The Sun.
London, England, 1829-02-10 00:00:00

setting the absurdity of a prohibitory system in a
most powerful and resistless light :
" Let it be supposed, in illustration of the effect Of pro..
' hibitions, that America has been accustomed annually to
import a million's worth of woollens, or some other ma-
nufactured product, from Great Britain, France; or any
other foreign country; and let it be farther supposed, that
in order to encourage the manufacture of a similar article
at home, she prohibits its importation. Now, in this
case—and what is true of this case is true of all restric-
tions whatever—it is, in the first place, plain, that to
whatever extent the home demand for the produce of Ante-
lican industry may be increased by the prohibition, the fo-
reign demand fir that produce will he equally diminished.
Commerce is merely an exchange of equivalents; and
those wbo refuse to import, really, by so doing, refuse to
export. If America4wase to buy a million's worth of pro-
duce from foreigners, she must, at the same time, .cease
selling to them a million's worth of sumo other species of
produce ; that is, she must cease sending to the foreigner
the articles she bad previously been accustomed to export,
to pay the articles obtained from him, that are in foam,,,
through the agency of the prohibition, to he raised at
home. All, therefore, that ,lie will accomplish by this
measure, will be the transference of capital from one
branch of industry to another. That equality of protec-
tion, to which all the citizens of the Union are justly en -
titled, will be encroached upon ; the increase of one cm
plovment will be brought about by the depression of some
Iticitlyteati•ietangqeloy
olust.nerit; But it
to say t
is obviously
iousiylie face
least,
toatrir;:lva thats e ttl
suchal!y
a measure can make the smallest addition to the capital
and industry of the republic, or to the ficilities of em-
ploying them with security and advantage.
" This, however,:is to look at the measure in the most

favourable point of view. It is necessary, in the second
place, to advert to the price at which the prohibited ar-
ticle will henceforth be sold. if the American manufac-

turers could have produced it as cheaply as the foreigners,
the prohibition would not have been thought of, as the ar-
ticle would not have been imported, The price must,
therefore, rise when its importation is prohibited. Instead
of being obtainable as before for a million, it will hence-
forth cost, perhaps, a million and a half, or two million,.
Now it is obvious that the effect of this artificial increase is
precisely the same, as to its operation on the consumers, as
if a direct and peculiar tax had, owlet a free system, beta
laid upon them of 500,000/. or 1,000,000/ a-rar. Eat
it will be observed, that had such a tax been laid on the
consumers, its produce would have come into the hands of
Government, and would have formed a portion of the na-
tionaiincome; whereas, the increased cost of the article is,
under the circumstances supposed, occasioned by an in-
creased difficulty of production, and is, therefore, of no ad-
vantage to any individual."

To those who wish to be inoculated with the
fashionable mania of the time,—the doctrine of poli-
tical economy,--we would recommend this article
on the American Tariff; it is limited in its character,
certainly, and embraces only one branch of the great
tree of political knowledge; but that branch is a
main one, shooting out immediately from the parent
trunk, and impregnated with its most vital juices.—
The article has, besides, the merit of strength Of
style and condensation of materials. " The North-
west Passage" is an admirably written account,

:roduced with a sketch of the different discoverie.-;

in the Polar Sea, previous to the expeditions of Parry,
of the most recent enterprizes in that very frugiferous
quarter of the globe. The Reviewer goes over ra-
.

