The Sun.
London, England, 1820-06-13 00:00:00

TUESDAY, JUNE 13, MO

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A-SeLoud Edittim of .
FRAGNIENT ~f !be HISTORY ~1 JOHN
•
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Humours of JACK RADICAL: with incidental Remarks
upon Ancient and Miidern RADICAL:SM.
By HORACE HOM Esq.
Of the Middle Temple, London.
Si Bird 4 feed on birds, beaSts on each Other prey,
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11 EAI f ‘ll,- LA \V rit WERTY,
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By S. DONNISON ROPER, Esq,
Of Gray's Inn, llairister at Law—containing;
Chap. I. Curtesy,
2. Dit.corititotate by HuShand of *Wife's Estate.
3. Leases of LVite's Estate. - .
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FOR THE SUN.

, .
PETITION'S ON KGRICI:TLTITRAL DISTRESSES.

[LEITER I.] t

MR. EDlTOR—Petitions on the above subject
have been of late presented to Parliament in such
mioubers as appear to be overwhelming. They
have claimed particular notice on account of the
difficulty how redress by legal. enactments could
be granted, if the reality and extent of the com-
plaints were ascertained. •
To fix who the parties particularly interested
are, and the causes from whence the distress
arises appears to be the Objects to be primatily as-
certained.
The parties seem be the Landlords, the Te-
nants, and the Consumers of the 'produce. Their
interests Vii y considerably.

-
Thus the Landlord, subsisting front the pay-
ments of rents, Wishes them to be as ample as
'hr.:Truant is ' willing to submit to. Ist the
Tenant is desirous the rent shoold be as moderate
as the Landlord is willing to coocede;ort he COM-.
petition of other offers indoCes him to agree to,.
and the prospects in the disposal'Of his piodOce
to the consumer causes him to consider as profi-
table. The consumer, who is under tie b,q-
gains•Of the two antecedent parties profitably
thoogli not Alirtctly concerned, is to pay for all,
and in arriving to buy cheapest where he can, is
tieilliently most disappointed, and apt to complain
that the prices Le 'must concede are comparatively
too high for the earnings his occupation affords
him.

It is singular that no agricultural complaints
like these appeared' whilst the late dreadful war
lasted; but the consumers repeatedly did complain,
and particularly when the prices of wheat arose
trans 80s. to 1405., yea 160 s. per quarter. The
Li•gislai me granted, under this heavy pressure,,
bounties ou COrn aud.rlOur impoitcd iron! abrbad,

nntaithstanding prices remained high.. The war
caused increased consumption, which in peace
ceases. The consequence was soon experienced,
and caused the agriculturist to apply fdr,rind obtain
a new Corn Act 41.1815, by which the importation
of Foreign Wheat was only allowed,at 804. per
quarter, being a tire of 153. a quarter on what it
nsed to be; and other kinds of Grain were raised in
propnri ion. Under this. Act of 1815, still in force,
the impot tation of •Foreigp Wheat ha3,b,en shirt
these last IS months, the average having held at
2v. to 4s. per quarter under the opening mini-
mum.

Tin the Corn Act of 1773, usually called
neral Conway's Act, no Foreign Corn could he
imported ; but special Acts were passed for free
import when wanted, -and a time limited for im-
portation.. By the above Act the regulation of
Quartetly Returns of Coin Prices affecting the
‘pening and shutting of the Polls of the
County the Return was made for, wa4 first
eitahli4ed. The opening price fvr Wheat
was fixed at 48s. per quarter, and other
sorts of Grain in, proportion, so that from 1773
to 1815, say in 42 years, the Legislature
sane, ioned a rise ot, 321. per quarter of Wheat,
all ineteafe of 665. 2-3 d. per quarter on the
value of 1773, being. in reality a tax on the
consumer, and a bounty betiv;xt the Landlord
and Tenant.

As far as I am informed by the Public Papers,
I do not lentil of any petition from Landlords
complaining of Aviv')ltural Distress ; but pos-
sibly some of these Gentlemen may be behind the
•crt►ea, judging from the ardour land-
cd Gentlemen in the [louse :of Commons display
in the debates on :Agricultural subjects. Land-
lords could har,ly complain with a good gtae..,
for the rise of rents during tie late long war
has been enormous ; tenants overbidding each
other, proportionate to the rise of Corn Prices,
ttffering double, t►eble,_ four•folt!, the former old
rents, and leases were so concluded tor. Ire-
member !be, repot.; of a. large estate appertainirg
to a Charity bring let for 60001. per ann., and af-
trrivards goofed as an instance of a great decline
of rent. on tie return of peace, because only 40001
could be obtained, which might be corrrct, for
it was also stated that it lead been raised from
One Thousand, the original old rent, to Six
Thousand Puund4 !

