The Sun.
London, England, 1844-08-27 00:00:00

"

INVENTORS and other GENTLEMEN in the
possession of INTERESTING MODELS or WORKS of ART,
who intend to deposit them at the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTI-
TUTION, aro respectfully requested to forward them on or before
the 31st inst., in order that they may be inserted in the REVISED
CATALOGUE. All such works are received gratuitously, and the
depositor has free admission to the Institution. Working Models are
Daily Explained, and, where the subect admits, are
,esbed in a
Lecture. R. J. LONGBOTTOM Secretary.
N.B. The Institution is open Daily, as usual.

FINCIILEY.
TO BE LET, UNFURNISHED, at a very
moderate rent, and entered upon immediately, a compact
FAMILY HOUSE , with flower and kitchen gardens, small stae,
chaise-house and harness-room, delightfully situated at Church-enbld.
The house contains a dining-room and two parlours, entrance-hall,
and handsome oak staircase ; front and back:drawing,rooms, com-
municating by folding-doors, and five bed-rooms on the upper floor
large kitchen, scullery, and wash-house, and ample cellaring. The
premiss are well supplied with excellent water from an hydraulic
pump.e An omnibus goes from Finchley and returns three times
a day.
For further particulars, apply to Messrs. Adam Murray and Sons,
Surveyors and land agents, 47, Parliament-street.

PEEL'S « PILOT BALOON."
It was clear, on the evening when Sir Robert Peel,
in the course f the debate brought on by Mr.Villiers's
motion on the corn-laws, pledged himself, in plainer
terms than is his wont, to stand by the sliding-scale
as it is at present constituted, that the country
gentlemen were not altogether satisfied. Either
there was something in the matter or the manner
of the Minister which engendered doubts of his sin-
cerity at the very time when he appeared to be most in
earnest ; and it is clear, from their organs of the press,

INFLUENCE of BURYING-CLUBS in
AUGMENTING the MORTALITY.

PREMIUMS ON THE DEATH OF CHILDREN.
In the evidence of one of the physicians examined
before the Commissioners of Inquiry into the state of
large towns, &c., whose first report has just appeared,
we observe these words :—" I used often to observe
great apathy in a certain class about the death of
their children. They did not seem to look on the
death of the young as the great evil which it is com-
monly regarded ; they said, God took care of young
children who died ; that their death did not matter
much ; that life was full of hardships and misery, and
that the child was provided for when it died.' This
feeling I found to be rather c0mm0n."—(3,313, p.
203). The picture here presented is true to nature
so far as it goes ; but the shades in which it must be
finished, we regret to say, are of a much deeper grain
than those yet laid on. There is not merely indif-
ference among the labouring population of England
in regard to the death of their children ; in some
places there is a positive premium upon the
event, and that to such an amount that instead of
Dog-stealers' Bills, and Chimney-sweepers' Bills; and
Blacklegs' Bills, we shall, next session of Parliament,
have to get some intelligent legislator to introduce a
Bill to prevent English men and English women
from being accessory, in cold blood, to the destruc-
tion of their own offspring !
The new sacrifice to Moloch is perpetrated in this
way : soon after a child is born, it is entered on the
books of as many burying-clubs as the parents can
cpmmand funds to pay for. The sums subscribed to
each is but a few pence, or even half-pence, weekly ;
so that parties being in full employment can some-
times afford to have the name on the register of ten
or a dozen of these societies. And the investment
may always be made a profitable one : the hapless
child has but to be killed by exposure, by neglect and
worse treatment, to give these unnatural parents a
claim upon the several societies of which they have en-
rolled their infant a member, to the extent in all, per-
haps, of 301., 401., and even 50/.!
We feel the hot blood rising to our cheek, as the
outward sense follows the pen that is fixing indelibly
such statements as these, which will soon be before
the public in all their revolting details, authenticated
by the Commission whose first report is referred to
above.
What comment shall we make, what comment can
be made, upon a state of society so horrible—a state
of society in which one of the first and most power-
ful impulses of the human heart is set at nought ?
Tigers and wolves give suck, and laying their savage
natures by, tenderly wait upon and cherish their
young. Man and woman, made more than wolf or
tiger by force of circumstances, beget children in the
prospect of deriving pecuniary advantage from their
death!
The difficulty of living, the recklessness that is en-
gendered by the pressure of vice and misery, and the
daily and familiar contact with them, lead men first
to despise the laws of God, which are also those of
nature, and then to defy the laws of man—to set fire
to the rick that contain the harvests which their own
hands have toiled for and gathered, and so to de-
stroy in an hour the bounty of a year—to smother
natural affection in their hearts, and doom their own
flesh and blood to premature death, that they may
have a fuller meal and a draught of beer the more !
Great God! is it not horrible ? 'What may be done
to abate the fast accumulating load of guilt and in-
famy under which we must needs be whelmed if we
sit supine ? We put it to our brethren to meditate
this subject, and to use the light and information they
so commonly possess for the illumination of those
among our men of rank and influence with whom, in
the course of the holidays, so many of them are
brought into contact. Let them remind these our
leaders that the time is not long gone by, when de-
fective legislation raised the price of a perishable hu-
man carcase to such a height, that it became a tempta-
tion to commit murder ; and that at one time sub-
jects were selected for the dissecting-room in the
streets, just as sheep and oxen are selected for the
shambles in the fields.—llledical Gazette.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNIILLL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Bmpowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The steady success and increasing prosperity of the Society has
enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a
second Bonus, averaging 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each
Policy effected on the Profit scale.

CONVEYANCING.—A SOLICITOR, of seve-
ral years' practice, PREPARES CONVEYANCES on the fol-
lowing terms, viz. :—Leases, 21. 10s. ; Assignments, 2/. 2s. ; Bills of
Sale, 1/. 10s. ; Wills, Bonds, and Deeds In general, on equally mode-
rate terms. Purchasers of property at public auctions will find a
saving of 50 per cent., and the title thoroughly investigated, by ap-
plying at the Offices, 1, Bouverie-street, Fleet-street. Letters for
11. M. attended to. Debts recovered, free of all charges to creditor,
for a commission of 10 per cent. Unexceptionable references.

