The Sun.
London, England, 1842-10-25 00:00:00

No. 15,652.

7,4
jete •
I OND N "'CITES D V
4, ' 111- , 11; ikNa .3413
5. • 0 C oBER. 25 , 1842.
s,

PRICE sd.

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TO SHOP-FITTERS. LABELLERS, CHEMISTS AND
DRUGGISTS, AND OTHERS.
THE COUNCIL of the PHARMACEUTICAL
SOCIETY having received information that imitations
of the Diploma of the Society have been executed, or are in
process of execution, on Bottles, Jars, Labels, Transparer.cies,
&c., Notice is hereby given, that such imitations are an in-
fringement of the Law of Copyright, and that application will
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PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.—The im-
provements introduced in " Beard's" Process, render
those likenesses unerring reflections of face, figure, and dress.
Portraits and Groups of varigus sizes, in Frames, Cases,
Lockets, Brooches, and Rings, in an elegant style.
Royal Polytechnic Institution, Regent-street; 34, Parlia-
ment-street ; and 85, King Williaua-street, City.

In 3 yob. 80..,,price 12. 115. 6d. Second. Edition.
pßorEssoh. SMYTII'S LECTURES on the
FRENCH REVOLUTION.
William Pickering, London ; and J. and J. J. Deighton,
Cambridge.

Now ready, in 3 V°ls , post. Bvo., with numerous Illustrations
by Leech,
RICITARD SAVAGE.
A ROMANCE OF REAL LIFE.
By CHARLES WHITEHEAD.
Author of " The Solitary," Bce..
• - - •

" Displays great dramatic skill and po-vi:er. The interest
indeed, kept up to the last, and many of the scenes exhibit
much vividness and graphic vigour of description."—Observer.
Richard Bentley, Ne w Burlington-street.

** To be had at all the Libraries.

Now Ready, complete in 3 vols. post Svo.,
THE MISER'S DAUGHTER
•
By W. HARRISON AINSWORTH. Esq.
With Twenty Illustrations on Steel, by George Cruikshank.
" For truthfulness of description or effective dialogue—f,r
interesting incident and careful construction of story—the
Miser's Daughter' is not surpassed by any preceding produc-
tion from the pen of its prolific auth.ir. If its success be equal
to its merits it will be one of the most extensively circulated of
Mr. Ainsworth's works. George Cruickshank's engravings are
perfection itself."—Observer.
Cunningham and Mortimer, Publishers, Adelaide-street,
Trafalgar-square.

OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
RAJ The COLOSSAL ELECTRICAL MACHINE, ex-
hibiting the varied and beautiful Phenomena of ELECTRIC
LIGHT,. the AURORA BOREALIS, &c. &c. is shown
Daily at Three o'clock, and at Eight in the Evenings. Three
excellent SPECIMENS of MACHINERY have just been
completed, and are now at work by Steam Povror, in the Hall of
Manufactures. CALOTYPE PORTRAITS taken daily by
Mr. Cohen. The Weekly List of POPULAR LECTURES
delivered by Dr. Ryan, Professor Baehhoffner, and the other
Lecturers, with the appointed hours for each, is suspended
in the Hall. The fine Exterior of SAINT PRTER'S at
ROME, and the Interior of the CHAPEL of ST. HELENA.
at JERUSALEM, the latter after D. Roberts, R.A. (pub-
lished by Mr. Moon), are among the latest additions te the
ENLARGED DISSOLVING VIEWS. The ORRERY,
DIVING BELL. DIVER, &c. &c. To the COSMORANIIC
VIEWS, shown in the Evenings, a beautiful addition has just
been made. Conductor of the Band, Mr. Wallis.—Admis-
sion, Is. Schools, half-price.

0 AR and CANDLE LAM PS.—A Solar
1.7 Lamp to burn common Oil without smoke or smell,
225. 6d. ; a Palmer's Patent Candle Lamp to give the light of
two moud candles, burnished, with glass shade, 9s. ; Hot
Water Dishes for Venison, Bcef-steak, or Stews ; a set of Six
London-made Patent Dish Covers, 30s ; Fenders, 3ft., 55.,
3ft. Gin., Os. if bronzed. 3k, 63., 31t. Gin., Ss. ; Fire Irons,
3s. 6d. ; Coal Scuttles, Paper and Japan Tea Trays, and every
article in FurniAting Hardware, at reduced Prices.
FRUIT DESSERT KNIVES with FRENCH FORKS. of
C. WA TS° N'S (late Alderman ) : NEW ALBATA. PL ATE-
(which is so rap;dly superseding_Silver) in sAs of 24 pieces,
with Ivory handles, 455. ; carved Ivory handles, 50s. ; Albert-
, pattern.handies, 50s. ; if in mahogany cases iqs. extra.
C. W. begs the Public will understand this metal is pecu-
liarly his own, acid is mamtfactured into every Article for the
Table and Sideboard. Export and Wholesale Orders promptly
executed on advantageous Terms. Exolusive Warehouses, 41
and 42, Barbican, and 16, Norton Folgate, Established 50 Years.

IVATCHES by WEBSTER AND SON,
Chronometer )fakers to the Lords of the Admiralty,
established 132 years, 3, Bircisiind.;ne, The finest description
of Watches at the lowest prices, consistent with maintaining
that character for superiority of workmanship which has dis-
tinguished their establishment doting so long a period. The
Compensated Duplex Watch, upon the principle of their Chro-
nometers, to which Government awarded the prizes three suc-
cessive years, combines perfect accuracy with the utmost ele-
gance and is not surpassed by the Pocket Chronometer. W.
and ion have devoted considerable time and attention to the
manufacture of the Ntent Lever Watch, and considerably
reduced the price; likewise the mall Bori;ontal, for ladies.
They can offer a large selection of Second-hand Watches, at
little above have the original cost. The utmost value allowed
for old Watches. in exchange. The most experienced work-
men in the repairing department are employed on the premises,
for foreign and English manufacture.
WEBSTER and SON, 3, Birchin-lane, Cornhill, London.

