The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-16 00:00:00

We have inserted, to-day, a letter on the subject of
claims made by engineers to lines which they profess to
have surveyed, and therefore claim to engross, should
the formation of any line through that country be after •
wards determined upon. Such a claim is sufficiently
absurd upon the face of it ; but as the later deals with
it in a forcible way, and bears the name of the writer,
we have given insertion to it in our columns.
REPRESENTATION OF SOUTHWARK.—(THIS DAY.)—
As ya electioneering matters in this borough have not
taken any very tangible form, the only real business
having been dune by the friends of Sir William Moles-
worth at the meeting last night. To-day Mr. Pilcher,
the only other candidate yet declared, held a private
meeting of his friends at his own residence, out of
which the nucleus of a Committee was formed, and
a room taken for their use at the Bridge
Hotel. Up to a late period in the afternoon, however,
no formal meeting had taken place. Rumours were
afloat yesterday, that Arthur K. Barclay, Esq., of the
celebrated firm of Barclay and Co., intended coming for-
ward in the Tory interest. In answer to this, we may
say that at a private meeting of his friends, held
yesterday afternoon, it was agreed that no gentle-
man connected with that family would contest
the borough. The field is, therefore, at present
between Sir William Molesworth and Mr. Pilcher ;
and if the friends of the latter show no greater activity
than they have already done in forwarding the interests
of their candidate, they will stand but little chance in
contending against such an active and organiz-241 body as
constitute the Committee on the other side.

BANKRUPTCY.-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Commissioner Fax E. )
An applicaation was made by Mr. Hilleary, a solicitor, of
Fenchuich-street, to ascertain whether proof of a debt could
be admitted under the following circumstances :—The applica-
tion was made on behalf of a lady whose husband had died in
Scotland, and she was executrix and residuary legatee. She
had taken the necessary steps to establish her right in Scot-
land, and the question now was, whether she could not, as
executrix, prove against the estate of a London bankrupt.
Mr. HILLEARY submitted that the claimant was entitled to
prove under the Scottish documents, and quoted several cases
wherein foreigners had been allowed to prove.
The Learned CO3fMISSIONER said that he was not prepared
to say that he should refuse to admit the proof of a foreigner,
on proof that all the forms of the country in which he lived
had been complied with, such fact being certified under notorial
seal ; but in this case he entertained doubts whether the
applicant was not bound to take out letters of administration in
the Ecclesiastical Courts of this country. He should like to
know the mode by which the widow became the representative
in Scotland.
Mr. HILLEARY said the will was registered in the Court of
Session, and she obtained the power of disposition and settle-
ment of the estate.
The Learned COMMISSIONER said that Mr. Hilleary had
better take advice on the point. The fiat was before another
Commissioner ; and he, therefore, should not give an opinion
on such a nice point.

SHERIFFS' COURT-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Commissioner Bu Ltocx.)
VERTUE AND ANOTHER V. RUSSELL.
This was an action to recover the sum of 171. 18s. for timber
supplied to the defendant.
'I he plaintiffs are timber merchants, and the defendant is a
builder at Blackheath. The defendant pleaded never in-
eebted and also payment.
It appeared that the defendant had been solicited for orders
by a person named Brembrook, and gave three orders to him
and paid him the amount. The goods had been sent direct
fr..m the plaintiffs' saw-mills, and the question was whether
Brembrook was an agent for the plaintiffs, or was acting on his
own account. In his examination he said that he had a run-
ning account with the plaintiffs, and timber had been supplied
to several other persons, and the invoices were sent from the
plaintiffs, but he (witness) always received the money. He
paid them on account from time to time, but never received
any commission from them. He had fallen into difficulties, and
then the plaintiffs claimed on defendant ; but there was not,
in fact, any difference between that and any other transaction.
He never said he had no right to receive the money, or begged
that proceedings might not be taken against defendant, or he
( witness) would be liable to be prosecuted. One of the part-
ners slid, " That it was an ugly job, as he had no right to get
the money." On this point he was most positively contra-
dicted by a clerk to the plaintiffs.
The Learned JUDGE said the question was, whether the
goods were sold by plaintiff to defendant, or credit was given to
Brembrook. It it was given to the defendant, then the pay-
ment was not good, for it was clear Brembrook was either act-
ing on his own account, or as agent for defendant, and not as
agent for the plaintiffs.
The jury retired for half an hour, and then gave a verdict
for the defendant.

