The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-18 00:00:00

BIICRANAN V. GREEN.

The defendant in was a m aster tailor, em-
ploying no men," and he was indebted in the SUM of
141. some odd shillings, to the plaintiff, an attorney,
being the balance of former costs, with recent costs
added.

The Learned COMMISSIONER having ascertained that
the defendant could earn from 384 to 2/. a-week, and
that he rented a house of 361. per annum, ordered him
to pay monthly instalments of 1/., till the debt should
be liquidated.
The Commissioner cautioned debtors that they were
liable to imprisonment for forty days, on failure of each
instalment.

The remaining cases were similarly uninteresting.

CRIMINAL COURT:--THIS DAY.

OLD COUR''.

These sessions, the 142 d, and the 10th of the present
mayoralty, commenced this day, before the Lord Mayor,
the Common Sergeant, Alderman Sir James Duke, the
Sheriff, Under-Sheriff, &c.

There are 222 prisoners for trial, namely:—For mur-
der, 1; manslaughter, 3; cutting, stabbing, and wound-
ing with intent to murder or do grievous bodily harm.
12; highway robbery and assault, 2; arson, 1; rape, 1;
burglary, 11; horse stealing, 1; bigamy, 1; forgery,
and uttering forged instruments, 10; abetting and en-
ticirg to forge deeds, &c., 2; feloniously uttering and
unlawfully possessing counterfeit coin, 2; misdemeanours
of several descriptions, 12; embezzlement by clerks and
servants, 20; unnatural offence, 1; shoplifting, 2; shop-
breaking and larceny therein, 1; perjury, 1; conspiracy,
1 ; fraud, 1 ; obtaining goods and money by
false pretexts, 2 ; larceny, grand and petit, 50 ;
assaulting constables when on duty, 4 ; assaults with in-
tent to carnally know, 2 ; ditto, of other descriptions, 2 ;
stealing goods and moneys in dwelling-houses, 3 ditto,
from the person, 18 ; ditto, by domestic and other ser-
vants, 36 ; child-stealing and stripping, 2 ; letter steal
ing by postmen, 2 ; robbery in ports of entry and dis-
charge, 2 ; ditto, on the River Thames, 2 ; receiving
stolen property with a guilty knowledge, 8; housebreak-
ing and larceny therein, 3. London committals, 47; Mid-
dlesex ditto, 123 ; • Surrey ditto, 44 ; Kent, ditto 7 ;
Admiralty, ditto, 1.
Considering the long interval since the last session, the
calendar is not so heavy, in a numerical point of view, as
might have been expected, but the offences charged
aeainst the prisoners are of an unusually serious and
penal nature, indeed, more so, than has ever happened at
any corresponding session since the Court has been esta-
blished.
Beside one committal for murder, and three for man-
slaughter, there are the unprecedented number of twelve
charged with the un-Englisb, and until within these few
years, rare offence, of maliciously stabbing and cutting,
with intent to murder or maim, and do bodily harm.
There have been more tried in this Court ur this crime

during the last four years, than in the fourteen years'
preceding. The offence of embezzlement by clerks is
much on the increase, notwithstanding the condign pu-
nishments which have lately been awarded to it, there
tieing no less than twenty charged with it ; and thirty-
six servants of another description are committed for
robbing their employers. There are also the unusual
nein:her of ten charged with forgery, and eleven with bur
glary—offences which until of late years were generally
visited by capital punishment.
In addition to the above summary, there are a great
number of prisoners under a course of examination at
the various police courts ; so that it is probable that ere
the close of the week the number will be augmented to
nearly 300, exclusive of those who are at large on recog-
nizance.

