The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-13 00:00:00

NOTICE.-ALTERATION OF TIME AND
REDUCTION 01' FARES. GRAVESEND for 6d. or 9d.,
boat and railway- included. The STAR and BLACKWALL
PACKETS are now running at the above reduced faxes from the
Brunswick Wharf, Blackwall, at 916, 10%, 12, 1%, 316, and 5.
Sundays, 12 and 3% excepted. From the New Terrace Pier,
Gravesend, at 8%, 9%, 11%, 1,2%, and 5. Sundays 9% and 1 ex-
cepted. Fare : Fore Cabin and Second Class Railway, 6(1.; Saloon
and First• Class 9d.
Star Office, Gravesend, Oct. 11, 1845. •

THE WATER SUPPLY, DRAINAGE, and
TOWNS IMPROVEMENT COMPANY.
(Provisionally Registered.)
_ _

To be empowered by Act of Parliament, or by Royal Charter,
Capital 1,000,000/.

To be raised in 20,000 Si ares of 501 each, with a limitation of
the liability of each Shareholder to the amount subscribed. The
Capital to be extended as opportunities of beneficial investment
are offered.
Deposit ss. each Share, being the amount allowed under the Act
7 and 8 Vict., cap. 110.
TRUSTEES.
Thomas Baring, Esq., M.P. 1 Samuel Jones Loyd, Esq.
BIRECTORs.
Lord FRANCIS EGERTON, M.P., Chairman.
Neil Arnott, M, D., F.R.S. William Miles, Esq., M.P.
Edwin Chadwick, Esq. James Morrison, Esq., M.P.
John Crosthwaite, Esq. Alfred Morrison, Esq.
Raikes Currie, Esq , M.P. John Moss, Esq:
Sir John Easthope, Bart., M.P. John Lewis Ricardo, Esq., M.P.
Viscount Ebrington, M.P. Nassau /William Senior, Esq.,
Earl Fortescue Master in Chancery
Rowland Hill, Esq. Robert Aglionby Slaney, Esq.
Sir George Larpent, Bart. one of Her Majesty's Corn-
John Macgregor, Esq. missioners for inquiring Into
James Matheson, Esq. M.P. the Health of Towns
(With power to add to their numbers.)
CONSULTING ENGINEERS.
James Smith, Esq., of Deanston
Lieut.-Colonel Hutchinson, of the Bengal Engineers, F.R.S.
James Vetch, F.R.S., Captain of the Royal Engineers
Butler Williams, Esq., Civil Engineer, late Professor of Geodesy
to the College of Civil Engineers at Putney
Thomas Hawksley, Esq., Engineer to the Trent Water Works
Company, and also to the Gas Company, Nottingham
J. Roe, Esq., Engineer to the Commissioners of Sewers for the
Holborn and Finsbury Division of the Metropolis
John Frederic Bateman, Esq., Engineer to several Water Works in
Lancashire
William Lindley, Esq., Engineer for the Drainage, Rebuilding,
and Water Supply of Hamburgh
Henry Austin, Esq., Architect and Engineer, Secretary to the
Metropolitan Improvement Association
SOLICITORS.
Messrs. Sir George Stephen and Hutchinson, 3, Fumival's Inn
Messrs. Humphrys, Keightley, and Parkin, 43, Chancery-lane.
BANKERS.
In London—Messrs. Currie and Co.
In Manchester—Messrs. Jones Loyd and Ce.
In Liverpool—Messrs. Moss and Co.
The objects of the proposed Company are to provide towns with
water on improved principles of supply; to effect their drainage
and cleansing completely and systematically; to apply their refuse
to agricultural purposes ; and to carry out any similar or collateral
works that require the union of science and capital for the sanitary
improvement of towns, either in the British empire or in foreign
countries, where security can be given for the capital invested.
The Commissioners' Reports of the results of the recent inquiries
into the circumstances affecting the health of towns, have shown,
that in only six out of fifty of the towns to which their inquiries
were directed, " could the arrangements and supplies of water be
deemed in any comprehensive sense good; whilst in thirteen
they are indifferent, and in thirty.two they appear so
deficient as to be pronounced bad, and so far as yet
examined, frequently inferior in purity ;" that of the same fifty
towns " in scarcely one tan the drainage or the sewerage be pro.
nounced to be complete or good, whilst in seven it is indifferent,
and in forty.two decidedly bad, as regard the districts inhabited by
the labouring classes." These official reports also show that this
state of things had generally arisen from want of science in the
plans, deficient practical skill, insufficient capital, the separation
of works which ought to be combined in one system, and the ab-
sence of adequate motives to due economy in their execution and
maintenance. In a large proportion of cases, measures of improve-
ment are frustrated by the Incompleteness of the areas for proper
