The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-02 00:00:00

THE FIFTEENTH ANNIVERSARY
OF THE POLE. REVOLUTION.
On Saturday last, being the 29th of November, and
the fifteenth anniversary of the Polish Revolution, the
roles residing in London at tended Divine service at the
Belgian Chapel, London-rotsd. The Rev. S. P. Brze-
eiaski, their fellow-countrymen and exile, officiated, and
deliverked a very impressive discmurse. Afterwards they
assembled at Sussex-chamleers, Duke-street, St.
James's, when
Captain JABLONSKI being unaesimously called to the
chair, addressed the meeting, and depicted the present
state of their unfortunate country, the continued p-
pression, and tthe atrocious cruelies perpetrated on the
Polish nation, without regard to age or sex. The re-
ligious persecution and tortures which the Czar
Nicholas inflicted on his victims, whoseon only crime
wa
that they refused to abjure their re embracedthe Russian creed, were an indeliable blot with which
history would brand the civilisation of the 19th century.
Speaking of their hopes and means for the restoration
of Poland, Captain Jablonski said that a people of
twenty millions might for some time be oppressed, but
would not be subdeed, and if they only concentrated
their own forces and relied on them, no enemy would
resist them. In con lesion, he said, that they must
firmly hope that the time was not far distant when they
would regain their country by their own endeavouverrs.
of
The gallant gentleman was, during the deliy
his energetic speech, much strplauded.
The following resolutions weS'e proposed to the meet-
ing and carried with unanimity :
9Ddd Mr.
Moved by Mr. WIEREINSKI, and see, by
TORLECKI—" That the assembled Poles, ever feithful to
the cause for which they took up arms on the th of
November, 1830, although exiles from their land, but
happier than their brethren who live therein, in being
able to evince their sentiments publicly, do not cease to
protest against all the iniquitous deeds of foreign Powers,
by wh;eh the independence of Poland has been destroyed,
which inde7endence is absolutely necessary, not only for
the welfare or twenty millions of the Polish people, but
also for the balance of power and security of peace to the
rest of Europe. They furthermore denounce to all civilised
nations the tyranny and hypocrisy of the Czar Nicholas,
who, far from relenting in his revenge, day afterday per-
petrates fresh cruelties over the unfortunate Poles, and
endeavours to annihilate their language, their religion,
and every vestige of their nationality, and they solemnly
declare that, treating to Divine Providence and the jus-
tice of their cause, they are resigned to bear the hard-
ship of their exile, and are always ready to take up
alms against their foe, and shed their last drop of blood
in order to restore Poland to her independence, and re-
place her in the rank of free nations."
Moved by Mr. P. F. ZALESKI, and seconded by Mr.
PRUSINOWSKI—" That the Poles, warmly sympathising
with the cause of the free and independent CireSSSIARS,
express their admiration for the bravery, devotedness,
and perseverance of those hardy un
mountaineers and their
gallant chief, Shansi( Bey, in resisting and repeatedly
defeatine numerous forces of the common enemy, the
Czar of Russia, who thinks to destroy their freedom,
and to subject them under his despoils sway ; and that
they hove, sooner or later, to see the caul' of Cireassia
triumph, cud the power and ambition of Nicho!stis hum'
Moved by Mr. JACKOWSKI, and seconded by Mr.
LE3IINSKI—`• That the assembled Poles express their
warmest thanks to that youthful portion of the French
nation who, in an address presented by their deputation
to Prince Czartoryeki' spontaneously manifested their
noble sympathy with the cause and misfortunes of
Poland, and their utmost indignation at the tyrannical
religious persecution which the- Czar continues to exer-
cise in that unhappy country, and especially at the revolt-
ing cruelties and tortures recently perpetrated on the
Besylian nuns, who persisted in refusing to abjure the
faith of their forefathers and embrace the Russian creed."
