The Sun.
London, England, 1842-11-09 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 9, 1842.

13k inches to the mile down to the Harlem river, a
distance of 33 miles, it has a line of tunnelling of 6,841
feet, being sixteen in number, sometimes through
earth and sometimes through solid rock ; the deepest
cut is 80 feet, and the least 25 feet. In Westches!er
only, the aqueduct crosses twenty•five streams of
water, which are from twenty-five to eighty-three
feet below the top of the aqueduct. The grade line
of aqueduct across the Harlem river is twenty-
five feet above tide water, and the top of the water
now passes over Harlem river in one pipe of thirty-six
inches, placed on the earthen, dam made in the con-
struction of the high bridge. The bridge itself is
now about one-third completed, and will be, when
finished, one of the most stupendous works of the
kind in the world. The river is 620 feet wide at
water line, but the slope of the river banks and an ad-
ditional distance of 830 feet, in all 1,460 ?eet. The
plan now in progress crosses the river with eight
arches of 80 feet span, and on piers of SI by 44 teet
at the'base, resting on the bed of the river, and seven
arches on pier on the land from the edge of the water
up the two banks of the river. The spring of one
of the arches is 95 feet above the lowest foundation
put down ; the top of the parapet will be 149
feet from the lowest foundation. It is intended

that the water shall pass over this bridge in pipes,
to have it secure against the possibility of
danger. The interesting works at Clendening
Valley, being a bridge over a valley of 1,900
feet iii breadth, the greatest height of the aqueduct
is 50 feet from the bottom of the valley ; beautifut
archways are constructed for three streets, 30 feel
for the carriage way and ten on each side for side-
walks. Next in interest is the reservoir at Eighty-
sixth street, which might well be called the Detain-
ing or Clarifying Reservoir. It has two divisions,
together 32 acres, greatest depth of water 25 feet,
containing one hundred and fifty millions of gallons.
Two lines of thirty-six inch pipes connect this with
the reservoir at Fortieth-street, which has also two
divisions, forming together an area of four acres—
depth of water when filled thirty-six feet. From
tins point four and a half miles to the Battery. Whole
length of line from the Battery to the artificial lake,
50 miles. There are in this great work 55,000,000
bricks and 700,000 cubic yards of stone masonry.
The water in the aqueduct is regulated at the en-
trance gate so as not to flow under any pressure—it
has not been permitted to flow in the division near
the city at a greater depth than' two feet, but the
works at the Croton dam required a few days back
that more water should pass through the first divi-
sion (the distance between Sing Sing and the
Croton River) being eight miles, and it was found
to pass seventy-five millions New York gallons
in twenty-four hours, and that its velocity was
over two miles per hour. The Croton Lake
now retains, beyond the daily river supply, in
reserve, five hundred millions of gallons, and a
small expense would add other immense artificial lakes
to hold back an additional supply, but the necessity of
this is hardly conceivable. It is estimated that the
London supply from all their Companies is but twenty-
four millions of gallons, and Paris four millions only.
The quality of the water is of a pure and transparent
character, and has been found already to be a palatable
beverage to thousands of individuals who have used
the water. It is only remarkable that it has been so
generally approved. We of New York have there-
fore now got the great desideratum, an abundant sup-
ply of pure and wholesome water, to be sure at a
great cost—nine millions of dollars, exclusive of the
the main and distributing pipes throughout the city
(now, laid to the extent of 130 miles), exclusive of the
interest accumulating on the cost, being in all twelve
millions of dollars. 'Well, what of that ! Does it
not belong to the system which Eternal Wisdom
has inflicted on the world ?—that the greatest
blessings can only be procured at the greatest
cost and sacrifice? 'What is this water to do for
us ? It is to protect our city from the awful con-
flagrations to which it was subject. Ws now pay in
premiums one million of dollars annually to insure
about half the value of our buildings, goods, and chat-
tels, for we are our own underwriters to the extent of
one million more of premiuMs—here are two millions
in premiums paid or risks incurred. If the Croton
works give but half security, you save more than will
pay the whole interest of the cost. In two days of
December, 1835, our citizens had consumed by fire
twenty millions of dollars, principally in warehouses
and merchandise. If the twenty millions of property
destroyed had consisted of dwelling houses, it would
have turned 100,000 of our citizens into the streets.
