The Sun.
London, England, 1826-09-30 00:00:00

TURKEY.

ON TIIE ATTEMPTS TO INTEODUCE EUROPEAN DISCIPLINE.
The first attempt to introduce European discipline was
made, as is well known, by the Sultan Selim. The nu-
cleus of the force which he endeavoured to establish, and
whiCh was termed Nizitm-gedities, or soldiers of the New
Regulations, was formed of the . wrecks of the garrison
which so bravely defended SI. Jean, d' Acre. When this
new corps took the field in Bulgaria and Romelia, for the
suppression' of the numerous banditti that infested those
provinces, their superiority • over the Janissaries was
speedily seen. They beat the, mountaineers in numerous
conflicts, routed them effectually, and finished, in- two
short months, a task, to which the Janissaries, backed by
the household troops of Pachas, Sanjacks, and Ayans,
had never been fotmd equal. Such wonderful success
rendered the advantage of the European discipline indis-
putable. The Nizam-gedittex were handsomely re-
munerated ; and means were adopted for augments
ing - their number, by a- kind of proscription,
principally for the purpose of curbing the turbu-
lent Janissaries. The jealousies, however, of the latter,
and the prejudices of the people, aroused so general a fer-
mentation, that the order of the Sultan could not be exe-
cuted. Successively attacked by the Janissaries, the Oule-
mas, the Yamacks, and the Topsehis, the unfortunate
Nizainteditte-6ffered the fate of all establishments made
inopportunely. Selim was, in 1807, obliged to suppress
them, after having witnessed, with his own eyes, the mas-
sacre of alt those Ministers and . Counsellors who were
suspected of being their partizans. An denting instance.
of devOted attachment is recorded antotig the bloody
scenes that occurred at that period. The populace and
the Janissaries. were exeedingly clamorous for the head of
the Bostandji-Basehi ; 'and the courtiers, who saw no
other method of appeaSing their fury, advised the Sultan
to comply with their demands. That Monarch, however,
refused to give .way, either to the threats from without,
or the entreaties from within, until the unhappy man,
who knew his fate inevitable, fell at the feet of his master,
and begged him to give him up for the sake of public trait-
" Since thou also eonsentest to this melancholy
sacrifice, my eon," said Selim, covering his face with his
hands, " be it so ; and 'May the blessings of Heaven ac-
company it I" In an instant the head of the poor Bus-
tanji was struck from his shoulders, and thrown out to the
mutineers by a loop hole of that gate which the Turks
denominate the Sublime. This sacrifice, however, was
not sufficient ; for next day Selim was deposed by: his
subjects, the insolence of whose demands was augmented
by his compliance. The Grand Mufti, who alone is not
punishable capitally, was next day commissioned to inform
his Royal Master that, agreeably to what the Janissaries
and. Oulemas termed the will of the people, he bad ceased
to reign. Mustapha was immediately proclaimed, and his
proclamation was the signal of the dispersion of the Ni-
zam-gediites. Their barracks were plundered, and the
object of the institution was abandoned until the succeed-
ing year, when Mahmottd, the present Sultan, mounted
the throne. The famous Mustache Bairactar was then
Vizier. He bad ceoeived, in his last campaign with
the Russians, the advantages inseparable front Euro-
pean tactics, and, in order to compose a regular army,
lie hem-sso by attempting to introduce reform among
the SanisssirieS themselves, and several companies of
Seynienx, that is, select soidiets, were immediately
formed. The whol!' of the dignitaries of the empire
•st applauded this measure. It
and every enlightened 't
was a matter of general aeosowledgment that 'the Janis-
aaries, whose poWer was supreme in slisposing of the Crown,
r
were utterly unable for the task of defenjii'g it against the
assault of a vigorous and active enemy. Lfsifortunately
Baireetar, of all men, was least adapted for gaining 1791e-
lytes to his own plans. baneful of alluring over the Janis-
saries, who came to otter themselves to be enrolled among
the select soldiers, by presents and caresses, he treated
them with the most mutufferable arrogance, refused them
*ll peculiar privileges, anti 1144 upon the whole, ar if his
Wish had been to oppose, not to further, the measures
which he himself had recommended. The consequence
was, that the new corps fell into speedy contempt. Bal-
sam', after rendering himself detested by all, was mur-
dered in one of the most serious insurrections of which
Constantin:Tie has afforded an example; the Stymens
were abolistf.stl, as the Nizam.geailles had been before
them ; anti, up to the period of the late revolution, the
discipline of the Franks seemed for ever renounced, and an
anathema was even desioanced against all those who should
propose the revival °limy plan
,for its adoption.—Morning
• Paper.. - •

