The Sun.
London, England, 1842-04-07 00:00:00

INDIAN NEWS.
BENGAL.
ADDITION TO TILE INDIAN ARMY.---The following
extract from the Calcutta Government Gazette Extra
'indicates the intention of Government to make a much
more substantial addition to the Indian army than
that intimated in the proclamation noticed :in
our lasts ,There are seventy-four regular regiments
in the Bengal army. A company added to each will
be a virtual augmentation of nearly 8,000 men.
'l,he addition in Bombay will amount to 2,600;
that cf .Madras s,4oo—the total augmentation to
',..?"16;000 men. This is reckoned an economical method
'",itincreasing the army as compared with an increase
-.the number of regiments. It saves European
cers, but it makes a regiment of 1,200 strong. a
snot unwieldy mass of men. We are already short
of European officers. In 15 royal regiments now in
Bengal, there are 580 officers ; in 91 .cavalry and in-
fantry, and 10 battalions of artillery—equal to 101
regiments of Company's troops—there are 1,500 offi-
cers ; nearly 40 to each-Queen's regiment, and 15 for
each one of the Company's ; or, in fact, the officers in
the Queen's, as compared with those in the Company's
regiments, are nearly as three to one.
FORT WILLIAM, FEB. 5.
_ _ _

a portion of the native troop horse artillery was
also stationed there, every one ready to act if re-
quired. About two r. s. orders were received that
the cavalry were taken prisoners, and for the above
parties to withdraw. I learn also that a native officer
of the cavalry, who has two sons among the troopers,
243 in number taken prisoners, had also refused to
take his pay and had given up his sword. A number
of the troopers absconded and are not to be found.
Camp equipage, I learn, was prepared, and had in
readiness for the 4th light cavalry, 7th and 48th regi-
ments N. 1., which corps it is in contemplation to
remove from this force, but their destination is not
known. The General, arigadier, and staff yesterday
morning proceeded to the parade of the 48th regi-
ment N. 1., who were paraded without arms awaiting
their arrival. After addressing them, the men re-
plied that they would not take their pay without batta,
and ordered all those that were willing to take
their pay to fall out. A great number fell out of each
company, and among those that remained two men
who were anxious to speak to the General were
called out to the front, which they accordingly did.
The General endeavoured to induce them to take
their pay ; they positively refused, one of whom was
ordered to be confined. He was seized and was taken
away a very short distance, when the rest of the men
all rushed upon them and rescued him. The Lambs
who were ready paraded in the rear of the mess-house of
the 48th regiment came up immediately, and formed
round them. Eight men were selected out of 134, and
sent to the main guard, the remining 126 were marched
to the vacant barracks of the 21st regiment to the
left of the arsenal. The men of the 32d and 48th re-
giments N. I. in confinement have been ordered to
march to-morrow morning to Mulkapore, escorted by
300 men of the Ist European regiment with a gun
from the horse artillery and one of the Ist battalion
artillery, where they are to be made over to the
charge of the 25th regiment N. 1., under the command
of Major O'Dell. The sth Nizam's horse are to
proceed with them to Mulkapore. After leaving
duffadar's party with the 25th N.I. they are to re-
turn. The Ist European. regiment only escorted
them clear out of the cantonments. The 25th
regiment N.I. are at present halted at Mulkapore.
On the arrival of the prisoners, the corps will
march with them, leaving three companies under an
experienced officer, there to await further instruc-
tions. A European and two native commissioned
officers, and four havildars, from each of the above
corps, are to accompany the families of the prisoners
(for whom carriage has been provided by the Com-
missariat department) towards Warapilly. It is ru-
moured that these men are to be taken down to
Madras, and put on the -roads to work. Another
rumour is that that the D. troop horse artillery are
ordered down from Jaulnah, and one or two troops ofl
the 15th hussars.—Madras Atheneum.

Right Hon. the Governor-
General No. 32 of 1842.—The Ri
of India in Council has been pleased to resolve,
that a tenth company of the present strength shall be
added to each native infantry regiment of the line of
the Bengal, Madras, and Bombay armies.
The necessary communication has been made to the
Governments of Madras and Bombay, and his Excel-
lency the Commander-in-Chief in India has been
requested to issue such orders as may be necessary
for giving effect at this Presidency to the resolution
of Government.

J. STUART, Lieut.-Col.,
Secretary to the Government of India,
Military Department.
MADRAS.
By this morning's tappal we have received the fol-
lowing letter from a correspondent at Secunderabad,
dated the 10th instant :
" The 10th regiment native infantry arrived here
on the 2d instant, and occupied the quarters on the
left of the Bowenpilly road on the sth. The 25th
regiment native infantry marched hence on the morn-
ing of the sth instant, en route to Cuddanah.
" Pay was drawn for the 7th regiment N. I. on
the 4th, and the bad effects of the ill judged and nar-
row-minded policy of the Supreme Government were
immediately perceived in the refusal of the troops to
receive pay without batta 1 I cannot describe to you
the feelings which pervaded all ranks of society
in the cantonment on the sth, (and also up to the
presetit time) when the truth had spread abroad of
the 7th N. I. refusing to a man to receive their
pay (excepting, of course, the native commissioned,
non-commissioned naigues, drum and lance naigues)
who in every corps see the wisdom, nay, the neces-
sity, of accepting their pay quietly as good and
faithful soldiers. The 7th N. 1. on the sth, having
positively refused to receive pay, the circumstance
was immediately reported to the Acting Ackjutant-
General, Captain Grant, who proceeded to their bar-
racks, and with great difficulty succeeded in getting
them to take their pay.
"This corps was ordered to parade in heavy march-
ing order on the morning of the 7th by their Com-
manding Officer, but refused to turn out on the
bugles being sounded for their assembly. This resolu-
tion, it appears, was made known by the men on the
previous evening, and which was accordingly re-
ported to the authorities. On the morning of the
7th, Major-General Fraser and Brigadier Riddell, at-
tended by the whole of the staff, proceeded to the
barracks of that corps and got the men assembled in
close columns ; they were asked by the Major-Gene-
ral two or three times whether they would return to
their duty, when they all replied that they were
willing to do duty provided they got their batta ,• till
the batta was given to them they would attend no
more parades for drill, &c., but only do general and
regimental duties. The services of the Lambs were
in requisition for them, who did not approach to
them, though ready to act if called upon. The Gene-
ral and Brigadier and staff, after dismissing the 7th
N. 1., proceeded, about half-past eight, A,M., to the
barracks of the 48th native infantry, who were then
under arms awaiting their arrival, the corps having
been previously out in heavy marching order. The
corps (right wing) was ordered to be formed in close
column of companies, when the Major-General
passed round and then addressed them through Cap-
tain Grant, Acting Adjutant-General. After express-
ing the Major-General's displeasure at their conduct
against the 7th N. I. (which that corps, it would
appear, complained about to the General of having
received abuse from them, though the complaint was
more imaginable than real, and exaggerated in all
their variations of relating it), he trusted that there
would be no recurrence of the subject; should there
be any, that he would place sentries all round their
lines, and not let even a child out, and that every
hour there should be roll call for them ; also pro-
bably that they would draw pay this day or to-
morrow (the Bth), and, when issued to them, they
were to receive it, and should they refuse, that he
would get every one of them discharged the service;
but after having taken their pay quietly, he had no
objection to any proper representation being made of
any real or supposed grievance they laboured under—
that the General never heard of such a thing as
mutiny' in the Madras turves. About nine, A.M.
the General proceeded from thence to the barracks of
the 32d NJ., who were also under arms awaiting
his arrival. After addressing them, they were asked
whether they would not receive their pay ; they one
and all (excepting the ranks above stated, as in the
7th N. 1., in which the musicians are to be in-
cluded) declared that they would not receive pay
without batta.' There seemed to be great con•
fusion and noise among them for some time.
Silence was ordered by the Assistant Adjutant.
General, who again addressed them by order of the
Major •General, and said that all those who were will-
ing to take their pay were to go on one side, and those
who d •clined to stand still. On this the native coin-
ted, non-commissioned, naigues, drummers,
lance naigues, and private musicians fell out, and by
strong persuasion a very few privates (about twenty)
also fell "out; but the remaining men were inflexible
n their refusal—every endeavour to bring them to
terms was tried, but in vain, when a staff officer was
sent off to bring two companies of the Lambs, and
an artillery officer for the artillery. Previous to
the arrival of the Lambs, the men were ordered to
gr,,und arms, which they did, and shouted loudly,
Dheeo, diteeo;" they were ordered to face to the
right and march, when they again shouted, " Dheen,
(lheen." The men who consented to take their pay were
paraded in line on their right flank ; the arms, &c.,
were put in the barracks ; afterwards they were ordered
to take off' their accoutrements, which they did, and
which were also put in the barracks and locked up. The
Lambs having come up and halted in a street in rear
of the barracks, were ordered to march and form
round them, when they called out " kill-kill
niaurrow-maurrow." The whole of the men, amount-
ing then to 280, (but since increased to about 360),
were marched off to the vacant barracks known as
the 21st to the left of the arsenal, and are kept there
in confinement, under a guard of the Lambs, for whose
accommodation tents have been pitched. The Gene
&c., proceeded home a little after 10 A.M.
In the course of the morning, I heard that the 4tl.
light cavalry had also told their officers that they
would not on any account receive their pay without
h.itta. In the evening two or three companies of the
Lambs proceeded to Bowenpilly, anti also the artillery,
with the General, Brigadier, and staff', but the whole
returned after three P.M., their visit proving unsuc-
cessful in bringing-them to terms. It appears also
that the men pelted the officers out of the lines with
currycombs and brushes. The next morning (Tues-
day the Bth) the General and staff proceeded again to
Bowenpilly, anti directed the cavalry to prepare to
march on the following morning out of the Nizarn's
dominions, which they agreed to do, provided they got
pay and batta for the period they were in Secunder-
abad, mid a month's pay and batta in advance; and
still not succeeding in quieting them, four companies
of the Lambs were ordered down, and also part of
the. European native foot artillery, and a troop of
horse artillery, about 10 A.M. This corps, perhaps
one of the best of the mounted arm, turned quit(
the exception of the native commis-
refractory (with
sioned, non-commissioned, naigues, trumpeters, &c.,
and eleven troopers, who consented to receive their
pay without batta) and severely ill-treated one of
their European officers, the junior Adjutant, and
a trooper (one of the eleven that agreed to
take his pay), who was obliged to be sent to
liospitalinunetliately. They had possession of their
arms, and were in a state of open mutiny; the ar-
tillery formed close upon them with their guns loaded
.with canister grape, and the Lambs with charged
bayonet. They were directed to ground arms, which
therrefused to do, when the Lambs were closing
non them by degrees, and the Russell brigade, or
IV izam's lancers, from Bolarum, who had been sent
far, came tearing up to their lines; on perceiving
them, they threw down their arms, which were
taken possession of and lodged in the arsenal
4fter the affair was ended. On being ordered
to march as prisoners to Bolarum, they would
not stir, but were obliged to move on, when the
Lambs brought down their Brown Bess to the charge,
and at the point of which they were escorted a short
distance and made over to the charge of the Nizain's
lancers, who escorted them to Bolarum, where they
are now in confinement.
When the Lambs and artil-
lery proceeded to Bowenpilly on the morning of the
Sth, two companies of the European regiment with a
portion of the native horse artillery, European and
fatit artilL in were paraded in line front of the
church. The European and native commissioned and
non-commissioned, naigues, drummers, and musicians
(,t* each corps were all under arms in their respective
barracks ; the guns at the arsmal were manned by
the warrant and non-commissioned staff•officerst an I

