The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-12 00:00:00

infittrill I (*mt.

LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1844.

No popular rights derived from ancient, and almost
forgotten charters, or from local custom having the
force of common law rights, are so liable to produce
encroachment, and even to final usurpation, as forest
rights and rights of common, in the poorer inhabi-
tants of various districts in this country—which are
still more or legs uninclosed. On this account we
have always endeavoured to watch every indica-
tion bespeaking (under pretexts however colourable
or plausible) a design to press an Inclosure Act in
respect of such localities as we speak of. We have
reason to believe that our efforts in these cases have not
been altogether unavailing (in some instances) to
arrest, and perhaps to avert, a species of spoliation on
the ancient rights of the community, and especially
the poor, to which legal chicanery and speculation are
too often not only consenting, but suirgesting awl
abetting parties. By such means it is that in the
neighbourhood of the metropolis, and in the su-
burban vicinity, of all our great towns, by slow, but
sure, degrees, the parish green, the village common,
the green and pleasant lanes, the old tamiliar grove,
with its tall elms or beeches, and its cawing rookery ;
the " close," or the " croft," with its trim hedges,
and its usually nearest path out of the " people's
hive" into the silent but more cheerful country ; the
green, destined for the sports, and even the copses and
woods, resorted to by the holiday folk for their plea-
sure and recreation—one by one disappear. They
are expunged from the very map of the district.
These open spaces, these breathing grounds for the
people, are absorbed, the people know not how, into
the sudden possession of individuals, the people know
not whom. Some interloper drops, as if from the
clouds, upon the land; and it is as effectually secluded
from those who were wont, as their fathers had been
before them, to enjoy its healthful amenities, as if
clouds enveiled it for evermore. What the demands
of increasing trade or extensive manufactures have
not laid off in streets and warehouses, and mills
and factories, these fortunate " squatters by Act
of Parliament," suddenly surround with trenches,
which yield, in due time, to the park fencing, or the
more substantial brick wall. In districts purely
aural, the wondering peasant is first astonished at ob-

serving some favourite ancient tree falling beneath
the axe of a strange woodman, under the authority
of the " strange gentleman" who has just come down
to occupy the great house hard by, and is taking in
his right of common from the waste. In a few days
more, more trees are felled, hitherto regarded by the
same peasant as objects sacred as the neighbouring
church itself from such profanation. The work goes
on. It is everybody's business to challenge the autho-
rity by which it is all done ; and, therefore—nobody
challenges. The villagers are hemmed in, cribbed upon
here ; shut out there ; curtailed in this hundred ;
shifted in that ; till at last neither common nor
croft, nor grove, nor green, nor copse remain to
them. They are ousted. The fortunate owner of
" the large white house" is discovered to be entitled,
under some smuggled-through " Private Bill," to the
fire hundred acres of waste (that had afforded exer-
cise, solace, and health, to five hundred of the poorer
people, haply for five hundred years before), about
the same time that his first drains are cut, and his
first gate-posts are set up.
This is no exaggerated sketch of the history and
results of an Inclosure Act. For many years past
there have been, at least, a dozen of such illustra-
tions supplied by every session of Parliament. But
these are not the only modes in which the rights of
common and waste, that we desire to protect, are
shamefully infringed upon. Let us take, for example,
one of the most perfect and noble sylvan remains of
which this once forest-covered country can now
boast—(and it is within even a walk of the metro-
polis)—we mean Epping Forest. We have lately
witnessed, with indignation as well as regret, the
barefaced encroachments that are being daily made,
on the common forest land, in the immediate vicinity
of the Bald-faced Stag, at the top of the hill above the
Woodford- gate ; again, in other parts of the Forest
in the neighbourhood of the property of Mr.
CONYERS, of Copped Hall ; of Mr. MILLS, near
Theydon ; and at other points which we could name.
Some of the gentlemen whose estates adjoin the
scenes of these encroachments are, if we mistake
not, Forest officers themselves, rejoicing in the title
of " Verderers." Are they, also, the landlords of
the tenements built there ? And if so, under what
title do they assume the power to lease the soil, for
their own benefit ? If they are cognizant of the en-
croachments we speak of, especially the felling of
timber, do they permit them as landlords or as
Verderers ? Who derive the benefit of the timber
felled—themselves or the tenants ? Is it the right of
either ? Does it, or does it not, belong to the
Crown ? Are the Commissioners of Woods and
Forests aware of these proceedings ? May we ask,
too, what took place last week at the "Forty Days'
Court," at which it was understood Mr. COPELAND,
M.P. (who has, with a degree of public spirit and
disinterestedness highly honourable to him, protested
against the inefficient discharge of their duty by these
Verderers), intended to compel more explanations on
these points, or, failing in that object, to originate a
petition to the Crown for the removal of the autho-
rities in question. The matter involves important
public privileges and interests ; and we shall be
happy to receive any authentic information about it.
We cannot afford to see Epping Forest desecrated by
squire jobbing in " waste lands."

The French Opposition journals express great in-
dignation that an entertainment should be given to
LOUIS PHILIPPE in the Waterloo Gallery ; but the
Queen of ENGLAND cannot help this. It is the only
hall in the Castle fit for such a purpose ; and if there
is anything offensive in the name, the complainants
are the parties to blame. The French Imperialists
set us the example. They have their bridge of Jena,
and their pillar of Austerlitz ; and why should not
England have her Waterloo Gallery, Waterloo-
bridge, and Trafalgar-square ? They have Dukes
of Dalmatia, Rovigo, and Montebello. They
have PrincQs, or had, of Ponte Corvo, Moskowa,
Eckmahl, and many other nobles with foreign titles,
all calculated to humble continental States, while we
have not one member in the House of Peers with a
title that can recal any painful feeling to Frenchmen.
If the writers in these journals had any sense of pro-
priety, or common fairness, they ought to acknow-
ledge the fact, and Tender England an act of justice,
by saying that she had shown great moderation in all
her victories, and that only in two or three instances
had she imitated Imperial France. But nothing would
satisfy these fire-eaters. Were Queen VICTORIA to
turn the " 'Waterloo Gallery" into "Louis Philippe's
Gallery," or call it by any other name, however flatter-
ing to their national pride, they would say the new
title was only the offspring of fear, or granted to M.
GUIZOT as a bribe for some atrocious sacrifice of the
interests of France. These remarks are not addressed
to the great body of the French people, whom all who
know them must admire for their honesty and
bravery ; they are addressed to the most bitter ene-
mies of France and England.

