The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-24 00:00:00

THE THIRD EDITION.

To be had of all Bookserllers. A New and Popular Work,
price 4s. 6d.,
THE WATER CURE. A New Systcm for re-
storing injured constitutions to robust health, for the
Radical Cure of Gout and Rheumatism, Stomach, Liver, and
Nervous Complaints. Tic, Scrofula, Syphilis, and their conse-
quences, &c., &c., tire result of Observations made on Two
Thousand Patients.

By , TAMES WILSON,
:Physician to his Serene Highness Prince Nassau.
London . John Nun-chill, Princes-street, Soho.
The Author has now TO.rmed an establishment similar to that
of Priessnitz, at Great Malvern, celebrated for the purity of
its air and water, and ever 3 • other adjunct for giving the Water
Cure its full effect.

NATIONAL LOAN VUND LIFE ASUR
ANCE SOCIETY,

Felt ratkw,'lNG
LIFE ASSURANCES, DEFER RED ANNUITIES, &c.
No. 26, CORNOILL.
Capital £500,(
Empowered by Special Act of Parliament.
DIRECTORS.

T. LAMIE MURRAY, Egg., Chairman.
J. Elliotsol, M. D., F. R. S. I Jo! in Rawson, Esq.
John Griffith Frith, Esq. I Jelin Riddle Stodart, Esq.
Hunter Gordon, Esq. I Cl ement Tabor, Esq.
George Lungley, Esq. Jf ,seph Thompson, Esq.
AUDITORS .

Professor Wheatstone, F.R. S. 1 Prt ,fessor Graves, A.M. F.R. S.
A(rruA ay—W. S. B. Woolht ,use, Esq., F. R.A. S.
PHYSICIAN—J. Elliotsol.l, M.D., F. R. S.
SURGEON—E. S. Symes, Esq.
Soucrrons—Messrs. Sweet, Suf,tfm, E.wens,ancl Ommanney.

BANIKICKS—Messrs. Glyr., Halifax, Mills, and Co.

The most rational motives to Lsfe Assurance are found in
the plan adopted by this Society ; viz. ioined to a secure
provision at death for inheritors ,of the A ;sued, the Society
affords succour to the Assured him self (proportioned to pre-
vious, payments) i the event of un foreseen reverses.
Annual Division of Profits.
F. FERGUSON CAMRDUX, Secretary.

UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE
COMP AN' -,
8, Waterloo-place, Pall-n lall, London.
DIVISION OF PROFITS AMOI '.IG THE ASSURED.
MONORARY PRESID ENTS.
Earl of Errol ' Earl of Stair
Earl of Court own Earl Somers
Earl Leven and Melville Lord Viscount Falkland
Earl of Norbury Lord Elphinstone
Lord Belhaven and Sltenton
DIRECTORS. _
JAMES STUART, Esq., Chairman.
H. DE CASTRO, Esq., Del silty Chairman.
Samuel Anderson, Esq. Charries Downes, Esq.
Hamilton Blair _Marne, Chartes Graham, Esq.
Esq. F. C. MaitlandEsq.
Edw. Boyd, Esq., Resi dent Wiliam Railton, Esq.
E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., As- John Ritchie, Esq.
sistant Resident F. H. Thomson, Esq.
SECRETARY.---liatrick Macintyre, Esq.
This Company, establishod by Act of Parliament, affords
the most perfect security in .an ampl,e paid-up Capital, and in
the great success which has attende d it, since it 3 commence-
ment in 1834.
In 1641 the Company declared an addition to the Share-
holders of one-half of their Stock, and also added 21. per
Cent. per Annum, from the date of the policies to those par-
ties who had insured with Profits.
The Premiums nevertheless ar c .on the most moderate scale,
and only a moiety need be paid for. -the first five years, where the
Insurance is for life.
The amount of bonus added to • peJlicies since the commence-
ment of the Company in March 1834, to the 31st December
1840, is as follows:
Sum Assured. Time Assur 51. Sums added to Policy.
£l,OOO 6 Year?. 10 M onths £136 13 4
1,000 4 Years
1,000 3 Years .
1,000 1 Year
,
Every information will be offers led on application to the
Resident Directors, Edward Boyd, ',B sq., and E. Lennox Boyd,
Esq., of No. 8, Waterloo, place, Pi 11-mall, London.
Frederick Hale Thomson, Esq., Si irgeon, 48, Berners-street,
attends at the Office daily, about lis if-past Two o'clock.

TESTERN LIFE A SSI-1 TRANCE SOCIETY
Office-49, Parliament-stre 't, Westminster.
Capital 500,0001; 10,000 ;hares, 501. each.
Deposit 5/. eacl s Share.
This Society is established for tl le • Assurance of Lives, upon
principles combining economy with t perfect security.
DIRECTO: LS.
H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq., 28, , Upper Bedford-place.
William Cabell, Esq., Newington- place, Surrey.
Thomas Smilers Cocks, jun., Esq. ~ Charing Cross.
George Henry Drew, Esq., Berm S ndsey.
William Evans, Esq., Millbank.
William Freeman, Esq., Milbank street.
Francis Fuller. Esq., Poultry, Lo p 1 ion an-1 Croydon.
James Hunt, Esq., Whitehall.
John Arscott Lethbridge, Esq., 0 reenwich Hospital.
Edmund Lucas, Esq., Millhan't-str. get.
George Kennet Pollock, Esq., Gr eat George-street, West-
minster.
James Lys Seager, Esq., Millbank. .
John Bazley White, Esq., 'vlillban .-atreet, and Swanscombe.
Joseph Carter Wood, Esq., Artill e ry Place, Westminster,
Henry Wrench, Esq., King Will sam-street, London Bridge.
TRURTE

William Whateley, Esq. I L. C. Humfrey, Esq.
George Dre• c, Esq.
A UDITO RS.
Ormus Biddulph, Esq. I John Freeman, Esq.
John Bazley White, jun., Esq.
CONSULTING COTINSEL—W) Warn Page Wood, Esq.
CONVEYANCING COUNSE L. —Samuel Jay, Esq.
PHYSICIAN—WiIIiam Richard I lasham, Esq., 17,
Chester-street, G? Art senor-place.
Stracnows—Alfred Leggatt, E iri,; George D. Pollack, Esq.
BA NKERS —Messrs. Cocks, 131 dduli Al, and Co., Charing cross.
SOLICITORS—Messrs. J. L. 1 3ickni M and J. C. Lethbridge,
25, Abingdon-3' avet,' Westminster.

