The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-03 00:00:00

rte ,-‘nn.

LONDON :
MONDAY MORNING. OCTOBER 3, 1842.

----f---

We received last night, by the Caledonir,
arrived at Liverpool, New York papers to the
17th ult. The PRESIDENT had lost his wife, and
had retired for some time from the seat of Go-
vernment. - There were reports of changes in
the Cabinet, but none of them seem positive,
except the resignation of Mr. WEBSTER, who
will not again sit in the Cabinet. It is said Mr.
FORNA RD is to resign the Treasury, and be suc-
ceeded by Mr. CUSHING. Mr. Louis 3PLANE
is named as likely to succeed Mr. WEBSTER. On
the 9th this gentleman was at BoSton, and had
agreed to meet his fellow-citizens, who wished
to testify their respect for him, and their satis-
faction with the treaty be had concluded with
Great Britain.

Ex tracts are given in the United States papers
from some of the Canada journals, which attack
Lord ASHBURTON and his treaty as vehemently
as they have been attacked at home, and ap-
parently with no more reason.

The United Parliament of Canada was opened
on the 7th, and an abstract of the Governor-
General's speech will be found in another part of
The Suit. The great interest of the proceedings
in the Canadian Parliament is connected with
the address and the mode in which parties may
be formed. An opinion has been hazarded that
the Governor-General will not be able to obtain
a majority without making considerable altera-
tions both in his system and in the persons of his
administration, but no light is thrown on these
interesting questions by the present arrival.

It will be seen from accounts published this
day, that the arrests of the Chartists are daily on
the increase. Ten were arrested on Friday at
Manchester, one at Sheffield, two at Leeds, and
several at other places. The Government have
laid their plans with much skill, and have evi-
dently waited till they could pounce upon all
the parties at once; but we believe they are in-
debted for success not so much to their own vigi-
lance, as to a certain class of persons never
held in high estimation. We learn from a
Correspondent that a considerable number
of determined TorieA, under the guise of Chart-
ists, were admitted into the secret, and when
their plans were sufficiently matured, they
turned informers, and on their evidence warrants
were immediately issued against the leaders.
We presume, however, that the charges are not
very serious, as several of the persons implicated
have been admitted to bail.

The political article i; the Number, just pub-
lished, of Blackwood's Magazine, is fuller than
usual of studied misstatements and perversions
of fact ; indeed, its very title, " The League's
Revenge," sufficiently indicates the general ten-
dency of its arguments, whose object is to prove
that the late turn-out in the manufacturing and
coal districts originated with the members of the
Anti-Corn-law League, who themselves sus.
Bested it, and carefully watched and assisted
its progress up to the very moment
of the grand explosion, in order to suit
their own selfish and factious purposes.
"We do not hesitate," says the writer of
this precious ultra-Tory diatribe, " to attribute
the late revolt of the urban masses to the League,
and those who espouse the cause of the League ;
we lay the odium at the doors of those who first
gave the discontent a vent—upon those parti-
san manufacturers who thrced their dependents
into the streets, by threatening them with star-
vation." If the members of the League—among
whom are to be found many of the wealthiest,
most-intelligent, and most influential manufac-
turers is-Manchester, and the surrounding districts
—ifthese men, who have such a deep interest in the
maintenance of subordination and tranquillity
among their workmen, and to whom anything in
the shape of a convulsion is little short ofa.bsolute
ruin ;—if these men really prompted the late re-
volt, all we can say is, that they must have been
the greatest set of idiots that ever walked on two
legs, and called themselves men What ! encou-
rage the stoppage of their own mills; diminish
instead of increase, the means whereby they live
shatter the fabric of their own prosperity, and:
bring themselves within the jaws of destruction
in other words, cut their own throats . 1";
in
or-
der to revenge themselves on their ene.
pries;—is it to be imagined that a body
()f men so shrewd arid enlightened as
those who compose the Anti-Corn-law League,
could, even under tire bitterest sense of injury
and oppression, act in this .frantic, suicidal man.
ner "! Impossible ; and yet we must concede to
Lim this monstrous hypothesis, otherwiSe the
writer in Mackzeond cannot make out even the
e:hadow ()fa case! so much fin. the sophistry of
this reckless ultra-Tory scribe; but what are we
to say for his assertion that the "partisan manu-
facturers Gireed their dependents into the streets,
by threatening theinuu'
itlis:aivation ?" Never
was there It more
unblushing falsehood ut-
tered than this! It is as opposite to the
plain, known fact, as day to night—shadow to • substance. Instead of forcing their
workmen
into the streets by holding out a menace on f star-
vation, the manufacturers did their utmost to
keep them from the streets, and induce them
peaceably and diligently to continue their work,
well knowing, with their usual sagacity, even if.
they were not influenced by nobler motives, that

