The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-19 00:00:00

SUMIIARY OF NEWS

AND

Public Optitton.

" Who runs ntay read."

FOREIGN.
. The King of the French and Royal Family pro-
posed leaving Paris for the Chateau of Eu.on Sunday
night next—a circumstance which was held to indicate
that no expectation existed that the Regency Bill
would encounter any delay, as his Majesty would re-
main in town to give his assent to it.. • .
" It appears," says the Courrier Francais, -" that
two principal difficulties will he started in the debate
on the Regency. A Member of the Left. will, it is
said, limit the action of the law to -the ensuing reign;
and it is passible that-M. Lamartine, who thinks that
the Queen •Mother has the best right to the guardian-
ship, may support this opinion frlm the tribune."
The Paris Globe, a Ministerial Paper, contains the
following observations relative- to the -approaching
settlement of differences between Great Britain
and the United- States :—" Those persons who are
friendly to peace throughout the world, will learn
with interest that Lord Ashburton has succeeded in
terminating amicably with the Government of the
*United States the dispute respecting the boundaries
of the States • bordering. the English possessions in
NOrth America. A conflagration, even of the smallest
importance, could' not..take place without a general
concussion following. it This would, above
all, be the consequence of a quarrel between two
nations like England. and the United States, whose
•ships cover the seas. No people, therefore, in the
whole civilised 'world, can remain indifferent to the
satisfaction expressed by the'English Journals in an-
nouncing this happy event." •
The accountsfrom Madrid are of the 10th inst.,
but they are totally destitute of interest. The jour;•
nals, and the, Putriota .in , partkular;• continue to de-
nounce the existence of conspiracies, which, however,
appear to give little .or, no, uneasiness to the Govern--
ment.
The- Gerthan journals continue to be filled with
accounts of conflagrations. On the 11th inst., the
small town of Tambach, near Gotha, was almost en-
tirely consumed ; 50 only of the 500 houses of the
place were left standing. The village of. Bechtof, in
Wurtemberg, had been likewise visited by a destruc-
tive fire, in which five children had lost their lives.
The Frankfort Journal. announces the death of
M. Isaac Harlwig d'Essen, one of the heads of the
German Israelite Congregation' at Hamburgh, Having
no children, he bequeathed his fortune, amounting to
800,000 mares banco (80,0001.), to charitable institu.
tions in Hamburgh, Altona, and Copenhagen.
PUBLIC OPINION.

The Chronicle inakesthe following remarks in an
article on the present distressed state of the country :
"The causes of the present distress are various. We
all know that the Bank of England has much to
answer for in creating the over-trading with the
United States, which was followed by a great falling
off in the demand from that country. The Corn •law
has added enormously to the evil. With a succession
of bad harvests the most unrestricted trade in corn
would still have left much suffering in the country ;
but the Corn-law has inflamed the suffering till it has
attained a magnitude which has plunged the people
in absolute despair. When Government has ceased
to care only for one class, the landowners, and has
Conceded to industry the freest exercise of its rights,
it will' be time to consider whether or not it may still
be necessary to atone for former injustice to the
labouring classes by schemes of emigration. But
•however this may be, the idea of the. Times of ex-
cluding fluctuation from industry is the very height
of quackery. With respect, however, to fluctuation,
there is far less in the factories, than in those trades
in which the machinery has remained without im-
provement for centuries. The hosiery districts were
in the most distressed state long before Lancashire
and Lanarkshire suffered. The owner of expensive
machinery cannot allow it to remain idle, and he
never, therefore, turns off any of his hands ; but in an
instant thousands of workmen in the midland districts
are thrown idle." _ .