A private letter received in town from one of the
captive officers in India, furnishes the following list of
persons who escaped the slaughter at Cabool, and were
safe in Fort Buddeeabad, Lughmanee Valley, about 60
miles from Jellalabad, on the 18th January, 1842 :
Gen. Elphinstone Lieut. Mein
Brig.-Gen. Shelton „ Melville
Major Pottinger • Mr. Ryley and fatr;ly
Capt. Lawrence „ Fallon
- „ Troop Lieut. Eyre and family
„ Mackenzie Lady M`Naghten
„ Boyd and family ~ Sale
„ Antierson and do. Mrs. Sturt
Lieut. Waller and do. „ Mainwaring
~ Johnston
They have been very k
Akbar.

indly treated by Mahmood

It must be satisfactory to the friends of the officers
named, to know that they were in safety up to the
date specified, and that Mahmood Akbar had just told
theni that, as soon as the road was clear, he would
himself escort them all safely to Peshawur.

STATE AND PROSPECTS OF BU-
'SINESS in the_UNITED STATES.
The following is an extract of a letter from one of
the oldest merchants in New York, dated March 15,
and received by the Hibernia:"
With respect to cotton, I anticipate a further
decline in your market, unless the Corn-laws are mo-
dified so as to meet, in some degree, the wishes of
the bUlk of your population. I observe that Sir
Robert Peel intends the continuance .of the sliding
seale, which will keep bread so dear that the people
cannot clothe themselves, and, of course cannot pay
for the goods they make ; and we cannot sell them,
except at a great loss, if they are sent here. The
produce of all kinds in the United States
is so low in price that it will not pay for transporta-
tion, and our farmers must make clothing for them-
selves, which is the case, to a great extent, at present,
particularly in the cotton growing States and in the
northern sections of the country. There is enough
to eat, for a man can earn a bushel of corn for his
day's work, and mechanics two bushels ; so they are
not likely to starve, as Englishmen are doing, but they
have not money to buy clothes, and, therefore, must
make them.
-" lam quite of opinion, that low as the prices of
cotton are, it will lose money to ship it to England.
" You will be disappointed in the orders for manu-
factured goods from the United States : they will be
much curtailed from want of consumers able to pa v
for them. Your newspapers say it will not do to sell
goods to the Americans, unless they pay for them. We
do not want your goods, whether paid for or not.
Englishmen will not trust Americans who wish to pur-
chase on credit, but, in lieu thereof, send theirgoods out
here and sell them at a loss of 25 to 50 per cent.
Our mutual friend, D. S., wit°, you know, lived in
Liverpool nearly thirty years, and has a thorough
knowledge f manufactured goods, confirms what I
have said as to the loss of 25 to 50 per cent. on
imports of new goods 1 The reason of this loss,
that our agricultural population are unable to pay
for goods, and, therefore, make their own clothing.
"I well remember when every farmer made his
own clothes, and were thed independent, and they
must do the same again. They own their own farms,
and have scarcely any taxes to pay.
" Trade, generally, has been much depressed, and
will, I fear, continue so. I anticipate a bad trade all
this year, and think that those who will do the least
business will, ultimately, be the better for it."—
Liverpool Albion.

TURKEY and the HANSE TOWNS.
TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGA'T'ION.
COASTANTINOPLE, MARCH I.s.—The ratifications
of a convention of navigation and commerce, concluded
between the Sublime Porte and the free Hanseatic Re-
publics were.. exchanged at the Porte, on the 10th
instant, by his Excellency Sarim Effendi, Ottoman
Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Dr. Colquhoun,
Hanseatic Charge d'..Mraires, on a special mission.
the following is a textual translation of this document.
the publication of which cannot fail to be interesting
to various States of Germany, that have or have not
negotiated commercial treaties with the Sublime
Porte :-
4‘ IN THE NAME or GOD—Ill order the better to
explain the treaty of friendship, commerce, and navi-
gation, recently concluded between the Sublime Porte
and the Senates of the free 'Hanseatic Republics of
Lubeck, Brennen, and Hamburgh, and to regullte the
duties payable upon merchandise imported from
Turkey as well as that imported into the Sultan's
dominions, and in order to establish and consecrate
the rights, privileges, immunities, and obligations of
Hanseatic merchants, trafficking, or residing within
the limits of the Ottoman Empire, it has been
agreed to regulate, by special additional Act,
the commercial intercourse of their citizens and
subjects, with the view of augmenting the trade be-
tween their respective States, and of facilitating the
exchange of the produce of one country for that of
the other. They have consequently named for their
plenipotentiarie3, his Imperial Majesty Abdul Medjid
Khan 1., his Excellency Mohamed Sadjk Rifaat
Pacha, one of the noble ministers of the exalted mon-
archy, actually Minister of Foreign Affairs, decorated
,vith the particular insignia (nishan) of his high rank,
c., and the Senates of the free republics of Lubeck,
Bremen, and Hamburg, each for itself separately,
Patrick Colquhoun, LL.D., who after having com-
municated their respective full powers, found to be
in due and proper form, have agreed upon the follow-
ing articles :--