drainage and the other works, by local party spirit, and by the
want of the information requisite for thedireetion of improvements.
With a view to economy and efficiency, the Commissioners hava
recommended as essential, that the whole of the works
for the supply of water—the house and branch and
main drains, and the sewers—should be combined under
one manage,nent. The evidence which exposes the
general inefficiency of these works, whether undertaken
bys elected or not; elected bodies, who have only a slight personal
interest, in constantly comparing pecuniary results with the ex-
penditure, also shows that the expense of their management is
rarely lees than twenty per cent. per annum on extraordinary
outlays. The Commissioners deem it impracticable to ensure hem
any such bodies " the same constant attention to economy in the
expenditure of other people's money that contractors would give
in the expenditure and management of their own." They, there-
fore, recommend as an important and main security to the public,
that all such works should be maintained as well as executed upon
contract; and they add, " Many of such works are, however, too
large for single contractors, anJ it appears to be desirable to
give facilities for the execution and maintenance of such works
by public companies, as lessees or contractors for terms of years,
with liberty of redemption on terms previously settled." They
recommend, as advantageous to the consumers, that for the con.
tractors' labour and risk, fairly remunerative net returns, beyond
the common rate of interest on the capital invested, should be
guaranteed to them.
The same official researches into the means of improving the
sanitary; condition of towns have brought to light important in-
stances of improved works which have long been in successful
operation, with good returns to the capitalist, and reduced charges,
as well as increased conveniences and comforts to the consumers.
It is proposed that tl,e Company, acting in unison with the local
authorities, shall extend the application of such improvements to
districts already snore or less supplied, as well as to districts in
which there is no regular supply, either by purchasing and com-
pleting existing but imperfect works, where they may be obtained
en equitable terms, or by carrying out entirely new works, accord.
ing to the suggestions of the Commissioners of Inquiry. With the
aid of a staff of engineers of extensive and varied practice, and
distinguished by their having effected successful improvements, the
Company may undertake works with perfect confidence that they
will secure to the consumer an efficiency and economy which can.
not be obtained through the medium of persons whose experience is
limited to their own districts, or who are habituated to imperfect
works, and modes of management which the public wants require
to be amended or superseded.
The system proposed for adoption to meet the most pressing pub.
lic want, that of improvement in the supply of water, is a system
which has long been in successful use ih several towns, namely,
that of a constant supply of filtered water at high pressure, as con.
tradistinguished from the common mode of an intermittent supply,
which renders necessary an expensive apparatus of butts and tanks,
in which water stagnates, until it is wanted, and in which, how-
ever pure at its source, it becomes vapid and polluted, by the ab-
sorption of the soot and dust falling In crowded districts; while if
the water be impure, and, as is usually the case, unfiltered, the
generation of animalcules and the decomposition of animal and
vegetable matter, are constantly taking place to an extent
most injurious to health and comfort. The constant supply
also affords new and important conveniences for baths, for
washing, and other domestic purposes. In those towns where it
has been introduced, it has, as shown iu the Commissioners' report,
occasioned a reduction of one-half of the previous average losses by
fire, and made a corresponding addition to the security of life as
well as property. The constant supply at high pressure also fur-
nishes efficient means for the removal of refuse from houses, and
for the cleansing of drains, streets, and sewers, such as no other
system affords. The Nottingham scale of charges, which from the
