The Sun.
London, England, 1829-08-21 00:00:00

St ihiT 011 THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

We have already briefly noticed the report o
the Select Committee appointed to inquire into
the Irish Miscellaneous Estimates, with the ex-
ception of three, viz. those for the Association
for Discountenancing Vice, for the Kddare-
street Education Society, and for the College of
Maynooth, which not having been voted in
supply on the 3d of April, did not come under
the consideration of the Committee ; and we
think it right, as the report contains much cu-
rious matter, again to advert to it, especially as
the situation of the country at this moment im-
peratively calls for the most rigid economy in
every public department. The principle under
which the Irish Civil Estimates were originally
made a part of the public expenditure, was this,
—By a clause in the Act of Union it was pro-
vided, that " a sum not less than the sum
granted by the Parliament of Ireland, on the
average of six years immediately preceding the
Ist of January, 1800, for the internal encou-
ragement of agriculture and manufactures, or for
maintaining institutions for pious and charitable
purposes, shall be applied for the period of 20
years to such local purposes in Ireland, in such
manner as the Parliament of the -United King-
dom shall direct." This:: stipulation has not,
however, been adhered to, either with respect to
the duration of the term, or the amount of the
sums voted. Taking the average of the six
years immediately preceding the Union, the
Irish Parliament appears to have annually voted
73,2771., which, continued • for 20 years,
would have amounted to 1,465,540/. ; but the
Parliament of the United Kingdom has gone
on voting those Civil Estimates for 28 years ;
and, on striking the average, it will be found
that the sum voted was in no given
,year less
than 100,0001., and for the three years from
January, 1813, to January, 1816, the annual
average was 343,5271. The total sum thus
granted for 28 years was 4,348,3521., being an
lexceeding beyond what was prescribed by the
articles of Union of no less than 3,882,8121.
Had this enormous sum been expended upon
objects really beneficial to Ireland, we are sure
that our greatest sticklers for economy would not
utter a complaint against its being so appropri-
ated ; but the Report of the Committee proves
that it has not been so bestowed. It has been
laid out on jobs, to the great benefit of the do-
minant party in Ireland, but not only not ad-
vantageous but in many instances absolutely de-
trimental to the interests of the country. The
Committee have performed their duty honestly
and impartially ; and the extensive reductions re-
commended by them, show very clearly that they
view, as wasteful and extravagant, the system on
which the public money has been for many years
expended in Ireland. In many cases they call
for the abolition of the present grant altogether,
others they recommend to be reduced one-half
or one-third, and there are very few indeed of
the items forming the estimates of which they
entirely approve; but even to these they direct
the attention of Parliament, in the hope that
they may be beneficially modified. The Commit-
tee, in alluding to the diminution of numbers in
the Protestant charter schools, which was com-
menced in 1825, by removing 300 children an-
nually from the institution, are of opinion that
this plan should be continued, till the number
left on the establishment can be supported by the
funds attached to those schools (which in the
present year amount t 0.6,7370 without further
Parliatnentary aid. A-saVitig of about 20,0001.
