The Sun.
London, England, 1842-01-07 00:00:00

MORNING- SUN

the returns, which has occasioned the purchase ofproduce
at mach higiwr rates than woulC otherwise have been
ren. The alarm was chiefly owing to the Chinese
ving raised a strong barrier across the river a little
forte Whami)on, to render impassable the only channel
large ships to Canton ; which being considered a
liolation of the truce, induced Captain Nies, the senior
°Seery. to proceed with his squadron to disperse the
'tort
employed on it, and to destroy the deserted
'tart otWantong at the Bogue ; after which he returned
°4°Hg-liong, and, contrary to expectation, no collision
has since occurred. But such is the precarious state of
affairs that it is difficult to say whether the truce in this
Province is to be considered as still in force or not. Mean-
wziliie a very few British subjects venture up to Canton,
however, without considering it a service of
some hazard, rather from apprehensions of popular
resentment than of any danger from The authorities.
There is no appearance of molestation to British ships
rlt hampoa, and every facility of doing business is
orded them with the same promptitude as to other
uaga• But the uncertainty of this continuing induces
roost vessels recently arrived to unload outside, where
return cargoes are now procurable to a moderate extent.
ha The new con,,,,rous are beginning is arrive, and about
Tlfa dozen chops have been shipped. The prices de-
anded are higher than last year—say for fine congou
ato 35 thels, and for really curious 36 to 39. No new
mkin silk has come to market. Some parcels of old
e held at 450 dolls. to 480 dolls. per pl.
9 The market for best new Bombay cotton opened at
zI 4 tog 7,
27,r,and less for lower qualities ; and for
-„alnnivelly at 9I 3. Long cloths in no demand at
id"`'e• to 9 dol. 90c. Cotton arn, No. 24 to 40,
ol: to 32 d 1 Spanish stripes,Boc. to 1 dol.
.0 . per p..;
Bok Per yard ; long ells, 7 dol. to 74 dol.; lead, 6 dol.
dol.; iron rods, 24 dol. per pl.; bar, 3fr dol, per pl.
at 5L patsi to England from Hong-Kong and Macao are
reeen .t° Cl. From Whampoa there have been no
6/. Int gagements. The rate offered is about 61. to
eon which most ships are unwilling to accept, i.n
abosequence of those ready for sea at intervals of a panic
,t!t a Month ago having got 81. 'and 101. per ton. In
thnition to The ships mentioned as loading in our last,
Wit St' Ailing°, Greyhound, and Saghalien have sailed
al teas for England, and the Neptune is under despatch.
hate
on England, with approved local indorsements,
te advanced to 4s. 84d. to 4s. 9d., and it is probable
American credits could not be negotiated to any extent
r 43.10 d. er dollar.
nOsinmc P
PRICE CURRENT AND MERCANTILE

REGISTER, Nov. 27.

COUNTRY PRODUCE.
tutCralcontinues to be taken up on arrival for the China
d the following are the prices asked:—
roil 1, Rupees. .Rupees.
IA f", Jambooseer, and Surat 110 to 113 f per candy
b. 0 era
104 to 105 per candy
alcmaptall
100 to 101 per candy
th.ClPlum•—.A.bout 150 chests have been purchased since
" arriVal of the Mor on the 24th instant, and holders
are... more firm Fine opium is not procurable under 718
17.13ettes to 720 'rupees per chest. Chests.
.r_4 nee of former year's importation
AmPotted from the 3d to the 23d of November 330

Xxported from Oct. 27 Total 2,331
to the 16th instant

RemainingßODUCE 1,546
.
Mocha Coffee'"Allr4: to 12rs.

