The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-21 00:00:00

make commodities cheap and plentiful, the latter
makes laws to keep them scarce and dear. The
shipowners have learned to make three voyages
where they only made two formerly, and Go-
vernment, by tariffs, protective duties, and pro-
hibitions, has given them less goods to carry.
The means of transport have been increased
without a corresponding increase of commodities
to be transported. What is the consequence?
" I understand," said Mr. COBDEN, at the Liver-
pool meeting on Friday, " that there are 70,000
tons of shipping in the Liverpool docks looking
for freight." "It is in contemplation," says the
New York Herald of October 31st, ",:to hold at
Boston a convention of ship-builders and owners,
and all connected with navigation, to take into
consideration the causes which have led to the
extraordinary depression in that important
branch of business." As an instance of the want
of employment, it is mentioned that " the noble
packet ship, the Roscius, came in the other day
with 500 dollars freight ; in 1830 she would
have had 10,000 dollars." On the one hand,
our Legislature makes Corn-laws, which prevent
American ships bringing corn here, and, on the
other, the American Congress passes a tariff
which prevents English ships carrying goods to
New York. It is impossible to find a more pal-
pable connexion of cause and effect than between
the restrictive regulations of the two countries
on their mutual interchange, and the idleness of
those ships and men who are the instruments of
making it. The laws of the too countries cause
the ruin of their respective people.
It becomes for us a serious question, How long
can this list? How long will the industrious
part of mankind suffer their best interests, their
happiness, and their morality for whoever
knew a decaying people to be moral—to be de-
stroyed by the ignorant and absurd legislation of
a set of idle and worthless landowners? The re-
verence of men for law in general will carry them
a great deal too far, if they continue to tolerate
such an enormous abuse. Because the prohibi-
tions of law are sometime the same as the prob.-
bitions of nature, and crimes which she forbids are
punished by the Magistrate, people clothe all
laws, however absurd, cruel, or iniquitous, with
the reverence which is justly due to those which
prohibit and punish crime. Thus the law which
stifles trade and commits many homicides, is s
much obeyed and honoured as the law which
prevents murder.
A Sunday paper before us, following, however,
in the wake of the Times, supplies a striking-- il-
lustration of this sort of perversion. Because the
law improperly punished the Scotch Reformers,
who were virtuous men, honestly intent on bet-
tering the condition of their countrymen, these
two journals, out of their reverence for the
law, jump to the conclusion that it would
be as proper to erect statues to TUR-
PIN or Sixteen-stringed Jack, as to these •
patriots. They did, it is true, what the law for-
bade, but what all good men in all ages have
applauded; the felons did what good men in all
ages have condemned. The acts of the latter
were crimes in themselves; the acts of the
former were only made offences by an erroneous
law, and when the public obtained information
enough to see the error of that law, their of-
fences instantly ceased, and they were properly
looked upon as martyrs to an error. Will
TURPIN and Sixteen-stringed Jack ever be
looked on as martyrs ? Do those who class these
felons with virtuous patriots so look on them ?
We do them the justice to answer, No. They
never will so look on them, and it is only a
foolish reverence for every absurd regulation
called a law, which so perverts their judgment
that they class virtuous patriots, the victims of
error, with common felons who were deservedly
punished.

be impossible for the monopolists much longer to
esist. The good cause is making a rapid pro-
gress, and a few more steady exertions before
he meeting of Parliament will insure success.
Honour to the League.