•
TABLE OF PREMIUMS TO -.AS/ X guy •FOR THE WHOLE
TERM 1 ,F 71.z0 E.

Age. Annual Prem.' Age ;,----n, ad .Prem Age. Inn. Preen.
_ _ ---
s'''''"---
50 R 4 3 3
2° Li 14 2 35 x.) ii 0 .
25 118 11 40 055 55 4
30 24 8 45 I 3- i: 6, 60 615 3

The object of this Sncietv •ts to elku to
n in the rates
reduction bfits at a reit red.
ofPremiurn of Life-Assurance,
.the Msured all the
ene

A person aged 30, mayP„O, i% EtXhAi: 1.8.". to.Ec.i e4t,y ,
5001.,
by, the annual payment of '
~, V, ; assure his life for
I which in a c'ociety
where the Bonus is held out as .
him 131. 7s. 4d., r.r, in other
LTE A NI Is.inducement, would cost
male
afar the same annual pre-
mium he could at this Offiee • w"ds' nearly 600/ , whereby
he derives AN 111131EDIt Assure 17,,
OF 100/.
All particulars as to Sl'.ares, L ssurances, &c. MaY l e
parties in the mmntry eligible for r under,
obtained on application to the Glngr A v ; and, if required,
Sect'eta r
forwarded to the eCur,cry. 3 CERTAIN BON TY";
requested to apply,
A very liberal Commission•eiters r.nd Agents•
allowed to ref
EDW, 'l',, iticHARDSON.
' ' ttuary and Sec.
i•At taking Agencies me

SMOKE AND SOOT of FURNACES:
THEIR INFLUENCE ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
(From, the Report on the Sanitary Condition of the
Labouring Population of Great Britain.)
The most important, perhaps, because the
most cheap and accessible authority for reclaim-
ing the execution of the law for the protection
of the subject against nuisances, for punishing
particular violations of it, was vested in the
Courts Leet. The statute of the view of' Frank-
pledge, 13 Edw. 11., directs inquiry to be made
of waters turned, or stopped, or brought from
their right course, and obstructions in ditches
were presentable at the Leet; but the stopping-
up a watering-place for cattle was held_not to be
presentable as a common nuisance.—(4oLit.s6 a.)
The juries, commonly called "annoyance juries,"
impanelled to serve on Courts Leet in towns, are
accustomed to perambulate their districts to
judge of nuisances upon the view. But the state
of this machinery will be seen in the state of' the
evils which come within its jurisdiction.
With all this legal strength, however, there is
scarcely one town in England which we have
found in a low sanitary condition, nor scarcely
one village marked as the abode. of fever, that
does not, present. an example of standing viola-
tions of the law, and of the infliction of public
and_ common as well as ot private injuries, the
tenementseetWeibd, streets replete with in-
jurious. nuisances, the streams of pure water pol-
luted, and the air rendered noisome.
The chimneys of the *naces which darken
the atmospheres, and pour out volumes of smoke
and soot upon the inhabitants of populous towns,
a&rd most frequent examples of the inefficiency
of the local administration, and the contempt of
the law for the protection of. the public against
nuisances which arc specially provided for.
• Most modern private Acts contain penalties on
gas companies permitting their washings to con-
taminate streams, or using tOr steam-engines fur-
naces . which do not consume their own smoke.
The general statute., 1 and 2 Geo. IV., c. 41, em-
powers the Court to award costs to the prosecu-
tor Of those who use such furnaces. Where the
grievance, may be remedied by altering the
construction of the furnace employed in the
I-orking of engines by steam, the Court may make
an order fin. preventing the nuisance in future.'
The specific effects of an excess of smoke on
the getieral health of a town population has not
been distinguished, but from the comparatively
high average of mortality amongst the middle
classes in siutations undistinguished by confined
residences, or defective drainage, or aiiy thing but
an excessively suwky atmosphere; from the com-
paratively rapid improvement of convalescents
on removal to purer atmospheres, there is strong
reason to believe that the prejudicial effect is
much more considerable titan is commonly ap-
prehended even by medical practitioners. As
the smoke in Manchester and other towns be-
comes more dense, the vegetation declines; and
even in the suburbs the more delicate species die.
Besides the prejudicial effects on the health of
the population by the deterioration of the quality
of the air th .t is breathed, a serious effect is
created by its operation as an impediment to the
formation and maintenance of habits of personal
and household cleanliness amongst the working
classes. Even upon the middle and higher
classes the nuisance of an excess of' smoke, oc-
casioned by ignorance and culpable carelessness,
operates as a tax increasing the wear and tear of
Linen and the expense of washing, to all nho
live within the range of the mismanaged chim-
neys. In the suburbs of Manchester, for ex-
ample, linen will be as dirty in two or three days
as it would.he even in the suburbs of London in
a week. One person stated that, on the Isle of
Arran, a shirt was cleaner at the end of a week's
wear than at Manchester at the end of a day's.
The appearance of the towns on the Sunday,
when nearly all the furnaces are stopped, when
there is little more than the smoke from the
dwelling-houses, when everything is compara-
tively bright, andi the distant hills and surround-
ing country that ate* never visible, though the
atmosphere of the town in the week-days may.
be seen across it, presents nearly the appearance
which such towns would assume on the working
days, if the laws were duly executed, and the
excessive smoke of the furnaces prevented. On
inquiry of a peace-officer acting where redress is
.provided for under a local Act, how it was that
the dereliction of duty occurred that was visible
in the dense black clouds that darkened the
town, he replied that the chief' members of the
'Board were the persons whose furnace-chimneys
were most in fault, and he appealed whether a
trait in his condition was to be expected to pro-
secute his patrons?
At a meeting of manufacturers and others, held
at Leeds, for the suppression of the nuisance of
the smoke of furnaces, and to discuss the various
plans for abating it, the resolution was unani-
tmutsiiiy
igtheadopted,smok"ethaartisiinng ttlii.oetnots)itneiaomn
-oefngtihnies
fires and . furnaces can be consumed, and that,
too, without injury to the boilers, and with a
811011,, of fuel." Notice of legal proceedings
bein' given against Messrs. Meux, the brewers
in London, for a nuisance arising from the chim-
neys of two furnaces, they found that by using
anthracite coal they abated the nuisance to the
neighbourhood, and saved 2001. per annum. The
West Midalesex Water Company, by diminish-
'U.' the smoke of' their furnaces saved 1,0001. per
at a
lntitn.