Ido not state an impossible case. I state an event
highly probable to have happened, for London—a city
built of less wooden materials—had at one fire, in
1666, 13,200 houses burnt, which occupied 436
acres, and embraced 400 streets, 86 churches, and a
variety of magnificent buildings. The destruction
amounted in value to fifty millions of dollars. The
extensive fire at Hamburgh during the past year, and
the constant occurrence of fires throughout our coun-
try, show the danger we were in. Does any indivi-
dual still say that we cannot afford to pay so much as
this great work has cost? I assert that security
against such awful calamities cannot be too dearly
bought, if it is bought at the lowest possible price.
But does water cost so much ? London, in 1834,
was supplied with 34,000,000 of gallons, and paid
for it annually 1,380,000 dollars. Paris is supplied
with two quarts per day for each individual, at an ex-
pense of 750,000 dollars per annum. The Croton would
furnish three hogsheads a day to each of our popula-
tion, at 600,000 dol. per annum.. After all, we have
followed but at a respectable distance ancient Rome,
with her nine aqueducts, some of some were longer
than the Croton Aqueduct, and together were capable
of supplying 250,000,000 gallons„per day. But
history does not enable us to say if all of them were in
operation at one time; nor do we know all the purposes
in which it was applied. The irrigation- of the land
was, no doubt, among its most extensive uses. Nor do
we learn whether these aqueducts supplied one mil-
lion or four millions of inhabitants, so widely do
the accounts of the population of ancient Rome dif-
fer. The works of Rome were built by soldiers and
by slaves. Ours was voted for by freemen, was
constructed by freemen : and we make the aspi-
ration—that in all ages to come it may bless free-
men, and freemen only ! But we pass to another
branch of our subject—it is the value of the water
for domestic purposes. By the almost mysterious
property of.water, the Croton, without steam-power,
animal or human labour, descends into the cellar,
and again mounts into the garret of the loftiest house,
even up into the cupola of the City Hall. The turn-
ing of a cock fills the tubs and culinary vessels of the
kitchen in a moment, and almost as soon, the fifty
hogshead boilers of a steamboat. Now the saving in
human time and labour in the *performance of these
operations is incalculable. The weight of the daily
water is equal to 250,000 tons, and it goes itself pre-
cisely where you want it. Providence has given to
water this indescribable property, that by rivers and
streams it flows throughout the globe to sustain every
living thing. 'While food has to be carried or trans-
ported,
water of itself moves and travels for the be-
nefit of all creation. The Deity, not content with
giving it this property, evaporates and draws it to the
skies, that it may again condense and distribute itself
on the leaves and foliage of the whole vegetable king-
dom. Numerous analyses have shown the water to
be remarkably pure, even before it passed through
four settling and clarifying departments of the reser-
voirs. We leave the farther consideration of the security,
pecuniary, and practical advantages of this great work,
and pass to make one remark on its moral results. Filth
and crime, and cleanliness and virtue are near kinsfolks
—the more means and conveniences for cleanliness
that are furnished our population, the more industri-
ous and virtuous they will be. The more good water
that is conveniently supplied, the more temperate will
be our people, because we shall now no longer afford
the poor apology for mixing brandy and rum with
water—that of making it drinkable ; and we may hope,
the temperance cause, with pure Croton water, and a
Croton banner floating to the breeze, will, on the pre-
sent system, so suCcessfullycarry on the warfare in all
future times as to make it impossible for them to find
subjects to fill up that part of their corps which now
consists of reformed drunkards. To the firemen of the
city of New York, who have, without pay, performed
more arduous duty than properly falls to the share of
any of our free citizens, we say that the Croton Water
Works were made emphatically for them ; for,
though other advantages have been given as
reasons for its construction, yet none had so
powerful and controlling an influence as the
universal allegation that the Fire Department,
to enable them to prevent the destruction of the city
by fire, must have a full and ample supply of water.
