The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-02 00:00:00

MRS. TROLLOPE'S NEW WORK.
- Now ready, in 2 vols. Svo., price 285.,
A VISIT TO ITALY IN 18 41.
By Mrs. TROLLOPE,
!Luther of " Paris and the Parisians," " Vienna and the
Anstrians," " Domestic Manners of he Americans," Ba.
" We have been much amused by Mrs. Trollope's journal of
her Italian tour. The tone of her narrative is animated, her
sketches are graphic, and she is uniformly in good humour with
the people she encounters, and the scenes which she visits."
—Sun.
Mrs. Trollope's work affords the freshest account of the state
of English society in Italy. tier descriptions will be read with
more pleasure by the generality than most of those which have
preceded thew."—John Bull.
" Not only the best of Mrs. Trollope's works, but by far the
best account of Italy as it is, which has yet been published."—
Salopian Journal.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street,
Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty.

EIGHT THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED
MONEY DIVIDENDS will be divided in NEXT
MONTH, amongst 8,200 SELECTED Bonds of the LOAN
negotiated in the year 1820, andGUARANTEED by the GO-
VERNMENT and his Royal Highness the GRAND DUKE
o BADEN.
1 Dividend 50,000 Florins 50,000 Florins
1 do. 25,000 "
1 do. 12,000 "
1 do. 10,000 "
1 do. 5,000 " ..
8 do. 1,000 " 8,000
10 do. 500 " 5,000 ''
10 do. 200 "
200 do. 110 1/1
200 do. 105 "
467 do. 100 "
7,300 do. 94 "

8,200 Money Dividends, amounting to 892,900 Florins, or
£74,400 Sterling Money.
6,200 SELECTED Bonds, each of which is sure to obtain
one of the above Dividends.
Largest Dividend £4,166 13 4
Smallest Dividend £ 716 8
12 florins equal to £1 sterling, a trifle more or less, as per
the day's exchange.
ALL THE DIVIDENDS PAYABLE WITHOUT ANY
DEDUCTION WHATEVER.
Direst for the few Bonds which are still on sale, WITHOUT
DELAY, to
HEINE BROTHERS at HAMBURGH.
Bonds are on sale NOW at £l3. Against the end of this
Month the price will rise to £l4, and the Sale will close in the
first days of November.
Those who remit £l5 BEFORE the 28th instant, will re-
ceive an order for £2 upon our London Bankers, together with
the Bond.
To those ordering too late for being attended to, their re-
mittances will be returned by first post.INE
HE BROTHERS.
HAMBURGH, October 4, 1842.

THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. •
THIS EVENING, NOV. 2,
Will be repeated the Operatic Play of ROB ROY. Rash-
leigh Osbaldistone, Mr. C. Pitt ; Francis Osbaldistone, Mr.
W. Harrison; Rob Roy M'Gregor Campbell, Mr. Cooper;
Dougal, Mr. W. H. Payne ; Diana Vernon, Miss Rainforth ;
Helen M'Gregor, Mrs. Salzberg.
After which will be repeated a New, Original, Comic
Drama, written by Mr. Mark Lemon, Author of " The
Ladies' Club," &c., entitled THE TURF. Captain Flatooker,
Mr. Walter Lacy; Clovis Culpepper, Mr. Bartley; Gallop,
Mr. Meadows ; Aaron Tret. Mr. Harley ; Mrs. Culpepper,
Mrs. Humby ; Miss Warren, Miss Lee.
To conclude with the Farce of COUSIN LAMBKIN.
squire Mulberry, Mr. Bartley ; Captain Bantam, Mr. Walter
Lacy; Doctor Lionel Lambkin, Mr. Harley ; Mrs. Bantam,
Miss Cooper ; Rose Maynard, Misa Lee ; Dainty, Mrs. Humby.
Doors open at Half-past Six, and the Pertormances com-
mence at Seven.—Dress Boxes 75., Second Price 3s. 3d. ;
First and Second Circles 55., Second Price 2s. 6d. ; Pit 3s;
Second Price 2s. ; Gallery Is.
Tickets and Places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Whit-
low, at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season
Tickets may be had.
Private Boxes to be had at the Box-office ; of Mes!rs. An-
drews, 167, New Bond-street ; Mr. Mitchell, Old Borsl-street ;
and of Mr. Sams, Pall Mall.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
THIS EVENING. NOV. 2,
Will be presented THE MISER'S DAUGHTER. Prin-
cipal Characters by Messrs. 0. Smith, Lyon, H. Beverly,
Wright, Sterling, Wilkinson, Maynard, Craven, Mrs. H. P.
Grattan, Miss Fancitt, Miss Murray, Mrs. H. Beverly, &c.
After which, DEEDS OF DREADFUL NOTE. Prin-
cipal Characters by Messrs. Wright, Wilkinson, Paut,Bedford,
and Mrs. H. Beverly.
After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE tANUBE.
The Imp, Mr. Wieland ; Fleur-des-Champs, Mdme. Proche
Ginbilei ; " The Frightful, Spiteful, Old Bachelor," Mrs.
H. P. Grattan.
To conclude with NORMA. Pollio, Mrs. H. P. Grattan ;
Norma, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Adalgisa, Mr. Wright.
Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Doors open at half-past
six, commence at seven o'clock.

DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
In consequence of the numerous applications for Mr. T. P.
Cooke to appear in a succession of his favourite Characters,
and the nightly overflows to witness hie inimitable acting,
he will change every evening, being the last/times of their
performance.
THIS EVENING, NOV. 2,
Rill be acted a New Drama, entitled ESTELLE DUMAS,
supported by the best Company in London.
After which, MY POLL AND MY PARTNER JOE.
Harry Hallyard, Mr. T. P. Cooke ;'Joe Tiller, Mr. R. Honer ;
Mary Maybud, Mrs. R. Limner.
To conclude with the. Farce of MILITARY TACTICS;
or' THE LADY 'AND THE' LANCER.
After which, the Nautical Druna of POOR JACK; or,
THE WIFE OF A SAILOR:.: Poor. Jack, Mr. T. P. Cooke,
whose porformance *Amu)* tightly overflows, Eleanor Mrs.
11. Vining. • .
To conclude with Alr. Albert Smith's new Drama, called
BLANCHE ITERIbT, which has met with most decided
Success. Neville Audely, Alf. H. Hughes ; Hugh Laneret,
Mr. N. T. Hicks.; Herrick Evenden, Mr. J. Webster; Blanche
}feria.. Mrs. R. Hornier.
Places and private Boxes to be had of Mr. J. Kerschner, al
the Box-office, from eleven to four.

,
HIGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
m aning:•:«— 55 minutes after 0 I Evening ... QO minutes after 1.

LONDON :
WEDNESDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER 2, 1842,

Dr. BOWRING mentioned, as a report, at the
late Anti-Corn-law meeting at Manchester, that
Sir R. PEEL would be deserted by at least forty
of his followers in the House of Commons on
the meeting of Parliament. That he is growing
unpopular amongst his own friends is certain.
He has been extremely unfortunate, and the
good harvest, which is such a blessing to the
nation, combined with the want of employment,
has proved fatal to his system. In conjunction
with scanty crops, his measures might have
stood for a season or two; in conjunction with the
reduction of prices, caused by an abundant crop,
and the want of means to purchase, they appear
to have inflicted a terrible injury on the landed
interest.