As the period for the assembling of Parlia-
ment approaches, the cry for " more Church" in-
creases in strength. The agents of the Church-
extension men have received their instructions,
and are maturing plans for extorting money from
the State, that is from the pockets of the people,
whether Catholics, Dissenters, or Churchmen, to
hand over to the richest ecclesiastical establish-
ment in the world. " It is the duty of the State,"
says one of their agents, " to come to the aid of
the Church, and to assist in meeting the general
demand for Church-extension. It is, and we say it
with profound respect and loyalty, the duty of the
QUEEN to receive such an intimation with delight,
and to prove her attachment to that Church of
which she is the temporal head, by a willing and
cordial co-operation in such a measure." The
impudence of these men is without a parallel.
While tens of thousands of her MAJESTY'S sub.
jects can barely find the means of subsistence,
while the Paisley and Glasgow weavers out of
employment arc living on a penny a day, and
others, ashamed to beg, are actually dying of
want, the QUEEN is called upon to prove her
attachment to the Church by increasing the
general distress for the aggrandisement of a
very small portion of the community. These
charitable Christians are still faithless and unbe-
lieving, and require something more than de-
vout and constant attention to religious duties
before they will regard her MAJESTY as a sincere
Protestant. They form, however, but a small
section of the people, and their disloyal and rude
language may be treated with contempt ; but
the demand for more money to enrich an over-
grown establishment must be met in a different
way. It must be proved, as the Duke of WEI:
LINGTON said, on a similar application being
made, that the funds of the Church are
duly applied for their original purpose, and are
found deficient, before one penny is taken from
the public treasury. Both these points can be
easily disproved. Looking at the revenues
of the Church, including tithes, church lands,
Offerings, and fees, in addition to those
for every religious rite and ceremony, the
total income cannot be less than eight
millions sterling a year, or about thirty
times the amount paid to the whole Church
Establishment in the North. Why, the Bishops
alone swallow up a revenue equal to the value of
all the stipends, manses, and glebes of the Intru-
sionists and Non-Intrusionists together, exceed-
ing twelve hundred men with six thousand sons
and daughters and wives to support. Could any
Bishop, even with the boldness that belongs to
his order, rise in the House of Lords and say that
eight million a year is not enough for England,
while Scotland can keep up a respectable and
useful establishment for three hundred thousand ?
And are seven millions of Catholics in Ireland,
and seven million Dissenters and Catholics in
England, who maintain their own religious esta-
blishments, to be taxed for the; mainte-
nance of a gorgeous and inefficient Church
Establishment. Its inefficiency is fully
admitted, even by these money-hunters
themselves. " A few years ago," says
the Church and State Gazette, " the Church was
little more than the edifice, the aisles, the
steeple, and the bell." Has the change which
lately took place been for the better? Now the
one-half is divided against the other, and
Popery is more admired than Protestantism.
Sir ROBERT PEEL, under such circumstances,
will be a bold man if he puts his hand into the
public purse and gives a million a year to a hete-
rogeneous Church half Protestant and half
Catholic.

We quote this as a sample of the perversion
against which it is now necessary to guard the
public. Because it is a law that there shall be
no direct corn trade with the United States, and
also a law that a murderer shall be punished, it
is erroneous to conclude that the former law,
which is cutting up commerce by the roots, and
consigning thousands of our people to want and
starvation, deserves to be obeyed and reverenced,
like the latter, which gives protection to life.

The intelligence from Madrid is to the 10th
instant. The Senate had held preparatory sit-
tings, Senor BECERRA in the chair, and about
sixty members being present. The commercial
treaty with Belgium, which Senor OLOZAGA had
concluded at Brussels, was to be submitted for
approbation of the Cortes.

-14 lie Peninsular mentions that an affray bad
taken place between the inhabitants of the small
towns of Zafagarra and Alllama, which finished
by the disarming of the National Guards of the
latter, by 200 militia and a detachment of troops
sect from Zafagarra.
The Castellano of the 10th announces that the
Government was preparing the basis of' a con-
cordat with the Holy See, to reconcile the exist-
ing differences. _

