The Sun.
London, England, 1820-01-11 00:00:00

eiple.

Since, however, the unlearned may possess
mday blLsings whereof they are uncolitcioqs, even
le ejoying their best fruits, a ft .v pages will
t=it he misapplied, in (letailitig to the less enlight-
ened classes of the comninnity those blessings,
out of which wicked and turbulent men desire to
delude them.

Ju entering upon the primary and principal
good which man is capable of redeiving—ltaLt-
Glow, I must correct the inadequacy of my prake.
The British Constitution does more for social
happiness than mere human ordinances could ef-
fect. Christianity, with all its divine lessons, is
incorporated into our Constitution. The Law of
th►e Laud is Christianity. Christianity is the Law
of i he. Land.

NcvLl.t,zless, Deists and Infidels, while openly
stri.:ing to eradicate Christianity, pretend all pos-
sible regard for the Constitution. Still worse ;
they would make the Constitution their engine
for its eradication.

These then are the tests, and the fruits, and
the safegtiards of Sock! Happiness, They are also
the tests, and the fruits, and ►he safeguards of the

British Constitution.

Religion:

Security of Life and of Person.
The Power of acquiring Property; and of re.

taining it.

The Power of electing Representatives hi the

Legislature.
The Power of becoming a Member of the Le-

gisiature.

The Power of filling any station or office for
which the Citizen will quality himself.
And, lastly, the Equality of the Law.

In these high but just privileges, what other
Country than oua ow can chew such honour-
able eminence ?

RELIGION is the most powerful surety of Social
Life. Without its obligations, man cannot de-
pend on man ; without its instructions, man
cannot do good to man ; without its influence,
man cannot do good to himself. An implanted
conscience, a sense of duty and of subjection
unto his Maker and Judge, are his most effectual
restraints ; without which, he would he the more

dangerons in proportion to his powers, and the
more formidable in proportion to his talents.
Religion, however, has so wrestled with hie na-
ture, that every bad propensity is controlled,
and every good disposition encouraged by her in-
fluence.

Christianity is that Religion which has at once
described our duties, and enabled their fulfilment.
,Chr:,tianity is the Law of the Land : not
merely because the 1.43 W has so declared it to be;
but because the Law derives from it both Right
Ind Posver.

The first duty of the State is, that the truths
of Christianity should be taught to every inhabi-
tant who is willing to receive them.
Its Ministers are appointed in every parish
throughout the Empire, whoae duty it is to give
Christian consolation and instruction unto ail
who seek it at their hands ; to celebrate the ser-
vice of the Most High ; and to hallow the
Sabbath by confession, and prayer, and thanks-
giving. While this observance is continued,
whether the form of Worship be the purest Pro-
testantism or any other kind of Christian Faith,
so long the blessings of Christianity will be as-
sured among a people.

Therefore, Christianity has hoer) made the
Law of the Land. The Gospel enjoins, that
Kings shall be its nursing ,6ttbers, and Queens

its nursing mothers :--end as, without the obli-
g:►tion of hUnlau kw, religious duties would too
generally be neglected, the State has well pro-
vided and enjoined their observance. Neverthe-
less, our Religion rests its claim on its deriva-
tion from God's own appointment as expressed in
the Holy Scripture, the only lasting Revelation
of his %s ill to man. It claims no authoritative
power over our minds • beyond what is claimed by
the Scripture itself it conveys only the same ad-
monitions, the same warnings, the same pro-
mises, and the same denunciations. Like that, it

teaves every ma❑ t►► his own conscience, and to

his oyvn freedom ; which is but another term for
his own responsibility. Its restraints are merely
negative. It does not command any thing,
though it teaches, much. Its prohibitions are
tew : forbidding only the revilement of God's
word, and the promulgation of doctrines dan-
gerous to the public peace.

Such are the religious principles of the British
Constitution and such are its highest blessings.
The general security is provided by this grand
truth which the Law recognizes, and by which
the Law is preserved—the responsibility of 01l men
unto God. The pure Administration of Justice is
ensured by the solemn appeal of an Oath unto the
same Power. Jun'g:•s, Jurors, Prosecutors, Wit-
nesses, all, most thereby attest the purity of their
decisions and declarations. Nu question of life,
of liberty, or of }propel ty, can be determined with-
out an immediate I.of:relive to the all-knowing and
all-seeing Deity. And thus, the Law has placed
ihe strongest--eve might say indeed the only—
check upo►z man's passions, his prejudices, and
his interests.

