The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-27 00:00:00

ONDA Y EVENIN

PROGRESS OF THE MEXICAN
REVOLUTION.
ON.E DAY LATER FROM AMERICA.
The Columbus, Captain Cole, arrived at Liverpool
on Saturday. She brings only one day's later news.
The revolution in Mexico wa3 progressing. The
New York Herald says :
" The principal towns, and indeed all the country,
have pronounced against Santa Anna, who, with a
small force, has fled to Queretaro. The revolution
passed off very quietly, no blood having been
shed. The former revolutions being carried on by
one party of military against another, resulted in
much bloodshed—but this movement coming from
the people, as well as from the soldiers, made it gene-
ral, and hence the little commotion of a disagreeable
_nature. Santa Anna had but little chance of over-
coming this movement, and it was a matter of con-
jecture whether he would attempt to escape or deliver
himself up—he very probably will endeavour to gain
over the opposite General, by bribery or similar
means, but in this it is thought he will not succeed.
In case that he is taken prisoner, the people will pro-
bably demand his execution, as they seem to think
his liberty will be dangerous to the Republic.
" The markets were in a very bad state, with very
little hope of improvement.
" The departments of Sonora, Sinalva, Jalisco, Za-
catecas, and Aquescalientes were in a state of revolu-
tion, and in the military possession of Gen. Paredes.
" General Santa Anna (with Cortszar), had mili-
tary possession of the departments of Queretaro and
Guanajuato.
" Canalizo, Santa Anna's President interim, and his
ministers, were prisoners in Mexico.
" There were at the Island of Sacrificio the British
frigate Spartan, just arrived from New Orleans;
British frigate Inconstant, and two French brigs of
war, but no Americans."
The following letter from Vera Cruz appears in the
New York Herald:—
" VERA Cauz, DEC. 9, 1844.—There is nothing
talked of here but the revolution that is going for-
ward, and it seems to be the opinion of the best in-
formed persons that Santa Anna's time of destruction
has arrived. At this moment he is, with his army of
about six thousand men, at Queretaro, about sixty or
eighty leagues from Mexico, where he went to meet
the revolutionary general, Paredes, who, with a strong
force, was watching Santa Anna's movements, and
was ready at a moment to take advantage of the
President's mistakes. Puebla, the capital of the State
of that name, and a place celebrated for its manufac-
tures, with a population of about 15,000 or 20,000,
had pronounced against Santa Anna, and it was•daily
expected that the city of Mexico would follow. Santa
Anna having become annoyed at the interference of
Congress, had put that body down, the news of which
was proclaimed with great pomp and show in Vera
Cruz. However, all this showing off was got up by
the military, and it was very evident that the people
did not participate in the 'glorious news.'
" Mr. Cushing has been robbed of all his books
and Chinese papers ; the robbers have taken advan-
tage of the unsettled state of the country, and have
become insupportable. The people here think the
United States will not go to war on account of Texas,
as they say, by granting licenses to privateers, that
the United States will lose more than she possibly can
gain.
" DEC. 11, 1844.—Since writing on the 9th, in
which I described the rejoicings here on account of
Santa Anna having put down the Congress, we have
had a total change in the appearance of things. Only
three days after the guns had been fired in honour of
the above disgraceful proceedings, news arrived that
Mexico, and nearly all the country, had pronounced
against Santa Anna. This information was re-
ceived at Vera Cruz when a norther was blowing,
consequently there was no communication with
the castle of St. Juan d'Ulloa, and when the re-
joicings commenced for the downfal of the ' Great
Chief,' which consisted of fireworks and in firing
salutes from the forts, the castle understood this to be
a further declaration in favour of Santa Anna, and
they immediately proceeded to elect him Supreme
Dictator;' but guess their astonishment when the
storm cleared away, and they found the great man
no longer existed in the minds of the good people of
Vera Cruz. Well, what do you suppose they did ?
Why, immediately after receiving the intelligence,
they pronounced against the very man for whom but
a day before they had voted the Dictatorship.
Beautiful consistency, certainly. The feeling against
Santa Anna is universal, and I think it would be
difficult to find a person who would speak in favour
of him. His portrait, which was once so much re-
spected, has been thrown from the balcony of the
palace, and the mob tore it immediately into pieces.
The individual who threw it exclaimed, at the same
time, ' Here goes the son of aw— Even the
famous leg, once belonging to Santa Anna, and
which was buried in the city of Mexico with so
much pomp, has again been restored to the at-
mosphere, and insulted in every way imaginable. His
bust, which had a conspicuous place in the new and
beautiful Theatre of Santa Anna (El Teatro de.Santa
Anna), was broken into a thousand pieces. Another
large statue of his, at Puebla, was demolished in
rather a curious manner; first they hung him by the
neck, then they cut off his head and afterwards spat in
his face ; and at last left poor Santa Anna in the hands of
a charitable Mexican mob. I am very much surprised
that this once great man should have attempted to
put down the present feeling against him by the
sword; but what shows his confidence in his fancied
power, is in marching to Queretaro, leaving Mexico,
Puebla, Vera Cruz, and so many other towns in his
rear ; his he must now regret, as they have all unani-
mously pronounced against him. What will be the
end of this movement I cannot positively say, although
I am inclined to believe that if he cannot bribe over
some of the other generals and their soldiers, that he
will endeavour to escape, and I think, in the event of
his being taken prisoner, that he will most assuredly
suffer death. The immense property that he has will
certainly be confiscated, which, if he escapes, will not
affect him i'much, as he must have considerable funds
in Europe.
" The character of Santa Anna, both political and
moral, is so black, that his present situation is lost to
view when his crimes are considered. His friend,
General Canalizo, late Vice-President, is now a pri-
soner in his own palace. Mr. Tuquenos, formerly
Minister of Finance, still cannot leave the bounds of
the city; and when his trial comes on he undoubtedly
will be severely punished, as he and his friends have
plundered the people to a very great extent, and which
plunder will have to be restored. All the acts of this
person for some time past are to be inquired into, and
I suspect that many negotiations that he has had with
some patticular merchants will be declared null and
void. The house of Mr. Tuquenos, just now alluded
to, was pulled to the ground by the mob.
" The late Minister of War has been sentenced to
some fifteen years' imprisonment for his partiality to
Santa Anna, particularly for creating him Com-
mander-in-chief of the Forces. "
The New York Morning Express contains the
following extract from a letter of a highly respect-
able gentleman in the city of Mexico, to a merchant
in this city, under date of the 4th of December,
1844 :

