The Sun.
London, England, 1842-07-08 00:00:00

TRY. SUN,- LONDON, PRIDAILTY-11VINT-G-i gY4:l-If.

Ararscftsne,74.....nser
4‘,41.1!44e1c,the,,t-olidocunle,..t.bo eorldeetimg the peoceedings as they 11,-,(1
He mou=ld
.venture to say, if the Hon.
1.,;() taper wohld rest a little longer, such a body of evidence
ald laid ' the House as would satisfy ever.
par ere
• '.
He felt convinced that the House would continue
'lttsed,:ii,seerretion towards the Committee of which he was a
"ti •
h." 1.• SCARLETT supported the motion, believing that.
(business of such a Committee could nut be conducted
'`.Aiell in private as in public.
ESC-OTT
-...ae-
supported the motion of the Hon. Ba-
rn
believing
that justice only could be done by allow-
4.Proes accused to be present. He feared the Ii
on.
e.b.'l°er would lay a Report on the table of the House
th.on would have no practical effect and would make
e who had token part in the investigation, extremely
14atisfied with the result. The Hon. Member must
},?l' ace the House and the people of this country that
prio'_!d made out a case for departing from the regular
principles of justice in these proceedings.
trle- • LABOUCHERE said he must suspend his judg-
pront upon the proceedings of the Committee until the
4„,,e(2dhiers had been hod upon the table ; but if it then
tgeared cleat the Committee had not allowed
.parties to
thnt,"'". the charges made against them, he quite agreed
It would have no weight whatever.—(Hear,
el.) But. the question at present was whether
elp• should interfere with the discretion of the
to before its proceedings had been brought
!' ec, and that being the question, he felt
I.,`n•ti th
,t 1 t° oppose the motion of the Hon.-Member for the
ee,-I,,.e,rsity of Oxford. The Committee had already pro-
.e,,rtlll" to a great extent with the inquiry, and he would
•1113' deprecate any interference with their pro-
..uoir PEEL said that the course which he -should
evo,rsae with respect to this motion Would have no refer-
ent! whatever to the proceedings of the Committee.
to :_getting that this Committee existed, the sole question
col'e decided was, whether it was right for the House of
in c'thotis to pass a resolution controlling the proceed-
gs of all future Committees. The present case was
seals
-J?tis to that of a Committee of the whole Hoose,
meh, if' a charge were preferred, a stranger
ri2 right to be present. The cite of
till'ttah" jury was analogous to the present, and yet in
tits ease there were many charges at which the party
te•srs4,ed,.,„.had no right to be present. He was prepared
to: -0•0” distinctly to the motion for giving a right
orkersons to be present at charges made in the House
Wet:aions
•
• t• INGLIS replied.
ei.SirZatigers were then ordered to withdraw, but no di-
ita Ir?.ok place. On our return to the gallery,. we found
h 1.• ptINCOMBE on-his legs. He said the House
t to lay clown an uniform rule for the guidance of
ri:emali,t,tees in future. He would move the previous
7..
OIAIV understood it was too late to move the
Sir It• '4lB question now.
PEEL thought it useless to divide on the pre-
tllfts question
an vg Air I,feiv:Words' from Mr. Aglionby, Mr. Roebuck,
.mr • ..scott,
a asl:)•liCrs•ußinUg.LLEß said that the course his Hon. Friend
feawas a guarantee that he did not mean to
toditt up hy vindictive measures. He thought the
ois Hon.-Friend pursued was the one most likely
sir!ancill-ate the friends of liberty.
sir It PEEL saw no ractical difference between the
np elquestin,"°n% and as he was always opposed to taking
---e of the House by questions of a technical
eisre, he would vote for the previous question, as other-
,,,..there would be two divisions.
.4.11 e !louse then divided, when there appeared—
the •
or previous question l2l
Against it 49
- Majority for the previous question —72
?Nix, its DOVER HARBOUR.
efre„, • CE moved for a copy of the Report of the
or aPPointed by the Admiralty to consider the plans
re), r• Ctivitt for constructing a harbour of refuge at
en-eeer• The Right Hon. Baronet admitted the import-
'Oul°f
A having a large and good harbour last year, but
cite," riot make any promises on the subject in conse-
xLe'ee of the embarrassed state of the .finances. He hoped
they improved he would carry out lies promise.
T, r• WALLACE seconded the motion.
question having been put,
12ed CUANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said he
objection to the motion of the Hon. Gentleman.
oti
ttalnitted the importance of having a good harbour
ecast, but he could not at present make any pro-
le!' the subject. '
ta,„r• RICE did not want to have a series of harbours
site 4: the coast. All he wished for was, that one exten-
itrirbour should be ci nstructed.
`,`boat
PEEL said that the opinion he gave in 1841
eirt,e,,that local exertions would not be likely to prove
hest tual, and that the construction of a harbour on the
Rer.,P,,riaciples, whether at Hastings or Dover, should be
sec,"" in the hands of the Government; but that, irr con-
te4ence of the finances, such a work could not be en-
,t!Poll. He hoped, with the Hon. Member, these
°um
the su, !tit:wove, but he could not make any promises on
PLUMRIDGE wished the Government would
hen; °lte steamer to clear the mud from the inner har-
ed Falmouth, fur which nature had done so much
„malt so little.
tosir
s, t, PEEL Must decline giving any assurance on
rui idJect• Application had better be made to the Ad-
la't3' through the usual channel.
t:tonaPtain PLUNIRIDGE had made repeated applica-
.4sheturauhtejoAdmiralty agreed übject.
n was thento.
Air b CORN-LAWS.
4'4NNERMAN rose to move the following re-
the „11', of which he had given notice hat it is
ttetct''ltion of this House, that, considering the present
vest-i..(),f the country, it would be highly expedient to
