The Sun.
London, England, 1842-09-12 00:00:00

made into homespun, and sends four bushels of wheat
to the miller in exchange for the flour of three
bushels ; and their foreign trade must Le limited
strictly to the bringing back into the count] y of the
net price of as much of their produce as they can
find a market for.
" There is everywhere a superabundance of natural
productions—wheat, Indian corn, pork, beef, and lum-
ber; and yet the people in the agricultural districts are
?very where wretchedlypoor, as respects the power either
of paying old debts or purchasing new commodities.
There is a positive glut of provisions of all kinds—the
armers find their stores and the wharfs of the inland
ports loaded with their produce, for which in the inte-
rior they can absolutely obtain nothing in money.
The reason of this is, that having already oversup-
plied the New Orleans and New York home demand,
they have reduced the prices so low, that the expense
of transport for so many hundred miles, an expense
which remains nearly fixed, swallows up the whole of
the price. In this state of things, having glutted the
heme market, and finding it very difficult to force an
nereased e.xport trade to take off the surplus, the
Western farmers have brought home directly to them
the truth that their power either of paying old debts,
or obtaining new supplies, their wealth in fact, is
;:xactly in proportion to the extent to which they can
secure purchasers for their produce. And now the
Yankees seize upon them, explain to them that Great
Britain will not take their produce, that other nations
cannot to a much greater extent than at present,
that the home market supplied by the manufacturing
population of the United States is the only one on
which they can rely, as this population must obtain
ill its provisions from them, and will always purchase
just as much as their consumption of its manuthc-
tures will enable them to pay for; that, in short, it is
better for them to pay a higher price for goods to the
New England manufacturers, who, by consuming
their produce, will enable them to pay for them, than
to buy cheaper goods from Great Britain, but have no
funds to pay for them at any price.
" One cannot spend any time in this country, with-
out being struck with its peculiar and unexampled
advantages as a market for our manufactures of all

fifteen men constahtly employed on an average fur
seven xears."

-----
THE LATE DEAN OF WESTMINSTER.—The ReN .
Dr. Carlton and the Rev. W. Bentinck administer the
affairs of the deanery until the appointment of Dr. Ire-
land's suceessor. The deanery is the most valuable in
the Church.

kinds—and feeling that the capabilities of this market

must afford the only satisfactory answer to the great
question, llow is Great Britain to keep up the steadily
increasing export trade which the accumulation of
capital and increase of its manufacturing population
render necessary both to its prosperity and tranquil-
lity, while the Continent is closing itself more and
more against her, those countries of Europe from whom

at present we make up our deficient supply of food, refuse
to take our goods in exchange, and the other quarters
of the globe are too poor and uncivilised, or at all
events too distant to afford an adequate compensa-
tion. The peculiar advantages of the American
market are most striking just now, because both
nations are complaining of distress almost equally ;
and, on examining the nature of this distress in

I,3":ri;Legi,

each, you find that it arises from opposite causes
in the two countries, and that, throwing down the
barriers between them, the causes of distress in the
one would cure the distress of the other. Distress
in England, Scotland, and Ireland, of which I see

the debates in Parliament and the newspapers are
full, means that there is a want of a market for our
manufactures, and of food for our labouring classes.
Here the distress, the complete suspension and pros-
tration, with which every one entertains you, and
which is the one topic of every speaker, writer, and
talker, means that there is a glut of all kinds of pro-
visions, and that, not being able to find a market for
these, the people can neither pay their debts (owing
in great part to us), nor buy any new coats, gowns,
&c. ; and so have to stand still among piles of flour,
pork, corn, &c., wearing out their old clothes, and
only busying themselves with contriving stop laws in
public, and taking the benefit of the bankrupt law in-
dividually by hundreds.
" One great advantage of the United States as a
market for our manufactures, is the great 'power of
consumption of the population, and their readiness to
consume such goods as we export to the full extent
of that power. In a country where wages are a dol-
lar per a day, and food at the same time cheap, the
proportion which remains to buy other articles i 3
large, and one American working man will purchase
more broad cloth, prints, crockery, hardware, &c. &c.,
than twenty southern slaves, or East Indian coollies,
or Polish serfs. Then the whole population are fond
of spending what they earn. The United States never
accumulate specie; never leave any of the proceeds of
their exports abroad in foreign investments; whatever
they realise or borrow from us they are sure to bring
home in purchases. Another great advantage of their
market to us is, that we may rely on retaining posses-
sion of it ; overpowering the competition of the native
manufactures for a long time to come. - Then the de-
mand of the United States for our manufactures is
not like that of au old Continental nation—stationary,
or nearly so. It goes on increasing with the increase
of population, which is still more rapid than than that
of our manufacturing class. Then the institutions
and character of the nation are such, that we may
rely on their always continuing to trade with us,
so long and as far as we enable them to do so, and
make it their interest. In Europe, a war may at any
time put a stop to our trade with any country, and
political considerations will often induce one of the ab-
solute continental Governments to pursue a course
hostile to our commerce, though it may be known to
be injurious to the national interests of their subjects.
But with respect to the United States, it will be our
own fault if we ever get involved in a war, or at least
if we exasperate the people sufficiently to make them
persevere in it after they have felt the stoppage of their
trade and the drain of the war taxes on their pockets ;
and no consideration of patriotism, respect for the
Union, nor any other, will ever persuade a Yankee to
pay a higher price for goods than is necessary, or to
forego a market for his produce, if it is in his power to
open one. Offer to the IVestern States reciprocal free
trade for their provisions and our goods, and they
would undertake to get rid of any duty at all on our
goods, either by dissolving the Union, seizing on the
waste lands for themselves to begin with, or by voting
in a body for Van Buren's next election, whichever
might be found the most convenient course."

