The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-10 00:00:00

LITERATURE.
THE REFORMERS BEFORE THE REFOR-

MATION. Whyte and Go., Edinburgh, )845.

The object of this historical work is to make the
great religious movement which took place in Europe
a century before the Reformation wrought by Luther,
better known and more rightly appreciated. It em-
braces a period of between seventy and eighty years
—that is to say, from the commencement of the great
st.chism of the West in the year 1378, to the end of
the war of the Hus:ites, towards the middle of the
following century. A considerable portion of the
volume is—as might be expected from its subject—
devoted to a biographical account of John Huss, the
I.:mous Reformer, of whom the biographer writes in
a spirit of animated panegyric, though •we are not
aware that his praises are, in any one instance, un-
daly ezaggerated. The work is a translation from
the French of M. Emilie de Bonnechose, and is per-
vaded throughout by a fervent religious spirit.

PENNY MAGAZINE. C. Knight, London. 1845,
The fourth volume of the New Series of this pepu-
lar Journal had just made its appearance, and is em-
-1 )ellished with a lavish variety of illustrative wood-
o uts, some of which are finished off in a very superior
st Tie. Among the numerous original contributions
volume, we find an interestiag one on the a,ub-
i:lei of the Glaciers of the Alps.

IRP-H RAILWAYS.

The .colluwing Irish railway projects have been laid
before th. '
Board of Trade, in compliance with the
standing
der—but how many will be sanctioned we
are unable
) BALLYMENA, WITH A BRANCH TO
° 1 s t
BELFAST AR.')
"Y :
—An-id:mt. of capital, 385,0001., is
( A
7A7,,7r:(;00a Amount
tlasorf d
er E G
shares
- 5.0
j..
each ; deposit, 21. lOs. per share.
posits, 19,250/. .1"otiO length of line, 35
miles.

CARLOW AM) WEXFORD.— Capital, 300,0001., in
6,000 shares of 501. each; deposit, 2/. 10s. Amount
of deposits, 15,0001. Length of line, 40 miles.
CORK AND BANDON.—Capital, 200,0001., in 4,000
shares of 50/. each ; deposit, 21. 105. Amount of de-
posits, 10,000/. Length of line, 20 miles.
CORK AND LIMERICK (Vignolles' line).—Capitsl,
),000,000/., in 20,000 shares ; deposit, '2l. 10s.
jtnount of deposits, 50,0001. Length of line, with
Lims.-rick branch to Holy Cross, 94 miles.
D,,,,JN AND BELFAST 3 UNCTlON.—Capital, 950,0001.,
in 10,000 s‘liares of 501. each ; deposit, 21. 10s. Amount
of deposits, ,'7,500/. Total length of line from
Drogheda to ro,ltadown, including the branch from
to li-ells, 79 miles.
Drogheda, via g'ival:
DUBLIN AND DROGB:
EDA (Howth Extension).—
No additional capital hal.g. been, as Yet, subscribed for
this line. Its length is 3 i;kiles 54f chains.
DUNDALK AND EsNisKILLE.:..--Qapital, 750,0001., in
15,000 shares of 501. each; deposit, 21. 10s. Amount
of deposits, 37,5001. Total jength of line, including
branch to Monaghan, 77 miles.
GREAT SOUTHERN AND WESTER)::
EXTENSION FROM
CASHEL TOLIMERICK AND CORK.
1,200,0001.,
in 24,000 shares of 501.; deposit, 21. IC.s. Amount of
deposits, 60,0001. Total length of line, .951. This,
when completeted, will be the longest line of railway
undertaken by any single company in Great Biltain.
The total length from Dublin to Limerick and Ccali,
including the Carlow branch, being 218 miles.
GREAT NORTH WESTERN, from Dublin to Cage n•--
Capital, 750,000/, in 15,000 shares of 501. each ; sle-
posit, 21. 10s. Amount of deposits, 37,500/. Total
length of line, 68 miles.
GREAT WESTERN, from Dublin to Mullingar and
Athlone, with a branch to Longford.—Capital,
750,0001., in 15,000. shares of 501. each ; deposit,2/.los.
Amount of deposits. 37,5001. Total length of line,
68 miles. This is the company that propose to run a
considerable portion of their line along the :Royal
Canal North Bank.,
KILKENNY JUNCTION.—CapitaI, 200,000/., in 8,000
shares of 251. each • deposit, 1/. 10s. Amount of de-
posits, 12,000/. iotal length of line, 261 miles.
LIMERICK AND ENNls.—Capital, 21)0,0C,0L, in
4,000 shares of 50/. each; deposit, 2/.155. Amount
of deposits, 11,0001. Total iongth of line, '2l miles.
LONDONDERRY AND ENNISKILLEN.
500,0001., in 10,000 shares of 450/. each ; deposit, 2/.
10s. Amount of deposits, 25,0001. Total length of
line, 57 miles.

NEWRY, ARMAGH, AND ENNIS:KILLEN. —C.
90,0001., in 18,000 shares of 50/. each ; deposi,t, 21.
10s. Amount of deposits, 45,0001. Total length of
line, 70 miles.

