The Sun.
London, England, 1845-11-10 00:00:00

I
~ r Of the. P'''....a- ........_
1111 Pr, imum.onakommeC..- ......---
ÜBLI JOURNALS.
tilts'lll TEE MORNING PAPERS OF 'THIS DAY.
5,,, ---We have more than once acknowledged and regretted
Tnilaitl to lay before our readers a perspicuous and compre-
14147alive cf the occurrences which are now taking place nn
ik,:°flvar in the north of Africa. The want of poi maps
k,,,f....1 topographical descriptions of the country, the oh-
4u4a, 'beyond the province of Algiers, the roving character
le,ter "qaer, and the intricacy of the various relations exist-
tttiutni them and the French, are insurmountable obstacles to
we r.of correct opinions on the incidents and chances of
,t ee. our acounts of the actual results of these opera.
tle whellec dependent for information on the public in-
, :,"chished by one side only ; and great doubts must be.
kte" Whether the whole truth is ever to be obtained at such
oiritarf here are two vast inducements to falsification ;—first,
domiLtaotives of the officers scattered over the country,
„tee:, extenuate their losses, and make the most of
1t5,,,,,. s in their reports to their own Government;
I it,l., the political motives of the French Govern-
elf,din. Which is not strong enough to resort to
emu,
eietr , though salutary exp.Aiei t, of disgusting
e,„_,OY a true account of the war. If the contest is to be
,i;h,initetaust, of course, be a little dressed up for popularity
le is 0, ation• When all the nakedness of its horrors trails-
k;,,ol),"ttanfrair of the Dahfit, France did not repress her severest
Nsiutatt', •
.It is not, therefore, wonderful that we Should be
kli th te Ignorance of the real state of Africa, when the
,It,erarelves know so little of the task they have undertaken.
lit,,.."Ptilation Probably not exceeding two millions and a half,
1/4.,1.k considerable
it , ka„,,, h e portion have accepted the French yoke,
' I,ahi„, , " compelled the French Government to keep an
lie4i `.aas reached the enormous amount of 100,000 men, in
lk% of the He has demonstrated to all the world. that the
'l, iivne French in Africa is an occupation, but not a con-
%tr the
wearied and would have exhausted evetyleeling in
isle
h,. Contest, except the point of honour, so deeply rooted
!lett ' French ; and he has waged unrelenting war, with
ire!) interval, for fifteen years, without any of the ,
I ,liiteseurces of states, except a legion of fana-
?hch brave adherents. The successive advances of
ith la, n have been crowned with success, but a success
kvicto;hlY enticed them into more complicated difficulties;
ht tt, thq eventually proves more calamitous to them than. a
Cal hhi 'native power. Nor has Abd el-Kader beenavantmg
,ttlhe 6 which could maintain his apparently hopeless cause.
ilign. 5 I'Meco war of last year he disappeared from public ob-
i 15,..;" eluded the stipulation of the treaty of Tangiers;
Ii ta,
aPI ,aPPears that his influence and his emissaries were ac-
V 44,1 "cd in preparing the tribes throughout the provinces
let teed
~ Algiers itself for the most general insurrection that
the 1,-1" attempted. At the close of this summer the Emir
sleek fc; Marshal Bugeaud was absent, but General Lamo.
el.teileh e'll equal to the emergency. The total destruction of
Nest. enseinnin, and the capture of another, soon showed Iliat
lt , tista;"he cunntry required a concentration of farces. The
"JO rnents were collected into bodies of 4,000
I ~' e Mee
'./ (lee ei and were then strong enough to re-
een 'et attack which could be made by
sic e Arabs ; but the
el.,,Ndaan"rated these forces were, the le ould they rnevent
e:ases. movements and operations of the enemy. The positions
na, '", Nlascara, and Oran served as the base of their move.
tttsnthli li the danger were confined to the west alone, they
:' nap ti'efetY have crossed the Tafna, and perhaps pursued the
ey,;Niqr,tle.4 Province 01 Reef; although !,rich a movement at this
et4l,le,would have exposed the 1 rench army to excessive
I,:' 11:;" Would probabi have led to no decisive result what.
