The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-27 00:00:00

ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE
SOCIETY.
34, BRIDGE-STREET, BLACKFRIARS, LONDON.

Established 1823.
Empowered b) Act of Parliament, 3 William IV.
DIRECTORS.

The Right Hon. THOS. ERA N KLAND LEWIS, Chairman.
HENRY FRED. STEPHENSON, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
Lancelot Baugh Allen, Esq. Thomas Edgar, Esq.
Stei,hen Nicholas Barber, Esq. Sir Alex. Duff Gon-lon, Bart.
Henry Barnett. Esq. Archibald Hastie, Esq., M.P.
Robert Bithlulph, Esq. John Mendham, Esq.
Robert Davies, Esq. William Routh, Esq.

AUDITORS.
Faaneis Dumergue, Esq. I Charles Morris, Esq.
Capt. Robert Gordon, R.N. I John Gilliam Stillwell, Esq.
PHYSICIAN—J. Ayrton Paris, M.D., F.R.S., 27, Dover-street.
SURGEON—Benj. Travers, Esq., F.R. S., 12, Bruton-street.
SOLICITOR—Henry Young, Esq., 12, Essex-street, Strand.
ACTUARY—James John Downes, Esq., F. R. A. S.
SECRETARY—CampbeII James Downer, Esq.

LOWER RATES of PREMIUM than those of any other
Office that entitle the Assured to participate in tie Profits, as

Age... ...... I 5

V I *25 I 30 I 35 I 40 I 45 I 50

Annual v. d. £s.d. s. d s. .1 £s. s.d s. d.
Premium 110 N 1 14 711 .2 19 4 1112 19 93 11 914 8 0
per cent

The Bonus declared in 1834 amounted upon an average to
£l6 per cent. on the premiums then paid ; and in 1839 a se-
cond Bonus was deelared,amounting on the average to £3l per
cent. on the premiums paid during the preceding five years.
Prospectuses, and other Particulars, may be obtained at the
Office between the hours of Ten and r.ur, or will be forwarded
to persons resident in the country on application.
By order of the Board of Directors,
CAMPBELL JAMES DOWNER, Secretary.

PLATE.-T. COX SAVORY, Manufacturing
Silversmith, No. 47, Cornhill, London. seven doors from
Gracechurch-street. The best wrought FIDDLE PATTERN
SILVER SPOONS and FORKS, at 7s. 2d. per ounce. The
following are the weights recommended, but the articles may
be had lighter or heavier at the same price per oune,,
oz. s. d. A. s. d.
12 Ficl,lle Pattern Silver Table Spoons 10 at 7 2... 10 15 s
t 2 ditto Dessert ditto 20 7 2... 7 3 4
12 &tit) 'fable Forks 3O 7 2... 10 15 0
12 ditto Dessert ditto 20 7 2... 7 3 4
2 ditto Gravy Spoons lO 7 2... 311 8
1 ditto Soup Ladle lB 7 2... 311 S
5 ditto Sauce ditto. lO 7 P... :3 10 8
4 ditto Salt Spoons (gilt strong) 1 0 0
1 ditto Fish Slice
12 ditto Tea Spoons lO 7 8... 310 8
1 pair ditto Sugar Tongs (strong) Ol5 0
N. B A Price Current, stamped as a Newspaper, illustrated
oy drawings, and containing every information relative to the
purchase of silver or Sheffield plate, may be had on applica-
tion, or will be sent into the country, free of postage, in answer
to a paid letter.

CUTIOA
N TO FAMILIES.—The high repu-
tation, and consequently, great demaad, for the under-
mentioned Preparations, have excited the cupidity of some
SHOP-KEEPERS, of apparent respectability, but destitute
alike of honour and talent, who,' for the sake of gaining
a trifle more profit, basely attempt to impose their pernicious
compounds upon the Public as the real " MACASSAR
OIL " for the Hair, and " KALYDOR " for the Complexion;
they copy the bills and labels of the original articles, substi-
tuting either a FICTITIOUS NAME, or the word
" GENUINE" in the •,lace of " ROWLAND'S."

