The Sun.
London, England, 1827-07-12 00:00:00

TREATY FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF

GREECE.

ce In the name of the most Holy and Undivided
Trinity,

" His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, his Majesty the King
of France and Navarre, and his Majesty the Emperor
of all the Russias, penetrated with the necessity of
putting an end to the sanguinary contest which, by
delivering up the Greek provinces and the Isles of
the Archipelago to all the disorders of anarchy, pro-
duces daily fresh impediments to the commerce of
the European States, and gives occasion to piracies,
which not only expose the subjects of the High Con-
tracting Parties to considerable losses, but besides
render necessary burdensome measures of protection
and repression ; his Majesty the King of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his Ma-
jesty the King of France and Navarre, having be-
sides received, on the part of the Greeks, a pressing,
request to interpose their mediation with the Otto-
man Porte,,and being, as well as his Majesty the
Emperor of all the Russias, animated by the desire
of stopping the effusion of blood, and of arresting the
evils of all kinds which might arise from the conti-
nuance of such a state of things, have resolved to
-unite their efforts, and to regulate the operation
thereof by a formal treaty, with the view of re-
establishing peace between the contending parties
by means of an arrangement which is called for as
much by humanity as by the interest of the repose
of Europe.

" Wherefore they have nominated their Plenipo-
tentiaries to discuss, agree upon, and sign the said

Treaty, viz.

" His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Right Hon. Wil-
liam Viscount Dudley, Peer of the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, Councillor of his
Britannic Majesty in his Privy Council, and his
Principal Secretary of State for the Department of
Foreign Affairs;

" His Majesty the King of France and Navarre,
the Prince Jules Count de Poligtiac, Peer of
France, Knight of the Orders of his Most Chris-
tian Majesty, Major-General of his Armies, Grand
Cross of the Order of St. Maurice of Sardinia,
&c. &c., and his Ambassador to his Britannic Ma-
jesty;

" And his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russia:,
Christopher Prince de Lieven, General of Infantry
of the Armies of his Imperial Majesty, his Aide-de-
camp General, Knight of the Orders of Russia, of
those of the Black Eagle and of the Red Eagle of
Prussia, of that of the Guelphs of Hanover, Com-
mander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword,
and of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, his
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to
his Britannic Majesty;

" Who, after having communicated their full
powers, and found the same in good and due form,
agreed upon the following articles
" Art. I. The contracting Powers will offer to
the Ottoman Porte their mediation, with the view
of bringing about a reconciliation between it and
the Greeks.
" This offer of mediation shall be made to this
Power immediately after the ratification of the
Treaty, by means of a collective declaration, signed
by the Plenipotentiaries of the Allied Courts at
Constantinople • and there shall be made, at the
same time, to the two contending parties, a demand
of an immediate armistice between them, as a preli-
minary condition indispensable to the opening of
any negotiation.

" Art. 11. The arrangement to be proposed to
the Ottoman Porte shall rest on the following
bases :—The Greeks shall hold of the Sultan, as of
*superior lord*; and, in consequence of this supe-
ziority, they shall pay to the Ottoman Empire an
annNal tribute (relief), the amount of which shall
be fixed, once for all, by a common agreement.—
They shall be governed by the authorities whom
they snail them ewes choose ana nominate, •...
the nomination of whom the Porte shall have a de-
terminaw voice.

To bring about a complete separation between the
individuals of the two nations, and to prevent the
collisions which are the inevitable consequence of so
long a struggle, the Greeks shall enter upon pos-
sessicn of the Turkish property situated either on
zbe continent or in the isles of Greece, on the con-
dition of indemnifying the former proprietors, either
by the payment of an annual sum, to be added to
the tribute which is to be paid to the Porte, or by
vome other transaction of the same nature.

Art. JII. The details of this arrangement, as
well as the limits of the territory on the continent,
and the designation of the islands of the Archipelago
to which it shall be applicable, shall be settled in a
subsequent negociation between the High Powets
and the two contending parties.
" Art. IV. The Contracting Powers engage to
follow up the salutary work of the pacification of
Greece on the bases laid down in the preceding
articles, and to furnish without the least delay their
representatives at Constantinople with all the in-
structions which are necessary for the execution of
the treaty now signed.

