The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-29 00:00:00

Tl 3 ri STTN, I(NnON, i'-rt 1 1)- A- Y- MO RN 'N Cr AITG TT I' 20, I$l4K,

agrastie..air--qateii, on ti'e great measure
of 1834, for Negro Ltnancipation. Yet his vir-
tual reprobation of, or cold assent to, the importa-
tion of free Coolie labour from Bengal into Jamaica and
other islands, has left them in a state which has already
paralyzed their trade, and threatens at no distant day to
destroy the entire property invested there in the land
and its cultivation. The same Noble Lord spoke and
wrote of New Zealand, as if, after having stipulated for
and established certain conditions on behalf of the rights
and authority of the Home Government, he meant to
take it under his peculiar protection and patronage.
But New Zealand had twice already nearly expired
under his etebraces, when, as if disgusted with his pro-
tegee, he handed her over to the persecutions of the na-
tive chiefs, and the barbarous impetuosity of Joliet Haar.
Just before the rising of Parliament for the recess—
that is to say, on the Bth of this month, a Bill was
brought into the House of Commons by his Lordship's
" Mae-Friday," Mr. G. W. Ileee, entitled " a Bill to
amend an Act for regulating the Sale of Waste Land,
belonging to tee Crown, in the Australian Colon:es, and
to make further provision for the management thereof,"
which does not solve the problem we have above al
luded to—the discrepancy between the capacity to do
and the mode of doing—so remarkable in his Lordship's
official career, but further illustrates the singular notions
which the Noble Secretary appears to entertain of the
means most available for developing and cherishing the
native resources of a valuable dependency. The reason
or exigency for the Bill is declared to be that—
" Doubts have arisen whether, under that Act, her Majesty,
or any person acting in the name and on behalf of her Majesty,
can convey or alienate any waste lands of the Crown in any
such colony by lease or demise, reserving an annual rent or
payment fur the same."
And it is in the first clause declared that as to the 5
and 6 VICTORIA, c. 36
" Nothing in the said recited Act contained shall extend or
be construed to extend to prevent her Majesty, or any such per-
son acting in the name and on the behalf of her Majesty, as
aforesaid, from demising for a term of not more than seven
years, any waste lands of the Crown in any such colony, at an
annual rent payable to her Majesty by the lessee for and in re-
spect of such lands. Provided always, that all leases so to
be made and granted shall contain clauses of forfeiture and pro-
vises for re-entry for non-payment of such rent, or for under-
letting or assignment of the whole or any portion of such lands
by such lessee without licence in that behalf first obtained from
her Majesty, or such person acting in the name and on the be-
half of her Majesty as aforesaid, and shall be offered by public
auction to the highest bidder for the same, after due notice of
such public auction given as in the said recited Act is directed,
together with a specification of the lands intended to be de-
mised, and of the duration of the proposed term. And pro-
vided also, that during the continuance of any such lease it
shall not be lawful for her Majesty, or any such person acting
as aforesaid, to sell the reversionary estate expectant upen the
determination of such lease, without the consent in writing of
the lessee or other party to whom the lease may then belong."
The limitation of these Crown leases to seven years is
very good; but surely the disabling Crown tenants to
undeliet, without such licence, is at once an arbitrary
and a most impolitic restriction. Arbitrary, because
one can readily imagine how small a chance a tenant of
the Crown, who may have seen reasen to oppose the
measures of the colonial authorities, will possess of pro-
curing such a licence, however advantageous a contract
he may have entered into with third parties for under-
letting his lands. Impolitic, because it' it be his interest to
transter, or rather delegate, his holding, it is not less
that of the colony and the Colonial Government ;
the natural presumption being that he underlsts
at an advanced rent ; and that his sub-tenant paying
more fur the rent, will invest more in the cultivation or im-
provement of the pr..perty. The Crown officers cannot—
it even they be disposed to do so—exercise as much vigi-
-10 tee.. and caution in imparting this beneficial character to
original Crown leases. The same spirit of interference
produced all tla-e mischief, and that long depression of
the natural energies of Canada, which the home Go-
vernment itself has rep.- atedly denounced as cons, quen t
on the absurd encumbrances of the " Clergy reserves ;''
blocks of laud whose tardy/reclamation long prevented
the clearing of the lands adjseent to, or in the midst of
clic% :hey were situ-aee. In our colonies, the primary
!einem of impa.veu valee in e%ery property is the 1113•
rovemen: (the clearing or tl,e cuitivation as the case
be) of the adjoining lands.
Claus-, 2, which re.ervws to the Crown, or rather
authorises the reservation to it, of all minerals in any
such leases of waste land in Atistralia, is also, in our
judgment, v. ry unwise, and behind the enlightened
spirit of English legislation generally on these points.
We all know how many years had elapsed be-
fore the Crown either discovered or dreamed
of improving any former discovery of metalliferous
districts in New South Wales. We have only to con-
trast the recent accounts received of the astonishing
success and extent to which mining operations have
been pushed by private British capitalists in the colony,
or resident British agents there, to see all the short-
sighted folly of the Crown's proposed reservation of
added to the coal treasures of our Australian pos.
sessions. What more legitithate or reasonable course
can be taken with the private adventurers who find and
work the veins, or smelt the ores that contain them,
than to give them every benefit which they have merited
by their industry, skill, and spirit. The Crown or tha
public is sufficiently enriched by the indirect advantage
derived from the realising so large an accession to the
capital and the staples of the colony. To the power
given by clause 4 to the Governor, to grant licences for
the occupation of waste lands, we do not object ; but
the terms of clause 5, inflicting penalties fur the un-
authorised possession of Crown lands, are much too
sweeping. Great tenderness should always be extended
to the hard-earned homes upon the waste acquired by-
the enterprising squatters" of the colony, against
whom this clause is as much directed as if they were
mere vagrants or bush-rangers. We have other remarks
to submit on the remaining clauses of the Bill, but these
we reserve to a future. paper.

