The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-10 00:00:00

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GREAT MEETING OF THE ANTI-
CORN-LAW LEAGUE AT MANCHESTER.
MANCHESTER, FRIDAY MORNING.- -A great meet-
ing of the members of the Anti-Corn-law League
took place last evening at the large room (late the
Picture Gallery) in Newall's-buildings, Market-street,
for the purpose of hearing addresses delivered against
the Corn-laws by Richard Cobden, Esq., the Member
for Stockport, and other leading members of the Coun-
cil. The time appointed for the meeting was half-
past seven o'clock, and long before that hour the room
was crowded by one of the most respectable auditc-
ries we ever saw present on such an occasion. We
should say that upwards of a thousand per...ons (in-
cluding many ladies) were preSent. George-Wilson,
Esq., presided, and on either side of him were seated
the Member for Stockport, John Brooks, Esq., John
Bright, Esq. (Rochdale), Duncan M‘Laren, Esq.
(Edinburgh), T. Bailey, jun., Esq., William Rawson,
Esq., C. J. S. Walker, Esq., E. Armitage, Esq., and
W. Evans, Esq.
After a few introductory remarks, the CHAIRMAN
at once called upon Mr. Cobden.
Mr. COBDEN, M.P., rose, and was received with
loud cheering. He spoke as follows :—Mr. Chair-
man, Ladies, and Gentlemen—You have certainly
taken me a little by surprise. This is an unusual
concourse, in a very unusual place, for a weekly
meeting. It looks, indeed, very much like pro-
motion for our good cause, to find us assembled in
such a spacious room as this, surrounded by so many
ladies—(Applause)—and I am happy to see in the
distance so many of the working classes on this oc-
casion.- (Applause.) I am glad to find, too, that we
have met for business, for I have heard, with great
pleasure, the letters and other reports which have
been read, showing that we are making progress, not
only here, but in other parts of the kingdom.
There is one report which has been read from Mr.
Murray, from Newark, which is deserving of a
passing word. He has alluded to the dissatis-
faction of the farmers, at the fall in the price of their
produce. Now, there has been a great deal of mis-
representation on the subject of the fall in the price of
meat. We have heard great complaints from the
farmers that they have not been able to obtain the
usual prices for their cattle ; and we have found the
reason assigned to be, that, in consequence of Sir
Robert Peel's tariff, there has been a vast inundation
of four-footed creatures from abroad.—(Hear, hear.)
Now, I maintain that to be altogether a delusion ;
there has not been as many cattle altogether
imported from abroad as would have been eaten in
Manchester in one week, if the people had had as
much as they ought to have.—(Applause.) The
fall in the price of cattle has arisen from a totally
different circumstance ; and it is our duty to point
out that circumstance, for it tells very importantly
on our question. The reason is, not that there
have been a great many foreign cattle imported—the
reason is, the farmer's customers have been ruined.
(Hear, hear.) I have made some inquiries
upon the subject, and I find that in Dundee, in Leeds,
in Kendal, in Carlisle, in Birmingham, and in Man-
chester, the falling off in the consumption of butcher's
meat has been one-third, as compared with what it
was three years ago.—(Hear, hear.) Now, is it pos-
sible that this great falling off in the consumption
should take place without causing a diminution in the
price of the article ? We, who are apt to cultivate
our connexions, to rouse our customers, to wish them
well, and to be anxious for their prosperity, should
take a very different view of the thing. If we find
that our customers are declining, and that they have
no longer the means to purchase, we know that we,
as sellers, must suffer in consequence. The farmers
have not learnt that lesson yet. They imagine that
they can be flourishing while their customers are
ruined.—(Hear, hear.) Now, at the Chester cheese
fair, I observe that there was a falling off of twenty
per cent. on cheese ; and the farmers said, " We have
had Peel in the market."—(Laughter.) Now, the
absurdity of that is obvious, from the fact that there
has been no alteration at all in the duty on foreign
cheese. Yet in Cheshire the prices of cheese, of
butter, and of milk have fallen ; and why ? Because
their largest manufacturing town, Stockport, has been
ruined, and is now paying 7,0001. a week less wages
than it did three years ago.—(Hear, hear.) And,
with that fact staring them in the face, why should
the Cheshire farmers go to Peel, or the tariff, for a
reason for their adversity ?—(Applause.) But I ob-
serve that the Duke of Rutland, at his meeting at
Walton the other day, denied that there had been
such a decline in the price of meat, such a fall in the
price of agricultural produce. Now we must set his
Grace right. There has been such a fall, and his
Grace ought not to tell his farmers that there has not.
Look at the Government contract; there cannot he
a better test than that. The Government contract
for the supply of the army and navy with beef has
been taken this year for 20 per cent. less than it was
last year.—(Hear, hear.) That is proof sufficient of
the fact, and his Grace ought not to attempt to mis-
lead the farmers by saying that there is not a great
fall in the price of meat. There has been a great fall,
and we must explain the cause. Now, it may seem
very strange that I should be here to exculpate Sir
Robert Peel from the attacks that are made upon him
by his friends on account of this falling off in the
price of meat.—(Hear, hear.) But we are not op-
posed to Sir Robert Peel more than to any other Mi-
nister • we are not party men here; and if we find
that ;here are political parties, whether they call
themselves Whigs or call themselves Tories, who are
trying, for the sake of a party triumph, to allege that
against Sir Robert Peel which is actually attributable
to the bad policy of successive Governments in this
country, why, we will, if necessary, do justice to Sir
Robert Peel, and put the farmer on the right scent.—
(Applause.) But I am afraid, ladies and gentlemen,
that our great concourse here this evening may pro-
bably be attributed to the circumstances which are
pressing us nearer home. I am afraid that the state
of this district is beginning to excite something like
alarm in the mind of every person in the neighbour-
hood ; and I confess, bad as I thought of our pros-
pects here, when I told them in the House of Com-
mons that we were about to encounter such a winter
as we had never before endured-LI confess I now see
a more dismal, a more disheartening prospect, than I
ever apprehended we should see. We have been suf-
fering now in the north of England six years : it is
six years since the revulsion occurred which has led
to a depression greater, of longer continuance, and of
far more intensity than has ever been witnessed by
the oldest resident in this neighbourhood. But, bad
as has been our condition before, at the end of these
six years our prospects are worse than they have been
in any previous year.—(Hear, hear.) It would seem
as if the American tariff that has just been passed was
to be the last feather to break the camel's back It
found us almost in a prostrate condition ; and it has
utterly prostrated the energies of this district. Now,
we hear complaints against the Americans for having
passed this tariff ; and we find the monopolist
newspapers railing against the American Legislature
on that account. Why, if they are sincere in their
professions, that it is well for us to depend upon our-
selves for what we want, surely that doctrine applies
to other countries as well as to our own ; and they
ought to hail its adoption in foreign nations, and be
glad to see what the Americans are about. But they
are reviling the Americans for carrying out their own
principles.—(Hear, hear.) Why, let them fight our
battle on transatlantic ground, if they choose ; we will
leave them in the slough of their inconsistency.—
(Hear.) But what has been the cause of this American
tariff? We must not lose sight of the fact, that it is
our own fault, and our own fault entirely, that we are
shut out of the American market. We will go back to
1833. We know that at that period great excitement
existed in the States on the subject of their tariff on
our manufactured goods; the excitement was excessive,
and in one State, the State of Carolina, which sends us
our principal supply of cotton, the people rose almost
into rebellion against the Government on account of
the high duties which were imposed on our manu-
factures. And we know the consequence was, that
an Act was passed in 1833, reducing the duties
on the import of our manufactured voeds into Ame-
rica, every year, for ten years, until, at the end of
ten years, there should be no higher duty than 20 per
cent. on any of our manufactured commodities. That
Act expired at Midsummer this year. Now, what
has been done by our Government ?—what has been
done by this country to meet that liberal and that re-
ciprocal policy which was offered to us by the United
States ? Why, if this had been going' on in the moon,