To frustrate suck imposition, it is necessary, on purchasing
either article, to see that the word " ROWL 1 ND'S" is on
the wrapper, as follows without which none are Genuine.

- -----
ROWLAND'S MACASSAR OIL,
Price 3s. 6d., is. ; or Family Bottles (containing four small),
10s. 6d. ; and double that size, 21s. per bottle.
s.4' To ensure the genuine article, the words " Rowland's
Maca sar Oil" are engraven on the back of the label nearly
1.500 times, containing 29,028 letters.
ROWLAND'S KALYDOR,
For the Skin and Complexion. Price 4s. 6d. and Bs. 6d.
per bottle.
A. ROWLAND & SON, 20, HATTON GARDEN,
LONDON, is written in red, on the .trappers of each, and
engraven on the Government Stamp affixed on the Kalydor.
Be sure to ask for " ROWLAND'S " Articles. Sold by
them, and by respectable Chemists and Perfumers.

BL AIR'S GOUT:Ind EU ‘IATIC PILLS
CASE FROM LUTON, BEDFORDSHIRE. COMMUNI.
CATED BY MR. PHILLIPS, CHEMIST AND DRUGGIUT.
TO MR PROUT, 2'9, STRAND, LONDON
Luton, Bedfordshire, Oct V), ISt I
feel desirous of expressing t you the great benefit which I
have received from he use of lair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills, I
have for several years been afflicted with Rheum Alssn and Gout,
attacks of which were excessively evere. During one of these pain.
ful visitations a kind friend presented me with a box of Blair's Pills,
from the use of which I found immediate relief, and very soon en.
tirely recovered. At a subsequent pe io • I was so severely attaeked
that i thought it would be unwise to delay placing myself under me-
dical care. I did so; but not finding the relief which I expected, I
again became my own physicia . At this time my legs and thighs
were swelled to a veryy great extent I immediately procu ed a box,
ofBlair's f. om Mr W. Phillips, your ..gent in thi, town, and after
taking wo doses I WAS free from pain, and the swelling subsided I
now netve fail to use them whenever I am attacked by this painful
=lad. , and they invariably give me relief after one or tr o doses
Several of my arquai..tances use them, and caper ien e the same re.
netit. I trust you will insert this among vour list of cases, as lam
anxious to bear witness :o the efficacy of this excellent medicine.
a.r., Sir, yours, respectfully,
Sugar Loaf, Loudon Road, Luton. it ICHA RD STONE.
The never-failing effects of t; LAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC
t'l LLS in curing every de crip. ion of Gout and Rheumatism, have
secured to them a c lebrity unequalled by any med sine of past or
present times 1 hey no: only give relief in a few hours, here the
patient has be n driven nearly to madness ny the excruciating
tortures of thi. disease, but restore 'o perfect li-alth in an incon.
benignr
ceivably short space of time. They are equally spoedy and certain in
ts
rheumatism, either chronic or acute, lumbago, sciatica, pains in the
tfact, s uch
medicine,h a s 1
thatieen it
hasra islpicsdrfaelclt
weahsoe 6avned
head or face, and Indeed for every rheumatic or' gouty afrection ; in
losfroi
is n to city, town, or •
in the kingdom, but contains many
grsaotelifiull,yevlihneonmeae:
influence
appoint-
ment by all respectab'e Medicine Venders' United
London; atncaodkmeh'iy:liehttiesa snadf esafety
there
t'f
throughout the
Kingdom. Price 2s. ltd perbox.
Ask for BLA R'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC I S and ob-
-1I L ,
rervethe name and address of " Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, Lon.
don," impressed upon the QevPrnment Stamp affixed to each -)0I of
the tipttgle Med44lol

PAPIER MACHE TEA TRAYS.—A set of
three Gothic-shape (including the largest size made),
for 42s ; three Gothic-shape japanned, 255. ; three Sandwich
shape, 155.; and every article in Furnishing Hardware, un-
usually low ; quality is here the primary consideration, hence
its uninterrupted success for 50 years, and its present celebrity
as one of the best and most extensive Furnishing Warehouses
in London.

