The Sun.
London, England, 1842-12-30 00:00:00

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VAN BU,TCHELI: ON FISTULA, &c.
The Sixth Edition, enlarged,
Just
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ACTS and OBSERVATIONS relative to a
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' Morning Advertiser.
_ _

"'rem a perusal of this work it will be at once seen that the
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an what day of the week each
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COEBURN'S UNITED SERVICE MAGAZINE.—The
New Year offering a favourable opportunity for com-
mencing a periodical, we are bound to remind a large
class of her Majesty's subjects, that at the head of
those periodicals which furnish useful and valuable
information to their peculiar classes of readers, as
well as amusement to I'be general body of the public,
must be the United Service Magazine and Naval and
Military Journal. It numbers among its contributors
almost all those gallant spirits who have doLe no
less honour to their countrsr by their swords than
by their pens, and abounds with the most intereFling
discussions on Naval and Mlitary affairs, and stirring
narratives of deeds of arms, in all parts of the world.
Every information 0.4,7: value and interest to !Toth the
Services is caller; with the greatest diligence from,
every available source, and the correspondence of
various distinr4Dished officers which enrich its pages,
is a feature of great attraction. In short, the United
Semite 11.caga,ine can be recommended to every
reader - '..
who possesses that attachment to his country
which should make him look with the deepest interest
On it Naval and Military resources.

No. It was not Irish Parliamentary power that
was his difficulty. It 'was the temper of the Irish
peop!e • the millions who know of' English rule no-
thing. but its inimical tendency; who have no sympa-
thies in common with those rulers ; who have heard of
the wrongs arisinr, from a hostile domination, general
and local, but who have never heard of any benefits
derived from English rulers; who know that the
present Administration belongs to that party who
have, for centuries, oppressed their country and per-
sectited their religion ; who also know that from
English distress or difficulty opportunities may arise
for the assertion of Irish rights and the redress of
Irish grievances. •
Yes. It was from this temper and disposition of
mind of the Irish millions, that Peel felt the great
difficulty of his Administration would arise. It is
thence it now continues to arise.
-What T want now ig,tthat you should take part with
that people ; that you should soothe and conciliate
them. Ido not now speak to you of the restoration
of our domestic Parliament, although that would de-
stroy all the evil tendencies of the present system, and
amalgamate us all into-one people. My-present desire
is limited to obtaining your aid in seeking the repeal,
or, at least, the thorongh remodelling of the• Poor-law.
The people of the county of Cork have many causes
to complain of the great majority of their landed pro-
prietors, and of Peel's Administration that gives sup-
port and countenance to that majority. I will just
call to your minds some of their causes of complaint.
Let me try the numerical order.
Firstly—The rural population of your county
amounts to more than 750,000 souls. Yet the number of
electors does not exceed, and scarcely equals, 8,000 !
What a frightful picture does this not afford of your
unkindness and want of generosity as landlords !
Would it be posOble for the power of language to dis-
play evidence more condemnatory of your landlord-
hostility or stinginess to the occupying tenants of
your county than is afforded by this single fact ?
Three thousand persons only qualified to vote out of a
population •of 750,000! The law which has thus
enabled you to restrict the franchise, and the spirit
which has . induced to act upon that law, are, indeed,
melancholy proofs of the landlord animosity of your.
county to the people.
Secondly—Another exhibition of your landlord-
hostility towards the people of your county is to be
found in the opposition given by the resident propri-
etary of the county of Cork to the Government plan
of national education. The Catholics have no great
reason to. applaud that system ; yet it was so much
better than any former plan, that the people, with the
assent, in your diocese, of their clerry, very generally
availed themselves of it. What has been the conse-
quence ? Why, we hear it from the first authority
that not above ten national schools have been opened
by the Protestant proprietors in your
.moat extensive •
county. These were, of course, liberal Protestants;
and whilst the smallness of their number affords a
melancholy contrast with the greater multitude of
illiberals, it imposes a duty on the people to enhance
their gratitude to -the Liberals in the same, proportion.
But that iS not the point lam labouring at. I labour
to show how rancorous must be that hostility to the
people entertained by your landed gentry, which would
deprive that people of all chance of being educated
without danger to their religious belief. Those who
exhibit such hostility are not at all aware of its perni-
cious, though secret, effects Avon the, minds of the
general population.
Thirdly—But it does not. rest there.... You not only
discourage education wneu unconneeted with prosely-
tism, but you carry on a direct crusade ..against the
religion of the people. You wield your landlord
influence and power in that unholy warfare. The
compultory process is used in the vain, but irritating, •
endeavour to make proselytes. That process is more "
successful in compelling your Catholic tenants to
send their children to the school called Protestant;
A bitter infliction upon the unhappy tenantry ! And
then, again, your " Scripture-readers," and " Tract-
distributors," and the entire bent of your disposition
is adverse to Catholicity ; and the thousand shapes in
which that adverse feeling is exhibited towards, and
reciprocally felt by the people; the Protestant pre-
ferences in all dealings, and the inferiority which the
Catholic peasant experiences, both at petty sessions
and in the other manifestations of Magisterial autho • '
rity. The vexatious power which the " Wilful Tres-
pass Act," alone gives, would, in order to make it
tolerable, require the utmost mildness and impartiality.
In short, in all the incidents of life, the Catholic
people feel deeply the effects of your unfriendly dis- '
position. I much apprehend you are furnishing the
materials for a slumberin,-, volcano. The surface is -
smooth and tranquil. Buethere may be fermenting
underneath the materials of a most destructive ex-
plosion.
Fourthly—Let me put a suppositious case. Let
me suppose that which, I thank Heaven, is impossible
ever to be realised—let me suppose that there were •
selected for the highest offs fie in your county a noble- •
man or gentleman, who, however amiable in private
life, was bigoted in his political and religious animosity
to Protestants and Protestantism. If the Magisterial
bench were crowded with similar enemies to Protest• •
ants and Protestantism,. if all the Government
countenance, and every Government preference were
given to persons of similar sentiments, and if such
preference were aggravated by insulting pretences to
great liberality ; if the Judges of the land, in whose
hands should be the lives and fortunes of you all, were

to be selected for having spent lengthened years in
bitter opposition to Protestant education—if men were
to be selected who had proclaimed that the Protestants
were perjurers in principle and in practice, idolators
or infidels, if Protestants and Protestantism had been
treated in this manner—need I ask what impression
would be made on the minds of the Protestant people
of Ireland ? What would be the temper of . that
people ? How they would laugh to scorn- the hypo-
crites who, in such a state of affitirs, should indulge in
maudlin pretexts of liberality and justice? Would
the Protestant volcano then slumber ?