it would not have excited less attention with our suc-
cessive Governments, and, I am sorry to say, less at-
tention with our people. We have been utterly re-
gardless of the attempts of America to trade with us.
Nov, at the end of ten years, the Americans look at
the result of their policy ; and they actually find that
they are doing less business with us now, at the end
of the ten years, than when they begun their reduc-
tions. Their cotton, tobacco, and rice, have fallen in
value; we still take nothing else; we have shut out
their corn. The Americans have, therefore, no mo-
tive for continuing their policy ; and now a few
busy monopolists, in the shape of manufacturers,
have got together in a little clique, and by their ma-
nagement, have succeeded in passing a law which
will almost exclude our cotton manufactures alto-
gether. But this could not have been the case
if England, by holding out the hand of recipro-
city, in the shape of a law to admit their corn,
had made it the interest of those cotton monopolists to
vote with us, instead of against us. We could have
taken ten times the quantity of corn which these few
manufacturing monopolists could have taken. The
Americans are quick and alive to their own interests,
and I say it is known to every man who is acquainted
with that country, that it would have been utterly im-
possible to pass that tariff, if we had reciprocated their
terms, and taken their corn in exchange for our ma-._
nufaCtUres.—(Applause.) The Americans have not
acted wisely in passing such a tariff ; they are de-
stroying their own revenue in doing so. There are
Americans arranging their piles of corn in groaning
granaries. There they are sighing over waving corn-
fields, and wandering far in search of customers ; and
here are Englishmen, perhaps folding their arms over
their idle mills and warehouses, crammed full of goods,
and wanting customers for them. There are people
pining for want of food, there are people eager to be
furnished with our fabrics, while those unwise and un-
necessary laws step in between two such countries,
and forbid them from exchanging their superfluous pro-
ducts, and becoming customers to each other.—(Hear, '
hear.) It cannot continue. Such a system cannot
last.—(Applause.) It is at war with natural instincts,
with common sense, with common humanity, and with
Christianity.—(Applause.) Such a system cannot
last.—(Applause.) You may be sure that when two
great nations are interested ifs a mutual trade, no
Government can long prevent two nations, such as our
own and America, from reciprocating the advantages
of their respective countries.—(Applause.) And I do
fervently believe that in ten years from this time, and
lees, the whole system of this restrictive policy will
become a matter of history, both in America and
England.—(Applause.) I will not give the system of
monopoly more than ten years, when, I believe, it will
become as impossible for Governments to interfere
with the industry of individuals, to attempt to control
their transactions, to limit their trade, to direct them
into what channels they shall devote their industry, as
it will be for Governments to take in hand every do-
mestic family, to order them what time to dine, what
they shall dine off, and how they shall cook their
victuals.—(Applause.) Why, the system is precisely
the same in absurdity as that which used to be prac-
tised 200 years ago in this country, when they passed
laws to regulate the size, shape, and quality of a table-
cloth, when they used to say where hooks and eyes,
and buttons should be made ; where they should make
kersevs, and where they should make neckcloths.—
(Applause and laughter.) The thing is just precisely
on the same principle now. Then they merely inter-
fered with the trade of counties ; now they interfere
with the trade of nations. They are in both cases
equally violating what I maintain to be the natural
and inherent right of the people to trade wherever
they please.—(Applause.) The system, the abomina-
ble system, gentlemen, cannot last.—(Applause.) I
am glad, therefore, that we are engaged in trying, as
far as we possibly can, to vindicate the rights of na-
ture and the laws of nature, by putting an end to such
a horrible system.—(Applause.) But, in order to
carry out this principle, it is necessary that we should
demolish our prejudices, and abate those false opinions
which still prevail to a very great extent in this
country ; • for, although we are at war with this re-
strictive system, as one which we in this room clearly
see to he a most odious and most unprofitable one,
still we must not forget that this is the system which
has been pursued, I believe, from the beginning of
the world. We are therefore here in the position
of real Reformers ; we have a system to deal with
that is as old as Adam nearly.—(Applause and
laUghter.) It will be no small triumph to English-
men if in addition to having given to the world ex-
amples of free institutions, as, for instance, the Press,
trial by jury, representative forms of government,
if England should also be the first to set the civilised
world the example of free trade.—(Loud applause.)
And I believe it may be our privilege to give them
that example ; and a proud pre eminence it will be if
Manchester, from this time, shall have the honour of
leading the van in that movement which shall achieve
such a glorious victory for humanity all over the
world--(Loud cheers)—for bear in mind that this
agitation of ours differs from all other agitations that
have ever been taken up in this country, which are
merely applicable to local interests, or merely cal-
culated to affect our own internal welfare. You
cannot succeed in the glorious struggle in which
we are engaged, without carrying the benefits
of your triumph into every corner of' the globe.—
(Applause.) By accomplishing the object you have in
view, you will effect the immediate and materialin-
terests of the manufacturers and merchants here. I
have always been inclined to look upon the moral con-
sequences of carrying out our principles of free trade,
as infinitely the more engaging, and as infinitely the
most important, of any consideration connected with
our movement.—(Applause.) Why, you have the
principles of peace at once established throughout the
world ; you cement, you knit the nations of the earth
together by the principles of free trade.—(Hear.)
Away with all idea of war between two countries that
shall be as free to exchange favours between each
other, as two of our English counties.—(Applause.)
Away with all the trouble and all the vexation of di-
plomacy, when a man shall sit down in Downing.
street, and by issuing his protocols—a mere trial of
dexterity between a Minister in Paris and a Minister
in London—when two men can so sit down, and in-
volve two great nations in all the horrors of war—
away with all such absurdities as those when we have
two countries united, - as they will be by
their mutual interests, and when every mer-
chant's counting-house, and every manufacturer's
office, becomes the centre of a system of diplomacy
which shall bind men in peace, in spite of all the
arts of statesmen to embroil us in war.—(Applause.)
I say these are glorious objects, and not merely worthy
of the energies of men of business, manufacturers,
or merchants—they are deserving of the smile and
approbation of the ladies, whom I am glad to see
about me.—(Applause.) They are objects that
ought to ensure us, as they have largely obtained for
us, the co-operation of every Christian minister in
this land.—(Applause.) And I will never regard the
question of free trade in that isolated form in which
it is so apt to be regarded, as a question merely affect-
ing the pecuniary interests of a body of manufacturers
or merchants. This is the object we have in view ;
and it is as a matter of business that we have met here
this (Thursday) evening, to promote the carrying out,
of this object. I am glad to find that, under the
auspices of our indefatigable, our indomitable Chair-
man—(Hear)—the League is preparing for a cam-
paign during the winter months of a more daring,
and, I believe, of a more successful nature than has
ever yet been attempted by this influential and im-
portant body.—(Hear, hear.) I was struck to-day,
as I entered the office of the League, with the
appearance of four huge trusses, packed up and bound
with cords, such as you will see in a warehouse selling
heavy goods in this town. I inquired and found that
they contained tracts—about a quarter of a ton weight
of tracts—(Applause)—addressed to four of our lec-
turers in different parts of the country, for immediate
distribution gratuitous distribution.— (Applause.)
I was curious to look at our books, to see what kind
of business we had been doing in the " printing" line
lately. The cotton printing is not good,- and it pro-
mises to be worse ; but I found that the letter-press
printing going on under this roof had been exceedingly
prosperous of late. Why, it appears that the League
has within the last three weeks ordered about 380,000
tracts from the printers.—(Applause.) Now that is a
pretty good three weeks' work ; but it is nothing com-
pared with what is wanted in the country. The peo-
ple in all parts of the country are thirsty for informa-
tion on this question ; they are applying incessantly
for tracts, lectures, and publications to enlighten
them in the cause that we are engaged in. Now I
think, under those circumstances, the public have
only to know the means of usefulness that
are at our disposal—that the harvest is ready,
and waiting only for hands to gather it in—and
we shall have that amount of co-operation at the pre-
sent moment, which will enable us to carry en this
war during the winter with tenfold energy to anything
( we have done before. We are spending, I understand,
1001. a me!k in agitating this question : why, we
ought to have I,oooi. a week, until next February, in
order to ensure hs success.—(Applause.) Now, I am

