The Sun.
London, England, 1842-04-28 00:00:00

T. LANIIE MURRAY, EN., Chairman.

.1. Elliotson, M. D., F. R. S. John Ratvton, Esq.
I John Griffith Frith, Esq. John Riddle Stodart, Esq.
Bunter Gordon, Esq. I Clement Tabor, Esq.
George Lungiey, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq.

AUDITORS.
Professor Wheatstone, F.R. S. I Professor Graves, A.AI,F.R. S.

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UNDER THE ESPECIAL PATRONAGE OF H.R.H.
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TH E SPORTING
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HYDE SIARSTON, Chap. XVI. By the Editor.
Old English Sports, by the!Salmon; Fishing in the
Hieh-
Hon. Grantley Berkeley, lands.
'AI. P. Newmarket Spring Racing, by
An Adventure with a Tiger. ." Craven."
Sporting in the Missouri Coun. Mr. Tudaay's - Hounds and
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A meeting, convened by the Political Institute, was held on
Tuesday, at the Crown and Anchor; " for the purpose," as the
notices expressed it, " of considering the best steps to he taken
in the present alarming crisis." About one thousand persons
were present. 'the Chair was taken-by Mr. Cameron.
The CHAIR-max congratulated the meeting on the progress
which the Chartist cause has made. The time was whir they
found it difficult to get a place in which to assemble. Now
the most spacious and prominent places of meeting were avail-
able to them. Public opinion expressed through them had
been put down by armed ruffianil but at that moment dele-
gates from various parts of the country were there assembled,
to state the sufferings of their various localities. They could
judge of the progress their cause had made by the manlier in
which Mr. Sharman Crawford's motion had been received in
the House of Commons. On the occasion of that motion Sir
Robert Peel had boasted of his prophecy with respect to the
Reform Bill, but he forgot to state that he had himself fulfilled
his own prophecy.--( Hear, hear.) He (the Chairman) trusted
they would be coon in a position to present Sir Robert Peel
with a different argument, in the advanced organization of the
people.—(Cheers.)
Letters Ofapologr were read from Mr. T. Duncombe, M.P.,
and Mr. Leader, M.P.

The CHAIRMAN said that no apology had been received
from Mr. Wakley.
The SECRETARY (Mr. Parker) proposed a resolution in
favour of increased exertion in behalf of the name and princi-
ples of the People's Charter.
Mr. BALLS seconded the resolution.

Mr. BA IRSTOW, member of the Convention from Notting-
ham, supported the resolution. Class legislation was the evil
with which they were grappling. They were determined to
wage eternal war with it, and to give it no quarter until they
not only annihilated it, but all the corrupt principles which
through it were engrafted on our institutions.
Mr. FERRO US O'CoNNoit came forward, and was received
with loud cheers. lie had often before sworn allegiance to
the Charter and its principles, but as a good thing could
not be done too often, he then repeated his vow of alle-
giance to the Charter in name and in principles. —( Cheers. )
Their cause, as the Chairman had said, had greatly pro-
gressed; but he did not, as some did, expect much conces-
sion from their present Tory Prime Minister. His opinion
was, that if the Whigs were devils, the Tories were devils
in hell.—( Cheers.) They had nothing to hope from Toryism.
When it was weak, it was cowardly ; when strong, it was
tyrannical.—( Cheers.) Therefore tile people should go against
the whole system in bulk, and not depend on.any of the factions.
The people would certainly do so. They were every hour be-
coming more pißitically active. Sir Robert Peel was forcing
them into political intelligence. Every man worth 1501. a-
year would be certain to be politically informed.—( Cheers. )
The Tory Prime Minister had become one of the greatest pro
moters of the Charter.—( Loud cheers.) They had been told
that the Charter was buried, but after seven years, since its
first agitation, the Chartists were more ripe and ready for
action than ever.—( Cheers. ) On Monday next the trades
would carry the muster roll of the nation to the House of Com-
mons, surrounded by the delegates, "who were commissioned to
seek fur full representation for the people. They were the
only associated party in England capable of putting down
Toryism.—( Cheers.) He therefore called on the Whigs to
join them ; but unless they did so in name and in principles
they should not join them at all.—(Cheers. )
Delegates from Wiltshire, Glasgow, Midland Counties, and
Lancashire, addressed the meeting. After which the resolu-
tion was carried unanimously.
A resolution in support of the General Convention. and
pledging unabated exertion to procure the pardon of Frost,
Williams, and Jones, as also of all political offenders, was
agreed to.
Several Delegates addressed the meeting in support of the
Charter, and called for a numerous attendance at the proces-
sion on Monday next.—The meeting then adjourned.