" Art. 1. All rights, privileges, and immunities
which have been conferred upon Hanseatic citizens,
subjects, or ships, by treaties already existing-, are
nosy and for ever confirmed, excepting 'such as may
be specially modified by the present convention, and
it is, moreover, expressly understood that the rights,
privileges, immunities, and prerogatives, which the
Sublime Porte" now grants, or may accord hereafter
to the ships or subjects of any foreign power, or which
it may permit to be enjoyed by the ships or subjects
of any other power shall be equally granted to Han-
seatic citizens, subjects, and ships who shall possess
the rights, exercise, and enjoyment thereof.
"Art. 2. The citizens and subjects of the free
Hanseatic Republics, or their agents, shall, from this
time forth, be at liberty to purchase, at all places
within the Ottoman empire, whether fol. internal
trade or exportation, all articles, without exception,
the growth or manufacture of the said empire.
" The Sublime Porte formally engages to abolish
all monopolies affecting agricultural produce, and all
other articles whatsoever within its territory, and
likewise to abandon the custom of Teskeres (per-
mits) demanded from local authorities, either for the
Purpose of merchandise, or for its removal from one
Place to another when purchased. Any attempt that
'hall be made, by any local authority whatever, to
Compel Hanseatic citizens or subjects to provide them-
selves with such Teskeres, shall be considered as an
infraction of treaties and the Sublime Porty shall
forthwith severely punish any Vizier or other public
functionary found guilty of such infraction, and the
Sublime Porte shall cause Hanseatic citizens and sub-
jects to be indemnified for any loss or vexations which
they prove themselyes to have suffered thereby.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS
FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
GLOBE.—The Resolutions of which Lord John
Russell has given notice , for. to-morrow (Thursday),
on the bringing up of the Report of the Income 'lax
Resolution, will, we predict, remain unanswered in
debate, though they may be negatived on division.
These resolutions, in fact, embody the common sense,
of the question between Government and the country.
The truth is, that the same conviction which inspires
Lord John Russell's resolutions, lurks in the argu-
ments and admissions of the Premier himself on his
new measures. A correct sense of the real state of
things' is discernible in the one and the other. The
only difference is that 'one can, and the other cannot,
afford to bring his conclusions into practical conform-
ity with his premises. Sir Robert Peel is compelled
to extract a plea of justification for ati income tax from
the same facts which enable Lord John Russell to
show such a tax unnecessary. In effect Sir Robert
himself has not affirmed the income tax to be ne-
cessary for the sole purpose of meeting the exist-
ing deficit. He has eked out the necessity for
the tax by giving up more of the revenue. He has
pursued, without the excuse of any doubt resting on
the result, the same policy which he has made
the subject of so much censure in his predecessors.
How repeatedly have they been charged, as the head
and front of their financiAl offending, with reducing
the rate- of postage, in the face of a merely incipient
deficit 1 We have now the timber duties struck down
in the face of ascertained and recurring defieiency. In
fact, the Premier felt the necessity of "doing the
Liberal'? in one line or other; and finding himself
precluded from doing it in lines which would have in-
creased the revenue, was obliged to do it in a line,
which would increase the deficit. So far, there-
fore, as • that part of his commercial and financial
policy goes, he simply repeats what has been charged
on the Whigs as the popular vice of their administra-
tion, and repeats it under aggravated inopportune cir-
cumstances. He catches their knack of diminishing
revenue, just as they had begun learning to in-
cease it. The only difference therefore between Whig
and Tory finance hitherto, is that, whereas the Whigs
incurred a deficit before their eyes were well open,
and So soon as- they were open, adopted commercial
measures to fill it up, the Tories adopt com-
mercial measures to render the deficit greater, and
then declare that they cannot make up the public
revenue without an income tax.
STANDARD.—The revenue returns more than
realise the satisfactory anticipations which we have
offered. The increase upon the year'ending yesterday,
as compared with the year preceding, amounts to
687,9411.; the increase upon the quarter, as compared
with the April quarter of 1841, to 111,3121. The only
decrease upon the year appears under the heads of
Stamps 'and Excise, 123,589/. upon the former ;
65,427/. upon the latter. For the diminution in the re-
turn of stamps it is not easy to suggest a reason.
The decline in the Excise is small, but it is important,
as an unequivocal proof of the distress of the humble
classes ; for it is a decrease upon decrease, where, if
the people were in a right condition, there ought to
be a progressive increase, proportioned at least to the
increase of population ; it is more important in refe-
rence to instruction when we compare it with the
great increase upon taxes—the most important increase
of the year—amounting to no less than 422,1881.
Now, if we were' to take this increase alone as
the test of the condition of the whole people, we
Must conclude that that condition is prosperous,
for otherwise , than prosperous the condition of a
people, whose. annual contribution, according to a
fixed scale, adjusted to their mode of life, augments
at the rate of nearly half -a million annually, can-
not be. Buthere comes the dccrease in the Excise,
to warn us that, the assessed taxes are net a fair test
of the. condition-of .the whole -people ; for were they,-
the Excise, iffeetink articles universally consumed,
must advance part - paSsti with them. We are thus
brought to the'infreac 'Oat, the assessed.taxes are'
a test only or: time, condition of classes and these
classes must -be the.ligher. classes and: middle classes ;
while the Exeise .isy as far as it goes, the only'
test of the ieoliditibh 'of • the :less affluent. We
say as far as it s,. because as the higher and.
middle' classes, proved by: the assessed taxes to be
prosperous to,some _extent; are, in common with the
lower classes, consumers of exciseable articles, and,
therefore:being prAperOuS; consume more than here-,
tofore,, it is plain,-iiiikhe deficiency in the Excise
does not adequately 'represent the degree of de-
pression among the latter. To arrive at such an
adequate representation, we must add the pro-
bable increase 'of consumption by the higher •
and middle -classes t 9 .:the actual decrease; and
this will exhibit a very gloomy view of the state of:
the poor. The true, usetofthe instruction of the past
and present, however,, respects the future; and the
view of the revenue -for the last year, and for several
preceding years, plainly points to an income tax, in
one shape or other, as the only just and politic mea-
sure of taxation. '