afraid Manchester has been too much a monopolist on
this question. We have no desire, great as is the ho-
nour, to monopolize the whole of that vituperation
which the monopolist press directs towards Manches-
ter.—(Applause.) Let us, therefore, offer a cordial
partnership with those parts of the country which I am
sure must now be anxious to become colleagues with
us in the present movement. There is Leeds, and
Birmingham, and Glasgow, and Sheffield, and the
other large towns ; I am sure they must be anxious
—they have shown their anxiety to put themselves
alongside Manchester on this question. It is in
the very nature of Englishmen that they should
do so. They cannot feel anxious that we should
he the sole instruments for relieving them from
the trammels of monopoly, for that would be
to render themselves dependent upon us for what-
ever prosperity they might afterwards have ; and it is
not in the nature of Englishmen to desire such a state
of dependence. What is the conduct of our country-
men on the occasion of more inglorious struggles, by
sea or land ? We don't read of our naval or martial
heroes lying by, and allowing one ship, or one regi-
ment, to have all the honour of the victory ; they lay
themselves up alongside the enemy, and are anxious,,
as far as they can, to be in the van of the battle. And
so I say in reference to Leeds, G!asgow, Birmingham,
.ped the rest ; let us. offer then-I-that, honourable posi-
tion alongside us in the strife. Manchester has no
desire to arrogate to itself all the honour in this mat-
ter; and I believe there is at this moment a great de-
sire on the part of those places to co-operate with us
cordially, as far as we may invite them to do so.
Gentlemen, the first consideration is the sinews of
war ; money is wanted to carry on this conflict as it
should be carried on for the next six months. I
know that our friend in the chair has got a project
(you will be startled when I tell you of it) by which
he intends to subsidize the country to the extent of
50,000/.—(Hear, hear.) Well, that is just a million
shillings. We had two millions of petitioners for the
repeal of the Corn-laws; where is the difficulty of
getting a million shillings. Fifty thousand pounds
may be raised by the League, if they will only tell
the country the money that is wanted, and that it
is wanted to accomplish our object by the beginning
of the session of Parliament. I am sure the money is
wanted, and I tell you of it now lest you should be
taken by surprise, and it should produce any ill con-
sequence.—(Laughter.) I tell you now that the
Chairman and Council of the League are determined
to raise 50,000/. in the country. They'll lay an as-
sessment upon the country—(Applause)—and they'll
get the money, I'm convinced, if you only co-operate,
as I know you will co-operate with them.—(Ap-
plause.) Why, ladies and gentlemen,-all you want is
to have the opportunity of disseminating those stores
of information which are now lying bound up in Par-
liamentary returns, or the productions of writers on
this question ; all you want is, that this information
should he disseminated, in order to ensure the success
of the question at the next meeting of Parliament.—
(Applause.) We want no force, no violence; we
don't want a single physical force demonstration—
(Applause) —all we want is, that more destructive
weapons of the mind should be brought into
operation, in order to ensure the success of
this question in the next session of Parliament.
Whilst upon this subject, I cannot help refer-
in, to the recent application of the works of Colonel
Thompson.—(Applause.) In,those works you have
an armoury containing weapons that are abundantly
sufficient to accomplish our object, if they could only
he disse:ninated throughout the country. There is
not a tyro in the cause who may not there find a
pebble to suit him, to destroy this Goliah of monopoly.
—(Applause.) I cannot speak too highly of those
of his works which refer to one question. Colonel
Thompson has been a treasure hidden to us ; we have
not known or appreciated his value. His works have
hitherto been imbedded in the Westminster Review,
where few of us have had access to them; but he has
now re-published the whole, in six closely printed
volumes, at the very small price of 155., at great loss
to himself; but I know he will not care for that, as
his object is merely to promote this good cause. But
all that we are now saying, and all that we are now
writing on the subject, I have no hesitation in saying,
has all been said and written by Colonel Thompson
ten years ago, better than it has been said or
written since.—(Applause.) He is only a Lieutenant-
Colonel, I believe, in the army, but he's a Bonaparte
in our cause of the repeal of the Corn-laws.—
(Applause.) Well, it is to disseminate such knowledge
as is imbedded in these volumes, by extracting them,
publishing them in newspapers—publishing them in
magazines—sticking them in every magazine in the
