The Sun.
London, England, 1826-07-03 00:00:00

ETRr NIORNING Pont.]

Previously to the period when the Quarterly Ac-
count of the Revenue is made up and promulgated,
much cnriosity, is,always excited as to its amount, and
from the circumstances in which the country hes been
and is still placed, an interest anore lively than usual
is naturally felt upon this subject at the present mo-
That the receipt of Revenue during the-Quar-
ter, now drawing to its conchision, is considerably less
than ,that of the corresponding Quarter of last year, can
occasion no surpritie ; nor does' the fact, if properly
cansidered, afford`tiny hist grounds of consternation
or dismay. Although there is unquestionably a dimi-
nution, and a. very considerable one, we, have the
gratification of believing, upon what we consider
good authority, that the gloomy anticipations which
have been indulged, will prove Upon this, as they
have generally proved upon former occasions, to
have greatly overrated the deficiency. We see,
on looking back to former statements, that the
amount of Excise and Customs, taken together,,
received during the Quarter ending on the Pith
July, 1825, exceeded the amount received' in the cor-
responding quarter of 182.1, by more .than 2'25,000/.,
notwithstandMg the great and unprecedented reduction
in the-rate of taxation which intervened between the
two periods. The first half of the year 1525 was a
period during which the revenue was productive in a
degree that excited, universal astonishment. It wool,i
be still more astonishing, 'however, if the revenne of
the quarter now expiring could compete with that of
the corresponding quarter of such a year, as 1825._
We dare, however, venture to predict, that ..the re-
ceipt of the current quarter, allowing for the taxes
which 'have been taken off, will be found to sustain no
very disadvantageous comparison with that of the cor-
responding quarter of 1824. The principal defieiency
in thisquarters statement, compared with that of the
sth of last year, we have reason to expect will be
found under the head' of Customs.

ment.

LTHE MOR1:101 unznALD.3
The people who in our days call themselves Whigs
•
are certainly a strancrety irritable and Inecinahtent race.
Itor them tidk one would suppose that they. wetre
the wale foontain of all liberal ideas, and that without
than the very stream of liberty would be dried up,

and its course obliterated ; yet only let their favourite
liberty but cause any one of them the least annoyance,
and up he starts,
,the warmest and moot resentful of
God's creatures, ready to burn every,printing-press in
the kingdom, to incarcerate every printer, and to quar
rel, with every unlucky wight who has the hardihood
or the misfortune so much as to drop, -blithe warmth
of argument, one syllable in the smallest-degree reflect-
ing upon any one of these soi-disant apostles of unli-
mited discussion, and of unrestrained speech and ac-
tion. If the retards of the House, of Commons Were
searched, nine-tenths of the complaints of breach of
privilege would be found to bear out this assertion. If
there is any period which more than another claims a sort
of exemption from too rigid a scrutiny of What is done
or said during its continuance, it is that of a General
Election ; and it has, therefore, ever been considered, by
common consent, as a kind of Carnival, when any one
could take a more than ordinary liberty with his bet-
sera; when the servant can lecture the_ master; and
when rival candidates and their, adherents could. abuse
each other without ceremony or restraiut. In the bet-
ter days of Whigism all this was done with impunity,
and we have only to look •at the history of former
elections for Westminster to see Mr. kox bearing
with perfect equanimity and disregard all sorts of im-
putations, both serious and, jocular, that his adversa-
ries could heap. upon him.; and the Tories, in their
turn, bearing all kinds of slander with equal indiffe.
rence. But not so the modern Whigs, on whose
constitutions and temperament, the whole tribe of ner-
VOUS diseases seems to have mad. a fearful inroad,
Of Alderman Wood's foolish war against a bill-sticker
we have already expressed our, opinion ; and now
we have a. much more considerable .member of
the same party, one who is, or aspires to be, its
leader—no less, a man than Mr. Brougham himself,
fretting, tidgetting, and fuming, ,because, forsooth,
his adversary,at a contested election tells him, in sub-
stance, that lie understands talking better than ,fight-
ing. The Words imputed to Col. Lowther, taken in
their broadest sense, have in them nothing which
called for explanation ; they, amounted merely to one
ottliose sallies of which such occasions are for ever
productive ; and its they implied a sort of "cedant
arm inpo.a.," which Mr. Brougham might just as well
have taken them AS a compliment as construed them
into an affront. But no—there was a liberty of
speech about it which modern Whig can both preach
and practise himself, but the practice of which in others
he cannot abide. Let Mr.. Brougham only look ,at
the things which have been said at Preston, at Ilches-
ter, at Ipswich, at Maldon, at Waterford, Dublin,
and Galway, and then ask himself, whether, when
Tories have borne so much in good humour, it was
worth the while of a Whig to bounce and fume about
nothing.