The grand jury having been sworn, and silence hav-
ing been proclaimed in the usual form by Mr. Harker,
the officer of the Court,
Tile COMMON SERGEANT, in the absence of the Re-
corder, proceeded to deliver his charge to them. The
Learned Judge observed that the calendar presented about
the usual number of persons for trial, 222, and probably
before the close of the p.ession that number wou►d be in-
creased by the addition of 50 or 60. He was sorry to
say that.many of the charges were of a most ►serious
nature, but they required very little comment from him.
because generally the circumstances attendieg them
were of every-day occurrence. There was one charge
of stealing an exchequer bill, the property of the
Governor and Company of the Bank of England. Now a

The Cotton market at Liverpool on Saturday was steady.
Sales 5,0c0 bales, including 1,000 to 1,500 on speculation.
Shares were dull, there being but little doing.
We are glad to find from an article in a Montreal paper,
that the practicability of the profitable cultivation of hemp
is being fully tested by Colonel Delatre, in the Niagara Dis-
trict. The great cry from all parts of Canada is, as it must
be for years, " Increase our exports ; give us something
more to remit to England, in reduction of the terrible ba-
lance they annually exhibit against us, by placing her
millions of manufactures against our wheat, ashes,
staves, &c." England at present pays thousands annually
to Russia, for the large quantities of hemp imported ; and it
is a great pity that a country so adapted as is Western Ca-
nada to the production of this article, does not enter into the
trade with energy and perseverance.
The Montreal Gazette states :—" A gentleman recently
arrived in this city from a tour over the Upper Province, re-
ports extremely favourably of the wheat crops, and of? the
condition and prospects of that section of the province gene-
rally, and it is fully expected that when the canals are com-
pleted, a very large export trade to the West in British
manufactures will start. The operation of the American
Drawback Bill, he informs us. has so far been felt favourably,
as on many articles, which they are accustomed to get by
way of the States, they now pay the old instead of the high
duty."
At Niagara our informant found the cultivation of hemp
most successfully practised by Colonel Delatre, who had in
operation a scutchen mill worked by two horses. This gentle-
man is willing to afford inquirers any information relative
to its culture and treatment. There can be no doubt that
the cultivation of hemp might be carried on profitably to a
great extent in this country. The soil and climate are so
favourable to it that it grows wild and self-sown so as to
become a troublesome weed, and its high price per ton
renders it an article of easy freight. It is particularly
suited for cultivation, when, as at present, the price
of wheat is very low. Whenever the averages fall below
50s. they began to grow it extensively in Ireland, and when
prices of wheat begin to ascend, that again becomes the fa-
vourite article. But it has this advantage over wheat, that
it gives more employment to domestic industry, and, in par-
ticular, to females. The great difficulty hitherto has been
the scutchen by any machinery within the reach of the
farmer, but this, we understand, the gentleman we have
named has completely overcome.
Another minor article of export, but still one of which a
good deal might be made, and in our deficiency of exports
the smallest ought not to be overlooked, is cranberries. A
greater quantity of this fruit than people here would readily
believe, is imported into Britain, principally from Russia,
but to a considerable extent from Boston. Those of Canada
are greatly superior to the Russian, and the supply would
only be limited by the industry of the inhabitants in collect-
ing them.
In the London district, and generally in that stretching
from the upper shore of Lake Ontario to Lake Huron and
St. Clair, there is a great stock of very excellent cattle and
of sheep of superior quality, both for mutton and wool, feed-
ing on undulating downs, like the best of the south of Eng-
land. By judicious curing, and the protection of the British
differential duties, these might be made much more exten-
sively available for export than they are now.
The Public Secuiities have been quiet to-day, but the
quotations are firmer. The sales which were made on Sa-
turday have no further effect on the market. They were
said to be partly on account of the Scotch banks. Consols
realised 99 to 99% for ttansfer;to-morrow and 991 to 99%
for time. The premium on Exchequer-bills has been up to
495. and 535. On East India Bonds it is nominally 665.
Bank Stock is 2111, and East India Stock is 272. The New
Three-and-a Quarter per Cents. have been 1021/ to 102%,
and the Three per Cents. Reduced, 99% to 7.
The Foreign Bonds have been almost a dead letter, there
is so little doing. Mexican Five per Cents. have been firm
at 35 to 35%, and the Deferred at 19%. Peruvian Stock is
steady at 39 ; and Colombian at 17%. Dutch Four per
Cents. have been quiet at 100%.
The market for Railway Shares is moderately active.
The brokers, we are glad to observe, seem much more
disinclined to give countenance to a host of new
schemes, and the Committee of the Stock Exchange
do not publish a full list of the newest
lines, deeming sach publication, we presume, too strong en-
couragement for mere premium hunters. Much is in the
power of the brokers themselves in repressing speculation,
and if they do not exert their power, they must ultimately be
involved in the serious losses of many of their clients. Birming-
ham shares have impreved to 121 and 125 premium ; Great
Western are about the same as on Saturday; Bristol and
Exeter, Caledonian, and Eastera Counties are steady; the
Irish lines are firm, as also Brighton, Blackwall, Croydon,
London and York, South-Western, &c. There is less doing
in the French shares.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
Bank Stock 2?
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 99 4Fs
3 per Cent. Consols Anna. 99 /s A
New 314 per Cent. Annuties 102%%34
Long Annuities Expire sth Jan. 1860 —
Do. 30 Years, Expire Oct. 10,1859 ll 5-16
India Stock 272
Consols for Account
Exchequer Bills. iaAd. Pl2d.
1,000/.
........... .......... ..

