The Sun.
London, England, 1827-01-04 00:00:00

" DECREE.

" SANTIAGO, SIFT. 2. 1826.—The Government, having con-
sidered that all acts of the Judicial Administration should be made
public, because this publicity offers the best security to citizens
against the inroads of arbitrary power, and, at the same time,
affords Magistrates and others entrusted with the arduous office of
administering the laws, with an opportunity of making manifest
to their country the integrity and impartiality of their conduct, as
well as their zeal for the prompt dispatch of legal business, which
last circumstance, in the opinion of the most experienced juris-
consults, is of the first importance in promoting an amelioration
of public morals, by virtue of the timely correction it affords, so
essential in all punishments, decrees as follows :
" I. The Tribunals ofJustice in the Capital, and all Judicial
Courts in the Provinces, shall transmit to the Minister of the
Interior, once in four months, commencing from the Ist of the
present month of September, a statement that shall comprehend
an extract of all criminal causes brought forward in those Courts,
with a copy of the sentences pronounced.
"2. These statements shall be published in the Santiago Ga-
zette, and in all other periodicals, whose editors shall receive a
particular recommendation from Government to this effect.
" 3. The Minister of the Interior shall be entrusted with the
execution of this decree. (Signed) " BLANCO."

Frankfort Papers of the 28th ult. have been received,
but they contain no news. The followiNg is an extract or

WO

ELBEAFETS, DEC. 5.
From a view of the goods imported by sea, through the instru •
mentality of the Rhenish West India Company, to the dose of the
navigation in 1826, the total value was 5,378,700 Prussian Rix
Dollars, of which far the greater part was from the Prussian
States, viz., from the districts of Mark and Westphalia, for
1,417,754 Rix Dollars ; and from East Prussia, Silesia, and the
Grand Duchy of Saxony, 1,845,320 Rix Dollars. The exports
from the kingdom of Saxony and the Duchies were 981,650 Rix
Dollars.

SWITZERLAND, DEC. 23.

A circular note of the Presiding Canton acquaints the Govern.
ment of the other Cantons of a diplomatic communication made
by the Court of Russia, that Commodore Bellinghausen will go to
sea solely for the exercise of the marine, with the Czar Constantine
of the line, and Helena frigate; and when the sea is no longer
tenable will winter at Toulon.

We received this morning the Allgenteine Zeitung of
the 28th ult. We have accounts from Trieste as late as
the 21st, but they do not confirm the report of a conven-
tion having been concluded between the Turks and Greeks,
as we slated yesterday on the authority of an Amsterdam
Paper. The Egyptian fleet, consisting of seventy sail,
with ammunition and provisions, had sailed from Alex-
andria, and arrived safe at Navarino on the Ist of Dec.:—

BUCHAREST, DEC. S.
The Marquis de Ribeaupierre hag not yet arrived here on his
way to Constantinople. His suite is here waiting for him.—
According to the last accounts from Constantinople of the 2d of
thi.‘ month, no change of any importance had taken place there.
Many people continued to he sent into banishment, but there were
rather fewer executions.

TRIESTE, DEC. 19.

A ship has arrived here to-day in 22 days, from Alexandria,
hut on account of the stormy weather we have not yet been able
to speak to the Captain. According to letters from Canea, of
the 15th November, the Greek Pirates had assembled at Carabues,
and had lately attacked, with their Mistica, eight or ten European
ships (chiefly French), and not only totally plundered them, bu*
grossly ill-treated the crews.

TRIESTE, DEC. 20.

The captain who arrived yesterday from Alexandria, reports
that the Egyptian fleet, amounting, with the European trans-
ports, to 70 sail,, with ammunition and provisions, but with-
out troops, put to sea eight days before his departure.
According to letters from Zante, it was known there on the
14th that the Egyptian fleet had arrived safe at Navariu on the
Ist of December. A French brig, bound from Marseilles to
Alexandria, with 20,000 dollars and sundry mercbandize, bad
been taken by a Greek pirate.

TRIESTN, DFC• 21 •
The frigate built far the Greeks at New York has safely ar,
rived at Malta. The letters from Alexandria are full of Corn
plaints of the stagnation of trade.
VutNNA, DFc. 23.-Metalliques, 886 ; Bank Shares, 1,068

In. the observations which we made yesterday upon that
part of the Message of the PRESIDENT of the United
States which related to the topics of discussion remaining
with Great Britain, we endeavoured to •hew the right of
this Country to regulate the commercial intercourse of
other Nations with her Colonies in such manner as she
may .think At, and we Shall now endeavour tp enforce fur-
ther than we did yesterday that Great Britain has acted
with perfect justice in exercising this right to the exclu-
sion of ships belonging to the subjects of the United States
of America.