MARLBOROUGH-STREET.
(THIS DAY.)
James Smith, aged 68 years, who is in independent circum-
stances, and resides at No. 26, Green-street, Bayswater-road,
was charged with indecently assaulting a child, named Lucy
Lenghurst, aged eight years.
The offence was clearly proved, and he was sentenced to pay
a flue of hi., or two months' imprisonment.
The prisoner not having the money in his possession was
placed in the lock-up cell.
An elegantly-dressed and remarkably good-looking young
female, who gave the name of Mary Dillon, and who it ap-
pears resides at No. 26, Duke-street, St. James's, under the
protection of a distinguished nobleman, was charged with
having been found drunk and incapable of taking care of her-
self, at two o'clock this morning, under the Quadrant, Regent-
street.
Police-constable No. 62 of the C division, stated that on
passing through the Quadrant, he saw the defendant sitting on
the step of a door apparently asleep. As he was approaching
her she fell on the ground, and on raising her up he found
that she was perfectly insensible. With the assistance
of a gentleman who was passing by he conveyed her
to the station. house, and there found in her possession a 10/,
Bank of England note, and some gold and silver in a purse.
She had also about her a gold watch, chain, and neck chain,
superb gold bracelet, and several diamond and other valuable
rings.
Mr, HARDWICK (to the defendant)—Do you wish to say
anything? The defendant made no answer.
Inspector Plume, of the C division, said that she was dumb
but not deaf.
Mr. HA RDWICK—Has she been so from her birth? Inspector
_I do not know, Sir.
The defendant was ordered to be discharged.

Ma
• —AUNDERS'S RAZOR STROP.—We can speak
from personal experience of the excellent qualities of
,Mr.
George Saunders's metallic tablet strop, which is advertised in
another column. It completely supersedes the necessity of the
hTolniee,dainredctgliorness awnheicxh p
celalcecnotmedagny
eto razor in a short time.
it are admirable. If Mr.
Saunders's rules for holding and manipulating the razor during
shaving be observed, the operation itself is rendered a painless
one, and such a thing as a notched chin is an impossibility.
ExEcurriox.—On Monday, at 12 o'clock, Benjamin
Ellison, an old man upwards of 'sixty years of age, who was
convicted at the last Cornwall Assizes of the wilful murder of
Mrs. Ruth Seaman, at Penzance, was executed at Bodmin.
The prisoner, who exhibited great firmness, confessed his
guilt to the chaplain before ascending the drop.
STOCKHOLM, AUG. s.—lt is reporte(l that an
English mercantile house has offered 1,600,000 S sedish bank
dollars for the iron works and estates of the King, in North
Bothnia, with the share in the rich mineral tract of Gelliwara,
and that the bargain is nearly concluded.

