The Sun.
London, England, 1827-07-21 00:00:00

PRIVATE LETTER FROM LISBON.

LISBON, JULY 4.—The Portuguese question seems
not to be precisely understood, either in this country
or in London : some from very intelligible motives
wilfully pervert it; others,, from want of due consi-
deration, overlook manr of the points necessary to a
right conclusion. I will endeavour to state the
question with accuracy, leaving you to make such
comments as you may deem requisite.
I have repeatedly apprized you of the strength of
Miguel's party, of the boldness and activity of their
attempts to overthrow the Constitution, and of the
weakness and indecision of the friends of the Regent
and the Charter. It may seem strange to Englishmen
that so fierce and powerful an opposition should be
organized against institutions, which, whatever may
be their defects, have yet an obvious tendency to
increase the dignities, power, and privileges of the
upper classes, and to ameliorate the condition of all;
but you will take a very erroneous view of the mo-
tives of this band of conspirators, if von suppose
they are actuated by the mere hatred of liberty, or
by any extraordinary affection for the person of Don
Miguel. The audacity of their rebellion rests on the
same basis as the imbecility of the Constitutional
Government—on a mistaken but widely spread
opinion of their actual position. The rebels
assert, and a great part of the Constitutionalists
have given too ready an acquiescence to the as-
sertion, that, by the Charter, Don Miguel, when he
reaches his majority in October next, will as a mat-
ter of course succeed to the Regency. The well-
known opinions of that Infant can justify very little
doubt as to his love of liberal institutions, and the
proximity of the event of his majority naturally em-
boldens his friends, and paralyzes the efforts of the
friends of the Constitution. General, however, as
is this opinion of Don Miguel's right, it is evidently
altogether erroneous, as a very little consideration
will satisfy every impartial reasoner. The question
of a Regency according to the Charter is altogether
irrelevant : it has not begun to exist, and least of
all can it be raised in favour of an individual who
refuses his assent to, or who shall attempt to over-
throw the Charter. But, its point of fact, it has not
begun to exist. The Emperor, Don Pedro, the au-
thor of the Charter, has never parted with the so-
Vereignty of Portugal:
.he is, both de jure and
de facto, at this moment King of the coun-
try. He has, indeed, promised and undertaken
to abdicate in favour of his daughter; but he
has annexed two positive • conditions precedent
to such abdication—one; the marriage of his
daughter to Don Miguel ; the other, the acceptance
of the Charter by Don Miguel. Allowing that the
Prince has given the most decided assent to the
Charter—allowing that there remains no shadow of
doubt as to the sincerity of his intention—still there
is another condition to be fulfilled, the fulfilment of
which is equally indispensable to give validity to the
instrument of abdication in its present form. This
condition—the marriage of Don Miguel with Donna
Gloria—cannot at present be fulfilled, nor indeed
for some years to come; the intended bride is a
child of eight years of age, and by the laws of Por-
tugal, marriage is a sacrament, and 'consummation
is absolutely necessary to the completion of the
contract. Though, therefore, the Emperor may,
if he please, dispense with this latter condi-
tion of his abdication, it is evident that till he
so' dispenses with it, he has not abdicated, and
is still the Sovereign of Portugal as well as of
Brazil. If this view be correct,—and it is, as you
will see, a matter of fact rather than a matter of argu-
ment,—then all the reasoning of Don Miguel's party
is founded on a blunder, and is totally inapplicable
to the actual state of things. The question of
Regency under the Charter does not arise, because
the rule there laid down applies to the case of the
minority of the rightful Sovereign; but it is not the
minor, Vonna Gloria, who reigns, it is her father,
who is of full age, and in full exercise of his authority.
He has, indeed, thought proper to consign his power
in his absence to his sister, who was of the age de-
signated in the Charter; but this was-a matter 'of
choice,not of obligation : he might, ifjie had pleased,