There is one leading characteristic of Corn-
law abolition, which we do not remember to have
sNm noticed, and which ought to recommend it
above most other reforms to the people. We
take it for granted that they are becoming, to
use the language of Mr. 'VINCENT, averse from
" man worship." They are tired of human idols,
having found them even more mischievous than
idols of wood and stone, and they do not want
any new masters.
When the French took it into their heads to
sweep away all their old constitutions, those
on whom they conferred power to accomplish
that became their masters. They took pos-
session of all the power which had been orga-
nised by the old institutions, and they became
more tyrannical than were the former masters of
the people. No person, we suppose, can deny
that DANTON, ROBESPIERRE, and BUONAPARTE,
had the lives and fortunes of the French more
absolutely in theirpower than the old BOURBONS
and the old aristo'eracy. •
We do not deny that it was necessary to get
rid of the old worm-eaten and corrupt institu-
tions, but if the people had possessed more poli-
tical knowledge and wisdom,. they would have
been careful not to put down those institutions
till they could have got rid of the thing and the
power as well as the name. They would have
allowed them to die out. Now, if we in England
were suddenly to establish complete or universal
suffrage, we should want some individuals to
carry that system into effect. We should be
compelled to place all the present powers of
Government, embracing all the corrupting pa.
tronage of the colonies, of the Church, of the
army and navy, in the hands of the leaders of
the complete suffrage, or the universal suffrage
movement. It would be impossible even to se-
t-) ara
Churchte flrvoi
utthpel a
ecioel ng
ethse,
paonwde r aobfo is h
effectingthe
those great changes, in opposition to the will
of a great portion of the people, in the
hands of sonic individuals. The destroyers
would want leaders, and those leaders would
be their new masters. But the people want an
extension of freedom, not a new set of masters,
and they would rather be governed by Sir R.
PEEL and the House of Peers, than by Ms,
FEARGUS O'CONNOR and the Executive Council
of the National Convention. Many men, seeing
no alternative between these, resolutely oppose
all reform, and sanction the continuance of ac-
knowledged abuses for fear of establishing some
greater tyranny.
Now, the characteristic of Cora-law abolition,
which should recommend it to the people, is,
that it will increase the power of no individual.
The Anti-Corn-law League will expire with the
abolition of the law. When the complete suf-
frage scheme succeeds, its leaders will be placed
in office, and we must substitute STURGE for
PEEL. The repeal of the Corn-law will make no
sack change. It will leave all parties to struggle
with each other just as 'at present, except that
it will, by removing a great weight from some,
make the struggle fairer. It will call no dema-
ogue into existence; it will require no MIRA-
BEAU or BONAPARTE, and yet it will be a great
extension of the liberty of all.
Some persons say the abolition of the Corn-
laws will increase the money power. This is an
error. The money power is a command over
food, and the more food is increased the more
the money power is diminished. The abolition
of the Corn-laws, by increasing- food, would give
SOITIC power and independence to the people.
It creates a new franchise, and it erects no
new idol. Freedom of trade, after freedom of
ccnscience, is the noblest freedom for which men
ever struggled.

The Three per Cents. were done at 22 at sixty
days; the Five per Cents. at 24 at sixty days;
and the floating debt of the Treasury at 44
for cash.

The Paris papers are generally destitute of in-
terest, if we except the bitter feeling displayed
against Belgium as well as England. The French
will do nothing themselves to promote national
intercourse with different countries, and when
their neighbours set them a good example, they
complain as if they had received an injury. The
appointment of a Consul for New Zealand by
the King of the BELGIANS, gives rise to the fol-
lowing remarks in the National:—

SI

RAILWAY SHARES.

"We find by the English journals that Queen
Victoria has approved of the appointment of Mr.
Charles White as Consul of the King of the Belgians
at New Zealand. The commercial interests of Bel-
gium at New Zealand are exceedingly limited, and
perhaps a Belgian vessel has never appeared in those
latitudes. It can only, therefore, be in the hope of
some day or other finding an opening for her manu-
factures, that Belgium, like England, spreads over all
parts of the globe agents charged with the task of
forming commercial relations with foreign populations,
of making their country known to them, and, in a word,
of following in the footsteps of those European nations
already in possession of manufacturing wealth.
Why do they not, in the interests of our merchants,
traders, and seamen, manifest greeter anxiety to esta-
blish rench agents in the South Seas, Australia, and
New Zealand ? Our whalers, forced to put into
English ports, and subjected to fiscal and annoying
disputes, are often ill- treated, and the interests of
shipowners have frequently suffered. Since the esta-
blishment of the little French colony at Akaroa,
French vessels have been more numerous there than
will ever be those of Belgium. During the year
1841 about 50 vessels have been at the port of Akaroa,
of which 40 were French, and in the first quarter of
1842, there have been 24, of which 16 were from
France. But this is not sufficient for the prosperity
of the colony and the security of our whale fishery.
The English strive unceasingly to exclude us from
those latitudes, and to preserve for themselves the
right of fishing not only in the bays and ports of New
Zealand, but also in the neighbouring islands. The
interests of our shipowners are, therefore, on the point
of being grievously compromised."

