The Sun.
London, England, 1842-07-20 00:00:00

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LONDON:
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 20, 1842.

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Sir JAMES GRAHAM announced last night that her
MAJESTY'S Government—her MAJESTY'S strong Go-
vernment—her MAJESTY'S all-powerful Government
—the great master ' of QUEEN and People, when a
monopoly is to be preserved, or when a tariff is to be
passed, which opponents approve of, and supporters
dare not oppose—Sir JAMES GRAHAM announced last
night that the monster of a powerful Government
meant to give up a great portion of the Poor-law
Bill, for the simple reason, that it is unable to pass
it this session.

Sir JAMES said he wished to pass the four clauses
following the first, which regulate the number and
duties of Sub-Commissioners, and apply to the is-
suing of rules and regulations; but he does not mean
to proceed with that part of the Bill which relates to
GILBERT unions, and the formation of districts. One
or two clauses, which go to correct the curious prac-
tice lately grown up, of thieves and vagrants making,
as Sir JAMES said, a hostelry of the workhouse, he
wishes to pass, but the rest of the Bill the Cabinet
will mature at leisure during the recess, and intro-
duce it next session.

We have no desire to see the Bill pressed through
the House, for we are satisfied that a very different
Poor-law from Sir J. GRAHAM'S Bill will be neces-
sary before nest year, should trade not revive, and
should pauperism continue to spread with the same
frightful strides during the next that it has taken
during the last six months ; but that the strong Go-
vernment has given up this Bill supplies a lesson
which we must not allow to be lost.

The Government has tried, and tried zealously, to
pass the Bill. It was advised a month ago to give it
up—there were reports that it had so resolved ; but
Sir JAMES GRAHAM, on being asked, stated more
than once that the Government meant, if possible,
to carry the Bill. The strong Government, then,
has been unable to carry out its own designs.
August approaches—the supplies are not yet obtained
—it is not possible to keepgentlemen sweltering in the
metropolis all through the summer ; they might as
well be in the desart as in this dry, dusty, and hot
place ; and the strong Ministry must yield to the
stronger necessity which country gentlemen feel to
return to their pleasant parks, and which the belles of
the metropolis, whom the beaux must follow, feel to
flee to other places of fashionable resort.
In truth the poor convenience of these insignifi-
cant persons is the basis on which laws are built or
put aside. When the Corn-law was on the tapis, and
when the tariff was in progress, the threat of resigna-
tion was sufficient to coerce the votes of the grumbling
L landowners ; but no threat, no power can induce

At Liverpool, on Monday, there was a meeting,
which the Liverpool. Times describes as one of the
most respectable open air meetings ever held in that
town. " The friends of free trade in Liverpool," it adds,
"have done their duty, and have freed themselves from
all share of responsibility, by pointing out the causes of
the present distress, and by calling for the adoption of
the only measures which can remove it." It gives the
names of a great many respectable gentlemen who
were present, such as HUGH HORNBY, Esq., who was
in the Chair; J. C. EWART, Esq.; JAMES MULLE-
NEUX, Esq. ; W. RATHBONE, Esq. ; RICHARD RATH-
BONE, Esq. ; RICHARD V. YATES, Esq. ; ROBERT EL-
LISON HARVEY, Esq. ; Mr. Ald. EARLE, and others.
These gentlemen, and all the persons present, unani-
mously concurred in resolutions, declaring that the
present distress is unparalleled ; that all the measures
of the Government are inadequate to relieve it, and
they adopted a memorial to the QUEEN, setting forth
the condition of the people, and praying for redress.
The language used at this meeting was of the
strongest and most peaceful character ; the people
both " know their rights," and " dare maintain them."
EDWARD BRODERIBB, Esq., to quote one example, said,
The people wanted food, but they did not want it as
beggars.—(Loud applause.) England was not reduced
to such a state that she must beg her food, or that the
sanctuaries and decencies of religion must be desecrated
by the introduction of charity sermons for the support of
the poor.—(Cheers.) All that was necessary to be done
was to unfetter commerce, and let her arise in her giant
might, and then there would be a sufficiency of employ-
ment and of food in the land. If the people spoke out
determinely and unitedly, they might depend upon it
that they would succeed ; and he therefore called upon
them, if they thought that trade ought to be free, to
will it, and it would be free.—(Much cheering.)

That is quite true ; it only requires the people to
be united in willing free trade, and trade must be
free.• The knowledge necessary to form such a
united will is fast growing on the people. Not a day
now passes which does not impress on them,its own
lesson ; and whenever the knowledge is ripe, which
the aristocracy can no more prevent than they can
prevent the tide rising and falling, they will have no
more power to retain fetters on commerce than on the
ocean itself. Trade, like its own great highway, must
and will be free. The chains which the small ambition
of small men now impose on it, willbe broken whenever
the middle classes shall lose their reverence for the
idle men of pleasure, who constitute the bulk of the
aristocracy, and refuse to submit to their control the
occupations which feed, enrich, and civilise mankind.

