The Sun.
London, England, 1845-09-22 00:00:00

LABOUR IN NEW YORK.

(From the New York Tribune, August 29.)
Although Mr. Samuel Slick told a very good story,
and was in other respects a worthy and companionable
man, he 1% as not much of a clockma,ker. This is a
branch of business about which a groat deal is said ani
a very little generally known. The following facts hare
b: en furnished us by a Yankee operator from Connecti-
cut, who is consideraWe of a clock "case" himself, aid
is familiar with the bu- inen in all its details.

The number of clocks manufactured in this conntry is
very great, and the improvements in the manuftectur:> of
the article introduced during the last fur years have
materially reduced the price as well as the wages of the
operatives. Connecticut, we believe, is the only state
in which clock " movements" are made. But there are
many shops all over the north where the cares are ma-
nufactured. There are about 20 of these in this city.
The business thus consists of two distinct brancheo.
The case-maker sells his cases to the mo‘ement-naaker,
or Luys of him the move meats and puts them in himself.
Formerly the wheels for brass clocks were cast, then
turned and smoothed with great labour. Now the
brass comes rolled in plates of the proper thickness for
the different wheels and is pressed out—one motion of
the pre: s being sufficient to cut and centre the whe• I.
This saves much tine and money.
There are a number of firms in Connecticut that put
ready for market 200 clocks a day, and they are sold at
2 doh. to 2 dots. 50r. a piece, according to quality.
The cases (which are extensively manufactured here)
are sold for 60 to 75 cents. each. Good mahogany and
zebra cases, well made and polished, can be bought now
for 65 cents.—the tame quality of article as would have
cost two dollars three years ago. The wages of work-
men in the clock business are poor. An experienced and
skilful hand cannot get more than 1 dollar or 1 dollar
25 cents. per day. A great many young men and boys
work at the business who receive only from 8 dollars to
9 dollars per month.
The movement or running part of clocks can now be
bought for less than 1 dol. a piece—three years ago they
were worth 2 dols. 50c. We know a gentlemau7hownslt
a grand speculation in the clock bnsineaseastt
He sold his farm for 3000 dollars and
maldundt
olkif wshfircrah
3000 dollars in cash, therewht ant 2 dots. 500.
he invested in clock
dmwool4yiseomftshearenitees,
cents. apiece. Now his move-
pyb ieeeakcreespatt go;), b'ea deliveredn d
holding ei:o'rn'k,s7
3fba, being
imnbh;;jt better lepsthrhieceden.s ,r auTtnhhteiisrl
could be bought f
in cash 40 cents. more than they were
This is the way the
of the farm.
cmwl moeTrnkhtthsen tel,:ki :se tar
;kah isgane:ottehrr nothing
rich.
The formerly sold at the South, bring-
ing from 25 to 100 dollars a piece. But of late years the
Southerners, either more knowing or less flush, purchase
very few, and the universal Yankee nation has been for
some time extensively engaged in supplying Great
Britain with " improved patent brass clocks." Great
numbers are also s,nt to the West India coloni, s
and more to China. Nearly all that are made are now
sent out of the country. There were three months ago
probably 3,000 clocks per day sent from the state of
Connecticut ; but since that time many of the manufac-
turers have run down, owing to their Jelling t. 40 much on
tick, and the business has somewhat fallen off.

THE LATE Ma. THOMAS DAVIS.—The funeral
obsequies of the late Mr. Thomas Osborne Davis, editor of •
the Nation newspap-r, took place at nine o'clock this morning.
His remains were followed to their final destination at t.h e •
cemetery of Mount Jerome, Harold's-cross, by a processi ea
consisting of nearly eighty carriages ; amongst others were
conspicuous those of Lord Cleucurry, the Lord Mayor, and
Mr. O'Connell, 'MT., besides a great number of private cqui- -
pages. The members of tl-e 'B2 Club attended in full force, -
their gay and glittering uniforms affording a sad contrast to:
the mournful spectacle of which they formed a part. Mr. to.
Davis was one of the original projectors of this dub, th,T.lnc-,v
nucleus having been formed during the imprisonment of aa, • •
Repeal conspirators in the summer of 1844. He was also thef
acknowledged leader of the "Young Ireland" section of the-
Repealers ; and while the journal under his control was, by a
new and peculiar style of writing, exercising an influence._:....
perfectly marvellous upon the minds of a population 1111"-*-
rently half i
ripe for any adventure, however desperate, it twas•a4rNer
his good fortune, by a happy art, never to give currency
_to
one expression calculated to wound the feeltu*s or hurt t
11
self esteem of a political opponent. —Dublos Par t
Paper I
Thursday.

