The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-26 00:00:00

FRANCE.

CHAMBER OF DEPU PIES.—SITTING oir JAN. 24. .
At two o'clock M. Sauzet, the President, took the chair,
when the debate on the address was resumed.
The paragraph under discussion was the following :
" Your Majesty announces that you have concluded treaties
of commerce with the King of Sardinia and the republics of
of the Ecuador and of Venezuela, and that you are engaged in
negotiations with other States in various parts of the world.
We hope, Sire, that those treaties and negotiations, whilst
they maintain to national labour the protection that its state
demands, will open a wider career to the intelligent activity of
the country."

M. Gauthier de Rumilly, the first member inscribed to
speak against the paragraph, said that he fully concurred with
the Minister of Commerce in the propriety of adjourning the
debate until the presentation of the Customs Bill announced
by the Minister.
_

Al. Cunin Gridaine next rose, and assured the Chamber
that the Bill was ready, and would shortly be submitted to the
approbation of the Chamber.

:NI. JaiHandier afterwards asked the Minister for Foreign
Affairs, if the negotiations with the United States, relative to
the tariff, had been attended with any result
Guizot replied, that the American tariff was not directed
against French trade alone, but against the trade of all na-
tions ; that England had been aggrieved by it as well as
France, and that there was no chance of obtaining redress from
the present Congress, who were anxious that the tariff should
continue in force. All the negotiations had hitherto produced
no result ; but the next Congress would in all probability be
more accessible to the complaints of England and France, and
then fresh negotiations might be entered into with some chance
of success.

M. Taillandier observed, that France might have recourse to
reprisals; but M. Guizot was of opinion that it was advisable
to wait for the meeting of the next Congress.
In answer to another question addressed to him by M. Ville-
neuve, M. Guizot declared that the treaties already concluded
would be presented to the Chamber, together with the Cus-
toms Bill, and that no other treaty should be concluded before
the presentation of that Bill.
M. Lacrosse, who next addressed the Chamber, complained
of the little solicitude of the Government fur the maritime re-
lations of France, of the neglected state of the colonies, of the
abandonment to the Brazils of 10,000 square leagues belonging
to French Guiana; of the neglect of French interests in Mexico,
guaranteed by the treaty of 1839 ; of the non-payment of the
indemnity stil.ulated therein in favour of despoiled French
citizens ; and of the insufficiency of the naval force maintained
by France in the Gulf of Mexico, &c.
M. Guizot, in reply, said that the negotiations relative to the
frontiers of French Guiana, which were formerly pending in
the Brazils, were now conducted in Paris, and that they, would
be brought, he hoped, to a speedy conclusion. As respected
Mexico, he admitted the truth of some of the complaints of M.
Lacrosse. It was perfectly true that the Mexican Government
now arbitrarily levied on foreign merchandise duties of 20 per
cent. ; that it had adopted a system of measurement which
subjected French vessels to pay navigation duties by one=fourth
or one .third greater than before ; that it hadlaid exorbitant
duties on the export of precious metals, and had finally pro-
hibited French citizens from carrying on any retail trade
within the republic, and allowed them only six months 18,
dispose of their property. The Government, he said, had
not overlooked those grievances, and its remonstrances had al-
ready induced Mexico to abrogate on the Bth of November,
1843, the measure relative to the tonnage. The English capi-
talists residing at Vera Cruz, who supplied the French retailers
with goods, were interested in the decree being revoked, and
the English Government had on her side addressed energetic
remonstrances on the subject to the Mexican Republic.
M. de Mackau, the Minister of Marine, in his turn, assured
M. Lacrosse that the naval station in the Gulf of Mexico was
sufficient for the protection of French trade in that Gulf.
M. Glais Bizoin next inquired if the Minister of Marine had
adopted measures to terminate the disastrous warfare raging on
the banks of La Plata?