a-year will thus be effected, and a nuisance, the
effect of which was to create' ill blood and dis-
senbion, which must alwayS prevail where religi-
ous proselytism is the object in view,- will he
considerably abated. The Committee teem-
mend the abolition of the Foundling Hospital
after the Ist of January, 1830; being convinced
that the two objects of the institution, the pre-
servation of the lives of destitute children and

their subsequent education, can be better effected
by other means. The view taken by the Com-
mittee on this subject is wise. The Foundling
Hospital offered, in fact, a premium for inconti-
nence, at an annual expense to the public of
between 20,0001. and 30,0001. a-year. The
Committee throw out several useful suggestions,
relative to the Richmond Lunatic Asylum and
the Hibernian Military School. They recom-
mend that the former, when a sufficient number
of district lunatic asylums shall have been esta-
blished through Ireland, shall be converted into
a lunatic asylum for Dublin and some of the
adjacent counties, to be supported by local as-
sessment, and not by Parliamentary grant ; and
they recommend the latter establishment to be
brought under the direct controul of the mili-
tary departments, in the same manner, and
voted in the same estimate, with the military
asylum in England. The Committee cannot re-
commend the continuance of the Parliamentary
grant to the Hibernian Marine School, because
the benefits of it are not confined to the children
of sailors who have served on board his Ma-
jesty's ships of war, and they therefore propose
that the grant shall be gradually reduced, and
ultimately discontinued. The amount of Par-
liamentary aid to the female orphan house to be
brought, as speedily as circumstances will permit,
to a sum not exceeding one-half the annual ex-
penditure of the establishment. The committee
express their opinion that great advantage has
been derived from the Royal Dublin Society,
established in 1731. They think, however, that
the private funds of the society might be in-
creased, principally by charging a certain sum to
those who attend the lectures, which are now
given gratuitously, and its claim on Parliamen-
tary aid placed on a footing more unobjection-
able than at present. The Committee recom-
mend that the purchase of books and periodicals
should be strictly limited to those species of
publications which are suited to an establishment
scientific and literary. The annual grant of
3001. to the Royal Irish Academy is approved
of without comment. One of the most gratify-
ing items in these Estimates is that which re-
lates to the Commissioners of the Board of
Charitable Bequests, appointed under the Act
of 40 Geo. 111., cap. 75. It appears that these
Commissioners have, since the year 1802, re-
covered sums of money belonging to various
charities, which had been diverted from their
proper purpose, amounting in the whole to
9 .4s. 6(i.
'239,707/. I7s. 10d., together with permanent
annuities to the amount of 3,853/. Gs. 9d. per
m annu ; and that suits are either pending,
or proceedings in progress, or under consi-
deration, recovery
amount-
ing, in the whole, to 75,9501., and of per.
annuitiest for the
to
the
amount of
of 5um5,1,55l
an
The Parliamentary grants to this board during
twenty-three years an4onnt to 13,029/.—a very
ineonsideralge sum compared with what has
been recovered. fir. O'Connell,
in his evi-
dence before the committee, expressed his dis-
approbation of the 40th Geo. M., because it
gives to the commissioners inquisitorial poisess,
the existence of which has
prercut4ed, to his

Difeoun't .
-7.boliAH s making charitable bequests
tc" ' - -I
tA: *AO; 'Oat the commissioners may
i,,: 'Llsigil: Vliihthein. '" I always consi-
...., ertit§i&te}/t-lhat it was quite unnecessary
-s,f .4.,1ia thjt.;:stattjte, 'because whenever a legacy
,iitilyeiVas'fa -charity, the objects of that charity
.„
;lime a sufficient motive to insist upon its being
paid ; and the next of kin, who has been disap-
pointed by means of the charity, has also a mo-
tive of resentment sufficiently strong to induce
him to inform the Attorney-General, so as to
have the charity enforced by the interference and
duty of the Attorney-General" We entirely
differ from Mr. O'Connell. We are sure that
without this inquisitorial power the commis-
sioners; instead of effecting a great deal, could
have accomplished nothing ; and as to the " suf-
ficient motive" which individuals beneficially in-
terested in a charity or the disappointed next of
kin might have to call on the Attorney-General
to enforce the execution of a testator's will, the
futility of the argument becomes at once appa-
rent,
when we recollect that during. a lorJg series
of years, and under a long succes`..,..on of Attor-
neys-General, the abuses 7,1,-itch the tommis_
sioners have detected •and rectified were go.
ing on, and nei.::ner the objects of charity
thus cheated, ';ear the next of kin, made any
application cor the interference of the Attor-
ney. General. In very many instances it is
probable that the parties interested were, from
lapse of time, unacquainted with the fact. With
respect to the dread felt by Roman Catholics lest
any charitable bequest made by them should
be interfered with by the Commissioners, it ap-
pears, on .Mr. O'Connell's own showing, that
It arises from an ignorance of the law. Mr.
O'Connell cites two decisions of Lord Chan-
cellor Manners, which prove the perfect validity
of bequests made by Catholics for charitable pur-
poses. He says, "in the case of ' Merry v.