English ba EUROPEAN GOODS.
r iron shows no symptom of improvement,
!NI Swedish has declined to 52r5., at which sales can
her be effected. The retail price is said to be 53irs.
25 tons of Swedish steel have been sold at 14rs. 10a.
XXe an h THE MONEY MARKET.
ge on London-2s. Oad. to 2s. Old. at six
menthe si
exchange
on Calcutta-98i rupees at 30 days.
'4,xcliange on Madras—Par.
FREIGHTS.
reight to London-3/. 10s. per ton.
Freight to Liverpool-31. 15s. per ton.
Preight to China-16 rupees to 18 per candy for cot-
ton Macao.
Opium, 4 to 5 dollars per chest.

in garrison under the command of a Chinese
General. In entering into the haven, you double
a cape, or rock, and this divides itself in two, al-
most as the mingaut does in the port of Brest;
the rock is visible, and rises several feet above
water. Three leagues thence stands a little island,
having a hole through which you. see from one
side to the other, and on this account called the
bored island. Between this port and the isle of
FormoSa, the islands of Pong-hou form a small
archipelago, which are occupied by a Chinese
garrison, and the Mandarin who resides there
has a constant eye upon vessels that trade from
China to Formosa, and from Formosa to China ;
and their continually passing and repassing,
yield a considerable revenue to the State."
Another traveller speaks of it also in the fol-
lowing words :—" The coast of Amoy is washed
by the Chinese sea, which forms tself into a
channel, making the passage of Amoy. This
channel is at all times practicable, though at
those periods when the monsoons have their
changes, this, like all other parts of the China
shores, is unsafe. Amoy is perhaps one of the
best natural harbours to be found hlong the
coast, and was the first station for the Europeans
trading to China. - It is ample, costly, and made
safe its depth of water renders it capable of re-
ceiving vessels of great burden, and the island
of Formosa lies, like a great breakwater, as a
defence for the coast."