RAILWAY INTELLIGEN CE.
WELSH MIDLAND.
WORCESTER, SATURDAY NIGHT.—To-day the Provisional
Directors and officers of the Welsh Midland Company at-
tended at the Star and Garter Hotel, in this city, for the pur-
pose of affording to the inhabitants and landowners whose
Interests may be affected by the proposed line, an opportunity
of inspecting the plans, and also for the purpose of hearing
any suggestions relative to the line, the objects of which are
to connect the manufacturing districts, and the seaports of
South Wales in the Bristol Channel, with Birmingham and
the great manufacturing districts of Staffordshire, thus form-
rtig a perfect communication between the great mineral dis-
tricts of Staffordshire, the salt districts of Worcestershire, the
manufacturing districts of Lancashire, Yorkshire, Worces-
tershire, Warwickshire, and Nottinghamshire, and the sea-
port of Liverpool, with South Wales and the numerous
works in its mineral field. Since the original plan was pub-
lished, several modifications have been made. Originally the
line from this city proceeded vii Bromyard to Leominster and
Hereford ;but this route has since been changed, so as to take
in the fashionable watering-place of Great Malvern, tunnel-
ling through the hill, and approaching within three miles of
Ledbury. and proceeding to Hereford.
A preliminary meeting was held at one o'clock, for the
purpose of pointing out the line upon the Ordnance maps.
At this a large number of landowners on the route between
Worcester and Malvern attended, and to whom the engineer,
Mr. Gibbs, and Mr. Sidney Hall, pointed out and explained
the line as now intended to be taken. They appeared to be
satisfactory.
At three o'clock the deputation again attended at the
Star and Garter, for the purpose of laying before those in-
terested the general features of the undertaking. The de-
Cation consisted of Mr. Bulkeley Hughes. M.P., and
. J. Palmier Budd, deputy-chairman of the Welsh Mid-
land Cqmpan ,• Mr. Acker, M.P., J. Regan, Esq., a Di-
pectin of the Manchester and Leeds Railway ' • J. Parry de
Winton, Esq., A. S. M. Maskelyne, Esq., S. Beale, Esq.,
Director of the Midland Railway; and .1. N. Foster, Esq.,
ho were attended by Mr. Gibbs and Mr. Hall, engineers;
who were attended by Mr. Gibbs and Mr. Hall, engineers;
Isasrs. Parker, Rose, and Norton, the solicitors ; Mr.
Pritchard, secretary, and the following local solicitors :
XL Hughes, Worcester; Mr. Mines, Leominster - Mr.
Cleave, Hereford; and Mr. Collis, Stourbridge. Amongst
the landowners and others present were Sir A. Lechmere,
Bart., and T.-C. Hornyhold, J. E. Williams, 0. Mason, H.
Lakin (Lord Beauchamp's agent), J. Dowding, C. Griffiths,
Vernon, Strawley ; J. H. Allen, T. Jones, Sherridge ;
James Best (agent for Earl Somers), G. Farley, J. Herbert,
3. D. Onley, E. Corles, T. Waters, J. W. Lea, Vice-Chair-
man of the Severn Improvement Commission ; J. M. Gutch,
E. Pidcock, J. Hill, town clerk ; and M. Pierpoirit, Esqrs. ;
Revs. G. Williams, and Griffiths, besides numerous trades-
men and merchants.
Mr. J. PALMER BUDD, a proprietor, of the Ystalyfera
ironworks, in Glamorganshire, rose, and on behalf of the
Directors of the Welsh Midland, directed attention to
the objects of the line as detailed above. The line, he
observed, had been originated not on the Stock Ex-
change or by speculating lawyers and engineers, but was a
Lena fide scheme, set on foot in the South Wales district,
and cordially supported all along the route.—(Hear,
hear.) It proceeded from Birmingham to Kidderminster,
Bewdley, Leominster, and Hey, direct to Swansea. Then a
line frqm Worcester proceeded to Malvern and Hereford,
another line deviating to Gloucester. At Birkenhead they
would have( communication with the Irish Sea, and access
to the whole system of English railways. They had no
need to advertise for capital, for plenty had already been fur-
nished to them ; and, in allotting the shares, if they had