NEW EDITIONS OF MR. CURTIS'S WORKS 0 N
THE EAR.

SINICO'S CHEMICAL ESSENCE OF LIN:
SEED, an invaluable remedy for COUGHS, COLDS;
HOARSENESS, ASTHMA, INFLUENZA, and INCI-
PIENT CONSUMPTION. Price Is. 10. and 2s. 91. per
Bottle.

ATREATISE on the DISEASES of the EAR,
with CASES and PLATES. Sixth Edition, 7s. 6d.
" The best treatise On the ear extant."—M, tropolitan Mag.
2. An ESSAY on the DEAF and DUM IS, with Cases and
Plates. Second Edition, price 10s, 6d.
Mr. Curtis's cases and suggestions deserve consideration."
—Medico- Chirurgieal Review.
3. Ihe PRESENT STATE of AURAL SURGERY,
containing Remarks on Deafness, &c., founded on the expe-
rience of upwards of 30,000 cases; with Strictures on Cathe-
terise and the alleged Cure of Throat Deafness by excision of
the Tonsils and Uvula. Second Edition, price Is. 6d.
" Interesting to the profession and all classes."—Lit. Gaz.
" The Author appears well versed in its diseases."—Lancet.
" Mr. Curtis has done more for the cure of diseases of the
ear than any other luau living."—Monthly Magazine.
Longman and Co. ; and J. Churchill, Princes-street, Soho.

From time immemorial Linseed has been proverbial for its
virtues in the cure of Coughs and Colds ; but previous to the
discovery of the present Chemical Essence, it was merely used
in the form of tea, and its benefit comparatively limited. This
Essence contains All the medicinal properties of Linseed in a
highly concentrated form, combined with other medicinal% and
herbs, producing the most certain and efficacious reMedy for
Coughs which has yet been discovered.
Children's Coughs; as recent ones in Adults, will be re-
moved by a few doses of Rimco's Essence, of Linseed (frequently
by the first); old standing Chronic Coughs may require per-
severance, but they ultimately yield to its curative powers.
Asthmatic persons, who previously had not'been able to lie
down in bed, haze received the utmost benefit, and others suf-
fering from Influenza have been speedily cared by this valuable
medicine.

sible objection can the " country" make to so
harmless a proposal, when it " expends" already
and habitually an indefinite nuniber of millions
per annum ? All " we" want is to appropriate
a trifling portion of this enormous existing ex-
penditure ; such an application will of course rob
nobody. But to proceed—s" a certain sum of.mo-
uey—say 50,0001.;" SAY 50,9001.! How deli-
cate the allusion to a certain other rint !
How forcible the hint of the purposes to
which both may be applied. " I,ooo—say 1,0001.,"
was the price of a well-known Irish borough ;
the 50,0001.—sag 50,000/., will, therefore, pur-
chase just fifty English or Scotch seats at the
same price. " This 50,000/.," the Chairman con
tinues, "is just 1,000,000 shillings—just a half-
penny per head from the whole population."
"The 2,000,00(1 of people" (query, names and
marks; and how many people such names and
marks represented?) "who petitioned Parlia-
ment last session can easily 'raise this sum. The
50,000/. then will' be obtained." We fear
this will prove a-most lame and impotent conclu-
sion. Two millions of people can subscribe, IF
they have got it to spare, sixpence each. No
doubt of it :—but•whether, taking them one with
anotheeTtlf-erhave at '46 i;pare, or, having to
spare, will afford to pay,: these same visionary
sixpences, is a very differentquestion. However,
we are not left to this infallible arithmetic only
for support .to our conclusions. The' follow-
ing powerful organization is morally certain
to insure that suocess which, as we have
seen, admits not of mathematical demonstration.
First, there are to be missionary agents to every
elector through the country —with, not merely a
pamphlet or tracts, but a little library of infor-
mation ! Secondly, collecteis are to be commis-
sioned with beautifully engraved subscription
cards, each having a duplicate. Thirdly, we are
to have the ladies, Lord Radnor, and Mr. Vil-
liers. But we should not do justice•to this part
of the scheme, unless we quoted the Chairman's
rersion of it entire :
"We know the unwearied eNertions made by the
ladies during [the bazaar—(4plause)—but. in a
scheme like this we dare not overlook the claims our
cause has upon them, even on this occasion. We
have, therefore; devised, more especially fur there as-
sistance, a handsome and beautifully-engraved card,
which .will b 3 placed in the hands of any lady anxious
to fill one. [The Chairman here exhibited a card
about ten inches by 7 inches, with an exquisitely de..
signed border.] It is headed by PQrtr4if aphe Bart
of Rqdmtr. (me one of 'our leading friends in
the House of Lords ; and on the other is a portrait of
Mr. Villiers, the leader of our question in the House
of Commons."
Lastly, there are to be. maps, Dissenting mi-
nister4l tClasPAltties, nri operatives. "We look
to every operative, every minister (of whatever
denomination), and every philanthropist !
Under these auspices, of course the ririt 3is
safe, We can imagine tha glee with which
"every elector" will welcome the "condensed