IDENTITY OF THE TEN HOURS'
DEPUTATION, WITH THE CHARTISTS OF
THE NORTHERN STAR.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sin,—lt may be something to know, that the
plan proposed to Sir James Graham by the cele-
brated Ten Hours' Deputation, is intrinsically
the same with that which has been so vigorously
paraded by the section known by the name of the
Northern Star Chartists, in opposition to the re-
moval of the Corn-laws.
Here follows, first, the proposal of the Chart-
ists as taken from pages 21 and 22 of the
pamphlet entitled "The Land; how to get it,
and how to use it," sold by J. Cleave, Shoe-lane,
and by all booksellers, price twopence. And
afterwards, the proposal of Messrs. Fleming,
Hobson, Leech, Crabtree, and Brooke, as ex-
tracted from the Times of Jan. 4. 1842.
'—iny Lords and Gentlemen, —I am nothing daunted; and
shall, therefore,—proceed at once to my purpose, which
is to apply detail's to your principle of reclaiming waste
land. Of that land you have in Great Britain and Ire-
land snore than fifteen -millions of acres capable of re-
clamation. It at all events can scarcely be called your
own, and is therefore out of the Newcastle principle of
doing what you please with it. By its proper appropria-
tion you not only do not suffer damage, but on the con-
trary, I propose to do for you what you cannot do for
yourselves: to make it valuable. I estimate that land
at a rent of one shilling and fourpence per acre. I cal-
culate that each acre in the out-set, taking the tenant's
house and stock and means of subsistence till the land
is brought to bear into account, would require
somewhere about seven pounds per acre, or a capital of
about one hundred pounds for every fifteen acres. The
fifteen million acres allotted in farms of fifteen acres to
one million heads of families, would thus require a
capital of one hundred millions of pounds sterling to aid
the working communities in their work of reclamation.
The value of those fifteen millions of acres, at twenty
years' purchase, at a rent of one shilling and fourpence
per acre, would cost government 20,000,0001.
Now what I propose is, that government shall
purchase the lands from you, say at that rate, and
then, under proper official management, at the head of
which should be a Cabinet Minister to be called the
Minister of Agriculture, lease those lands at one shilling
and fourpence per acre, in lots of fifteen acres, with
capital of one hundred pounds advanced to each tenant,
subjecting the tenant to a rent of. five pounds per an-
num for the land, and the interest of one hundred pounds
at four per cent, that is! one pound for land and four
pounds for interest.
This sum of 120,000,0001. I propose to consolidate into
one national fund, which shall stand as a mortgage upon
the fifteen millions of acres, and over which the Parlia-
ment alone shall have control ; and that it shall not be a
transferable stock, or a stock allowed to be made the
medium of exchange, barter, or traffic in the Jews' tem-
ple ; but that the government shall merely be agent for
the fund-holder and fund• payer—receiving from the one
and paying to the other.
I propose that after the first eleven years the tenant
shall yearly pay ten pounds in liquidation of his debt,
'thereby liquidating the whole amount at the end of the
-next ten years, or with the twenty-firstyear of his tenancy;
at the close of which period—twenty-one years—l propose
that the tenant shall pay no more than the original
chief-rent, of one shilling and fourpence per' acre, and
all local taxes; or a pound per annum for his holding for
ever and ever, and Amen—until some future generation,
in its wisdom, shall see the State necessity of making
the then occupiers —(themselves being parties)—pay
something more as their quota of any national require-'
ment.'--The Land, 6,c. By Feargus O'Connor, Esq.
Here follows the Deputation's version; which,
after the Roman general's simile, -is the same
pork, with a little difference in the dressing.—
' Sir J. Graham.—What would you-recommend ?
The Deputation.—The adoption of a comprehensive
and efficient plan of home colonization ; for -which pur-
pose we would advise the passing, at the expense of the
nation, of a general waste-land inclosure Lill, which
should make provision for reasonable compensa-
tion to all those interested in these lands. We
should then have a Parliamentary grant raised by
loan, or by Exchequer-bills, to be applied under a
board of control to the settling down upon these un-
cultivated but improvable wastes our now unemployed
population ; and if the waste lands were insufficient we
would recommend that the Government should have re-
course to the Crown lands for the same purpose and in
the same way. This would increase real wealth at home,
direct the energies of the people in the first place to
provide food and shelter for themselves; and the surplus
of their labour would form a fund for defraying the
necessary expenses, and ultimately repaying the prin-
cipal advanced.'
It is impossible to let the Deputation go, with-
out a point-blank denial of some of the principal
positions, which they seem to think- their own
declaration sufficient to impress on the undis-
puted belief of all human beings.
-.‘ The Deputation proceeded to say, that according to
the arguments presented in favour of the policy of
causing the operatives to be dependent on a foreign mar-
ket for employment, it was admitted that our ascendancy
in those foreign markets could only be kept up by a con-
tinuous cheapening of the cost of production. How
was that to be effected ? It could not be done by
reducing much lower the wages of the adult ope-
ratives. That class of labourers were as near the
bare " subsistence level," when in full employ, as it was
possible to place them. The only way, therefore, to do
it was by still further displacing these adult and com-
paratively high-priced labourers by self-acting machi-
nery, or machinery so contrived that what little attend-
ance it might require would be that of women and chil-
dren, and as little even of that as possible ; and thus we
shall come to the same result. The great bulk of the
labouring classes would be thrown idle, whether we ex-
tended or restricted our foreign trade under the present
direction of machinery.'
It is not admitted, but on the contrary stre-
nuously denied, that " our ascendancy in foreign
markets can only be kept up by a continuous
cheapening of the cost of production." We want
to have, as our fathers had, the power of enjoy-
ing-those branches of trade arid manufactures
for which the country has natural advantages,
without being checked by legislative restric-
tions. It is not admitted, but strenuously
denied, that the only way to preserve our
markets is by the substitution of women and
children for other labourers. We want to
have those markets front which we are
hindered by the tax on food, and nothing else.
It is not admitted that the bulk of the labouring
classes will be thrown idle under the present
direction of machinery whether we extend our
foreign trade or restrict it for it is contended
on the contrary, that the superior power of in-
venting and working machinery, is what God
has given us as the means of holding our ground
in the honourable competition of nations.
When the landowner finds his efforts bounded,
he does not bethink himself of contenting him-
self without them, nor of going to Prime Mini-
sters to represent that there would be no use in
making him further openings because steam-
ploughs would swallow up the difference. But
he goes straight to the pockets of his neighbonrs,
and takes out of them what shall make both
ends meet. And this it is, whether they know it
or not, that the Deputation are working to con-
ceal.

