The Sun.
London, England, 1845-02-17 00:00:00

No. 16,882. LONDON, MONDAY '7: 's NING srue:-,,, 9 FEBRUARY 17, 1845.

PKICZ sd,

THE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time 'or the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time for the AFTERNOON TRAmq
and a THIRD EDITION at SEVEN O'CLOCK, for POST, containingning PARLIAMENTARY and all other NEWS in LONDON tip to that flour.

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, -3101'462g Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHAPCIE.

BATTLE OF WATERLOO•
New Model, upon a large Seale, representing the Splendid
Charge in the earlier part of the Battle by the British heavy Cavalry
under• the Marquis of Anglesea, and by the British Infantry under Sir
Thomas Pieton.

EGYPTIAN HALL, PICCADILLY.
Open from Eleven -Horning to Nine Evening.
Admission—One Shilling.
"One may read bulletins, and dispatches, and histories fora month
without obtaining the clear idea of these movements which a glance
at the Model will convey."—Beills Weekly Messengm

ANDLE NOTOItIE FY.-W. S. lIALE'S
1.. J Superb COMPOSITE, 10d. per lb., requiring no snuffing,
on comparison and trial are allowed to surpass all others of the
present day for beauty and brilliancy of light. There is no patent
for Composite Candles, neither will those called Patent Candles burn
so long a time by hours as the fine waxed-wick tallow moulds, er is
the light equal.
Sold for cash, at DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St.
Martin's-lane, opposite New Slaughter's Coffee-house.

TEA. -WHOLESALE PRICES. - CASH.-
s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. s. (1. s, d.
81ack.... 2 8 .. 3 0 .. 3 4 3 8 .. 4 0 •. 4 4 and 5 0
Green.. •. 3 4 .. 3 .. 4 0 .. 5 0 .• 6 0 .. 7 0
Coffee.— 0 9 010 1 0 • • 1 2 .• 1 4 .. 1 6 and 1 8

One pound free to any part of town ; six pounds and upwards free
to any part of England.
MANSELL and Co., 2, Bneklersbury, Cheapside.

CAUTION TO CONSUMERS:=DItY GAS METERS.

DEFRIES'S DRY METERS have successfully
stood the test of six years' trial. Among the 10,000 in use,
they have been adopted by the offizial authorities of the Houses of
Parliament, Woolwich Dock-yard, Somerset-house, Foreign-office,
Thames Tunnel, United Service, Reform, Conservative, and other
Club-houses, the Queen's Theatre, Chinese Exhibition, and many
other large establishments. Upwards of 20,000,000 cubic feet of
gas have passed through some of these meters without regula-
tion or repair, and which are still working to the entire satisfaction
of the gas company and consumers.
All gas consumers who study economy and a good light are invited
to avail themselves of the advantages and comfort to be derived from
the use of Defries's Dry Meter, but, to prevent the substitution of im-
perfect imitations, it is necessary at all times to order Defries's Dry
Meter, and to observe his name on the brass badge in front of all his
meters.

Testimonials from the most eminent and scientific men and large
consumers can be had on application (or will he forwarded by post),
free of expense, at the Manufactory, 67, St. Martin's-lane, London.

PUBLICATIONS.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUE,-
ACE SOCIETY,
26, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The steady success and increasing prosperity of the Society has
enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation to declare a
second Bonus, averaging 60 per cant. on the amounts invested on each
Policy effected on the Profit scale.
EXAMPLES.

" ALL MEN ARE BRETHREN."
Just published, price One Penny,
AN ADDRESS to the FRIENDS of HU-
MANITY and JUSTICE among all NATIONS.
By " The DEMOCRATIC FRIENDS of ALL NATIONS."
Published by J. Cleave, 1, Shoe-lane ; sold by H. Hetherington, 40,
Holywell-street ; J. Watson. 5, Paul's-alley; and C. H. Elt, 18, High-
street, Islington.

El 5
ti '
t 742 rromium Bonus Bonus in g 5 d 745
4 added. Cash. ES F_.-• 0 r.s
• •
£ s. d. !.£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. s. ds
'1837 170 9 3 77 5 1 12 3 9 346 2 3
;0,1000 74 3 4 1838 144 2 2 64 5 6 916 4 296 13 4
1 1839 116 16 0 51 5 n 711 91 247 4 5

The division of profit is annual, and the next will be made in De-
cember of 'he pre9ent year.

This institution offers many important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borr)w, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other couvenisnces er necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.

F. FERGUSON CAMROITX, See.

PRESERVER FIRE, LIFE, AND FAMILY
ENDOWMENT OFFICE,

BOND-COURT HOUSE, WALBROOK,

As an Indemnity to the Assured, a Deed of Settlement has been
executed, whereby Property, producing upwards of Five Thou-
solid Pounds per Annum has been secured to Trustees for the
fulfilment of all engagements entered into at this Office.

The iteculiar advantages offered over those of similar Institutions
are, amongst others—
TO ASSURE FROM LOSS BY FIRE EVERY DESCRIPTION
OF HOUSE, CHARITABLE, and CHURCH PROPERTY, Farm-
ing Stock, Goods, &c., at a considerable reduction from the charges
usually made.

TO ASSURE THE LIVES OF INDIVIDUALS OF ALL AGES
the payment of the principal sum to be made EITHER ON THE
DEATH OF THE ASSURED, OR ON A FIXED DAY, IF HE
BE THEN LIVING.

ADVANCES OF MONEY FOR LIMITED PERIODS on the
deposit of Title Deeds, without the expense of Mortgage Securities.
LOANS TO NOBLEMEN AND GENTLEMEN of established
position, in conjunction with Life Assurances, upon their personal
responsibility, alone.

The ASSURED MAY PASS FROM ONE COUNTRY TO AN-
OTHER without forfeiting* their Policies, and MEDICAL EXAMI-
NATIONS are dispensed with.

*** Prospectuses and Tal,les, calculated with the greatest pre-
cision, may be had at the Oftlce.

JOHN WIDOWSON, Secretary.

Just published, in Bvo, price H. 10s., an entirely New Edition of
DEBRETT'S GENEALOGICAL PEERAGE
OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND; Corrected to
Feb. 1, 1845. By HENRY COLLEN, Esq.
William Pickering, Piccadilly ; and other Proprietors.

MRS. MARCET'S NEW SPELLING ROOK.
Just published, 12m0., with Woodcuts, Is. Gd.,
THE MOTHER'S FIRST BOOK;
containing Reacting made Easy ; and the Spelling Book, in
Two Parts.
By MN. MARCET, Author of " Mary's Grammar," &c. &c.
Also, just ready, by the same Author, 18mo., 2s. Gd.,
WILLY'S GRAMMAR, for Young Boys.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Just published, Mvo., with nearly 1,000 Woodcuts, 50s. cloth,
AN ENCYCLOP}EDIA of DOMESTIC
ECONOMY. By THOMAS WEBSTER, F.G.S., &c. ; as-
sisted by the late Mrs. PARKES. Uniform with Messrs. Longman
and Co.'s Series of " One-volume Encyclopaedias and Dictionaries."
" This work contains much useful and valuable information on an
infinity of subjects connected with domestic economy."—From Miss
..keton's " Modern Cookery" (just published).
London : Longman, Brown, green, and Longmans.

ONLY COMPLETE BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY.
'itblished this day, New Edition, fell. Bvo. 10s. cloth, or 12s. bound

in roan, with gilt edges,
MAUNDERS BIOGRAPHICAL TREA-
SURY, Filth Edition, revised throughout, and containing a
copious Supplement from the accession of Queen Victoria to the end
of December, 1814.