THE NEW TARIFF. - The first importation of
horned cattle, under the new measure, passed the Cus-
tom-house yesterday. It consisted of four bulls from
Switzerland of the celebrated Dun breed, which is pro-
duced in that country, and during the summer months is
pastured upon the lower acclivities of the mountains.
They reached London fr,jm Rotterdam, and had teen
brought down the Rhine. Their value was estimated at
about 80/ per head.
IscomE-TAx.—Mr. Richard Rathbone, of Liverpool,
has set an excellent example to all men in his station. On
being appointed a supplementary Commissioner under
the new Income-tax law, he immediately wrote to decline
the appointment, and declared that he world on no ac•
count act in any such capacity. If others would decline
like him, Sir Robert might find himself at fault ; but we
regret •to see persons, who call themselves Liberals,
eager for the honour of being one of the Commissioners
fur carrying the inquisition into the houses of their
fellow-citizens.

LITERATURee_
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ABBOTSFORD li" A YERLEY i AT.'-'' ---' ---1,--;\
Part VI. Caddt, London, b' .
In this Part we have the conclu ing ___„„ ,
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du ipters . , ---1
',Manner
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Waverley, and the commencement of Gu.,'
. manner ":?1,,)
ing, botn illustrated in the most ckxquisite
with a choice variety of apposite \embellisln. nemtt,- -..t2.417,
The sketch of Fergus Mac Ivor drawnAlt-lAltale--i. i
through the gates of Carlisle, on his vi•Ayitibl*Aitt'W---
is one of the most beautiful engravings we have AM:4lg
for some time, and the design does infinite cret.lit to
the artist, Sarjent.

PROVINCIAL LETTERS. Painter, Landon. 1842.

The most triumphant answers to the theological
doctrines of the writers of the "Tracts for the Times •
that we have yet happened to meet with are contained
in this series of Letters, which are the production of
the Rev. Stanley Faber, and appeared originally in
a monthly periodical, entitled the Churchman. They
are now re-published in one small duodecimo vellume..
and from the shrewdness and soundness of argument
that characterises them, as well as from the uniform,
perspicuity of their language, they will tend to con-
firm many whose religious notions may be yet un-
settled, and who _may be conscious of a leaning to-
wards the straight-laced, ex-cathedra dogmas of the
Oxford tactarians. The tenth letter, on the " Origin
of the Tract School, and Mr. Froude's Remains,"
exhibits specimens of argumentative. reasoning as
close and searching as any to be found in Campbell's
" Answer to Hume's Essay on Miracles," of which
well-known work, indeed, the " Provincial Letters"
frequently remind us.

THOMSON'S SEASONS. Longman, London, 1842.
Of all the editions that, have yet appeared of
Thomson's Seasons, the one before us is beyoikd
question the most' correct and the handsomest. Indeed
we know not that we ever saw a more beautiful vo-
lume, whether as regards its rich and costly, yet per-
fectly chaste, binding ; its thick, well-wove, glossy
paper ; its neat, distinct type ; or its admirable em-
bellishments. " The illustrations," observes the
Editor, Mr. Bolton Corney, " seventy-seven in Dum-
ber, have been executed from designs furnished
by various eminent artists, members of the
Etching Club, which, though of recent date.
has deservedly obtained celebrity. The designs
were drawn on the wood by the artists themselves,
and have been engraved with the utmost attention to
similitude, so that we behold in effect the very draw-
ings. I anticipate, as to the designs, the entire ap-
probation of the public. The artists have established
their relationship to the poet ; they have evinced a
similar intimacy with the forms and.phases of nature,
and a capability of giving each idea its apt expression.
Accustomed to co-operation, they have also imparted
to the series a harmony which we too frequently miss
in ornamental works.' This is high, but not unme-
rited praise. The embellishments are remarkable
for their appropriateness, as also for the exceeding
judgment and spirit with which they are executed.
Their variety is not less worthy of note, for there is
scarcely an incident, or description, or episode, in the
" Seasons" that has not received an apt illustration at
the hands of the artist. We have landscape sketches,
exhibiting every form of beauty, whether rude or cul-
tivated, sublime or sylvan ; pictures of homely, rural,
domestic life ; sea-coast scenes, some of whose exqui-
site designs remind us of Collins : graphic sporting
sketches ; and not a few of a purely fanciful cha-
racter. The illustrations of sun-rise, as described
in " Summer," may take place beside any of the most
glowing landscapes of Turner, in his best days.
The faint, distant orb is just seen rising from the
bosom of a vast expanse of waters, over which some
of the grey diminished vapours of night yet hang ; and
a solitary lover of the picturesque is represented
stretched indolently on the summit of a lofty crag,
watching the gradual progress of the dawn. The
episode. of " Celadon and Amelia " is not less deserv-
ing of favourable notice. In the first sketch, the
attached lovers are pourtrayed in the act of securing
shelter from a thunder-storm, and in the second,
Celadon is leaning heart-broken over the body of
Amelia, who has been struck dead by the lightning.
There is infinite tenderness and expression in this last
sketch. We trust that the success of this beautiful
volume—for successful it will assuredly be—may
have the effect of inducing the publisher to illustrate
other of our classic poets in the same style of • ex-
cellence.