The Sun.
London, England, 1827-09-19 00:00:00

RAPE.

Jazzes Const, aged 24, stood capitally indict-
ed for committing a rape on the body of Susannah
Poole, in the parish of Stepney, on the 26th
July, and Josh. Coltman, an elderly man, stood
also indicted for standing by and aiding and
abetting Const.
Mr. PHILLIPS stated the ease for the prose-
cution. Const was a toll-keeper, Coltman was
a watchman, and the prosecutrix was the daugh-
ter of a respectable tradesman, from 19 to 23 ;
and, on the night in question, the deed was per-
petrated in the toll-gate-house.
Susannah Poole, a delicate-looking girl—l am
23 years of age ; on the 26th July last I lived
with my brother and sister, at No. 3, Caroline-
street, Commercial-road. I spent the evening
with my sister, who is married, and lives there.
My father and mother are alive. I left my sis-
ter's at about ten o'clock on the night in question.
I was going to my mother's that night for some
things. My mother lives in North-street, Step-
ney. In going through the turnpike-gate I saw
Const. I think it was then a quarter to ten. Ile
called me by some name, and I walked on with-
out taking any notice of him. He then came
up to me, and took hold of me. I said he was
mistaken in the person. He took hold
of me round the waist, and took me
in the gate-house, and locked the door.
I saw no other man when I was taken in
there. When he locked the door, I screamed
out murder, as loud as I could. When I began
to scream he put his hand before my mouth.
He used me very ill. He forced my clothes up.
I felt very ill and faint, and then he threw me
on the ground. I resisted as much as I could.
He let me alone a little, and I screamed out mur-
der. He was very desperate. I screamed murder.
I heard a voice outside of the door. I screamed
murder three times. It was the watchman
outside. The voice said, after I screamed
murder—" for God's sake let the female out, we
shall get ourselves into trouble." This was
after Const had me on the ground. To the best
of my recollection I was on the ground for half
an hour. He accomplished his purpose then. He
got up in consequence of the knock at the door. I
got very faint then, and he put me on a chair.
He gave me something to drink, but what it was
Ido not know. I refused to drink it ; I closed
my teeth, and believe most of it went on the
floor and my clothes. It was in a wine glass.
When the knocking was at the door he opened
your rounds, it is all right."
it, andAtthi said "
go
stimelcould not see any one outside.
When he got up he raised me up. The door
was then closed and locked. After the man
outside went away, he began to get me on the
ground again.

The case was proceeding:when we left the Court.

NEW COURT.
(Before Mr. Sergeant DENtratt.)
ROBBERY IN A WATCH-HOUSE.

James Cain, aged 19, was indicted for steal-
ing a brooch and two half-crovms, the property
of John Williams, on the '7th of August last, in
the St. Giles's watch-house. The prisoner and
the prosecutor were both confined as disorderlies,
and both slept in a room of the watch-house.
In the
morning
Williams said that he had been
robbed.prisoner denied all knowledge of
the robbery,
The
but both the brweli and inurleY

4,950

FISH-MARKET, BILLINGSGATE.

This morning's market exhibited a fair supply of fish.
Thefollowingwerethe prices:—

Prime Turbot, each Os. 0(1. to 18s. Od,
Finest Salmon, per lb 1 4 1 6
Ditto Grilse 0 0 1 0
Salmon Trout it t) 0 10
Fin. Hoviev, cacti ...... ki -s)--- - Its o
Fine Soles, per three pairs 3 0 6 0
Live Flounders, per quartern
Live Eels, per 51b.
-- per draught 0 0 16 0
Fine Lobsters, per score 5O 0 66 0
Fine Crabs (per dozen) l5 0 18 0
Fine Prawns, per lb.
Shrimps, per gallon
Fine larmouth Red Herrings, per hundred 0 0 7 . 0
Best Common Oysters, per bushel
Natives 0 0 28 0

Oysters, since the commencement of the season, have
sold so extremely well, that great fears are entertained that
the beds will not afford a sufficient quantity of the com-
mon kind to satisfy the ordinary demands ; the prices have
in consequence advanced considerably this morning. Of
Natives there is an abundance.

