The Sun.
London, England, 1842-06-18 00:00:00

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.

The Nr bility, Gentry, Subscrib,r3, anti the Public, are respectiblly
informed tk at

ON MONDAYS, TI:E.YstIAYS. AND TliUltsDAY.,
GRAND EVENING FETES will be given, in which will be en,
balled all those popular Enterti,iinnentg that have given to this favou-
i.te placv of recreation its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in.
rocfictions, which render them more generally attractive.
The MENAGERIE has been enriched by many valuable and im-
portant acquisitions in the clas.e of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
leealing Time Five o'clock
The Colossal VIEW OF BOME has been repainted, and in some
instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Table.o d'action, repre-
senting the Procession of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Nriril;-0, to the Castle of St
Th, BAN D includes some of the roost eminent Performers, con.
ducted by Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES
N sIC A LES selectedf rum the noblest works of the great Masters.
The ILLUMINATIONof ST. PETER'S, the CROSS of FIRE,
and the 61RM:11:IOLA •of ST. A NGEI.O, with all the gorgeous
Sp,vtacte:i and magnifieent Introductions that have called forth ac-
cismmations of delight and admiration on each evening of their ex.
hibnion, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour,
the CASC I.IJE of BRILLIANT FIRE, SIX I Y FEET in height.
The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The Evening
Fetes, with the Promenades Musicales, Illumination of St. Peter's,
Girandola of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays,
ar:4l i'hursdays. Admission One Shilling.

THE WEATHEIL—Noori, JUNE 17.
R.)," A L. GALLERY OF SCIENCE, ADELAIDE-STREFT.
Thrrmometer.... 61 ) Highest GJ j Lowest 52

Barolneier 30.1:3.—Wind

;It(iii WATER AT LONDON BRIDGF. THIS DAY.
~,,ruing

all Advertisements of a Disgusting Character,
o Immoral Tendency, are excluded from
tisz- Columns of "The Sun."

mons sends up to them, required great honesty and great
boldness in their Lordships. It might be vulgar to call
the Lords the cads of the Commons, but it was made
plain, by the debate of last night, that wherever the
Commons choose to drive, the Lords must follow.

We regretted very much to hear Lord BROUGHAM
most elaborately defend, last night, the discriminating
and prohibitory duty on sugar, on the ground that to
remove it would encourage the importation of slave-
grown sugar and the slave trade. Admitting that, we
roust beg leave to repeat our opinion that the Legisla-
ture is not now justified in withholding food, which
sugar is, from our own people, on any such speculative
apprehensions. Our own people are, or at least ought
to be, the first consideration with the Legislature, and if
it inflict the smallest injury on them, with a view to benefi!
the Africans, it violates its duty to perform an act of su-
pern.:atory charity. To be generous to strangers it
tramples our people under foot. But. we do not admit
that the abolition of the diseriminatlng duties
would encourage the slave trade ; and we must, there-
fore, express our decided, bat respectful, dissent from
Lord BROUGHAM'S view.

The general distress has suggested the recommenda
tion to Government immediately to permit all the corn
now in bond to be released free of duty. This seems to
us advisable. It is now almost certain, that all that corn
will be brought in at next to a nomiaal duty before the new
harvest comes to market. Almost all the cornin the coun-
try is now in the hands of corn• dealers ; they can regu-
late the supply almost as they please, and they, would
be arrant fools if they did not so regulate. it as to put all
the duty in their pockets. Suppose that there is now
1,000,000 quarters of wheat in bond—the duty
it now 11s., and the law therefore actually
holds out to the corn dealers a -bonus of 500,0001.
to keep that wheat froth the market till the duty be 1s-
They are, we have no doubt, endeavouring to accom-
plish that, and we have heard that circularS recommend
lug the holders of foreign corn to follow. that course Of
conduct, and pointing out its certain success, have been
issued. Nothing, we further believ'e,: but an extraor•
dinarily early harvest can prevent the speculators from
obtaining their object. With this almost moral certainty
of their success before Sir R. PEEL'S- eyes, he would do
the suffering and starving people a great service by
at once permitting that ( orn to• be imported
free of duty. By so doing the people will be spared six
weeks' suffering, and the farmers will receive Lo injury
whatever. On the contrary, it will benefit thern. By
witholding this corn to the last moment, and famishing.
the people in the meantime, the prices will fall more when
it is all brought in, and probably brought in just in con-
junction with our own harvest, than if it were at once
to be introduced and gradually consumed before our own
harvest is ripe. We hope that Sir R. PEEL will think of
this, and confer this immense advantage on the people,
Nvhic.h will cause no ultimate loss to the revenue, and in-
flict no injury on the agriculturist.