improvements in machinery, and the reduced cost of pumping by
the steam-engine, has proved to be remunerative to the capitalists,
will be adopted with nine variation, according to the prices of
materials and fuel, and the securitiesgiven. On this scale, which
is less than one.third of the common rate charged for intermittent
supplies of unfiltered water by the greater number of the water
companies in the metropolis, the improved supply will be provided
at a rate of three-farthings per ton, threepence per 1,000 gallons,
or at a rental of about twopence weekly for the domestic use of all
the houses in a town,—a constant supply being carried into the
poorer class of tenements at a pressure of above 100 feet, so as to
deliver forty gallons of filtered water per diem to the highest attic,
at a rate of one penny per week. The cost of this supply is less
than the usual expense of the wear and tear of common pumps.
To the large consumers the Company may, from the reduced ex-
pense of steam-power, supply water at a lower cost than the
usual wages for hand .labour in pumping, even where the water,
the well, and the pump may be had gratis. The commercial prin-
ciple proposed for adoption, as advantageous to the shareholders, is
that of low rates for abundant supplies to the whole population, in-
stead of high charges for restricted supplies to the higher and mid..
die classes of the community, according to the common practice.
The system of constant supply reduces the landlords' and te.
nants' charges for distributing apparatus within the house to at least
one-third of the amount requisite for an intermittent supply. It is
proposed that the Company shall render unnecessary any immediate
outlay for such apparatus, or for waste and return pipes within the
house, by undertaking to lay them down and maintain them, with
securely.trapped drains, for an addition to the annual water rent.
The Company will undertake to construct and maintain the main
sewers. They will also undertake to apply, or prepare for sale and
use as manure, the refuse of towns which is now mischievously
willwa atett thepollutioncomplete
under
rf
onetle inwatersnag
management,
theeT, natural
whereverst "part: practicable,
t i; c at hh leer,
h merelyi c h a
fsre
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pt
oobraoohrtfieeh
profitable
adverta ineffectual
rabtl
oftcoaetie. t
advantagesahne dr . additionally
fthe expensive
the set of works which the Commissioners recommend should be
whletn s s combined,
uconductedfliacnidenwt
proposed
strictlyiti
interests
otnperr,oe atsesomcn:efgtntheth
:set tbcmorsot
ihtssiuevmoehealth,
pwechotlepeeled
founded,ot
ofeoc od-
returnsuol py ecroant isotunhi
consulted.
.h
thei thelen
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so,mphepocawunneyivaerirys,
asbthe
et rapidly,isonly
community,oecn o tnha.mtrbasis
that
haal
ity,
the
hh
aea
ntcda pclthosecapital
advantagespciaentebiye
justlyrea l
realised
may be ex.
se de tope thete
d
to be raised, and science applied to the works in question ; all of
which, it is now proved, must, when completely carried out, effect
large reductions of various existing money charges, to landlords as
well as to
theeven formation th loweste of
Companyt
enants
of class
this .
Whilsthas been consider-
tat communications have been
ion to five populous towns in England,madeto its promnters with re-
four of which are now
entirely dependent for supplies of water
Po
the Increase of population are rapidly becomingun wells, which from
more and more
polluted. Each of these towns Is badly drained, and it has been
suggested that they would afford eligible opportunities
plication of science and capital to carry out the r , for the ap-
Improve-
merits. Three of these towns have already b:lnu
the purpose of obtaining better supplies of water ; anaritayed,for
from estimates which admit of but little variation as to the appears
e
of the works required, a good return on the capital expense
may in etch instance be promised on the completion of the water.
works alone. The general state of the two other towns from
which communications have been received, in one of which the ex-
isting works for water supply and drainage are required to be
extended and combined, is sufficiently well known to warrant the
expectation of certain and profitable returns on the capital ex.