The gas companies in the city of London were
indic:ed fir throwing . their refuse into the
Thaimes, and compelled to dispose of it other-
wa.:e ; and they fiaind out that they had been
guilty of waste as well as of nuisance ; and it
is stated- that the whole of what was formerly
cast away has now become au important article
or commerce.

In the rural districts the Courts Leet have ge-
nerally flilien into desuetude. In illustration of
the feeble tenure on which they were held, I
may. mention that in some instances, where it
has be.. neces,ary to disallow payments of fees
paid to the officers of those Courts from the
poor's rates, the stewards have stated that they
should hereafter discontinue the Courts; and it
is probable that they did so. In the towns,
Courts Leet are sometimes held, and inquest ju-
ries appointed; but it is objected to these bodies,
and frequently to the bodies constituted under
local acts, that they are usually composed of
tradesmen, who attend unwillingly, and at an in-
convenient sacrifice of time; who can have little
or no information in respect to the evils in ques-
t;on ; who have no arrangements to bring the
evils in question before them; no time to master
such information as may be brought before them
casualty; little interest and scarcely
,any real
responsibility imposed for ensuring any mastery
of it; and neither time nor adequate means at
their disposal for the removal of such evils as
those in question, when they are presented to
them, and proved to exist:

IMPORTATION OF FOREIGN CATTLE AND Pies.—
Wednesday afternoon the Dutch steam-packet Bata-
vier, Captain Dunlop, arrived alongside the St. Ka-
tharine's Wharf, from Rotterdam. She brought 33
heal of cattle, nearly 30 pigs, upwards of 50 dozen of
poultTy of a miscellaneous description, besides a gene-
ral cargo of merchandise. Among the oxen were two
remarkably fine bullocks and three breeding cows,
which are to be transhipped on Saturday morning for
a respectable breeder in Westport, Ireland. The
rattle imported yesterday were generally of a supe-
rior quality to those which have arrived from Hol-
land since the passing of the new Tariff Bill, many
of them not being much inferior to the Scottish oxen.
A CROWNED HEAD.—Among the incidents which
served to break the monotony, and divert the attention
of the crowd, when her gracious Majesty visited
Stirling, was the following :—A poor insane creature,
known in Stirling by the name of "Daft Pate,"
created great laughter by running about in a red coat
and tartan trousers, with an immense crown made of
painted tin upon his head. He ran hither and thither
to the great diversion of the crowd ; but the con-
stables, thinking, perhaps, that his painted crown was
intended as a burlesque upon Royalty, caused it to
be removed from his head.
EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN THE FORMATION OF
RAiLROADS.—The Moniteur des Chemins de Fer
says, one will remark with astonishment that nearly
one-half of the labourers employed on the Vendre
Railroad are females, who are preferred by the con-
tractors to men for works of importance on account of
country that the their superir docility, strength, and courage. The
of Liege has this particularity,
fe-
males undertake all those works which require supe-
rior skill and application that in other countries am IT-
served for men.

ACCIDENT TO MR. HARDINGE.—We are happy to
state that Mr. Hardings, son of Sir H. Hardinge,
who met with so serious an accident at Hungerford
Wharf a few days since, is going on most favourably.

