The Sun.
London, England, 1818-08-10 00:00:00

LITERARY REVIEW.

'SPEECVIES delivered by the Bight Honourable
CANNING, i,t the publio Celebration of his third Itetur
to ntrlianient fur the Town of Liverpool, June 29, 1318.

It is witlt no ticgree of pleqstire evc re
'mind our Readers that THE SUN was the medion

thrott4h which this adil)rdbie Spet:cli was inst
submitteti to the Loidota were struck

with its importance at a cur,ory glance, and,
prcsstd as we were for time and space, we %%Tye
determi:ied that " the coldness of delay should
uot hang over" a wotk 30 welt calculated to un-

led the sopistries of Faction, and to inculcAte
sound political plincipies; w•e therefore inserted
it on the day when it reached Town. We have

since taken riLlity opportunities of recommending
the circulation of i:, in► cheap Editions, through-
out the British Empire. Our wish has been
abundantly gratified, fur several loyal characters
of Liverpool, naturally proud that their town
could boast 'Of such a Representative, and anxious
to difinse.a composition so well fitted to counter-
act the doctrines cf mot!cru Reformers, or ra-
ther Revolutionists, had many thousands of it
printed and disseminated all over the United

Kingdom. It is a proof of the sound principles
and the irrefragabie reasoning of this Speech,
that no attempt has been made to refute any of
its positions, even in the factious Journals of the
Metropolis, and that the only abut tive opposition to
it which has occurred, was ti:ade in the drunken re-
velry of a Party dinner by Sir FRANCIS BURDETT,
%Ow well knew that whatever he said on such an
occasion would be sure of applause, whether he

uttered rank nonsense, or might have had some
glimmerings of meaning, which his hearers were
not likely to perceive. Sir FRANCIS acted rather
imprudently, in attempting to handle a work too
large for his grasp, and
_which could only
expose hint to censure, for appearing to con-
ceive that such a time and such a place were
fit for the discussion of_questions of intricacy
end importa:;ce. But he knew he could not
venture to attack the work where be would
be in danger of receiving an answer, and
what he said must therefore he considered as
mere declamation, suitable to the capacity and
disposition of a factious assembly. The same
feelings which act tr,ated the loyal Gentlemen in
Liverpool, has induced Mr. NtcoL, whose at-

tachment to our venerably Monarch has long
been known, and wlw, was long honoured with

the Royal favour, to print these. Speeches in their
present handsome form, and to distribute them
with a zeal which shet%s a sense of public spirit

that overpowers all considerations of prist3te. ad

vantage. 13:tore we proceed to extract a few
passages that cannot
,be too strongly impressed
on the Public, we may venture to take some cre-

dit also for having been the first to publish in a
London pint the admirable Speeches of Messrs.

CHARLES GRANT, Senior and Junior, and that o

Mr. SINCLAIR, on tl►e respective Elections for
the Counties of Inverness and Caithness, all pure
effusions of patriotic eloquence, that well deserve
to be rescued front the perishable columns- of a
Newspaper, and to be preserved in permanent re-
positories of political wisdom. We differ, in-

deed, with Mr. SINCLAIR in some points, butt the

purity of his principles, his true public spirit, and
the enlargement of his views, justly entitle him to

the esteem and confidence of the People. We

shall now subjoin an extract from the 'l'ract be

fore us, which conveys i!nportant truths %%kit
such force and doquence, that we are sure our

Readers will thank us for bringing it again to

their notice :

‘, Gentlemen, it does seem somewhat singular, and I con'
eeire that.l he historian of future times will he at a loss ,to
imagine how it should happen, that at this particuiar period,
at the, close of a war of such unexampled brilliancy, in which
this country had acted a part, so much beyond its supposed
physical strength and its apparent resource. there should
arise a sect of philosophers•in this country, who begin- to
suspect something. rotten in the BritiA;Constitntion. The
history of 'Europe for the last twenty-five years is something
like this :—A gigantic power went forth, animated with the
spirit of evil, to overwhelm every community of the civilized
world. Before this dreadful assailant, empires, and monar-
chits, and republics, bowed ; some were crumbled into dust,
and some bought-their safety by compromise. In the midst
of this wide-spread ruin, among totteriug„ columns, and fall-
ing edifices; one fabric alone stood erect and braved the
storm Cand not only provided for its own internal security,
bUt was enabled to send forth at every portal, armed aids to
whoever wanted support. On this edifice floated that ensign
(pointing to the British flag), a signal of rallying to the com-
batant, and of shelter to the fallen.

