The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-22 00:00:00

SUMMARY OP NEWS

AND
ittb isptaton.

" Who runs may read.'

FOREIGN.
Caubul has been taken, and the British flag again
waves over the Balla liis.sar.

Official dispatches announcing the success of our
arms in that quarter, and also the conclusion of peace
with China, will be found in another part of the paper,
but they are of too much importance to be abridged.
The payment of the money due by the Chinese is,
it is stated, to be effected in the following manner :
Immediate payment, 6,000,000 ; in 1843, 6,000,000 ;
in 1844, 5) 000 000 in 1845, 4,000,000.

The Minister of Public Instruction in France has
ordered a course of superior primary instruction to be
annexed to the colleges of 19 towns, which have no
superior primary schools.
The King of the Two Sicilies has left Naples al-
most suddenly to go to Sicily. He arrived at Pa-
lermo on the 4th.

Cardinal Rivarola, the Senior of the College of
Cardinals, died at Rome on the Bth instant, at the
age of 84.
An attempt was made by a Commissary of Police
at Geneva, on the 16th, to arrest M. Lecompte, of
the Journal de Geneve, but it was not successful.
A letter from Hesse Cassel states that the Govern-
ments interested in the railway from that place to
Frankfort have decided that it shall pass by Mar-
burg, Giessen, Butzback, and Friedberg.
A project is talked of in Sweden which proposes to
unite, by means of a canal, the Gulf of Finland with
the numerous lakes and rivers of the interior over a
surface of a thousand square leagues. The plans have
already been prepared by Baron General Rosen-
kampf, the head of the department of roads, canals,
bridges, &c.
Queen Christina held a levee on Saturday, on the
occasion of her daughter's fete. On the same morning
her Majesty stood godmother to a son of Lieutenant-
General Don Francisco Narvaez, Count de Yumurry,
formerly the Minister of War.

The Africaine frigate left Brest on the 18th, and
is to proceed successively to Senegal, to Cayenne, and
to the Antilles.

ST. PETERSBURGH, Nov. 10.—Genera Neidhart is
appointed to the command of the detached corps in
the Caucasus, in the room of General Golowine, and
Governor-General of the Transcaucasian provinces.
COPENHAGEN, Nov. 14.—The. King, has purchased
the chateau and estate of Bern4,orff, near Copenhagen,
for 100,000 rix-dollars. It is said ,tp be intended for
Prince Frederick Ferdinand, his Majesty's brother.

PUBLIC OPINION.
The Chronicle remarks, in reference to the news
from China :—" Up to the hour of our going to press
we had received no details of the important intelligence
from China, published by the French Ministerial
paper, and which appeared in the Chronicle yesterday.
There can, we apprehend, be no doubt that this intel-
ligence is authentic. Until, however, we are in pos-
session of fuller accounts, it is impossible to offer an
opinion upon the details of the arrangement which
has been concluded. Speaking generally, however, it
seems both highly honourable and advantageous, such
as to justify fully the satisfaction with which it has been
received by all classes. One thing, however, is very clear,
that such a peace as this cannot be ratified by the pre-
sent Government without involving the strongest cen-
sure ever pronounced by a party upon its own conduct.
By the first article, China consents to pay in three
years twenty-one millions of dollars. For what ? Is
it as indemnity for the loss of the opium, or for the
expenses of the war, or for both ? How can a Cabinet,
of which Graham, Gladstone, and Peel are Members,
accept indemnity for an act which they pro-
nounced to be justifiable ? How can they ac-
cept. indemnity for the expenses of a war
they denounced as being "unjust and iniquitous?"
The motion which Sir James Graham brought for-
ward, in 1840, was either a factious attack upon the
Whig Government or a sincere expression of the
opinions of the Opposition. The imputation of fac-
tious motives was, however, indignantly repudiated
by the whole party. In what other light, then, can
this peace, concluded by those who originated and
supported that motion, be regarded than as the bar-
gain of a highwayman with an unarmed traveller ?
As such was this war stigmatised by the Tory party
when that party was in opposition."
The Post thus refers to the Chinese news :—" Sup-
posing the information to be all correct—supposing
that an authorised representative of the Chinese has
agreed to the conditions, and that they should be re-
cognised by the Imperial Government—what should
be our sentiments with eegard to those who plunged
us into the war ? We have escaped, let us presume,
many and incalculable calamities, that might very
probably meet us in every step of the " dash on Pe-
kin," which was spoken of as a very easy matter,' but
found to be a very difficult one. What then ? Would
we, or would we not, have stood more firm*, more
safely, for all the fair purposes of commuitcation
with China, if we had not massacred them by thou-
sands—for no better original object than that of com-
pelling them to eat opium? What means the flit-
ting to and fro of those French and American men-
of-war, formerly so rarely met with in the Chinese
seas ? Have we, or have we not, opened up, in the
breasts of two of the most active, restless, and jealous
nations in the world, a spirit of curiosity; of inquiry,
and of incipient interference with all things Oriental,
that may be found not to harmonise well with the
ramified working of our own objects and interests in
that part of the world ? It is well, very well, if the
war is put a stop to. It was a war which, if followed
out to its ultimate consequences, would have spread
anarchy amongst a people possessing none of the con-
stituent elements for establishing an orderly system
of any kind on the ruins of that of which they should
be deprived. Such would be the fruit of success.'
Misery to scores of millions, and no real advantage
gained for ourselves. But this is the brighter side of
the picture. Could we have been thus successful ?
The opinions of many who were engaged in the expe-
dition is all the other way."