" Art. V. The Contracting Powers will not seek
in ttiese arrangements any augmentation of territory,
.:Ilusive influence, any commercial advantage
any ex
for their objects, which the subjects of any other
nation may not equally obtain.
" Art. vl. The arrangements of reconciliation and
peace, which shall be definitively agreed upon be-
tween the contendog,,parties, shall be guaranteed by
such of the signing k .owers as shall judge it useful
or possible to contract the obligation : the mode
of the effects of this guaractee shall become the
object of subsequent stipulations between the High
Powers.

" Art. VII. The present treaty shall be ratified,
and the ratifications shall be exchanged in two months,
or sooner if possible.
" In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentia-
ries have signed, and sealed it with their arm,.
" Done at London, July 6, 1827. _ _ _

" DUDLEY,
" POLIGNAC,

" LIEVEN."

ADDITIONAL AND SECRET ARTICLE.

" In case that the Ottoman Porte does not accept,
within the space of one month, the mediation which
shall be proposed, the High Contracting Parties
agree upon the following measures :
" 1. It shall be declared, by their representatives
at Constantinople to the Porte, that the inconve-
niences and eN ils pointed out in the public treaty as
inseparable from the state of things subsisting in the
East for the last six years, and the termination of
which, through the means at the disposal of the
Sublime Porte, appears still remote, impose upon
the High Contracting Parties the necessity of taking
immediate measures for an approximation with the
Greeks.

" It-is to be understood that this approximation
shall be brought about by establishing commercial
relations with the Greeks, by sending to them for
that purpose, and receiving from them, Consular
Agents, so long as there shall exist among them
authorities capable of maintaining_ such relations.
" 2. If within the said term of one month, the Porte
do not accept the armistice proposed in the first article
of the public treaty, or i f the Greeks refuse to execute
it, the High Contracting Powers shall declare to
that one of the two contending parties which shall
wish to continue hostilities, or to both if such be-
come necessary, that the said High Contracting
Powers intend to exert .all the means which circum-
stances may suggest to their prudence to obtain the
immediate effect of the armistice, the execution of
which ri.ey desire, by preventing, in as far as may
be in their power, all collision between the contend-
ing parties, and, in fact, immediately after the afore-
said declaration, the High Contracting Powers will
conjointly employ all their means in the accom-
plishment of the object .thereof, without, however,

4, Suzerain is the term used: it belongs to the feudal
" and signified Lord Paramount.

taking any part in the hostilities between the two
contending parties.
" In consequence, the High Contracting Powers
will, immediately after the signature of the present
additional and secret article, transmit eventual in-
structions conformable to the provisions above set
forth, to the Admirals commanding their squadrons
in the seas of the Levant.

" 3. Finally, if, contrary to all expectation, these
measures do not yet suffice to induce the adoption
by the Ottoman Porte of the propositions made by
the High Contracting Parties, or if, on the other
hand, the Greeks renounce the conditions stipulated
in their favour in the treaty of this day, the High
Contracting Powers will, nevertheless, continue to
prosecute the work of pacification on the bases
agreed upon between them ; and, in consequence,
they authorize from this time forward their repre-
sentatives in London to discuss and determine the
ulterior measures to which it may become necessary
to resort.

" The present additional and secret article shall
have the same force and value as if it had been in-
serted, word for word, in the treaty of this day. It
shall be ratified, and the ratifications thereof shall
he exchanged, at the same time as those of the said
treaty.

"In faith whereof the respective Plenipoten-
tiaries have signed it, and have thereto affixed the
seals of their arms.

" Done at London, this 6tla of July, in the year of
Grace 1S 7. " DUDLEY.
" POLIGNAC.
" LIEVEN."

THE GREEKS.

APPEAL rOR SUPPORT TO LORD COCHRANE AND

GENERAL CHURCH, IN FAVOUR OF THE GREEKS.
LONDON, JULT f 1.