5001.

Ditto Small
.. 53 51 inn.
t'RICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Columbian Bonds. 17%
Mexican Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cent. 35
Ditto for the Account. 3514 35
Ditto Deferred Stock 194
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cent 39
Dutch 21,E per Cents
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 10014
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE
O'CLueli.
RAILWAYS., PAID. PEICSJIARE.
Aberdeen
Armagh, Coleraine,Portrush 1%..... 2
Birmingham and Gloucester 100

Ditto, Dud Shares ......,.. 3 ...... 31/2 to
Birmingham and Oxford
Junction 2 . 5
Bristol and Exeter
Ditto New 2 ...... 111/2.-- to --
Bristol and Gloucester
Caledonian - to
Ditto Extension
Cambridge and Lincoln
Chester and Holyhead
Coventry, Nuneaton, Bir.,
and Leicester 1
E' irect Northern
Dublin and Belfast Junction 2% 7 to
Dublin and Galway 21/2
Eastern Counties
Do. New 4/. 16s 6% p... to 7
Do. Perpet. 5 per Ct. No. 1. 61.13 s 4d ..... to
DDiittttoo,(4duitatrot,erNso. 2. ... 13s. 4d. O% p... to
Eastern Union
Ditto Extension
Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O .. ... 88% to
121/2 2211/%... to
Ditto New 14 Shares 5 - to
Ely and Bedford l 14. 4%%... to
Great South and W. (Irish)
Great North of England 100 ......216
Ditto. New
;reat Western
Ditto % Shares 5O ll 9
. _

Ditto fifths
Hull and Selby 5O lO 5
Ditto, Half Shares
Lancaster and Carlisle... 25 ...... 66
Leicester and Birmingham... 225. O3/4 p to
Leicester and Bedford 22s. 256% p to
London and Birmingham lOO ...221 225 222 to 224
Ditto Thirds ......
Ditto Quarters . 2
London and Blackwall 1654- 103/4 to
Do. New l% 4V to
London and Brighton
London and Croydon... 131. 15s. 9d 24%4% to
Do. New
.1.34314 d%
Lon. & Manch. (Remington's)
London and South Western
78 78 to 79
Ditto New ...
21A 16 X... to 16%
Do. New
London and Y0rk....... ....... 24...••• 511
to 4%
Lynn and Dereham
Aanclie%,l and Leeds 76 .....201
Ditto 4 Shares
lianchester and Birminghani 40
Ditto New quarters......... 2 Bl4 to .

