The Sun.
London, England, 1842-04-28 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, . URSDAY 28, 1842

COURT CIRCULAII

The. Queen held a Coto: and Privy Council yester-
day afternoon; et Buckingham Palace.,
The Council was attended by his ],loyal llighnecs
Prinove Albert, the Lord President;the'Lerd Privy Seal,
the l'irst Lord of the Treasur,., the Secremries of State
thr the Home, Forei,n, and .:01mnd( Departments, the
First Loed of the Admiralty, the President of theßoard
of Trade,. the President of the Board of Control, the
t;oeretnry at 'tier, the Paymaster of the Foree.s, the diuke
of Wellington, the Lord steward, anti the Lord Cham-
berlain. - '

At the ConnA. 'the Queen having been pleased to ap-
poiot the most Honourable Chrtrie,;:iLrquis or London-
durrr to be Lord Lieutenant of the county of Durham,
his Lordship took the customary

Her Majcsty having been pleased to appoint George
DukJ of Marlborough to be Lord-Lieutenant of the
county of Oxford, ins 'Grace took the oaths appointed
tube talf7n.

The Hon. William Bathurst was the Chit:- of the
Cc uncil in Waiting..
At the. Cmrt, the following Foreign l'ilinisters had
audionoos,of the Queen :
Baron do Colt.), the Bavarian Minister; Count do
Pollen, the Sardinian Mini ter;, Mr; Everett; the United
State,l Minister. Their D:collencics Were. respectively
intr,dact d by the Earl of Aberdeen, K.T., her Majesty's
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and
conducted by Sir ifobert Chester, Master of the Cereino-

' nies.
The Right Hon. J. Nichols, Judge Advocate-General,
I had en audience of the Queen, sod submitted to her
-Majesty the proceedings of some Courts-martial.
The Queen gave audiences 'to Sir Robert Peel, the
Lord President, Sir James Graham, Earl of Haddington,
Earl of Aberdeen, Sir William Lurnhy, and the Lord
Chamberlain.
The Court was attended by Lord Hill, Gold Stick in
Waiting, - the,-Vice.-Chamberlain, the Treasurer of the
Household, the Comptroller of the Household, the Hen.
Mr. Bligh, and Colonel Bouverie,- Equerry in Waiting on
Prince Albert. , •
Lord Byron end the Non. Captain Hood were the
Lord and Groom in Waiting.
Tier Majesty the Queen Dowager, attended by Frances
Lsdy Clinton, visited the Queen yeSterday afternoon at
Rockingham Palace.
Her Majesty, attended by the Countess of Dalhousie,
took an airinglesterday afternoon in an open carriage
and four. His Royal. Highness Prince Albert, attended
by Colonel Bouverie, rode out on horseback at the same
time.
Their Royal Highnesses-the Prince of Wales and the
Princes Royal were taken an airing ii Royal gardens
yesterday.
The Duehesa 'of Cambridge . and the Princess Au-
gusta of Cambridge took a drive yesterday to hew •
A Deputation of the Leather Trade, cwisisting of Mr.
Boucher, . Chairman- of the Committee ; Messrs.
Hackblock, Meek, Sanders, Underhay, E. Sanders,
and Mr. Hepburn, the Secretary, accompanied by the
following Members of Parliament Lord - Courtenay,-
Lord Sandon, Sir Howard Douglas, Sir T. Dyke Acland,
Sir W. James Mr. Miles, Mr.' Miles, jun.; Mr. H.
Berkeley, Mr. H. ReMble, and Mr. E. WodehOuse,'•had
an interview with the Right Hon. W.,E. Gladstone yes-
terday at the °diet. Of the Board of Trade.
A Deputation of the Wine Committee, consisting of
Mr. George Barnes, Chairman, Mr. Quarles Harris,
Deputy Chair Man, , Mr. W.. P. Richards, Mr. John
White, and' Mr. John Wild, .had an interview with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official
residence in Downing-street.
Mr. Wallace had an interview with the 'Chancellor of
the -Exchequer yesterday in Downing-street.
Major Mercer had an interview with Lord Stanley
yesterday at the Colonial. office.
Mr. Wickham, Chairman of the Stamps and Taxel;
lrA an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the
Exchequer.

THE GREAT FIGHT BETWEEN
131tO ME:AND TiLTNGAIME FOR THREE
HUNDRED POUNDS A SIDE.
This contest, which has excited such interest in
the. sporting world, and upon which bets to 'an
enormous amount have been pending, was decided
yesterday in flivour of Broome, who from his
frequent victoria :•; had become the champion of
what is technically termed the "light weights." He
is a fine scientific lighter of great muscular power
and stamina. His' opponent, an Australian,
named Burigarec, is alSo a man of great
strength, and for foreigner, possesses great know-
ledge of sparring and the tactics of the ring. Both
men for the last few weeks have been in active
training, in the -suburban districts of the metropolis,
under the Most experienced professors, and their con-
dition was considered by the best judges to be first-
rate. The Australian, from., being cornparativly un-
known to the lances', did not meet with so many backers
has his opponent, but nevertheless he obtained consi-
derable patronage from'some of the principal support-
ers of the prize-ring, as he was reported to have
fought several well-contested battles, and to possess
the most determined courage. The odds on Friday
and Saturday laSt, at the sportingbouses, were (3 and
to 4 on Broome, and notwithstanding this confidence
ther were plentY of takers among the London fancy.
According to the articles of the match it was ar-
ranged that the fight should come off within twenty
miles of Newmarket, and it was generally understood
that the ring would be formed on the six mile bottom,
favoured resort of boxers in the palmy days of
pugiism, and where, among other celebrated
battles, the p•reat fight . between Gulley and
H. Pearce, at that period known by the
cngnonlon the " (4aine Chicken," was contested.
The accounts which arrived in town late last night
were very conflictiTz, but from the information which
our Corrospondent obtained from the most authentic
sources, it appeared that the combatants and their
friends experienced very great difficulty in obtain-
ing a site for the "erection of a ring, but after one
had been formed, a desperate struggle ensued, which
lasted for an hour and a half,-;when Broome, amidst
the tremendous' cheering of his partisans, was de-
clared the victor.

Our correspondent was unable to ascertain the
number of rounds, but was informed that both men
were much punished, and the fight, in the opinion of
the cognoscenti, was of the first description.

