The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-05 00:00:00

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LONDON, FRIDAY -1
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PUBLICATIONS.

THE EMANCIPATION OF INDUSTRY.
This Day are Published,
TRACTS ON THE EMANCIPATION OF
INDUSTRY.

mination. And if these causes be already at
work—if at Lahore the Minister is viewed with
jealousy and hatred—if another revolution is ap-
prehended, which to the suddenness of the
former one may add the atrocities of 'greater
bloodshed and the perils of further change—if
already the inhabitants are flying for security
into the British territory —if at Peshawur
there is dread of an Affghan invasion—if'
in Sinde a savage insurrection is apprehended
from a half-conquored people—if at Gwalior
are felt the embarrassments and the per-
plexities which have never failed to hamper
the minority- of an Eastern despotism—if
all these elements of trouble are at work in the
independent States, we do not see how they can
otherwise than re-act upon those which are
either allied or tributary to us. Sooner or later
the flame of discord must burst forth; nor will
the danger of the conflagration be confined to
the scene of its origin. To be prepared, then, is
not only wise, as against any danger; but it is
at once wise and merciful to make such prepa-
rations as will defend our Indian possessions from
the insolence of rash aggression, and, if they do
not succeed in preventing a war in the north-
western parts, will at least succeed in bringing that
war to an honourable and happy termination. We
do not desire for this country territorial aggran-
dizement; but when we look to the condition of
the native population of India—when we contem-
plate what may be done—much more,alas Lthan
that which has been done—by bringing them in
contact with English habits, opinions, and sen-
timents—by emancipating them from the yoke
of caste, from the mock servility to their pageant
Princes, from the tyranny of exaction, and
the spoliation of usury—when we see the poor
inhabitants of a troubled district running for se-
curity into the English possessions, as into a
place of safe refuge—we certainly do recognise,
-
not only the State policy, but we may even call
it, the social philanthropy of those demonstra-
tions which are intended to repress insurgent
Ameers, to control the Court of Lahore, and to
intimidate the successors of Scindia, by a bold-
ness and a vigour such as wrenched the sceptre
from the hand of Surajah Dowlah, stemmed the
might of Hyder Ali, and crushed the marauding
violence of the Mahrattas.
CHRONICLE.—An able and well-timed
pamphlet has just been published by Ridgway,
until the title of" What is to be done? or, Pre-
sent, Past, and Future." The question is one
that the whole kingdom is beginning to ask, We
firmly believe that no five minutes' conversation
on public affairs takes place in any part of the
empire without its occurrence. No year within
the memory of this generation has opened upon a
mass of political embarrassments so intricate, so
dangerous, so perplexing, as those which now sur-
round and menace the Government of the
country. It is a time for hearing any man who
can give a word of seasonable advice; and the
writer of the pamphlet before us, whoever he
may be, is evidently qualified, by knowledge,
sagacity, and earnestness, to give counsel worthy
of attention. His work displays an intimate
knowledge of the politics of the last twenty
years; the style is brilliant and forcible, and
the matter so abundant that it would supply
themes for many articles. He treats first of
men, and then of measures. This is the right
order at such a time as the present. When
the crisis is sharp, and life is in peril, the
first question must be, who is qualified to pre-
scribe ?—who has shown the capacity to cure?
Morever, it is an indispensable part of prudence,
in such cases, to inquire what each set of men
professes to do, what it has always been trying
to do, and what it has successfully done ? After
some remarks on the break-up of the old Tory
party in 1827, and of the singularly unsuccessful
Administration of the Duke of Wellington, the
author of the pamphlet sketches the history of
the memorable ten years of Whig Government.
He describes, briefly and fairly, the unequalled
combination of great measures by which that
period was distinguished, and in doing so recalls
much which, with the proverbially easy oblivion
of benefits received, men have been too ready to
forget. Assuredly no other Ministry ever took
its place in history with so splendid a series of