pidly, but in a most scientific manner, -the late ex-
cursions made by Captains Parry and Franklin ; re-
views their favourite theories respecting the practi-
cability of a North-west Passage; and after pointing
out some fallacies in Mr. Scoresby's reasoning on
the subject—to whom however an (mottle honourable
is made in the remark, that he probably knows more
about the matter than any other man in Europe—conies
unhesitatingly to the conclusion that such a passage
is practicable, thought it must ever remain at the
mercy of circumstances; and can consequently prove
no further advantageous than as it may correct the
errors of geography and extend the boundaries of
science. " Importation of Foreign Wool" is a
technical but somewhat unamusing paper; by
readers in general it will, we fear, be passed over
in utter dis;respect, but to the fortunate individual in
particular who is acquainted with the mysteries of this
branch ofcommerce (which a celebrated novelist of our
own times wishes, we dare say, had ever remained mys-
teries to him), it may probably prove attractive.
" Rationale of Evidence" is a sound and temperate
analysis of Mr. Bentham's claims to popularity as a
philosophic legislator. The article on the whole is
laudatory; though the sage's humours and peculia-
rities, the uncompromising character of his remarks,
and his occasionally wayward freaks of thoughi, are
dwelt on with a just and discriminating hand. It is
singular that this gentleman's celebrity should be so
exclusively of a foreign cast. In England he is
scarcely known, and seldom quoted except for the,
purposes of ridicule; while on the Continent he is
generally admired, and in one or two places almost
idolized. A stranger in Westminster, he is farui..
liar to the nations of Brazil; and though ridiculed at
St. Stephen's, is in great request at Canton. "We
recommend, therefore, the " Rationale of Evidence"
to those who wish to become acquainted with his
character.

The King will hold a Court on Wednesday
next at his Palace at Windsor.

His Majesty received despatches on Sunday
fight, at his Palace at Windsor, from the Earl of Aberdeen.

The Comptroller of the household of the Duke
of Northumberland has been to Ireland to make proper al _
rangements for the accommodation of the Duke and Duchess
of Northumberland and their household.

Sir James Macintosh transacted business yes-
terday both at the Treasury and at the office of the Secre
tary of State for the Horne Department.

Baron Bulow, the Marquis de Pahnella, and
Count Munster, the Haneverian Minister, had interviews
with the Earl of Aberdeen yesterday, at the Foreign-office,
Downing-street.

A Cabinet Council was held yesterday after-
noon, at half-past two o'clock, at the Foreign-office,
Downing-street, which was attended by the Lord Chancel-
lor, the Duke of Wellington, Earls Bathurst and Aberdeen,,
Viscount Melville, Lord Ellenhorough, Mr. Secretary
Peel, Sir George Murray, the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
Mr. Vesey Fitzgerald, and Mr. Herries. Lord Leveson
Gower, the Secretary of State for Ireland, the Attorney-
General, the Solicitor-General, and Mr. Dag,herty, the
Solicitor-General for Ireland, were in attendance during
the sitting of the Council. The Ministers concluded theibv
sitting soon after four o'clock.

A gentleman arrived in town yesterday afternoon
at the office of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs,
in Downing-street, from Liverpool, at which port he had,
landed from South America, charred with despatches for
the Earl of Aberdeen. The gentleman was admitted te, at
conference with the Noble Earl.

The Duke of Bedford and the Earl of Rosslyn
visited the Duke of Wellington yesterday at the Treasury,
A deputation of the tobacco merchants of Li-
verpool, headed by Mr. lluskisson, as one of the Members
of that town, attended at the Treasury yesterday, and had,
a long conference with the Chancellor of the Exchequer.,
• The new Orders in Chancery issued toy the
Lord Chancellor are about to be revised.

Prince Lieven entertained ‘a '3l§tingursbed
party at dinner, on Sunday, at Ashburn gam-Louse, Dove;--
street. Among whom were—the Duke of Wellington, the
Earl and Countess of Jersey, ':ne Earl and Countess of
Aberdeen, the Earl of Cla;twilliant, Mr. and Mrs. Peel,
Mr. and Mrs. Arbuthnot, Mr. Planta ; and, in the even-
ing, the Ptincise lAci a select party of fashionables. -
The Bishops of Salisbury and Bristol were
among tho audience which thronged the Temple Church
on F.,..naday to hear Mi. Denson, who produced an eloquent
discourse against Unitarianism.

Mr. Nash, it is said, intends to assist Mr.
Maberly in removing flit-) soological menagerie out of the
Regent's Park, to a spot near adjoining, the former having
a plan for raising money by ereetirti a rote of houses oppo-
site theirprksent cite.