It is not once in a dozen years that the Court Cir-
cular furnishes us with a hint worthy of a moment's
consideration, but yesterday the case was different,
ror the following suggestive paragraph appears in it,
on which we propose to make a few remarks which
though they may not be novel, will at least have the
merit of being seasonable :—" The royal and august
party after leaving Windsor Castle, went through
Staines and Sunbury-common to Twickenham, to
the house formerly occupied by the KING of the
FRENCH, when residing in this country, and
now in the occupation of the Earl of MOR-
NINGTON." How many stirring recollections—not
a few of them of an exquisitely painful character
—must hare been awakened in Louis PHILIPPE'S
mind, when he once again stood before the house,
which many years ago he had occupied during his
exile from his native country! Did joy or melan-
choly predominate in his breast, when looking, first on
the well-remembered dwelling, and then on the illus-
trious group by whom he was accompanied, the
contrast between his past and present condition neces-
sarily forced itself on his attention while busy thought
travelled back through a long vista of years to the days
of his comparative obscurity—days which for weeks
and months together rose and set in gloom, and pro-
duced scarcely a single auspicious event on which to
hang a hope for the future ? In all superior minds
there is always a touch of pensiveness bordering on
melancholy, and we can readily believe that the first
sight of his old house raised in the French KING'S
breast emotions rather of sadness than joy, notwith-
standing the triumphant position which he now
occupies as guardian of the peace of Europe. He
could not but have thought, with a sigh, of the
friends who once sate with the humble exile beneath
that roof—of the brothers who shared his confidence,
and were to him as a second self—and, more espe-
cially, of the clever, sanguine Duraoußtuz, under
whose auspices he made his first essay in arms, and
who—had he succeeded in his schemes—would have
raised him to the throne of France. All these have
long since passed away ; the winds of many winters
have sighed over their graves; and Louts PHILLIPE
now finds himself the chief actor in a totally new
scene--conspicuous in an age which in some respects
is the direct antipodes to that of his youth and man-
hood—surrounded by new men, and influencing a
new generation whose political sympathies are little
in accordance with those of its predecessor. It
is a striking proof of this great Monarch's
worldly sagacity that he has been able, at his
11
advanced time of life, to accommodate himself with
such flexibility to the altered character of the age.
LAFAYETTE, his distinguished contemporary, carried
with him to the grave the republican principles which
he maintained in youth ; NAPOLEON, even after his
crushing defeat at Waterloo, still held in the Cham-
bers the language of the despotic EMPEROR ; CHARLES
the TENTH could risk a throne, but could not, not-
withstanding the pressing necessity ofthe case, abate one
jot of his prerogative ; CARNOT, LAFITTE, and BEN-
JAMIN CONSTANT, all died as they had lived, steady,
inflexible advocates of the revolutionary principle of
democracy ; but LOUIS PHILIPPE—Who would almost
seam to be incapable of deep-rooted impressions—can
change with the change of times ; uphold Republi-
canism in youth, and in age, task the utmost
powers 'of his intellect to crush it throughout
France. Truly, he is an extraordinary man,
and—notorious
as has been his political
tergiversation—we can scarcely find it in our hearts
to condemn it, when we remember the benefits it has
conferred, and still continues to confer, on Europe.
Elad Louts PHILIPPE, like LAFAYETTE, remained
true to the Republican convictions of his youth, a war
of Propagandism would have commenced in isuo,

which would most probably have continued unabated
to the present day.

Mr. SMYTHE'S late eloquent speech at the Man-
chester Athenaeum seems to have proved too strong
for the delicate digestion of the Morning Post, which
made some rather severe strictures upon it on Wed-
nesday, and renewed the subject on Thursday. The
young and ardent member for Canterbury having
stated that there " is an old and natural alliance be-
tween literature and commerce," our perverse Con-
temporary, whom no one can please ; who, like VOL-
TAIRE'S Prococurante, looks on everything with an eye
of distrust and hopelessness ; and who appears to have
reduced to system the Nil-Admirari principle of
flouAcm—our wayward Contemporary, we say, im-
mediately bristles up, and thus replies to Mr.
SMYTHE'S statement :—" We deny that there exists
any old and natural alliance between literature and
commerce. When such an alliance has existed, the
terms of that alliance have always been the reverse
of honourable to literature. The spirit of commerce
never yet conceded to the spirit of genuine philosophy
equality of social influence with itself ; far less has
the spirit of commerce ever bowed to the supremacy
of the highest forms of intellect. The alliance be-
tween commerce and literature has been, in short, the
sort of alliance which connects the master with the
slave—the luxurious lord with the parasite." This is
an undoubted truth, when applied to the connexion
between aristocracy and literature, but when applied
to that between commerce and literature, it is as un-
doubted a falsehood. The aristocratic spirit has
never yet conceded to the literary spirit " equality of
social influence with itself," but has uniformly kept it
at an awful distance—flattering it, it is true, at times,
and encouraging it, and making condescending
speeches to it, and admitting it to the honour of its
presence ; but always insisting on its confessing
its marked inferiority, and playing the part of an ob-
sequious dependent. Look at the Dedications of
DRYDEN, YOUNG, and others of our great authors,
and see there the sort of conduct that was expected
to be pursued by genius towards its lordly patrons !
Look at the compliments of POPE—who well knew
the temper of the men he addressed, and won their
favourable suffrages in consequence—and see in what
terms a poet was expected to address his aristocratic
superiors ! On the other hand, mark the fate of
JOHNSON, who was left to pine in solitude and neglect
for the best years of his life, with scarce sufficient
means to provide for the day's meal, merely because
he refused, in the manly independence of his nature,
to flatter the self-love of the great, and approach them
on bended knees, as though he were the slave, and
they the master ! " I was never a favourite with
Lords," says the philosopher of Bolt-Court, in Boa-
WELL'S inimitable life of him—" because they do not
like to hear the truth, and I would not tell them
falsehoods." Again, in later times, remember the fate
of BURNS, who was first petted, and flattered, and
lionized by the Scottish aristocracy, and then coolly
left to starve, and fret his very soul away in that ex-
quisite agony which despised and neglected genius
only can feel, merely because he was conscious of his
own high calling, asserted the dignity of manhood,
and refused to bow in abject adoration before the
shrine of rank !