011181ERCE AND ADVANTAGES
OF AMOY.
.
.
Amoy forms the grand key to the wh.olhe pit?-,
"vince of Fokien, and the advantages whoincinieth
commerce
large tract- of territory holds Out to c
cannot be too highly estimated. On an esti4
nutted surface of abolut. 57,000 square - miles duff,
Province' has apopuhation of about 14,000,000. ,1,
is much diversified hills and. valleys, and the,
scenery is exceedinglyy beautiful, the temperatm4'
warm, and the air healthy. It forrns the especial,
though not the exclusive tea-district, which is
cultivated on both
th the northern.and the southern
I slopes of the The mineral productions are
'son, copper, tin, mercury,
_and various descrip-
tions of valuable stones. There are also mines
of gold and silver, but, according to the general
Policy of the Chinese, these are not allowed to be
Worked. Black teas are grown in abundance.
Ogilvie says that it abounds in " brave forts
a towns for trade,"- and recites at least twenty
.
and The toll-book, or resister of the people,
estimates the number of fighting-men at 182,677.
Its revenues consist of 1,883,115 sacks of salt,
1,, Pounds of fine linen, and 600 rolls of wrought
Z,"K• But its chief reveeue arises from the Amoy
vessels, which pay according to their burthen so
—'ll a ton,he
.
on L fOlowing history of the various attempts
enttnue.Part of the British, from early times, to
exhibits mutual- commerce with the people,
an, lults in a peculiar light the obstinate resist
most
of the local authorities to allow even the
people distant commercial relations between the
a of the town and foreigners.
_ s4t early
Company had
in fluted '
as' 1670 the English
a Very
a time r fair trade at Amoy, which for
sonic P oved tolerably successful, but through
Proved so " gradually declined, and at length
Compan'v° I,l,,nProfitable and vexatious that the
there- -4' 1681, ordered their establishments
as also at Formosa to be withdrawn, and
a trad
stead e; Cantonh I)nssible
tpaikeehnaapOssessionand to be established in their
Fokchow. Amoy was then
of by the Tartars. These peo-
frneagtnhetrade, and
forei have alwaYs shovvn a great disinclination to
ienqgu epnl
acne t was,
e d from' that
sinrte, the °f t
their consequence
d in these.
in e egllsh have been exclude
gP° and Am 7 b • traded at this last
Place 1 O3, having
the Man Y while it remained independent of
tars by
hows, when they supplanted the Tar-
rest ef '' c°ll(P'esr, and also some time after the
~
_China had submitted to them.
flinig#Bs, the ship the
Delight was sent out by
tr g ish to attempt the re-establishment of the
ade at Amoy, and, about the same time, active
exertions were made by the Company towards
securing a regular commerce at Canton. This
trial, and others which succeeded, were attended.
tWith various success, for the high duties and ex-
ortions which the rapacious Mandarins at this
port endeavoured to put upon - the English,
Of the
drove them away in disgust. " The ignorance
Amoy merchants," complain the English
traders at this period (1734), " and the little en.
ejcoragement they gave us, makes us almost
uespair of doing any business at that place."
Another instance of the obstinacy of the Amoy
Mandarins to trade with the British occurred in
1744, when the Hardwicke proceeded into the
Inner harbour. The merchants.. then showed no
„,disposition to trade, while, in fact, there seemed
Jew to trade with ; and accordingly, l after fifteen
days of ineffectual trial, the Hardwicke ft
Proceeded to India during the monsoon, without
a
a single article of cargo.
En the attempts made in 1832 by the Lord
Amherst, a small country ship, sent in charge
1,
of one of the Company's servants, accompanied
. by Mr. Gutzlaff, to establish, if possible, a sur.
'reptitious trade in opium at the prohibited ports,
d ice or
~;.Arno was tried. On this occasion no ev , -3i
bgeouity, or enterprise, • was spared to dispose of
32,1he.goods on board, and to establish a traffic
'6 with
i!, the natives. These showed a very hospit-
t able disposition towards strangers, but all com-
A
. Inerce was effectually prevented by the Manda-
i ?ins, except in one or two instances. Vigilance
Was everywhere exercised to prevent trade.
The people of Amoy, and those along the
coast, retain an hereditary aptitude for the sea,
and chiefly supply the Emperor's war-junks
.with
sailors and commanders. Two circumstances
z Probably tend to maintain the maritime propen-
sities of the inhabitants. First, the province in
,T 1,,
~ch .
1, In it is situated is so far removed from the
..: l'alld canal as to afford fewer inducements to
Na
of time
navigation ; secondly, the proximity
c opposite coast of Formosa keeps up a
.msta.nt intercourse by sea. The language or
dialect of Amoy also, in common with that of the
ter of Fokien, is so peculiar as to be hardly in-
te ligible elsewhere ; ch is always pronounced
teaand hence the difference between cha and
1,, for the great staple production of China; the
gust. name for tea being adopted by the Portu-
-147 from Macao, and the second by the Eng-
of the to. Amby, when this port was first the seat
English _
buil trade.
relied always
alde, whose authority may be
vear •
ab'
()n) visited Amoy himself, and gives a fa-
a. c
.i. e account of it.. He pronounces it to
be
best ,lanlous sea-port," and forming one of the
ride arbours in the world as a place for ships to
Rt
Rtehor. "It is hemmed in," he says,
O
tllen 0
toile side by the island, and on the other by
lams ntinent, and by abundance of 'other is-
wind' Filich are high, and shelter it from every
enotain.it is also so spacious withal, that it can
there is !batty thousands of vessels, and the sea
by elose-° deep, that the largest ships may come
safety. .1° the shore, and ride there in perfect
tiines. a Oil see there," he continues, "at all
are 0' great number o Chinese barques which
.. ti their v
"Pon Chic • oyage to the countries bordering
•
Enight noa, arid about t you
went ears ago .
ip. see there many els but
"W the , European vess ,
trade .3' come . hither but seldom, and all the
‘-= is
keeps rernovetl-_ to Canton... The Emperor
• -- six or 6,.
vVell thousand men there