TABLE KNI VES, Ivory handles, warranted, I Is. per doz. ;
Desserts 95., Carvers 4s. per pair. A stock of 200 sets to select
from, with balance handles, at 555., 605., and 70s. the long set
of fifty pieces—white, bone, and other handles, Ss. to 15s, the
24 pieces. Stag-handled Carvers, 3s. 6d. per pair.
The Establishments of C. WATSON (late ALDERMAN )
have tanked pre-eminent for 50 years for their superior Table
Cutlery. the whole of which is marked with his name and ad-
dress, and subject to exchange if not approved of.
C. W. sole inventor of the NEW ALBATA PLATE,
which is so rapidly superseding Silver. Exclusive Warehouses,
41 and 42, Barbican, and at 16, Norton Folgate. Established 1795.

SUPPOSED FELICITY of the POLY-
NESIANS in a STATE of NATURE.

No picture is more deceitful than that which exhi-
bits the supposed innocence and delights of savage
life. 'The child of nature is usually represented as
being free from every envy and all the factitious pas-
sions of civilised existence ; a stranger to covetousness
and ambition; happy in the enjoyments of those
around him ; content with his present lot, and having
no apprehension in regard to the future. Oppressed
by no care, burdened by no toil, tormented by no
restless desire, seldom visited by sickness, his wants
easily satisfied, his pleasures often recurring, the
Otaheitan was conceived to pass his days in uninter-
rupted felicity, under the magnificent sky of the
tropics, and amid scenes worthy of paradise. But a
closer view disclosed a very different state of things.
The lower classes were unmercifully plundered and
oppressed by their superiors ; domestic happiness, in
its proper sense, was unknown; the females were re-
duced to the greatest debasement, not being allowed
to partake of the same food with their husband and
brothers, and not even permitted to dress it at the
same fire, or place it in the same basket. It is fur-
ther asserted, that they were, generally speaking,
without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful, and
that, under the dominion of the worst of propensities,
they often acted more like fiends than human beings.
" That there should," says Forster, " exist so great a
degree of immorality in a nation, otherwise so happy
in its simplicity and in the fewness of its wants, is a
reflection very disgraceful to human nature in general,
which, viewed to its greatest disadvantage here, is
nevertheless imperfect." That this immorality did
exist is not denied by one of the most ardent admirers
of the Polynesians, who to the observation of a phi-
losopher could add the advantage of a repeated resi•
donee among them. 'True it is, that many who have
ceased to do evil, after the manner of their uncon-
verted countrymen, have not yet learned to do well,
to the full extent of their Christian obligations.
Where sins are gross and shameful, the first step is
more easily taken than the second; and hence the
missionary finds less opposition when he denounces a
flagrant iniquity than when he enjoins a needful virtue
or a becoming grace. Those who read with attention
the Epistles of St. Paul to his converts, in the most
refined parts of the Roman empire, will perceive that,
though they had abjured the abominations of heathen-
ism and the useless ceremonies of the Mosaical law,
their conduct did not, in all cases, throw a suitable
light on the purer principles which they had openly
professed. The fifth and sixth chapters of his first
letter to the Corinthians prove but too clearly that the
licentiousness of pagan manners did not yield, all at
once, to the holy precepts of the Gospel, nor to the
instructive example of its self-denied teachers.—
Edinburgh Cabinet Library,No. XXXIII. Polynesia.

RE-OPENING of the ROCHDALE CANAL.—We are
glad to learn, that in consequence of the rain which
has recently fallen, the Rochdale Canal, which, as we
announced, had been stopped for want of water, is now
re-opened for traffic.—Manchester Paper.
In a proclamation of the Emperor of China, called
forth a few years since by the troublesome increase of
appeals from the provinces, his Celestial Majesty en-
joined "strict search to be made to discover all law-
suit-exciting blackguards, and when found to punish
them severoly."

