The Sun.
London, England, 1845-04-24 00:00:00

remedies for palpable wrongs, which has been the besetting
sin for very many years of the general policy of England
towards Ireland. That sin, however, there has been
much done during the last sixteen years to wipe away ;
and we retain an unabated faith in the present actual
progress of many more healing and salutary efforts,
pointed to the same great end of political harmo )y,
by afar-seeing and manly, though it may be a some-
what overcautious policy.
Adverting, however, to the question in a general point
of view, and oven admitting due weight to religious
principles, we must look first of all to the safety of the
people—in other words, the existence of our institutions
and the maintenance of British power among the nations
of earth. While these divisions exist a foreign war would
endanger not only the Protestant religion hut the union
of the empire. Ireland is not as it was at the close of
the eighteenth century. Her power has increased ten-
fold. That of America has increased in still greater
proportions, and a struggle—either with that State ( r
France, but more probably with both together—would
alarm even the most unyielding religionist. And what
is to be attained by adhering to the present system
and forcing a religion upon an unwilling people ? Let
the history of Scotland declare. " For the space of 28
years," said Mr. MACAULAY, there was an uninterrupted
series of attempts which rendered that country the
scene cf the most frightful government that was ever
beheld. Then it was that LAUDERDALE on the bench, and
Viscount DUNDEE in the field, exercised ferocities and
cruelties to which even Ireland itself could furnish
no parallel. The horrible torture of the boot was
succeeded on the morrow by the assassination on the
highway, and the excited and savage recusants were
seen to attack the coach of the highest prelate in the
kingdom, and dragging him from it, they cut his throat
in the presence of his daughter, whilst she was scream-
ing for mercy. Peasants attacked dragoons one day,
and were slaughtered by them Ole next. Such was the
state of `.'cotland during twenty. eight years ;-when, at
last, it was discovered that institutions are
made for men, and not men for institutions."
But all these revolting cruelties did not subdue the
Scotch. They resisted to the last, and compelled the
Government to yield. Are the Irish less attached to their
religion than the Scotch ? and if England could not put
down the Covenanters—only a handful of the population—
what chance has she now against seven millions of united
Irishmen?

Madrid joarnals of the 16th have been received. In
one of them it is stated that the Emperor of Moaocco
shows every disposition to adhere faithfully to his en•
gagements with France, and as a proof of this had as-
sembled a body of troops to watch Ann-EL-KADEIt'S
movements, as well to pat down disturbances in some
of the neighbouring States. It was understood that the
Queen of SPAIN would leave Madrid immediately after
the prorogation of the Cortes, about the middle of May,
for the purpose of visiting Saragossa, Pampeluna, and
the principal towns in the northern provinces attached
to the Carlist dynasty.
Madrid Bourse of the 16th.—Three per Cents. fur
cash, 35* ; for Account, 35i ; Five per Cents., for cash,
25k ; for Account, 25 11.16.

The speeches in the House of Commons on the
Maynooth question, and the result of the division, have
excited much interest in all political parties at Paris.
Some of the journals hostile to England attribute the
policy of Sir ROBERT PEEL on this question to fear of
a war with America, and a consequent desire to recon-
cile Ireland to the English Government. "In the speech
of the Prime Minister," says the Presse, "the proba-
bility of a war with the United States, on the subject of
Oregon, was clearly indicated, and it is in order to I e
more certain of its ability to meet this eventuality that
the British Government is endeavouring to put a period
to the internal agitation which divides and enfeebles the
empire. England is now acting as she always has done
when afraid, particularly at the close of the last century,
when the war with Franco assumed an alarming character.
The Bill under consideration, of little importance in
itself, is much more so from the motives attached to it,
and the apprehensions which it betrays." The Refonne
writes :--" France might in a few hours land mon and
arms on the Irish shores. The recollection of the pro-
jects of HOCISE and of the expedition of HUMBERT is
still fresh on both sides of the Channel. But let the ap-
prehension of a collision arise from the distant west, the
British Government suddenly thinks of Ireland, and
holds out to her the prospect of a milder treatment.
Two words of President POLE did more for the unhappy
Irish than all the protocols of the Cabinet of the
Tuileries." The Journal des Debate, which some days
since published a long inconsistent article against Sir R.
PEEL'S policy, evidently not written by the intelligent
editor of that paper, now does ample justice to his mo-
tives and to the honourable conduct of the Opposition.
" The English Parliament," it says," has just offered a
noble example in refusing to give way to exterior pas-
sions which it did not take part in. It is an imposing
spectacle, to behold a Prime Minister risking, without
hesitation, both his official position and his authority as
the head of a party, to accomplish an act which he
deems just, and the bead of the Opposition generously
lending his assistance to adversaries whom he could
overturn if not replace. Such conduct is above all praise."
The Ministerial Globe is equally complimentary :
" To obtain this result (the majority of 147) Sir R.
PEEL has made no concession whatever to the new
friends who brought him their support. All that passed
took place loyally and frankly between the Cabinet on
one side, and the Whigs and ultra-Tories on the otht r.
There was no sacrifice of principle. Happy that country
where reason and questions of State suffice alone to give
a triumph over personal enmities, and to rally to thi
same side persons before opposed to each other." In
fact, all parties in France seem to be struck with the
sacrifices made by both Tories and Whigs, and regard
this union on a great principle of Government as the
triumph of patriotism over petty and selfish interests.