The Act of the 6th of the KING for regulating the
trade of the British possessions abroad, after reciting that
" by the laws of navigation foreign ships are permitted to
import into any of the British possessions abroad from the
Countries to which they belong, goods, the produce of
those Countries, and to export goods from such possessions
to be carried to any foreign Country whatever," and that
it is expedient that such permission should be subject to
certain conditions, enacted, " That the privileges thereby
granted to foreign ships shall be limited to the ships of
those Countries which, having colonial possessions, shall
grant.the like privileges of trading with those possessions
to British ships : or which not having Colonial possessions,
shall place the commerce and navigation of this Country,
and of its possessions abroad, upon the footing of _the most
favoured Nations, unless his MAJESTY shall in any case deem
it expedient to grant the whole or any of such privileges
to the ships of any foreign Country, although the condi-
tions aforesaid shall not, in all respects, be fulfilled by such
foreign Country,"
Great Britain, acting upon the liberal spirit of free trade
which she had determined to adopt, thus offered to open
the ports of all her Colonies to the ships of the United
States, upon condition of her ships enjoying similar privi-
leges in her ports. The United States declined acceding
to the latter condition, and consequently the conditional
arrangement proposed to be made could not, in reason, be

continued. His MAgsilY, therefore, although he was
pleased to continue the privileges granted to American
ships in the intercourse with his colonies in Europe,
directed by his Order in Council of the 27th July last,
in consequence of the non-fulfilment of the conditions on
which they were granted on the part of the United States,
that those privileges should cease with respect to the
British possessions in the West Indies and America, the
Cape of Good Hope, New South Wales, and Van Dieman's
Land.

We cannot better explain this proceeding than in the
words we used on the 19th of August, when we published
the Order in Council in question. We then remarked—

" That this proceeding, on the part of his 'MAJESTY'S
Government, is a necessary consequence of the conduct of
the United States. In acting upon the principles of free
trade, His MAJETY'S Ministers reserved to themselves
the right of withdrawing those concessions which, in the
spirit of liberality, Great Britain had made to other coun-
tries for the purpose of bringing about that universal inter-
course which it was conceived would be beneficial to all
the nations of the world, provided the Governments of
other countries would act upon the same liberal principles.
The experiment has been fairly tried with the United
States, and as she does not chuse to act with perfect reci-
procity, his MAJEsTv's Government, with a consistent and
due regard to the spirit on which the concessions were
made in favour of American ships, withdraws the privileges
which had been given to them—with a candid avowal of
the grounds on which such proceeding has been taken.
Unwilling, at the same time, to subject this country to
any accusation of a sudden and unlooked for change of
policy in her commercial regulations, and desirous of still
affording time to the Government of the United States to
re-consider the question, his MAJESTY'S Ministers have
fixed a distant day for the commencement of the altered
system of intercourse between British Colonies and America.

It therefore rests with the United State. to obtain or
finally reject the advantages which a reciprocity in trade
must necessarily produce."
The right of the country to regulate her colonial trade
being admitted, and these acts of the British Parliament,
and the Order of his MAJESTY in Council, above referred

to, being promulgated to the world, it is as impossible to
maintain a charge against Great Britain for having evinced
a want of good faith or justice in the prohibitory measures
she has had recourse to, as it would have been to prove
that she had acted wisely if she had not resorted to them.
The regulations for free trade proceeded en the principle
of reciprocity, and the United States, declining to allow
our vessels reciprocal advantages in her ports, could, neither
in reason nor justice, claim the continuance of indulgences
of which they were to reap the principal advantages.
This point, therefore, we trust, we have completely esta-
blished; but, if we may judge by the general tenor rather
than by the direct terms used by the PRESIDENT, we
should be inclined to think that the United States will not
abandon the claim which they, are impolitic enough to
urge, not as a favour, but as a just right, to the re-opening
of the colonial trade. Great Britain, however, will never
yield to a demand urged on such grounds, and justly proud
of the magnanimous example which she has shown•of her
disinterestedness to promote the general benefit of man-
kind, in her adoption of the principles of free trade, she
will refuse to concede that as a right which she would
have freely and readily granted for the mutual advantage
of the two countries, whose general interests are so closely
connected.