Yours, very sincerely,
T. PERRONET THOMPSON.
Blackheath, Jan. 6, 1842.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SIIIIj.

Sin—l shall be glad if some of your clerical
readers can tell us how Bishop Monk can be
allowed to hold the following :
Bishopric of Gloucester and Bristol, 3,700/.
per annum ;
A Canonry in Westminster Abbey, 1,0001. per
annum, and a house ;
Peakirk Rectory, Diocese of Peterborough,
500/. per annum clear.
Was it through the interest of the Bishop of
London, that great reducer of clerical incomes—
except where he or his friends were concerned?
All the Bishops, except those of Canterbury,
London, Winchester, and Ely, are obliged to
hire houses in town at a great expense : the
favoured Monk has one rent free.

It is a shame that Bishop Monk should retain
Peakirk, which he presented himself to as Dean
of Peterborough ; he ought to have been made
to resign this when he got Bristol to hold with
Gloucester also. The Stall at Westminster may
be worth more than I have put it at.—Yours,
Jan. 5. A RATIONAL REFORMER.

The last of the royal mail steamers, the Teviot,
proceeds steadily in her equipment, and will complete
the six furnished by the Clyde builders furtilat splendid
undertaking,

FRANCE.
(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

this port this afternoon, the Tay • having 60 sacks of
letters and 30 of newspapers ; and the Tlames, whiel
it appears now will be the first to come homi;Jialpro•
portionate increase for Demerara, Mexico, &c.