Most of the salmon brought to Billingsgate this morn-
ing were seized by the superintendant of the market (Mr.
Goldham) as soon as exhibited for sale, and quickly trans-
ferred from the stalls of the salesmen back to their native
element. The fish were quite fresh, but being taken from
those fisheries that are or ought to have been closed, they
were out of season, at which time they are almost unfit for
human food, being full of spawn, and calculated to create
disorders of a most dangerous tendency. Independently of
which, every salmon taken in that state, is robbing the
fishery of perhaps five thousand : as every particle of the
roe, it is well known produces a fish. Shortly after the old
salmon have spawned their young, they die in the follow-
ing singular manner :—At the end of a salmon's mouth,
our readers may have noticed a. kind of beak or hook,
which grows downwards. This hook gradually becomes
larger, and at the close of the season, about which time
they have their young, the beak extends from the upper
to the lower jaw, which fastens up the mouth, so that
they literally die of hunger, in consequence of which we
never have any very old salmon, unless they are taken at
the latter end of the season, and in the state in which
those this morning were.

WINDSOR, SEPT. 18.—The KING COiItiMICS
taking his daily exercise in his phaeton or pleasure-boat ;
in the latter he takes great delight, as his MAJESTY
has found that exclusions on the lake are very bene-
ficial to his health. He seldom fails enjoying them when
the weather permits. This day his MAJESTY will enter-
tain a distinguished party to dinner at the Royal Lodge.
The King's private band are ordered to be in attendance.
On Sunday, after Divine service, the Queen of WURTEII-
- and Princess AUGUSTA paid a visit to the KING at
the Royal Lodge, with whom they partook of an elegant
luncheon, and returned to Frogtnore Lodge. His MA-
JP.STT continues to enjoy excellent health and spirits. This
forenoon the Queen of WURTEMBERG, and her Royal High-
ness Princess AUGUSTA, visited the Castle, and inspected
some new tapestry lately brought from the Gobelin.manu-
factory, in Paris.

The Duke and Duchess of CLARENCE efline
to town yesterday morning, from their residence in Bushy
Park. The Duchess of CLARENCE afterwards proceeded
to the residence of the Princess Soma, in the King's
Palace, Kensington, on a visit to her Royal Highness.—
The Duke of CLARENCE was engaged at the Admiralty,
transacting official business till past five o'clock, when his
Royal Highness left the Admiralty, and proceeded to the
King's Palace, Kensington, where the Duchess of aa-
urgeE joined her Royal Consort. The Duke and Duchess
afterwards returned to Bushy.

Despatches were received yesterday at the F.O-
- Office, Downing-street, from the Right Honourable
STRATFORD CANNING, our Ambassador at Constantinople•

The MarquiF, de PALMELLA, the Portuguese
Minister, and Monsieur ROTH, the French Charge d'Af-
faires, had interviews with Viscount Dunr,Ey yesterday,
at the Foreign Office.

Viscount DUDLEY visited Viscount GonE-
RICH yesterday.

IVir. Kean is engaged to perform at our Theatre
during the Festival week.—Liverpool Albion.

A new married gentleman and lady, riding in
a chaise, were unfortunately overturned. A person coming
to their assistance, observed it was a very shocking sight.
" Very shocking, indeed," replied the gentleman, " to see
a pqr pwrivd couplq fall out so soon."

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

DONCASTER MEETING, 1827

DONCASTER, MONDAY NIGHT.

We have not been disappointed in our expectations of
good sport, the races to-day having gone off extremely
well. The last 24 hours have made great additions to our
already numerous visitors, and the town is now full.
Amongst the latest arrivals is his Grace the Duke of De-
vonshire, who was present at the races in his capacity of
steward. His Grace visited the course in great state, his
carriage being drawn by six beautiful bay horses, and at-
tended by twelve outriders. Earl Fitzwilliam came in a
carriage and six, with twelve outriders, and four mounted
servants ; the Noble Earl seemed in the best spirits, and
was evidently gratified with the sport. The Grand Stand
boasted a good show of fashion, the number of titled ladies
being numerous, and the course altogether had a very ani-
mated and interesting appearance. There were present,
the Duke of Leeds ; the Marquises of Londomierry,'Wor.
cester,• Blandford, Queensberry, and Cleveland ; Lords
Jersey, Wharncliffe, Clanwilliain, Milton, Miltown, Kil-
burn, and Kennedy; and, in fact, all those whose names
we have previously given.—The Duke of Wellington is
looked for every hour.