It is some time since we first endeavoured to impress
upon the public our own conviction that the " Woods
and Forests" department of the Government, under the
chief commissionership of the Earl of LINCOLN, required
to be narrowly watched. Tne successive specimens it
had afforded of incapacity, vacillation, bad taste, and
misapprehension of the public feeling and sentiment
with refereace.to the erection of the NELSON column in
its present 1-cality; the difficulties thrown in the way of
axecuting that beautiful work according to the original
lesUn of the architect ; the insulting reason assigned
.or reusing to allow the long-pi omised banquet to be
..owl; at its base to the aurv:ving veterans of Trafalgar
that the festive re-union of so many lincieNt
tars might comprinnise ate peace!); the
UlUtlStrtiva
paexilities perr.etratt.d niftier the Departmen"s expieso
iatronage and encouragement, in the
.shape of the tiny
fountains which disgrace, and the enorrn us bacons
olich encumber, the finest sire in &tripe" (the one
-tearing to the other much the same re!ation a.s Falstaff's
,alfpr-anyworth of bread to ell his gallons of sack); the
noels ,teinhalie p of the great, starrini, deso-
late plafonde or rea, already . disintegrating., and
.I.Al:tiding into unsightly hollows and patches ;
hese were so many accumulated evidenc,.s of
Inveterate Vandalism in a public board which (by
an extravagant official fiction) is supposed to be specially
competent to the direction and supt-Tintendence of such
of our national edifices, s: reefs, parks, &c., as come
within its ample jurisdiction or statutable commission.
But the volunteer crusade undertaken by the Earl of
LINCOLN against the hereditary rights, at common law
and by custom, of the poor of this country in common
and waste lands, we have, as often as the matter has
been brought under our notice, denounced, as about the
most untist and unpopular measure which a member
of any Government, professing to act in a generous and
popular spirit, ever set in motion. By dexterous
management the Commons Inclosure Bill, after attract-
ing in the Lower House a great deal of abstract con-
demnation, and being impeded in its progress by the
practical obstacles of a few stout divisions, was adroitly
dawdled on, through all its preliminary stages, till, by
reason of the very weariness excited in those who had
resisted it by reiterated postponements, explanations,
&c., it slipped through a third reading and passed, with-
out disturbing the slumbers that Lord LINCOLN'S
eloquence had succeeded, as usual, is producing.
In the Lords" we did, at one time, confidently
hope that it would have met with that repu-
diation which it so richly. merited. We were de-
ceived. It was put into the multitudinous division of
the Bills composing the " arreur business from the
Commons," and so, in the last moments of the expiring
session, was passed—(pitch-forked, rather)—in the mass
with half a hundred companions, through its final read-
ing, and receive 1 the royal assent. Tuesday's Go:tele
gave emphatic expression to its vitality. The country
was then apprised that Mr. Danes', M.P., and Mr.
BLAMIRE had been nominated by her MAJESTY'S Com-
missioners under this inauspicious Bill. With good
salaries attached to their offices we may well presume,
for without these what " motive" power could hare
removed out of their previous positions, a county Mem-
ber and a Tithe Commissioner. Is there no chance of
drawing off, from his present " holding" at Whitehall,
the tenacious Earl ? Is there no other snug berth, by
the offer of which he might be detached from a post iu
which his opportunities are so great, and his will ap-
pears to be so good, to commit serious mischiefs ?
We see that, if not tho Noble Earl. some kindred
spirit is now at work in Greenwich Park. Some official
authority or other, delighting in those stealthy infringe.
ments on the elbow •roorn of. ale people whose fate it is
be denizens or this d.o.issily populated metropolis,
which were a little while ago atteaspted ou a small scale

in the CXteildLu ;• .t, •
Green Park, immediately adjacent to the houses of the
aristocratic residents in that quarter, and which are now
to be pushed on a much more gigantic scale throughout
the country, under the powers of the Waste and Corn-
mons Inclosure Bill—has already commenced the dese-
cration of one of the most beautiful spots in Greenwich
Park, in impudent defiance of the implied pledge gi*en
in the House of Commons but a few weeks ago, that the
work which had been begun here should be abandoned.
Just behind the Ranger's house, a vast circle is in pro-
cess of " scalping," prior to the excavation of a huge re-
servoir for the supply of Greenwich Hospitei ; a purpose
that can be infinitely better accomplished by laying
down a main and some length of leaden pipe in the town
itself, at a very inconsiderable charge to the magnifi-
cently endowed foundation in question. Those of our
readers who remember the beautiful expanse of lawn in
the Park between the upland glades that run at right
angles to the Blackheath-wall, will at once appreciate the
execrable ofi'ence of the eye-sore which is thus about to
be produced on one of the most perfect features of a sylvan
retreat, the equal of which few European capitals ea
boast, whether considered simply in relation to tile beau
fnl contrast it presents to the busy city from which

so shortly removed, or in respect of the variety and ctf. et
of its mingled glimpses of woods and water, its hospital
palace, and the incessant transit of its shipping. A re-
servoir in such a spot is a perfect abomination. The
Park of Greenwich is a national as well as a royal de-
mesne, and it is an ill return to the people who annually
contribute whatever is required for its maintenance, and
attest the pleasure they derive from their free access to
its healthful enjoyments by the eagerness with which
they resort to them at all seasons of the year—to cut up
one of the finest expanses which the Park comprises for
a purpose so inadequate to justify such spoliation—so
easy to be better answered, in the town itself, by other and
quite unobjectionable means. We are quite sure that
the new Ranger, the Earl of ABERDEEN, cannot be aware
of what is being proceeded with, during his absence in
attendance upon the Sovereign abroad. But since it is
evident that the design is to put all reclamation and
protest, whether founded on the pledge we speak of as
having been given in Parliament, or on any other
grounds—out of date—by making the quickest pos-
sible progress with the excavation, we do trust

that the inhabitants of Greenwich will adopt
the promptest possible measures, by memorial
or protest, or petition, as may be agreed
upon at any public meeting to be convened for the
purpose in their town, to induce the authorities under
whose orders the work has been undertaken, to desist
Yrorn all further proceedings in it. At the re-assembling
of Parliament we hope to find some spirited Member,—

Mr. NEWDEGATE for example, who lives in the neigh-
bourhood, or the borough Member, calling for informa-
tion as to the parties with whom this unseemly business
has originated. If Government value the reputation of
their own promises, they can scarcely refuse to afford
such information upon demand.