Do but reflect. Turn these things in your minds,
and look back to the fate and destruction of empires
as recorded in history ; and with me then zealously
exert yourselves to avert events which, if they once ,
occur, will go far beyond human control.
Fifthly—To return to the immediate burdens upon
the land. Recollect there are such things as rack,
rents, which, of course, are payable by the occupiers.
of the soil. Add to these the heavy county charges
which are enormously increased and increasing. The
roads—the bridges—the sessions houses—the court
houses—the police stations—the prisons—the expenses
of prosecutions—the police charge—in
,short, . the
multitudinous burdens for which our counties arc
payable by the occupy-be forgotten—must have
in mortgaged,
tenant
NNa,
who
—let
lel
ti ciht anreev
earl l
land or must die ! Turn in your minds the curious
contrast, the centralisation, in one spot, of all the
power, and authority, and wealth-dispensation of the
Government, but no centralisation' of the multitudi-
nous burdens which are carefully localised in Ireland ;
thus placing upon our unhappy country as much as
possible of the expenses of the
machine of the State,
-
with as little as possible of State advantages or State
emoluments. But, above all things, carry with you
the recollection that these burdens are all borne by
the occupying tenants, who, in their necessary eager-
ness to possess land, are nut able to shift the load upon
their landlords.
Sixthly--But, before all, recollect that the whole
burden of the Established Church—the Church of not
amalgamated with the rents. The tithe now composes
one-tenth of the Irish people--is now mixed up and
part of the rent which the tenant pays; it is true that
in general he does not pay it to the parson himself;
but you cannot possibly imagine that the Irish peasant
is ignorant that a portion of his rent goes into the
man, whom he thus
ps
no
pc kp
ore t t ofs,
ast h
he
cid' reoetse shtiasnitayc llearngdi
'ord. The tithes were
considered by that peasant as an accursed thing. Is it
safe or prudent to have the Irish peasant conceive
that his rent shares the maledictory taint ? Are not all
these materials for thinking, especially with the facts
stated by the Rev. Mr. Nolan, staring you in the. face?
Would to Heaven that I could induce the landlords of
Ireland to make peace with the Irish people, instead of
aggravating pressing evils by contumelious treatment
land the bitterness of bigOted oppression !
Seventhly—l come to apply all these reflections to
the question more immediately before us—that of the
Poor-laws. It would be easy to deal with those laws
if they were tq be introduced amongst a peasantry

1 who had no other grievances to complain of, and no
partisan hostility to render them dissatisfied and sus-
picious. But you must take them as you find them,
with every other cause of complaint existing; with
the burden of the county cess ; with the payment of
the tithe rent charge; with the religious animosity
and irritating zeal of an antagonist creed. You must
also prepare yourselves for the perpetual recurrence
of a new poor-rate after poor-rate ! If it were but one
payment, it might be enforced ; but it is the repetition
of the enforcement that will increase your difficulties
into an impossibility.
See how the difficulties will multiply. The harsh
conduct of the Commissioners, the suspicion of their
partisan feeling, the proofs of their bitter bigotry,
will increase the odium attached to this tax. Then
the poor-houses are, it seems, becoming the legitimate
successors of the Charter Schools for the maintenance
of orphans to be brought up Protestants; although
the desertion of a child in this country is, to a think-
ing mind, rather a strong proof of the utter poverty of
the parent, and, therefore, of that parent's belonging
to the religion of the poor in Ireland.
Another fearful consequence of the continuance of
the Poor-law in Ireland is its necessary creation of a
pauper and helpless population. There are in Dublin,
between the two workhouses, at the present moment,
at least from 1,500 to 1,600 persons between the ages
of 10 and 18, having no friends and relations to fall
back upon, or to take them out of the workhouse.
What is to become of these ? What is to become of
the accumulation of similar persons from the daily re-
ception of others into the house ? What is to bccome
of this " workhouse family," ineiteasing as they yearly
,ust, in tens, in huthireds. audin-t.1....,.Anit. a ,yearly
'• bee

•
is to .come of them ? Are they to be sent out to too.:
for employment ? Alas! there is but too little em-
ployment for those who are out already! Are they
to be dismissed and bidden to 'go look for wages ?
Alas! there are but too little wages for those who
are already seeking them, without ever having
gone into the poor-house ! Are they to live
" from the cradle to the grave" within the walls
of the workhouse ? It may be said the males
may enlist as they become adults, to furnish
soldiers to our armies. In this respect the experi-
ment has already been tried in the Charter Schools,
and totally failed. There never were enough of their
inmates possessed of manly vigour to constitute a cor-
poral's guard. And yet they were brought up with
the advantages of open air and free exercise. But the
male and female youth brought up in the imprison-
ment of the workhouse will become driftless and un-
fit for any .pursuit that requires labour and exertion.
The plant reared in the dark never acquires the green-
ness and vigour of fertile nature. This unhappy poor-
house population, totally disconnected from friends,
relatives, or motives for exertion, will display in the
moral world, what the plant brought up in the dark
displays in the physical.
. This is a frightful prospect of a necessarily aig-
menting pauper population : a new class created in
society; idle, useless, driftless !
Another menacing consequence of the continuance
of the Poor-laW in Ireland, must necessarily be the
giving of an absolute right to the paupers to be ad-
mitted into the poor house. It has passed unnoticed
that our worthy Poor-law Commissioners have strongly
urged, in three of their reports, that persons should
be prevented from begging in Ireland ; and Lord
Morpeth had at one time undertaken to bring in a
Bill for . the Suppression of Mendicity. This, of
course, could not be done without giving to every
pauper an absolute right to claim and obtain relief in
the poor-houSe. If this law should pass, it would 1,
be .necessary to erect another workhouse in Cork,
and at least two more in Dublin.