Power,' the opinion of Lord Manners was, in
the first instance, unfavourable to the Catholic
charity. Afterwards, upon the Master's report,
it again came before Lord Manners ; and upon
further consideration, he decided that his first
opinion was wrong, and his ultimate judgment
was in favour of the charity. There was another
decision of Lord Manners, when there was 201.
left for saying masses for the repose of the soul
of a person departed, and the decision of Lord
Manners was, that it was a good charity, over-
ruling the report and opinion of the Master."
" But," adds Mr. O'Connell, " these decisions
. are very little known beyond the precincts of the
hall of the Four Courts. They are known, per-
haps, to professional men, and that, pelhaps, is
all." Why, we ask, are they not made generally
known by the popular Catholic Barristers to the
whole Catholic community, for the purpose of
removing their fears, and of restoring that con-
fidence, with respect to the proper application of
any charitable bequest they may make, which, it
appears from Mr. O'Connell's statement, they do
not at present feel ? The Committee express
their approval of the provisions established fur
the check and control of the general operations
of the department of the Board of Works, as
" well calculated to prevent abuse." Some of
those provisions might, in our opinion, be very
advantageously adopted by the Board of Works
here, the machinery of which, as we may collect
from the recent case of Mr. Nash, is exceedingly
defective. In describing the mode of proceed-
ing which the Board are obliged to adopt, Mr.
Robinson, their secretary, states—" When the
architect • estimated any nerd works, or re-
-Isaira a C.... Tailors., _to .exceed 1001. such es-
timate is laid before the Lord-Lieutenant for
his Excellency's approbation ; which, being ob-
tained, the commissioners proceed to contract for
the execution of such works by public advertise-
ment in the newspapers, and by competition,
before a board of commissioners, taking good
and sufficient security for the due performance of
the same." Things ara managed in a more snug
and secret manner here ; and, whether the re-
sponsibility in the erection, repair, or pulling
down of public buildings, attaches to the Trea-
sury, to the Board of Works, or to the Com-
missioners of Woods and Forests, it is almost
impossible to discover. " The respective duties
of the subordinate officers of the board. (it is
stated by Mr.-. Robinson) are clearly defined, to
each of whom, on entering office, an oath is ad-
ministered, 'declaring that he will execute the
duties of his office diligently, faithfully, and im-
partially, without having any private respect to
himself, in prejudice of the service in which he.
is thus engaged ; and all persons in the depart-
ment are prohibited from being a contractor,
tradesman, or artificer, under the board, or from
being an agent to such contractor, tradesman, or
artificer ; as also from receiving any fees whatever,
under any pretence, on pain of immediate dis-
mission." If such a regulation prevailed here,
the profits of Mr. Nash, the surveyor of the
works, would, we believe, be considerably cur-
tailed in the erection of the new palace. The
committee appear to have paid particular atten-
tion to the " stationery" department. This has
been, for many years, a very profitable job for
Alderman Sir Abraham Bradley King, as pa-
tentee stationer to the Government : it is not,
however, so profitable at present as it has hereto-
fore been. In, 1821, the Irish Government, in
consequence of the extravagant charges that were
made, instituted an inquiry on the subject, and,
- after a good deal of higgling, Sir Abraham con-
sented to supply English paper, at 10 per cent.
above the London wholesale price, and Irish
paper at 3i per cent. above the London whole-
sale price of corresponding paper, and 6 per
cent. to cover the expellee of the establishment.
The committee, adverting to the fact that the
price thus stipulated for was much higher
than the price of the Stationery-office here,
recommend that the whole question of supply
of stationery shall undergo further investigation,
for the purpose of ascertaining whether time public
offices cannot be supplied at a cheaper rate.