Firemen, you have now got it, and I think I hear you
say, " With the Croton water for fires and for
fire-men—we swear the awful conflagration of 1835
shall never be repeated." Excuse me, fellow-citizens,
for adverting to one fact, that in all the expenditures
which have been made by your agents for this great
work, the accounts of which have been regularly set-
tled—it is not known or believed that one dollar of
your money has been lost or dishonestly applied. In
handing over to you, Mr. President of the Croton
Aqueduct Board and your associated agents of the
Corporation of the City of New York, the Croton
Water, and the Works of this Island which have been
completed, I cannot but express my full confidence
that you and your associates will recommend—and
that the Corporation will adopt such principles and
arrangements, in reference to this water, which while
it will be made to furnish a large proportion of the in-
terest on the debt—will nevertheless in some measure
supply the inestimable benefits which should flow from
this ample supply of " Pure and wholsome water" to
our whole community. In fine, that you will' be just
to the rich and liberAl to the poor.

A survey is now in progress for a line of, railway
from Norwich to Cambridge, so as to connect both
places with the metropolis by means of the Northern
and Eastern Railway. There are several landowners
who oppose the scheme.

LITERATURE.

THE LAW OF i\ISI PRIUS, EVIDENCE IN
CIVIL ACTIONS, AND ARBITRATIONS
AA D AWARDS : with an Appenqix of the New
Rules, the Statutes of Set-off, Interpleader, and Limi-
tation, and the decisions thereon. 3 Vds.
By Archibald John Stephens, Barrister at Law.
London, Longman, 1842.

_ .
The object of this Carefully digested work is
to supply the legal praession with a practical
treatise, not only upon the law of Nisi Prins but
also upon -the subjects ,of evidence in civil ac-
tions, and arbitration and award. "An appen-
dix of the new rules," observes the author, " and
of the Statutes of Set-off, Interpleader, and Li-
mitation, with notes of the cases that have arisen
on them, is likewise given, in the hope of in-
creasing the general utility of the publication."
A work of this sort was much wanted, for though
we have a multiplicity of law-bouks treating, with
more or less ability, of every branch of the profes-
sion, yet we have none on so comprehensive a scale
as the present, at once so minute and so copious, so
methodical in its arrangement, so clear and con-
cise in its explanations, and ranging over such
an infinite variety of subjects. Here we find
brief but pertinent expositions of the law in •all
its myriad varieties and ratnifications—we have
the laws relating to bankruptcy—bills of
exchange and promissory notes—debt—exe-
cutors and administrators—fisheries —insur-
ance shipping— tithes imprisonment—libel ;
we have the laws that regulate these, and a hun-
dred other matters, defined with a simplicity
and perspicuity that must render them obvious
to the most obtuse capacity'. It is greatly to the
author's credit, and vouches for the scrupulous
accuracy with which he has executed his labo-
rious task, that he has put forth no one state-
ment—no matter how apparently unimportant it
may be—without producing the soundest and
most recent legal authorities for it, to which he
is careful to refer • the professional or non-
professional—as it may be—reader, by notes
placed at the foot of every page. In treating on
that complicated subject, Bills of Exchange and
Promissory Notes, he does not content himself
with Merely explaining the usual routine mode
of proceeding, but., points out all the technical
difficulties of the case, as also those material and
-immaterial alterations which, in a greater or less
degree, affect the validity of a bill. On the im-
portant question of Bankruptcy the author is not
less particular, and we find that he has di-
ligently noted the latest changes which are now
So extensively making in a branch of the
profession that has long stood in need of reform.
