The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY RI ENING-, JANUAR, v 8, 1A44.

hope you will continue to look after this important
case, and particularly to the mode ofstriking, the jury.
Mr. Latouche—l shall use my be,t discretion.
As the parties were retiring from the office,
Mr. Cantwell observed-4 would not strike such a
panel for any consideration. Nothing could induce
me to sign such a registry of bigotry.

ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING.

On Thursday evening a meeting was held in the
Ebenezer Chapel, Bacup, to promote the subscrip-
tions to the League Fund of 100,0001.
The Rev. SimpsoN TODD, Baptist minister of the
place, opened the meeting by singing and prayer.
EDMUND DAWSON, ESQ., of Mount Pleasant, was
in the chair.

The Rev. S. TODD, and the Rev. THOMAS DA.w-
SON, Baptist minister, moved and seconded the reso-
lution to " support the League in its endeavours to
obtain a repeal of the corn monopoly," which David
Whitehead, Esq., supported, followed by Henry
Ashworth, Esq.. of Turton, who stated that the po-
pulation of the forest of Rossendale 300 years ago
consisted only of ten families, comprising eighty
souli; and that these eighty persons memorialised
that they might be allowed to use their exertions in
manufacturing pursuits, and he 'hoped that the thou-
sands of individuals who now appeared in Rossendale
as the descendants of these eighty souls, would show
that they possessed the same laudable spirit .of
enterprise. lle claimed a sympathy with the
inhabitants of Rossendale because he was
also a descendant of one of those ten fa-
milies ; because the bones of his forefathers were
mingled with these of their fathers, in the hills and
valleys by which they were surrounded. To show
what manufactures and machinery had done for Ros-
sendale, he needed only to remind them that one acre
of land in Bacup was now worth as much as the
whole forest was worth two hundred and fifty years
ago.

-Mr. COBDEN then said, that having seen some of
the Bacup people at the great meetings in Manches-
ter, and witnessed the unostentatious manner with
which they announced their subscriptions, he was
very desirous of meeting the inhabitants of Bacup;
and, from what he saw of the meeting (for he was a
bit of a phrenologist) he thought that those he had
seen in Manchester were but a fair sample of the
sack. Ile then exposed, in a most excellent speech,
many of the fallacies which are brought forward in
opposition to the League ; instructing them how to
meet the opponents of the League, who talk about
"protection of labour," the "evils of machinery,"
and other nonsense of the same description.
Mr. R. R. MOORE commenced announcing the
subscriptions by stating that the gentlemen from
their own neighbourhood had already subscribed the
following sums to the fund :-Robert Munn, Esq..
500/.; John Lord, Esq., 300/. ; Thomas, David, and
Peter Whitehead, Esqs., 3001. The following sums
were subscribed in the meeting, and announced by Mr.
Moore :-James Hall, 1/. ; John Howorth, Shaw-
clough, 1/. ; Richard lloworth, Water, 1/. ; James
Moorhouse, 1/. ; John Woodhead, is. ; James Nut-
' tall, 1/. ; Richard Picup, is. ; William Rows, 1/. ;
John H. Law, 21.; John Pilling, 1/. ; George Ash-
worth,Nuttal ;WI
oast.e;rfoiooth,
n2/p.
Di ttaawkesro,n laLn;dJioilom.
Ho-
worth, 50/. ; Joseph Travers, 1/. ; John Barcroft, il. ;
John Nuttall, 1/.15.; James Ashworth ss. ; Joseph
Clegg, 1/. ; Henry Ashworth, 1/. ; James
Howorth, 1/. ; John Wood, 7s. ; Dionysius
Law, 11. ; Richard Holt, ss. ; A Friend, 1/. ; J.
Whittles, Old Clough, 1/. ; Moses Whitehead, 10s ;
A Friend, is. ; John lloworth, 11.; James Ashworth,
IL ; James Ashworth, Acre Mill, 51. ; 'Win. Hudson,
21. 2s. ; A Friend, 2s. 6d. ; A Friend, 1/. ; " Bees
Wing." is. ; " Well Wisher," 1/. ; " Total Repeal,"
41. ; Richard Howorth, 1/. ; George Nuttall, 10s. ;
" A Friend to the cause," Si. ; A Friend, by Mr.
Munn, 5/. ; C. Nuttall, 11. ; Lawrence Ingham,
2s. 6d.; A Friend, 2s. 6d. ; A Friend, ls. ; Benjamin
Ashworth, 1/. ; A Friend, is.; William Trewitt, 103.;
A Friend, 10s.; " One who does not like to see a
working man carving a quarter of a pound of bacon
amongst his family of eight children, 103. ; George
Hamilton, Irwell-terrace, 251.; John Fowler, 55.;
Jas. Blackburn, 55.; A Friend, 1/. ; J. Howorth, Lane,
1/. ; John King, Rawtensall, 1/. ls.; " Nothing last
3,ear," •)s. ; A Friend, 1/. ; James Dearden, 11.; Henry
Whittles, 305.; A Friend at Longholme, 1/.; J. Holme,
11.; A Friend, is.: A Friend, Is.; A Friend, by Mr.
Lord, 1/. ; A Friend (new), 1/.; " First chapter of
Genesis, 29th verse," 1 ; James Hargreaves, 55.; A
Friend to " free trade," 1/. ; John Pickup, 1/. ; Henry
Gregory, is. ; John Earnshaw (new), 21 guineas ;
Timothy Nelson, is.; Thomas and John Aitken
(new), 10 guineas ; John Nuttall (double), 65.;
James Emmett (last year 25.), now Gs. ; A Friend,
is. ; A Friend, is. (paid) ; John Mills, 2s. 6d.; " A
Friend to the cause," is. ; A Friend, is. (paid) ; John
Lord, Tong, 1/. (double) ; Henry Tattersall, 2/. ;
Isaac Taylor, 2s. 6d. ; A Friend, 2s. 6c1.; John
Barcroft, 2s. 6d. ; William Hopwood, 10s. ; Joseph
Moss, 1/• • ,
Is • A Friend, ls. ; " Success to the