" Art. 3. All llanseatic merchants; or their agents,
who shall purchase any article whatever, the growth
or manufacture of Turkey, with intent to re ,sell the
same for internal consumption in the Ottorhan Em-
pire, shall pay, upon the purchase or sale thereof,
the same duties that are paid under similar circum-
stances by Mussulman subjects, or by the most fa-
voured class of Rayas who may be engaged in in-
ternal trade.
" Art. 4. All articles, beinc the growth and manu-
facture of Turkey, bought fo'r exportation, shall be
conveyed, free of every-charge or duty whatever, to
a convenient place of shipment ; upon their arrival
and entry there, they shall pay a fixed duty of 9 per
cent., ad valorem, in lieu of all former duties on in-
ternal commerce, which are abolished by the present
convention. Upon exportation, they shall pay' the
duty of 3 per cent., as formerly -established, and now
existing.
"It is well understood, however, that all articles
purchased for exportation at the place of shipment,
and which have-already paid the interior duties, on
entering the same, shall only pay the original import
duty of 3 per cent.
" Art. 5. All articles being the growth or manu-
facture of the free llanseatic Republics, or of States
forming part of the Germanic Confederation, and all
merchandise whatsoever embarked in Hanseatic ves-
sels, being the property of llanseatic citizens or sub-
jects, or conveyed by land or by sea from other coun-
tries by the same, shall' be admitted as heretofore into
all parts of the Ottoman dominions without excep-
tion, upon the payment of 3 per cent., calculated upon
the value of such articles.
" And in lieu of all interior duties at present levied
upon such produce or manufactures, whether the im-
porter shall sell them at the place of reception or send
them for sale into the interior, he shall pay one fixed
additional duty of 2 per cent. If after this such pro-
duce or merchandise be re-sold in the interior, no fur-
ther duty shall be demanded of the seller or pur-
chaser, nor from him who having purchased may de-
sire to export the same.
" All merchandise that shall have paid the old im-
port duty of 3 per cent. at one port, may be sent to
another free of all further duty, and it is only when
sold or conveyed thence into the interior, that the a&
ditional duty of 2 per cent. shall be paid.
"It is always understood that the Governments
of the free Hanseatic Republics do not pretend, either
by this, or by any other article of the present Con-
vention, to stipulate for more than the natural and
precise construction of the terms employed, nor
in any manner to deprive the Government of his
Imperial Majesty of the exercise of its rights of in-
ternal administration, in so far as the exercise of
these rights does not manifestly infringe upon the
stipulations of the treaty (18th May, 1839), or upon
the privileges accorded by the present convention to
Hanseatic citizens and subjects, or their property.
" Art. 6. All llanseatic citizens and subjects, or
their agents, may freely trade throughout all parts
of the Ottoman empire, with merchandize brought
from foreign countries ; and if these goods shall
have paid upon entry the importation duty,
Hanseatic merchants, or their agents, shall have
the faculty of trading with the same upon paying
the additional duty of 2 per cent., to which they shall
be subjected, upon goods that they themselves may
have imported for sale, or for transmission with the
intention of selling them in the interior. This pay-
ment being once made, the merchandise shall be -free
from all further duties, no matter what may be its ul-
terior destination.
" Art. 7. No duties whatever shall be levied on
passing the Straits of the Dardanelles, Bosphorus,
and Black Sea, upon Hanseatic merchandise, whether
the growth or manufacture of the free Hanseatic re-
publics, or of states forming part of the Germanic
confederation, or upon merchandise the growth or
manufacture of other foreign countries, when these two
kinds of merchandise shall be loaded in Hanseatic
vessels, or shall belong to Hanseatic citizens or sub-
jects, whether such goods shall remain on board the
vessels which brought them, or whether they be
transhipped into other vessels, or whether, being in-
tended for sale elsewhere, they be landed for a limited
time, and then shipped into other vessels to continue
their voyage.
" All merchandise imported into Turkey for the
purpose of transmission to other countries, or which,
remaining in the hands of the importer, shall bo trans-
mitted by him for sale in other countries, shall only
pay the first importation duty of 3 per cent., and on
no pretext whatever shall he be subjected to any fur-
ther duty.
" Art. 8. The firmans required to be issued to
Hanseatic vessels, on passing the Dardanelles and Bos-
phorus shall always be delivered to them in such man-
ner as to occasion the least possible delay.
"Art. 9. The Sublime Porte consents to the legis-
lation established by the present convention shall
have affect throughout all provinces of the Ottoman
empire, that is to say, in all the possessions of his Im-
perial Majesty situated in Europe, in Asia, in Egypt,
and in other parts of Africa, belonging to the Sublime
Porte, and that it shall be applicable to all classes of
Ottoman subjects.
" Art. 10. In order to prevent all difficulties and
delays in estimating the value of articles imported into
Turkey, or exported from the Ottoman dominions by
Ilanseatic citizens or subjects, it has been agreed to
adopt, and it is hereby adopted, according to the sti-
pulations of the present convention, the tariff drawn
up in conformity with the stipulations of the English
convention, which fixes the sum, in coins of the
Sultan, that must be paid as the duty of three per
cent. by Hanseatic citizens and subjects, upon the
value of all articles of commerce exported or imported
by them, as also the fair valuation of the interior
duties to which Turkish produce and manufactures,
destined for exportation, are subjected .by the present
convention.
" The tariff thus adopted shall remain in force for
the period of seven years from the date of exchanging
the ratifications. At the expiration of this period
each of the high contracting parties shall be at liberty
to demand a revision of this tariff. But if, within the
six months succeeding the expiration of the seven first
years, neither one or other should exercise this faculty,
the tariff shall continue to have legal force for another
seven years, dating from the day when the first seven
years shall have expired, and the same shall he the
case at the end of each succeeding period of seven years
" Conclusion—The present convention shall be ra-
tified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Con-
stantinople, within the space of six months, or sooner
if possible, and it shall commence to have effect imme-
diately after the exchange of ratifications.
The ten preceding articles having been agreed upon
and concluded, the present act has been signed and
sealed by us, and has been delivered to the plenipo-
tentiary of the Ilanse Towns, in exchange for that
which he has delivered to us.
" Done at Constantinople this 21 Redjieb, 1257
(Sept. 7, 1841.) -Signed " RIFAAT,
" P. COOUN
" Ratified, 26 Moharrem, 1258 (Marc ch QUH
10, 1842).. "
Such are the contents of the Hanseatic treaty,
which, it, will he seen, is based upon that concluded
by Lord Ponsonby in 1838. This convention cannot
fail to produce a salutary effect upon the commercial
interest of northern and central Germany, the greater
portion of whose export trade must pass through its
natural ehannelg, the Ilanse towns. Of the ex-
tent of this trade, as regards the latter place, some
idea may be formed from the fact that the value of
the exports and imports of Prussia, passing through
the Hanse towns prior to the existence of the Customs
Union, exceeded 49,771,000 rix dollars, or nearly 73-
millions sterling. This sum amounting at that pe-
riod to two-thirds.of the total Prussian annual trade,
has much increased, and will continue to increase in
proportion to the progress of the Silesian, and Saxon,
and IVestphalitm manufactures.
From the number of Georgian and other merchants
engaged in the Persian and Levant trade, who fre-
quent the fitirs of Leipsic and the Hanse towns'
markets, especially that of Hamburg, combined with
various advantages local and administrative, causes the
above convention, may be regarded as not less useful
to the interior of Germany than it is to the ports
immediately interested ; and the more so, since the
facilities afforded by the cheapness and security of
the Hanseatic navigation tend to draw towards them
the produce of States which are either devoid of mari-
time convenience and carriage, or whose ports, like
thoso of Prussia, are less favourably situated.
Indeed, 'the convention thus negotiated, by the
llanse Towns' charge d'affaires may be said, as regards
the States forming part 'of the German Customs'
Union, to be a completion of that of a similar cha-
racter concluded by Prussia. For the treaty made
by the latter, however -useful to her subjects per-
sonally, could only be considered as a dead letter,
in a general point of view, until the Hanse towns
entered into an arrangement with the Sublime Porte,
by which the produce and manufactures of Prussia
and the Customs Union could be exported freely into
Turkey. However beneficial the Customs' Union
may be to internal circulation, yet, with
regard to distant countries, and epecially the
Levant and Persia, their external trade must
chiefly depend upon the assistance of the Hanse
towns, their best and natural carriers. Impeded
during many months by the ice of the Baltic, and its
expenses at all times increased by the Sound dues and
length of navigation, Prussia finds herself in a cer-
tain measure landlocked, and unless she avails herself
of the aid of Hamburgh or Bremen, has no eastern
channels open to her, save those by the Danube and
Trieste, rendered tedious and expensive by long and
complicated carriage, by transhipments, by Austrian
transit duties, and other incidental risks and charges.

BRIG H TON—WEDNESDAY.
LONDON AND BRIGHTON RAILWAY: - Yesterday
(Tuesday) considerable anxiety existed at Brighton
through the delay in the arrival of the first train from
London, which was heightened by the recent accident
on another line. The train reached the terminus about
three-quarters of an houi• after time, causei by an acci-
dent occurring to the engine, near Holley, where they
were delayed for a considerable time in repairing it.
Not the slightest injury happened to any of the pas-
sengers.