That they may we have no doubt ; for, looking
to the evidence of Mr. Church, the Comptroller
of the Stationery-office in London, we find him
stating that the prices charged by Sir Abraham
are 50 per cent. higher than the prices of the
Stationery-office here. If Sir Abraham's patent
rights had expired, a very considerable saving
might evidently be made by supplying the public
offices in Ireland with paper direct from the
Stationery-office in London. It appears that, in
the year 1828, the enormous sum of 1,3501. was
charged for stationery for the Lord Lieutenant's
Household. One would suppose that his
Lordship's establishment was extremely literary,
were not the fact given in evidence, that a con-
siderable
part of this sum was paid in hard cash
to those who had the privilege of claiming a
certain quantity of paper, but who preferred
money to stationery. Amongst those to whom
this privilege was extended, we observe the
butler, the cook, the confectioner, the gardener,
the state-coachman, and the head -groom. The
committee very properly recommend that these
allowances to the Lord Lieutenant's House-
hold, whether commuted or in kind, shall hence-

forth cease. This department ought to have
been thoroughly cleansed several years since,
when the Earl of Darnley instituted an inquiry
into certain malpractices connected with it ; but
Sir Abraham, being a prominent member or the
Orange faction, had friends at Court, who would
not suffer his strong hold to be assailed. It was
in the course of the investigation to which we
have alluded, that a person who had been em-
ployed by Sir Abraham, and who had made im-
proper charges, declared that he had made them
of his own volition, for the purpose of putting
money into his master's pocket, but that
his said master was perfectly ignorant of
the fact. A better joke we never heard.
The scandalous expence attending the publica-
tion of proclamations in certain newspapers will,
we hope, on the recommendation of the com-
mittee, be abolished; They very justly observe,
that procla::iations which interest the public
gene:duy, will, if in inserted in the Dublin Ga-
zelle, be copied as articles of intelligence into
the ditrerent newspapers. The Committee de-
clare their decided opinion, that the criminal
prosecutions carried on under the directions of
the Attorney and Solicitor-General, by Crown
solicitors appointed for the several circuits, has
been eminently conducive to the due administra-
tion of justice, and ought, with certain suggested
improvements, to be persevered in. They however
disapprove of the mode in which the Crown
solicitors are at present paid,—namely, by bills
of costs, formed partly of charges for ideal
services ; and recommend that a fixed salary, in
lieu of all allowances, shall be established. In ad-
verting to the commission of judicial inquiry
the Committee observe, that the expence has
exceeded the sum of 108,2581., being nearly
the double expenditure in England, and
nearly fourfold the expenditure in Scotland,
of a similar inquiry (each of which has been
closed for several years), and they therefore sug-
gest the expediency of bringing the operations
of the Irish Commission to a speedy termina-
tion. With reference to the Record Commis-
sion, the Committee notice the extraordinary
fact, that while the English Record Commission.
ers have published 40 volumes, illustrative of
laws, history, and antiquities, two volumes only
have appeared under the authority of the Irish
Commissioners of Records, which have cost the
country nearly 100,0001. These are dear
volumes with a vengeance. To lessen the expen-
diture, it is proposed to discontinue the branch
of the Irish Record Commission now carried on
in London. The Committee recommend in the
strongest terms, the execution of public works,
as being calculated to give an additional and a
permanent stimulus to industry, and an increased
demand for labour. We have thus summarily
gone through the various heads of this able and
interesting report ; and our conviction is, that if
the suggestions of the Committee be complied
with, the result will be highly beneficial not only
in a financial, but, what is of much greater im-
portance, in a moral point of view.— Times.
In our Paper of yesterday we inserted an ar-
ticle from " A Catholic Correspondent," which
contained the following passage :—" Yesterday
evening Judge Johnson arrived in this town
(Clonmel), and, after the Grand Jury had been
sworn, addressed them very briefly, remarking
that the calendar was very light, notwitlistandi►ig
a number of aggravated cases." The writer then
proceeds to give us a description of the contents
of a calendar which an Irish Judge declared to
be a light one. It appears that it presented a list
of 114 persons for trial,-of whom 34 were to be
tried for murder, and six for rape ! After this it
is difficult to say what quantity of criminal busi-
ness would constitute a heavy calendar in the
opinion of an Irish Judge. There are no less
than 40 prisoners to take their trial upon capital
charges of the worst description in a provincial
town in Ireland, and the Judge congratulates
the Grand Jury on the lightness of their labours.