MY LORD,-It is with unusual satisfaction that the
Committee of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery
Society (widely as they have differed frOm your Lord-
ship on some not unimportant questions) feel them-
selves called upon publicly to record their high sense
of the eminent services you have rendei ed to the anti-
slavery cause, when occupying the distinguished office
of Foreign Secretary under the late Government; and
to tender to you, in behalf of the great body of aboli-
tionists they represent, and of the suffering millions
of the human race now held in bondage, the tribute of
their sincere respect and gratitude.
Amidst the exciting conflicts of party, and the la-
borious engagements of your high office, your Lord-
ship was not unmindful of the wrongs of Africa, nor
of the claim which her enslaved children have. on the
sympathy and -assistance of this great-country. The
recent papers relative to the slave-trade presented to
both Houses of Parliament by her Majesty's com-
mand, are a monument of the great ability, the untir-
ing industry, and the generous zeal displayed by you
in the cause of human freedom and happiness.
From those papers, the Committee learn that your
Lordship recognised and affirmed the great principle,
that no British:functionary of any class, residing in
countries where slavery and the slave trade exist,
should either hold or hire slaves for any purpose
whatever ; and, that, in order to secure the practical
operation of this principle, a circular dispatch was
addressed by your Lordship to all such functionaries,
intimating it to be the wish of her Majesty's Govern-
ment that they should act in strict accordance with
this principle. The issuing of such instructions, and
the attitude of British functionaries acting agreeably
to them, must exert a powerful moral influence, and
operate as a standing testimony, on the part of Great
Britain, against the atrocious system of slavery
wherever it exists. How necessary those instructions
were, and how beneficial they have been in their re-
sults, may be evinced by an extract from a commu-
nication addressed to your Lordship by her Majesty's
late Consul at Havannah, datedthe Ist of December,

