The Sun.
London, England, 1842-12-06 00:00:00

IN RE THOMAS BIRD HUGHES..

The insolvent in this case was a barrister, residing
in chambers in the Inner Temple. The amount of
debts which appeared in his schedule was about 1,2001.
in the aggregate, and the number of Creditors was 71.
In reply to Mr. Commissioner Harris, he said he
had been writing for Loan Societies ; was entitled to
no property in reversion or possession. Had some law
books and other documents at his chambers. _ _

Mr. Commissioner HARRIS—You are entitled to
retain your law books.
He was declared entitled to be discharged forthwith.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

BOW-STREET.-(THIS DAY.),

An elderly man, who gave his name as HenryWat-
kind, and who stated that he was an attorney, was
charged with the following shocking assault upon Mr.
Millar, of the Strand, whereby he has •entirely lost
the sight of one eye.
A professional gentleman appeared for Mr. Millar,
who, from the injuries he had received, was quite
unable to attend, and stated that the prisoner last
evening came into the shop of Mr. Millar, who is a
cheesemonger in the Strand, and requested to see
some cheese which was in the window. The shopman
produced the half of a cheese, and said that it was the
other half of that in the window. The prisoner said
it was a d--d lie, it was not. Theshopman asked him
how much he wanted, and he said a pennyworth. The
shopman said he could not cut that cheese for a penny,an d
the prisoner said he was a liar. Mr. Millar who was at
the back of the shop at the time, then came forward
and remonstrated with the prisoner, and he (prisoner)
became very abusive, and Mr. Millar ordered him out
of the shop. The prisoner said he would give the
prosecutor a horse-whipping, and then the prosecutor
attempted to push him out, and as he did so the pri-
soner raised an umbrella which he had in his hand to
strike the prosecutor, and in doing so the end of the
umbrella entered Mr. Millar's eye, whereby it was
severely injured, so much so that he was unable to
attend in Court to-day.
The shopman proved the facts as stated.
Mr. Radcliffe, a surgeon residing in the Strand,
stated that he land attended Mr. Millar this morning,
and le found him suffering the most acute pain. He
had examined his eye, and found that the eye-ball had
been ruptured, whereby the sight of that eye was en-
tirely destroyed. There was no possible hope of its
ever being recovered.
. Mr. TWYFORD inquired if there were any other
dangerous symptoms.
Mr. Radcliffe said that death might ensue if the in-
jury done to the eye should affect the brain.
The prisoner, in his defence, said that the prosecu-
tor had sneered at him for asking for a pennyworth of
cheese, and had attempted to kick him out. The in-
jury done to his eye was entirely accidental.
Mr. TWYFORD said he should hold the prisoner to
bail himself in 1001., and two sureties in 50/. each, to
appear next Tuesday.
The prisoner said he had no friends in town who
would be bail for him, and he was sent to prison until
the prosecutor should be sufficiently recovered to ap-
pear against him.

MARLBOROU GII-STREET.
(THIS DAY.)
Susannah Collins, a middle-aged woman of cleanly
and decent appearance, was charged as follows :
Police Constable, No. 54, of the C division, statedthat
between 4 and 5 o'clock yesterday afternoon, he was
sent for to the billiard-room in South Molton-street,
Grosvenor-square, and the defendant was given into
his charge for conducting herself in a violent and dis-
orderly manner, and causing a great crowd of persons
to assemble and remain in front of the house. She
was in a very excited state, and kept calling out for
her daughter, who, she said, was secreted in the house,
to be given up to her, and although he assured her
that such was not the fact, she would not be pacified,
and witness was at length obliged to take her to the
station-house.

Mr. MALTBY asked the defendant what explana-
tion she had to give of such conduct ? The defendant
said that she was a widow, and was left with four chil-
dren to bring up by her labour alone. Her eldest
daughter, who would not be 14 years old until the Ist
of next March, was in a respectable situation with a
French lady in Duke-street, Manchester-square; and
on Saturday last she was enticed away from there by
a gentleman, who, she had been informed, took her to
the billiard-rooms, and had her secreted there. There
was also no doubt but that her child's ruin had been
effected, as her seducer took her to a brothel on Sun-
day evening, and remained with her during the night.
She had walked the streets for two days and nights in
search of her daughter, and on going to the billiard-
rooms her feelings were so over-wrought that she did
not know what she did or said. She believed her child
was concealed there.
Mr. MALTBY said the matter should be inquired
into, and ordered the defendant to be discharged.

MARYLEBONE—(THIS DAY).
Two respectable young men in appearance, named
Frederick Fisher and Charles Marsh, were placed at
the bar, charged with the following aggravated as-
sault :

It appeared from the evidence adduced that the
prisoners in a drunken frolic forced their way into
the sleeping apartment occupied by a young woman,
a milliner, named Helen Weaver, residing
in Hector-place, Crawford-street, and pulled her out
of bed, using the most gross violence. Her cries for
assistance brought the police, and the offenders were
given into custody. On their way to the station-
house, Fisher made a determined attack upon the
constable, whom he knocked down, and severely
handled, but more assistance arriving he was at last
secured. The other prisoner went quietly.
Mr. LONG said he should send Fisher, for his gross
conduct, to the House of Correction for a month ;
but on his mother representing that he was the only
support of the family, the punishment was mitigated
to a fine of 40s. Marsh was fined 20s.

UNION HALL.—(THIS DAY.)
Thomas Finucane, a medical student, was charged
with an offence very prevalent amongst " young doc
tors," namely, ringing bells at an unseasonable hour
of the night.
Mr. Wagstaff, a surgeon, residing in the Kenning-
ton-road, stated, that at a late hour on the preceding
night, he was awoke by a violent ringing at the sur-
gery bell. He got out of bed ; and, on going to see
who it was, found the defendant there ; and when
asked what he wanted, his reply was, that he re-
quired medical assistance, and, at the same time, burst
out laughing. He was requested to leave the place,
the complainant seeing that he was under the influ-
ence of liquor; but instead of availing himself of this
very wholesome advice, he commenced ringing away
again until it was at length found necessary to give
him into custody.
Mr. TRAIL—I shall now make you find bail to be
of good behaviour for the next six months.
The defendant was locked up until he found the re-
quired securities.