Distress to a most fearful extent prevails throughout
Ireland. From every part of that unhappy country ac-
counts reach us of the prevalence of famine among the
peasantry. This has attained such a height that all re-
gard for the rights of property is fast disappearing, and
the people assemble in hundreds openly to violate the last
A few days ago we had to record a massacre in Ennis,.
in the county of Clare, occasioned by the scarcity
of provisions there. The Dublin Pilot of Wednesday
contains the following account of an almost similar scene,
attended, however, with less disastrous results, at Gal-
way. The same Journal states that on that day Sir
VALENTINE BLAKE waited on the LORD LIEUTENANT,
at Dublin Castle, to solicit assistance for the poor people,
and was answered that the subject would receive hit,
Excellency's best consideration.

"DREADFUL RIOTS IN GALWAY-CALLING OUT
AND RETREAT OF THE MILITARY.

" Just as we were going to press we were favoured with the
following extract from a private letter from Galway, received
in town this morning, from which it will be seen that at the
date of the letter (Tuesday, June 14), the town was completely
in the hands of the population :
" Nothing can exceed the dreadful excitement here at pre-
sent, in consequence of the high price of provisions. During the
whole of yesterday the town was perambulated by large bodies of
fishermen, labourers, women, and boys. There was scarcely a
store in the town, in which potatoes were thought to be kept, that
was not broken open. The military and police were called out to
check the people, but were obliged by overwhelming numbers
to retreat to their respective barracks. The inhabitants were
in constant apprehension that some of the unfortunate people's
lives would be taken, as the commander of the military
threatened several times to fire unless they desisted from fling-
ing stones ; but, though he had the Riot Act in his hand, be
did net fulfil his threat, in consequence of the interference
of several gentlemen of the town. At night the whole
town was illuminated to celebrate the triumph o
the destitute population. Though their conduct can-
not be justified, still it must be admitted that they had
considerable provocation, as potatoes were raised in the morn-
ing to the enormous price of eightpence per stone. The great
majority, however, through want of employment, would be
unable to purchase potatoes were they even to be had at one
penny per stone ! You will see by this to what a state of des-
titution the immense population of this place is reduced—all
because the Government have refrained from adopting those
measures which would revive the trade of Galway, and give
employment to the whale population. Had they adopted the
suggestions of our representatives, of making Galway the packet
station, none of the existing evia would prevail."'