t
moitruNG cunoNICLE-]
We refer our readers to .a letter in. another column
on .the intelligence from .Colombia, .from a gentleman
well acquainted with that part of Ameries..4le sup-
poses that Colombia is destined to still further changes,
and that the western extremity, Quito, will in all pro 7
bauility soon follow the example of. Caraccat; but
that it will be a matter,of very little consequence; as
far as Europe is concerned,. what changes taki'plice in:'
the different ,roveniments. The only conceivable
mode .by widely a territory as large,hts.Europe can be
held together, as a Republic; i*by giving a local go-
vernment to each portion of it,: of which, front Shutt-
the population Iney t,e Haiii.to be
eounecteti by a mama,. moon. The general govern.,
mint or federal. onion, , by which the different States
are held together, be stronger orweaker as the
'communication ,is easy or difficult:between them:: In
the great North American union there are na then.,
sive wildernes.ses, or almost impassable.mountains,'be.
tureen thedifferent States, and they are therefore cOn.,
fleeted, together by commercial. and other relations in a
hundred, different ways, In. such a Union thegene,
ral government will, have manylraffairs common to:the
whole, States to 4e,(j4e,
„4.ooyagr*liiitay gain more
and More power, , litit!virltat,ist, there in, .common
be-
tween Caucus and Quito, now that the yoke.of Old
Spain has been , throwtr-,fiff ? The bond of Vo3n.
formed by the debt to gngland, will not be any great.
otistriele in the way of sepzirsition ; but as far as the
South- American debts are.voncerned, it is; of very lit-
consequence,,ive supposegvvhit revolutionS'Ae .
vernmentw experience, as the chanee of payment will
neither be diminished nor increased.:

[TIMBRITISH PRICSI3.I
An almost infinite 'number of theories have been
cleviseil, to account for the depressed State of tire Com-
mercial interest.; but, in general, the 'effect has been
assumed for the cause, and each of the. various forms
in which the principaLsource of the evil has discover-
,ed itself, has, by one or other of the inquirers, been
;considered 'as the sole Cause, thelate distresses. This
is a mistake which it is very easy to &ilium, from that
'spirit of generalization which has led men in all depart
k -
men of knowledge to seek. fora- single principle to
account ior whole classes of -facts ; .and it is not to be
expected that any great progress will be made in poli.
tical science, till we adopt more generally the method
which has been found so' succesilid in natural know-,
ledge;--7confining,aurselves to mere conclusions, from
facts, and not venturing to connect , the principles
thtisydeduced with others, till the experience of other
farts (and there 'are enough scattered through his-
tory, without venturing on experiMents) shall enable
us to ,connect them, without any of those ,wild supposi+
tions to which it is usual to have recourse for title purpose.
.These • observations weie.iuggesied to us lately by
.our receiving a pamphlet by Mr. Western, the Member.
car Essex., in which he attempts to resolve :all the
causes' which concurred in, producing the late crisis-
into one, the state-of the. currency. There is little'
novelty in the theory, which. has heeri again and again
brought fPrWard in the Course of the last half century ;
but we consider the publication of this, mphlet as
important,' because it discovers the line of argument
which 14 to he pursued by the advocates of the
Corn taws, in the diseussion on this sub act which will
-undoubtedly take place in the 'neVi Parliament: This'
ProdUetion! %vs Consider as the manifesto of inch of the.
:Cot mtry crentlemeki as still continue unconvinced 'of the'
expediency of a. liberal system with regard to tbe,Corn
Trade. It is by diverting, the public attention from
the Corn Lavisio ,the Currenty that they`- now-ex»
pest to obtain their. object: The, cannot deny that
(cloianteceleral'"froitil iinh'ettegernhtfacturing
the
to ,every districts, nor can they
landed, property, lr the
81)43ciew of property, 'alanitligteor ivi;himiciehmivooruel.dthaanristoe
shotild. rise to such a height threatened
dieconients in -these quarters
as they lately
to do. They must be aware that the employment of
;the bayonet for the supp ression. of disturbanceslike
,these; would, even if suceessful,
be productive of ruin
ous effects to.their- possossiona, Thai fruits,ol4 ich,
',-