League," 21. 2s. ; Well-wisher," 1/. ; A Friend,
is. (paid) ; " A Friend to the League," 10/. ;
James Ivison, is.; William Holt (double), 55.;
James Hargreaves (new), 2s. 6d.; William Smith,
(double), 10s.; " Humanity," U. ; A Friend,
2s. Gd.; Abraham Ashworth (new), is. ; "A Drop
before the Shower," 51. ; a friend (paid), 25.;
Emanuel Smith (quadruple), V.; John Whittaker
(new), 1/. ; " Well-wisher, ls.; John Clegg, 10s.;
John Bannister (double), 2s. ; Abraham Jackson
(double), 105.; George Law (new), 2s. 6d.; " Anti-
Humbug," 1/. ; A Friend, 10s. ; John Stansfield, 10s. ;
John Stansfield, jun., 10s. ; James Howorth, los. ;
George Tattersall (new), is. ; " Something," ls. ;
John Ilolt (new), 2s. 6d.; Allies Shepherd, 2s. Gd.;
John Collins (double), is. ; Edmund Lord (double),
is. ; William Taylor (double), ss. ; "Down with all
monopoly," 2s. 6d. ; Isaac Hoye, los.; John Ash-
worth, is.; John Clegg, a working man
(second donation), 103.; Charles llardman,
working man, 7s. 6d.; A Friend (new), is. ;
"By two women power-loom weavers at Stackstead's,"
ss. ; Richard Horrocks, working man, U. Is.;
John Riley, ls.; A Friend, is ; " James Lord, work-
ing man, gave ss. last ar, gives 10s. this year, and
15s. next, if required;' "Do good in thy lifetime,
2s. 6d. ; Charles Stansfield, working man Os. last
year), 1/. ls. • "Juvenile subscriber;" 2s. Gd. (paid) ;
New subscriber, is. ; Edward Barcroft
(double),
working man, ss. ; James Lord (double), working
man, 103.; James Inson (double), working man, 10s.
Total amount of subscriptions in the meeting,
2151. 10s., making a total for Bacup and the
bourheod of One Thousand Three Hundred and Fifteen
Pounds Ten Shillings!
Jonx EARNsnaw, Esq., moved, and Mr. JoHN
DAwsoN soconded, " That this meeting cannot appre-
ciate too highly the exertions which have been made
by R. Cobden, Esq., R. R. Moore, Esq., and Henry
Ashworth, Esq.; and that the thanks of this meeting
be given to those gentlemen for their attendance this
evening."
Mr. COBDEN, in reply, stated that he did not think,
that considering the size of the place, that the Bacup
subscription had been exceeded anywhere in the
kingdom.
IL R. Aloouu, Esq., said, that though he had sub-
scribed to a large amount, he believed that the work-
ing men of Bacup had subscribed more than he had
done according to their ability.
The meeting then separated at eleven o'clock.