Only six votes were given on Thursday in support of Mr.
FErtaaNn's motion for granting a million sterling to re-
lieve the distress of the country. GOD help the poor,
they find no abler advocate than the Hon. Member for
Knareshorough. Whatever credit he may have with
the country, he has none with the House of Commons—
none even with Sir ROBERT PEEL. The Liberals almost
to a man—including such staunch Reformers as Mr.
VILLIERS, Mr. WALLACE, and Mr. WILLIAMS—voted
against a motion which it was clear to the House was
:only brought forward for factious purposes. Mr. FER-
RAND has but one object in view, and that is to excite a
rising of the manufacturing classes against their em-
ployers. He is a political incendiary, envious of the
notoriety of FRAMES O'CONNOR, and seeking to obtain
it by means• more unscrupulous than ever were em-
ployed by that self-constituted champion of the Work-
ing classes. It will, therefore, excite no surprise to
find all parties uniting to reject any measure proposed
sty him. Besides, it is not charity, but employment, that.
is wanted by the working classes. Repeal the Corn-
laws, that they may have cheap food, and abolish those
monopolies, which restrict theextension of our commerce,
and the people of England will stand in no need of either
public or private charity. All they want is work, and
work they can have in abundance, if the Legislature will
only cease to protect class interests at their expense,
Mr. FERRAND, and others of his class, pauperize the
country with Corn laws, and then court popularity by
treating the victims of such laws as paupers. This is
aiding insult to the cruelest injury.
We admit that there may be cases—extreme cases--
in which it may he the duty of the Government to ad-
v7,nce utostv.y to relieve lucid distress. Where the
people are visited by pestilence, or the ravages of fire,
it may he just, proper, and merciful to alleviate the
misery thereby occasioned out of the taxes of the State ;
but general distress calls for a far different remedy. The
evil in such a case is invariably created by what is called
protective legislation—that is to say, legislation fur a
particular class, at the expense of the community.
All parties in the House of Commons regard the Hon.
Member far linaresborough as a Parliamentary nuisance.
Not a syllable now uttered by him is credited by any per-
sJn. His speech of Thursday night did not elicit a single
cheer from any part of the House, although it was fun
of the bitterest abuse of the manufacturers. Mr. FER-
RAND has had his day, and must henceforth content him-
self with being a political non-entity.

There is no political news in the French Journals of
Wednesday. The following extracts from them are of
sona interest to the general reader:—

The National states that several of the wine-growers of
Bordeaux, having been unable to pay their taxes, have been dis-
trained upon, their cattle and furniture being seized in prefer-
ence to their stock of wine on hand.

We find the following in the Presse, in allusion to the Go-
vernment despatch from Bayonne, announcing the parties who
are expected to compose the new Spanish Ministry:—" For
the clear understanding of this intelligence, it is necessary to
observe that the name of Ramon, given as one of the candi-
dates, is only the christian name of Calatrava, brother of him
who was at the head of the Spanish Ministry in 1836. The
name of Labolada is not that of any Spanish political man,
and is, no doubt, meant to designate Laborde. These ex-
planations given, the following will unquestionably be the
manner in which the portfolios will be distributed, if this com-
bination announced be actually formed, viz., that of War,
to Rodil ; of Foreign Affairs, to Connt Almodovar ; of Jus-
tice, to Landero ; of Finances, to Ramon Calatrava; of the
Interior, to Laborda ; of the Marine, to General Capaz ; of
the Colonies, to Vadillo, a new Minister, or rather a restoration
fro the Con,tituttonal Government of 1821 None of these
per,onages belong to the coalition Lshich overturned the Ca-
binet of Gonzales, none of them has any influence in the
Chambers, none of them took active or direct part in the re-
volution of September, a qualification fur passer deemed a
rine qua non in the eyes of the new majority. To us it ap-
rears to be impossible that such a Cabinet should not he either
compelled to retire on the first hostile manifestation of the
Cortes, or resort to a dissolution."
A letter from Tletncen, June 2, in the Constitutionnel,
states that not the slightest oppositkri had been offered to
General Bugeaud since his late combat. The news of his ap-
proach was alone sufficient to disperse considerable numbers of
Arabs. A bd-el-Kader, hearing that the tribe of the Beni-
Ilourni had some intention of submitting, repaired suddenly to
their viilage on the 31st ult., and gave a dreadful example of
severity, decapitating 20, taking away 20 more as hostages,
and levying a heavy . contribution. He departed imme_
diately, declaring that on the slightest appearance of treachery,
he would return and punish them still more severely. The
Emir had published a paper which he declared to be prophetic,
and which he got distributed by a fool who was looked on as
inspired. This document promises the speedy extermination
of the French by a great Prince of the line of Omar, who, of
course, is to be Abd-el-Kader himself. The letter from Tlemcen
adds that the Emir was in great want of money, not having
enough to pay his personal followers.
Felipo, the bandit of Catalonia, says the Emancipation of
Tonlouse of the I Ith inst., entered at mid-day on the 3d inst.
the Old alibied town of Ripoil at the head of 60 men, and seized