The Post's observation, then, we contend, is
true, as regards the alliance between aristocracy
and literature,- but false as respects , that between
commerce and literature. Who were the gene-
rous, the steady, the unaffected patrons of genius
during the palmy days of Venice, but the enlightened
merchant-princes of that Magnificent trading city ?
Who not only admitted the social equality of TITIAN
but even his social superiority, but these same worldly,
enterprising spirits ? Who fostered the arts and
sciences, and mind, in its most imaginative form, when
the greater portion of Europe was comparatively unci-
vilised, but the leading commercial inhabitants of
Genoa, Florence, and the other Italian Republics ?
Who drew forth from obscurity and indigence, and
were the most assiduous, unassuming patrons of the
intellectual spirits of their country, but the merchant-
princes of the house of MEntcr? It was not Italian
aristocracy, but Italian commerce that protected and
rewarded, and acknowledged the social equality of
genius. The former was too much engrossed with its
own ambitious ♦iews—too much addicted to war and
bloodshed—to the acquisition of this town or city, and
the destruction of the municipal privileges of that—
to be able, even supposing it had the inclination, to pay
attention to the peaceful claims of intellect. The
benefits conferred by aristocracy on literature are
soon summed up. The former has always received
from the latter much more than it has bestowed, and
has ever been too proud to acknowledge the full extent
of its obligations. But who shall number up the
benefits that commerce in all ages of the world has
been the means of conferring on intellect? Had it
not been for the gradual extension of commercial
enterprise among mankind, the world would still have
remained in comparative darkness ; and literature, in-
.tead of being what it now is, the want of all, would
have been a superfluous luxury appreciated only by
the few. Mr. SMYTHE, therefore, never uttered a more
sterling truth than when he maintained that
there was a " natural alliance between commerce and
literature." In this great trading community of ours
—for what, after all, is England but a nation of shop-
keepers ? we say this to her credit, though NAPOLEON
used the term in an insulting sense—the commercial
spirit mast ever he the greatest benefactor to the lite-
rary spirit. Each acts and reacts advantageously on
the other. Trade furnishes the means by which in-
tellect lives and thrives ; and intellect, in turn, brings
its softening, elevating influences to bear on the
stern and practical nature of trade. Is it the aristo-
cracy that are everywhere encouraging the spread of
Mechanics' Institutes, book-clubs, and reading-rooms;
that founded the Durham and London Universities;
and originated the Society for the Diffusion of Useful
Knowledge ? Far otherwise. These are Institutions
with which they have but an imperfect sympathy ; it
is the middle classes—and chiefly those who are en-
gaged in the pursuits of commerce—that have origi-
nated them, and that are still earnestly engaged in
furthering the sacred cause of education among the
masses, while the aristocracy are content to look on
with a feeble, supercilious, and condescending ex-
pression of approval. It is commerce that commences
the great work of civilisation among nations by
bringing them in closer and more harmonious com-
munion with each other, and literature that com-
pletes the august task. The one acts as the pioneer
to the other. Commerce prepares the rugged soil to
receive the seeds which literature sows. Commerce
without literature is like SAMPSON shorn of his hair
—a giant, it is true, but one from whom the true,
manly, invigorating spirit has departed; but the two
combined triumphantly bear down all obstacles op-
posed to their progress by ignorance, prejudice, or
self-interest, and tend to uplift Humanity to the
highest point of elevation!

The Madrid Gazette of the 3d inst. contains a royal
decree, appointing a number of Senators. With one
exception, they belong to the Government party. In
reference to reports of a division in the Cabinet, and
the probable resignation of certain members, the
Globo says : _ _

" Although the alarming reports circulated by male-
volence be destitute of foundation, they nevertheless do
harm. Those rumours and calumnies, however, will
cease after the opening of the Cortes. Then everybody
will have an opportunity of defending himself, and con-
tradicting personally any statement offensive to his cha-
racter, and all the Ministers may then proclaim to the
world that they hold themselves equally accountable for
all the acts of the Cabinet."

MADRID BOURSE, 3D INST.--Three per Cents., 27i
for Account; Five per Cents., 20i for Account ;
Floating Debt, 66 for Account.

Not one of the Paris papers of Wednesday an-
nounces the arrival of Lours PHILIPPB in England.
As he reached Portsmouth at an early hour on Mon-
day, the intelligence might easily have been conveyed
to Paris in less than forty-eight hours ; but this is
only one proof among many of the little aptitude of
our neighbours for the dispatch of business. Pass-
ports and Custom-houses and Octrois obstruct the tra-
veller at almost every step, and time which might be
profitably employed is wasted only in delaying trade
and commerce. The journals, however, if they have
no news on the event, have abundance of comments
on what they take for granted has occurred at
Windsor Castle. The Quotidienne, while annoyed at
the visit, endeavours to pluck up courage by referring
to the victories of the French under the ancient house
of BOURBON. " It is unfortunately not possible for
us," says the CARLIST organ, " to remake our history.
The name of the Duke of WZLLINGITON is connected