EXPERIMENTAL MANURES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sta,—l am an experimental farmer on a small scale (about
25 large Cheshire acres); during the three years I have been
farming I have used almost all kinds of real and artificial ma-
nures—guano amongst the rest. The result of one experiment
was as follows :—A meadow of four large Cheshire acres, strong
brown loam of about 12 inches in depth, with a clay sub-soil,
very good herbage, and in good condition, on one-third of
which I sowed 5 cwt. of guano, costing 60s. ; on another third
I spread 15 tons of stable-dung, at the expense of 51. ss. ; the
remaining third I covered with 10 tens of privy soil, mixed
with 20 cart-loads of road scrapings, which, together with the
expense of mixing, cost 50s. (the scrapings being, made near
to the land). I mowed on the 30th of July, and in order to
carry out my experiment I stacked each separately. The part
manure(' with guano produced 4 tons of long coarse soft hay,
such as the land had never before yielded. That on which the
stable-dung had been put produced 5% tons of fine hay, full of
all the choice kinds of grapes. From the remainder, manured
with the privy, &c., I procured 5 tons, similar in every re-
spect to that produced from stable-dung.
On the 7th of September 1 again mowed the, same field ;the
guano part yielded 21 tons ; that manured with stable-dung
Produced 4 tons ; and from the land on which I spread the
tion!grass, and
privy and scrapings I obtained 4 tons, of the three kinds of
was brown and as bare
similar quality to the first crop.
Intending to write you the result of the experimenatndonprtihvye
30th of the last month, I went to view the field, and found the
gpareretsnwahs ixcihidlslaudm bineeern. mwahniuteredelowviethr, trhieb-sgtarbasles:
the first
many other kinds of choice grapes; strong, and from four to
six inches in length. The guano part
olfrocinonitr seenpetterdatgeisvtianegk (turnips
as a wilderness ; not a herb upon it, except couch-grass, and
that scarcely alive ; I shall be eompelled to plough it for pota-
ctoreesp.
to Onsix 20thtohfemy
cows,o f
eOctoberachtw
and ground oats were given in equal quantities to each cow) •
they yielded at that time five quarts of milk each, night and
morning ; at the end of three weeks those two fed with the hay
produced by guano yielded only two quarts each per meal,
whilst the others had not lessened in the least ; seeing that, I
gave up the use of the inferior hay, and although geed hay is
selling here at 41. per ton, I could only obtain 21. 10s. per ton
for it. The value of the crop stands thus :--
GUANO. £ s. d.
61 tons of hay, at bOs ................................. .... 15 12 6
Deduct cost of guano , ......................... ... 3 0 0

AFFAIRS OF CANADA.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Stn,—l. assure you it is an error to infer that
the question relating to public patronage in Ca-
nada has arisen from mere French Canadian de-
mands. It is no new subject in Canada, and it is
felt to be of the greatest importance to the
British population of the country.
The true principle is stated in the Resolutions
of the House of Assembly, and as it is a dispute
to be determined between the House of A.••sembly
and the Imperial Government, the words they
use are deserving of consideration; as by them
the provincial administration will be governed.
The House of Assembly " disclaims a desire to
call on the:Government to enter into stipulations"
respecting, public patronage. "The mutual con-
fidence essential to the well-being of the Go-
vernment presumes the terms to be understood,
though a respect tbr the prerogative, and a con-
stitutional delicacy towards the Governor, for-
bids their being expressed." This language is
perfectly constitutional, and in conformity with
the principles of British institutions. It does not
require the surrender of the prerogative. Some
person must advise the Governor, for, being a
stranger to the in mince, lie can have no personal
knowlethre of the persons fit to be appointed to
office. Who are those advisers to be? Are they
to be sworn and responsible advisers, whom the
Constitution has appointed, or persons unknown
and concealed, who have an interest in tripping
up the heels of the Members of the Adminis-
tration ?