'''ths . Meanwhile it 'bec.lame evident that the southern, and
1,,,. saner . et‘eal,,a o districts of the province of Oran, were in full in-
-It:Fat , 1,,n f4ut, it would seem that everything has been pr -
~„4'44•'"d0l march of All.el-Kader into the heart of the
''',,atuit:ece4oris. The road to the south of Mascara is optoen.oitio,
irl, ,othLgrieat tribes of that district
.are in arms, ready
d the frontiers
it ots,toat!. nstead of pursuing a fugitive
bl„,e choirthe French forces must prepare too defend the line
tith,_'htt ~,,* This invasion will of course he a sweeping and
;14'0111y: " vengeance and destruction, for the Arabs,
, put,t, •,rs
4i,h 1144 ri
nog: h is in their cavalry, can neither capture fort.i.
144 1,4 hold them. These Nurn.idian horsemen will
es 'riktp, chlY as they appear ; but,even if they be surrounded
if —, the
111,1 and Y will suffer comparatively little by a reverse, as
lttth eat, Ccl-Xader retains his freedom. The highest tribute
Iteb,.' ita:. Paid to the personal qualities of this remarkab.le man
014 'l4ll i; Prevalent in France, that if Abd-el-Kader perished. or
litiQU'l a. rnn4l4ter, the country would be restored to peace. With.
sot t'll 44447'41°n to depreciate his talents, or his military and re.
ke'alleat-:ee. vi' nevertheless believe that even his death would
ilk Nelia; the war in Africa. . On both sides the struggle has
alea,,-" a Pitch of exasperation, which renders peace a bare
thtt, / as Ung as the two races are pitted against one
Ititii4o,i; ~,T
11.'„kl3io. I -`'E.—When the Bank Bill was under discussion in
tellht,„,°l 1544, several important abstract principles were
bkljition-el.Consideration, upon which we preferred to reserve.
Is leap ~e Until experience should throw some light on their
4et:lliiiee'sr,tion. . And this, we frankly acknowledge, we fall
ilit:',llo;,;`' to do, in consequence of the conflicting opinions of
‘ll,'.e'lk 67 instiY be considered the highest authorities on these
iv 9isci IPP•ed to Sir Robert Peel we had Mr. Tooke, whose
t , lab, .
11,4, and i,., rlouti investigations in his highly esteemed work on
l'ae'torc;-e"arP'lcrs, and Mr. Mill, whose. great attainments all
kii:i to 0.,.,T1ci logical reasoning, entitle their opinions respec.
te,'"' Icier,' highest regard on all subjects connected with econo.
itk„4 the „;e' and banking in particular. On the other hand, we
kit.',,i en,rws of the Minister- supported by Mr. Loyd, Mr. Nor-
Ite ° d Colonel Torrent, whore distinguished acquire.
sir '04'141- experience entitled their opinions to.
..no
,itint,h -eration.
Such was the conflict of f opinion
04,4 the ghost authorities who were altogether disconnected
et.,'(1101,,-,_,°ceedings of the 'Legislature, and to whom we were
it
1140 -C,;‘,1.t0 look for sound opinions on such a subject, than
14 ' toy, attach weight to a vote of Parliament. Our approval
a,Plosi„;:,4 adopted by the Bank rattier condemns than approves
lepNeet, 4 made by the Bank Bill, on which it was to rely for
likllo6,l,°Plised. The Bank Bill, if followed out, would have
to, t', Th",,cteP as has been taken ts, the Bank Directors at this
'Pith."' gas:'a'.l( Bill professed to furnish a self-regulating course
the" tee", and to relieve the Directors from all responsibilits
tie,"lthi-." to the currency. Had the Bank trusted to
h;4.leti ' they would not, at this time, while yet the
lakiNt ttetle is more than five millions below the sum
Nell se„by that Act, under existing circumstances, have.
e,cry, i steps • calculated to curtail the demand for
LIN., But the Bank Directors wisely repudiate a reliance on
to"g,': 1:44814t1ng Principle, and, warned by their experience in
ltic 'first ' and eliecially in 1839, see the necessity of yielding
thteli ti, indications of an increasing demand for money, and
Pie Part's We of interest. The Bank Bill supposes a power on
alate of the Bank to expand and contract the currency at
CDrand Atte •
tio t amity defines the precise time when such steps
Issti'leh 4"O. The Bank Directors, knowing that • they
. have
h
kt tht,dcover—having found by their experience during
tt.ohe
1,,t*11l /ears that they had no power to increase the circulation
i
le t!')fr t:'t knowing also that as long as they hold dhei?oh be
could
ka 46 the public to tha extent of 10,000,0001. ,w lc , .