The unfortunate affair of Athens is known to the
world, and to give farther details on that subject
would now be useless. I have received long reports
from Lord Cochrane, General Church, Colonel
Heideick, and M. Gosse. The principal facts are
true, but parts have been exaggerated. The follow-
ing statement is correct :
" Killed on the field of battle, 700; prisoners, 240, in-
cluding 18 Philhellcnians of different countries. Kiutacki,
supposing that Lord Cochrane and General Church were
among the Europeans, had the prisoners brought before
him, and, after carefully examining them, made the 18
Europeans be poniarded before his eyes, and ordered the 222
Greeks to be afterwards massacred. The clemency of
Kiutacki, on the taking of Athens, was forced upon him
by the presence of the English and French ships of war.
His clemency is the artifice of the tiger."
The expedition for the relief of Athens has ex-
hausted a great part of the funds remitted by Euro-
pean beneficence, and has once more disorganized
the Greeks. In consequence of the want of re-
sources, part of the troops dispersed, but Kiutacki
could not pursue them. His army is suffering from
famine. The communications by which he might
obtain provisions are cut off, and the reduction of
Athens will not re-open them.
Ibrahim has resumed his excursions ; but he also
suffers from want, and provisions cannot reach him
while the Greek vessels continue to cruise on the
coast. Lord Cochrane has got ready 15 brigs, 6
galliots, and 5 fire-ships ; but he is in want of money
to pay the seamen. He writes to me as follows,
under date the 28th of May, from on board his frigate,
in sight of Navarin :
" I am here watching the Turkish fleet in the port of
Navarin. It consists of 14 frigates, from 30 to 40 cor-
vettes, and several small vessels. With a single frigate I
cannot destroy them, and our Greek sailors are not yet
sufficiently distiplined to attempt any decisive blow. I
have ordered a small flotilla to be fitted out; but I have
not the means of paying it; what it: to be done ? I have
not changed my opinion as to the means of destroying the
Turkish fleet, and it I receive the steam-vessels which I
have so long looked fur, I shall yet keep my promise with
you. If lam supplied with funds to pay the flotilla which
I am about to have, I shall attempt every thing possible to
be done with such slender means."

" The affair t.f Athena has been disastrous for Greece;
hut there is no reason to despair if we have resources for
,)crying the troops. The dispersed soldiers will hasten to
return as soon as they are furnished with the means of
subsistence. The army of Kiutacki is in a destitute state,
and cannot pursue the Greeks in their mountains. If we
had funds, the mischief would still be repaired.'

Under the date of the 25th of'May, M. Gosse

writes:—

" The efforts made to save Athens before the arrival of
Kiutacki's reinforcements, and the disbursements for the
equipment of the fleet, have exhausted all our resources.
Lord Cochrane displays talent, activity, genius, and a won-
derful perseverance—what resources this extraordinary
man possesses ! Had the steam-boats been with him,
there would not now be a Turkish fleet in existence. The
hope of Greece is in her navy. If memis be placed at Lord
Cochrane's disposal, Greece may yet be saved. I send you
the names of 18 Philhellenians whom Kiutacki ordered to
be decapitated."

M. Heideck writes from Poros, May 20 :
" The misfortunes of Athens are great. Things how-
ever are not desperate, if General Church and Lord Coch-
rane be supplied with new resources. The Turks are in
want of provisions, and if the ♦essels stationed off Negro-
pont continue to cruise successfully, Kiutacki will be de-
stroyed by famine. I send you by one of our officers the
details of our expences. You will see that the supplies
have been carefully distributed, but we want means to
go on."