And if the Poor-law contiuues, "to this complexion
we must come at last."

Another necessary consequence of the continuance
-of the Poor-law in Ireland, must be the giving of out-
door relief; especially if mendicancy be suppressed.
In that case, out-door relief must, of course, be given
in all pressing cases. But after all it is monstrous to
talk of a Poor-law without out-door relief. If there
be a principle at all in the Poor-law, it must extend
itself to giving relief to all who want it, whether in
the poor-house or out of the poor-house.
Had not this letter run to such a length, there are
many other points relative to 'the Poor-law that I
should touch on, inore especially to illustrate the dif-
ficulties which must arise in levying an universal
Poor-rate. I deeply deplore that I cannot discover means
of avoiding the inevitable conviction that the Poor-
law will be in Ireland what Talleyrand called "the
beginning of the end." It will be, in my opinion, the
last drop in the filling up of the waters of bitterness
to make them overflow the land. It will give to
Whiteboyism and to Ribbonism another and a most
melancholy feature. It will give the last worst phases
to the agarian system of disturbance; flick warfare
between landlord and tenant.

Shall you-ask what is my remedy ? My remedy
would be the restoration to Ireland of her nationality
—of her domestic Legislature. Ireland is, by nature
and natural advantages, the richest country in the
world; the best situate for commerce and manufac-
tures; infinitely the most productive of all the neces-
saries of life. It therefore appears to me plain as the
clearest demonstration, that her people are poor and
wretched only, because they are not well-governed ;
and above all, because in the present system of the
Union, the resources of Ireland are drained out of her
as fast as they spring up.
But there some of you whom I do not now expect
to make converts to that national sentiment. There
are, alas ! amongst you many that are pationless ; as I
fear there are some who are creedless, save only
in a creed of hate. I cannot, therefore, expect to
make you love Ireland, or to become Irishmen. All
that belongs to another (and I trust not a distant) day.
I, therefore, must propose to you my present re-
medies. They are two—with an alternative.

My first is; the total repeal of the present Poor-
law. Ireland was not worse before the Poor-law was
enacted than she is at present.
My second is, to follow up that repeal by aug-
menting the present medical charities, and extending
the same principle to the multiplication and manage-
ment of other charities.

Or, in lieu of both—and if we are to have a Poor-
On NV :

To make the poor-rate an income-tax—all persons
to be exempt who have not an income of 5001. per
annum. 'The Poor-rate to be, say 1 per cent. upon
5001. a-year, and to augment in proportion as the in-
come augment's, until, if necessary, it should be 50
per cent. upon the enormous incomes of absentee pro-
prietor 3.
An experiment of this description, but not carried
out to the extent which I propose, has mitigated the
horrors of the tithe system.
Let it be distinctly understood that I propose no
man should pay poor-rate who has not 5001. a-year ;
but that the owner of 5001. a-year should pay 1 per
cent., and that such per centage should increase in
ths ratio of one for every additional hundred per an-
num. The actual per centage, however, could not be
an essential part of my plan. The principle of that
plan is, to exempt all persons under 5001. a-year ; and
to levy the poor-rate by a graduated income-tax uuon
every person having that income, with an accumula-
ting ratio for greater incomes.
It is quite clear that no violent resistance, no insur-
rectionary movement, would be created by the plan
which I propose. It is the wealthy alone who would,
on my plan, be compelled to support the paupers.
And the self-interest of that class, with the power
which naturally belongs to them from their station in
the State, would effectually protect them from the
faults and the follies of the Poor-law Commissioners.

I have only to add these two sentences :
Firstly—That I am ready to attend any day in
January before the 22d, in the City of Cork, to meet
any of my constituents who may,desire to confer with
me upon the subject of Poor-laws, or to obtain my
assistance in Parliament to promote their views.
Secondly—That I have heard that the Government,
s 9 far from checking the authority of our worthless
Poor-law Commissioners, is actually mad enough to
think of placing under their control the medical
charities of Ireland. That is to say, in other words,
to annihilate nine-tenths of our medical charities !

I have the honour to be,
My Lords and Gentlemen,
Your faithful humble servant,
. DANIEL O'CONNELL.

DETERMINED SUlClDE.—Wednesday morning, be-
tween nine and ten o'clock, the following determined
suicide was committed by Mr. John Sowerby,
highly respectable master butcher, who for some years
past resided in Farringdon-market, Farringdon street,
by drawing himself in the Paddington-canal. It ap-
pears, from the statement of two labouring men, that
they were walking on the foot-path of the canal, at
the above-mentioned hour, when they observed the
unfortunate man jump into the canal; they hast,ened
with all speed to his assistance, but he imindi2tely
sunk; they. rushed into the water, and after a quarter
of an hour, they found the body. Every exertion was
used to restore him, but without effect. The body
was removed to Paddington station-house to await a
Coroner's inquest.