This is a curious commentary on the progress of
civilization, and the " march of morality," in the
sister island ; but our correspondent, after
stating that 17 were to be tried for assaulting the
Police, goes on to inform us that the remainder
are to be arraigned for the ordinary crimes
of burglary, robbery, &c. We recollect
Mr. O'Connell boasting, some time ago,
of the superior moral habits by which the
" finest peasantry, in the world" were distin-
guished. Here we have a practical illustration
of his glowing and florid panegyrics upon the
virtues of the " lower orders" of his countrymen ;
but we take the liberty of saying that such flat-
tering statements are not likely to be creative of
a higher degree of civilization than that which
produces such "light calendars"as this. It argues
that great crimes must be indeed of very common
and familiar occurrence, when 40 charges of mur-
der and other savage atrocities call forth the lan-
guage of judicial congratulation. The true pa-
triotism is that which, instead of eulogising the
barbarism and ministering to the passions of the
people, tells them salutary truths, even though
it should be unpleasant, and strikes at the po-
pularity of crime, by shaking the dominion of
ignorance. The Irish peasantry have naturally
warm and generous feelings, but they are, in
consequence of the want of moral instruction,
liable to the most pernicious influence of the
passions. They are creatures, not of reason but
of impulse, who are equally unreflecting in the
practice of a virtue or the perpetration of a crime.
They have been long enough in the hands of
politicians who, regardless of their moral condi-
tion, have moulded them to their own ambitious
purposes ; and they will continue to be involved
in crime and misery until they are delivered from
political empyrics by those who have cou-
rage and integrity to lead them to civilization.—
Morning Herald.

It will be remembered that, in the course of
the Parliamentary proceedings which terminated
in the passing of the Bill for the Relief of the
Roman Catholics, the Duke of Wellington took
occasion to state, in the House of Lords, that,
should the measure he advocated not be followed
by that improvement in the internal tranquillity
of the Sister Kingdom to which he looked for-
ward, he should feel himself justified in applying
to the Legislature for such additional powers as
existing circumstances might seem to render ne-
cessary. That the condition of Ireland is not
yet such as can be looked upon with satisfaction
is, unhappily, too notorious ; that it is a source
of deep and painful solicitude, is equally certain ;
and, we believe, we run little risk of contradic-
tion when we say, that some information more
accurate and circumstantial than the ordinary
routine of official communications, is considered
an indispensable preliminary to the adoption of
such remedial measures as the case may be found
to require. For the attainment of this important
object, a gentleman connected by birth and pro-
perty with Ireland, and in other respects well
qualified to observe with discrimination, and re-
port with fidelity, the real state of things, di-
vested of the exaggeration of party, and of the
malignity of sectarian prejudice, is at this mo-

ment, and at the expence of some inconvenience
to the public service, in thht country. We by
no means pretend to anticipate the nature of the
statement he may think it his duty to make ;
and as little do we venture to guess at the exact
complexion 'of the measures that will in the en-
suing Session be submitted for the consideration
of Parliament ; but that something is in con-
templation we firmly believes and that the preli-
minery we have mentioned has been already
adopted, we positively affirm.—Morning Chron.
We referred a few days ago to a recent publi-
cation in German by a Dr. Schneller, on Aus-
tria, in two vols., in which the system of that
State is laid bare to inspection. We are glad to
perceive, from the Preface, that there is a pros-
, pect of a termination ere long to that absurd
system of restriction for which that Government
has been so distinguished. The preface to the
second volume is curious :--" Having lived
twenty-eight years, during the period of the
convulsions in France and America, in all parts
of the Austrian dominions, I am entitled to
pronounce an opinion respecting them. I en-
tered that State a young man, with the views of
a native of the Rhine, without any unfavourable
prepossessions. I left it when a man with dis-
tressed feelings. The complete want of free-
dom as a teacher, and the right of publication,
alone determined me to quit an honourable si-
tuation, many dear and tried friends, a sacred
band of cultivated scholars, and a residence in a
populous and delightful city, which I was in-
clined to consider as a second home. Rewarded
with testimonies of good will, from the Arch,
duke to the lowest individual, and with rights
of citizenship twice communicated, I trod with
wife and child the difficult path of emigration.