CLERKEN WELL.—(THIS DAY.)
William Daly was charged with violently assaulting
William Reynolds, at Sadler's Wells Theatre on the
previous night.
From the evidence of W. Reynolds, who is one of
the constables sworn in to preserve order in Sadler's
Wells Theatre, it appears that almost every night
crowds of young men of profligate character sur-
round the theatre. Many of them attempt to enter
the pit by fplse tickets or passes. Between ten and
eleven o'clock last night the prisoner presented a pass
for entrance to the pit. The complainant said he had
not been there before, and that the " pass" belonged
to somebody else. The prisoner insisted on his right
to enter, alleging that he had been there during the
entire performance. The constable questioned him
as to what it was, or who were the actors, but the
prisoner was unable to answer a single question. He
still vociferously demanded admission, and when
Reynolds attempted to force him back, he collared
him, and struck him several severe blows on the face,
and nearly suffocated him by twisting his neckloth.
Mr. GREENWOOD after giving strict directions to
the police to be very vigilant in suppressing all dis-
turbances, and arresting suspicious characters, said,
that he would oblige the prisoner to find bail to keep
the peace, and fine him 1/. in addition.

A hundred and forty-eight persons, who passed the
frontiers with the Polish insurgents, who have not ap-
plied from their present places of abode for pardon,
and did not seem to wish to take advantage of the
indulient pardon, and the time granted for their re-
turn, according to the Royal Ukase of the 16th Oct.,
1834, are now declared to be exiles from the empire,
and are for'ever forbidden to return to Russia ; at the
same time all that shall be proved to have belonged
to them is confiscated for the use of the Government.

We hear thatiheTuiMbetoT;UXdents at Gottingen,
in the winter quarter, which has just commenced, is
veryinuch decreased.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY)
LONDON, DEC. 6.—Wind this day at noon, southerly,
light, and hazy.
DEAL, DEC. s.—Wind S.W., light.—Arrd. Car-
natic, Cunningham, China.
OFF DOVER, DEC. s.—Welcome Home, Marseilles.
PLYMOUTH, DEC. 5, calm.—Arrd. John and Joseph,
Newcastle for Seville, put back 150 miles west of
Scilly, having lost bulwarks, stancheons, sails, &c.,
and sprung mainmast.
FALMOUTH, DEC. s.—Wind W.S.W., moderate
breezes.—Arrd. Montrose packet, with Mediterranean
mails. Sld. Jeune Lion, Bahia.
THURSO, DEC. I.—Arrd. Ulswater, Sydney, New
South Wales.
SCARBOROUGH, DEC. s.—The Maria Darlington,
Furch, from MiddleborOugh to Colchester, sank off
Filey Bridge yesterday morning; crew saved.
CORK, DEC. 3.—The barque Ruth, in leaving the
harbour this morning, got ashore on the mud, but is
expected off at high tide.
TAMPICO, OCT. 24.—The Mischief, from Liver-
pool, was off this port on the 25th ult., but was blown
away by a norther, and has not since been heard of.
SAVANILLA, Oct. 15.—The Celt, which sailed
hence for London a few days ago, has put back
leaky, and is likely to be condemned.
LIVERPOOL, DEC. s.—Wind W.S.W., moderate.—
Arrd. Parker, Demerara ; J. Allerton, New Orleans ;
Planter, James, Savanilla, sailed Oct. 15; Loo Choo,
Whippen, Savannah, sailed Bth ult. ; Scuter Johnny,
Little, Quebec. Sld. Lenira, Demerara; Aramuda,
New Orleans.
OFF CORK, DEC. 3.—Mango Park, Richardson,
Monte Video.
GIBRALTAR, Nov. 24.—The Emerald, Irons, from
Alexandria to Cork, was stranded near Punta Mala in
this Bay, 18th inst., but was assisted off without much
damage. The Enterprise, M'Ritchie, from Leghorn
to Liverpool, put into this port 20th inst., having lost
her mainmast off Corsica.
LISBON, Nov. 26.—A brig, name and nation un-
known, abandoned and on fire from her stern to the
main-hatchway, mainmast gone by the board, foremast
standing, with double-reefed topsail and foresail set,
with her head to N.E., was seen on the night of the
18th inst., at eight P.M.. 25 leagues S.W. of Scilly, by
the James Wearne, Morton, arrived here. At two

P.M. she suddenly. disappeared.
ALEXANDRIA, Nov. 21.—The wreck of an English
vessel was seen about 50 miles west of this port with
masts standing, but the sea was strong over her hull
by the —, arrived here to-day.
LISBON, Nov. 29.—The James Wearne, arrived
here to-day. Morton, from Liverpool to Beyrout, put
in here 28th inst. with loss of bowsprit, sails,
rigging, &c. The Espoir, Grosican, from Marseilles to
Rouen put in here 26th inst. leaky, and is ashore be-
low Belem Castle ; is discharging and expected to be
got off. The Mary Ann, Woodworth, from Alexan-
dria to London, /put in here this morning with con-
siderable damage in her upper works, sails, and rig-
ging. The Nova, Amizade, Borges Rio Janeiro,
arrived here to-day, lost anchors and cables on the
bar this morning. The Mary Jane, for Newfound-
land, and James Dunn, for St. Übes, have put back
with loss of anchors.

FREE TRADE.
(From the New York Daily Morning Post.)
GREAT MEETING OF THE WORKING MEN AT
TAMMANY-HALL.—This important meeting was not
less numerous and spirited than was anticipated. A
stream of hardy Democrats poured into the Great
Hall, and filled it to its full capacity the moment the
doors leading to it were opened. The meeting was
organised by the selection of Alderman Elijah F.
Purdy for chairman.
Twelve secretaries having been named, Mr. Purdy
took the chair.

Mr. SLAMM then produced the following Address
and resolutions, which were read and adopted :

ADDRESS TO TIIE MECHANICS AND WORKING MEN
OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF NEW YORK.