have appointed Miguel Regent : he might have ap-
pointed the Bishop of Viseu : he might have dele-
gated his power to one or to many—in fact, to any
whom he thought most fit. It was a mere temporary
delegation of his power, and resumable at pleasure.
Hia sister is his Vice-Queen, and not Regent in her
own right.
Such, it appears to me, is the real state of the
question, though it has been so strangely misunder-
stood both by friends and foes. There are, how-
ever, some sounder heads among the principal poli-
ticians here who regard the matter in the same light
in which I have endeavoured to put it ; but who,
fin. the sake of mitigating the fury of civil dissen-
sion, and of securing that all-important object,
the settlement of the kingdom, are willing to
listen to some compromise, by which they hope
at once to preserve the Constitution and to conci-
liate its bitterest enemies. I shall shortly state
what from repeated conversations I gather to
be their plan of operation, leaving to you (if you
think it proper) the discussion of its expediency or
probable success. They suggest, then, that the
Emperor Don Pedro should at once come to
Europe, and . assume the functions as well as
the title of the kingly office in Portugal. His deter-
mined character, his popular demeanour, and that
habitual regard and veneration which the very name
of King excites in almost all individuals of this na-
tion, would, it is believed, make his presence here
an immediate and universal signal for tranquillity,
and for the cordial adoption of his institutions. The
national vanity, which has been not a little irritated
by the abrupt and unceremonious manner in which
the Charter ,was all but flung in their faces, without
notice, without consultation of their wishes, will, it
is imagined, be instantly soothed by the appearance
of the Royal donor, and by those various arts of
conciliation by which well-advised sovereigns so
easily efface the memory of wrongs, even in nations
who are used to scan with severer eyes than the
Portuguese the actions of their rulers. Thus soothed
with his attentions, thus impressed with the cer-
tainty of their overeign's will, the people in
general, it is thought, would readily be brought
to adopt, with respect, that Charter which they
now look upon with indifference : the nobles
who have really an. interest in the sup-
port of the Constitution, which confers on them
new and high privileges, would, when they saw the
chance of popular aid withdrawn, be the first to
advise Miguel to desist from a useless resistance; and
Miguel, whatever be his wishes, could scarcely hope
to stand alone against both the people and the
privileged classes. When Pedro had remained long
enough to be sure of the existence of this effect,
which is confidently anticipated by those who have
studied the Portuguese character, he might then, in
a solemn assembly of the Cortes, surrounded by all
the pomp and circumstance calculated to dazzle the
popular imagination, and in the presence of the Am-
bassadors of Foreign States, venture to abdicate in
favour even of Miguelibinding him publicly by those
oaths and guarantees, which, thus openly record-
sd in the face of his country and of Europe, that
Prince could hardly dare to falsify. Stronger mo-
tives than any that occur to common understand-
ings must influence his mind, if, in spite even of his
personal interest, he should have the criminal bold-
ness to incur the indignation of his own people and
the contempt of the world by proclaiming himself a
perjurer and a traitor. Men of bolder minds, and
with the possibility of positive advantage, have re-
fused to break their plight given amid such public
and imposing solemnities. A Prince in the situation
of Miguel must be perfectly insane to risk the total
loss of all power and of all character without one
conceivable advantage, without the slightest chance
of success; for, on the hypothesis here developed,
he would certainly lose all aid from the people, all
aid from the nobles,all aid from foreign Governments.
Such, as briefly as I could state it, is the real view
of the Regency question ; such are the suggestions
of some of the most enlightened friends of Portugal,
entertaining the same view of the Regency question,
but willing to give up even their dislike to Miguel
for the sake of general tranquillity and concord,—