M. de Mackau rose, and communicated to the assembly two
dispatches of Admiral Massieu, dated the 20th of October and
9th of November, 1843, from which it would appear that the
resistance of Monts Video was prolonged by some French ad•
venturers settled in that country, arid that the struggle was
drawing to a close. Thus, continued M. de Mackau, France
was on the point of reaping the fruit of the firm and enlight-
ened policy pursued by her during the last four years on the
banks of La Plata.
M. Mermillod, who followed, denied that the struggle was
maintained only by French adventurers, and added that the
moat respectable merchants of that nation had been the first to
give the signal of resistance and take arms to save the town
from an assault by the troops of the ferocious Rosas. The Ad-
miral commanding the French station had offered a refuge• to
17,000 Frenchmen on board the two or three vessels under hie
orders, on condition that they consented to lay down their arm*
and abandon their property ; but no efficacious protection, he
insisted, was afforded to French citizens in that quarter, and lie
concluded by entering a protest against the offensive exprosaione
used by the Minister towards the French residents at Monte
Video.

M. de Mackau again ascended the tribune, and repeated his
previous statements ; he contended that the Frenchmen whe
had taken arms, and thus renounced their quality of Frown
citizens, had forfeited all right to the protection of the French
flag ; but that all those who had taken no part in the civil wet
would be efficaciously protected. Admiral Massien had lately
concluded to that effect a treaty with General Oribe, wh°
pledged himself, in case be reduced Mobte Video, to respect
the persons and properties of the French who had not interfered
in the civil discords of the country.
M. Glais Bizoin here rose and said, thatsince Marshal Seba'
tiani had pronounced those words, " Order reigns at Warsaw,
he had not heard a more cruel expression than that used by the
Minister of Marine, in his exultation at the idea that the resist-
ance of Monte Video was drawing to a close. The voice of tho
speaker was here drowned by murmurs, and the rest of his
observations did not reach the gallery. When order was re' •
stored, the President put the paragraph under discussion to the
vote, and it was carried without any opposition.
The President then read the next paragraph—,
‘' We shall examine with care the measures necessary for
the execution of railroads and various other public works. We
hail with eagerness the assurance that the Bill which is to be
presented to us on secondary instruction will, by satisfying
the wishes of the Charter relative to the liberty of instruc-
tion, maintain the authority and influence of the State over
public education."

Two amendments to the latter part of the paragraph were
proposed,
The President having observed that it was necessary to
divide the paragraph into two parts, and discuss separately the:
passages relative to railroads and public instruction, M. Mere'
de Bord was called to the tribune. The Charnbar, however'
paid no attention to his speech, in which we understood him
to condemn the mode of construction of the railroads under the
law of June, 1842.
Al. de Larochejacquelin, who spoke next, denounced the
avidity of the eompanies, and recapitulated the enorrnons pro-
fits, realised by those of the Orleans, Rouen, and Paris
iroads, and that of Avignon to Marseilles.
A M. Lacave Laplagne, the Minister of Finance, terminated
the debate by observing that it was premature, and might be
attended with inconvenience.
The Chamber next proceeded to discuss the question of the
reedom of instruction.

CITY OF -WESTMINSTER ME-
CHANICS' INSTITUTION.
Dr. Hunter (of the Westminster Hospital School of Media
eine) gave last night a most lucid and interesting•
discourse °I3
the structure and functions of the human body. The con";
es
spicuous feature of the lecture was its illustration by means •
an anatomical model of the entire human subject. Till
enabled the Lecturer, as he referred to the several organs ".
digestion, respiration, circulation, and absorption, to detto,u
strate their precise situation, form, and relation to other Ps" ~i;
The description of the apparatus by which these processes %
carried on, was thus rendeted peculiarly impressive. 'As 11,
architecture and engineering, a substantial type of the orighl.,
such as a model presents, surpasses all other expedients
which an idea of complicated details can be imparted—s°
the animal mechanism, what would baffle the encil of the most
faithful limner to represent in diagram, is made as
(perhaps to the general observer more so) as the nice origins 4
"human in this beautiful " counterfeit presentment" of the
form divine." Nothing could surpass the breathless eagerse°,
of the audience 4o mark the removal of the successive laYt'br,
of muscle, disclosing the contents of the chest ; and its •
Doctor thought these severally into view he gave a descrl;
tion (divested of all technicality) of the masticatory organs, tlit,
gullet, stomach, liver, heart, and lungs; thus tracing the frail
from its pleasant stimulation of the nerves of taste, throug
its transformations in the animal laboratory, till it becomes 13_1,,,
of the textures of those vessels themselves, and of every subs
stance, of which, that " breathing world," a man, is complicated'
To show the beautiful mechanism of the gullet (or cesophaguo;
and that even fluids do not pass through it by mere weight;
gravitation, he instanced the mountebank's feat of " p°ur.
water up a hill " by drinking it while standing on Ills heads...
and therefore pouring up instead of down. The lecturer er _
•
planed the difference between the voluntary and in
or unconscious functions, and exemplified it by showing thatal,
the nutritive system the voluntary action ends with the 0111
t
lowing of the food, beautifully observing that here nature liSseber
her power, and takes the completion of the process into
own hands—for all beyond is automatic, and proceeds alibis.
without man's thought or volition. Dr. Hunter treatedr,_„,
subject in the reverential tone of a true teacher, and in uttering
his own deep admiration of the infinite wisdom,dis 1 p.ayed motto;
human structure, he evidently rendered every one Pre"
Lively participator in this ennobling emotion. voiunta
P •
--