their own self-interests would be injured -by the
insubordination of their dependents, and that
not a single mill or factory could be
stopped, and its works paralysed, without
the masters suffering to a still greater ex-
tent than the men. how are we to account
for such ridiculous reasoning—such Fal-
staff-like mendacity as this, on the part of a writer
who shows in other parts of his article—as in his
brief, cursory remarks on the inconsistencies of
the Whigs—that he is by no means devoid of a
certain modicum of political acuteness? His ab-
surd sophistry is only to be accounted for
by the fact that he had a rotten cause to
defend ; that he was perfectly conscious of this;
and that therefore, in the headlong desperation
of the moment, he availed himself of whatever
arguments came readiest to hand, cherishing a
sort of forlorn hope that they might at least pass
muster with his ultra-Tory readers, to whose
prejudices he took care they should appeal.

The rage displayed by certain Ministerial
journals against the Duke of RUTLAND for his
sensible speech at Waltham, is extremely edify-
ing, for it shows that the parties most interested
in agricultural pursuits will not join with them
in denouncing the Tariff and the Corn-law Act.
Towards the close of the session a cry was got up
that the Tory party had been betrayed and the
agricultural interest ruined, and hopes were
confidently expressed that it would be responded
to by every farmer and landlord throughout the
kingdom. The Waltham meeting, however, has
dissipated all these expectations. The homely
phrase, " whose afraid ?" so appropriately used
by his Grace, is urged as a proof of ignorance.
This venerable Tory is-treated with as little re-
spect as the lowest "clodhopper ;" and even the
friendly expressions of respect and esteem which
passed between him and the American• Minister
are turned into ridicule. _ This shoWS very
bad taste, and little consistency iii those
parties who profess such a love for
peace, and occasionally • describe in such
glowing colours the horrors. of war. But rage is
a very bad counsellor, and often induces men to
speak and to write what they would be ashamed
of in their sober moments. After all, what did
his Grace say that could give offence to any hu-
man being ? It amounts to this, that he had no
fear for the agricultural interest, that it was his
anxious wish that the poor should have food in
abundance, and that the farmers must bestir
themselves, in order to compete with foreigners.
These are nearly- the words used by the Marquis
of TWEEDDALE, when he told the English land-
lords that the repeal of the Corn-laws was a
mere bugbear, and that with skill and energy
they might set foreigners at defiance. We beat
them in manufactures, in trade and commerce,
in forming and governing colonies, and it is sin-
gular that we should be afraid to meet them on
equal terms in one art, for which this country
bas long been famous. All the restrictions
claimed by the pretended friends of the farmer
are only injurious as they encourage sluggishness,
check improvements, and make him trust, not to
himself, but to the aid and protection of others.
Experience, however, is better than theory, and
we may therefore cite an instance in point. The
tenants of a noble family in Scotland were con-
spicuous for being behind all their neighbours in
improvements, while they paid only about half
the rent paid by others. Thirty years ago, the
rents were raised. Some of the old-fashioned
hands that would not march with the age, were
turned out, and both landlord and tenant have
greatly profited by the change. This is a fact
that can be easily ascertained.