In a letter dated May 15, Mr. Blaquiere writes:—

" Several friends of General Church promised that they
would assist us as soon as they should be informed of his
being appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Army. This
is the time for them to fulfil their promise."
Afflicting as are these details, they prove that
Greece still exists, and may yet be saved, if means
be afforded to the commanders who have devoted
themselves to her defence. Those commanders are
two Englishmen. Their courage, their perseverance,
and the manner in which they have devoted them-
selves to the cause, entitle them to the aid of their
friends and countrymen. Fresh supplies of every
kind, in provisions, ammunition, and money, have
been forwarded to the commissions in aid of the un-
fortunate Greeks. The funds of the several Euro-
pean Committess have served to procure these last
supplies, but they are completely exhausted, and it
is now indispensably necessary that the two gallant
English Commanders who are exposing their lives in
this great cause should be promptly supported, and fur-
nished by the generosity of their countrymen with a
part of the means necessary for the execution of their
plans. Never was there a moment when the support
of Greece was more important. Her destiny occu-
pies the attention of the European Powers. Fleets
are about to be put in motion to prevent her entire
destruction; but in order that this protection should
be useful, it i; necessary that the existence of
Greece should be preserved. and that the Turks
should be prevented from availing themselves of the
terror caused by the disasters of Athens to finish
the work of blood which they have commenced.
The Greek cause has been rendered unpopular in
England by many circumstances, to which I do not
choose to advert, but which are well known in Lon-
don. This, however, is the moment when what
has passed should be forgotten, and when succour
should, without delay, be afforded to a nation borne
down by every kind of misfortune Greece still
possesses three principal fortresses, viz. Napoli di
Romania, Napoli di Malvoisia, and Corinth. All
the islands are still in the power of the Greeks—
Hydra, Spezzia, Poros, Salamini, Egina, &c., and
the fortress of Grationza, in Candia, This, then,
I repeat, is the moment to succour the unfortunate
Greek nation.

Several friends of Lord Cochrane and General
Church have offered to contribute to a general sub-
scription in favour of the Greeks, on condition that
the funds shall be exclusively applied to the support
of the land and sea forces under the direction of
those commanders. I feel assured that Englishmen
will not fail to support their countrymen in such a
cause.

I therefore invite the friends of the two illustrious
Commanders to open two subscriptions--one
destined to support the operations under Lord
Cochran; the other those under General Church.
But, as to be useful the amount of the subscriptions

must be considerable, and as it would be unjust that
some sealous individuals should uselessly sacrifice
their funds, I purpose that the subscriptions shall
not be binding until each list amount to at least
1,500/. or 2,0001. I subscribe for each list 1504
J. G. EYNARD.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.

(From the Gazette de France, dated Tieeeday, July 10.)
ROME, JUNE 27.—1 n the Secret Consistory, held

the day before yesterday, his Holiness proposed
Bishops for several vacant sees ; among others,
Joachim Gonsalvo de Andreade, for the Bishopric
of St. Paul (in the West Indies); and Marc An-
tonio de Souza, for the Bishopric of St. Louis de
Maragn an... _ .

Hii Holiness afterwards created and proclaimed
Cardinals Monsignore Neselli, Apostolic Nuncio to
the Swiss Confederation, and M. d'lssouard, Se-
nior of the Sacred Rota.
His Holiness also announced, that he intended to
have service performed in the Pontifical Chapel, for
the soul of his Majesty John VI., Emperor of
Brazil and King of Portugal.

" PARIS, JULY 9.—A letter from Corneto, in
Italy, says that three tombs have been discovered
there, adorned with Etruscan paintings and inscrip-
tions in good preservation. It is hoped that this
discovery will greatly contribute to increase our in-
sight into the Etruscan antiquities.
" The Moniteur contains an extremely long ar-
ticle (copied into the Gazette de France), which is a
kind of expose or review of the state of things in
France since the latter end of 1821. The military
conspiracies—the intrigues of the revolutionary
party—its triumph at Madrid—its confident expec-
tation of a similar triumph in France—the Congress
of Vienna—the Spanish expedition under the Duke
d'Angouleme—the dissolution of the Chambers—
the flourishing state of public credit—the plan for
redeeming the interest of the national debt, by the
conversion of the five per cent. into three per cent.
stock—the failure of that measure, and the audacious
language of the journals, which rendered the censor-
ship necessary—the accession of Charles X., and his
abolition of the censorship, after it had continued
only six weeks. Steril magnanimity !' says the
Moniteur, almost as soon as it was emancipated,
the press returned to the fatal direction which bad
rendered the censorship necessary only a few weeks
before.'

" On viewing with an impartial eye this period
of 34 months, we think it will be well filled up. A
great wound healed—viz., the military conspiracies ;
a great amelioration perfected ; the improvement of
the public funds ; a great influence reconquered;
the pacification of Spain ; a great guarantee added
to the public security; the septennial duration of
the Chambers. Our readers already see the infer-
ence to be drawn from this expose, but it is best to
leave it to be drawn of itself."
(From the Journal des Debats.)
(PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE.)