" The duty devolved upon us of directing the atten-
tion of the labouring classes of the city and county of
New York to the danger by which labour is sur-
rounded was never less difficult of execution. The
cheering news which pours in upon us as State after
State wheels into our ranks, has already done the
work to our hands. The cheat of Whig protection to
home industry is already seen through and appreciated.
"The history of the world is but the history of a
struggle for capital and power. In every page of it
we find capital resorting to every possible subterfuge,
to enable it to suck up the hard earnings of labour.
With the general spread of intelligence, a spirit of re-
sistance has grown up to the extortionate demands of
capital ; and in Great Britain the unwieldy propor-
tions of capital and the institution of white slavery,
are at length both sustained only by a large standing
army. And yet Great Britain, with all its affluence
of the few, and its grinding poverty of the masse3, is
the model government of the friends of the restrictive
system. The mechanics and working men who are
filling the teeming cities, and spreading over the broad
fields of this fruitful country, have yet to resist the
deleteilous influence of the institutions of Great Bri-
tain upon our own—to restore the perfect. equilibrium
between capital and labour—to prevent labour from
continuing in any degree a prey to the rich—to pre-
vent labour from striking two blows for capital and
one for itself.

" The first device of capital to obtain by indirec-
tion the earnings of labour is the banking system.
We have seen the whole capital of this country con-
centrated in banking incorporations. We have seen
them'swelled up by a portion of the capital of Europe.
We have seen issues of paper money creating artificial
rise in prices—tempting labour to hazard in specula-
tions the hard earnings of years. We have seen con-
tractions of the paper circulation, causing periodical
revulsions, in which the large estates have eaten up
the smaller; and we have seen the breaking down of
the banking system, its machinery, and its grand re-
gulator, before the progress of free opinion. 'With
the downfal of the banking system, the notion is fast
gaining ground that capital is monopoly enough of
itself, and that no other incorporation is needed, than
an incorporation of the intelligence of the mass, in
order to enable it to stand up against wealth.
" Having gone to the wall upon the banking sys-
tem, the friends of capital have concluded to play a
strong game upon the tariff. They yet hope that their
syren cry of protection to domestic industry will lure
to their ranks the unthinking and the credulous—that
the phrase of protection to home labour will prove
a bait that will be greedily swallowed. In order to
ascertain what protection to labour means, when put
forth by the party which contains ' all the respectabi-
lity and all the wealth,''' we have only to look to that
country where a kindred party has protected it to
the utmost. In Great Britain the system works to
admiration. After centuries of experiments, the pro-
blem of the capacity of capital to contrive, and labour
to endure, burdens seems there about to be resolved.
Lordly estates and princely pensions on the one hand,
and fatigue and starvation upon the other. Mechanics
and working men, shall we not resist at the threshold
the efforts of capital here to turn labour to its own
account ? Shall we not prevent the entering-wedge
of a system which, under the garb of protection, would
ultimately tax every article that enters into the con-
sumption of the labour of the country ? If the labour-
ing classes of Great Britain had the power to legis-
late, would they not free themselves at once from the
grievous.exactions of their wealthy capitalists; and
shall we, the real labourers and only true protectors
of labour here—shall we be led hood-winked to the

support of a party whose affinities are entirely with
the monied classes of Great Britain, whose hypocriti-
cal cant about protection is an insult to the true dig-
nity of labour ?
" The doctrines of free trade are more and more
appreciated as conducing to the benefit of the labour
of this great country; and the least departure from
these doctrines consistent with the collection of ade-
quate revenue, is all that can be yielded to its future
legislation. An equal or horizontal tariff would afford
sufficient revenue to the Government, and sufficient
and equal protection to labour; but it would not suit the
purposes of the capitalist, whose love for labour is
extremely discriminating. He loves the manufac-
turer of iron more than the builder, the rigger, the
navigator of a ship ; he loves the manufacturer of
coarse wools more than the grower of coarse wools.
His love for the manufacturer is a dollar a-yard, and

for the wool grower, a mill per pound. He loves that I
branch of industry the most, the gains of which he
can secure to himself the easiest. He loves anything
that is a corporation.
" The temporary ascendancy of the Whig party
has enabled the capitalist, in addition to a bank and
high tariff, to shadow forth their necessary adjunct, h
national debt. In order to bring labour into com-
plete subjection, the whole three are necessary. The
annual taxation of labour by the Government of
Great Britain, is two hundred and forty millions of
dollars • and of this sum one-halfgoes to the capitalist,
in the shape of interest upon the national debt. The
debt itself is viewed with indifference, but in the
struggle to meet the interest, labour seems to have
sunk into an entailed and grievous servitude. Shall
we not, mechanics and working men, resist here, all
debt, whether state or national, in its incipient stages?
Shall we not work with all our might against a party
which sets no bound to debt and extravagant expen-
diture—opposes all taxation of capital, and shifts off
upon labour all the burdens of payment?
" Our approaching State election again calls upon
us to sustain the democratic policy, the true working
man's policy, with reference to State debt and inter-
nai improvements. Shall we, through supineness,
again allow a party to take the reins, which at the
time of its arrest, was trafficking away, ata most ruin-
ous depreciation, the credit of the State—sinking us
deeper and deeper in embarrassment and debt? The
progress of democratic principles is onward; but it
must not be forgotton that eternal vigilance is the
price of liberty.'- The conviction that cur principles
are eternal, prevented our glorious democracy from
becoming disheartened when the cohorts of Whiggery

triumphed in the memorable campaign of 1840. The
general defection of the States from the Whig cause.
and their return one after another to the democratic
fold, leaves the 'Whigs no other boast of 1840, but
that it marks an epoch of their success in appeal-
ing to the passions, instead of the reason of the
people. Shall we, through divisions in our ownranks,
neglect to secure at the coming election, mem-
bers of Congress in favour of preserving the distinct
rights— the cherished institutions of the States ?
Shall we, from local or personal considerations, or
from sectional jealousies, hazard our ascendancy in
the State Legislature, and fail of sending back to his
post the distinguished democrat who now so ably re-
presents us in the Senate of the Union? If any in-
centive to duty is needed, we have only to look at the
heartless proscription which our divisions among our-
selves have enabled the bitter enemies of the demo-
cracy, though in a minority of thousands in this city,
to inflict upon us. Let us each one make some sacri-
fice for the common good. Let us present an undi-
vided front in favour of regular nominations. Let us
come out in our full strength, recollecting that we
now have to whip the federalists in their last strong-
hold, and in their very latest disguise. We have to
whip them now as the protectors of labour.