th°rittier present most Gracious Majesty, similar au
this if to that which was given to her predecesors; anti
4"se, before the close of this session, will cheer-
hei'lstacjuiesen in_granting such powers as may enable '
4 taJesty, with the,advice of her Privy Council, to
tlt'r.tir discontinue, should circumstances so require,.
Seiei aties which now regulate the importation of foreign
lYeik''Until the lit day of January, 1843, or for six_
::rosieehftter the commencement of the next session of
l'etl'alli-ent." He was aware that her Majesty s Go-
might ask for the power which he proposed,
also that it was opening another discussion on. the
&lee 'aws• It would also be giving the Right
iestr`;l.r.able Baronet the power of relaxing the
reielons on the importatro. of eorn.. 411, this
te,se.t. he said, belt it 'was their imperative duty to agree
slitiejle Course before the expiration of the session, that
tsted tend to relieve the wide-spread distress that ex-
that
tit! the country. It was needless for him to say
e,eitetz."4l country was, for many years, a large
log e 4 exporting
•Y• morn the year 1696 we have been an import-
keiltuatrY, but it was not till 1815 that the Govern-
es ttventured to press such an atrocious prohibitory law
of ,d° preient with regard to the importation
tilloi(j%:`,'• By the A: t of Queen Anne her .lajesty was
tleet.''' a power of regulating the trade in corn. It was
nfth from the wording of the Act that the Government
it th4t day' wisely. attempted to provide against the rise
LllnelPrice of corn to the prejudice of the people. • He
4rti„" ;Mt trouble the House with any of the statutes re-
ig to the exporting period. Nut one syllable was
4!e,..'1 all the 21 Acts relating to the exportation of corn
rulg to im ortation. In the thirteenth year of
tihe ThiL his Majesty expressed his great con-
'ji.listiottli'tt,.B_e prospect of an enhanced price of corn. This
thtatiunis " speech from the Throne, and the consequence
speech was, a law prohibiting the expor-
elee, „"f corn, and in the speech of the
of the Exchequer he said that a
fount."?
the expenses of the year would be the
re, "i's to be given on the importation of corn ; and
tvii-s7 teat period to 1805 no less a sum than 2,600,00 e/.
Crown for these be-unties. In the year 1796, the
A"icee wa3 authorised, whatever might he thecoin
,lu .
curl' and flour, to permit the importation of
alitt free. The Act went still farther, and par-
e .1,19 importation of all kinds of provisions, cattle,
r of ee,,le,P, Poultry, fowls, and articles of subsistence,
4„'Y (1,-scriptiote—(l-leux, hear.) The next statute
tit refer to was eine of a much more recent date ;
Ler 4.4, when the Right Hon. Gentleman was a Mem-
the Government, a revision of the Corn-laws
liaer?Posed. At that time great distress prevailed,
()11 a'tittnigh no measure was proposed that ses-
m. "lite! !Pt a resolution was moved that the Par-
Ntei.,. should allow the Crown to authorise the
4(,)t -:14; from bond, duty free, a quantity of corn
'Pe %c'e,dillg 500,000 quarters. The extracts from the
tress
(4,11 r. Canning on that occasion proved that the
the Government was to relieve the great (Its-
`). th 6 country. In the sane debate, a living states-
the .ilivhorrt he saw before him, the Right Hon. Baronet,
to nvitteeuezaber for Tamworth; declared that it was no use
corn to be taken out of bond for sale,
tae /itl'e people had not money to purchase it.
111 N 8, (41 Gentleman then read several passages from
Yearr(thes of Lord Stanley and Lord Aberdeen some
lie (rtrgo. when they advocated those priticipies which
there R.) was then upholding. Before he 'sat down,
was one remark which he wished to make with re-
it t
',neat had taken place lately ih. that House. The
.•ae "a• Baronet had stated that in 1833, 1834, and
ishinthe manufacturing districts were in a most flou-
'kce. 'fleoadition. That was certainly an undoubted
kern Ile then stated that no corn was imported in those
e.4oeet, Ibis was an undoubted • fact. The Right Hon.
s" the 'am drew the inference that this was it benefit
keit) Manufacturing Interest, While he (Mr. 13anner-
tho. tears,
that-there was no corn imported during
thattrars, he begged to remind the Right Hon. Baronet
Years
,e price of wheat was 48s. Ba., and in the next four
eeek tte Price of wheat was 645. 41, being no less a diffe-
itttlee., au 17s. the quarter. Therefore, he left, he House to
or4ls ,PiPPosing that this. country consumed thirty mil-
atillet,""; quarters annually, what an enormous sum of
boas paid by the consumers of this country
Preeie_se t"ur years for wheat over what was paid
411ur "ns years ; and during. the latter period the
'aetur
ers were certainly not. prosperous. He there-
tqletiouttght that he was justified in submitting the re-
, 4, of which he had given notice to the House.l. rot
the ,ACE seconded the motion.
motion being put,
44.thIN fi„,'l,ld,__4l)STONE said he was aware of the unani-
4-4'ithe tuluu'ingt " the House with respect
of
distress.
.11 the A entry, but, there were differences of opinion
exectti uoe relieving it.—(Hear.) The Honourable
tn'an b
ad rested a great part of his case
eh. preeed: th e
! Acts ent of former Acts, and he referred to
Ca leis
4 during the revolutionary war. Now he
'n u
Q
stune) sci 4 that those Acts w ere entirely be-
tli t Present qumion The first Act quoted was
2(14., ,P:l3'td in 1795, whet; tbie price of wheat was 755.
etetsTad, duel;ee tae whole of die war the average price
- 4 -n• and was frequepay
1,),..,",1 never er
ereli
dreg 0s• and 100 s. Commer:'" Was then. a•np
Aet 11'
"km, and it was actually 11,7"asarY that
(.".! should be passed then; but such Acts woe.-
11tilt1,422aPplicAule to a time or peace. 'The Hon.
".4
"Xt raerred to the Act of 1826. But it

