Star.
London, England, 1808-02-19 00:00:00

sure, and turn them trport • the ileitis of toe-
%hem it originated.' Accord:instil, the late 1.
tors resented_ the eiolence of France to a certain
degree orretaliatics, lenient indeed in itself, but
such as it seat- ' * .on both sides of the
House, might 11F[ &tried with justice to a much
greater extent tee the part of the neutral nations. the conditionsns on -__
Denmark, Portugal, and America, there was no With regard to the danger of a nusunw,...___
endeavour to procure a revocation of the French with America, no man could lament it more than he
decree, which was 56 violent an attack on the rights did, since every person must be sensible -that America
of neutral commerce. Our, Order of the 7th January and this country were the natural allies of each other.
was evaded, and Lisbon became the entrepot, by ' But he trusted, that when America looked at the rhea.
which the trade between nations in a state of hostility sure coolly, she would be sensible that every indel-
was carried on by means of neutrals, in defiance of gence had been shewn, compatible with the interests
---tonents of' our Order in Council. Denmark of this country. He trusted, that from every sense of
acquiesced in the execution of the French honour, of justice, and of interest,
she would avoa
Portugal, from her weakness, 'however rupture: Affairs were now brought to an issue be-
inclined to act faithfully towards this country, tween this country and France, and
would he tru
sted it
t
compelled to submit. In the year 1797 the would be a speedy one, and such as stis
Government of that period issued an edict the warfare which she waged against the commerce
- commerce, similar to that which was of this country would recoil upon herself.
Berlin by Bonaparte ; but the American Lord TEMPLE replied to the Hon. and Learned
Government then refused to acquiesce in it, and the Gentleman, whom he regarded as the official organ
in his speech to Congress, declared that it of the sentiments of Government, on a subject the
- considered as a measure of hostility re most important, perhaps, of any that had lately come
America. It was not too much to have ex- under the consideration of the House. He contended,
that the present President of America would that the Orders in question were a direct attack
regarded the late decree in a similat light. But on the commerce of neutrals, while they only at-
that the French decree had not been put tacked that of the enemy Collaterally. The language
the proper question however was, not of France in her decrees vras certainly boastful
, was enforced, but whether it was revoked ? enough ; but we were also to look to the means which
had been no counter order, exempting the she had :of enforcing them. From the explanation
s of America from its operation, and the of the Decree which. had been given by the Minister
s given by the French Minister of Marine, of Marine, it was evident that it was, not meant
be considered as the mere unauthorized to extend to the commerce of America. . This also
an individual. The terror and menace of was the opiniotrofthe American Ptesideetisexpresed
still remained in full force, in such away in his opening spesch to-Congress, andtheirlieas.tht
to embarrass the trade of this Country.— opinion of the American Merchants, who caeriedh
issued by the Spanish Government was their trade in its usuel channel, while the pi•iceof Inst.
. echo to the French, and • contained no ex- ranee was not at all raised, which would %hive' been
whatever in favour of the Americans, or of the case, had it been understood that the Fr( nch decree
. Neutrals. Under the operation of this de- was to be acted upon. Nay, in two different iii-
was well known that the American ship the stances, both in the Prize Courts of France and of
was captured by the Spaniards, solely on the, Spain, an American vessel and its cargo, taken under
its trading with this country. It was the decree of Blockade, were restored to the owners,
indeed, while the Russians opposed considera- It was thus 'decided, that American •Cornmerce • was
resistance to France on the Continent of Europe, not to be affected in its transit to and from this coun-
- decree would not be put in execution with try ; and the same sentiment had been repeated in the
severity ; but when all the continental projects Note of Meisrs. Pinckney and Monroe, delivered to
• had been accomplished, and she had ex- the Secretary of State for the Foreign Department,
trade of this country from the ports of Eu- on the 18th of October, 1807, only three weeks before
we find that Bonaparte disavowed every the last Orders in Council were issued. He contended
in favour of America, the consequence of that we had no right to call upon a neutralto interpose
has been, that America has found herself to obtain a revocation of the French decree, since she
impose an embargo upon her whole coin- had it not in her power to make her interposition el.
marine. The present situation of England fectual. It now appeared, however, that America, so
that she was excluded from every port far from tamely acquiescing, had laid an embargo on
,urope, except those of Sicily. Every article her whole mercantile marine, when she heard that
• produce and-manufactures was shut out, as far France meant to enforce her edict. He contended,
yin the power of France to do so, and it now that the present measure was not only inconsistent
necessary, if possible, 'to force open the chan- with the law of nations, but was also contrary to our
:ommerce, and to compel, from the overpower- municipal law. The freedom of neutral commerce
As of their own necessities, the subjects of France had been established by many statutes in this coun-
violate her own regulations. Such, he trusted, try, from the time of Magna Charta downwards, and
ae the effects of the present measure ; though in consequence of this, Montesquieu had observed,
far from thinking that it would crumble down that England was the only nation that made theo
fire-
power of France, or evin materially diminish her servation of the law of nations a branch of her p
overgrown power. In order to calculate the effects and cal freedom. The Noble Lord dwelt at great length
necessity of the present measure, it was necessary on the impolicy of the measure, when considered
lo the state of the produce and manufactures with regard to America, and entered into a variety of