Accounts from Constantinople of the 7th have been
received. These accounts announce a most important
change in the Turkish Ministry. The Seraskier, RIZA
PAcHA, who fur five years has been all4Krwerful at the
Turkish Court, has been dismissed, and SULSYMAN
PAcRA has been appointed Grand Vizier in his room.
This is it change with which all the friends of progress
and civiiisation must be delighted. RIZA PACHA was a
bigot ; SULEYMAN is a man of education and liberal
views. He was President of the Council of Justice, and
has r.,centty proposed the adoption of a scheme of public
education, and the establishment of something like re-
prestlitative government by the convocation of delegates
from the provinces at Constantinople. The change is
attributed to the advice of Sir STRATFORD CANNING and
M. DE BoURQUENY. The following is the substance of
the note on the affairs of Lebanon, which the Porte has
presented to the ambassadors of the five Powers, as
stated in our impression of yesterday. It an-
nounces in this note that, in order, if necessary, to
enforce the execution of its orders, and to re-establish a peace
promptly, the commander of the army of Arabia, Namick
Pacha, will quit the neighbourhood of Aleppo, where he is
encamped, and advance towards the mountain with a force
sufficient to keep down the contending parties. The note
then proceeds to fix the internal government of the
Lebanon, by confiding it, as has already been stated,
to two Vekils, viz., one Druse, the other Maronite, for each
district, and a Moukotadji, who is specially charged with the
interests of the government, and is to serve as the medium be-
tween the district and the authority of the Porte. The superior
authority is represented by two Turkish functionaries, via., the
Caimacans. By this last note it is decided that the Maronite
Vekil shall be the judge in all contestations between Maronites,
and the Druse Vekil the judge between the Druses. Differ-
ences between a Druse and a Maronite are to be decided con-
jointly by the two Vekils, with the right of appeal to the two
Camaicans. The Moukotadjis are exclusively charmed with
gas carted upon the ambissidois.to communicate to it the in..
structions which they are to send to the consuls of their respec-
tive nations in Syria.

-.....
Intelligence has been received from Madrid to the
21st inst.

At eleven o'clock that morning M&NUxL Gu., a young
journeyman tailor, was shot outside the Toledo gate,
having been sentenced to death by the court-martial, for
stabbing an officer during the disturbances. The tran-
quillity of the city had remained undisturbed. The
shops were in the same state as on. the previous day—
the doors being only half open. This plan of passive
resistance was spreading. Several provincial towns had
followed the example of Madrid, and the conductors of
the Andalusian diligence complain that it is im-
possible to purchase anything along the road.
According to the Tiempo, several eminent com-
mercial men had given official notice to the
Chamber of Commerce of their intention to retire
from business. The municipal authorities have laid iu
large stores of provisions, so that the inhabitants may not
wail for food by the closing of the provision shops. The
Minister of the Interior had opposed a proposition made
in the Council to declare Madrid under martial law, and
it had been accordingly rejected.
The coachmen of Madrid met on the 20th to petition
against the tax of six dollars yearly imposed on them by
M. Mon.

The Three per Cents. were done at 31i cash, and 314
at 60 dap ; 8.800,000 done. Only tow operations. The
other securities are not quoted.