neglected any application, it was on account of the impos-
sibility of granting it. At Hay there would be a great fork,
one prong of which would proceed to Hereford and Worcester,
and the other to Kidderminster and Birmingham. The line
proceeded on to Carmarthen, uniting with the sea coast, and
giving access to Cardigan and Newport. By it the present
distance between Ireland and London and Ireland and Bir-
iningham would be lessened by many miles. The line would
have every element of traffic, seeing that it embraced the
agricultural district of Breconshire, Herefordshire, Shrop-
shire, and Worcestershire, the copper, iron, and tin works of
Glamorganshiro and Monmouthshire, and the iron and coal
fields of those counties and of Staffordshire. It would also
supply a quick transit for coal and lime. At Brecon the
main line joined with the Carmarthen and other lines, and
also touted with lines now existing in those mineral dis -
tries At Llendillo it connected the Llanelly district by
means of the Llanelly Railway, and it joined the Taaf Vale
Railway at two points, one at Merthyr, and the other at
the terminus in the Aberdare Valley, thus opening a free and
entire channel of intercourse to the central parts of England.
With regard to Newport, there was a scheme for a line of
railway from that port to Pontypool and Abergavenny. The
Newport, Abergavenny, and Hereford Company, had pur-
cinieed the tram-road from Abergavenny to Hereford, at
which latter city they would join the Welsh Midland, and so
bring up the produce of the Monmouthshire mineral fields to
Hereford. He could not conceive under what paucity of in •
formation any one could have dared to say that the Welsh
Midland line did not accommodate the iron trade of the South
Wahe district, for it did accommodate it in a way which no
other scheme could possibly pretend to do.—( Hear and
cheers.) It bad been said, that by means of a line running
east and west, they would be able to accommodate all the
iron- works; but their engineer declared the impracticability
of such a line. Their (the Welsh Midland) junction with the
Xecrport and Abergavenny line would afford all the accom-
modation required. After some further remarks on the
impracticability of the Eastern and Western line, Mr. Budd
said it was their wish to conciliate all parties, consistent
with the success of the measure, and the general interests
el the Shareholders. The plans as regarded Worcester,
would be so devised as to make a junction with all the
different railways brought to this city—(Hear, hear)—and
the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway
among the rest. Looking to the South Wales line, they
ibund gradients in it worse than 1 in 60 ; on their own,
lin 100 was the greatest. They would therefore, be ena-
bled to work with the mat rapid speed of railway tra-
velling. They had also made beneficial arrangements with
mon" canal interests at Hay and Brecon, which would
offal. them advantages not possessed by others. The
Welsh Midland would, doubtless, in the next session of
Parliament, be the great line of the session ; and,
looking at the various features of their case, which
would have the advocacy of the same solicitors, who
in sn arduous campaign of 76 days, had triumphantly car-
ried the London and 'York scheme through Parliament.
He had no doubt that the fullest success would attend them.
Unknown to him as were the deputation who now attended
to lay before that meeting the plans of the Welsh Midland
Railway, they would no: call upon the meeting at once to
decide in their favour, but would leave them to digest the
feteures of the undertaking; and he doubted not that they
would ultimately give the Company their full support. The
p'an which they had adopted of attending meetings of the
Inhabitants of the several districts to endeavour to conci-
%de, In preference to asking them at once for their suf-
frages, had hitherto been attended with the most satisfactory
- -