PRESENTATION OF COLOURS TO
THE SIXTEENTH REGIMENT.
PORTSMOUTH, THURSDAY EvENINo.--I--The impos-
ing
ceremony of presenting this gallant corps with
new colours took place this afternoon on Southsea-
common, in the presence of a vast assemblage of per-
sons, who had come from all parts of the county to
witness it.
to
o iplsmpoei
theydour
ferernis‘t,r‘:
vm.laehi
etarea:etd:hi
endabggei
ydrl formedieb:;oeueeruneetasbt for three r
over
enohti
;sus
Richard
ceeernrstdat
Lieutenant-Colonel
C.
wns.
centreigqoauli
jioTaaonirrh:ees)
tbt e
jeetly.:;‘.‘llloaheefelov wasarr
nGnecgo
Gosport,
d
j
Campbell:
The Rev. Gentleman elcquently then addressed the
regiment. 7." The prowess of your corp:.," he said,
"will never be forgotten,
when Oudenarde, or Ramil-
lies, or Blenheim is remembered. There are those
truly .who will ever rouse themselves, and think with
honest pride how fields were won, as often as they
hear the name of Wellington. But can Marlborough
ever pass into oblivion ! Yet with Marlborough the
old 16th earned many an unfading wreath, while they
assisted in laying the basis of that renown upon which
' the superstructure of England's modern glory has
been so nobly raised. Allow me, however, again
to remind you, that, this your- reOksmition of Him
who giveth the victory will most redound to the
honour of your corps. Oh, never let it be supposed,
my gallant friends, that the profession of arms and
the acknowledgment of God are incompatible. Away
with the absurd, I had almost said the impious thought,
that the worst men make the best soldiers. Is it pos-
sible that want of principle can give courage, or a
reckless disregard of all that is moral and holy invi-
gorate the mind for duty, or nerve the arm in the day
of battle ? Believe me, gallant men, sound principles
and good morals, combined with reverence for God
and his laws, will best support you in the hour. of
trial, or uphold you in the honourable discharge of
your duties."
The Rev. Gentleman then offered up prayer, after
which Ensigns E. F. and H. A. Macdonald received
the colours kneeling from Lady Pakenham, who pro-
nounced a brief eulogium on the gallantry of the
regiment. General Sir H. Pakenhani then (in the
absence of the Colonel, Lord Beresford) addressed the
commanding officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell.
He adverted to the advantage of numbering of the
regiments, that " thus a regiment never dies ; its
ranks may be.thinned in action; its strength may be
reduced by climate, but the number always remains,
and by this clue we may trace with unerring accu-
racy how regiments have availed themselves of the
opportunities afforded them of obtaining distinction in
the former course of their service.'' The 16th had
been at Blenheim, Oudenarde, Malplaquet, Dettingen,
and Fontenoy. •
In reply, Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell remarked
—" More than half a century.has now elapsed since
this old corps had the good fortune to front an enemy
in the field. During this eventful period—a period
into which mighty images are crowded, all more or
less allied to our duties and professions.—many British
regiments have been favoured with an opportunity of
winning honour and renown ; not so the 16th, whose
destiny seems to have been shadowed with the gloom
of comparative obscurity ever since the memorable
day-
very day he was speaking), when the regiment laid
(by a curious coincidence just 63 years ago the
down their arms upon the glacis of Baton Icouge."
The officers of the regiment afterwards gave a
splendid dejeuner, served by Gunter, to. a numerous
party of fashionables, among whom were Lord and
Lady Aylesbury, Lord and Lady Errol, General Sir
Edward and Lady Harcourt Paget, Lady Poulett,
Lady de Rottenburg, Lord and Lady W. Paget, Sir
Hercules and Lady Pakenham,_ Admiral Sir Edward
Codrington, Lady Elizabeth Hope Vere, the Misses
Paget, Sir Thomas and Lady Austin, Lady and the
Misses Pauletts, Admiral and Mrs. Elliot, Sir David,
Lady, and the Misses Ximenes, Sir John, Lady, and
Miss Kirkland, Sir Bellingham and Miss Graham,
Sir William, Lady, and the Misses Barnett, Admiral
Parker, Sir Richard Grant, Sir Thomas and Lady
Hastings, Admiral Sir Lucius Curtis, and numerous
other individuals, including a number •of naval and
military officers.
This evening there is to be a ball, to which between
400 and 500 persons are invited.

WOOL V1T1614, triiljiiiD AY.
The Royal George Yacht, Captain Lord Adolphus
Fitzclaren2e, G.C.11., arrived at Woolwich at half-
past two o'clock to-d_ay, towed by the African steam-
vessel. The Royal Yacht has been moored opposite
the Dock-yard, with her head down the river, exactly
in the said spot and manner in which she was moored
at the moment of her Majesty's embarkation for
Scotland.

The Rhadamanthus steam-vessel, Master-Com-
mander Thomas Laen, left Woolwich, on Tuesday,
with Lady Stuart de Rothsay and family, for St.
Petersburgh. It was expected Lord Stuart de Roth-
say would join the vessel.

The Salamander steam.-vessel, Commander A. S.
Hamond, is under orders to proceed with Sir Henr
Innes to Rio Janeiro, in South America.
The Lightning steam-vessel, Lieut.-Commander
George Snell, is expected to proceed in a few days
with Lord Wilton to Hamburgh.
The Fearless steam-vessel, Captain Frederick Bul-
lock, sailed to-day for Ramsgate.
The Monkey steam-vessel, Master William Bryat,
went down the river yesterday with several scientific
persons on board, to ascertain the state of Mr. Bushe's
Caisson on the G3odwin Sands.
The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty have
caused a very handsome silver medal to be struck, to
be presented as rewards to engineers of the first class
serving in her Majesty's navy, who by their good
conduct and ability deserve some especial mark of
notice, and as an inducement to all the members of
that rank to strive to obtain this highly creditable
token of their Lordships' approbation. The medal as
a work of art is of a superior description, and the em-
blematical devices of an elegant, yet chaste descrip-
tion. The intrinsic value of the silver must be fully
55., as, although a small degree less in size than a
five-shilling piece, the medal appears thicker, and con-
trasts strangely with the appearance of the Sultan's
medals issued to the officers and men of the Royal
Navy and Roy
al Marines, being equal in quantity of
ers, and of the value of 120 of those issued to the men
of the various corps which served in Syria. This medal
tan's issued to the offi-
metal to about three of the Sul
for first-class engineers is the first of a series about
to be issued to the most deserving of that important
class of men, on whose ability, exertion, and careful
services, so much of the efficiency of the steam navy
one side of the medal is engraved, on the outer circle,
on a frosted ground, " Mr. William Shaw, first-class
of Great Britain in a great measure depends. On
engineer, 1842," and on an inner circle the following
letters have been cut in the die, " For ability and
good conduct," surrounding a neatly_embossed figure
of an anchor on a polished surface.
On the reverse
is a beautiful figure of a steam-vessel with the steam
up, richly and tastefully embossed on a polished
ground, with a representation of the Water, on which
she appears to be sailing, formed of frosted silver,
having an excellent contrast and very Pleasing effect.
Underneath is a figure representing. the head of Nep-
tune's trident, surrounded by a wreath of oak leaves
with acorns. Mr. William haw, who has so distin-
guished himself as to be the first to obtaln this testi-
mony of their Lordship's approbation, earned the
envious distinction when serving under Commander
George W. Smith, then Lieutenant of
the Tartarus
steam-vessel, on the West Indian and
North Ame •
rican station. . .

