The Sun.
London, England, 1845-04-14 00:00:00

SPORTING INTELLIGE,%CE.

BUTheRTO.N CONSTABLE RACES—WEDNESDAY.
(iold Cap for Hunters: 4 vrs, lost 911/ ; 5 yrs, llst 7L);
a .Vile and a-half.
arr. Fewson nd Gold Pippin, 6 yrs (Mr. Namby) 0 1 1
Colonel Ttiompson's Hamlet, aged 0 0 2
Captain Alien's Wasn, 6 vrs 0 0 2
13Ir. W. scow- A ..• 00 0
~
ur., 5 ........
r. rt Creyk ch m nut if Ahn,. 6 '..r% 2 0 ,it•
,
The Drawing-room Stakes ot 5 sovs ‘i-ith 30 added.
One mile amt three-quarters (7 Sobs.)
Mr. Baxter's Legacy, 53 -rs
C°l°Tiel ThAmpsurl-1 el,ll . .
Alr. Milbank nd Montgomery
Match, 20 SoVB, 1 Ist each, once round and a distance.
4.1.•
Tray's Calomel (Mr. L. Ford) beat Mr. Lamb, rt's
Tom humb.
.TartheeristhißrlWAS Stakes of 4 sot's each, e mile and thr.'e-
-1 Mr. Walker's Ibv .Tuley loch, out of Sister to
14131 a, walked over.
Plate of THURSDAY.
The r arm ra' P f 5 • dded to the Innkeepers'
urse, o
", 41-d, once round and a distance, was won in three
by Ur. Irvin 's Ranger, 5 yrs, (W. Wilson), beating
kii_r-o'ourileity.,BJohnson's Isabel, Mr. Haworth's Autocrat, Captain
The Queen, and Captain Cooper's Little John.
Tye Bass
Constable Handicap, of 20 sox s. each, 101 t, and
I.l2l4Trrr:ißTS:l.l:ll-,,,,51: ft, declared,
iido-retcolabreellt, '5" yrsY' So
added.
(2
n'ile(sß)umbv) 1
2
'rwbaemcisifabtritc.,..l23.r. '.L.n.e
71b each, thorough
Stakes of 3 sovs. each, with ten added, lOst
Won in ,""orough bred horses 71b extra, half a mile, were
Sip 'wo heats, by Mr. Whiting's Lill (Francis), beating
L _
UsOn lirea and several others.
Pols tie Criterion Handicap, of 20 sovs, added to a sweepstakes
B°y& each one mile and three-quarters, was won by
„ ‘ouello, beating two others.
Th N°RTHLEACH STEEPLE CHASES—FRIDAY.
The Cotswold Handicap of 2 soya, each, and 20 added.
Mr. s (19 Subs.)
Ymmonds's The Brick, 10st IQib ....(Crickmere) 1
Bir.;,c,, Buck's Sir John, lOst 71b 2B. Smith's Galopade, llst 3
A Several others ran. Won by half a length, cleverly.
Ws' Sweepstakes of 2 sovss each and 15 added, list 71b each,
ten otners w,°ll by Mr. Wheeler's Tomboy (Crickmore), beating
by two lengths.
tows BETTING AT MANCHESTER —FRIDAY.
5 THOUSAND GUnSEAS STAKE.S.-5 to 2 agst Idas (t)—
agSt Kedger.
rit3HPaER CUP.-9 to 1 agst Catarazt—l3 to 1 agst Obscu-
ag:t-;-"" to 1 agst Semiseria (t)-14 to 1 agst Era-20 to 1
Arinesour-25 to 1 agst Strathspey-25 to 1 agst True-
(tlk. (taken to 501.)----8 to 1 a,st Obscurity and the Era
ell to 500 The rest as befrire.
don:.111%-"-OtrerS of 18 to 1 agst Clear-the-way, but nothing
Nothing done upon Newmarket Handicap or the Oaks.

and the Directors authorised to take the necessary steps
to carry it into execution.—(Cheers.)
Mr. Join,: Ews, the Deputy Chairman, after a few
observations eulogistic of the proposed arrangement,
seconded the motion.