thatttphhreee
their
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rbhaai eestl.
Dundas, of Ipswich, who earned for himself the sou-
briquet of Peel's " Pilot Balloon" immediately after
the last election. The circumstances were these :
Amongst the loudest of the hustings pledge-givers to
stand by the then corn-laws was this Mr. Christopher.
He had even the calm effrontery—it was effrontery
in a man who derives all his standing in society
from having been lucky enough to marry a good
fortune—to tell his constituents that, if Sir Robert
Peel dared even to breathe a hint against the corn-
laws, down he should go again into private life with-
out ceremony. Well, this cool gentleman was elected
by the farmers, who were taken in by his matchless
intrepidity. He was sent to Parliament to watch
over the Tory Ministry, and to put it out, like a
farthing rushlight, should it ever look treason at the
corn monopoly. Not many months, however, elapsed
before Mr. Christopher again made his appearance
among the rural swains. What, in the meantime,
had passed between him and the Premier, what he
had said to Sir Robert, and what Sir Robert had
said to him, no one knows ; but, at all events, he as-
tonished the farmers, at this second meeting, by prophe-
sying of things to come, and assuring them that they
would not be so bad, after all, for the agricultural inte-
rest. Hence his name of " the Pilot Balloon," inasmuch
as the event, when
a Par
the moment bat unched liament again met, amply jus
the
-
tified the surmise, ly
Times newspaper, that Mr. Christopher was commis-
sioned by Sir Itobert Peel, who, from the prefer-
ments showered upon his family, it is certain, had
taken a strong liking to him, and had a very high opi-
nion of his judgment, to prepare the way among the
country gentlemen and their tenantry for the changes
which he was proposing. But what of all this?
Who is Mr. Christopher, that we should so long
dwell upon the doings of such a nil in public estima-
tion ? Only this. When we see a shadow, we fancy
that the substance to which it belongs cannot be far
off. When we hear the howling of the jackal, we
expect that the roaring of the lion will presently
begin. Mr. Christopher has again been talking, and
in a style which makes us believe that he is again the
avant courier and " utensil" of his worthy
master. He is reported to have made the fol-
lowing ominous remark at the Horncastle agricul-
tural meeting, held last week :—" Improvements
like those which this society promoted had reduced
the price of wheat in forty years thirty per cent.,
leaving as good a profit to the cultivator as at the
higher rate. This was the true way of promoting
the welfare of all classes, which hurried and ex-
travagant legislation could never do." This is to be
" the ticket," good Mr. " Pilot Balloon," is it ?
Sir Robert is presently to tell the agriculturists,
that the time for a further change is .at last
arrived ; that, judging of the future by the past, and
calculating what improvements in agriculture can do
by a reference to what they have effected, the British
cultivator will be able still, as Mr. Christopher says,
with fair profits, to sell his corn at such reduced
prices that he need not fear the competition of
foreigners. The wind points in that direction,
we feel sure, and, before long, we shalt see the
great " monster balloon" borne along by the same
current in which "the pilot" is now sailing. Mr.
Christopher is not a very clever person, but he has
just small curiiiiiig enough not to commit himself to
such things as we have quoted without having some-
body at his back to bear him through all scrapes
into which his valorous marching in the van of Mi-
nisterial tergiversation and treachery might lead him.
We cannot say of the parties now before us, that
Ulysses spoke, but Minerva prompted. We must
rather put it, Christopher found the words, but Peel
inspired the thoughts.—Liverpool Albion.

'LBS.

o 5 .
4 '-5 ,!4° . -------
ts' Premiums. :.r, Bonus Bonus In p: g no t ...., ,.., .2, PUBLICATIONS.
p p . 4 added. Cash. —6' a 4'
0 --46.---.
§a 5 ‘C 4 5 MURRAY'S HOME AND COLONIAL LIBRARY.
' .C..' 'z''l fa. On August 31st, No. XII., post Bvo., 2s. 6d.,
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X Xs. d.' 'X s. 41. s. d. Xs.d.X s. ds THE LIVES of 9LIVER CROMWELL- and
1837 170 9 3 77 5 1 12 3 2 346 2 3 JOHN BUNYAN. By ROBERT SOUTIIEY, LL.D.
G 0,10091 74 3 4 1838 144 2 2 61 i 6 916 4 296 13 4 John Murray, Albemarle-street.
I I '1839 116 16 0 51 ill 711 9 247 4 i
Now ready, Nos. I. to IX. of
------- mg rvi r r-, AT TN f 1 NT T CiITP N. AT-

Now ready, Nos. I. to IX. of
EIUNT'S LONDON JOURNAL.
Tho Last New Novel,
The Last New Play,
The Last New Book of Travels,
The Last New Poem,
The Last Now Music,
the best of the Old, and the newest of the New, in Literature, the
Arts, awl Science ; with a fearless commentary on Men and Things,
and a faithful reflex of the Spirit of the Passing Hour. Sixteen
Quarto pages. Price Three Half-pence. Part 11. will be ready with
the Magazines, price Eightpence-halfpenny, containing more matter
than an Octavo volume.
Office, 10, Bolt-court, Fleet-street, where select advertisements
will be received.

The division of profits is annual, and the next will be made in De-
cember of the present year.
This institution offers many important and substantial advan-
tages with respect loth to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured kas, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
fbr terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CA.MROUX, sec.

DISEASED AND HEALTHY LIVES
ASSURED.
MEDICAL, INVALID, and GENERAL LIFE
OFFICE, 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON.
TRUSTEES.
Charles Hopkinson, Esq., Regent-street.
Sir Thomas Phillips, Temple.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L., Doctors' Commons.
DIRECTORS.
Edward Doubleday, Esq., 249,
Great Surrey-street.
George Gun Hay, Esq., 127,
Sloane-street.
J. Parkinson, Esq., F.R.S., SO,
Cambridge-terrace, Hyde-park.
Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S.,
17, Wimpole-street.

DR. SILVER ON PILES, FISTULA, &c.
Just published, bound in cloth, price 55., ; by post Is. Gd. extra.
ON the CURE of the DISEASES of the
RECTUM and ANUS ; particularly Prolapsus, Piles, Fistula,
IDemorrhoidal Tumours, Excrescences, Ulcers, and Strictures,
WITHOUT CUTTING or CONFINEMENT ; illustrating the origin
and progress of these diseases, and the success of the Author's mode
of treatment in numerous cases, The whole embellished with Plates
from Nature. By E. D. SILVER, M.D., Physician Accoucheur.
Sold by Sherwood and Co., 137, Strand ; J. 011ivier, 59, Pall-mall ;
Maclachlan, Stewart, and Co., Edinburgh ; Fannin and Co., Dublin ;
and also by the Author, No. 70, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury-
square, London.

