The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-13 00:00:00

tit ,irAtn,

LONDON:
SATUitDAY" ...1101%NING, AUGUST 13, 1842.

-•----

Sir ROBERT .13.01, -It, yesterday, happily conducted
the first session of the Tory Parliament to a close.
It would be alike -unjtnit to him, and unfair towards
our readers, were we to Allow that event to pass by
without delivering- our opinion of his'merits. . We
know that we speak the language of his most de-
cided political opponents, when we say that his. cour-
tesy, throughout the session, to all persons, even to
the meanest Members of that IT-louse, has been un-
failing. His temper, however se ;terely tried, seems
never to have forsal :en him. He has been unwearied
in his attention to business, and has mastered it with
a fullness and comp/vteness of detail, which has never
before been equalled.„ His opponents are great men
in -the estimation of tta ankind, but, in the House of
Commons, he has sho vin himself immeasurably, their
superior He has beet z not the nominal, but the real
leader of that assemlaly,,, and has conducted all its de-
liberations to the ends I to has had in view.

All his measures Live passed. His success has
been equal to his con summate skill. The Corn-
ker?,ping-out-law is his.—the Income-tax is his—
tb.e Tariff is his—e very legislative object. he
has proposed has been obtained. In spite, how-
ever, of his unwearied industry, and his equal
utrbanity—in spite of the plaudits he has• won
f tom ;both sides of the House--in spite of his
g Teat skill, and his great success, he prorogues
the Parliament in the midst of growing discontent
mild deepening gloom. .Nature Teems almost to have
come to his aid, but in spite of a very early and
almindant harvest, the fut ids are falling, and alarm is
spreading through the land. We read only of the
movements of a distresk,ed population, and of the
military harrassed to look after them. Our towns,
planted ,with parks of artillery, appear in a state
of siege; and our citizens, instead of prosecuting their
industry in peace, are called on, though they pay an
immense army of defenders, to perform the duties
of plicemen, and are obliged to organise and arm
theniselves for the. protection 'of their persons and
property. 'Sir ROBERT PEEL has been successful
beyond example in Parliament, and he has corn-
pletely failed in the country.
What is the explanation' of this ? He has com-
prehended 'the whole mechanism of the House of
Commons, but not of soeiety. We dispute not his -
honesty-of purpose, we throw no doubt on his inte-
grity; we,believe lie meant to promote the public wel-
fare--but Unquestionably he has failed. After this skilful
-man has held power for nearly a year, and has been
unthwarted in its exercise, the affairs of the people,
which are the public affairs, are worse than when he
took them in hand. Wages are lower, discontent is
increased, and something.. that looks very like wide-
spread sedition prevails. ',ln England poverty, and in
Iteland offences against th e law, have increased. The
latent hatred between the middle and lower classes
:which existed when he took office, has widened
into an open rupture, and the movements of
troops indicate, on the part' of the Government, much
apprehension for the contim'tance of public tranquil-
lity. These fatal consequence Is of his policy arise from
his being much more ignorant, of the laws which regu-
late society, than of the mean s by which the House of
Commons is swayed and governed.
• He has no misgivings, app: gently, of his own all-
sufficiency; He dismisses th e Parliament as corn-'
piacently as if trade was flotusshing and the people
were prosperous and contented. He dictates to the
QUEEN language of praise for .1 he labouring assiduity
which has led to no better results than those we have
described. He refers, throng 'h the mouth of the
QUEEN, to his own measures, as if the revenue from
the Income-tax was already • collected, without a
murmur of discontent, and as if 'the tariff had already
given the people full employ) nent. He tells the
Houses of Parliament that they have been employed
with measures to provide for the welfare of all classes by
extending trade and stimulating the demand for labour ;
lie makes the Parliament, therefi we, _responsible for the
condition of trade and employment, ,and at the .same
time he knows that the demand for labour is so limited
as to provoke a general turn-or it of the work-people,
and trade so bad that those vat o carry it on cannot
afford to pay adequate wages. He looks' to the ex-
ample of those who have inaclo 3 the law to enforce
obedience to it,. forgetting appfr :ently that the source
of our evils is class legislation. For the law-makers
the law may be good ; the eoml Taint of the people is,
that for them it is evil. • Thd example of the law-
makers in obeying a law whiC h is for their benefit,
-will not recommend obedienc to those who declare
-.that the law is for their ' • num v. Sir R. PEEL, how-
er, has no other panacea fo r our woes. Instead of
na4.ing just laws, he enforces sabedience to laws that
are unjust. The Members of k'arliacnent are to help
tF c soldiery, and the soldiery are to he 11" the Member s
of ' Parliament, in preserving' o rder and obedience.
T. he Miundations of the public on ler are no longer laid
in the affections of the people; th ey rest on the sword
of the soldiery and the zeal of the Justice.
3"flie truth is, the Legislature j s in fault. It has