-must be riraembered that that Act only contemplated t
the admission of a limited quantity of corn—five hun-
dreet thousand quarters--a quantity which could effect
no good - object when the immenve number of con- '
sumers was con4dered. To give - such a limit •
as' that would be perfectly ridiculous when any man
might introduce his corn at a duty of from 9s. to 12s: a :
quarter.—(Hear, hear.) He stated these facts to show
to the Hon. Gentleman how different were the two
prieds which it was sought to assimilate by applying,
the saine Acts to both. He might add- that the.,e pro-
hibitions formed one strong argument for the change in
the Corn-law which took place some years ago. What
was the proposition of the lion. Gentleman ? Was it
that the discretionary power with which he intended to
invest his Right Hon. Friend—which certainly appeared
to be most extravagant—should be exercised at a time
when the prices were moderate, or when the prices were
exorbitantly high, or was it to be exercised when the
prices were as at present ?
Mr. BANNERMAN—Certainly—as at present.
Mr. GLADSTONE continued—Then if that were
the case he said that the Hon. Gentleman was doing that
indirectly which he ought to do directly. He ought to
raise the question of repealing the law at once, openly,
and not go about it in an oblique manner.-(Hear, bear.)
If the Hon. Gentleman intended that discretionary
power to be exercised at a tune when prices were- low,
then he (Mr. Gladstone) did not hesitate to say, that.
instead of conferring a boon he was inflicting a- serious
injury upon the consumer and the producer.—(Hear.)
If they were to wait until corn had reached an extrava-
gantly high rate it would be an inducement to the im-
porters of corn to hold back and create an artificial scar-
city in order to take advantage of the higher price.
What was the great objection alleged against the gradu-
ated scale? The Hon. Gentleman's plan was open to all
the objections whiob could be urged-against a repeal of
the Corn-law ; and also to all the operations which could
be urged against the graduated scale. The Hon. Gen-
tleman had taken a more unfavourable view of the opera-
tion of the present Corn-law than circumstances Justi-
fied, and nothing could tend more to prevent importation
at the present moa:ent than the House entertaining the
motion of the Hon. Member for Aberdeen. The present
law had not as'yet had such a trial as would enable them
to form a reasonable judgment as to its results. 'They
had, however, had an importation of 190,000 quarters of
wheat since the new law came into operatidn. He admitted
that was not so much as the wants of the country required.
yet he thought there was reason -t o believe that the mer-
chants would, in a short time, feel inclined to bring into
the market the million of quarters now in the warehotiktes,
whier would be very beneficial to the revenue, and more
beneficial to the country.--(Cheers.) He trusted the
House would have no hesitation in rejecting the motion
of the Hon. Gentlemen. • -

Mr; WARD agreed that it would be better to repeal
the Corn-law, but they knew they could not carry the
repeal, and therefore they wished to mitigate the effect
of the law. The Government had introduced the Corn-
law on their own responsibility, and they (the Opposi-
tion) wished to increase that—responsibility by the pre-
sent measure. - There- had not been a single argument
brought forward by the Right Hon. Gentleman that had
not been met and disposed of in -IF'26 by Mr. Huskisson
and by the Right Hon. Baronet at present at the head of
the Government-There were emergencies to which every-
thing ought to give way—this was one of those emergen-
cies. The Government had brought the motion upon them-
Selves. They insisterlon having the law, let them also have
the power of relaxing it.. Let the whole responsibility of
executing that law rest upon the-Government. The har-
vest was uncertain, and the Government ought to have
the power of relieving the wants of the people without
loss of time, if they thought fit to exercise it. This
argument was met by the country gentlemen, in the
time of Mr. Canning, as it would, no douht, be met by
the present country gentlemen. The country gentlemen
then used the same arguments as the Right Hon. Gen-
tleman who had just addressed the, House. One gentle-
man then said, s+ hat perhaps country gentlemen would
not say of the present day, that thus attack-
ing the Corn-laws was attacking the Constitu-
tion ; and Sir John Brydges said, " Pcrish the
commerce of the country, but live the Constitution!" It
had been said by Mr. Canning that a statesman ought to
have two kinds of courage--one, the courage to resist
unjust demands, and the other, -t,) grant demands that
were just. Was it not dangerous to, refuse the demands
of the people? He (Mr-. Ward) believed in his conscience,
that it was so. Winter was coming, and the greatest
responsibility would be thrown upon the Government,
and this was the reason he would vote for the motion of
his Hon. Friend. -
Lord WORSLEY said he did not think the motion
had attracted that notice which it would have done if it
bad been brought forward at an earlier period of the
session. He thought that sufficient attention lrad not
been paid to it. He did not approve of the proposition,
as it would induce speculators to use means to get up
the price of corn while -the
.agriculturists would
never feel themselves safe. lie thought it would be
dangerous to vest the proposed power in the present
Government, who had conic into power as the supporters
of the agricultural interest, but had not proved
itself so. The Right lion. the Vice-President of the
Board of Trade said there was every prospect of a good
harvest ; but he (Lord Worsley) felt. that he was doing
his duty in stating that he did not believe that the crop
would be an average one. It appeared that the specula-
tors in corn would act under the new system as they had
done under the old one. With these views he could not
accede to the motion.