for us only with mournful reminiscences, and if it
recalls any personal event to the courtiers of the
Tuileries, it is perhaps the refusal to accord a com-
mand to the Duke of ORLEANS in 1811, and the de-
claration made in 1815, to the feeble party which then
declared for that Prince, that the Duke of ORLEANS
would never accept the crown before the extinction
of the reigning family. Marshal SOULT was well
received in England, without doubt; but it is not
merely because he had taken a glorious part in the
wars of Germany and Italy, but because he had
been unsuccessful since 1809, in his encounters
with the English. Oporto, Albuera, Bayonne, Or-
thez, were reminiscences which British pride was de-
lighted to recur to, in beholding the Marshal, and the
English showed the more eagerness to fete him, inas-
much as his military merit gave more relief to their
success. Admiral in GRASSE, after the unfortunate
combat of Des Saintes, was enthusiastically received
in London. He had twice beaten the English before
his defeat, and it was precisely because he was brave
and able that the English were so happy to have been
at least once more able or more fortunate than he.
SUFTREN, LA, MOTTE-PIQUET, LA. GALISSONIERE,
would not have received in London, after their vic-
tory, the reception which De GRASSE met with after
his reverse. The mind of our neighbours is so con-
stituted. We are therefore strongly disposed to be-
lieve that the reception reserved for the travellers to
Windsor is less a homage than a proof of the inte-
rested preferences of the British Government for a
dependent and devoted rig,ime. As to us, very diffe-
rent from those who complain at beholding the grand
dignitaries of the Government and the Court of
London coming to meet the cortege from France, we,
on the contrary, find this proceeding very proper•
When, in the ancient monarchy, the Kings of ENG-
LAND came to pay homage to the King of FRANCE,
for the possessions which depended on the Crown,
our Sovereigns sent the first Noblemen of the Court
to meet them. Since, tha,-iks to the Ministers, the
parts are changed between us and England ; it is
just that the starting point of the ceremonial should
be so also!"

M. THEIRS' journal thus adverts to the grand ban-
quet to be given in the Waterloo Gallery :
" The Waterloo Gallery at Windsor, in which the
grand entertainment is to be given to the King of the
French, is ornamented with a number of portraits,
amongst which are seen to figure the Sovereigns and the
remarkable men who, in 1815, concurred in the invasion
of France, and in the degradation of her influence by
treaties. The first in point of consequence is the Em-
peror Alexander of Russia. next the Emperor of Austria,
the Duke of Wellington, and Prince Talleyrand. Louis
XVIII. and Charles X. are not forgotten. History has
said why ? But what is at least strange is, that through
an attention which was intended to be delicate, and
which fortunately was not merited, the Duke of Orleans,
at present Icing of the French, figures himself amongst
the men to whom those painful recollections are attached.
The Queen of England would have done well to have
chosen another gallery for her banquet. It was sufficient
that the King of the French mould have appeared there
in effigy."
The Siecle charges M. GUIZOT with selling himself
to England, but though the Minister is mentioned
by name, the imputation is meant for a higher per-
sonage :
We are not animated with a feeling of hatred to-
wards lingland, but we cannot help recollecting and re-
senting the repeated insults offered to our country. If
the British Government had endeavoured to make us
forget by some generous proceeding the odious broach of
faith of 1840, we should consider it our duty to acknow-
ledge it, and congratulate ourselves upon it, for by that
means the friendly understanding between the two na-
tions would_ have been re-establiShed. Unfortunately,
we -have no such fact to record, and many others have
occurred to excite still more our just irritation. The
same feeling, we know, is not shared by the Minister_
(M. Guizot), who appears to have undertaken the mis-
sion of immolating to the merchants of London the in-
terests and honour of our country. He has received a
favour from England ; after foolishly engaging his word
in a treaty, he withdrew it, on the injunction of the Par-
liamentary majority. This was a serious grievance for
the English Government ; its indignation would have
been rented against any other Minister, and a reparation
demanded. But the Cabinet of London knew its man,
and took good care not to injure British interests by in •
sisting on his dismissal. The English have a right to
be pleased with him and to feast him ; he has paid his
debt at the expense of the national interests and of
France. Why, then, should we feel flattered or grateful
for the interested ovation preparing for their liegeman
on the other side of the Channel ? A day will come
when England will appreciate the value of French alli-
ance ; but that alliance, founded on mutual good rela
tions, will offer itself spontaneously, and not allow itself
to be sold."
The National after a brief notice equally compli-
mentary to the Foreign Minister changes the scene,
and denounces his policy in Spain :
" Nowhere has the policy of M. Guizot been so
flagrantly exposed as in Spain. The Government
which oppresses that country is his work—he preponde-
rates in its councils. Ile encouraged the insurrection
,vhich produced the present Government, and he re-
ceived the Golden Fleece as a reward. Since the return
of Maria Christina, Spain has no longer a constitution.
The arbitrary Government of Ordinances has replaced
the prescriptions of the law. The intrigues of the palace
supersede the deliberations of thd Chambers. The taxes
are levied without having been voted by the Chambers.
The single fact is sufficient to characterise this abomin-
able re-action. Orders were sent to Saragossa to dis-
cover the pretended authors of the murder of a General
who perished during a night of alarm and of civil war.
The persons accused were citizens, but they
were tried by court-mere al, and after an interval of
eight years, some were coademned to death, and
others to the gallies for the term of their natural
lives. . . A general cry of indignation was raised, and
the clemency of the youeg Queen was appleaacleedamtoo,nbgustt
h
her mother was near er, d the Queen declred that
she would grant a pardoann if the sons of the General
awohuolrdrocro-nsstreunct.k
pTophueleaxtieocnution then tookT place
liberty of
the press is suspended, and property confiscated. Eutire
provinces are placed in a state of siege, and even in
places where there exists no pretext for such a measure.
There is no security for individuals against the good
pleasure of the sabre. A denunciation is sufficient to
authorise imprisonment, proscription, or death. It is not
necessary to recal to the recollection of our readers the
seventy-two deputies imprisoned, without cause, the
editors of public journals dragged from their beds to be
thrown into dungeons with robbers, the massacres en
masse which covered with blood the walls of Alicant and
of Carthagena, and the permanent spoliations exercised
in Catalonia." _ _