BIRMINGHAM, WEDNESDAY. —The delegates as-
sembled again last night, when the Chairman com-
menced- the business by reading to the meeting two
letters, one.-from Mr. Sharman Crawford, who had
deputed his son to attend on his behalf; and referring
to a pamphlet which.he had just published, entitled
" A Defence of the Rights of the Working Classes,"
for an exposition of his views with respect to the pre-
sent movement, The second letter was from Mr.
Daniel O'Connell, addressed to Joseph Sturge, Esq.,
and was to the following effect :
" Darrynane Abbey, Dec. 22.
"My respected Friend,—Your letter, requiring to
know whether I could attend in Birmingham at the
meeting of delegates for carrying out the principles of
the Complete Suffrage Association, has been followed
by the draft of the Bill for that purpose, which draft
reached me only this morning.
" With respect to the first point—namely, my at-
tendance at the Conference, I have, on the fullest con-
sideration, determined not to go there. Do not ima-
gine, however, that this refusal results from my want
of zeal in the cat se of Universal Suffrage. No such
thing. lam thoroughly convinced that every man of
legal age, who does not forfeit his right by crime.
or id;otcy, has, by the principles of the British
• Constitution, a distinct, inextinguishable right to
vote for a representative in the Commons' House
of Parliament. lam convinced that such right on
the part of every male adult is to the full as complete
as the right of any member of the House of Peers to
the privilege of peerage; or as the right of our gra-
cious Oueen to the throne. The only difference is,
tlat an practice the tifd- fatter- Srein-7ficii-vigoor,
perhaps somewhat superfluously so; while the former
—the suffrage right—is curtailed, and restricted, and
mutilated; thus creating, where all should be free-
men, a distinct and separate slave class, who, by
iniquitous laws, and more iniquitous practices, have
been robbed of their natural birthright, and are essen-
tially slaves.
" I am ';he friend of the slave class in every clime
and coun;:ry ; but more especially in the British
dominions.

" I am also the most decided advocate for the voting
by ballot; the best, if not the only mode of prevent-
irg corrupt and criminal practices at elections.
" I also concur in the other points proclaimed by
the Complete Suffrage Association ; that.concurrenee,
however, is created by my sacrificinc, my own opinion
of a preference of triennial to annualL Parlian.ents, to
my sincere desire of producing unanimity of exertion
amongst all friends of a real, substantial, and radical
reform of Parliament.

" The reason why I am thus distinct in once more
stating my political creed is, because I cam answer for
it, that the overwhelming majority of the people of
Ireland go with me upon these points, and that they
will co-operate with their English br4her Reformers
in all legal and peaceable means, but in no other, for
obtaining a fair, free, and complete representation of
the people in Parliament.
" The great reason why I do not consent to attend
the meeting at Birmingham is because I have con-
vinced myself that I ought rather to be a spectator of
than an actor in your approachinc, exertions. I have
been personally so hostile to tbat class called 'physical
force Chartists —I have been sa unjustly and, indeed,
so absurdly calumniated by their writers, that I have
brought- myself to believe, though perhaps without
any sufficient foundation, that any efforts I could
make for conciliation and to produce harmony might
be defeated, and that my presence might tend to di-
minish the prospects of concord and co-operation
which are so necessary for the success of your just
demands.

" Besides, it is to be apprehended that there are
too many other causes of strife and contention be-
between the more ardent and violent of the Chartist
party and the more placid and mild portion of the
Complete Suffrage Association. If I could throw oil
upon the troubled Waters, so as that, the ark of British
liberty might float in tranquil grandeur on the poli-
tical wave, I should attend at once and at any sacri-
fice ; and if, after the meeting has been organised, you
should be of opinion that my attendance would be of
any possible use to the great cause, I will, with the
rapidity of steam, place myself amongst you.
" I do most anxiously desire that the spirit of peace,
harmony, conciliation, and concord may reign in the
Convention ; that you, may there have the means and
the opportunity of considering and adopting the best
modes of ensuring success. My entire conviction is,
that without co-operation between the middle, and
what is called the lower, that is, the poorer or working
class, you cannot possibly succeed, and perhaps you
ought not. Whether you ought, or not, the concur-
rence of the middle classes is, in my judgment, most
essentially necessary towards obtaining the right of
suffrage for the operative classes. Recent events have
proved to demonstration the essential importance of
the middle classes in any struggle fot the amelioration
of political institutiont. I know that 'it was the co-
operation of the middle classes that enabled the people
of Ireland to achieve Catholic emancipation. I know
that it was the co-operation of the middle classes that
enabled the people of England to obtain the first step
in the march of Parliamentary reform. I see
before my eyes at the present moment _ the
irresistible progress of the middle class towards the
total aboLion of all taxes upon human food.
How anxiously, therefore, do I desire to see a
combination between the middle and operative classes
for the attainment of radical Reform. If that combi—
nation takes place, the aristocratic classes, who have
hitherto insulted and trampled upon the people, will be
scattered like chaff before the wind ; and the honest
and just principles of democratic liberty will pervade,
ameliorate, and ennoble all the institutions of the
State. Let me then conjure all the friends of peace-
able and rational liberty to use every possible exertion
to constitute, to combine, and to consolidate the ope-
rative and middle classes, If that can be done, the
materials of complete and immediate success are in
your hands, a success unstained by violence or critte—
a success deserving the praise of good men—a success
deserving I hope the approbation of all good men.
The meeting at Birmingham is a glorious oppor-
tunity for working out these purposes. That op-
portunity may be thrown away. It may be soiled,
stained, and destroyed ; but the spirit that will
work .among the best part of the members of the Con-
ference will survive; and even at the worst it will
afford an opportunity of separating the chaff from the
good seed. But let me not anticipate evils which
may be merely imaginary ; .and let me trust and hope
that any discordant element may soon evaporate,
leaving nothing behind but kindly feelings and cordial
disposition to unanimity in the service of our country.
It may be said, by way of discouragement, that the
present Administration, over which the Duke of Wel-
lington and Sir Robert Peel presides, being composed
of men strongly inimical to Reform, there is no chance
of their acceding to any measure approaching to uni-
versal suffrage._ There are, however, two facts con-
nected with the leaders of this Administration which
show that they are inspired with a more pliable dispo-
sition. The first of those facts is, that the Duke of
Wellington and Sir Robert Peel were selected by
George the Fourth as the leaders of an Administration
framed for the express purpose of continuing the laws •
by which the Catholics were excluded from the Con-
stitution; yet that very Administration, with these
identical leaders, totally repealed these excluding laws.
The second fact is, that the landlords of England have
forced into power, in despite of the Queen, the came
Duke of Wellington and Sir Robert Peel, for the ex-
press and proclaimed purpose ofpreserving in full vigour
the .Corn-laws. Yet there are most unequivocal evi-
dences already exhibited to the public that this same
Duke of Wellington and this same Sir R. Peel will
totally repeal those same Corn-laws. These are most en-
couraging facts; they demonstrate that, unless some
feud, some violence, some selfish desertion ruin our
present prospects, there exists every probability, at no
remote period, of vindicating and establishing the '
rights of the people at large. With respect to the
draft of the Act of Parliament, I will return it,
suggesting some alterations, which, I believe, will be
improvements. But, in any event, it will be difficult to
amalgamate the case of Ireland with that of England
and Scotland. There are-two objections to the inclu-
sion of Ireland in the same Bill with Great Britain.
The first is a technical one, and relates to there being
no such machinery for the registry of voters in Ireland
as in Grea; Britain. There are not in Ireland any parish
overseers az in England, nor any parish schoolmasters
as in Seotlaad, though there are schools in almost every
parish. The expression " parish schoolmaster " would
in Ireland be either too vague,matter or infer, as of
law, a schoolmaster employed by the Protestant clergy-
man. Of these there arc but a few, and there are
still fewer to whom it would be safe to entrust any
political duty with reference to the elective franchise.
The second objection arises from matter of substance.-
The millions in Ireland who are anxious for Universal
Suftrage aye much more solicitic'us for the restoration
of the Irish Parliament. They are convinced that, in
the present state of the property and population of
Ireltml, a local Legislature is essentially necessary for
the peace and prosperity of this country. In this opi-

