The Sun.
London, England, 1845-09-30 00:00:00

THE _BUR,_ LONDON, TITESDAT EVENING, SEPTEMBRR 30, 1845.

COURT CIRCULAR.

Writnsort, MoIDAT.—The Queen walked for some time.
and joined the Royal Family in their early morning airing.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince
Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, were taken
to-day on their ponies in the pleasure-grounds adjoining the
Palace.

The unfavourable state of the weather has prevented the
Royal Family from leaving the Castle this afternoon.
Sir Henry Wheatley arrived at the Castle to-day, on a
visit to her Majesty.
The Hon. John and Mrs. Bloomfield took their departure
from the Castle this morning.

Sir Robert Peel arrived at his residence in Whitehall-gar-
dens yesterday, from a visit to Sir William Middleton, at his
seat, Shrubland Park, near Ipswich.
Baron de Brunnow, the Prussian Minister, transacted busi-
ness yesterday at the Foreign-office.
Dispatches from the Governor-General of Canada, and from
the Governors of the other North American Provinces, were
received yesterday at the Colonial-office. Dispatches were
also received yesterday at the Colonial-office from the Go-
vernor of the Mauritius.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAY.
Another flat day, and only five of the Cesarewitch nags in
anything like force, viz., Jenny Wren, The Baron, Wee
Pet, General Pollock, and Boarding-school Miss, of which
lot the first and fourth only were looking upwards at the
close. Very little disposition was shown to back Kent's lot,
or My Mary, and the outlay on the horses quoted was in
small sums :

GRAND DUKE MICHAEL STAKES.
Even on Lord Stradbroke's Idas.
CESAREINTTCH STAKES.
4 to 1 agst Kent's lot
10 to 1 agst Lord G. Bentinck's My Mary
12 to 1 agst Mr. Watts's The Baron
15 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Jenny Wren
16 to 1 agst Lord Exeter's Wee Pet—taken
20 to 1 agst Mr. W. Etwall's Egis
20 to 1 agst Lord G. Bentinck's Clumsy
25 to 1 agst Lord Stradbroke's Boarding-school Miss-
-30 to 1 taken freely
30 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's General Pollock
30 to 1 agst Colonel Peel's I-am-not-aware—taken
30 to 1 agst Mr. Clifton's Nottingham—taken
30 to 1 agst Lord G. Bentinck's Longitude
30 to 1 agst Mr. Martin's Devil's Dust
30 to 1 agst General Yates's Seaman—taken
30 to 1 agst Mr. Skerratt's Intrepid
GORTON RACES—SATURDAY.

The Gorton Cup of 50 soya , added to a Handicap of 10 sees.
each, 5 ft. The second to save his stake. Two miles.
Mr. J. Thompson's b c Lord Saltoun, 4 yrs (Cartwright) 1
Mr. Bayley named b h Xanthus, 5 yrs
Lord Eglinton's b f Bretwalda, 3 yrs 3
Mr. T. Flintoff's b f Princess Royal, 3 yrs 4
Mr. Lillie's br g Director, 4 yrs
The Champagne Stakes of 10 sovs. each, with 30 added ;
for two yrs old colts, 7st slb ; fillies, 7st 2lb ; three yrs old,
9st ; fillies, Bst 111 b. Winners extra. Three-quarters of
a mile.
Mr. Cranstone's ch c Cranebrook, 2 yrs (Francis) 1
Mr. Dawson's b c Lord Harry, 2 yrs 2
Mr. R. J. Mostyn's br f Miracle, 3 yrs ... 3
The Innkeepers' Purse of 15 soya.' added to a Handicap
Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each, for beaten horses. Heats,
one mile and a distance.
Captain Carter's ch f April Noddy, 4 yrs
Mr. J. Thompson's b g Hudibras, aged
Mr. Skelton's ch g Father Mathew, aged _ 2 bol

Match for 50 sovs. Once round and a distance.
Mr. W. Hollaad's br pony Matilda.
Mr. Royle's b pony Lady Sarah 2

(RECEIVED THIS DAY.)
NOTTINGHAM RACES.—MoNDAT.

A Plate of 501. for maiden horses, &c. ; horses that have
started three times witlout winning allowed 31hs. ; mares
and geldings allowed albs. The second to receive 10 sovs. ;
and the winner to be sold for 100/. Heats, once round and
a distance.

Mr. E. Peel's ch f Francis, 3 yrs (H. Bradley) 1 1
Mr. Walker's br g The Nobbler, 4 yrs 3 2
Mr. P. br gby Giovanni ......
The Two Year Old Stakes of 20 sovs. each, with 50 added ;
colts, Bst 71b; fillies, Bst 41b. Winners once before start-
ing, Bibs; twice, 51bs extra.
Mr. W. R. Ramsay's b c Inglewood (Neale) 1
Lord Chesterfield's cby Don John, out of Gameless ...... 2
The Chesterfield Handicap of 20*sovs. each, 10 ft, with 70
added. The second to save his stake. Twice round.

yrs
Mr. d. Thompson's br c Lord Saltoun, 4 yrs 2
Mr. Cooke's Yellow Boy, 3 yrs 3
A Plate of 60/. for three years old ; colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst
41b. The winner to be sold for 2001., if demanded, &c. ;
and the second to receive 101. Heats, a mile and three
quarters. •
Mr. Raworth's b c Idolatry (Bradley) 1 1
Mr. Clepg's b g Step-and-Fetch•it
NEWMARKET FIRST OCTOBER MEETING.
NEWMARKET, MONDAY NIGHT.