Navigation Company's vessel
on Thursday, with
the Neptune, Whittingham,
The General Steam
amburgh mail.
the Columbine,. from Rotterdam, arrived off the
tChuestDomut-chhoumseaial, hAvolsoo',clock r.rs•,
from liamburgh, arrived offexttheensTivoNevie)lrasatitnghaolfp-epraas-t
twelve, p.m., on Thursday,
magnitude
DUNBAR, SEPT. 19, 1842.—Mr. Lyon,
galvanic
of Glas-
gow, the contractor for the new harbour here, has
lately introduced that wondpweiarileildt.ahgseoennta,s
conducting wires so ar-
battery, to aid him in his
that by this
slle
mutually
emultaneously
contained
ditlieaopvntesh..r e
eSTeen:teel Several explosions
otearxkepselnoNsvieporineasce
eo,
firederie,he considerable
llargest
rgsi
601bs. of powder, distributed in five bores of great
raassnigstedeathclaitotthheer;viaiorilde
five
mbyetloinode
correct-
nessmuch greater than ex-
ploding the shots singly, and the almost incredible
the effect
wl.ottodiVii)les surmised
of the anticipation. In another
quantity of rock thrown down showed the
instance, in
order to throw down a pert of the celebrated Castle
of Dunbar, three bores, fifteen feet in depth, were
run obliquely into the rock below the foundation.
They were exploded together, and lifted from its bed,
in one unbroken and compact mass, a body of ma-
sonry weighing not less than MO tons. These expe-
riments have been conducted by Mr. R. Thompson, a
young engineer in Mr. Lyon's employment.•--C'orre•
spondent of a Scotch Paper.

Wzmoson, THURSDAY.--Four beautiful Spanish en-
tire horses arrived at Windsor yesterday morning as
presents from Isabella 11. of Spain to her Majesty.
These horses reached this country shortly after her
Majesty had left for Scotland, and were landed at
Woolwich, where they remained till yesterday morn-
ing, when they were taken to Paddington, and con-
veyed from thence to Slough by the Great Western
Railway, under the care of four grooms who arrived
with them from Spain, and a superintendent holding
the rank of Captain in the Spanish service. Yester-
day afternoon, at two o'clock, shortly after their arri-
val, they were taken by the Spanish grooms to thQ
new Riding-house, where they were seen by her Ma-
jesty and Prince Albert, who were attended by
Major-General Wemyss (her Majesty's Equerry) and
Colonel Bouverie (Equerry to the Prince). The
horses having been shown to her Majesty, were after-
wards ridden by the Royal Equerries, and subse-
quently by Mr. Myers, Prince Albert's riding-mas-
ter, by whom they were put through their various
paces.

Her Majesty having made a selection Of two for her
own use, presented the others to her Illustrious Con-
sort. One of those retained by the Queen is a beau-
tifully marked skew-hall, standing 14 hands high, and
six years old. The other is a well-formed cream-co-
loured horse of the same height, and rising seven years
old. The tails of these two animals reach to within
an inch of the ground, and are perfect curiosities from
their extraordinary size and extreme fullness. The
horses presented by the Queen to his Royal Highness
(one a bay and the other a brown) are both aged, and
of the same height—about 15 hands. These have
enormously large tails (compared with the great ma-
jority of horses of the English breed), but they are
not nearly of the size of the other two. The manes
of the four are very full and long, flowing to the
length of upwards of 14 inches over either side of
their necks. Their heads and necks are peculiarly
large and full, very much resembling the horses of
Flanders and those bred in the Low Countries.

PRESENT TO THE QUEEN.
We have great pleasure in recording the following
pleasing instance of her Majesty's considerate regard
to a class of her subjects, who, although denied the
gratification which so many thousands of her people
enjoyed, of seeing her Majesty in her Royal progress
in Scotland, and of witnessing the splendour and
magnificence of her Majesty's reception, are never-
theless animated by as devoted a loyalty to their
beloved Queen, and have felt as cordial an interest in
all that they have heard of her Majesty's visit to Scot-
land, as any of the subjects of the realm. The inmates
of the Glasgow Asylum for the Blind, on hearing of
the Queen's intention to visit Scotland, prepared in
their own quiet way, under the direction of the matron
and her assistant, an offering for her Majesty, which
was transmitted by Mr. Alston, the honorary Trea-
surer, to Lady Belhaven, who takes an active and
benevolent interest in the histitution, and was pre-
sented by her to the Queen, when her Majesty was
at Taymouth Castle. The present consisted of a
beautiful hassock, knitted with silk and worsted,
gracefully fringed, and lined with satin, and intended
for a sofa pillow. The hassock was accompanied with
several other ingenious specimens of the workmanship
of the blind, including a pretty play-ball for the
Prince of Wales. Her Majesty was graciously
pleased to accept the present, and expressed her ad-
miration of the taste displayed in the workmanship,
by c commissioning four more hassocks of the same de-
scription to be made for her Majesty; and we are de-
lighted to add that her Majesty, by way of marking
her sense of the feeling which prompted this °tiering
on the part of the blind, was graciously pleased to
transmit, through Lady Belhaven, the sum of ten
pounds for the Glasgow Asylum for the Blind. At
the same time, her Grace the Duchess of Sutherland
requested Lady Belhaven to order three hassocks, of
exactly the same kind as had been presented to her
Majesty, to be made for her Grace. We are also in-
formed that Lady Campbell, the amiable lady of the
Lord Provost, has commissioned two,of the Queen's
hassocks.—Edinbiergh Paper.