passed laws to promote particular interests, and has
made strife between those who ought to live in
brotherhood. The dispute between the landowners
and the manufacturers, and between the capitalists
and labourers, is the result of laws intended to con-
fer advantages on the different classes. Even a mother
may misuse her power, so that her children shall
neither love nor respect her. The hand that feeds
a mastiff may yet so tyrannize over the
bead that it shall hate its master. How
much more, theic—itay—ir Legislature, for which
a kople have no children's Live, and which feeds
them not as a man feeds his hound, become, by mis-
using its powers, and tyrannising over the people,
contemned and hated ? Such is at present the posi-
tion of that Parliament Sir R. PEEL has just pro-
rogued; and yet he.ha.s no other reliance for preserv-
ing the peace of the empire than the military power,
and the example of Members of Parliament in en-
forcing obedience to the laws they have made.

AMERICAN NEWS.

•
(EXPRESS FROM LIVERPOOL.)
.LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY :MORNING.
By the Roscius, Capt. Collins, which arrived off
this port late last night, but did not enter the river
till this morning, we have New York papers to the
25th inclusive, her day of sailing. She has made a
good voyage of 17 days, and has 23 cabin passengers.
We find with great pleasure, that the full and
satisfactory settlement of the North Eastern Boun-
dary Question is announced in these papers.
The following is from the New York Herald :
THE MAINE BOUNDARY QUESTION LIKELY
TO BE SETTLED.
We have now direct and important intelligence from
Washington, that this long disputed, difficult, and dis-
agreeable question, is now very nearly, if not finally
settled.
The result of the negotiations is this :---The United
States commence the-line at the head lake of the St.
Croix river, run it directly north to Mars Hill, thenceldue
north, till it strikes the St. John's river, at a point a few
miles above the Great Falls. We then run the line along
the course of the St. John's river, until it meets the St.
Francis river. The line then runs up the St. Francis until
it reaches the southern outlet of the upper lake on the
St. Francis. This is the most northerly point of the
line. The line then runs south-west and by south for
100 *miles in a straight line, at a distance of 25 feet from
the base of the mountains skirting the St. Lawrence
river, until it strikes the N. W. branch of the river St.
John. It then runs due south for about 30 miles, until
it strikes the S. W. branch of the St. John's river ; after
this it follows the course of that branch up to its source
in the mountains, close to the source of the Penobscot
and Metgarmette rivers, and terminates at the precise
point where the south-westerly termination of the three
lines previously drawn by the United States, Great Bri-
tain, and the King of the Netherlands, were made to
terminate.
The line, in short, varies scarcely a mile either way
from that laid down on our map as the line defined by
the King of the Netherlands. The tract which we have
given on.the north-eastern border 'of Maine is valuable
to Great Britain, as strengthening her military position,
but is not of much importance to us. The extent of the
territory can be easily seen from the map.
The General Government are to reimburse Maine for
her expenses in defending the disputed territory, and
Massachusetts is to receive 150,000 dollars from the
United States for her portion of the land which is to be
given up.
We get Rouse's Point on Lake Champlain, and the
navigation of St. John's River above the Falls ; but, as we
have no access to -them below the Falls, the free naviga-
tion of that river under these circumstances, is worth
but little.
Lord Ashburton, Mr. Webster, and the Massachusetts
Commissioners have all agreed to this arrangement.
The Maine Commissioners have only partially yielded ;
they wish to avoid responsibility, and are willing to let
Ns treaty be decided by the U. S. Senate.
locofocos are opposed to this treaty, whether from
party „,-,-..l2.atriotic motives, we shall see in a few days.
- -,. •
Business is much the same as at the last departure,
and the rate ,'f exchange without alteration.
SALES THE STOCK EXCHANGE.
10 Bk of Com • full 80
100 Ditto scrip - b6od 90-4
55 U. S. Bank
16 Equitable Ins. Co.
10 Canton Co.
75 Mohawk RR
25 Bost and Prov RR
75 Harlem RR
25 Harlem RR
2000 Illinois Bonds
11600 Ohio 6's, 1660
5000 Ditto