country month after month, in order that the people
may be tempted and forced to read them ; it is by
sending our emissaries through the country, in order
to deliver these tracts from door to door, that we are
to effect the object.—(Applause.) And, now, don't
let anybody run away with the idea that the ques-
tion cannot be carried by such means.—(Applause.)
I know that it can.—(Applause.) I did not go into
the House of Commons with any predilections in fa-
vour of that House, but this I will tell you, it is
not an unfair representation of the public opinion ;
in this country, so far as public opinion exists at all,
that House is not an unfair representation of it.
Now, I dare say you think that very astonishing;
but you forget that, so far as 99 out of every 100
are concerned, there is no public opinion at all ; they
won't take the trouble to think about it.—(Applause.)
Now, I say the House of Commons is not an unfair
representation of the public opinion when it was elected
last summer ; and that House answers to the changes
in public opinion as sensitively, almost as instantly,
as the vessel on the ocean answers to its helm. You
have only to instruct the people out of doors on any
question which you want to carry in that house, and
as soon as you have elevated them to such a know-
ledge on tile question that the fallacies which have
formerly found favour in that House can no longer
be uttered there, because the speakers are afraid of
the recoil from out of doors,-you have only to raise
the people above the level of the old fallacies, in order
to bring the House of Commons to. carry what you
ou
desire.—(Applause.) That has been done before with
regard to measures that were carried, and it will be
physical force demonstration is at the door before
again.--(Applause.) And they will not wait
dtiollnea
they will answer to the behests of the people of the
country. They will lo,ok before them. Though we
have but a sevenyears reign Members of Parliament
look a little a head. They take their cue from the
constituency of the day, and feel their way from day
to day ; and though the House of Commons will treat
with contempt the menaces of this or any other body,
the Members of the House of Commons are as servile
as spaniels to their ewn constituents.—(Laughter.)
We have, therefore, every encouragement for an
effort, a herculean effort, airing next session. I can
not bring myself to believe that this agitation is to
last longer than the present winter. I was talking
to-day to a gentleman of this town, who has just
come from Paris. He had crossed over from Calais
to Dover with an Hon. Member—one of the Duke of
Buckingham's own. My friend told him it was quite
clear the present Corn-laws could not last. " It, is
my opinion,
• " said the Member, " that they will be
the next •
changed; a fixed duty either session or the
session after ; and I hope it will be a low fixed duty,
that we may have it a permanent one." Now, I say,
le:: us take care that there is no fixed duty at all.—
(Applause.) If you have got the Duke of Bucking-
ham's Members to such a point, that they are wishing
for a low fixed duty, in order that they may
keep it,
a very little more is required to convince the farmers
that there is no stability, no adjustment of rent, no
ease for them froM this incessant agitation, till they
have no duty at all ; therefore: I say, stick to the
principle of total and immediate repeal. Never
give up that cry of " tote and immediate repeal."
Some people may it
fancy that would be better to
make a compromise. That is a great mistake. Re-
collect what Sir Robert Peel
told Mr. Villiers and
myself in the House of Commons—" I admit," said he,
" that you have a great advantage over me in argu-
ment, as the advocates of total andimmediate repeal."
Now, we shall give up all that advantage, in and out
of doors, if we depart from the principle of total and
immediate repeal.—(Hear, hear.) I have so recently
met you before, and hope so
often _ t
o have the pleasure
of meeting you again, thatashamed to trespass
, on your attention on this I am
occasion.—(Go on.) I see
' some gentlemen present who are not always with us :
I am particularly happy to see our friend Duncan
from Ed nburgh, here. I should be very
happy to have the pleasure of hearing from him the
state of opinion in Scotland. I am sure we are deeply
indeWe Ito Mr. M‘laaren, for it was owing to his ar-
duous exertions that we are indebted for that most im-
portant demonstration in Edinburgh last year, of the
ministers and elders, andportions of their congregations,
from all parts of Scotland; and I have no doubt he
will be willing to respond, during the next winter, to
any invitation the League may hold out for a future
demonstration. One thing I ought to say, for it
cheers us—there is not a more staunch advocate of,
total and immediate repeal than Mr. M‘Laren, nor one
who bas taken more pains to keep the people of Scot-
, land (though that did not require much pains) true to