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW.
Morning...4B minutes after 0. I Evening —.13 minutes after Y

•
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- 5
r _

LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 21, 1827.

The Paris Papers of Wednesday, and the
Gazette de France dated Thursday morning,
reached us last night. They contain no political
intelligence, except an allusion to the report of

the PACHA of EGYPT having declared himself
independent of the Porte, being confirmed. Not
any particulars are, however, given, and the
rumour still rests on no authority.
The Moniteur, in its non-official part, has a
long, and as it appears to us, a Very confused
and common-place dissertation on the treaty for
the arrangement of the affairs of Greece, but its
drift and meaning are not easily discovered, un-
less it be to prove the magnanimity and gene-
rosity of France, and the wisdom of her foreign
policy. The article will be found amongst our
extracts, together with one on the same subject
from the Constitutionnel, which takes a very

ifferent view of the question, and of the pro-

bable consequences which may arise out of it.
The same paper has an article from, Lisbon
dated the 2d inst., attributing the Decree which
has been promulgated there for the regulation of

he Press to the influence of Sir W. A'CouRT.

It is stated in an article from Leipsic, that the
POPE has refused his Brief to the last Act of
the late KING, namely, the Edict regulating the
exercise of Jurisdiction of the Catholic Clergy,
and the reciprocal relations between Catholicg,
and Protestants.

FRFNCH FuNns.—Rentes, Five per Cent. 102 f. 90.%
Three and a half per Cent. 72f. 45c. 50c. ; Bank Actions,
2020 f. 2025 f.

FOREIGN Ftnins.—Rentes Nap. Cert. Fal.
35c. ; Royal Spanish Loan, 611 ; Interminable Span.
Annuities, 46 45i; Haytian Loan, 675 f.

In another column will be found a private
letter from Lisbon (which we copy from the
Times), giving an accurate view of the Regency
question, to a mistaken understanding of which

the writer attributes in a great degree the supine-
ness and indecision of the Constitutionalists, and
the boldness and activity of their opponents.
It is evident by every communication which
reaches this country from Lisbon, that the Con-
stitution must be overthrown at no distant pe-
riod, unless some bold and striking measure be
adopted to rouse the feelings of the people, and
to annihilate the hopes of the Apostolicals as to
the right of DON MIGUEL to assume the Re-
gency, when he has attained the age of twenty-
five years•

We subjoin also a letter from Lisbon, dated
the 4th, which we find in the columns of another
cotemporary, condemning the conduct of the
present Government, which is said to be bent on
causing a war with Spain. The next accounts
by the mail, which became due yesterday, will
probably be possessed of high interest.

It will be observed by this letter that two of
Our line-of-battle ships sailed from the Tagus on
the 4th, for the Mediterranean. They were the
Spar/fate and Albion. The Genoa remains•

• LisanN, JULY s.—The conduct of the Covprnment is
as had as ever ; it seems bent on causing a war with Spain.
Encouragement is given to deserters from that country,
whose only object is an invasion. Some trifling example
of punishment was made, in flogging some deserters from
the 7th Portuguese regiment, who were following their
companions towards the Spanish frontier—but this punish-
ment is regarded with ridicule or disgust. Military execu-
tion is the proper mode. On the frontiers there are con-
tinual robberies. The Apostolics are at the bottom of this
scheme, for they wish to drive this country to invade Spain,
that a good pretext may be afforded for a counter invasion.
There has been no intelligence from Vienna of Don
Miguel's decision ; but it is thought be will not proceed to
the Brazils. Great agitation was created here by a report
of his having escaped from Austria.
There is a rumour of an insurrection having broken out
at Para, in favour of a republican system.
Two British men-of-war left the Tagus yesterday, to
proceed to Gibraltar—some say to the Dardanelles, to
watch the proceedings in that quarter.

By the Journal de St. Petersburg, of the gd
instant, we have received further details of the
army in Georgia, whose desultory operations
possess little interest and less importance :

NEWS OF THE ARMY IN GEORGIA.
ST. PETERSBURG, JULY 3.

•
On the 21st of May (2d of June), General Berikendorf
detached four companies of the 4th refit. of Cossacks of the
Black Sea, under the command of the Starchina of the
Cossacks, Verbitzky, to attack the Tartars, who had ad-
vanced from Daralaghez with a reinforcement towards the
villages situated along the little river Kirk Boulak. On
the 3d June, at d...,-nreak, twelve men, who accompanied
twenty oxen, having accidentally approachld a post of fifty
Cos9acksrand seein4 the superiority of the latter, surren.

&red without a blow. After having united the remainder
of the Cossacks with those who composed the post, Ver-
bitzky advanced towards the river Kirk Boulak. He had
not proceeded above four wersts, when he met with a
party of the enemy of one liundred men, with a con-
siderable number of beasts of burdEn, posted iu a
ravine, from which they began a well supported Sre.
The Cossacks dismounted and immediately surrounded
the enemy, who surrendered on the representation of the
Armenian, Mortiros Vekileff. On this occasion we made
90 prisoners, and took a great number of oxen : 50 horse-
men were afterwards seen near the village of Tchadran, and
as many men, with a great number of beasts of burden,
also had approached the village of Baschkent, situated
beyond the little river Kirk Boulak ; two companies of
Cossacks were sent in pursuit of them, •but they could not
overtake the horsemen in their flight ; they, however, cap-
tured 100 oxen and some horses.