ITEPRESENTATION OftIiftIGIITON.---Mr. Summers liar-
ford is succeeding beyond his most sanguine expecta-
tions in the canvass, and has already more promises
than the Tories polled at the last election. 'Although
Mr. Harford only started on Monday there is every
prospect of Success, notwithstanding that his adversary
was in the field three weeks before him. - A Chartist
meeting was held
,last night to secure the. return or
Mr. Brooker, but little notice is taken of their.
proceedings. - A great meeting of the electors will.
take place at the Town-hall on Thursday (this day), to
which both "the candidates and Captain Pechell, the
sitting Members, have been invited. .

. • ____________
LEC TI ON COMM 1 TTEES.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.)
WIGAN.
The rote of John.Coyle was then objected to by Counsel for
the sitting Members, on the ground of insufficiency of value.
The case was not decided on at the r'sing of the Committee
at a few minutes before four o'clock.

GREAT MARLOW AND 51ELCOAIBE REGIS.
The vote of Janice Putey was then objected to by Counsel,
for ten petitioners, on the ground that he had been bribed to'
vote for the sitting Member.
It appeared that Povey was a butcher in Marlow.
Mr. Rudd stated, that he had canvassed the voter for
Messrs. Williams and Hampden, when he declined to
make any promise, adding- that others were making money by
their votes. and he did not see why he should not be paid for his..
The witness called at the house of Povey on a subsequent day,
when he was told by the man's wife that others had been tam
pet ing with her husband, and that he had been promised to be
rewarded if he voted for Sir W. Clayton. Mr. Caldcott, another
witness, stated that he had also been canvassing for Messrs.
Williams and Hampden ; the wife of Povey had asked him for 2dl.
for her husband's vote, which she said they would take in stock.
The w:fe afterwards stated that her husband had been offered '
his 'ID 'e of a portion of 158 sheep, on condition that he should
vote fo Sir Wm. Clayton. The witness further deposed to the
appi re illy improved circumstances of Povey since the election.
'I he investigation into the vote was not- con:luded when the
Committee ro e.
Tne sitting Members still continue in a majority of one.
IM PERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF CO7WMONS, APRIL 6.
The SPEAKER took the Chair shortly before Four
o'Cloek.

CHELTENHAM AND GREAT WESTERN
UNION RAILWAY. •
On the order for bringing up the Report of the
.Cheltenham add Great, Western Union Railway Bill
being read, ' • ,
Mr. LAWSON rote and moved that the Bill be
re-committed, The- Hon. Gentleman, who spoke in a
manner so indistinct as to be at times Completely unin-
telligible, was understood to say that the p_esent Bill
had bees introduced by the Cheltenham and Great
Western Union Railway Company in direct breach of an
agreement entered into by that CoMpany with the Bir-
mingham and Gloucester Railway company. In 1386
these Companies had each obtained an Act of Parliament
—the Birmingham andGloue,esterCompany for the con -
struction of a railway from Birmingham to Glouces-
ter, and the Cheltenham and Great Western Union
Company, for the formation of a line from Chelten-
ham to join the Great Western line near Swindon. The
lines of these two railways ran parallel to each other
frOm Cheltenham to Gloucester; and it was agreed be-
tween the .two Companies that only one line of railway
should be constructed between Cheltenhain and Glou •
cester, such line to bo constructed for the joint use
and at the joint expense of the two companies, the Bir-
mingham and Gloucester Company -being the owners
of the one half of the line lying next Gloucester and.
and Cheltenham, and the Great Western Union Com-
pany being owners of the half nearest to Cheltenham.
The time granted by the Act to the Cheltenham and
Great Western Union Company for the purchase sa,.
lands, was two years, and for the completion of the
railway, seven years. They applied for an extension
of these periods in the year 1838. • This application
was opposed by the 13irmingham and Gloucester
Company for the purpose of procuring the insertion
of clauses securing the completion of the line
from Cheltenham to Gloucester, a matter o."
the utmost importanes, to the Birmingham Com-
pany, 'inasmuch as they had no power to
form that portion of the line under their own Bill.
The Committee on that Bill intimated an opinion
that the clauses required by the Birmingham and
Gloucester Company ought to be inserted, and ac-
ordingly an agreement was entered into be-
nts INCOME TAIL—Meetings of remonstrance tweenc the two Companies, the second clause
of ,which was to the
against the new Corn-law, the tariff. and the income tax of Sir
Robert Peel, have been.held at Canterbury; at Birmingham, following effect :—" If
of the shoe trade; at Shrewsbury, of the leather trade ; the Cheltenham and Great Western Union Rail-
Malin, of the agriculturists of Herts ;at York, 'of a large corn- way Company do not complete their line between
mercial body; against the income tax particularly, at Norwich, . Cheltenham and Gloucester by Midsummer-day, 1840:
Yarmouth, and other places.
I the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway Company