missionary library " which is to be so munifi-
cently bestowed upon him; how he will gbay
devour the close columns of small owilibethlook.
lug. printing whinli is thiN tole thrust upon him,
and how he will forthwith, on the perusal, come
down with the price of the library, aod sixpence
besides, towards the " riot," as a sort of specu-
lation which he may safely venture upon—al-vox--
periment towards procuring a NI in the price of
provisions, Just as other "missionary" tracts
procure other, and not very different or much
less foolish, pecuniary speculations. But more
than all, we rely on the
" ladies," the female
leaguers, armed each with her Midas picture of
Lord Radnor and Mr. Villjem
whieh is to turn
every thing it touches into gold.
C EIRONICLE.—Never d:d a pack of ravenous
and rabid dogs fling themselves upon a bone
with more savage and canine delight than the
French journals on Iprd. Aberdeen's letter to the
Lords of the Admiralty. This letter proved that
all their complaints were well founded. If the
extravagant rumours of depots. sacked, ex-go-
veraor's daughter shot, and whole coasts ravaged
were true, then, of course; all the outrages upon
French vessels must be true. The British navy
and its officers are nothing but a nest and a horde
something that gives some semblance to such a
calumny, but he proclaims it to Europe. And
Europe is delighted, delighted at the condemna-
tion by a British Minister, of the first forcln at
least hitherto, in the world, both in a, enoeal and
physical sense. 'But Lord Aberdeen has under-
taken to destroy at least the moral grandeur and
superiority of the British navy. Even had he
thought that the orders given by, a Minister
zealous for the extirpation
and executed with activity and vigour, required
some modification to parade this to the world—
in the way Lord Aberdeen has done—shame,
shame ! If every act, liable misrepresenta-
tion,oftoeslatrade,
which passes on board ships, or in our
armies, or M. administrations, were published,
and not only one's own country, but the rest of
the world called on to join in the condemnation,
how could honourable men and-honourable ser-
vices bear such humiliation ? But the Tories
have but one wish, and that is, to bring down
English trade, English character, and English
supremacy, to a level with their own chicken-
eenctorl Lord to America to
ession of every Ame-
epssefaceTtyeyths
ar
cr
hoseted
Ame-
rican demand. They are about to give up to
the French the treaties of 1831 and 1833,
and they wish to throw the blame of
such weakness from off themselves, and
on the British navy. It is the first time that
the character of our officers was sacrificed in
order to cover acts of diplomatic pusillanimity.
In the same way Affghanistan is to be left to its
triumphs. And why ? Because the British
army, or a detachment
,pf it, were falsely accused
of having committed such excesses at a village
in the mountain, that there would be danger in
trusting the disorderly rabble of our army at
Caubul. Thus do the Tories mistrust every ele-
ment of English force and English character.
Now it is the army, now the navy, then the
country itself. Right is ceded after right, claim
after claim, and the only mode taken for render-
ing the British lion secure, 'is to shear off his
mane and. claws, tell the world how ferocious he
was and how ill-behaved, but that now under his
present keepers he is well-caged and nowise to
be feared.—Such is the policy of
Lord Aberdeen.
GLOBE.—The Post continte to publish in-
stances of the annoyaneeS and injuries inflicted
on her Majesty's subjects by the measures of her
Majesty's Ministers. The facts on which our
Contemporary's strictures are founded—and by
which they are fully supported and j
doubtless sent for insertion inkhis columns for two
special reasons. The first is, that the Post being
the most devoted of the journals which profess to
support the Government, nosuspicion can po3sibly
arise in the public mind as to the integrity of the
statements. The organ of the Ministry would not.
evidence, except upon unquestionable Vid condemn
thegrand financial measure of the Ministry ; is
the conclusion to which all vho read will almost
instinctively arrive. :The second is, that as the
Premier and his colleagues read (as matter of
course) the journals which profess to support their
policy, they may therein see that the IneOrne-
Tax, on which they professed to base theirclaims
to national confidence, is really ic too bad" to
be endured by any portion of the community.
Whigs and Tories—the entire mass of the people,
without respect to creed or party—unite in con-
demning both its spirit and its tendency—its.
principle and its details. The impost, because of its
unequal and oppressive exaction;--its operation
because of the trouble and vexation it infliets by
its requisitions; the odious scrutiny it institutes
into the private affairs of individuals—matters
concerning which no Government, in a free
country, has a right to demand a disclosure; and
the insults to which individuals who ma.).,
be made
the subjects of surcharge are exposed by the
ignorant and unmannerly officials to whom, in
many places, the working of the machinery of the
measure has been committed. . Sir Robert Peel
may thus plainly see in the, concurring testimony
of the different journals—however opposite
their views on other questions—that the nation is
unanimous in condemning his grand financial
expedient. There is at least one common ground
Which. Ministerial and Opposition organs agree
to occupy : they vie"with each other in denounc-
ing the Income-tax—as unjustifiable in prin•
ciple or as insupportable in operation. The
blister-plaister" is bringing down anathemas
upon the head of the physician ; even the a low
diet" which accompanies the drawing process of
the tax, increases the irritation ! Not con-
tent with requiring that every individual should
make " a fair and honest return of his income,"
in order to an assessment being made upon him

for the purposes of. Act, the. Tax-office
agents--fortified by the hungling phraseology
or the Act—require him to " furnish returns in
this, that, or the other place, in which the
assessor may prefer that the return should be
made." In exemplication of this capricious mode
of dealing with—the Post calls it "tormenting"
—her Majesty's subjects, our Contemporary and
able coadjutor, in exposing and denouncing this
atrocious experiment upon the powers of en-
durance possessed by Luglhmen, mentions the
following as a numerous class of the annoyances
to which they are subjected by a Tory Govern-
ment :
" Let us suppose A. B. to have been served in the
month of August, at his dwelling-house, with a paper
commanding him to make a return of his income in a
certain way which that paper points out, and to do so
before the 20th of the month. He complies to the
very letter with this direction, and honestly returns
all his income as directed by that paper. After he has
made his just and fair return, another notice is served
upon hint in another place to make a return. He an-
swers that his return is already made, and he states
where. He therefore has nothing further to return.
This happens in August.. In October the assessor of
the district in which he declined to make a second re-
turn, sends him a message that he must make his re-
turn within that district, although he has made it long
ago in another, and has doubtless been assessed ac-
cordingly."
We add our testimony to that of the Post, and
assure our readers that " this is no supposed case,
but an actual case. It is no isolated case, but a
case of which we are in a condition to furnish a

formidable plurality of instances to any person
in authority who may demand them." The course
we recommend in such cases is, to pay no atten-
tion to the second or third " notice-paper."
Having made a " fair and honest return of in-
come," in compliance with the first notice, abide
by it; pay the district collector upon it; and
having taken his receipt, produce it, in proof that
the amount claimed by the Government has been
satisfied.