the principle of total and immediate repeal.—(Ap-
plause.) Wishing to give him an opportunity of say-
ing a few words, and the other gentlemen who are
present, I will not trespass longer upon you on the
present occasion, than to thank you sincerely for the
attention with which you have listened to these few
rem a rk s.—(A pplause.)
Mr. I). 111`1',AREN said, that public opinion was
making very rapid progress in Scotland ; the sup-
porters of an Bs. fixed duty were very few, and without
influence ; and all who were opposed to monopoly
were for total abolition, as the only thing worth con-
tending for. He moved a vote of thanks to Mr. Cob-
den for his address, which was seconded by Mr. T.
Bazley, jun., in an able speech, of which our limits
prevent us giving even an outline.
Mr. JOHN BRIGHT, of Rochdale, also made an ani-
mated and energetic appeal, and confirmed Mr. Cob-
den's statement, that distress was increasing, and
likely to be more severe in winter than in autumn.
Mr. Alderman BROOKS spoke in his usual vigorous
and humorous style; and the vote of thanks to Mr.
Cobden having been passed by acclamation,
Mr. COBDEN, in disclaiming the compliment, and
declaring it irregular to thank one another, declared,
in the most emphatic terms, that the more intelli-
gent of the operatives, mechanics, and spinners,,
hat to blame their own conduct for much
of their present distress. They had foiled
their arms in culpable apathy, stood aloof, and
suffered two or three hundred lads, led by a few
bribed agitators, to interrupt and throw into confusion
the meetings of the Corn-law repealers, though all
the while these more intelligent workmen knew that
the League was in the right. On this account, he
charged them with being accessory to all the evils
now falling on them and their families.
The meeting then terminated at half-past 9 o'clock.
[We regret the great quantity of India news, and
the reports from the special sessions, prevent us giving
all the speeches at this meeting in extenso.—ED. Sun.]