The omission of Commodore Sir JAMES BRISBANE,
late commanding his Majesty's ships in the East Indies,
and personally directing the operations of the flotilla on
the river Irawaddy, from a participation in the honours
conferred on the Military, Naval, and Eofasstirln
jdAiamCzsTraanpdanty:
Officers, who distinguished themselves in the recent wars
in India, has given rise to many observations, and anxious
inquiries as to the cause of such an unusual circumstance.
iotfetahnoosenlwy hhoavheavacie
arisen
from known character and gallantry
honourable testimony borne to his services during the
the
e thatiist
Burmese war, at once contradict the that the
re-
ceived a mark of the Royal approbation, has been omission of his namaendfropmro
occa-
sioned by any cause derogatory to his honour or his cha-
frraocmtersoams aenroegufficlearti;on which militates against an officer of
his rank, who hai already received the honour of Knight-
hood and the Companionship of the Bath, being rewarded
by higher honours until he attains higher rank. Indeed,
we have heard it stated that this is the sole cause of the
apparent neglect of Sir JAMES BRISBANE'S services.
Being already, as before stated, a Companion of the Order
of the Bath, and a Knight Bachelor, the next step of
honour would naturally have been a Commandership of
the Order, more particularly as that rank has been con-
ferred on the junior General Officers of the Army serving
on the same expedition ; but a rule had been laid down
some time since, that no officer below The rank of a Flag
or General Officer, should receive that honour. Sir JAMES
therefore being only a Captain of the Royal Navy, at'
though holding the rank of Commodore during the opera-
tions, is not eligible to be nominated a Commander of the
Bath. Why, however, some other public testimony of
approbation of his services has not been made, we are
unable to learn. In many cases, where officers had already
received honours for previous services, a Baronetage has
been conferred on a new occasion, and it is possible that
it is intended to grant such h title to Sir JAMES BRISBANE.
If it is not, and no fresh honour is to be conferred upon
him for his services in the Irawaddy, when the Captains
and Commanders serving under his orders have been made
Companions of the Bath, we cannot help thinking that he
will have just cause of complaint. If his reward is to be
a Commandership of the Bath when he attains. the rank
of Flag Officer, provided he should live to reach that rank,
we must regret the existence of a regulation which sub,
jects a gallant and deserving Officer to so mortifying
a delay, and which, in our opinion, proves the impolicy
of laying down rules from which no deviation is ever to
be made,

Almost the last act of the Duke of YORK, as Com•
mander-in-Chief, has been one of justice and beneficence to
a most meritorious class of officers—the Old Lieutenants---"
who are unable to purchase promotion, and whose ad-
vancement may therefore be still very remote. The
claims which these individuals had upon the service and
the country, had long attracted his Royal Highness's at-
tention, and he never abandoned the subject until he had
submitted for his MAJESTY'S gracious approval an an-ange"
ment for their reward, which could not be objected to as
entailing an unreasonable charge on the public. Our
Readers will have noticed the General Order, dated the
27th ult., promulgating the measure which has received
the Royal sanction, the nature of which may be thus
briefly described.

1811, are to he rninoted
The Lieutenants of Regiments of the Lige now serving,
at their option to the unattached
whose commissions are dated in or previous to the year

rank of Captain, and placed on half-pay at ss. a-day. They
are to he replaced by Lieutenants from the half-pay list of
4s. a-day. The Officers so promoted are to be eligible
for employment. on full pay as Captains, and their widows
entitled to the pensions of Captains' widows. Besides
which the seniors of these Officers in their Regiments are,
in the event of companies becoming vacant without pur-
chase, within two years, to be appointed to them in pre-
ference to the next senior Lieutenant ; and further facilities
are held out for their getting on full pay by paying the
difference.

This measure of justice to a numerous and most deserv-
ing class of military Officers is entitled to the approbation
of all .who can appreciate the services of the British
Army, and feel a generous sympathy for the fate of gallant
soldiers of fortune whose merit is great, but whose means
of purchasing promotion is less than that of many of their
junior brother officers. It will be received with thankful-
ness by the Subaltern Officers of the Line, and it will be
held in grateful remembrance, not only by those who will
be immediately benefitted by the regulation, but by the
Army generally, long after the ashes of their illustrious
Benefactor shall he deposited in the grave of his ancestors.