As an exile, I conceive I can best express my
gratitude by the truth. For I hold fast to the
maxim of the benevolent John, who says,
Know the truth, and the truth will make
you free.' The closing of the Austrian
dominions against Europe in general—but',
more especially against Germany which
is more rigorously enforced through its Cen-
sorship Decrees than through Custom-horse
regulations, will not, cannot endure for ever. 1
Several heads of the Archducal House are too
well-intentioned, and too penetrating, to wish to
cut off the numerous people under them from
the intellectual world." From these allusions to
Archdukes and Archducal House, it would
seem that the system pursued in Austria is not
very palatable to the Rising Sun of that country.
It is high time that there should be a change.
The French journals tell us that the literary men
refuse to be pensioned by the present Govern-
ment. It is not very consolatory to reflect that
a man like Gentz, of distinguished abilities,
should have, from selfish motives (for he is too
clear-headed to be a dupe)—should have lent
himself to the advocating such a system of ob-
scurantism as is developed in the notes attached
by him to the volumes of Dr. Schneller, when
the manuscript came before him as head censor.
Europe has beard more than once of the senti-
ments uttered by the Emperor Francis during
his journey through his Italian dominions. The
following passage from Dr. Schneller will give
a more comprehensive view of the fashion-
able
ideas of the Court of Vienna : '
" Science (lie says) suffered greatly, as the
following declarations were uttered not once,
but frequently in high and distinguished places:—
, We wish no learned men. They only con-
fuse by their speculations the plain good sense of
men, and destroy the old satisfaction of the peo-
ple. The object should now be to form Theo-
logians, Jurists, and Physicians, for the objects
of the State and for business.' In the naming
to places under Government attention should
not be paid to learning, but to principles. The
worst of the thing now-a-days, is that the most
uptight people often have the worst principles.
If a man has been a little under a cloud, State,
Church, and other people are let alone by him.
But they who have nothing to reproach them-
selves with, have an itch for modelling and
changing State, Church, and all the world, ac-
cording to their own notions. Honest men
have often the most restless dispositions.
Even the physical sciences are turned to bad
uses. There is a stone for instance. Nothing
will serve them but proving that twenty thousand
years have been required for its growth. What
then are we to do with the six thousand years
of Moses ?'—' Having now finished with the
nations, we must take the youth in hand. We '
must therefore restore the Jesuits. Their learning
alone, is fully suited to the forms of Monarchy, as it
was invented by Rudolph, of Hapsburg, and esta-
blished by Ferdinand the First. If the fathers of
the Society were serviceable to the objects of
the State, there is nothing to be objected to
them. If they should become refractory, we can
suppress them a second time easier than at first.
On a second suppression the estates which they
have acquired will serve to enrich again the
Imperial Treasury.' All writing of books only
nourishes the depraved spirit of the age. Even
the Austrian Observer is injurious to pure
principles. Alany do not believe the truth,
merely because it is to be found in it. It also
makes the people, merchants and artizans,
burghers and peasants, acquainted with every
thing which takes place in Portugal and Spain,
in France and England, and America. By this
daily reading of these things, the most unfa-
vourable comparisons, the most absurd self•con-
ceit, and a great curiosity to pry into domestic
matters are produced. Nothing is more want-
ed than to put an end to books." All sorts of
absurd and idiotical opinions and principles
of this nature were but too frequently uttered
both in German and in the Vienna dialect.—
" Learning suffered greatly in Austria through
the departure of distinguished Scholars, and the
deposition of Teachers of liberal views. Peter
Frank, the creator of Medical Police, a professor
without his equal, was driven to Russia. The
celebrated Wolfstein was also driven by misfor-
tunes to Russia. Joannes Muller, the author
of the History of Switzerland, having long been
deprived of all liberty, left Vienna for Berlin.