This, after some remarks from Dr. O'Brien, Mr.
Mather. Mr. Ell's. and other Proprietor, was cirried
I .:td

A vot-. ~f thtNic rvt,s,l to t',,e Cha,rtnan, with
the 4-”lthnsin-ra tts.•lly oisplayei by this ct,nlp,ny, and
thc- meeting s•-parated.

INSTITUTION' ()F CIVIL
ENGIN EERS.
(Sir John It nnie, President, in the chair.)
aprin, 8 —The paper read was by Mr. J. Baldry
Redman, des- ribing the new cast-iron p er at Grreaesend,
just omplerial, from hi., designs. and under his super-
intendence. after an intreductere me moir, deselibing
the rapid groe ef steam navigation, and conse-
quent it:crease of the town end demand for greater ac•
cornaalatinn, the paper gave an account of the more
of construction ad. pt d, which was illustrated by
dine wings and a model of the work by Mr. Salter. The
tier is situated in fruit of the Terrace gardens, in a
line curb H mer-street The length is two 'hundred
run; tiftv f, t. ant it is. stipperre.t upon tweeh -two Doric
eidatrins f cast iron twenty -eight, feet ling, weighing
nearly ten •reis each. The firs' ti- ris situated at high-
weter ;nark. arid tinini thence :here are three spans of
fifty fr, t each to the pier-head. which is ninety feet long
by thirty feet wide. Horizontal iron girders support the
platferm. and the external girders are inclosed by an
entabla,ure cinch also forms the parapet. At the south
end ore solid abutments and alley. walls to support the
ser.rie ith, and stone °fie, a with turrets Hank the
entranee. The.first tier of girders is carried ever the
esplanade in front of the gardens, whieh is thus con
tinned underneath the pier; the whole area of the ale.-
form is covered by a wrought-iron roof, boarded and
slated, and supported upon crinpled iron pilasters, with
corrugated iron panels between, and the sides can be in-
closed at will by shutters. Skylights are introduced
in the roof. The approach from the river is by
a double flight of steps. with landings to suit all states
of the tide. A powerful light is (..xliibited from a cast-
iron lighthouse surmounting the junction of the roofs at
the pier-head, which is supported upon a system of iron
trussing forty-three feet in span ; octagonal coaper gas
lamps are suspended from the apex ef the reof. This
structure has been designed to meet the views of the con-
servators of the river, so as to offer but little obstruction
to the navigation, and there is a clear headway of eight
feet underneath at highwater spring tides. The comfort
and convenience of passengers by steamers have also
been materially consulted The paper described in
detail the method adopted in getting in the foundations,
which was one of the chief features of the paper, as the
method was novel, viz.:---by sinking cast-iron cylinders
to a depth varying from nine to fourteen feet below the
level of low- water mark of spring tides, and keeping
their tops always raised above high-water mark, the
ground was excavated from within them, and they were
filled With solid rock to the level of low water mark,
where the columns were bedded on the strong bases.
The work occupied two years in its construction, and
has been since Easter Monday opened to the public.
A very ingenious machine was exhibited for making
with perfect accuracy artificial teeth, gums, and palates.
It is the invention of Mr. Aim •s, who described its
action and demonstrated its capabilities. A plaster. of-
paris cast of the gums, &c., having been obtained, a
peculiar moulding composition, softened by heat, is
pressed upon the cast and allowed to cool. In that
situation if is then removed, and reduced t'a the
shape of the intended teeth, and if on trial this com-
position model is foran! to fit the mouth accurately, it is
placed in the faceplate of tae machine, and a perfect copy
is obtained by the mechanical action of the revolving
cutter or tool. The machine consists of three slides
is ;
two are placed vertically and move in two di-
rectiens, horizontally and vertically, but each the
vertical plane. Upon these slides is a plate of iron, to
which is fixed the composite model and the substance in
which the copy is to be produced. The two, there-
fore, partake of equal motion. The third slide is
placed horizontally, and admits of horizontal motion
only, but at right angles with the motions of the
perpendicular slides. Upon this slide a tracer with a
blunt point is permanently fixed, and parallel with it
is a revolving cutting point or drill; by the three
sliding motians, the tracer is made to pass over the
surface to be copied, whilst the drill is -constrained
to describe an exactly similar surface in the substance
placed before it, and by the rapidity of its motion,
joined to the delicacy of its action, copies with accuracy
the most minute projections on the ca't. In the speci-
men exhibited, the finest filaments were accurately
delireated on the ivory carving, and the machine was
pronounced to he capable of adaptation to many other
purpose beyond dental carving, in which it was designed,
and for which it has been entirely used by the ingenious
inventor.