By the same Author, New Editions of
The TREASURY of HISTORY. 10s. cloth ; 12s. bound.
The TREASURY of KNOWLEDGE. Bs. Gd. cloth ; 10. Gd. bound.
The SCIENTIFIC and LITERARY TREASURY. 108. ;
Its. bound.
" These works are indeed locomotives on the railroad of the mind,
to bring with speed and profit the eager traveller to the terminus he
must long seek in vain by any other course."—Atlas.
Also, by Mr. Maunder, just published, Second Edition,
The UNIVERSAL CLASS-BOOK. 12mo. ss. hound.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

OWLAND'S MACASSAR OIL.
Patronised by her Majesty *4 THE QUEEN," H. R. H.
PRINCE ALBERT, the Royal Family, and the set etal Sovereigns
nd Courts of Europe.
This Elegan', Fragrant, awl Transparent Oil, in its preser.,ative,
ti storati,, and bei.utifyin2 qua'ities, is unequalled over the whole
world. It preserves and reproduces the hair, even at a late period of
life ' • prevents it from falling off or turning grey ; restores grey hair
to its original col -ur ; firers it from scurf and dandrifF, and renders
it soft, silky, curly, and glossy. Facts abundantly proved by innu-
mez able testimonials, which ar open for inspection at the Pro.
prieurs. It preserves its virtues unimpaired by the change of cli-
mat,, and is aike in use !rom th,, frigid to the trrrii zone—from
the assemblies of St. Petersburgh to those of Calcutta and the
remote East.

To Ch idren, it is espPcially recommended as forrEcng the basis of
a Beau iful Head of Hair ! I I

Price 28.6 d , 75., Family Bottles (cqull to four small 10s. 6d,, and
double that size 21s.

CAUTION.—Each genuine bottle has the ROWLAND'S
MACASSAR OIL engraved in two lines on th antler ; and on
the back of the `Nraoper nearly 1,50 times, containing 29,048 letters.
Sold by the Proprietors. A. ROWLAND and SON, 20, Hatton-
garden, London, and by Chemists and Pet fumers.
All others arc FraUdu'ent Counterfeits! !

RELIEF FOR INFANTS IN CUTTING THEIR TEETH.
MI_RS.JOIINSON'S AMERICAN SOOTHING
SYRUP. This efficacious Remedy has been in general use
for upwards of Thirty Years and has preserved numerous Children
when suffering from Convulsions arising front painful Dentition. As
soon as the Syrup is rubbed on the Gurus, the Child will be relieved,
the Gums cooled, and the inflammation reduced. It is as innocent as
efficacious, tending to prOciuce the Teeth with ease; and so pleasant,
that no Child wait refuse to let its Gums be rubbed with it. Parents
should be vtity particular to ask for JOHNSON'S AMERICAN
SOOTHING SYRUP, and to notice that the names of Barclay and
Sons, 95, Farringdon.street, London (to whom Mrs. Johnson has sold
the recipe), are on the Stamp affixed to ach Bottle. Price 2s. 9d. per
2sottle.

FRAAIPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH.
The manifold advantages to the heads of families from the
possession of a Medicine of known efficacy, that may be resorted to
with confidence, and used with success in cases of temporary sick.
ness, occurring in families more or less every day, are so obvious to
all, that no question can be raised of its importance to every house.
holder in the kingdom. From among numerous testimonials, the
following is respectfully submitted :
" To MR. THOMAS pROUT, 229, STRAND, LONDON.
.` 5, Cooper-street, Manchester, March 12, 1842.
Sir,--I have much satisfaction in comnitinieating to you the
result of my experience, after repeated trials, of FRAMPTON'S
PILL OF HEALTH, and I feel it but justice to state, that in the
course of Many years' trial of various Aperient Medicines, I hast
never Round results at once 8) salutary and efficient in the relief of the
system from redundant bile, &c., &c., with so little inconvenience;
I am, therefore, warranted in declaring that they supply to me a
means 'ong wanting, of being able to recommend to families, schools,
and especially mercantile men, whether at the desk or on the road, a
mo t valuable resourcein an occasional medicine. And I shall take
credit to myself if, in giving this testimony, I am the means of mak.
ihg FRAMPTON'S PILLS more generally known and appreciated.
" I am, Sir, respectfully yours, " WILLIAM SMITH."
The unprecedented sale of these Pills, arising from the earnest re-
commendations of the many thousands who have derived benefit
from their use, render any lengthened comment unnecessary; they are
not put forth as a cure for all diseases to which mankind is liable, but for
Bilious and Liver Complaints, with their many well-known attend—
ants, Bilious and S.ck Headache, Pain and Oppression after meals,
Giddiness, Dizziness, Singing Noise in Head and Ears, Drowsiness,
Heartburn, Loss of Appetite, Wind, Spasms, &e.
Two or three doses will convince the afflicted of their salutary
effects. The stomach will speedily regain its strength ; a healthy
action of the Liver, Bowels, and Kidneys, will rapidly take place ;
and instead of listlessness, heat, pains, and jaundiced appearance,
strength, activity, and renewed health, extending to good old age,
will be the result of taking this medicine, aecording to the directions
accompanying each box.
Sold by T. Prout, 22, Strand, London, Price Is. 130. and 2s. 9d.
p_er box ; also by the Vendors of Medicines generally throughout the

Ask for FRAMPTON'S PILL of HEALTH, and observe the
Name and Address of. ThomasProut,2r9, Strand, London," on the
Tern m n t Stamp.

Just published, price 65., No. IV. of the
NORTH BRITISH REVIEW.
TO BE CONTINUED QUARTERLY.

- CONTENTS :
I. Dana's Mineralogy.
11. Thornton's British India.
111. The Scottish Monks.
Iv. Fit che t t's King Alfred.
V. Life and Writings of Dr. Arnold.
VI. Baron Ilugel's Travels in Kashmir and the Punjab.
VII. Report on the Poor-laws in Sootlan6l.
VIII. Palestine.
IX. Essays on Christian Union,
X. The Jesuits in France.
Edinburgh : W. P. Kennedy. London : Hamilton, Adams, and Co.
Dublin : W. Curry, jun., and Co.

Pocket Edition (500 pages), in an envelope, price 25., by post 3s.
11 MARRIA G-E-
-its Hindrances and Obligations.
" Of griefs concealed, and disappointments keen,
Which young and gentle—the matured and sage,
The lonely and the mated—all sustain."
By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D.,
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, Licentiate of
the Hall, and twenty-three years Resideet Practitioner in London.
Also, companion to the. same (72 Engravings), price Is., by post Is. 6d.,
ON CHASTITY—its Abuses and Diseases.
" Whereon doth hinge the dignity of man,
The health of offspring, and domestic love !"
These publications are free from empyricism and mawkish senti-
mentality—they abound in stern truths, and are addressed to the in-
telligence of the times.
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street ;
Hannay, G 3, Oxford-street ; Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Author, 21,
Arundel-street, Strand.—At home daily till Two : Evenings, Seven
till Nine.

FOURTEENTH EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Human
Frailty, with Coloured Engravings.
Just published, price 2s. 6d., free by post (in a sealed envelope) 3s. Gdo
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
the Infirmities of the Generative System in both sexes ; and
on the loss of the reproductive powers, with means of restoration.
The baneful effects of solitary indulgence, neglected syphilis symp-
toms, &c., are fully pointed out. Illustrated by Engravings ; followed
by observations on Marriage, with plain directions for the removal of
certain disqualifications. By 11. and L. PERRY and Co., Consulting
Surgeons, London. Published by the Authors, and may be ad at
their residence,
19, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET.

Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox-
ford-street ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Purklss, Compton-
street, Soho; and all Booksellers.

ormoNs OF TAE TRESS.

"We regard the work before us, the ' Silent Friend,' as a work
embracing most clear and practical views of a series of complaints
hitherto little understood, and passed over by a ma!ority of the me-
dical profession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We must
however confess that a perusal of this work has left such a favourable
impression on cur minds, that we not only recommend, but cordially
wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffering from
indiscretion, to profit by the advice contained in its pages."—Age and
Argus.