We have r,?ceived the Paris papers of Tuesday.
The IVationd state, that " on Sunday evening, at
seven o'eliiek, was signed a treaty of fusi:in between the
Gireptiv I).coti-Letieuf told die Live other companies
already- united. For price of this abdicktion th ci•deeant
company receives 41,000 shares, or 20,500,0001"
Tuesday was the last day for submitting tenders fer
the concession of the northern line, and no tender had
beer, received except from Baron RoTilseninn, the re-
presentative of the coalesced companies.
Aecording to the Co' stituiionnel the treaty concluded
between France aid New Grenada, on the 29th October
last, has been ratified by the KING.
It is anneunced in the Semaphore de Marse-E,:s of the
11th, that the squadron of evolution, commanded by
A lrniral PARCEVAL DESCHENE6, which we'; then lying
off the Ilieres Ishands, would sail for Marseilles towards
the close of the month. The squadron consisted of the
three-decker Ocean, bearing the Admiral's flag, the ships
of the line-Inflexible, Triton, Diademe, Jemmapes,
Neptune, and Alger, and the steam-frigate Asmodee.
Little business was , done in the Stock ai.d Share
Market of Paris on Tuesday ; but the promises of the
new lines had been in considerable demand.
The Three per Cents. closed at 841, 25c. ; the Five
per Cents. at 1211. 70c. ; Orleans Railroad shares, 1,313 f.
75c.; Rouen, 1,120 E ; Vierzon, 817 f. 50c. ; Havre, 915 f. ;
Avignon, 1,077 f. 50c. ; Basle, 2831. 75e ; Spanish Active
361/ ; Spanish Three per Cents., 3894. ,
The following are the quotations for the new lines
Orleans and Bordeaux, 222 f. 50c. premium ; Boulogne, 1401.
premium ; Troyes and Montereau, 52f. 50c.; Paris and Lyon;
( Laffitte), 371 50c. ; ditto (Calon), 101.; ditto (Ganneron),
171_ 50c.; Northern Line (Laffitte), 801. ; ditto (Rosa-
' mel)r, 37a 1
nsdoc.N,•
Nantes
so (Pepin),Aaeke ((.Mackenzie),
e 2dittoof.
f.soucii.;
'fours
lard), 3f. ; ditto (O'Neill), 101. ; ditto (Jacques Lefevre)
4f. ; Lyons and Avignon (Lecointe), 22f. 50c. ; ditto
(Talabot), 451. ; ditto (Coinpagnie Meridionale), 13f. 60c. ;
Bordeaux (Mackenzie), 2f. 50c.; ditto and Cette (Espe-
leta), 151 ; Creil and St. Quentin (Kysaens), 6f. 50e- ;
ditto (Carette), 9f. ; ditto (Colbert), 2f. ; Paris and
litrasbonrg (Ganneron), 151. ; ditto (Bechet), 6f. 50c. ;
ditto (Hinguerlot), 171: 50c. ; Dijon and Mulhausen, par;
Dieppe, 421 50c. ; Charleroy, 60f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TIIE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Ana. 27.
Boulogne and Amiens.. 11 Orleans and Bordeaux 121 A
Bordeaux & Medi t erran - !Over Yssel ......... A P
Bordeaux and Toulouse --Paris& Lyons (Lafitte) 3%
Do. and Cette - Ditto (Ganneron's). 2:!,4
Central of Spain -
Dendre Valley .. 2 Paris and Rouen .......
Dieppe & Paris Junet. - :Paris and Strasburg Dijon and Mulhouse - 1 (Ganneron's)... ...... 2%
East Indian
Grt Northern of France :Paris and St. Quentin. -
(Laffitte's)
is
Ditto (Rosaniers) ... 3% ltiiuen and Havre 3l Great Paris and Lyons. 214 Royal North of Spain 2%
Jamaica Junction....... 5 !Sambre and Meuse Do. North Midland... 3% !Strasbourg and Basle - Louvain and Jemeppe,. 5 Tours and Nantes
,eons and Avignon.... 2 (M'Kenzie's)
Luxembourgb.. ......... Do. (Lefebvre's)is
Namur and Liege....... 7 Verona and Anemia.... 31/2 Orleans and Vierzon .. 22 'We-4 Flanders

We learn from the New Zurich Gazette, of the 28d
instant, tliat the Session of the Diet had been brought
to a c!oie on the preceeding
The folloveine: is the President's Sprech :
" Gentlemen,—The business of the ordinary Diet for this
year is terminated. As far as regards the Government and the
care of the ordinary affairs of the Confederation it has fulfilled

is task, and has innie r e for ir its
position. There remains much yet to be done, for in an assem-
blage of so many independent states it is impossible to proceed
rapidly. Several questions, therefore, remain undecided, and
cause uneasiness to the public mind ; but this has been unavoid.
able from the state and circumstances of the country. Let all
friends of the country, and particularly the magistracy, occupy
thems,lves energetically to accomplish this duty, which will
alone give strength to the confederation.,"

AMERICAN NEWS.

ARRIVAL OF THE ASHBURTON:
LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY.—Tho New York packet-
ship Ashburton, C4ptaiti llowlai,d, arrived here about
eight o'clock this morning. She sailed from New York
on the 6th inst., and brings papers and other advices
from that city to that date. When the Ashburton sailed
all was quiet. The negotiations about Oregon were in
progress, an the acquisition of California was in con-
temp:atiot.. The Ameri..ans had turned their attention
from emigration to Oregon to California. The soil of
the further place bad not given Satisfaction, so that in,.;ny
who had emigrated there had gone to California, the.
•• land flowing with milk and honey." " That parailit-e,"-
says the 1V(:w York Herald," will soon be more inhabited
by Americans than an) other stction on the continent, out
el the twenty Unit&l States, and must, of course, be
suortly annexed. The impetuosity of the people of
the Great West for the acquisition of ail the territory
to the Pacific is irresistible.
fornia may be the test question at the presidental elec-
tita of 1848, as Texas was in 1844." The news from
Mexico is considerably later than that brought by the
steam-ship Britannia. It does not appear, however, that
the Mexicau authorities.have made any decided or war-
like movement against the newly-annexed state, Texas.
except to send 20,000 men to the frontier of Texas, and
covering the house-tops in Vera Crux with sand.
The following is from the New Orleans papers of the
24th ult.:—