1840 :—" I cannot close this despatch without the
re-
spectful tender of my heartfelt congratulations on the
vast amount of good already achieved by the simple
expression of the wishes of the Government. In
your Lordship's hands the sentiments expressed by
the general Anti- slavery Convention have not been
barren or unfruitful. At the period of my arrival in
this country, a few weeks ago, it is a matter of no-
toriety that there was not a single officer holding an
appointment under the British Crown, and resident
in the island, who was entirely free from the charge of
countenancing the practice of slavery. A week had
not elapsed after the arrival of your Lordship's cir-
cular dispatch, when a series of advertisements ap-
peared in the public papers, in the name of one of
the Commissioners, offering specific wages to servants
of free condition, and at this moment, I rejoice to say,
there is not a single British officer residing within
my Consular jurisdiction, who either has not relin-
quished, or is not at least:preparing to relinquish, this
odious practice."
Nor has your Lordship confined the application of
this principle to British functionaries. In another
circular to her Majesty's Representatives at foreign
Courts, you have instructed them to urge upon the
Governments to which they are accredited, its adop-•
tion by their agents abroad; and the Committee are
gratified to find that this measure has been attended
with great success. The combined action of the
Powers of Europe, thus brought to bear through the
medium of their Representatives; upon the institution
of slavery, must have a direct and important influ-
ence on the Governments which yet sanction it and
its fearful adjunct, the slave-trade. Whilst the Corn-
'mittee are gratified generally with the terms in which
those of her Majesty's Allies who have given in their
adhesion to the principle advocated by your Lord-
ship, have expressed themselves; they are parti-
cularly so with the views of the Mexican
(government, communicated to the British
Minister at Mexico, on the 16th August, 1841:—.
" You may assure her Majesty's Government, that
his Excellency the President of the Republic, before
whom I have laid your note, entirely agreeing with
their sentiments, and influenced by a full conviction
that the unjust and barbarous traffic in slaves is as
repugnant to morality as it h scandalous to humanity
and civilization, has not contented himself with
merely accepting and following up
by causing instructions similar to those contained in
the above-mentioned circular to be addressed to our
extend its effects as far as is in his
agents abroad ; but has also thought it expedient to
power,
y invitation,directing
that such agents, whenever the occasion presents it-
self, shall use their advocacy with the Governments
and authorities of the country
where they reside,
with the same zeal in behalf of the slaves as they
would for their countrymen, in fulfilment of their
duty, and in as far as is compatible with the exercise
of their functions."
The Committee also observed that, your Lordship
recognised and affirmed the principle, that British
functionaries in slave-holding countries should repre-
sent the well-known views and feelings of the Go-
vernment country on the subject
o f slavery andao -d peopleth e
sloafv
et_ht
ri sa d e
In the discussions
with the Spanish Government, relative to the removal
of the late Consul in Cuba, on the ground of his
anti-slavery principles, you not only intimated to the
Spanish Minister, " that the doctrines and opinions
said to be entertained by Mr. Turnbull are so unani-
mously shared by the whole British nation, from the
highest to the lowest, that it would be scarcely
possible for her Majesty's Government to find
within the United Kingdom any person who,
by his education and attainments, was fitted
for the post of Consul at the Havannah, who did
not entertain upon the slave-trade and upon slavery
the very same opinions which are ascribed to Mr.
Turnbull ;" hut, referring to Mr. Turnbull's work
on the Spanish colonies, against which the Spanish
Government had taken exception, you said :—" So
far was her Majesty's Government from thinking that
those opinions do render Mr. Turnbull unfit for the
situations of Consul and Superintendent of liberated
Africans in Cuba, that it was precisely the book he
wrote, and the well-known sincerity and earnestness
of his opinions, that pointed him out to her Majesty's
Government as a fit person to hold those appoint-
ments." But your Lordship was not content with
these intimations of the motives which influenced the
Government in the appointment of that gentleman.
You further stated, that "if the exequatur were to
be withdrawn from Mr. Turnbull as Consul, he would
nevertheless continue to hold his commission as Super-
intendent of liberated Africans, an office which is not
subject to any instrument of confirmation by the Spa-
nish Crown, and even if Mr. Turnbull were to be
withdrawn from Cuba in both capacities, it would be
the duty of her Majesty's Government to select as his
successor some other person holding the same opi-
nions, and animated as nearly as possible with the
same zeal and activity in the performance of his
duties ; so that nothing would be gained for the Cuba
slave-traders by the removal of Mr. Turnbull." Your
Lordship thus identified the anti-slavery cause with
the policy of the Government, and showed to the
world that a British statesman is as tenacious of the
dignity and honour of his country where the general
interests of humanity and freedom are concerned, as
he is jealous of them in its own peculiar relations
with foreign States.
The Committee further perceive, that previously to
quitting office you not only took a deep interest in the
freedom of the emancipados in Cuba, but adopted a
plan for securing to these unhappy persons the rights
secured to them by the Spanish laws, and by the
slave-trade treaties under which they had been libe-
rated from bondage, but (as is well known) only to
be enslaved to gratify the cupidity of the Spanish
authorities, and to demonstrate (if additional proof
were necessary) the bad faith of the Spanish Govern-
ment. Recognising the right of these deeply injured
people to the protection of the British Government,
you instructed her Majesty's Minister at Madrid thus
to address the Spanish Cabinet :--" You will in con-
clusion state, that the British Government demand as
a right from the Spanish Government, the immediate
freedom of all the negroes who have been emancipated
in Cuba by sentence of the Mixed Commission, since
the treaty of 1817, but who appear hitherto to have
been retained in practical slavery by the authorities
of Cuba in direct violation of engagements
with the British Crown." Your Lordship added :
" Her Majesty's Government cannot allow themselves
to believe that, when the Cabinet of Madrid 'shall see,
a 5 is proposed by this correspondence, that the