PARIS, JAN. 4.—The Parliamentary campaign appears
to be opening favourably for Ministers, more on account
of the want of union and ordinary tactics on the part of
their opponents, than from any innate strength of their
own. Thus Lamartine was decidedly a more popular
candidate for the Presidency of the Chamber of De;
puties than Sauzet ; and . yet, by the different frac-
tions of the Opposition agreeing to vote each for their
own special candidate in the first instance, instead
of combining all their strength in favour of Lamar-
tine at once, the Ministerial candidate obtained
an absolute majority, and was elected. In the same
way the Ministers have just carried all the elections in
the Bureaux on the Address, and there is no doubt, from
the Deputies appointed to draw up that document being
all Ministerialists, that it. will be just what that Cabinet
wishes. Debates on it will of course take place, but it is
not expected that the Opposition will carry any essential
amendments. The plain fact is, that neither the ultra
Conservatives, Count
.Mole and his party, nor the war
party, Thiers and Co., are either of them strong enough
to attack the holders of the power and the purse-strings
of the State with success ; and they are so far from com-
bining that no immediate danger is apprehended by the
Cabinet. It is impossible as yet to foresee on what
points the debate on the address will mainly turn, but
the reduction of the army, the expense of the occupa-
tion of Algiers, and the late proceedings before the Court
of Peers, will afford ample topics to hang a discussion upon.
It is stated that the reduction of the army has ac-
tually been carried into execution ; that is to say, that a
company in each battalion has been broken up, and its
offie.ers and men drafted into the other companies, so as
to complete their effective force; but no official announce-
ment of this circumstance has yet been made public.,
The attention of Great Britain ought to be turned
to the fact, that two French corvettes, with a
large detachment of marine infantry on board, and consi-
derable quantities of warlike stores have actually sailed
from Toulon for New Zealand with the intention of aid-
ing the French settlers there in making good their
footing. These settlers arc at present located on British
ground, and it is to the interest of Great Britain that
her rights and privileges should not be attacked with
impunity even in that remote quarter of the globe.
It has been stated by several of the Paris papers, that
the four sail of the line ordered for sea, at Toulon, have
sailed for the Levant; but according to the last accounts
from that port, this is incorrect. They are stilt there
ready for sea at a moment's notice, and it is now evident
from the King's speech' on the opening of the Chambers,
that their destination is Tunis, in case of a Turkish ex-
pedition being sent to bring the Bey to order. The
King declared his intention of hindering any foreign
power from interfering with the French settlements in
Africa. This is well known in the political circles of
Paris to mean, that he will not allow the Porte to remove
the Bey of Tunis, who is favourable to France, from his
Beylick. The right of France to interfere in the quarrel,
if there be a quarrel, between the Porte and the Bey is
not very evident ; and as the Four Great Powers of
Europe are bound by treaty to maintain the " integrality"
of the Ottoman empire, this empty boast of Louis
Philippe means that he would oppose any allied squa-
dron in an hostile demonstration against Tunis. We
are not advocates for needless war, but if it should be
judged fit to support the Sultan in maintaining his
'authority at Tunis, and if a French squadron should
attempt to defend the entrance of the Goletta, we should
like to see every ship of it sunk. Between the words,
however, of Louis Philippe and his actions there is, as
every body knows, an immense difference.
Nothing is known for positive as to whether M. de
Salvand'y, the French Ambassador to Madrid, is recalled
or not ; but we should not be surprised if he has been
ordered home. Espartero we believe to be perfectly
in the right, on account of the etiquette observed by France
since the death of Ferdinand VII. If the preceding
diplomatic agents of France had not been accredited to
the Regent for the time being, but to the young Queen
herself, there would be just cause for complaint at Espar-
tero's refusal. But because he now wishes to deal ac-
cording to the same measures and.. standard as were
adopted with regard to his predecessors, the French Go-
vernment pretends to take offence, and to talk big.
There is_no danger, however, of any hostilities resulting
from a breach with Spain. Louis Philippe dares not go
to war, and this every body knows ; hence Espartero,'
who has a better title to his Regency than Louis Philippe
has to his crown, can afford to beard the wily old despot
with impunity. Not that the Spaniards would fight
any more than the French ; the Don of the present day
has a most tender respect for the safety of his own per-
son. The most serious affront that has been offered to
the Court of the Tuileries is certainly the studied ab-
sence of the Russian Charge d'Affaires and all the
Russians, from the official receptions on New Year's-
day. Whether the Emperor Nicholas means it as a joke,
or as a serious affront, it is impossible to tell ; but the
mot d'ordre came from St. Petersburg, and it has pricked
the Citizen's gentility of the Tuileries to the quick.
Paris is more than dull this winter ; it is well nigh
dead, as far as business or pleasure are concerned.
There is little or no business in the retail line now
doing, and in foreign commerce, the Americans, who
are the principal customers, are unsually shy in their
orders. All the fashionables are either in London or
Rome, or Germany (Vienna, Berlin, Dresden, &c.)
Nobody now thinks it worth while to come to Paris,
when better entertainment, better company, and more
real enjoyments are to be obtained elsewhere. The dif-