.Private letters from Paris, dated on Sunday evening, give some
curious views of the state of affairs in Spain and Portugal, evi-
dently originating in the ultra party, and showing very strongly
their despair at the approaching frustration of all their hopes.
Their main point is, that Miguel is in fact the rightful King of
Portugal, his brother having abandoned his right to that Crown
b. y the treaty which established the' independence of Brazil, and
Infer from it that Pedro possessed no legitimate right to impose a
Constitution on Portugal ; that the English, consequently, are
forcing on the Portuguese a charter of their own manufacturing,
contrary to the wish of the people, and that it ought to be resisted
by all the supporters of legitimacy ; with a tirade of French
ultra-political reasoning in the same strain. It is even affirmed
that Miguel, notwithstanding the care with which his proceedings
are watched at Vienna, where, as is well-known, he is kept under
a restraint not the less strict because managed in, conformity with
courteous treatment, is anxious to maintain a legitimate right in
his own person to the Crown of Portugal, and that it is at his
request that Ferdinand has caused or connived at the secret assist-
ance given lately to the insurgents calling themselves the Royalist
Party. On this basis is built the justification of Ferdinand for
what he has done, and a variety of extravagant speculations to
"how. that France is bound, if those facts are in any measure
established, to interfere in the support of legitimacy, and to
prevent, if possible, the occupation of Portugal by the Eug-
lish troops. It is said, however, that the King of France
is too well convinced of the danger of confiding the helm to such
counsellors to allow them to obtain the ascendancy, and that the
pacific disposition towards England remains, therefore, undisturb-
ed. By the latest accounts received at Paris from Madrid, which
are dated the 24th, it appears that the mind of Ferdinand was in
a state of vacillation with respect to his future course in the affair
of Portugal, his wishes for the success of the insurgents, and his
fears of the resentment of England, alternately obtaining the as-
cendancy, He knew that the English were about to send troops
to Portugal ; but recollecting how many months in Spain were
Wasted of old in the preparation of an expedition of equal magni-
tude, he thought that the threat and the execution, on the part of
England, would be alike distant, anti, consequently, was relying
that, through some signal success by the Portuguese insurgents,
the constitution would be overthrown before our troops could ar-
rive. This hope, on his side, was the leas absurd, inasmuch as it
was actually believed at Madrid, on the 212 d, that Oporto was in
the hands of the rebels. The intelligence of the arrival of the
English troops in Lisbon, which would reach Madrid by the 29th
lilt., would, no doubt (seeing Ferdinand'a previous disposition of
mind), strike astonishment and dismay into that scion of legiti-
macy. About the sth instant, says one of the Paris letters, it is
expected there will arrive frOm Madrid " a Royal submission,
couched' in the very lowest terms of humility."— Times.

Private letters from Lisbon mention that the 31 prisoners,
embarked on board of the steam vessel at Oporto, twice mutinied
in the course of the voyage to Lisbon, trying to compel the Cap-
tain to put into Vigo. The Captain, however, was able to resist
their attempts, and after quelling the riot, safely landed them in
Lisbon, to be tried as traitors. During the struggle, the greatest
consternation prevailed among the women, of whom there were
►pwards of 100 on hoard, as passengers.

Adviees have been received from Alexandria, in Egypt, to the
26th November. On the 17th of that month, the European
ships about to leave that port, homeward-hound, were laid under
an embargo, which, it was announced, would continue 48 hours
after the Egyptian fleet had sailed with the transports for the
Mores. The fleet was six days clearly out of the harbour. It
Consisted, altogether, of 78 vessels, including some fine frigates
and corvettes, two of which had recently arrived from Marseilles,
Where they had been built fur the service of the Pacha. There
were also several brigs of war manned with Arab sailors, who
have been lately disciplined on a new plan. The sailing of
the fleet was delayed some time, in consequence of an acci-
dens, by which a brig, filled with stores and ammunition, was
destroyed by fire. The cargo was entirely consumed; but the
soldiers and seamen on board effected their escape. On leaving
the harbour, three vessels ( Austrian transports) struck on the reefs,
and lay fir two days in great danger of being lost. 'l' he Paella was
determined to keep his fleet out at sea during the winter. Ile has is-
sued positive orders to the Commanders of the ships of war, that they
are on no pretence to return to the port of Alexandria, under pain of
death. The supplies which Ibrahim Pacha will receive by this
fleet would only he sufficient to enable him to maintain a defensive
Position. Mehemet Ali, it was generally supposed, was heartily
tired of the war, which has entailed upon him enormous ex-
Pences, and he would willingly withdraw from the contest, if he
Could do so in any safe and honourable way. lie had found that
to keep military possession of Greece was impossible, without
means which he cannot command. It was suspected that he
waited only for the interference of the European Powers, formally
to abandon the hopeless attempt in which lie had engaged. '['hose
who had some opportunity of arriving at a knowledge of his sen-
titnents, were of opinion, that when he entered into the war, he
'lid not believe it could possibly last more than three months. His
rash ambition has brought him to the brink of ruin ; his finances
are decayed, his country neglected, and his people grievously op..
Tressed. On the 25th of November, his fleet having departed,
and the embargo being removed, the Pacha left Alexandria for
,air°. His health had latterly been much impaired. His Ma-
Jetty's
ship the Seringapatam was to sail in a few days, taking
under convoy, several British vessels.— Chronicle.