Fresh up from Essex, Kent, Cambridgeshire, and Lincoln-
shire, the arrivals of Wheat, of home produce, coastwise,
were again unusually large for the season, they having ex-
ceeded 4,000 quarters. Notwithstanding the speculative
feeling evinced here last week, a very extensive quantity
4.f wheat remained over on Friday last for this morning, con-
sequently the show of samples, independently of the supplies
by land-carriage, was exceedingly extensive. This circum-
stance, added to the favourable change is the weather for
harvest work, caused the demand for all kinds of English
Wheat to rule excessively heavy. Still, however, the factors
were firmer than could have been expected; yet, to effect
sales, they were compelled to submit to an abatement in the
currencies obtained on this day se'nnight, of from Is
to, in some few instances, 2s per quarter, yet a clearance
was not effected, and the market closed heavily.
The first parcels of new Wheat made their appearance here
to-day. They comprised about twenty-five quarters of Red,
the largest portion of which was grown by Mr. William
Blewitt, of Rainham, in Essex. The quality was by no
means first-rate, though it was better than we were pre-
pared to expect. The weight was about 60/ to 61 lbs. per
bushel, while the a-king prices varied from 64s to 70s. per
quarter. The parcels in question were in farmers' hands.
There was a trifling increase in the quantity of free Foreign
Wheat, the holders of which were again firm. A few of the
most superior descriptions were taken at about last week's
quotations ; but in other kinds exceedingly little was doing,
and the rates may be considered somewhat easier. The specu-
lative purchases effected in corn under lock, were quite unim-
portant ; nevertheless, we can notice no alteration in value.
The imports of Foreign Wheat during the week have ex-
ceeded those of the same period for a long time. Several
vessels were reported this morning, and we learn that several
others have passed the Sound, laden with grain for the London
market. Of English Barley scarcely a parcel was on offer;
but the supply of fine Foreign was moderately good, though
far from extensive. For grinding parcels we had a fair in-
quiry, at full quotations; but malting and distilling sorts
were heavy, at barely late rates. The quantity of Malt
offering—as will be perceived by our returns—was small.
Superfine White parcels were in fair request, at last
week's prices. In other kinds exceedingly little was doing.
The arrival of Oats from our coasts have been small ; but
the total supplies from Ireland and abroad have proved mo-
derately goed. Many of the dealers being shore of stock,
there was rather more doing in this article, and prices were
supported in every instance without any apparent difficulty.
The demand for Beans was in a sluggish state, yet no decline
was noticed in value. White Peas sold steadily; other kinds
slowly, at late rates. The Flour trade was again dull, at
about last week's figures. For most kinds of Seeds, we had
a dull sale, and prices were with difficulty supported.

'ERIAL MEASURE
Malt—Chevaller.... • • 63s to 645
Oats— Yorkshire and
Lincolnsh., Feed. 22s 23s
Potatoe 22s 241
Youghal• and Cork,
Black . ..... . 20s 21s
Cork, White . 21s 23s
Scotch, Feed..... 20s 22s
Beans—Tick . . ..... 36s 40s
Pigeons 3Bs 43$
Pease—Grey . •• • • 38s 405
Map1e...
White .••••• • • . • • 36s 39s
Boilers •.••• • • • • 40s 43s
Flour—Town-made .• . 425 493
Suffolk .•••• • • • • • 37s 40s
Stocktn & Norfolk 36s 405
93 FLOUR IN BOND.
Beans
Pease.
Flour—American .•• . • 19s 21s
Baltic ...