THE' STTN, LONDON, TIIURSD4Y EVENING, APRIL 7, 1842

.nay eister, on the same, and do all such works as may 4 in such cases was to reject the Report on the bring-
be necessary to complete it, or to concur in , corn- 1 ing it up, and to - compel the parties to begin
pleting it for their own benefit so as to insure its open- Ide novo. He thought they ought to take that course
mg at the earliest possible period; but the Cheltenham , now, but under the peculiar circumstances of the case,
and Great Western. Union Railway Company to be . he would yield to the more indulgent course proposed
entitled to re-purchase all their rights under the exist-P1 by the Noble Lord, and adjourn the considaition of it.
ing Acts, by payment of one-half of what may have Sir R. IL INGLIS said he differed frWis Hon.
been- expended by the Birmingham and Gloucester Friend and Colleague, who certainly had an advantage
Railway Company, -in the completion of that portion that he had not, namely, local knowledge, which might
of the line between Cheltenham and Gloucester, possibly alter his view of the case. He desired to speak,
' provided a continuous line of Railway from the not in reference to this peculiar railway, but in reference
Great Western Railway to Gloucester shall have been to the practice of this House. He could not understand
completed within a period to be limited for that for ivhat purpose they delegated their functions of
purpose by the Bill ' now before Parliament.' " inquiry to a Committee, and afterwards, when
The period fixed upon for the completion of the line lit had made its Report by the hands of the
was the 21st of June, 1845, and upon the faith of Chairman, himself a selected Member, that they
that agreement the Birmingham and Gloucester Com: should have to re-discuss the matter. If it
pany withdrew their opposition. In June, 1840, were contended that there had been any great
the Cheltenham and Great Western Union Company irregularity in the proceedings of the Committee, he not having completed the line gave it over, under could understand' why the motion for re-com-
the provisions of this Act, to the Birmingham mittal should be made. It had been said
and Gloucester Company, receiving from that by an Honourable Gentleman that the 'pro-
Company a large sum of money for the works ceedings were singular, because clauses in manu-
they had already constructed on that line, and the. script had been introduced into the Bill. He
line was completed by the Birmingham and Glou- (Sir R. 11. Inglis) would appeal to the youngest
cester Company at a considerable additional expense. Member of the House, if twenty or thirty clauses were
He held in his hand a copy of the agreement not frequently introduced in manuscript into Bills.
entered into between the two Companies, in which His Noble Friend wanted to have the evidence taken
it was distinctly stated that the time for the before the Committee printed. Why, it was printed
completion of the railway should expire on already ; besides, it was never sought to have such
the 21st June, 1845, so that they had three years evidence printed, except for the purpose of im-
yet unexpired, in which they could complete this pugning the decision come to by a Committee.
railway. Now, by the present Bill, which was in His Hon. Friend, in fact, sought to impugn
fact an amendment of an already amended Act, the decision of this Committee. The House was
they sought not only for a still further ex- bound to respect the decision of its Committees, and
tension of the time for the completion of their should not, without sufficient cause, reverse their
line, and consequently for the redemption of that decisions. He should, therefore, support the original
portion of it between Cheltenham and Gloucester proposition, that the Report be now brought up.
from the Birmingham Company, in violation of Mr. LABOUCHERE thought there was a great
their agreement, but they also sought to have the tendency evinced on the part of the House during
power of disposing of their line, or of any portions of the present Session to relax the rules laid down in
it, to any other parties or companies they •might see such cases as the present. It was a matter of the
fit. Now, as it appeared that the line might greatest consequence to adhere to these rules; so much,
be finished in . two years, which was 'within so, .that it was not a mere prima facie case that,
the time limited by their present Act, and ought to make the House de'part' from them. The
at a cost under 200,0001., and as they had not raised case for reversing the decision of a Committee must be
all the money th 4 had the power to raise under very strong indeed that should induce the
their present Act, he was of opinion that the powers House to depart from these rules.—(Hear, hear.)
they now sought were totally unnecessary, and there- He thought that no case was made out, and therefore
fore he thought the Bill ought to be recommitted. he would oppose his motion.
He thought that the time taken up by the Hon. Mem- Lord GRANVILLE SOMERSET thought, as it
bers employed on that Committee had been entirely was said that the local Members had a bias in favour
wasted ;if this Report were received, he should consi- of this measure, the best course was to move the ad
der that they had been most unprofitably employed, journment of the debate until the Minutes of the'
and he for one must say, that if the time of Hon. Committee were laid before the House, so that they
Members on Committee were thus to be wasted he might
.be able to judge whether the accusations were
for one must decline, unless by order of the true or not. Another reason he had for
Speaker, again sitting on one. He trusted that the moving the adjournment was, that at the very
House would support the motion which he had to last moment of. the sitting of the Committee,
make, for if they did not, he should not entertain that some important clauses were brought up.,
high opinion of the justness and fairness of the House in manuscript. It was necessary also that the House
which he at present held. should have an opportunity of considering those
Lord WORSLEY said that, as Chairman of the clauses. Until they had had those documents before Committee on this Bill, he went into the Committee- them, it would be impossible for the House to discern room without knowing anything of the local circum- the real facts and merits of the case
between the ac-
stances of the Bill, but from hearing counsel on both eusations and recriminations of the opposing parties.
sides of the question, he must say that he came to the Sir R. PEEL fully concurred in the principle laid
conclusion which would have led him, had he been in down by the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite, as a,
a position to vote, to have voted in direct opposition departure from fixed
rules, must tend to shake the
to the Honourable Member. When the Bill was authority of the House. But not as yet knowing so
before the House, it was considered desirable much on the subject as he desired to know, he would
that a certain . portion of the line should be abstain from voting at present.
finished at the same time that the Birmingham and Mr. LAWSON also agreed with the general prin-
Gloucester Railway had finished their line, so that ciples laid down by the Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr.
the communication between Birmingham and Bristol Labouchere), still he (Mr. Lawson) felt obliged to
might be complete ; and he believed it was agreed that divide the House on his motion.
if the Cheltenham and Great Western Union Company Lord WORSLEY explained.—(Divide, divide.) '
did not complete that portion by the specified Strangers were then ordered to withdraw,' when
time, the Birmingham and Gloucester Corn- there appeared—
pany were to be at liberty to - purchase For the motion
their portion of the other line and finish it. It For the amendment
..
. 74 110
..... . ..... . appeared to him, under all these circumstances, Majority for the motion
—36
that it was not preposterous to ask fel- an extension of Mr. LAWSON then withdrew his amendment,
time. He might state, that on the Committee, there and the Report was brought up and received.
was a large-majority in favour of the Bill, and he also FLOATING BREAKWATER:
agreed with them in their opinion.. He trusted,' Mr. GALLY KNIGHT presented a petition from
therefore, that the House would not consent to the the widow of the late General Sir Samuel Bentham,
motion of the Hon. Member. praying that his claims to the invention of the floating
Mr. CRAVEN BERKELEY said that he was a breakwater might be investigated.
Member of the Committee, and as such, he thought The petition was ordered to be referred to the Corn-
it right to support the motion of the Hon. Member mittee on Taylor's Patent.
opposite. His reason for doing so was that when MA-RYLEBONE BILL.
they got through the Bill, the Parliamentary agents Mr. T. DUNCOMBE presented a petition from
brought in a great number of clauses which were read the churchwardens and vestrymen of a parish in
at the table, so that it was impossible for Members to Westminster, against the Marylebone Bill: • ascertain what they contained; that he considered SIEBERT'S NATURALIZATION BILL.
was not a proper way to conduct ' private On the motion of Mr. M. PHILIPS, this Bill was
Bills, and it was very unsatisfactory both to the Mem- read a second time.
hers who composed the Committee and to the public. NATIONAL EDUCATION (IRELAND).
When he knew the composition, of the Committee Lord BERNARD presented a petition against the
who sat on the Bill, he knew that the interests of his system of National Education in Ireland.
Hon. Friends were so preponderating that the Bill, COLLEGE .OF MAYNOTH.
no matter what was the evidence brought forward, Mr. COLVILLE presented a petition from Derby
would pass. One of the clauses to which he objected against the grant to*Ma.ynooth College.
was that important one relating to money at six per - - ' CORN-LAWS.
cent. That was an imposition on the public, and one ' Lord WORSLEY presented a petition from a
that ought not to be sanctioned by the House. farmer in Lincolnshire, against the Corn Importation
The Bill was a contest between two Com- Bill.
panies, and two engineers were examined--Mr. Mr. DIVETT presented a petition to the same
Brunel on the part of one Company, and effect.
•
Mr. Wishaw on the part of the other, and when one Sir G. GREY presented a petition against any
gentleman stated that white was black, the other alteration in the duty on foreign manufactured gloves.
said that black was white.—(Laughter.) He should, THE TRUCK SYSTEM.
therefore, support the motion of the Hon. Member Mr. FERRAND presented a petition from a place
for Knaresborough. in Glamorganshire, signed by 176 inhabitants, com-
Mr. SCOTT said that it appeared to him that plainink of the open violation of the law practised by
the Committee were not in a position to be some manufacturers. The petitioners stated that they
able to raise the funds necessary for coin- had greatly suffered from the iniquitous practice of
pleting the line. It was complete in part, and remunerating industry by the Truck system. They
they were not able to obtain the money necessary added, that within an area of twenty square miles
for finishing the remainder. The line was of great they knew of nine shops connected with manufac-
importance, as it was to convey goods be- tortes ; and they prayed the House immediately to
tween Birmingham and Bristol. It appeared pass a Bill, compelling employers to exercise plain,
to him most important to the public that the justice towards the employed in the matter of wages.
line of 'traffic should not be interfered • with. and enforcing the weekly payment of labour in money.
The Company, of the 250,0001. which they sought to and the abolition of the tally-shop system.
raise, were not able to raise more than 20,000/., and • THE RAJA OF SATTARA.
the shares had fallen to 21. 10s. They had, however, Dr. BOWRING presented a petition agreed to at
s. And public meeting in Dublin, praying that the House
declared a dividend of 1/. to the Shareholder
what object could they have in •so acting, except to would interfere to compel the East India Company
raise the shares in the market when the Compa were to furnish to the Raja of Sattara the documents which
actually insolvent and not able to carry on their works.' he might deem necessary to enable him to establish
It was his belief that the Company were not able to his innocence ; also six petitions from various parts
complete the works. They had already had ample of the kingdom, praying for a total abolition of the
time to bring it to a conclusion if they had been en- Corn-laws.
abled properly to conduct the undertaking. The Sir 11. DOUGLAS presented a petition from the
powers of the Company would terminate in 1845 ; and master and journeymen cordwaincrs of Lirpool
they now asked that those powers should be extended egainst the proposed alteration in the duty one boot::
to the year 1848. But the undertaking had first and shoes.
fr
been contemplated in 1836, so that it appeared that a Sir R. PEEL .presented a etition, numerousl3
period of twelve years was not sufficient to enable signed by inhabitants of the County of Roscommon,
them to finish the work. He was sure that the House n Ireland, stating that in that county, which was one
would now come t , the conclusion that they were not of- the greatest grazing counties in Ireland, no advan -
deserving of the powers which they asked for ; and tage was derived from the present prohibitory duties
for these reasons I.e should most willingly support on the importation of foreign cattle, and praying that
the amendment. . other duties might- be substituted.
Mr. MASTERS, who spoke in a very indistinct . ' THE INCOME TAX.
tone, was understood to say, that he thought it would Lord JOHN RUSSELL said he held a petition
not now be advisable to thwart the progress of the in his hand, with respect to which he wished to ask
undertaking, and he should, therefore, oppose the the opinion of the Speaker as to whether it could be
motion for a re-committal of the Bill. . presented according to the rules of the House..
Mr. P. SCROPE said, as far as his
()Pinion entitled It was a petition from certain farmers in the county
him to judge, he believed that motions for re-commit- of Roxburgh with respect to the income tax.
tal were never made, unless there were some infor- the petitioners, after stating the amount of rental to
' mality, which required that the Bill should -be re-com- which they were subject, prayed that instead
mitted and re-argued. He thought that if the House of being taxed according to the system proposed by
agreed to the motion, they would be casting an un- the Right Hon. Baronet, namely, taking one-half .ol
merited stigma on the Committee which had already the profits, they might be taxed according to a seals
investigated the matter. ' varying with their income. The petition seemed to
Lord GRANVILLE SOMERSET said he would be directed rather against some of the details than
pronounce no opinion whatever with respect to the against the tax altogether.
Committee which had already investigated the merits The SPEAKER said that, according to the strict
of the Bill. His object in rising was to propose that rules of the House with respect to petitions, the pe-
the evidence brought before the Committee should be tition in question could not be received. .
laid on the table of the House before they were Sir R. PEEL said if the petition were that the tax
called upon to pronounce their decision. 'He should' be fixed according to their actual incomes,
thought neither party could fairly object to instead .of according to an arbitrary assumption of
that proposal. He would take this opportunity value, it might be received ; but as it stood he thought
•f deprecating the praCtice of Making extensive mane- it was against the rules of the House, and could not
script alterations 'which was now so. prevalent. Ile be received.
thought it was very- desirable that that practice should Lord J. RUSSELL—The objection of the peti -
be discontinued. in addition to the proposal for tioners was that the criterion of half the rent would
Having the minutes of the Committee laid on the not be a just or safe one, but they had no objection to
table of the House, he ' should also propose Pay a fair proportion. He at present could not say
that the Bill so committed be re-committed, in order whether their statements were correct or not ; but
that Members might have an opportunity of looking if the petition were informal, he would withdraw it.
at those clauses. If it should appear that those clauses The SPEAKER, being asked for his opinion, said
were of an important character, he trusted that a .he thought the petition was not admissible.
strong case would be made out for the Bill ; on the ' SCOTCH FARMERS.
contrary, if it should appear that they were not of the Sir R. PEEL took this opportunity of adding, that
slightest importance, then he should be prepared to ex- he was desirous of considering the peculiarities of the
press his opinion with regard to the measure. - He condition of the Scotch farmers, and to place them sub-
rhought it his duty, under allthe circumstances, to op- stantially in the same position as the English farmers.
pose the committal of the Bill, and should, therefore, The petition was withdrawn.
move that the committal be adjourned till this day •• WORKING MEN AND MANUFACTURERS.
week. .
Mr. FERRAND gave notice that on Tuesday, the
Lord WORSLEY hoped the Noble Lord would 19th of April, he would move a resolution of the
not press ,his motion, as the adjournment would House for the full and adequate protection of work•
put the parties to very great expense. He - ing men corning to give evidence before Committees
hoped the House would do him the credit 'of of the House appointed to inquire into the 1
'relieving that he had done ' his utmost to treatment, by manufacturers, of people employed
rive the Bill a fair and candid examination, and the by them, and also for the condign punish-
ment of all who should intimidate or persecte such
Committee having come to a conclusion on the Bill,
. witnesses ; and also that he should move forge Select
he did not think it necessary that the House should
manufacturers in the
put off the committal. Committee to inquire into the frauds, aggressions, and
Mr. SCHOLEFIELD said he thought the reasons ill-treatment perpetrated by
given by the Noble Lord fe: deferring the consideration United Kingdom, on the men in their employment,
of this Bill, were good reasons. In the Committee 'extending also to the treatment of working men
it had been proved that one party had brought up in mines and colleries, and on railways.
clauses containing most important matter, which had NEW WRIT.
writ wasdirected •
been introduced, the other party not being aware of A new to issue for the borough
them. He should, therefore, vote for the ad' . t '
journmen of Montrose, in the room of Mr. P. Chalmers (Libe-
moved by the Noble Lord. rap, who has accepted the
Chiltern Hundreds.
Mr. T. B. ESTCOURT said no practice was so TILE INCOME TAX.
much to be deprecated, so far as the public interest Sir ,C. NAPIER gave notice of his intention to
was concerned, as the practice of bringing , up move, in Committee on the income tax that
clauses in a Bill in the manner alluded to. The all officers in the Army and Navy under the
Noble Lord had stated that in this case the clauses rank of General and Admiral, whose income is derived
were not of very great importance. - solely-from their
, pay, and who do not receive pensions •
Lord WORSLEY was understood to that the
say. either for wounds or good service, should be exempted
clauses referred to another Company. from the operation
of the income tax.
Mr. ESTCOURT said the practice of the House i . BOARD OF HEALTH.
' Mr.F. FRENCH gave notice of the following motion; i