The result of this expedition, is a loss to the enemy of
16 men taken prisoners, 241 oxen, and 34 horses, and
19 bales, containing wheat and other effects, and a quan-
ity of arms.

Major Baesoff, who was sent on the sth of June to the
Birk Boulak, to forage, returned without accident, bringing
with him 22 prisoners, 11 horses, and 11 oxen.
By order of General Benkendorff, the Shadlines taken
in the expedition of the Starchina Verbitzky, had been
restored to liberty, in order to induce their countrymen to
submit. The expectation of General Benkendorff has been
fulfilled, for Asian, Sultan of the Shadline., has applied to
him in writing, to place himself under the protection of
his Majesty, the Emperor, and has persuaded some
Aga!are., of the Khanal of Erivan, to do the same. At
their request, General Benkendorff has ordered letters of
protection to be given to all of them.
According to the reports of Prince Bekovitsch
Tcherkasky, chief of the military district of Kaketia, there
is no news of any hostile enterprize among the inhabitants
of Tschary and the other mountaineers of that country.

ODESSA, JUNE 16.

Our trade is at this time very brisk. The streets are
crowded with Waggons ; the roads and the port are
full of ships. Within these few days eighty of them have
arrived, most of them to take in cargoes of wheat. The
great number of ships causes a degree of scarcity of wheat
of good quality, notwithstanding the large supplies that
daily arrive. -Wheat of the first quality is sold at 14
rubles, 65 copees per chetwert. It is to be presumed
that this price will be maintained for some time, because
further arrivals are expected from Constantinople with the
first favourable wind.

The flock of merinos the property of his Royal. Highness
the Duke of Wurtemburg as well as that of M. Pictet,
has yielded about 3,500 ponds (126,000 lbs.) of fine
wool, which have been sold for exportation. The wool of
the Merinos was sold at 35 to 35/ rubles ; that of the
third generation at 30, and that of the first and -second at
20 rubles.

A wretched Evening Paper, whose false-
hoods we sometimes take the trouble of ex-
posing, endeavours to escape from a dilemma
of this description, by showing that it only
raised the number of Lords of the Treasury
from five to six, instead of from six to seven—
as we understood that it had asserted.

This mistake was of. little real importance, for
the gist of their story was, that a new seat had
been created at the Treasury Board for Mr.
MAURICE FITZGERALD, and this we dis-
proved, by giving the List of the Board, both
under Lord LIVERPOOL and Mr. CANNING.

Whilst we are on this subject we may observe,
that the same worthless organ of the Ultras, as
well as a Morning Contemporary, attach great im-
portance to, the Duke of WELLINGTON'S
having visited the KING at Windsor—an event
which they attribute to the express com-
mand of his MAJESTY. This we have
good reason to believe was not the fact.—
Brt what could be more natural than that the
Duke should pay his respects to his :Sovereign
on the Anniversary of his Coronation?

But this practice of making mountains out of
molehills is in admirable keeping with the
whole conduct of the Ultras. Their regrets for
their Paradise Lost, and their endeavours to
regain it, give rise to feelings equal in malig-
nity to those of MILTON'S Devils.

By the Queen Charlotte, Captain MANN,
arrived off Eastbourne, Sydney papers (New
South Wales) have been received at the North
and South American Coffee House to the 7th
March. The following are extracts.:—