HUNTING APPOINTMENTS.
The Devon and Somerset staghounds will meet on Mon-
'V and Thursday, at Dulverton—at 11.
s Alt Farquharson's hounds, on Thursday, at Deadmoor ;
T,Bishop's Caundle.
the Old
V.H., on Tuesday, at Houghton Wood ; Friday, at
6 Old ;range House—at half-past 11.
at The liadsworth hounds, on Tuesday, at Darton ; Thursday,
~,ambleforth ; Saturday, at Womersley.
WT he Earl of Harewood's hounds, on Monday, at Riffa ;
piesTilloesdaY, at Spacey House ; Friday, at Tadcaster—at half
1, OM Yarborough's hounds, on Monday, at Roston Wood;
aY9 at Little Limber Lodge.
c The Essex and Suffolk hounds, on Tuesday, at Ardleigh,
; Friday, at Wiston—at half-past 10.
, 4e "Tiverton hounds, on Tuesday, at Beachcombe Planta-
o°ll6l.6/e ; Thursdaaty,half- Ch at ipstable Village ; Saturday, at Spring
Park—past 10.

NEWMARKET CRAVEN MEETING.
Several horses have reached Newmarket for the ensuing
Inlpee,ting, and appearances, if they do not promise a brilliant
-flex, are so far favourable, that most of the standing en-
togements are likely to be run. The last arrivals include—
, rd Chesterfield's Knight of the Whistle, Poor Soldier,
ady Wildair, Javelin, Triunion, and Newsmonger---Lord
Maidstone's Cockamaroo—Celonel Anson's Kedger and Je-
tail—Mr. Bowes's Heather Bell and As-you-like-
it--Mr. Jaques's Anti-Repealer and Semiseria—Lord
Str re lb e's Idas, Evenus, and Boarding-school Miss
John Day's The Ugly Buck—Mr. Wreford's Win-
e,helsea—Mr. Gardnor's Captain Flathooker—Mr., S.
zterbert's Antler and Ajax—Mr. Greville s Alarm—
For Pavne's Sir Francis, Johnny, and Queen blab—Mr.
it(l's Fuzbos, The Attorney, Mademoiselle, and Qui Tam—
* Stebbing's Celeste—Mr: Batson's Homceopathist, Accacia
an Harriet filly--4 Mr. Drinkald's Vol-a-Vent—Sir
. W Wynn's Poor liov, The Soldier, and Rowland—Mr.
lsbottom's Pine Apple—Mr. ,Kelly's Lydia Languish—
Orort`4o Bentinck's Ratafia, Discord, All-round-my .Hat,
will in Oil. and My Mary. The principal races of the week
to ~,13e the two Riddlesworth's (mere shadows, and not likely
hfc'iZzlit,cc more than a couple of starters), the stakes in
tain-4 l'lsedor and Idas are engaged (apparent " cer-
for i,S), the Column Stakes, and Newmarket Handicap,
of which there will' be a good field, the Claret.
4-
1„', and the match between the Ugly Buck and
geste7,etit: The Newmarket Handicup, a new race sug-
ar by the inhabitants, does not boast so large
1,45 --eePtance as had been anticipated ; but " Rome
tott not built i fresh, and its promoters feral ot be clf.-
eo4rt'l.rd frotn exertions—let them be in their
outions to the fund, and not be above canvassing for
shouti3iedribers. to the Stake ; and there can be no reason why itt
1143 oecoine a prominent " feature" a.meetitnget,ta
la of late years somewhat fallen from its high es a_t •
coef e course of the week, it is expected that a
elube.,.rellee will take place between the Jockey
Ilropol3 " committee of the inhabitants with regard to the
Cab continuation of the Eastern Counties line from
tom 'dge to Several members, believing that a rail-
of
theseclo to the tow.n would interfere with the respectability
ngs, have expressed a favourable opinion.of the
co% —Plated
e within •
Direct London and Norwich, which will not
eight or ten miles of Newmarket ;. the ark'to_wns-
"flowerer, are almost unanimously for the line to Bury,
Port ot.'etli!d to use ev effort to obtain the sanction and sup
bornin„,lie Club. A question as to the correctness of Zanoni's
prefei;oen for the Chester Cup, arising out of an objectio
eottm ed bY Colonel Peel is also expected to come on in the
e of the meeting.