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the Hampshire Telegraph.)
PORTSMOUTH, OCT. B.—The Pickle, schoooner,
Lieut. Montresor, arrived at Halifax, St. John's,
Newfoundland, on the Bth ult.
The Styx, surveying steamer, was at Fayal on the
12th ult.

The Hazard, 18, Commander Bell, was at Singapore
on her way to China, on the 7th of June.
The Belvidera, 36, left Gibraltar for Port Mahon
on the 13th ult.

The Wasp, 16, at Sheerness, has been commissioned
by Commander Andrew Drew, known for his services
on the Lakes in the late Canadian outbreak.

The Jaseur sloop of war, at this port, is ordered to
be commissioned.

The Albion, 90, will be forthwith commissioned at
Plymouth. Report gives the command of her to Lord
Jo:in Hay.
The Lightning steamer, with Earl Wilton on
board, was driven by stress of weather into Rotter-
dam. His Lordship landed there, and proceeded on
to Saxony with his suite.
The Nautilus, 10, sailed to-day for Liverpool.
The Emerald tender, and Ruby iron steam-boat,
arrived yesterday from Plymouth, the latter pro-
ceeded to Chatham.
The ships Windsor, for Bengal, and Duke of
Argyle, for Madras, after taking in passengers and
stock, have sailed this week from Spithead.
The complement of the Camperdown, 120, and
Caledonia, 120, the flag-ships respectively at Ply-
mouth and Sheerness, is ordered to be increased each
to 630 men.

In Harbour—St. Vincent, Victory, Excellent,
Royal George, Warspite, Bellone (Austrian), Orestes,
Rocket, Alban and Echo steamers, and Sylvia tender.
A t Spithead—Numa (transport).
PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS.

PROMOTlONS.—Lieutenant—James A. Gordon, of
the Warspite, to the rank of Commander.
APPOlNTMENTS.—Captain—Rodney Mundy, to the
Iris, vice Tucker, invalided. Captain M. will pro.
ceed to St. Helena in the Kite ship.
Commander—Andrew Drew, to the Wasp.
Lieutenants—G. Snell, to the Royal George yacht,
fur service in the Nautilus, vice Paulson, promoted ;
B. Young, to the St. Vincent ; Caesar C. Powell, to
the Royal Naval College for study.
Mates—W. B. Wills, and G. R. Moyle, to the
Excellent ; A. P. Kynaston and Robert Coote, to
the Royal George yacht, vice Davison and Inglefield,
promoted.
Midshipmen—N. G. Spencer, to the Spartan ; R.
H. Meads, to the Excellent.
Volunteers Ist Class—F. A. Campbell, to the Van-
guard ; Samuel Christian, to the Cambridge ; G. 11.
Bushnell, to the Winchester; C. G. Guthrie, to the
Volage ; F. C. M'Dougall, Alexander Phillips, and
C. C. Ricketts, to the St. Vincent ; E. Hardings to the
Excellent.