Mr. NIILNES said he believed her Majesty's Govern-
ment were strong enough and virtuous enough to take
upon themselves any responsibility whatever. A great
emergency might arise before Parliament was called to-
gether,
and he thought it was right that the Government
should be prepared for it. lie could not on that occasion
vote with the party whom he always desired to support:
Mr. P. M. STEWART supported the motion. The
Government could not conceal from themselves that the
present Corn Bill had the vice of the old one. At' than
moment there were. 1,500,000 quarters of corn in bond,
which. was more than the Government contemplated,
and the speculation was that the-corn-holders would nut
pay the nine shillings duty, but wait till it was one
shilling. He thought the Government ought, on every
account, to be invested with this power.
Mr. WALLACE said he had seconded. the motion
because he was of opinion that it oug to be agreed
to. It was because he had no cOnfitlenci! in her Majesty's
Government that he supported that- motion. He he,.
lieved that the people would die of starvation in the
streets and lanes of every town before the Government
would prhpose remedies for their relief. He called upon
the advisers of her Majesty to let her know the condition
of her subjects. He asked that the people might not be
starved. Enormous sums of money had been advanced
for various works, and how could they refose to make.
provision for saving the people from starvation ? The
reason he voted for the proposition was, to put it in the
power of the Ministry to mitizate the present Corn-law.
Mr. JOHN PARKER said that a great Minister had
in 1826 come into the House and said he would, on his
own responsibility, afford relief to the people during the
tune Parliament was not sitting. • Th:4 Right lion.
Baronet now at the head of the Ministry, supported him
in that. The exigencies of the country then were nothing
to what they are now. The distress of the country was
then a paralysis, now it, was a decline of the country. If
the Right lion. Baronet had properly framed his Corn •
law this proposition would nut have been necessary.
What they wanted was a communication with America.
—(Hear, hear.) They wanted a proper communication
with America to • make this country prosperous. He
should most certainly support the proposition of his
lion. Friend the Memier for Aberdeen.

Sir H. PEEL • said that the proposition made by the
Hon. Gentleman for vesting. thii discretionary power in
her Majesty's Government, which was the object of the
motion,. was mainly i‘.sted upon two grounds. The first
ground was authority, and that authority chiefly con-
si.sted of the precedents of 1826; and upon the other;
which. was the more important ground--pulAie advan-
tage.-(Hear, hear.) With respect to the second argu-
ment, it was quite clear that public' weal was the first
consideration. The precedent which had bcea ref rred
to it was necessary to exatnine, and see if the real nature
of the proceeding had any bearing on the present exist-
ing circumstances. In the year 1826 the exiting law
precluded the admission of foreign wheat until the aver •
ate price in the markets of this country attained to 80s.
The Government of that day had to consider whether
that law should be altered-; and the feeling that pre-
vailed in the country was that the law required change.
The Government under the direction of Mr. Can-
ning felt that they could not recommend an alte-
ration, but he proposed to give a discretionary power
to the Government to admit foreign wheat under
certain circumstances. But under what circumstances ?
Under these. The importer was to pay a duty of 2s a
quarter upon all corn above 500,000 quarters which
should be admitted ; and Mr. Canning stated his reason
for giving this discretionary power to be, that the coun-
try would be for: many months without a Parliament.
But so impressed was Mr. Canning with this dis-
cretionary power, that in the 'ensuing year he intro-
duced a precaution against those powers being exercised.
He now came to that which was of much more im-
portance than mere authority against the reason of the
thing. In the year 1826 Government determined not to-
submit any Bill to improve the Corn-laws to Parlia-
-ment ; in 1842 the Corn-laws had biert adjusted, and he
was speaking now under a re-adjustment of the Corn-
laws— (Oh, oh)—and two months afterwards a proposi-
tion was made tosgive a discretionary power to her Ma-
jesty's Government to alter the duty. Why, he could
understand what it was to repeal that law, he could
understand what it was to propose material alterations ;
but two months after the Parliament of England had
settled the Corn-laws, to make a proposition for throwing
uncertainty over the whole of it, certainly did appear to
him (Sir H. Peel) to be the most ridiculous way of
adjusting a difficulty. It was his opinion that
if this law were passed, a premium would be
held out to the speculators to withhold their corn.
Gentleman condemned the Corn-law upon its operation
for six or seven weeks. He protested against that de-
cision. He admitted that the varying rate of duty in-
creased the temptation to speculation. It had been said
that there was no instance where corn was taken out of
bond for home consumption, when there was a tendency
in prices to rise. In the last week there had been a tendency
in_ prices to rise. Thequantity of foreign corn imported in
the week ending the 30th of June was 68,481 quarters,
and the quantity entered for home consumption was
25,756. What confidence could foreign Governments
have If) the Legislature of this coun.ry, if, two months
after an adjustropw had been made, that adjuEtmext
were disturbed ?—(Hear, bear?) lie trusted the house
would come to the eoPelusion that it was not advan-
tageous to take from the law the certainty of its exe-
cution and place in the -hands of the Government a
power which might be improperly exercised.—(Hear.)
Lord HOWICK said it had been clearly shown that
gFeat }stress existed throughout the country, and with
equal elearness lia4 it lleGi) Ohi(M11 that but for the Corn •
that distress migbt be P.l4loliijd! • PuFler tbosf, eir-
.'-`"0,4141 W" cle4ir.44le to give a

cumotrinees 11..

,eretion,lry-powee to the Government It -the prin-
ciple of adwitting- corn or a limited tine was
at:mitted, it would be easy to declare that for a
given tame a duty of Bs. should be imposed. Those
-ho oppe.7ed a fixed duty did so because it would being
more land into cultivation. That could not be urged as
an objection to the present motion. He admitted that
the measure was Open to objections, but those objections
arose, riot from the measure itself, but from the nature of
the law which was soeght to be repealed, and holding
this opinion he felt it hiS duty to support the motion.
Lord JOHN. RUSSELL said that there was one
remark which the Right Hon. Baronet had made during
the present discussion, and that was, that the present
Cora-law caused speculation. The Right Hon. Baronet
said that they ought not to judge of the new Bill by a
seven weeks' experience. Bat the Muse must consider
that the etects produced were the same effects as those
of the old law, and which the framers of the new one
adthitted was unsuited to the wants of the country.
With respect to the question before the House, he
(Lord John Russell) could not support the proposition,
as be did not think it would remedy the evil complained
on He had no doubt that., if the necessity arose during
the recess, the Government would take the subject into
their own hands.—t Hear, hear.)
Mr. HUME said that no man could object more .than
he did to plating any discretionary power in the Govern-
ment, and he should oppose the proposition if he could
find any thing better ; but, as that was not likely, he
should support the proposition.
Strangers Were then ordered to withdraw, and the
House divided. The numbers were—
For the motion ll3
Against it
Majority against the motion ... —62
FLAG OFFICERS IN THE NAVY.