" RESOLUTIONS.

"Resolved, That the best protectors of the labour-
ing classes are the labourers themselves, and that to
the Whig capitalist .who volunteers in our behalf, we
reply in the language of Colonel Barre, in the British
Parliament, to the officials who claimed to have acted
upon a similar principle of protection towards the
early settlers of America. No ! they grew by your
neglect—the moment you began to care for them,
that care was manifested in sending over swarms of
officers, to eat out their substance, to misrepresent
their liberties, and to prey upon them.'
" Resolved, That we recommend to those protectors
of labour, the old democratic creed, so clearly stated
by Professor Holland, in order that their principles
and practice may hereafter more perfectly agree. A
perfect equality of political rights ; the sovereignty
of the State Governments; a strict construction of the
Constitution ; no privileges to particular sections of
the country, or to particular classes of the community;
no monopolies, trading companies, or corrupt govern
mental banks; frequent rotation, strict responsibility,
and small parade in office ; moderate legislation; a
revenue meeting the wants of the people, and no more ;
simplicity in the laws; and the least possible re-
straint upon the mind, person, energy, and industry,
of every man, consistent with the rights of his fellow-
men.

" Resolved, That while we hear of a large profit
already secured by the manufacturing capitalist in
the rise of his goods, awl of an advance in the com-
mon necessaries of life consumed by the labourer, we
have yet to hear of the first dollar added to his wages.
"Resolved, That the instincts of wealth are the
same everywhere—that the affection of capitalists for
the labouring classes is no more disinterested in Great
Britain than in the United States—that in monopo-
lising the earnings of labour in the former, they
march more boldly to their object; while here they
seek to obtain it by tricks in tariff, currency, and debt.
"Resolved, That the democracy of this country are
fast learning to interpret the catch-words of fede-
ralism. Log cabins and hard cider mean extreme
friendship for the labouring classes everywhere but
in Rhode Island—there it means disfrancisement ;
protection to labour means the securing to the
labourer ample opportunity to work, and to the capi-
talist, the profits of his labour in the shape of high
duties.

"Resolved, That the selection of William C. Bouck
and Daniel S. Dickinson, as candidates for the two
highest offices under our State Government, meets
our hearty and cheerful approval—that the further
selection of candidates to advocate and represent the
cardinal doctrines of democracy, made in accordance
with long cherished democratic usage, will doubtless
be such as to claim our undivided support—that the
success of our measures is so much more important
than the mere temporary elevation or depression of
any set of men—that, sinking every minor considera-
tion, we will carry the men for the sake of the mea-
sures."

The following resolutions were submitted by Hiram
M'Collum, Esq., and adopted :
" Resolved, That as mechanics and working men,
we are opposed to a tariff. "
Because, first, it tends to impoverish the country.
He who asks that a tariff of 25 per cent. be laid to
enable him to compete with the foreign manufacturer
of the same fabric does, by that simple demand, ac-
knowledge, that the labour of the country, as distri-
buted in its various occupations, does produce that
which exchanges for 25 per cent. more of the foreign
fabric, than could be produced by the same labour,
if diverted from the fields and mechanics' shops, and
employed in the home manufacture of the article
sought to be protected. If this be not true, why ask
protection ? Labour is more profitably employed,
else it could be successfully engaged in manufacture
without the aid of a tariff. A tariff, then, does not
enrich, it impoverishes a country. We are opposed
to a tariff because it distributes the burdens of Go-
vernment unequally, shifting its main support from
either for
the shoulders of the wealthy to those of the mechanic
theande
workingipert e
fmtehne. IG:vtetrantnxesentht7 or for the support ofem heavily,
the manufacturer.

"Resolved, that the argument most relied upon by
those who advocate a tariff, viz., that the agriculturist,
the mechanic, and the labourer are compensated for
the burthen which it imposes upon them, by relatively
high prices, a home market, increased consumption,
and increased demand for labour, is a fallacy. If the
price of labour and produce rise in proportion to the
protected article, how is the manufacturer benefited
by the tariff? It is evident that he would be obliged
to abandon his manufactory.
" Resolved, that for these and many other reasons
which might be adduced, we are in favour of perfect
and entire free trade, as the system by which alone
the labour of the country can be protected ; and while,
at present, we do not oppose a tariff sufficient to meet
the necessary and economical expenditures of the Go-
vernment, we trust, that at no distant day, this will
be effected by direct instead of indirect taxation.",

THE INCOME-Tax.—.The Commissioners com-
menced hearing appeals from the western district of
the City of London • yesterday, and made such
progress as to warrant the conclusion that their
labours will terminate in the course of the
present week. Out of the two hundred numbers
issued, one hundred and seventy-four were disposed
of, and the • hearing of the remainder adjourned to
Thursday next. One arrangement which was posted
up yesterday will greatly facilitate their labours,
namely, that which empowers the surveyor to dispose
of the cases of all clerks with salaries under 11501. a
year, but who have nevertheless been required to
make returns. These cases, which in such a place
as the city of London, must obviously form the great
majority of the appeals, being taken out of the juris-
diction of the Commissioners, will greatly lessen the
labour of those functionaries. The number of cases
disposed of in the eastern district was very great, but
the pressure of new business has as yet prevented the
clerks ascertaining the exact amount.