I. nion I am bound tp say I n-ick.
concur. We Irish are not t
British people in working our _..„ ..„Lrage
every male adult, Complete Suffrage 6 being the only
honest basis upon which 'either, our Parliament or
yours should be founded.
" I have the honour to be, with sincere regard and
respect, your faithful friend and servant,
"DANIEL O'CONNELL.
"To Joseph Sturge, Esq."
The meeting then proceeded to elect nine delegates
to form a Committee to decide on the claims of par.
ties, the legality or honesty of whose elections had
been questioned by the Council.
Mr. THOMAS BEGGS, of Nottingham, then proposed
the following resolutions :
"1. That this Conference, convened in conformity
with a resolution passed at the first Complete Suffrage
ConTei•ence held at Birmingham, April 5:1-8th, 1842,
and having for its paramount object the, consideration
of the necessary details of a Bill embodying the prin-
ciples then agreed upon—viz., the -extension of the
suffrage to all male adults, not deprived of the rights
of citizenship by a verdict of a jury of their country-
men—vote by ballot, equal -electoral districts, aboli-
tion of a property qualification for Members ofTar-
liament, payment of Members for their services, and
annual Parliaments, do now declare its adoption of
these principles, pledges itself to employ such means
only for obtaining the legislatiVe recognition of them
as are of a strictly just, peaceful, legal, and constitu-
tional character ; and will forthwith proceed to fulfil
the mission with which it has been entrusted, resolved
to support their chairman in preventing the introduc-
tion of any propositions not in accordance therewith.
" 2. That,- 'as this Conference will resist the intro-
duction of any topics not obviously relevant to its
main design, so it also disclaims all interfe.rence with
existing organisations, recognising as its paramount
duty the arriving, if possible; at a cordial agreement
in reference to the object towards which peaceful agi-
tation may be directed.

" 3. That this Conference,
.agreeable to resolution 17,
Passed at the first Conference, is prepared to receive
and to consider all documents which may be laid be-
fore it, and which may be supposed to contain rn
embodiment of the necessary details for s.vorking out
the principles already recognised.
", 4. That the documents so to be presented. to this
-Cenference=be taken. into consideration at the opening
of our next session, by a Committee consisting of the
whole body of delegates. And that the Committee
belnstructed to observe the following rules :—First,
That the Bill to be presented by the Council of the
-biatii,note.-Sinfrage Union be taken as the
basis 0: diseuision.' Secondly—' That each clause
as it is read shall be considered pari pussu, with the
correlative clauses of the other documeiits."fhirdly—
' That all amendments be handed up to the chairman
in writing.'
Mr. J. DUNLOP, of Edinburgh; seconded the adop-
tion of the 'resolution.

Mr. LOVETT moved as an amendment to the fourth
resolution, to the effect " That the Bill or document
he yntitl,:!tl The People's Charter,' instead of 'The
Bill to be presented by the Council of the National
Complete Suffrage Union.'" •
Mr. F. O'CoxNoa seconded the amendment, when
the meeting adjourned till the following morning.
This morning (Wednesday) both parties Po.isernbled
to try the question of the " Bill" or the " Charter."