te'tt, ese-ne'4ll at the mill of their customers, they cannot at p•ea
i :', 4 sondes the circulation—act altogether independently
a,
c, e hell
oill, and take the only true course which could
tt'fp it
ob'ect by making money dearer as it be
tit',., k'ire ini ,I, mand Had the Bank Directors been
10:‘%;;,0 • c
the
'the self-regulating principle of the
31'1,1i -t implaied the necessity of contraction, the circu-
k,k • an.Uld have been altogether beyond their control. The
1:5 -'4,,ilha altogether independently of that Bill, and precisely
lki':`,?'ea4 -1,..,h0" e acted under
.the same circumstances, with the
steels in Wedge and experience of the present Directors, had
iia b5O, 'll Whatever been enacted. The only safe course which
La-tet to scan adopt—and it is ultimately the best for the public—
ltelcb -,,elY On any arbitrary criterion for the rate of interest,
it to e .n; ided entirely by the demand for money. In any at-
tlle
kee educe the rate of interest by aNy other prin-
etlt than r r
tsetse hffe,,, °uPPIY and demand, the Bank would always find
le,'4e ''' But there are other important ways iii . which a
tp'gesi,„l, the principles implied by the Bank Bill would
,t n; 1-41 Y misled the Bank Directors had they implicitly trusted
tat.,apan,i, Bank Bill infers that the only indication for contract,ng
al'l , 'ht the currency is to be found in the state of the
hi'r'e
IThlis-e,heenges, Now, had the Bank followed this criterion, to
h,le thei '"eY would not have taken one step to prevent a drain
C'' aka resources. The exchanges are still all high, and as yet
~mrsi'e -"e'n no ia• •
NI. .. ,f. h,.,,. n ication of falling. Nevertheless, there
toothha beets
tle 'till, he 'lll°ll within three months amounting nearly ree
tht'Res 44 not for transmission abroad. . The state of the ex-
ii, .144 :e rendered that operation impossible. The drain from
h'„ l'a te,ae been exclusively for increased internal circulation, for
1,4,-41, 1 '-', of Wages, and other purposes. But this fact suggests
a" aer„'',ll°, into which Sir Robert Peel has fallen in his Bill.
r4l. 4‘.‘e PftnciPle of that Bill contemplates a drain of bullion,
th'te i i,,,,"i'ting with an adverse exchange, and, consequently.
11', (4!
'" remittance. And on this assumption it provides
f 1,5 i '4,,, Pro Portion as a drain of bullion increases,
e'l.ll,e'4--nal circulation of paper shall be contracted,
tv.,,.", it,,,wed object of making money dearer here, in order to
~ '9 b -"Porta:ion But experience would rather prove that in
liit:4 thltia'lec of a drain. of bulion from the Bank, a large portion
tau,„liternal eirculation of the country, required in conic.
-1 Pri
, -i'ely , cell having risen —and in the present case it is e.x-
-14,141 eire') Antl the mode by which this drain of gold for in.
h"'ed, e-"ation is accomplished, exposes another weakness,
ta'Pl ,-,,4't entire failure of another part of the Bank Bill. That
tjh 4,';',4 strict and arbitrary limit on the amount of notes which
't th 1`3.1 bank can issue ; .and many people flatter themselves
ttlis, 't re 11,,,,-"uee steles on has materially tended to keep the recent spe-
lt the
~Withi° narrower limits than would otherwise have
13,'144„ 'ase• We believe no greater error could prevail.