to land the mails and passengers.
The papers by this arrival are filled with particular details
of another great fire which has devastated the city of New
York, a fire approaching in area and amount of property lost
the great fire in 1835. The scene of the present conflagration
borders on that then involved, striking across the city almost
to the Hudson river, and destroying many store-houses oc-
cupied by the first merchants in the city, some three or four
hotels, together with several blocks of the finest dwelling-
houses skirting along the lower end of Broadway.
The fire broke out on the morning of the 19th ult., at
about three o'clock, in an oil-store occupied by a M. Van
Doren, in New-street, a narrow avenue running from Wall-
street to Beaver-street, parallel to Broadway. The exer-
tions of the several fire companies on the spot had very
nearly succeeded in overcoming the element, when it was
found that the fire had communicated to a store-house at the
rear of the burning premises, in which was stored a vast
quantity of saltpetre or some other combustible material.
A few smothered explosions took place, warning the by-
standers of the impending danger, and barely giving them
time to widen the distance between themselves and the
burning pile, when the most frightful explosion took place,
prostrating some half-dozen warehouses in as many seconds,
and throwing masses of burning material high into the air,
which, falling through the roofs of the buildings in the
neighbouring streets, set all in a blaze immediately.
The firemen being prevented, by the fear of a second
explosion, from approaching the conflagration for
some considerable time, the fire obtained tremendous
head-way, spreading in five directions, and defying
the utmost endeavours to extinguish or arrest it. It con-
tinued to spread and rage with astonishing fury till near ten
o'clock, A.m., when its further progress was stopped, in some
directions by change of wind, in others by intervention of
fire-proof roof buildings, in others by the " Croton." Some
three hundred buildings have fallen a prey to the calamity,
comprising the finest part of Broad-street, both sides, a
great part of Exchange-place, New-street, Marketfieki-
street, and one-side of Broadway from the Waverley Hotel,
corner of Exchange-place, as far as the Bowling-green ; also
about three noble dwelling housos on the west side of Broad-
way. From the lower comer of Morris-street, Broadway,
where the fire crossed, it is no less than 120 feet wide; yet,
aided somewhat by the wind, the fire succeeded in baffling
all attempts to arrest it there, and would have ,one clear
down to the Hudson had not a change of wind taken place.
The loss by this public calamity is estimated at from
5,000,000 to 6,000,000 dollars, most of which is covered by
insurance, and as the loss is divided pretty equally amongst
the numerous insurance companies, it is expected that nearly
all will be paid, though several will have to wind up their
concerns in consequence.
It appears a little uncertain how much human life has
fallen a sacrifice; but not fewer than ten or twelve persons
are missing, and thought to have been lost.
At the time the mail left this steam-ship the firemen were
still employed in playing upon the smoking ruins, and in
digging out the burnt merchandise.
The Annexation Question was finally agreed upon in the
Texan Convention on the 4th ult., and Texas now lies under
the protection and government of the " Star and Stripes."
Several companies of United States troops have left fur the
frontiers of the " New State," partly to repel the encroach-
ments of the Indians, and partly to act as a stay against any
operations the Mexicans might commence.
It was considered very improbable that any demonstration
would be made by Mexico, she seeing the utter hopelessness
of such a proceeding, nevertheless the U. S. squadron still
cruised in the " Gulf," and acted as a damper upon any war-
like spirit the Mexicans might think proper to display. In
the meantime large numbers of emigrants are moving to-
wards Texas, and the country promises to become, under the
new rule, a great cotton-growing country, the coming crop
showing a tremendous increase over any former year. In-
deed the Texan cotton crop has been till now quite a dimi-
nutive matter; in future, however, she is to rival the old
cotton-growing States of the Union, in the quantity and
quality of the staple cultivated within her boundary.
Oregon and California still continue to receive their share
of emigration, notwithstanding the unfavourable accounts
lately received of the infertility of those regions. It is now
plainly asserted, however, that emigrants can do much better
nearer home, that is, not further from the Atlantic than the
banks of the Missouri or Mississippi, though, as the taste of
the people lies in getting as far from every one else as pos-
sible, emigration to the " Oregon" will probably still con-
tinue.
The girl Henrietta Blanchard, who made an attempt on
the life of one Pettiway, at New Orleans, her seducer, has
been liberated without trial, public opinion demanding her
immediate release. Pettiway, it appears, had recovered
somewhat, and had left the scene of the affair.
Green, the man who was on trial at Troy, New York
State, when the last packet left, for the deliberate poisoning
of his wife, has been found guilty, and sentenced to be exe-
cuted on the 10th September. The sentence will, no doubt,
be carried into effect, notwithstanding the growing objection
among the public against capital punishment.
The principals in the late anti-rent riots in New York
State have been liberated on bale for one thousand dollars
each. They were fancifully named " Big Thunder " and
Little Thunder." The troubles in that quarter have en-
tirely subsided.
A commission is being fitted out by the United States
Government, for the purpose of rescuing several white chil-
dren, stolen by the Cumanche Indians, and now living in
slavery among them. The Cumanches inhabit tracts of
land lying beyond the interior boundary of Texas, and are
proverbial for their thieving propensities.
The Illinois State Government has commenced work again
at the Illinois and Michigan Canal, assisted by capitalists in
the state.
The manufacturing companies of New England have
declared their usual half•yearly dividends. From the
various reports their affairs appear to be in the most satis-
factory state. Shares in several of the companies command
50, some 45, 50, 35, &c., per cent. premium.
The Pennsylvania papers are rejoicing over the payment
of the Pennsylvania dividend. They regard the credit 01
the State as fully re-established. Two-thirds of the interest,
it appears, is to be paid in cash, and the other third in
cheques to be cashed as soon as funds are received. Stock is
quoted 75i and 75.
The proprietors of the Fitchburgh Railroad have declared
a dividend of 4 per cent. for the past six months, during five
of which the railroad has been in full operation. -
The electic telegraph en Professor Morse's plan will be in
full operation between New York, Boston, and Philadelphia,
in the course of two months. The wires are all ready, and
will be immediately laid through the streets of New York, on
posts twenty feet high.
The deaths in New York, for the week ending 21st ult.,
amounted to no fewer than 474 ! more than 250 above the
usual weekly average. Hot weather is stated to be the
cause, there being no fewer than 30 cases of coup de soleil, or
sun-stroke, besides numerous other cases indirectly proceed-
ing from the intense heat. The thermometer has stood
higher this season in N. I'. than has been known for thirty
years, it being up to 104 in the shade on several occasions.
The corn crops throughout the length and breadth of the
Union, except in Ohio and Michigan, were suffering severely
'rom the intense drought.
Cotton is said to look generally pretty well for a more
than average crop, though growers were hoping for more