CURRENCY PER DU
Wheat—Essex & Kent,
Red . ..
Ditto, White.. s4s 65s
Norfolk and Lin-
coln, Red..... 48s 56s
Ditto, White 545 63s
Irish, Red • . —s
Ditto, White •-• • • • —s —s
Rye—Old .. ••• • .. --5 —s
New. .. 305 32s
Barley—Grinding . 25s 27s
Malting 30s 33s
Chevalier .. •• •• • • 34s —s
Malt—Suffolk and Nor-
folk • ... 58s 59s
Brown ... 52s 58s
Kingston and Ware 58s 63s
FOREIGN GRAIN Al
Wheat—Dantzic •• • • • • 468 to 48s
liamburgh • • 37s 42s
Barley .•... .• •
Oats--New .• • • . 19s 211
iced .. •.. • .. 15s 185
81VEZIIIFIEILD.
The imports of foreign stock for our market since this day
se'nnight have been again extensive—having amounted
to 230 Oxen and Cows from Holland, 31) ditto from Germany,
and 20 ditto from Spain. The receipts of Sheep have been
340 ; of Calves, 50 head, all from Rotterdam. At Hull, there
have been received about 100 Beasts and 50 Sheep. In to-
day's market we had on offer nearly 160 Beasts from Rotter-
dam, 20 ditto from Germany, 8 ditto from Spain, together
with 160 Sheep. The general quality of this stock was about
a full average ; indeed, there were some excellent Beasts on
show. The demand for them, however, was inactive,
and the quotations had a downward tendency. arising
from the large increase in the arrivals from our own districts.
From Norfolk, Suffolk, as well as our northern and midland
counties, the Bullock droves fresh up this morning were,
comparatively speaking, large, even for the time of year;
while a very great improvement was noticed in their general
quality; particularly in the Short-horns, Devons, Herefords,
and Runts; indeed, we may venture to observe, that a much
finer show was scarcely ever noticed here during the present
month. This may be chiefly attributed to the abundance of
pasture herbage. Prospectively. a further increase in quality
may be expected, consequently no immediate advance can
be anticipated in value. Although the attendance of buyers
was rather numerous, the Beef trade was in a very de-
pressed state, and, in most transactions, the quotations
ruled 2d per 81bs under those obtained on Mon-
day last. The highest figure for the best Scots
did not exceed 4s 2d per Blbs, and at which a clearance
was not effected. The numbers of Sheep were larger than
those exhibited for some time past. Although there was an
improvement in their condition, the primest old Dowris sold
at prices quite equal to those paid last week—.viz., from 4s
10d to 5s per 81b ; but all other breeds met a dull inquiry,
and the quotations were with difficulty supported. The
gradual increase in the receipts of Sheep, and the improve-
ment noticed in their quality, lead us to the con-
clusion that ere long, especially should the arrivals con-
tinue to improve (of which we have little doubt),
lower currencies will be accepted by the salesmen. The "sea-
son" for Lamb is now fast drawing to a close, yet the arrivals
from Kent, Sussex, and the Northern counties were again
large. For all kinds the demand ruled heavy at a depression
in value of 2d per 81bs. The very highest figure was ss. Bd.
per Sibs. On the whole we had a fair sale for Calves, and
last week's currencies were mostly supported. The best Pigs
were in demand ; but all other kinds were a dull inquiry.
There were on offer about 200 from Dublin and Cork.

Per Blbs. to sink the Ohl.

s. d. s. d. s. d. to S. d
Inferior Beasts ••• . 2 8 3 0 Second quality ditto 310 4 4
Second quality ditto. 3 2 3 4 Coarse-woolled ditto 4 6 4 8
Prime large Oxen.. 3 6 310 Southdown Wethers 410 6 0
Prime Scots •• • 4 0 4 2 Ditto out ofthe wool
Large coarse Calves 3 6 4 4 Large Hogs 3 0 3 8
Prime small ditto .. 4 6 410 Small Porkers .. 310 4 2
Suckling Calves, .18 0 30 0 Quarter old Pigs .. 16 0 19 0
(nferlor Sheep . 3 4 3 8 Lambs ••• • • 4 8 5 8
SUPPLY AT MARKET.
Beasts. Sheep. Calves. I
Pigs.
3,400 26,240 1134315
NEWOATE AND IMADENNALL.

The arrivals of slaughtered meat from Scotland, and dif-
ferent parts of England, since our last report, having been on
the decrease, our markets are now tolerably well cleared of
such receipts ; yet the supplies killed in the metropolis are mo-
derately extensive. Each kind of prime meat is selling
steadily, at full rates of currency : while the value of all
other qualities is well supported. We have had on sale thirty
carcasses of Dutch Beasts, and sixty ditto of Sheep.
The former have produced from 2s 10d to 3s 4d ; the latter
3s 4d to 4s per 81bs.

At per stone, by the Carcase.
s. d. to s. d. a. d. to s. d.
Beef, inferior.— 2 8 210 Mutton, inferior 3 4 310
middling .... 3 0 3 2 middling.. 4 0 4 4
prime large .. 3 4 3 6 -- prime .... 4 6 4 8
prime small .. 3 6 3 8 Pork, large.— ••.. 2 8 3 8
Veal ••••••••• • • • • • 3 10 410 small •••• 3 10 4 2
Lamb. 4s 10d to 5s 10d.
ARRIVALS DURING THE PAST WEEK.
Beasts Sheep Calves Pigs.
15 260 100
20 280 100
20 20
12 30

Scotland .....
Yorkshire ......
Lincolnshire ....
Norfolk ........
Suffolk
Cambridgeshire
Essex ..........