Another most noble feature of our Law is to be
noticed. Imitating its divine example, the Admi-
nistration of Justice in mercy; and 30 likening it.
selt, as nearly as human frailty allows, to that
Tribunal before ,vhich d 1 mankind must one day
be judged, it has wisely placed the prerogative of
mercy in the Royal breast, and qualined the Royal
Person for its impartial exercise, By the maxim,
that the King can do no wrong, the Law has placed
him beyond its fl/11 reach. He is not amenable
to any earthly Tribunal ; and be carries in hint-
sdf therefore—humanly speaking--._t he Image of
Gods superiority. This pre-eminence, which
could not safely be vested in more than one per.
son, or in any other person than the King, ren-
ders him the only fit Dispeuer of the Laws.—
And, as he can have no interest in their execu-
tion except the public good, being by his personal
immunity exempted from all temptations of fear
or favour, in him their Administration properly
rests, and the mitigation of their justice by his
ruertiy.

[To be continued.]

FOR THE SUN.

INSOLVENT BILL, AND IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT'
Ma. EDlTOR—Having heretofore fAYdiscussed
these topics through the medium of your Paper,
tiny amplification at this time would be intrusive
surplusage. lint IGNOTUS having assigned to me
the apportionment of release to Debtors, subject to
the decision of a Jury instead of a Commissioner,
common courtesy requires that, in declining this
task, I should offer my reasons. IGNOTUS has
complimented me too highly by the delegation,
'and the, same reasons which would weigh with
him for referring Cases of Insolvency to. a Jury of
the Country, might have satisfied his mind that
the apportionment of release in gradation to be re-
gulated by the Jury, was not a subjtet of refer•
ence to any individual in the Community. How-
ever, as that does not seem to have occurred to
him, I must offer my humble thanks for the fa-
vourable opinion expressed, when he delegates to
me a task which, if ability was not wanting, mo-
desty would induce me to decline.
In fact, Mr. Editor, I think the introduction of
a Jury generally in cases of Insolvency, would he
introductory of contusion, expellee, and needless
contention, and fettering that discretion which is
properly vested in a Commissioner, would pro-
duce a delay nearly equal to the denial of justice.
There may be cases wherein the verdict of a Jury
' would be highly proper in furtherance of the ends
of justice, and the experience of the Insolvent
Court will, probably, at no dietaut time, suggest
the nature of such cases ; and it may be found re-
quisite to give the Court a power to direct issues
to be tried by Juries, as is done in the Court of
Chancery in Bankrupt Cases.
But Trial by Jury to regulate and decide the
gradual periods of Imprisonment, proportioned to
the amount of debts, would, in my humble judg-
went, too nearly assimilate Debt to Criminality ;
and it Insolvency is made punishable as a crime,
it will be in vain to argue that Trade, Credit, and
Comm&ce are essential for the support of the
Community.
It might be as well contended with the same
view to the principles of Release by gradation,
that Trial by Jury-is requisite generally in admi-
nistering the Bankrupt Laws, under which more
numerous cases of alleged fraud, or disputed facts
continually occur. Questions in Bankruptcy ere
already referable to Juries, but rarely and cautiously
submitted; and l cannot subscribe to the pi inciple
of establishing a Jury as a conlimond part of the
Court for Relief of liisoluent Debtors, especially as
(independent of Ole modern S;a,nles of Insol-
vency), En up pi trz ts already exist tar the Punishment
tf whaterershall come specylcally under the De-
scription of Fraud.
Temple/January moth, ISM