THE BREADALBANE FAMILY.
The present Marquis of Breadalbane is descended
from Sir Colin Campbell of Glenorchy, a younger son
of the first ennobled person of the house of Campbell ;
he was one of the Knights of Rhodes, subsequently
designate ;1 of Malta. The fourth in descent from
this warrior, also named Sir Colin Campbell, of
Glenorchy, built the original house, the name of which
was till a recent period Balloch, that is bealoch, a
mouth or gap, expressive of the situation of the man-
sion at the opening of the valley of the Tay. In 1681,
Sir John Campbell of Glenorchy was raised to the
peerage by the title of Earl :of Breadalbane. He had
married, in 1657, Lady Mary Rich, daughter of the
Earl of Holland, the celebrated founder of Holland
House, at Kensington. This young lady having
a fortune of ten thousand pounds, was esteemed one
of the most desirable matches of her time. When
Sir John Campbell, out of innumerable suitors, suc-
ceeded in gaining her hand, he retired with her to
his Perthshire fastrpss in a truly primitive fashion.
Upon one of the two Highland ponies which he had
taken with him to London, he himself mounted, with
his bride behind him ; upon the other he disposed
his ten thousand pounds, which was all in gold,
and at each side of that precious horse-load he dis-
posed a full-armed Highland gilly, who ran beside it
as a guard. The strange cavalcade arrived safe
in all its parts at Balloch : and a small room used
to be shown in that old castle, which, for some
time, formed at once the parlour and bed-room
of the' happy pair. This gentleman possessed
great natural talents, which, with his rank and
fortune, gave him considerable political im-
portance. It was to him, after the rebellion of
Viscount Dundee arinst the Revolution settlement,
that the Ministers of King William entrusted the sum
of 20,0001. for the purpose of purchasing the peace of
the disaffected Highland chiefs. His answer, when
afterwards called upon for an account of the disposal
of the money, is yet remembered :—" Gentlemen—
the money is spent, the Highlands are at peace, and
that is the only way of accounting among friends." In
1716, when advanced to his eighty-first year, he was
described by Mackay, a Government spy, in these
words :—" He has the gravity of a Spaniard, is as
cunning as a fox, wise as a serpent, and slippery as an
eel." The late John, fourth Earl of Breadalbane, was
created a British Marquis at the coronation of William
IV., in 1831.

RATING THE GREAT WESTERN

RAILWAY.

CORSIIAM, SEPT. 21 —The long-expected decision
of the Magistrates in this case was given at the Petty
Sessions held here this day. Mr. Saunders, the Se-
cretary, Mr. Knapp, the Solicitor to the Company,
Mr. G. Goldney, and several other parties interested
in the decision, were 'present. Mr. Clutterbuck, the
Chairman, regretted that Sir J. Awdry, who had
taken very great pains, and had gone into a variety of
calculation's to enable him to come to a fair and just
conclusion, was not present. At a private meeting
of the Justices, Sir John had stated to them his
reasons and calculations, in which the other
Magistrates entirely concurred, and they had
accordingly come to the conclusion of adopt-
ing the principles laid down by Lord Den-
man at the late contested case in the ourt of Queen's
Bench, but reducing the sum at which the Company
were assessed from 1,4501. to 9001. per mile. Mr. Knapp
and Mr. Saunders thanked the bench for the trouble
they had taken, though the latter, with due submis-
sion, thought it a very unsatisfactory result, and re-
quested permission to see the calculations of Sir J.
Awdry. This was of course thought likely to open the
whole question again, and therefore could not be com-
plied with, without the consent of Sir John Awdry;
but the Chairman would make the application if Mr.
Saunders wished it. The decision now given was,
however, final, as far as the Magistrates were concerned.
Mr. Saunders then applied for expenses, which he
thought ought to be allowQd, more especially as the
reduction from 1,4501. to 9001. per mile was so very
considerable. He would not, he said, press the ques-
tion, had it not been for the monstrous effort made by
the parish to rate them so high. Mr. G. Goldney ob-
served in reply to the latter remark of Mr. S., that
he had gone again and again through his figures, had
furnished Mr. Saunders with them, and conscien-
tiously believed his calculations to be correct. The
Bench thought each party ought to pay their own
expenses. The rate was then amended. Nothing
was said of an appeal to the Court of Queen's Bench,
which must be made within five days.

REAL CHARACTER.—MorIand, author of Le Ca-
prieeuse, was in a box of the theatre during the first
representation of that comedy. The pit loudly ex-
pressing disapprobation at the extravagance and im•
probability of some traits in this character, the author
became impatient. He put his head out of the box, and
called, "Know, gentlemen, this is the very picture of
my mother-in-law. What do you say now ?"

I On Saturday se'nnight, about twelve o'clock, two
labouring men, who were rather groggy at the time,
were coming out of the Magpie public-house, at
Whittington, when they observed a couple of men,
with long frocks,, ride by, having neither saddles nor
bridles, but guiding their horses with halters. Being
primed for a good spree, one of the labourers called
out to the horsemen, " I shouldn't wonder but you've
stolen them horses." The riders made no reply, but
instantly galloped off as quickly as they could. This
at once aroused the suspicions of the labourers, and
they pursued them, calling out " Stop thief!" In de-
scending the hill they kept up well with the fugitives,
but lost ground again in rising the opposite ascent.
At this juncture they saw a man coming in the oppo-
site direction, and called out to him to stop the
lorsemen. No sooner did the latter perceive that
they were likely to be captured than they dis-
mounted, jumped over the walls at the 'road side,
and scampered off, being soon lost in the dark-
ness. The labourers immediately took the horses
which they had so unexpectedly captured to the
stables of IVIr. Cupit, a neighbouring farmer, for
whom they work. Next day one of the animals, a
black cart mare, was discovered to have been stolen
'from the premises of Mr. Cox, of Calow; and the
other, a three-year-old, was found to be the property
of Mr. Biggin, of Chesterfield. Mr. Cox's son called
at Wittington, in the course of the morning, having
traced the footmarks of the mare towards that place,
on account of the peculiar form of one of its shoes;
and was equally surprised and gratified to recover it,
and to learn the manner of its recapture. Mr. Cox,
sen., had observed two men answering to the descrip-
tion of the fugitives strolling near his premises on
the Saturday evening. On learning the manner in
which the animals had been recaptured, he generously
presented the labourers with half a sovereign, and
promised to use his utmost exertions to induce the
Chesterfield Association for the Prosecution of Felons
(of which he is a member), at their next meeting, to
reward them further, for the zeal and determination
they evincel in the affair.—Shetrield Iris.

DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.
CHATHAM, SEPT. 22.—Last night, about 10
o'clock, as one of the parish watchmen was going his
rounds, his attention was directed to an unusual quan-
tity of smoke issuing from the back part of the
premises occupied by 'Mr. Coster, plumber, painter,
and glazier, High-street, Chatham. Feeling per-
suaded that the house was on fire, he knocked at the
door, but finding no one answered, immediately
alarmed the neighbourhood, and the shop door was
soon burst open ; the air having been thus admitted,
the whole house was soon in one body of fire. The
flames extending rapidly, threatened destruction to
all around ; and from the many combustibles on the
premises used in the trade, the scene became terrific
and grand ; every minute volumes of flames were
thrown up to a very considerable height ; fortunately
the night was calm, or the damage would have been
most extensive and calamitous, as upwards of a dozen
small tenements, inhabited by poor people, abutted the
premises in rear of the fire, not one being injured.
The Kent county engine was first on the spot, and
was soon followed by another, belonging to the Royal
Marines, and one also from the Royal dockyard,
manned by the third division of the Dockyard police,
under the superintendence of Lieut. 'Wise. Several
others, with the Sun engine, followed in rapid suc-
cession ; but owing to the want of water, they were
rendered useless until a supply was furnished, brought
in beer barrels on drays, from the brewery establish-
ments of Mr. John Best, Messrs. John and Michael
Lock's, and from Mr. Bulk's, at Rochester. A sup-
ply of water having been thus obtained enabled the
engines to work with the greatest effect for nearly
three hours. The fire having strong hold, seemed to
bid defiance to the streams of water poured upon it,
and the flames soon extended themselves right and
left. The premises occupied by Mr. Cooper, boot and
shoe maker, are very considerably damaged, his stock
and furniture not being insured. Two of Mr.
Cooper's children were taken out of bed, at the top of,
the house, by a ladder, and safely conveyed to a
neighbouring house. A widow lady, named Ar-
lidge, lodged in the house, and escaped unhurt, but
she has suffered severely in the loss of property; she
also is not insured. By one o'clock the fire was so
far got under as to allay all danger. The fire is sup-
posed to have originated in the back parlour, as it is
stated by Mr. Coster that when he left his residence,
about nine o'clock in the evening, with his brother,
there was a small portion of fire left in the stove,
with some shavings near, and a cat lying on them,
but how the fire originated no one can tell. Some of
the neighbours state that the fire originated in the
workshop. Mrs. Coster and her two children were
from home, attending the exhibition of Price and
Powell's Circus. Mr. Coster's stock and furniture
are insured in the Royal Exchange. The four houses
partly destroyed are insured in the Kent. The inha-
bitants cannot bestow too much praise on the good
conduct exhibited by the military on this as on all
other similar occurrences.

FATAL DUEL IN SPAIN.
MADRID, SEPT. 14.—The Madrid journals teem with
accounts of, and commentaries upon, a fatal duel which
took place within four leagues of Cadiz, between the
political chief of that city, a M. Riesch, and a M.
Llorente, the principal editor of the Globe newspaper,
also of the same place, on the Bth inst. The origin
of this affray appears to have been a fine imposed
upon the newspaper in question, for refusing to insert
a communication addressed to it by the corporation of
Cichlanu, in consequence of some remarks made upon
that corporation by the editors. The parties seemed
to have fired several shots first without effect, when
it was decided by lot which would fire at the other
at close distance. The lot fell to Llorente, who fired,
the ball passing through his antagonist's chest. The
latter was found the next morning with a loaded
pistol grasped in his hand; the other discharged,
by which he was shot, and the coin which
decided his fate, were also found upon the ground.
Llorente and his friends are said to have taken
refuge on board a French frigate in the Bay of Cadiz.
In the evening the mob of Cadiz attacked and de-
stroyed the office of the Globe newspaper. On the
calling out of the National Guards the mob dispersed,
and the city was perfectly tranquil on the post of
to-day coming off. The Opposition journals here
treat the affair as if the Government were to blame
in the transaction. The concluding sentence of the
Heraldo's homily of this evening upon the event will
give you an idea of the spirit in which the subject is
discussed :—" We live," says the Heraldo, " under
the dominion of villainy and of violence. The ex-
piation of crimes like these is not to be expected in
days like these! " The Patriota gives the other view
of-the case :—" A superior agent of the Government,
the first civil and military authority of Cadiz, has
been vilely and barbarously assassinated." You will
perceive if have no space to attempt to reconcile these
conflicting opinions. Much besides of the real facts
are still, of course, to be known.

The Earl of Chesterfield has purchased the Earl of
Wilton's yacht, the Xarifa, which is to be lengthened,
and other additions are to be made for the accommo-
dation of a large party, who will embark from Ports-
mouth early in November, on a cruise for twelve.

months.