C. Richardson, Esq., 19, Bru.
ton-street, Berkeley-square.
Thomas Stevenson,Esq.,F.S.A.,
37, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Robert Bentley Todd, M.D.,
F.R.S., 26,Parliament-street.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L.,
I Doctors' Commons.
AUDITORS.
John Pursord, Esq., 7, York- J. Stirling Taylor, Esq ,
terrace, Regent's-park. I 14, Upper Gloucester-place,
Joseph Radford, Esq., 27, I Dorset-square.
Cambridge-terrace, Hyde- Martial L. Welch, Esq.. Wynd-
park. ham.place Bryanston-square.
STANDING COUNsEL--.lohn Shapter, Esq., Lincoln's Inn.
B &Nimes—Messrs. C.Hopkinson and Co., Regent-street.
SOLICITORS Messrs. Richardson and Smith, 28, Golden-square.
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL STATISTICS—WiIIiam Farr, Esq.,
General Register Office.
ACTUARY—F. G. P. Nelson, Esq.
This Office is provided with very accurately constructed tables,
by which it can assure unsound lives on equitable terms.
Similar tables enable the Society to grant increased annuities on
unsound lives, the amount varying with the particular disease.
Members of consumptive families assured at equitable rates.
Healthy lives are assured on lower terms than at most ether
offices.
The first Life Assurance Society commenced business in 1705,
and the principles of life contingencies, understood at that time to
a very limited extent only, have repeatedly undergone important
changes and improvements; but till the establishment of this So.
ciety in 1841 no attempt had ever been made to assure the lives of
persons who suffer from disease.
The science of statistics has only within a recent period been
successfully applied to the duration and mortality of disease, and
hence tables on the probability of these results could not have been
formed ; and it would evidently have been unsafe and hazardous
for any society to have undertaken the risk of assuring the lives of
persons afflicted with any particular malady. The statistical in-
formation, however, now collected, and in possession of this office,
is of so great an extent as fully to warrant the extension of life
assurance to such cases, and, in fact, to place the application of life
assurance on diseased lives on a more secure basis than even that
on healthy lives.
It is hoped that while kept clearly in view that this Society, in
common with other offices, will assure the lives of healthy persons,
it is as yet the only one established to assure the lives of persons
labouring under disease ; and to this latter feature particular atten-
tion is directed.
In the first place, because it opens a larger field for business than
all other offices can have unitedly ; and in the
Second place, because that branch of assurance must, from Its
own nature, be less hazardous, and its principles rest on a more
permanent foundation.
These are two highly important facts, and we shall enter into an
explanation of each ; and first, as to the prevalence of disease.
The period of life most important to an assurance office is that be-
tween 15-60 years of age, and in the following remarks we refer
exclusively to this period of life.
It will be found that the deaths in the metropolis for the two
years preceding 1842 were, from all causes, 30,518 ; and from
consumption alone, 10,688 ; showing that mere than one-third of
the total deaths in that period of life takes. place from the preys.
lence of a single disease ; and if the same inquiry were instituted
with respect to other diseases, such as asthma, dropsy, diseases of
the head, heart, &c., it would be found that more than one-half
of the whole population would, on medical examination, be refused
admission into an assurance office. If the inquiry be carried to
the principal towns in England, like facts are elicited-1n Bir-
mingham, Liverpool and Manchester, the deaths from all causes,
per annum, are about 5,023, while those from consumption are
1,988, forming considerably more than one-third of the whole. The
same thing will be found to hold good in the large towns in Scot-
land, in six of which the deaths in a given period, from all causes,
amounted to 23,078, those from consumption alone to 6,359, and
from six important diseases, 9,754 ; in the latter case forming more
than 42 per cent. of the deaths from all causes. On reference to
the returns from the city of Glasgow for 1836-1840 it will be
found that the deaths in that period, from all causes, were 14,107,
from consumption 4,087, and a list of five diseases, 6,423, being
more than 45 nor cent. of the deaths from all causes.
The diseases here alluded to are such as exist in general in a
chronic form, frequently for many years prior to death, but which,
on a strict medical examination, would effectually exclude the
persons so affected from the benefits of life assurance ; and since
it thus appears that a majority of the population is included in this
class, the value and importance of the new feature of this society
cannot fail to be justly appreciated.
The second point to be explained is the fact that there is
much less risk in assuring diseased lives. This is a feature of
paramount and vital importance to the interests of this society, and
deserves to be carefully considered.
The real risk incurred in all assurance transactions consists in
the chance to which an office is liable of experiencing a different
degree of mortality from that expected by the tabjes on which its
caculations are founded. This difference is termed the fluctuation
of mortality, and will be found to be much less among diseased
lives than over the general population, and among selected lives.
The deaths from consumption in the metropolis per annum are
sufficiently near the annual number which takes place in Glasgow,
from all causes, to admit of a comparison, and by reducing the
matter to figures it is found that while the fluctuation per annum
in the latter case is as high as 45 per cent., In the former it is only
9 per cent., or, in other words, the fluctuation of mortality in
consumption was only one.fifth of the other; and in Manchester,
Liverpool, and Birmingham, even with the disadvantage of
smaller numbers, the fluctuation does not exceed 3 per cent.,
showing a remarkable uniformity in the law which determines the
mortality of this disease, and that it is more positive and absolute
in its results than that which regulates the general population.
Consumption has here been selected, not because it was consi-
dered more favourable in its results, but simply on account of the
larger numbers affording a more satisfactory proof of the question
under consideration ; but the same test has been app.ied to a great
number of other diseases, and like results obtained. Among nine
diseases in the metropolis, including asthma, dropsy, rheumatism,
disease of the liver, of the heart, of the nervous system, &c., the
fluctuation was only 71 per cei.t. , and in five diseases in a different
district the fluctuation was about 7 per cent., while among eleven
in another locality, and even with small numbers, the fluctuation
did not exceed 6.9 per cent. ; and" taking the principal towns in
England, including Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Leeds,
Sheffield, &c., the fluctuation over eleven of the more important
diseases was 6'4 per cent.
The remarkable uniformity in these results cannot fail to pro.
duce a conviction of the positive character of the law of mortality
in disease ; indeed, there scores to be nothing within the whole
range of the doctrine of probabilities so well defined as the mor-
tality of diseased lives. The mortality of the general population
has frequently been referred to by writers as an example of the cer-
tainty of common events, but the preceding remarks must show with
how much greater certainty the mortality of diseased lives can be
depended on.
It is perhaps right to state, that, in applying the test of
fluctuation to disease, it has not beers confined to one place or
class of lives, but has been extended to the principal towns in
England and Scotland, as well as ta many rural districts in Eng-
land, and included the experience o one or two large societies of
select lives. This has afforded an opportunity of judging of the
effects of locality and its sanatory condition on the duration of
life, and a remarkable fact has thus been developed, viz.,
that the value of life generally is much greater in the coun.
try districts than in large cities; but that of those persons
who suffer from disease the value of life is nearly the same. As
an example of this—the expectation at the age of 30 in the country
districts is 36.7 years; in cities (viz., Glasgow) 27.6 years—diffe-
rence 33 per cent, nearly; but take the case of persons of that
age in whom the consumptive tendency is developed, and who will
ultimately die of consumption, and their expectati,es of life in the
counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk, will be found to be 14'5,
in cities (Glasgow) 14.4, and in the metropolis, Manchester, Bir-
mingham, 13'9 ; difference 'Ol7 per cent. (or 1.57 per cent.) It
therefore appears that while the difference between country and
town life in the former cane is about 33 per cent., that in the latter
instance (consumption) the difference is almost nothing, and the
results nearly uniform. The same thing holds good with some
other diseases, which have been investigated in this manner, This
fact, although not generally understood, is only what might have
been expected by a careful consideration of the conclusion formerly
arrived at—that the fluctuation of the law of mortality in disease
is confined within a very narrow limit, and consequently little in-
fluenced by external circumstances.
Ithence appears that the fluctuation in the mortality of diseased
lives is much less than a:nong select lives and the population gene-
rally, and therefore the risk of assuring diseased lives must also be
less.
To apply this conclusion to the affairs of an assurance effice, it
may be stated, that supposing the number of lives in a society,
taking only select lives, was such that the table of mortality would
indicate 100 deaths per annum, it would be necessary to have
always sufficient funds at immediate command to meet 145 deaths;
on the other hand, an office assuring only diseased lives need not
provide for more than 109 deaths per annum; that is to say, the
risk of aasuring diseased lives is to that of average lives as 9 to 45,
or only one.fifth. This fact is highly important to the interests of
this Society, and establishes beyond doubt the safety and correctness
of the principles on which it is founded.
For further information, reference is made to the prospectuses
and other published documents of the Society, which may be ob-
tained on application at the Society's offices.
F. G. P. NEISOIT, Actuary.

