th of June,
Liking from them six pieces of cannon. He punished
the Chiefs of the insurgents ; he caused the bridge
over the Ebro, that had been burned down, to be re-
established, and marched at the head of the Polish
light troops to Mallen, where the insurgents, rein-
forced from Saragossa, had again taken post. He came
up with them on the 1:Ali, and immediately began the
attack. A single charge on the part of the Poles Was
sufficient to throw them into confusion, and put them
to flight, leaving five pieces of cannon on the field.
similar success was obtained on the 14th at Ala.
where the insurgents, from three to four thutt-
arong, were put to flight, with the loss of their
i. They made an equally inetPetual resistance
16th, in the olive plantations in the suburbs of
ossa.
'he actions of Epila and Monte Torrcra, on the
id Q7th, ha 4 a similar result.
ii these different expeditions, the insurgents had
to 3000 men killed, and a great number
led. A considerable number of them were
prisoneis, and they lost all their caution, con.'
of about SO pieces : the loss on our side in
was only from 20 to 30, and from 60 to 80.
Jed.
General Verdier joined General Lefebvre before
;ossa, and they invested the town. On the 2d
some howitzers began to play, and destroyed
lonastei y of St. Joseph, which covered a part of
cf the city. Between the '2d and ISth of
all the necessary arrangements were made for
in the insurgents more closely, and col.
7 materials for throwing a floating bridge
Fbro. On the 11th, the passage of the
was forted, and some troops posted themselves
ie left balite, in order to defend the wotkmen'
w formation of the bridge, which was cm,

obstruct our communication; but they were beaten
at Almunia, Calatayad, and Taresty, on the road
to Tudela, with a loss, in the different actions, of a
great number of men, and a considerable quantity of
military stores. The troops that occupied the left
bank of the river before Saragossa also sustained va-
rious attacks from the detachments sent out from the
city; but the insurgents were in every encounter
driven back with the bayonet, with the loss in all
these affairs, and particularly at Jouslival, of a num-
ber of men, and several eight-pounders. The block-
ade of the place, into which several corps of insur-
gents had thrown themselves, after having in vain
endeavoured to keep the field, was now completely
established. _ _

" General Duhesme commanded in Catalonia,
having his head-quarters at Barcelona. In several
parts of his command, assemblies of the insurgents
had taken place. The fist symptoms of insurrection
broke out in the towns of Manresa and Tarragona.
In consequence of the applications made to them,
they promised to lay down their arms ; but not hav-
ing fulfilled this promise, General Swartz occupied
Manresa, and General Chabran Tarragona. General
Swartz had orders to proceed by the way of Lerida,
and to visit Montserrrat, where it was reported there
were some disturbances. On the 6th of June he fell
in with the insurgents at Bruck, defeated and killed
a number of them. He obtained similar advantages
at Espaguera, Martoreil, and at Malinos del Rey.
" Other parties of insurgent peasantry had fortified
themselves with cannon, in a position on the river
Lobrega. They had taken possession of some.artil-
lery which they found on the coast. General Du-
hesme attacked them. They were every where
defeated and pursued, from eight to eleven o'clock,
and all their artillery was taken. This expedition
terminated with very little loss on our side, but with
great on the part of the insurgents.
" New bodies of insurgents having come down
from the mountains, cut off the communication
between Monte Gatte and Monte Cana, and occu-
pied the little Castle of Monte Gatte, where they
entrenched themselves. They were suddenly at-
tacked on the 17th. The Castle of Monte Gatte
was taken by storm, the insurgents lost a great
number of their men, their colours, and twenty
pieces of cannon. General Lecchi, in pursuing the
fugitives, arrived at the city of Mattaro, which was
put in a state of defence and barricadoed. He attack-
ed and carried the city with the same rapidity, and
took 10 pieces of cannon.
" General Duhesme directed his column to the
passes of St. Paulus. On the 19th he attacked them,
took them by surprise, and captured ten pieces of ar-
tillery.
" After these various engagements, the object of
which was to maintain the communications, General
Duhesme returned to Barcelona. His loss scarcely
amounted to 100 men in killed and wounded ; that of
the insurgents was very considerable.
"During these operations, a new line of insurgents
had formed itself behind the Lobrega, which was con-
siderably swelled by the melting of the snow a few
days before, in the mountains, and the rain that had
fallen. At Molinos del Rey,* they had a battery of
three pieces of artillery, which commanded the stone
bridge, which was broken in different places. All the
fords down to the very mouth of the river were de-
fencYd. The right wing of the insurgents extended
down to the beach; and two pieces of flying artillery
manccuvred in the rear of the line. Inthe morning
of the 30th of June, the troops marched_ to attack the
insurgents. General Goulesse and Brigadier-General
Bessieres proceeded to the mouth of the river, and
forced a passage to the right bank. They thus took
in reverse all the positions of the insurgents, who of-
fered no resistance, and sustained a very heavy loss.
In the mean time General Lecchi's division attacked
and carried the bridge of Molinos del Rey, and took
the three pieces of cannon by which it was defended.
The remains of the body of insurgents, defeated at all
points, fell back to Martoveille, which was their ge-
neral rendezvous. General Lecchi pursued, routed
them, and made himself master of that position.—
Their loss cannot be estimated. There were found
on the field of battle 40,000 muskets ; and the insur-
gents lost all the artillery which they had carried off
with them.