Surrey .. .
Devonshire .
Wiltshire • .....
Other parts

20 30 - -
22 60 120
27 1 50 130

I 8 60 70 70
30 150 100 200

Total .... ... ..... 184 1,010 280 :720
Previous week's arrival.... • • 214 1,280 280 1,030

Difference since oar last .. ..

30 270

BOROUGH AND SPITAIMIZZDS.
We scarcely ever recollect such large supplies of New Po-
tatoes on sale, nor at any previous corresponding period of
the year as at present ; yet the demand is active, at prices
varying from 2s 3d to 5s per cwt.

BOROUGH HOP MARKET.
Although the plantation accounts are still of a somewhat
unfavourable character, the business doing in this market is

COMMERCIAL STAiCISTICS ; a Digsst of the
Productive Resources, Commercial Legislation, 4-c.
of all Nations. By John Macgregor. 2 Vols.
[THIRD NOTICE.]
This is one of those works the closer examination
and more diligent perusal of which cannot fail to
confirm the favourable impression that a first and cur-
sory glance at its contents is sure to produce. The
second• volume is divided into sections, entitled re-
spectively, Ottoman Empire ; Greece ; African States;
Russian Empire; Sweden and Norway; Spain ; and
Portugal.
The first volume, comprehending these great ter-
ritorial divisions—namely, the Austrian Empire,
Belgium, Denmark, France, Holland, the Italian
States, Gibraltar, Malta, and the lonian Islands—we
have already noticed as abounding with an almost
incredible variety of statistical information, admirably
arranged and so digested as to be available for all
purposes of reference at a moment's notice. Perhaps
we know less in England of the commerce, resources,
and capabilities of the various Italian States and the
kingdom of the Two Sicilies than of any other
portion of Europe, with, perhaps, the solitary excep-
tion of the noble island of Sardinia. But for Capt.
Smyth's small but interesting volume, we can
scarcely boast an English authority on the topography
or modern condition of an island, which it is now
generally ,greed, in conformity with the antique
authority of Scylax, is entitled to rank before Sicily
in point of territorial extent, and is consequently to
be regarded as the brgest island in the Mediter-
ranean. They who do not happen to possess either
Capt. Smyth's book, or the Chevalier la Marmora's,
may be pleased with a few of the collections made
towards a statistical account of Sardinia by Mr. Craig,
an English resident there for many years, and by him
communicated to Mr. Macgregor. The population
of this island (140 nautical miles in length by an
average breadth of about 60) is probably 450,000.
" The present King and his Government seem now to
be seriously engaged in improving the condition of this
magnificent and fertile territory." • " The King has
assumed the place of the feudal barons, and bought •
their manorial rents at a value equal to twenty years'
purchase. Vassalage has been also made redeemable."
"It seems that corn is the principal article of export,
and in good years the total exportation from the
' island may amount to about 500,000 bushels of
wheat, 250,003 bushels of barley, 7,500 bushels of
maize, 125,000 bushels of beans, 250,000 bushels of
peas"—certainly an enormous surplus growth of
cereal products, and one which must supply the basis
of a most profitable and improvable foreign trade
The fisheries, too, must be most productive, if we
may judge from a detailed statement of the expenses
and receipts incurred and realised on 3,680 tunnies,
taken at Saline in 1823. The total of expenses, hire
of vessels and boats, wear and tear of nets, oil to pre-
serve part of fish (an item amounting to 9001.), cost
of barrels, victuals and wages of fishers, &c., was
5,1741. The total receipts, 14,6901., showing an
aggregate profit of 9,5161., or 186 per cent. Tobacco
and other commodities are subjects of royal monopoly,
but salt must yield to the Majesty of Sardinia a more
enormous revenue than the " Stade" Duties have
been wont to yield to the Crown of Hanover.
" Around Cagliari there are three natural salterns,
viz.: Molentargius, Spiaggia di Mezzo, and Rellone ;
there is also an artificial one at the Lazzaretto, and
another at St. Peter's Church, all of which belong. to
Government, and, if well regulated, would annually pro-
duce 90,000 satins (2 salms equal to 1 ton). Besides
these, there are four artificial salterns in the Gulf of
Cagliari, respectively called La Vittoria, Media-pleja,
Cortelonga, and La Maddalena, in favourable seasons,
yielding together about 12,000 salves ; these the king
has let out. The salterns at Teulada have been
abandoned for some years ; but, if attended to, would
probably yield upwards of 6,000 &alms ' • and those of
Orisrano, which produce only 4,000, might be increased
to 20,000 *alms. The salterns at Terranuova, though
much neglected, yield about 1,000 salms.
" His Majesty's expenses for producing the salt are
not mon.. than nine reals, or four-fifths of a dollar, per
calm, whilst his continental subjects are obliged to pay
for many thousand salute, at fifty dollars each ; the
Sards in general pay but five dollars the salrn, and the
capital is furnished gratis, in consequence of the salterns
ceded by the city 'to the king."