REMOVED FROM BIRMINGHAM TO LONDON.
Just published, price 2s. 6d., and free by post (in a sealed envelope)
Price 33. 6d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
Human Frailty and Physical Decay, its causes, and the
baneful effects of excessive indulgence and infection, illustrated
by engravings, with observations on Marriage, and directions for
the removal of certain disqualifications.
By R. and L. PERRY and CO.
Published by the Authors, and sold at their Residence, 19, Berners-
street, Oxford-street ; also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Purkis,
Compton-street, Soho; Noble, 109, Chancery-lane, Crocker, 1,
Milford-lane, Strand; Ward, Strand (opposite Exeter-hall) ; Wil-
son, 358, Oxford-street (two doors from Argyle-street); Phillips,
264, Oxford.strect ; J. Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, Lonk:on ;
Guest, 51, Bull-street, Birmingham ; and by all Booksellers in
Town and Country.
The CORDIAL BALM of SYRI ACUM is exclusively directed
for the cure of nervous and muscular debility, impuissance, &e.
Price 1 Is. and 235. per bottle. Sold by all Medicine Vendors, of
whom may be had the " Silent Friend." The Five Pound Cases
may be had as usual.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS are the most effectua
cure for syphilis and secondary symptoms inboth sew, price 2s. 9d.
Is. 6d., and 1 Is, per box.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. A minute detail of cases is ne-
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for Consultation, at
their residence, .19, Bernet s-street, Oxford-street, London, from
Eleven till Two, and Five till Eight, and on ays from Ten till
Twelve. One personal visit only is effec Sunto norm anent cure

LAME itT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, A Nli ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c.
" Ho who if' pleasure's downy arms
Ne'er lost his health or youthfu lcharins,
A hero lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me behold a man I"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 124. 6c1.,
or sent by post, free, to any address, 3s. 6d.„
QELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on
those concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses,
and terminating In Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, and all those Sinkings, Anxieties, and Tremors, which
afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain. Directions for
their perfect RestGiration.
By SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon,
9, BEDFORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member •f the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecary's Hall, London,&e.
" The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in-
herent privileges of mankind, as a frequently marred and prevented
through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such,
among others, this Essay addresses itself ; and by its perusal many
questions'may be satisfactorily adjusted that adroit of no appeal even
to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette.
" The design of this work will be tolerably obvious from its title,
and we cordially recommend the author and hi s book to all who are
cdflering from nervous debility and general weakness."—Wakefield
Journal.
Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and
52, Paternoster-rew • Starie, Tichborne-street, Quadrant, Regent
street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery-
lane; Gordon, 1.46, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Three, and from Five till Eight.

HERRING TRADE.
ABERDEEN.—The fishing continues pretty fair for
this week, considering the somewhat rough weather.
Saturday last averaged 10 crans ; highest boat, 29
crans. Tuesday—several had from 6 to 8 crans ;
average, 3 crans. Wednesday-14 boats only out ;
average, 5 crans ; highest boat, 15 crans. Thursday
—all the boats out save 3 ; several had 8 to 15 crans ;
erage, 4 crans. Friday average, about 8 crans.
PETERIIEAD, AUG. 22.—The fishing has been re-
tarded very much, this week, by the stormy state of
the weather. Our average is only 82' crans; at this

- -
SPORTING IN TELLIGENCE.
TATTERS ALL'S—YESTERDAY.
The return of several of the subscribers from York
did not lead to any improvement in the St. Leger bet-
ting ; the only horses in any real demand were The
Cure, Ithuriel, Red Deer, and Foig-a-ballagh' and upon
them the outlay was inconsiderable. No disposition
whatever was shown to back Godfrey, Joe Lovell, or
Lightning. The closing quotations were-
-3 to 1 agst Lord Stanley's Ithuriel—take 7 to 2
3 to 1 agst Mr. Salvin's The Cure—take 7 to 2
8 to 1 agst Mr. J. Scott's Bay Manus
9 to 1 agst Duke of Richmond's Red Deer—take 15 to 1
10 to 1 agst Mr. Vane's Valerian
13 to 1 agst Col. Anson's The Princess—taken
13 to 1 agst Mr. Irwin's Foig-a-ballagh—taken
25 to 1 agst Mr. Meiklam's Godfrey
5 to 4 agst Ithuriel and The Cure—taken.
THE GREAT YORKSHIRE HANDICAP.—Mr. Jaques's
A British Yeoman and Semiseria were left in this handi-
cap through an omission of the clerk of the course, and
will not run. The Artful Dodger was inquired after at
12 to 1, but no business done.
EGHAM RACES. -
The following is an outline of the stakes and p•
lates to
be run for at these races this day:—
3 yrs—
" The Cup.—Elegance filly, 4 yrs—Pergolaria,
Gaper, 4 yrs—Misdeal, 5 yrs—Miss Wilfred filly, 3 yrs
_Emilian, 5 yrs—Subduer, 4 yrs—Mosque, 6 yrs.
Queen's Platc.—Gaper, b g by Ilindoo, Moustache,
Pergolaria, Young Lochinvar, Velocipede filly, Campa-
nero, Misdeal, Pine Apple, Dean Swift.
New and Old Windsor Stakes.—Heats.—Audrey,
Tub Thumper, Hashed Venison, Radnor, Vol-au-Vent ,
Llangollen.