Some of the Paris journals are quite in a fever
of joy, because, as they say, the American Go-
vernment has declared in a note to the French
Government, that it could not, and would not, at
any time, or for any cause, permit a foreign na-
don to share the right of sovereignty on board
of an American vessel. We hardly know what
is meant by " sharing" the right of sovereignty,
unless it refer to the proposition. made in The San,
that American ships should be visited by their own
officers, in conjunction with ours, embarked on
hoard English men-of-war. The ignorance, how-
ever, or the forgetfulness, ofour brotherjournalists
on the other side of the Channel, to make much
out of this declaration, real or pretended, of the
American Government, is quite amusing. They
regard it as something new, as a victory gained by
thv Americans over the English ; and they say
that " it will be quite impossible for M. GuIZOT
to submit,for France, to obligations which England
has admitted that America has a right to decline
in regard to her own person." Why, England
has always admitted the same thing, and has '
therefore sought, but sought in vain, to make the
Americans consent to a mutual right of search.
The Americans have never held any different
language, nor acted in any other manner. They
have resolutely refused from the first to allow
English men-of-war to visit their merchant ships,
and as resolutely have they refused to enter into
any treaties granting a reciprocal right of search.
Both by words and deeds the Americans have
declared, ever since the question of visiting ships
to prevent the slave trade was mooted, that they
would not share the sovereignty of American
vessels with any Power whatever. For the
French journals to speak of this declaration as
something new, which ought to have a powerful
influence on the conduct of the French Govern-
ment, is sheer forgetfulness, if it be not an al),
surdity.

France has long held different language, and
acted in a different manner. Being well ac-
quainted with the conduct and language of the
States, she has entered into treaties with Eng-
land, granting a mutual right of search, within
certain latitudes, for the prevention of the slave
trade, and can have no motives now for break-
ing those treaties which did not exist before the
supposed declaration was made. She may, it'
she think fit, separate herself from Eng-
land in the benevolent crusade which the
latter has undertaken against the horrible crime,
the piracy, of stealing the Africans; but let her not
in doing S 3 assign motives for her conduct which
du not exist. Let France and Frenchmen avow
that their jealousy of England is so insurmount-
able that it prevents them from ever cordially
uniting with England in the most humane, and
perhaps the noblest, undertaking that ever
confederated Governments engaged in. They
have too often been allied to rob and plunder the
weak and the helpless; in this case—however
visionary some persons may call their attempts—
they are allied to suppress one of the darkest
curses that disfigures the humanity of our com-
mon nature.

We learn from Vienna that Prince MICHAEL
and his family had, on the 15th, been declared to
have forfeited all right to the sovereignty of
Servia, in a general assembly of the chiefs of tile
Servian nation, and that ALEXANDER PETRO-
WITSCH, aged 18 (the son of CZERNY GEORGE),
a protege of Russia, had been elected by acela-
!nation in his stead. KIAMIL PACHA, Governor
of Belgrade, and CHEKIB EFFENDI, the Otto-
mon Commissioner, had given their sanction to
this resolution ; and Tatars had been immedi..
ately despatched to Constantinople for the fete a
or act of deposition of Prince MICHAEL, and the
hatti-seheriff appointing the new sovereign of
Servia.

A number of arrests had been made at Bel-
grade, Particularly among the officers; who, not
considering- themselves .relieved from their alle-
giance to
.Prince MICHAEL, refused to take the
oath to the Provisional Government.
The Frankfort Journal of the 26th ult. states,
that during tile visit paid by the Archduke JOHN
of A USTRIA
.on the 22d to the exhibition of the
products of industry at Mentz, one of the manu-
facturers remin, led the Prince of a toast he had
proposed on a rt •eent occasion, viz., " No Austria,
/10 Prussia, but. one Germany only!" and sug-
gested the expediency of encouraging the -union
1
of Germany in a manufacturing, as well as poli-
tical, point of N iew, in order that all Germans
engaged in ind ustrial pursuits might contribute
in common to a 2 end so noble as that of promot-
ing.o! Germany. The Archduke
replied,
project s only just coming into I
lie thed, p
„ ro
isTeeri ty i
operation; the xransition will be difficult; but

once effected, it will render the bond of the Ger-

man union indissoluble."