Mr. LSVETT reStlillt'd the question of the previous
evening, by asking Mr. Beggs whether he hid re-
considered his motjon, and would give in his adhesion
to the amendment ? But Dr. Ritchie said that the

"Hon. Member" was clearly out of order in putting
such a question. Mr. Lovett replied, that such being
the case, • he would re-move his amendment, which he
did amidst cheering from the O'Connor party.
He said that he had made up his mind to keep to his
amendln,nit, -which was worded as follows :
" That the document entitled the People's Charter,'
embracing all the essential details of just and equal
representation, couched in plain and definite language,
capable, of being understood and appreciafed by the
great mass of the people, for whose guyertunted and
fruidance all laws ought to be written,—that measure
having* been before the public for the List five years,
formiug the basis of the present agitation in favour of
the suffrage, and for seeking to secure the legal
enactment of which vast numbers have suffered im-
prisonment, transportation, and death, has, hi the
opinion of this meeting, a prior claim
.over -all other
documents professing to- embrace the principles of
just representation. It is therefore resolved, that we
proceed to discuss the different sections of the People's
Charter, in order to ascertain whether any improve-
ment can be made in it, and what these improvements
shall be, it being necessary to make that document as
clear and perfect as possible."
Mr. P. O'CoNNoa did not think the result of the
amendment would create so much division as was an-
ticipated. %On the contrary, he thought it would tend
most materially to unite all thoiie who were the ad-
vocates of sound principle and consistency against a
few weak and feeble men, who were without any
principle or consistency whatever.—(Chzers.)

,
Dr:RITCUIE denied that the Confei•enc,!e.bad ever
adopted the Charter, and complained of the,diL;honest
course pursued by the mover and seeondt:e of the
amendment. They had never adopted the Charter,
and they never would.
The I.ev. Tnom.,ks SPENCER, of Bath, contended
that there was no reason why they should be bound
by a document which had been brought forward five
years ago, whilst another document equal), embrac-
ing the fire points of the Charter, and possessing va-
rious improvements, could be advocated by, every
reasonable and honest man.

Mr. RonEtta' SUMMERS, of Newton-Stewart, begged
to submit an amendment; which he hoped would meet
the difficulty and enable them to take the: two mea-
sures into consideration. Mr. Summers then proposed
his motion, to the effect that both liflls, with Major
Cartwright's Bill, and any others that might be
thought necessary, should be referred to the Confer-
ence, and the clauses of each considered pari passu,
and such amendments made. as might be considered
essential to the well-being of all.
The CHAIRMAN thought that one of the resolu-
tions, submitted last night, fully met the views of the
speaker. •
Mr. BRomE, a delegate from Scotland, seconded
the resolution.

Mr. MAGAN wished to set the meeting right with
respect to a few facts in reference to the Bill of the
Complete Suffrage Council. Mr. Lovett stated that
he had not seen it, but the opportunity had been af-
forded him had he chosen to avail himself of it. A
copy of the document would be placed in the hands of
each delegate the moment it was decided to take it
into consideration.

Mr. LOVETT said he had never seen the Bill till it
had been prepared.

Mr. BuEwSTEtt, with a view to promote a good un-
derstanding and secure unanimity, begged to move
that the Bill prepared by the Council, being founded
on the People's Charter, and embodying its principles,
it is unnecessary to discuss any other document.
The amendment of Mr. Brewster having been se-
conded, the discussion was continued till one o'clock,
when the debate was adjourned till the afternoon sitting.

BIRTII.-At Coombe Abbey, on the 24th inst.,
the Countess cf Craven, of a daughter.

MRS. TROLLOPE'S NEW WORK, IN MONTHLY
PARTS.-It appeats that Boz is not to come into the
field on the opening of the new year without a rival.
Mrs. Trollope commences on the Ist of January the
publication, in Monthly Shilling Parts, of her long--
considered tale illustrative of the New Poor-law. It
is entitled " Jessie Phillips," and report speaks of it
as likely, by its resistless appeals to the common
sense, as well as the imagination of the reader, to do
more towards strengthening the public feeling against
that already unpopular law, than all the reasoningS
and arguments of all the casuists cif the public press
have done since its enactment. What this celebrated
writer is capable of doing with a subject of this na-
ture, was shown in her " Factory Buy"—one of the
most powerful and pathetic stones of the day ; and
the present subject is one of equal promise—with
this vast difference in its favour, that it appeals to the
sympathies as welt as the interesta of an incomparably
larger number of persons.—Evening paper.

LADY HESTER, STANHOPE.—This lady was un-
doubtedly one of the most remarkable personages of
our times, and the interest her name once excited
will be again revived by the announced Publication of
her letters-in Colburn's New Monthly Magazine. We
have heard that her correspondence shows-the extra-
ordinary disposition of this very extraorilinarc woman,
the wonderful dominion she for a lon7 time exercised
over the Arabs of the Desert, and all her eccentrici-
ties and adventures, in a manner.no lesss original than
entertaining; and from such materials only can the
reader hope to obtain a knowledge of her ;:cr;:onal
history, of which, although much has Icon said, very
little has been kno‘Nn, in consequence of her living for
a considerable time altogether retired from European
observation, in a secluded residence, situated in a re-
mote corner of the mountains of Syria, where she en-
joyed all the honours of an Eastern Empress. It has
also been stated that Lady Stanhope's Leiters, in ad-
dition to some singular revelations relating to her own
private • lire contain many personal anecdotes of certain
distinguished members of the noble circle in which
she once moved.

IN•DRURY-L2lNE.—Wednesday nioht between
six and seven o'clock an alarming fire broke out in the
manufactory of M. Hover, a paper-stainer, opposite
Brornitiw. street, Drury-lane. it originated in the
dryinoznii,' and spread with zreat rapidity. Infor-
mation was soon, forwarded to- the fire•qations, and
v;?ry quickly ati.erwards the enghles from High
HolhOrn, Chandostreet,
ar-
rived, when the firemen with
and Fariingden-str.r.et,
their usual exertions
were soon cuabled to arrest the progress of the :lames,
but not until a great portion of the
.stock was de-
stroyed. Mr. Hover is insured in the County Fire-
office.

