The Sun.
London, England, 1818-04-04 00:00:00

SLAVE TRADE.

The House resolved itself into a Committee on the Acts
relative to the Slave Trade.
Mr. HOLMES moved a Resolution for leave to bring in a
Bill to explain the said Acts so tar as related to the trans-
portation of Sl,ives front one colony to another.
Mr. WILBERFORCE would tint ❑ow oppose the Resolu-
tion, but would rather the Bill should he brought in that it
might he discussed. But front what he understood of the na-
ture of the Bill proposed, he thought it was by no means
likely to be beneficial to the West Indies.
Mr. MARAYATT said the effect of the proposed Bill would
be to authorize the transportation of Slaves from our Colo-
nies. The inducements to obtain Slaves at Surinam were.
such, that the consequence of this Bill would be to draw
Slaves from out Colonies to perish in the pestiferous marshes
of that part of South America.
The Resolution was then agreed to.
The Bill was then brought in and read a first time.—Or-
dered to be read a second tune on Friday next.--Adjourned.

THE HISTORY OF THE FACTIONS WIIIG

AND TORY.

FOR THE SUN.

MR. EDlToll,—Having concluded the snhject of
the Roman Catholic Question, and hoping the
arguments and solutions of THRIVE FILIUS are
informing and satisfactory to his Readers, he now
turns front it, to review the long-talked-of Par-
ties, IVhig and Tory, names which have changed
their meaning so often, that one would suppose
their sponsors, at their baptism, were all drunk,
not of the water, but wine. Under the unhappy
CHARLES, a Rollnil.head was a Whig. His ears
were not cropped, like a horse or an ass ; only
his hair was cot in his neck. A Cava!kr was a
Tory, with a sword and spear, and looked like
St. George and the Dragon. Whenever these
characters met, those
.Ivho were not in favour
barked,

Those who are out may POUT,

and those who were in power sung,

Thule who are may GRI
Both were afterwards called High Church and Low
Church Heads, each shaving the other as best
served his temporising purpose, until our Revo-
lution crucible melted them into Protestants and
Papists, Churchmen and Puritans, Royalibts and
Partisans of the Pretender.

But let us read their history :
The word Whig, or Whey, or Sour Milk, ac•
cording to Bishop BURNET, is derived from Whig-
gam, a term used by the Scotch in driving their
horses to market fur corn, and thence the drivers
were called Whiggamores; or Whigs, also prayed
and preached as they travelled ; and, afterwardS,
those who opposed the Court were nick-named
Whigs, or Fanatics, in contempt. From Scot-
land it came into England, and was applied in a
similar way.
The word Tory, according to Doctor GOLD-
SMITH, is Irish, and means savage or fierce, us
of a foot robber, who demands money by calling
out TORREE, stop ; but used in contempt of the
Whigs by the friends of the old Constitution, and
the Hierarchy of the Church ; as it was since
then by the friends of Popery and the Pretender.
On the t%storation of CHARLES the Second, his
adherents the Cavaliers, or Court Party, called
their opponents Whigs, like the fanatical Presby-
terians in Scotland. The Roundheads, or Coun-
try Party, compared the Court Party to the Popish
Banditti in Ireland, and called them Tories. The
Whigs contended, that as all Government was from
the People, King, Lords, and Commons were
accountable to them. This the Tories denied,
believing it to be derived from above.
On our Revolution, many Tories joined the
Whigs, and both sacrificed their country to their
party; then their party to their country ; and
their coalition secured the Constitution. The fire
of the Revolution purged off the dross of both
parties, whO were of the same metal.
Since then, iu opposition to the old Whigs of
sound revolution pt inciples, the modern hold that

the Sovereignty is nnalicnably in the People, Wleo
are our Sovereign Louis, the Kings. The old
Whigs boll, thlt this Revolution was justified by
necessity, to recover a Constitution formed on the
original contract of the State, for its future pre-
servation, and that King-, Lords, and Commons,
may limit the succession" to the Crown, resist its
violencein support of the Constitutiln, anif. Iv
Mhess shiVerri 'brit not. by the'fory Offattion,•ana•
only by law, reason, and example.
While under the S. arts, Danes, and Normans,
the Nobles found their Kings too imperious, and
their Kings found them too encroaching. The
Commons had rights 4nd privileges, but little
ability to preserve them ; the Clergy and, Peers
sometimes protecting and sometimes oppressing
then., as best served their partial onrposts, until
the whole Irame of Government was settled at the
Revolution, and qualified the temper of \Vhig and
Tory into peace and quietness ; which was, un-
fortunately, interrupted by an ill-tinred sermon
of Dr. SACHEVERELL, who was tried on an hn-
peachment in Queen Arises time,' for the especial
put lose of shelving the principles of our new
settlement, as they operattd in the necessary resist-
ance of issies the Second, and as they should be
understood by postetity. Sts rinderstood, indeed,
they have been, until a certain great man raised
his head among In., near forty years ago, to as-
sist us in our notions of a true Whig and a trite
Tory. TO this litanism end, he came forth pro-
claimint; himself " the Man of the People." He
opened his schoid at a Tavern, and revived the
old exploded nonsense, the mixed spume of
Rouallhead and Cavalier, of Whig and Tory, un-
blnshingly declaring, that he and his followers were
the only true iVhigs in the whole kingdom ; and
that his Majesty's Ministers were true Tories.—
This was " caviere to-the multitude," who were
as ignorant of what either name meant as many
who asstimud it.

In King WILLIAm's tinae a-Whig called a Tory
a Jacobite and a Papist. A Tory, to return the
Compliment, called a Whig a Presbyterian, and an
enemy to the Church. At present a Foxily takes
the name of Whig, and is for cashiering of Kings,
Lords, and Bishops, saying, the People arc su-
preme, and that the Tolies; meaning those in
power, a,re for extending the prerogative, and'
raising the Mitre above the Crown.
This medley doctrine, this conflict of opinions,
of such v,ersatile factions, as changeable as the
winds, exhibit them as figures of inn. The-Court
and Popery on one side, liberty, equality, and
democracy on the other, when anialgarnated, pro-
duce both Whig and Tory, each berougiug the
other, as they wheel about, like Jack in a box.
Were that arch wag G. A. STEVENS living, he
would put them in his lecture, and display them
as blocks in a battle, where victory crowns the old
‘Vhigs of revolution principles, to the disgrace
of the new, who are Tories in their hearts ; yet
listen to them, and they will tell 'you they are the
only true Whigs, all uprigt,t, honest, independ-
ant, religious, and good men ; but that his Ma-
jesty's Ministers are secret Tories, under the garb
of Whigs, and are, altogether, a pack of rogues
and fools. To prove this, Tall Lord 110I.LLAN
and Lord GRRY. in one House, and Mr.littouGuam,
and_ Mr. TIERNEY in the other.

TF.RR FI LUIS.

ALL MUST BE DRAWN NEXT THURSDAY.
TWO PRIZES OF L. 30,000, 34 OTHER CAPITALS OF
L. 3,000, L.t,Goo, &c. AND ABOVE 1,305 PRIZES OF
L.l Jo, L. 50, &c.

THEATRICAL REGISTEIL
Performed Last Nigkt.
THEATRE ttnym„ Dauny-Laisg.—The Confederacy: Money
trap, Mr. Dowton ; Clarissa, Mts. Davison. After which,
The Sleeping Draught.
THEATRE ROYAL, Coye:.T-GAIMEN.—Fazio: Giraldi razio,
Mr. C. Kemble; Bianca, Miss O'Neill. After which,
Cymou.