"The authors of the ' Silent Friend' seem to be thoroughly con-
versant with the treatment of a class of complaints, which are. we
fear, too prevalent in the present day. The perspicuous style in
which this book is written, and the valuable hints it conveys to those
who are apprehensive of entering the marriage state, cannot fail to
recommend to it a careful perusal."—Era. . . . . .

The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is exclusively directed to
the cure of nervous and sexual debility, irregularity, weakness, loss
ofappetite, indigesticn, consumptive habits, and debilities arising from
excess, &c. In bottles, price lie., or the quantity of four in one
bottle for 33s ,by which ils. are saved. The five-pound cases may
be had as usnal.

DECLARATION OF THE GUARDIANS OF BRENT,
DEVON.

ALSE'S SCORBUTIC DROPS.
A SURE CURE FOR EAD LEGS.
The following ease has excited so much interest, that the Guardians
of the palish of Brent, Devon, have considere 1 it their duty to sign
their names to the accompanying important declaration :
We, the undersigned, solemnly declare that before Thomas Ro-
lins, one of our parishioners, commenced taking " Halse's Scorbutic
Drops," he was literally covered with large running wounds (some
of them so large that a person migit have laid hi, fist in them) ; that
before he had finished the first bottle he noticed an improvement,
and that by continuing them for some time,
.he got completely
restored to health, after everything else had failed. He had tried
various sorts of me•.'icines before b.aking Halse's Scorbutic Drops,'
and had prescriptions from the most celebrated physicians in this
country, without de,iving the 1, ast benefit. " Boise's Scorbutic
Drops," have co ipletely cured him, and he is nuw enabled to attend
to his labour as well as any man in our parish. From other cures
also made In this part, we strongly recommend " Halse's Scorbutic
Drops" to the notice of the public.
Signed by John Elliott, sen., Lord of the Manor, John Manning
William Pearce, Henry Go:xlman, Arthur Langworthy.

June 21, 18.13
The above.men'ioned MOMS Rolins was quite incapable of doing
any kind of work whatever before he commenced taking those Drops.
Some of his wounds were so large, that it was most awful to look at
them, and the itching and pain of the wounds generally were molt
dreldtul; indeed, the poor fellow could be heard screeching by
passersby, both day and night, for sleep was entirely out of the ques-
tion. He was reduce Ito mere skin and bone, and daily continued to
get weaker, so that there was every probability of his speedy death.
Read the following extract from the " Nottingham Review ":
"I MPURITY OF THE BLOOD THE CAUSE OF SCURVY,

_ _ _ _ _ _
BAD LEGS, &c.
4. It is really astonishing that so many persons should be content
to be afflicted with scu vy, wounds in the legs, &c., when it is a well-
ascertained fact that Halse's Scorbuti:. Drops' make the disease
vanish like snow before the sun No one is better enabled to judge of
the value of a medicine as to its effects on the bulk of the people
than a vendor of the article ; and as vendors of this medicine we can
conscientiously recommend it to our friends, for there is scarcely a
day passes but we hear some extraordinary accounts of it ; indeed,
we have known parties who have tried other advertised medicines
without the least success, and yet on resorting to this preparation
the now justly celebrated I-false's Scorbutic Drops,' the disease has
yielded as if by magic. We again say, " Try Halse's Scorbutic
Drops."
Wholesale Agents for London : Barclay and Son, Farringdon-
street ; Hallett, ti 3, High Holborn; Prout, 2i:29, Strand ; Sanger, 150,
Oxford-street; Johnston, se, Cornhill ; and King, Napier-street,
Hcxton.
N.B. Be sure to ask for " Halse's Scorbutic Drops." Price
2s. 9d. a Bottle anti in Pint Bottles,:containing needy idi7C %9d.
Males fog

ROY AL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
A New Subject in CHEMISTRY of universal interest—
PHILLIPS'S PATENT FIRE ANNUMI'OU, illustrated,b7
Dr. Ryan in his daily Lectures, and on the Evenings of
MONDAYS, WEDNESDAYS, and FRIDAYS. DURING LENT
a Series of LECTURES on ASTRONOMY will be delivered by Pro-
fessor Bachhoffner, on the Mornings and Evenings of Mondays,
Wednesdays, and Fridays. accompanied by Dr. Wallis on BRABY'S
CALOTONE,—KITE'S PATENT SMOKE-CURING and VENTI-
LATING ROOF, COWLS, LAMP, and CHIMNEY-SWEEPING
APPARATUS, and TAYLOR'S improved domestic FIRE ESCAPE,
are interesting Novelties. Two beautiful Pictures of the SHRINE of
the NATIVITY are just added to the NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS.
CHILD'S CHROMATROI'E. THE PROTEOSCOPE. The
PHYSIOSCOPE. EXPERIMENTS by meansof the DIVING BELL
and DIVER.

The Music is conducted by T. Wallis, Mus. Doc.
Admission, Is. ; Schools, Half-price.

AT MIDI)LETON, OXFORDSHIRE.
TO BE LET, and entered on, 25th day of March
next, a CAPITAL RESIDENCE for a GENTEEL FAMILY,
late in the occupation of John Sawnders, Esq., containing breakfast,
dining, and drawing-rooms, kitchen, biewhouse, larders, laundry,
wine and ale cellars, and other domestic offices ; six bed-rooms on
the first floor, and three sleeping-rooms on the upper floor ; large
pleasure and kitchen gardens, with green-house, coach-house and
stabling for four horses, groom's cottage, farm-yard, poultry-houses,
and piggery. Adjoining is a Field of Pasture Land, containing
10e. Oa. 24r. The whole premises, including the Plantation, contain
14e. la. Br.

For further particulars, apply to Messrs. Adam Murray, and Son,
Surveyors and Land Agents, 47, Parliament-street.

BURGESS' ESSENCE of ANCHOVIES,
Warehouse, le7, STRAND, corner of the Savoy-steps, London.
JOHN BURGESS and SON, being apprised of the numerous en-
deavours made by many persons to impose a spurious article for their
make, feel it incumbent on them to request the attention of the
public, in purchasing what they conceive to be the original to ob-
serve the Name and Address correspond with the above. The gene-
ral appearance of the spurious descriptions will deceive the un-
guarded ; and, for their detection, J. B. and Son, submit the following
cautions:—Some are in appearance at first sight, '• the genuine," but
without •ame or address ; some " Burgess's Essence of Anchovies,"
and others " Burgiss's ;" and many more without address. John
Burgess and Son, having been many years honoured with such dis-
tinguished approbation, feel every sentiment of respect towards the
public, and earnestly solicit them to inspect the labels previous to
purchasing what they conceive to be of their make, which they hope
will prevent many disappointments.
BURGESS' NEW SAUCE, for general purposes, having given such
great satisfaction, continues to be prepared by them, and is recom-
mended as a most useful and convenient sauce ; will keep good in all
climates.

Warehouse, 107, STRAND, corner of the Savoysteps, London.
The Original Fish-sauce Warehouse.

'IILVER SUPERSEDED, and those corrosive
Li and injurious Metals, called Nickel and German Silver, sup-
planted by the introduction of a now and perfectly matchless
ALBATA PLATE.

C. WATSON, 41 and 42, Barbican, and 16, Norton Folgate, aided by
a person of Science in the amalgamation of Metals, has succeeded in
bringing to Public Notice the most beautiful Article ever yet offered ;
possessing all the richness of Silver In appearance, with all its dura-
bility and hardness—with its perfect sweetness in use, undergoing, as
it does, a Chemical Preece., by which, all that Is nauseous In mixed
Metals is entirely extracted—resisting all Acids—may be cleaned as
silver, and is manufactured into every Article for the Table and
Sideboard :

Fiddle. Threaded. King's.
Table Spoons and Forks, 16s. 6d. doz. 30s. 355.
Desert Ditto
Tea Spoons . • • ... • .
Sugar Tongs ..... Is. 3d. 3s. 3s. 6d.
C. WATSON begs the Public will understand that this Metal is
peculiarly his own, and that Silver is not more different from Gold
than kis metal is from all others—on its intrinsic merit alone he
wishes it to be tested, and from the daily Increasing enlogiums he re.
rTiVeS, he is convinced that nothing can prevent its becoming an
article of universal wear.