The race course was in capital order for running, and
was kept with the greatest precision ; all the.: confusion
and riot complained of at other courses being prevented
here by liberality and good management. - The races were
in the following order :

The Fitswilliam Stakes of 10 soya. each, with 20 sovs.
added by the Corporation, for two-yr-olds, sst. 101 b.
three, Bst. four, 9st. five, 9st. tilb. six and aged,
Ost. 101 b. One mile and a half. (6 Subs.)
Lord Fitzwilliam's b c Mulatto, by Catton, 4 yrs 1
Hon. E. Petre's b c. Nonplus, by Catton, 3 yrs
Mr. L. Charlton's ch f Camelia, by Manfred, 3 yrs
Mr. Wilkinson's ch f Duchess of Lancaster, 3 yrs
Two paid.-23 to 10 on Mulatto, and 4 to 1 agst Non-
plus ; the others scarcely thought of.—Nonplus set off at
a fine pace, and kept up the running in the highest style
till near the distance, Mulatto all the time at his heels,
and the others looking tolerably well, Mulatto then got
to Nonplus's bead, and the two kept pretty close till a
short distance from home, when the former nonp/us'd his
antagonist, and got in first by nearly a length. Rode by Lye.
Handicap Sweepstakes of 25 soya. each, 10 soya. ft. with
20 sovs. added by the Corporation, for three-yr-olds
and upwards. One mile. (5 Subs.)
Lord Scarborough's b f Lady Georgians, 4 yrs,,lst 61h 1
Duke of Leeds's b c Sirius, by Whisker, 4 yrs, 7st 91b 2
Mr. T. 0. Powlett's br g Gazebo, 4 yrs, 7st 91b 3
Sir J. Byng's ch c Thales, by Tramp, 4 yrs, 7st 61b 4
Lord Kelburne's ch m Purity, by Octavius, 5 yrs, Bst 41b 0
Lord Kennedy's bl. f. Mary Ann, 4 yrs, '7st 6lb 0
Mr. Gully's b g Cock Robin, S yrs, Bst 41b 0
Mr. Houldsworth's b f Harriet, by Filho, 4 yrs, ist 11Ib 0
5 to 2 agst Mary Anne, 30 to 10 agst Sirius, 4 to 1
agst Purity, 5 to 1 agst Harriet, and 6 to 1 agst Cock
Robin ; the winner was scarcely thought of, so very re-
mote was her chance considered. Won by a length and a
half—rode by Garbutt.

The Champagne Stakes of 50 sm. each, b. ft. for two-
yr-old colts, Bst. 51b. fillies, Bst. 'Sib. Red House Ili.
(l 8 Subs.) (The winner to give six dozen of Cham-
pagne to the Club.)

Petre's ch c The Colonel, by Whisker
Lord Kelburne's bl f by Blacklock—Marchesa ...... 2
Lord Fitzwilliam's br f Ballad Singer, by Tramp
Fourteen paid.—Every one was eager to back the Co-
lonel (who won in a canter) at 5 to 2 and S to 1 agat the
field—rode by Scott.
Four-yr-old Produce Stakes of 100 sous. each, h. ft. for
colts, Bat. 71b. fillies, Sat. 41b. Four miles. (5 Subs.)
Mr Petre's di f Missy, by Catton—Agatha 1
Mr. Clifton's b c Tom, by Walton—Louisa 2
Three paid.-10 to 8 on Torn.
Tom started off at steady running, with Missy close at
him ; they continued so once round, and when they got
to the Judges' Stand, Tom increased his pace—the filly
still at him ; as they neared the Red House, she began to
gain upon him, and at the distanca came boldly up, and
challenged ; she then got into a very high pace, and kept
neck and neck till opposite the Grand Stand, when Missy
let loose at the winning chair, she was a length and a half
a head ; she was very well rode by James Robinson, the
Newmarket jockey. The race was thought to be a very
fair one.