20
t s6od 37.
N B5.
(Aisli 16
sn, q 4,

..s6ods 74

:MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.
CITY, FRIDAY EVENING.

The)Money Market has exhibited an unpleasant feel-
ing during the whole day, consequent upon the accounts
from the manufacturing districts. Merchants at Man-
chester represent themselves to have been unable to reach
the Exchange, during the ordinary hours of business,
to transact their usual matters, in consequence of the ob-
structions ; but by the second delivery, the letters ap-
pear to convey the impression that the disturbance is
more to be considered in the light of a dispute between
masters and men, than arising from any more serious
cause. It would appear, from the general tenour
of these communications, that it was probable that
the differences would be shoxtly arranged ; but it is not
attempted to be concealed, that much matter remains
behind for serious consideration.

Some excitement, more than ordinary, was exhibited
to have a copy of the Royal Speech. Within a very f'ew
minutes after it was spoken, the Second Edition of '1 he
Sun was delivered in the City, which created much
attention, not only from the extraordinary dispatch
which must have been used, but from the con-
tents. The papers relative to " the measures of the
greatest importance connected with the financial and
commercial interests of the country, calculated to maintain
the public credit, to improve the national resources, and by
extending trade, and stimulating the demand for labour,
to promote the general and permanent welfare of all
classes," has given much satisfaction, inasmuch as it is
admitted that "indications of gradual recovery from that
depression which has afflicted many branches of manu-
facturing industry, and has exposed large classes of the
people to privations and sufferings" had given the deepest
concern. The feeling of regret is reciprocated, inasmuch
as the principles which caused these extended measures
have not been more fully carried out.
Consols left off at 91i- 91.41 for Money and for the Ac-
count. Bank Stock, 170 171 ; India Stock, 2492 2501;
Exchequer Bills, Old 50 52, New 43 50 prem.
The prices of Foreign Securities were—Belgian, 1011
1021 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 51:1- 52 ;
the Five per Cents., 1014 102 ; Danish, 82 83 ;
Brazilian, 64 66.

The quotations for Mexican were, 35 35k.
The Share Market was rather better, London and
Birmingham being 181 183 ; Birmingham and Glou-
cester, 48 49 ; Great 'Western, 88i 89i ; the Half
Shares, 63 631 ; North Midland, 58 60 ; the New
Shares, 28 29 ; South Western, 611 ; South East-
ern and Dover, 214 22 ; Eastern Counties, 9 91 ; North-
ern and Eastern, 40 41 ; Black wall, 9 91 ; and Brighton,
331 34 per share.
The quotations of the Bonds were—Colombian, 20i 21;
Peruvian, 15 16 ; Portuguese Five per Cents., 334 33 ;
the. Three per Cents., 191 20 ; Spanish Five per Cents.,
20-* 20:1 ; the Three per Cents., I9i
COURSE OF EXCHANGE—(YESTERDAY.")