Mr. HUME moved for a return showing the services
of all flag-ofE cars in the navy, distinguishing the date of
entry of each offica into the service, -and the several
commissions which they have obtained, distinguishing.
the period passed in commission in their respec-
tive ranks, and the total period on full and
half-pay ; and showing also the period when
each was last employed, and the age of each,
officer at the prc•sent time (in continuation of the returns:
in the Report' of the Commission of Naval Inquiry, in
1840, No. 11 of Appendix Of that Report, and also in
continuation of P. P. of 251 of 1837.)
Sir G. COCKBURN opposed the motion.
After a conversation in which Sir C. Napier, Captain
Pechell, Mr. C. Wood, and Dr Bowring took part,
Mr. BIi3OTHERTON -moved the adjournment of the
-••- - •
'Air. COBDEN seconded the motion.
Strangers were ordered to withdraw and the House
divided, when there appeared,
For the motion 2l
Against it 7l
Majority against the adjournment —5O
On our return to the gallery, we found that
Mr. HUME had moved the adjournment of the debate.
After a short coeversation•between-Sir-C. Napier, Sir
George Cockburn, and IN;r. P. Howard, the motion for
the adjournment of the debate was agreed to without a
division. •

Sir H. MARDI` GE obtained leave to bring in a Bill
to amend the laws. relating to out-pensioners of Chelsea
Hospital, empowering the Secretary-at-War to pay pen-
sions by monthly and weekly, as well as by quarterly
payments. •
Sir J. GRAHAM obtained leave to bring in a Bill to
suspend the making of lists, and the ballots and enrol-
ments for the militia of ie United Kingdom. Also a
Bill:for l'urtber suspending the operations of the new ar-
rangement of dioceses, so far as it affects the existing
ecclesiastical jurisdictions.
TUe adjourned debate on Mr. Wallace's motion was
further adjourned till this day.
The other Orders of the Day were then disposed of,
and the House adjourned at a Quarter past Three o'Clock.

The Frankfort Journal announces that Lord Pon-
smhbr arrived in that city on the Ist inst., on his way from his
Embassy at Constantinople.
1-lArivEsT PROSPECTS.—With one exception (Gal-
way), the provincial papers:continue to report most favourably
of the prospects of an abundant harvest. The. Dublin Weekly
Register of this day says—" Altogether the season is highly
favourable. Crops, which were indifferent some weeks ago,
have greatly improved ; this is to be said especially of oats. In
.the county of Dublin, however, the potatoes have missed is
many quarters, and lightning• has done some damage to the
wheat; The meadows are also in general light, and from none
but a few can an average crop be expected." In the county of
icklow remarkably fine new potatoes are to be had in great
abundance for Id. per lb. The only danger at present to be
apprehended is froM a continuance of the high wind which has
prevailed during the past week, which in some districts has
caused fears for the safety of the early potatce crop, but 'as yet
there is no mention made of any injury being sustained.
' BRISTOL AND EXETER HAILWAY.—Friday, July 1,
was the day appointed for the opening of that por-tion of the
line of the Bristol and Exeter Railway which connects the
towns of Bridgewater and Taunti,n. A considerable number
of the Sharehild,rs availed themselves of the invitation given
by the Directors to meet them in the latter town. to celebrate
the event by a public breakfast. The first train, for the con-
veyance of passengers to Taunton, was announced to leave the
terminus at Temple Meads, Bristol, at nine A. M., but in con-
sequence of the influx of visitors, additional carriages had to be
attached, which caused some delay. At about five minutes
past nine the train took its departure, and from its unusual
length, and from the engine (the Castor) being decorated
with a profusion of colours, it excited on its way a snore than
ordinary degree of interest. On arriving at Bridgewater, it
was met by a large cone: urse of spectators, who lined the
banks on either side of the rail ; and at Taunton the whole
population appeared to have come forth on the occasion ; the
importance of the event causing the day to be kept as a general
holiday.' The, train arrived in Taunton at about eleven o'clock.
The journey from Bridgewater (11i miles) occupied twenty
minutes only, and the ye. y perfect and complete state of the
line was a subject of general remarb.
On Saturday an inquest was held before 3,1 r
Wakley, at the Volunteer, Upper Baker-street, New-read, on
the body of Edward Farrell, Esq., aged 6p, a p-ritleman of
fortune, who died of starvation. It appeared that the de-
ceased had resided for some months at 31, Upper. Baker-street,
and possessed extensive pr,perty in Ireland: He had latterly
determined gradually to diminish the quantity of his food, and
continued to do so even after it was insufficient_ to support life;
the consequence was, he became ill, but refusing medical aid,
he at len,ih on Monday resolved Slug( ther to abstain from
eatirg, and, locking himself in his room, would permit no one
to enter for about twenty-tour hours. Finally, the door was
broken open, and lie was found in a state of extreme exhauss•
tion, fiom which medical treatment restored him for a short
time, but a relape ensued, and he died on Wednesday. Up-
wards of 100/. in cash was found in his apartment. Verdtct—
Died from want of food.