The adjudication of the offers for forming the line
on the Orleans and Bordeaux Railway took place on
Wednesday, before the Minister of Public Works.
The biddings wese as follows :---Messrs. MACKENZIE.
PATTERSON, and Co., offered to take it for 28 years
all but 17 days ; Baron ROTHSCHILD, for 31 years
and 9 days; and M. DROUILLAHD for 36 years and 1
day. Messrs. MACKENZIE and Co., being the lowest
bidders, were declared the contractors. This raised
the shares of the MACKENZIE Company from 60f. to
100 f. premium. The Orleans and Vierzon line was
adjudged to the existing Orleans Company for a term
of 40 years, the Orleans Company ceding to that
headed by Messrs. La CONTE and Co., one-third of
the shares.

---- -
TIM BOURSE-WEDNEBDAY, OCT. 9.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cuts ..
Bank of France......... 118 75 .. 118 80 .. 118 75 .. 118 75
Four-and-a-Half 111 80 .. 11] 80 lll 80 .. 111 80
Three per Cents B2 10 .• 82 20 .. 82 10 .. 82 15
Lai-bite Bank, 1,0001 Sharesllo2 50 ..1102 50 ..1102 50 ..1102 50
Portuguese Five 3070 .. 3070 .. 30G2 50 .. 3062 50
5,0001 Sharessos2 50 ..5052,50 ..5050 .•6050
Belgian Fives,lB4o ....., lO3l .. 1031
Belgian Bank
.. 1031 •• 1031
*Aoanish Threes ........ ~
per Cents 49-1 .. 50 • 491 .. 50
Neapolitan . 88 70 .. 98 80 .. 98 78 .• 98 80
.
1 •• 106 .• 106
• 06 .• 106
RAILWAY SHARES.
.. 261 25 .. 265
St. Germain. ••
Versailles, R.B. 385 .. 385 385 .. 385
Rouen ..••
Rouen to Havre ...... ......
27:15 255 ... 2765 i
50
..
755
..
757
50
Avignon to Marseilles.. •• .. 765 • • 765 ' 765 '• 765
RAILWAY SHARES FOR THE ACCOUNT, OCTOBER 15.
Versailles, •••• • • • • •... 385 385 •• 385 .. 385 .. 385
L.B. •
261 25 .. 265 • 261 25 .• 265
Rouen • •
Rouen to Havre .. 757 50 .. 757 50 . 757 50 .. 757 50
Orleans .........•......... 990 —lOO2 50 .. 990 ••1000
Strasburg to Bale. •.. • • .... 266 25 •• 267 50 .. 265 .• 267 50
Avignon to Marseilles.— 765 .. 767 50 .. 765 .• 767 50

---
ACCIDENT AT TUB NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.
—Yesterday morning, about ten, a man named Charles
Hunter, thirty years of age, whilst working upon some
scaffolding near the Victoria Tower, fell therefrom with
his right arm and side upon the teeth of a large stone
taw. The poor fellow was immediately conveyed to the
WestminAer Ilospitz.l, where he remains, in a dangerous
state.
THE BIRMINGHAM QUARTERLY MEETING OF THE
SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE IRON-MASTERB.—BIRMINCHIM,
THURSDAY.—To-day the gentlemen engaged in the abort
trade met at the Town-hall, for the transaction of busi-
ness. The attendance was most numerous and respect-
able, and included the leading masters in this part of
the country. It was very hard to obtain anything like
accurate information of the state of the trade; but after
many inquiries amongst those upon whom I can rely, I
was enabled to arrive at the fact that the prices of the
last quarter will be maintained. The masters will meet
on Saturday at Dudley, when they will come to a final
resolution upon the subject. I consider, however, it is
now so far settled that no reduction for the preseit can
be anticipated. I have reason to believe a good deal of
importance was attached to the meeting of to-day. It was
feared that prices could not, however, be maintained.
'they
will be
found
hare,however,
been upheld, and I hope that the
result t
justify
the decision. The accounts
from London of the general state of the market had a
good effect, and inspired confidence. There was also a
tolerably brisk demand for iron, and the meeting on the
whole nii4 eatiefaetory,

FLANDERS and HAMBURGH MAIL.

BRUSSELS, OCT. B.—On the 7th of this month Mr.
Thomas G. Cleurson had an audience of the Minister of
Foreign Affairs, and delivered his credentials as Charge
d'Affaires of the United States of America of this Court.
A melancholy event has excited a great sensation in
the diplomatic body at Rio de Janeiro. M. de Schanz,
Consul• General of Sweden at the Court of Brazil, has
attempted to commit suicide, in consequence of having
been discharged by his Government. The dose of
arsenic which he took was not strong enough to produce
the intended effect. There are hopes of saving him;
but still it is feared that all the care bestowed on him
will be unavailing, so determined does he seem to put an
end to his life. M. de Schanz, having exhausted all his
resources in supporting the dignity of his office, was
driven to this act of despair at the moment when ho ex •
pected to be appointed Charge d'Affaires.
If we are rightly informed some modifications havebeen
made in the original draft of the treaty of the Ist of
September. These modifications are of little import-
ance; the object of them all is better to define the arrange-
ments respecting the navigation in the out-ports. A
clause has been inserted in anticipation of the case, that,
instead of increasing the duties on foreign corn, the
Zollverien should diminish, or even suppress them. This
case was wholly omitted in the original draft. It is here
that the Prussian Government at first proposed altera-
tions much more important, but they were all given up
the Prussian Government having throughout manifested
a desire to do away with everything that might delay the
final conclusion of the arrangement.
We are informed that the treaty of the Ist of Septem-
ber has been ratified by all the States interested, includ-
ing Belgium. It may, therefore, be immediately pub-
lished and carried into effect.