If Sir C. Metcalfe had replied to his Adminis-
tration that he would consult them upon all
public appointments, reserving to himself the
final decision, and that he would make no ap-
pointment discrediting them in the face of the
province, this dispute would not have arisen.
In England it is the prerogative of the Queen
to appoint public officers, and, also, the ladies
about her person. Sir R. Peel did not demand
this right to be surrendered, but he desired to act
with a due respect for the prerogative, and with
a constitutional delicacy which forbade the terms
of his accepting office from being publicly ex-
pressed. He could not permit the influence of the
back-stairs and of irresponsible persons to inter-
fere with his advice. What was done in
England has been asked to be done in Canada.
No person can doubt that Sir C. Metcalfe is a
very honourable and able man, and really liked
in the province. But the Administration had to
anticipate the possibility of a Governor being set
over them who might act with unworthy mo-
tives. Moreover, it is well known in Canada that
it is a difficult matter for persons born in and
settled in the province to gain public appoint-
ments, though their own merit may be great.
There are always in the colony many persons
with orders to the Governor for appointments in
their pockets—both the orders and the persons
among the newest arrivals—who interfere with
the just expectations of settlers. It is this which
will give this question a Canadian and local inte-
rest, on which an almost unanimous opinion, both
of race and of population, will be expressed.
Jan. 5, 1844. A LOYALIST. ,

THE STANDARD'S "GAMBLING
IMPORTERS" OF CORN.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sia,—The Standard of the 21st.ult. uses the
term "gambling importers" in reference to the
importers of corn.
if the importers of corn are gamblers, pray
who made them such ?
I should say the landowners. Has not the
sliding-scale upon the very flice of- it a tendency
and lure to importers to gamblel- Does it not
say to the importers, if you will try to get up the
averages one shilling per quarter for us, the land-
owners, to keep up our rents, we will give you
an extra profit of 2s. per quartergive us 2s.
you shall have 4s.—give us ss. you shall have
10s.? This is precisely the effect of the sliding-
scale ; for when the averages are up one shilling,
the duty drops one shilling ; so the law makes
gamblers of the importers by giving them a
profit of two shillings per quarter on the rise of
one shilling per quarter in—one shilling by the
rise in price, and the other shilling by the fall in
the duty. It is, I think, sufficiently clear, with-
out further demonstration ; but, in order that
that there may be no question, let us suppose
corn to be 50s. per quarter, the duty 10s.—the
dealer gets 40s. ; but if the average should be 515.,
the duty will be Os. thus, deducting the Os. from
515., the importer gets 425. Yet, while the law
was so drawn as to induce the importers of corn
to play the landowners' game, they must, for-
sooth, be stigmatised as " gambling importers."
Yours, Sze.,
. _

A MEMBER OF THE ANTI-CORN-
LAW LEAGUE.
Ilfracombe, Jan. 3, 1843.

THE CURRENCY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

DEAR SiR,-I had nearly overlooked the letter of fe Ger-
manicus" this evening, when luckily the word " Beirniard"
caught my eye.

The query of " Germanicus" is based on an assumption that
the issuer of a note engages to give the holder a certain weight
of gold fur it.

No such engagement is made. A five pound note, for
example, specifies not that the issuer promises to hand to the
holder so many grains of gold, but that he will pay " five
pounds." If gold has increased in price since the issue of the
note, and silver has not, the issuer hands over a hundred shil-
lings, and the note is duly discharged.
Let us again suppose that instead of silver the issuer pays in
sovereigns; it is clear that the note (taking it for granted that
gold is the only commodity advanced in price) is really en-
hanced in value, since the holder, who when he took the note,
could only command with his five pounds a certain quantity of
cotton, sugar, iron, &c., will, on receiving for his note five
sovereigns obtain that which, taken to the silversmith's, pro-
duces the means of commanding more cotton, &c., than before.
The fallacy is that which I noticed before, viz., the assuming
that ift ho relation between two articles be changed, one must
be depreciated, forgetting that it may be that the other is
enhanced.