BANKRUPTCY.-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Commissioner SHEPHERD.)
I " WHIN Doarons DISAGREE," &c.—The Learned Com-
missioner was occupied a considerable time in hearing ar-
guments in support of a summons granted under the Act 1
and 2 Victoria. The party summoned must, according to the
Act, either pay the whole or part of the debt, and enter
into security to try the question at law, or be made
bankrupt.
The question has been several times specially argued be-
fore one or the other of the Learned Commissioners, who have
widely differed in opinion as to the construction of the Act.
A very few days ago a well-known public character, whose
tongue had exceeded credit on many occasions, declared that
the Act of 1 and 2 Victoria had been repealed by the 7th and
Bth ; but the Learned Commissioner (Fane) asked how a man
accustomed to drawing beer could draw conclusions on ques-
tions of law. The debtor said he would quote " Archbold's
Practice." The Learned Commissioner said Archbold might
be right, or he might be wrong; it was a mere matter of
opinion among professional men, and he should, therefore,
adjudge ghat the defendant should be made bankrupt, as he
did not pay the debt, but dared dispute it.
In the present instance the person against whom the sum-
mons was granted carried, and still carries on busi-
ness in an extensive way as a lace-merchant, but
was summoned for a small sum of fifty-four pounds. His
attorney protested altogether against the process. He said it
was most arbitrary and unjust—that his client was as sub-
stantial a man in trade as any in the city of London—that
he was prepared to make an affidavit that he had a good de-
fence to the action—and that, as it was an arbitary act, the
debtor was entitled to the most liberal interpretation of it in
his favour. Now the affidavit set forth that his client was
indebted for "goods sold." In the schedule of the Act, and
in Archbold it was laid down that there must be a full copy
of the account.
The creditor's solicitor said it was a copy of the ledger.
and invoices were deliver ed with the goods ; there could
not be better particulars; even in common law they would
not be required. In some instances two pennyworth of pins
might be an item. He submitted that the affidavit would
be sufficient to support the petitioning creditor's: debt on
opening the fiat.
The COMMISSIONER said it was true it would, yet the term
goods, &c., were not very definite.
The plaintiff's attorney submitted that as there had been
no distinct rule laid down to the reverse of his argument, that
the learned Commissioner was bound to accord with the pre-
cedents laid before him.
The defendant's attorney said his client was perfectly sol-
vent, and it would be libellous to make an assertion to the
contrary, he could pay 20s. in the pound to all his creditor?,
and was then ready, and he (the attorney) would join in an
affidavit, that he believed there was a good defence in law to
any suit.
The COMMISSIONER said, that on such -an affidavit being
made, the case was taken out of the statute.
The defendant's attorney applied for the names of the
parties making the affidavit in reply,
The plaintiff's attorney refused to give them up.
The ComnissumEa said that he had no power to order it ;
if, however it was filed for ulterior proceedings, an office copy
could be got.

(Before Commissioner EvANs.)
IN RE FRIEND.

This insolvent, who appeared a mere boy, had carried on
business as a grocer at Canterbury, in the mixed character
of a cheap " mixed tea and tobacco dealer," had preferred
presenting his petition as a " tobacco merchant," having
bought " six pounds" of that commodity and retailed it.
He had received some money on the day he filed his petition.
Is was about the sum covering necessary costs, and he paid it
" to a friendly creditor."'
The Learned COM3IISSIONER said the case must be ad-
journed for the present.

LITERATURE.

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY and COI?RESPON-
DENCE of Sir SIMONDS D'ELVES, Ba=t.
during the Reigns of Jwcis I. and Charles I. 2 Vole,
These volumes contain a great deal of gossip about
the D'Ewes family, of little or no interest to the
general reader ; but this is interspersed with occasional
narratives of the public events of the day, including the
foolish visit of " Baby Charles and Steenie" to the Court
of Spain, the death of the modern Solomon, the acces-
sion of his son, and one of the first of his great arbi-
trary ordinances, the levying of ship-money. Speaking
of that illegal impost, Sir D'Ewes, who was strongly op-
posed to the Established Church on account of its lean-
ing towards Popery, and at the same time favourable to
the reigning dynasty, says—" alt home the liberty of
the subjects of England received the most deadly and
fatal blow it had been sensible of in five hundred years
last past; for writs were isiued the summer foregoing to
all the sheriffs of England to levy great sums of money
in all the counties of the same kingdom and Wales,
under pretext and colour to provide ships for the defence
of the kingdom, although we were now in peace with all
the world, and the royal fleet was never stronger or in
better case. In all my life I never saw so many sad
faces in England as this new taxation, called ship-money,
occasioned." The author, however, did not live to see
the end of that rising against the Crown, of which this
was one of the great causes. The following is the
account of the murder of Villiers. Most of our readers
are aware that the Duke had gone down to Portsmouth
to superintend the fleet which was collected at that place
for the relief and victualling of Rochelle:—
" Some of his friends had advised him, how generally he
was hated in England, and how needful it would be for his
greater safety to wear some coat of mail or some other secret
armour : which the Duke slighting, said, It needs not;
there are no Roman spirits left.' August 23d, being Satur-
day, the Duke having eaten his breakfast between eight and
nine o'clock in the morning, in one Mr. Mason's house in
Portsmouth, was then hasting away to the Bing,
who lay at Reswick, some five miles distant, to
have some speedy conference with him. Being come to the
further part of the entry leading out of the parlour into the
hall of the house, he had there some conference with Sir
Thomas Frier, Rat., a colonel, and stooping down in taking
his leave of him, John Felton, a gentleman, having watched
his opportunity, thrust a long knife with a white haft he bad
secretly about him with great strength and violence into his
breast. under his left pap, cutting the diaphragm and lungs,
and piercing the very heart itself. The Duke, having re-
ceived the stroke, instantly clapping his right hand on his
sword-hilt, cried out, God's wounds! the villain hath killed
me.' Some report his last words otherwise, little differing
for substance from these : and it might have been wished
that his end had not been so sudden, nor his last words mixed
with so impious an expression. He was attended by many
noblemen and leaders, yet none could see or prevent the
stroke. His Duchess and the Countess of Anglesey, the wife
of Christopher Villiers, Earl of Anglesey, his younger
brother, being in an upper room, and hearing the noise in the
hall, into which they had carried the Duke, ran-presently to
a gallery that looked down into it, and there beholding the
Duke's blood gush out abundantly from his breast, nose, and
mouth (with which his speech after those his first words had
been immediately stopped), they broke out into pitiful out-
cries, and raised great lamentation. He pulled out the knife
himself, and being carried by his servants unto the table that
stood in the same hall, having struggled with death near
upon a quarter of an hour, at length he gave up the ghost
about ten of the clock the same forenoon, and lay a long
time after he was dead upon the hall table there. Mr.
Felton, that gave him the deadly wound, was a gentleman
of a very ancient family of gentry in Suffolk, very valorous,
and of a stout spirit."