1 11ERATtiliE.

B 17.-R Gil RifiTlEil. CL. T.
Longman,'

There are few "illustrious characters Of3iliidern
flutes whose reputation has better steed the vv'ear-anil
tear of vests than that of Fiselereic the Seeknt of
Prussia-411c hero of the famous Seven Years' War—
who, elngle-handed, and with the odds atleast twenty
to one against him, resisted the combined powers of
France; Austria, Russia, Saxony, -Sweden, and the
Germanic body ; and at the close of the War still kept
possession `of to wrest which from his iron
grasp had been the one leading object of the con-
federacy. The,' Prussians May well be proud of bin,
—though it must be confeSeed that admiration of c
ruthless warrior is a very vulgar and hinailiatingfient
in the eharacter of any nation-L,LfOr he the only
tsreat military genius they ever produced, the only
oee ie modern history wire ean bear all instant's corn-
OfiriSsal With N 'Both these conquerors indeed
possessed IMIT!y CiAtlitiOTl. Loth were ,equally
regardless tat the faith of treaties; lash were equally
devoured by a love 01 fillss, glory ; both looked to
France as the source and centre of European
; and the ,genius. of both showed to the
greatest advantage Under l (-verses which would have
utterly crushed less energetic minds. Napoleon
maintaining his last astonishing struggle in France,
with but a handful of dispirited troops," against the
whole overwhelming power of the Allies, hardly
hibits more signal energy and fortitude of nature,
than Frederick, when disputing every square inch of
. ground, with Ins capital in possession of the Austrians,
and his, kingdom overrun with swarms of northern
barbarians. It is singular that both these illustrious
men, at one specially disastrous period of their Career;
contemplated death not in the field, but by poison
and we may add, that they were never so calm and
self-possessed, as when tottering to all appearance on
the verge' of ireetrievablo. ruin. But here our par-
rallel must stop. Frederick's military genius was the
growth of time and experience ; Napoleon's resembled
intuition, and seemed to shoot up, lis:e the fairy palace
or' Aladdin, in a night. His very first battles were
brilliant victories, whereas 'those of the Prussian
Monarch were crushing defeats, bro Sight 'On by his
own blunders. Napoleon took his position at once as
the chief warrior of the age ; Frederick won his wv
to fame by, slow and painful degrees. In the former e
estimation no renown was worth winning save that
acquired by the sword ; he affecte,indeed to rimite
artists and men of science ; but it was a cold and con-
strained admiration, in' which the heart had little
share. Frederick, on the contrary, entertained a
sincere and hearty respect for scientific and pictorial
genius. Literature, in particular, divided his attention
nearly equally with war ; and in his bitterest season
of adversity he could always derive consolation from
the Manufacture of indifferent poesy. During his
campaigns the sword was only laid aside for the pen :
and he. was frequently awake in his tent,
,or in a shed,
seriblding• wretched verse, hours After his officers and
soldiers, were fast asleep. About the year 17,59 an
edition of his poems was printed in England. As a
matter of course it excited public attention in no
ordinary degree—Frederick being then the great here
of the day—but it soon sank into oblivion, and was
denounced in warmer terms than such a collection of
indecent, irrellecious rubbish deserved, by Gray and
Horace Walpole. We remember, a few years since,
glancing at some odd volumes of his Majesty's works,
in prose and verse, and were astonished to find how
few passages there were worth recollecting. The
imagery was all common-place; the philosophy was
merely that of Voltaire and Bolingbroke at second-
hand ; and the-wit and sarcasm, even when genuine,
were of the coarsest and most offensive character.
But it is idle to enlarge on the literary peculiarities of
the Prussian King. lie is .long since defunct as ar
author, and survives 'only as a warrior in the blood-
stained pages of history.
In the NuMber before us there is an asbnirabls
sketch of the character Of this celebrated despot, whose
military career is traced down to the ,close of tits
Seven 'Years' War. We can scarcely doubt to \vitas(
pen we are indebted'thr this rapid and brilliant sketch,
which betrays its author in every page. There is one
passage in it, however, which, as proceeding from a
zealous Whig, is somewhat exceptionable, to say the
least of it. "Is it not perfectly clear," asks the Re-
viewer, " that if antiquated claims are to be set up
against recent treaties mid long possession, the world
can never be at peace• for a day ? We 1101 d that the
transfer of Norway from Denmark to Sweden, was
an unjustifiable proceeding s but would the King of
Denmark be therefore justified in landing, without
any new provocation, in Norway, and commencing
military operations there ?" If this is to be held
sound doctrine, then it Ibllows that Poland has in
right to attempt to regain her independence. "'Re-
cent treaties and long possession" prove incontest-
ably that Russia is justified in keeping her in a state
of abject slavery. hi like manner, Italy is bound to
take no styes to overthrow Austrian domination, .no
matter how grlnfling and insulting. it may be... This
is a strange theory to bepropounded in a Whig
eurnal—m that very JOurnal, too, which has inva-
riably advocated the cause of the Poles, and been
loud in its denunciations of Austrian despotism in
Italy ! But to return to the subject more immedi-
ately before us. The Reviewer gives a highly di-
verting account of the intimacy and subsequent
quarrel betiveen Frederick and Voltaire, who, it
it well=iknown, from having been sworn friends
became deadly enemies. 'rue King, who admired
every thing French, invited the great wit and philoso-
pher of Ferney to Potsdom ; but soon after his arrival,
took offence at his inability to detect superlative ex-
cellence in the royal poetry, and testified his displea-
sure by giving orders that " his guest's allowance of
sugar and chocolate should be curtailed." On this
corning to Voltaire's ears, he "indemnified himself by
pocketing the wax-candles in the royal anti-
chamber !"—a mode of retaliation not altogether be-
tc:)ni7)rdgtiary i,lnle'igni coupletYof 7.philosopher. s Of course this
extraordinary parted, never to meet
again ; and, indeed, consideringtheir characters—
b and nervously apprehensive
o surprised how they managed
rrliidl7.cetiinieLy
lavi
en, are irritable, a
only
to keep the peace towards each other for two days
etanseeutively. It is a ridiculous circumstance that,
when Voltaire quitted Potsdam, he carried off with
him a manuscript volume of his Majesty's poems,
which enraged the royal author as much as' if he had
wrested Silesia from his grasp. He took for granted
that the French wit Meditated plagiarism on them ;
and Voltaire, on the other hand, felt quite indignant
that he should be suspected of a design to steal such
rubbish. Ultimately, the volume was recovered by
the King, but not until Voltaire had been kept twelve
days in custody for the supposed petty larceny ! We
subjoin the Rs v:ewer's cletails of the .I?rench philoso
pher's first visit to Berlin:—