pended.
There is reason to believe that a considerable portion of the re-
quisite capital would be subscribed within each of these towns by
influential inhabitants—an arrangement which it is proposed in
general to adopt as a principle of action of the Company, with
the view of obtaining local superintendence in order to prevent
any grounds of dissatisfaction amongst the consumers, as well as to
_ .

• - _
provide collateral security to the shareholders for the efficient exe-
_

eution and maintenance of the works.

The general capital of the Company will be increased in propor-
tion to the eligible applications to it for assistance. It has been
estimated that for the works for the supply of water drainage and

application of the refuse of the towns .already surveyed and under
consideration, an immediate active capital of half a million would
suffice, power being given to raise more money from time to time
as the original capital Is permanently invested. The capital will
be raised in shares of 501. each, and called for only as actual
operations require.

Where works of town drainage have been executed and main-
tained by a public Company the return of profit has been satis-
factory to the shareholders, even though such works have pro.
ceeded on old and imperfect plans. The returns from the sale and
" •

application of the refuse of towns to agricultural purposes have
hitherto been very profitable, and under the improved manage-
ment, and the present state of agricultural enterprise, may be
expected to be highly remunerative. Under these circuinstances

the sharehol Ws may expect returns, when publicly guaranteed,
of six per cent., or when made in the ordinary terms, and ccm.
bining waterworks with drainage and the sale of refuse, a much
higher rate of profit.

Applications to be made for shares, in the form subjoined, to the
so►icitors, or to any of the following sharebrokers in London, of
whom prospectuses and forms of application may be obtained

Messrs. Capel, Cuerton, and Lawford, Royal Exchange ; Easthope
and Sons, 38, Throgmorton-street; lichens, Harrison, and Co.,
18, Threadneedle.street ; Joshua Hutchinson and Son, 39, Loth-
bury Parker, Scrutton, and Co., 81, Old Broad- street; Sutton,
Gribble, and Co., Royal Ekchange. In Manchester, at Messrs.
John Raillon and Sons, Exchafige-arcade ; Messrs. Cardwell and
Sons, Brown-street; Messrs. Gardiner and Heap, 16, Princess-
street ; and Mr. Henry Rawson, Tib-street ; and in Liverpool, to
Messrs. Neilson and Co. ; and Messrs. H. Davies and Co.
FORM OF APPLICATION FOR SHARES.

To the Provisional Committee of the Water Supply, Drainage, and
Towns Improvement Company.
Gentlemen,—l request that you will allot me shares
of 501. each in this undertaking, and I hereby undertake to accept
the same, or Any less number which may be allotted to me; to pay
the deposit of ss. per share, and all further calls made thereon, and
to sign the Company's Deed of Settlement when required.
Name In full
Profession or Occupation
Address
Reference to a Banker
Date

Signature of Applicant

OXFORD, NEWBURY, ANDOVER, MAN-
CIIESTER, and SOUTHAMPTON JUNCTION RAILWAY.
The Committee of Managctneut beg to announce that in conse-
quence of arrangements now pending with other important interests,
the effect of which will be materially to strengthen the position of
this Company, the allotment of Shares will be postponed for a few
days. R. ETW ELL, Chairman.
J. L. FERNANDES, Secretary.
11, Bridge-street, Westminster, Oct. 13, 1845.

MIDLAND BARNSLEY, SHEFFIELD,
DEWSBURY, LEEDS, AND BRADFORD RAILWAY.
Dewsbury, 7th October, 1845.
Notice is hereby given, that no further applications for Shares h
this:Company can be received after TUESDAY, the 14tli instant.
SCHOLES and BRODRIBB, Solicitors to the Company.

N ORTH LONDON JUNCTION RAILWAY
COMPANY., $, Finsbury-place South.
(erovisionally Registered, pursuant to 7th and Eth Victoria, sap. 110.)
Capital, 1,300,0001., in 65,000 Shares of 201. each.
Deposit, 21. 2a. per Share.
PROYISION.AL COMMITTEE.