Hia Majeaty's Plate of 100 gs, for four-yr-olds, 10si. 71b.
five, 1 let. 71b. six, 118 t. 121 b. and aged, l2st. Four

Mr. Richardson's br h Brownlock, by Blaeklock, 5 yrs; 1
Mr. T. O. Powlett's br g Gazebo 2

Lord Scarborough's b f Pasta, by Caton, 4 vrs
Mr. Wilkinson's b c John o'Gaunt

Pasta jumped eft with to leadi and made strong four-
mile running to the Judge's stand, Brownlock and Gazebo
being on the look-out; she then got into a stronger pace,
still heading, and in good spirits; but at the distance she
got an octave lower, and gave way a little, thus enabling
Brownlock and Gazebo to get up to her; however, she
was not yet beaten, and contrived to keep pretty well with
the other two for nearly the whole of the remaining ground ;
at last, by a violent effort, Brownlock got the command
of the met, and won it in good style by two lengths
Rode by W. Scott.
This race terminated the day's sport, and the eourse
was speedily cleared. After a short interval, the new
Betting-rooms were crowded by sporting characters of
every demmlinatien, and the St. Leger betting benoie as
interesting as ever. Mameluke threw a shoe yesterday,
and considerably alarmed his friends; but on its being as-
certained that no mischief was done, confidence was re-
stored, and to-night he is in higher favour than ever.
We are only enabled to state now, that the odds are 6
to 4 agst Mameluke, 5 to 2 agst Granby (taken), 12 to 1
agst Matilda, 15 to 1 agst Lunaria, 20 to 1 agst Reviewer
(taken), 23 to 1 agst Medoro, 30 to 1 agst Malek, and
the rest as before.

The following is the complete bill of fare for Wednes-
day (thisday):—

r6e 'Foal Stakes of 100 sovs. each, h. ft. for three-yr-
old colts, Bst. 71b. fillies, Bst. 41b. One mile and a
half. (12 Subs.)
Mr. Wilson's b e brother to the Juggler, by Cornus
Lord Scarborough's hr c by Corpus_ Byram's dam
Mr. Lamhton's b c Raymond, by Catton—Banshee
b c by Blacklock—Thomasina

Lord Kelburne's b c Reviewer, by Abjer
Mr. Wyvill's ch g Smacksmooth, by Comus
Mr. Houldsworth's br c Bhurtpore, by Magistrate
Mr. Russell's b f Nivalis, by Blacklock—Snowball
Mr. Petre's ch c Granby, by Cannon Ball—Shoehorn.
Mr. Yates's b c Edmund, by Orville—Emmeline
Mr. Holyoake's br f by Whisker—Vicissitude
The Doncaster Racing Club Stakes of 50 sovs. each, h. ft.
for three-yr-olds, 7st. 41b. four, Sst. 51b. five, Bst. 121 b.
six and aged, 9st. 31b. Two miles. (5 Subs.)
Lord Kelburne's ch h Actreon, by Scud, 5 yrs
Lord Fitzwilliarn's b b Florismart, by Amadis, 6 yrs
Lord Kennedy's ch c Bedlamite, by Welbeck, 4 yrs
Mr. Baird's b c Romeo, by Ardrossan, 3 yrs
Four-yr-old Sweepstakes of 50 soya. each, 20 sovs. ft.
colts, Set. 71b. fillies, Bst. 41b, St. Leger Course.
(4 Subs).
Lord Scarborough's b f Lady Georgians, by Catton
Lord FitaWilliam's h c Ticirbill, by Catton
Mr. Petre's eh f Missy, by Catton—Agatha
Mr. Houldsworth''.; br f Fanny Davies, by Filho da Puta
All Age Stakcs of 10 sovs, each, with 25 sovs. added by
the Corporation ; three-yr-olds, Est. 121 b. four, Sat.
five, Bst. 101 b. six and aged, 9st. St. Leger Course.
(4 Subs.) The winner to be sold for 2545. if de-
manded, &e.
Lord Fitzwilliam's ch c Thales, by Tramp, 4 yrs
Lord Kelburne's ch m Purity, by Octavian, 5 yrs
Mr. Petre's eh f Missy, by Catton, 4 yrs
Mr. W. Fox's b c Soldan, by Vandyke Junior, 3 yrs

ROTHERHAM RACES.—TougsnAv, SEPT. 13.
The South-west Yorkshire Yeomanry Cavalry Stakes of
tip. each, p.p. with 20gs. added by, the Right Hoe.
Lord Wharncliffe. One mile.
Mr. Brown's Hexgrave

Air. K. Haywood'Wch gby Hurricane 3 2
Mr. Kirk's Elizabeth

The Rotherham Plate of 50/. Heats, two miles.
Lord Fitzwilliam's Dinah 2 1 1
Mr. W. Scott's Soldan 1 2 2
The Broomhill Stakes of 7 sovs. each,
p.p. with 20 soya,
added by the Town.
Mr. Kent's Brother to Hexgrave
Mr. Athorpe's Candidate 2
Mr. Alderson's Bacephalus