In that portion of the work which is devoted to
the consideration of the Law of Evidence, we
perceived that all its special distinctions—such,
for instance, as relate to presumption, hearsay,
and documentary evidence, either in their
primary or secondary points of view, are
marked with great discritnination ; while as re-
gards the law respecting Landlord and Tenant,
nothing can be sounder or clearer than the
author's exposition in his chapter headed
" Distress" and " Ejectment." Equally lucid
is he on that ill-understood and enigmatical
siahned
judgments, are
in
question,whicii under
it must be confessed, in a most unsatisfactory and
ineffiAent state. We should not omit to men-
tion that the work possesses the advantage of one
of the minutest and must copious Indexes that
we have ever met with, and moreover that each
separate department contains its own analytical
table of contents. Thus recommended, we can-
not doubt for an instant that it will soon win its
way to popularity, not merely among profes-
sional men, but generally -among the higher and
middle classes, who will find it invaluable as a
work of reference. It must have cost the author,
Mr. Stephens, a world of labour and research,
traces of which are visible in every page; but it
will not be labour thrown away, but, like the
seed sown in good ground, it will return him frui
fOurfold.

LOSS OF HER MAJESTY'S
STEAMER SPITFIRE.
The subjoined relates to the loss of her Majesty's
steamer Spitfire, contained in a letter just received
from a Captain, 3d West India Regiment
BELISE, HONDURAS, SATURDAY, SEPT. 17.
Thinking that you in England might hear of the
total wreck of her Majesty's -steamer Spitfire, about
70 miles from this placei having on board two com-
tphaantieys
you
uf the 3d
ilmVeasgtinlo use on board, and perhapsndia Regiment, and fearing
lost, I hurry over a few lines previous to the departure
of our post to let you know I am perfectly safe, and
and am happy to say that out of 200 souls but one was
lost, a private of ours, and that through his own impzu-
.de Ts cc,. The steamer was wrecked on Saturday night last,
shortly before ,eleven o'clock, having struck on a reef;
and in less than two hours her hold was full of water,
and we expected her to part 'during the night. Had
she done so there was no probability of a single life
being saved, land not being in sight, nor did we know
exactly where we were. We 'landed, however, on
two islands the day following, two other officers with
myself and 115 men on one, where we could obtain
neither water nor anything to eat without sending to
the wreck, nine or ten miles off; we got, indeed,
some of each, but not at all sufficient for our wants.
We reached this only last evening, and here we found
a portion of our baggage,
but all completely ruined."

STATE OF TRADE IN PAISLEY. —The hopes of im-
proved trade continue to be disappointed, and from
their utter inability to obtain employment, the num-
bers on the relief list are rapidly on the increase. The
additional numbers last week amounted to no less than
on to
523, and the total amount of those dependent on the
sand persons.
Relief Committeeln additi is arin swelletdhis
up to seven thou-
in crease in the
number of distressed operative manufacturers, great
suffering also exists amongst the labourers dependent
on agricultural work, who, either from the poverty
of the farmer, the dryness of the season, or some other
cause we are unaware of, are thrown idle almost
universally, leaving themselves and families in a state
of destitution almost indescribable. Sometimes about
200 of these men, heads of families, are going about
the town ready to labour at any wages, but unable to
getwork.
whatever the ordinary Relief hese
from
labourers have been denied all
Com-
mittee ; but, in the expectation of being supported
with subscriptions at the forthcoming county meet-
ing, the Committee of the county appointed at Ren-
frew have been giving a very little gratuitous food to
assistance
a few of the most destitute families, and from a dozen
to twenty families have also been sent home to their
native places, some of them to the Highlands, but the
most of them to Ireland.--G/asgow Argus.
TAILORS' BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION.—A special
general meeting of the members of this Institution was
held on Monday in the large room of the Free-
masons' Tavern, Great Queen-street, for the pur-
pose of 'agreeing to a new rule to be added to the
rules of this Society. The Institution was formed
for the benefit of decayed members of the trade, and
Mr. Stulz, the celebrated tailor, has presented the
Institution with six almshouses and a chapel, to be
added to others already built by the Institution. The
new rule submitted on Monday was for the purpose
of investing Mr. Stultz with the power of nominating
two pensioners on the Institution. The rule was
passed without a dissentient voice. Mr. Stultz has
been a benefactor to this Institution to the amount of
12,0001., and is the President of the Institution.