" To Berlin he was invited by a series of letters,
couched in terms of the most enthusiastic friendship
and admiration. For once the rigid parsimony of Frederick
neefned to have relaxed. Orders, honourable offices,
liberal penson, a well-served—table, stately apartments
under a royal roof, were offered in return for the plea-
sure and honour which were expected from the society
of the first wit of the age. A thousand louis were re-
mitted for the charges of the journey. No ambassador
setting out from Berlin for a Court of the first rank, had
ever been more amply supplied. Bat Voltaire was not
satisfied. At a later period, vhen he possessed an am-
ple fortune, he was one of the most liberal of men ; but
till his means had become • equal to his wishes, his
greediness for lucre was unrestrained either by justice
or by shame. He had the effrontery to ask for
thousand loins. more, in order to enable hint to bring
his niece, Madame Denis, the ugliest of coquettes, in his
company.. The indelicate rapacity of the poet pro-
duced its natural . offret on the severe and frugal King.
The answer was a dry refusal. • I did nut,' said his Ma-
jesty, 'Solicit 'the honour of the lady's society.' On this,
Voltaire went off into ft.,paroxysm of childish rage.
• Was there ever .such avarice ": Re ban hundreds of
tubs full of dollars in his vaults, and haggles with me
about a poor thousand lonis; It seemed that the sego.
tiation- would be broken Off, but Frederick, with great
dexterity,- affected indifference, and seemed inclined to
transfer hisidolatry to Baculard and d'Arnaud. Ilis
.Majlesty.even wrote some bad verses, of widell the sense
was, that Voltaire was a setting sun, and that Arnaud
was rising. Good-natured friends soon carried the lines
shirt,to
danced Voltaire.
aibco was
thein( his jumped out in his
nt h
rage, and seat for his
passport and his post-herses. It was
Pot difficult to
foresee the end of a connection which had such a be-
ili

. -
ginning.. .
down by
ocafleft the great
;:illteatal;.vlta,,
isli
thirty
iri icti3h. theli(
years,y'ea wasr
hille51;),(,):,
ushrealti,eo againlbtao
bowed
after
the
lapse
splendid and
ex-
tremegiuristio,ltdrittugnel,mto teisirnecethpetiomn iitlnstrorf:masia
Was such as
might well have elated a. less vain and excitable mho.
He wrote to his friends at Paris that the kindness and
the attention with which be had been welcomed sur-
passed description—that the King was the most amiable
ollfemelnvt—ts tlciaretalt':dtaciablanm‘bvaershttliii,elparadise of philosophers.
and received together
with his gold key, the cross of an order, and a patent
ensuring to him pension of eight hundred a Pounds ster-
ling a year, for life. A hundred and sixty pounds a year
were promised to .his neice if she survived him.' The
royal cooks and coachmen were put at his disposal. He
was lodged in the same apartments in which Saxe had
lived. when, at the height of power and glory, lie isited
Prussia. Frederick, indeed, stooped for a time even to
use the language of adulation. Ile pressed to his lips
the meagre hand of the little grinning skeleton, whom
he regarded as the dispenser of immortal .rertown. - lie
would add, he said, to the titles which he owed to his
ancestors and his sword, another title, derived from his
last and. pi °attest acquisition.. His style. ' Should run
thus:—Frederick, King ofPru.ssia, Margrave of Branden-
burg, Sovei ei.ii Duke of..Sile.-ia, Possessor of Voltaire.
,BUt 'even :.midst the delights of the honeymoon, Vol-
taire'a seasitiye vanity begun to take alarm. ' A few days
after his arrival he fcotdd not help telling his niece
that the amiable king had a trick of giving a sly scratch
with In e hand, while patting mid stroking with the_
other. -•Soonicanie hintsiu'rt the less -al&rrning beCattSe,
In skrions.'.. '. The supper -parties are•-'dliclos. .. The
K ng,, is. Ilw: Jife.., Q,c tip p4rollp But--1
pa htiVM °perks
at d comedies, reviews' and concerts, my siudie;3 and

7nolzs. But—but—Berlinjs fine, the Princesses charm-
ing, the maids of honour handsOme. But —'

. . . .
ThiS eccentric friendship was fist cooling. Never
had. there met two persons
.so exquisitely fitted to
plague :each. other. .Ealih>of them had exactly the
au:t .of which the other- 17:IS most impatient ;
and thiy were, in different.ivav-s, the must impatient of
mankind, Fredrick was frugal, almost niggardly. When
he had secured his plaything,' he began to think that he
nad bought it too dear. Voltaire, on the other hand,
was greedy, even to the 'extent. of impudence and kna-
very ; and conceived that. the favourite of a Monarch
who had barrels full of gold and silver laid up in cellars,
ought to make a fortune which a Receiver-General
'night envy. They soon discovered each other's feel-
ings. Both were angry. and a war began, in which
Frederick stooped to the part of.Harpagon, and Voltaire
to that of Scapin. It is humiliating to relatec-rhat the
gireut warrior and statesman gave orders that his guest~
allowance of sugar and choeslate should be curtailed. It
if posieble, a still more humiliating fact, that Vol-.
tair,4 idemnitied himself by pocketing the wax-candles
in the Royal ante-chamber," .
" :Moore's Poetical Works" is a notice of the latest
edition, revised by hitnself, of the. poems of this accom-
plished versifier. It is introduced by some remarks
on the difference between fancy and• imagination, in
which the Reviewer succeeds most happily in bewil-
tering his readers.. Ilia cursory observations on
Moore's Satirical powers are much more concise and
intelligible ; and we cordially agree with him in his
opinion of the wit of the author of the " Twopenny
Post-bag," which is,. perhaps, the most remarkable
faculty of his mind. "France, America, and Bri-
tain," sketches with much truth and force the leading
features-in the characters ofthose three great nations.
" America,' says the Reviewer, " is, certainly irri-
table. She is apt to take offence where no insult was
intended, and to consider herself injured when the
treatment which she applies to third parties is adopted
towards herself. She ought to feel how impossible it is
that any other Power will Wantonly offend her. But
though America is irritable, she does not bear
malice—a defeat does not rankle in her mind
as the subject of revenge at • the distance of half
a century." " The Glacier Theory" is ably and in-
geniously argued, but the theme is one which will
he chiefly interesting to the scientific Few. The un-
learned will be apt to find it wearisome. In the
" Budget of 1842," the Reviewer, speaking cursorily
of Sir - Robert • Peel, says ~.that he " is not distin- •
guished for political knoWledge," and that he " has
often yielded to circumstances, but always too late."
In reference to his favourite nostrum of the Income-
tax, we are assured that " when once it has come
into operation—when the painful exposure and the
humiliating discussion have been undergone—when
men have felt what it is to tremble at the knock of
the tax-gatherer, and to deprecate the suspicions of
a CommissiOner—when the pain of loss has been em-
bittered by that of degredation ;—a detestation of the
tax will arise which all the discipline of the Tory
party will he unable to con lest." This is a bola,
straightforward prediction, Which we are convinced
will, ere long, be realised to the letter.