John Attwood, Esq.,
iii.P., Park-lane, Chairmanoir, Bart., London
Js
jarmjeosh It! °rad'
we ,
aEr
ds qp. ,
I.3Re ;Su.
v, Clapham Common, Deputy-Chairman
James Henry Attwood, Esq., Upper. Seymour-street, Portman-square
John Bagshaw, Esq., oloucester-place, Portman-square
Richard Bethel], Esq.,
Queen's Counsel, Lauderdale House, Highgate
George Bishop, Esq., South Villa, Inner. Circle, Regent's Park
Esq., Osidge, Southgate
Augustus Bosanquet,
Joseph Brawn, Esq., Director of the Trent Valley Continuation
Railway
George Woodreffe rranklyn, Esq , Clifton, Bristol ,
W. Hughes Hughes, Esq., F.S.A., F-L.S., Alderman of the Cl* of
London "
Henry Morton, Esq., Biddick, Durham
George Parbery, Esq., Russell-square, Director of the Manchester
and Birmingham Continuation Railway
Richard Spooner, Esq., M.P., 39, St. James's-place
Georga Rougemont, Esq., 14, Broad-street-buildings
l'Ocholas Wood, Esq., Kellfngworth, Newcastle-en-Tyne.
. ' RANKERS.
Messrs. Glyn, Halifax, Mills and Co., London
Bank of Liverpool •
The Union Bank, Manchester.
ENGINEER—George Parker Bidder, Esq., E.1.C.8.
ARCIIITEcT—Robert Abraham, Esq., Torrington-street, Russell-square.
SGLlcrroa—John Bethel', Esq., 78, King William-street, City.
Stcarranr--Harry Burrard Fame], Esq.

The Provisional Committee of the North London Junction Rail-
way Company have great satisfaction in informing their subscriber 3
that negotiations are now pending between the Provisional Commit-
tee of this Company and the Directors of the Railways north of the
Thames of such a character as to assure them that the City terminus
of this Company will form the Grand Tertainus of all the City trains
north of London.

To effect Oda important object, an area of 10 acres of grouxd (the
southern boundary of which is within 500 yards of . the Bank of
England) has been mast carefully surveyed and valued, and the re-
port of the architect and engineer is of so favourable a character as to
have induced the Provisional Committee to determine on purchasing
the entire site, and it has, therefore, been resolved bb them to in-
crease the capital of this Company to 1,300,0001.
The Provisional Committee consider it of paramount importance
to secure within the limits of their City terminus, the amplest and
most complete accommodation for the traffic of each of the railway
companies who may co-operate with them, an object which will be
effected by opening the very extensive and valuable space of ground
alluded to, within the centre of the City of London.
In conjunction with this enlarged plan, it is intended to embrace
that of a branch line to the present static)* of the Easteru Counties
Railway in iihoreditch, which will effect an entire junction between
the eastern and western parts of the metropolis ; and at the same
time afford a direct communication between the whole of the rail
ways, which reach London Ictha north of the Thames, and give
full development to each of their schemes by creating for them a
common centre within the heart of the metropolis.
Independently, therefore, of the almost incalculable local traffic
which the position of their City terminus will ensure to this Corn-
prtny, will he added that of those companies also who will eventually
co-operate with the North London Junction Railway Company, and
the perfection of a project of no ordinary magnitude and importance
will be realised throughout the whole of this short but very valuable
line of railway. . . _

♦ lithographic sketch now publishing will accurately define the
entire district throrgh which this Company proposes to run this line;
by this means the most casual observer will be enabled to ascertain
that the environs of London, north of the Thames, will be placed in
immediate communication with the City ; While the dense popu-
lation of the City will enjoy a fact ity of connexion with its suburban
localities, necessarily affording It the 'greatest accommodation.
With such Important local resources, therefore, together with the
vast traffic on which the shareholders of this Company have a right
to rely for profit, a large amount of revenue may be fairly and justly
anticipated, fully commensurate with the outlay of the proposed
capital. That revenue will be derived thus :
The daily passenger traffic on the Great Western amounts to
3,345, one-half of which reaches the City. The London and Bir-
mingham amounts to 4,322 daily, two-thirCs of which reach the
City. The Eastern Counties amounts to 2,400 persons daily, half
of whom pass to the West-end of London. The omnibus traffic daily
is 30,894 passengers, two-thirds of which may be given to the City.
Passengers from the suburban districts reaching the City, now un-
aecommodated by any railway, are estimated at 4,000 daily.
From these sources the following products are derived

Per Ina
Passengers from the Great Western and liirmlngham

way, at Gd. each
Passengers from the Eastern Counties to the City tenniuus
of this Company, at 3d. each .. •.•••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • 12,061
Omnibus passengers' traffic, at Gd. each, as taken at