The Sun.
London, England, 1842-06-15 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR.

Her Majesty, the Queen Dowager, accompanied by their
Serene Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Saxe Meinengen,
and the Duchess Ida of Saxe Weimar, visited the Queen and
Prince Albert yesterday afternoon at Buckingham Palace. Her
Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester also visited her
Majesty and his Royal Highness yesterday afternoon.
The Queen and Prince Albert walked in the Royal Gardens
of Buckingham Palace yesterday, and the Prince of Wales and
the Princess Royal, accompanied by the Dowager Lady Lyttel-
ton, were taken an airing in the Gardens.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited the Queen
and Prince Albert yesterday morning.
Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by the Count
Mensdorf, and attended by the Countess of Dunmore, Lord
Rivers, Lord Charles Wellesley, and Sir Edward Bowater, ho-
noured the Italian Opera with their presence last evenin:g.
The Queen Dowager, the Duke and Duchess of Saxe Mein-
ingen, the Duchess Ida and the Princesses of Saxe Weimar,
visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent yesterday, at
her residence, Clarence House, St. James's.
The Duchess of Cambridge and the Princesses Augusta and
Mary of Cambridge, visited the Queen Dowager and the
Duchess of Saxe Weimar yesterday,

The Duchess of Gloucester, the Duke and Prince George of
Cambridge, and the Counts Mensdorf, honoured the Duke and
Duchess of Buccleuch with their company yesterday afternoon,
at the dejeune given at Montagu House.
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess
Augusta of Cambridge, attended by Lady Augusta Somerset
and Baron Knesebeck, honoured Miss Burdett Coutts with
their company on Monday evening, at the Concert given at her
residence in Stratton-street.

The Duchesses of Saxe Meiningen and Saxe Weimar visited
the Duchess of Gloucester and the Duchess and Princess
Augusta of Cambridge.
His Excellency Aly Effendi, the new Ambassador from Con-
stantinople to this Court, arrived yesterday at the Turkish
Embassy in Bryanston-square.
His Excellency is the bearer of a most magnificent sword,
set with diamonds, as a present from his Imperial Majesty the
Sultan to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales.
A Deputation from the Committee of the British and Fo-
reign School Society, consisting of Mr. William Tooke, Mr. J.
Beldam, Mr. John Vaizey, Rev. John Burnet, Mr. Robert
Forster, Rev. Thomas Biuney, and the Hon. Secretary, bad
an interview with Lord Wharncliffe, the Lord President, yes-
terday, at the Colonial-office.
Sir Charles Smith, Mr. Wodehouse, M.P., and Mr. Bate-
son, M.P., had interviews with Lord Stanley yesterday at the
Colonial-office.
The Postmaster-General had an interview with the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer yesterday at his official residence in
Downing-street.
The Hanoverian Minister had an interview with the Right
Hon. W. E. Gladstone yesterday at the Office of the Board of
Trade.

Deipatches from the Governor of Canada, and also from the
Governors of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, were received
yesterday at the Colonial-office.

A LETTER TO EARL 1)E GREY,
ON THE AMELIORATED CONDITION OF
IRELAND. By W. W. SIMPSON, Member of the
Royal Agricultural Society of England, and the New
Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland.

We have read this letter with great delight. Every
Briton must take an interest in the condition of Ire-
land, and it is gratifying therefore to find that her
prospects are every day becoming more bright, that
riot and drunkenness are giving way to order and so-
briety, that agriculture is making rapid progress in
various parts of the island, that the landlords begin to
see the advantage of acting generously towards their
tenantry, and that a general moral improvement has
taken place in the habits of nearly all classes. Thanks
to the Governments of Lord N ormanby and Lord
Ebrington. They treated the Irish like rational
beings, and their lenient and just administration of
the laws were amply repaid by the obedience of a
grateful people. Mr. Simpson has had much inter-
course with that country; he has paid great attention
to the improvements in progress ' • he is not a partisan
either in politics or religion ; and we therefore quote
with great satisfaction the following tribute to the
good conduct of the people :
" For the last nine years," says he, " I have been led,
by the duties of my vocation, to visit all parts of Ire-
land, and have thus been enabled to form a tolerably
corre-t opinion of the habits of the peasantry in the
different districts ; and it is gratifying to be able to
state that the drunkenness, squalor, and misery, which
a few years since it was painful to witness, have now,
in many instances, given way to sobriety, cleanliness,
and comfort. In my last two visits to Ireland I saw but
one drunken person, and this, I regret to say, was one of
the softer sex ; whereas, on former occasionv, I have
seen hundreds; and where fightings at fairs and markets
were common events, nothing of the kind now occurs."
The next paragraph is little less gratifying :
'• Another most important reformation in the habits of
the peasantry has developed itself in the gradual adop-
tion of a better system of husbandry, whereby those
small farmers who were formerly scarcely able to pay
their rents or to procure the common necessaries of life,
are now enabled to satisfy all the just demands of their
landlords, and procure for themselves and their families
those comforts for which their newly acquired habits of
temperance and industry have given them a proper and
wholesome relish. The better cultivation of the lands
and the moral improvement of the people have proceeded
pari passu." . _ _