COMMERCIAL TARIFFS AND RE-
GULATIONS OF THE SEVERAL STATES OF
EUROPE AND AMERICA.
By JOHN MACGREGOR, Esq.

IV. FRANCE.

RESOURCES OF FRANCE.

No country possesses within its boundaries greater
natural advantages than France.
Although this highly-favoured kingdom has not
equal maritime advantages, nor minerals so conve-
niently disposed, as those of England, yet her internal
natural riches are greater ; and in minerals and har-
bours she has pre-eminence over the other great
Powers of the Continent.•

The area of France in hectares 52,760,296
Ditto in English acres
Houses inhabited in 1834
Average number of inhabitants in each house

for all France..
Average number of inhabitants in each house
for department of the Seine
Marriages, per annum
Births
Deaths
Average increase per annum
Population on the Ist of January, 1842, cal-
culating increase at this ratio 34,160,934

23
270,215
968,249
809,768
160,000

REC.IPITULATION OF THE OFFICIAL RETURNS OF THE
PHYSICAL AND AGRICULTURAL SURFACE OF FRANCE.
1835.
Lands paying direct taxes :

Square
Hectares. leagues.
Arable lands . 25,559,151 12,939
Meadows 4,834,621 0,447
-
Vineyards 2,134,822 1,080
Forests 7,422.314 3,757
Orchards, nurseries, and gardens 643,698 :325
Oiieries, willow, and reed plots
Ponds, cattle and horse ponds,
fens, and canals of irrigation
Wild pastures, barrens, heaths,&c 7,799.672 3,948
Navigable canals 1,631 0
Grounds under divers cultivation 951,934 481
Grounds under buildings

Total paying direct taxes 49,563,609 25,243
Lands not paying direct taxes :

H Squareectares. leagues.