Moved by Major GIELGUD, and seconded by Major
BEMOWSKI—" That the thanks of the Polish refugees
are duo to the 13ritish nation for the hospitality they
have met with in this country, and for the protection
they have found in its laws. In particular their thanks
are due td the Corporat:qn of the City of London, the
Literary Association of t:::A Friends of Poland, the
Right Hon. Lord Dudley Coatts egNert, and other pub-
lic bodies and private individuals, w 15,0 hue evinced
their sympathy with the misfortunes of P4l'4. sad who
have generously endeavoured to alleviate the ha.. P°""
Lion of the refugees."
Moved by Mr. Szuweewsta, and seconded by Count
VALERIAN KRASINSKI—" That the thanks of the Poles
are due to the editors of the metropolitan and provincial
ioureals who have nobly taken part in advocating the
causcrof Poland, and have painted out to the public the
implacable persecution of which that country is the
victim."
The gentlemen who moved and seconded the resolu-
tions developed them with talent and eloquence, and
were, in the course of their speeches, repeatedly cheered.
Thanks having been voted to the Chairman, the meet-
ing, which was exclusively composed of Poles, separated.

THE LATE BOILER EXPLOSION
AT SUNDERLAND.
On Friday an inquest was held at the Black Swan public-
house, near the Bishopwearmouth Ironworks, before Mr. T. C.
Maynard, Coroner, and a respectable jury, on view of the
bodies of John Sugden, John Oxley, Wm. Phillips, and
Charles Cornforth, who were killed by the accident at the
abov'e works. The room was crowded, and deep interest
evinced in the proceedings.
After viewing the bodies, three of which were frightfully
mutilated, and the scene of the accident,
Mr. R. A. Davison stated that he had the honour to repre-
eclat the Highway Board as their clerk, as the accident had
taken place near a highway ; he also represented a large body
of landowners of the immediate neighbourhood, who fre-
quently pass that way. His object was not to throw blame
on any party, but to try if anything could be done to avert
any such melancholy accident as had occurred. Under such
circumstances, he trusted the Coroner would allow him to be
present.
The ConowEg replied lie certainly should be happy to do so.
John Jenks—l live at the South Cottage, Deptford-road,
and am foreman to the guide mill, that department of the
works in which the explosion took place. On Wednesday
last, at a quarter before eight o'clock in the morning, I was
in the guide mill, adjoining the steam-engine which works the
machinery in the above mill and the puddling mill. The en-
gineman, Thomas Downey, came to me and said the boiler
nearest the engine leaked a little, but, probably, during the
day it would take up and become as tight as a bottle before
night. He did not say where it leaked. When he left me
lie went direct to the engine, and I saw him make prepara-
tions for putting some meal into the boiler, with a view of
stopping the leak. At ten minutes past eight o'clock I left
the works and went home to my breakfast. I had not been
in the house, which is about 200 yards from the engine-house,
two minutes, when I heard a loud explosion from the di-
rection of the Ironworks. I immediately ran to the works,
and found the engine-house and a part of the warehouse
which adjoins it in a state of ruins. The boiler nearest the
engine was removed, and its seat also in ruins.
Mr. David Holsgrove—l live in Mill-lane, and am a smith
anal manager of the Derwent Ironworks. Five minutes after
eight o'clock on Wednesday morning I was in the low yard
of the works, about ten yards from the place of the accident ;
the inert were rolling iron, and all was going on well. I went.
borne to breakfast, which would take me two minutes. On
sitting down I heard a very violent explosion from the works.
I looked out of the house window, from which I had a view
of the works, and observed bricks, tiles, and pieces of timber,
three or four feet long, about three hundred feet in the air.