W. 111----N.

We received this morning the Paris Papers of
Thursday and Friday last. Those of Saturday,
were (lie this morning, have not arrived.—
The only business done in the Chambers was the
appointment by the Deputies in their Bureaux on
Thursday, of a Committee, to examine the projet
respecting the sales of national domains.--The
following are extracts
" PARIS, JAN. 7.—Yesterday his Excellency
M. de Macchi, Archbishop of Nisibe, Apostolic
Nuncio of his Holiness the Pope, was introduced
to the King by M. de Lalive, Introducer of Am-
bassadors, and addressed the King in a Speech,
after which his Excellency presented his creden-
tials ; the King replied to the Nuncio. His Ex-
cellency presented to his Majesty M. Damiani,
Canon of the Metropolitan Church of Rome, Se-
cretary of the Embassy. The Nuncio afterwards
had audiences of Monsieur, Madame, the Duke
d'Angouleme, and the Duke and Duchess de
Berry. His Excellency afterwards dined at the
Thuilleries, a dinner. of 45 covers being given
on the occasion by the Duke d'Escars, First Maitre
d'Hotel of the King, in the apartments of the
Duke d'Angouleme, at which were present, the
Spanish, Neapolitan, Portuguese, Austrian,
Russian, and Prussian Ambassadors, the Car4linal
de la Lezerne, &c. &c. &c.
" The King received yesterday the Countess
of Got bland, on the occasion of the new year.

" Commissions relative to Protestant Wor-
ship assembled on Tuesday at the Hotel of the Ali-
Lister of the Interior, under the Presidency of his
Excellency ; es did also, on Wednesday, the
Commission for the amelioration of the state of

prisons.

The Count Decazei is indisposed. M. de
Serres continues very ill.
" The old man of 117 years of age, who has
often been seen in the Marehi aux Fleurs, is se-
riously indisposed, but he is not dead, as stated
in the Moniteur.

Marshal the Duke de Valmy (Kellerman) is
dangerously ill.

FIVE PER CENTS.

Wednesday 72 f. a.
Thursday

DEFERRED STOCK.
Wednesday. Thursday.
Of the 220 l March, 1817 94 f. 40 c..... 94f. 80 c.
22d Sept. 1817 92 f. 40 c..... 92 f. 80c.
22d March,lBlB 90f. 80e.
22d Sept. 1818 88 f. 40 c..... 88 f. 80 c.
22d March, 1819 86 f. 40 86 f. 80 c.
22d Sept. 1819 84 f. 45 c..... 85 f. —e.

" VIENNA, DEC. 27.—Acenrding to the last
letters from Constantinople, serious disturbances
have broken out in several parts of Asiatic Tur-
key. Two Pachas have been obliged to retire,
and the Rebels are masters of several towns.
Persia is said to be no stranger to these
disturbances, and the Schell of Persia is suspected
of a design to obtain possession of Syria and the
adjacent Provinces.
ROME, Dec. 22.—According to the orders
which have reached Pesaro, there is little proba-
bility of the Princess of Wales soon returning.

" Sir Thomas Lawrence has set out on his re-
turn to England.
" VIENNA, Dec. 25.—Jerome Buonaparte is
now established with his family at Trieste."

There have been recently some Letters in The
Morning Chronicle, signed A German, severely ani-
madverting on the conduct of the several Govern.
ments of Germany, accusing them of despotism,

oppression, and. breach of It these Letters
ate tounded in truth, the conduct of the several
Governments in question cannot be too much ex-
posed, and held out to the contempt and in-

dignatinn of mankind. But it is to be ob-
served, that as these charges came from an
Individual, be may btive been soured by disap-
poinimew, and be actuated by te'venge. Some of
these Letters Lave been taken into The British

IMonitor, and, as the Editor of that Paper is cer-
taiuly very well acquainted with Continental
Politics, and particularly with the affairs of Ger-
many, it may be inferred that he would not
have admitted theta into his Journal, if he had
not reason to believe that they are supported
by facts. On the other hand, if these are gross
calumnies upon the Sovereigns with whom we are
in alliance, the tnleration of them in the English
Papers is likely to occasion complaints to the
British Government, and possibly to lead to
the disruption of all amicable Relations. At
all events, the insertion of the charges may
be of advantage to the People of the respec-
tive Countries where these oppressions anal
violations of solemn promises, on the part of the
several Potentates, are said*to exist, and while
those Potentates cannot but respect the freedom
of the Press in this Country, they may derive sects
lessons front the exercise of that freedom, as
may open their eyes to the danger of provoting
their subjects too far. It appears that the
charges in question are not so much directedagainst
the Sovereigns themselves as to those who pas-
setts their confidence, and to whom the administra-
tion is intrusted, but they manifest great indo-
lence and great weakness themselves in suffer-
ing their subjects to be ill-treated, and not &bid.
ing by their own sacred obligations. Prussia, in
particular, is the object of heavy censure in th•
Letters to which we allude ; and considering what
it suffered under the influence of. revolutionary
principles in France, it ought to guard against
the tendency of revolutionary principles at
borne. We conceive that it is the duty of the
Foreign Ministers in this Country, not to treat
with indifference accusations apparently founded
upon facts, but if they are not,so, to tome forward
and prove that they are direct falsehoods, or at least
gross exaggerations ; for otherwise their eilence
will be considered as negative evidence of the
ez-
istence of the alleged grievances, and must expose
the Sovereigns whom they represent to the indig-
nation of the world, and draw disKrase upon their
subjects for tamely submitting to such injustice
and oppression.