- - - - - ---
" THE DUKE."—A veteran' officer of the Peninsu
lar war, and native of the town of Dunbar, applied lately
to his old commander, the Duke of Wellington, for pro-
motion to his son, who had served a considerable time
as ensign in the Regiment of Foot. In his letter
he reminded the Duke of some particular action when
he had signalised himself—in fact, fought many of their
battles o'er again. By return of post he received a letter,
regretting that it was not in his Grace's power to meet
his wishes at the present time, as there were no vacan-
cies, but to be assured that nothing would afford him
more gratification than to serve an old friend. The
Duke kept his word, for in two posts after he received
another letter, intimating his son's promotion to a Lieu-
tenancy in Regiment of Foot. Instances of this
kind (which, we believe, are numerous), should be told.
They are certainly as honourable to his Grace as they
are creditable to the officers who receive and deserve
them.—Edinburgh Evening Post.
WHAT IS A MAN'S BODY WORTIL—This question
was put by the Secondary, on Friday,
in the course of
a trial which took place before him, under the following
circumstances :—A surgeon of the name of Buchanan,
residing at Ratcliff-cross,
brought an action against a
a person of' the name of Clark, to recover a sum of about
41. for surgical attendance and medicine. As the money
was not forthcoming, the plaintiff's solicitor sent his
clerk with a copy of a writ, when Mr. Clark candidly
said to him, " It is of no use your leaving me the copy
of a writ, for I have two executions now in the house,
and mv body is all you can have." The Secondary,
upon this, asked the plaintiff's attorney what was now
the value of a man's body ? it seemed that they were
only going to a great expense for nothing. The at-
torney said lie feared such was the case, but the action
had been commenced when the new law came into ope-
ration. In the same case a certificate was produced by
the beadle of the Apothecaries' Company, in order to
show Mr. Buchanan's right to practise, and upon which
the Secondary observed a very unusual endorsement, and
inquired what it meant. The beadle said it was an
authority to practise in the city of London. The Se-
condary thought all certificates were the same. The
beadle said that certificates generally did not give per-
mission to practise nearer than ten miles of London, but
the endorsement could be obtained upon the payment of
a fee. The Secondary smiled at the business-like
habits of the Apothecaries' Company, and the matter
ended.

date last year,ruluvßp Geti
edit
idwe
Asla
here,
bruaeoGl;ao.lt4tasr:
is..trans.having— wThe
ehhkeeb,
averageee fishingyn theou t
oor hasfonul
ty hg
ehtbeenhn2 reBes
2se
e
times
nu}:cehßlse; tsisinEnt Rce weather—the
boats' fishing here is 45 crans per boat. Three cargoes
of herrings have been shipped this week for the Conti-
nent, and two vessels are at present loading for Ireland.
STONEHAVEN, AUG. 23.—The fishing, this week,
has been very partial. One boat, on Wednesday morn-
ing, had 30 crans ; another, on Thursday, 15 crans ;
and, this morning, one had 30 and another 20 crans,
but the majority of the boats had almost nothing.
GOURDON AND JOHNSIIAVEN.—The fishing, this
week, has turned out very ill, and this looks bad for
the advanced season of the year.—Aberdeen Herald.
WICK, AUG. 15.—The drooping spirits of our
fishermen have, this week, been greatly revived, by a
fair fishing, and excellent weather for prosecuting
their arduous and laborious calling. The average for
the week will be about 25 crans per boat, and 53 to
.59 for the season-15 crans short, however, of the
take at the same period in 1842 and 1843, and 35
short of 1841. From present prospects, by the end
of this week, the catch will probably equal any of the
preceding years. There were some very heavy hauls
each day, this week—so high as 60 and 70 crans. The
fish, in general, are of good quality. There have been
some few shots of spent fish among them. The following
is the week's report :—Friday, Aug. 9—average, 1
crans ; Saturday, 10—average, I a cran ; Tues-
day, 13—average, 4 crans ; 'Wednesday, 14—average,
7 crams; Thursday, 15—average, 12 crans. As
usual, among 900 boats, some are very poorly fished,
while several have caught their full complement. As
yet, there is little demand for cured fish on the spot ;
buyers are waiting the result of the week. Some
few purchases were made to-day, at the former con-
tract prices of 15s. Gd. for eight days' old, or 16s.
crown-branded. On the Banff coast, we believe
16s. Gd. has been paid. Salt has become ratherscarce.
Empty barrels rule at 3s. 4d. to 3s. 6d. Freights are
on the advance since the fishing set in. Norwegian
billet-wood has been selling at 11d. per foot.
KIRKwALL, AUG. 12.—The fishing continued suc-
cessful in Stronsay until the end of last week. The
boats, as we anticipated, were not out on Wednesday
night. They will now average 60 crans. Last year,
the total average for the season was only 30 crans ;
and, in fact, the average already is considerably
higher than most seasons.
lIELMSDALE, AUG. 15.—Very few fish got here
upon Friday and Saturday of last week. This week,
the fishing has much improved. On Tuesday, the
boats averaged 31 crans ; Wednesday, 4i crans. Only
a few of the boats are as yet come in to-day, but,
from the appearance of those coming, it is supposed
the average will be equal to yesterday's. The genial
average here for the season is 31 crans before to-clay.
hn o'Groaes Journal.

WEDNESDAY.
The Surrey and Middlesex Stakes. Pine Apple,
4 yrs, Bst 71b—The Whaler, 4 yrs, 7st 41b—Subduer,
4 yrs, 7st—New Forest Deer, 3 yrs, 6st.
The Runnymede Stakes.—The Devil-among-the-
Tailors, Epaulette, Young Lochinvar, Isleworth, Dean

Swift. -
The Members' Plate.—Meats.--The Devil-among
the-Tailors, Epaulette, Radnor, Arathusa, Young
Lochinvar.
The Egham Stakes closes this afternoon.