DitTnirig N
Mal: committedrecol-
lect,
last week by Alderman
Farebrother, on a charge of having broken a window
in the shop of Messrs. Doudney, of Fleet-street. The
worthy Magistrate declared his intention of seeking
an old Act of Parliament, by which he believed
I
"flogging at the carts tail" might be inflicted at the
termination of his imprisonment. The accused ap-
peared in good health when charged at the police-
office, but on arriving at the prison he became very
ill, and, gradually sinking; died, •at an early hour on
Sunday morning. Information • has been forwarded
to Mr. Payne, and an inquisition will be holden on the
body this evening.

the war with China to be the unholy thing which
PEACE WITH CHINA.—If the
they described it to be, their note of triumph is neither
Tories really believed
more nor less than an astounding blasphemy, and
deserves all the reprobation which good men can be-
stow upon it; while, if, as it should now appear, they
po-
litical rivals, they stand convicted of another mean-
ness,onl
ainbusaed dditiitonfotr theothesamkae of vilifying their po-
ny
others which they
have so unscrupulously employed to lower the Liberal
party in public estimation. Not only does Lord
Stanley thank the Almighty for giving a triumph
to an unholy (so called) warfare, but he speaks
of the Emperor of China being compelled to
recognise the claims, mark that, the claims, positively
the claims of Great Britain, thereby passing a vote of
censure, in language not to be exceeded in force and.
strength, on his colleague, Sir James Graham, and
' other malignants of the faction who have so indus-
triously laboured to prove that the rights of the car-
rel while all the wrong
was were
in this
Chinese,thnof the Colonies for the vindication of this branch of
entirely tcioreulny count
withy. theve
the foreign policy of the Melbourne Ministry._
Liverpool Albion.
BLETSOE.—NON-EMPLOYMENT OF AGRICULTURAI
LABOURERS.—I regret to inform you that indications
of a commotion among the agricultural labourers iii
this hitherto peaceable district begin to develope them
selves. Bodies of men have already begun
to assemble, and gone round in bands to
the farmers requesting employment. A body
of seven or eight men belonging to Harrold
went round to the farmers of that parish about the
beginning of last month, and in some places expressed
themselves in strong language, saying "they could
not starve, and bread they must have.' At length
one of the farmers gave them employment, but some
of them could not earn more than 6d. a-day.—Cor-
respondent of the Northampton Mercury,
BANKRUPTCY.—SuffoIk, Essex, .
Hefts, and Berks
form the district allotted to Mr. Commissioner Meri-
vale.—lpswich Express.

THE NECESSITY FOR BETTER
CHURCH GOVERNMENT.

(Prom the Bishop ofLlandaff's Triennial Charge.)
But the distraction introduced into our Church by
the circulation of certain opinions, and by ostenta-
tiously practising forms of no intrinsic importance,
as if they were vital parts of Christianity, is an evil
which requires some more definite and decisive autho-
rity to control it than the actual condition of our
national Church supplies. The diocesan is in the first
instance the appointed guide in cases of doubt. But
different Bishops may decide differently ; and cases of
doubt will multiply, as time goes on, and manners
change, and unforeseen circumstances arise. Even
that serious point of discipline, the repelling communi-
cants from the Lord's table, which by the Rubric is
in certain cases enjoined, often involves doubts for
NN hich no adequate solution is provided
The question of lay baptism, as entitling a deceased
I person to burial with the rites of the Church, is in-
deed now decided by the highest authority ; and to
that authority it is our duty to bow. But when we
read the reasons upon which the decision is made to
rest, and find it stated, that because the Church has
generally held the validity of lay baptism in cases of
emergency, so far as to preclude the practice of re-bap-
tising, therefore, it is to be regarded also as sufficient,
our knowledge of ecclesiasiastical antiquity makes us
reject such a conclusion, if by it is meant that no
further act is requisite to entitle the party to all the
privileges of Church membership. Whatever the
Church may in charity have conceded to those who,
being baptised by lay hands in infancy, died before
they were formally received into the Church, we ven-
ture to declare, upon the evidence of ancient writers
and of ancient canons, that the practice of the Church
has ever required, as a general rule, such baptism to
be completed, either by solemnly receiving the infant
into the Church, or by confirmation with laying on of
hands by the Bishop.
To infer from a permission given in cases of urgent
necessity, and that too when all the parties concerned,
though laymen, were yet members of the Church,
that, therefore, a heretic or a schismatic may, without
necessity, and acting in open defiance of the Church,
merely by using the scriptural form of baptism, con-
fer the full privileges of the Church, and that the
clergy are bound to give their services in burying
such a person, though never recognised, directly or in-
directly, as a member, is certainly wrong in Christian
theology, as attested by the uniform practice of the
Church in all ages, however deficient the ecclesiastical
laws of this country may now be in providing for
such cases. Before the Reformation such a case could
not have happened.
Yet in the actual constitution of our National
Church there is no remedy for this grievance. We
must, therefore, obey the law, as expounded by our
lay Judges. The Church, must, to use a phrase inju-
riously applied to her sacred formularies, " continue
to work in chains ;" but we may appeal to the Legis.
lature for emancipation from this bondage, contradic-
tory as it is not only to the whole tenor of our eccle-
siastical polity, but to the plainest principles of reason
and equity. We have no wish to debar those who
are out of the pale of the National Church from Chris-
tian burial—not even to deprive them of what is said
to be their civil right, burial in the churchyard of the
parish to which they belong—but for the Minister of
the parish to be compelled to read the service of the
Church over those who neither belonged nor wished
to belong to the Church is a grievance far beyond
any which sectaries complain of as imposed upon
themselves.
The best remedy, however, for this and for other
existing anomalies is a topic of such vast extent and
importance, that I must content myself with having
barely touched upon it. It will not be long, I trust,
before some ecclesiastical jurisdiction is framed, com-
petent to decide questions of a purely spiritual cha-
racter ; or a commission, at least, appointed to prepare
such laws,_ under the sanction of the Sovereign, as the
state of the Church, from time to time, may seem to
call for. Whether a convocation of the whole clergy
of thesealin be the form best calculated to give effect
to Church government may well be doubted. Such
bodies have been held by judicious and pious men to
lead to so much strife and ambition, as to defeat in a
great measure the good purpose for which they were
convened. It has been thought that the evil will
always predominate over the good; and certainly the
latest experience this country had of them tends to
favour that opinion. But the increasing conviction of
the necessity of an efficient Church government will,
if temperately expressed, doubtless lead to this im-
provement, under some form or other.
In the meantime, my Reverend Brethren, be it our
eare to strive without ceasing against the prevailingevil
of this part of the country, religious dissension ; to
bring together, as far as lies in our power, the scat-
tered sheep of Christ's flock, and to unite them in
one fold, as the Redeemer willed them to be, and ap-
pointed us his ministers for that purpose. If they still
obstinately refuse, let it not ruffle our temper, or in-
terrupt charity—nay, let it not grieve us overmuch or
be the cause of lasting uneasiness or vexation in our
minds. God forbid that we should cease to pray for
them, although we bear testimony against the sinful-
ness of the course they are pursuing. Whatever the
issue may be here, such labour of love you are sure
will not be unrewarded in Heaven. Your greatest
difficulty will be to induce minds trained in another
school, and long alienated from the discipline of the
Church, to lend an unprejudiced ear to your instruc-
tion. That point once gained, I am certain that
many will be brought to understand the obligation
they are under to join us, in obedience to the last
solemn injunction of the Blessed Founder of the
Church : and what they are brought at first to do as
an act of obedience to him, for conscience sake, they
will soon by habit learn to do from pious affection,
and from a desire of that comfort to the soul, which
true devotion, under the guidance of the Church, never
fails to afford.