legislative triumphs. To say nothing of the repeal
of the Test and Corporation Acts, or of Catholic
Emancipation, which were virtually carried by
the same party, when in opposition, against the
will of the Tory Government, we had Parlia-
mentary reforms—abolition of slavery—munici -
pal reform—the establishment of national edu-
cation in Ireland, and its commencement in
England—English and Irish Church reforms—
punishment of death reforms—poor-law reform
—postage reform—law reforms—pension-list re-
forms—abolition of sinecures—diminution of
placemen and patronage—reduction of seven
millions of taxes, leaving, on the whole, a ba-
lance of surplus revenue over expenditure, and,
when large necessary expenditure for a time
destroyed that surplus, an attempted taxation
reform, involving the abolition of all monopolies
and protections. Nearly every one of these
reforms brought the Government into hosti-
lity with some corrupt interest; and, by con•
tinual collision, it grew weaker from day to
day. The feelings connected with private in-
terests are more constant, intense, and effec-
tive in their operation, than those arising
from public benefits; and every year of Whig
Government added to the number of those
who had the strongest reasons to wish, and
scheme, and struggle for its downfal. Mean-
while the popular enthusiasm, which had floated
the Reform Bill over every obstacle, was ebbing
away, and the old Tory interests were emerging
from the tide, and gaining prominence daily.
At length the Tory Government was restored by
the grand coalition of monopoly interests, which
defeated the Whig budget. But what is it, and
what is its position ? The author of the pam-
phlet gives a masterly answer to this question.
He commences with a felicitous portrait of Sir
Robert Peel, which will be found elsewhere, and
every trait of which deserves the attentive con-
sideration of those who feel the least interest in
the character of the Government. He then goes
on, and makes good every allusion in the sketch
by proofs in detail, which, taken all together,
amount to a demonstration, absolutely irresistible
of the essentially unstatesmanlike character of
the Prime Minister, We can hardly imagine
any stupidity so opaque, any party pre-
judice so callous to unwelcome impressions, or
any subtlety of evasion so refined, as to unt
the edge or resist the force of this calm and
logical exposition. We recommend a careful
perusal of it to all Members of Parliament, as
a preparation to the discussions on the address.
But what is the main source of weakness in the
present Government? It lies in the fact that
the Government is, from its party position and
history, even if not—which may be doubted—
from inclination, stationary and repressive, while
the public mind is advancing. The Whig Go-
vernment showed itself fully cognizant of the
wants of the time. It might not have advanced
as fast as many wished, but its movement was
onward, and its principles were those of pro-
gression. It gave the great example of a
progressive Administration, and so created
a powerful public opinion, which will not
be content with a Government that is not
progressive. The old vessel, which only
moved by tacking right and left, as
the winds of party blew, now feels the applica-
tion of a novel and tremendous power. The
Captain, in despite of a mutinous crew, tries to
shape his course according to the new circum-
stance, but be either does not know how, or is
not permitted to adapt himself to the unusual
but irresistible impulse. It is evident that a new
head and new hands are necessary to avert ship-
wreck. The management of public opinion has
become, what the management of the House of
Commons was formerly, an art of primary im-
portance to every Government. But how is it
possible that this eminently active and expan-
sive principle should ally itself with the inert
policy of such a Cabinet as the present ?
How is it possible that a man like Sir
Robert Peel, who has spent his life in short-
sighted endeavours to prevent the inevitable
triumphs of public opinion a man whose
chief title to be historically remembered
is derived from a series of tardy and reluctant
submissions to its imperative demands—should
now, at the eleventh hour, evince the skill and
mental ascendancy necessary to guide the move-
ment by which he has been hitherto so igno-
miniously driven ? No such moral miracle can
be looked for. The Premier will still be the
same fbotball of fortune that he has been. The
direction in which he may be flung next will de-
pend upon the quarter from which the strongest

