The Sun.
London, England, 1829-06-02 00:00:00

atrocities, was still de facto king of Portugal--mare Was
the pity laugh)—and, therefore, how reach soever
he might wish that the days of the went were numbered
—however earnest his prayer might be that they speedily
might see his reign of terror, and bloodshed, and craeltn
extinguished—still they could not—they tritlit not inter-
fere ; and whatever that man's course might be with respect
to the Government of Poetise!, they were bound, so long
as they wished to preserve that peace for which they had
so long prayed, not to meddle with those arrangements,
nor interfere with hie pretensions, with tire ting!e ex:mo-
tion of rot recognizing the title then he had usurped.
Bet though he k!t the fore of this as much as any man
could, let Miguel beware hsnv he came beyond the bounds
sif his own territoro ; fur by that means he. emilild make it
imperaelve on thin country to inquire eta what grounds he
had poesesnet himself of that title and if the cemequence
of that inquiry should be that they found the:waives com-
pellen to dispute the titi-t which he had assumed, why they
could not help it—bn had brought it on liimndF, and they
were bound to give their vote where . they redly believed
the right to lie. - But the very thing of which he was
warning Miguel had taken place: he bad gone abroad—
beyond hie own territories—he had attempted to introduce
his power at Terceira, where he was a King neittinr de
inan nor eh! facto—when., he was not only a foul and
hated tyrant, but where he was not nor even Usurper
elenhoto—(hear, hear)—.where Ills usurpation, which in
Pertugal wore a tangible slime?, was in design ouly—en
4ttempt uncennemantaten anti incomplete. This was the
real state ref the ease with respect to Terceira—.a place
where the power of Miguel wee unachnoodedgekl and as
nothing, and on which Donna INtara.h=`aa tl:e lawful Sove-
reign. But if this were so, on what grounds was it to lie
contended that the Portuguese subjects of Donna Aliria
had no right to go thee) unless it was because Miguel did
not like that then shou'd go there ?—(A laugh.)---A
blockade, indeed, had been attempted, but the ships that
hail been tetra out had been driven away, and the thing
Lad lsnerated altogether into a paper affair. It ;or-
/rearm:, however, that this was quite enough fee Fmglanel,
ben.ause we prided ourselves on attending to what no other
touutty on the face of the earth heeded. But, he would
ask, was this in accordance with whet had -been urged
by the Right Hon. Gent.? Was this non-interference
on the part of this country?—(Hear, hear.) No man
could hold the principle of non-interference in greater
veneration than he did, for he looked open it its the cor-
ner-stone rThich bound the tare interests of a country to-
gether; it was the meers hy which peace was to he pre-
served, and by whith war was to be. avoided ; and what
to this country could be more &nimble titan the ninth
nuance at peace, and the prevention of trar,
of or we had just begun to recover from the dreadful effects
that had been produced by a war of a quarter of a century
e--or, indeed, he might sly—of half a tentlity? Again,
he said, let them have non-interference by all means; but
as it appeared to him, this cootttry had interfered, and in
femme eat Don Miguel's policy, instead of against it. Thie
appeared to him to be the real position of things, and
therefore he still hal to learn by whet right cr title cur
ships had been sent to Terceira-, to prevent the Pertuguese
rabiects of Donna Maria from cronting a landing on a
terrAory of which she was undisputed Queen.--(Hear,
?sear, hear.)—A paper blockade was nothing; from the
eery nature of it, it could not be any thing ; and, there-
fore, to say that that formed au excuse for echo:zing
such a course, would but assu:ne a point which no one
eoaN, nor a moment, concede. It was undoubtedly true,
that where two belligerents were engaged in hostilities.
either one had a right to prevent a neutral power from
affording assistance to his adversary ; but if the neutral
was excluded frotn that emninerce by an order only, in-
stead of by an actual force, the neutral would have the
right to break through such a paper blockade. If, then,
it •were put upon the ground of Miguel's blockade, it was
sdctt that we had no right to interfere; but still more—
had we no right to interfere, as the island belonged to
Donna. Maria, and not to Don Miguel? But the Right
Honourable Gentleman had said, that done Portuguese
heed been fired upon, not because they were breaking
through Don Miguel's blockade, but because they had jut-
properly made tree of one of the ports of England. But
how could that be ? They were Donna Meria's subjects,
and they wished to return to her territory. But our an-
swer to that was, " No, you sha'nt ; Don Miguel will not
allow it, and teerefine as he is not able to enforce his own
wishes, We nil). do it for him."—(Hear, hear! and a
laugh.)