I ran directly up into the works, and found the engine-house
and rolling-mill, which are under a double roof set upon
pillars, in ruins. The floor was covered with bricks, tiles,
and timber. I called out for millwrights and joiners to come
and clear away, and sent other persons for doctors. John
Sugden was found dead under the fly-wheel. He appeared
to have been killed by the weight of materials which had
fallen upon him. John Oxley was found beyond the hot
well; William Phillips at the entrance of the west side of
the works; he breathed twice, and then died. He had been
killed by the falling of the roof. Charles Cornforth was
found close by the iron rolls, where he was
he workishoutedng. His
clothes were on fire, and my impression is, once,
and then died. The ruin which I saw had been caused by
the explosion of the south boiler. The engine was of 30-
laorse power—a high-pressure engine, and was usually worked
at a pressure of 371 b. to the inch. The boiler was made of
Park-gate plates, which is considered a good description of
iron ; it was three-eighths in thickness. It has been in use
nine months, and was provided with a safety-valve, one on
.each, and a valve between the two, to regulate the water in
each boiler. I have particularly examined the boiler that
burst. and the examination I have made leads me to form
some idea as to the cause of its bursting. There had been
at the time of the explosion a deficiency of water in the
boiler. It is evident, from that examination, that the water
had been below the top of the flues. In some parts of the
sides of the boiler there are marks of its havinebeen red hot.
When a boiler is red hot steam is then rapidly and sud-
denly generated. This would account for the explosion; but
may opinion is, that water had first escaped from the boiler
'upon the fire, and by the sudden generation of steam there
bad been lifted off its seat,. I have known a boiler red hot
and not explode. The seat of the south boiler was entirely
blown down; the wall in which the boiler was planted was
a very strong wall. made of bricks, and two feet in thickness.
There was water in the south boiler, for when it went up
water escaped in various directions.
Several other witnesses were examined.
The Cocoa alt said, the next witness, and the most impor-
tant one, would be the engineman, Thomas Downey, and it
appeared, from the statement of Dr. Brown and Dr. Mordey,
that it would not be advisable to take his examination to-
day. If, therefore, it would be convenient to the jury, he
would adjourn the inquest until Monday.
The jury signified their acquiescence, and the inquest was
accordingly adjourned to Monday.
Three other persons who were injured by the explosion,
ants now remain at the infirmary, are not expected to re-
cove,.. The remainder of them are going on favourably.
Operations are rapidly proceeding with such repairs as are
necessary to recommence work.
TAE VERDICT.
iksiIOPNVTARMOUTII, MOXDAY.—The Coroner and jury re-
asseobled this morning at the Londonderry Arms, !Bishop-
wearre,outh, when, after the examination of one or two wit-
nesses, tiie juryreturned the following verdict :—" That the
deceased, jou. Sugden, and ethers, came by their deaths by
the sudden explosion of a boiler from some cause to the
jurors unknown, and that they
.I,locotn.
asidp.eprrilnhg
3 andthe said John
Thomas
mJ
n Downey,
Robson,
the engineman, censurable for
the engineer, of the leas in tueboliar
Robson censurable fur no., more minutely examining the en-
gine and
THE TAILOIIS'' TIMIN•OUT .AT MAXCHESTER,--10n
. fie meeting of journeymen talk)
Wednesday evening, a pub
C-arratt-road, respecting 'rseaajbojeudt three hundred
mat-
was held in Carpenter's 17:211,
tens connected with the late tu:r:•o.-.t.:sf
of that body. John Nash, Odor, to the chair.
etatti_on were,
Several speakers addressed the meeting,
an.adopted condemning the conduct of certain 1111. r...11,440,r5,
who, it was alleged, had forced the men, to turn-out, L.:""r7
cause they had asked for an advance of wages, but becaus.,
they wished to work on the masters' premises instead of in
their own badly-ventilated dwellings, which were rendered
still more uncomfortable and unhealthy by the system of
home-working hitherto adopted. A memorial to the House
of Commons was agreed :to, praying the House to appoint a
oornmission of inquiry into the sanitary condition of the jour
n
eymen tailors of this town ; and it was resolved that the
Members far Manchester should be requested to present the
memorial, and that Mr.
hßrotherton,M.P. for Salford, should
be asked to support itsth prayer.--Manchester Guardian.
se
Dispatches were yesterday evening from the
Colonial-office for the
Governors of the West India
Colonies. Dispatches were also sent off last evening
for the Governors of New South Wales and South
Australia.