ATHELWOLD—A TRAGEDY.
Blackwood, London, 1542.
There is much graceful poetry in this play, which
indeed is its chief recommendation, for as a drama, it
is deficient in action. The period referred to is the
reign of King .Edgar of England, who, as romancers
.and historians tell us, formed a desperate attachment
for the beautiful Elfrida,'. daughter of Olgar, Earl of
Devonshire—an artful, ambitious woman, who, taking
advantage of the Monarch's infatuation, prevailed on
him to raise her to the • Royal dignity. Mason, it
may be remembered, has already dramatised this inte-
resting historical episode; but his was a cold, elabo-
Tate, though showy production, without an atom of
feeling to vivify it. In this respect the present drama
fin- superior; it has many passages characterised
by genuine earnestness and sensibility ; but, as we
Said before, it is languid in point of action, and the
principal personages lab Our under :a decided inconti-
nence of speech. Archbishop Dunstan, in particular,
is singularly fond of the music of his own voice ; but.
in justice to the author we must add, that he has put
many striking• thoughts and poetical imageti into the
mouth of the priest; so that we are in a great degree
reconciled to his volubility. As a dramatic poem,
" Athelwold" deserves high praise ; but as a tragedy,
we fear it must he pronounced ineffective. We quote-
one or two of: the passages that. have most pleased us :
" I taste love's sweetness but in love's despair;
It has been sung in many a gentle verse, •
That scenes of natural beauty calm the heart,
Suffusing their own neace ; they find it so
Who bring that peade they wisely love so well
To the mute vision. lin vain retreat
To this fair solitude—the placid world
Of wood and water, hill and verdant plain,
Is all on fire with love ; the liquid lake
Glows with a beauty warmer than its own ;
In the soft air the breath of woman burns
Upon my conscious cheek ; and nothing- lives
o'er all the scexe, as nothing lives within,
But one consuming passion V.'
Grieve not so much that sin
Bath found a stealthy passage to thy heart,
As now rejoice that penitence bath tracked
its subtle footsteps there. Sin and Repentanc
These two give men religion and their God,
Their faith, their hopa. It is not innocence,
It is not wisdom claims the skies for man,
Or wings his soul to immortality.
"Es Guilt that leads to the celestial gate,
And weeping Mercy stands to open it."

CANADIAN SCENERY. Part 24.
Virtue, London, 1842.
This Part contains four engravings, illustrative
of some of the most picturesque landscapes on the
Canadian frontier. One of these, representing the
tower of St. John from the Signal, is exceedingly
bPautiful, and, as a work.of art, is by no means amiss.
The letter-press department of the work is under the
superintendence of Mr. Willis, author of " Pencillings
by the Way"—one of the most flippant and indefati
gable scribblers of the day.

!RANT'S ORIENTAL HEADS. No. X.
These form four excellent wood-cuts of .he present
leading -Affghan Chiefs, and, from the accompanying
Letterpress, gathered from the latest travellers, we
collect the following account of them .
Dost Mahommed Khan first signalized himself in an
expedition against the Khans, who had possessed them-
selves of the flirt of Attock, on the plains of Clinch : he
here headed a body of 2,000 Atfghans, commenced the
attack, and captured the whole of the Sheik artillery.
He himself dismounted two of their guns, and was pro-
ceeding to improve his victory, when he found -that he
was without support, and that his brother's army had
tied. It only remained for •him to retreat, which he ef-
fected with honour.—illujur Hough's Narrative.
The unfortunate Shah Soojah, appears to be an author.
" His adventures," says Sir Alexander'Burnes, " detailed
by himself in a small volume are replete with interest,"
and might, with those of' his heroic Queen, the Wulfader
Begum, form material for a romance." • Burnes adds in a
note, "I am in possession of this curious work, which
Shah Soojah himself did me the honour of presenting."
The Delhi Gazette of 1838, gives a very accurate
picture of Dost Mahommed he was then 40, though in
appearance much younger ; in height he is at the utmost
five feet eleven inches ; his countenance is sallow ; iu
person he is prone neither to obesity nor leanness ; in his
youth he was accounted very handsome ; h is ryes large
and black, and capable of fine dilation. His mother
was by birth a Persian ; be is connected, by marriage,
with Shah So ;jab, both having married sisters.
In the aff.or of the " Ghoorbund Pass," Dost Ma-
hemmed, though the day went finally against him, was
seen the busiest in the melee‘; he wore a large white
turban ani light-coloured dress, and was always attended
by a sky-blue banner. At one part of the battle, the
Affghan e walry were fairly in our ranks, cutting and
slashing in all directions. Dot Mahommel led his men
down the hill—was seen to take off his loongee from
his head, and staid calling to his brave followers, "In
the name of. God and the Prophet fight ; drive those
Peringhee Kaflirs out of the country, or 1. am a gone
man."--Operations of the Army of the Indus.
Dost Mahommed's appearance is very distingue : he
wears a white muslin tunic,,or Anghur, and over this a
light 'blue Urhhaluk, or coat of . merino, trimmed with
gold, with crimson pajahmahs, or loose trowsers, and
Persian boots. " This," said .the Ameer, "is my usual
dress (that worn on the 2d of November had been asked
for)—if you want my - fighting—my iron clothes—they
are at Loodiana."—Cakutta Paper, Oct. 1841.
Tb