C. Watson's handsomely Illustrated Catalogue and Price Currant
is just published, and Families who regard economy and elegance
should possess themselves of this useful Book, which may be had
Gratis, and Post Free, from the above Address.
_ . _

PATENT PARAGON CA3IPfIiVE LAMPS.
The perfection of these Lamps over the Vesta has been
happily attained by the invention of two parallel flat rings—a larger
and a smaller forming a cone round the margin of the wick, which
cause a rapid reverberation of air against the flame—that condensing
every particle of volatilized vapour, it is free from smoke or smell,
having perfect combustion, and in full action, emits a light equal to
16 wax candles.

C. Watson's Warehouses, 41 and 42, Barbican, and 16, Norton
Folgate, will contain, throughout the season, all the most elegant
recherche and new patterns, comprising Or-mole, Ckina, Glass, and
Opal.
__ _

Old Oil Lamps fitted with the Paragon Head for 21e. And the
Paragon Apparatus applied to the Vesta for 6s. The Spirit analysed
and recommended by Dr, lire, is delivered in screw cans by C.
Watson's cart,st,...ls.. per gallon.

41 & 42, BARBICAN, and IG, NORTON FOLOATE.

TO ALL CONSUMERS OF TEAS, AND COFFEES THROUGH-
OUT THE UNITED KINGDOM.
THE BRITISH HONG-KONG. TEA COM-
PANY inform the Nobility, Gentry, Clergy, and Families
generally, that in addition to their large Wholesale business, they
have now opened those extensive and commodiousyremises,
and 13, NICHOLAS-LANE' KING WILLIAM STREET, CITY,
as a Wholesale and Retail Establishment, for the supply of none but
genuine and superior class Teas and Coffees, at an unprecedented
smallness of profit.

In consequence, of the enormous quantity of spurious trash now
imported under the name :of Tea, there never was a period when
the public required, with a view to both Health and Economy, to be
more careful in the selection of this important article, and more upon
their guard against advertisers at extremely low prices.
From their long experience in all branches of the Tea and Coffee
trade, the extensiveness of their transactions, and the arrangements
they have made for securing the choicest growths of Teas and
is wanting, but a trial of their pretensions, to ensure them that
pCaotffreoensagteheitiN,'ovraild pbreodtilicee,
their constant
the Company feel confident that nothing
aim and highest ambition to
merit.
The Company invite attention to their EXPLANATORY
PAMPHLET, containing a full description of all the various sorts
of Teas and Coffees imported, and sold by the Company, with prices,
&c., which will be sent Post Free, on being applied for; but the fol-
lowing are confidently recommended.

g, d.
Good useful Congou ..... ........ 3 4
Ditto, brisk and strong......
Ditto, strong Pekoe flavour ..
soioicng, good, to finest Lapsang •• • • 48to 5 6
THE CO3iNsPoAlaiTs'S iO
qulartleirr?AhUalf,llalitlXaTirbß.
(E.a
GREEN TEAS. i 5
ties. 6

BLACK TEAS.

IL d.

5. d. s. cl.
Genuine TWankay. ..... ...... .., 3 6
Ditto, curled leaf, to tine 113•50niin,1:5 :L.. 4 0 to 4 8
Hysons, good to finest ...... .
~. .. ~. ..... 5 0 to 7 0
Imperial Gunpowders, good to finest bright, •
rich flavour.. •• • • .• ............
.. ,
.. ~.. • 5 0 to 6
Small leaf Gunpowders, good to superfine
Pearl
tiPlearecoeling patty's ROASTED COFFEES.—These may be had at all prides, from Is.
to 2s. per lb. The Company recommend good CEYLON,, acotnltsa.iildn. Ig
FINE PLANTATION CEYLON, Is. 4d. • FINE JAMAICA, JAVA,
COSTA RICA, :and LA GUAYRA, at 'ls. 6d. ; FINE CUBA, or
MOCHA, at Is. Bd. ; FINEST JAMAICA, or .510CIIA, at 2s. per lb.
not punctually T olTerms—Cash.
Orders by Post will receive immediate attention.
metropolis
the,vilwill
ho em sent, through
sasl all
hpaanrt7s 16hfs. deliveredt
ife Tb
con-
signees, carriage free, to all parts of England and Wales, and the
principal ports of Scotland and Ireland. Purchasers of 301bs. will be
allowed 115. overweight. ,ttsiiilerNo,ua gnig environs, goods will he

The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphi-
litic remedy for searching out and purifying the blood from scurvy,
blotches on the head, face, and body, ulcerations, and those painful
affections arising from improper treatment or the effects of mercury,
removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. Price
I Is. and 335. per bottle.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d.,
and l is. per box, are the most effectual remedy for strictures, inflam-
mation, irritation of the bladder, &e , without hindrance to business.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. A minute detail of cases is ne-
cessary.
Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for consultation. at their re-
ridencc, 19, Berners-street, Oxford.street, London, from 11 till 2, and
5 till S. On Sundays from 10 till 12. One personal visit Is only ne-
cessary to effect a permanent cure.

OPENING of the ITALIAN OPERA.
The season of 1845 is fast approaching. The first
indications of its approach were the commencement of
the French Plays—the second, the opening of Parlia-
ment ; but the London season can never be said to
have fairly set in until the opening of her Majesty's
Theatre. This event is announced for Saturday, the
I,t of March. Under former managements the
Italian Opera before Easter dragged on a sort of
doubtful existence, supported by mere mediocrities,
who were tolerated, and barely tolerated, by the sub-
scribers, in the hope that the post-Paschal seasons
would make amends for the short-comings of the
ante-Paschal season. To the credit of Mr. Lumley
be it spoken, he was the first to break through this
rule, " more honoured in the breach than in the ob-
servance," and since the management has devolved
upon him he has made no distinction of " Times,"
but has at every period of the season secured for his
subscribers the services of the very first talent
in every department that it was in his power to pro-
cure. The theatre opens on Saturday, the Ist of
March, with Verdi's new opera of Ernani, supported
by Moriani, Fornasari, Botelli, and Madame Rita
Borio; and with a new ballet by Perrot, entitled La
Lille de la Dryade, in which the fascinating Lucile
Grahn, and Toussaint, and Perrot, will appear, sup-
ported by the thirty-six danseuses Viennoises, those
wonderful children whosesktiformsmces at the Acai.e-
rnie Royale have turned the heads of all Paris. We
anticipate great things from the opera of Ernani.
Verdi is a young :composer, whose works are, com-
paratively speaking, unknown in this country, but
who has been hailed in Italy as, par excellence, the
maestro—the legitimate successor of the lost Bellini,
and the all but lost Rossini. His greatest work will
be produced before an English audience, supported in
such a manner as the maestro himself would have
wished. It were a work of supererogation to dilate on
the merits of Moriani and Fornasari, and Madame
Rita Borio, although unheard, is not altogether un-
known in this country. The number of the dilettanti
is but few who have not heard of the prima donna of
the Theatre Royal, Madrid. Great efforts were
made by the management of the Spanish Opera to
deprive us of Moriani, and the dilettanti of England
are under great obligations to Mr. Lumley, for
having secured to us the services of the primo tenore
of the world. In addition to these accomplished
artistes, we are to have Grisi, Brambilla—Madame
Castellan, who created such an immense sensation, last
season, as a concert singer—Mademoiselle Rosetti
and Madame Rosi Caccia, from the Theatre at Lis-
bon. Signor Barroilhet, from the Academie at Paris,
is engaged, as well as Lablache (father and son) and
Mario ; and though last, not least, that rising and
improving artiste—that first of second tenors, who will
ere long take rank among the very first—Signior
Corelli, is also engaged. In the ballet department,
the enterprising impresario is equally strong. Carlotta
Grisi, Lucile Grahn, and Cerito—St. Leon, Perrot, and
Toussaint are engaged. The Diesse of the season, how-
ever, is Taglioni, who is engaged to appear for her fare-
well nights' season. We hail her approach with delight
—we hear the announcement that this is to be her last
season, with sorrow. Let us, however, hope that the
choerographic poetess, for such she really ii, will be
induced to review her decision, and to give us a few
more farewell seasons before finally leaving the stage.
The orchestra is to be on the same scale as last year,
and Costa re-assumes the baton of conductor; Tol-
becque leads the orchestra ; Perrot is the Maitre de
Ballet ; Pugni is composer of ballet music, and Mar-
shall is principal scene-painter. Can arrangements
be more complete ? Mr. Lumley ought, and no doubt
will, command success • according to the dictum of
Addison, he does more, he deserves it.

TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED
STATES AND CHINA.

The TVushington No4ional Intelligencer, of the 24th
ult., contains the following message from the American
President, communicating the treaty between America
and China, and which has since been ratified.
" WASHINGTON, JAN. 22, 1845.
" To THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
" I communicate herewith an abstract of the treaty
between the United States of America and the
Chinese Empire, concluded at Whang Hiya on the
3d of July last, and ratified by the Senate
on the 10th inst., and which having also been ratified by
the Emperor of China, now awaits only the exchange of
ratifications in China, from which it will be seen that
the special mission authorised by Congress for this
purpose has fully succeeded in the accomplishment, so
far, of the great objects for which it was appointed, and
in placing our relations with China on a new footing
eminently favourable to the commerce and other interests
of the United States.

"In view of the magnitude and importance of our
national concerns, actual and prospective, in China, I
submit to the consideration of Congress the expediency
of providing for the preservation and cultivation
of .the subsisting relations of amity between the
United States and the Chinese Government, other than
by means of a permanent minister, or commissioner
with diplomatic functions, as in the case of cer-
tain of the Mahometan States. It appears, by one
of the extracts annexed, that the establishment
of the British Government in China consists both
of a Plenipotentiary and also of paid Consuls for all the
five ports, one of whom has the title and exercises the
functions of Consul-General ; and Franco has also a sa-
laried Consul-General, and the interests of the United
Stateeseetn, in like manner, to call for some representa-
tive in China of a higher class than an ordinary eom
mrrcial consulate.
" I also submit to the consideration of Congress the
expediency of making some special provision by law for
the security of the independent and honourable position
which the treaty of Wang Hiya confers on citizens
of the United States residing or doing business in China.
By the 21st and 25th articles of the treaty (copies
of which are subjoined in eltenso), citizens of the United
States in China are wholly exempted, as well in criminal
as in civil matters, from the local juridiction of the
Chinese Government, and made amenable to the laws
and subject to the jurisdiction of the appropriate autho-
rities of the United States alone. Some action on the
part of Congress seems desirable, in order to give full
effect to these important concessions of the Chinese G
vernment. " JOHN TYLER."

ABSTRA.CT OF THE TREATY.
The annexed is an abstract of the treaty, which, with
other documents, accompanied the above message:—
The preamble sets forth that the United States of
America and the Ta Tsing Empire, desiring to establish
firm, lasting, and sincere frießdship between the two
nations, have resolved to fix, in a manner clear and posi-
tive, by means of a treaty or general convention of
peace, amity, and commerce, the rules which shall in
future be mutually observed in the intercourse of their
respective countries. For which desirable object, the
President of the United States has conferred full powers
on their commissioner, Caleb Cuahing, envoy extraor-
dinary and minister plenipotentiary of the United States
to China, and the august Sovereign of the Ta Tsing
Empire on his minister and commissioner extraordi-
nary, Tsiyeng, of the. Imperial house, a vice guardian
of the heir apparent, governor general of the Two
Kwangs, and superintendent general of the trade and
foreign intercourse of the five ports.
Art. 1. Provides that there shall be a perfect and uni-
versal peace and a sincere and cordial amity between the
United States of America and the Ta Tsing Empire.
Art. 2. Provides that citizens of the United States
resorting to China for the purposes of commerce will ,
pay the duties of import and export prescribed in the
tariff annexed to the treaty, and no other duties or
charges whatever; and that the United States shall par-
ticipate in any future concession granted to other nations
by China.
Art. 3. Provides for the admission of citizens of the
United States at the five ports of Kwan-chow, Hiya-
men, Fa-chow, Ning-po, a-.lcl Shang-hai.
Art. 4. Provides for citizens of the United States to
import and sell, or buy and export, all manner of mer-
chandize at the five ports.
Art. 6. Limits the tonnage duty on American ships
to five mace per ton, if over 150 tons registered burden,
and one mace per ton if of 150 tons or less. Also pro-
vides that such vessel having paid tonnage at one of the
five ports shall not be subject to pay a second tonnage
duty at any other of the said five ports.
Art. 7. Boats for the conveyance of passengers, &c.,
exempted, &c., from the payment of tonnage duty.
Art. 8. Provides for authorising citizens of the United
States in China to employ pilots, servantg, linguists,
labourers, seamen, and packers for whatever necessary
service.
Art. 9. Provides for the employment and duties of
custom-house guards for merchant vessels of the United
States in China.
Art. 10. Provides that securities of vessels shall de-
posit their ships' papers with the consul, and makiev
report, &c., within forty-eight hours after thei!thaorurt
in port; ;
anfodrbaiudtshotrhiseesditshce vessel
eol of
tog Vichetion
whole or a part only of the cargo, at iser ,or to
depart without breaking bulk.
Art. 11. Prescribes the mode of examining re the
d
order to the estimation of the duty chargeable
Art. 12. Provides for regularity and uniformity of
weights and.measures at the five ports.
Art. 13. Provides for the time an d mode of paying
sswair i'tghoeoredosni
.n
duties
vessel; dutiestonntaogeentry;
abneding payable on the admittance
of the
Art. 14. Forbids the transhipment of goods from
vessel to vessel in port, without a permit for the same.
Art. 15. Abolishes the hong and other monopolies
and restrictions on trade in China.

Chinese to Americans, or from Americans to Chinese,
through the tribunals of the respective countries.
Art. 17. Provides for the residence of citizens of the
United States ; the construction by them of dwellings,
store-houses, churches, cemeteries, and hospitals, and re-
gulates the limits of residence, -- and trade permitted
to citizens of the United States at the five ports and the
-- appertaining thereto.
Art. 13. Empowers citizens of the United States freely
to employ teachers And other literary assistants, and to
purchase books in China.
Art. 11. Provides for the means of assuring the per-
sonal security of the citizens of the United States in
China.

Art. 20. Provides that citizens of the United State=,
having paid duties on goods at either of the said ports,
may at pleasure export the same to any other of the five
ports, without paying duty on the same a second time.
Art 21. Provides that subjects of China and citizens
of the United States in China, charged with crimes, shall
be subject only to the exclusive jurisdiction, each, of the
laws and officers of their respective Governments.
Art. 22. Provides that the merchant vessels may freely
carry between the five ports and any country with which
China may happen to be at war.
_ _

Art. 23. Prides for reports to be made by consuls
of the United States of the commerce of their country in
China.

Art. 24. Provides for the mode in which complaints
or petitions may be, made, by citizens of the United
States to the Chinese Government,. and by subjects' of
China to the officers of the United States, and contro-
versies between them adjusted.
Art. 25. Provides that all questions in regard to
rights, whether of person or of property, arising between
citizens of the United States in China, shall be subject
to the jurisdiction and regulated by the authorities of
their own Government.