(From the New Orleans Bulletin, July 24.)
MAZATLAN. AT RIL 23,--On the 18th instant consider..
able excitement was caused in this place, occasioned by a
body of artillerymen marching through the principal
' streets towards the custom-house. On their arrival
at that place, the officer in command received orders from
the collectors of the Aduena Teresrte, to accompany one
of the clerks of the said office, with Sestigos, and lay a
forced embargo, at tee point of the bayonet, on the property
of the only two American houses in the place, Parrott and
Co., and Mott, Tal'eet, and Cu., to satisfy a demand for du-
ties caused by a law of the state of Sinoloa, 1834, which law
was annulled in 1'337 by the tariff of that year, and from that
date up to a few days previous to the date of this the Custom-
house bad never demanded from any house such duties. The
house of Parrott and Co. of course, was embargoed, on pro-
perty to the amount of 45,000 dolls., to satisfy the claim, only
amounting to about 4,000 dolls. ; after which the troops were
marched to the house of Messrs. Mutt, Talbot, and Co., with
the object of la./Aqui embargo on their property, but Captain
Hope, of H.B.M. frigate Thalia, interfered,, and prevented
the embargoes t ring( said, one of the partners of the said firm
being a British .übject. Mr. Parrott, who for many years
had been our refesul at Mandan, suffered with much pa-
tience the ie. 'ignity to his person, and as the di-
plomatic relati .es between the United States and Mexico
are suspended, ne has no resource in seeking re-
dress from t'.,., Mexican Government, and very pro.
perly called in tee :Tench consul to witness the proceedings,
which • are it gat and unjust from the commencement,
as no judge or emepetent authority in the place had passed
sentence or ju tge.ent, in any shape or form, on the proceed-
ings. Mr. Pars ott has gone betore the French consul and
'made out his piofest, and will submit it to his Government, to
be settled with .i 2 s ether difficulties pending with Mexico.
(here are at Alaz..tlan nearly a dozen importing houses, and
notwithstanding not a single demand has been made by the col-
sector' against then. for duties, he having, as it appears, deter.
mined to take i,ia revenge out of the Americans. Many re-
spectable citizars, seeing these scaridaldus proceedings, have
used their iiilluenc-t to conciliate matters. -
Amu. Prefecto of the Pert has addressed a letter
to the Governer of the State, complaining in strong terms
against the vie;ent and unjust proceedings against the Ameri-
cans, and very le operly pointed. out that they were caprices of
the collector, and from the conceurse of people who were pre-
sent, it was sufficient to disturb the peace of the port and bring
on the country a war.
Aran. 25. —The embargo on the property of the American
consul had not been raised, notwithstanding a meeting has
taken place to that effete. The consul is determined to resist
the payment and stiffer his property to be sold. A military
ce was again demanded for laying the embargo on Mott,
; &Hart, and uct.'s property, but it was wisely refused. Over-
.ures have been made to the comer!, that if he would address
a letter to the Gefe.Superior de Hacienia, his property would
be released, but he has refused. avid is determined to let the
mater take its course. Other outrages will follow.
General Rangel has been sentenced by a court-martial—for
his late revolutionary attempt in the city of Mexico, in which
et' eated the President and his cabinet with such indignity—
o ten years' imprisonment, without the loss of his rank—a
zulv Mexican punishment for treason. Another authority,
but usually not so well informed, rays he is stripped of rank
and all employment, and banished for ten years. The ire of
the Mexicans was a good deal aroused, apparently, at seeing
him get off so easily.
The Ocean house, at Newport has been entirely de-
,troyed and some lives have fallen a sacrifice to the fury
of the flames. We take the following particulars from
he New York Tribune of A ugust 3
" NewroaT, R. L. SUNDAY, 4 O'CLOCK P.M., AUGUST
3.—We arrived here on the Massachusetts this morning at four
o'clock, and were very greatly chagrined to find the Ocean
Ho..e full and overflowing with peoyle.—more,than a hundred
irelsa-021'n
loco .r.cat sour or nive [lours In
trying to gain admission to a private house. At length we were
lodged in tolerable comfort at Townsend's Hotel.
" Probably no watering place in the Union was ever so
crowded as Newport is the present season. There were over
three hundred and fifty strangers in the Ocean House alone, and
every place in the city full.
" But it turned out that our regret at being excluded from
the Ocean House was foolish and wicked. At about one o'clock
to-day, while the fashionable- throng were dressing for dinner,
the cook-house, a small building adjoining the eastern wing of
the hotel, caught in the ceiling, from a dish of lard which took
fire, and blazed from the floor where it fell to the roof.
" In an instant the cry of fire was given, and such a scene
of confusion and distress ensued as no man could wish to see
twice. The boarders were running from room to room,
screaming for their friends, brothers, husbands, wives, and
children, and all inquiring with white lips the cause of the
alarm. There was a most pitiless lack of water, and the flames
seised with fury upon the extremely dry and combustible mate-
fial of which the cook-house, as well as the whole
building was composed. The bells rang the alarm_
the whole city hurried to the spot, and the opinion
already became general that not a timber of the whole of this
grseeful and airy, but light and unsubstantial edifice, could be
sa red.
The work of carrying out baggage now began in great
ea: so* ; and fair aristocratic hands, albeit unused to the
r wiling mood. performed incredible tasks of porterage. The
I rge and magnificent parlour of the hotel, occupying the whole
the north end, was now stripped of its costly furniture, and
t-.e field directly opposite and to the northward of the hotel
'•eettrae speedily filled with trunks, boxes, furniture, &c., while
no street was lined with elegantly attired ladies, lamenting the
isa of their dinners or their dresses.
" Water, water, water !. was the unanswered cry of the fire-
:sea and the eitieens who had rushed to the spot to render their
ssistanee, hut none could be procured. The fire department
,)?eared to 'be efficient and well organised—ambitious and
aring— but what good were their half-dozen fire-engines
,it ,out water It was now clearly seen that the building
sx.r,,i not be saved, and in two hours the whole pile was a
mek.rig ruin.
" The Oceaai House was built by the ' Ocean House Com-
pati. winter before las', and finished la3t winter. It was
r. at 36,000 dolls., and insured in Providence and Boston
h& I 8,0110 dolls. It was r-nied by John G. Weaver, of New-
port, who paid 8 per cent. on the value. The building was in
th.. toren of an L, running north and east—the northern wing
22d feet long, and the eastern wing 125 by 30—four
ales high. It contained 208 rooms, its situation was beau-
i.ttitl and commanding, and its loss is a heavy blow to Newport,
as well as an indescribable, inconvenience to the boarders 'a
great mane of whom were from New York. ,
" But the saddest portion of this calamity is the death of
Samuel Fowler Gardiner, Esq., one of the oldest, wealthiest,
and most estimable citizens ot Newport. He owned a lame
amount of property here, and vies the agent and part proprir-
tnr .of the extensive Newport cotton mills, the Coddiugton,
Perry, and Newport Steam Mills, and another of which he was
exclusive owner. He leaves a wife and ten children.
" The body of Mr. Gaediner was found in the ruins, more
than hall consumed—a key and a pencil lying on his chest. . I
also feat that Thomas R. Hazzard, Esq., residing in the beau-
tiful country seat of Varclo,e, has perished. You will re-
member him as the author of some political tracts, published
in 1844.