ANOWNII.OO.OI
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THE MIRROR of LITERATURE, AMUSE.
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NO. 1.--1. PROPOSITION;CONaRNING the CAUSE and
REMEDY of the PRESENT DISTRESS.-2. PRINCIPLES
of a SOCIETY for the EMANCIPATION of INDUSTRY.—
:3. REMARKS on Sir ROBERT PEEL'S LETTER to the

WILSON'S SCOTTISH ENTERTAIN-
AIENTS.
MUSIC-HALL, STORE-STREET, BEDFORD-
SQUARE.
On MONDAY EVENING, January 8, at Eight o'Clock.
ANITHER NICHT Wl' LURNS.
SONGS.
PART I.—Here awa, there awa, Wandering Willio—O
whistle, and I'll come to ye, my lad—Mary Morison—Last May
a brave wooer cam' down the lang glen-0 this is no tny ain
lassie—Green grow the rashes, 0.
PART H.—There was a lass, and she was fair—My tocher's
the jowel-0 poortith cauld—The Battle o' Sherramuir—Wilt
thou be my dearie ?--Husband, husband, cease your strife—
Here around the Ingle bleezing. Mr. Wilson will recite Tam
o' Shanter.

Pianoforte, Mr. LAND.

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Dec. 28, 1843.

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1:1
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FOR STOPPING DECAYED TEETH.
M
R. THOMAS'S SUCCEDANEUM,
Price 4s. 6d.
Patronised by her Majesty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert,
and her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent.
This valuable SUCCEDANEUM for STOPPINC DE-
CAYED TEETH, however large the cavity is far superior to
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Mr. Thomas, Surgeon-Dentist, 68, Berners-street, Oxford-
street. At home from eleven till four.

CHRISTMAS PRESENTS,
BIRTHDAY, NEW YEAR'S, AND CHRISTENING GIFTS,
WATSON, 41 and 42, BARBICAN, and 16,
• NORTON FOLGATE, has a Large Stock of USEFUL
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BRILLIANCY AND ECONOMY IN LIGHT.
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CABBITR N'S ANTI-DOLORIC OI L,
FOR THE CURE OF RHEUMATISM, GOUT,
SPINAL AFFECTIONS,

"To Air. CA 1111 URN,
" Dear Sir,—l have the pleasure to inform you many per-
sons in this town and neighbourhood have, and are receiving
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swat an article. ‘, 1 ant yours truly,
goodness, it is a pleasure to recommend
,' .1. CLAYTON.
"‘ Meeke's-place, Doncaster, July 17, 1813."

sent from York
_ . • -
Testimonials of importance within these few weeks have been
Brighton, Norwich, hull, &c., to Mr. Cabburn's Dispensary,
King's Cross, London, where tbe Oil maybe had in bottles, at
, Sheffield. Hereford, Manchester, Durham,
2s. 9d,, 4s. (id., 11s., and 925. ; likewise of all the principal Me-
dicine Venders in the Kingdom. Ask for Cabburn's Oil for
the cure of Rheumatism, &c.

434, OXFORD-STREET.
10 SHIPPERS, OWNERS, CAPTAINS, and OTHERS
Copies of Testimonial's, Gratis, by all Agents.
GRIMSTONE'S EYE SNUFF..—Under the
Patronage of his late Majesty, her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Kent, and the Lords of the Treasury, is universally
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AND DEAFNESS CURED!
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o others, recommend
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am! call it 4, M
Eye Sniff, an s best Friend," and the
ita tae
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th o first respectability.