MADRID, JUNE 28.—The Council of Ministers
sat yesterday for about four hours, to discuss the re-
ports of the Councils of Castile and the Indies, re-
specting our differences with the Pope. A. few
hours after the breaking up of the Council, dispatches
were sent to General Fumes, and the report is, that
they contain instructions which will make the en-
trance of Mr. Tiberi into Spain more and more dif-
ficult, but as to what has been said in addition, that
the Charge d'Affaires of Rome might be forced to
leave our Capital, the rumour is altogether false ; no
change will take place with respect to that Diplo-
matic Agent.

M. de Labrador, who is now in Paris, is ap-
pointed our Ambassador Extraordinary to Rome;
his credentials were sent to him to Paris on the 25th.

The Council of State will meet the day after to-
morrow, to decide definitively- regarding the admis-
sion of M. Tiberi, as well as the nature of the de-
wbic't. mt. de Labrador is to make. The
great majority of this Council is favourable to the
Pope's interests ; and it is almost certain, that not-
withstanding the intention which the Ministry ap-
pear to have of maintaining the ancient rights of the
Monarchy, the great influence of the Clergy will
succeed, and that the Minister will be obliged to
yield.

The Father Cyril d'Alameda, who is at present
at Alcantara,ain a convent belonging to his order, is
on the eve of being prosecuted, on account of our
discussions with the Pope. The cause is this—

Cardinal Justiniani had repeatedly tried, during
the Ministry of the Duke del Infantado, to procure
the recognition of the New States of America ; but
having always failed, he endeavoured to effect,
that the briefs for the Canonical Institution of
the American Bishops should notbe subjected
to the erequatur of the Court of Madrid; and
Father Cyril, who wished to be a Cardinal, had
offered to aid this latter negociation by every
means in his power, but it also failed as com-
pletely as the former ones. Father Cyril, however,
who wished, at any rate, to obtain the red hat, in-
sinuated to M. Justiniani that the Republics of
America having been recognised by England, and
several European Governments, would speedily be
acknowledged by the others; that the Court of
Rome ought to take a decisive part, and that he
(Father Cyril) and his friends, would have sufficient
credit to prevent the consequences of the ill humour
which the conduct of the Holy See might cause at
the Court of Madrid. These insinuations have, it
is said, powerfully contributed to all that has been
done at Rome without our consent.
Meanwhile, Mr. Colon, then our Minister at
Rome, attaining a knowledge of all that was passing,
informed the Duke del Infantado of it, and the
banishment of Father Cyril followed as a conse-
quence; but Mr. Aparici, who, after the death of
Mr. Colon, (to whom he was Secretary of Lega-
tion), had become Charge d'Affaires, has been able
to procure not only complete information respecting
the intrigue, but also documents which he has trans-
mitted to Mr. Salmon, and in consequence of which
these reports with regard to Father Cyril hare been
spread.

(From the Quotidienne.)
PARIS, JULY 9.—The Journal de Nantes an-
nounces that the King has sent to Viscount Walsh
a sum of 2,000 franca for the erection of the monu-
ment to General Charette.

Mr. Diwoffpecretary to the Russian Embassy at
Paris, has arrived at St. Petersburg with dis-
patches, which are supposed to relate to the affairs
of Greece.

THIS DAY.—SECOND EDITION._.. pace is.

—The SPHYNX.—The whole impression of 3,000
copies of the First Number of this New Sunday Paper,
edited by Mr. BUCKINGHAM, having been entirely disposed
of,.—nearly the half of these being sold at the Office of
Publication, 147, Strand, without including the eopies de-
spatched by Orders to the Country,--a Second Edition has
been sent to Press, and will be ready for delivery this day.
This Edition is distinguished by a new feature in the title-
head, to give it a more distinct and separate identity, and
is printed on a paper of a finer quality, being that origin-
ally intended for the First Edition, but which, as stated in
a notice to that effect, did not reach town from the Paper
Mills in time for the first issue.—The Second Number will
have a Country Edition ready for the Post of Saturday
Night, and a Town Edition ready for delivery by Four
o'Clock on Sunday Morning.-147, Strand.--Wednesday,
July 11, 1827.