PRECAUTIONS IN THE << DUSTY

TRADES."

(From the Report on the Sanitary Condition of tho
Labouring Population of Great Britain.)
In some of the " dusty trades," the excessive
amount of premature mortality is so great as to jus-
tify interference, defensively, as against the charges
which, from the neglect of sanitary measures, fill
neither upon the employer nor upon the consumer,
who directly benefit by the produce of the industry,
but upon rate-payers, to whom the manufactory itself
may be a nuisance. In the instance of such trades,
personal cleanliness is so far requisite as to justify an
additional rate of insurance where it is neglected.
Yet the regulations preventive of disease are by no
means onerous, either in their cost or their interfe-

'ence with the processes. Some of the noxious ma-
wfactures, and especially those in lead, have been the
subject of examination by the " Conseil de Salubrite
of Paris," and the preventive rules they prescribed
were as follows :-1. The establishment of a good
ventilation in the workshops or manufactories. 2. Ex-
acting from the workpeople close attention to personal
cleanliness ; obliging them to wash the hands and face
before dining, and before leaving the workshop; for-
bidding them taking any of their meals in the work-
shop, and, by reasoning and information, directing
their attention to the dangers by which they are
surrounded. 3. Employing the practicable means for
conducting the processes so as to raise the least dust
possible. 4. Boarding off the mills and sieves, so as
to prevent the escape of the smaller particles. 5. Re-
quiring of the workmen engaged in the processes
where there is lead- dust, or any other injurious dust
suspended in the air, that they cover the nose and
mouth with a handkerchief slightly moistened.
6. Subjecting the workshop to occasional medical in-
spection, in order to prevent the intensity of any
ma-
ladies that break out, and with that view, to •
the workmen from time to time, to detect any sexarne
toms of disease, and to oblige the workmen attii'cnkliPA-
to abstain from work until the medical officer declares
that he may resume it without inconvenience.
7. Obliging workmen to wear frocks or blouses, which
they should leave in the workshop when they quit
work ; and these blouses should from time to time be
washed. 8. Sending away from the workshop every
workman who gives himself up to debauchery or
drunkenness. 9. Endeavouring to get the workmen
(1. e. workers in lead) to form the habit of drinking
every day, on leaving the workshop, a little hydro-
sulphuretted water, to neutralize the effects of the lead
that may have been taken into the stomach.
All these regulations, with the medical attendance
for the purpose of prevention, would be greatly be-
low any charge of insurance to the individual work,
man for procuring medical attendance and remedies
when thrown out of work by sickness.
In some of the trades, scattered instances of atten-
tion to cleanliness and measures of prevention are
found—for example, amongst the journeymen painters.
In answer to a question put by Dr. Mitchell to Mr.
Tomlins, the clerk to the Painters' Company, whether
painters suffer so much as formerly from the disease
to which they are peculiarly liable the clerk says—
" Not so much as formerly. Tills has been ascer-
tained by a charity administered at Painters' Hall to
men labouring under sickness. Formerly they would
throw their clothes on their beds and go to their meals
without washing their hands. A large proportion of
the journeymen now carry a working-dress to their
job with them, and when they quit work at night
they exchange and put on clean clothes which are free
from paint. This applies more particularly to the
westward of Temple-bar. One master painter of my
acquaintance, Mr. Thornton, of Doctors'-commons,
keeps a pail of solution of potash in his shop, in which
the men wash their hands, and which takes off every
particle of paint ; and it is worthy of remark that
only two men in twenty years have been afflicted
with paralysis in his employ. This is taken from

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 12, 1842

•-s1;;/
, 4%)(

GENERAL RAILWAY INFORMATION.

In the following Tables M signifies before Noon, an,
E qfter it.