" To an impartial observer, I will not say to an inhabitant
of this little fortress—to an impartial observer, in Whatever
part of the world, one should think something of this 'sort
would have occurred":—Here is a fabric constructed upon
sonic principles not common to others around it; principles
which enable it to-stand erect while every thing is prostrate
or tottering around it. In the 'construction of this fabric there
roust be some curious felicity which the eye of the philosopher
would-be well employed in investigating,and which its neigh-
hours may profit by adopting. This, I say, Gentlemen, would
have been an obvious inference. But what shall we think of
their understandings who draw an inference directly he re-

kvh'' 1" Us, 11.1 v, 5t.,,;(1 ~Ileirathers liave

fallen; when others have crouched, yoei have borne your-
selves aldfr ; yen atone have resisted the pov,.er which has
shaken and swallowed up half the civilized 'world. We like
northis suvicions peculiarity. -There wrist be something
wrong in your internal c.niforitiation !' With this unhappy
curiosity, and in the spirit of this perverse analysis, they pro-
ceed to dissect our ConstitutiOn. they find that, like other
State `we have a monarch; that a nobility, thoughilvt or-
ganiAd like ours, is common to all the great empires of Eu-
top, ; but that, am distinction lies in a popular assembly,
which gives life, and vigour, and strength to the whole frame
of the Government. I here, therefore, they find the seat of
our disease. Our reccant part is, undoubtedly, the House of
Commons. Hence oar presumptuous exemption from what
-was • the conmon lot of all nor neighbours ; the anomaly
ought for: ;with to be corrected; and, therefore, the House
of Com:nous must be reformed.

" Gentlemen, it cannot but hare struck you as somewhat
extraordin,:ry, that whereas, in speaking of foreign Sove-
teigns, our reformers are never very sparing of uncourtly
epithets; that whereas, in discussing the general principles
of Government, they seldom omit an opportunity of discre-
diting and deriding the privileged orders of society; yet,
when they come to discuss the British Constitution, nothing
can be more respectful than their language towards the
Crown; nothing more forbearing titan their treatment of the
aristocracy. With the House of Cloutmons alone they take
the freedom of familiarity ; upon it they pour out all the vials
of their wrath, and exhaust their denunciations of amend-
ment.

" Gentlemen, this, though extraordinary, is not unintelli-
gible. The reformers are wise in their generation. They
know well enough, and have read plainly enough in our own
history, that the prerogatives of the Crown and the privileges
of the Peerage would be but as dust in the balance against
a preponderating democracy. They mean' democracy and,
nothing else. And, give them but A House of Commons
constructed on their own principles, the Peerage and the
Throne may exist for a day, but may be swept from the face
of the earth by the first angry vote of such a House of Com-
mons.

" It is, therefore, utterly unnecessary for the reformers to
declare hostility to the Crown; it is, therefore, utterly super-
fluous for them to make war against the Peerage. They kuow
that, let but their principles hare full play, the Crown and
the Peerage would be to the Constitution which they assail,
but as the baggage to the army—and the destruction of them
but as the gleanings of the battle. They know that the battle
is with the House of Commons, as at present constituted ;
and that that once overthrown, another popular assembly
constructed on their principle—as the creature and depository
of the people's power', and the unreasoning instrument of
the people's will7there would not only be no chance, but
(I will go further for them in avowal, though not in inten-
tion,
than they go themselves,) there would not be a pretenee
for the existence of any other branch of the Constitution.
"Gentlemen, the whole fallacy lies in this : - the reformers
reason from false premises, and therefore are driving on their
unhappy adherents to false and dangerous conclusions. The
Constitution of this country. is a Monarchy, controlled by
two assemblies; the one hereditary, independent alike of the
Crown and the People; the other elected by and fur the
People, but elected for the purpose of controlling and not
administering the Government. The error of the reformers,
error it can be called, is, that they argue as if the Consti-
tntion of this country was a democracy, inlaid (for ornament's
sake) with a Peerage, and topped (by sufferance) with a
Crown.

" If they say that for such a Constitution, that is, in effect,
for an unbalanced democracy, the present House of Commons
is not sufficiently popular,' they are right; but such a Con-
stitution is not what we hare or what we desire. %re are
born under a Monarchy which it is our duty, as n►uch as it is
for our happiness, to preserve ; and which there cannot be a
shadow of doubt that the .reforms which are recommended
to its would destroy."

lIEATItICAL REGISTER.
• Perpwmed on Saturday Night.
Tli E.% T Fan Tutti. End of the First Act,
La Veillee Villageoise. After the Opera, Zcphir, ou le
Itetonr do Printemp.
THEATRE 4,01'.% L, FlaYslammr.—The Africans : Sullen, Mr.
Warde: Berissa, Miss E. Blanchard. After which, Exit by
Mistake
THEATRE ROYAL, ENGLISH OPERA, STRAND.----LiOMA and
Clarissa : Lionel, Mr. Pearman ; Clarissa, Miss Carew.
After which, La Perouse.

TO CORREgi'ONDENTS.
Letter the First, signed FENTO`itcr., on EDLICATION,
To-morrow.

MAILS
AnruvED-2 Dublin, 2 Waterford, I Holland, 1 Flatirlert,,
1 France. Dut —I Sweden, 1 Hamburg!), 1 LiO.qm.

PRICE 01
ruts DAY AT T
3 per Cent. Red. '7; 78
a vet. Cent. 7741
31 per Cent 844-
4 per Cent*.
5 per Cent. Navy Ann.... 104
Bank Long-AIM 201 11-161-Its
India Stock 2321
RICH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO•?I0RROW.
Mornimg, 25 minutes after 9. Evening, 50 minutes after 9.