the alcalde, the captain of the militia, and several merchants
and other persons of wealth, after disarming a post of 14 men
whicli formed the whole of the garrison. The post of Camo-
devanol being informed of the proceeding, immediately came to
Ripoil by a breed march, but Felipo, on its approach, made.
eff with his captives in the direction of Vallespirans. .
We have received the following letter :-
- TLEMCEN, JUNE 2.—We have made many excursions of no
importance since my last. The enemy has everywhere given
way, and has often testified his peaceful intentions by bringing
in provisions. General Bedeau, since his last combats, has
inspired the people of the extreme frontier with terror. The
news of his approach have sufficed to disperse considerable
bodies which would formerly have opposed us.
A great deal has been said of the approaching submission of
the Angead, or at least of the great family of the Angead
governed by Sidi-Ben-Karach, for a great portion of that
famous tribe has already followed the Sultan Sidi-el-Chig-ir,
and joined our ranks. if this defection should take place the
Emir will find it impossible to keep the field in the country of
Tlemcen, for he will not have a single friend there. Accord-
, ingly he has endeavoured to proceed by a signal example of ven
geance and severity. The Beni-Hourni, having some intention of
submitting, and having caused negotiations to be opened with the
General, Aid-el-Kader, repaired in all haste, on the night (.1.
the 31st of last month, to the territory of those unfortunate
people; caused twenty of them to be beheaded, levied a heavy
contribution, and carried away twenty hostages, threatening
! that on the slightest treachery of which he should be informed,
Ihe would return and punish them more severely. These acts
of cruelty may destroy a little the projects of the Arabs, but
they will entirely and inviolab'y attach our allies to us. The
Emir, in the utmost difficulty of procuring money to pay the few
adherents that remain Wallin to him, endeavours to make an
impression on the people's minds by publishing a paper, which
he declares to be prophetic, and which he has caused to be dis-
tributed by a fool who was looked on as inspired. This docu-
ment promises the speedy extermination of the French by a
great Prince of the line of Omer, who, of course, is to be Abd-
el.Kader himself.— Constitutiounel.
BOURSE—PawIs, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 15.

First Highest Lowest i.ast
Price .
french 5 per Cants ll9 65 1!9 65 119 45 . 119 50
4per Cents. ...... 101 75 ... 101 75 ... 101 7 5 ... 101 75
3per 79 75 . 79 75 ~ 79 6i 79 73
Bank of Prance
I.aftltte Pa •0k 1,0001. Stares 1052 50 —lo'2 50 .1052 .0 —lO 2 f-. 0
deikrign
tSelgian 5 per Cents.
,tir‘., 1940 10514 ... 10554 ... 10 .. Ics
Dutch per Cents
Spanish Arrive 23% 25% ... 235,, 4.. 23.5,
... ... ..
Por..ugiu,se per k.cfltr. lll% 31% Tls 31%
144politan: lO5 1.5 105 it
31 man.... 1035i —1003 k 10354 .. 103!4

RAILWAY SHARES.
feessillrs.* P.
CB
11,u sn 517 50 ... 517 50 ... 515 ... 515
Orleans
Strasburg to 8a1e...
mELGI AN 1, U NDS—Bausso.s, JUNE 15
Actual Debt, 2% per Cent.
Rothschild's Lean, 5 per Cent 10:17i
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent. tass
------- 3 per Cent. —
Thirty .seven------ •. 72
—..--....--------(1340) lO4
Loan of City, 1232, 4 per Cent '3
Society et Conncree, 4 Yoper Cent Ffi
dank of Belgium, 5 per Cent ..... .........- 77
National S.ciety —
Exchange on Londfaq (short) .... -
-Brussels Papers, June 15.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, JUNE 7,
five par Costs. Metalllques
Four per Cents. I 04,
Three per Cents.
Bank Shares ..