A cube of gold, of little more than five inches
on each side, contains the value of 10,0001.
sterling.
FRUITFULNEss.—A woman at the Horse
Barracks has lately been delivered of three dead
children. She has been married nine years, and
within that time has given birth to 18 children.
It is rather remarkable that when the regiment
was last stationed here, she gave birth to three
still-born infants.—Brighton Gazette.

PRICES OP IRISH
Bank Stock SU
Consols, 3 per cent. 8514
Goy. Stock, 3% percent. 92 I
Ditto, New 9l
4 per Cent. 100 U '
Gov. Deb. 3% per cent.
Royal Canal Stock ...
Grand Canal Stock
City Deb. 4 per cent
Ballast Office Deb. 4 p. ct

STOCIS, JULY 9.
St. Patrick lnsur. (per Ms.)
Royal Irish Ditto —
National Ditto —
Patriotic Ditto —
Hibernian Bank —
Provincial Ditto —
Royal Irish Mine —
Imperial Mine .... .....
Mining Co. of Ireland
Commercial Buildings

HIGH WATTS,. AT LONDON ➢RIDGE TO-MORROW.
Morning ... 6 minutes .zfter L. I Evening... 13 minutes after S.

rtr

LONDON,
THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 12, 1827.

In another column will be found the Treaty
which was signed on the 6th inst. by the Pleni-
potentiaries of Great Britain, France, and Rus-
sia, for effecting peace between the Ottoman
Porte and Greece, together with the additional
and secret Article, determining the measures to
be adopted in case the Porte does not, within
one month, accept the mediation proposed.—
We copy these interesting documents from our
cotemporary, the Timer, to whose means of in-
formation abroad even the smite of diplomacy
appear to be open.

It will be observed that the primary object ofthis
Treaty is, to put an end to the hostilities waging
between the two countries, and thereby stop the
further effusion of human blood, and arrest the
evils of all kinds which might arise from the son-
tinuance of the present state of things. Its
next object is, to secure for Greece a Govern-
ment which, if not actually independent of the
Porte, shall possess many of the advantages of
independence ; and in the attainment of these
objects the High Contracting Powers bind them-
selves not to seek any arrangements of territory,
any exclusive influence, or any commercial ad-
vantage for their subjects, which the subjects of
any other nation may not equally obtain.

The Secret Article, which as in most other
Treaties, is the most important, stipulates that
it shall be announced to the Porte that the High
Contracting Parties intend to send Consular
Agents to Greece, and that if the Porte do not
accept in one month the Armistice proposed, or
the Greeks refuse to sign it, the High Contract-
ing Parties will conjointly employ all their means
in the accomplishment of their object, without,
however, taking any part in the hostilities be-
tween the two contending parties. And finally,
if these measures should fail, the High Powers
will continue to prosecute the work of pacifica-
tion, for which purpose they authorize their Re-
presentatives in London to discuss and determine
the ulterior measures to which it may become ne-
cessary to resort.

That the object for which this Treaty is en-
tered into, and the principles on which it is
founded, are just, cannot be denied ; but the
well-known policy of the Turkish Government,
and the character of the present SULTAN, lead
us to apprehend that those ulterior measures,
which are left to be hereafter settled between the
Representatives of the High Powers, will alone
effect the pacification of Greece and its limited
independence. That Great Britain will faithfully
and honourably fulfil every conditition of this
Treaty, as she has ever done the conditions of
all other treaties into which she has entered, is
is equally undeniable ; bat that Russia will not
seise the present occasion to promote, if not
actually to accomplish, her long-sought object
with regard to Turkey, can hardly be believed :
and when we consider the conflicting interests
of the three mighty Powers, whose fleets are to
act for the accomplishment of the objects of the
Treaty, and the jealousies which these proceed-
ings may excite in other great Powers, we can-
not feel that security as to the future conse-
quences of our conjoint exertions in the cause
of humanity, which the cause itself, and the
very necessity of our interference, deserve. When
fleets or armies are once in motion, circum-
stances occur which no human foresight can
guard against, and results too frequently ensue
of a nature entirely opposite to those for which
the equipment was undertaken.