Our accounts from Madrid of the 21st ult.
state that the greatest activity prevailed in all the
naval arsenals, and, notwithstanding the deplo-
rable condition of the military navy, three ex-
peditions were shortly to sail from the ports of
Spain.
The Five per Cents. sold on the 21st for 261,
at GO days; and 27i, with premium, and 27i,
with I, at 60 days; and the floating debt for 41,
at 60 days, with the coupons due.

-We have received the Paris Papers. The CO7ll-

coerce has another article on the right of search,
in which it states that a communication has
been made by the American Government to
the French Legation at Washington, declaring
that at no time, and under no circumstances,
shall a foreign nation be permitted to share the
right of sovereignty on board American vessels.
This supposed communication rests solely on the
letter of a Correspondent at Washington. The
intelligence in the papers generally is of little
interest.
The Tonlonnais of the 25th ult. contains ac-
counts from Algiers of the 20th, stating that the
Kabyles of the East were making preparations
to oppose a vigorOus resistance to the French
column about to march from Algiers into the
mountains. They were, it appears,
,fully aware
of the intentions of the latter, and amply pro-
vided with arms and ammunition. General
BUGEAUD was to set out on that expedition
about the 30th, with a corps of five. thou-
sand men, and to proceed across the ter-
ritory of the Issers. The tribe of the
Flittas having revolted against the French,
General D'ARBOUVILLE marched from Mostaga-
nem for the purpose of chastising them, but
meeting with an unexpected resistance he was
obliged to retrace his steps, and returned to Mos-
taganem with a loss of 50 men. In the East the

camp of Setif had been attacked by several of
the neighbouring tribes, who were repulsed, after
a smart engagement, in which the besieged had
one officer and five men killed, and: four officers
and 50 sub-officers and soldiers wounded. • •
The German papers corroborate the news-of
the deposition of Prince MICHAEL of Servia in
an assembly called by notables and senators at
Belgrade, and numbering 12,000 Servians.
The King of PRUSSIA has promised an exten-
sion of municipal liberty to the Rhenish towns.
There is but one article in the Paris journals of
Thursday morning of public interest—it is from
the Presse, on the official tables just published
by the Government. This journal says :
The Government report of the merchandise brought
into France during the month of August is worthy
of observation in more than one point. 'We first re-
mark the following interesting fact. The ordonnance
of June 26, concerning linen cloths and threads, ap-
pears to have had a serious effect. The imports from
England may be said to have been entirely suppressed
during, the month ; for it is probable that all, or very
nearly all, the thread entered came from Belgium,
which is so much favoured by the tariff. The differ-
ence in the imports between the two last months is
enormous. In July, the entries amounted to 1,319,600
kilogrammes of thread, while in August they were no
more than 413,949 kilos.—a diminution of nearly two-
thirds. During three years, the monthly importa-
tion was only twice below this sum, viz., in December,
1840, and June, 1841. With these two exceptions,
it was much above, and, during the present year, has
uniformly exceeded 1,000,000 kilos. This result
proves that the ordonnance of June 26 has produced
a very great relief to our linen manufactories. On
the other hand, it is not true that the restriction on
the importation of English thread has been injurious
to our weavers. The returns now published furnish
an unanswerable argument on this point. Although
the quantity of thread brought in during the last
month was comparatively very small, even that has
not been brought into use ; for about one-half of it
still remains in the bonding warehouses. This is an
evident proof that our weavers have no great need of
English thread, and that the ordonnance of
June 26, has done little more than rejected
an overplus. The import of cloths increased
during August, but Belgium probably has
had the benefit of the difference ; showing how
advantageous this exception in her favour has been to
her, and that it ought to have made her grateful to
instead of being so eager to court Germany, which as
yet ;has never made her any concession by way of
compensation. The importations of coal and cast
iron having sensibly diminished. We have received
from abroad during the last month only 83,037 tons
of this fuel; whereas in July there were brought in
nearly 210,000 tons. Nevertheless, taking things in
the mass, it cannot be denied that neighbouring coun-
tries have had a large share in our supplies of coal.
During the first eight months of the current year,
they sent into France more than 1,200,000 tons, and
there is every reason to conclude that by the end of
the year, this quantity will amount to 2,000,000 tons.
Thus the mass of foreign coal thrown into our markets
will be equal to two-thirds of that drawn from our
native mines. Hence it will be ,seen that our tariffs
cannot with any justice be called too rigorous. The
amount of our importation of cast-iron since the com-
mencothent'of the year is 22,614 tons. On a compa-
rison between those of July and August, there appears
to have been a reduction of two-thirds ; .still there is
no doubt that the gross quantity for the year will be
at least 30,000 tons. Belgium again has the largest
share in this important article of consumption ; in
this, as well as in linen cloths and thread, she has an
allowance in her favour, paying a duty of only 4f.,
when England is made to pay 7f. The receipts of the
treasury during the last month were 8,835,650 f.
This gives a presumptive amount for the year of
106,000,000 f. • The total for the eight months which
have elapsed is 70,525,628 f. The probable receipt
under the head of Customs was, put down in the
budget for 1842 at 123,629,000 f. The table published
by the Government includes only the principal ar-
ticles of merchandise, and therefore there is every
reason to expect that there will be a considerable sur-
plus over the estimates."
The following are the only other extracts from
the papers of the slightest importance :
A letter from Vienna, Sept. 18, in the Journal de
Franefort, says :—" The negotiations for a treaty of
commerce between Austria and England are nearly
terminated. Prince Metternich is said to have
adopted the bases on which they have been conducted.
I)eutz has quitted France. The police, wearied
out by his solicitations and his untoward presence,
have passed him on to Rochefort, where he has been
placed on board a vessel, to be taken to America at
the expense of the State. This wretch has dissipated
the price of his crime in luxurious expenses, and at
the gaming houses of Germany. The necessity he felt
of stifling the voice of conscience had plunged him in
drunkenness, and brandy not being powerful 'enough,
he was obliged to have recourse to spirits of wine.
Not long since he was so steeped in want that he sold
his silver spectacles—his last resource, and was glad
to accept the same fate as was offered to Meunier, who
had attempted to assassinate Louis Philippe.—La
France.

