Star.
London, England, 1830-01-14 00:00:00

CoLUMBIA.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR.
LETTER XVII.

Booms., OcT. 7, 1829.
We think the treaty with Pen, should contain the
following. stipulations :-•-
I . The restoration of the provinces of Mainas and Jaen
dr. Braravmros to C4l:phia.
.2. '4:itisi'action for the expulsion of our Minister from
Lima.

3. That a commission should be named to settle with
the greatest expedition the line of demstkatiin between
the two States.

4. That the same commission ;should regulate the liqui-
dation of the debt due from Peru to Colunzhio, framing
the arrangement upon the stipulations of the treaty con-
Aided in Guayaquil the 18th March, 1823, and fixing
in a reasonable manner the mode by which the debt is to
discharr,ed.

5. That both States should bind themselves never to in-
tervene in the domestic concerns of the other.

6. That a friendly State should be invited to arbitrate
between Columbia and Peru, and deterniiiw on the sum
Peril should pay for the prejudice occasioned by the in-
fraction of the treaty of Jiron.
It is easy to justify the necessity and justice of the
above conditions. In the minor, as well as in the greater
transactions, national honour is always the safest Coun-
cillor. A people that submits to injustice degrades itself,
and thus Columbia cannot refrain from insisting on the
surrender of the provinces of Jaen and Mainas, which,
since the year 1718, when the viceroyalty of New Gre
nada was created, was attached to it, and has since con-
stituted an integral part.
Whenever a Government tolerates public insult towards
its Representative in the discharge of his functions, it
invites further injuries, and such toleration is full of the
most prejudicial mischief to the interests, and credit of
nations.

A suitable line of demarkation is indispensable, to
avoid all ground of future disagreenitnt between the two
States.

Peru has very disingenuously shuffled from the treaty
made on this subject at Lima, the 6th July, 1822, and
offered an ill return for the delicacy shown her by the
LtBERATOR. when he had the destinies of the country at
his disposition.
Nature has traced with a decided, and strong hand the
limits of Columbia by a frontier line of mountains, rivers,
and deserts, and as a demarkation properly traced, is
one of the best guarantees for the preservation of good
understanding between neighbouring States, it would be
advisable to make friendly interchanges, or even cessions,
to obtain an object so advantageous for the inhabitants
of both countries.

For this purpose Peru should cede to Columbia all
the territory which she claims from the mouth of the
river Cabin, inclusive towards the north, and in the in-
terior all on the northern bank of the Macara from its
source to its confluence with the Colan, and from thence
to its embouchure. On our part we should make over
to Peru all the extensive country which belongs to us
on the southern bank of the Amazons, from about the
81 degree of longitude (meridian of Paris) to the limits
of Peru on the north-easth—that is to say, the popula-
tion and lands of the east of Chamaya, of Jaen, and
Angostura de Cumbinapia ; and to the south of
Moja, San Ignacio, and San Joaquim de Omaguas.
In this manner Columbia will possess Tinbez, and com-
mand, as is essential, all the waters of the Gulf of Guya-
yuil, and the rich streamed Maranon, will naturally se-
parate the two countries in its course from West to East
between the 4A deg. and 6i South latitude. Finally,
by drawing a straight line from the source of the Macard
towards the Cordillera ; following the direction of it
from the north, midway towards A metistas, and then de-
scribing a semicircle towards Tallabambo on the Ama-
zons ; in my opinion, the boundaries of Columbia
and Peru will be properly defined.
The faith of treaties, not less than strict justice, de-
mands the repayment of the expenses incurred for the
liberation of the country of the Incas, and it is not pos-
sible to conceive how there can be a moment's hesitation
on the part of the Cabinet of Lima, when that Cabinet,
without having been asked to give any aid to Bolivia,
and without any arrangement whatsoever, instructed its
Minister at that Republic to require a pecuniary compen-
sation for the exertions made by the Peruvians in favour
of its independence.
As Pr ru has already given a fatal example of interven-
ti'm in ether domestic policy of other States, as malignity
on the other baud has ascribed ambitious projects to the
sr. a AT() a of the New World, and as the jealousy enter-
tained of Columbia has favoured these imputations, it is
indispensably necessary that all future interventions in
the affairs of others should be disclaimed by treaty.
Finally, Peru having failed to fulfil the conven-
tion of Jiron, it is just Columbia should be in-
demnified for the prejudice occasioned her, and she
would spew sufficient moderation in submitting
the claim to the arbitration of a friendly power. All
cause for future misunderstandings being thus cleared
away, concord being established, and the past being for
ever buried in oblivion, Columbia must then attend
solely to her own organization and internal prosperity,
and trace a system of foreign policy, judicious and firm,
and from which she must not deviate except from the
gravest motives. We will now begin first to examine
what are the relations which she should maintain, or
establish with the nations of America and Europe.

GARCIA DEL RIO.
E . Line 54—into Guyaquil, read out of Guyaqnll. Line
72 —of the territory, read of her territory.

The Director-General gives some curious detail res-
pecting his branch of the service of Paris during the
year 1829:_

The number of letters arrived at Paris, from the De-
partments
Ditto ditto thrown in the Paris boxes 5,275,607
The number of prints of every description distributed
at Paris
•• • . 2,200,000
(he number of money letters . .
The number of letters recommended ......
the number of letters erroneously addressed to Paris,
but obliged to be sent back to the Departments ... 5,058
The number of letters arrived at Paris unsealed
:.178, 484 of which contained bills and bank-notes
amounting to 1,330,216 francs 70 cents.—The num-
ber of letters arrived without direction, opened and
returned, 456, enclosing 205,806 francs 75 cents.—
This proves the activity of the correspondence. The
public should avail itself of the power of recommend-
ing letters, which cost nothing, and avoid subtractions
mad losses. It is astonishing that merchants should be so
neglectful as to send 7,478 letters, enclosing 1,330,000
trance unsealed, and many others without any direction.