ALTENBURG, SEPT. 26.—Applications have been
made here, and from Bavaria, for permission to build a
church for the Roman Catholics (thirty-eight persons).
The Duke, however, has not granted it. To Bavaria
an answer has been sent, courteously attending to the
condition of the Protestants in that country. In the
answer given at Altenburg, the grounds for rejecting
the application are stated at length, and the persons in-
terested are required, at the same time, to determine
what shall be done with the 2,000 florins received from
Bavaria.

VIENNA, SEPT. 28.—The report of the accession of
Bohemia to the Zollverein, has excited a great sensation
here, chiefly because the most important Bohemian
manufacturers have magazines here. This important
affair is generally spoken of, and though there are some
who consider so bold a measure as injurious, and even
impracticable, general opinion is decidedly in its favour.
Bohemia would probably gain considerably by it, and
the advantage would doubtless be shared by the whole
empire. We remember that the Bohemian manufac-
turers have officially declared that they are fully able to
compete with those of Germany.
VIENNA, SEPT. 27.—The news of the accession of Bo-
hemia to the Zollverein, with which some German news-
papers amuse their readers, is certainly false. The ac-
cession of Bohemia, without the other German pro-
vinces, seems to us to be absolutely impossible, for it
cannot be supposed that Austria will ever think of break-
ing the connection of Bohemia with Vienna, Moravia,
and Hungary, and to offer nothing for the separation but
a very precarious result. The accession of all the German
provinces (that is, without Italy, Hungary, and Galicia)
would be difficult, but the accession of Bohemia alone
may be pronounced to be wholly impracticable under
present circumstances.
ST. PETERSEURGII, SEPT. 28.—The Northern Bee
states that General Count Alexander Benkindorf, who
was returning from Germany on board the Hercules
steamer, died on board on the 23d inst. off the island of
Dagoe.
HAMBURGII, OCT. B.—The Swedish Journals of the
Ist give long accounts of thecoronation of their Majesties
on the preceding Saturday. The ceremony was per-
formed according to the programme previously pub-
lished, and the whole passed off in the most perfect
order. The spectators were deeply impressed with the
religious character of the ceremony. The city was
splendidly illuminated in the evening. On the following
day the Ambassadors of Great Britain and Denmark
had the honour to present the congratulations of their
Sovereigns.—Hamburgh Papers, Oct, 8.

BELGIAN FUNPS,Batissims, Oct 8.
Actua Debt, 2%, per Cent., ..... ... . ......
Rothsehild's Loan, Five per Cent . 102%
Loan-of Thirty Milliona,..Four per Cent............- 98h „
. :Three,per
--- Thirty-seven ditto
(1840) lOB%
1644 ...... •••••• ..... ••••• .......... 10.1!
Loan of City, 1843,•F0ur per Cent lO3
Society of Commerce, Four and a Half per Cent —
Bank of Belgium, Five per Cent CO%
Issue of 1841
—Brussels Papers, Oct. W.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Vunors, Om 2
Five per Cents. Metalliques- llO%
Four par Cents. lOO
Three per Cents. '76
Bank Shares
Aligemeine Zeitung, Oct. 1
HAMBURGH BORSENHALLE, Oct 8.
Bills. Money.
Austrian 5 per Cents.
Bank Shares 1640

Anglo-Russian Loan 114% 114%
Russian 5 per Cent., Ist series, Certificate losq 105
Inscription, let series — 1053(
Russian h per Cent. Hope and Co., 3d and 4th
Series - -- 09

~eves — e. 4
Ditto in Certificates ..... .....- ......... ...... ....- 99%
New 4 per Cent. (1840).. 91% 9'
Dutch Act ial Debt, 2 Cent. .. 61,, 61

......cn Actu. !% per , -
Ditto 5 per Cent.
Angio-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent. —
Spanish, New 5 per Costs.
Polish Bonds
New Tickets •••• ....... .... ••• -

MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS t
CITY, EItIDAY EVENING.
The English Stocks closed at steady quotations,
Consols being 1001 for Money and Account. The
other investments were marked at the same rates as in
the morning.

No increased animation was perceptible in the Foreign
Market. Spanish left off at 23i / for the Five per
Cents., and at 34 slf a. the Three per Cents. Colom-
bian were 14i Belgian were 104
The additional transactions in Railway Shares have
been these :—Bristol and Exeter were 8 ; Bristol and
Gloucester, 154 ; Churnet Valley, 21 ; Dublin and
Cashel, 8 ; Kendal and Windermere, 14 ; Lancaster and
Carlisle, 4 ; Liverpool and Manchester, 102 to 103 ;
Birmingham, 1131 to 113 ; Ditto, Thirds, 34-i to 35 ;
South-Western, 32i ; Croydon, 3 ; London and York,
1 • Midland, 91 ; Northern and Eastern, 12+ ; Norwich
and Brandon, 6 to 51 ; South-astern, 7* ; Trent Val-
ley, 71 ; Yarmouth and Norwich, 7i ; Central of France,
I.+ ; Orleans and Tours, 31 ; Paris and Lyons, ;
Paris and Rouen, 19 to * ; and Rouen and Havre, 94
premium. Blackwall have been 10+ to 101 ; and Brigh-
ton, 3/ discount.
The foreign exchanges were steady.