dORTII _,A.IIIISETII _ "lIILANTIIROPIC iNsTiTuTlOlvi.
The seventh anniversary dinner of this Institution w" "tee t,
brated at Alr. Bryon's, the New Bell, York-street, Lar°-het..l
.
on Wednesday last, and was numerously and resPc.4ctably :le
tended. The Society, although less important than s';till
others of a similar nature, it being a district Society the if
'
from the spirited manner in which it is supported by the
tradesmen and others in the immediate neighbour-1100(1,2°cl the
great care with which the funds are disbursed, reflect'
greatest credit upon all those who have taken an active Pitrtoo
its management, and who interest themselves in carrYingsto
so laudable an object, which enables them to relieve the * 1,.
and distresses of their poor unfortunate fellow-creatures, ' jote.
from illness or want of employment, may have fallen into oucla
porary distress. By the assistance of this Society want 00
individuals have been rescued from utter destitution. Tues and
of between 300/. and 4004 has been received in donationn
di,.
subscriptions, and the greater part of this money ho be,r, foot'
bursed for the purpose of providing ,the distressed w" ieheK
and comfort. The surplus in hand will be applied to theon tos
of distressed and deserving objects. The companl „OW I
above interesting occasion separated highly delighted w!‘z tbe
good and philanthropic feeling displayed by all preselor the,
toasts and speeches manifested the anxiety felt by 01,, loptlf ..
•
welfare of the institution, and their satisfaction was stout;
proved by the compliments paid to the worthy hosts
~
I,s of
THE SECRET PASSION.—TIie tiumertiuS rea ore
•
works of imagination will, we have no doubt, letrn withi„leinal
•
than ordinary gratification that the author of thr,se truly.ord6The
productions, " Shakspeare and His Friends," asg,l_....ment
~.
Youth of Shakspeare," has prepared for tlybm an entertalnl the
of the most attractive kind, in a novel jeist published, flu,torY
title of " The Secret Passion ;" in which will be found
of very singular interest, varied in a raanner altogether
the novel reader, with the most striking delineation .eoiriga,,
important agents in the great drama, of life, the moral L„, with(
both under merely physical influences, and M co-opera"l7char...
the highest intellectual cultivation. This work rn,a,!_watt life,
acterised as a romantic and picturesque study from I
be
coloured wit h the glowing hues of passion and poetry, 3" public
culated, we think, to make a lasting impression on tiler
mind.
-11 LordsijiPt.
DEPARTURE OP LORD ELIOT. - - --iS ~, steallle- ;
sailed last night for England, in her Majesty ;d felt tl5
fn et
riots:
the Urgent. It would seem that the Noble Lo
os_,.,
much disgust at the continuance of the States nPrerry et'
flint, as he did at its commencement. Ile wa-, and
ht'
mouth absent last term, at the commencement,
~._ wiil
stow goes off for a month before the conclusion. fie he
have a pretty story to tell the Prime Aiinister,t.i.i_wiav,s
sees him. We are sorry he did not wait for 115` 1e...
omit a ,'.,"P05t..,,
comical proceedings. He might then roe
tertaining series of break-downs.--•-Dubiln ,EVel".l7 • •
Ttleadays