ANTI-CORN-LAW CONFERENCE.
THE MEMBERS OF THE WORKING MEN'S ANTI-CORN-
LAW CONFERENCE. TO THE RADICAL REFORMERS OF
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, ADOPTED Al' MAN-
CHESTER ON THE IST INST.

" Fellow-countrymen—The appalling distress under
which hundreds of thousands of our countryman are at
present suffering, the alarming fact that that distress is
daily increasing both in extent and severity, and the :de-
lancholy prospect that we, with millions more, shall ere
long have to be numbered among the sufferers, if some
means be not adopted to stay the progress of the evil, and
relieve those at present suffering from its influence, call
loudly and imperatively on every one who wishes well to
his country_ to endeavour to apply a remedy. Guided in
our deliberations by the evidence which was laid before
us, and the state of public opinion, 'we have come to-the
determination to support, and to endeavour to procure,
the repeal of the Corn and Provision-laws ; because we
are convinced, that the remedy sought wil more easily
and speedily be obtained by such conduct, than by any
other course of proceedings which, under present cir-
cumstances, we could adopt ; and our purpose in in-
truding upon your • notice: is to state to you the reasons
which have induced us to come to this determination, and
to endeavour to convince you of the propriety and the ne-
cessity of pursuing a similar course of conduct.
" Deeply impressed with a sense of the iniquity of all
prohibitory duties on the necessaries of life—fully aware
of the unjust and partial principle upon which the pre-
sent Corn-laws arc founded—and sensibly feeling, in the
high price of food, the effects of their opprksive ope-
ration—we have often expressed our abhorrence of the
principle, our dissatisfaction with their operation, and
our convictions that they ought to be repealed. We,
therefore, make no sacrifice of principle in endeavouring
to obtain their abrogation.
" We do not pretend to assert that the corn monopoly
is the greatest ; but it is one which is so glaringly un-
just., that almost every person who has the slightest per-
ception of right and wrong, except those who are bene-
fited by its existence, can see and must admit, the op-
pressive and selfish nature of its establishment. It was
not designed and enacted for the purpose of increasing
the national revenue, but for individual aggrandizement.
for the protection of a nation, but of a clai*.s--not
for the benefit of the people, bet for the aristocracy ;
and' from the injustice of its provisions being more
directly, prominently, and frequently presented to the
perceptions of the people, the natural consequence mays,
easily be inferred—that a very great portion of them,
who have studied but little the principles of general poli-
tics, will seek to obtain the destruction of a monopoly,
the influences of which are so obviously injurious, before
they will attack any other.
" Consistency of principle dictates that those who
condemn an abuse should assist in, removing it ; and
sound policy will point out the propriety of attacking
that abuse against which the greatest numbers can .be
arrayed. Convinced by our own observations, and the
information of others, that, if all who condemn the pre-
sent Corn-laws would assist in destroying them, there
would be found a greater number of opponents to their
existence than could possibly be at present obtained
against any other abuse, either in the Constittition or
laws of the country: we, therefore, feel constrained to
use our best exertions to obtain their repeal.
" But let it not be imagined that we compromise, or
wish you to compromise, the great and righteous prin-
ciple of equality of political rights, for which we
have so long contended ; and without which we ven-
ture to assert, no permanent good can be effected
for the people of this country. On the contrary, we
believe we are doing more to further the success of
that principle, by joining in the present agitation
against the Corn-laws, than we could do either by
opposing or standing aloof from it. For surely, by
" seekine• to stifle the expression of other people's opinions
when they do not exactly coincide with our own,
we should only show our intolerance and bigotry, by en-
deavouring to deprive others of their liberty; we should
only prove Our unfitness to be entrusted with our own, by
standing aloof troll), or by endeavouring to thwart any
agitation haying for its object the good of our country,
because it may not be for objects which we think are of the
greatest importance; we should only make known that
we were the slaves of ambition and faction; whilst, by al-
lowing to others the same freedom of expressing their opi-
nions which we claim for ourselves—by being as careful
of trenching on other people's liberty; us we should be firm
in resisting their invasion of ours,--and by assisting in
abrogating every abuse in the institutions of our coun-
try, whether those abuses be attacked singly or collec-
tively, we shall prove to all intelligent and candid men,
that we are honest and consistent advocates of the great
principles of commercial, religious, and political equality.
The latter course of conduct will ensure the respect and
co-operation of all liberal-minded and intelligent men in
obtaining our rights ; while the former would only con-
vince them that there would be danger in .admitting us to
any share of political power.
" But, independently of principle* of consistency and
duty, principles of policy would compel us to join the pre-
sent agitation. Every reflecting mind must be sensible
that, as the number and extent of monopolies can be dimi-
nished, the number of those interested -in their existence
will diminish in proportion; and those whp had an interest
in their continuance, on finding that there is no hope of a
renewal of those by which they benefited, will be amongst
the most strenuous opponents.of those which maysremain,
because they will have the best knowledge of their ope-
rations ; those who are seeking to destroy monopolies
will increase in intelligence, in confidence, in .number,
and strength; and those who are striving to uphold them
will be diminishad in -numbers, dismayed in spirit, and
weak in action, till at last every monopoly, save that
of legislation, will be destroyed; and the people at large,
on finding that they are not benefited so long as thistis
suffered to remain, will attack it with an union, an
energy, an intelligence, and a determination, which will
be resistless. I3sit should the utmost efforts of the advocates
ofcommercial freedom be of no avail in inducing the Legis-
lature to comply with their w isbes, then we shall have
gained a host of allies in attacking and endeavouring to
destroy the monster monopoly—the Monopoly of political
power, which is the fruitful source from which all others
spring. The Corn-law repealer will attack it as a means
of removini, those laws which he believes are so inju-
rious to the commerce and prosperity
.of the nation ;
those who are desirous of removing religious distinctions
in the State, and are striving to abolish compulsory pay-
ments for, religious purposes, will attack it as a means of
enforcing their principles and redressing their grievances;
whilst 'the- friends of-freedom in commerce; in religion,
and politics, will seek its destruction as a means of cor-
recting every abuse, and removing
every impediment
which prevents the full development of the faculties .of
man and the attainment of the greatest degree of happi-
nessat which ho can possibly arrive. •
"Hoping that the reasons which we have adduced will
be sufficient to .persuade you to imitate our conduct, is
the fervent wish of the undersigned members of the
Working Men's Anti-Corn law. Conference."