Amsterdam CF. 12 7 Gibraltar,..
Ditto, at sight

Rotterdam ...2 U. 12 8 Genoa
Antwerp
Hamburgh 51.8. 13 15 Venice 47
Altona
Paris, 3 days' sight ... 25 60 Palermo, per oz 120
Ditto, 3 months 25 85 Lisbon 524
Marseilles
- . 524

Bourdeaux 25 90 IRio Janeiro 26

Frankfort on Maine... 1511 Bahia
Petersburgh, 3 Us ... '37 Buenos Ayres
Berlin

Vienna, effec. 11. 3M. 957 !Philadelphia - 46
Trieste, ditto ... 958 PRICES OF BULLION, PER 07..
Madrid
Cadiz - ' - 36i Portugal Gold Com ...3 17 5
Bilbao 36 New Doubloons 0 0 0
Barcelona
Seville

HOUSE OF LORDS.—We understand, that in conse-
quence of their Lordships having sat almost every
morning during the session to hear appeals, many
strangers, desirous of seeing the interior of the
House of Lords, have been disappointed. Such per-
sons, however, will now have an opportunity of
gratifying .their curiosity, as the interior of the
House, the noble corridor, and the offices connected
with it, may now be seen any day, upon application
to the housekeeper.
A BOLD PREACHER.—The boldness of Samuel
Davies (a qualification so important that even St. Paul
requested the Christians to pray that it might be given
him) will be illustrated by a single anecdote. When
President of Princetown College, he visited England for
the purpose of obtaining donations for the institution.
The King (George II) had a curiosity to hear a preacher
from "the wilds of America." He accordingly attended,
and was so much struck with his commanding eloquence,
that he expressed his astonishment loud enough to be
heard half way over the house, in such terms as these—
" He is a wonderful man!" " Why, he beats my bishops!".
sce. Davies, observing that the King was attracting
more attention than himself, paused, and looking his
Majesty full in the face, gave him, in an emphatic tone,
the following beautiful rebuke----" When the lion roareth
let the beasts of the forest tremble ; and when the Lord
speaketh, let the kings of the earth keep silence." The
King instantly shrunk back in his seat, like a school-boy
that had been rapped over the head by his master, and
remained quiet during the remainder of the sermon. The
next day the monarch sent for him, and gave him fifty
guineas for the institution over which he presided, ob-
serving at the same time to his courtiers, "Heis an
honest man ; an honest man." Not one of his silken
bishops would have dared to give him such a reproof.
It is confidently reported that Lord Hill, in con-
sequenceOf the state of his health, has expressed a wish
to.resign the office of Commander-in-Chief of the Army.
We understand that the Duke of Wellington will, on
Lord Hill's retirement, be invited by her Majesty to re-
sume the command of the army.—Evening Paper.

COURT CIRCULAR.

The Queen went in state yesterday to the House of
Lords, to close the session of Parliament with ,a_spetch
from the Throne.

The State procession was formed in the following
order :