treaty with Great Britain has in this matter been
set at nought ; that the faith of the Spanish Crown
has been broken ; that its engagements have been de-
liberately and systematically, and daring a long course
of time, violated ; and that this has been done for the
illegal profit of those public officers whose duty it
was to have carried the treaty into execution : Inr
Majesty's Government cannot V doubt that, when the
Cabinet of Madrid shall see all this, it will hasten to
redeem the honour of the Spanish Crown by imme-
diately putting an end to these monstrous abuses. As
it is evident," you further observe, " that these eman-
cipated negroes cannot hope for security from oppres-
sion, so long as they remain in Cuba, her Majesty's
Government therefore demand that they shall be
brought before the Mixed Commission, according to
the lists deposited in the archives of the Commission,
and that they shall then, if they wish it, be handed
over to the Superintendent of liberated Africans, to
be by him sent to a British colony, where they would
by law as well as by treaty be free." Thus did your
Lordship, the Committee trust, lay the foundation for
securing the future liberty and prosperity of a class of
Africans, whose hard fate has long excited the com-
miseration of the abolitionists of this country.
But, my Lord, eminent as are the services you ren-
dered to the sacred cause of freedom in the particulars
to which reference has been made, it is chiefly to the
course which you pursued in relation to the multi-
tudes of wretched Africans who have been illicitly in-
troduced into Brazil - and the Spanish colonies, con-
trary to the municipal laws of these countries, and
the faith of treaties with the British Government, that
the Committee now refer. That course is worthy of
the country to which we belong, and is sanctioned
alike by the principles of justice, humanity, and re-
ligion, the laws and institutions of Spain and Brazil,
and the solemn obligations of treaties. Your Lord-
ship demanded in the name of the British Govern-
ment and nation, the liberation from slavery of all
Africans who have been unlawfully introduced into
the Spaniah colonies, in contravention both of law
and treaty ; and instructed the British Minister at
Madrid, to negotiate a treaty for the constitution of a
proper tribunal for carrying the requisition into effect.
It is sufficient to refer to the draft of the treaty to
show that it is as comprehensive in detail, as it is just
in principle. What its ultimate effect may be will
greatly depend on the firmness of your Lordship's
successor in office, who, they trust, animated
by the same spirit, will complete the great
work which you have so nobly begun. Re-
ferring to the steps you were reported to have taken,
the Commissioners at Havannah, in a dispatch, dated
15th September 1841, thus announce the effect pro-
duced by thtm :—" A very considerable excitement
has prevailed here during the past month, in conse-
quence of information received that your Lordship had
demanded of the Spanish Government the liberation of
all slaves introduced into the island since the year
1820. So righteous a measure must be hailed with
the utmost gratification by all who wish the happiness
of the human race, and would go far to efface slavery
itself from this country. The proposition has roused
every individual here to a sense of the evil conse-
quences attending the further prosecution of the trade,
and, if it has no other effect than that of stopping those
continued malpractices, we should receive it with the
utmost satisfaction." _ . .. .

Nor is this all. Anxious to extend the blessings
of freedom in whatever countries the Government of
England may be supposed to possess influence, you
instructed her Majesty's representatives at the Persian
and Ottoman Courts to exert themselves to secure this
great end. In your communication to the British
Minister in Persia, you say : " You will accordingly
take an early opportunity of expressing to the Shah
of Persia the strong desire which is felt in this matter
by her Majesty's Government, and you will represent
to him that he would he doing a thing ex-
tremely acceptable to the British Govern-
ment and nation, if he would issue a decree, pro-
hibiting the future importation of slaves of any kind
into Persia, and making it penal for a Persian to pur-
chase slaves." These instructions, my Lord, whilst
they do you honour and cannot fail to be acceptable to
all classes of your countrymen, are in perfect accord-
ance with the Mussulman law; and, if followed up
with " steady perseverance, and by never omitting to
take advantage of favourable opportunities to press
upon Mohammedan rulers the wishes of the British
Government on these points," as your. Lordship so
strongly recommends, cannot fail, under the Divine
blessing, of being ultimately successful in securing
liberty to the slave population of the East.
In what your Lordship has thus done to pro-
mote that great cause to which the Committee are de-
voted, they find the justification of the step they
have now taken, in respectfully presenting to you
their cordial thanks for the great principles you have
enunciated, and the course you have pursued in your
official intercourse with foreign States ; and they ex-
press their earnest hope that, whether in or out of
office, your Lordship's great abilities and influence
will continue to be exerted in the overthrow of sla-
very, the establishment of freedom, and the promotion
of the civilization and happiness of every portion of
mankind. On behalf of the Committee,

(Signed) JOHN SCOBLE, Secretary.
27, New Broad•street, Sept. 30, 1842.