STANDARD.—A private letter has reached
us from Cape Town, along with a file. of news-.
papers of the sth of August. They are filled
with complaints of the conduct of Colonel Cloete
in having given a free pardon to the Boers be-
fore he had secured the return of their prisoners;
but no such stipulation was of course neces-
sary ; and, a 3 for the conciliatory eoaduct he has
displayed, we have no reason whatever to question
its propriety. The sooner such a dipposition is
evinced under such ehAeumstances, the more graco
ful the coneession; and that the Dutch emigrants
hod much reasonable ground of complaint cannot
be doubted. Under proper manilgement, they
will, we doubt not, tun out, excellent subjects.
We do not, however, Wonder at the .exaspera-
tien which preVans in the colony against the
Insurgents. The conciliatory conduct of Colonel
C:oete towards the rebels has been, we doubt
not, in accordance with his instructions, and
had he received no such instructions, it
would have been precisely the course sug-
gested by the• circumstances of the case. Hav-
ing suppressed the insurgents, the Bri-
tish representative may afford to display a more
decidedly conciliatory policy towards them than
would have been wise under other circumstances.
It appears that the termination of the dispute is
not ill-timed, for that the Dutch emigrants from
all parts of the country were marching to the
assistance of their countrymen. Since writing
the above, we have received the South African
Advertiser of the Gth, which announces the re-
turn of a portion of the troops under the com-
mand of Colonel Cloete, and the total submission
of the BOON, who hall released the whole of
their prisoners; whether soldiers 'or civilians.

should interfere to disturb the present calm in the
hemisphere,political
it is b
ory n
ino in
the apparent
eapipmaorerobntaqbe thatulietneie
quietness of
affairs at home,
Chancellor of the Exchequer may find himself in a
situation to carry out a conversion of the Reduced
Three-and-a-Hall per Cent. Annuities, amounting
to 66,273,320/. ; and of the New Three-and-a-Half
rer Cent. Annuities, amounting to 146,229,682/.,
together 212,503,002/., into a Three per Cent. Stock :
thus reducing the charge of interest for the public
debt by the sum of one million sterling annually. By
operations of that description, the annual charge has,
on previous occasions, been lessened by the smirof
2,355,84G1. per annum. These transactions took
place in the years 1822, 1826, 1830, and 1834, as ap-
pears by the subjoined statement :
RESULTS OF CONVERSIONS.

CAPITAL. INTRAEGT.
Old. I New. Old. New.
1--
1822. 1:
Navy Five per
Cents. (less
paid off dis-
sentients—
. 2,794,3181.). 149.627,825 7,481,3911 .....
Into New Four
per Cents.
(with a bonus
of Fiva per CL
7,481,3931.)
1826.
Old Four per
Cents. (less
paid off dis-
sentients—
-6,149,246L ) 70,105,403'
Into Three.and-
,
a-Half per
Cts. Reduced! 70,105,40, ... 2,453,619
1830.
New Four per
Cents. (less,
paid off dis-
sentieuts-
-2,649,366/. ). 151,021,728
Into New Three ,
and- a - Halt
per Cents..... 150,344,051,
Into New Five V 3,'85,759
per Cents..... 474,374 ..,
1834.
Four per Cents.
1826.... 10,622,911 424,916 .
Into New Three
and - a - Half
per Cents..... ..... 110,622,911
381,377,867 385.,655,957 16,751,39: 14,395,546
Iner. of Capital'
Dee. of Interest 0.355 F 446
The Navy Five per Cents. were thus converted
into a Four per Cent. Stock in 1822 ; the Old Four