The depraved state of the Church, which may be re-
garded as another cause of the excitement against the
Government, is well described in the subjoined para-
graph. It is true to the letter, and it is painful to add
that the description would answer very well for the
present day. The followers of Laud and the Puseyites
are of the same stamp:—

" I can honour and esteem a virtuous or learned Papist,
who, being educated in that religion, supposeth it to be the
truth. But for men to call themselves Protestants, as Bishop
Laud, Bishop Wren, and their wicked adherents, to swallow
up the preferments of our Church, to inveigh against Popery
in word only, and in the main to project and plot the ruin of
the truth and Gospel, to maintain and publish the most gross
and feculent errors of the Romish synagogue, to cause God's
day to be profaned, his public service to be poisoned by
idolatry and superstition, his faithful and painful ministers to
be censured, suspended, deprived, and exiled, and to threaten
a speedy ruin to the power of godliness,—this my soul abhors
as the highest step of wickedness and of prevarication against
God and his honour. I cannot but account the Pope, the
Cardinals, and Jesuits themselves saints, in comparison of
these men. For as a few traitors within a besieged city are
of a greater danger for the ruin of it than a whole army
without, so doubtless what Theodore Beza saith of the
Pseudo-Lutherans of Germany is true of these men, that
they do no less impudently and furiously weaken and under-
mine the Gospel of truth, than if they were hired by the Pope
himself at great rates."

SURGICAL AND PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS
ON THE DISEASES OF THE HUMAN FOOT;
with Instructions for their Treatment. To which is
added, Advice :on the Management of the Hand. By
John Eisenberg, author of "Practical Exposition of the
Human

Mr. Eisenberg has been long known to the public as
a skilful and scientific chiropodist. his experience in
the treatment of diseases of the feet has been extensive,
and he has here presented us with the result of that ex•
perience, in a clear and lucid treatise, which all who read
can understand, and which is written with an accuracy
of style and language which one would hardly expect to
meet with in the works of a foreigner. The following
observations, inculcating the necessity of exercising ju-
dicious discrimination in the choice of boots and shoes,
strike us as well worthy an attentive perusal.
" The lower extremities with us are destined to be confined
in leathern cases, sometimes from the knees to the toes;
these are made without much regard to the different struc-
ture of individuals ; all that the most intelligent of the shoe-
makers of the day think of is the length and breadth of the
foot ; some of them, it is true, make a last, not from the foot,
but from the boot, instead of modelling the foot, and from
thence making the shoe. To this idea we are so much ac-
customed that we often buy what we require in the most in-
discriminate manner; we go into the first shoe-shop that
presents itself to our view, and purchase a ready-made pair
of shoes, quite satisfied if they are long enough and do not
pinch at the sides; the flexibility of the material is little
thought of, and still less is any attention paid to the natural
form of each foot, for what fits one is supposed to be equally
well adapted to all. This is, however, a fearful mistake, for
which a thoughtless person has often to undergo great incon-
venience, painful annoyance, and even temporary lameness.
The great desideratum is to leave the foot to its natural
action, to incumber it as little as possible, and not to place it
in immediate contact with hard unyielding materials; and,
should there be any defects, to have them carefully remedied,
or the best means taken to obviate them."
The book, which is published in 4t0., is got up in a
most luxurious manner, with wide margin, gilt edges,
and embossed covers. It presents quite an aristocratical
appearance.

THE REAL PROPERTY STATUTES of the
8 and 9 Victoria, w;th Introduction, Notes, Forms, and
Index. By George S. Allnutt, Esq , Barrister-at-Law.
Importantinnovations in the law affecting real pro-
perty have been made by the Legislature during the
past session. Whether the good intended will be pro-
duced or not remains to be proved; but, after theexample
of the Act of the previous session, we are by no means
sanguine as to the beneficial results of the new statutes.
Mr. Allnutt has done much service to the profession by
collecting and editing these statutes, and the work appears
to have been got up with great care and ability. The
notes will furnish a useful practical guide to solicitors
in deciding upon the cases in which they may with
safety adopt the benefits which have been offered by the
Legislature. In the introduction, Mr. Allnutt states an
objection to the use cf the forms provided by the " Act
for facilitating the granting of certain Leases," which
we do not remember to have met with elsewhere. He
says:—" Hitherto in most cases leases could be read
and understood by the parties themselves without re-
sorting to their legal advisers, but, as it is not to be pre-
sumed that the Act will be in their possession, they
must, where a lease has been drawn under the Act,
seek assistance for the purpose of understanding words
which are to have an effect far beyond their natural
meaning." In this remark we entirely concur, and we
fear that this is not the only case in which the lawyers
will benefit by these attempted improvements in favour
of their clients.