Mr. STALLARD. wine-merchant, then put a number of
questions to Mr. Budd, with the ♦iew of ascertaining whe-
ther or not the mileage of the plan had not been increased
since the first prospectus had been issued; and whether,
therefore, the amlunt of capital proposed to be raised, would
not require to be increased.
Mr. BUDD and Mr. ACKER.% in reply, stated that the Bre-
con and Merthyr Junction Company, which would join them,
would bring in a capital which would be at their service. The
original plans had been altered, and would perhaps continue
to be varied further. If these called for an increase of capi-
tal, they had not the slightest doubt that every farthing
which they might want would be easily raised.
Mr. STALLARD then asked upon what gauge the line would
De constructed?

Mr. BUDD replied that they were in the hands of the royal
oommission, which commission, he hoped, would effectually
stop the plague of gauges. If the commission decided that
Worcester should be the determining point, he could not con-
ceive how that could injure the interests of the city.
Mr. STALLARD then put the question to Mr. Budd,
whether the Welsh Midland had not been originally brought
out in support of the South Staffordshire (or Rugby and
'Ding scheme).
M-. Hupp— Most decidedly not.
MT. STALLA rtr—Did you not say, when vou were examined
kebre the committee of the House of Commons, that the
Booth Staffordshire line was to join the Welsh Midland?
Mr. Btrl)D—Decidly not. I said it would form a junction
at Worcester.—(Hear, hear, and cries of " Oh.")
After some farther conversation,
Mr WATERS (Clerk, of the Peace for Worcester) inquired
at what point it was intended to cross the Severn at Wor-
cer4 r • whether above or below the present bride?
Mr:Gzsas, the engineer, said that was a point on which
they wished to hear the suggestions of the meeting.
WATERB then asked whether the bridge would be an
Mr.open or solid bridge ?
Mr. GIBBS said he hardly saw the necessity for an open
bridge; on which
lefr. WATERS said, that as connected with the Severn Im-
pprovement, he would at once give him notice that a solid
bridge would be strongly opposed, both by that commission
and the citizens of Worcester.
Some further discussion ensued, which was at length put
an end to by
Mr. Gtrrmr, banker, who proposed a vote of thanks to the
deputation. He was glad they had followed the precedent of
the Great Western and Eastern deputation, in not asking of
the meeting a resolution in favour of them.
MT. STALLARD seconded the vote, and Mr. B. Huoims
acknowledged it.

SOUTHAMPTON, MANCHESTER, AND OXFORD
JUNCTION (PARSON'S LINE.)
FA/miaow, SATURDAY.—This afternoon a meeting of
fie laii`downers and inhabitants of Swindon and its vicinity
wits held at the Goddard Arms Tavern, in pursuance of a
requisition signed by fifty-two residents. The meeting
consisted of nearly every gentleman and tradesman in the
town. Mr. Ambrose Goddard, the largest landowner in
the district, presided. The meeting was also attended by a
numerous deputation from the Committee of management,
comprising Lieutenant-Colonel Elrington, Major Croft, Major
Morse Cooper, C. E. Bigge, Esq., J. M‘Millan, Esg., J. B.
Payne, Esq., L. Pocock, Esq., W. Parsons, Esq. (projector of
the line), and H. Renton, C.E.
Mr. WHEELER opened the business. The proposed line
offered great accommodation to the town, would be highly
beneficial to its markets, and conducive to the interests of
the neighbourhood.—(Hear, hear.) Swindon, in every
point of view, would reap vast advantages from its forma-
tion.--(Hear, hear.)
Major Monsn COOPER said, so satisfied was he of the
great benefits which Swindon would derive from the facility
(I.railway._
communication which this line presented, that it
nen almost, as it were, become a necessity that they should
have it constructed as
They had every prospect o quicklyf il as possible.—(Hear, hear.)
amongst the members of their
eing
succeesful ; for they hnd
Committee first-rate men—
th.—( Hear, we n of tithear.) le and fortune, and plenty of money to work
1K
Mr. PARSONS, after alluding to
to the line itself, if the
meeting would refer to thethe powerful support his
tine had received, said, with respect
proposedas
alocalob)ect, map they would see that it was
i
in the first place
facilities of transit to the rich and thickly
to afford
h populated district
al North Wilte, Hants, and Berke, hit
imperfectly
supplied with railway accommodation, send but nereased
plisbment of so comprehensive a scheme w that the accom-
oi
about sixty miles of railway to be constructed.id l require only
pro pOled to be taken was to commence near th The course
road station of the South Western Railway,e Andover-
whioti that line commenced its direct southern the point at
then passing near Whitchurch, in a northerly direction,course., and
diverge into two branches, about four miles south of . to
elere. One branch would go direct to Hungerford, near
High_
Rambury, by Aldbourne to Swindon, when it would proceed
to a termination at the Swindon station of the Great
Western Railway, thus falling in with the existing rail-
-7s to Gloucester, Cheltenham, Birmingham, Man-
chester, and thence on to Liverpool, and the projected
lines through Wales. The other branch would take a
rnreet northern coarse, by Newbury and Daley, to the
Dideot station of the Great Western Railway, at which place
it would join the Oxford and Rugby Line, which was in di-
rect communication with all the northern lines ; and thus
the two great arterial lines of railway in the north-west and
. aortbi ittating north and south, and communicating with the
kw , ifie,ations in the Potteries, the manufactu-
t , itij: tricts, anthfkotland, would be led to, and
..r3 , in-'°. trunk line leading direct to Ports-
-1 0101111pto,x—p(dear, bear.) Mil bviDs We
_. , ~,.(: ,;;;.--;:-1,• e
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