"P.S.—lt is certain, I am told, he is dead.
" George Burrows and Hobert Coxall were on the ladder
with Mr. Gardiner when the eastern wing came down, and they
fell outward, while lie fell inside the burning walls. The two
former were seriously injured, and it is doubtful whether Mr.
Cozen will survive."
" The furniture of the house was worth 25,000 dolls.—two-
thirds saved, 9.01' dolls. insured. Mr. Weaver, the lessee of
the Ocean House, 'tas already taken a house which will accom-
modate fifty, and which he will open to-marrow. There's en-
terprise for you.
" It is said that there was a gentleman in the second story
of the east wing who was lost, but of this nothing is certainly
known. Rumour also gives three or four other victims to the I
dames.

" Some fresh riots have taken place at Philadelphia, arising
out of the stoppage of some allowances to fire companies,
which have again kept that once peaceable city in a turmoil
for some days. Philadelphia is becoming from its disorders a
bye-word in other cities."
The advices carried out by the steam-ship Cambria
had a favourable effect on the cotton and provision
markets.
Exchange on En
gland was quoted at from 109} to 110.

TEN DAYS LATER from AMERICA
SAFE ARRIVAL OF THE GREAT BRITAIN
AT NEW YORK.
ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA AT LIVERPOOL.
IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO.
The Cambria steamer, Captain JucIIWIN arrived at
Liverpoeol yesterday morning in nine d.vs and a Lalf
from Halifax.
The Great Britain steamer arrived at New York on
rntg accomplished her passage from
een days and twenty-one hours.
brings advices from New York to the
Lt
revrehrlepOoctohAl,
innhhrfaoi having
15th, from Boston to the 16th inst. inclusive, together
with New Orleans .papers to the 7th inst., and advices
from Vera Cruz dat,.d 21st July.
All official intercourse. between Mexico and the U& ed
States had cuased. Th., Washington Goveroment organ
announces that the United States troops wtiieh had 4(j
vaneed to the Texan frontier would not be withdrain,
.and that General Taylor had with the infantry advanced
to Corpus Christ?, and c 4,1. Twiggs, with the cavalry,
had penetrated beyond Austin to the neighbourhood of
Alamo.

The elections for the different State.-; are proceeding,
but great apathy appears to exist.
There is nothing now from Canada.