We are well aware that this appearance is not
reality. Not his measures feebly approximating
to justice, but the old cupidity and extertion
of the agriculturists, are the sources of their suf-
fering. But they are accustomed to look to the
law for every good, and they blame it for every
evil ; they have been taught by Sir R. PEEL to
rely on it, and now they accuse his measures—
he being properly punished by the effects of the
error he has nourished—of having caused those
reductions of price which are the natural con-
sequences of an abundant harvest when there is
no enterprise in the manufacturing districts. As
the Whigs may rejoice that they did not succeed
with their project of a fixed duty, by which the
who/e- of the evils now suffered by the agricul-
,tur4tS, would have been charged on them, so
Itoeiur PEEL'S success in lowering the
scale, and, in passing the Tariff, seems
Ukely to separate,laim from his party.
• We have seen several bitter lamentations at
PI! blie" meetings over the depreciation in the value
ofagricultural property, which is ascribed to Sir
ROBERTPEEL ; and we will quote some evidence
of the manner he is spoken of from the Galway
Standard, a journal published in the west of
Ireland:—
, " As Constitutional Journalists it is very painful to
our feelings to find fault with any act of the Govern-
ment. Most cheerfully do weper p
each submission to
w
the laws—most gladly would Robertrn
Peel for the Tariff and the Corn-laws, s
s could
againstwe
do it conscientiously. Alas ! the evidence is
us, the country is bankrupt, the awful conse-
quences of his legislation for Ireland are before us.
On Tuesday last a coach-and-four could, with the.
greatest facility, pass through any part of the market
of Mountbellew, where formerly it would be difficult,
and not without a good deal of jostling, for a man to
Pass ; the quantity of grain was small and sold slowly
at 60 per cent. under last year, meat proportionately,
the shops comparatively empty, the peasantry sober,
but loudly murmuring against the Corn-laws. Ex-
=lee has taught us that the Tariff and Corn-laws
owered the prices of corn and cattle full fifty
Per cent this year. We are perfectly well convinced
the landlords of Ireland are sacrificed. One half their
income must ultimately go • lands are deteriorated
fully one half in value by the' Tariff and C laws
and whether the tenants to 1);
exacted from them this pay the rents attempted.
do with the question year or not,
. has very to
Party in England constituted on the princ.i-
thisbedetibierm determined ultimately.
.of gain; it is impossible, therefore that Sir
(I 5 . l.'s friends can remain true to him under
'grew
, unary losses. The same facts, too,
which 3fijure him with the agriculturists,'
• - strengthen the cause of the manufacturers and
freetraurs. It must, therefore, already, we are

sure, be a question of painful interest to himself
and his friends whether he will be able to carry
on his Government on the same or similar prin-
ciples as last session. • If he loses the support of
the agriculturists, he must rely on other classes,
or resign. Personal and political feelings, we
believe, will make him reject a union with the
Whigs, or the adoption of the nostrum of a fixed
duty on corn. Indeed he cannot adopt their
policy without acknowledging his inferiority to
them, and without confessing that he has igno-
rantly or wilfully exposed the country to a long
period of misery. We disbelieve the report,
therefore, that he has made up his mind to re-
commend
to Parliament a fixed duty on corn.
On a former occasion, not to tread in the foot-
steps of the Whigs, he boldly went beyond them.
,We therefore are inclined to hope that he will
again surpass them, and carry out to the full the
principles which he professes and they have
taught. If he again touch the Corn and Provi-
sion-laws, and we believe he must touch them,
let us hope that it will be totally to abolish them.
He is well aware that the Legislature must not con-
tinually tamper with the food of the people; that
the laws which regulate its supply must be steady
and invariable, and no otller laws can be so but
those eternal laws which grow from the necessi-

ties of mankind.
Sir ROBERT PEEL has already weakened public
confidence in the stability of legislation; and
further alterations in the laws, e xcept to place
trade in a state of freedom, will only generate con-
tinual confusion. The question can only be set
at rest by setting trade free. Till that be accom- ,
plished, agitation, and all its train of evils, aris-
ing from uncertainty, will never cease. We are
inclined, therefore, to believe and to hope that
Sir R. PEEL, instead of tinkering the laws, or
adopting the Whig nostrum, will become a per-
fect free-trader, and propose, whenever he again
meddles with the Corn-laws, totally to abolish
them.