The paper announced to be read at the meeting of
Tues -lay, April 15, was "On the peculiar feature
of the atmospheric railway system." by Mr. G.
Riridey, A4soc. Inst. C. E. It is expected that the meet-
ing will be very fully attended, and that the description
ill be v-!ry iate,est nom.

THE UNIVERSITIES OF OXFORD

AND CAMBRIDGE.

Two questions were involved in Mr. Christie's motion
respecting the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge on
Thursday evening; one was their system as to those
whom they admit within their pale, the other their
system as to those whom they exclude. Both have been
negatived for a time ; but a warning has been repeated.
It now amounts to an historical fact that the Reform
Bill
was hastened by the high-handed refusal of those
in power to rectify some few proved abuses ; in the
same way the Universities may be assured that if they do
not exert themselves to correct what is amiss within
their walls, they will by-and-by be reformed with a
vengeance from without.
The wider question of the admission to Oxford and
Cambridge degrees of Catholics and Dissenters
we do not enter upon at present ; we propose only to
notice some points of discipline and rules of practice,
which, as real well-wishers of the two sister Universities,
wo should desire to see amended. We are not here
speaking of such matters as caps and hats, or stuff and
silk gowns ; indeed, we do not object to a reasonable
deference to rank at college, since rank is a thing that
will be, and ought to be, deferred to in after-life. We
are alluding to essentials—to such vital matters as the
course of study and the pecuniary outlay of students.
And first, with respect to the course of study; we find
from the returns of the various Professors, and more
particularly from the statement of Dr. Daubeny,
that of late years the attendance upon public lec-
tures has so fallen off and declined that it is now
almost entirely discontinued. Twenty or thirty is
the maximum of an audience, while some of the
professors are without so much as the humorous Dean's
" dearly beloved Jonathan," and are reduced to empty
walls, silence, and sinecure. All the instruction now
supplied is furnished by the private or the College
tutor. The effect of this is to alter the
nature of the Universities, and to degrade it—to
make them mere clusters of contiguous schools, instead
of being what they were designed to be—comprehensive
and harmonious machines on a grand scale, for giving to
the minds, sent up to them in states of greater or less
preparation, the last polish and perfection. Under the
tutorial, as distinguished from the professional, regime—
under the College as distinguished from the University
education—what does a student gain more than he did
at a public school ? Does he, except so far as he himself
brings maturer faculties, gain so much instruction ? At
school, after learning his lesson, he rehearsed it to his
tutor, and was examined in it daily in public by the
master. At the University he has two examinations in
tour years I We are well aware that eminent men issue
from our Universities ; but they take much of their
learning with them to those seats of the Muses, and they
would bring yet more away if the system were improved
arid ewurged.