The fact is, that during the war the note did not go down,
but that gold went up.
Let us suppose a sudden increase in the demand for French
wines. To-day a given sum in gold will command fifty pipes
of claret ; next year, from increased demand (or diminished
supply), the same sum will command but forty—will the gold
have suffered depreciation ? Believe me, always yours,
BEIRNIATID.
The total paper now circulating in Great Britain (including
bills of exchange) is probably little short of 36x),000,000; in
all Europe perhaps not 180,000,000 of gold could be collected.
Is the paper depreciated 50 per cent. because it is physically
impossible to exchange mere than half of it for gold?

TO THE EDITOR OF 771 E SUN.
SI observe in your paper of last evening a sneering let-
ter, signed " Gordius," attacking my proposal of fixing a silver
measure of value in accordance with the last twenty-five years
average value of the bushel of wheat, and recommending as a
more intelligible measure the reduction of the price of wheat by
an increase in the contents of the bushel. I suppose from the
composition of the letter, that it emanates from ore of that
class who know more about muck than they do about money,
but who have not yet ascertained, according to the maxim of
Lord Bacon, "that money is like muck, of little use unless it
be well spread." As I make it a rule never to write without
subscribing my own name, so I also make it a rule never to
enter upon an argument with those who write anonymously ;
and if a letter which I addressed to the Morning Post yesterday
does not explain to " Gordius" the great difference in the
operation of our two plans, I will, upon learning who he is,
with great pleasure explain to him, through your paper, what
would be the result of each of them. Meantime I feel that
the subject under consideration, the town of Birmingham, and
myself, are far beyond the sneers of the enlightened philosophers
of Ilfracombe.--Yours respectfully, G. F. MUNTZ.
Ley Hall, near Birmingham, Jan. e, 1844.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sia,—The conversion of the Three-and-a-Half per Cent.
Consols is now generally rumoured. The high rate of funded
stock, the low rate of interest, and the large amount of
specie in the Bank, seem to invite the attempt. The con-
version, nevertheless, may not be so easy of accomplishment
as some people imagine. Cheap money may lead to redun-
dancy, and to a general advance of prices. The question,
therefore, may be demanded.--Can Alinisters, aided by the
Bank, effect so desirable a measure ? The following reasoning
may, perhaps, throw some light on so intricate a subject.
The present market price of dollar silver is 43.118 d. per oz.,
and its par price, estimated at 16 to 1 and compared with
gold at 31. 17s. 101?,d., may be said to be 4s. 10id. 625 per
oz. On this calculation, silver will be found to be 11. 7s. 11,4 d.
per centum cheaper than standard gold. llence gold, the
dearer metal, remains in the coffers of the Bank, while silver
the cheaper article, is exported.
We will now presume, that during the process of conver-
sion, the market price of silver advances from 4s. 98d. to ss.
per oz. thereby making gold 2/. 14s. tid. per centum cheaper
than silver. The change in the relative value of the metals
would then cause gold to be demanded at the Bank, while
silver, as an article of export, would be neglected. Any ad-
vance in the market price of silver, therefore, will be the
chief difficulty the Directors will have to contend against.
Again, should the market price of silver, during the pro-
cess of conversion remain, even for the short period of three
months at ss. per oz., might not such a demand for gold at
the Bank be established, as to compel the Directors to put on
the screw; and would not the application of this pinching
instrument raise the rate of interest, depress the value of
Consols, and even render the conversion exceedingly hazardous ?
Should the above remarks be worthy of notice you are at
liberty to publish them. Your's, &c.,
LUZITANO.
Manchester, Gth Jan., 1840.

ASSIZE :!nd QUARTER SESSIONS
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN,
Sin,—By Act of Parliament, quarter sessions might be so
fixed as to be held a short period before the spring, summer,
and winter assizes, and would be egaremely convenient not only
to judges of assize but to the public, 4/14 ii 4ving of cost to
counties. For instance, instead of the sessions been held in
January, April, July, and October, they might be held in No-
vember, February, May, and August. These periods hap-
pen before the three assizes, and be convenient for counsel ;
the quarter sessions circuits having finished, they eisulsl join
the judges the first commission day on the assize circuit?,
PUBLIC GOOD.

We regret to I,earo thg Liepteppit-Getieral Sir
Hudson Lowe, Colonel of the 50th Regiinpai, is suffering from
the effects of a severe attack of paralysis, and that his state of
health is such as to cause serious apprehension of the result to.
• r‘nlitY 404 riio)44l, itcf/ service 014ette,
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