" We are in the midst of a revolution, the result
of which no one can foretell, because both parties are
very powerful. The departments of Jalisco, Aguas-
calientes, and Zacatecas, have pronounced against
Santa Anna with General Paredes as their'leader,
who, by the bye, is a brave man and pretty good
general, but not gifted with so much talent
and shrewdness as General Santa Anna. It
is believed generally here that other depart-
ments will follow the example of those already re-
volted, and in such a case it is difficult to tell where
it may end. In the meanwhile General Santa Anna
is advancing from Queretaro to meet General Pa-
redes, who, at the last accounts, was at Lagos. The
former has under his command from 12,000 to 15,000
of the best troops in the Republic, and 25 pieces of
cannon, all veterans and well disciplined; and the latter
can dispose of all the resources of the Custom-houses
of Jalisco, San Bias, Mazatlan, and the rich mining
department of Zacatecas—but the military force is
less numerous and less effective It is true, if we
believe what we hear in general, that public opinion
is rather against Santa Anna, but these people
do not know what they wish, because it appears that
all parties resent the treatment they have received
from the Government of the United States, and all to
a man talk of waging war against Texas and against
the United States, if the annexation takes place, but
I do not know who will be the man capable of carry-
ing on such an enterprise, if by any chance Santa
Anna should be deprived of his authority. However,
we must not deceive ourselves. If this revolution is
of long duration, the United States may do in the
meanwhile what they please, but I have no doubt that
if matters come to a prompt settlement, whichever be
the victorious party will send to Texas an army of
25,000 or 30,000 men, and war against the United
States is certain, in case the annexation should be
effected."

We have seen a letter addressed by a colonist in
South Australia to his father, a banker in Oxford, from
which it appears that the cultivation of the vine and the
olive is making considerable progress there, and that the
sub-soil plough has been adopted with great advantage
in preparing the ground fer that purpose. No ploughs
of that description have been introduced as yet, but
the young colonist referred to had sufficient ingenuity
to construct one from a description contained in a work
by a Scotch agriculturist. In breaking up new ground,
especially for gardening purposes, this plough is stated
to possess a very great superiority over the common
plough. From the nature of the climate it is hoped that
the orange and almond tree, as well as the vino and the
olive, may soon be generally introduced into this colony.
—Times.

THE PORTENDIC AFFAIR.—The award of the King
of Prussia in this matter gives to the claimant for com-
pensation, not 80,0001. or 100,000/, claimed, but 44,000 f.
(1,760.)