" On the side of Figueras several bodies of the pea-
sants had united to cut off the communication with
that city. General Rieble repaired thither on the sth
of July from Bellegarde : he defeated and routed the
insurgents, supplied the place with provisions, and
reinforced the garrison.
" During these events which took place in Biscay,
Navarre, Arragon, and Catalonia, Marshal Moncey
broke up with his army, in consequence of an insur-
rection in the Kingdom of Valencia. On the 21st
June he came up with the insurgents, in the fine po-
sitions which surround the village of Pesquera, and
who defended with four pieces of artillery the bridge
over the river of Cabrielle, and the entrance of the
passes. The brides and the passes were carried, the
insurgents lost their artillery, and 500 Swiss and Spa—
nish Guards came over to our ranks. The insurgents
having formed a junction with their principal army,
retreated to Las Cabreras and Siete Annas, in front
of which they entrenched themselves in a position
which they conceived to be impregnable. Marshal
Moncey came in sight of thenfon the 24th, and found
them, in fact, in possession of a very excellent posi-
tion, and extremely difficult of access. Having at-
tacked them with the greatest fury, they were driven
from one hill to another, lost all their positions, and
fled in disorder, leaving behind all their artillery, con-
sisting of 12 pieces, their ammunition, and almost all
their baggage. The army continued its march to-
wards Valencia, where a Junta of Insurgents had
been formed. They came up with the insurgents,
about a mile and a-half from that city. They had
entrenched themselves behind the canal, and having
broken down the bridge by the village of Quarte, de-
fended the passage with artillery. Our artillery im-
mediately took its station ; the troops, marched in
columns upon various points, and .in 'less than one
hour their line was broken, the bridge re-established,
the village of Quarte carried,. five pieces of cannon
taken, and the whole of the insurgents routed. •
" At day-break on the Ellowing day, (the 28th)
Marshal I:ioncey advanced towards 14a1Cnc.u. The
environs of that city are intersected by a great num-
ber of canals, and covered with ruins and houses.—
The suburbs extend close to the gates. Marshal