EXETER RACES.—Tuunsomr, Sari. 18.
A Purse of 100 80Yd., given by the City.
Lord Palmerston's Luzborough
Air. Portman's Prosody
Mr. Radcliffe's Lawrence

. _
Mr. Ley's Crumpet S 4
Mr. Trelawney's Fadladeen... 2 dr
4 dr
Plate of 50/.
Mr. Jonesir'shCoe
Members'
Mr. Jones's Conquest, Bst 111 b 1 1
Mr. TFO/Wiley'4 radl4deen, '7st

NEW THEORY of the TEMPERAMENTS.

If we look in the faces of the individuals we
casually meet with, we can often pronounce with
certainty—of one, that he is passionate, zealous,
energetic—of another, that he is tranquil, con-
templative, and active only in speculation—of a
third, that he is mentally and morally torpid,
and is in fact little better than a goodly machine
for converting beef and corn into human nature.
Medical writers have observed these facts, and
given the name of " temperaments " to those
peculiar qualities of constitution, which are
found to influence, or we may rather say,
to govern, the character of individuals. In
their description and classification of these
qualities, however, the vagueness of their lan-
guage, and the wide difference in their con-
elusions, evidently show that they have no pre-
cise or systematic ideas on the subject, and that
a rational theory of the " temperaments" is yet a
desideratum.

The first step in supplying this deficiency has
been made by Dr. F. Thomas, of Paris—a very
distinguished Medical Writer—in his work en-
titled " Physiologie des Temperarnens ou Con-
stitutions," published last year. By a process
of reasoning which has the merit of being very
simple and intelligible, he has traced the temper-
aments to a clear and rational source in the or-
ganization of the human body.
" On looking at the animal system," says Dr.
T., "we find it to consist of three great groups of
organs, each group performing distinct functions,
but all the parts of each so far analogous as to
contribute to one general end. The first group
is that contained in the cavity of the cranium,
and the general function which it performs is to
carry on, or rather to manifest, all the operations
of the mind, to constitute the seat of sensation,
and to supply nervous- energy to, and to direct
the movements of, all parts of the body. The
second group is that contained in the cavity of
the thorax, and it includes chiefly the lungs and
the heart, having for their functions the processes
of sanguification and circulation, which have also
a general resemblance in their object. The
third group is that contained in the cavity of the
abdomen, including the stomach, liver, spleen,
bowels, &c. each also differing from the other,
but all concurring to effect the conversion of
food into chyle, and the separation and excretion
of the superfluous or injurious particles fiom the
system.

" All other parts of the body, the limbs, the
parieties of the head, thorax, and abdomen, are
evidently the mere passive instruments or de-
fences of these more important animal f►►nctions.
The head, thorax, and abdomen, form, in fact,
what is properly called the animal ; while the
extremities may be wanting, without diminish-
ing the individuality of a living being. From
this we come to the natural conclusion, that
whatever a temperament or constitution may be
in itself, the causes which give rise to it must
exist in one or other or all of these three great
groups of organs. And, accordingly, this infer-
ence of reason is amply borne out by observa-
tion."

The three groups of organs alluded to may be
considered as the roots of the temperaments;
and in accordance with this idea, we have three
primary, ' and four secondary temperaments.
The three primary are the encephalic, depending
on the development of the brain—the thoracic,
depending on the development of the thorax—
and the abdominal, depending on the develop-
ment of the abdomen. The four secondary
temperaments are mixtures of these.
1. The Encephalic, or cranial temperament,
is distinguished by a relatively large head, large
facial angle, moderate sized thorax and abdomen,
and spare form. It indicates great energy of
passion, sentiment, and intellect, with little acti-
vity in the heart, lungs, and abdomen. This
variety, according to Dr. Thomas, is found
highly developed in those men who have dis-
tinguished themselves by their talents, their
virtues, or their vices, in tyrants, chiefs of sects,
great authors, such as Cataline, Tiberius, Brutus,
Cicero, Pascal, Pope, Moliere, Tasso, Voltaire,
Rousseau, all of whom, according to historians,
were spare and meagre. Pericles and Socrates
were renowned for heads disproportioned to the
size of their bodies. In individuals of this class
the thorax and abdomen are rarely midi developed :
and hence they are seldom robust or vigorous, or
their digestion good. This temperament is most
predominant between seven years of age and
thirty. The mental energy produced by it, when
excessive, expends itself in schemes, projects,
castle-building, romantic attachments, erratic and
b,
strange habits, a passion for adventure, enthusi-
astic devotion to science, literature, or art. The
Encephalic temperament is more frequent in the
male than the female, more common in free than
in despotic States, in towns than in the country,
and among artists and men of science than idle
persons or labourers.