Snuff and Cigar Merchant, Nottingham.
To Mr. W. Grirnstene
Nottingham, 28th Aug. 1841.
This ext raordinary cure is attested by 111 r. James Wilcockson'
F:11: feei
g
great pleasure in sending you the particulars of
m
and the miraculous cure performed on myself, by
using your truly valuable Eye.. Snuff. Sir, I am now in my
:?3d year, and a native of Holland, have been in this country
26 yearn. Whether from change of climate, or my advanced age,
:;' i
case, en
I cannot say, but for six years I have been deprived of sight,
eie thereforeve I
shouldunable
remained in darkness and pain but for
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purchased a 23. 4d. canister of your agent, Mr. Wilcockson, to-
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nesslit
have follow
bmy business. I do most sincerely
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I am, Sir, your obliged servant,
28th Aug. 1841. ANNIS ZENIA lIIASSENIA.
P. S.—Sir,—l should not do you justice without stating my
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It eed from humour, and by persevering in its use very Ire-
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Nottingham. A. Z. M.
Observe the Caution.—W. GIIIIIISTONE is the sole in-
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- . 11 in all
also be obiann the principal Towns and Cities. A
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iendors of Orimstone's Eye Snuff. This celebrated Snuff
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the AnorteFt onto!.
HERBARY LIIGHGATE

His Illustrated Catalogue and Price Current is just published,
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all other Goods in Furnishing Hardware, which may be had gratis,
and post free, from the above address.

= -
SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

TIMES.—The news from India is calculated
to excite, rather than gratify, curiosity. Dis-
sensions, overt and apprehended, treasons sus-
pected and punished, in Lahore; the collection
of one large army at Agra, the meditated pro-
gress of the Governor-General to the Sutlej at the
head of another; and his provision for the admi-
nistration of Bengal during his absence—all these
indicate, if not a determination to carry war into
the Purijaub, at least a conviction that a war
must ensue, sooner or later, in that country, and
that it is necessary to meet it with promptitude,
vigour, and decision. We have hitherto de-
nounced all unnecessary invasions as unjust and
immoral. In the case of India, they might also
be with truth condemned as most impolitic. The
vast number of nations already subject to us
between the Indus and the Burhampooter, ren-
ders an accession of empire at once onerous
and hazardous. We would prefer seeing
the British possessions confined within their
present limits to obtaining an extension
of territory at the cost of justice, good faith,
or the welfilre of the natives. But poli-
tical necessity is a stern and rigid despot.
She disregards scrupulousness; she derides cau-
tion. Inflexible in purpose, and rapid in
,her
execution, yet she is neither capricious nor wan.
tonly unjust. She balances the good against the
evil ; and though she may sometimes be re-
proached with doing a little wrong in order to
compass a great right, she oftener waves a seem-
ing right to obtain a real and lasting good. She
discountenances arbitrary aggression and preda-
tory conquests; but she still further discounte-
nances the indifference which provokes contempt,
and the tranquillity which hoards up insult and
war for a future day. What has been the history
of our Indian possessions ? Has it not been a
continuous series of involuntary acquisitions?
Have we not been betrayed into hostilities by
treachery or violence; from collision gained ter-
ritory and power; from success in the field formed
profitable and honourable alliances; and on our
pacific relations laid the foundations of greater
glory and greater power ? Those who at first
courted us from fear have turned against us
in perfidy; and those whom we subdued once
were lulled by our moderation into a disbelief of
our resources and a contempt of our daring ;
until, in self-defence, we were compelled to cas-
tigate perfidious friends, or to coerce rash and
unprovoked enemies. From allies and con-
querors we became masters ; and those who
found themselves neighbours to a new and grow-
ing dynasty invoked our assistance, and submitted
themselves to our protection. The same cycle of
treachery, aggression, and temerity was again re-
peated ; and at last, despise our sure protest, from
a slip of ground on the coast of Madras, we ac-
quired the empire of Hindostan. But the con-
quests which have been achieved may enforce the
necessity of future acquisitions. The elements of
internal weakness will hardly be confined to one or
two particular States; and the helplessness which
has suffgested,or the misfortunes which have com-
pelled: previous submissions to the British Go-
vernment, may render future submission in-
evitable. In the States which have retained, or
seem to retain, their independence up to thQ
present time, causes may now be operating no
less forcible than those which dethroned the
Nabob of Bengal, and degraded the Monarch of
Delhi into a glittering Appendage of Saxon do.