(From The Sun of Last Night.)
The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were 5.000
bales, all to the trade. Prices remained steady, and
holders did net press sales. There were 200 Egyptian
taken at 50. to 64d. ; 400 Surat at 21d. to 3-Id. ; and
the rest American, at 34d. to sd. per lb.—A large
business was done in Shares, at the previous rates. Bir-
mingham and Gloucester, Quarter, 264 ; Bristol and
Gloucester, 46 ; Chester and Holyhead, 71 ; Churnet
Valley, 3i; Eastern Counties, 13-i- ; Grand Junction,
Quarter, 524; Great Western, One• Fifths, 26 ; Liver-
pool and Manchester. New. 35; London and Birming-
ham, 215; London and Birmingham, Quarter Shares,
24*; Midland Counties, 1114; North Union, 120; Shef-
field and Manchester, Quarter, 13k; South-Eastern, 404;
South-Eastern, New, 13 ; York and Selby, 40; Lyons
and Avignon, 445.
The revenue accounts have been the general subject
of conversation in the City, and, as expected, they leave
a surplus of income over expenditure, the state of trade
having improved lately. The general state of affairs is
satisfactory as shown in this official statement, though
there are many who think we are slumbering in rather
an insecure position, and that although doing a compa-
ratively good business, and having abundance
of capital, the natural effect of a rally after
so many years of suffering and depression, we are ex-
posed at any time to a violent reaction. Some curiosity
is felt to learn what Sir Robert Peel will propose with
regard to the income-tax, when the term for its continu-
ance expires. The Commissioners for the Reduction of
the Debt will again have a surplus for daily investment,
but whether the greater part will be appropriated to the
redemption of Exchequer Bills, or of the permanent Se-
curities, is not yet ascertained. The former,
bearing the highest rate of interest, are the
greatest burden on the country, but then it is always
considered prudent, and we hold it to be more especially
so now the desire for railroad speculation is so great,
to leave a tolerable amount of Government floating secu-
rities in circulation.

We learn from Bremen that there were never before
so large a number of emigrants waiting in that port for
embarkation. The fact appears to be that a company
formed at Frankfort on the Maine and which has bought
extensive tracts of land in the Rio Colerado districts of
Texas, is inducing Germans to leave in droves.
The Stock Market is more buoyant to-day, business
having been resumed in many of the " shut Stocks,"
which are now marked ex. dividend. Consols are 1004
again for Money, and for Account we should call them
1001 to 4. Bank Stock is marked 2034 to 2061 without
the interest ; and India Stock is 288 so 289. The New
Three and-se Quarter per Cents. bring 1021 to 103.
Exchequer Bills are 755. to 775. prem.
The Foreign Securities have been at about previous
rates. In Spanish there is not much doing. They are
23f 4 for the Five per t vents., and 344 4 for the Three
per Cents. Portuguese Converted Bonds have been
504 to 51. Mexican Stock is quiet at 341; and Colom-
bian at 144. Brazilian Stock is worth 834 to 864; and
Peruvian, 26. Belgian Bonds are 1044. Dutch Two-
and-a-Half per Cents., 624 4.
The Railway Shares have been quiet again. The
new opposition line to Portsmouth affects South-
Western. The French lines are very brisk, e-pecially
the Orleans, Tours,-and Bordeaux of -Mackelzie, which
haa, fibtained- gittnt ;:Trom",:ttlea Fre4Wl
though, we apprehentivupbn terms which aratoo favour.
able to the -State, and only, like/ly. -to 'lake 240' it ore
exacting. " • •-4-•

PRICSE OF BRITISH FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
3 per Cent. Consols. Annuities.. ...«....„....».« 10034 20834
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 99Y4 100
8 per Cent. Consols. Anne
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuitiest. lO3 10X%
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan. ..... 12 1-164
India 5t0ck..................29 288
India 80nd5,1,000,, 94
Ditto under 1,000..».«.«..,.......... ••••••••••••••••
Bank Stack for Account •••••••••• 00000 ••••••••« 00000 209
Consol, for Account .......„....1,„•1•„•„.«,«•• 100%
Exchequer Bills.
1„..0001. 00•••••111.0000011••••••1
OUW...•••••••••••...--

INd. 114 d.
75 pm.
75 pm.

Ditto Small... •" •••••••• •• •••••••••• 77 pm.
Ditto Advertised........,
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Belgian Bonds, 5 per Cent 1043(
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent. ..................... 85% 8634 85%
Columbian Bonds.. .. . . .. * .
Danish Bonds, 1825, 3 per Cent.
Idezioan Bonds, Ism, 5 per Cent.. .«:»
• Ditto for' the Account 54%
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent. .....
Ditto Converted ........ ....... 50%% 51
Ditto for the Account. 50%.
Spanish Bonds, Five per Cent 213
Ditto for the Account 23
Ditto Passive Bonds .......... ..." .....
Ditto Three per Cent. ..».«.«.».».».».».»
Ditto for the Account .....».».«.».......».« 3434