'ranee previous to its operation. Covered as they calculations, sheaving the value of her commerce to
...f the protection of neutral flags, in spite of this country. He thought that this country had had
boasted naval superiority, their exportation was enough of attempting to tax the American Colonies,
ied on with the greatest ease andregulanty ; their and warned Ministers against adopting a measure
tufactures, in consequence, were in full vigour ; which would never be patiently submitted to by them.,
, was well known that at Amsterdam the an. Mr. ROSE defended the legality of the measure,
sales of tea, and other products of the East, took contending that it had not violated any law whatever,
with as much regularity as during a time of but on the contrary was expressly provided for by Act'
peace. The capitals of the French and of Parliament. When these Orders in Council were
Merchants were fully employed, and their made, he assured the House, they were not pointed
trade was conducted under the names of at America, but were intended as a direct and justifi-
,c Mercantile Agents whom they had established able retaliation against France. He then adverted to
America. It was true that our enemies had not the state of navigation of America, and the immense
- but they had colonies and commerce, extend- increase of her shipping and carrying trade, her trade
all parts of' the word under the cover of neu- from the East Indies with all parts of the world, and
while we suffered all the inconveniences of the reduction in the sale of all East India goods,
our own manufactures confined to the home pepper, tea, &c. He repeated, that nothing was
and that of our colonies, with the addition more desirable than to avoid warfare with America,
'America. We were thus placed in a state of and he could not help hoping, that when America
insist dreadful inequality, and it became abso- came to consider coolly and deliberately upon the
necessary for our own preservation, that we subject, she would be satisfied that these orders were
resort to some such measure as the present, and never intended against her ; that to preserve peace with
, the inhabitants of the Continent to become the that Country was most desirable ; and he was well
violators of their own prohibitions. The Hon. Mem- assured that Government would see, it in its true light,
• then considered the measure in relation to its bear- a measure of retaliation adopted through necessity.
- the law of nations, and contended, that the or- Mr. HIBBERT condemned the measure upon ge-
the 7th of January was the same in principle, neral principles, as by no means calculated to pro-1
not in extent, with the present .All the ar- duce the intended object, but on the contrary to injure
its which he had heard against that principle, our trade and manufactures :as the Chancellor of the'
:onvincingly refuted by the answer of a Noble Exchequer had said upon a former occasion, the pros
to the Note of Mr. Rist, the Danish envoy, perity of America was the prosperity of • Great Bri-
had lately been laid before the House. On min ; but upon broadergrounds he would say,fhatthe
paper he commented at considerable length, and prosperity of the world was the prosperity of Britain.
- from it the strongest arguments in support of Mr. WM. SMITH thought Ministers were not
measure. Such a measure of blockade as was aware of the consequences of this measure ; for even
• proposed to be enforced, could not certainly be in the single article of corn, now that we were so corn-
justified on the principle of promoting our own cora- pletely shut out of the Baltic, in the event of a war
mercial greatness, but only on that of self-preserva- with America, the mischief which must occur was in-
A fair time had been allowed for remonstrance calculable • and he thought the Honourable Gentle-
part of neutral nations. They had not,: how- man introducing this bill, While he carried it in one
, interposed; and though he should ever reprobate hand, should bring' in a general inclosure bill in the
principle of repelling injustice by injustice, yet if other. He wholly disagreed with the Learned Gen-
usages of the laws of nations were 'to be inolated tleman (Sir J. Nicholl) upon the legality of the mea-
thers with impunity, you might destroy yourselves sure, but congratulated the House on what tell from
idhcring to them. But it was said, that the inte- the Right Honourable Gentleman (Mr. Rose) upon`
,of neutrals would be injuriously affected by the the subject-of America.
Orders in Council. Now, Neutral Nations certainly Lord HENRY PETTY entered into' an elaborate
their rights, which were to be carefully attended examination of the Orders in Council in their relation
'nit they had also duties to perform, and one of the to this country; to the continent of, Europe, and to
imperious of those duties was impartiality be- America, and endeavoured-to shew that they were
the Belligerents. It was their duty to protest prejudicial to our nem commerce, without materially
lint the first infringement of their rights; hut if they injuring that of France, and that they would be like.
lied to such infringement, they had no right to ly to produce one of the greatest calamities which'
slain of ulterior measures taken by the other' could afflict this devoted country—a war with the
igerent in the way of retaliation. Besides, the United States. ' •
metes which neutral commerce might sustain, were Lord CASTLEREAGH at great length defended
to be regarded as incidental, and not the., these Orders in Council, and stated matnttialculatiaas
of the Orders themselves. These Orders were f, on the comparative commerce of England and Ame-
frimed in such a way as to grant every accommoda- ! rica' to shew that they would not interfere with the
consistent with their object to America, who was i national prosperity. Half the commerce of America
, almost the sole remaining
.neutral. She was per- , consisted of foreign imports subsemtently exported,
fitted to trade with the Colonies of the enemy, and ; almost the whole of which was French Colonial
_to bring their produce to the European markets, • produce. The total amounted to eleven millions
together with the produce of other parts of the Globe, sterling. Hernative produce was equal to ninemillions;
1 the condition of paying certain duties imposed so that her aggregate exports were '2O millions sterling.
this country on such commodities. But this was Whether the Orders in Council would involve us in a