Art. 26. Provides for the police and security of mer-
chant vessels of the United States in the waters of
China, and the pursuit and punishment of piracies on
the same by subjects of China.

Art. 27. Provides for the safety and protection of ves-
sels of citizens of the United States wrecked on the
coast, or driven by stress of weather, or otherwise, into
any of the ports of China.
Art. 28. Provides that citizens of the United States,
their vessels and property, shall not be subject to any
embargo, detention, or other molestation in China.
Art. 29. Provides for the apprehension in China of
mutineers or deserters from the vessels of the United
States ; the delivering up of Chinese criminals taking
refuge in the houses or vessels of the Americans ; and
the mutual prevention of acts of disorder and violence ;
and that the merchants, seamen, and other citizens of the
United States in China, hall be under the superintendence
of the appropriate officers of their own Government.
Art. 30. Prescribes the mode and style of correspond-
ence between the officers and private individuals respec-
tively of the two nations.
Art. 31. Provides for the transmisEion of communica-
tions from the Government of the United States to the
Imperial Court.
Art. 32. Provides that ships of war of the United
States, and the officers of the same, shall be hospitably
received and entertained at each of the five ports.
Art. 33. Provides that citizens of the United States,
engaged in contraband trade, or trading clandestinely
with such of the ports of China as are not open to foreign
commerce, shall not be countenanced or protected by
their Government.

Art. 34. Provides that the treaty shall be in force for
twelve years or longer, at the option of the two Govern-
ments, and that the ratification shall be exchanged
within eighteen months from the date of the signatures
thereof.

The treaty purports to be signed and sealed by the
respective plenipotentiaries at %Yang lliya, the 3d of
July, 1844, and is signed

C. CUSHING.
TSIYENG (in Manchu.)

ON TAXATION.

Political economists of every hue are puzzling their
brains to discover a remedy for the ills of the body-
politic, and politicians are speculating on the coming
changes. One party recommends the half-fed la-
bourer to take a change of air, and are preparing
parks and pleasure-grounds for his recreation ; an-
other thinks the unwashed should indulge in the
luxuries of warm baths and clean linen; whilst the
members of the League are labouring in their voca-
tion for a free trade, and promises to fill the bellies of
the lieges with foreign corn ; but all these are only
so many tubs thrown to the whale, to divert his
attention from the discovery of what is every hour
becoming more and more apparent, that the present
system of taxation is the source and the root from
whence all the misery and suffering of the lower
classes do proceed.
Instead, therefore, of joining in the outcry against
the property and income-tax, as proposed by Sir
Robert Peel, I should wish to hail it as the first step
to a better state of things, to a more sound consi-
deration of the important matter of national taxation ;
but the honesty of statesmen has progressed so little
in this direction, that without a considerable increase
in the pressure from without, I am afraid the present
is not the generation that is likely to realise so impor-
tant an improvement on the perversion of past times.
It is a little remarkable, that in all the agitation
that has sprung up of late years, no advocate of the
working classes should have made direct, instead of
indirect, taxation the burden of his song.
By a similar perversion of all that is just, but
from motives easy to be accounted for, nearly all
Ministers and statesmen have preferred indirect to
direct taxation. The reasons are obvious—the one
places the tax-payer under the control of the Minis-
ter, the other places the Minister under the control
of the tax-payer. In the first case, the bread that
we eat, the beer, tea, coffee, sugar, and everything
else that we either eat or drink, the hat which covers ,
the head, the shoes that enclose the feet, and the rai-
ment wherewith we are clothed, may be all taxed to
the highest possible extent, and yet the Minister, nor
his representative, the tax-collector, be at all visible
in the matter; but let the tax-collector only knock at
the door and make demand of a few, shillings,
and the why and the wherefore is instantly in requi-
sition. It comes home to the pockets and feelings of
the multitude, who accordingly scrutinise closely
every act of the Minister and his colleagues ; and,
even with our present limited system of representa-
tion, such a check on the conduct of any Ministry
would be direct and effective.

Lord Brougham, with his peculiar felicity, has
enumerated the items of taxation which have thus in-
directly been made to contribute to the necessities of
the State. It embraces all things within the com-
pass of our wants and wishes, from our entrance into
the world to our final exit from it, and even then our
very virtues, if chronicled at all, must be handed
down to posterity on taxed marble, and we may then,
but not till then, be said to be gathered to our
fathers, to be taxed no more.
Such are the facilities, such the practical effect
and operation of the two systems, and I contend
that to indirect taxation may be traced a large
proportion of the evils that afflict society. With
its assistance a Minister may he extravagant and
lavish. Unjust wars may be provoked or persevered
in until a nation is either exhausted or prostrate. A
court may be luxurious, profligate, and corrupt, poi-
soning by its example the very springs of life and
virtue in society—and even the legislation of a country
may be indifferent, insensible, or blind to its opera-
tion, until the hand of the Government is perceptible
in every man's dish—until its form and pressure is
distinct and visible—and then comes the day of retri-
bution, and a few months or years, such as France
passed through in the L.st revolution, makes atone-
ment fer the wickedness of centuries.

LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, AND ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &e.
" He who 111 pleasure's downy arms
Ne'er lost his health or youthfulcharms,
A hers lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me behold a man l"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 4s. 6d.,
or sent by ost, free, to any address, 3s. 84.,
CIELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on
those concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses,
and terminating In Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, and all those Sinking', Anxieties, and Tremors, which
afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for
their perfect Restoration.
By SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon
9, BEDFORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecary's Hall, London,&c.
" The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in-
herent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented
throng's the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such,
among others, this Essay addresses itself ; and by its perusal many
questions may be satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even
to the most confidential frieqd."—Stafford Gazette.
"Long experience in the treatment of a class of diseases hitherte
neglected and most imperfectly understood by the great bulk of the
medical profession, has enabled the writer to prove that there are
conceale t causes of Nervous Debility In exi.tence, where the mere
routine practitioner would never dream of finding them ; trace.snle
to certain habits, forming the most secret, yet deadly, and fi'al
springs of domestic misery, and premature mortality."—Wakefield
Journal.

HEARTBURN, &e.—Certain . and immediate
relief in the hours of business, by night, or on a Journey, is
given by the Pure AlkcoamlinpePsreedpainratotiopnisiisofbyß;e4ockon,s ten
81-CARBONATEPaotf
SODA and POTASS, compressed
Process. They furnish an ever ready and instant remedy to those
painful diseases of the digestive organs, Heartburn, Sick-headache,
Indigestion, &c , produced by Acidity.
Sold wholesale by Barclay and Sons, Farringdon-street ; and by
every Chemist and Druggist in the United Kingdom. Price One
Shilling po Box, or in Family Boxes. Half-a-Crowst.

•
DEPARTURE OF FOREIGN MAILS.
The next mails for Malta, Greece, lonian Islands,
Egypt, Ceylon, India, and China, via Southampton, will
be dispatched hence on Thursday morning next.
The next mail for Ceylon, India, and China, via Mar-
seilles, will be dispatched hence on the evening of Mon-
day, the 24th instant.
mail.
INDIES, gm—Forth steamer, for this morning's
AMERICA.—The next mails will be taken by the Cam-
bria, and will be made up on the evening of March 3.
NEW SOUTH WALES.—The ship Peruvian is adver-
tised for the mails of the '2Bth instant.