The Navy Five per Cents. were thus converted
into a Four per Cent. Stock in 1822 ; the Old Four
per Cents. into Threar-and-a-Half per Csnts. Re-
duced in 1826 ; the New Four per Cents. into New
Three-and-a-Half per Cents. and Five per Cents. in
1830 • and the Four per Cents. into New Three-and-
a-Haff per Cents. ;in 1834, creating an increase of
7,278,000/. to the capital debt, but diminishing the
annual charge 2,355,846/. If the price of Three-
and-a-Half per Gaits. Reduced were to rise to 102 k
(they are now 1..00k), and Consols to rise in the same
ratio, Mr. Gor.'iburn, taking advantage of the state
of the Money 'Market, would say to the holders of
" Reduced" , in conformity with the contract, " I
shill pay yoat off at a par, or give you a Three per
Cent. Stocla in your option, with a bonus." it is not
likely that,the "dissentients" would be very large,
seeing than; if they took bank-notes in place of Stock,
they coil]. 1 n A lend them at more than 2 per cent.,
while thr! latter would carry 3 per cent. interest. In
1822, 'i' will be seen by the above table, that the dis-
sentie-,ts were 2,794,3181., and the bonus amounted
to 7,481,393/., on a capital to convert of 149,627,8251. •
Supposing that the conversion of the .Three-and-a-
-' Half per Cents. Reduced and New Three-and-a-
II alf per Cents. was now carried through on a capital
0f'212,503,0021., there would nodoubt'be an increase
tc, the capital of the national debt of several millions,
Tarith a. saving of 4000,000/. in round numbers on'
the annual charge. _ - -
iPOST.—The following account of the gross and
net receipts 'of the German Custom-house League,
from the period of the original organisation of the sys-
tent,
is extracted from the Journal de Frankfort. The
increase of revenue has, as it will be seen on a cursory
examination of the figures, been proceeding with con-
siderable rapidity; but what may, perhaps, be re-
garded as a more remarkable circumstance is the fact
Of the expense of collection having augmented to an
extent that Would-seem to be so very materially be-
yond its just and natural proportion :
Year. Gross. Net.
1834 25,402,515 florins 21,312,831 florins
1835 29,015,240 ... 24,901,023 ...
1836 31,710,022 ... 27,798,219 - ...
1837 30,970,268 .. 27,054,832 ...
1838 36,208,754 .. 31,238,722 ..
1839 35,996,601 .. 35,996,601 ..
1 1840 37,265,156 ... 33,284,541 ..
1841 45,853,787 .. 34,387,500 ..
• It gives pleasure to find the novel and monstrous
doctrine of repudiation at last taken up in earnest
and with indignation by those whose sentiments have
weight, and the names of Webster, Hamilton, and
Speed, will be handed down as those of the pioneers
of a better tone of feeling—a return to the straight
path of national honesty.
A few extracts are given :
" My purpose of writing to you is to put you in
possession of a knowledge of the condition of Ameri-
can credit in Europe, with a suggestion of the indis-
pensable necessity of our doing something at hoine to
meet the truly alarming crisis which this state of
things presents."
"Without defending the profuse confidence with
which the English capitalists lent their money during
the years 1830 t 0,1840, the writer proceeds to say—
" They did this, however, out of Vie excess of a
virtue which may have been pushed to the extent of
rather an amiable than criminal I,..eakness, for they
generally made these loans - at a 'less rate than they •
could be effected at, if at all, at b ante, and apparently
for objects of great public utility,
"This confidence was
t?"'iver, to our young country,
because our resources (in no degree exae•gerated)
faa ieca
were considered immense, a - • ' use it was thought
as we are of the Saxon ~ ,
• family, we are essentially a
debt-paying people.
"You will say, ' I am sure this facility.of barrow.:
ing has been a great curse to us.' This I admit to
be true to a certair
a curse by the no extent ; but it was converted into
of the Ur _ion of our Government on the cur-
rency'.ited States. Under judicious regula-
tions and PrO..ential guards, a state of things more
propitious to the development of the resources of a
young contatry, like ours, borrowing of an old one its
capital to invigorate its labour at a low rate of inte-
rest can' aot well be conceived.
, "13e .t if you consider this faculty of borrowing
apr°2l,l to be as an evil, you may certainly console
your self with the conviction that it no longer exists,
alts tough I am equally convinced you will regret the
er .use which has produced this want of all confidence
I.n the faith of the people of the United States, and the ,
consequences which have followed in fixing so severe
a stigma on the character of our country. It is ab-
surd for us to talk in America that we do not want
the capital of Europe, at the very moment when the
General Government of the States have sent an agent
abroad to borrow for its daily bread . . . • _
the
" Let me now give you a brief statement of
present condition of American credit in Europe, and
Nvithout presuming to suggest a remedy,
to inquire of
you whether the force of public opinion
do
anything)(if Congress
has not the constitutional competency to
the
defaulting
acting through the Legislatures i
States, cannot be made sufficiently potent to convince
them of the truth and force of the old adage, that,
`honesty' is the best policy.'
after all, in the long run,
The first branch of my subject
I can discuss in a very few words. As our old friend
Randolph used to say, American credit is killed 'stone
dead.' Joha J. Aston might obtain art uncovered
credit for a reasonable amount (where he was known);
and Mr. Bates, of the hottm of Baring;, by wearing
out a pair of shoes in walking from the Mansion-
house to the Minories, might sell fifteen hundred
pounds worth of Massachusetts stock, with hirge con-
cessions to the buyer. The fact is not to be concealed
that we begin to be regartled as a nation of
sharpers
and swindlers, with whom, if the day of judgment
should happen to be Monday, our pay-day° „ill
not be until the Tuesday following. This revulsion
of confidence does not arise so much from a discredit
which attaches to our resources, or, in other words,
our ability to pay, i
as our seeming indisposition to
Pay."
TIMES.—Much surprise has been expressed by
at
several. correspondents the • • fect
an
notices which have slight arid unper
peared under this head of the
extensive frauds on the revenue lately under investi-
gation by the Commisa loners of the 'Customs. This
was, however, purpose ly done. We were. perfectly
aware of the current st itements in the City
respect-
ing these frauds, but hi
!ard at the same time such ac-
counts Gf the characte r of the party upon whom the
Commissioners relied in that investigation, as led
us to regard the : wbole . proceeding with. the

PATENT LEVER IV A.TCHES.—This
cele-
brated construction (the most accurate on which a watch
can be made) is now offered at the following prices, with the
latest imprevements, i. e. the detached escapement, jewelled in
four holes, hand to mark the seconds, and maintaining powet to
continue going while winding up.

SILVER CASES.
With double-bottomed cases, capped £6 6 0
With hunting cases, capped ... 6 16 6
GOLD CASES.
Size for Ladies, with elegant gold dia1.....£12 12 0
Ditto,,ei in double-backed cases.. 14 14 0
Size for Gefitlemen, enamelled dial l3 13 0
Ditto, extra full size, capped l7 17 0

A pamphlet, containing observations respecting the various
constructions on which Watches are made, with the prices both
in gold and silver cases, and a variety of sketches of new de•
signs, which have just been completed in gold Chains, will be
.lents gratis and postage free, on application by letter to T.
Cox Savory, Watchmaker, 47, Cornhill, London, seven doors
from Ciracechurch-street.

GERARD'S HALL TAVERN.
On Tuesday last, the 17th anniversary dinner took
place at the above establishment. The chair was
ably filled by E. Eagleton, Esq., supported on his
right and left by gentlemen of the Common Council;
there were also present several gentlemen connected
with the chief leading houses in the City, together
with a number of commercial travellers. The deputy
chair was. filled by Mr. Walker, representative of
one of the largest houses in the Manchester trade in
the City. The room, which is considered second best
in London, was well filled. Mr. Ransford and party
were present, and sang several songs and glees. After
the usual toasts had been gone through, the Chair-
man, in a very appropriate speech, extolled the excel-
lent manner in which the house was conducted. Mr.
"Walker, the deputy, also said, as a commercial house,
it was known throughout the three kingdoms, and
patronised by more commercial travellers than any
other house in London. He proposed that in future
it be called the "Travellers' Hall." The &nor was
well arranged, the wines excellent, and every thing
went off harmoniously. Nearly 200 sat down to
dinner.

MONEY MAR,KET and NEWS.

