The Sun.
London, England, 1827-09-28 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

The intelligence from Rio de Janeiro, brought
by the Blanche frigate, and corning down to the
i.st of August, produced yesterday some sensa-
tions of uneasiness, which, though principally of
a commercial cast, were not wholly free from a
certain intermixture of politics. Many indivi-
viduals when they were first given to understand
the nature of the treaty negotiated ostensibly by
Senhor Garcia, and signed at Rio de Janeiro on
the 24th of May, by Don Pedro, were undoubt-
edly disposed to think, either that Buenos Ayres
had been more severely handled in the contest
than any previous account from South America
had taught the English public to infer, or that
the terms agreed upon by the Republican Ple-
nipotentkary did not well correspond with the re-
lative positions of the parties: It appears that
the treaty, as signed by the Emperor and M.
Garcia, secured Monte Video to Ins Majesty, as
also the evacuation by the troops of the Repub.
lie—that is to say, the cession to Brazil—of the
whole of the Banda Oriental. Novi, these two
cessions, in fact, comprehended the entire sub-
ject of the war, and implied either that the war
itself was adinitted to be unjust, or that the Re-
public was reduced to the last extremity. That
the latter was the fair conclusion, on a prima.
'facie view of the ease must be obvious when we
look at the map, and find that Monte Video, and
the Banda Oriental, constituting the left bank
of the river Plata, from the Uruguay to the At-
lantic Ocean, have an absolute command over
the trade of Buenos Ayres, whence not a mer-
chantman can put to sea to the eastward with-
out being snapped up by privateers or ships of
war stationed off the harbour of Monte Video,
which forms thus the key of her existence, to a
state, either maritime or nothing. Had the Go-
vernment of the Republic ratified this treaty, so
unfavourable or rather fatal to her interests, and
so flattering to the pride, at least of Don Pedro,
if not sensibly advantageous (which perhaps it
was not) to the general prosperity of Brazil, we
might have felt some delicacy in arraigning such
a compact. The condition and history of the
south-west of Europe gave a value to our alli-
ance with the existing head of the House of Bra-
ganza, which might be considered apart from
all material and marketable interests, as spring-
ing from associations of ancient habit, anti-
Bourbon jealousy, and natiatal honour. In de-
ference to these motives, aided •M, the than liv-
ing and apparently active influence of Don
Pedro over the course of politics at Lis.b.:nl, and
his imputed connexion with the establish.ment
and diffusion of political liberty on the Conti:
nent of Europe, it might, as we before hinted;
have cost us much pain to animadvert very
strongly upon the terms of a bargain, which,
however unequal in themselves, were so obvious-
ly on the side of our ally. The chief ground,
indeed, on which it had been desirable that a
peace—nay, any peace—should be concluded
between Buenos Ayres and Brazil, was the relief
from his distractions in another hemisphere which
it would operate on behalf of Don Pedro, and
the opportunity which it would have afforded Not
of appeasing, by his immediate presence iii Por-
tugal, the troubles which devoured his native
kingdom, and threatened, as they have since de-
stroyed, her nascent liberties, the creation of his
own manly spirit. That class of expectations
had already, according to the common impres-
sion of Europe, been almost extinguished by the
receipt of orders from the Emperor for Don
Miguel to proceed to Portugal in his room.
One spark of hope alone remained, viz., that as
Don Pedro has issued the above authority be-
fore the sth of July—that is, long before the
news of Miguel's refusal to obey his commands
by repairing at once to Rio de Janeiro, could
have reached him,—he might, on receipt of that
last intelligence, have embarked instanter for the
Tagus, and so outstripped the.travels of the
/ announced the
laannlruiddelielincduatirirtsocaiifilitacitmlialoieef:
Re-
gent towards the same important point. The
feebleness, however, of such a prospect was
not calculated to inspire us with Much e:jyt
on that branch of the subject to which we
have now adverted, when yesterday's intel-
ligencehe
treaty of M. Garcia by the Government and
Legislature of Buenos-Ayres. It appears to
reso-
lution o
tve-
e
ment of contempt, that the young Republicans
tdhoiasvti ieslm'sees
eednl
vbtelyise7eNgnvoa iioanticoiruns
treaty; and who can blame them for being true
of a brave people, let them be ever so
poor or weak, to fight to their stumps for a
point in which depends the sovereignty and se-
curity of their commonwealth—their future peace
andn negotiated, which,
E e
sofvaern
as
shad the
regards treatythe
beenterns,
we trust it was not, with the connivance or un-

der the auspices of the British Cabinet, we can-
not say a word in disparagement of the spirit
which has induced the Republic to renounce

that treaty. What may be the consequences no
one can foresee. The animosity of the two Go-
vernments against each other may be aggra-
vated—(though Governments have no business
should
feel thence inclined to prognosticate a lengthened
like that
war, where are the sinews of war to be provided ?
to love or hate a neighbour) ; but
Buenos-Ayres is at the end (they say) of her
cpeenctili
yn,iair,yy
engaging
resourcesgaging ;t
haen and though
enthusiasm gorie aat
ptolin,egrre:
and it must, as
tofhaufalz:Bene
Buenos-Ayres,
hatbeenilelootelsn.itAl
enthusiasm
u3t,hsraccomplishediceass,sltllflpoorpfoar
at
el alotl formerly,
feutmtayi: people,y
an instrument of military and political action,
find its limits after a few weeks or months: on
the contrary, in Brazil there will be no enthu-
siasm to supply the want of credit ; and no
credit, we believe, to make up for the absence of
amount,
popular excitement. The precious metals at Rio
Janeiro have risen in value to an immense
latter is said to be at a discount of more than
as compared with paper money. The-
ciaofnndf:erne

60 per cent. This, therefore, is no time for
borrowing on the part of the Imperial Treasury ;
and without loans or solid funds, wherewith does
his Majesty design to prosecute the war ? We
shall look for future intelligence from the two
rivers, Janeiro and La Plata, with much interest
as well as curiosity.—Tima.
sposeodffoorf be-
forein-While it is admitted that Mr. Peel's amend-
ment of the Criminal Code must be attended with
avesregwrehaitchadarraenstagu
suffered
endscrow dofthe publictal
ejnisatri cal
it is to be regretted that so much yet remains to
in-
stance, ne e, alteredad
vaeiri
td
tc:rtrhe cc t eidm.
in
e\n'Vs
ee
rijb would,er
in order
the Old Bailey, infsoteraadnyofmbeainng di
voenrs,the lono.
, catalogue oftocobplcommon
flo coefs
convinceds c.r pettyim iet
system is one that ought. not to
A vast proportion of the
the Magistrates by a
ofexliasrte.enies of the most trifling de-
'ion sense.
is
oh
raoteit:
;I:thy:ell
lialeipscstreeesssyseeaensr
Sessions,
suffered
consist
to
scription, the formal trial ofwhich, 1 en Jc.-re a
Judge and Jury, imposes a heavy and altcee-
bcaesseus