With respect tts the expense, we are well aware of
the difficulty of sumptuary laws, and of tho ease with
ich restrictions on the purse, or rather on credit, are
evaded ; but sure we are that with the large authority
of proctors, tutors, and heads of house,, much mere
be dose to prevent the years of a university career,
which ought to be happy and useful, from being the
source, of ruin and misery for life. Thoughtless as
)(meg men too often are, there yet are ways of deal
ing with them that might be tried with much success ;
to reasonabl, restraint might be added friendly remon-
strattes, en appt al to parent', an appeal to their own
feelings and better judgment. The hundreds which
are waste t in riot, have often been raised for the young
academic by the denial of comforts at home ; to re-
mitet him of this, to point out to him how valuable to
himself at some not distant day, how productive of much
more real tonjoyment, west he is throwing away would
rue, might be tried oftener than it is, and with much
soccess. Our pages have frequently recorded trials where
young men have been sued, by those who smiled and
trusted, for articles which no jury could construe into
necessaries—for items lavished by an extravagance that
would be ludicrous if it were not melancholy. This
evil might be easily redressed : it might be provided
that no tradesman residing in or within a certain dis.
tance of Oxford or Cambridge should be entitled to sue
tor, and recover from, any undergraduate any debt of
above one year's standing, or of above 5/. or 10/. in
amount, except there were a previous written order
from the tutor of the undergraduate's college, without
any inquiry in Court whether the goods were necessaries
or not. At present a very large majority of the students
of our two leading Universities are sent to them to be
prepared for admission into the Church ; and of these a
majority again are persons in such circumstances that
300/. or 4001. a year for four years are sums which they
cannot very well afford. Still less can they afford to
acquire habits of extravagance—habits which they must
unlearn afterwards by a painful process.
The legitimate expenses of a college career need and
ought not to be heavy, even if the colleges had not been
amply endowed. In a German University a mod crate
yearly payment to the tutor, the fees to the various
professors, and the cost of board, are covered by a com-
paratively small sum. In the English Universities the
tutors have their college endowments, the professors
enjoy the ample liberality of the founders, the colleges
have space for students: why should there be a ruinous
expense? Surely, with their ample means, their enor-
mous revenues, our Universities might afford to supply
all educational wants at the lowest charge. Why should
an irptitutien by far the wealthiest not produce the most
liberal programme of instruction? We do not under-
value classical learning; but we contend that for modern
times it is not suihcient for a man to know Latin and
Greek alone. Of modern languages at the present day
a gentleman is expected not to be utterly ignorant; but
these are things which Oxford and Cambridge do not
profess to teach, which, in limiting their honours and
degrees to other acquirements, they virtually exclude.—
Times.