'the tenants and some occupiers of land (pro-
bably wvners of the land themselves cullivdted,)
scent to be the real complainants of Agricultural
s'lreSs ; probably many of these labouring rimier
the increased rents above referred to, when tarm•
ing was a yet y pit:fit able occitinit ion in Great Bri-
tain. It is sin4lll4.r,that, constricting rent is the
most prominent expenditure of the Agriculturist,
scuts are notoriously notch higher that) for-
merly; these Petitions now presented to Parlia-
went appear Wholly silent on-the, subject of ad-
vanced rent, which most undoubtedly now rim.
tribute to the distress ill. Petitioners complain ot,
iiird seek relict for ; 'hut very likely they felt the itn-
Piphlbili.y that.a Petkion with such a disclostoe;
would not meet a welcome reception when pre-
to ewes!,

When this distress of the Agriculturist is analys-
ed,
Wi)al is it but. a inis!akeo speculation, similar to
those which merchants pursue frequently to their
ruin ; and must the Agticoltimist not, from the
same cause, exp Ct a similar effect, and escape
Bankrtiptcy; and is he more entitled to redress
thair,other classes in society who are subject to
stiffer (or acts of imprudence or misfortune ? That
such an occurrence as a farmer appearing in the
ti ukrupr list was formerly very tare, arose from
them and their fatOies temaining in the, laborious
class their ancestors appertained to, and exercised
a consistent economy and frugality,
Whets the high prices of Agricultural produce
of all kinds enriched the Farmer, the superabund-
ance hey and their families felt, temred and in
duced many to imPate and mix with superior
classes. They, dispensed with the laborious exec•
ti'•n themselves formerly applied to, and caused
servants to perform those offices their opulence
induced them to consider as derogatory. Their
plain furviture appeared to assume a more costly
modish appearance, and their -entertainments rose
luxorou.! costly parties. Instead of good
strong home-hrewed beer or ale, the most costly
wine and spirits, graced their tables. Tempta-
t (ins of this kipd were probably ()fierier submit fed
to that, resisted, when examples of equals and su-
periors even made such changes doubly captivat
.iog, and the means to follow were within filch
reach. It must he readily conceived, that a fail
in the prices of
,Whea., from 150 s
,per quarter to
80s. or under, would put a stop to the extrava-
gance lately imbibed by those who had forsaken
the laborious tiogality ,of their ancestors, auto
this unwelcome feeling, no doubt, appeared • to
many of the votaries who had imbibed these new
maxirns and pleasures in the shape of distress,
and has been probably not a trifling inducement
,to the signature of many a Petition now loading
the tables of both Houses of Parliament for re-
dress; for if Parliament-men do live even better
than they used to do, why should not they, accord
ing to the tie s ('ode of the Rights of Man, enable
us to do alike to themselves. This is the cause
why runny Agriculturists who gloried in those
high inices, which were grirvoos at,d deeply felt
by the consumers, are wishing for a return. There
are Farmers who regret BLYOKAPARTE'S dethrone-
ment, because, during ;his reiem, their produce
obtained such prices as suited their wishes and
oceopa lion
In my next I shall conclude with remarks on
the case of the Consumers, and the hest modes to
relieve the parties interested, assuring you my
statements are those of uTu.

June 8, Mg.

A DAILY READER OF YOUR PAPER.

[PIIICE-SEVENPEN-CF.

IiARLI A MEN

HOUSE OF LORDS, MONDAY, JUNE 12.

The Matte proceeded in Appeale —The (Atha
were aotoinktered to the Earl Spencer, the Eati
Poolett, the Earl of Carystact, Lord Viscount;
Hereford, and Lord Howard de IVaMon.

A Message nom the House of Commons,
brought up by Air. Brogden and oti:er MVlnber:s,
gave leave to Mr. Ellice to. attend the Lords'
Committee on Trade, if he should think fir. Ano-
ther Message, brought op by Lor,l Francis G.
Osborne and other Members, desired the attend-
ance Of the E ol of Sheffield, to give evil lice be-
fore the Netersfield Election Committee. Reply,
that the Lords would send an answer by Mes-
sengers of their own. 'flue Exch,tzier Bills
Funding Bill, some local and private Bills, were
also brought up lay Mr. Brogden, Mr. Tennyson,
Mr. Egerton, Mr. TNa iss, and other Members, anti
read a first time.

The Customs' Regulation Bill wis read a se•
coed time, and counn rt,d for t,-morrow.

The Commis' Bonds, &r 811 p.s=ed through
a committee) and '‘as rtported Without aniencl.
rnent.

A Petition from some Inhabitants of Coventry
WnS presented by the Earl of CARNARVON,'S'Aiing
that they had been sued in the Court at Exche-
quer for selling Roasted Wheat as a substitute
for Coffee (which they were not aware was an
offence ;) and that they hod oppe.red in Court,
but their appearance was refused 16 be recorded,,
because they had no money to fee a Clerk in
Court, and they weie threatened with having
their persons token by a subsequent process ;
they therefore prayed !chef ..--Uroeted to lie
the Table.