The general discussion in the Chamber of Deputies o❑
the reduction of the Five per Cent. Stock closed on
Monday, and on Tuesday the clauses were taken sepa-
rately. The motion of M. LIADIERES, the KING'S Aid-
de-camp, to postpone the question till next session, was
rejected. Previous to the debate the-Minister of Marine
presented a Bill, demanding a credit of 600,000 f., for
the encouragement of European settlers in the French
colonies.

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
the 22d instant, at 85f. 80c. ; the New Loan, at 86f. 50c.;
the Five per Cents. at 118 f. 25c. ; Orleans Shares,
1,220 f. ; Rouen, 1,110 f.; Vierzon, 860 f.; Havre, 922 e.
50c.; Avignon, 1,035 f.; Basle, 296 f. 25c. ; Belgian Two-
and-a-Half per Cents., 62f. 25c.; Spanish Passives, it
The intelligence from Switzerland is to the 18th inst.,
but it adds little to our previous information. A letter
from Zurich of that date states that " the prisoners con-
fined at Lucerne in two small churches were in the most
deplorable condition, and that, notwithstanding the
efforts making to prevent capital executions, it would be
extremely difficult to save Dr. STEIGEX from the ven-
geance of the conquerors. Hitherto, however, no ma-
gistrate had been found to accept the functions of At-
torney-General in the prosecution of the leaders." For-
tunately, one part of this letter contradicts the othor.
The Swiss are not such savages as to have recourse to
Lynch law.

SMOKE NUISANCE.—The Select Committee of the
House of Commons appointed to bring in a Bill for abating the
nuisance of smoke have again resumed their sittings. In the
voluminous report published by the Committee last year the evi.
dente of numerous scientific and practical men was given, on the
advantages to the public, as well as the economy to the owners
of steam-engines, of tbe adoption of efficient modes of con
suming smoke. The evidence showed that upwards of sixty or
seventy inventions for this purpose have been proposed, and the
principal part of this number have been patented;
and although a vast majority of these inventions have
been proved to be inapplicable or defective, there are still
several which will accomplish the object, or will at least greatly
reduce the evil. Many experiments have been made at her
Majesty's dockyards on some of the most promising of these
inventions with various degrees of success; and it appears by
the reports made from Woolwich and Portsmouth dockyards, that
after a lengthened trial of nearly two years, it has been determined
to adopt Godson's patent smoke.consumi ng apparatus, in the Govern.
ment yards, in consequence of its satisfactory performance. This
invention combines the two principles of coking the coal, and in.
troducing heated air into the furnace, by either of which me.
thods scientific men are agreed that a very large proportion of the
smoke of furnaces may be consumed; and by the joint operation of
the two It is to be expected that the most perfect combustion of the
smoke will be obtained. Owing to the immense increase in
steam-engine chimneys within the last few years, the evil of smoke
has reached a most intolerable height, and it is to be hoped that
the Committee this year will not expend their labour so uselessly
as they did last year, but will devise some efficient plan for corn-
pelting the abatement of the nuisance, since no doubt now exists
as to its practicability and the advantages to be derived from it.

MR. NOTTER'S BENEFIT.—Notter, the civilist and
most accommodating of box-bookkeepers, takes his benefit at the
Surrey Theatre to.morrow, as his own theatres (Covent-garden and
Sadler's Wells) are closed. His bill of fare is attractive, the
elite of Sadler's Wells company appearing, in addition to the ta.
lented company of the Surrey. The lovers of music, too, will be
delighted by the performance of some of the chefs-d'oeuvre of Mo.
zart, Boieldieu, and Auber. The American Samson will appear
and delight the juveniles. These are, however, mere extraneous
aids. The great attraction is the play of Julius &me, cast more
powerfully than it has been for years. Notter eannot fail to have
a bumper.

L
hen
A thefOmlloeewtiinnggrle.saosluthioenldwaast unalonyinad'os
"That the respectful thanks of this meeting, signed by
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the chairman be tendered to his Majesty the King of
the Netherlands, for the valuable set of charts and
books published by the Netherlands Government, from
orderactualwas
forwarded
of
h survey,is isaaat
jonedshtiygs.r,E,aciously presented to Lloyd's, by
Excellency,
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eadboo:teh resolution
Nether-
lands Ambassador for presentation to his Majesty.
TAWELL'S CONFESSION.--We are informed that the
Rev. F. Cox has forwarded a copy of Tawell's confession to Sir
Jinni Oribilll, Mt ono 1 gho judge who trio 4 tits culprit.