rain.
Accounts from Matanzas confirm the previous rumour of
the great fire at that place. Trade was rather dull.
Dates from Port Republicain to the 13th ult. represent the
success of the Haytian troops against the Dominicans in
glowing colours. The island continued in the same state of
anarchy which has convulsed it for the last few years.
Great excitement prevailed at Quebec' among the lower
orders on the 17th ult., in consequence of a prophecy made by
some-insane person, that the remainder of the city would be
totally destroyed by fire on that day. Of course no fire oc-
curred, but the city was in a turmoil for the day.
In Montreal, at the latest date, business was rather dull.
No transactions to any extent had taken place in flour, and
holders seemed inclined to accept rather easier rates.
Trade in New York, which experienced rather a shock
owing to the great fire, had been resumed pretty briskly, and
a large fall in trade is in prospect. The transactions in Cotton
during the last fortnight had been rather limited. Rates re-
main the same.
Exchange on London was at 110 to 1101%, and very firm
at that. Paris, 5.271/2 ; Amsterdam, 391/2 to 39% ; Ham-
burg, 351/2 to 351% ; Bremen, 78 to 781%.
NEW YORK MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS.
SALES AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE, JULY 30.
$9,000 Penn. Fives
5,000 Kentucky Sixes
4,000 Illinois Sixes
25 shares Vicksburg b 3 8
150 Long Islanc'
25 Morris Canal
25 Erie
25 Nor and Wor b 3 70%
15 shares Auburn and Ro.
SECOND BOARD.
100 shares Morris Canal
.25 Nor and Wor.
100 shares Reading
50 Stonington
- 100 Long Island 65%
AT THE PUBLIC STOCK EXCHANGE.
5,000 Kentucky Sixes b 3 100%
• 50 shares Far Loan b6O 35