The Bank of New South Wales, in resolving not to re-
ceive deposits on interest, have not only decided against
their own, but also the interest.; of the Colony; the assist-
ance given by the Bank in the way of discounts have been
exclusively limited to the inhabitants of Sydney. Com-
plaints are made, however, that the Bank has never been
liberal in this respect. The Executive Council met yes-
terday, and continued in deliberation for several hours. It
is supposed that the final doom of the men convicted of
piracy on the Wellington formed the principal business
before them. The Queen Charlotte is the first colonial
built vessel that has been despatched for England ;
she was built at Sydney Cove by an American ship-
builder or carpenter in the year 1812. A new Weekly
Newspaper is established, under the title of the
Gleaner. The Blacks in the district of Newcastle, have
again given instances of hostility. They paid a visit to Mr.
Cory's farm, and gave him ample reason to remember them,
having burnt down his stacks, together with 1,500 bushels
of wheat, they also speared • his shepherd, who provoked
this act of hostility, by defending his master's sheep from
the attack of their dogs. Sir Thos. Brisbane is about to
receive a large grant of land in this colony, in order to allow
his agent to select 10,000 acres ; he has been here, we be-
lieve, for some weeks. Sir T. Brisbane will thus have a
real and substantial interest in the welfare of the Colony. It
appears that the expectations of the Pearl Fishing Company,
will, to a fair extent, be realized. The first trip of the
first two ships in this service, viz. the Rolla and Sir
George Osborne, have been attended with considerable
success. The Sir George Osborne has been despatched
to England, with a full cargo of a promising quality. The
principal part consists of shells, arrow-root, cocoa nut,
oil, &c. &c., a great deal of which has been obtained at
the Society Islands, in traffic with the natives, who receive
articles of English fabric in exchange. A large inland
sea or lake has been discovered to the westward of Wel-
lington Valley. The part in which it exists has never
been tracked by an European. The natives who have
furnished the tidings, describe it in such a way as to leave
little doubt of the accuracy of the information. Two tribes
who had been at war for some time, and who had effected
a reconciliation, lately came to Wellington Valley, and
made known they had penetrated to the distance of 250
_miles west.; the water spoken of is supposed to have some
communication with the River Macquarrie. The Sydney
Market dues for four months, had been sold for the sum
of 226/. The Colonial Times of the 16th ult., has
reached us, by the Hope; the Government of the Sister
Colony determine to proceed in the glorious path of un-
popularity, and are howling at the press, threatening pro.
secutions, and making all the speed they can to work their
own destruction, the general opinion seems to be entertained,
that nearly all the criminals convicted of piracy will suffer
death ; twelve of the ringleaders have boen officially given
to understand, they can expect no mercy ; the whole are
confined in the condemned cells, and kept on the chain.
Capt. Duke ofthe Two Sisters, for his services in recapturing
the Wellington from the pirates, was to be rewarded with
a sum of money as prize-money ; and for this purpose per-
sons on the part of the Crown, and Captain Duke, had
been appointed to consider what was a fair reward for his
meritorious conduct on this occasion. Forgery continues
a prominent crime in the Colony, and the Bank of New
South Wales and Australia had been both sufferers to a
considerable extent.
His Majesty's ship Fly sailed on Tuesday, for Hobart
Town, and India ; the Hope, Cunningham, from London,
on the 15th ult. Arrived at Hobart Town, the ship
Admircil Cockburn, Captain Cooling, she brings out a
beautiful horse, which cost 300 guineas ; two were shipped,
I but one died. Also 23 'Merino sheep, 60 having (lied op

the voyage. It appears the pirates kept a regular log
book of their proceedings.
The cutter .Lambton. and,lehip Rosanna, belonging to
the New Zealand Company, had returned ; the Company,
after having landed all their stores, were obliged to abandon
the settlement, on account of not finding sufficient produce
to make returns home, and had returned with them to New
South Wiles. The ship Albion, Captain Ralph, from
Portsmouth, brings 192 male prisoners ; the Midas,
Captain Rargrie, with 145 male prisoners. Sailed, on
Sunday last, for London, the ship Marquis of Hnntly,
Capt. Ascough. The Portland was spoken in the Straits,
all well, by the Midas. The Harriet bad sailed from
New Zealand for England when the Sisters left. The
thermometer in Argyle, when under the viranda of the
house, stood at 110. The Australia was trading for
London. The Hugh Crawford was to sail froni Hobart
Town the Ist of March. His Majesty's ship Rainbow
had arrived from Ceylon on the 17th February at New
South Wales.

We learn upon the best authority that Sir
HUNIPHREY DAVY has transmitted to the
country his resignation of the Presidency of the
Royal Society. It is rumoured that the Chair
is to be occupied by Mr. PEEL.