In an article on the state of society in the manu-
facturing districts, the Post observes as follows
We return to the discussion which we commenced
on Wednesday, concerning the state of society in the
manufacturing districts, and the necessity for a far
more careful system of goYernment in those districts,
in order to promote the comfort of the people, and to
give greater security to the public peace. We are
encouraged to proceed by the circumstance that we
find we have already the co-operation of an influen•
tial part of the public Press. On Wednesday we
stated, with reference to the British manufacturing
districts, that nowhere else, in this or hi any other
country, were to be found such enormous masses
of people heaped together, and wholly dependent
upon a great manufacturing system for their support
—a system which is liable to continual fluctuations,
over which the masses who depend upon it for life
have no control. And we called attention to the
too palpable and most unfortunate fact, that this
system makes it the interest of a compara-
tively small number of rich manufacturers, at one
time, to gather as many workpeople about them as
they possibly can, and at another time to decline
giving these people any employment or any support.
This is the great evil—an evil described by the Times
journal, which yesterday took up the discussion of
the subject, in these emphatic words—' The whole
manufacturing population are systematically de-
pendent for their bread upon a source of employment
which is continually fluctuating.' Considering what
the mass of the manufacturing population is, it is, in
vain to hope for permanent peace and security while
its condition is liable to such violent changes as must
result from its subjection to the fluctuations of trade.
Nothing but very considerable capital can bear the
fluctuations to which manufacturing trade has, of late
years, been subject. The working-people have not
this capital, and:our Contemporary comes to the ccfn-r
elusion that the fluctuations of trade ought to be taken
into the calculations of the master manufacturer in
his speculations, and that by him these fluctuations
ought to be borne, and not by the working-people."
The Herald says : " The latest intelligence from
Manchester is satisfactory only because it describes
no new acts of outrage ; but it is painfully obvious.
that the confidence of the peaceable and well-disposed
in the speedy restoration of good order, and in the
early return of the insurgents to labour, is very small,
and this is certainly most unsatisfactory. It will be
observed, with the highest approval, that several
Chartist leaders have been apprehended, and that
warrants have been issued for the arrest of others
who are hiding—amongst others for Mr. Thomas D un-
combe's worthy ally,. Dr. M`Douall. This denotes
that some clue or evidence has been obtained incul-
patory of these scoundrels, and that Government is
determined that the originators, or instigators, of
the outbreaks shall be punished, as well as the actors
and perpetrators. The only regret that can be enter-
tained is, that these steps were not taken some days
ago, and that they do not now extend to the more
notorious of these leaders. In an emergency like the
present, it is better that the authorities should err on
the side of active repression, rather than be restricted
within the limits of legal technicalities. Every hour
' that is unnecessarily lost in taking the most active
means to suppress these disturbances, is a direct en-
couragement to their extension beyond the circle to
which they are as yet confined, and which, it cannot
be concealed, has a tendency to swell. The peace
must be preserved, no matter at what price, and if
that price be blood, its shedding will be upon the
heads of the ruffians who mislead the wretched and
ignorant rioters."
We quote the following from the Times :—" Sick-
ening and painful as it is to read such accounts as
those which we have recently had to give from Pres-
ton, from Blackburn, from I3urslem, and from Hali-
fax, it is impossible not to recognise in them the
remedies of a critical disease, and in their effects we
see the importance of grappling with the mischief in
time. By the punishment of a few 'wicked or in-
fatuated men, taken in the act of rebellion, thousands
are rescued from an anarchy which (if once permitted
to make head against the law) could not end without
the wholesale destruction of property and life. An
example is given in one or two towns, and falls upon a
comparatively small number of individuals, which at
once puts an end to the mad idea of disorderly crowds,
that they are stronger than the law, or can overturn
the Government of the country by their fiat. If
such an example were delayed, if the luxury of
a blind and unreasoning benevolence were indulged in,
the authorities would be abetting the delusion of the
multitude, and drawing them on from crime to
crime, and outrage to outrage, till at last a far
heavier and more destructive chastisement would be
the only way of preserving the f
peace o the nation.
These reflections reconcile us, great as is the shock
which the feelings of humanity must receive from
every instance of severity inflicted upon these victims
of delusion,--these reflections reconcile us, as they
doubtless reconciled those wha had so painful a duty'.
to perform, to the stern necessity of the case. Doubt-
less it is a dreadful thing for females, and lads of 17,
18, or 20, to be summoned suddenly and by a violent
death into the presence of their Maker, for acts of
unreflecting turbulence committed at the instigation
of others much more culpable than themselves. But
it would be a far more dreadful thing if the lives and
properties of the peaceable men, and the honour of
the peaceable 'women and all the mighty interests in-
volved in the fabric of society in England, were left
exposed to the assaults of Chartist and Socialist mobs,
flushed by the appearance of success, and exasperated
by the want of resources. The burning of houses and
destruction of property which took place in the Potte-
ries on Monday, is but a faint example of what must
be the inevitable consequence of a weak forbearance
op these unhappy occasions,"

PUBLIC XIVZPROVEIV WITS.
A new foot-path for the public ..as been formed
through the centre of the ground occupied by the late
Ranger, in the Regent's Park, extending to the garden
of the Earl of Coventry, where it branches off to the
old road.