In the Papal States olive trees seem to be retiring
before the white mulberry (gelso) trees ; and the
Pontine Marshes continue, as of old, to be the scourge
and the disgrace, the granary and the grave of many
Romans.

" Olive plantations were long among the most pro-
ductive of inv, stments, but they are now less so than
the cultivation of the white mulberry (gelso), which
would spread widely were capital abundant. Vineyards
have been too largely spread, and give no returns equi-
valent to the outlay. The culture of wheat is diminished.
but from no other cause than the absence of external
demand, and the consequent decline of prices. Great
losses have been the result of the application of new
lands to corn production. Of late, an advance has taken
place in the prices of grain, but by no means sufficient to
repair the losses of years ; and it is scarcely to be ex-
pected that the cort► lauds, which had been so long a
source of ruin to the owners, should be again applied to
that species of culture. The more fertile lands of the
Muremma, will, no doubt, continue to be applied to the
growth of wheat, but only once in several years."
"Roman Marshes.—These extend from the confines
of Tuscany to the frontiers of the kingdom of the Two
Sicilies, and from the coast of the Mediterranean to the
Appenines. This territory is divided into about 600
farms of 500, 1,000, and 1,500 hectares each. The most
considerable of these is that of Camp'_unorto, situated in
the Pontine marshes, and belonging to the chapter of St.
Peter.

" There are only from 16,000 to 18,000 inhabitants of
the Maremma. The half savage peasantry of Sabino
and the Abrtizzo, to the amount of 25,000 or 30,000, come
down annually in the months of July and August to
gather in the harvest. The habitual unhealthiness of
the Maremma, and perhaps, still more the carelessness
and want of means of preserving their health, of this
wandering population soon destroys large numbers of
them.

The Maremma include the pontine marsheS, which,
in the time of the ancient Romans, contained several
cities. These marshes, covering a surface of nearly
19,000 hectares, extend to the south of Rome, from
Velletri to Terracine. Leo X. and Sextus V. have both
unsuccessfully endeavoured tcWdrain them. Still later,
Pius VI. undertook, for the same end, considerable
works, but with no better success, though at an expense
of 360,0001. Some parts, however, of the marshes were
drained. - The present Pope has given them to his
nephew, he Duke of Braschi.

M. de Prony, a French engineer, who was sent in
1812 to examine these marshes, estimated the total ex•
pense of their drainage at 400,0001."
We cannot too strongly recommend this noble
compilation of modern statistics, in every branch, to
the favour and attention of the public. It is wholly
without a rival.

Mr. Macready has, it is stated, concluded an en-
gagement with the manager of the Princess's Theatre for a
teem. He wiil appear early in November, and play six weeks;
after which he quits the metropolis again to complete some pro-
vincial arrangements, and returns to complete his number of
representations with Mr. Maddox.

A rept)rt was current at Borlin, on the ]1 th inst.
that the negotiations between the German Customs Union and
the Government of Brazil have been broken off.
CAMBERWELL FAIR.—Not withstanding the fre-
quent complaints made by the inhabitants of Camberwell of
the nuisance to which they are subjected by continuing this
lair, it opened this day, as usual, on Camberwell-green.