!' a time of civil war, would be considered as the legiti-
mate property of those engaged in it.. 'They ought to
know that it was not the Military force.that suppressed
the disturbances at Manchester—that a military force
alone never can suppress the discontents of this nation
that such :a suppression would be still More difficult
'in a case like this, .where the 'cause of the people is the
cause of the soldiers ; and that even were such -sup-
fression practidable, it would be only changing overt
orce into concealed hatred----it would be', convert-
ing the English nation into cringing but revenge-
ful ,would be reversing the fate of the
Helots, and enabling the cultivators of the [toll tO cloud-
neer over the inhabitants of the city. But we repeat
our assertion, it - never happened—
that she discontents of the English people were.sup-
preased .by military.force. When property was to be
defended; when a few-instigators - had .succeeded in
raising a-. riot against the better sense of 'the more
respectable; part of -the community..-.when the people
had taken a mistaken view of the -case, and were con-
vinced of their mistake—or:whairthey succeeded in
convincing . their rulers that :They were mistaken—in
these cases the military has no doubt been: successful
in suppressing the petty efforts of an ill-ad Vised mob;
but, all the energy of the present or of any Government
would be incapable of suppressing the spirit of. the
English people, when convinced that they are. in
the right, and . that, they are: contending against
what they .consider as oppression. It' was not the
bayonets of the :soldiery that suppressed: the riots at
Manchester.: Men who held up their handkerchiefs for
therifiemen .to take aim at--men who entered factories
by:the one door, while the military entered at the
other—were not likely to be intimidated by the terrors
inspired' by a few. regiments. The riots were sup-
pressed, because the people soon Saw that the power-
looms were not the real objects of which they had to
complain ; while they were informed,- at the same time,
that Crovernment was as anxious as they were for the
adoption of a better system. With regard to: the trade in
corn, , We are convinced that , many:of the country
gentlemen already see the impolicr of continuing re-
strictive,measures, even when' considered, as connected
with the value of their' property. They already .see
that the mere: number of sovereigns is not . the true
estimate of revenue, but the quantity of necessaries
or luxuries that may be purchased. with .them.—
They already see that a free trade, by admitting com-
petitton, would promote agricultural exertion, to -a
degree which would soon, not:only indemnify them for.
their apparent loss by' the.' additional quantity of pro-
duce, but would enable them. gradually to raise their
rents, in proportion to the :increase of produce, far
above the level at, which they are now fixed, without
hope of increase. If there is no 'reason for exertion;
none will be- made ; 'but such is the natureof 'the
human mind, if its force is once called forth,' that it
Will afterwards continue to act when it has overcome
its immediate object, and will continue to act for the:
mere pleasure of acting. is thus that the difficulty
of raising any thing from a Scotch Soil has rendered,
the Scots the hest-fanners in. the, . world. We' conjure
the,. country gentlemen to consider this well, and to
consider too what danger might arise from a clamour
against farmers,' -similar to' that against power4ooms.
It is in vain to endeavour to escape from, a question
by talking of the currency., There maybe faults in
our system, remedies reedies have been tried,. and are now
tried ;! and the people, ere.eorivincedi vihether there are
faults there or not, that there are fitaltie hi other quet-•
.tare` of far more vital iintvArtance. _

pal
POLICE 1 SZTEILLICIENC E.

31ANST.ON-1101.1S'E.—L INITORTANT COIMERCIA 1. CASE.--
Saturday the .lustiee-Boon was crowded by Pilots l'elomting to the
Trinity House, who' Waited the decisibn of the" Lord Ala* on an
!informarioh laid againit. Captain Poet, of, the ship croalay,, of
London, bound to Hamburgii. The information charged him
having incurred a. penalty, not exceeding 201., by having,
las was alleged, in violation of the lilnt Act, flth Geo, ,1V...' cap.
navioted his ship at. far as Orfophiesi, without, taking on
•board r liconied Pilot %tonging to- the Trinity
,6npany...-,The
'facts were not disiintscl. .7.Che Defendant, whose vessel wait may
10 tons burden, had navigated her out of the River hirriself,:and
thus.saystt the expense of a Pi lot,;, in this instance, would
have hew tq. Sd. 'The question Was, Whet:het-14 the Act
cited ''slie:Coirintander of this 'Oasis of vessels were hotind'to• incur
the expense of Pilots?