' Inc teileseieg ase ixtracts rro,n Life ;air:,
(From the New York Herald of the 16th.)
The last advices from New Orleans inform us that the
Mexican Consul at that port had received official instruc-
tions from the • Mexican Secretary of State, in-
forming him that the relations between that Go-
vernment and the United States had reached each
a point as required the immediate cessation of all
official intercourse ; hat their frie-nd:y relations were
at an end, and that all Mexicans were to be dirtett d
to take such measures for the security of their per-
sons and property, as they might deem expedient. This
intelligence comes, however, merely in_ the shape. of a
private communication, and, as no such intimation had
been conveyed to the Mexican Consul in thie city; it is
to be received with caution. Still it is quite certain z hat
in New Orleans the general opinion was that war had
been declared by Mexico ; and the intelligence which
pours in upon us from all quarters, confirms the belief
that the crisis which we: have been awaiting for some
time past, has at' length:. arrived. We should not be at
all surprised to hear, in a few days, of some decisive blow
having been struck ley Mexico, and that the war had
indeed commix& d.
The Government organ.: at Washington, in referring
toe/tertaiii various and contradictory rumours relative
to the disposition of the United States troops sent to the
Teian frontier, declare§ iu positive terms that these
troops are not to be withdrawn, and that it exp cted to
hear by the next arrival that General Taylor had ad-
vanced, with the infantry under, his command, as far as
Corpus Christi, and perhaps penetrated the country
farther from the Gulf coast Colonel Twiggs, in com-
mand of the dragoons, had advancedthrough Austin.
farther. west, to the vicinity, perhaps, ...Of the Alamo.
We have also reason to believe that the Texians them-
selves are now moving. for the purpose of co-operating
with our troops. This is, we perceive,- stated by
the Odom. •
The instructions issued by the United- States Go-
vernment to their troops on the Texian frontier, re-
striet them entirely to defensive course of action, so
long. as Mexico . remains • But from . all. present
appearances it is very evident. that Meiico will forcibly
resist the measure adopted by our government; to main-
tain the boundary line .as claimed by Texas. The
demagogues in Mexico who now manage her affairs, are
stirring-up with the greatest activity the belligerent feel-
ings of the people. Each is trying to out-herod his
rival in this business. The Mexican people, themselves,
ignorant, vindictive, and misled and excited by Bris
tish agents, are in a very fitting condition to be operated
upon by these ambitious and violent leaders. Thus,
then, stand at this moment our relations with: Mexico.
We do believe that war is nearer than many imagine..
Of course, we cannot have any fear for the issue. lint
the puhlio voice' begins to call louder and louder Upon
the President and his Cabinet to summon Congre.4 to-
gether. Oughethey not at once to:take this step.?
CANADA.--there is a project talked of •at preeent
connecting Lake Champlain and Lake .Ontario by rail
road, which nifty be 'regarded as a held stroke towards
diverting from Montreal and Quebec. alarye share of the
trade of Western Canada. It ever this :is effected„lles
great results expected to proceed from the Welland
Canal, in favour . of- the Canadians, . will be
,much
neutralised. .
Hardly any commercial operatiens.are taking place in
Canada now ; several attempts have been lately made to.
force off goods at auction, but' to no purpose.
We observe the weather has been very warm at
Quebec—the thermometer last week ranging from 90 to
95 there.
A trial which caused much excitement has ended in
the acquittal of two young men charged with murder in
the last electi, in disturbances. Party feeling was keenly
at work to procure a conviction, anti also to secure an
acquittal. Since the notorious verdict of the jury in
1837, acquitting Jobin of the murder of the lamented
Lieutenant. Wen, it is quite common in Montreal to
assail the.hitegrity of juries, and we .fear it is not always
done without good ground. In the case just tried, the
prisoners were acquitted—a regular triumph for the po-
pular cause. •
The 71st Regiment had subscribed 301. 4s; 6d. for the
relief 'of the. Quebec sufferers. The sum promises to
exceed 30,0001 in Great -Britain and Ireland alone. •
A strong rivalry exists between steam-boats on the
• •
St. Lawrence this season.
AFFAIRS OF MEXICO. .
(From the New Orleans Picayune, Aug.'7.)
It is confidently stated that Senor Arraogoiz, the
Mexican Consul here, has received orders from:his Go-
vernment- to` close his business in this tits., and further,
that he will sail its. two or thre day=s for Vera Critze. One
report has it that his departure will be the signal .for the
publishing of a non-intercourse eet, sad` another- that a
formal declaration of wer is to fellow. A few days will-
tell the story. . .
Since-the s,b ,re was written we hear it stated that the
declaration of war by Mexico is really in towni grid tha;
it will be published by some, one or more Of the city pi
pers this morning. if this be' erne, we shell see. what
Mexico will do after taking a step -so rash.. That she
will issue letters ot' marque and reprisal—attempt to turn
loose a set of foreign privateers upon our commerce—
has been hinted at, and with good show of-reason.—
There are not sailors enough, put .them all
together, in her contemptible marine to man a single
sloop of war effectually, and we trust that . our Govern-
ment will at once declare every vessel engaged under
Mexican colours, without the lawful complement Of na-
tives on board, a pirate, and string up every foreigner
to the yard-arm. The pages of Vattel may not afford
ituth.rity, but Vs,t64 knew but little of
wheu ne evareote. and strong eases rpqiiire prompt end
0.,,,,tu1e arguments. On laird, the course of the United
States is plain enough. With the regular troops now
in Tezas, and the volunteers ready to start at a mo-
ment's warning, we hive a force sufficient to crush any
miserable apology of an army Mexico can concentrate
between. San. Luis Potosi and the Rio Grande for three
months.to comee-it would be an act of charity to take
the entire army of our gasconading, neighbours prison-
ers to save them from the starvation -that has long been
preying upon them. Possession of the harbours of Cali-
fornia—% matter which a frigate or sloop of war could
easily efr'eaa-might also be taken, and if all these plans
are carried out, we shall have the enemy at our gates
cueing for peace before a year is over their heads.
(From the Acre Orleans Rep Irter, Aug. 7.)
The schooner Relampago, which recently arrived at
the Belize from Vera Cruz, came up to the city Oil
Tuesday evening.. Our previous accounts by this vessel
were very liinited, based as they. were upon verbal owe-
ments, and a short extract from one of the few letters.
which reached the city in company with the dispatches
for the State Department. ',lt-was not until a late hour
yesterday that we received the letter, an extract from
which follows, containing- the official commu ; ;
o.cat.ons, a
translation of which. is subjoined. The letter is from a
friend and correspondent. in Vera Cruz, and enclosed
the communications, which are from the Minister of
War and Marine of Mexico. It appears .by these,
that the preitions intimations ef the intention of
Mexico to declare war against this country have assumed
a positive and .determinate shape, No simple.
non-intercourse, It appeara, will give sufficient veet
the pent-alt inilignatiou e.f . our nlex!cati 0' o,•oo
Nothing short of a wer—a war of invesi an to„--,;....t
contemplates among the least of it; triumphs the, e.
conquest of Texas—will 'appease their beilieecent f Cl-
ings and heal their wounded !lunette. Well, ii it is to ere
we must prepare ourselves for the strugele. We hove
by this time that our fleet. is in the Gulf—we know that
our little army is at its peat. The Water Witch, widish
may be looked for every thy, will bring us full par-
ticuhars.
We have reason to believe that the despatches to the
Department of State at Washington, brought by the
Relainpago, communicated the fact of war having been
declared by the Mexican Government.
In a still. closer. view of a war with Mexico, we take
occasion to repeat what we :.aid the other day, as to the
course which shetild be,purstied in such an event. If we
are to be embroiled :in a conflict with Mexieo, we hot*
that the Fettle upon which the contest will be prosecuted
by us will bear some relation to the power and dignity
of this nation. Let the wsfertion of our might as, well as
of our right be so complat.e, that among. the other results
ore brilliant campaign, no vestige of Eurepeau-influence
will remain in Mexico to tempt her into a repetition ef
the fatuity :of going to wat with us.
The following is the letter and &mu inents referred to:—
Vera Crux, July 21, 1845.
Dear Sire-a•
.* • • • • I have only one moment's
time to hand you the enclosed, to which I refer you. We are
'momentarily expecting to receive the declaration of war against
the United States, from Mexico. Every one is making prepa-
rations to leave this place and move into the interior. The
Water Witch will sail for your port on the 28th or 29th inst.
Tours.
OFFICE OF WAX AND MARINE.—SECTION OF OPERATIONS.
(Circular.)
.The United States have consummated the perfidy against
Mexico, by sanctioning the decree which declares the annexa-
tion of the department of Texas to that Republic. The in-
justice of that usurpation is apparent, and Mexico cannot
tolerate such a grave injury without making an effort to Irmo
to the United States the possibility of her ability to cause her
rights to be respected. With this object the Supreme
Government has resolved upon a declaration of war against that
power, seeing that our forbearance, instead of being received as
proof of our friendly disposition, has been interpreted into an
acknowledged impossibility on our part to carry on a successful
war