By THOMAS EIGOLDSBY, Esq.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.
To be had at all the Libraries.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAY-MARKET.
THIS EVENING. DEC. 30,
Will be repated the New Drama, called GRAND-
7ATHER WHITEHEAD. Grandfather Whitehead, Mr.
W. Farren ; Drayton, (a Builder), Mr. Tilbury ; Langley, (a
Retired Trader), Mr. Stuart ; Driver, (a Lawyer), 14lr.
Strickland; Bob Lincoln, (his Clerk), Mr. Webster; Snap,
M Clark ; Edward Drayton (Drayton's Son), Master George
Webster; Louisa Drayton, Mrs. Edwin Yarnold ; Susan,
(Servant to Langley ), Mrs. Stanley.

After which, Tfi E. DONA GEn. Lord Alfred Lyndsay,
Mr. Charles Mathews ; Dowager Countess of Tresilian, Madame
Vestris.

To be followed by the Drama of THE BASTILE. Louis
Quatorze, Mr. H. Holl ; Fricandeau, Mr. Webster ; the
Duchess de Montbazon, Alin Charles; Ninon Labatte, Ma-
dame Celeste.

To conclude with a Grand Comical Burlesque Bur-
letta, called RIQUET, WITH THE TUFT. Prince
Itiquet, with the Tuft, Mr. Charles Mathews ; Green-horn
the Great, Mr. James Bland; Prince Finikin, Miss Charles;
The Princess Emeralda, Madame Vestris.

PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 30,
Will be repeated a New Domestic Drama, entitled SHE'S
NOT TO BLAME, in which Miss Amelia Mercer, from the
Theatre Royal, York, will perform.
ACter which, THE WELSH RABBIT. The Principal
Characters by Mr. J. S. Balls, Mr. Salter, and 'Miss E. Stanley.
To conclude with a New Fairy burlesque burletta, entitled
THE YELLOW DWARF. Principal characters by Mr.
Oxberry, Mrs. Anderson, Miss Noel, Madle. Melanie Duval,
and M. Deneze, who will make their first aFpearance in this
country in the incidental ballet.
Places and Private Boxes to be had at the Theatre, and at al!
the principal Libraries.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELpf
" Yankee Notes" a decided hit—Best Pantomime in London.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 30,
Will be repeated the new Rurletta, entitled THE MER-
CHANT AND HIS CLERKS. The principal characters
by Messrs. Lyon, 0. Smith, Paul Bedford, Wright, Maynard,
Wieland, Miss Chaplin, Miss L;rouks, and Mrs. P. Grattan.
After which, a New Farce, called YANKEE NOTES FOR
ENGLISH CIRCULATION. Principal Characters. by Mr.
Rice (the celebrated representative of Negro Character),
Messrs. Wright, Wilkinson, Maynard', Mesdames H. P. Grat-
tan, H. Beverley, and Chaplin.
To conclude with a New Christmas Pantomime, called THE
CHILDREN IN THE WOOD; or, HARLEQUIN AND
NOBODY. Harlequin, Mr. Frampton ; Anti •Clown (No-
body), Mr ieland ; Clown, Mr. H. Beverly ; Pantaloon,
Mr. Sanders Co umbine, ;Thu Buliin.

80xe5,44 Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. Doors open at half-past
Six, commence at seven o'clock.

DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY TIitATRE.
As usual, the most magnificent Pantomime in London—A ter-
rific hit ! Acknowledged by audiences crammed to the ceiling
....-Superb Dresses—Splendid Scenery —.Unequalled Appoint-
ments.

THIS EVENING, DEC. 30,
Will be repeated a New Drama, entitled RICHARD
SAVAGE, in which Messrs. Hughes, Hicks, R. Honner,
J. Webster, Neville, Smith, Mrs. R. Honner, Mrs. H. Vining,
Miss Terrey, &c., &c., will perform.
After which, a New Grand Fairy Partomime, with splendid
Scenery, Dresses, Tricks, Mechanical Changes, and Appoint-
ments, to be called HARLEQUIN PUCK; or, THE EN-
CHANTED STATUE OF THE CHRYSTAL FOUN-
TAIN. Harlequin, Mr. Harvey; Clown, Mr. C. Montgo-
mery; Pantaloon, Mr. T. Blanchard; Columbine, Miss M. R.
Fairbrother. The effects will exceed everything hitherto
attempted.
Messrs. Sams, Mitchell, Andrews, and Seguin, are Agents
for Private Boxes during the run of the Pantomime.
Places and private Boxes to be had of Mr. J. Kerschner, at
the Box-office, from eleven to four.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, DEC. 29.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 35 ; Highest, 51 : Noon, 50.

BAROMETER, 30.21.-WIND, W.
NOTE.--The number 32 on the Thermometer denotes
the freezing point, and 55 temperate. In Barometers
fair is usually placed opposite 30, and rain at 29.

- - ---
ill(itt .TER AT LONDON BRIDJE THIS DAY.4l,rning .... 15 minutes after 0 I Evening ... 5:2 minutes after 0.

n.

LONDON
FRIDAY MORNING. DECEMBER 30, 1842.

It is said that the great Tory landlords have
been applying the screw to Sir B. PEEL, which
is rendered highly probable by the al-
tered language which landed gentleman now
use at agricultural meetings. They are putting
a bold face on their injustice, and areitesolved to
bully the public, while in private they in_
sinuate their wishes and their threats to Sir

Now ready, in 2 vols. post tivo., with characteristic Illustra-

tions by Leecb,
T HE WASSAIL BOWL
By ALBERT SMITH, Esq.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.
To be had at all the Libraries.

Now ready, in one vol. post Bvo.' with Illustrations by Leech,
THE SECOND SERIES OF
THE INGOLDSBY LEGENDS
Or, MIRTH AND MARVELS.

Now ready, in 3 vols. Bvo, with Portraits,
THE COURT OF ENGLAND,
UNDER THE HOUSES OF NASSAU AND
HANOVER.

By J. HENEAGE JESSE, Esq.,
uthor of" Memoirs of the Court of England during the Reign
of the Stuarts."
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street
( Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty).

AINSWORTH'S MAGAZIME.
Price Half-a-Crown.