Junes, of Bucklerebury, ths,aolicitor for the defendant—
,This is a questioq of the greatest, importance, not Tinerely to the
litanies, shipowners, and the Trinity Company; but to the com-
!mere* of the country.. By
„the Act,. all veep launder sixty tons
hurthen were exempted from the obligation of employing a Tri-
nity Pilot in navigating the River, and the iiilots had,hitherto
paid no attention• to vessels. of that description. Rut latterly,
!vessels .of a larger t•lasso, similar to the Crosby, had come into
very general use, for it was found they couldpi almost any where,
'and that they were extrernely cheap. The Trinity Pilots now
;wished to make this description of vemseli; which they had never
!before attended 'to, tributary: 'IP they 'aueceeded in saddling
them with, stmlt a charge, it. would be in the!higheit; degree
detrimental to commerce ;' hut he trusted a full exemption Would
be found in the GOth pection of the. Act, which, midst a deal
of confusion, and what he could not help coni:tlertng as non_
sense, Stated if follows

"Provided always, , that for and notwithstanding any thing is
this Act contained," &c., or of 'any' vessel , not eatceedisit the
burden,of (30 tons, and having a British register, except MI here-,
inafter provided; or of any other ship or vessel whatever, whilst
the sante. is Within the limits of the pill or place tp which she
belongs, the same not. Iteing a port or place, in relation to which
particular provision lath heretofore' been made by any Act or
Acts of Parliament; or by any clutiter or charters, for the
pointtnent of pilots, shall, and may lawfully, and without being
subject to any of the penalties imposed, conduct or pilot his own
ship or vessel," Ike.
The Cionby was admit:tato belong to this port.
The soxt4t7®a ftir.the Trinity Company.eontentlial,! that. the
exceptions did not apply, as the port of London was It place "in
relation to which particular provision had heretofore been made"
by various Acts of Parliament.
The Loan Mavott.::.4.not• this Act. tapeala all former Acts,
which 0411104'ilow, therefore, be referred to. • •
The §'ottcrrouingenionslycontentled. that they might be re-,
(erred to, as explanatory of the present 40.
The Loan MAvon asked 'orte-of the pilots what would be the
disadvantage. to the public if till Captain of suck's vissel were
allowed to navigati!his•own ship,: provided he felt himself com-
petent to dri so? . .

The Pilot—The lose of the ship.
The. Lain 31A-Xne—Can you give me any instance where
Such was the consequence?
The Pilot„I cannot remember such an, instance at present.
The Latta MAvoa asked what wee the' freight of this vessel ?
-The. Captain replied, that it Was 431. •
The LORQ MAYOR observed, that a cbarge of 6/.9.1 upon "c,l'
a freight was certainly too lellol4o to he
imposed without the
stroageat necessity, but, with that he had notbutg to do. All he
had to 'attend to svas the Act, and he,wal.fhettFil•of opinion that
the section cited etempted-sucli vessels from.what• could only he
considered as a 1,, Mien, where the, parties,Pome"ed 641fitthtnt okiil
to navigate their 'iemels thee, vet. Ile diamissedthe information.
This SoLterron for' the Trinity IR'" strongly hmougilt 411
Lordship, if he dill not feel the Most clear conviction upon the
words of The Statute, to give the parties an opportunity of having
the question argued elsewhere, 4y convicting the defendant. He
could appeal. The CoMpany had no appeal against his Ltd..
shipte revision: • • •
• The Loan 111Avoit said, he 'had not a doubt upon Olip ku.kiee
and was not iudined to put the defendapt to such an ex per,,, t,
u The Sor'rrottintlriudeti 'wit 'the Company Would take the
opinion of the Attetney4leneril On die subject.lsis I.bnnettt`r'
afterwards observed), that Inne4 tif the hitsineas
of the Port of London was•taken to other porta, in consequence of
the greater expenee of its part dues and charges.,....ll,wo eon-
vinced that upon proper investigation tliey might' he redutxd
full
20 per cent. to the public interest, and that as tnany ld he
abrotkrid'il*Piglible.-