The meeting L. a t tverpool, on Friday, was of
he most animated and cheering description.
The account, which appears in another part of
The Sun, is well worthy of perusal, particularly
Mr. COBDEN'S speech. We believe with Mr.
"s who spoke onThursday, at Manches-
Leri,irhallNttE' he bulk of the intelligent population is
with the Cora-law abolitionists, and that it will

South Eastern and Dover (50 paid)..
Ditto Scrip (20 paid)

The Moniteur contains a report from the Mi-
nister of the Colonies to the KING
, on the state
portionof tlw gum trade
thetra population,d e a t S ene m
aSenegal. Therk ruin of th
able for their
devotedness to France, had occupied, says the
Report, the attention of former Ministers of the
Colonies, and the Governors of the colony had
been authorised to submit the traffic of gum to
certain exceptional measures tending to preserve
the agents from the wild competition existing
since 1838. As those measures, and particularly
the last, consisting of the formation of a Company
invested with certain privileges for the trade,
had excited loud complaints from the French
shir)owners and merchants, it was thought advis-
able to nominate a Commission to inquire into
the exact state of the trade, and after having
obtained all possible information on the subject
to suggest a remedy. This Committee had now
finished their inquiries, and proposed unani-
mously that the gum trade should be subjected
to regulations based on full liberty of barter, but
accompanied by important restrictions, in order
to repair the commercial disorders of late years,
and prevent their return.
BOURSE—Pants, TuURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents. 118 95... 119 ... 118 95... 119
41,4 per Cents 106 ... 106 ... 106 ... 106
Four per Cents 101 40... 101 40 .. 101 40... 101 40
3 per Cents 89 25... 80 25... 80 20... 80 25
Bank of France 3290 ...3290 ...3290 .. 3290
Laffitte Bank I,ooof 1050 ..1050 —.1050 ...1050
5,000 f 5075 —.5075 —.5070 ...5070
Belgian Fives 1031 1031 1034 ... 1034
1840 1043 ... 1044 ..• 1044 ••• 1041
Spanish Active 23g ... 23g ... 23/1 231
Portuguese Fives 324 321 824 -324
Dutch 21 per Cents 53i b 3 53i ... 53!
105 70;.; WS 50... 108 70... 108 80

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 21, 1842

St. Germain B2O 822 50... 820 ... 822 50
Versailles, LB 9O ... 90 ... 87 50... 90
R. B 266 25... 266 25... 265 25... 266 25
Rotten
Orleans. .
Strasburg to Bale 203 75... 205 ... 203 75... 203 75

ARRIVAL OF THE ROYAL WEST
INDIA STEAMER CLYDE.

FALMOUTH, Nov. 18, Eight A.M.—The Royal mail
steamer Clyde, Ewing, master, arrived at one A.M.,
bringing Mexican, Jamaica, and other West India
Island mails, this being the first boat by the new route.
Her dates of leaving are, from St. Thomas's Oct. 24,
Bermuda 2d, and from Fayal 12th inst. She has
brought fourteen passengers, and a small quantity of
specie on freight.
The Royal mail-steamer Tweed, brought the
Jamaica mails to St. Thomas's.

The Royal mail-steamer Solway, brought the
Mexican mails to Bermuda.

The Royal mail-steamer Forth, had arrived at St.
Thomas's on the 24th of October, with mails from
England.

The Clyde left the following Royal mail-steamers
at St. Thomas's :—The Teviot, Trent, Tweed, and
Forth.