We received last night, in due course, the
Paris Papers of Monday, from which we have
given several extracts in another column, as well
as from the Gazette de France of Tuesday, the
receipt of which we mentioned in our Paper of
yesterday. With the exception of the retrograde
movement of the Spanish army, which we then
announced, there is nothing importaait in Ray of
the papers : and even that movement appears to
have arisen from local circumstances rather than
from any political cause. The Moniteur
gives an extremely long article, containing an
expose or review of the state of things in France
since the latter end of 1821, the object of which
is to prove that the present Ministry is entitled
to the confidence of the French nation.
FRENCiI FUNDS, JULY 9.--Five per Cents. 102 f. 85e. ;
Three per Cents. 72f. Bie. • Bank &sick, 2,020 f. ; Nea-
politan, 77f. 90e. ; Spanish Loan, 1823, 64—Exchange
on London, one month, Paper (no quotation) ; Money,
25f. 30c. ; Three Months, Paper (no quotation); Money,
25f. 20c.

We received last night Dutch Papers to the
oth instant, fibm which the following are ex-

,racts :

AmBTR"Ahly Jut 9.—Yesterday arrived here his
Highness Prince George, Duke of Mecklenburgh, and set
out again to-day for Bremen. The Russian frigate Con-
stantine, Capt. H. Gruchoff, from St. Petersburgh, ar-
rived in the Texel yesterday. It had on board Prince
Nikita Gregorien Wolchonski 111., who is now in this city.
His Majesty, by a Decree of 29th June, has ordered that
the Hague shall participate in the benefits of the Royal
Resolution of 25th March, according to which, a sum of
20,000 florins shall be annually paid out of the Public
Treasury for the purchase of good works of art by masters

of our own country. As part of the sum allotted lie year
to the purchase of pictures in the Brumesls exhibition was
not employed, some purshases shall be made, and prises
given for the exhibitions, which ie to take place at the
Hague.

Some of our contemporaries have endeavoured
to throw discredit on the Act for relaxing the
Charter of the Bank of England, by stating that
only three Joint Stock Companies have been
formed under it, and that only two Private.
Banks have availed themselves of the permission
to increase the number of their partners. Now
surely it is too much to argue that a system is
bad, because it does not instantly supplant
another, which had taken deep root in the lapse
of time. Just as well might one say that the
enlightened doctrines of the Protestant Faith
are not superior to the mystified errors of the
Catholic religion, which still maintains its hold
over millions of the human race, though cen-
turies have elapsed since the glorious light of the
Reformation first burst on the enslaved and
benighted world.

The object of the late Act evidently was to
assimilate the Banking System in England to
that which has long prevailed in the neighbour-
ing kingdom of Scotland. Now, just let us
consider these two systems, and reflect on the
difficulty of suddenly exchanging one for the
other. That in Scotland is easily described,
there being no mystery about it, since any in-
dividual, or set of individuals, has free power to
issue promissory notes, so that they can find per-
sons ready to take those which they wish to circu-
late. But in England it was a far different case.
For the sake of getting a pitiful loan, (and that
not on very favourable terms), from the
Bank of England—the Government of this
mighty Empire sold to that disinterested
body, the exclusive privilege of issuing notes
within a certain distance of London—that is,
they agreed that the Bank of England should
have no rivals in the confidence of the Public,
and for that purpose the number of partners was
limited in all Private Banks within the territory
thus consigned over to these great monopolists,
for the special exercise of their financial opera-
tions. The natural consequence has been that
Banking in England has been confined to men
possessing, or supposed to possess, immense
wealth, whereas in Scotland, no limit being
there set to the number of partners, men of all
ranks may be holders of Bank Stock, and
Bankers are not an exclusive and separate class
of society. But, however desirable it might
be for this country to have greater security
than a few individuals can generally afford, it is
far from probable that those English Bankers
who stood the brunt of last year's run upon
them, will during a period of security, admit to
a share of their profits, an unlimited number of
partners, for whose assistance they hive now no
occasion. Public spirit may induce individuals
to form Joint Stock Banking Companies, where
the failure of Private Banks has left an opening,
but it is evident, that the operation of a general
change may be protracted through many years.
This, however, can form no argument for re-
tracing our steps, and departing from those prin-
ciples of free trade, which (notwithstanding all the
obloquy attached to them by bigotted ignorance)
are as essential to the body politic as the free
air of Heaven is to the natural constitution.
The increased intelligence of succeeding ages
has proved that the bolstering up of the one by
vindictive duties, or insane bounties, is equally
erroneous, with the unnatural remedies and eternal
physicking which our ancestors reckoned essen-
tial to the preservation of bodily health.