- The Thoracic temperament is characterized
by a small head and a limited abdomen, con-
trasting with a voluminous and powerful chest.
The lungs and heart are large, and produce an
abundant sanguification, a full and strong pulse,
and an active circulation, with a high animal
heat spread equally over the body. The Farnese
Hercules is the beau-ideal of this temperament.
It fits a man for fatigue and labour, creates a
delight in riding, hunting, boxing, athletic games,
and all sorts of violent exercises. The health
is generally robust in men of this class, the com-
plexion florid, and the diseases to which they
are most subject of an inflammatory character.
If we descend to the lower animals, we find the
thoracic organs very imperfect in the cold-blooded
animals, but most amply developed in birds, and
accompanied with a higher temperature than in
any other species of animals.
The Abdominal Temperament is easily re-
cognised by the large protuberant abdomen,
broad pelvis, and abundant developement of the
cellular substance over the whole limbs and
body. Chyle is formed in large quantity and
transformed into fat. The individual is slow in
his movements, and his powers are concentrated
in his abdomen. His appetite is less keen thai,•
in persons of the encephalic temperament, but
his digestion is far better, and he converts
greater portion of his food into chyle. He eats
little at a time, but often ; digests continually,
sleeps much, and leads a tranquil life like that of
the herbivorous animals.

In worms and zoophytes the abdomen con-
stitutes the whole animal. In insects a nervous
centre, and respiratory and circulating apparatuf,
are added, but the abdomen still greatly prepen
Berates. In reptiles and fishes the abdomen
less than in insects; and in birds „nd the mam-
malia still smaller. Herbivorous animals eat
little and often ; their abdominal organs art
largely developed, and in continual activity.
They form chyle in abundance, and hence then
natural fatness. Carnivorous animals, again,
wNelt are fcrevi t 9 seek their iced; eft rely

0

but voraciously, and exercise their thoracic
organs much more than their abdominal.
The four secondary temperaments are-1,
the encephalo-thoracic ; 2, the encephalo-abelo-
mind ; 3, the thoracic-abdominal ; and 4, the
mist.

The encephala-thoracic is known by the head
and chest being relatively much larger than the
abdomen, and by powerful dense muscles, and
great moral and physical force.
The encephalo-abdominal presents the head
and the abdomen largely developed, and a chest
small and contracted. The muscles are mode-
rate in size and plentifully interspersed with
cellular substance, whence arises the rounded
form and softness of the female.

The thoracic-abdominal presents a sidall head,
with ample thorax and abdomen, large muscles,
bones, and cellular membrane. It indicates
mental feebleness, and patient endurance of toil.
It is more frequent in Asia and Africa, than in
America or Europe.
The mixed temperament combines the three
primary temperaments, in just and equal propor-
tions. " The Apollo Belvidere," says Dr.
Thomas, "is a beautiful specimen of the mixed
eonstitution."