Chaplain—Rev. D. Carson, to the Daphne.
Master's Assistant—G. Richards (acting) to the
Scaflower.

PLYMOUTH, OCT. 6.—On Friday arrived the
Daphne, 20, Captain Onslow, from Portsmouth, and
2ailed again on Monday for South America. The
Aid, lighter, arrived from Woolwich on Friday. On
Saturday arrived the Emerald tender, with supernu-
meraries from Portsmouth ; the Sans Pareil sheer-
hulk, was taken into dock to be broken up. The
Albion, 90, has taken in her masts and bowsprit, and
moved to her moorings.
(From the Deronport Independent of Saturday.)
Her Majesty's steam-frigate Salamander, 4, Com.
Hammond, arrived on Monday from Woolwich, and
came into harbour to take a supply of coals on board.
The Hon. Mr. Ellis and suite embarked on board her on
Tuesday, and she sailed the same day for Rio Janeiro.
Her Majesty's ship Albion, 90, had her masts put on
board on Tuesday last.
Her Majesty's ship Superb, 80, arrived here on Sunday
last, from Pembroke, and came into harbour the same
day. She was brought round by Mr. Henderson, As-
sistant-Master-Attendant, and a party of seamen and
riggers, under jurymasts, and is to be one of the " ad-
vanced ships of the ordinary " at this port.
Her Majesty's ship Wellesley, 72 ,was warped alongside
the Sheer-hulk on Wednesday, and had her masts taken
out the next day. She will be taken into dock to-day
(Saturday) to be examined, previous to being fitted ac.
cording to the new arrangement.
Her Majesty's ship Daphne, 18, Captain J. J. Onslow,
sailed on Monday last for Rio Janeiro.
Her Majesty's steamer Kite, Lieut. W. J. G. Pasco,
having been thoroughly repaired, was taken out of dock
on Thursday. She will return to the coast of Africa, as
soon as she has refitted.
ller Majesty's steam frigate Thunderbolt, 6, arrived
on Sunday from Glasgow, where she has been fitted with.
engines, and sailed on Monday, for Portsmouth.
Her Majesty's iron steam-vessel Ruby sailed on Thurs-
day, for Chatham.
Ships in Harbour.—Caledonia, 120, Capt. A. Milne ;
San Josef, 110, Captain F. W. Burgoyne ; Kite, 2,
steamer, Lieut. W. J. G. Pasco ; Spiteful, and Confiance,
steamers ; Harpy, revenue-cutter ; Aid, lighter.
In the Sound.—Earl Grey, convict-ship.
Her Majesty's ship Cambridge, 78, Captain E. L.
Barnard, is ordered home from the Mediterranean, to be
paid off.

LETTERS OF MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS.—WP are
requested to state that Mr. Colburn, of Great Marlbo-
rough-street, has this day published " Letters of Mary
Queen of Scots, and Documents connected with her
Personal History," now first published, with an intro-
duction, by Agnes Strickland, author of " The Lives
of the Queens of England," 2 vols. small Bvo., with
portrait from the original .at Hampton Court. Mr.
Colburn has also just published-1. The fifth volume
of Miss Strickland's " Lives of the Queens of Eng-
land," containing the lives of Queen Katharine Parr
and Queen Mary.-2. Lord Londonderry's Steam
Voyage to Constantinople by the Rhine and the
Danube, 2 vols. Bvo.-3. Russia and the Russians, by
J. G. Kohl, Esq., 1 vol.-4. Lieutenant-Colonel
Sir Richard Bonnycastle's "Newfoundland in 1842,"
2 vols., small Bvo., with map and illustrations.
NIMROD ABROAD.—Our-sporting readers will be
pleased to hear that they are about to be presented
with a new work under the above title, from the pen
of one from whose labours they have already derived
so much gratification, and who takes rank as the very
first among the sporting literateurs of the day—we
mean, the author of " The Chase, the Turf, and the
Road," and other popular productions of a like kind—
C. J. Apperley, Esq., better known, however, as the
redoubtable " Nimrod." In this new work, the
writer, having quitted his own country for " fresh
fields and pastures new" in other lands, not often tra-
versed by British sportsmen, details the results of his
varied experience, for the benefit and entertainment of
his brother Nimrods at home. France, we believe, is
the principal theatre of his exploits, but India, Gibral-
tar, Ceylon, New South Wales, and. Russia, are saidalso to form the scenes of many interesting descrip-
tions of stirring adventure by flood and field. There
can be little doubt that " Nimrod Abroad" will be
greeted with a joyous " view halloo by all English
sportsmen.
At the sale of the late Miss Gosling's property in
Swindon, a piece of land, containing only 34 perches,
was sold for 2451.—Wiltshire Independent.

c o:;