LORD PALMERSTON'S REPLY.

GENTLEMEN,-1 feel highly gratified and flattered
by the address which you have done me the honour
to present to me ; and this proof of your good opinion
is the more valuable to me, because it comes at a time
when I have ceased to have any official power to as-
sist you in the attainment of those great ends, which
form the object of the Association of which you are
the organ.
You do me but justice in believing, that I take the
deepest interest in everything that can tend finally to
extinguish the slave-trade, and to abolish all over the
world, the condition of slavery.
The official situation which I lately filled, and
which I held for ten years, gave me great means for
labouring to promote the abolition of the slave-trade.
I employed those means to the best of my ability ;
and although during the whole of the period that I
was Secretary of State, I was engaged in conjunction
with foreign Governments in political transactions of
great moment, requiring intense application, and the
most assiduous devotion of time and attention ; yet 1
never lost sight of those important matters which you
have so much at heart.

I am afraid that it is impossible to hope that the
slave-trade can be entirely, or at least permanently
abolished, until the condition of slavery shall itself
have ceased to exist, because so long as slavery anywhere
prevails, there will be a great temptation held out to
unprincipled men to carry on that criminal traffic.
But, nevertheless, if all the Governments of Christen-
dom would sincerely combine to hinder their own
subjects and citizens from carrying on the slave-trade,
and would also agree to an interchange of assistance
to prevent their respective laws against slave-trade
exsb,ythat land,ra andde an active
from being violated, I verily believe, the slave-trade
might be reduced to an amount infinitely small as
compared with its present extent ; and that so long
as due
imlancnet
was
i
aned on executed
te d
ea
almost entirely suppressed...
policewasvg maintained

It was, therefore, an object of unceasing solici-
tude on the part of the Government to which I had
the honour to belong, to multiply, as much as possi-
ble, treaties with foreign States, for the concession of
a mutual right of search for the suppression of the
slave-trade ; and we had the great satisfaction of
being able to conclude a considerable number of fresh
treaties of that kind ; and to introduce into those trea-
ties such amended stipulations as experience had shown
to be essential for the attainment of their object.
It is no doubt true, as has been asserted by some,
that the very measures which have been adopted for
the suppression of the slave-trade, have aggravated
the sufferings of those negroes, who, in spite of all
our endeavours, have been annually carried off from
the coast of Africa ; because our measures have driven
the slave-traders to resort to all those contrivances for
dispatch and concealment, which necessarily belong
to an illicit trade, and those contrivances inevitably
increase the misery of those wretched Africans who
are the victims of them. But this circumstance, So
far from being a reason for relaxing our efforts, ought
rather to Stimulate us to increase them, because if we
could altogether prevent the trade, these sufferings
would altogether cease with it. Now, there can be
no doubt that the measures which Great Britain has-
for many years past taken for the abolition of her own
slave-trade, and for the extirpation of the slave-tr ide
of other nations, have greatly narrowed the extent
to which the slave-trade would otherwise have been
carried.
It is possible, as some persons have thought, that
the number of negroes now annually carried across
the Atlantic, may be clual to the number that were
so carried at the time when Great Britain first took
this, great matter in hand; but to judge of the effect
of our preventive efforts, we must compare the num-
ber of slaves now clandestinely carried over, in spite
of all the vigilarce and efforts 'of our cruizers, with
the number that would be so carried if no obstruc-
tion were offered to the trade, and if, on the contrary,
it were a remitted trade end free. And wo lust