-- - -
PRESTON GUILD MERCIIANT.—This splendid en-
tertainment, which is held once in every twenty years, is ap-
pointed this year to take place in the month of September.
The last Guild was celebrated in July, 1822, and was unques-
tionably one of the most superb municii al festivals that has
been held since that period in any part of the kingdom.
Preston Guild is on the model of the ancient guilds or fra-
ternities. 'lll,,ugh a Saxon institution, the first Guild Aler-
t-hint at Preston was held in 2d of Edward 111.. and has been
held without intermission at a period of twenty years, ever
since that time, when, the Guild Mayor issues a proclamation
announcing that " all persons claiming to have any tight to
freedom or other franchise .of the borrugh of Preston, whether
by ancestry, prescription, or franchise, are to appear by them.
selves or their proxy, to claim and make out their several
rights thereto, otherwise they will, according to ancient and im-
memorial usage, forfeit the same."—Leeds Mercury.
Woac iiSTE a, JULY 2.—The London mail, which
runs through this town to Ludlow, will shortly be taken off the
road, and the letter bags for this town, Ludlow, and the inter-
mediate towns, will be sent on the Great Western and Ilir-
ming railways, and conveyed to such towns from the nearest
stations by mail-carts. Lord Lowther has determined to abo-
lish mail•coaches where it is prat icable to do so, and he has
also ,intimated his intention to dispense with mail-guards on
railways. This Ilan, considering that guards are paid now by
the Post-office, anti not by fees from the public, will save a
great expense. On some of the norihern railways the railway
guards have already heea sworn, tsi enable them to take charge
of letter_ bags. Tile Earl of Lichfield first ntrodueed the pay-
ment of guards by the Pos`:7lfice, and prohibited them from
taking fees from coach passengers, but this plan was introduced
gradually on account of the expense. The payment of the
Post-office of the staff of mail guards that was necessary before
railroads were completed, would have increased the expenses of
the department by an item of 70,0001.

RUGBY SCHOOL.---A. large number of clergymen
and graduates of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge
have sent in their names as candidates fur the Head-mastership
of Rugby School, vacant by the lamented death of the Rev. Dr.
Arnold. Amongst the number are the Rev. Benjamin H.
Kennedy, D. D., Head-master of Shrewsbury School ; the
Rev. H. Kynaston, High-master of St. Paul's
School ; the Rev. C. Wordsworth, B. D., Second-master
of Winchester School ; the Rev. J. W. l3lakesley, Al. A.,
Fellow and Tutor of Trinity College, Cambridge ; the.
Rev. Charles Ilerivale, B. D., Tutor of St. John's College,
Cambridge ; the Rev. William Tait, M.A., Tutor of Ralliol
College, Oxford the Rev. Charles Osborn, M. A., Master of
the grammar School, Macclesfield; the Rev. Robt. Spranger,
M. A., Fellow and Tutor of Exeter College, Oxford; the
Rev. Mr. Donaldson ; the Rev. Professor Browne, &c. The
election will take place on the 28th inst., and will be severely
contested. The Trustees in whom the nomination is vested are
the Earl of Denbigh, Earl Howe, the Earl of Aylesford, Sir
Henry Halford, Sir George Crewe, Sir Grey Skipwith, Sir
Francis Lawley, W. S. Dugdale, Esq., M.P., Evelyn Shirley,
Esq , M. t'., Henry Holbeche, Esq., and H. Grimes, Esq.
A GREAT DIFFERENCE.—A gentleman belonging
to Glasgow was, the other day, giving an account to his care
sposa of the dimensions of the monstre chimney at St. Rollox,
mentioning, at the same time, several details connected with
its erection, and the magnificent prospect to be enjoyed from
its summit. During the conversation he expressed his inten-
tion of taking an opportunity of making the ascent of the
chimney, but the lady strongly and affection itely dissuaded h.m
from exposing himself to any danger which might be incurred
in the attempt. t..she could not be satisfied upon any ground
that going to a height of 450 feet in a bucket, with a landing-
place apparently only a few feet in diameter, could be accom-
plished with anything like safety. At length, to dimini.h her
fears, the husba,d mentioned the name of a married acquain-
tance of his, who had been carried to the top of the stalk, when
she quickly rej Oh, but you know his life is insured,
and that makes all the difference in the world !"—Glasgow
Courter.

THE WEATHER.—The genial rains during the past
week have proved most beneficial to the crops in the home dis-
tricts, refreshing the ground, and imparting new vigour to the
thirsting vegetation. Few seasons of late years have been
more propitious to the farmer, the heat being far from exces-
sive, and the elements so variable during the last few days, that
while not sufficiently unsettled to cause more than a very par-
tial, and by no means important, interruption to the hay har-
vest, the turnip and wheat crops are benefited to an extent
almost ioerestible ; the present season has also been remark-
able fur the paucity of violent storms of late years so preva-
lent. On Tuesday afternoon several heavy showers fell in the
vicinity of the metropolis, and the barometer indicated a slight
fail. The wind was south-west, and there appeared to be every
probability of more rain falling. The crops, generally, are de-
scribed as looking very promising; but the plant of wheat in
some districts is unusually thin, probably from the scarcity of
Fain during the openiqg months of the spring.
StiDAF4 II A.T4 AT t BATtic----,011 Tuesday, a
gentleman, named Eland, who resided in Bloomsbury-square,
Called at the public baths, situated in Princes-street, Holborn.
He was shown to a room, where he had undressed himself, and
was about to fling himself into the bath, when he fell down, ap-
parently in a fit. Medical assistance was pron.) obtaintd,
and Needing resorted to, but without effect, as life was soon
p•

LATE EDITIONS of " THE SUN" in tho CI rY.
Turn. JOSEPH THOMAS, of No. 1 FINCH-
L LANE, CQIIN HI LL, has made. arrangements by
which the Public and the Trade may be supplied with a
THIRD EDITION a «THIE SITN "

PVERY EVENING at HAI:F-PASiSF,V EiNi O'CLOCK,

And Subsequent Editions when Published.