4.,:i1t line that the issue of notes payable to bearer on demand has
It eg ,u i but this has not prevented bankers in the country
e'ehrie I:Yixtent of accommodation which they wished to do, by
otr;'lli „ s uPon their London correspondents. This is nie a
41)4:14, te. It is a fact 'which has already attracted considerable
totes; anal, bills of exchange' hive been thus substituted for
te,464l:td it shows how utterly impossible it is to enact any laws
44 fet,et' matters of credit and commerce which cannot e.asily
`,t t,r ullYbe evzided when their tendency is against the mte.
tlitlL'tice individuals.a; And it also shows that the substitute for the
'CPI, .teniPted to be prohibited is invariably an aggravation of
0 pbs.r(hed evil.
t:llber t. --We cannot too seriously or strenuously condemn the
yi eXcit'.' and violent efforts which we see made in certain quarters
I,,ttn'te-WBerreat alarm about an approaching scarcity of food. Even
tl)'t %eh, e 600,1 grounds for entertaining such alarm, the sub.
This
ph Undoubtedly to be handled with cautious moderation b)
adverts i .4, have it in their power to influence the public timid.
hat"" obvious a truth, that the very violence to which we
*let the()neincea Us that those who resort to it are well aware
a .Ich the
i' n 0 foundation in truth for the apprehensions a ith
~titer, vY endeavour in their rage to infect the public. The
4tsa.,::‘'hhe°,nrecklessly drive the public into a state of panic are,
tls Its ne, selves aware of the wild exaggerations and frantic in.
~ that hick such a state of panic produces. 'Fbey themselves tell
b th'i ' "en the public fencer fancy themselves endangered,
tee ' knee, ~
he • ts„ ,--- lights at on any whom they have
u.,es
0-I:afnt or are inclined to believe are their etie-
i:ir ~, ill doers They make no compromise with
Inteeie%X.Passions,.no deductions from their metroextre eories
th ore as
,ach iiP a mass of sullen revenee, which deepens re and
e:ir hat. 'lay brings its new want with it, until the measure of
fi`erl but` I, full and their violence is accomplished." This
'4et i tno true an account of the desperate injustice and miscot.
'at 4tu wh
it 'lt 004 ioh men are apt to rush under the impulse of excite-
so e aPPrehension. Yet they who see this, and who describe
that si:ait.:l,Y, are. the very•
persons-who are creating the excitement,
"at e, "'rig wide the apprehension ! It is perfectly inexciesabh
l''eleclr 0"
"'Poses whether of a public' azure or of a less ex_
tl"'e character, such measures. should be taken to alarm
y,.. P4blt; ,
,• no ' ,f there be danger—of which the public ha.
!...•(44te evidence—men should be taught to Inca it v.itl.
;ilte,,,,,tztnealrriness, and to take such precaution as the
.
,'eat ~,,mt ewes render possible, and seem to demand. " This is
l'eried f,,...e want," some will exclaim—" we want, the, ports
•;:ai e,.._ ': LOe reeeption of foreign corn free of dirty.' les,
.bin
.rie,,,err, mimed to prove the case of necessity. Mere assertion,
hilt ,•, veheMent, proses nothing. It may alarm the passions,
Public will not convince the reason. We do not dispute the
IL‘ecee,iefol:c‘..t_...f alarming the passions, . whether the. reason be co n-
h'oat whict;',, but we exclaim against the injustice of asserting
chi PTC,,,,
whets
be false, and of which, at all events, there is
,en ' when the natural result of such assertions is most tills-
"'Nei'''. alarm. Besides, what is the use—as regards present
ei s'ancee
an —of opening the ports ? As well might a
brcs,,,, °Pei, the shutters of his windows at midnight
th,,, .4 he wants
We that light. Our own supply is bet ter
-e ope,‘ of our neighbours, wherefore, then, shout,:
I,e4t t," the ports ?If there be really a deficiency—and we re.
ev gat
of any serious - ••authentic lde,„ deficiency the public have no
tui;
store
the proper course of policy is to husband our ow.
lesol 1:
,r: es -
~ aet,
sm
ee
out —to Practice in time the virtue of economy—to take up
in order that we may not be wholly without a
elteenY.bc, ore another harvest comes. round. But there is no evi
deed
,:naxt even that precaution 16 absolutely necessary. It is, in_
ally
4_sLr.ted that the Ministers, " haviug the
sewnuf tile latien
etileie antl intelligibly described by reporte both :de and com-
c'4lvei 4114 thutulity of the !Invest distinctly character:lied,"