This chef d'oeuvre of art represents man in
his most perfect type ; there is nothing too weak,
and nothing too strong, nothing excess, and
nothing deficient. That brain cannot be the
seat of too impetuous or too enduring passions,
although it can experience them all. The intel-
lectual faculties, sufficiently developed, do not
hurry him on to extravagant conceptions, or wild
hypotheses ; his abdominal functions are per-
formed with facility; the chyle is separated and
absorbed in sufficient quantity for the nutrition
of his beautiful body."
In childhood, the abdomen and brain predo-
minate. Accordingly, the diseases of children
are almost peculiar to these two groups of organs,
—via. convulsions, epilepsy, affections of the
bowels, &e. In youth, the thorax begins to
enlarge, the physical powers unfold themselves,
the voice changes, the body grows, but the head
still retains its supremacy. From 20 to 30, the
cranio-thoracic temperament prevails; the moral
and physical energy is then great, and the man
spews what he is afterwards to become. After
30, an equalization begins to take place between
the three great cavities, and from the. gradual
developement of the abdomen, the temperament
changes to the mixed. , In old age it becomes
entirely abdominal Of course, there are nu-
merous individual exceptions, but this is the
general order.
" Different temperaments enjoy very different
degrees of health, and are subject to different
kinds of disease. Themarked encephalic is
very prone to over-exercise the brain, and to give
rise to convulsive and nervous diseases, hypo-
chondriasis and mania. From leaving the thorax
and abdomen, naturally feeble, unexcited by
sufficient supply of nervous energy, the encepha-
lic is subject also to asthma, bad digestion, and
its concomitant evils. The marked thoracic, on
the other hand, is subject to all the diseases of
excited circulation, such as inflammation and
rheumatism. The abdominal enjoys, on the
whole, good health and vegetative existence, and
his diseases are slow and of long duration.
4, The cranial or encephalic temperament is
one of the most disposed to excess and disease ;
and when very marked, it is almost always ac-
companied by discontent, melancholy, and sleep-
lessness. To obviate those inconveniences, we
must moderate the exercise of the brain, in never
allowing study or thinking to continue to fatigue ;
in removing all the exciting causes of great pas-
sions, and in employing, on the other hand, the
muscles in walking, running, mechanics, hunt-
ing, gardening, &c. A cheerful residence in a
pleasant country, avoiding solitude, heat, and
cold, are very effectual with the same view.
The tepid bath is most useful in moderating the
dryness and inaction of the skin, and thus dimi-
nishing cerebral excitement. Vegetables, fruits,
animal jellies, eggs, and all easily digestible sub-
stances which furnish much chyle, and develope
the abdominal organs, are advantageous ; and
tea, coffee, and stimulants, are hurtful. Wine
ought to be sparingly used, and always diluted.
The meals ought to be small and frequent, and
followed by repose and rest, as thinking in the
encephalic impedes digestion. Sleep is of great
consequence to preserve the health of the en-
cephal Scotsman.

Some few days back a spectator at the Theatre
of the Porte St. Martin, struck with compassion
at the miserable appearance of the ;tour Frederick
in the third act of the " „Luau.," threw a piece
of money, which the actor, without hesitation,
picked up, and pocketed, after a profound bow to
the giver.—Fitret de Londres.
In Russia it is considered an insult to the
master of the house to appear in any of his
rooms with a great coat on, which is expected to
be left in the hall ; the great coat kept on con-
veying an imputation that the rooms are not
kept warm enough, a point on which the Rus-
sians very much pride themselves.
At Stockholm, before sitting down to dinner,
when the company are all stationed in their
places round the table, a pause of total silence
is ended by a bow from the host,
'signal for every one to be seated.
ensues ; and this, after continuing for the space
numberA
of Georgian and Armenian
ofwh
cahgmirsienatuthtee
MSS. have been discovered in the Convent of
Gaelaeth. Thama, one of the Kings of Georgia,
had sent thirty young men to Greece for the
purpose .of translating their most remarkable
works, and it is hoped that among those MSS.
may he found some of the celebrated treatises
which have been lost.---Foreign Quarterly
Review.

It was Counsellor Murray who was drolned
while sailing on a small lake at his residence,
between Clones and . Monaghan, on Sunday
evening last, along with his servant. Their
bodies were found after some time, but no effort
could restore animation. Mr.. Murray was a
most amiable character, the idol of his family
and friends, highly respected in the country, and
possessed all the qualities of head and heart
that
could endear him to society.. He has left a dis-
consolate wife and a numerous family of young
children to lament his premature death.—Dub-
his Evening Post'
having sent deputies to Urban V. who
THE ORATOR Or PEntfalA.—The town of
Avignon,
The orator of the embassy made him
they found this pontiff sick.
regard to his
and without ever coming
rwihnestthreilretitohnesy
are,had atonydecthli:
teolseyoutor state
to the
indisposition,
vPinsdebri longsuetpdoei. ansspeech,itaiTto n
point. When he had done, the Pope asked
:11, es:7u
Seeing. that he was heartily tired, they said,
holi-
ness, that if you du not grant us what we ask,
-our orator will make his speech over again be-
fore we go." The Pope granted the demand
instantly.