The THIRD EDITION of " THE SUN" contains the
PROCEEDINGS of both HOUSES of PARLIAMENT
np to SEVEN O'CLOCK, and all other important in-
formation accesbitile to that hour.
Ort Ttrasna I'S and FarnAvs a full Abstract of the " Lon-
don Grzette"—Bankruptcies, Promotions in the Army and
Navy, &c. &c., will be found in this Edition, the importance
of which will be appreciated by MERCHAN l'S and
BANKERS for their FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.
Advertiiements and Orders for " The Sun" received by Mr.
Phomas, No. 1, Finch-lane, Cornhill ; where also may be
,btained Every Morning, before Eight o'Clork,
" THE MORNING SUN."

qll-102iSON'S SEASONS, • Illustrated with 77
Ekgraviogs on Wool, Edited by BOLTON COREY,
Esq , will be ready..for delivery, in a new style of binding, on
Fli,lay next, the 15th instant.
Square crown Bvo., price 21s. ; in morocco, by the best
binders, Z6s.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and LongmanS.

NEW NOVEL by the AUTHORESS of THE FLIRT."
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
THE MAN(EUVRING MOTHER..
A NOVEL.-
By the Authoress of
• HISTORY of- a- FLIRT."
Henry Cnlburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

THE WAR IN INDIA.
Now ready, in 2 vas. Svo., with a valuable Map, and 22 ll-
lusttations,
T RAVELS IN KASIIMER P,
LADAK, ISKARDO ;
The Countries adjoining the Mountain Course of the Indus,
and the Himalaya, North 44 the Panjab.
With Observations on the late and now passing Events in
Affgbanistan.
13g G. T. VIGNE, Esq., F. G.S.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Now ready at all the Libraries' in 3 vols.
iA_DY BLESSINGTON'S NEW NOVEL,
" THE LOTTERY OF LIFE." .
" Characterised by good sense, humorous observation, grace
of mind, and versatility of fancy."—Athenaeum.
" Lady Blessington's book has been very pleasant reading to
us. It is gracefully writti,n throughout, and with a lively
power of goodhearted ridicule. lady Blessington excels in
what we may call refined caricature, in whieh a spirit of frolic
exaggeration runs side by side with a cheerful fancy, shrewd
observation, and humour both sharp and genial. These
volumes wi I add to Lady Blessington's reputation as a lively,
acute, and agreeable writer."—Examiner.
Henry Colburn, publisher, 13, Great Marlborough. Street.,

THEATRE-ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE.
THIS EVENING. JULY 8.
The Performances will commence with the New Dram; called
THE LuNE HUT. Princpal Characters by Messes. 0. 'Smith.
l)iddcar, W. H. Bland, and Harley, Has Murray, Miss Crisp, and
Miss Faucit.
To be followed by Or, New Burletta, entitled THE WATER
ATM in which Messa J,.V.liing, Oxberry, Barke; Misses
Murray, Crisp, Pincott, and Hughes, will appear.
After which, THE ILLUSTRIOUS S ANGER.—Bowbell,
Mr. Harley; Azar, Mr. Barter; Niza, M a. Hughes
To conelude with the Farce of A DAY A ELL SPENT.—BoIt,
Mr, J. Mining; Mizzle, Mr, Oxberry. •
Boxes, 4s. Pit, 2s. - Gallery, Is. Doors o,en at lialfpast Six ;
commence at Seven; Half-price, a Quartet before Nine.
Private B.,xes to be had of Mr. Grogan, the Private Box-oflic2 ;
and of Messrs. Andrews, Mitchell, Sams, and Bally, at their Libraries.

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
THIS EVENING, JULY 8.
Will be acted Ant er's celebrated O•era of IRA DI A VOLO.—
Fra Liavolo; Mr. W. Harrison; Lord Alicash, Mr. J. Webster;
Lorenzo, Mr. Walto ; Beppo, -51 r. t.. Stansbury; Giacomo, Mr.
LtfiL•r; Zerlina, Miss. Rom i• ' • Lady Allcash, Mrs:Serie.
After which, THE ARTFUL DODuE.—Artful Dodge, Mr. G.
Wild.
To conclu e with a Drama call d THE CROWN PRINCE; or
Me BUCKLE OF DIAMONDS, in-which Mr. J. Webster will al).
Nal%
PlAces and Private Boxes may be.' ad of Mr. J. Kerschner, at the
Lox Office, from Eleven till Femur

FRENCH PLAYS, ST. :JANIES'S THEATRE.
THIS EVENING, JULY 8,
The Performances will begin "ith .I.E MARI ET L'AMANT.
After which, LE PAUVRE JACQUES—Jacques, vieux Musi.
cien, Monsieur 13oufle.
To conclude with LE GAMIN-DE PARlS.—Joseph (Gamin de
Paris), Monsieur 13m.ffe
Boxe, 6s. ; Pit, 3s. lid. •, Amphitheatre (or Gallery Stalls), 36.;
Gallery, 4s. Doors will 'be opened at Seven o'clock, and the Per_
tormances commence at Hall-past Seven
Applications fo Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets, to be made at Mr. Nit.
cheil's Royal Library, 33, Old Borid.sticet; and at ;he Box.odiee
of the Theatre, %%Mel) is open daily, from Eleven till Five o'clock.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers, and-the Public. are respectfully
'informed that
ON MONDAYS, TPESDAYS, AND THURSDAY 4
GRAND EVENING FETES will lye given, in ‘v hich will be em-
bodied all those popular Entertainments that have given to this favor,-
. rite place of recreaion its peculiar celebrity, with additions and in:
trod actions, which render them more generally attractive.
The MENAGERIE has been enriched by many valuable and im.
portant acquisitions in the classes of both Quadrupeds and Birds.
Feeding Time Five o'clock.
The Colossal VIEW OF ROME has been repainted, and in some
instances remodelled, with a Mechanical Table iu d'actios, repre-
senting the noce,sion of the Papal Troops, Guards, and Roman
Nobles,. to the Castle of St. Angelo.
The. BAND includes some of the most em neat Performers, con.
• lucted by Mr. Godfrey, and the Programme of the PROMENADES
~tI.IsICA LE.S selected( rom the noblest Works of the great Masters.
The I LLUMINATIONof ST. NUE/VS, the CROSS of FIRE,
and the GIR A N DOL A of' ST. ANGELO, wi h all the gorgeous
Spectacles and magnificent introductioris that have called forth ac.
clammations of delight and admiration on. each evening of their ex.
lilbition, terminating with the triumph of pyrotechnic splendour,
the-CASE 4.DE of ;BRILLIANT FIRE,- SIX I Y FEET in height.
The Gardens are open Daily from Ten till Dusk. The -Evening
Fetes, with the Promenades Muslcales, Illumination of Peter's,
Girandola of St. Angelo, &c., will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays,
chnrsdays. Admission One Shilling.