The judicious regulation promulgated by his
Royal Highness, the LORD HIGII ADMIRAL,
for governing the principle on which promo-
tions in the Navy shall take place, deserves
to he particularly alluded to : for, although it
may appear to relate only to men of one profes-
sion, it, in fact, concerns us all, as affecting the
best interests of that branch of the service on

which will hereafter depend the very security of
the country, in maintaining that dominion of
the sea, which the glorious deeds of our Navy
have achieved.

It is not long since we pointed out the hard-
ship to which honourable and good Officers
were frequently subjected by the uncertain and
objectionable system which had obtained in re-
gard to the promotion of Captains to the rank of
Flag Officers. This evil has now been remedied.
His MAJESTY, On the LORD HIGH ADMIRAL'S
recommendation, has abrogated all existing re-
gulations and customs on that subject, and has
defined accurately the principle on which
Officers are to be promoted to 'the active,
or to the retired list of Rear Admirals; and
in laying down general rules for this purpose
his MAJESTY has established a principle which
is alike just to the nation and to the individual.
That an Officer of good character should be
passed over because he had not been able to ob-
tain the command of a ship *of the line, though
he had served actively in frigates, was manifestly
unjust and cruel, but it was equally objectionable
that an Officer who had never had any experience
in the command of ships should be advanced to
the Active List of Flag Officers. The new Re-
gulation has fairly met the case, by providing
that Captains duly qualififd in other respects
shall be deemed entitled to promotion as Flag
Officers of the Fleet if they have commanded
ships of war, of any one of the six rates, for four
years in war, or for six years in peace, or for
five years in peace and war. This appears to
us to he a wise and a just regulation ; it ensures
to the country that no Officer without experience
shall be placed in the important station of a Flag
Officer, while it leaves the individual concerned
in no uncertainty whether he is to attain the
object of every Officer's ambition, or to be con-
sidered as not having a claim to it. It provides
also, that the Officer who has not avoided ser-
vice, and whose character is unimpeached, shall,
although he has not been much employed as
Captain, nevertheless attain the rank of Rear-
Admiral, but shall be placed on a retired
list ; thus providing liberally for Officers, who,
though not eligible for active employment in the
distinguished post of a Flag Officer, are not de-
serving of degradation in the eyes of their brother
officers, and of the world, by being continued as
Captains, while their juniors are promoted.
Those Captains who are not entitled to promo-
tion are to be removed from the List of Officers
and placed on the Estimates of the Navy for
pensions equal to their half-pay.
But the regulation with respect to the time of
t
service of Lieutenants and Commanders, before
can be promoted, is, perhaps, still more
important to the future interests of the service.
The regulation hitherto has been that a Lieu-
tenant must have held that rank two years, and
a Commander his rank one year, before he could
be promoted ; but no stipulation existed with
respect to actual service in either rank. Hence
it might happen that an Officer might attain the
high rank of Captain without ever having served
as a Lieutenant or Commander. Such a case
might never, it is true, have occurred—but
there was ma regulation to
prevent it, and in-
stances undoubtedly have occurred of Officers
having been promoted who had served very short
periods in either rank, or had never served in
one of them. The regulation promulgated by
his Royal Highness provides that Lieutenants
and Commanders shall act?rally serve two years
and one year in those ranks respectively before
they can be considered eligible for promotion ;
thus wisely insuring that every Officer shall have
a certain experience in every grade of his pro-
fession.

It is by regulations such as these, founded on
just and proper principles, that the Navy of
Great Britain will, even in times of peace, main-
tain its superiority over the naval service of every
other country in the world : and if a time should
again arrive, as in the course of things it must,
when the country must rest for its security on
its natural defence, the Navy will be found as

pre-eminent for its discipline, its skill, anti expe-
rience, as it has been for its perseverance and
bravery in every period of our Naval Hktory.