-AL MEETING OF THE MlD-
`asitND RAILWAY COMPANY.
ep. Ai— OF THE BIRMINGHAM AND GLOU-
XaliETEjt AND BRISTOL AND GLOUCESTER
SATURDAY.—This afternoon a special gene-
said meeting of the shareholders in this railway wnas.
side !tt the railway station here, for the purpose o. co
the rtAinF the conditional agreement lately entered into by
(!em ~-"rectors, for the lease by the Midland Railway
(3,„-irny of the recently amalgamated Birmingham and
keeti7nester and Bristol and Gloucester Railways
nutnerously attended.
4etn. ‘r(34IGE HUDSON, Chairman of the Board of Di-
ithea stated the heads of the agreement entered
aural -Itl4 the above companies, which was that the
ter-gamated lines of the Birmingham and Glouceisn-
W. and Bristol and Glcucttader should be leased
6Pietuity to thellidLnd Company, at an annual rent
the • Per cent. on the share capital of 1,800,0001.
the ii',l!,dland Company to take upon themselves_
450„wilities due by the other party to the extent of
the.„`MClt ; the stook of the other companies to becomwe
e,,,FroPerty of the Midlands ; these arrangements
whiettence On the ist of July next, and any diffe.rence,
the l;'1 toteht arise to be reterred tt, the arbitration of
rd of Trade. Th. Midland Company were also
Vt.. 2 Ve II
se lines at any time
aithin rower to purchase these
liitr three years.
146. El, ernsox then stated that there was a great did.
snan-almo on the part of the Directors to enter into any
aoaae
tas me by which the Company shonld incur fresh
betit)ottsibilities, but at the same time they thought this
lin::than that any otho• Company should have the
ttestion.
abutELATR 3 A_
e Worthy C t •,;• then went ito a lengthenedd
Itaa,4lnt Of the 13-oaks anti ,ipated from the propoitei,
lettal'gement, and said that possioly the Act for ti
44.1„,.; ''';ght not be obtained this ses*loo, but he unt er
that no legal d ffi ailty stood in the way or
thke unpnli ,he aireetnentL 4t -orwe. Vie then added, than,
jeer god of trade had seen the justiee th
the Pht forward by their eompany, and he hop. de pthat
eotle would the source of an increased in-
fame t' the sh trett.dders. The first of these proje,
‘ 711°1Y reported on was the line from Lincoln to
taighc‘al, 34 in length. Ihe Board had to
ea,trtol alao in &your of trio hoe from Sw nom to I )on-
NZ' 'll'4lo a part was left void between Gains, to-
'lsl;a' and Dot:caster. He hoped, however, that. I at.-
ent
Mileh would enable them to extend it to Lincoln,
li would make ether 36 miles. Then there was the
oft ll@ f,
her S to Peterborough, 48 miles, so that
ii,ther the Board of Trade had reported favourably
14riz- miles of railway. The number of shares
.issue I
ittking these was 50,500 to the Midland proprietors,
thN. 5,.)5°0 to the Sheffield and Rtitherham, making toge-
°,soo-'°°,,,°. The number authorised to be issued wash
eltaaa i; was. thus particular in stating the facts, e-
ah e had seen letters in the newspapers asking where
tetetinar" were. The last time he had the pleasure of
.*caki,F• the Proprietors he alluded Torticularly to the
tlllv. cg,,, of the Midland line. The Directors had since
iltie-,me",eortled the promise then made of working the
tl'ain-s-te.telatly. The Proprietors would find that the
Clie,tr, Were now running with the utmost regularity.--
ktre. he now
The Directors had entered into an
exttlt•t?t with the London and Birmingham Company
t 1)
r,4o,‘"ltte certain trains fully an hour. By this means
'sh
4,411(0 would be able to perform the journey from
ort, 'tt to Newcastle, a distance of 303 miles, in the
of ten and a, half. boars. lie would just
Itty .the meeting,. of one other thing., to guard against
wits „ - views of parties buying shares.. This
wits
~,r,ererence to the 31. shares in the Birmingham
the
s‘: ueester. These shares were now exactly in
kaal,tlie position as before the ccntemplated amal-
fer,ii,„ 'O. As doubts had bean thrown out in re-
aw 'e to this matter, he deemed it rght that this should
go f,)rth tnt wit 0 the paalic. %Yuen the proposed agr!e-t
111•4)0t ; sanctioned, the Bills now before Parlitontn
~.tirtian.e,,hY these companies will probanly be with-
'sat the 111,, e would just add, further, that it was possibl.e
th..6:_•ket for this lease tnialit not be obtained this
t he understitod from Mr. Carter, the solicitor
‘l,.,letlter,•)„lll3allY, that no 1, gal difficulty stood in the way
th tin it at nce• o This was proposed to be dune
thatthe
beside of
aire „ of
next.—(llar, hear. The Ho.
eoncludsid b i movn at lotion,
res to the effect
afire g
ement read should be confirmed,

TTIE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING-, APRIL 14, 1845.