The system and its abettors are swept away at one
fell swoop, and leaves to history the righteous task of
informing posterity that the manifold oppressions of
the poor and needy have at last found an avenger.
Expediency, but not justice, is all that can be
pleaded in extenuation of the principle of indirect
taxation, and the pernicious and dangerous results
which flow from it will enable us to estimate this ex-
pediency at its proper value.
Before I proceed farther hi the inquiry I will now
set forth the several items which form the taxation of
the country, which will enable us to take a more
comprehensive view of the subject, and to atcertain
the exact amount or proportion which property and
consumption respectively contribute to it.
Consumption contributes in respect of—
The Customs' Duties
•
Excise 12,160,111

,
[ADVERTISEMENT.]—A CERTAIN CURE FOR SCRO-
FULA, OR KING'S EVIL, BY HOLLOWAY'S PILLS AND
OINTMENT.—A FRIGHTFUL CASE !—A young man
namedh
eßs
toewr
,mbaand,
most malignant kind of scrofulous ulcers, covering
various parts of his body; besides other sufferings, they
had deprived him of the use of his left leg. Yet, extra-
ordinary to relate, this poor fellow has not only had all
the ulcers soundly healed, but has likewise regained the
baeenshaofflemicat
complete use of his limb by means of these two wonderful
medicines. Sold at Professor Holloway's Establishment,
244, Strand (where advice may be had gratis), and by
almost all respectable vendors of medicine througiout
the civilised world

Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and
52, Paternoster—row; Starie, 23, Tichborme.street, Quadrant, Regent
street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery-
lane; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Three, and from Five till Eight.

THE NINTH EDITION.
Just Published, in a staled envelope, price 2s. ed.) and sent free, on
receipt of a Post-office Order, for 3s. 6d.,
MANLY HEALTH : a Popular Inquiry into the
Concealed Cause of its Premature Decline, with Instruc-
tions for it Complete Restoration.' Addressed to those suffering
frem the desstructive consequences of excessive indulgence, termi-
nating in mental and nervous debility, focal or constitutional weak-
ness, indigestion, and consumption. Including a comprehensive Die.
sertation on MARRIAGE. Illustrated with Cases, &c. By
C. J. LUCAS and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London.
May be had of the Authors, No. 60, Newman-street; Oxford_
street ; and sold by Brittaln, 11, Paternoster-row; Hannay and Co.,
63, Oxford-street; Noble, 109, Chancery-lane; J. Gordon, 146,
Leadenhall-street ; G. Mansell, 3, King-street, Southwark ;
C. Westerton, 15, Park-side, Knightsbridge; Huett, 37, Princes-
street, Leicester-square, London ; T. Sowler, Courier Office, 4, St.
Ann's-square.
Manche-ter; W. Howell, 75, Dale-street, Liverpool;
W. Wood, 18, High-street, Birminghssm ; W. and H. Robinson, 11,
Greenside-street, Edinburgh ; T. Prite, 93, Dame-street, Dublin ;
and all Booksellers.
.. The best of all friends is the professional friend ; and in no shape
can he be consulted with greater safety and secrecy than in . Lucas
on Manly Health.' The author shows how Manly Vigour,' tern..
Mesa's. Lucas and Co. are to be consulted from ten till two, and
from five till eight in the evening, at their residence, No. 60, New.
man-street, Oxford-stroet, London, and country patients may be
successfully rented, on mintitely desCdescribing their cafe and Ind.:Pang
P°slerarsseilaYgeirm. paired' can be restored."—The New Bell's Weekly
tliittOrualt 1/. for advict

HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTION AND DISEASE OF
THE CHEST.—Ws Grace the Duke of Richmond, K.G. ,
&c., and President of the above Institution, has kindly
intimated to the Secretary (Osborne P. Cross, Esq.) his
consent to preside at the ensuing anniversary festival.
The day for which it is fixed will be duly advertised.
COMMISSION OF LUNACY.—On Saturday a com-
mission de lunatico inquirendo was opened at the Roe-
buck Tavern, Turnham-geen, before Francis Barlow,
Esq., and fifteen .special jurors, to inquire as to the state
-of mind of William Churchill, Esq., aged 28, of Ham-
mersmith, possessed c f about 13,0004 in funded property,
and des ended from a collateral branch of the family of
the first Duke of Marlborough. The commission was
unopposed. The jury expressed themselves satisfied
and on his retirement from the room unanimously re-
turned a verdict, " That William Churchill was of un-
sound and had been 60 froua the hat Jauuary, 1841,

Art. 16. rrovides for the collection of debts due from

£32,538,783
Property contributes in rospect of
The Stamp Duties 6,611,390
Land and Assessed Taxes 4,216,488
Income and Property 5,191,195
Poor Rates, 6,000,0001. ;
Church, 550,0001. ; and 7,250,000
County, 700,0001.
£23,269,074
The Post-office, and some others of a trifling
amount, which make up the sum of our annual taxa-
tion, are equally borne by both parties, and are,
therefore, excluded from the argument; but from
these figures it would appear (considering that dpor-
tion of the stamp duties and assessed taxes is paid by
consumption) that consumption pays nearly twice as
much as property, and, at the same time, more than one-
ball of the whole, or twentreight ;millions per annum,

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' goes to pay the interest on a national debt, contracted
for the protection and defence of that property, and
for little else.
-
I am well aware that many of our -,pUblio writers
on this subject have contended that a property or
income-tax ought only to be resorted to when all
other sources of revenue are exhausted,—Lin other
words, that when the nation is in extremis,—ten, but
not till then, ought the property or income of indi-
viduals to be taxed; and hence the popular delusion,
that an income-tax is a war-tax. In my opinion, it
is the only tax that ought to exist in a time of peace.
Such political economists have no objection to take
a slice of every man's daily bread—they have no
objection to ask for a portion of all that is necessary
to support and renew his strength from hour to hour
—his meat, his drink, his clothing, must all contri-
bute—nay all that minister to the gratification of his
senses must pay an enormous Government toll before
it can reach the individual who has nothing but his
abour to sustain him, be it only a pipe of tobacco or
a pinch of snuff; but the property which a man may
inherit or :squire must, forsooth, pay only in the
proportion of one-half, until the sweat of every man's
brow has been exhausted, and refuses to yield a fur-
ther supply.
The systezn that will permit- an individual to. ac-
quire or possess property must be a .good one for that
individual, however grinding and oppressive to others,
and in the event of any national calamity placing tho
interests of the whole in jeopardy, the possessions of
the rich would require and absorb all the means of
protection and defence in the power of the nation to
give. 'Where, then, is the justice of the principle
which governs indirect taxation ?
Feeling, therefore, the manifest injustice of the
present system, not only in principle, but in its de-
teriorating operation on the working classes, in coun-
teracting the just results of their labour, I would pro-
pose as a remedy that we retrace our steps.
That the present land and assessed taxes be con-
tinued and increased if necessary. That a tax on
property and income be made a permanent one, and
that it be gradually increased from ypg.t6YeitilFdil.
it shall have absorbed in the firstinetaticii tang' ex-
cise duties, and also all the customs' duties, except
such as are necessary to protect our own interests or to
countervail and regulate oar intercourse with Other
countries, but that all such as are now raised for re-

venue should be transferred to the land, assessed
taxes, property and income.
That the principle of the tax on property and in-
come should be the same as that which now governs
the city of Frankfort, which is a sliding scale, com-
mencing at a half per cent. on all incomes of 150
florins per annum, and ending at two per cent. on
those of 8,500 florins, and all above that sum. The
greater degree of wealth in this country, and the vast
accumulations in the hands of, more especially, the
higher ranks, would justify the application of a scale
commencing at one per cent., and ending at ten
per cent.

The dukes, marquisses, and noble lords, with rent
rolls of 300,0001., 200,0001., and 100,0001. per annum,
and the merchant princes with incomes of 100,0001.
and 50,0001. a-year, might object to pay a per
tentage in the proportion of their wealth, but the time
is not far distant when this only just and equitable
principle will be enforced upon them by a stern and
overpowering necessity.
By adopting this course, I believe, a saving of three
millions might be effected out of the present annual
charge of four-and-a-quarter millions for collecting
the revenue, and the increased consumption of the
working-classes would give to every kind of property
an increase of value far beyond the taxes it would
thus be called on to pay. A certain portion of it
would therefore re-act, and still be borne by the
labour of the country, but much that now escapes
would be brought to bear its fair share of the national
burdens.