Demerara Papers, to the 23d of May inclusive, have been
received. Their contents are not important. Ilia Excel-
lency the Commander-in-Chief bad returned from a tour of
military inspection in Berbice, and had inspected the 19th
Regiment of Infantry at Eve Leary Parade Ground. The
weather was favourable; and the fine and superior disci-
pline of this justly-celebrated regiment, formed a military
treat seldom enjoyed in the Colony. The greateat har-
mony exists between the Council and A4sembly of Tobago
and the acting Executive. These Papers express their
happiness and hopes, from the establishment of Mr. Can-
ning's Administration, and that there will he an end of at-
tacks on the Colonies, a revival of prosperity, and a gre.-
dual abolition of unequal laws and abuses. They observe,
however, that it is a terrible task for any man to undertake
the management of affairs, entangled by a long course of
ruinous policy.

Honduras Papers of the 19th of May, have been received.
They bring accounts from Guatemala of the 18th of April ;
the last accounts received frotn the President Ara state,
that he was in St. Anna, collecting forces to proceed against
Salvadore, and had already collected 3,000 men. Forced
contributions had been levied on the natives as well as citi-
zens. The city was quiet and well guarded by its inhabi-
tants, who are for Med into corps and patrol every night.—
It was expected that the President would succeed in restor-
ing order throughout the Republic. All business, how-
ever, was at a stand for the present.

BATAVIA, F.FI3. 12.—The John Barry, Roach, from
hence to Rotterdam, put back to Onreizt, 19th ult, leaky
and rudder sprung. During a gale on the let, 500 bags
of coffee were thrown overboard, the rest of the cargo has
been discharged ; about 1,500 bags of coffee are damaged ;
she is repairing, and will probably get away in about a
month.

FEB. 21.—The Chapman, Milbank, is still waiting
for a cargo for Europe. The Adrian, Brown, is partly
laden, and the principal part of her freight secured. The
Margaretta and the William will sail in a few days.

It is'believed that Mr. HOBHOUSE, the Under Secretary
of the Home Department, and Mr. NEREUS, the Secretary
of the Treasury, go ont of office. If the latter gentleman
shall give up his place, it will be a very serious loss : he is,
perhaps, the best man of business among all the members
of Administration.— Times.

The amount to he laid out during the quarter ending on
the 10th of October, by the Commissioners for the Re-
demption of the Debt, is fixed at 1,164,5301. making the
amount of daily purchases 23,290/. In addition to the
above, the Commissioners make regular purchases on ac-
count of the Savings' Ranks, which have a similar effect
in taking stock permanently, or nearly so, out of the
market--experience having shown, since the 'institution
of Savings' Banks, that the fund has continued regularly
to increase, with the exception of the period of the panic
of December, 1825.

THE FUNDS-(THIS DAY).

CITY, TwsLrp o'CLocr.

The business of the English Funds continue to be limited
in amount, and for the reasons already given a desire seems
general in the speculators to avoid entering into fresh trans-
actions until the settling day has passed over, from the
alarm of expected failures at that time. Consols opened at
874 I for account, and Bs4 6 for money, ex. div. ; they
bare since been 87i, buyers, for account, and are now
sellers ; there is no alteration in Exchequer Bills or India
Bonds since yesterday, and the premium continues the same,
viz., 57 8 for the former, and 89 -90 for the latter. Little
or no business is doing in the Foreign Funds, and at pre-
emit every thing remains nearly stagnant ; Mexican Bonds
are 684 4 ; Chili= have advanced to 30 ; Colombian are
steady at 824 I; Greek remain at 16 4 ; in the other
Foreign Securities there is no alteration. Nothing new
can be quoted in Mining Speculations, except in Brazilian,
which are a trifle higher, being 4 to 14 pm. ; Colombian
Shares are a shade worse, being 9 11 per Share.

Three per Cent. Consols, 858 86 ; Ditto for Ac-
count, B'7 ; India Bonds, 89 90 pm. ; Exchequer
Bills, 57 8 pm.

FORElGN.—Biazilian, 594 60 ; Buenos Ayres, 581 94
ex. div. ; Chilian, 30 ; Colombian, 1824, 324 i ;
Danish, 624 3 ; French 5 per Cent. 724 st Ditto 3
per Cent. 103 ; Greek, 16 ; Mexican 5 per Cent.,
56 ; Ditto 6 per Cent., 68A- ; Portuguese, 76 ; Russian,
941 ; Spanish, 10 11.