GREAT WESTERN.
OPEN TO TAUNTON.
STATIONS, with their Distances from Paddington.
PADDINGTON, Eal;ng si, Hanwell 7,1, Southall 9, West
Drayton 13, SLOUGH 18, tilainExuxan Twyford 303,
READING 353, Pangbourne 41*, Goring 44/, Wallingford
Road 471, STEVENTON 58A, Farringdon Road 634, Shriven-
ham 713, SWINDON 77 (Junction with the Cheltenham Rail-
way), WOOTON BASSET 823, CHIPPENIIAM 934, Corsham
96*, Box 1913, BATH 1063, Tiverton 108*, Saltforti 111 i,
Keynsham 113 i, BRISTOL 118*, Nailsea 126*, Clevedon Road
130*, Banwelt 1333, WESTON SUPER MERE 1364, High-
- I bridge 1454, BRIDGEWATER 151:1, TAUNTON 1623.
A .7ival
DOWN TRAINS Arrival at
their

Departure Arrival at Arrival at
DOWN TRAINS from Swindon their
Daily, except Sundays. Paddington. Junction. Destination.
Goods Train to Taunton .... 430 M 10 0 M 855 E
To Taunton
Ditto . 8 0 10 45 220
Short Train to Maidenhead 9 0
MAIL, to Taunton • ...... ... 10 15 1 0 E 410 E
Short Train to Maidenhead 11 0
To Taunton ................... 12 Noon 2 58 6 35 E
Short Train to Slough
To Taunton . .................. 2OE 450 855
Short Train to Reading* .... 4 0
Short Train to Slough. 430 ...
To Bristol
Short Ti ain to Maidenhead 530
To Swindon
MAIL, to Taunton
Goods Train to Taunton
SUNDAY DONN N TR AIN'S
Short Train to Slough
To Reading
Short' Train to Slough 9 30
MAIL, to Taunton . ..... ... 10 15 1 0 E 430 E
To Taunton
Short Train to V aidenhead 5 0 , 6 0
To Swindon 7 0 110 0
MAIL, to Taunton - 2 55M
UP TRAINS Time Leave i Arrival
Daily, except Sunda of Swindon , at
ys. Starting. Junction. Paddington.
Short Train from Reading.. 730 M ... ...... .. 855 M
Ditto from Slough I 9 0
From Swindon
From Bristol
Short Tr. from Maidenhead 11 15
MAIL, from Bristol ..... ... 840 110 28 110 •
Short Tr. from. Maidenhead 145 E
Goods Train from Taunton.. 730 M 540 E 12 0
From Taunton
Ditto
Short Train from Slough
From Taunton 12 30 E 420 7 5
Short Tr. from Maidenhead 3 0 . 9 0
From Taunton
MAIL, from Taunton
Goods Train from Taunton 630 E 240 740
SUNDAY UP TRAINS.
Short Train from Slough
From Swindon
MAIL, from Taunton
Short Train from Slough
From Taunton ... l2 30 420 E 720
Short Tr. from Maidenhead 730
Ditto from Reading.... 9 0
MAIL, from Taunton ........ 11 15 235 M 525 31
The Short Trains stop at all the intervening Stations.

SOUTH

STATIONS, with thei
NINE Elm., Wandsworth
Esher and Hampton Court 1
WOKING 23, Farnborou4h
STOKE 46, Andover Road 66
(Gosport Junction) 72, Sou.
ham 82, GOSPORT V 7.

WESTERN.
it Distances from Nine Elms.
3, Wimbledon 6, KINGSTON 10,
3, Walton 15i, Weybridge 17k,
Winehfield 38, BASING-
', WINCHESTER 64, Bishopstoke
rTHAIIPTON 77, Bottley 77, Fare-

Departure Arrival at Arrival
DOWN TRAINS. lrom Southamp. at
Nine Elms. ton. Gosport.
Mixed Train 705110'5M 10 30 51 Ditto ••• .. 0 12 50 E 1I E Fast Train„.. ........ 11 0 2 0 2 2.,
Goods Train
Nixed Train lO E 450 5 0
Fast Tram 3 0 6 0 6 ‘;5
Mixed Train ......... 5 0 8 30 9 0
Mau. ....... 8 '2O II ,7; I':. 33 AI
.
Goods Train ......
10 0 4 0 M 5 0
SUNDAYS.
Mixed Train lO 051 145 E 210 E
Ditto
MAIL
Short Trains to Woking at 104 Morning, and at 24, 44, and 5%
Evening, calling at intervening stations, and performing the journey
in an hour and ten minutes. Sundays at a 4 ill, and at 24 and 74 E
Del arture i Departure Arrival
UP TRAINS. from from South.
at
_____
Gosport. amptxn. Nine Elms.
----- _ -- -___
MAIL i ias AI 215 51 525 M
Mixed Train 6 SO 7 0 10 3.
Goods Train
Mixed Train 8 :30 9 0 12 30
Fast Train lO 30 11 , 0 2 0
Mixed Train l2 30 E 1 0 E 430
Fast Tr4in
Mixed Train 5 30 6 0 • 9 15
Goods Trani
SUNDAYS.
MAIL
Mixed Train
Ditto I 430 E 5 0 E 845
Short Trains loave Waking daily at 73A M, 14, 5,1/4i, and 74 E. Sun-

i 135
9 30 M
4 30 E
laily at 73A M,
o L,,, M, 6 I 4 , ano

2 15 AI
11,
5 0 E
I 834
14,
E 54, an,
,

Ditto
Short Trains loave Woking
days at

6
for
9 •
hr

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