The time for that work must speedily be
favourable. The price of wheat is already below J
505., and it will soon be down as low in England
us it could be with free trade ; though not so
low as it will be should another favourable har-
vest occur, unaccompanied with the revival of
commerce. The trade of the country, is threat-
ened too on all sides, and the example of abo-
lishing our Corn-laws, which would give life to
our own commerce, would speedily compel other
nations to relax their injurious prohibitions. It
becomes England to set such an example. We
are more interested in free trade than other na-
tions. As the rule they only restrict some com-
paratively petty branches of manufacture, while
England sets the terrible example of restricting
the supply of food. Whether the manufacture
of velvets or silks flourish or not is of compara-
tively little importance; but whether the people
be amply fed or not involves all the difference,
moral and physical, between a flourishing and a
decaying community. Other Governments may
prevent their subjects enjoying some luxuries,
our Government prevents the people buying
food. While England has a far greater interest
than other nations in free trade, she commits
against it an infinitely greater offence than any
other country. Her Government stops the sup-
ply of that, to obtain which is the great object of
all human exertions, and the basis of all pros-
perity.

We see by an advertisement in another part
of The Sun, that the annual festival to com-
memorate the acquittal of HARDY, HonxE
TOOKE, and THELWALL, and do honour to the
Trial by Jury, takes place on Saturday next.
Mr. T. DUNCOMBE is to be in the Chair, and
it is expected that a numerous party will
assemble. We have now too few festivities
amongst us intended to keep alive the vene-
ration of our best rights. There are meetings
enough, they crowd upon us every day, to unite
landlords and tenants in the preservation of their
monopoly ; but there are few or no meetings to
promote political freedom, and keep alive the
memory of victories over political oppression.
More than ever is it now requisite to unite the
different classes in support of a comm3n enjoy-
ment and a common privilege. The great
barrier against the encroachments of organised
power is the Trial by Jury. We are
not unaware that under some circumstances,
when a community is rent into factions, and one
party only has access to the jury box, that it
may serve as an instrument of oppression ; but
these are rare occurrences, and enlightened
jurors, such as now have to adjudicate over the
lives and liberties of their fellows, will effectually
guard against the influence of class prejudices.
With all its imperfections, the Trial by Jury is
one of the best methods yet discovered of insur-
ing every man a fair trial and a fair judgment
by the public, which is, in fact, the only and
the surest guarantee of individual rights. We
trust, therefore, that the festivity of Saturday,
to uphold this palladium of British liberty—
and we believe, too, the palladium of liberty
across the Atlantic—will be honoured by a large
assemblage of men of different ranks and condi-
tions.

We learn with regret that the schism betwixt
the free-traders and the Chartists, or the Re-
formers of the middle and working classes, is
not diminished. Indeed, if what occurred at
Birmingham on Friday may be taken as an
index to the state of feeling amongst the Char-
tists, which we are afraid it may, that schism
seems to have increased. To all previous causes
of discontent the Chartists at Birmingham now
add the accusation that the very persons who re-
fused to allow them to meet two months ago to
promote Chartist views at present call on them
to assemble and agitate for the repeal of the
Corn-laws. They reproach the Corn-law re-
pealers with having, as members of the middle
class, contributed to remove from amongst
them the Chartist leaders, and with having the
audacity," supposing the Chartists to be hum-
bled, to call on them to aid the repealers. It
appears from this, as might have been expected,
that' the late turn-out, which forced the two
classes into collision, has much exasperated the
hostile feelings which previously existed between
them.

At the meeting called at Birmingham on Fri-
day by the Anti-Corn-law Association of that
town, to receive a deputation of the Anti-Corn-
law League, the Chartists forestalled possession
of the hall, appointed their own Chairman,
scarcely deigned to hear Mr. BRIGHT, and did
not hear Mr. PAULTON, who attended from the
League, and passed triumphantly their own
resolution. They declared, indeed, that the
Corn-law, and every other law which presses on
the industry of the people, ought to be abolished;
but they exhibited a complete hostile disposition
to the League, and required that the Charter
should become the law of the land. That they
are moved by Tory emissaries, we will not assert;
but if the Chartists meant to sustain the Tory
cause—which is the cause of oppression and
coercion—which is enabled by the dissensions of
its opponents to preserve its mischievous mono-
polies—they could adopt no better method than
thus to interfere with meetings called for other
objects than to promote the success of the
Charter, and thus to exhibit a determination to
thwart the middle classes in the attainment of
an end which they admit will be beneficial to them-
selves. I f they do not choose to support the League
let them abstain from supporting it, but let them
not continue to interrupt its proceedings, and in-
crease the ill•will which has already been engen-
dered by the O'CoNNoR policy, of perverting all
public meetings to their own purposes.
At present the League is fiercely and daily
assailed by the monopolists, and those who op-
pose it will scarcely escape the suspicion of being
willing to aid the monopolists, who have always
relied on spies and hired tools to attain their
ends, in their endeavours to put down the
League. Such a suspicion will be strengthened
by the fact that the arguments of the real or
pretended Chartists are drawn from Tory
sources. A Mr. SAUNDERS, at Birmingham, for
example, used an argument which had appeared
a day or two before in the Morning Post, and
which has in it a fallacy, and an inaccuracy,
which an inhabitant of machine-making Bir-
mingham must instantly detect. In 1797