MINES.—AngIo Mexican, 50 dis.; Colombian, 9 11
per Share; Real del Monte, 80 70 dia. ; Tialpuxahua,
50 40 dis.; United Mexican, 20 19 die..

Two o' CLocr.
There has not been the least alteration in Coneols, which
continue at 871, buyers, and the market nearly without
business.

HALF-PAST TWO.
Consols for. Account, 87i L, nothing doing.
FOUR o'CLOCK—CLOSING PRICES.
Consols 85i 6 Danish Bonds 621
Do. for Ac. 87,a I Greek Do. 1825, 16
Brazilian Bonds Mexican Do. 1825 68,i
Buenos Ayres Do. 581 Peruvian Do.

Chilian Do. 31 Russian Do. 94f
Columbian, 1824, 324 Spanish Do. 10f

THE ARMY.

A detachment of the 4th Regiment of Font will embark
to-morrow at the Tower-stairs, on route for the depot now
at Teignmouth Castle.
A Detachment belonging to the 7th Regiment of Dragoon
Guards, marched yesterday, from Westminster, for Coventry.
A Detachment belonging to the 28d Royal Welch FilZi-
leers, is ordered to %arch this morning, from Westminster,
for Brecon.

A Detachment belonging to the 24th Regiment of In-
fantry, is ordered to march this morning, from Westminster,
for Bristol, on route to Athlone.
A Detachment belonging to the 73d Regiment of Foot,
is ordered to march this morning, from Westminster, for
Bristol, on route to Waterford.
Detachments belonging to the 77th and 79th Regiments
of Infantry, are ordered to march this morning, from West-
minster, for Bristol, on route to Belfast.

An experienced Beeman mentions that Bees
have swarmed uncommonly well this season. There is
scarcely an old hive but what have thrown off a swarm or
two. A man in the Calton has a fine swarm that he set
down in the country, and it had thrown off by that day
four weeks a virgin swarm. If the season holds On pro-
pitious, honey will be very plentiful this season, A man in
Anderston who is accustomed to weigh his hiVes weekly,
found that one of them in three weeks, was 50 lb. clear of
the board or stone that it stands upon. One very good
day it gained no less than 511bs.— Glasgow Chronicle.

lookinge a
insanity,tti nglh
HEREDITARY INSANITY.--By great tem-
perance in living, and avoiding mental emotion and
exertion as much as possible, insanity may be prevented,
subject in this point of view, that dread of
.
even where the predisposition to it is strongly marked ;
till,
length,tiie the predisposition itself is worn out. By
h exists so strongly in many minds, may be
greatly
aetswsened, as it holds out a reasonable ground for
expecting
that the tendency to the malady may be gradually
overcome, and that by simple and practicable means.—
Lancet.

STRANDED WHALES.--11l the Orkney
Islands large numbers of small whales are sometimes driven
on shore, by the exertions of the tenantry, who go off in
boats, and use various means to force the whales towards
the land. A cave occurred lately at Scapa Bay, near the
property of Mr. David Spence, where a number of these
whales having been captured by several boats' crews on the
shore, below Mr. Spence's lands, he claimed a share of
them as his due, as being the owner of the ground. He
maintained this claim in a b;11 of advocation to the Judge of
the High Court of Admiralty of Scotland, complaining of
a judgment of the Vice-Admiral Depute of Orkney. This
claim was opposed upon the ground that the place where
the fishes were stranded, killed, and flinched, consisted .of
the public sea-shore, and was situated within flood-mark,
and that the public had as much right to use it for such
purpose as the owner of the adjoining land. Mr. Spence
maintained that there was a practice in the neighbouring
Shetland Isles, by which the owner of the land got a third
of the profits of all whales killed on the sea-shore below his
lands. But to this it was answered, that even if such an
unlawful practice did prevail in Shetland, it could not be
enforced when opposed in a Court of Law, being in itself
hostile to the most fundamental principles of law. The
Judge-Admiral refused the bill of advocation, and found
the land-owner liable in expencei, and thus refused to sus-
tain his claim to a share of the whales which were cap..
tured by the industry of the peasautri.,—Edinburgh
Zycning Courant,

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