EAST INDIA PAPERS.

(From the Caktala Gotonment Gazelle of April 24.)
1111111VITOng. •

• --
GENERAL ORDERS BY THE RIGHT H4NOURABLE
THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIRF,
Hearl-quarters, Bhurtpore, Jan. 19,182 G.
The Right Honourable the Commander-in-Chief COP -
gratulates the army under his personal command, on the
brilliant achievements that have crowned its services, in
the assault and capture of the fortress of Ilhurtpore.
'e highly creditable manner in which the previous
operations connected with the siege were carried on, the
cheerful endurance of fatigue and hard labour, and the vigi-
lance dis-p;ayed on nil occasions by every man on the ser-
vice, were appreciated by his Lordship, and gave
pinkest of that devoted gallantry and ardour which were
shown yesterday the. assault of the enemy's fortified
town. -The tow routs of his force with immense slaughter,
the evacuation of the • ,;,trong citadel which immediately
followed, and, finally, did _rapture of the osurper and his
family, with most of his Chiefs' form. the most complete
series of successful events that die Clost ardent expectation
could have contemplated ; and have 5h,:,.(1 lustre over the
brilliant performances • of the day, without i:aving a wish
connected with the glory and reputation of the aiZnY unsa-
tisfied.
Lord Comhermere, guided by the: usage of the service,
now proceeds to the pleasing duty of particularising those
Officers by name, whose situations in command gave them
opportunities of more particularly distinguishing them-
selves ; but his Lordship desires to assure the Army
in general, -than, •• in thus complying with an established
custom, he•feels and acknowledges the 'difficulty he has
in rendering Justice to the merits and claims of a vast
many, indeed of the whole of those immediately en-
gaged, wherein all -performed their duty- so entirely. t.o his
satisfaction.

T. Majors-General Ile nell ai I Nicol belong
pendent of their ' ilideratigYabl exietrtions ttiringtlie(inptiree--
syniodiloori:deirii(i7tohf,r,tili,tteornsrler:),,tollitut peculiar merit of forming
ici,s of their respective
divisions, ail by their amniatini:
witne,sed theeerdtliat will long be
enemy's works with a rapidity tio4 „,711T1'' "rrYlog the
remembered by, all who
'When mounting to assault. )" 41" of the troops
The arrangements which fell to the share of 13rigatlier-
tlie Cavalry, not only
General, Sleigh, C. 13. commanding
during . the. assault, but from the commencenit of the invest-
ment of Bhur I.lle ' tpore, are to be appreciated by 1
. fact, that
none of the enemy escaped from the fort, but on the eon.,
ditions of surrender, and that the capture of tl,-
lie usurper
Doorjun Sal, with his family and almost every person of
rank or authority under him, has been ' effected through
the vigilance and galla»try of the several Corp* employed
under his command. horse
The service's of the Ist and 801 Corp
of Irregular
under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Skinne
have
assis-
ted by Major Fraser, throughout the siege, ave fr.
fluently elicited the highest admiration and applause.
Nothing could exceed the devotion and bravery of this
valtutble cIaSS of soldiers, and Lieutenant-Colonel Skinner
and Mninf 'Primer, fully merit the acknowledgment of his
:Lortlthip'% unqualified approbation of their conduct and
that of their rileil.
To Brigadier NI
'Leod, C. 13. in the general command of
the Artillery, and Brigadiers Heizler and Brown, com-
manding the Siege and Field Artillery, respectively, the

