The Sun.
London, England, 1842-08-17 00:00:00

TgE RAILROADS OF GERMANY :1
HAMIWRGH TO LUBECK.—Perilaps the most im-
portant railroad that could, at the present day be pro-
jected, or ha
.constructed, in Germany would be
one that would connect the Baltic and the North Sea.
Such a railroad need not be longer than forty miles,
and would run the whole way upon nearly a dead
levelnamely, from Hamburgh to Lubeck. The ad
vantages of such an undertaking are so obvious that
the necessary capital would be raised in twenty-four
hours in London alone, if the King of Denmark could
be induced, even for a moderate consideration, to give
his consent to the execution of the plan.
lIAMBURGH TO BERLlN.—Another of the projected
railroads of Germany, for which capitalists would be
ready enough to advance the necessary funds, is that
from 1-lamburo to Berlin, which would open a rail-
road communication with Stettin, Dresden, Leipsic,
Breslau, and eventually with Vienna, and the very
heart of Hungary. This would connect the Elbe, the
Oder, and the Danube. Of this railroad the first
eight miles, to Bergedorf, running over Hamburgh
territory, have already
,been completed. When the
remainder will be completed it is difficult to say.
HAMDURGH TO HANOVER.—AIIOther pntjected rail-
road of considerable promise is that from Hamburgh
to Hanover. This would run all -the way through
Hanoverial territory, with the exception ofvsome five
or six miles over a few sandy islands in the Elbe, that
belong to Hamburgh. This railroad would lo 'g ago
have been undertaken, were it not for the anxiety of
the Hanoverian Government to prevent Hamburgh
from deriving any material benefit from it.
Out of Germany, there is probably no country
more interested than England in the three projected
railroads of which we have just been speaking. For
the last 16 years there has been a regular steam com-
munication between London and Hamburgh, and
were the railroad from Hamburgh to Lubeck once
constructed, there would be a regular periodical in-
tercourse by steam-boats and railroads from the West
Indies and New York, by the way of Bristol and
Liverpool to London, thence over to Hamburgh and
Lubeck, from which place,-except when the Baltic is
frozen up, there are steamers constantly running to
Copenhagen, Christiania, Stockholm, St. Petersburgh,
and to various other of the Baltic ports.
THE MAGDEBURG RAILROADS.—The principal rail-
roads from Magdeburg are one from Berlin, and one
over Halle and Leipzig to Dresden. As far as Coe-
then the two roads are one and the same, but at Coe-
then they diverge. In point of fact, these railroads
are three and not two ; that is, they belong to three
different Companies, but they are so intimately con-
nected with each other that they may almost be
looked upon as one concern.
THE MADGEBURG AND LEIPZIG RAILWAY.—The
principal of these three railroads is called the Madge-
burg-Coethen-Halle-Leipzig Railroad. The first
stroke of the spade was struck in the month of April,
1838. In fourteen months afterwards, on the 29th
June, 1839, the road was opened as far as Schone-
beck : in September following as far as the Saale ;
in June, 1840, as far as Coethen ; in July, as far as
Halle; and on the 18th August, 1840, the road was
opened to the public in its entire length of 161 Ger-
man geographical (724 English) miles from Magde-
burg to Leipzig. The road rims all the way over
level ground, the highest embankment not exceeding
30 feet in height, while the deepest cutting is one of
24 feet in depth.
There are three trains daily from Magdeburg to
Leipzig, and each performs the journey in about three
hours and a quarter. Each of these trains is in im-
mediate communication with the trains from Coethen
to Berlin, and by these two lines the distance from
Magdeburg to Berlin (26.1 German geographical, or
123 English miles) is effected in 61 hours.
Between Magdeburg and Leipzig there are eight
stations, between Coethen and Berlin ten.