ference between Paris of 1842, and ,Paris of 1838, is
astonishing ; as great, indeed, as that between- the capi-
tal in the latter year and in 1830. The carnival enter-
tainments of masked balls have begun ; but these affect
only the riff-rail's and demireps of the metropolis ; even
these are unusually dull. 'the King is said to be much
cast down in spirits, and to be breaking rapidly. lie
complains much of his own personal anxiety, and is more
taciturn than usual. Every thing and every body in fact,
are suffering from the results of what the French term
" une fausse position."

THE SUN. LONDON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 7, 1842.

LITERATURE.

BLACKWOOD'S LADLES' MAGAZINE.

A periodical well adapted to the tastes of fe-
male readers, and containing, inter alia, one or
two agreeable prose tales.

CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECTS
. JOURNAL,

The superiority of the new American pile-
driving engine over our machines in ordinary
use, is proposed in a forthcoming Number to be
scientifically inquired into; meanwhile diagrams
elucidate its make and action. The constant use
of gold-frames round pictures is shown fre-
quently to be hostile to the harmonies of colour-
ing, and vari-coloured frames suggested. " Has
Atlantic Steam Navigation been successful ?'' is
a question proposed, but, after some pages' dis-
s'ertation, leaves the reader, from the copious
facts adduced, to draw his own inference.