FROM TUE MORNING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.-
HERALD.—Two important steps have been
gained towards the projected alteration in the hours
for business, in commencing 'Change earlier, accord-'
ing to the recommendation of the Committee, and
making new regulations for public sales in the pro-
duce iniirket; the success of the former, however,
greatly depending upon the latter. The plan adopted
in Mincing-lane for bringing goods to auction has
long been considered by all interested to be such as
to require revision. It frequently happens that these
sales are so numerous as wholly to preclude'buyers
from examining the samples in the short space of
time allotted for the purpose, or to allow attendance
at some of their, because to get through them by
"'Change time," two and sometimes more brokers
are selling similar produce at one time in different
parts of the market. This was also done with regard
to drug sales, until that trade resolved that they
would attend but every alternate Thursday, and then
only provided a catalogue was sent in time sufficient
to allow them to devote the entire of Wednesday
to going over the various articles. • These regula-
tions have been found to work well, and might
be applied to other goods with equal benefit as
to saving time. It is stated that coffee, sugar,
&c., might be shown the day before the sales,
which, if they commenced at ten o'clock, as was
the case when the East India Company existed, would
terminate long before two; the intervening time be-
tween that hour and 'Change; would then be devoted
to making arrangements for theucceeding day. The
great cause of this bustle is thAxtreme hurry with
which importers force their consignments forward ; it
being of not unfrequent occurrence for goods to be
printed in catalogues before they be landed- from the
ship, and an every-day one for the advertisement of
the sale to appear immediately upon the arrival off the
coast. An instance is on record of a large parcel of
goods being announced for sale in a fortnight from
the time when it had been ascertained the vessels in
which they were had sailed from St. Helena. This
hurry is productive also of the inconvenience of pre-
venting purchasers from obtaining the delivery of the
goods for some-time after the sale, in consequence of
the impossibility of performing the necessary prelimi-
nary operations; and if the regulations be to be fully
carried out, it is the buyers who apparently will have
to do it by steadily and firmly refusing to look at
goods which are not in a state for shipment when
offered. It is said that more time is lost by the clerks
of foreign merchants in running backward and for-
ward for warrants which are not ready, as well as by
those of the sellers to the docks to expedite the pre-
paration of these indispensible documents, when a
delay of three or four days in bringing the goods to
sale would have obviated all this bustle and unneces-
sary trouble.

---
CA UTION.-MECHI'S MAGIC STROP.
" The Real Magic Strop"—" The Double Magic
Strop"—" The Magic Strop"—are all base imitations of
Mechi's Magic Strop. None are genuine without Arechi's
name, which they dare not use; yet, strange to say, many
Perfumers, calling themselves respectable, endeavour to palm
this rubbish (they cost from 3d. to sd. each in Sheffield) on
the public as Mechi's genuine Strop, although they possess no
sharpening properties whatever, but the very reverse.—The
well known MAGIC PASTE is an invaluable auxiliary to
Mechi's Strop; its renovating properties are astonishing.—
Mechi's RAZORS stand pre-eminent.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.

POST.—A Correspondent, referring to our late
remarks on the preliminary measures for the
collection of the Income-tax, asks us, bluntly
"enough, " what we would do ?" for, quoth he,
" this, remember, is not a tax which works itself,
like an iiripost which is added to the price of
articles of consumption. This is a tax which
must be exacted with strictness, or else it will be
evaded, and therefore unproductive. It is not
possible to put it into execution t without strict.
inquiries, and if you object to, this strictness, it
comes. to the same thing as if you objected that
any such tax should exist." Our answer to this
is, that, having admitted the necessity for the
tax, we do not object to any strictness of inquiry
which may be necessary for carrying it into effect.
What we object to is that there should be any-
thing palpably rude, peremptory, or stupid, in
the conduct of those whose business it is to ob.
taro the returns preliminary to assessment. We
would have the taxing-man, or assessors, or
whatever they are called, strictly commanded by
their superiors to do their duty carefully, but re-
spectfully, and to be in all cases much more
ready to explain tleAn to insist. We would have
these persons informed that all which the Tax-
office requires is, that every individual should
give in a fair and honest return of his income,
and that, if he have done that, he is to be no
more tormented with peremptory orders to fur-
nish other returns in this, or that, or the other
place, in which the assessor may prefer that the
return should be made. Let us suppose A. B.
to have been served in the month of August, at
his dwelling-house, with a paper commanding
him to make a return of his income in a certain
way which that paper points out, and to do so be-
fore the 20th of the-month. He complies to the
very letter with this direction, and honestly re-
turns all his income as directed by that paper.
After he has made his justand fair return, anot her
notice is served upon him in another place to
make a return. He answers that his return is
already made, and he states where. He therefore
has nothing further to return. This happens in
August. In October the assessor of the district
in which he declined to make a second return,
sends him a vnessage that he must make his re-
turn within that district, although he has made
it long ago in another, and has doubtless been
assessed accordingly. Now, this is no supposed
case, but an actual care. It is no isolated case,
but a case of which we are in a condition to fur-
nish a formidable plurality of instances to any
person in authority who may demand them: We
ask why her Majesty'ssubjects should be subjected
to this worry atter they have honestly complied
with the directions furnished, and have long ago
given in fair and true returns. Is it not stupid,
as well as insolent and oppressive, to demand more
than is necessary for the purpose of imposing the
tax ? Is it not enough if the individual to be taxed
complies at once, fully and faithfully, with the di-
rections served upon him, but that after having
done so, and after distinctly stating he has done so,
with all particularS, in order that the fact may
be ascertained he is still to be worried and tor-
mented by peremptory and most uncivil de-
mands ? It is no limit of his if the demand with
winch he first complied ought not to have been
made where it was made. It is very probable,
and almost certain, that if he made two returns
of
of the same income, he would be twice assessed,
and ordered very decisively to pay in both'
places, with the privilege, indeed, of appealing,
to get back what never ought to have been taken.
The only safe course then, we presume, for any
man who has made one fair return of his income
is to ref use to make another in another
.place:
whatever may be the insolence with which it is
demanded. We are sure that the Commissioners
can never countenance the attempts of inferior
persons to give needless annoyance to those from
whom the tax is to be collected, and we think it
would be well if they interfered beforehand to
prevent such annoyance from being given.
TIMES--Ecce iterum Crispinus Mr. Cob-
den—no, not Mr. Cobden—we beg his pardon—
but Mr. Cobden's Repeal Fund—his 50,0001. in
posse—has again made its appearance. And this
time we are. favoured with particulars,; we. are
shown how this new " riot" is to be assessed, by
what process it is to be levied, and by what infal-
lible arithmetic its sum total is to be guaranteed.
" We propose," says the Chairman of the Anti-
Corn Law League, " to call upon the " countu
to expend a certain sum of money." What pos.