DISTRESSED CONDITION OF THE

SHOEMAKERS OF NEW YORK
(From the New York Tribune.)
There is no class of mechanics who average so great
an amount of work for so little money as the journey •
men shoemakers. The number of journeymen out of
employment is also large, and out of all just proportion.
There are hundreds of them in the city constantly wan-
dering from shop to shop in search of work, while many
of them have families in a state of absolute want. One
by one the articles of their furniture hare been sold to
supply bread which the disheartened workman could not
earn, and at last the family are turned out of their
miserable garret or cellar because they cannot pay
their rent. Even those who work fare badly enough ;
and many of them live in such a way as to deprive life
of everything save the mero privilege of breath. But
for those entirely out of situations the case is still worse.
We have been in more than fifty cellars, in different
parts of the city, each inhabited by a shoemaker and
his family. The floor is made of rough plank laid
loosely down, and the ceiling is not quite so high as
a tall man. The walls are dark and damp, anda wide, deso-
ltaratefire-place
yawns in the centre to the right of the en-
nc is no outlet back, and ofcourse no yard privi-
leges of any kind. The miserable room is lighted only
by a shallow sash partly projecting above the surface of
en
ground,
ort
andhaee d
six
mb ay nt
childrenh withe
rotting l i t t l
histi light that struggles down
of
ch, his wife
andstairs.
all ages ; and
this apartment
oftenee ln
work-b
s a palsied grandfather or grandmother, and often
both. In one corner is a squalid bed, and the
room elsewhere is occupied by the work bench, a
tLthe
iivv steepe e
cradle made from a dry-goods box, two or three
broken and seatless chairs, a stewp.m, and a kettle.
Here is the whole of that thing so noble in the abstract,
so lofty in the destiny intended for it, so full of every
source of joy and gladness—a family of human beings.
Here they work—here they cook, they eat, they sleep,
they pray—if to pray they have not forgotten. They
procure a little something to eat by the chance jobs of
gentlemen's or children's mending brought in by the rich
people above ground in the neighbourhood, who are not
celebrated for paying a poor cobbler high prices.
Now this picture is faithfully drawn—not over-coloured
in any one particular. We have written nothing that
we have not seen over and over again with our own
eyes. We permitted our correspondent to state his case
in a former number, in his own language. It is doubt-
less well as far as it goes ; but it does not touch the dark
shades in the condition of the shoemakers in this city.
They are the worst paid, and live the least like life of all
men who have spent years in learning trades that they
might know how to live. We met recently, going
up the Iludson, a journeyman shoemaker, pale and
haggard with unremitting toil. lie had his wife and

three children with him, and told us, with a truly thank-
ful air, that he had at length escaped from New York,
and was going to Herkimer county, where ho owned a
little patch of land, and could raise his own potatoes.
Enviable fortune, indeed ! He said he had tried it faith-
fully for years—worked early and late—half clad and
half fed his family, and almost ruined his own health—
in the hope that something would turn up. But he had
given it up. He used to get 2s. 6d. a pair for making
ladies' gaiter-boots, and said this was the usual price
paid for good second-rate work. He lived in a sort of
shed, in the rear of a wooden-house, and paid for his
room four dollars a month. He could make from eight
to ten pairs of gaiters in a week, if he had steady em-
ployment—but this he seldom had. In winter, when
work is slack and expenses much increased, the, em-
ployers come and offer even lower prices—and they are
compelled to accept them. Oh, he said he was glad to
think he was already so far from that "hard-hearted
city."
There are often several hundred journeymen in New
York who have no regular situations, and of those who
have work, a great number do not receive, on the aver-
age, over three and a half and four dollars per week.
How they live we have attempted to show.
But, of course, there are a few very skilful and taste-
ful workmen who get more. They are employed on the
choicest work, and receive for the first quality of ladies'
gaiters four or five shillings per pair. A man makes of
these a pair in a day. A skin of French patent leather
costs $2,50, and will cut six or seven pairs of foxings.
'Thewhich
cuts Sat i t
h Frrette par
n c s secosts s
;t e eleven
andshillings
s
fifty cents, or five shillings per pair—and the boots are
sold to the customers for $3. This, of course, relates
binding ck)s closing; per
yard,o
s t
to the finest kind of custom-work.

ROMANCE IN THE ALMS-HOUSES.
MISFORTUNES OF A MISER.—Much gossip has been
indulged in for some days past in this city, arising
out of a serious loss that has befallen an old
woman named Anne Woodward, an inmate of St.
Bartholomew's Hospital. This individual has been
a recipient of the benefits of the above cha-
ritable institution for a period of about thirteen
years, and at the time of her election some of her disap-
pointed competitors stated to the Committee of Trustees
that she was possessed of wealth. This, however, she so-
lemnly denied, and on being elected into this most com-
fortable and benevolentasylum, she fell on her knees, and
implored the blessing of the Almighty upon the trustees
for having saved her from perishing of starvation. It now
appears that the old creature acted the part of a shameless
hypocrite and a fradulent impostor on a most praise.
worthy institution ; for it has just transpired that at
the time of her election, when she affected to be in a
state of abject misery, she possessed a fortune sufficient
to maintain her in decency and comfort to the end of her
days. Her wealth has, however, now taken to itself wings,
for by the defaultOnd embarrassments of a gentleman in
whom she placed trust, she has sustained the loss of her se-
cret hoard, to the extent, it is stated, of considerably more
than a thousand pounds. The history of the old woman,
as it has been told to us, is a somewhat curious one.
She is now about 80 years of age. Several years ago
she bestowed her affections upon a man named Wood-
ward, who accepted them rather reluctantly, she being, we
believe, considerably his senior; but as she was very
urgent in her courtship, and had, moreover, the reputa-
tion of possessing a well-stocked purse, Woodward
surrendered himself to the impetuosity of her wooing,
and married her at Newent. After the marriage she de-
clared she had not a shilling in the world; and in proof of
this she practised such a system of rigid economy in her
household arrangements, that she very nearly starved her
husband to death. They entered upon a lodging-house in
Cheltenham, but her husband, not relishing the idea of
being attenuated to a walking skeleton, determined to
seek his fortune elsewhere alone, and by mutual agree-
ment a separation took place, the husband wending
his way to London, in the hope of enjoying
once more the luxury of a full meal, and his
wife remaining behind as lodging-house-keeper at
Cheltenham. She, however, soon followed his ex-
ample, sold off her goods, and departed also, no one
knew whither, and for a number of years nothing more
was seen or heard of her. In process of time her hus-
band was gathered to his fathers, and then, as if she bad
dropped from the clouds, his widow again made her
appearance on the scene, and succeeded in persuading
the dispensers of charity in Gloucester that she was a
fit and proper object for admission into the hospital of
St. Bartholomew. Here she became a recipient of
five shillings and sixpence per week, with
house-rent free, and other perquisites; but her parsi-
monious disposition accompanied her into this retreat,
and it is supposed that she contrived to save and hoard
up at least the one-half of her weekly allowance. It
has now transpired that at the time of her admission into
the hospital, she had a large sum of money invested in
Government securities, but in a fictitious name; a step
which she is supposed to have resorted to, in order to pre-
vent her husband's heirs from laying claim to any part of it.
Lately, the state of her affairs was communicated in con-
fidence to a gentleman held in much esteem in this
city and neighbourhood, but whose pecuniary embarrass-
ments unfortunately caused him in this instance to fall a
victim to temptation. It was felt by some of the old woman's
nearest relatives, who expected to be benefited by her
will, and who well knew how her money was deposited,
that after her death some difficulty might be experienced
in obtaining payment of Government Stock stooling in
a fictitious name ; and the gentleman above alluded to,
it is stated, advised that the Stock should be sold
out and re- invested. The selling-out was accom-
plished by him on her behalf, but the re-invest-
ment was postponed, and finally, the affairs of
the gentleman have become so involved that he has left
the country, and the old woman's long-cherished secret
stare (of some 1,200 L it is said) has vanished. Still,
notwithstanding the magnitude of her loss, she receives,
and probably deserves, but little sympathy ; for, with
ample means to exist in independence, she has for thir-
teen years been eating the bread of charity, and by so
doing has for the whole of that period been perpetrating
a gross fraud, and has stood in the way of really de-
serving objects being benefited by benevolence which
was intended for the unfortunate and destitute.—Glou-
cester Journal.