SIR W. GEART.---We are informed that Sir
William is going on as favourably as his medical at-
tendants could expect. He has been able to leave his
room for a short tune by means of a couch, on which
he was conveyed into the adjoining dressing-room.
He is cheerful, and allowed to talk a little occasion-
ally, and his medical advisers were yesterday relieved
from their very close attendance, as he was then, for
the first time, left a short time without medical sur-
veillance. Lady Geary still continues as unremitting
in her attentions as ever.—Maidstone Gazette of
yesterday.
ALICE LOWS ---CITY OF LONDON THEATRE.—
The notoriety of the case of Alice Lowe and Lord
Frankfort, with the verdict of the Jury in her favour,
induced the managers of this theatre to speculate on
the chance of her attraction on the stage, and she made
her appearance on Monday in two characters—Lucy
Lovetrick, in the Dead Shot, and Mrs. Somerton, in
the burletta of 211 i/ Neighbour's Wife. The announce-
ment drew together the largest audience of the season
—box, pit, and gallery were crowded to the ceiling.
On the appearance of the young lady she was greeted
with the most deafening applause, which she returned
with some grace. Her acting was tolerable, and at the
conclusion of the piece she advanced to speak a few
lines written for the occasion; her feelings, however,
overcame her, and after saying something about " the
immortal bard, lovely woman, an unhappy maid, and
no wife," she fell on the stage. Mr. Johnson, one of
the actors, came to her assistance, and the curtain
fell. A loud call was made for her before the cur-
tain, and Mr. Dunn, the manager, appeared to beg the
indulgence of the audience on her behalf, in conse-
quence of the exhausted state of her feelings. The
audience were most indulgent, and the manager re-
tired with applause. As a matter of speculation the
lessees will be gainers, judging from the first night.—
Advertiser.
CHATHAM, NOT. 7.—An official order from the
Horse Guards arrived at the Commandant's office at
this garrison on Saturday,, respecting an escort of the
Bth Hussars that will arrive atl this., garrison on the
11th instant. The escort will consist of four officers
and 5? men. Stabling for the horses and barrack
room for the men will be appropriated for them at
Brompton Barracks. The escort is to proceed with
her Majesty from Rochester to, Canterburv, in her
Majesty's route to Weimer Castle. The day' of her
Majesty's arrival at Rochester the order does not give.

SPIRIT of tfie PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
TIMES.—The Indian news, which we were yes-
terday enabled to lay before the public in our First
Edition, although interesting, contains little that our
readers will not have already anticipated. Generals
Nott and Pollock have proceeded each some marches
on their road to Caubul, General England towards
Quettah, and Affghan politics remain in the same dis-
tracted state as ever. Futteh Jung, son and heir of
our old protege Shah Soojah, has taken refuge in the
English camp, and very various reports prevail con-
cerning the state of affairs at Caubul, of which the
most unsatisfactory is, that Akbar Khan has mur-
dered Captain Troup (a story, however, which seems
e,ptirely to want confirmation), and the most favour-
able, that the Kuzzilbashes, constituting the British
party in that city, were in possession of thoseprisoners
who were there confined, and of the person of Akbar
Khan himself. We rejoice that decisive steps have at
last been taken to rescue the prisoners from their peril,
and that Lord Ellenborough has redeemed himself
from those imputations of spiritless indifference to
the fate of our countrymen to which his reported
policy gave a too plausible occasion. It is a useless
,and frivolous task, with our present knowledge, to
speculate upon the past. Lord Ellenborough may or
may not have issued the ultimate order to withdraw
the troops. He may or may not have had reason for
what he did. The want of camels—the negotiations
entered on by Akbar Khan—hopes, expectations, fears,
and their reasons—all these are things which may
hereafter be laid before the world. It is enough for
us at present to know, that vigorous measures, and
timely measures, are being pursued ; that the season
for advance is not to be lost ; that we shall yet this
autumn demand our countrymen from the citadel
of Caubul. Little as we have ever liked this unscru-
pulous war, highly as we value the independent
rights of nations, and earnestly as we should depre-
cate in the case of others any tyrannical interfer-
ence which England would reject with detestation if
attempted against herself, we have never had other
than one opinion as to the mode in which, haying a
just demand, it was incumbent on us to enforce it.
