The Sun.
London, England, 1818-07-03 00:00:00

LITERARY REVIEW.

A SUMMARY VIEW of the STATISTICS and EXIS TING
COMMERCE of the Principal Shores of the PACIFIC
'OCEAN; with a Sketch of the Advantages, Political and
'Commercial, which would result from the Establishment
of Central Free Port within its Limits ; and also of one
in the Southern Atlantic, viz. within the Territory of the
Cape of Good Hope, conferring on this latter, in particular,
the same privilege of direct Trade with India and the
Northern Atlantic, he,towed lately on Malta and Gibral-
tar.—By Captain M'Kovocurr., Royal Navy.—London
Printed for .1. M. RICHARDSON, 33, Cornhill ; and W.
i3LAcKwoon, Edinburgh.

Oar Reader% will have observed the above title
among our recent advertkemeuts. We shall
offer, accordingly, no apology for stibjoining the
following Epitome of the contents of is Volume
which bids fair, we think, to be peculiarly accept-
able to the Public at the present moment.
The object of the 11Tork is twofold, or rather
we should say there are two different objects pur-
sued in it ; but very slenderly connected the one
with the tither. " The first," to use the Author's
own words, in a concise and very perspicuous lo-
tioductiou prefixed to it, " is au attempt to fix piih-
Le attention on the Pacific Ocean, that immense
gap in onr commercial relations, whose shores
extend to every babitahle degree of latitude on
our globe, and teem with every valuable article of
exchange, and whit h are yet rarely visited once
in a season by a British merchant ship, unless on
out' obscure point, (New Sonth Wales,) where a
Colony for the teception of convict% has been
established." This object Captain AP_Kosocturt
endeavours to attain by a very interesting, dis-
tinct, and, as far as we have been enabled to ob-
serve, correct summary of the actual state of these
Shores, of their productions, institutions, exist-
ing commerce, &c , the whole illustrated by a very
neat Chart, coloured to indicate their nohieal li-
mits, and the sovereign powers, whether Native
or European, to which they respectively belong.
Having thus laid the foundation for his future
reasonings, he now proceeds to. state the improve-
ments which, as he thinks, wool', be elf, cted by
the establishment of a central Colony
seithin the limits of this Sea, to the Port or Ports
of which unlimited freedom of trade should be
granted, and e. hid), to use again his own words,
would thus not only be an emporium whence
nor own exportations would readily diverge to
their several destinations st ithin its horizon, but
also a conduit by which the whole specidatinna
of these seas Wo,lid be cooveyed to and from the
European and other Atlantic Mat kets."
improvements he does not deduce so much front
general views, as by main retracing the whole
shores tinder consideration, combiniog the opera-
tion of his pioposed measure with their respec-
'the interests; and we cannot but observe that in
this part of his Work he 'appears to its to have
beet' eminently successful, having rendered a sob-
ject, in itself perhaps somewhat dry and !mime-
resting to the general reader, in no ordinary de-
gree instructive and amusing even to the roost su-
perficial. . .

If we are not much tmstaken, however, the
second. portion of the whole Work, the
which -we now proceed to state, will not only
more immediately excite attention and discussion,
but it is also in its. if by much the most import-
ant. It CollSiSrli of a pioposal to bestow on
port (Saldanha Bay) near the Cape of Good
Hope, that privilege of receiving the Transit
Duty on Indian importations in British bottoms,
which was granted last year to Malta and Gib-
raltar, creating it at the same time a free port to
ail and every speculation, whether foreign or d'o-
tiestic. The argument used in favour of the first
yortioo of this measure seems to us very conclu-
sive. The privilege in question was granted to
Malta and Gibral'. r, with a view to relieve the
British merchant trading between India and the
-.Mediterranean of the extreme delay, inconveni-
ence, and loss entailed on bins by the imposed ne-
cessity of touchirg at a British domestic port in
Order to pay his Transit Duty. Now, in point
of fact, the same loss and eXpence are incurred
Still by the British merchant trading between
India and the. whole Western world, North atitl
South America, while they wood lie re-
Moved by advancing one of the Cape of Good
'lope Ports to the rank of a Transit Port, all
01 them being directly in their route. With re-
epect to the smitd portion of the measure, that,
namely, which refers to the grant. of an abso-
lutely free trade to the proposed' point, the ar-
guments aeldeced seen to es also very strong—
Captain M. maintains, that by allowing those
privileges to the Cape of Good Hope, it would
necessarily snort become a sort of Entrepfx be-
tween' the • two Hemispheres, combining at only
half the distauce which divide their several ports,
ti variety and assortment of the protince of each,
such which neither separately Can offer the other
at any one point. to his own words, " it would
thus be Asia to Europe, and Europe to Asia. 7—
The inevitable consequence it would thus appear
of its beating such a character, would be its
becoming a point of universal resort both to fo-
reigners and natives, acquiring us. accordingly in
succession an immence revenue ; a powerful cam—
suantl; through means of financial reguratioos,over
the course and direction of the whore Trade ;
power of encouraging foreign European, and of
.proscribing ,American carrying Trade ; an in-
estimable bulwark- to India, through the inter-
ruption of the direct• Trade of Foreigners to and
Prow its putts; a commanding influence in both
Hemispheres, founded. on the eheck and controul
we should thus he enabled' to exercise over tilde
mutual communications, and filially, the means,
through the whole system of Flee Tradelcontem-
plated in both seas, the Pacific an&Atlantie, of
currying the' stream of ChTistiin instroction With
Jirrisistible force into the most remote corners ut
the Southern Hemisphere.- least are the
chief anticipations. whiclr.captisite-M. founds on
his proposed measure, and although we Are by
Ito means prepared to say that we assent to all his
conclusions, we cannot but.confess that they are
most plausibly deduced, leaving an impression on
our mind, which if not quite conviction, scents at
Yeast very nearly to approach to it.,
The style of the Work, is, we think, very un-
equal, occasionally forcible, but not unfreptcntry