Contents of the JANUARY N UMBER :
WINDSOR CASTLE,
An Historical Romance.
By W. HARRISON AINSWORTH.
Book ll.—Chapters 1., IL, 111., and IV.
With Two Illustrations on Steel, by GEO. CRUIKSUANK,
And Woodcuts by W. ALFRED DELAMOTTE.
A Legend of Normandy. By the Baroness de Calabrella.
My Dream at Hop-Lodge. By Laman Blanchard.
The Consecrationof King Henry's Weapons. By John Oxenford.
The Dying Poet to his Wife. By Charles Hervey.
Astrology and Alchemy. By Camilla Toulmin.
State and Prospects of the Legitimate Drama in China. By
Charles W. Brooks.
On Our Late Success in India. By M. Y. W.
Three Days Lost in Taurus. By W. Francis Ainsworth.
A Scene during the Early Pat t of the French Revolution.
By Miss Skelton.
A Charade. By Naeck Esmiryn.
The Monastery of L'Avernia. By the Hon. C. Stuart Savile.
The Adventures of Ganderfield, the Borehater. By A
Crotchety Man.
Old Parl's Ghost ; a Legend of Wexford. By Charles Hervey.
The Sick Child. By the Hon. Julia Augusta Maynard.
'• Working up Junk." By John Barrow.
On Seeing an Advertisement of the Intended. Retirement cf
an Eminent Firm, By Mrs. Gore.
The Serious Miller. By Dudley Costello.
A Venetian Romance : Part 11. By Edward Kenealy.
Old German Ballad. By Margaret Scott.
New Year's Eve. By M. Y. NV.
THE ELLISTON PAPERS. .
Edited by GEORGE RAYMOND.
Chapters V. and VI.
Vs ith a Portrait of Elliston, engraved from the Original Picture
in the possession of the Garrick Club.
Cunningham and Mortimer, Publishers, Adelaide-street,
Trafalgar-square.

MLLE NEXT DISTRIBUTION of MONEY
DIVIDENDS, AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED
by HIS INIAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA, contains
HONEY DIVIDENDS of £5O, £6O, £7O, £BO, £9O, £lOO,
£llO, £l2O, £l5O, £2OO, £4OO, £6OO, £6OO, £l,OOO,
Xi .500, £5,000, and £.5,000 Ste.:ling. Amounting together
to .x:72,170 sterling.
Direct for PROSPECTUS with full particulars, WITH-
OUT DELAY, to
HEINE BROTHERS, at HAMBURG H,
Cr, to HEINE BROTHERS, at LUBECK.

HEINE BROTHEIZS traing remitted during a
vary short time very large amounts of Money Divi-
dends to their Correspondents in Great Britain and Ireland.
Dividends of 25,000/., 18,0001., 9,000/., 5,0001., and 3,6001.
to London ; 3,6001., 800/., and 700/. to Edinburgh ; 3,600/.
to Dublin ; 3,6001. to Beverley ; 3,60 W. to Halifax ; 1,2001.
to Porthleaven Harbour ; 900/., 700/., and 6001. to Liver-
pool ; 9001. to Hull; 9004 to Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; 9001.
and 6001. to Manchester ; 700/. to East Retford, Nottingham-
shire • 700/. to Colne, Lancashire; 7001. to Ryde, Isle of
Wight; 6001. to Cork ; 600/. to Bideford ; and 600/. to
Bradford, &c.. &c., they beg to call the attention of those
desirous to obtain large Money Dividends to the approaching
EIGHTEENTH DISTRIBUTION of LUBECK, gua-
ranteed by the Government.
This Distribution offers the possibility of obtaining more
than 25,000/. upon One Share. 2,400 of the Shares obtain
Money Dividends of 11. and upwards.
Price of One Share, 1/. ; two Shares, 2/. ' • three Shares, 3/.;
four Shares, 41. ; five Shares, 51. ; six Shares, 61.; seven
Shares, 71. ; eight Shares, 8/. ; nine Shares, 91. ; ten
Shares, 101.0,

Direct for Shares, without delay, to HEINE BROTHERS
at Lubeck.

The full Prospectus, with all particulars, may be had gratis,
upon addressing a line to Heine Brothers.

THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN.
THIS EVENING, DEC. 30,
Will be repeated, Amber's Opera of ERA DIAVOLO ; or,
the INN of TERRACI NA. Fra Diavolo, Mr. W. Har-
rison ; Lord Alleash, Mr. G. Horncastle ; Lorenzo, Mr.
Travers; Beppo, Mr. Giubilei ; Giacomo, Mr. Leffler ;
Matteo, Mr. S. Smith; Lady Allcash, Miss Betts; Zerlina,
Miss Pcole.
After which, Mr. Bunn's Comic Interlude of MY
NEIGHBOUR'S WIFE. Mr. Somerton, Mr. Cooper ;
Mr. Brown. Mr. Meadows; Mr. Smith, Mr. Bartley; Mrs.
Somerton, Mrs. W. Lacy.
To conclude with a New Comicality, called PUNCH'S
PANTOMIME ; or, HARLEQUIN -KING JOHN, and
MAGNA CHARTA. By the Writers of " Punch." King
John, Mr. W. H. Payne; Harlequin, Mr. J. Ridgway; Pan-
taloon, Mr. Garden ; Columbine, Mrs. J. Ridgway ; Clown,
Mr. T. Ridgway.
Doors open at Half-past Six, and the Performances com-
mence at Seven.—Dress Boxes is., Second Price 3s. 3d. ;
First and Second Circlos bs., Second Price 2s. 6d. ; Pit 3s;
Second Price 29. ; Gallery Is.
Private Boxes to be had at the Box-office ; of Messrs. An-
drews, 167, New Bond-street; Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street ;
and of Mr. Sams, Pall Mall.
Tickets and Places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Whit-
low, at the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season
Tickets may be had.

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