LORD IIUNTINGTOWER'S IN-
SOLVENCY.
COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, DEC. 3.
To-day Mr. Commissioner Fonblanque resumed his
sittings in the investigation of this extraordinary case.
He took the business in the Judges' Chamber up-
stairs, and at 11 o'clock precisely it commenced. Lord
Huntingtower being still in custody, was attended to
the Court by two of the tipstaffs of the Queen's Bench
Prison. The course of inquiry pursued on the pre-
dent occasion was the examination of his Lordship's
transactions in the shape of bill discounts, &c., with
Messrs. Angell and Cooper, money-scriveners, of
Warwick-chambers, Beak-street, Regent-street. Mr.
Nias, the solicitor to the fiat, conducted the examina-
tion. His Lordship was protected by Mr. Marsh-
man ; and Mr. E. James appeared for Messrs. Angell
and Coo,per.
Mr. 1. J. Angell examined by Mr. Nias—How
long have you known the bankrupt, Lord Hunting-
tower?--Since June, 1841, I think. I was intro-
duced to his Lordship at that time by Captain Byng,
for the purpose of raising for his Lordship's use a
large sum of money. Oa that introduction we en-
tered into business for his Lordship. The particulars
of this transaction were these :—I received four bills,
amounting to 1,0001., drawn by Captain Byng, and
accepted by his Lordship, which were given me as
the agent for Mr. Chandler, who gave into my hands
the sum of 8601., which I handed to his Lordship.
This was the consideration given for the 1,0001. bills.
Mr. Chandler is, or was, a money scrivener, residing
at 36, Bury-street, St. James's.
Mr. Angell was here requested by Mr. Nias to
withdraw. •
Mr. James took a legal objection to Mr. Angell's
evidence, but the examination was continued. —What
was your next transaction with his Lordship ?—The
next transaction, as far as I recollect, was an applica-
tion made by our firm on his behalf to the General
Reversionary and Investment-office, Charles-street,
Iftegent-street, for 40,000/.
What was your next transaction with or on behalf
of his Lordship ?—I really am unable to furnish you
with a strict account of these transactions, as Mr.
Cooper attended to that particular department.
Did you receive from his Lordship any bills of ex-
chfinge or promissory notes ?—To the best of my re-
collection I received two bills of exchange in addition
to the 1,000/. worth of bill before mentioned. I wish
to. say that these bills were our own transactions with
hu; Lordship—that we discounted them, in faet, in
co asequence of an application from his Lordship that
b.: was much pressed for money. One was for 5751.,
rind the other for 1,0001. The 5751. is in the hands
of Mr. Moss Davis, as trustee for us. Of the other
bill (I mean the 1,000/. bill), I do not know what has
become of it, but I believe Mr. Cooper can tell.
What consideration did you give to the bankrupt
for the last-named two bills of exchange, and when .?
—5OOl. was given by us to Lord Huntingtower, and
we can prove we paid 5751., the amount of the bill,
to obtain the money for ourselves. We made no profit
of it. His Lordship applied to us, being pressed for

money.
Did you give the bankrupt any more than the
5 001. you mentioned for the two bills of 1,0001. and
's7sl.?—Yes, most decidedly. 8501. was given by us
to :his Lordship.
Do you mean to say that you have given to the
balikrupt 8501. in addition to the 5001. you have men-
tioned for the two last-named bills d exchange ?
Al ost distinctly. That is 1,3501. The 1,0001. bill
aL io we made no profit upon. I wish to explain, in
re Terence to what I have already stated, that the
1, 0001. bill forms part of the judgment in the war-
n 'nt of attorney taken from his Lordship at the time
a settlement of accounts took place between us, and
w hen Mr. Bower was acting as his Lordship's so-
li( iitor. Perhaps you will allow me to say that we
tc ok a bond of indemnity from Lord Huntingtower
'to. secure us against the consequences of our having
drawn and endorsed the bill of 5751. fcir his accom-
re.odation, and in contemplation of our becoming
15. able as drawers to his Lordship for bills to the
a mount of 5,000/. Not to exceed 5,0001. That bond
( Af indemnity is in the hands of Mr. Moss Davis. In

consequence of our want of faith in his Lordship, this
transaction was not carried out beyond the 5751.•
consequently the judgment entered into for 10,0001.
against his Lordship stands only as security for
the 5751.
(Inquiry here took place relative to the warrant of
attorney obtained from his Lordship.)
Did you receive any money out of Court in a cause
called " Ryan against Lord Huntingtower ;" if so,
what amount ?—Yes, between 7001. and 8001., the
amount being one-third of the whole amount taken
out of Court, except some expenses paid to Messrs.
Bower and Back, agents of Mr. 'ootner, Lord
Huntingtower's attorney. Mr. Moss Davis received
the other two-thirds, which would be double the
amount.