FORGERY AND FRAUD.
A prosecution for forgery and fraud, coding in bank-
ruptey, connected with an incident which occurred a short
time ago in London, when a Frenchman named Besset
was arrested on a warrant issued by the Lord Mayor,
compliance with the late convention between France and
England for the reciprocal extradition of certain classes
of criminals, but who was afterwards released by a
judge's warrant, on the ground that fraudulent bank-
ruptcy was a crime unknown to the English law, was on
Monday last brought on before the Court of Assizes.
The parties now brought to the bar are—Joseph Oscar de
Sazy, aged 32, merchant, born at Naples ; Joseph Regis-
Germain, aged 39, merchant, of Romans (Drome); and
Victor Bandon, aged 38, of Valence (Drome), originally
a watchmaker, afterwards an accountant or book-keeper,
and latterly clerk to the two first named parties. Two
ofiier parties were included in the indictment, but
neither of whom has been arrested, and therefore they
were tried by default. Their names are—Francois
Caruel, alias Delarmarcotelle, alias Pricene r, aged 50, a
a native of Normandy, who has lived successively in
Paris, Jersey, New York, and London, and is believed
to be at this time at Baltimore, in the United States,
and has been condemn( d to hard labour for 10 years, by
default, for fraudulent bankruptcy; and Jacques Besset,
ag-,al 48, formerly a shawl manufacturer at Lyons, but
lately resident at London. The indictment is of extreme
length, and we shall confine ourselves to abstracting
only such parts as are sufficient to show the main
features of the ease, and the share taken by each of
the accused parties in the acts incriminated. In
August and September, 18-12, Carnet, Olen lately
arrived from America, Sazy, and Regis Germain met
in London to establish a commercial commission
warehouse, under the name of Pricener and Co. The
name of Pricener did not legitimat.ly belong to them,
but Caruel assumed it, pretending that it was the maiden
name of his wife, and also the name of an uncle in
America, who had authorised him to use it, and who
was to be a sleeping partner in the business. This firm
of Pricener and Co. established itself at No. 38, Fen-
church-street, London, and had also a corresponding
house in Paris, at No. 61, Rue de Provence, under the
name of Regis-Germain. Sazy acted as travelling part-
ner both in France and abroad, to keep up the credit of
both houses, and negotiate their bills for such goods as
were purchased in their names. Baudon was first only
a clerk at 1,200 f., and afterwards 1,500 f. a year. In
this manner their proceedings went on till June, 1844,
when the bubble burst, and Pricener decamped from
London and went to America. Regis-Germain, on
the 25th of the same month, disappeared from Paris,
and went to Brussels with his mistress, but was
afterwards overtaken at Rotterdam, by a creditor.
An application was made to the Tribunal de Com-
merce, and Regis-Germain was declared bankrupt. On
investigating his affairs it was found that the debts
amounted to 400,000 f. and the assets to literally nothing,
for even his furniture was absorbed by arrears of rent.
Baudon was therefore arrested in Paris, and Sazy, who
was still carrying on trade, was taken at Grandville, in
virtue of a telegraphic dispatch. Besset acted in Eng-
land much in the same capacity as Sazy in France,
where also Besset occasionally came, and by the auda-
city of his proceedings alarmed both Caruel and Regis-
Germain, and in fine cheated them both by converting
considerable purchases, made in their names and with
their bills, to his own use. In fact, it was sufficiently
shown that this man was, beyond all comparison, the
greatest rogue of the set, and by his appropriations
had hastened the termination of their schemes, and
made the catastrophe tenfold more glaring and despe-
rate. From the interrogation of Sazy by the President,
it appeared that he had previously to the establishment
of this precious concern, been in correspondence
with Caruel, who therein used the name of Delamarco-
telle, while he, Sazy, signed that of Saint Clair, and
from which correspondence he must have known that
Caruel was not worth a sou, and yet he represented it
to Laborde, the banker, that he began business with a
capital of 100,000 f., and that his partners brought in
50,000 f. more. Regis-Germain, in answer to the ques-
tions put to him, stated that being lame he was at first
destined for the priesthood, :but, at the age of fif-
teen, he changed his mind and became clerk to a
notary, and afterwards traveller to a commercial
home till about 1841, when falling into bad
health, his mother induced him to give up that employ-
ment. He first made acquaintance, in 1836, with Dela-
ruarcotelle, at Jersey, being recommended to him by the
master of an hotel at Granville, and Delamarcotelle re
commended him to Sazy. Regis-Germain denied that
when he entered into connexion with",Caruel and Sazy,
in 1842, he knew that he was without money, for Besset,
who was known to be rich, said that he should enter the
house and support it. He also understood that there
was to be a sleeping partner, who would advance 50,000 f.
In fine, he protested that until the bills upon the house
of Pricener were returned in 1844 unpaid, he believed
that all was right. Ho then wished to withdraw from
the concern, but was ridiculed for his fears P-„: over-
persuaded by Besset, who affirml2:l that he had his
whole fortune, amounting 1,11 500,000 francs, embarked
in the, business. Regis-Germain further declared that
he went to Brussels and Rotterdam only in pursuit
of Besset, and to endeavour to get back a quantity
of goods which that person had taken with him, in
order that there might be something for the creditors.
Baudon throughout his examination maintained that he
had done nothing but what was the duty of a cierk in a
solvent house, although at times there might be a want
of money to meet the demands upon it, never receiving
any further remuneration for his services than his
stipulated salary. On proceeding to the evidence, many
letters and other written documents were read and
verified. Numerous merchants and tradesmen were
examined, and most, if not all, of them stated that, at
the beginning, all the bills given for the merchandise
they supplied to the house of Regis-Germain were
paid, though in the end they were left creditors,
and some to a very large amount. M. Dubois, a dealer
in leather, who was one of them, and who, after the
bankruptcy, became provisional syndic, or assignee,
represented that, having sold a quantity of leather
to the house of Pricener through Regis Germain for
ready money, he went to London, and called upon
Pricener and Co. for payment. Sazy was present, and
the pretended Pricener rebuked him roundly for dealing
for ready money, and Sazy said nothing, but stood like
a scolded school-boy before his master. That account,
however, and a second one on bills, were duly paid. The
money for the third, however, still remained due, the
leather sold having been delivered only on the strong
but false representations of Besset. fie stated that
he believed Regis-Germain to have acted honestly
at the beginning, but thought be must have known
before the close the real state of affairs, and ought
not to have gone on. M. Dubois could not call Regis-
Germain a rogue, but thought he was very weak.
Bandon, he said, never gave any orders, and he knew
nothing to induce him to believe he was an accomplice
in the frauds. Of Besset, M. Dubois said that he did
not think there was a man at the hulks more criminal.
M. Dubois, who went to London to procure the extra-
dition of Besset, gave a very lively description of his in-
solence when he was released from his arrest by the
judge's warrant, but we have not space for it. He con-
cluded by expressing a hope that he should still be able
to lay hold of him. That Regis-Germain, when he went
to Brussels and Rotterdam, had no intention of abscond.
ing from his creditors, but went, as he stated in his ex-
amination, with the hope of overtaking Besset, and re-
covering some of the money from him, was shown by
the evidence of M. Paris, a creditor, who followed him
to Rotterdam, and there found him in great distress of
mind, complaining of having been cruelly deceived, with
so little in his purse that he had been obliged to pawn
his watch. M. Paris gave him tk supply, and Regis-
Germain readily came back with him to Paris.
These are the principal circumstances of the case.
The trial lasted till yesterday (Thursday) at three in the
afternoon, when the jury retired to consider their verdict.
At six they returned, declaring all the three prisoners
guilty, but finding extenuating circumstances in favour
of Bandon. The prisoners, on hearing the verdict read
to them, were completely overcome. On being asked by
the President whether they had anything to say why
judgment should not be passed on them, Germain burst
into tears and exclaimed, " Gentlemen, have pity upon
my poor mother!" Sazy atbampted to speak, but his words
were choked in his throat. Baudon remained silent. The
counsel for Germain intimated an intention to appeal
so the Court of Cassation, on the grounds of irregularity
in the indictment and proceedings so far as regarded
him. The President then delivered the judgment of the
court, condemning Sazy to hard labour at the hulks for
ten years, 100 f. fine, and exposure on the pillory ; Re-
gis-Germain to close confinement with hard labour for
seven years, a fine of 100 f., and exposure on the pillory ;
and Baudon to simple imprisonment for five years.—
Galignani.