THE MORNING POST AND THE "ESTABLISHED IIA-
BITS" PRINCIPLE OF LEGISLATION.—The Moreiey Pest
observes, in an article on the subject of the Tariff
changes —" The theorist who legislates in disregard of
established habits, legislates in disregard of the creature
for whom he is legislating, to wit, man." This is as
ultra-Tory doctrine worthy even of an Eldon, and such
as that staunch advocate of the stand-still principle
of Government would have recognised as the most exalted
of truths. It will not, however, bear an instant's con•
sideration ; indeed its gross absurdity must be obvious
to the most ordinary capacity. Ifad it ever been
seriously maintained and persevered in as a principle (se
legislation, not one of the great social and political
changes that have taken place within the last three or
four centuries, could possibly have occurred. It was in
" disregard of established habits" that the Reformation
was effected in England, and Popery, with all its super-
stitious observances, trampled under foot. It was in
" disregard of established habits" that witchcraft was abo-
lished, and o:d women freed from the apprehensions of
being " done to a turn" over a slow fire, for their presumed
intercourse with Satan. It was in "disregard of established
habits" that James the Second, the rightful occupier orate
throne, was ceshiered, and the alien William called tAi
the throne of England. Coining down to a later period,
we may add, that it was in " disregard of established
habits" that the Test and Corporation Acts were re-
pealed, Catholic Emancipation granted, hanging for
forgery abolished, the statute law revised by Sir Robeet
Peel, and the new police system introduced into the me -
tropolis and elsewhere. In fact, every beneficial reform
that has been effected since the country was blessed Si ith
a Constitution, has been effected in " disregard of esta-
blished habits." To legislate in obsequious deference to
these "habits," is to put a stop to all human improve-
ment ; to countenance the monstrous hypothesis that the
national mind is incapable of progression ; and
to act on the assumption that it must ever
continue to remain in the same state of imperfect deve-
lopment in which it now is. What is steam—what, the
railway system—what, the spinning-jenny, and the
hundred other scientific and mechanical discoveries that
have of late years conduced so much to benefit the
country ?—what are all these discoveries, but so many
bold innovations on the old order of things. effected in
utter disregard of " established habits?" If our ultra-
Tory Contemporary must needs talk nonsense, let him at
least talk such nonsense as is suited to the prejudices of
the day, and not the nonsense that belongs exclusively to
an age of barbarism.
POST-OFFICE.—OR the motion of Mr. Wellnee nume-
rous returns respecting this establishment have been laid
before Parliament, of which the Ibllowing are abstracts:
—l. The total number of eases in which persons in the
employ of the Post-office have been convicted of steal-
ing letters containing money, in England and Wales, fir
the four years ending sth January, 1840, is 52, and the
amount 1,238/. Bs. 9d. 2. The total amount of coin
and bank-notes contained in letters applied for through
the Post-offices of London, Edinburgh, end Dublin
as undelivered for the same years, was 94,936/. 165.;
namely, at the General Post-office London, 68,197/.,-
Edinburgh 1,498/., and Dublin 15,566/. The whole, or ,
nearly the whole, of this large sum, we presume, was
lost. 3. The number of persons plismissed under the
allegation of having purloined money-letters, for the
same period, in England, Scotland, and Ireland, was
110 ; namely, 74 for England, 19 for Scotland, and 17
for Ireland. 4. The number of persons who had actu-
ally defrauded the revenue department of the Post-office,
and been dismissed, during the four years mentioned,
was 28, all for the first offence.

SIikIMARY OF NEWS

AND
public ptit ton.

".W Who runs may read."