THE CHARACTERS IN " ComNony..7--A key that
fairly unlocks the mystery of the various real characters
who figure in " Coningsby," must certainly be considered
a desideratum by the reading public ; for though the
Tapers and Tadpoles of that " true fiction" are so well
known as to have already passed into a proverb--though
the Earwigs, the Jugginses, the Jawster Sharps, and the
Guy Flounceys are more than guessed at—t
Lord Henry
Sidney, and Lord Vere are staring likenesses (to use. an
artist's phrase)—and though the great Mr. Rigby him-
self—the chef d'auvre of this unique gallery of portraits
—is as clearly defined as if his " Right Honourable"
name had been written under it—though all these por-
traits have bean universally assigned to the original
worthies who have unconsciously sat for them, there
still
remained at least fifty more, drawn from the life, which
to the uninitiated must have continued nothing more
than so many of those anonymous and annoying puzzles
which perplex the visitors to the Royal Academy Exhi-
bition under the mysterious titles of " Portrait of a
Gentleman." Which of all the half-dozen Hebrew mil-
lionaires is the brilliant and accomplished Sidonia ? Is
it ho of Naples—or he of Brusseles—or he of Paris ?
Which of the reigning belles of the hour is the beautiful
Edith ? Is it the exquisite Miss M—h ? The Duke of
Agincourt—is he or is he not identical with " The
Farmers' Friend ?" The proud, stately, and forbidding
Princess Lucretia—is she no other than the celebrated
Madame Z—y ? Mr. Cassilis, with his corkscrew curls,
his cosmetic complexion, and consummate waistcoat—
can it be any other than George W—l ? All these, and
similar questions which people have been asking them-
selves, and one another, ever since the production of
this extraordinary work, may now be considered as solved
by "The Key to Coningsby," which has at length ap-
pearc d.
CORK AND CASHEL RAILWAY.—We have just re-
ceived a communication from a gentleman in Dublin,
from which we take the following :—" * * * I am
sure you will be happy to hear that the Directors of the
Great Southern and Western Railway have agreed to un-
dertake the extensions to York and Limerick, whereby
the whole line from Dublin will become one property.
It is proposed to offer 8,000 shares at Par to the counties
of Cork, Limerick, Tipperary, Clare, and Kerry, if
sp-
plied for before the 15th of next month.—Cork Examiner.
The Eastern Union Railway Company have actu-
ally set about their surveys for the continuation of their
line to Norwich by Diss, with a branch to Bury, An Ips-
wich paper states that the proprietors of the Brandon line
are at the same time contemplating a line to branch off at
Atleborough to Diss, by which the distance from Nor-
wich to London will be reduced, as compared with the cir-
cuitous route by Ely, from 128 to 112 miles, and that the
survey for this direct line is being made by Mr. Locke.—
Chelmsford Chronicle.
A FACT FOR LORD DEVON.—We have a pretty
little fact for the Commissioners—of 90 human beings
turned off lands within twelve miles of this city.— Cork
Examiner.

AFFGHANISTAN REPTILES.—During the rainy
season we were much annoyed by the number of snakes
and rats which infested our bungalows. These vermin
absolutely swarmed in every apartment. The snakes were
of the most poisonous description, and, of course, exceed-
ingly dangerous. I killed several in my bed-room ; and
my wife was much alarmed two or three times by the
appearance of a large cobra di capello in her bath-room.
The venomous reptile used to come' in through the drain
which was made for carrying
off the water, and she
therefore desired the ayah to stop the aperture up. This
was done; but a day or two afterwards, on going to
take the customary morning bath, she was much fright-
ened by the appearance of the snake standing erect,with
his hood extended, in a corner of the room. On hear-
ing her scream, I rushed to the place,
opening and S
oee
drain, the vitha
i
ti
s
dispatchedearei a the
beenhintruder.e
Partially Tle Otped up by small
stopped
pieces of brick; but the reptile had still managed to
squeeze himself through. When inside, he had caught
and swallowed a musk-rat, which so considerably in-
creased his bulk that he could not make his retreat by
the small hole through which lie had entered, and thus
lost his life through his gluttony. It is seldom that an
European is bitten, although instances of very narrow
whole. night they will scuttle and scramble
escapes are constantly occurring The common
rats are nearly as great a plague [as the musk-rats.]
During
gthetbheouse, disturbing everybody by their gambols.
Their depredations, also, are most daring, and quite in
the wholesale line. I remember once at Gliazeepore,
after a review, taking oil my coat and accoutrements,
silk handkerchief and my dress .sash were
Pene
and throwing them down on a sofa. From among the
As the natives are very fond of silk
articles,
naturally' suspected that the servants had
I
stolen them; and, accordingly, they were apprised that,
if the missing things were not found, their wages would
gs
be stopped to replace them. Some days after this oc-
tahigdsiv a
raissing.
oc-
currence I discovered a rat-hole through the false screen
in front of the fireplace, and, on removing it, found not
only the missing handkerchief and sash, but about half-
a-dozen napkins and towels, which had been lost from
These were all evidently carried thither
time to time.
and made into a bed by the rats. They must have taken
the towels from off a wooden horse in my dressing-room,
and dragged them across two other apartments to their
hiding-place.—Litut. Greenwood.
MOUE AMALGAMATIONS—THE LEEDS AND BOL-
TON LINES.—We understand that negotiations are already
far advanced for a union of the Manchester and L?eJs
and Manchester and Bolton Railway Companies by
ainalgation. The rumour of such arrangement has.caused
the shares of both companies to advance considerably.—
Railway Record.