OIIRONICLE.—We had occasion to draw atten-
tion yesterday to the constant advance in the Eng-
lish Funds, the immediate cause of which we stated
to be the abundance of money, and the absence of de-
mand for commercial investment, which forced the
monied interests .to seek employment for capital in
the public Stocks, owing to the extremely low rate of
interest allowed on commercial paper. Money, in
fact is readily offered on bills due in 1842 at 2 per
cent., and on those at maturity in all January, 1843,
at something like one-eighth per cent. beyond this';,
very low rate of accommodation. This extreu Le
cheapness of money in the London Money Marl ;et
has not been equalled for several years, and attrp ,cts
general observation. Its influence upon pu
.blic
credit calls for comment as exemplified in the high
price of Consols, which are last quoted this day at
931 to for Account, and 931 sellers for 3."Loney,
with every appearance of a further advanr.y.:. The
public will not touch anything Americar., and do
very little either in Foreign Bonds. Corr Lola are the
channel by which they get rid of their •xnemployed
money, and hence the question arises, t(.5 what figure
will they rise ? There really seems no good ground
to say that they may not advance 2 fir 3 per cent.
beyond the present price, unless sow: unforeseen
event should come off to shake public lionfidence. To-
day there have been several extensive: p-irchases made
on account of the Scotch banks, as -we'Ll as on private
account, and the Government broker will in all pro•.
bability appar at intervals as a ft,,rther buyer on ac-
count of the East India Company. By the Act 3d
and 4th Will. IV., c. 85, dated 28th August, 1833, it
was determined that the Compa.ay's trading privileges
should cease from the 22d AF,ril, 1834, and that the
Government at the Indian ter titories should be con-
tinued to the Company until 30th of April, 1834.
The same Act directed the commercial assets of the
Company to he assigned to Government for the pur-
pose of discharging the territorial debt, and that the
sum of 2,000,0001. should be invested in the ptitlic
funds, as a guarantee for the redemption of the
capital stock of the Company. The dividends on
that amount of stock are 600,000/. per annum,
and the half of that sum, being the dividends for the
last six months, amounting to 300,0001., are in course
of being re-invested in Government securities. This,
we believe, is the 'real character of the recent opera-
tions of the Government broker, and if he has not
completed them, the market will receive still further
support from that quarter. Under: this impression
and in the supposition that no untoward events

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utmost suspicion. . Had the Commissioners con-
ducted the inquiry with more circumspection
instead of. listening exclusively to one witness, that
would have entitled it at least to some degree of
attention but when it was known that they had prin-
cipally relied on the testimony of one who might have
an' interest in criininatim,° others for the sake of self-
protection, it became obviously unfair, if not cruel,-to
state the various facts which were talked of in the
City, implicating by name a great number of persons
employed in'the Customliouse. It would hive. been
very- easy top a column or two daily with reports and
conjectures' every one of which might, for aught we
knew, have destroyed the character of an innocent per-
son ; for public opinicin runs so strong against all those
who are similarly placed, that the mere mention of
the various suspenions and dismissali that were
talked of, though the parties afterwards had been
t'ci:lv cleared, might have injured them past remedy.
In l'act, the very, circumstance that the proceedings
of the Commissioners of the Customs have given so
much dissatisfattion at the Traasury as to cause the
investigation to be taken out of their hands, alone
proves the propriety- of the course we have adopted.
As ex parte charges are always carefully abstained
from by the respectable portion of the public Press,
there'Feetns no reason why the Custom-house should
form an exception to such a rule for the mere gratifi-
cation of curiosity.
The vigilance which has of late been awakened
among the creditors of Buenos Ayres, gives every
reason:to believe thatif the obligations of that State
are not fulfilled, they .will not at any rate be suffered
to fall into that total oblivion in which they have
remained for some years past. Finding their in-
terests neglected by the contractors, there is every
sign that the creditors are putting their shoulders to
the wheel, and that is at least one step towards ob-
taining justice. One, of them writes to know if Monte
Video belonged to the La Plata provinces at the time
the loan was contracted, viz., in 1824, rightly con-
ceiving that it will be a great boon to the creditors if
they prove that a place of such commercial importance
is liable to the debt. The question is not very easily
answered, and is well worth investigation. Monte
Video is the chief town of he province Banda Oriental,
and as such belonged to the Vice-royalty of Buenos
Ayres when under the dominion of Spain. In 1810
it declared itself independent, and the Spanish troops
were driven out in 1814. Shortly afterwards the Por-
tuguese took possession of the town and province, and
in 1821 Monte Video, by an ...Incorporation Act,
leclared itself subject to Portugal and Brazil.
On the separation of Brazil from Portugal, the
Brazilians besieged Monte Video, and forced the
Portuguese to surrender in 1823. The inhabit- •
ants were averse to- a junction with Brazil, but
they nevertheless were filmed to agree to a new In-
corporation Act. The La Plata or Argentine Republic
then claimed Monte Video, and in 1825 it was named