The workmen, in repairing the Grand Court of
Louis XIV., the Hotel de Vile, have discovered two marble
slabs, on which are the following inscriptions :—" 1660—In-
terview between Louis XIV., King of France, and Philip of
Spain, in the Island of Pheasants, when peace was sworn
between the two kings. Marriage of the King with Maria
Theresa of Austria, Infanta of Spain. Solemn entry of their
Majesties into the city of Paris amidst the acclamations of
the people." " 1684—The King granted peace to the Alge-
rians; punished the Genoese; forced his enemies to accept a
truce for twenty years; and, yielding to the prayers of the
Spaniards, remitted 3,500,000 livres of taxes."—Galignani.
WRESTLlNG.—Yesterday a match took place at
the Brecknock Arms, Camden Town, between Bowden, of
Cornwall, and Truscott, of Devonshire, the best of three
back falls, which terminated by Bowden throwing Truseott
the first fall, and Truscott throwing Bowden the other two.
JUDGES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM.—There are
363 judges in the United Kingdom, whose salaries amount to
402,032!. a year. England has 145, Ireland 124, and Scotland
94. The salaries in England are 208,976/., in Ireland 116,0861.,
and in Scotland 76,9701.
FISH, FLESH, FOWL, AND VEGETABLES.—It is
ta
singular fact that fatal diseases are, at the present motTietets,
.
prevalent amongst members of all the abovaegicatmesdwitibi a
Cattle, as our readers know, have long be
a
t
grouse have died
distemper which has destroyed numbers;
has variously
destroyed
scribed; and the
in hundreds ofsonalteuirnraaliandya,mwoihigichst;
of Europe. It is now stated
the crops over a great portion . potatoes tbeenoes
broken out .t
the rivers, numbers of pike, eels, and other fish
the fish in
that a plague of some description has among's.
being found dead, or dying, on the surface of the water.—
Liretpool Albion,
HOP INTELLIGENCE.—CANTERBURY. The past
week has been most disastrous to the hops—the high winds
and cold weather have swept away from 30,000!. to 50,000/
iitgoit the Picking
of the duty. Poles have been prostrated and hops scattered
e( 'isaet eide ill: 1 n
ahlalvoever likewiset i gardens; abredeenn s;
greatlynlanydoefptrl
blue
has been carried on generally, and all accountsquality.
concur
in the
hops being not only bad in quality, but ve _ ry light. Genera,
report states that great havoc
has
been made among ill'
hops ; that they are rapidl •
3going off, and the duty is as rae
pidlv talling.—Caul .1
I`, ei airy Journal.
-
vOACH ACCI 0•
DENT.— n Friday afternoon last the
coach called the Rapid, which runs between Carlisle and
Lancaster, going southwards, heavily laden with passengers,
overturned near Shap, Westmoreland, in consequence of the
axletree breaking, but none of the passengers were severely
injured. Before the coach could be repaired a delay of op-
I wards of four hours took place.