Dutch 2j~ per Cents '''''
'''''''
6•2iZ%
Dutch 5 per ''''' . ........... 98

- .
PRICES OF SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK.
RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SNARE.
to
Bristolßirmingham and Gloucester.... 100 ....... 105
80 .... ..... 44%
and Gloucester
5 .... ..... 4% ...... to
Caledonian
%
Chester and Holyhead
255 .......
........• 1% ..
4 ..... to
1% to 14%
_3
Eastern Counties ...............
Edinburgh and Glasgow ..» 5O ....... 02% U.... to
Great North of England. lOO ........125
Great Western ... ..... „ . ............ 75
Ditto % Shares
Harwich
London and Birmingham. lOO .... 214 . to --
London and 81ackwa11............. 16%
London and South Western ...... 41%
London and Croydon
London and York.... .......
Midland Counties lOO .......110 ... to
Newcastle and DarlingtonJunct 2l ........ 47% ....., to 48
North British 5 .... 5%
Norwich and Brandon .....»..... 0 .....».. ... to
Ditto New —2,,.. ..... 3
South Eastern and Dover ......... 325¢
Ditto New ..»....»....»....„.».. 4
York and Northildiand ......... 50 ........106%
Ditto % Shares... ...... . .... ...... 25
Ditto Scarboro' Branch ......... 10 ....„... 33
Ditto Selby Scrip
Central of France... ... 2 ........ 4h...
Boulogne and Amiens .. 2 ....... 43%
Orleans, Tours, and Bourdeaux,
j 1
(d'Anthouard's Company)
Paris and Orleans 2O ..... ... 33%
JOINT STOCK BANKS.
London and Westminster 3O 26% to
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE. OCT. 10.—We have
had an extensive business doing, with but little variation
in prices.—Birkenhead and Manchester. 2/ premium ;
Accringtous, 3 ; Churnets, 4 ; Belfast Junction, 4f ;
Huddersfields, 41. 5.16 ; Ormskirk, 2/ ; Leeds, Half
Shares, 50 ; Manchester and Birmingham, 51+ ; Man-
chester and Buxton, 2 1-16 ; Midland, 110 f ; Lincoln-
shire, 21 ; Sheffields, 96 ; Euxton, 2f ; Dover, 40f +;
Paris and Strasbourg, 2 ; Water-Works, 59k.
CLOSING PRICES. NM
BRITISH FUNDS.
Bask Stock .... .......... ....... 20634 Indian Stock.." 288
3 per Cent. Red la) Ditto Bonds ......... ..... 94 pm.
3 per Cent. Cons. .....» lOO% Ditto Old Annuities ...
3% per Cent. Red Ditto New Annuities ..,
New 33( per Cent. 103% Ex. Bills, 1,0004 134 d ... 77 pm
New 5 per Cent.
Long Annuities to expire I Ditto Small 77 pm,
Jan 1860 l2 1-18% Bank Stock for Acct.... 209
Oct. 1859 lConsols for Act. lOO%
Jan. 1860 — India Stock for Acct ...
FOREIGN FUNDS.

Austrian, 5 par Cent ......
Belgian, 5 per Cent 103%
Brazilian Bonds
Buenos Ayres, 6 per Cent 37
Chllian, f per Cent
Colombian, 6 per Cent
Ditto, 1824
Cuba Bonds, 6 por Cent
Danish, 3 per Cent
Greek, 1825, 5 per Cent —
Mexican, 5 per Cent
Ditto, 6 per Cent., 1837 —
Peruvian, 1825, 6 per Cent ln

Portuguese, 5 per Cent —
Ditto, New Ditto —
Prussian, 5 per Cent —
Russian, 5 per Cent Cent
Ditto, Metallic
Spanish, 5 per Cent
Ditto, 3 per Cent 34%
Ditto, Deferred —
French, 5 per Cent. —t —c.
Exchange —f. —c.
French, 3 per Cent. —f. —c
Dutch, 2% per Cent 62%
Ditto, 5 per Cent ....
__ _

• . . - ---
SHARES. . ' ---
Bristol and Exeter (70 paid) 73
Bristol and Gloucester, 30 paid
Dublin and Cashel, 5 paid
Kendal and Windermere, I% paid 4
Lancaster and Carlisle, 5 paid l4
London and Birmingham (Stock)
Ditto, New 'Thirds, 2 paid
London and Blackwall (161. 13s. 4d.) 634
London and Brighton (50 paid)
London and South Western (411. 6s. 10d. paid)
Ditto Eighths (15s. paid)
London and Croydon (Trunk) 16%
London and York, '24 paid
Midland Counties (100 paid) 109%
Northern and Eastern (45 paid)
Norwich and Brandon, 6 paid ll%
South Eastern and Dover (33 2s -id paid) .....
Trent Valley, . paid 9%
Yarmouth and Norwich (IS paid)
Orleans, Tours, and Bourdeaux, 1 paid
Paris and Lyons, 2 paid
Paris and Rouen. 20 paid .....,.., 39%
Rouen and Havre, 10 paid 21%
COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—(YESTERDAY,)
Amsterdam CF. 12 6i Gibraltar —
Ditto, at sight l2 4 Leghorn 3O 50
Rotterdam 9U. 12 7 Genoa 25 85
Antwerp 25 90 Milan —
flamburgh M.B. 13 14 Venice .. .. 47
Altona l3 14 Naples ........ .......... 39i
Paris, 3 days' sight 25 60 Palermo, per oz llB
Ditto, 3 months 25 85 Lisbon 5.-}
Marseilles
Bourdeaux 25 90 Rio Janeiro 23
Frankfort on Maine.. 121 Bahia 23
Petersburgh, 3 Us... 37 Buenos Ayres —
Berlin 7 NewYork,2ldys sight
Vienna, effec. fl. 3 M 952 Philadelphia —
' Trieste ditto
Madrid 364 Foreign Gold, bars..£3 17 9
Cadiz
Bilbao 36 New Doubloons..... 0 0 0
Barcelona 36 New Dollars 0 4 9;
Seville — Silver in ears 0 4 11i

TIIE WEATHER.—A delightful change has taken
place since Thursday. The temperature is much
warmer, the barometer has risen nearly half an inch,
and during yesterday we had gentle breezes from
the south-west, with bright sunskine. The " Queen's
weather," in fact, has returned to the gratification of
her Majesty and her Royal visitor.
The steamer Antwerpen, Captain Jackson, arrived
at the St. Katharine's Wharf, Tower, on Thursday
after a passage of twenty hours, effected against wind
and tide. The Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Carew, Count Bra-
now Mr. and Mrs. Chohnley, Mr. Fonblanque, the Rev.
Mr. Palmer, &c., were amongst the passengers. This
packet got up to Antwerp on Monday morning last at
the early hour of seven o'clock, thereby allowing the
passengers for Cologne three hours and a half to repose
thchnelyss greTiCIUSly to Ntititliag by the railroad,

. ,:.t.,.. rte:: :.4f. • , .
c.-- N,-: ~ ~ ~,T ett`,l44‘' ''
, *
kl-)"''''' '‘?'o7.-M..''.., late,
, -,....._-.... ..... T ~,drilitb 0, (i• ~ . ,
..... ,
.iN
. . ~.,
...,„,
z.-,01*,, ~I, lizir,,,,,' t
~i 1.... Er 1 ...40 • s';''''.:Ahe ,-110 ' 11l '7*' . -
Ai1;;......,7*, A.' - NIIIPt --.