in Congress as a part of that union. It was not till

1829 that it waspermanentlx -declared independent.
The year 1824, therefore, was • one in which Monte
Video was claimed both by Brazil and Portugal, and
herein consists the difficulty of a speedy solution of
our corresp,mdent's:question.
At a timber sale which was held at Garraway's
yesterday evening, the attention of the parties who
attended was called to the recent meeting held at the
London Tavern, respecting the alteration in 'Change
hours. • Mr. SimpSon, who at that meeting had pro-
posed- half-past four as the closing time, seeing that
there was every chance that the alteration to three
o'clock would take place, informed the trade on that
occasion, that his firm would name an earlier hour for
the commencement of the next public sale. The no-
tice was received with approbation.
The West London Railway shareholders have, it
appears, so far arranged among themselves to sup-
port the undertaking, that the greater portion of the
preferential shares are subscribed for, and therefore
this undertaking, which has for a long while past
remained in abeyance, in consequence of the apathy
of the late Directors,. will now be proceeded with to
completion. The meeting held yesterday stipu-
lated the manner in which the overplus of shares
not taken by theoriginal holders, should be offered
to the public, and settled other matters connected
with the future management.of the railway. Of the
handsome conduct of the creditors, who have agreed
to compound their.debrs by the acceptance of shares,

he most honourable mention was made, and the eon:
ideuce they have reposed in the present directiy

will, in . some degree,-give a character and stimulus
to increased exertions.
.As it is only by greo

economy and prudent forethought this concern criti
be carried out, it behoves the parties lately called into
power to exercise that vigilance which will not allow

a second relapse.
Many complaints are received of the annoyance
, the Greenwich Railway passengers have to put up
with, both from the increase of the fares, and the
bad accommodation provided. The Irtters Aldressed
assert, that, notwithstanding the charge for the se-
cond class conveyance has been raised to 3d., the
seats formerly allowed have been removed, and the
public are consequently obliged to take tfie alterna-
tive of standing or pay the shilling fare for the first
class carriages. People are certainly not blind to the
intention of those conducting this railway, which, of
course, is to force all who wish better accommodatio
info the conveyance where a higher fare is
charged; and as they have the opportunity of nearly
as quick a passage to London by the omnibuses,
which save the walk to the terminus, and come into

C racechurch-street, and by the steamers, which laud
their customers at the Middlesex side of Thames
at a lower rate, they will not be slow in taking the
advantages offered. The traffic of the railway shows
a decline, and nothing else could be expected, when it
is seen how sedulously the Directors work for their
own downfal. The return of traffic of the South-

Eastern Railway for the week is stated at 1,4891.

A Government contract has just been announced,
which must prove acceptable to the Yorkshire manu-
facturers and artisans at this very dull season of the
year. It is for 120,000 yards of baise and serge for
the use of her Majesty's navy. The contract is also
to comprise a very large quantity of worsted and
other clothing. If appearances are to be believed, the
Government are resolved to have most ample supplies
for the use of both services, as contracts for all de-
scriptions of stores and clothing have of late followed
eacli other more closely than at any time, unless at
periods when the country was embroiled in a conti-
nental war.

Life
AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD. Bad
in London and Chronicler of all Sporting events.
—Mr. Clement has reason to believe that the substi-
tution of another newspaper for Bell's Life in London,
by an unprincipled fellow in the vicinity of Manches-
ter, has recently taken place, and in mane instances.
Mr. Clement recommends persons who may have been
thus disappointed, in having another Journal foisted
upon them, to refuse payment, and order Bell's Life
in London from another Newspaper Agent or Post-.
man, of which there are several most respectable in
Manchester. Any communication connected with
this dishonest transaction, by which legal mea-
sures may be taken against the offending party, will
be thankfully received and acknowledged by 3r.
Clement, jun.—Belrs Life in London Office, _ .1
0.,1 0,

. _
Strand.
LonnEI,LENIIOI2.OI./Gll.—A lady connected with the
east of Fife,
August, gives the following gossip
Aug
to her friends in a letter dated
Calcutta, 12th
the new Governor-General, and
concerning the demeanour in private life of Lord
Ellenburougli,
hat Lord ~11enborough
the light in which lie is regarded by those who
there are many
come into personal contact with him :—" You wilt
things
IpzTelirsutW
mentioned of him in private which have amused
is dobiytt, tiiii
little. For instance
us not a at
i the first
low "id., he held, only the civil, T 1
ni itary and
European gentlemen were presented • many '
native
gentlemen who went being requested to retire, as
they were not to be presented then,
to be held on a future day.
~Accordinglyl but at a Durban
went in great state ; and as is the
custom at a native
Darbar, they presented rich silver
Governor
salvors, with !arge
aims of money, on which the
place his hand .Inoticing ought only to
, i s them, the whole being re-
turned untouched to the owner. Instead of this, his
Lordship had a person in attendance with a large baF,
end when the money
. was
presehted, instead of his
Lordship puling h hand upon it as usual, he desired
is
the attendant to bag it all, and fend it all to the
T reasury. You
may imagine the consternation of the
native
_gentlemen at this innovation, • The civilians
dislike his Lordship because he has treated them
rather cavalierly, giving many a good wigging for
what he thought a neglect of duty, and offending
some of the great secretaries by calliy,them clerks to
their faces. One of them said to hum, "My Lord,
[ there are no clerks present.' His .Lordship replied,
`. What do you call yourself ?' The answer was, ' A
secretary." 01,,' said his Lordship, 'it is all the
same :' However, he might have been more polite to
the ladies of Calcutta than to say (which he did when
Lord Auckland mentioned to him that he gave weekly
parties), that he could not be troubled with a pack of
trumpery women every week. We hear he has been
more gay and polite up the country. He only gave
one ball in Calcutta, the party not very numerous.
Fife Herald.
ENTnICSIVE ROBLlERY.—lnformae Lon
was on Satur-
day at the afternoon received
different
station-houses
Of the Metropolitan and City ' police, that, during the
previous night, an extensive robbery had been coni-
witted at the houseof Mr. I-* . INT
Edward Mordecai, 0. 28,
New Church-street P t 1 St. M 1 bone
, or man-mar ,:et, ary le bone.
The property carried off consisted • of a 13ank of
England note for 1001, No. 57,266,: dated Feb. 5,
1841 ; another note for 100/. N 0.11,492, dated Jan.
6, 1835 ; and a Bank note for 201.,. Ns)! 28,079, dated
1 Aug. 9, 1841; also 14/. in gold and silver, and various
articles of . valuable jewellery. It was contained in a
drawer of a wardrobe situated in Mr. Itordecars
bed-room, which had been forced open with it.chisel.