Mr. Angell, in continuation—There are two bills of
exchange received from Mr. Hume, which also go in
reduction of this warrant of attorney, and a further
sum of 2501. cash, paid at the time the ‘l'lirrant of
attorney was signed.
Have you any and what claim upon his Lordship
under the judgment entered up on the warrant of
attorney dated the 13th of Dec. ?—The amount we
claim upon that warrant of attorney, to the best of
my knowledge, is about 3,0001.
Are all your transactions with the bankrupt entered
in the cash-book now produced ?—I believe they are,
and if not, I shall be happy to afford all the informa-
tion I can.
Has any account between your firm and the bank-
rupt ever been made out, examined, and signed by
you and the bankrupt ?—No ; but a short statement
was made by Mr. Bower at the time the warrant of
attorney marked A was taken, and I applied to Mr.
Bower this morning for that statement, as I kept no
copy of it, and he informed me, that in the absence of
an authority from Lord Huntingtower, he should not
be justified in handing the same to me. The parti-
culars of that statement, to the best of my belief, are
as follow :—Mortgage, 3,036/. ; the bill for which the
indemnity was taken, 5751. ; bill of exchange for
1,000/. ; premiums on insurance, say about 1201. ;
cash, 50/. ; costs, 4611. 12s. 2d. ; the credit to Lord
Huntingtower for 250/. cash, and also credit for 250/.
on an I 0 U, which he never paid, making a total of
5001. to be deducted from 5,2421. 12s. 2d., leaving
4,742/. 12s. 2d., for which the warrant of attorney
was taken. The statement referred to was made out
by Mr. Bower, and his Lordship was asked by Mr.
Bower if that was correct? His Lordsqip replied
that he was perfectly satisfied therewith, and that the
same was correct. This conference took place in
Grafton-street, at the residence of the Countess Dy-
sart, about three or four o'clock in the afternoon.
The-parties I saw there were Mr. Hume, Mr. Flower,
Mr. Bower, Mr. Steele. Mr. Douglas, I think, was
in the house, but I did not see him, and my partner,
Mr. Cooper, was also there.
Mr. Nies said, he thought when his Honour came
to hear the charge alleged against Messrs. Angell and
Cooper, it would be his - opinion that the course he
(Mr. Nias) was pursuing in this examination was the
proper one. He was instructed that the facts were
that Messrs. Angell and Cooper when they waited on
his Lordship at the Countess Dysart's took with them
Mr. Flower and a policeman. The policeman waited
outside the door, and when his Lordship came down
he was told that there was a policeman outside the
door ready to take him into custody for obtaining
money under false pretences. Mr. Bower, the agent
for Mr. Footner, the solicitor to his Lordship, hap-
pened to be in the house, and instead of its being
between three and four o'clock, as had been stated, he
was instructed that it was after dinner, which was
rather between six and seven o'clock. When his
Lordship came down stairs and found that there
was a policeman and an Old Bailey practitioner
ready to take him before the Magistrates at
Marlborough-street on the grave charge alleged,
which was the threat held out, his Lordship sent
up stairs for Mr. Bower. It was then stated, so he
was instructed, that, without full security was given
at that time, and at that place, his Lordship would
have to take the consequences. Lord Huntingtower,
naturally enough, alarmed at the presence of Mr.
Flower, and the attendant policeman, consented to
give a warrant of attorney, and the account was actu-
ally drawn out by Mr. Angell himself. Mr. Bower
advised his Lordship not to give any such security,
intimating at the same time, that as there was an Old
Bailey practitioner present on behalf of Messrs. Angell
and Cooper, it would be as well that one should be
called in for his Lordship's assistance. Mr. Steele,
another Old Bailey practitioner, was sent for. He
came. He also advised his Lordship not to submit
to any warrant of attorney, but this did not suffice to
calm his Lordship's fears, who was still anxious to
get rid of the threat by giving the warrant of attorney.
It seemed somewhat singular how all these gentlemen
—Mr. Hume, who had swept away the whole of the
estate, and against whom Mr. James so loudly the
other day proclaimed, Mr. Douglas, who was now
not to be found, and the others—were by accident
at the residence of the Countess the very day and
hour this warrant of attorney was given. But there
they were, and the warrant of attorney was prepared
in the house by Mr. Angell, and Lord Huntingtower
signed his name to it. IVith respect to the allegation
of Mr. Bower being the attesting witness on the occa-
sion, he was only so at the earnest desire of his Lord-
ship, who entreated him to put his signature to the
document. The Court well knew that under the new
rules of the Judges the attorney was made to declare
himself a consenting party, and admit the account to
be correct. This, he was instructed to say, was the
history of that warrant of attorney, and he had no
doubt but that he should be able to work it out if his
course of examination were allowed to proceed.
Mr. James objected to setae questions that were put
in pursuance of this examination, when
Mr. Nias, in support of his right of examination,
contended that the admission of Mr. Jones was in fa-
vour of the course he was pursuing. Mr. Angell's
claim was a. charge upon the estate now withheld from
the bona fide creditors. It was a registered judgment,
and though not in action against the bankrupt's pro-
perty, could be brought into action immediately that
property appeared.
Mr. James—You say there is no property.
Mr. Nias—Oh yes, there is property, we hope,
when these claims are cleared away.
Mr. James—You must establish that, then, before
you can inquire.
Mr. Commissioner FONLLANQUE having referred to
the clause of the Act, said, I shall take time to consi-
der this point. A doubt does appear to arise in my
mind as to its being the estate that is meant. There
is also the word " dealings," which will allow of con-
siderable scope, but it must be considered, which I
will do between the present time and our next sitting.
If the legality or illegality of the transaction can be
proved in any manner to affect the bankrupt's estate,
then it will be a question whether they can do it,
quia tirneat.
Mr. James said, he thought he should be able to
point out to his Honour two or three cases when he
next came before the Court.
The proceedings were therefore adjourned, for the
consideration of the point of law raised.
MoNnAy.—This day the further examination of
witnesses was resumed in the matter of this bank-
ruptcy, which has already occupied so much of the
public attention.
Mr. Nias attended as solicitor for several creditors,
and Mr. Delamere for witnesses who were examined
in the course of the day.
Mr.-Matthew Sherborne, sworn and examined by
Mr. Nias, stated in substance as follows :—I am an
oilman, carrying on business in Oxford-street, and
also a farmer at Euston, near Hounslow. Knew a
person of the name of Chandler, who lived with a
Mr. Whitehead, and mho brought certain bills of the
bankrupt's to discount, to the amount of 4,0001., and
for which I gave cash to the sum of 3,2001. I was
given to understand by him that they were good bills,
or I would not have cashed them.
Mr. Sherborne underwent a long examination as to
whether, and when, he had instituted any proceed-
ings against Lord Huntingtower for these bills, to
which he could not give any very definite answers.
It was, however, before he was threatened with cer-
tain proceedings in the Court of Chancery on behalf of
Lord Huntingtower.
At the-time that the bills became due, had any
person but yourself an interest in them ?—(A pause).
—No one.
By Mr. Nias—Did you ever execute any instru-
ment relating to these bills ?—No, I am quite sure I
did not.
When did you first give authority to any person to
act on your behalf ?—Why, I have mostly lived in the
country, and my brother has acted for me.