SPORTING- INTELIGENCE.
NOTTINGHAM RACFS. —FRIDA Y.
Theeb County ;
one mMai eltelmbr d
atnehdeet‘hvPirnel ane teecir
quarters.
ofr
tb6ceor/ss.: ; )
dt he
for second2o to r
Heats,e
a
Mr. aiwson's The. Biddy, 3 yrs, Bst 41b ...(Lye) 1 1
Mr. King's cby Velocipede, 3 yrs, Bst 71b 2 2
The County Cup of 100 sovs., by subscribers of 10 sows.
each,-added to a Handicap of 15 sovs. each, 10 ft., and
5 only if declared ; the second saves his stake. Twice
round and a distance. (12 subs., 4of whom declared.)
Mr. Bell's Eboracum, 3 yrs, 7st (Bumby) 1
Mr. Collins's Rochester, 3 yrs, 6st 121 b 2
Mr. Collett's Rory O'More, 6 yrs, ist 101 b
Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas. Heats, two miles.
Mr. King's Cattonite, 3 yrs, Bst 21b (Holmes) 0 1 1
Mr. Collins's Rochester, 3 yrs, Bst 21b
Mr. Dawson's The Biddy, 3 yrs, Bst 21b
Mr. Taylor's Calypso, 6 yrs, 10st
Mr. Fowler's The Duke, 3 yrs, Bst 21b
The Yeomanry Stakes were won by Mr. Andingwood's
b g A British Yeoman, beating several others.
PERTH RACE.—THURSDAY. •
The Ladies' Challenge Cup of 75 sovs.,added toa Sweep-
stake of 5 sovs. each, 12st 71b. Gentlemen riders.
Heats, once round and a distance.
Lord Glenlyon's Confusion, aged (Mr. Willoughby) 1 1
Lord Mansfield's Negotiator, aged
Her Majesty's Plate of 100 gs. Four miles.
Mr. Ramsay's Whistle Binkie, 3 yrs (Robertson) 1
Mr. Meiklam's Aristotle, 3 yrs
Plato of 501., given by the Magistrates and Town Coun-
cil of Perth ; for 3 yr olds; 7st 91b ; 4 yrs, Bst Iolb ;
5 yrs, 9st 41b ; 6 yrs and aged, 9st 81b. Winners,
extra, &c. Heats, one mile and•a-half.
Mr. W. R. Rarnsay's Zoroaster, 6 yrs (W. Noble) I 1
Mr. Maitland's Clem o' the Cleugh, 6 yrs 3 2
Mr. Meililam's Temptation, 3 yrs 2 dr
Mr. Seitt's Chester, 4 yrs .
Won cleverly.
The Bench and Bar Stakes of 1 sov. each, with a purse
added. Heats, once round and a distance ; second saves
his stake ; llst 71b each.
Mr. Campbell's Defiance, aged . . 2 1 1
Mr. Crookshank's Islay
Mr. J. Cook's Fair Maid...
Mr. Philips' Strathearn 4 dr
Won easy.
NEWMARKET SECOND OCTOBER MEETING.
NE\VMARRET, SUNDAY AFTERNOON.—The following
horses are now in the town for the ensuing meeting :
MONDAY.
Sweepstakes of 100 sovs. each.—Manalippe and King
of the Peak. Johnny is amiss, and does not come ; the
race is not likely to be run.
Matches.—Ralph v. Garry Owen ; St. Francis v. Dr.
Caius ; Oakley v. Mellor ; Tilcho v. Botheram, all here.
Buffalo receives from Skipton.
The other races in the list for this day are the T.Y.C.
and A F. Plates, and a T.Y.C. Handicap of 20 sovs. for
each, for which the entries will be made this evening.
TUESDAY.
Cesarewitch.—Of the thirty-one horses engaged, the
following arc here :—The Shadow, Dr. Cali's, Roscius,
Ralph, Heslington, Thistle Whipper, Tamburini, Por-
trait, Rhodanthe, Lord Kelburne's Muley Moloch colt,
Young Quo Minus, Florence, Buffalo, Blue Bonnet, Ma
Mie, -Dilbar, Lucy Banks, the Gleaner, f out of Flaw-
beau's
dam, Arcanus, and Anspach. Bellissima and
Pharold will arrive in the course of the day. Mus,
Clinker, Arnagill, Scalteen, Souvenier f, Vibration, and
the Courtesan colt, will not be here. It is expected that I
eighteen or twenty will run.
Clearwell.—The f out of Macremma, and the colt
out of Galata , Napier, the Mopsy colt, The Caster,
Caen, the Vulture colt, Murat, Testy, Pine Apple (the
Yaxley colt), the Wild Duck colt; and Filagree colt,
were in training here ; but Caen, the Vulture colt, and
one or two others out of the Jot, were not likely to run.
Matches.—Celia v. Nuncio ; Cecil v. Magog ; Minaret
v. Retainer colt—all here ; Albion v. Gunter—the latter
not expected to show.