PORTUGAL.
FA.LMOUTH, APRIL 22.—The steamer Lady Mary Wood
arrived this afternoon with the Peninsular mails. The dates
are Gibraltar, 14th ; Cadiz, 13th; Lisbon, 18th ; Opottos
19th ; and Vigo,2oth. Passengers—Messrs. Nuttall, Gazent,
Rutterford and lady, son. and servant; Grirnshaw and lady,
Lloyd, Garvey, Job, Coekurn, Selbers, Pa; "1., Harmony,
Studley, Morslev, Douthez, Gossey, Ilertlots,Mrs. Dunville
and two servants; Miss Hibbing, Miss Phelps and servant.
LISMON, A reit, 18. —The Infante, lately born, was solemnly
baptised yesterday at the Royal Chapel of the Neceseidatles, M.
Capaceini acting, by procuration from the Pope, as godfather,
and the Princess Isabel Maria as godmother ; a grand banquet
was afterwards given to his Excellency, at. which the
Foreign Ministers, together with the Portuguese Ministers,
the Duke of Palmella, and members of the house-
hold were present. The Grand Cross of the Order of Christ
was given by the Queen to Monsignor Cappaelni on the occa-
sion. The town was illuminated in the evening, but the bad
weather prevented its being very brilliant. M. Capaccini had
the keys and the triple Crown in illuminated lamps in front of
his residence. Three Royal carriages, with a squadron of
cavalry of the Municipal Guard, Were sent to convey his Excel.
fancy to the Royal Chapel, who was treated, in short, with all
the respect shown to Royal personages. The little Prince Jahn
has a long string of names, Gregory of course among them, and
hay been created, by
.Royal decree, Duke of B?ja.
The Bishop of Leiria has been added to the commission ap.
pointed to consider the Papal pretensions, and is reported to
be decidedly opposed to some of them. The Pope had clan-
destinely authorized some parties here to distribute bulls end
grant dispensations, and the Governsgt had threatened the
parties in question with prosecution. M. M. Capaecini's ;ark
val, it appears, he at first refused to present himself unless cer-
tain bases were first established; and this difficulty being got
over in some way, the negotiations went on, and the Govern-
ment (M. Capaceini being authorized by the Pope to take the
whole affair of the bulls and dispensations upon himself) agreed
that he shoeld appoint proper persons to distribute them, &c. ;
but the choice of the Nuncio tell on the very individuals for-
merly clandestinely nominated by the Pope and disallowed by
the Government, and whom the tatter now again objects to re-
cognize in that capacity. The French Minister supports all
M. Capaceini's pretensions, I hear, and the Court is said to be
in great dread of a quarrel with him. In reality, the country
has suffered so much from religious schism that a renewal is
looked upon as a much more terrible thing than twenty changes
of constitution. The Government want the Vicars-General
appointed by them to conduct the affairs of the vacant sees to
be made, by the Pope, Bishops in parlibus, which M. Capac.
cini refuses, contending that the appointment of Pishops in par
gibes is the exclusive right of the Pope. It seems probable,
therefore, that the poor Vicars-General will have to remain
without the high-sounding titles of Archbishop of Lacedemonia,
Bishop of Ethiopia, &c. Sce.
The execution of Mattes Lobo for the murder of his aunt,
two cousins, and maid-servant, last autumn, took place on
Saturday at the Boa Vesta, not very far from the site of the
murder. The criminal was previously conveyed in procession
from the prison to the house where the murder was committed,
where he was addressed by the ex-Prior of Marvao and another
priest, and his confession was read; he was carried in a chair
borne by four condemned prisoners, being in a great state of
prostration. One of the clergymen who addressed him was
taken suddenly ill, and died at the foot of the gallows; and the
other fainted, and was carried off in the arms of the bystanders.
The father of Mattos Lobo was a respectable farmer, and died.
some months since in consequence of the shock he received
from the report of his son's crimes. The latter had rather an
intelligent countenance, and not at all ferocious ; his confes-
sion was that he murdered his aunt in a fit of passion or jea-
lousy, and that the other victims were killed from neeessitv !
The robbery he totally denied. The itcrolitcao to-day lectures
the people for the cries of indignation expressed by them against
the murdcre: on the way to the gallows, and calls out for the
abolition of the punishment of death altogether.
The export: of wine from Lisbon to all parts areas follows:
In 1837 there were exported 18,604 pipes ftom the Custom-
house of the Sete Cases, of which 1,200 were for ports within
the kingdom of Portugal Proper. In 1839, 19,302 pipes were
exported, of which 500 to ports within the continent of Por-
tugal. In 1310, 18,806 pipe;, 816 of which to ports in Por-
tugal. Last year the exportation fell to 15,664 pipes, of which
764 to Portugal Proper ; of the rest 921 pipes to Portuguese
possession., and 132 pipes to the islands, Azores, &c. The
buik of the remainder went to Brazil, which took 10,595 pipes;
England, 1,241 ; Iluss:a, 1,233 ; United States, 337 ; Hol-
land and Belgium. 140 ; Sweefen, 113 ' • Spanish America.
86; and France, 77 pipes. There has been a considerable
falling Old late in the amount sent t• Brazil.
The Government has ordered a full investigation into the
outrage committed on the two gallegos at Oporto, which I re-
ported last week.
The new contract for loan between the Government and
the tobacco contractors for the supply, in instalments, of
1,060 contos eash, has been published in the Diatio. The
contractors arc to to repaid partly out of the decima, and
partly out of the proceeds of the tobacco revenue. itself;
but for 500 contos in cash, the contractors engage to take
from the Cove:mood 1,250 contos of the Anglo-Portuguese
bond (5 per cent.), agreed by the former contract made
by Senhor Avila to be purchased by the Company of National
Credit, and made over to the Government. The parties to
the dew loan being nearly identical with the ether, the effect
will be, that only 750 contos will be purchased and cancelled,
instead of 2,000, as reported upon the best possible autho-
rity in such matters. The Government, in tact, instead of
receiving the other 1,250 contos in bonds, will receive 500
contos in money.