Did you ever give Chandler a power to act for you

—Chandler tool: the bills ; he vas to act for me, and I
put the things upon a firmer basis.
When did you first know of the dishonour of these
bills ?—I cannot state, as I kept them with Chandler
to manage: for me.
Having given Chandler an authority to act for you,
why did your brother interfere in the conduct of the
business ?—. Because he was unconcerned with Lord
Huntingtower.
Were the bills ever in the possession of your bro-
ther Edward ?—Never.
You have been asked if, before your brother told
you that proceedings should be taken, whether you
gave instructions in your own name to proceed for the
recovery of these bills, and to which you have an-
swered "No ;" have you any further explanation to
give of the matter now ?—None, except that I left it
all to Chandler to act as best he could for me.
Did you give these instructions or authority in
writing ?—Never.
Mr. Edward Sherborne, of the Strand, was next
called in, and examined by Mr. Nias—l have a claim
against the bankrupt for 20,500/. upon bills, which I
now produce ; but I cannot state the particular month
in which I received them. It was, however, at my
own house in the Strand, when no one was present
except Chandler, and perhaps one of his messengers,

who was in the habit of bringing notes to me upon

business.,
Wha,t consideeion did you give for these bills?--
Sixteen shillings 4n the pound for 18,500/. ; and 17s.
6d. in the pound'for 2,000 k
Was that paid by cheques or bank notes, or in
what manner ?—By cash or cheques, which I might
happen to have in hand at the time that I took to
(discounted) the bills, for I keep no banker.
Are these bills entered in any book kept by you ?
No. _ _

_
Is any thing relating to these bills entered in any
2.
books kept by you ?—No.
Is the consideration which you hare stated you
gave for these bills entered in any book kept by you ?

For your ordinary business purposes do you keep
books ? Yes.

Are you sure that you have made no entry in these
books of the bills of exchaaL:e, or (.f the consideration
given for them ?—Sure, farther than this, if I have
had 20/. out of my business, or any other sum, I have
charged myself with it.
Can you, by reference to your books, show any sum
whatever given by you for these bills ?—No.
State the particulars of the cheques which you say
you gave in part consideration for these bills
only speak of cheques I had in hand, and which I
might have received in business or otherwise.

Can you show the source from which you obtained
either the cheques or bank notes which you state you
gave in consideration of these bills ?—:l4.

Can you name any person capable of supplying the
Mfor [nation ?—No.

Did you take any thing in writing from Omniler
or any body else, which, if produced, would furnish
that information ?—No.

An application was here made to the Learned
Commissioner, by Mr. Delamere, but from the low
tone of voice in which he spoke we could not accu-
rately carch his object.
Mr. Commissioner FONBLANQUE—If I find assets I
shall direct a dividend to be made as rapidly as powsi-
ble, and those creditors who do not come in to prove
in time will most probably get nothing. I have per-
mitted this examination to proceed thus far in order
to afford every man mixed up in it, if he have a par-
ticle of reputation left, to manifest his anxiety to sup-
port it. My thorough determination is not to wait •
the declaration of a dividend for those creditors who

have not proved. The creditors who have proved are
fully entitled to this inquiry, and I think Mr. Dela-
mere will best discharge his duty to his client by ••
urging him to give the fullest answers in his power to
I all such proper questions as may be put to him.
By Mr. Nias—Has any portion of the considera-
tion which you say you gave for these bills ever
reached the hands of the bankrupt, to your know-
ledge ?
Mr. Delamere desired the witness not to answer
the question.
Mr. Commissioner l'orammieuz—lt is a question
as to a direct dealing with the bankrupt. As such,
it is a legal question, and if not answered I shall
commit the witness.

Mr. Delamere—lf, sir, according to your decision
in the matter of Angell, this witness is not in a con-
dition to be examined at all, then I submit that this
question cannot be put to him ; and if put to him
again, I alvise him not to answer it.
Do you know W. H. Douglas, the endorser of these
bills ? Witness—Under advice I shall decline ans-
wering that question.
Mr. Delamere—The truth is, we do not wish to
prove. _

Mr. Nias (to witness)—Sign your depositions.
➢lr. Delamere—l advise him not to sign that which
contains your objectionable questions.

Mr. Commissioner FONBLANQUE—The witness has
consented to answer certain questions. These ques-
tions are legal ; he must sign his depositions, and if he
refuse to do so, I shall commit him.

This decision had its effect, and the witnes signed
his depositions, when the Court rose, and the hearing
was adjourned.

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH
ARCHITECTS.

The first meeting of the session was held last night,
when Mr. Hardwicke took the chair, alluding, in so
doing, to the regret with which the President, Earl
de Grey, was compelled to absent himself. A number
of letters were read from M. R. Rochette, and other
foreign members.
Mr. G. GODWIN offered some observations on the
pulpits of Belgium, and presented a drawing
of one from the cathedral at Malines, as an
illustration of the whole class. It represents
the conversion of St. Paul. The saint and his

horse are on the ground, at the foot of a mass
of rock, forming the pulpit. Christ on the cross,
the Virgin and other figures, enter into the composi-
tion, and a continuation of the rock-work and shrubs
forms the sounding-board. That at Louvain is simi-
lar. St. Gudule, at Brussels, has a fine pulpit of this
class, which is well known. In some, marble figures
and tablets are introduced, as at St. Bum', in Ghent.
Professor Ilosking then read some elaborate reports
on the present state of the church of St. Mary, Red-
cliffe, and the proposed restorations there, drawn up
by Mr. Britton and himself at the request of the pa-
rish authorities, who are exceedingly anxious to ren-
der this noble fabric complete, or at all events to pre-
vent further injury from occurring to it. St. Mary's
is unquestionable one of the finest parish churches in
England, and deserves every efihrt that is made in its
favour.