EXECUTION AT GENOA.
Went to the mole, wishing to see what preparations
had been made l'or the execution. but was refused ad-
mittance at the gates. I th,n took a boat and went on
board the Emulous, an Eeglah schooner, lying near the
mule, and at a short distance from the gallows. Ahout4
noon the two criminals arrived on foot, escorted by a.'
procession of officers of justice, monks, and others,
with a banner, crucifix, &e. The gallows was very
low, and had no drop nor stage, but a strong wide ladder
was placed against the cross-beam. The execu-
tioner was a tall, powerful man, very well and
neatly dressed, with his hair n:cely arranged, appearing
somewhat like a respectable servant in half livery. Ile
mounted the ladder first, and one of the criminals, ap-
parently without any compulsion, followed behind him,
caressed in shabby, dirty clothes, with no cap or other
covering for his head or face. Ilis arms were closely
pinioned to his side. When the executioner had at-
tached the halter, previously placed round the criminal's
nook, to the hook, with a smitten thrust, be pushed him
uff the ladder, and supportiog hives if by the beam, he
stood on the neck and thouLters of his victim, jumping,
stamping, and Lending the head sideways as much as
possible, while one or two assist,nts below forci-
bly at his legs. The ,Aretehud man appeared to be quite
dead in less than halt' a minute.

The execution of the second ho was treated
in the same manner, was a still more horrid spectacle,
for he was dragged up the ladder, step by step, by main
force, by the executioner and his leen ; and his terror
must have be n inereas, d, if possible, by seeing the
ghastly corpse of his companion dangling above him.
In another minute lie was iiiinself a corpse hanging by
his side. A itanthonie bell-led priest then motin:ed the
ladder, and made a .1.11011 address to the spectators,
exhorting them (as I r..as intbirned, for I was at too
great a distance to bear his words) to take warning by
the fate of the criminals. Not more than 200 or 300
persons were admitted on the mole. The greater part of
the spectators were in boats, or in the vessels in the ha:-
baur, and among them all I could not see more than
about twenty women, who were chiefly quite of the
lower orders. The assembly behaved quietly, but showed
great indifference, and even levity.
The bodies of the criminals remained on the gallows
till half-past five in the afternoon. and the spot was
visited by thousands, the mole being even to the public
as usual. They were natives of 'Savona. They had
been notoriously bad characters, and one of them had
been a thief from the age of five years, at which time
he was in the habit of cutting off the leaden weights
from the fishermen's nets when they were spread out to
dry on the shore. The crime for which they suffered
was a murder of the worst description. They had gone
to the house of a priest in Genoa, and finding from the
servant that her master was out, and would not return
for some time, they murdered her by strangling her
with their own hands; after which they had brutally
disfigured the body. They had then plundered the
house of some plate and other articles of value. They
both made a confessii.n of th. it guilt.
This method of executing criminals, though really
quite as humane as thatadopted in England, and perhaps
more so, appears ye. y barbarous and uncivilised, and
the spectacle is rendered infinitely more horrid by the
face being exposed. The rolling eyes, the protruded
tongue, the features, purple and distorted in the death
agony of strangulation, and with that • lideous
expression upon them becoming gradually fixed
and rigid, form a spectacle, the horrors of
which can neither be described by those who have wit-
nessed it, nor conceived by those who have not. But
the advocates for capital punishments and public execu-
tions say that the example is useful in deterring others
from committing crime. If so, the Genoese are more
rational than the English, because, without increasing.'
the sufferings of the criminal, they make that example
as effective and horrible as possible. And the ads
dress of the priest, standing on the ladder by the side of
the scarcely lifeless bodies, and speaking to an asseu!'uly,
every individual of which, however depraved, urust, for
a short time at least, be in a serious mood, might be
made, if well managed, a very solnin and impressive
part of this dreadful ceremony.•-_(From an Eye Witness.)

NEW GERMAN REFORMATION.
The Universal German Ga.:, tle contains the follow-
ing :—" The divine service of the German Catholic
Church has been celebrated for the first time at
Malle (Prussia). Mr. Denneth, curate of the German
Catholic congregation of Frankfort, officiated. The ser-
mon was preached by Mr. Wittig, curate of Hamburgh.
The ceremony took place in the praying-room of the
Institution de Franck : 41 members received the sacra-
ment."

The Frankfort Jour:.ai announces that on Saturday,
the 20th, was c':;iistituted, at Essling (Wirtemburg), the
Germanl Catholic congregation of that town. The mein.
1.:-rs amount to 40, some of whom were Protestants the
others converted Roman Catholics. The appearance of
Mr. Ronge was anxiously hoped for. Mr. Mangold wag
named head of the new sect.
A new decree was issued on the 18th by the Govern-
ment of Hesse concerning the Germaa Catho-
lics. The motive for this proceeding was afforded
by a petition of the German Catholics of Ilanau,
that the curate of the town should be authorised
to officiate at baptisms, marriages, and funerals.
The German Catholics of Marbourg had also demanded
permission to form themselves into a congregation ac-
cording to the principles adopted at the Council of
Leipsic, with the assistance of Protestant clergymen at
their religious ceremonies.
The following is the decree :—" A sect which desires
to form itself according to the principles and rules of the
Council of Leipsic cannot be tolerated nor recognised in
the electorate of Hesse. The assistance of evangelical
clergymen cannot be allowed to the members of such a.
sect. The private meetings of such a sect cannot any
longer be tolerated, and the n.embers must confine their
devotions to their own h0u,..,e5."