We received this morning the Paris Papers of
Tuesday last. The following are extracts :--
" PAttis,Joate 30.---Yesterday the Cour Royale,
atter hearing the arguments of the Advocates on
both -sides, decided against the appeal of M.
Fi6see, and confirmed' the otiginal sentence of
the Correctional Police of three mouth'
inuhri-
sonment.

FITE PER CENTS.

Monday ' ' 74 f. —c.
Luau Certificates . ...19.11

DEFRIIRED STOCK
of the ::12t1Marcli, 1817
2241 Nrpt. 1817 . Si f. 85 c.
22d'Marc), 1818 Bl f. c.

" STOCKHOLM, JUNE 12.—The exercise of the
Conscripts, which is to (eke place eve; year, at
this season, for fifteen days, has commenced. The
students of Upsal and Lund form separate corps.

" AUXERRE, Juxa 27.—The 24ih instant a
dreadful fire broke out at Mont Saint Sulpice, four
leagues from Auxerre, by which seventy•three
houses were totally destroyed, together %%kb a
great quantity of grain and other property. Two
children perished in the flames.

" NORM/MUG, JUNE 22.—M. de Humboldt,
the Prussian Minisler at London, will, it is said,
shortly return to Berlin, the climate of England
not agreeing with his health. It is said that he will
.
succeed the Graud Marshal the Count Goltz as
Prussian Minister to the Germanic Diet.

FRMIKFOIIT, JUNE 24.—1 t is said, that the
result of the deliberations of the INlilit3ry Com-
mittee of the Diet will be submitted to the So-
vereigns, at their meeting at ,Aix-la•Chapelle,
who will decide upon the station which Germany
shall in futute hold amongst the States of Europe
as is military power.
" Several German Sovereigns propose, it is
said, to proceed in person to Aix-la-Chapelle, to
visit the Allied Monarchs."-

If the real INDEPENDENT ELECTORS of West-
minster cannot be ronied into a sense of their
danger, in supporting the idol of the Burdeltites
against Captain MaxweLL, aml ‘vhich, in fact,
is promoting a. French Ilecointion, • and the total'
destruclio4 of our present form of Government, we
arc lint so ridiculously 'Vain as to soppose that any
thing we could say would,have the leAst influence
upon their feelings. Indeed. they will be dead
to all feelings of loyalty and patriotism, as Well
as to the dictates of common sense and the warn-
ings of experience, ami they may prepare them-
Selves to expect all the scenes of horror that took
place in France to be re-acted in this Country.
Mr.. BRUCE? appeared yesterday again upon the
ifistings'in support of Sir FRANCI3 BURDETT,
and iu the, course of an harangue at once dell,
common-place, and yet imiLammatory, said " lie
'knew nothing of the merits of Captain INIrawELL,
except that he took Lord AmneßsT to China;
and brought him back again." And . pray
what is known of Mr. BRVOE, butt that he'
violated the laws. of France, and relcued a
Ti allot from the punishment which he desened,
and 40-r ‘l•lli,els •ctima he and his conic(krates
height properly have suffered on the Gallows des-

tined for the Pr titZ(dr • nity 1.,:i0g of
FRANCE, however,, prevailed, notwithstanding
that a Traitor to his Ctown been enabled to
escape tie punishment which might have deterted
other Traitors, and he suffered the men who had
violited the law, iu a foreign country, and ex-
cited a false pity for Traitors, to escape with a
very mild punishment. This is all that is known
of Mr. liauce, and it is full enough to render
Lieu nil object of severe condemnation among all
who respect regular Governments, and peace be-
tween Nations. But if Mr. Haute will read the
accounts of the Embassy to China, as given in
the respective works of Mr. Mils, Captain HALL,
and Mr. M'Leon, he will find that much is-
known of Captain MaxwFLL, and every thing it:
the highest degree to his honour. It he will in-
quire too in the Navy, he will find that Sir Mutt-
nAv's priifessional merits 41111 private virtues are
held in the highest admiration and esteem. But
the talents of the gallant Officer are not confined
to his profession, but would do more honour to
the Senate than the combined pitwersof a thou-
sand Baucrs, judging front the specimen of the
pet son who rescued the Vrench Traitor, and who,
to give the finishing stiol,e to his ,character, ad-
vocates the cause of the English Reformer,
the Champion for the eternal confusion of
the Empire, in Universal Suffrage and Annual
Parliaments ! !! —Such is Mr. Bavcg and
such is Captain Sir MURRAY MAXWELL. Elec-
tors of Westminster, " look on this picture, and
on this not support the Idol of those who
'fleet the escape of Traitors, but support Sir
MueltAY MAXWELL, an Officer who will protect
his King from domestic Traitors, and his Country
front all foreign Adversaries.