Such an error on the part of the United States will be ad•
vantageous to Mexico, because, suddenly abandoning its
pacific a•titude, it will to-morrow communicate to Congress
the declaration et war, and excite the patriotism of its citizens
to sustain the dignity of the nation and the integrity of its
territory, now treacherox4 attacked, in utter disregard of all
guarantees recognized in this enlightened age.
You will readily appreciate the importance of this subject,
and the necessity of preparing the troops under your command,
to march towards any point which may require protection
against these most unjust aggressions. I am directed by the
provincial President to enjoin upon you, as general-in-chief of
your division, and as a citizen of this Republic, to hold yourself
in readiness to repel those who seek the ruin of Mexico. The
Government is occupied in covering the different points on the
frontiers, and in collecting the necessary means, so that no-
thing may be wanting to those whose glory it will be to defend
the tamed rights of their country.
have the honour to communicate for your intelligence and
to direct your conduct.
God and Liberty.—Mexico, July 16, 1845.
ONDE.
This circular to the authorities subordinateGAßClA to thisC office.
Most Excellent Senor—As my notes of the 30th of March
and the 7th of April of this year, concerning the deserters and
recruits for the army, have not produced ;he effete wnich his
Excellency the President ad interim desired, as the Goser-
nors have not been able to gather a number of men by env
means adequate to the wants of the army, his Excellency has
ordered your Excellency to provide the material, to enable the
different departments to furnish their quota and complete the
contingent of troops required by the decrees of 29th of Decem-
ber. 1843, and the 2d July, 1844; for although the Supreme
Government has not evaded with punctuality the compl,ntent
from these departments, she now sees her-elf under the neces-
sity of doing so, for the war which she wages against the
United States, the perfidy and treachery of which power has
put her in possession of a part of this Republic.
His Excellency the President ad interim requires that
your Excellency inform the Governors of the necessity which
exists, of detailing the number of men so highly necessary to

locie
to be prep,i.reo. alto
LP , , ,
the ut,mn,.,t > • • , •
rin f n.,
ges and (.:.'rer v ,re.•
and o urgent ti.e ()Jilt!. •:t !; ~nent
patch of these warlike ;.41 et.'n .rit'omted tot
workmen at the Navy-) and Nil' be at work ail day to
inoiTonv, although it wily be Sunday woulito .
indkce that the Administration are convinccd titers
is to be no joking, but an actual bonii.jide war.
A letter in the New Orleans Jeirersonian, Trift,:n
a gentler-min in that city, says—
VEIZA CIRCZ, JAN. 13.—1 have to. conclude this
ter in.:. hu-ry, as the news Is jlt.4t in town that 'war
been declared against the Americans, and the ve.,sos are
going off immediately, to prt vont being seized."
The New Orleans Bee, of the 4th, has the rumour
a postscript :
tt were intl,rmeti. Tact evening. that the Mexit•nn
Government had come to the conension to stop all t{-t•-
course with the Unled Stites, anti has is.sti-d orde, ‘s• -o
her vgteons Government oqi,..ers to that eff—t."
'P•e same paper, of the 5.h, nrntain- followinz
" We, were inform-d yesterday that ;an inion'i,tor.
honse in cur city had applied to the Mexican Consul to
know whether he (mild. clear a ve,,sat . for one g,t
Mexican ports on Thursday next, and that the re,,l) of
the Consul was t hat a.ter Wednesday he would be unable
to attend to any such buciness. As the duty nt the
Consiu in sach cases is to countersign the manife is
rettisol look.; us if there were some truth in the raw ~.rs
of war now so prevalent." • . •
The Trlpic of the sth says of the same sublect :
" The only rumour w_dch appears at present to he well
authenticated, is one, that the Mexican Consul has re-
ceived orders from h7s Government to withdraw imme-
diately from this c..untry. What the exact nature of the
Consul's instructions are, we are not advised, but we
are informed, on what we believe to be excellent autho-
rity, that that-functionary-wid close his office to-morrow,
and cease to exercise hiss duties."
And the Courier of the 4th has the following post-
Since the foregoing was written, we have seen letters
from Mex'co of July 22, which say war was inevitable.
The Senate of •Mexico had assemt,led in order to discuss
the quests:,,, of peace or war, and the issue depended on
their deliberations. Until the result was known, the
Me .icaa ports would continue open as usual to American
trade."

;;

The Picayune also learns verbally that the opinion at
Vera Cruz was prevalent and decided, that war would
he- sp,Tedily declared, and also that Mexico is making
strenuous efforts to borrow 12.000,000 dols. to carry it on.
Vera Cruz was said to be very healthy. They were
landing shots and shells from the Castle of San Juan de
Ulioa, on the wharves.
Two light shucks of earthquakes were felt at Vera
Cruz on the lath ult., and between them came a severe
tempest of rain.
The following: extra,:t of a letter to a commerci.d
house at New orleanS is'pliblk;ied in the P.tayutie:—
MA.TAlnnails, jui.ir 17. 1845.-1 write, u. aguig thus
B,on. fearing that. war wiii be d, Clare by Alexis,, agaims
the United zitthes, and all commu;lication us interrupted
for some time. From the present manifestath 43 of feel-
ing towards the Americans we fear we may be expelled
from the country at fifteen days' notice, in which case I
shall have the pleasure ef seeing you sooner than I ex-
prot.ed, although at, a grievous loss in a pecuAary poini of
r view. 13v toe present trouty betwe,,, the united States
s
and Mexico, we arc permitted to remain ix menths to
settle up our business affairs, but I am apprehensive
they will pay no regard to it. Troops are
this place from various quarters, and oot r
remains in my miad of the of
=lent to declare war, although it will be Jr
them to push it with vigour, or the leas
success. Should they, however, be si..ippt
requisite funds from England, although
able to make any powerfutdemonstration t
side of the IL., Grande, their rbttfo%ai ohsti)
duet tbein For for a long tine tOly al);
wards'a peace ..i7feiting their alleged rif:fi ts
of Texas.
FROM ST. DOXINGO.---Capt. Robinson, of the schooner

'cach

, ,
firmoz,

iUS
Govern