subscliptions raised for the purpose of erect-
ing and endowing an episcopal college in Scotland, amount, at
present, to 17,0001., including I,COOI. from the Society for
Promoting Christian Knowledge. -
The Minister of Commerce has addressed a letter,
dated 19th inst., to the Chamber of Commerce of Bordeaux, in
reply to one which he had received from that body, on the sub.
ject of the critical position of French subjects in the Republic
of Paraguay, in consequence of the war with that of Rio do
la Plata. The Minister announces that orders have been given
f,r the reinforcement of the French naval force in that quarter
of the world, with a view to the protection of French interests.
The present Board of Admiralty has been much oc-
cupied for some time past with the subject of naval architec-
ture; and having appointed a comini'tee of practical ship-
builders to take into consideration this important question, and
to suggest such improvements in the construction of our
ships of war as their long experience and practical
acquaintance with the science might enable them
to tio, and received its report, have resolved
to act upon it e ithout delay. Their Lordships have, moreover,
directed three of the most distinguished members of the School
of Naval Architecture, Messrs. Read, Chatfield, and Creuze,
to furnish a series of designs for ships of every class in the ser-
vice, for which purpose they have been oriered to repa—r to
Chatham, and commence their labours immediately. By
'thus combining the highest scientific attainments with the prac-
tical intelligence of the master shipwrights of our dockyards,
we may fairly anticipate a degree of perfection in the
construction of our wooden walli for the future to which they
have never hitherto attained. A
rumour is current that
the post •of Surveyor of the Navy is to be abolished,
and that of Naval Architect to be substituted in its
stead. At all events, the appointment of the three
gentlemen already alluded fo may fairly be regarded
as a preliminary step to the establishment of a board
of naval revision ; an arrangement which cannot fail of
proving of the utmost advantage to the country. Up-
wards of two millions sterling have already been expended on
ships, which we gather from the parl amentary admissions of
Sir George Cockburn and Captain Rous are decided failures.
It is therefore surely time to put a stop to this speculative
in,!‘le of ship-building, and the Admiralty deserves high credit
for the earnest and laborious attention it has lately devoted to
the sub cct.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.
TIMES.—The premium on gold at Paris i 3 10 per mile,
which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 10' d. per ounce for
standard gold, gives an exchange of 25 402, and the ex-
change at Paris on London at short being 2O 62'„ it follows
that bold is 0.85 cent. dearer in London than in Paris.
fly advices from Hainlinrgh the price of gold is 434 per
mark, which, at the English Mint pi ice of 3!. 17s. 101,';d. per
I orrice, gives an excliann-c of 13 91, and Oat! exchange at flain-
burgh on London .at short. being 13 Ii j, it follows that gold
is 0.92 rer cent. dearer in London than in Ilaniburgh.
The course of exchange at. Ness York on London is 107
per cent., and the par of exchange between England and
'America being 109 23-40 per cent., it follows that the ex-
change is 2.b7 per cent. against. England. But the quoted
exchange at New York being for bills at 60 days' sight, the
interest must be deducted from the above difference.
By the official returns published by the Customs, the exports
of the preCious metals to foreign and colonial ports for the week
ending Thursday last, were as undt4, viz. : Ounces.
ilver coin to Rotterdam ..
Silver bars to Rotterdam lOO,OOO
The amount of business trani•acted to-day in the foreign ex-
changes was not to any large extent. There was a better
supply of bills up,.n Hamburg!) than on the preceding poq, and
the rate was rather higher. The price for Amsterdam and
Paris was about the same as on Friday.