F STOCKS
'weave o'cimCK.

India 80nd5......965. 96s pr.
New Annuities 7Gg
Exch. Bills, 2d...'.1 Ss. 20s. pr.
Ditto, gitl.. I9‘ pr.
Oinniuni dis. I
Cons. fur Acc0unt......7714h

THE SUN.

SOLE:11 QUIS DIOERE FA1.31.71‘1 ADDEAT

LONDON,
MONDAY, AUGUST 10, 1813.

We received yesterday the Paris Papers of
Thursday last, and this morning those of Fri-
day. 'the Muniteur of the former day contains a
very long Royal Ordonnance, for the purpose of
establishing, on fixed bases, the principles of the
military hierarchy (as it is termed), and arrang-
ing the progressive advancement of Officers
through the diffe'rent ranks.

Wednesday the King held a Council of Minis-
ers at the nuiileries, which sat from one o'clo9k
ill fire.

The Spanish Consul at Bordeaux has ad-
.
ressed the following Notice to the Chamber of

Commerce :

" Superior orders to exact with the greatest rigour certifi-
cates of origin with respect to merchandize froth foreign
countries hating been renewed, not only with reference to the
ports of the Peniusula, but also to those of the Canaries,

rico, ;11.1 th, Isl.' of CtdJit, I ilaurn

.....
of them, in order that you may impress upon the merchants
of Bordeaux the necessity of Collfocilling to these arrange-
ments. It is the.moyginiportont to commerce not to neglect
these formalities, as the decrees of the King, my master, pro -
miunce the confiscatiOn of ail merchandize which shall not be
accompanied by such certificates. J have the honour also of
informing. you that orders have been issued to me not to
deliver certificates, except upoh a declaration.on oath of the
exporter as to the quality and quantity of the articles shipped,
and their exact value."

The Count de VAuctrtAup, late Governor o
Martinique, arrived at Nantes on the 2dth ult. or
board the frigate La Durance.

Some of the Journals contain the following pal
ragraph respecting the Ametican squadron :
" It is stated from Leghorn, that the squadron of the
United States does not appear disposed to quit that Harbour.
They expend conNideraLle sums of money, and pay well.
Their sumptuousness affords reason to believe that all Re-
publics do not resemble that of lyeurgus. A grand dinner
was lately given on board, to celebrate American Independ-
ence. It is said, that after the repast the guests testified their
enthusiasm by throwing into the sea the plate and all the or-
naments of the table."

The accounts from Aix-la-Chapelle speak of the
continued preparations for the reception of the
Sovereigns and Ministers expected there. Those
Sovereigns who come there uninvited, mean, it is

said, to maintain a strict incognito.
The following are extracts from the Journals
of Friday
" PAats, AUG. 7.—The King transacted bu-
siness yesterday with the Duke de Richelieu, who,
after quitting his Majesty's Cabinet, paid a visit
to the Duke d'Angonleme.
"Amongst the visitors at Aix-la-Chapelle is
the widow of Marshal Moreau.
" The Prince Esterhazy arrived on the 30th
tilt. at Liege from Brussels, and set out the next
day to proceed to Aix-la-Chapelle. •

FIVE FEE CENTS.
AN„'ethie4day.
Thursday...

7; f. 35c.
78 f. Qu c.

DEFERRED STOCK

wedne,:day. Thursday.
Of the 22,1 March, 1117....88 f. 36 c.... gq f. 25 c.
s,pt. f. 85 c.... 86 f. 25 c
22,1 March, 1818,..84 f. 2O c.... 84 1. '2O c.

EXCHANGE ON LONDON.
One Month. 23 f. 90 c.
Three Months '231 5 c.

'"
VIENNA, JULY 28.---,The Emperor will pro-
ceed to his family estates about the middle of
August ; the Empress mill accompany him, and
will then return CO this Capital during the journey
of the Emperor to Aix-la-Chapelle. On the re-
turn of Lis Imperial Majesty the Empress will
meet him at Munich, where their• Imperial Ma-
jesties will remain for some time. •

" The baths of Carlsbad have been this sum-
mer much frequented ; the number of visitors

amoitnt to 1 ,SQU.

" AIX- LA-CHAPFLLE, JITLY 30.—The number
of visitors who have arrived here up to this day,
i 5 1,491.

" STOCKHOLM, JULY 2l.—This day the King
closed the Session of the Diet wiih a speech of
considerable length.

" His Majesty sets out to-morrow for Norway

This morning we received New York Papers to
the 14th nit. and Boston to the 16th ditto.--
The following are extracts :
(Front The Boston Patriot of July 75.)

IMPORTANT.-Five 74'5 ,are now bnildinz,
and two more are ordered to be laid down ; some

of them are in considerable forwardness. A fe.w
yeirs will put its in possession of a -naval force,
more efficient, perhaps, than that of any in the
World,- except Great Brit:Ain.