Commander-in-Chief feels greatly indebted for their highly
creditable exertions : as also to the whole of the officers
and men of the Artillery, for the excellent display of sci-
entific correctness in their batteries, as well as for their
commendable endurance of fatigue, which the nature of
the service necessarily exposed them to.
The science, the devotion, and fortitude, evinced on
all occasions by the officers and men of the Engineers
Corps, including the Corps of Sappers and Miners, and
detachment of the Pioneer Corps, it would be difficult to
appreciate fully. Many were the instances displayed by
this body, that proved their worth, and excited general
admiration. Brigadier Anburey, C. 8., principal field
engineer, and all the officers under him, are particularly
entitled to the approbation and thanks of the Commander-
in-Chief.

To Brigadier-Generals Adams, C. 8., M'Combe, and
Edwards, and to Brigadiers Murray, C. 8., Childers, White-
head, Patton, C.B. and Fagan, the Commander-in-Chief
offers his best thanks for their exertions at the head of their
respective brigades; nor can his Lordship omit from the
list of officers, to whom hii thanks are due, the names of
Lieut.-Colonels S. Nation, John Delamain, T. Wilson, H.
S. Pepper, W. C. Baddeley, and Bowyer, and of Majors
Fuller, Everard and Bishopp, of his Majesty's service, with
that of Major George Hunter, as having been particularly
brought to his Lordship's notice, for their conspicuous
conduct in command of regiMents and detachments en-
gaged in the storm.
'His Excellency greatly laments the loss of officers and
men on this important occasion ; but'it affords him some
consolation to add, that, notwithstanding the vigorous and
determined resistance every where evinced by the enemy,
this loss has been confined within as narrow limits as Could
be looked for in the achievement of sash a conquest.
• The wounded officers and men have his Excellency's
warmest sympathy for their sufferings, and an anxious so-
licitude for their comfort and speedy recovery :—among
this number his Excellency cannot refrain from introduc-
ing the nine of Lieutenant-Colonel Faithfull, whose pre-
vious wound deprived the service of his valuable aid.
The Commander-in-Chief gives his warmest thanks to
Lieut.-Col. Watson, Adjutant-General of the army, and to
Lieut.-Col. Stevenson, Quarter-Master-General, for the
indefatigable zeal and ability which they have displayed
in carrying on the important duties of their respective de-
partments.
To Major-General Sir S. Whittingham, Quarter-Mas-
ter General, and Lieutenant-Colonel M'Gregor, Acting
Adjutant-General of the King's troops, Lord Comber-
mere has to return his best acknowledgements for their
services.

Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. J. Finch, Military Secretary,
and Captain Maean, Persian Interpreter, have merited the
approbation and thanks of the Commander-in-Chief, not
only for their assiduity and good judgment in carrying on
tne business of their respective offices, but for their zealous
assistance in the field. _ _ _

To Captain Dawkins, and the rest of his personal Staff,
Lord Combermere has to return his best acknowledgments
for their zeal and activity upon all occasions.

Officiatini,s Assistant-Surgeon Barber, at present at-
tached to his Majesty's IGth Lancers, is directed to do
duty with his Majesty's 14th Foot, and to join imme
mediately.

Head-quarters, Bhurtpore, Jan: 20, 1826.

It is with feelings of deep regret, that his Excellency
the Commander-in-Chief announces to the army the death
of Brigadier-General Edwards of the wounds he received
in the storming of BhUrtpore on the 18th instant. ' The
gallantry evinced by this Officer in leading his brigade
during the 'assault, and the high character he bore, render
his fall a public calamity, as well us a private misfortune;
but those friends who now grieve for his untimely fate,
liave the consolation of knowing that in life he was es-
teemed and respected, and in death mourned for and
lamented.