dity overcame every obrtacle. The suburbs were
carried, and the streets strewed with dead bodies.—
Twenty pieces of artillery were taken ; but the walls
being surrounded with ditches filled with water, were
secure against a surprise. The Marshal pitelietl his
camp under them, waiting the arrival of some pieces
of heavy artillery.
" Some days after, he was informod that a division
of insurgents, from five to six thousand men, were re-
solved to keep the field. He marched immediately,
and proceeded to the right bank of the Xttcar ; the
heights were instantly attacked and carried ; the in-
surgents were defeated ; they lost several pieces of
cannon, and were pursued fighting all the way to the
heights of Almanza.
" On the 3d instant they were surprised in the de-
files : a great number of them were killed. Our troops
took possession of Almanza, where Marshal Moncey
received orders to take a position at St. Cement's.—
He had collected heavy artillery necessary for the at-
tack of Valencia, and he was'upon the point of advan-
cing to that place, when the events in Andalusia or-
dered it otherwise.

. In these different affairs in whicliMarlial Nfoncey had
six different engagements, he killed a great many of
the enemy, and took 50 pieces of cannon and three
standards. His loss consisted of 200 killed and 500
wounded.

46 During these various operations, the people of
Cuenca were guilty of the greatest extravagancies
against a French Officer and several soldiers. Briga-
dier-General Caulincourt received orders to march for
the purpose of chastising Ahem. He withdrew from
Tarencon on the Ist of July, and arrived at Cuenca
on the 3d, at four o'clock in the afternoon. The in-
surgents seemed determined to prevent the approach
of the French troops ; the latter consisted of between
3 and 4000 men, and two pieces of cannon. General
Caulincourt attacked them immediately ; they lost
their artillery, and were put to the route : so that they
thought no more of defending the place, and fled in
all directions towards the hills, leaving their arms,
and between 7 and 800 killed and wounded behind
them. The town, which was deserted on the approach
of the French, was given up to plunder.
" General Dupont, who left Madrid about the
end of Mav, had repaired to Andalusia. He passed
the Sierra Morena in the beginning of June, and was
on his march to Guadalquiver. When he arrived at
Andujar, he learned that a rebellious Junta was esta-
blished at Seville, and that the cities of Cordova and
Granada, and a part of Jaen, were in a state of in-
surrection, while a numerous body was formed in the
environs of Cordova. He instantly put himself in
motion, and, on the 6th, he was in possession of
Montoro, Carpio, and Bugalenca, without meeting
with any of the insurgents. He, however, received
intelligence from .a messenger whom he sent to Al-
colea, a small distance from Cordova, that the insur-
gents were there in great force, and that it was
their intention to dispute his passage ever the Gua-
dalquivir.
" The bridge of Alcolea is very long, and difficult
of access, and was defended by a tote-dupnt, by bat-
teries placed upon a neighbouring height, and by in-
fantry, which kept up a very brisk fire from both
shores of the river. The first attack was made on the
7th, at the break of day. It was remarked that the
bridge was not broken : and immediate attack was
therefore ordered to be made on the entrenchments,
which were defended by very deep ditches. The tete-
de-pent, the bridge, and the village of Alcolea, were
carried in a few minutes. The insurgents fled in the
greatest disorder, leaving their cannon and a number
of killed and wounded behind.
" Those who escaped from Alcolea, retreated to
Cordova, without endeavouring to defend the camp
which the insurgents had pitched before the place,
.and where arms were found of the most wonderful
and extraordinary make, besides pikes and English
arms.

" The light corps having arrived before Cordova,
the General summon( d the Corregidor to attend him,
and sent the Prior of a Cl .ister to admonish him to
make no resistance, but to accept of the mercy offered
them by the French.
" These measures proved fruitless, as the insur-
gents were 15,000 in number, and about 2000 re-
gular troops began to fire on all sides. The French
cannon then beginning to fire, a breach was made in
the gates, and the place was entered by force.
" The advantages of this day were complete : the
enemy lost a number of men, and tranquillity was
restored to Cordova.