POILEIG;Z.
The 111ouileur states that the reports in circulation for some
days respecting an alleged revolt cf the natives of the pro-
vince of Constantine against the French were totally un-
founded, the Government having received no important news
from that province.
On the subject of the French erections the Journal des
Debats appears confident that the electors of Paris will retitln
their representatives in the late Chamber, and holds up as
unexceptionable characters, worthy of tlie confidence of ti .e
capital which they have so many times and so satisfactorily' re-
presented, Messrs. Jacques, I.elebre de Jussieu, and Jacque-
initiot. The Debats recommends also the new Conservative
candidates, MM. Tarbe des Sa:alons and Legentil.
La Gayenne of Bordeaux, of the llth inst. publishes the
following hst of seizures made for Government taxes in the
department of the Gironde :—" At Yquem a proprietor who
owed 700 f, for the present year, had a fleck of merino sheep
seized, which were intended for sail at the fair of Villadract.
The same proprietor had 80 hhds. of wine in cellars, which
the authorities refused to accept in payment of the taxes due.
The same process was enforeed at Sauterne, at Preignac, and
other places, where the proprietors, who were unable to con-
vert their wines into money, saw their furniture carried off by
the authorities."
The Armoricain of Brest, of the 10th inst., states that a ter-
rific hurricane burst upon that town the preceding day, which
caused much injury. Heavy claps of thunder were followed
by a fall of enormous hailstones, which broke the greater part
at the windows in the town. Some persons were killed, and
many severely wounded.
We find the following in the Droit :—" An act of insubor•.
dilation, which might have led to the most serious results,
has just taken place at Narbonne, in a detachment of artillery,
on its way to Africa. According to the report most current
it appears that the mutineers commenced by demanding the
liberty of a marechal-de-legis, who had been arrested the pre-
ceding day, and then formally refused to continue their route.
Thanks to the energy of Lieut. Pinel, the commander of the
detachment, the guilty parties were arrested to the number of
27, and lodged in the military prison at Perpignan."
PELISZIAMENTARY.
It was stated last night, in the House of Lords, that as Ire •
land was not called on by the Queen's letter to contribute to
the funds for the relief of the distressed, she would not share in
them. The Lords were engaged from five till three, in what
several Noble Lords described as a bi.otless discussion on the
Income-tax Bill. he third reading was moved by the Earl
of Ripon, who rested its necessity on the financial difficulties of
the country.
The Marquis of Lansdowne moved resolutions, setting
forth the measures of the late Whig Government as
better calculated to answer the proposed end than the
Income-tax. A long debate ensued, in which Lord Colchester,
Lord Brougham, Lord Melbourne, the Duke of Wellington,
the Earl of Wicklow, the Earl of Clarendon, and Lord Wharn-
cliffe, took part. In the end, their Lordships divided on the
Marquis of Lansdowne's resolution, which was negatived by
112 to 52. Several Noble Lords still desiring to express their
sentiments, an adjournment of the debate was moved. After
considerable conversation on this point, the motion was carried,
and their Lcrilships adjourned.
In the Cornmcns, Mr. Fos Maule, on presenting a petition
from the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, with-
drew the hasty notice he had given the evening before, to bring
the subject under the consideration of the House on .luiy 3.
Tne conduct of the military in retreating before the mob in
Galway was the subject of a question put to Lord Eliot, who
said lie had no official information on the matter.

In reply to Mr. Ellice, jun., Sir Iti.bert Peel stated that h.•
c, mittered the Poor-law of Scotland to be eefective, and he
thought the subject well wrrthy of consideration.

Mr. C. Buller gave notice that he will on Monday bring the
conduct of the Ministers, in relation to the gold coinage, under
the notice of the House.

For the principal portion of the even* the House was occu-
pied with a debate on the Poor-law. Sir J. Graham moved
the second reading of the Bill. Mr. Sharman Crawford moved
that it be read a second time in three months. At twelve
o'clock, after a considerable number of Members had spoken,
though none of any weight, except Sir James Graham, who
made a sensible speech, the Ho'sse divided, and the second
reading was carried by 260 to 61. The House adjourned till
this day at a Quarter to One o'Clock.

MONZY—TRADE-43OMMERCM.
At the meeting of the Colombian Mining Association on
Thursday in Austin Friars, it appeared from the Report during
last year 8,700 tons of ore had been raised, and this 'ear
3,300 tons more were expected to be produce t. At the pre,

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