Faithless Asiatics are not to be tampered and treated
and dallied with. They are to be coerced. By the
strong and inflexible arm of force—by deeds—by the
steady infliction of an increasing chastisement, inces-
sant, inevitable, and, if need be, ruinous—by such
media alone is redress to be sought from the wild and
lawless Affghan. Treat, if you please ; but advance.
Reversing the saying of the great Athenian, " Hear,"
we should say, " but strike:" Our course is at pre •
sent clear—let our policy be as unambiguous as our
claim—war, decisive, overwhelming, and unwavering,
till our demands are in act and deed complied with.
Why this course has been hitherto delayed, we do
not, and have not materials to inquire. It hai now
at length been taken, and we look to hear next month
of its triumphant results. Most thankful shall we be
when these shall be accomplished, and our troops at
liberty to retire within those boundaries which they
should never have passed.
CHRONICLE.—It was justly observed by.one of
the speakers at the Hardy Commemoration Dinner,
on Saturday, that bad as the present state of things
may be under a Tory Government, yet "if the Chair-
man had lived in the time of the trials of Hardy and
the others, he would have thought it a reign of terror
then, and comparative quiet now." And certainly
had the Government succeeded in those trials, no man's
liberty or life would have been secure. As it was,
the most flagrant outrages were committed on per-
sons obnoxious to the dominant party; and a series
of atrocities perpetrated, according to forms of law, or
with "a vigour beyond the law,' which would in-
fallibly urge the existing generation into open rebel-
lion. But, as the speaker went on to observe, the
tone and temper of society has changed, and it is now
much better informed than it was while it endured or
cheered the proceedings by which Pitt sought to de-
stroy his former associates in the cause of Parliamen-
tary Reform. It may not be amiss, however to re-
mark, that there are no decisive indications
of Toryism having changed with the times.
The restraint of external opinion upon it
will partly account for the greater lenity of its
rule. And there are other causes. Toryism is yet
but fresh in office. There are no sanguinary French
revolutions in progress to scare the people. No plot
has yet been got up successfully, though the disposi-
tion has plainly not been wanting. And the party
itself is in a somewhat disjointed condition, from the
crooked policy of its leader. Means, and appliances
are not in readiness to play over again the remorse-
less game of Pitt We should not, therefore, rely
-too confidently on the increased intelligence of the
people ; nor should we rely at all on the ameliorated
temper of Toryism. Were the lives of Parliamentary
Reformers attempted now, as they were in 1794,
there are Tory journals that would vindicate the
deed.. Those days, and the spy system of Castle-
that followed, and the hlanchester massacre,
are looked back upon by the party without any
shame, or change of opinion. They do not even
deem it worth while to say that it would be abhor-
rent to re-enact such scenes. They have no regret
that Horne Tooke, and Jeremiah Joyce, and Thomas
Holcroft, were not hanged. Any reflected share
in the moral responsibility of those purposed beastly
murders does not offend their consciences. The dif-
ference is a difference of external circumstance; and
not, even in profession, a difference in the actuating
principle. If the Southampton pistol plot had not
missed fire ; or if the other " conspiracy" hoax had
succeeded ; or if any similar trick should generate
alarm, however groundless, and " fright the isle from
its propriety," our commemorators of the " acquitted
felons" of 1794 would soon be transferred from Rad-
ley's to Newgate to hold their anniversary. A panic
amongst the people of property, that is the only desi-
deratum. And we have little doubt that it will be
tried on the first•promising occasion. Such legal doc-
trines as those of Lord Abinger would answer all the
purposes which a Tory Ministry could desire. There
is ample room and verge enough." Nor can we be
surprisedshould a Tory Executive pursue opinion as a
crime, and construe it into a treason. It is the mo-
rality of the party. No name can arise in literature,
however bright, which it does not seek and toil to
overcloud, should the author not be a tool or ally of
the faction. All are judged and appreciated accord-
ing to their politics. We believe the party is quite
ripe for a crusade against all freedom of thought and
speech, and only waits its opportunity for emulating
its political ancestors.