" On the 19th Capt. Base was sent with a column
of 900 infantry, 100 cavalry, and artillery, to fetch
provisions from Jaen. He was preceded by two flags
of truce, upon whom the insurgents fired ; on the fol-
lowing morning he made an attack upon the en-
trenched camp, the strong castle, and the town.
This attack was vigorous ; all positions were forced.
The insurgents had 200 killed and 500 wounded.
The column lost scarcely five men.
" In the mean while, two divisions of smugglers,
making about 3000 men, had approached Sierra
Morena, and interrupted the communication with
Madrid. The Duke of Rovigo, who had taken the
command in the room of the Grand Duke of Berg,
dispatched General Vedel with his division, and that
of General Gobert.
" General Vedel arrived in the defiles of Pens
Pinnor, on the 26th. To see the enemy, to attack
him, to overcome him, and put him to flight, was
only the work of a moment. The insurgents lost
900 men, their artillery, together with their ammu-
nition and provisions. We had two killed and 10
wounded. Thus the junction of General Vedel with
General Dupont was effected. General Dupont
placed General Vedel at Baylen, and General Gobert
at Carolina.
" With his first division he took possession of An-
' duilt- where he formed a tete-du-fiord on the Guadal-
quivirJ‘ : another tete-du-pont was loaned near the
village of Menjibar, on the road from Jaen to Baylen.
64 To preserve the post of Jaen was an object of
importance, because this was nearer to the line of
communication than that of Andujar : of course the
latter might. be maintained even when the enemy
should be in possession of Jaen. Brigadier-General
Cassagne was dispatched to Jaen : he had been with
the advanced guard in several engagements, in which
he had heeu constantly victorious.
" The situation of General Dupont, which had at
first occasioned some uneasiness, was no longer so
after lie had thus been reinforced, and while there

..,ay 311141C11 between him—ailUtre enem
the defiles of Sierra Morena. He had a greater fora
under him than was necessary, if not for subjugating
the whole province, at least quite sufficient for pre.
serving it from surpri,e.
" Such was the situation of affairs about the 20th of
;
July, the period of the arrival of the King of Spain
far and wide was the dispersion of the insurgents
checked, subdued, or disarmed, they had not been'
able to can y any attempt of importance into effect.
66 The preparations for the siege of Saragossa were
pursued with activity. The artillery necessary Ent
that purpose had arrived from Bayonne and Pampe.
luna. The insurgents made a sortie on the 2.`:(1 from
Saragossa, to attack the troops posted on the left bank
of the Ebro. The 3d battalion of the Volunteeis of
Arragon, forming thx flower of these insurgents, be.
gan their march on the 30th, in order to force their
way into Saragossa. The insurgents were defeated
with great loss in all their sorties, and were generally
closely pursued under the walls.
" On the 16th of August, about day-brink, a
breach being made, the storming of the place corn.
menced. The gates of San.en-Gracio and Carries
were surprised and carried. After obstinate fighting
which lasted several days, 14. cloisters which had been
fortified, three-fourths of the city, the arsenal, and all
the magazines, were in our possession. The peace.
able inhabitants, encouraged-by the advantages of the
French, hoisted a white flag, and coming forward to
offer terms of capitulation to the French, were mut.
dered by the insurgents, at whose head monks were
seen acting as Captains and Colonels : a great num.
ber of .these wretches were killed ; the unfortunate
city of Saragossa is almost ruined through fire, the
bombs, arid the explosion of the mines.
r 64 In the meanwhile, almost all the Spanish troops
' of the line in Gallicia and Andalusia had taken part
with the insurents. The troops of the line at Mad: id,
St. Sebastian, Barcelona, &c. left those place., to join
them.

The French having come into Spain as friendr.,
and acting in concert with the Ministers, the Coun-
cils, and the principal burghers, were unwilling to dis-
arm the Spanish troops, and for a long time restrain.
ed themselves from any kind of hostilities ; but the re.
suit has made it appear how fatal this ge::erosity has
proved to the French.
" We were very soon informed that a corps of
35,000 men, with 40 pieces of cannon, were assem-
bled at Benevente, with whom there were some E:ng-
lish Commissioners and Officers, besides all the Spa.
nish prisoners that had been sent to Spain by the Eng.
lish Government : these were known by the red uni-
forms which they were supplied with from London.
" This army began its march as thougk it had
been intended to proceed to Burgos. Marshal Bes-
sieres marched to meet them with General Monton's
division of infantry, that of Merle, with General Las-
alles' division of cavalry, forming in the whole a corps
of 12,000 men.