war with the. United fitates,lie Would not yentottl
determine : but of this he was confident' that Gni&
Britain ought not to sacrifice her best and highlol,..
terests, because America ittight see her conduct in' a
wrong light, and precipitate a vier when a due regard
fir her own security and happiness would lead her to
avoid it. The twenty millions she exported, and all
the contingent profits on this extensive trade, would be
lost to her if she presumed to challenge the triumphant
navy of this country. Was it then to be imagined
that she would be utterly blind to her own advantage ?
On the contrary, was not the best expectations in fa-
vour of peace to be indulged from the just ground
that there was for supposing that the good sense of the
people would prevail over the contests of party, and
the dissentions of mercenary individuals. France, af.,
ter in vain attempting, by two distinct systems of mili-
tary warfare, had recently commenced a commercial
warfare against Great Britain, the object of which
these Orders in Council were intended to disappoint.
The plan adopted by Ministers teas a defensive and
counteracting project, which he hoped would fulfil the
design they were intended to accomplish.
A. division beidg loudly called for, there appeared
for the second reading of the Bill 214--Against it 93
—Majority 120.
•
W from2l While strangers were excludedthe Gallery
the Bill was read a second time ; aiid'We understand,
on the motion, that it be committed this day,
Mr. TIERNEY condemned the precipitation with
which it was attempted to carry this measure through
the House. It was one of the highest importance to
the Country, and if adopted without due deliberation,
might occasion the most pernicious consequences.—
No one valuable purpose could possibly be answered
by this extraordinary haste ' • and sufficient reasons
had been- assigned why, at least, the House should
'ilitigebefOrtit gave its final sanction. After a few
•nalgtionittiligetvrions pi) the nature and tendency of
this bola attek4V,a4ffec;thii the•greit ituerests of this
commer.iial'conntry,, linoter, division thrsit'ifa,te,
in
which the numbers Woce:ts 041pw:-,—tor the' ern*
mitment this day 1-47.4Agiihst
adjourned at: Three o'Clork. •
_.,_ • !

I Fil% -1 N .s-rx

-LONDON.-..; • f•
•-• _ . _

• • ---
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 19.; ::s
PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONF 0'C1.001C37
Comb. most. p}.—for Feb. seasons, .418*—Refluerdsiti,
clionloso, Sl—Ezcbequer Bills, per to Is. pre.

A circumstance rather remarkable happened
yes-
terday in the House of Lords, where a Motion of
Lord GREsYILLE, for Papers connected with the Or-1
ders of Council, was carried against Administration,
by a Majority of 9: but it appears that, in this in-
stance, Ministers were taken by surprise ; and Lord
Siimot.rru's Motion, for restoring the Danish Fleet,
was afterwards negatived, on a division of 105 to 51.
The division in which the Opposition were successful
was alluded to in the House of Commons by Lord
HENRY Prrzz, who mentioned it in terms of exulta-
tion. The following is a List of the Majority :
Gloucester Cholmondeley Holland
Norfolk Cowper Grenville
Somerset St. Vincent Auckland
Bedford Grey Erskine
Essex • Sidrnouth Moira
Carlisle St. John Hutchinson
Albemarle Darnley Ellenborough
Jersey King Lauderdale
Spencer Somers Selkirk
P noun.
Bute Shaftesbury Braybrooke
Hereford Blandford Derby
Thanct Koulyn Der dote
' rtulkeley Guildford Fife
i Luton Buckinghamshire Southampton
Ossory Stowell Foley
Carnarvon Mendip