THE DRESDEN AND LEIPZIG RAILROAD.—The
Dresden and Leipzig Railroad is 154 German (711
English) miles in length. The first stroke of the
spade was struck on the 29th of February, 1836,
and the road in its entire length was opened to the
public on the 7th of April, 1839. More than half
the railroad runs upon embankments, some of which
it has been necessary to raise to the leight of 20 ells.
There is a tunnel at °berm', 900 ells, or about a
third of an English mile in length. On this road
there are two mail trains, and three goods trains
daily, each way.
BERLIN RAILROADS.—On arriving at Berlin the
traveller will find three other railroads running off in
opposite directions from the Prussian capital.
THE I'OTSDAM RAILROAD.—The first of these is
the short railroad to Potsdam (19 English miles), on
which the trains run daily six times to Potsdam, and
as often to Berlin. The latest train from each place
starts at ten o'clock in the evening, for the conveni-
ence of persons returning from the theatre. Of the
traffic on this little railroad some idea may be formed
from the fact that 14,000 passengers travelled by it I
during the week ending on the Ist of August.
THE BERLIN-STETTIN RAILROAD:The second
the railroad from Berlin to Stettin, which was opened
on. the 30th of last month (July), and which will
place the Prussian capital in immediate connection
with the sea. When we say that the railroad was
opened on that day, we ought perhaps .so • far :to cor-
rect ourselves as to say that it was opened as far as
Neustadt Eberswalde, six German (27 English)
miles from Berlin. This, however, is a good third of
the whole distance.
THE BERLIN AND FRANKFORT RAILWAY.—The
last of the four railroads to which the Prussian capital
forms the central point, is that from Berlin to Frank-
fort on the Oder, a distance of about 50 miles, and II
which it is intended to extend to Breslau, and even-
tually to Vienna. Part of the intermediate road is
already completed, namely, from Breslau to Oppeln,
and from Vienna to Olmutz ; but though these three
fragments coicprise more than half the distance be-
tween the capitals of Austria and Prussia, there does
'not appear to be any immediate probability of the
completion of the remaining portions of the road.
CONVENIENCES AFFORDED IIY THE RAILWAYS.—
The tourist, by the system of railroads we have de-
' scribed, may visit Itamburgh, Magdeburg, Leipzig,
Dresden, Halle, Berlin, Potsdam, and Frankfort on
' the Oder, and every mile of the way by steam. From
Frankfort to Breslau the roads are excellent, From
Breslau to Oppeln he again travels along a railroad.
From, Oppeln to Olmutz, over the Moravian moun-
tains, if the roads are not the best, the picturesque
scenery will afford abundant compensation ; and from
Olmutz to Vienna (about 130 English miles) the
tourist is again conveyed with the accustomed rapidity
of railroad travelling.
THE VIENNESE RAILWAYS.—The railroads really
in existence from Vienna are two in number. Of
these, the principal is the one already mentioned to
Olmutz, with a lateral branch, about thirty-five miles
in length, to Brunn, and a smaller branch, which it is
in contemplation to extend to Prague. This railroad,
orginally undertaken by the house of Rothschild,
will be carried to Bothnia, in Gallicia, and perhaps
even .as far as Lemberg. The other railroad runs
from Vienna to Raab, in Hungary, and will probably
, be carried out as far as Pesth. _ _ _

The above are the only railroads of magnitude that
have been really carried out in Germany, but there
are several smaller ones in full activity, all of which
are intended at some future time to form parts of a
large system. These railroads are :
From Hamburgh to Bergedorf, about nine English
miles in length, which his to be extended to Berlin,
whenever the consent of Denmark and Mecklenburg
can be obtained ;
From Dusseldorf to Elberfeld, about 20 miles in
length ;
from Aix-la-Chapelle to Cologne (not quite com-
pleted), about 50 miles in length, and already in cor-
respondence with all the railroads of Belgium ;
From Wiesbaden to Frankfort-on-the-Maine, about
25 miles in length ;
From Manheim to Heidelberg, about 15 miles in
length ;
From Brunswick to Holberstadt, about 30 miles in
length ;
From Munich to Augsburg, about 35 miles in
length ; and
The miniature railroad from Nuremburg to Furth,
about five miles long, and remarkable as being the
first that was opened for public use in Germany.
Seine smaller railroads have been completed in
Saxony and other parts of Germany, for the service
of individual mines, &c., and there are likewise horse
railroads horn Linz to Budweis, from Linz to Gu-
munder, and from Trentshin in Hungary to Teshin
in Moravia.
The above may be taken as a list of all the Ger-
man railroads as yet finished, or nearly so, in Ger-
many ; but the list could hardly be considered com-
plete, without some account of the Belgian system.
THE BELGIAN RALLROADS.^III comparison to its
extent, there is no country in the world in which the
system of railroads has been carried out further than
in Belgium. Of this system, Malines forms the cen-
tral point, from which railroads branch off—west-
ward, over Ghent to Ostend ; northward, to Ant-
werp ; westward, over Lovaine and Liege, to Aix-
la-Chapelle ; and southward, over Brussels and Mons
to Quevrain, on the frontier's of France. All these
roads are at present in full. activity.
In connection with the railroads of Germany and
Belgium, are the steam-boats of the General Steam
Navigation Company, from London to Hamburgh,
from London to Ostend, from
,London to Antwerp,
and from London to Rotterdam ; and the internal
steam navigation of the Elbe, the Rhine, and the
Danube, by means of which almost uninterrupted
steam communication is constantly kept up between
the British capital and nearly all the principal cities
of Belgium, Holland, and Germany.
STEAM NAVIGATION ON THE ELBE.—To the
Rhine, the facilities of the tourist who starts from
London, arc various.
On his arrival at Rot-
terdam, he may at once transfer his per-
son and luggage from the vessel of the General
Stearn Navig,ation Company, to that of the Dussel-
dorf Rhine _Company, which will carry_ him, without