WATERFORD AND KlLKaNNT.—Capital, 250,0011/.,
in 12,500 shares of 20/. each ; deposit, 1/. Amouilt
of deposits, 12,5001. Total length of line, 32
On this line the wooden rail is to be used as a substi-•
tute for iron. The wood is to be prepared by Payne's.
process, and the engines and carriage,, are to be fitted.
with Prosser's guide wheels: The IL:tendon is ex-
ceedingly simple and ingenious.
WATERFORD AND LIMERICK.—Capitai, 750,0001.,
in 1,500 shares of 501. each ; deposit, 2/. 10s. Amount
of deposits, 37,5001. Total length of line, 70 miles.
ULSTER EXTENSION.—From Portadow•n to Ar-
inagli. We have not the survey of this line before us,
and do not know its exact length. It was oriwinally
intended to run the Ulster line from Belfast to Ar -
in agh , and capital was taken for that purpose, so tha t
it will not be requisite to issue any new shares. A
thirteenth call for the sum of 2/. 10s. has just beets
made. This will make the amount paid up of 32/. ont
share of 50/.

ARMAG ~ COLERAINE, OR PORTRUSII.—CapitaI,
600,0001., in 24,000 shares of 251. each ; deposit, 11.
7s. 6d. per share. Total length, 63 miles. The pro-
spectus of this line has only been recently issued—a
partial survey has been made, and the engineer's re-
port is very favourable. The country through which
the line passes is exceedingly rich and populous. The
project appears very feasible, and we understand there
Is evt,ry prospect of its being successfully prosecuted.
The notices of the preceding lines were all regu-
larly served before the last day of November, but
the following are yet to come in proper shape before
the Board of Trade. Next session must be their due
season for inquir=y.
ATHLONE TO GALWAY.—This line was spoken of as
an extension of the Great Western from Dublin, via
Mullingar, to Athlone. A survey was made, but no
company has yet been formed to carry it out.
CORK, COVE, AND YOUGHAL.—Preliminary steps
have beet,' taken towards the formation of a company
to undertake the construction of this line. A partial
surrey has been made, and the traffic taken, and the
results have proved of a highly satisfactory and en-
couraging nature. From all we have been able to
ascertain, we have reason to believe that this under-
taking will afford a most remunerative investment.
DUBLIN AND ARMAGIL—This project was mooted
by " Pierce and David Mahony-, solicitors," but no
prospectus has appeared, nor, as far as we can ascer-
tain, has any company been formed, or even a pro-
visional committee named, to bring the affair respect-
ably before the public. It is a revival of a project
which, in 1837, was set aside when it was attempted
to be put forward in competition with the Dublin and
Drogheda line.
KELLS TO LONGFORD.—CapitaI, 700,0001., in 14,000
shares of 501. each ; deposit, 2/. 10s. This line is de-
signed to extend the Kells branch of the Belfast
Junction into the interior to Longford. The pro-
spectus was published, but we are not aware that
anything more has been done. We believe the project
will be warmly taken up on a future occasion.
KINGSTOWN, WEXFORD, AND WATERFORD.--An
announcement appeared relative to this line, which,
it is understood, originated with the English Great
Western Company. Be this as it may, a survey of
the line has been made, but no prospectus has yet
been issued. It is said that the necessary plans and
sections have been lodged, and that an application
will be made next session for an Act. This line in•
eludes Carlow also.

LONDONDERRY AND COLERAINE.—This line has
been before the public by means of a notice, but no
prospectus has been published.
PORTARLINOTON AND TULLABIORE.—The notice of
an intention to apply to Parliament for a Bill for this
line was published since the 30th November, and the
notice states that the promoters intend seeking for the
suspension of the standing orders in their favour, so
as to obtain their Act next session. An arrangement
has been effected between the Great Southern and
Western and Irish Great Western Companies by
which the line to Galway will run from Portarling-
ton via Tullamore.—Dublin Monitor.

SINGULAR SURGICAL CASE.--A healthv•looking
young man, in great pain and distress, applied to Mr.
Smith, surgeon, of Michinharapton, having, as he stated,
swallowed a portion of the bone of a mutton chop,
which still remained in his throat. Mr. Smith, on in-
troducing an instrument, fonnd very great resistance
about half way down the oesophagus or gullet; however,
by applying very considerable force,lbe succeeded in
passing the instrument, together with the obstructing
substance, into the stomach. The operation, which of
necessity was attended with some degree of violence,
was followed with immediate and violent vomiting, when
a piece of gristle, with a large pin through it, was
ejected, and which, no doubt, had transfixed this portion
of food so firmly in his gullet.— Cheltenham Examiner.
RU➢IOURED MEETING OF THE BISHOPS.—We un•
derstand that a statement in the Evening Post,
that there is to be a meeting of the Catholic Bishops on
the 22d, is without foundation. It is certain, at least,
that in quarters where the fact should be knows, if it
were true, no intimation ofit has been received.—Dublia

APPROACHING MARRIAGE IN HIGH LlPB.—Mohun
Lal, the celebrated Orientalist, at present in Dublin,
will shortly lead to the hymeneal altar a beautiful young
lady, a native of the Irish metropolis, and her entire
family intend to accompany the happy couple to Persia!
Slohun gave 10,0001. towards the ransom of the Lady
Sale and Lady JSPNaughten.—Liinerich Reporter.
Sir John Pechell, Bart., we are happy to learn, is
gradually getting better. The respected Baronet takes
carriage airings when the weather permits, and receives
visits in the afternoon and the evenings, though still
unable to leave his sofa bed.