HERALD.—The intelligence brought by the
overland mail from India sets at rest all doubts as to
the course which Lord Ellenborough has adopted
beyond the Indus ' • and its chief value is that it dOes
so. Sir Henry Pollock has advanced to Gundamuck
at the entrance of the Khoord Caubul Pass. General
Nott was en route to Ghuznee, and General England
was retrograding from Candahar to obtain command
over the Bolan Pass. It has, indeed, been suggested
that Sir Henry Pollock has not made Gundamuck to
push on to Caubul, but will diverge eastward towards
Ghuzitee, and after uniting with General Nott will
retire by way of the Bolan Pass on Dadur. But this
suggestion is contradicted by Sir Robert Sale's order
of the 16th of August, in which he calls on the officers
and men of his division to march as lightly as possible,
that every camel and beast of burden might be
rendered available for ammunition, &c., "to enable
this force to meet General Nott at Caubul." There
cannot then be any doubt as to the orders which
the Generals commanding-in-chief have received.
Well ; Caubul will doubtless be easily reached;
Generals Pollock and Nott will meet there ; one divi-
sion of its population, the Kuzzilbashes, is said to be
disposed to receive our troops quietly; while discord
and confusion seem to prevail amongst Akbar Khan
and his chiefs and followers ; his breach of the laws
of war will probably be avenged by the death of some
thousands of his countrymen ; we may even compel
him to release his prisoners ; but having re-occupied
Caubul what are we to do next ? Will not our real
difficulties again commence with success, as the late
Lord Wellesley warned the Whig Administration in
1838 ? The difficulties which that great statesman
then predicated were not to be the result of the mis-
management of our officials, but the consequences of
the country, the people and the climate, and they
are just as predicable of the reiterated as of the
original assault on Affghan independence. The
Duke of Wellington is said to have joined in his
departed brothers warning in 1838 ; if so, his
Grace must renew it in 1842-7 for the war in Affghanis-
tan is as unchangeable in its nature as war in Spain.
We are, it is said, only making a demonstration .of
our strength, and proving to India that our armies are
ultimately invincible ; the pity is then—if this be so—
that we have so bad a cause in which to prove what
no one within the Indus doubts—that we are obliged
to demonstrate our prowess by repeating our injustice.
But we do not believe that the intention of Govern-
ment is by any means so limited; Affghanistan will
not be evacuated after Caubul has been retaken, the
prisoners released, and a few royal salutes fired ; the
millions which these operations will cost will not be
invested so profitably ; Generals Pollock, Nott, and
Sale are not marching for any such parade purposes;
and Caubul re-occupied is not to be shaken off so easily.
When the British flag is again mounted in the capital
of the Affghans, the country will have to be re-
settled, another Shah will have to be placed on the
musnud, and another attempt be made under
his Government to reduce Affghanistan to a
British dependency. Our ambition will swell as our
-success progresses, and Lord Ellenborough will in
course of time probably see less "folly" in the de.
claration of Simlah than he once did, and no "crime"
in the subjugation of this distant country. Prince.
Futteh Jung hys rerappeared. aid accompanies Sir
Henry Pollock, anticipating dophtless that elevation
which the valour of Lord. Keane s. army pail-land for
his father Shah Soojah. Sir Robert Peel congra-
tulated himself that death had detefinined the treaty
of Lahore, it remains to be seen whether victory will
not revive some part of its obligations or its spirit.
ust war will always be an unfo`
POST,—An unj r-