portation and death on seTseral offenclefk anotberiiinFder
.bas been Connalittel in that part of Ireland :

On Sunday la-it, says a letter from Dublin, dated the b:h
inst.., in the middle of the noonday, and in the populous neigh-
bourhood of Della, in the county of Tipperary, a party of four
men entered the house of Mr. William Hardy, and robbed it of
three guns, a pistol, and sword. Mr. Samuel Hardy, the
brother of the proprietor, was in theact of entering the boucv,
and making some show of resisting their retreat, when one of the
mi-creants came behind him, and struck-him with a stone on
the head, from the effects of which he died in a few minutes
after. Mr. William Hardy is a respectable farmer, and bears
an excellent character among his workmen and neighbours ; his
bather, who has been thus foully murdereA, was a most indus-
trious, upright, and kind man.

Without presuming to assert, with the diabolical deeds
of COOPER- and GOOD fresh -in- our recollection, that
the English are more moral
.than the Irish,
there is, we think, it marked difference in their
.crimes, which may suggest different remedies. Most
ofllia great crimes committed here have a sordid
origin. They spring from a love of money as a means
of gratifying low and sensual passions. The bulk of
the crimes committed in Ireland have their origin in
revenge, or in a struggle for the means of subsistence.
Some dispute takes place about a farm, some tenant - is
dispossessed, and another takes leis place; some landlord
infringes _ on the customs of the people, and feuds,
quarrels, and assassination ensue. For these and
_ _

all other classes of great "crimes springing from very
different sources, the _legislittor has but one lumping
punishment. He thinks, or has thought, that the gel-
lows is a universal panacea, and he adminkters it in all
cases with as much deliberate, but much more mischievous
quackery than ever Mr. MoRISoN prescribed his uni-
versal pill. Such an easy system of generalisation saves
the Legislature, we admit, much trouble, but inflicts on
it indelible disgrace.
With the exception of one or two attempts on the
lives of masters in the manufactuiing districts, England
is quite exempt from that species of murder growing
from feuds and struggling for the meas of subsistence,
which take place in Ireland. The. source of this differ-
ence is .to be found, we are induced to believe, in the
independence of individuals in Ireland, and their
dependence in England. In Ireland each one of the pea-
santry, little acquainted with the comforts and luxuries of
life, having little or no trade amongst them, supplies
the great majority of his own wants. He and his fa-
mily buy nothing as it were ; perhaps they make a
part of their own clothing, but at any rate they do not
go to the grocer, the baker, the butcher, the brewer, or
the publican for the supply of their daily meals. The
family sows, digs, and cooks its own potatoes, and sub-
sist on them almost all the year round. The Irish, for
want of manufactures and trade, Jive, as it were, isolated
and independent ; and each man nourishes iu his own
bosom the evil passions of the semi-savage.
In England, on the contrary, even in the most remote
and most rural districts, there are few or no families
which do not subsist rather by the exchange of their
labour than on its immediate produce. The great ex
tent to which division of labour is carried here makes
us all mutually dependent, and has done far more to ex-
tinguish the strong passions of the savage than the use
of the gallows, which has been common to both coun-
tries, and is a relic of the barbarism which division of
labour has done much to extinguish. Thus it is the
difference in division of labour in the two countries
which gives birth to the difference of their crime,.
It is customary, we are aware, with those
who have acquired something of the jargon,
and nothing of the spirit, of the science of
national wealth, to speak of it as merely explaining how
capitalists heap up money; but those who have caught its
spirit are aware that, as in this case, Political Economy is
replete with the highest moral instruction.
The effect of division of labour in making men mu-
tually dependent, and, therefore, mutually kind, indicates
that the true way to put an end to assassination in Tip-
perary and other places in Ireland, is to remove all the in-
pediments which either law or custom has there placed in
the way of extending the different arts and manufactures
which are suitable to the soil and the people, or which
are known to the rest of mankind. When the Irish have
bi,Comd artisans, and have ceased to live without ex-
changing their produce, they will cease to murder men
at noonday for party strife, or strife growing out of the
contention for a spot of ground. The extension of art,
however, will not cure the sordid crimes of the English.
We want sordidness banished from our legislation ; we
want to get rid of the demoralizing example of lawmakers
perpetually legislatingwith a view to their own profit, and
setting the horrid example of putting their countrymen and
countrywomen to death by hundreds and thousands, in
order to extend the cultivation of their own estates. An
abundance of food, we are inclined to think, the pro-
duce of free trade, would both check sordidness in
England, and extend division of labour, with mutual de-
pendence, in Ireland. Political economy, in truth, rightly
understood, will be found the best substitute for the
gallows in both countries, if it do not teach. us how to
dispense with much penal jurisprudence.

„ ‘f•-: tat; .), ~..,4,, 0.0
',.t,.?:•”; , •-i; v., • ---,:': -).,- .,'•