NEWSPAPER. PRESS BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION.—
The annual meeting of this Association took place on Monday
last ; Dr. Sheridan in the Chair. Mr. Knox, the Hon.
Secretary, read the Report, from Which it appeared that since
the last annual meeting 200/. had been funded in faveur of the
Society, and that there had been a considerable accession of
nsembers to the.Associalion. The election of officers for the
noting year then took place, and the meeting adjourned. The
members present were highly gratified at the successful pro-
!Jess of the Association.
CRIMINAL RETURNS.—By the annual statement
just published by the Police Coniniissioners in Scotland-yard,
of the number of persons who were taken into custody by the
Metropolitan Police in the year 1841, we gather the following
information :-8,573 persons were apprehended charged with
offences against the person, 244 with offences against property
committed with violence, 13,477 wilt offences against property
without violence, 2,134 with malicious offences against property,
868 with forgery and offences against the currency, and 48,665
with other offences not included in the beforementioned classes,
making a total of 68,961, of which number 46,358 were males,
and 22,603 females. Out of the total number, 5,418 were
charged with common assaults, 2,168 with assaults on the
police, 1,210 with larceny from the person, 5,108 with simple
larceny, 2,990 with misdemeanours with intent to steal, 1,919
with unlawful possession of goods, 2,082 with wilful damage,
12,795 with being disorderly characters, 15,006 with drunken-
ness, 4,882 as suspicious characters, and 4,841 as vagrants.
THUNDER STORM IN GLASCOW.-011 Saturday
afternoon, a little after five o'clock, a thunder storm broke over
the city. For a short time'its proximity was evidenced by the
rolling peal following the lightning's flash almost instanta-
neously, and the rain fell in torrents. The turmoil expended
itself in half an hour, after which the EMI again looked out, and
the evening closed in mild and beautiful. During the thunder-
storm, the lightning struck the top of the giant chimney -stalk
now in the course of erection at St. Itollox, on which a number
of bricklayers in the employment of Sir. M'lntyre were at
work. Although they were both stunned and alarmed, one of
them.so much so that he was for a brief period insensible, the
iejury sustained on the whole was trilling, and the man alluded
to soon recovered, and seas able to walk home. The stalk is
already 204 feet in height, which, we believe, is not half of the
altitude which it will ultimately attain. The storm extended
to the south-cast-ward.—Glasgow Courier.
LAUNCH OF THE HINDOSTAN.—This splendid ves-
sel, one of the finest steamers that has yet been built, was
launched from the building-yard of Messrs. Wilson and Co.,
on Tuesday. The day was beautifully fine and, as the launch
of a vessel of such vast bulk naturally excited great curiosity, a
vast concourse of individuals of all classes assembled to witness
the event. Among the company present were the Ear! of
Sefton and a large party of nobility and gentry, several of ear
leading merchants and their families, and numerous respectable
individuals belonging to Liverpool and its vicinity, amongst.
whom were many ladies. The ceremony of christening was per-
formed by Mrs. R. Gladstone. The launch took place at 10 mi- •
nutes past 12 o'clock, and a more beautiful sight was never wit-
nessed. There was some difficulty at first in moving so enor-
mous and heavy a structure, her weight being estimate d at up-
wards of 1,300 tons. By dint of proper mechanical appliances,
however, she was at length set in motion, when she glided
slowly and majestically into that element on which we hope
her future career is destined to be one of prosperity and success.
This fine vessel is allowed on all hands to be a first-rate speci-
men of naval architecture. Her burden is 2,009 tons, and her
engines 560 horse power.—Liverpool Courier of yesterday.
THE FAST-DAY.—Thursday being the half-yearly
sacramental fast, many persons, as usual, proceeded to the
country by different conveyances. The day being exceedingly
fine, the town was almost deserted. A large proportion availed
themselves of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway, anti in the
evening the terminus at Haymarket was surrounded by an im-
mense crowd. According to the Glasgow _Herald, '• the five
o'clock train from Queen-street (the Glasgow terminus) was
so densely crowded that it had to be taken up the incline in two
divisions, and when it departed only a single carriage remained
in the railway yard; a circumstance which, we believe, has
not cmurred since the opening of the line." We understand
the number booked at the Edinburgh station was 1,729, of
which 717 went to Glasgow. Almost the whole passengers
returned in the evening. The aggregate number travelling
along the line to and from the different stations is calculated to
have been upwards of 4,000. On the Dalkeith Railway there
wen e the immense number of 6,661 passengers, being nearly
700 beyond any simllar day. The seam-boats to different
parts in the Frith, and the various stage-coaches, were also
crowded beyond all former precedent. The only at:cis:cuts we
have heard of were that of a man falling out of one of the
coaches on the Glasgow Railway, and that of another having
got his foot struck by one of the coaches on the Dalkeitb line ;
but neither of theta were seriously injured.—Krlinberesk Paper
.I).nqxvt,:nr.—The Westmeath (ivardia)t
contains a curious account of the discovery of a skeleton by
two labourers, in the bog of Kilbremtan, some live or six feet
below the surface, without any appearance of clothes or other
covering about the bones. Doctor Battersley, who was ex-
amined on the inquest, stated that to the best of his opinion the
remains were those a a full grown man, with a fracture on the
left frontal bone sufficient to have caused death. From the evi-
dence of several other persons they are supposed to be those of
a man named Ilichael Malone, who suddenly and unaccount-
ably disappeared from that neighbourhood nearly 40 years ago.
Diligent search had been made for him by his friends, but
without success, at the time. Verdict—" We find that the
body belonging to the skeleton was murdered by sonic person
or persons unknown, about 40 years ago."
'fun 13liur.An Timor Suip.---This vessel, ...idyll
ran on shore in the East Bay, near Dungeness, on the morn-
ing of Tletirsday week last, with the first division of the 29th
Regiment on board, was got off on Saturday night. last, and has
since proceeded to Portsmouth to repair the extensive damage
she received by beating on the sand. The troops are quartered
at Hythe Barracks, and will remain there until another vessel
is got ready for their reception.
THE HINDOSTAN ST.EAMER.—A magnificent
steamer, of 1,800 tons burden, to be called the Hindostan, w ill
be launched from the building-yard of Mews. Wilson, of Li-
verpool, this mornings She is built for the Oriental Steam
Navigation Company, and is intended to ply between Suez and
Calcutta direct, calling at Aden and Point tie Galle, in the
island of Ceylon. It is hoped that when the Hindustan gets
fairly at work, the whole distance from England to Calcutta
will be performed in 30 days ; aed if she equals the Oriental
and Great Liverpool in swiftness and strength, the hope will be
realised. Though larger than the Oriental, the flindosten is
on precisely the same plan ; and another steamer, of the same
s'ze and construction, to be called the Bentinek, also intended
for this line from Suez to Calcutta, is likewise in progress. It
will be no small honour to Messrs. Wilson, and to the port of
Liverpool, to have furnished the steamers for the longest line of
E team communication in the world, and to have supplied ves-
sels not to he surpassed by any port or any builder in Europe.—
Liverpool Tinges of yesterday.
Cactirrr A TARTAR.—A curious incident occurred
during the recent march of the 78th Highlanders through Bir-
mingham. It appears that some of the men had brought over
from Ireland a bottle of whisky, of which a sergeant of police
Was endeaeourihg to deprive them, when the sergeant of the
regiment, gazing intently at him, owned hint as a deserter from
the 78th thirteen years before, and ttaok him prisoner.
SALE AT STIIAWBERRY7IIII.L.—The lots Of books
disposed of yesterday were of a very miscellaneous description.
The must important portion of them consisted of historical
and political tracts, history, anti memoirs. The six first lots
produced upwards of 120/. They were " Tracts anti Pam-
phlets in prose and verse at the time of James L and Charles 1.,
many of which are extremely rare and curious, interspersed
with notes and ;Tints." The seventh lot, " A :look, containing
the true Portraiture of the Countenances of the Kings and
Queens of England, from William the Conqueror to Queen
Elizabeth, engraved on wood, printed at the Blackfriars in
1597. small quarto," sold for 16/. 16s. These lots, we under-
stand, as well as some others of a similar nature, sold at this
day's sale, are to form part of a most distinguished library in
this- kingdom ; they are as follows : —Lot 4. A collection of
tracts, historical and political, in prose and verse, many of ,
which are very rare and curious, sold fur 81. 18s. lid. ; Lot 69.
Ditto, ditto, 81. I Bs. 6d. ; Lot 70. Ditto, ditto, 6/. 16s. lid.
In addition to the above, high prices were obtained for many
of the lots ; for instance :—Lot. 110. A collection of tracts and
pamphlets, historical and political, published during the reign
of King George 111., in prose and verse, collected by the late
Lo:d Orford, was purchased by Mr.• Thorpe for 36/. less. Lot
170. The Theatre of George 111. ; a collection of plays formed
by the late Earl of Orford, coneis.ing of several hundreds,
uniformly bound, with the contents of each volume on the fly-
leaf, in Lord Orford's baud-writing, was knocked down to
the same buyer for 22/. 10s. Lot 171. The British Journal,
and Mist's Weekly Journal, was sold for 111. 11 s. Lot 201.
" Memoirs of Richard Walpole," " The Jesuit," and thirty
other tracts, and relative to the family of Walpole, most of
them containing notes by Lord Orford, a very curious collec-
tion, was purchased by Lord Walpole for 5/. The proceeds of
the day's sale amounted to nearly 600/.
23.—Owing to the very alarming
tate of the northern parts of Tipperary, as evidenced by the
numerous outrages perpetrated within the last fortnight, a
meeting of Magistrates tool place on Saturday last, when a
memorial, strongly worded, was forwarded to the Executive,
praying that prompt measures would be taken to afford protec-
tion fur the lives and properties of the peaceable and well-
disposed inhabitants of the disturbed districts. Five additional
policemen have been dispatched to Moneygall, the scene of the
recent murder, or, it is to be feared, murders, as it is currently
reported in town to-clay that Mrs. Margaret Curry, the com-
panion of the ill-fated Mr. Roberts, had expired of the wounds
she received on the evening the former met his untimely end.
Up. to the present there has been no clue to the assassins, and
from the combination that exists there appears to be little pro-
bability that the Government reward will have the desired
effect of leading to detection.
The Commerce contains the following letter from
Logan, in the Canton of Tesmo, dated April 17.--." We have
been for two-days under arms, on account of a report that the
adherents of time aristocratic party, aided by Austrian de-
serters, and favoured by the Governments of Piedmont and
Lombardy, were about to make a new attempt at a counter-
revolution. Yesterday was the day mentioned as the day for
the intended attempt, but it has passed o7er without any de-
monstration."