A carriage drawat by six bays, conveying three Gen-
tlemen Ushers, and The Exon in Waiting, Capt. Sadler.
A carriage drawn by a set of bays, conveying the
Groom of the Robes, Capt. Hugh Seymour ; the Silver
Stick, Col. Richardson ; the Groom in Waiting. ti the
Prince, Capt. Francis Seymour ; the Groom in Waiting,
Captain Hood ; and the Page of Honour, Mr. Wilson.
A carriage drawn by a -set' of, bays, containing the
Comptroller of the Household, the Right Hon. G. Daw-
son Darner ; the Equerry in Waiting on the Prince,
Colonel Wylde ; the Equerry in Waiting, Col. Buckley;
and the Page of Honour, Mr. Wemyss.
A carriage drawn by six bays, conveying the Captain
of the Yeoman Guard, the Earl of Beverley ; the Lord
in Waiting, Lord Byron ; the Treasurer of the House-
hold, the Earl Jertnyn ; and the Lord in Waiting to the
Prince, Lord George Lennox.
A carriage. drawn by six black horses, conveying the
Lady in Waiting, the Viscountess Jocelyn ; the Lord
Steward, the Earl of Liverpool ; the Gold Stick, Vis-
count Combermere, G. C. B. ; and the Groom of the
Stole to the I'rince, the Marquis of Exeter, K.G.
Her Majesty and Prince Albert descended the Grand
Staircase to their carriage at twenty minutes before two
o'clock, her Majesty wearing a State Robe and the Prince
babited in a Field Marshal's Uniform, and wearing the
triple Collars of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, the
Most Ancient Order of the Thistle, and the -Most Ho-
nourable Military Order of the Bath. The Lord Cham-
berlain, the Earl Delawarr, and the Vice-Chamberlain
Lord Ernest Bruce, conducted the Queen and his Royal
Highness to the entrance, the Guard of Honour of the
Grenadier Guards and the Band of that Regiment re-
ceiving her Majesty with the usual honours.
The Mistress of the Robes, the Duchess of Buccleugh,
and the Master of the Horse, the Earl of JerSey, G.C.H.
sat opposite her Majesty and the Prince. The State
coach was drawn by eight cream-coloured horses, and
was preceded by 3.larshalmen, Footmen in State Liveries,
and a party of the Yeomen of the Guard. The escort
was composed of the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards.
Their Serene Highnesses the Duke of Saxe Coburg
Gotha, and the Hereditary Prince and Princess of Saxe
Coburg Gotha, attended by Baron de Gruben and
Baron de Brandenstien went to the House of Lords to
witness the ceremony.
The Crown was conveyed to the House of Lords by
Sir William Martins, Gentleman Usher.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, attended
by Baron Knesebecic, went front Cambridge House to
attend the Prorogation.
Her Majesty and Prince Albert and the Royal Suite
returned in procession to the Palace at a quarter past
three o'clock, and were received by the Lord Chamber-
lain and the Vice-Chamberlain.
The Duke and the Prince and Princess of Saxe Co-
burg and Suite returned in two of the Royal carriages.
The Yeoman Guard lined the Grand Hall. Mr.
George Philip Lee, the Lieutenant, and Mr. Ellerthorp,
Clerk of the Cheque of the Corps, were present.
His Serene Highness the Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha,
attended by Baron de Gruben, landed at Woolwich late
on Thursday night, from the Continent, and immedi-
ately enteriug one of the Queen's carriages, proceeded to
Buckingham Palace, where his Serene Highness arrived
soon after twelve o'clock.

Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by the
Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha, left Buckingham Palace
at twenty minutes before six o'clock yesterday afternoon,
in an open carriage and four, escorted by a Marty of
Hussars, for the terminus of the Great Western Rail-
way at Paddington. •
tier Majesty and the Prince were conducted to their
carriage by the Earl Delawarr, Earl of Jersey, Lord
Ernest Bruce, Lord George Lennox, Sir Henry Wheat-
ley, and Captain Francis Seymour. •
Their Serene Highnesses the Hereditary Prince and
Princess of Saxe Coburg Gotha, the Viscountess Jocelyn,
Lady in Waiting, and Lord Byron, Lord in Waiting.,
occupied the next carriage ; and Col. Buckley, Equerry
in Waiting, and Col. Wylde, Equerry to the Prince, fol-
lowed in another open carriage.
The Hon. :Miss Murray, and Hon. Miss Paget, Maids
of Honour in Waiting ; Capt. Hood, Groom in Waiting;
Baron de Gruben and Boron de Brandenstien, had pre-
viously left for the Paddington station.
The Royal party left the terminus, by a special train,
for Slough.
Lord George Lennox, and Captain Francis Seymour
(Scots Fusilier Guards), will join the Royal Circle at
Windsor Castle this day.
The Duchess, and the Princess Augusta of Cambridge.
returned to Kew on Thursday night.
The Committee on Education of her Majesty's most
Honourable Privy Council, had a meeting, at three
o'clock yesterday afternoon, in the Council Office. The
Lords present, were Lord Wharncliffe, Sir Robert Peel,
Earl of Ripon, Sir James Graham. the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, and Lord Granville Somerset.