23,000,0001b5. of cotton were manufactured in this
country, and then the rate of wages, it is said, in the
cotton trade was 265. Sd. per week; in 1840 up-
wards
of 460,000,0001b5. were manufactured, and
the rate of wages is said to be only 4s. 6d. per
week. But these amounts apply only to the
wages of actually working up the cotton, and all
the wages paid for making the machinery by
which the cotton is worked up, and by which
the country has been enabled to augment the
manufacture twenty-fold, giving a good living to
thousands of intelligent and skilful artisans, who
have thriven and even made fortunes by trades
which our forefathers never dreamed of, are 'put
aside and wholly forgotten. When an artisan
uses such an erroneous one-sided Tory argument,
so unjust and injurious to his own pursuits, he
must give us leave to say, that he subjects him-
self grievously to the suspicion of willingly serv-
ing the Tory cause, and willingly exerting him-
self to perpetuate the landlords' monopoly.
In-truth, the Cllartists themselves are aware
that this monopoly is the great cause of the re-
duction of wages which we all deplore, and it is
both impolitic and exasperating for the Chartists
to thwart the middle classes in their righteous
endeavours to get rid of this monopoly. Let us all
aid, in the first instance, to abolish the landlords'
monopoly as the must mischievous, and let us
then see what is the next gigantic abuse against
which we can level the greatest power of public
opinion, and so gradually extirpate all the politi-
cal abuses which, under the pretence of promot-
ing the happiness of society, render all classes
alike, in their dealings with each other, vicious
and miserable.

In Mr. DICKENS' " Notes on America," he
mentions, that during an election dispute at
Toronto, one person was deliberately fired at out
of a window. We are reminded of that circum-
stance by the last arrival from the Western Con-
tinent, which brings some intelligence of a serious
election riot at Hastings, in Upper Canada, at
which as much, or indeed far more, violence was
displayed than ever occurs at elections in the
Uilited States. Such occurrences in Canada may
be quoted as a match for many of the violent
acts with which the inhabitants of the United
States are reproached. We notice them together,
not to excuse either party, but to remind our
readers of the peculiar circumstances on which
much of the violence of men's dispositions de-
pends. Had Mr. DICKENS been acquainted with
it, he would have abstained, we think, from
making several implied censures.
When a man lives nearly alone, he has many
enemies. He must be on his guard against
other men, and against wild beasts. His prin-
cipal pursuit is war; his food is obtained by a
kind of war; he seldom lays aside the rude arms
he has learnt to manufacture ; and his passions
are ferocious. He is a savage, from the circum-
stances of his condition. Throughout the whole
extent of the great inland frontier of the United
States, men of European descent live in a compara-
tively isolated and semi-savage state. Many of them
consort with the Indians and adopt their manners;
others live in hostility- with them; and thus are
the bOrderers, by being placed in circumstances
somewhat similar to those of the Indians, trained
into their violent and savage dispositions. Be-
twixt this extreme border and the civilized towns
of Boston and New York, there must be tints,
as it were, or successive waves of these savage
dispositions, affecting the whole population, but
being deeper at the border than in these foci of
European-American civilization. A semi-savage-
ness is the natural and necessary consequence of
their circumstances—scattered, bordering on the
wLiderness, and exposed to danger and hostility.
To joz•titute a comparison between them and
the peopld of Europe, exposed now to no such
circutnstances, is not less unjust in principle,
though it is in desree, than to institute a com-
parison between ci-vihi:'ed Europeans and Indians.
As well might the vices of the Savage be as-
cribed to the institutions
grow from his
condition, as the vices of the AO.
ericans be as-
cribed to the republican form of Go'v
erameut
under which they live. But this is contra 11y
ndone,tendatnatural
1701
savageness,
circumstancesEuropeanvage n ess
owmiiimnt eirttsi
injustice
overlookingtcioc condition
dbiotitoinl which tt
institutions -and 'tl:e inhabitants of the United
1 States.