A letter from Vienna, April 13, in tin Journol fle
Franhfin t, says :—" The arrival of M. Pageot, Charge d'Af-
faires for France, at the Court of Madrid, after having been to
London on an extraordinary mission, has excited general no-
tice, and his frequent visits to several high diplomatists, always
accompanied by Count Flahaut, hate caused various surmises.
One of these is that he is chargedwith eneging our Court to
favour the modifications which France wishes to be mahe in
the treaty for the right of search. Others conceive M. Pa-
geot's object to be the inducement of the Cikaris of Vienna,
Berlin, and St. Petersburgh, to .join France and England in
their acknowledgment of Queen Isabella 11. It has been re-
marked that, since the arrival of M. Pageot, there have been
several conferences between Count Flahaut and Sir Robert
Gordon, the British Minister. The only certainty is that, for
some time past, the correspondence between the Cabinets of
tho different" great Powers has become more active than during
she winter

Prince Albert on 'Tuesday afternoon inspected the
new Houses of Parliament. his Royal Highness was con-
ducted over the works by Mr. Barry, the architect. The
Prince remained pearl' an hour,

PERSONAL PROPERTY OF THE
QUEEN OF SPAIN.

The revolution of September, 1840, made im-
portant changes in the dompers(t)ireorcti,reotit.ntisietatQictiers.:lnocif
sti I, C F epee of that. event and
.to eni,ekit,i(t..iolf_ the
ipners,o,:: a:4u
the eontemporaneous abdication of the Regency by
her Alajoste's mother, Maria Christina de Bourbon,
she and her iatcr, Infanta c,f Spain, were left. in a
state of parental and political orphanage, and
,the
royal patrimony without other administrator than the
Government and Cortes--Of the nation. It is hardly
possible, indeed, to conceive a ease of more complete
separation from friends and family than that in which
the royal minors were placed. Their father, Fer-
dinand VII., long dead their mother become the
wife or another husband ; their elder uncle Don Carlos
an enemy, and proscribed the country ; his brother,
Don Francisco de Paula, and hi. family, residing in
France at the time ; the fate of the children and of
their estates devolved into the hands of the nation.
There was not even one of their kindred or relatives
at the time to look after them in their abandonment,
or to look to their interests.
It is necessary to keep these particulars in view in
considering their fortunes since ; and an account of
the Queen's household and patrimony, reeently drawn
up and addressed to her Majesty's guardian, Don
AnguStin Arguelles, by the intendant or adminis-
trator of the Palace, Don Martin de Ins Ileros, the two
huh% iiluals charged with the care of her Majesty and
her sister, and their iwoperty. Only six hundred
copies of this Memoir. of which you may have seen
partial extracts in the Spanish journals, have been
printed for private distributifm.
M. Hems commences by making a few remarks on
the numerous complaints raised against him and her
Majesty's guardian fbr not having made more
on entering into office in August
ex-
tensive change-, in the household, and manag,ement of
seen for seven years pre-
ltahsetrovillepait;ioipnioeitsl.l,aving
viously the household and royal patrimony so scanda-
lously and -ruinously mismanaged, it was but natural
that the nation would come to the conclusion that a
complete change of administration was required.
Heros, however, shows that the complaints made
were, at least, not all well founded, and that it would
have been imprudent and unjust to comply with all of
them. Some, idea of these complaints, and the em-
harrassing position in which they placed the author
and M. Artroelles, may be formed from the following
passagv t Memeir:—
" Duri»g the five mo.nths 1 have been now iu o.,:net,.
11-:::-sPZ,satht:ti7env4eril
and presume the sam:einmd
have been phie:med by a greater nionlwr of applieatiOns,
complabits, scandals,
perhope to the lot of one man. The old • Servile,'
the modern • Carlist,' the 'Liberal' of a former, and
the • Reformer' of the present. day, those within
and those without the palace, all run upon me, some
wanting to he promoted, others saying that they were
persecuted tbr this or that political opinion, and more
complaining of this or that person exercising undue
influence in the affairs of the palace. In a word, all
sought to be placed, replaced, pensioned, or indemni-
fied : and still worse, to remove others without any
better reason than that. the applicants would get their
situations. None seemed to recollect that Spaniards
of all demaninations oontributed to the support of her
Majeste, that to proscribe for mere political opinion
would be unworthy of her service, and that in the
R household there were old and titithful adherents.,
that domestic habits and affections had been formed,
and which it was of importance to the young Queen'
personal comforts and happiness to respect."
\I. Hews next proceeds to describe the state in
which he found the Royal Treasury on entering into
office. On the :ilst July, 1841, when the works were
delivered up to him, lie found in the Treasury 576,5951.
sterling. Of this gross slim there were only 10,374/,
sterling in cash, the rest being, made up'of
of one kind or other. Since that period some 12,0001.
sterling of these bills and credits have been realised,
so that the. available moneys in the Treasury on
his entering• office be set set down at 22,0004
sterling. 'The difference between this sum and the
gross one ,toted above. was chiefly made up of
385,924/. sterling in bills upon the provinces, giver&
by formerGovernutents in payment of her Majesty's'
allowance from the State, but which were never paid,
and remain without hope of being .so; and of about
.15:1,7401. sterling in Spanish bonds, the coupons
of which have been since. capitalized. No state-
ment of the' sum found in the Treasury on the
alalication of Maria Christina is given—a circum-
stance in time history of the Treasury which the
reader will not confbund with the period now under
consideration, the provisional Regency having pre-
ceded Arguelles and Heros.
M. Livros now proceeds to show the net sum due
by the State to the young Queen, the 386,944/.
sterling in unpaid bills in the-provinves mentioned
above, kitting only a part of what is still due to
her. lie rnake< Out the sum due to her as follows:
ln August,. 1835. the annual sum of 280,()00/. 'ster-
ling was settled upon her by the Cortes, which, from.
that period to Deeenther, 1841, would have ainnunted
to 1,796,6661. sterling. Of this sum, however, only
1,472.7861. sterling. were paid her, leaving a deficit
or' :323,880/. sterling. 13ut as• a considerable portion
or the orders given in payment by the Government
were not raid; orders which M. Hems gives in detail,
but which I must, not state in detail, he brings the
State in debt to the Queen at the present moment to
the amount of 881,262/. sterling. M. Heros has b
active in his remonstrances to the Governmenteen to
provide means of paying up this sum.
M. Heros next refutes the reports of the incomes
derived from the Royal patrimony or personal
estates of the Queen of Spain. in the reign of the
last Sovereign, Ferdinand the Seventh, the incomes
of this kind front Catalonia, Valencia, and the Balearic
Islands, amounted to 4:3,419/. sterling per annum;
but according to the information yet. received by 111.
l 'ems, they will not amount this year to more thant
7,680/. sterling, owing to the difficulties of collection,
and changes made in various taxes which formed
part of the revenue as received by the late King. A
minute account of the causes of the diminution of
the Royal income in these provinces is given by M.
Hero:;. The property of the Royal Convent of
the Escurial is next brought under consideration. At
the that, the Convcut Swa= Suppressed, with all tits
others of the kingdom. in March, 1836, it was sup-
poed that a large addition would have been thus
made to the I patrimony, or ratiter the income
derived from it. These expectations have not at all
been realised. The portions belonging to the Crown
and to the monastery, and which latter has becoine
that of the country, are not yet satisfactorily made
out. Not only has no revenue been '-vet derived from
the suppression of that convent, !nit the preservation
of the buildings ',and payment of eighteen chaplains
to perform service there, at a salary of 60/. sterling
each, have entailed a considerable expense on her
Majesty. A Committee, however, is now sitting, and;
have made considerable progress, in determining the
portions belonging respectively to the Crown and thew
State.