Her Majesty's ship Rover, was at Bermuda on her
way to England, from the Gulph of Mexico, having
on board a large freight of silver.—Post.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
(From The Sun of Saturday Evening.) -
In the Liverpool Cotton Market the sales were good
yesterday, being 5,000 bales, at about previous rates.
For the Railway Shares the market was generally
firm. Eastern Counties were 84 ; Grand Junction,
160 ; South Western, 59i ; North Midland, 61; Paris
and Rouen, 23 ; and South Eastern, New, 17-i.
The West India Mails bring rather satisfactory
news from the different Islands. At Jamaica the pros-
pects are very promising for next year, and the ex-
ports this season have much exceeded those of last,
viz., by 13,321 hhds. of sugar, 3,850 puncheons of
rum, and 1,233 tierces of coffee. In Demerara mat-
ters had not improved.
The failure alluded to by some of our Morning
Contemporaries is a very minor affair in the seed
trade, and scarcely deserved mention. Another
party connected with Cornish mining speculations is
reported in difficulties.
The plain ribbon weavers of Coventry have effected
much good by their Association for the improvement
of their manufactures, and they have succeeded alike
in protecting the weavers, and giving all honourable
manufacturers fair play in the market. The first
Report gives the following gratifying statement
" Your Committee are happy to inform you that the
branches are in a prosperous condition, and, con-
sidering the depressed state of trade, surpass our most
sanguine expectations."
The Funds are very firm, but business is limited, as
usual on the closing day of the week. Consols for
present transfer have been marked 941 to 941, and for
Thursday next 94i also. Exchequer Bills continue
heavy, at 55 to 58 premium • India Bonds 51 53
premium. For Bank Stock there is only a trifling
demand, and the value is 169 to 170 ; .1\ ew Three-
and-a-Half per Cents. 1011 f, and Reduced Three per
Cents. 933 to 931.
The news from Mexico seems to be approved of,
especially as it is accompanied by a remittance for the
dividends, and the Active Bonds were worth 33i ;
Colombian Stock is steady at 214 ; Brazil nominally
is 65, and Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. realise
52i to 53k. The Five per Cent. Spanish Bonds are
dull at 184, and the Three per Cents. at 23. Portu-
guese New Five per Cents. obtain 381.
Railway Shares are steady. Brighton 144 dis-
count; Birmingham 94, and Great Western 19, and
South Western 181 premium. London and West-
minster Bank are 2/ premium.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 18.—
The market still remains quiet, with very little busi-
ness doing. New Eastern Counties are 10i and 101;
Manchester and Birmingham, 194 ; South Eastern
Scrip, 171 to 17i; North Unions, 65 to 66 ; London
and Birmingham, 183 to 184; Manchester Assu-
rance 9.

CLOSING PRICES.
BRITISH FUNDS.
Bank Stock
.170 India Stock ... —pm
3 per Cent. Red. ........ 83i Ditto Bonds ....... ..... —pm
3 per Cent. C0n5....
31 per Cent. Red-. Kul Ditto New Annuities...
New 311 per Cent... lOll Ex. Bills, 1,0001....2d. 58 pm
Ngis 5 per Cen!. — Ditto 5001._ .. .58 pm
Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small ...... 58 pm
Jan. 1860......... 12i Bank Stock for Acct.
Oct. 1859 ......... 12i India Stock for Acct... 262
Jan. lil6o 124 Consols for Acct....... 94a
FOREIGN FUNDS.
Austrian, 5 per cent.... Portuguese, 5 per cent.
Belgian, 5 per cent — Ditto, New Ditto 3lii
Brazilian Bonds... — Prussian, 5 per cent —
Buenos Ayres 6 per cent. --
Russian, 5 pen cent
Chilian 6 per cent 1- Ditto, Metallic ..... - .... _...
Colombian, 6 per rent - Spanish, 5 per cent
18i
Ditto, 1824 2IA Ditto, Deferred.... .
Cuba Bonds, 6 per cent 79 French, 5 per cent.ll4. 50e.
Danish, 3 per sent — Exchange —f —C.
Greek, 1825, 5 per cent. French, 3 percent --f. —c.
Mexican, 5 per cent..... Dutch, 21 per cent......, 53i
Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Ditto, 5 per cent. .. ... 1016-
Peruvian, 1825, 6 per et.
SHARES.
Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) -.
Ditto New Shares ( 5 paid) 4i
Great Western, (65 paid)
London and Brighton (50 paid)
London and Blackwall ( paid) ........•• 6
London and Birmingham (00) ...... .~.
Ditto Quarter Shares (25 paid) 484
Midland Counties Railway (100 paid)
Paris and Rouen (20 paid)

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
LATEST BETTING AT MANCHESTER.

DERBY.-84 to 1 agst A British Yeoman-20 to 1 agst
Winesour-22 to 1 agst Murat (taken and afterwards
offered)-35 to 1 agst Aristides-35 to 1 agst Progress
c-40 to 1 agst!Newcourt-40 to 1 agst Lucetta c-45
to 1 agst Napier-50 to 1 agst Laguish c— 50 to 1 agst
Cotherstone-50 to 1 agst Everton-50 to 1 agst Oxygen
colt (taken)-5 to 1 agst Scott's lot-14 to 1 agst Sir G.
Heathcote's lot. _ _

OAKS.--8 to 1 agst Maria Day-10 to 1 agst Lord
Westminster's Nomination (not lot, as stated by mis-
take in our last)-10 to 1 agst Wee Pet-25 to 1 agst
Testatrix.