The Times, speaking ;f the news from China, says
—lt must be with mixed feelings that we record the
success of our country in a quarrel which we have
never been able to believe just ; but still, on the whole,
we hear with lively satisfaction that peace is concluded
with China. The advantages reaped by England in
this treaty are considerable. Besides the opening of
five Chinese ports to English commerce, the island
of Hong Kong is ceded for ever to the British Crown,
a sum of 21,000,000 dol. (the expenses, we presume,
of the war, and the losses of the opium merchants) is
(it is said) to be paid in the course of three years,
and the islands of Chusan and Golong-Soo are to be
held as pledges for the payment of this sum. These
are the important clauses of the final arrange-
ments. The labouring finances of India will doubt
less feel most advantageously the cessation of this
heavy drain on her resources, and the return of the
hard cash already expended ; the trade of England
may receive some impulse from these four additional
inlets to the 300,000,000 consumers of China; and
the memory of the barbarian rottinger, his gunnery,
and his bayonets, are likely to preserve for our com-
merce those respectable terms on which it will now
be established. It is difficult to calculate the degree
of ratiocination of which his Celestial Majesty may
be master, but it can scarce be doubted that his con-'
ceptions of foreign and especially of British power
must have been very materially enlarged, and his in-
' disposition to provoke its exertion proportionably
increased. We hope, for the sakes of all, that the
childish want of understanding and steadiness whirl
we are in the habit of considering a Chinese charac -
teristic, may not render them more accessible to an
unwise, though we can scarce say unnatural irritatiox I,
than to a well-founded and prudent fear."
The Herald refers as follows to the same subject :

—" The conclusion of hostilities with China is ;net tel.
of national congratulation ; it withdraws us from. a
contest in which all military success was tarnished by
the vicious and criminal origin of war; it prevents a ,
wretched effusion of blood and loss of life; it has a.
tendency to prevent the immersion of the Celestial 1
Empire in the maelstrom of European policy ar d
state-craft ;it closes one source of our increased e:
penditure, and it will probably beget new markets f Jr
our fabrics. The terms, too, on which hostilities are
concluded are favourable ; the cost of the war has to
fall on the originally injured country; a new pos:;e ;-
sion—Hong-Kong, commanding the entrance of tie
Canton River, is added to the dominions of the Bri tisit
Crown ; four new ports are opened to our comme; ve;
our envoys and officers are to be treated as the rei )re-
sentatives of a great Sovereign ; all prisoners are. its
be restored ; an amnesty is to be granted, and tsi o
islands are to be held as pledges until the money cm -
sideration of this settlement is discharged withi n
three years. We rejoice that the detestable contest: is
closed, that it has closed on terms not disgraceful 1 o
our national renown."

BICONET-TRADE-COMMERCE.
From the increased poor's-rate which has la, yen
levied, it would appear that the distress in Leeds has
increased. The demand for woollen and cotton go. oda
in the home market is greater, however, than bef ore
the harvest.
NAVAL AND
Lieutenant-General Sir Hudson Lowe has 'beat
the 50th Regimens
appointed to the Colonelcy of