Wiebeking, the most celebrated German writer
on Engineering, went to Munich. Rheinholt
left Austria, where lie was without liberty, for
Germany, where he was more free, and .taught
in Jena and Kiel. Fesslir was obliged to write
far from Hungary, his country, the history
of its inhabitants. Dr. Gall, the . inventor
of Craniology, and Anatomist of the Brain
in a new way, was obliged to repair to Paris
and London to teach and write, which
was not allowed him in Austria, on account
of suspicion of Materialism. Schultes, an in-
defatigable traveller and acute observer, left Po-
land, as a Botanist and Physician, for Landshut ;
Meissner, • who laboured so much in Prague for
the improvement of taste, was obliged, in an ad-
vanced age, to leave his scholars and his friends,
for the Rhine ; Andre, who contributed so much
by his patriotic Journal to the diffusion of use-
ful knowledge, was, by the most pitiful insults,

driven from Moravia to Wurtemberg ; the mild
Feilmoser, one of the most profound theologians,
was deposed in Innsbruck, as he received the
ho►tourable invitation from the Catholic Faculty
of Tubingen. After the proceedings at Carls-
bad there were many important dismissals of
Professors ; in Bohemia the innocent Fessel
and the clever Bolzano ; in Vienna, Rem-
bold, Professor of Philosophy ; and Weintrett,
Professor of Religion ; in Italy, the admirable
Gioja and the Learned Rosary. Besides re-
movals, numbers were put on trial on the most
trifling pretexts, and though not the smallest
proofs were obtained, they suffered all manner
of annoyances—as, for instance, Albertini, Pock-
horni, Schuabel, Maieshofer, and many others.
Such proceedings cast down those who were not
immediately affected ; they diffused every where
uneasiness and apprehension. In almost every
Institution for Education investigations were con-
ducted under the commands of the Coutt
Chaplain, Frint ; Stofft, the Directorof Studies ;
and Sedluski, President of the Police. All the
inquisitors of Germany put together are a
blazing torch-light, compared to the shades
which spread over Austria." One can hardly
persuade oneself that such perversity as is here
described, could exist in the nineteenth century.
Can we wonder after this, that Austria, possess-
ing
some of the richest and most genial regions
of Europe by nature, should actually be one of
the poorest States. She has even fewer horses
to the square mile than Russia. In cattle, and
all the productions of agriculture, she is wretch-
edly poor.—lbid.
It would appear from the American Papers
that the Washington Government begins to
entertain serious doubts of the policy of en-
couraging the manufacturing system in the
United States, and would gladly return, did it
meet with a reciprocal feeling here, to its former
or even more reciprocal, relations with this
country. We scarcely expected a negociation
on such a subject to be commenced during the
Presidency of General Jackson, who is princi-
pally known in this country as its bitter enemy ;
but we would fain hail it, come from what quarter
it may, as the indication not only of a better
understanding between this country and the
United States, but of a more profitable exchange
of their mutual products than has lately taken
place. England annually imports a certain
quantity of foreign corn from foreign countries,
and the United States can supply her with
almost any required quantity on lower terms than
any other country ; and England, on the other
hand, has manufactures of every kind to dis-
pose of, at a cheaper rate than the people of
the United States can manufacture them for
themselves. The true policy of both is, there-
fore, to come to an arrangement, by means of
which the corn of the one may be changed for the
manufactures of the other ; and to such an ar-
rangement we have little doubt, that the ma-
jority of the people of the United States would
now willingly agree. They have not only ex-
perienced the folly of the restrictive system, and
the bankruptcy and ruin attendant on their at-
tempts to manufacture for themselves ; but they
begin to fear that the tariff; which the Legisla-
ture sanctioned, may give rise to measures of a
more retributive nature on the part of this court.
try. But how are the English landowners to be
appeased.? Will they give up their high rents in
order that the British manufacturer may be saved
from bankruptcy, and the British artizan from
starvation ? Will the men who professed
not only to solve their last guinea, but to
shed their blood for the salvation of the country,
give up the.'r monoptzly, that the taxes may be
paid* and manufactures flourish, as they were
wont Co do ? We fear not. They are men of
large words, but small bowels of compassion.
They can offer largely, when their titles, and
their acres, .and their privileges are in danger;
but let the hour of their need be but past, and
they are again on the high horse bestrode by
their caste, and John Bull left to flounder out of
the mire, into which they had urged him, as he
best may. The present, however, is evidently
a favourable opportunity for trying the experi-
ment, and procuring satisfactory terms of ex-
change from the United States; and if the Duke
of Wellington can effect any thing with the
landowners, we trust that, for the credit of his
government and the good of the country, he
will not be slow in attempting it.—Morning
Advertiser.