It appears by the City intelligence, that the
Government have very properly taken the plain;
straight forward course of disposing of the addi-
tional Exchequer Bills which are to be issued
this year in the public market, instead of pri-
vately selling them to the Bank of England, as
has been done of late years. This course is no
less right in principle than it is likely to be bene-
ficial to the public, for, instead of receiving a
premium of 205., which we believe to have been
the highest rate of premium ever allowed for
these securities by the Bank, the Government
Brokers have already disposed of a large amount
at upwards of 50s. premium. But even were the
ease otherwise, and Exchequer Bills could not
be sold at so high a rate in the public market
as by private bargain with the Bank, we con-
tend that the former course ought to be adopted.
Publicity and open dealing should always cha-
racterise every national pecuniary transaction ;
and although in times of emergency, recourse
might be had to the Bank, as a general principle,
the Minister and the Bank ought never to be
brought into contact, by which, perhaps, the in-
dependence of each is too frequently grievously
shackled. We have often seen the dangerous
consequences of a connection between the Go-
vernment and the Bank, and the evil of it
was never more forcibly exemplified than dur-
ing the panic of 1825, when the immense
advance which the latter was under to the
former, crippled its means of relieving the dis-
tress which suddenly came over the monied
world, and allowed consequences to ensue which
might otherwise have been averted. This con-
nection, we trust, will be gradually put an end
to. The annual advance which the Bank now
makes to the Government for the Half-pay An-
will, as every body knows,
An-
nuity which it purchased,
be at an end next year; and if the CHANCELLOR

of the Excimatia* should determine to sell
a further part of that Annuity, we trust that, like
every other loan, it will be thrown open to public
competition, which, if not in its immediate,
would, in its ultimate results, prove the most be-
neficial course to the public interests. Had the
portion of that Annuity which the Bank purchased
been sold to the public, the Funds might not have
attained the height which they have reached in the
interval, but the capital of individuals would have
gradually absorbed the whole of it, and the pro-
bability which now exists of a considerable effect
being sooner or later unexpectedly produced in
the money market, by the determination of the
Bank to dispose of this annuity, would never
have occurred. The sooner, however, hat da
termination is corn. to by the Bank the better ;
for, unshackled by such an investment of its
capital, the Bank might give life and activity to
our trade in every part of the country, and the
Government would be able to pursue measures
which the present arrangements with the Bank
impede, if they do not prevent.

We understand that the Ministerial arrange-
ments which hare been for some time contem-
plated are now finally arranged in the following

manner :

Mr. CANNING remains First Lord of the
Treasury, and Chancellor of the Exchequer.
His Grace the Duke of PORTLAND resigns
the office of Privy Seal, but retains his seat in
the Cabinet.

Lord CARLISLE succeeds the Duke of PORT-
LAND as Lord Privy Seal.
Mr. STURGES BOURNE succeeds Lord CAR-
LISLE as First Commissioner of Woods and
Forests, keeping his seat in the Cabinet.
The Marquis of LANSDOWN succeeds Mr.
STURGES BOURNE as Secretary of State for the,
Home Department.

Viscount DUDLEY remains at the Foreign
Office.

Mr. SPERM RICE, it is said, will replace'
Mr. SPENCER PERCEVAL as one of the Under
Secretaries of State for the Home Office. .
~ ,

It is understood that Lord HOLLAND doe
not take office, and that the Irish appointments
are not finally arranged.

The Swabian Mercury of the 3d inst. re-
ceived this morning, contains the following ac-
count of the Kirghis tribe, and their approach

9011
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the

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to
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and