PUBLIC NOTICE.
434, OXFORD-STREET.
1G SHIPPERS, 0 WNERS, .CAPTAINS, AND OTHERS.
Copies of Testimonials, Gratis, by all Agents.
--"IMSTONE'S EYE SNUFF.—Under the
~i, Patronage of his late Majesty, her Royal Highness the
coil,„--cas of Kent, a d the Lords ot the Treasury, is universally re-
c'hlended b th n Faculty for its efficacy in removing disorders
eldest to theYEyees and Head.
SIGHT RESTORED'.—NERVOUS HEADACHE AND
DEAFNESS CURED!
Its By the most simple,
.delightful, and fragrant Compeund!
certain of plication is fraught with pleasure; many thousand
certain -ye
been accomplished by
.its ur, at attlin expense, yet
'utterer in
its operation. If testimonies be necessaryg to induce the
the _ to make trial, Kings, Lords, and Commons have used it.
lestiords of the Treasury have sanctioned its use. Their late Ma.
P the Duchess of Kent, the most eminent Oculists, Medical
.
irtirrctitioner
,---with that gigantic balance, the Press—have eulogird
stoii.,""nhe's celebrated Herbaceous Compound, known as
tothe's
„ Snuff," for its efficacy in removing all diseases incident
Sefa and Head. G. J. Guthrie , Esq., F.R.S. See .1. B. Lach-
n n's Letter, Whitehall. Dr. 'Thomas. Dr. Andrews calls it
Idra -nna blessing—see 'Ms Reports touching its utility. The late
zaurtAbernethy, with many others, recommend Grimstone's Eye
and call it "Man's best Friend," and the "Student's Vade
ni
Dr, A
reports
Nov
also recommends its use as a. preventive. See his
tnendarinNov. Is3l. He states that the tenacious sympathy of the
atoms ane, within the nostrils, with the nervous system, that Grim-
efit f9re Snuff, when frequently taken, must be of.the greate4
ado ,o " the Consumer ; and, further, recommends its universal
ig.• las a preventative.
heada Thomas, of Hatfield, having witnessed many cases both of
che and ophthalmia, has kindly given his testimony thereof.
beanfrew of the many thousand Testimonials of Sight restored and
s, s„lees cured by GRIMSTONE'S EYE SNU FF
o w
t, • Grnnstone, Esq. " April 20th, 1544.
ear Sir,—l feel bound by a sense of justice to inform you of
fairaculous cure effected on myself by taking a few pinches of
rather'. celebrated
a _to be rated Gnmstone's Eye Snuff, which, i my case, ought
called' Ear Snuff,' it having effectually relieved me from
„Tine's from which I have been suffering for many years. You are
shortY to make any use you please of this communication, since I
Jorauch regret if the extraordinary qualities of your Eye Snuff
.re not universally known.
" G I am, dear Sir, your obedient servant,
ran
, ton, Sc"
otland. MARGARET MAC G REGOR.
s, .can
avouch for the truth of the foregoing facts and statements.
~s.via ..
W as w " JAMES SH UTER, Kentbnry, Becks.'
veliev • -2- meynolds, editor of Chambers' London Journal, &c.. &c. ,
St or excruciating pains, and can now write without spectacles
aim Wilford. st. ee t, Black friar's-i oad.
olle L.espis, facing the church, Park-street, Windsor; cured
J ress of sight and headache.-9th S-ptember, 1838, and 1843.
Thatth. Lachfiell, Esq. ; cured of Ophthalmia. Whitehall and
hod House Tavern.—See his letters, 1838 and IBi2.
...,oserve the Caution—W. GRIMS lONE is the sole inventor,
-",V,,,,455e only genuine is prepared by him.
eatalr,_ Odoriferous Herbaceous Compound of Herbs is sold in
Pla,,"`Frtis at 81., Is. 3d., id. 4s. 451., 85., and 15s. 6d. each, by the
baii-riater.i W. ORIMST'JNE, at No. 434, Oxford-street, Totten_
;run-road end (late of No. 29, Broad-street, Bloomsbury),
Anne; the Herbary, Highgate; and can also be obtained in all the
, Captains,
°tellers Towns and Cities A liberal allowance to Shippers
and all Vendors of Grimstone's Eye Snuff. This
SO leg I.:,,ted Snuff is shipped to all ouarters of the globe, and retains
g n qualities in every climate All Snuffs and Cigars shipped
4otsee shortest notice.
nit, quantity can be forwarded thronah the General Post, by
Fmo oney orders. A 2.5. 4d. canister, with postage, will cost
rSt on IQ like importlon.
aisARY, RIGMIATA

SHREWSBURY FAlR.—There was a very large
supply of sheep in the pens on Tuesday, and a good at-
tendance of buyers, particularly from the vicinity of
Birnainghham and Wolverhampton. The best wethers
sold at 51-d. to 51d. per lb. ; ewes, sd. Good lambs, for
which there was a great call, fetched from sd. to nearly
6d. per lb. ; very few remained unsold, except thoso of
an inferior quality. The pig market was also well sup-
plied, and the price of bacon having risen, strong well-
meated animals sold at an advance of 2s. to 3s. a head
on the prices of last fair. No alteration in the smaller
' animals. The cattle fair, on 'Wednesday, exhibited an
average supply of excellent beef, which obtained 50.
per lb. and a few very choice beasts sold a shade
higher. Store cattle went off but slowly, at a compara-
tively- low figure, but still a little better than last fair;
and snore business was done than was expecte]. There
were but few good cows and calves, which sold well;
but a number of inferior things were not looked at,
and
d
were driven home again. The supply of
thee
cheese
but ter at the Circus was very good for the season.
But ter sold at from Bd. to 9d. per 1b.,10t and two or
s fetched 91d. Good family cheese was weighed at
255. to 275. per cwt., and a few lots of skim at 20s
Hams, 7d.; bacon, 60. per lb. At the Market-hall,
Halyard-street, there was a good supply of cheese; more
buyers being in attendance than last fair, all was dis-
posed of at prices varying according tor, quaMy, from
40s. to 60s. The wool market, on Wednesday,
whi ch as exhibi
hted
one- of the smallest supplies of fleece wool
beer known for some years. The few sheets of Leices-
ter -wool offered were bought at 14d. per lb. A con-
' siekerable quantity of lambs wool, chiefly mountain, was
di:posed of at prices varying from lid. to 14d. per lb.;
• one Jot obtained 140. per lb., but the general quality of
the lots was inferior.—Derby Repel ter.

No. 16,234, LONDON, TUESDAY S N
EVENING I AUGUST 27, 1844.

THE ,SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVER. ,SECOND EDITION fEvening Sun) is Published TRAIN
in Time for the AFTERNOON
and a THIRD EDITION at SEVEN O'CLOCK, for POSY, containing PARLIAMENTARI and all other NEWS in LONDON -vie -1O that flour. •
ISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.
ADVERT