- -
DEATH OF JUDGE STORY.
This eminent man is no more. He died on We,lnes.
dav evening at his residence in Cambridge at a quartcr
before nine o'cicck. His pulse had ceased to beat and
his hands were cold before eight o'clock. His dis-
ease was stoppage of the intestines, or internal strangu-
lation, which two years ago caused the death of Hugh
St. Legard, Attorney General of the 'United States, then
on a visit to Boston.
Joseph Story was born in 1780. He graduated at
Harvard University in 1798. He was appointed Asso-
ciate Justice of the United States, by President Madison,
in 1811. In addition to t.'ne duties of Judge of the Su-
preme Court he devoted much of his time to the Cam-
bridge Law School as Dane Professor of Law in Har-
vard University, His commanding talents as a lawyer,
and the pee.tifar felicity with which he imparted" to
others tte rich stores of his own mind, gave Harvard
Law school a pre-eminence over all other similar insti-
-1 tntions.

It is a painful coincidence that the Principals of our
two great law institutions, Harvard and Yale, should
have passed from the scenes of their labours to the world
of spirits with but a few days in.'cervening between their
deaths.

The fame of Story was not confined to our country.
Ho bad a deservedly high European reputation. His
name reflected honour on the high post of honour which
he held. Jay, Ellsworth, Marshall, Story and others have
given character to the Court and made it what the framers
of the constitution intended it to be, the crowing glory
of a free and law abiding people. Few of the great
men who have given lustre to the Supreme Court have
done so much for the clear exposition of its laws. Mar-
shall and Story rank side by side in this respect. Cool
judgment, great learning, firmness of character, strict
integrity, a clear head and pure heart, rendered him
eminently fit for that place, now vacant, and which wt
fear cannot be filled. A substitute we may and will
have—his equal we cannot expect to find. The lofti-
ness of his intellect, the purity of his gentle spirit—
the magic spell with which his conv-rsation charmed
his hearers, made him the idol of every circle is which
he moved.

But this is neither the time nor place to write his his-
tory or his eulogy. While we bow with submission to
the overruling will of Providence, we maybe permitted
to mourn the misfortunes of our country in the loss3cif
her brightest jewels—Thompson, Baldwin, Story, taint,
from a single department of our Government in so short
a time. Truly we are fallen upon gloomy days when
star after star fades from our horizon, leaving us in com-
parative darkness to mourn their setting, alas ! never
again to rise in that sky where their light is so much
needed.—New York Tribune.

ENLARGEMENT OE THE 44 OISSERVEL"—During the
past six months the Observer has given an epitome of rail-
way information, malty of the articles original, and not at-
tainable by any other journal. With a view to extend
such authenticated information more in detail Mr. Clement
purposes increasing the size of the Observer to that of the
Times. This important enlargement will take place the last
Sunday in October, without any increase of price, which,
will remain at sixpence. The Observer is regularly pub-
lished at five o'clock on Sunday mornings The Monday's.
subscribers, is published at four o'clock every Aoay
edition, which is best adapted for readers abroad and countryi
afternoon.
_We are requested to
state that Mr. Colburn,. Great Marlborough-street, has
Works, which can now be
THE NEW PUBLICAO,TfiNOeNwS.
just published the following
5 of M. Thiers's History of
Translated by D. Forbes
and
Esq., with the sanction
approval of the
Campbell, s
theh d
Consulateo f
2 Vol. 4of the Nelson Letters and Dis-
patches-3. Bvo., ss.—. •
of the
A Third Edition Crescent and the Cross,
Warburton, Esq., 2 vols., with Illustrations 21s.
all
by Eliot
boolcsanel,kertsh'e Empire,
St 1 bound.-4. Lady Hester an lope sMemoirs, Related hy
Herself, 3 vols., with Illustration, 31s. fd. hound.--5.
Third Edition of Sybil, or the Two Notions, by B.
Disrali, Esq., M.P.-6. A Second Edition of Revelations of
Spain, by I'. N. Hughes, with numerous additions, 2 vols.,
21s. bound.-7. The Diary and Memoirs of Sophia Dorothea,
Consort of George 1., 2 vols., Bvo., with Portraits, 28s. bound.
....-8. Memoirs of Prince Charles Stuart, commonly called
" The Young Pretender," by C. L. Klose, Esq 2 vols.,
Bvo.,
with Portrait, 245. bound.
DEATH OF SIR CHARLES GORDON OF DRIMNIN-
-We regret to state that Sir Charles Gordon, the well-known
and highly-respected secretary of the Highland and Agri-
cultural Society, died at his house, No. 6, Albvn-place, on
Thursday evening last. Sir Charles, we understand, was in
the fifty-third year of his age, and had held the important
situation of secretary of the Highland Society for upwards of
twenty years. He received the honour of knighthood from.
William the Fourth, in 1836 Ho had long been in a delicate
state of health, though, we understand, his death was very
unexpected at the last.—Edinburgh Witness.
DEATH OF THE DOWAGER MARCHIONESS Cop
BREADALBANE.—We have just learned that the Dowager
Marchioness of Breadalbane died at Langton House, on
Thursday evening last. Her ladyship, who was daughter of
David Gavin, Esq., of Langton, married to John, fourth
Earl of Breadalbane, in 1793, and was considerably advanced
in years.—Edinburgh Witness.
I3ATTLE CHURCIL—On cleansing and scraping the
old wash from the walls of Battle Church, previous to their
being re-washed, the walls are discovered to be full of paint-
ings, of a very ancient and curious character, some of theta
very well executed, which appear to have been done during
the reign of one of the Edwards, or IrobalAy before.