_Ttese Portuguese had expressed a desire to go
fee nnt}'?is country ; but what right we had to follow them
Winen they had once quitted our shores he could not con-
ceive. If it was expected that they veer:, about to play tricks
white in port, then interfere with them, and -welcome.
But even suppose that they cleared eat with false papers,
and while they krt-av that they were going to• Terceira,
provided themselves with papers for Rio Janeiro, Virginia,
or elsewhere, he maintained that there was no warrant,
either fo our own municipal law of the country, or in the
glteral law of nations—which, perhaps, they ought rather
to look at—for stepping beyond the waters of this country
in pursuit of the strangers. The Right I-lon. Gentleman
talked as if this was an extraordinary case ; but, in hie
opinion, it was one that occurred every day. They had
not stopped the ships either in the river or on the high
etas, but had gone to the very seas of Terceira, and there
fired on those who had gone thither to seek the land of
their Sovereign. As he understood the facts of the case,
he must say that this appeared to be a most complete
terfereme en the part of this country : and if any thing
could have justified the interference of this country, no-
thing could have given hint greater pleasure than to find it
exerted against the power of one who by crime alone had
ascended a throne to which he had no claim. In Tiro.
eating the cause of non-interference, he IE4I it, nut because
be hued Miguel's tyranny the less, but because he loved
peace and the principles which led to it the more. (Hear.)
7t/r. HUSKISSON conceived that all the embarrass-
trent anti difficulty with respect to Portugal Which existed
at pre sent originated in the emigration of tie Royal
Family to Brazil in 1807. From that moment Brazil be-
came the seat of Government, and Pot tugal a distant pro-
eince. The consetoience was, that jealousy was excited,-
nod war was likely to break cut between the two countrien
and England, to prevent that calamity, offered her service
to bring about an amicable arrangement on the basis of the
independence and scpetatiun of the two countries. A
treaty to that effect was signed by the Emperor in 1925,
but he died before any arrangement was made. The sove-
reignty then devolved on Don Pedro, who chose to stipu-
late as a condition for the separation of the two countries,
the acceptance on the part of Portugal of a Constitution of
his own making. This be had no right to do, because it
was no part of the original treaty; and he (Mr. Huskis-
son) thought that to that circumstance was to be
attributed the difficulties in which Portugal hail
been involved since. England was no party to the
drawing up of this Constitution, and Mr. Canning
wrote to that sffect to all the principal Courts of
Europe; and this country told the Portuguese Govern-
ment that she would give no advice on the subject ; and
that, whether Portugal accepted or rejected the Constitu-
tien, we should hold ourselves bound by the ancient
treaties of alliance between the countries, to protect her.
Tice Constitution bating been accepted by the Portuguese
Government, we then did every thing in our power to
prevent disorders and to reconcile opposing interests; and
with that this country, together with - Austria, brought
about the treaty of marriage between Don Miguel and
Donna Math. Ile could not agree in the observation
made by the Urn. and Learned Gentleman, that this
country was a guarantee to see fulfilled the oath which had
been subscribed by Dan Miguel. We wereonly the vouchers
to Europe that we believed in his promises. When in this
country he was received with great respect, and he repeated
his promise to adhere to the Charter. He asked as a favour
that the English troops that were then in Portugal to pro-
, tact the country from foreign aggression might remain there
till his arrival. This was granted, and it was agreed that
his reviewing them should be the signal for their de-
parture. He was accompanied to Portugal by a great num-
ber of ships, and a loan of money was negotiated in this
country for him. When lie arrived in Portugal he kept
the English troops in the country while he dismissed such
Portuguese officert from the service as were friends to the
C..netitution, and filled their places by those very men who
hail led forward the army which the English troops had
been sent to oppose. Fortunately he was prevented ob-
taining the money which was raised in this country for
him, by the vigilance of the Ambassador. When the
enormous crimes committed by Don Miguel were taken
into consideration, it became a free and Christian State to
be cautious that no aet on its part should be of such an
ambiguous character as to admit of the construction that it
countenanced such unprincipled conduct. He acknow-
;eaged that it was a breach of the law of nations to fit out
forces in this country to proceed to the island of Terceira,
and that a fraud had been committed in naming another
place as the destination of the expedition ; but he would
ask how many frauds had Don Miguel committed on the
British Government, which had been suffered to remain
unnoticed ?--(Hear.)—On the grounds which lie had
stated, he was glad that the papers had been moved for,
aria that they would he presented to Parliament. He was
desirous that Don Miguel should appear before Europe in
his true character—in that character in which it was cer-
tain be would stand etionatized in the eyes of posterity.
• Mr. H. GURNEY marls some observations which
were totally unaudible ; but in reference to what had fal-
len from the Pion. Member,
Mr. PEEL, said, that the British -Gorerpment head not