Our present system saps the foundation of all na-
tional prosperity, because it places the burdens of the
State on the weakest instead of the strongestimembers
—on the producing instead of the non-producing
classes, thus adding oppression to injustice. It also
most fearfully aggravates the causes of all national
distress, because the labour of individuals can no
longer compete with that of countries, where such a
degree of taxation is unknown—whereas, were it
placed on the property and income, instead of the
labour of the country, from the great magnitude of
our wealth as compared •with that of other countries,
it would be scarcely felt, and the national industry of
our people, freed from the incubus which now op-
presses it, would successfully compete with every na-
tion of the earth and carry all before it.
The possessors of property may lay the flattering unc-
tion to their souls, that the representation of the country
is in their hands, but without the further deterioration
of the working lasses is stayed by the adoption cf the
Equitable principle for which I am contending, the
greatness of England will be almost as evanescent as
was the gourd of Jonah, and the canker-worm of in-
justice and oppression will destroy the fairest
politi-
cal fabric which ever guaranteed the liberties of a
great and powerful people.
In times of piping prosperity like the present, our
rulers may evade the application of this lesson of self-
denial, but I will venture to foretel that, on the-next
recurrence of evil days, " to this complexion must
they come." w. F. S.
Tollington Park, Feb. 1, 1845.

t~,„<
.~, ~ ~ ;~.

DEATH of the EARL of EFFINGHAM.
We regret to have to announce the demise of this gallant
nobleman, who expired on Thursday last, at Brighton.
The deceased, Kenneth Alexander Howard, Earl of Effing-
ham, and Baron Howard of Effingham, in the Peerage of the
United Kingdom, was only son of Mr. Henry Howard, of
Arundel, and the Hon. Maria Mackenzie, second daughter of
Kenneth Viscount Fortrose, eldeit son of the Earl if Sea.
forth. Ile was born November 29, 1767, and married May
27, 1800, Lady Charlotte Primrose, eldest daughter of the
late and sister of the present Earl of Rosebery, by whOin he
leaves issue three sons and two daughters-namely, Lord
Howard, the Hon. Charles Howard, the Hon. and Rev.
William Howard, and the Ladies Charlotte and Arabella
Howard.

The Noble Earl succeeded to the Barony on the death of
his kinsman, Richard, last Earl of Effingham, as Lord Howard
of Effinghatn, but in 1837 the Earldom was created anew in
favour of the deceased.

personages
rtt
so: s
na.s
nnaodpf
cosalßti
His Lordship, who had been in the army nearly sixty
years, had eminently distinguished himself in that branch' of
the service. He entered the army as Ensign on the 21srof
April, 1786. From February, 1793, to May, 1795, his Lord-
ship served with the Guards on the Continent, and was present
at the affair of St. Amand, where he was wounded; 'at-the
siege and capture of Valenciennes, the action of Lincelles, and
siege of Dunkirk. Daring the rebellion in 1798 he served as
Major of Brigade in Ireland. He went in the same capacity
with the expedition to Holland in 1799, and was present in
all the actions of that campaign. In January, 1811, be
joined the army in the Peninsula under the Duke of Welling.
ton. Ile was appointed to the command of a brigade of the
Ist division, and was present with that body at the action-of
Fuentes d'Onor ; was transferred with his brigade' to the 2d
division, the command of which he held as senior officer from
July, 1811, to August, 1812. At the action of Arroyb_de
Molinos he particularly attracted the favourable notice of his
commanding officer (Lord Hill) by his determined gallantry.
He commanded on that occasion the right column, princi-
pally composed of infantry from the 50th, 71st, and 92d
Regiments, and a company of the 60th. In his dispatch to
the Duke (then Viscount) of Wellington, Lord Hill recom-
mends to his notice the bravery of the then Major-General
Howard in the highest terms. In November, 1812, he was
appointed to the command of the Ist Brigade of Guards in
the first division ; and in June in the following year-he suc-
ceeded to the entire command of that division of the army,
which he maintained to the end of the war, in 1814. He
was at the battle of Vittoria, the attack on Tolosa, at the
passage of the Bidassoa, and at Rivelle. He also rendered
great service at the Nive, and subsequently at 'Adour. The
Noble Earl was at the investment of Bayonne, and repulse
of the sortie, besides various affairs of minor importance. For
his services at Vittoria and the Nive he received a medal and
ono clasp.
The Noble Earl was for some years Colonel of the 70th
Foot, but on a vacancy occuring in the 3d (Buffs) in January,
1832,1 is Lordship was appointed to that regiment, which he
has held ever since. Ms commissions dated as follows
Ensign, April 21,- 1786 ; Captain, April 25, 1793 ; Lieu-
tenant-Colonel, December 30, 1797 ; Colonel, January 1,
1805 ; Major-General, July 25, 1810 ; Lieutenant-General
August 12, 1819 ; and General, January 10, 1837. Toll?
.cl.ce-
ceased Earl was a Knight Grand Cross of the Order_ .ttno.
Bath, and a Knight Commander of the Tower, and Sword
Portugal.
htw:oiee
political
Ears
distinction,aaraena.
18th of August, 1832,
rn the
23d of August 1806, and married the
of General Sir Gordon
eldest
Miss Eliza Drummond, only daug er
sonl,hae above-mentioned. titlev e - nowl en t devolvesio
Drummond, G.C.8., by whom h e has a youthful family,-Iris
been b • having born ineldest son, now Lord Howard,
ned.TohneLopreasen
Fe-
bruary, 1837.. His
and 1831, sat in the House of Commons as Member f
Lordship, durinHgottwheaPalrliaments of 1830
or New
Shoreham.
periodTThhee oCffa:ll:iinsi ieelisiefYeo
f the Earl and
are placed in mourning by the death of this respected No-
bleman.
first class of the Order of the Bath, become vacant his
by
Lordship'S dissolution.
The late Earl was in politics a Whig, but he has at no
'ofb)thrde
and Lady. Dalmeny, and severaCl,lineo

AIEFFIELD AN,D LINCOLN ItAILWAY.—The Mayor
of Lincoln has got himself into a scrape by refusing or
neglectingto answer some application &cm this CoCm-
pany, addressed to him in his official capacity. The
agents of tho Railway Company in question wrote to the
Mayor twice, :statinc, that as their line would pass ovqr,
lands belonging to the freemen of Lincoln, they were de-
sirous of having a meeting of the said freemen called, se
that some gentlemen on behalf of the Company rniglt
attend and give the necessary explanations. to the bodr.
His worship has never made the request known to the
freemen, nor has he ever acknowledged the receipt nfthe
letters.—Lineolnshi, e Advertiser. .

ROYAL HUMANE SOCIETY.—On Sunday morning,
a sermon in aid of the funds of this Institution; was
preached at St. Matthews' Chapel, Spring-gardens, by
the Rev. James Proctor, A. M., Vicar of Garthope, &c.'
The sum collected amounted to 21/. 9s. Bd.
MR. GROGAN'S BENEFIT.—The benefit or air,
Grogan, the box book-keeper of the Lyceum theatre, 'is,
fixed for Tuesday. The bill of fare Is most attractive.
In addition 'to the Trip to Kissengen,
one e
fe, and that best of bar-
t' the best of.
modern farces, A Model ofa
1 e united talents of theSeguins, the F.
lesques, Valentine and Ors:n,-W there
wil be a Iconcert,F
supported by t ,
Lzblaches, and the Messrs. Braharndun. Such a bill of
fare would alone be sufficient to secure a ctowded house;
but even were the entertainments less' attractive thin
they really are, the uniform civility and attention of Mr.
Grogan ought to noun ham a hunger,