The great physical element and mean; of
civilization is the increase of people in relation
to space. That continually begets a necessity
for new arts and new inventions. That continu-
ally increases the dependence of each individual
on society. That continually lessens or annihi-
lates the sense of self-importance and arrogance,
and continually tends to make man peace-loving
and humble-minded. The increase of the species
in relation to space is the parent of both moral
and physical improvement. The decrease of the
species in relation to space is so obviously the
source of hardships and relapse into barbarism,
that our new colonies in the southern world have
been founded on the principle of concentration,
in order to avoid that palpable danger. These
are obvious and well-known facts. They explain
the semi-barbarism ofa large portion of the Cana-
dians and the inhabitants of the United States,
and to some extent justify those rude features in
their character, which some travellers, ignorant
of what they ought to know, notice only to con-
demn.

We copied a paragraph from a Morning Paper
on Saturday as a curiosity from its absurdity, not
suspecting for a moment that it would obtain the
slightest credit. It stated that a rumour pre-
vailed in legal circles that Lord LYNDHURST was
about to retire from the Woolsack, and that lie
would be succeeded by Lord ABINGER, who has
obtained such unenviable fame by his judicial
addresses and speeches at the Special Commis-
sions. Such an idea probably never entered the
head of any human being except that of the
writer, for of all the Judges of Westminster
Hall, nay, of all the Courts down to the Insol-
vent Debtors' Court, it wou►d be difficult to find
one legal functionary so unfitted for the
office of Lord Chancellor. He is very
advanced in years, he has had little practice as
an equity barrister or Judge, and certainly has
not raised himself in the estimation of the public
or " legal circles" since he took his seat on the
Bench. Is it likely, then, that Sir R. PBEL would
have recourse to a manoeuvre in order to get
the Chief Baron out of his present situation to
provide for Sir F. POLLOCK, and that the
business in Chancery, which is already so much
in arrears, is to stand still for months, merely
because an old man will not resign without a
premium ? We have heard of a Judge being
tempted from the judgment-seat by the offer
of a title, and of others being bought off in a
variety of ways, but no job like this has ever
been practised in modern times, and we there-
fore regard the report as entirely destitute of
foundation.

Accounts from Madrid of the 23d ult. state
that the Cortes will be opened on the 14th inst.
without a speech. The QUEEN had subscribed a
considerable sum for the relief of the sufferers by
the great hurricane at Ceuta.
The official Gazette of the same date contains
a decree authorising the import of all timber for
naval purposes, by ships of all nations, under the
conditions specified in the tariff.
Dort RAMON MARIA CALATRAVA had been re-
elected Senator for Segovia.

The Paris papers have arrived, but their con-
tents possess little interest. The Journal des
Debuts in an article on the Administration of
M. GUIZOT, points out the difficulties that Minis.
tern had to contend with since 1840, and the
great measures he has, in spite of these difficulties,
carried through the Chambers, among others
the Bill for fortifying Paris. We are much
deceived if the inhabitants view this expensive
undertaking with the same complacency. "It
is now," says that journal, " two years since the
present Ministry accepted office under very
critical circumstances, and no Ministry since
the Revolution of 1830 has had so long an
existence .without either any modification or any
internal dissension. They had much to do;
first, to reconstitute a majority in the Chamber,
next to restore confidence to the friends of order
in the country—and abroad they had to institute

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