" On the llth, at day-break, he discovered the
enemy covering a great extent of ground, and being
in possession of the heights of Medina del Rio Seco.
As soon.as the position of the enemy was known, the
Marshal formed the resolution of attacking their left.
General Darmasnac was the first that was engaged
at the head of his brigade. At this moment, the at.
tack became general. Montan; General of Division,
made himself master of the town of Medina del Rio
Seco with the bayonet ; the Generals Lasalles, Dw
cos, and Sabattier, led on their troops with the cry,
of " Long live the Emperoi!"—All the 'positions were
carried, the enemy, attacked with the bayonet, and
.the whole of their artillery, coasisting.of 44) pieces of
cannon, was taken, and the whole army of the insur-
gents thrown into the greatost.confusion.. Six thou-
sand men were made prisoners ; upwards of 10,000
were left on the field of battle ; the whole of their
baggage and ammunition fell into our hands, a num-
ber of superior officers were killed. The 10th and
the 22d Regiment of Chasseurs, and all the troops
in general, were covered with glory.
" Colonel Pieton, an officer of distinguished me-
rit, is killed ; General Darmagnac is slightly .woun-
ded, together with the Provisory Major Commm-
dant of the 13th Regiment. The Adjutant Com-
mandant, Guilleminot, Chef of Marshal Bessicres'
Staff, displayed great address and activity. The Mar-
shal hal not more than 300 men killed and wounded
in this affair.

44 The enemy fled to Benevente in disorder, where
they scarcely remained a moment, but retreated from
thence to Labeaara, Astorga, and Leon. At Villa
Pardo he left behind him 5000 pounds of powder and
100,000 cartridges. The English Colonel who acted
as Commissioner with the Spanish army, retreated to
Lugo before the battle commenced.
" Marshal Bessieres, pursuing the enemy, arrived
at Benevente on the 19th, Where he found 10,000
muskets, 26,000 pounds of powder, and 200,000
cartridges, which the insurgents had left behind them
in consequence of their precipitate flight. He recei-
ved a letter of submission from the inhabitants of Za-
mora - and on the 20th, the day following, he enter-
ed that city, from whence he proceeded to Majorga,
where he was informed that General Cuesta, who had
passed through Leon with scarcely .500 cavalry, had
ordered the fugitives to tally.
" Arriving at Majorga, a Deputation from Leon
presented themselves to him. General Cuesta had
left that city, where 12,000 new muskets, and a num-
ber of pistols and sabres, with five pieces of cannon,
remained.
" Marshall Bessieres entered Leon on the 26th.
The Bishop came two miles out of that city to meet
him, and the Members of the Government received
the army on the outside of the gates, assuring the
Marshal of the submission of the inhabitants, and
praying for the generosity of the conqueror in behalf
of the city and province of Leon. By means of this
important conquest, the provinces of Leon, Palencia,
Valladolid, Zamora, and Salamanca, were subjugated
and disarmed, and the communication with Portugal
opened and secured.
" All these events, connected with the arrival of the
-King at Madrid, seemed to portend a most favourable
issue to the affairs of Spain, when General Dupont,
after a succession of disasters, which we cannot ac-
count for, had the inexpressible misfortune of having
his communication cut off with Madrid ; and what
was still worse, to be himself separated from two-thirds
of his-force, being at that time six miles distant from
his usual point of communication ; and lasily, en the
19th of July, being coon:elk:I to give battle with only
ore third of his army, into a disadvantageo:ls Fo ;:tion,

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