MEDICAL PROTECTION
ASSEMBLY.
A general meeting of the members of the Medical
Protection Assembly was held yesterday afternoon
at Exeter Hall, for the purpose of taking into consi-
deration the clauses of the Medical Reform Bill,
lately introduced into the House of Commons by Sir
James Graham.
Several of the most distinguished members of the
medical profession were present.
J. C. CARPITE' Esq., M.t., was called to the chair.
He said that he had been a teacher, and had lived in
dissecting rooms and theatres for upwards of half a
century.—(Cheers.) He had attended colleges and
schools of surgery in every part of Europe, and in all
his travels he had not found any body of medical men
so highly qualified as in England, and he thought
that properly qualified practitioners should receive
that protection to which they were entitled.—(Cheers.)
The SECRETARY then read a report, from which it
appeared that the council of the College of Surgeons
refused to receive a deputation of the members of the
medical profession on the subject of certain grievances
in the constitution of the college.
The adoption of the report was then moved, se-
conded, and carried unanimously. A vote of thanki
was passed to the Cothmittee. After the transaction
of some other business,
Mr. WARLEY, M.P., who was received with the
most enthusiastic cheering, rose to address the meet-
ing. He severely.censured the conduct of the Col-
lege of Surgeons as arbitrary and unjust. The me-
dical profession knew what would ensue if they
longer submitted to the domination which
it had exercised, and which the Act,
if passed, would give them the power of exercising.
They had been insulted by the Council of the Col-
lege, and he would refuse, if he were in practice, to
meet any one of its members in consultation ; and if
he felt that that man could save his life, he should not
enter his (Mr. W.'s) bed-room. You (added the
Hon. Gentleman) have not a house of your own ; you
cannot meet in the College of Physicians; and at
Apothecaries' Hall there is no place for you.—
(Laughter.) If you are suffering injustice in your
profession, to whom can you appeal? To no one.
Although you have colleges, you dare not enter them.
You cannot—you dare not exercise any function in
any of these colleges, without asking permission of
the ruling powers, who are not of your choosing.
If they manifesta their hostility against the Bill
which he held in his hand, it would never become the
law of the realm. He regretted that the House of
Commons was disinclined to hear anything relating
to the medical profession. In conclusion, he called
upon the profession to attend the meeting which
would be held on Tuesday next at Exeter Hall.
Several other gentlemen then addressed the meet-
ing, after which the assembly went into committee
on the Bill, and proceeded to discuss the clauses
seriatim, which occupied them a considerable portion
of the evening.

MANCHESTER UNITY OF ODD
FELLOWS.
The third annual dinner of the North London Dis-
trict of this Society took place yesterday, at the
White Conduit-house Tavern, Pentonville. About
400 persons sat down to dinner, which was furnished
in very excellent style, and ample justice was done to
it on the occasion. An excellent band was in attend-
ance under the direction of Mr. Byrne. James
Duncombe, Esq., presided.
After the cloth had been removed,
The CHAIRMAN gave the health of the Queen, which
he prefaced with very appropriate observations.
Drank with three times three. Air, " God save
the Queen."
The CHAIRMAN next gave the health of his Royal
Highness the Prince of Wales, which was drank with
enthusiasm.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert, and the other
members of the Royal Family, was next proposed, and
drank with three times three.
The CHAIRMAN next proposed the health of her
Majesty the Queen Dowager, the patroness of the
Widow and Orphan Society. The toast was drank
with all the honours.
The CHAIRMAN then rose and said, the next toast
he had to propose was " Prosperity to the Board of
Directors, and the Independent Order of Odd Fel-
lows of the Manchester Unity, and the continuance
of its universal increase."—(Cheers.) He had been the
other day offered by one of the stewards a book c.in-
taining the laws and regulations of the Society. Ile
read it with great pleasure ; and though he had fre-
quently read the laws and orders of many benefit
societies, he had never met with any equal to theirs.
It was an equitable code from beginning to end, and
was worthy of the perusal of all those who had the
power of making laws.---(Hear, hear.) If they would
peruse the laws of that Society, they would derive
great instruction, and the public would not have to
complain of the passing of so many unjust laws.—
(Hear, hear.) Their laws were such that a bad
member could not long remain amongst them.—
(Hear.) Everything done tended to promote kind-
ness, fellow-feeling, and morality.—(Hear, hear.) ,
Not only were there pecuniary advantages derived.,
from the Society, but all cases of accidents and sick-
ness were immediately attended to. The parties re-
ceiving its benefits were exonerated altogether from
applying for parish relief.—(Hear, hear.) Each
member had a claim for relief under a contract, as a
right, and not as a charity. That was the position in
which he wished to see the whole country placed,
and he believed, when the benefits which the Society
conferred became more generally known, it would
receive large accessions to the vast numbers which it
already embraced.—(Hear, hear.) They . not only
provided for the wants of the living, but
there was also an ample fund provided by the So-
ciety for the burial of distressed members. In the
hour of death, that time of greatest distress, there was
121. allowed to the wife for the burial of her husband,
and 71. allowed the husband for the burial of his wife.
—(Hear, hear.) They, moreover, gave encourage.
ment to industry, for they paid the travelling ex-
penses of a member when he had no work, and wished
to go elsewhere, where there was a likelihood of ob-
taining it. It was, therefore, a Society which every
well-thinking man ought to join, for it was the duty
of every good member of Society to relieve the dis-
tressed.—(Hear, hear.) He wished that it might be-
come a rich and a great body, and that it might rea-
lise the most sanguine expectations of those who were
most interested in its prosperity and success.
Mr. Rows, corresponding secretary, spoke to the
toast. He thanked the Committee for selecting him
to speak to the toast. He returned his best thanks for
the manner in which the toast was proposed, and for
the enthusiasm with which it was received. II
looked on this as a pledge of the continued
prosperity of the Society of Odd Fellov. s.
A. few years ago the Society was little known, or
only known as a subject of ridicule. It was said it
would prove a curse instead of a blessing to join
their ranks ; but the public mind was now disabused
of that impression ; and amongst the other means of
aid given to produce that effect, that' of the public
press was not the least.—(Hear, hear.) They had
many obstacles to contend with ; yet they had now
340 districts, above 4,000 lodges, and not less than
250,000 members.—(Cheers.) From accounts which
he had received during the last week, he was con-
vinced that their numbers were now still larger.
They wished to say nothing derogatory of any other
society ; on the contrary, they held out the hand of
good fellowship to all. But as a benefit society they
(the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows) were second
to none in existence.—(Hear, hear.) They relieved
the distressed, the poor traveller, and the sick.. They
gave funeral donations, and they had the Widow and
hear.) A great amount of
Orphan Fund.—(Hear,
good was done by the Societi,, and a 'still greater
amount of evil was prevented. he Society was cal-
culated to promote good and useful objects, and every
member should use his utmost exertions in so good a
cause. But they attended not only to the phy-
sical wants of the members ; they also sup-
plied intellectual food—(Hear, hear)—for they
had established classes for mutual instruction, and
schools for the gratuitous education of orphan chil-
dren. —(Hear, hear.) Surely such a Society was
calculated to elevate man in the moral scale; and
after all it was not surprising that so man-,° thousands
of all classes had united themselves under the ban-
ner of " Friendship, Love, and Truth."—(Cheers.)
They desired that the improvement of the Society
might advance with the times, and that when they
saw a fellow-man in any part of the world, they
would only see the face of a brother.—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN then proposed the health of the
Army and Navy. Drank with three times three.
The CHAIRMAN next proposed the increased suc-
cess and prosperity of the North London District of
the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows, which was
drank with all the honours.
Grand Master LANCASTER spoke to the toast. The
North London District now contained 74 lodges, and
4,300 members, and the state of their funds was most
flourishing.—(Hear, hear.) He had lately planted a