The next section 4)4' M. Heros' Memoir is devoted
to the sums received and paid by him since his ap-
pointment. During the five months he has been in
ofliee, he received from the Government and other
sources 79,464/. sterling, of which sums he has paid
out in the expenses of the palace, 67,5701. sterling.
The items I need not set down ; but it is satisfactory-
to be able to state, that the officers of the householcl„,
servants. pensioners. &c., are now regularly paid, an
much so, indeed, as at any Court, perhaps, in Europe,
With this part of his subject M. Heros connects soave
important reflections on the management of the lin-
merous pensions paid by the Crown of Spain., but
which 1 cannot find room for here. Some interesting
remarks are also made in this part of the WWI upon
the attention paid to her Majesty's persohal. cir-
cumstances. , •
Front the receipts of the Royal Treasury, during
the last•five months, we have beth able to 'extend the
small sum of five pounds sterling, fornwrlv allowed
her Majesty for private charity, to ten
Pelttnds sterling
per month. Her Majesty's wardrowardrobeshagbeen alio
supplied with costly articles suited tr, the dignity of
the person for whom they have beer, rovided, and her
aPartments fitted up with several rktycles of new fur-
niture. Fit persons have been a'fso appointed to take
charge, of her Majesty's jewels .and library, and new
liveries ordered for all the serv,:ants and guards of the
palace and Royal demesnes,"/'
The state of the palace. of Madrid, and of all the
others belonging to the Crown, as those of the Pardo,
Aranjuiz. the EseuriaL,- and San Ildefimso, have been
examined by the pr' ,per architects, and considerable,
stuns laid out on tti,eir repairs. fn litct every depart-
ment of the IV,val establishment :old patrimony has,
been elfrefto).y looked into. and so me hnportant im-
provements made. In speaking o f those e&eted in
Aug, M. Heros gives the following list of the
41 matter of curio-
slito.N7l thi'lreereed'hgvhicesitittibslitsaht:waistf; there consists at
preF,erit of 313 males, 121 colts, t.'l7 fillies, 83 geld-
(Pi Mules. 2 sires of the hot' se kind. 7 ditto of
the largest siied ass kind, and 4 le males of the latter
breed. The reader will be rathe r surprised at the
fewness of the sires of the horse lei nil stated. Titis
usual to use all the carriage hors, !s
explicable by the knowledt.,vl4 the' fact, that it is
of her Majesty for
thispurpose.
Kin the prop sr season arrives, a
number of these are sent don It from Madrid to
A ranjuiz, and having served t be purposes of their
mission, are 6pnveeed back again to the Royal
stables of the capital. M. Hems, however I
s(-4-', Proposes to import some 1 fnglish and Mecklen.
burg sires for the use
of the• 110. 'al stud at Aranjuiz_
Some of the former were in.,04 tht over during the
reign of Ferdinand ; hilt owing to t 1 ie extraordinary dif-
ference. between the temper ()role Tatglish and Spanish
horse, and the timidity of the Spat fish grooms, those
which arrived at. Aranjuiz
were . created more like
beasts than domestic animals, and I believe' soon pe-
rished. If AL Hems, therefore A VW go to New-
market, he. NVill also have tO tait'e cyer r r English