Three Gottenburgh mails arrived this morning. Two
of them are old, but the mail due on Wednesday is one
of the three that has come to hand.
Letters of the 12th instant from Gottenburgh state
that the Stockholm post of that day had brought cer-
tain intelligence of Russia having declared war again
Sweden. Some of the accounts state, that the Rt s.
sians have already entered Swedish Finland ; both
Mons. ALOPEUS, the Russian Minister, and Count
MIOLKE. the Danish, were about to leave Stockholm.
The Officers and Staff.of the Swedish anti), in Fin-
land have received orders to join with all possible ex-
pedition.
There is a considerable demand at Gottenburgh
for colonial produce ; a number of foreigners are
buying up sugar, coffee, &c. which have risen 50 per
cent. in Hamburgh and the Baltic. A large quan-
tity, it is said is, in the present difficulty of naviga-
tion, going overland to Russia!
Sea coal, fire wood and coffee, are extremely dear
at Copenhagen.
Prince Wur.t.tx of Prussia, brother of his Prussian
Majesty, is arrived in Pari.s.,anit has had a long pri-
vate audience of his Majesty, the Emperor and King.
On thp244li'cif December there appeared in Copen-
hagen the following Royal Decree :
" 1. That all English property, and all wares originally English,
and which had not ceased to be English`property before the 13th
,of August, become forfeited to the Royal 'Treasury. . t
" 2. This forfeited property, inasmuch as it cannot be applied
to the benefit of the State or the Royal service, 'or is not already
disposed of, shall be sold by public astaidt4
" 3. The Custom-house Oath is to determine the place of sale,
and applications are to be: made to that Office in all that respects
this conterni ,
"4. As.the-sal- the Custom-house prescriptions will be obser-
ved,
aid'esie will be taken that contraband wares do not remain
lathe country."
By another Decree of the 28th December, the ex-
=ion of the following goods is prohibited out of
Danmark into foreign countries, viz. sugar, wine,
vinegar made from wine, brandy made from grapes,
West-India rum, train-oil, oil, rice, and syrop.
A letter of the 2d instant from Gottenburgh says:
" The Danes are playing off a rascally trick at the sum; near
that paint of land there runs a reef of rocks easterly, near a league
in extent, into the Cauegat ; to guard against which, there was,
till our rupture with Denmark, a light at the Scaw. The Danes
have now erected a light about a league to the west of the origi-
nal light, thus drawing any ships not acquainted with the altera-
tion (of wilinev('r nation they may be) into ceroin destruction."

Denmark, P 4
endeavour to
decree, which
of neutral co;
was evaded,
which the to
was carried i
the enat tmen
virtually accp
decree, and :
much incline<
was compel
French Govt
against our
issued from 1
Government
President, in
ought to be c
lauve to Am
petted that I
have regarde
1 it was said t
in force ; td
whether it vr
—There ha<
commerce o
explanation
could only
opinion of al
the decree st
as greatly tc
The decree
merely an el
emption wh,
any other N
tree, it was
Samson wa:
ground of
likely, rode
Me resistant
that the de
great seven
of France 1
eluded the
rope, then
exemption
which has
obliged to
inertial ma
was such,
of Europe
of our pros
as it lay in
became no
nels of con
ing calls of
to violate
would be t
he was far
the power
overgrown
the necessi
to look to
of France
It were by ti
our boaste
carried on
manufactt
and it was
nual sales
place witl
profound
Dutch M
whole tr.'.
those Met
in Americ
ships, but
ing to all
1 trals, wh
having o
market, a
also of A
the most
lutely no
should re
reduce tl
violators
bet then
ing on tl
derofth
though
gurnents
were ca
Lord tc
which I
this pap
drew fn
the mea
now prc
justified
mercial
tion.
on the I
ever, inl
the prir
the usa
by other
by adhe
rests of
Orders
' had the
to ; but
most is
tween t
against
yielded
compla
Bell
inirtries
only t
object c
framed
tion ca
now all
wittedl even to
togethe
• on the
by this

exelaintedsgoiest, asitutios.the Ameticshs: now the
fact was, that if you had a tight to interdict the com-
merce with France 3111 d her subject nations altogether,
I and this, he ecateadod, woo a right, founded on the
1 previous French decree ti. blockade, you had a right
to frame regulations-with segavd to it, and to annex
the conditions on which it was to be carried on.—