" Returns of the number of Boards of Health, e-
-4
blished since 1818,
with
to the
George ILL, c. 47, with names of localities "ty
such were formed, and name of req oruisitionist ti/
Lord. Lieutenant ;—order of Lord-Lieutenant,
thorising formation of Board ;—names and tlor
tiber of Commissioners, acting. pursuant Wytile
order, together with dates of said requisition, an",,,
order of appointment in each locality respectlvelV
of all monies advanced from Consolidated Ft';‘,)lo
such Board of Health, specifying the period fit
such-sums were severally applied for and advancott.
of all monies repaid to Consolidated Fund
deration of such advances, specifying the
such repayments severally, and the brify.
if any, remaining unpaid ;—of all weell.j,
ports from the Commissioners forming
Boards during the continuance of power -0..0t,
quired by the said Act) to the Lord-Liellte:oll'
with the names of Commissioners signing suchull.
Reports ;—of any Report or other evidence, pof
to which the Lord-Lieutenant caused the polo
any such Boards to cease, specifying the date a Vito of
each Board consequently ceased to act, and the do ,
the order to that effect from the Lord-Lieutenant.
WE ST INDIAN BARRACKS.
r_fiber
Major VIVIAN said the Noble Lord, the 314'4
for Sunderland, having cast some reflections- on ef,
disgraceful state of the barracks in the West .-".',did
though no blame was attached to a Noble RAatt-eo
his, yet that no slur might ,be 'aulP)36.of oo
be cast on him, he begged to move for a return v
Order of January 1836, addressed to the respect
olee
officers on that station, relating to the superintelo
of the barracks. tine
Captain BOLDERO said it would take a long
to prepare the returns for England and Ireland' t
Major VIVIAN was understood to say the
would confine his . motion for returns relative °
West Indies.