We regret to state that some indications of the
Manchester spirit have been evinced in this neigh-
bourhood, .s will appear from the following Pro-
clamation, We had not heard of the circum-
stance when our last Paper was put to press. The
soldiery are marked objects of the hatred of a cer-
tain class ; hitherto they have borne their insults
with remarkable patience and forbearance. It is.
probable that the aversion to a red coat originates
the disappointment of the expectation that the
soldiers might be seduced into the same delusioft
which has entangled so many well-tneaniug
rant people :

Whitehall, Jatt, 4, 1820.

Whereas it bath been humbly represented to his Royal
Highness the Prince Regent, that on Wednesday, the 29th
ultimo, as a soldier belonging to a detachmencof the 6th.
Regiment of Dragoon Guards, stationed at the Cavalry Bar-
racks within the Liberties of the town of Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, was coming along the foot-path between the Cow_
gate and the said Bat racks, a loaded pistol was fired at trim
by a man dressed in a fustian jacket; who was in com-
pany of two other men. His Royal Highness for the better
apprehending and bringing to justice the person concerned is
this felonious outrage, is hereby pleased, in the name and on
the behalf of his Majesty, to promise his Majesty's most
gracious pardon to any of them, except the person who ac-
tually fired the said pistol, who shall discover his accomplices
therein, so that he, she, or they may be convicted thereof.
(Signed) ' SIDMOUTH.

And, as a further encouragement, a Reward of Fifty Gui.
neas is hereby offered to any person, except as before ex-
pressed, who shall discover the said offender, so that be, she,
or they may be apprehended and convicted thereof.—(Nesa.
castle Courant.)

COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH FRANCH.,—The
Birmingham Gazette sap, " It will be satisfactory
to our readers to learn, that the acknowledgment
of the Memorial from the Chamber of Commerce
and Manufactures here, on the subject of a Corn-
tnercial Treaty with France, is accompanied with
an assurance, That the Lords of the Board of
Trade are fully sensible of the importance of the
question, and will not fail to give it their most
anxious consideration ; and that it had, indeed,
already occupied much of their attention.' We
earnestly hope, the endeavours of our Govern-
ment may be assisted by a favourable disposition
on the part of France, in obtaining so desirable
an object."

The PRINCE RBGENT is expected to go to
Brighton this (lay Or to-morrow.
His Glace the Duke of NORTHUMBERLAND.
says s Letter from Newcastle, with the cha—
racteristic iviunificence of the Noble House of
PE,RGY, has been pleased to express his bight
approbation of the formation of the NO.RTII-.
InsisertLAN!) and NEWCASTLE VOLUNTBRIt
VALRY, by transmittin, to Lieutenant-Colonet
Brandling the Sum of °Three Hondrefl Pounds,
td aid the extraordinary expences necessarily
incurred io the establishing of , this patriotic
force. The Mayor and Corporation of Newcastle
had previously voted qne Hundred Guineas for the '
same purpose.

. .
,!'he York Herald states, that the story which
has been copied from The York Gazette, into most
of the Ptipers of the Country, about a coffin having
been lett at Lord GRANTHAM'S door, is wholly a
fAhrication.

Lord MILFGED has offered to raise a third troop
of Yeomanry Cavalry, to be added to the twb
troops already under his Lordship's command.
The Earl of GLASGOW iS to be appointed Lord
Lieutenant of Ayrshire: he resigns the Office Of
Lord Lieutenant ot the county ot Renfrew in ta-
your or Lord, BLANTYRE, who is to L. nominated
his successor.