TIIE INNKEEPERS' HARVEST IN SCOTLAND.--The
Edinburgh Bonifaces reaped a capital harvest during
the period of her Majesty s visit to Scotland The
same may also be said of that fraternity in a the
other towns in those neighbourhoods which her Ma-
jesty and the Prince honoured with their presence.
Beds, and indeed every other description of furniture
which could be, however tortuously, appropriated
for a resting-place at night, were amazingly up in
the market; chairs and tables at a high premium,
mattresses and paillasses scarce, though eagerly in_
quired after, and only to be procured at an
'
im-
mense advance; and as for easy chairs and sofas,
happy and fortunate was he who could
secure
the half of a couch, or the loan of little
bit
nights, pt,
bit of an easy chair, at the rate of
thing like half a sovereign per •
gentleman connected with the Royal householdni
gh t.
sl Onee
upon the
or rather attempted to sleep, for six
largestonly re
isnt innsga-tp l ace
Edinburgh, he could
whichpro consisted at one of the
nsisted of three
very hard serpentined wooden-bottomed chairs. For
this species of " accommodation"
the modest Boniface the very
moderate
he was charged by
sum of only
half-a-sovereign per night. A
story is told of George
1., who, stopping to breakfast
one morning at a road-
side inn in Germany, was
charged a guinea for a
new-laid egg. The
,I,C Not
very naturally inquired if
eggs were scarce ?
Boniface, " but at all, your Majesty," re-
pliedulK.' g.; are .1,
The Scotch, no
doubt upon the same e
thing, from a mutt excellent princile caused every
on chop to a feather bed, to look: in the market during
the sudden
Royal visit to the land
oc'omcafkoersts, andto h
tatetri hutei sudden rise in creature
scarcity of a Queen north of the
Tweed.

FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE,
FOREIGN-OFFICE, SEPT. 21, 1842.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint the Right
Hon. Henry Ellis to proceed on an Extraordinary and
Special Mission to the Court of his Majesty the Em-
peror of Brazil.
FOREIGN-OFFICE, SEPT. 21.
It is hereby notified, that her Majesty's Principal Se-
cretary of State for Foreign Affairs has received a dis-
patch, dated the 21st of June last, from her Majesty's
Minister in Mexico, stating that, according to the latest
advices from Tampico and Vera Cruz, respectively of
the 10th and 16th of that month, no vessels had ap-
peared at either of those ports to enforce the blockade
proclaimed by the President of Texas on de 26th of
March preceding ; and it is also hereby notified, that her
Majesty's Principal Secretary of State has receive&
a further dispatch, dated the 21st of July last, from!
her Majesty's said Minister, stating that the latest
accounts from the Mexican ports do not mention the ap-
pearance of a blockading force on any part of the coast.
Hence, it appears that, down to the middle of July, no
real blockade had been established by the Government
of Texas, in pursuance of the declaration made by
them on the 26th of March,. and it is therefore hereby
further notified, that the blockade so declared on the 26th
of March, is held by her Majesty's Government to be
null and of no effect.
OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, SEPT. 22,
Erratum in the Gazette of the 20th instant--The com-
mission of. Capt. Mitchell, as Adjutant in the Royal
Regiment of Artillery, is dated the sth January, 1842,
instead of the 15th, as therein stated.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Sornersetshim
West Somerset Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry—T.
E. Clarke, Gent., to be Cornet, Sept. 7.
Commissions by the Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire.
Leicestershire Yeomanry Cavalry—Cornet H. C.
Woodcock to be Lieutenant, vice Pochen resigned, March
18 ; Cornet J. Philips to be Lieutenant, vice Wood. re-
signed, Aug. 15 ; J P. Mancott, Gent., to be Cornet,
vice Sinith resigned, April 15 ; F. smith, Gent., to be
Cornet, vice Philips, promoted, August 15.
Erratum in the Gazette of 6th instant. —The Queen's
Own Regiment of Worcestershire Yeomanry Cavalry.—
For Michael George Grazebrook, Gent., to be Cornet,
read Michael Phillips Grazebrook, Gent., to be Cornet.
DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY.
HENRY THOMAS HARRISON, hotel keeper,
Tavistock-row, Covent.garden.
BANKRUPTS.
JULIUS EWALD BEERBOHM and WILLIAM
EDMUND SLAUGHTER, merchants, Fenchurch-
street, to surrender C. t. 8, at twelve, and Nov. 4, at oxe
at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee
Basinghall-street ; Crowder and Maynard, Mansion-
house-place.
WILLIAM CHAPMAN and CHARLES MASON
WOODY ER, coal . merchants, Wapping, Sept. 29, at
one, and Nov. 4, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Green, official assignee, Aldermanbury ; Overton and
Hughes Old Jewry.
WILIJA BROCKSOPP, grocer, Iligh-street,
Southwark, Sept. 29, ut twelve, and Nov. 4, at eleven, at
the Court of Bankruptcy. Gibson, official assignee,
Basinghill-street ; Bennett and Bolding, Scot's-yard,
Cannon-street.
JOHN REID; chemist and druggist, King William-
street, City, Oct. 6, at one, and Nov. 4. at two, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, .
Basinghall-street ; .Smith, Basinghall-street.
JOHN JAMES ISELIN, merchant, St. Bennet's-
place, Gracechurch-street, Oct 6, at twelve, and Nov. 4,
at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official.
assignee, Basinghall-street ; Druce and Sens, Billiter-
square.
JONATHAN THOMPSON, dealer in paper hang-
ings, Oxford-street, London, Sept. 29, and Nov. 4, at
two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green. Alderman-
bury, official assignee ; Mayhew, Johnston, and May-
hew, Carey-street. Lincoln's Inn.
WEST HENRY PARKES, hosier' Birmingham,
Oct 6, at two, and Nov. 4, at one, at the Court of Bank-
ruptcy. Gibson, Ba.singhall-street, official assignee ;
Reed and Shaw, Friday-street, London.
SANDERS CHEW, flour and malt dealer, Clipston,
Northamptonshire, Oct. 8, at ten, and Nov. 4, at one,
at the Ram Hotel, Northampton. Andrews, Market
Harborough ; Bridges and _Mason, Red Lion-square,
London.