CANTON RANSOM. if. in the
Lord JOHN RUSSELL wished to know --orter
accounts of the revenue made up for the 'l. re'
ending the sth inst., any sum was included 11
spect of the money received by us from the C“
in
for the evacuation of Canton ?*
o.lo°
Sir R. PEEL said that there was a sum
in the accounts under the head alluded to. Ile elj~c
not state the exact figures, but from generaLre—btell
:ion, he thought that the sum was 340,000' vr
would of course increase the revenue to that an' ou.
COPYRIGHT BILL.
On the Order of the Day for the further consider
tion of the Report on this Bill being read, 1 the
Lord MAHON said he wished to recoil:100
attention of the House to the understanding
an a former occasion. It was understood
Full and free discussion on this Bill
',Ake place when it should be re-committed' re.
-sow, therefore, beggedsto move that the Bat Du
committed.
The motion was then carried, and thelleu' 0 re,3
solved itself into a Committee, Mr. GurEsslno
Chair.
The Preamble was postponed, and on the I" io
that clause 1 stand part of the Bill,
Lord MAHON rose and said, that in PrNor
vlit mg a measure on the subject of copy—Av,ut te'
the consigeration of the House, he could not ° and
~ret the absence of that accomplished schohirrettft
tdvocate, Mr. Serjeant Talfourd, and he wassilaiiagf
there was no Hon. Member, whatever his party l'.'ofed
Jut must regret that the House no longer en) ;00
the benefit of his talents and acquirenaentsineptif
though he had a great majority of political oprf tbril
liad not one personal enemy. In the absence
,0.1
'gentleman, however, he (Lord Mahon) had,ul,1
ti)*
taken at his request to bring this measure before
douse. He intended, in the first place, to dire
attention of the House to the progress of leg's
on thts subject up to the present ttme,
.o detail the changes which he propos7;et7
.nake in the existing laws on this se,lll,e'plee
Ile practice and precepts of former times, a re,o
to which was sometimes so useful in nuthi co?'
loubtful legislation, did not apply in the presen
Cor two centuries after the discovery of Ilt 0-0
.
readers were so few -and far between, that!colil,
Almost impossible that any question of eopyrigt
bt.ol
arise. The small sum for which the coprgoi°
Paradise Lost" was sold proved rather the pa"c'te
'e number of readers than the want of "st clsl
the.. purchasers of books. The readers of tlia.er,of
night be diVided into two classes, the gay court' Or
iharles 11. who only purchased works of a light tile/
volous tendency, and the readers of worlth of the° 05,
3ontro*ersy. This want of a public institution sfy
'iowever, in a great measure supplied .by t
-em of patronage. Wycherly and Congrev4
field sinecures; and Pope, although prevented if
:he laws against Catholics from holdl fro"
office under the Crown, yet received a,.pensi°oiie.l:'
secretary Craggs out or the secret service
Li
£his system of patronage ended under ril.e thed
ninistration of Sir R. Walpole, who said toattot
that the reading of books was an idle pastime, fln,ej uP
AO papers were worthy of respect, except those litolcs
ffi
with red tape, and contained in an official poOkltfre,
sir be Rort Walpole withheld all:CoUntenan' 'Pt
he interests of authors, and the consequence NVl6jilir
19
t great many of them took apart against
.his. 1••0 ••
tration. When that adMinistration was oviith.rl the
reading public cointnenced,' and then it Act is; COt'
question of copyright. was brought under titlier.g"
leration of the . public. In the reign of jejer'
he Third the case of Donaldsonz.
lx for!,
Lnd other trials relating to copyright,. call j-totie'
he tribunals, when it. was decided by Chief
Mansfield and Mr. Justice Williams,' that ae.c°e3 *
to the common law of England, authors c"1o4,111::
perpetual copyright. That was the state of tilutioel
the common law of England, hut, in the reign °f 041:J
x i
.
Anne, in the year 1709, the perpetual eccop)as inadvertently broken throngh. *..„
,nadvertantly, because the framers of tor
lad no such intention ; on the contrary, the intersit 17,
vas to encourage learning,' .and to afford ,Totl'lC:.
.;reatest protection, but by the inadvertent iZorteey
:ion of three words the right was limited to 1.01, re;
veers. In 1735 an injunction had b'en obt8,1001;le
.training the publication of the " ole DLO' jog the
Lnd in 1739 an injunction was gran7ed, restrain oft4,',
mblieatioa of " Paradise Lost.." The operall°9so.!`to
.ct of 1709 was not altered till 1774, when the bv
same before the. House of Lords, who deekleil,a
I, that the operation of the Act of 1709 34'te so"he
;opyright to 14 years after the author's dead''
he same extent of time if the author were dead' %tele
year 1814 the present Act was passed, which
..he copyright to 28 years. That was the law , re
;ought to alter, as he did not think the term Vt the'p
sient. He should observe, in the first place, t'a
,101 ,90
appeared to be an impression in some
that authors had .no claims to an c..03011`0
!opyright the Hon. Member for Derby, for 10,ork
had argued that an author was entitled' to tits oft lit,
ung only as it existed in his brain; and that.ht to i,
' mblication he had no longer any exclusive lot 1,1
Yow lie (Lord Mahon) entirely differed from etiP,„
• don, and it appeared to him that an author s“sr
.o the fruits of his labour as much as any (Ithile,rs
some 'men laboured with their hands, find °t
heir minds, but in both cases the labour was eq, pi11).,%4
lw
;crying of reward—he was equally benefiting 1`,,,. I, it
Lid equally entitled to the protection of the '3_410
us part, he was at a loss to know upon what Ft`;, fte„r
sould be said that a man who had reclaimed
waste was afterwards to' be its possessor, wloy,cll7or
eau was refused a right in those works cjaiin hot
le was the author. lie did not, indeed,
r, l'eir
writers a perpetual copyright any luettell .er
le would claim for other parties a perk
_o ch 0.
-ail for an estate ; but he did say that in on
lie right of property was equally just, eq.d Ilihe c 1
loubted, and should be held equally seer' crieb,
.vere some, however, who, like his Right 11"1.1 the.
-he Member tbr Edinburgh, while they admito:d
;tract right, thought that it should be restr;;Vl, joy
:ertain limits for the public good. He felt it 11,' „ear.
hat occasion to allude to the speech made 13,s,tiejo 54,41
us Right Hon. Friend, who had urged hi,' , oclo‘o,
;o much eloquence an 4 ability, and who 'that re.
lich an effect upon the -House. He believ
!nain objection upon which his Right Hon. -5 a coPio
tied, while he admitted the just
necessity °I privorA
Fight, was the possible risk of the suppression oir'or
,tlh,nautldebaseecsiispu
ay the authors' heirs. His right Hon. Fri•enti ,cs
smighted
if which the public were greatly interested ; 3
occur f‘
tOocCsullprpirnes: ilevhortkh,e
in hors of
riven two instances in which that had actuallyweii.
)ne of those instances was that of 13°5 es
to
,vas said that Sir Alexander Boswell_feroc,o
Teinely annoyed to see or hear any riled that teat
his father's acquaintance with Barwell, a
.1
feeling induced him to desire the suppreselO;_jog
.vork. He quite admitted that there were sorn
the writings of Boswell which might create
o_titi(oti4
,0:
the cool hem!
sire in the mind of his son ; but, when ti. 1.0, bee.
copies had already been published, how weir/tier': o,,siir
,ible to effect that object ? To guard, howenvua
the possibility of suppression where conttio
the
roil
desirable, he had inserted a clause, g g
ivin-The oPiiii°lllo
Council a control over the publication.
ua,, et o
Dr. Johnson was in favour, if not of a perpetio idyoue oli
bi,
very extended copyright ;he certainly s_
diminished the amount of the time asked for
Ile
(-Qa
Mr, Sergeant Talfourd asked for sixty years..
tbst
extending it to a century. The present cronis_iadtel3le,ei.
• than I
no case the whole term shook' be less ~d
M.) limited the claim to twenty-five years ;
niust'ivork''
say that their former proposal. was u
literary v or
of the decision required on ; t„
eight years. However, he (Lord Mahon) °,1,1,04
In speaking
dto scientific works, and in the A L"Lbt
regard
research there InT
Society with regard to works of
he said that in the Council of the Royal S.one!,e,..o.yarobi;
something like such a tribunal, but still w}
that
)ere tha
• ht
tribunal for every class of works. It might _
haPPe" ride
all the literary wen of a period might be all o 'lns to
in politics. In Scotland, for example, heTaw'
bs
poetry ot any nieri__‘._o(i it
thatsay hj
tahlel tshiedepoolifti.
political
Jacobites. How 7, of Isar1
possible in similar cases to secure a reputatst.o
ness, and freedom from bias, towards their
o,:itiltic
'friends ? For the sake of procuring a reputatioce
they would sometimes become unjust, and g.1_,,,r1;13ce
tion to works that did not deserve it, in Prurp to Or
works that did. It was alleged as an obieeti_b°, bolo
law of copyright that it had a tendency to Ina'