towr wu.t.tAm, *rum. ie, 1t4241.
(MIER AI. ORDERS, TIM MORT HONL 'IIIE

00VERNOR GENERAL IN :COUNCI4..'
On the occasion of the return .of his :xee]lency the,
Commander-in-Chief t 4 the Presidency, and the dose of
the late short but brilliant catnpaign in Upper India, dis-
tinguished by the ever-memorable capture of the Fortress
of Bhurtpore, and the important political results which
have thence ensued, the Right Hon. the Governor-Gene-
ral in Council desires to offer to Lord Combermere, in the
most public manner, the expression of his most cordial
thanks and congratulations, on the successful completion of
the service.which called his Excellency to the Western
Provinces. Ilia Lordship in Council is also pleased to
direct, that the following testimonial of the sense enter-
tained by GovernMent of the distinguished merit, and
exemplary conduct of the Army, by whom the above
splenaid achievement was performed, under the personal
command of the Right Hon, Lord Combermere, be pub-
lished for general information.
FORT WILLIAM, JAN. 30, 1826.
To his Excellency tho Right Hon. General Lord Com-
_

bermere, &c. &c.
My Lortn,....We hal/e had the honour to receive, by the
Bands of Captain Dawkins, your Lordship's despatch of
the 19th inst., announcing the capture, .by storm, of the
fortified town, and the unconditional surrender of the cita-
del, of Bhurtpore, on the preceding day.
The intelligence of an event reflecting such glory as a
military exploit, and fraught with such important benefit
to the British interests in India, in a political point of
view, has been received by us with sentiments of com-
mensurate admiration and applause, and demands from us
the expression of our most cordial thanks and acknowledg-
ments to your Lordship, and the brave troops by whom
the conquest of this renowned, and hitherto impregnable,
fortress, has been achieved.

Impressed with the highest sense of the value and im•
portanee of the service which has now' been performed,
under the personal direction of your Excellency, of the
sl2 and science with which the siege was conducted, and
go'otry and devotion displayed in the storm, we
t;-mcur in the well-toe/rite(' encomium
mostthe warmlf ich
has 1,1-.7stos.ved on all the Aim and men
your Lords iip
and we request your Excellency, in
under your command,
pleased to issue to'
any General Orders which you misT be
the army on this occasion, to express O'l,:t' Most cordial
concurrence in the sentiments of approbation h which
you have brought to our notice the gallant and meritorious
exertions of all who had the honour of sharing with your
Lordshi in an achievement, which will ever hold a dis.,
tinguished place in the annals of our military prowess in
the East.
Where the conduct of every one has been such as to de-
serve and receive the warm approbation with which it has
been honoured by your Excellency, we could not specify
our sense of the meritorious services of some, without a,ps
pearing to overlook the no less praise-worthy exertions of
others. Nor could we, indeed, by any applause of ours,
add to the, proud satisfaction ' which all must feel on the
perusal of the terms in, which they have been collecti
frain-
vely
and individually mentioned by your Excellency. Re
ing, therefore, from the farther indulgence of so gratifying
a feeling, we content ourselves with requesting. your s
eellency to offer our thanks, in articular, to Majors Gene-
ral_ Reynell and Nicoll% who commandeds the First and
personally directed,
,'"ice,,Trid Divisions, and to whose able support, and the ex-
ll tui. dispositions made by them for the attack which they
to be
_ so greatly indebted.
your Lordship has expre-fsed yourself
W th!e-0111 regret
..the loss of the brave officers and men
who have f
‘ to that •
nobl y fallen in the service of their country,
any
a"Y•souree of coma!lation, however, can be found in the
first moments of
Pu
those whose fall we lament, have
'ilie or private sorrow, it is to he songht
in the reflection,
died a soldier's nnnurable death, in 'the,
and that their
„6
,eori willwhom th they arms of victory ;
embalmed in the imperishable live in the grateful recollection
of the Government
faithfully served, and be
record of the triumph which
they sealed with their blood.
The standards entrusted by your Excellency to O.

II IVATER AT LONDON. BRIDGE TO-MORROW.
Morning 33 minutes after 1. Evening 58 minutes after