We have not space to notice all the topics embraced
in this excellent letter, but we call the attention of
the reader particularly to the remarks on " Inglis's
Visit to Ireland." Many of the statements in that
work, generally taken as gospel, have been incon-
testibly refuted by Mr. Simpson. One extract will
suffice :

" The Marquis of Waterford and the Beresford family
come in for a share of the misrepresentation so unjustly
dealt out by Inglis. Of my own knowledge, denied
from personal observation, and corroborated by the
testimony of many respectable individuals, I can aver
that a more kind or more liberal landlord than the
Marquis of Waterford does not exist. His lands are let
at exceedingly moderate rents, and his disposition to-
wards his tenants is best evinced by the deep respect
in which they hold him. I have the pleasure of an
acquaintance with the Messrs. Malcolmson, the pro-
prietors of the cotton factory at Mayfield on this estate,
which I was particularly invited to see, and it is curious
that during that acquaintance I have never heard one
word about the obstacles which the Beresford iamily
threw in the way of their establishment, as alleged by
Inglis."
In addition to the letter, in the pamphlet there is
an appendix containing some useful original papers
on the state of the country, and we therefore recom-
mend the small work to the attention of all those who
take an interest in the welfare of the sister island.

MILITARY INTELLIGENCE, CHATHAM, MONDAY,
JUNE 13.---An official order has just been received in this
garrison for an embarkation of troops to proceed immediately
for China. '1 he following different corps and the number of
men each with their officers, have been selected from the pro-
visional battalion to fill up the casualties arisen to the
Regiments in that country. 'the troops have received
orders to be in readiness for embarkation to-day, when
they will march from this garrison to Gravesend, and
there embark for their destigration. The 113th Regi
merit of Foot has 100 rank and file under the comman
of Lieutenant Bloomfield, with Ensign Ward and Ensign Bre-
therton ; the 26th Cameronians, 24 rank and file; the 55th
Regiment, 104 rank and file, under the command of Lieutenant
Edwards, with Ensign Loyd and Ensign Hickson; the 57th,
Captain Best—making a total of 7 officers and 228 rank and
file, which proceed by the ship Orestes; 26 rank and file of
the 26th Cameronians, under the command of Lieutenant
Lovett, with Ensign Bradon ; the 39th, Captain Herbert,
takes charge of the 49th, consisting of 160 rank and file, with
Lieutenant Blackhall and Ensign Thompson. The above
proceed with the ship Hindostan. On Wednesday, the 22d
inst., orders have been received to embark at Gravesend from
the depot of the East India Company, at Brompton, 150 rank
arid file of the East India Company's Infantry. Their orders
are to proceed for Bombay.
Did you ever see two women pass each other in
the street, without each turning round to see what the other
had on?

This table indicates at what a cost to consumers this
baneful monopoly is preserved. In 1830, with a popu-
lation of 24,304,799 souls, the consumption of sugar was
3,722,044 cwt., the average Gazette price of Muscovado
being 245. I ld. per cwt. In 1840, with a population ex-
ceeding 27,000,000, the consumption had fallen to
3,594,832 cwt.. but the average Gazette price had risen
to 495. Id. per cwt.
Referring to the prices of Brazilian sugar during the
eleven pears from 1830 to 1840, extracted from a paper
laid before your Honourable House, it is seen how
grievous is the monopoly which your petitioners depre-
cate. Without allusion to previous years, the price paid
for colonial sugar over and above that at which Brazilian
sugar was sold in our ports amounted, on the diminished
consumption of 1840, to the sum of 4,957,8731. for that
year alone, besides the duty, which amounted in that
year to 4,449,0701.

• • -
That your petitioners humbly submit to your Honour-
able House, that, besides the injury inflicted upon con-
sumers by the present system, in the undue enhancement
of prices, and the abridgment of the comforts of the
people, other are inseparably connected with it, both
ui the purchase for import and the sale for export, as
seen in the following table :