A. letter from Calais, dated yesterday, has reached
us, which states that a dreadful storm had raged in
the Channel for 24 hours, and that the Swedish ship
the Delphine, Captain Wigberck, of Stockholm, last
from Hull, with a cargo of coals, bound for Pernam •
buco, has been wrecked on the coast about three leagues
from Calais. The vessel was totally lost, and the
Captain and cabin-boy were drowned. Ten others,
composing the crew, were by great exertions brought
ashore in a very exhausted state.
The Courrier de Lyon of Wednesday states that the
Rhone was rising with such rapidity, in consequence
of the contined fall of rain, that great fears were en-
tertained of another inundation. A small bridge above
Lyons was carried away on Wednesday morning.
The Consti tutionnel says :—" The elections which
have just taken place, leave the numerical strength of
parties in the Chamber in exactly the same position us
they were before the returns were made. If the Mi-
nistry have gained a vote at Bernay, they have lost
one at Nogent-le-Rotrou, and the success of M. Le-
prevost scarcely consoles its patrons for the failure of
M. Delessert."

BOURSE-PARIS, WIDNF.SDAY, SEPT. 28.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents. 118 75... 118 80... 118 70... 118 70
4tjY per Cents 106 50... 106 50... 106 50... 106 50
3 per Cents 80 10... 80 10... 80 80 10
Laffitte Bank I,ooof 1037 50 —1037 50...1037 50...1037 50
Belgian Fives 104% ... 104% ... 104% ... 104%
1840 105% ... 1054 105% ... 105%
Spanish Active ... 22% ... 214 ... 215
Portuguese Fives 291 ••• 291 ... 295 ... 295
Neapolitan lO7 40... 107 45... 107 35... 107 45
Roman

RAILWAY SHARES.
St. Germain B4O ... 840 840 840
Versailles, R.B ...... 255 ... 255 ... 253 75... 253 75
L.B 9B 75... 100 ... 98 75... 100
Rouen
Orleans. 582 50... 582 50... 582 50... 582 50
Strasburg to Bale 206 25... 206 :5... 205 ... 205