The Sun.
London, England, 1821-07-26 00:00:00

anxious to correct abuses in office, and to prevent
corruption in the Boroughs of which they are the
Patrons, as well as to obtain a rational Reform
in Parliament, they were using every exertion in

their power to perpetuate and increase the in-
fluence of the OLIGARCHY of the country, whose
sole object is at all times to obtain possession of
the Executive Government, that they may more
effectually controul the Monarch and the People.
We are induced to throw out these hints at the
Present moment, though we do not credit the
rumours to which we have alluded, and we think
it equally improbable that the recent extension
of the Knights of the Order of the Thistle was
determined upon without the knowledge of the
distinguished and disinterested individual at the
head of his MAJESTY'S Government.

We received this morning the Paris Journals
of Monday, and we have the satisfaction of in-
forming our Readers that the town of Smyrna
has not been burnt, as was reported in some of
the. Morning Papers. The greatest disorders,
however, prevail there, and such was the terror
excited by the insubordination of the Janissaries,
Ivho have massacred several of their Chiefs, that
all the Franks who were in the town have now
taken refuge on board the ships in the harbour.
We extract the following statement from the
Moniteur

" The Gabarre La Nantaise, commanded by
Couhitte, a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy,
-left Smyrna on the 17th of June, and arrived at
Toulon the 17th of July. At Milo, on her pas-
sage home, she was informed that a corvette, a
schooner, and another vessel, had sailed by that
island, proceeding to Smyrna, to reinforce the
trench squadron there, which was to be joined
b3' several more vessels before the end of last
month.

" When the Naidaise quitted Smyrna, the
Dacha had in vain endeavoured to maintain his
authority : the populace commanded ; they mas-
sacred the Greeks, and the utmost dread was en-
tertained that the news of the loss of the Turkish
line-of-battle ship, burnt by the Greeks on the
7th or Bth of Juno, near the Island of Mitylene,
and the crew of which had been put to death,
Would still further exasperate the populace; and
lead to the commission of greater excesses.
" It also appears, that the quarter inhabited
by the Franks, would have been burnt in the be-
ginning of June if it had not been for the firm-
ness. of M. David, the French Consul-General,
rd Captain Kergrist, the commander of the
conch squadron.
4
1,-. 0n their side tile chiefs of the Greek fleet,
e-1Y fitted out, at Hydra, Ipsera, and Specia,
an 4,,ve manifested the intention of going to Smyrna,
,", making themselves masters of the town.
t - The Franks, fearful they should be placed be-
twteen two fires, have abandoned this town, and
ca,hen refuge on board the ships of war and mer-
chant vessels in the roadstead, at the risk of suf-
fering all the inconveniences and misery conse-
(tient on the want of provisions and the means of
transport to other places.
cc
tbi Lvstep, and
the Consuls have been obliged to take
as ste,
and the following is an extract from
jPtain Kergrist's report, dated the 17th of
on
e The massacre of the Greeks continues;
hut
u
a pto the present moment the French are
es
I Pected at Smyrna, and all our countrymen
the
safe, thanks to the good order preserved by
aae, officers of the squadron in their armed boats,
siot4 tG the generous co-operation of the Engli,,h
me •
I al) Melina, Captain Hockings, who assisted
co in all these perilous circumstances. The
tisuls of every nation are on board ships in
the„riharbour and under my protection.'
aptain Delueil, commanding the French
Ajorette L' Arrzeg-e, cruizing on the coasts of the
t}iea and the Isle of Candia, has recently had
thei,atisfaction of receiving on board his ship
tale b„csreign Consuls from Patras, at the time of
C, Liro
rt, on long of that town.
',44dir: the 18th June Captain Couhitte, corn-
;",otit-"g the Arantaise, met at Ipsera and Chio
n'lies forty Greek vessels laden with fa-
-41 had fled from Ivalia, which
1-,4,tat „*",' had just burnt; and this Officer
''e of "` that a boat dispatched from the
4)ad 43
assa, .sso had brought word that the Turks
tk 'Ube ',striated all the Greek sailors at Rhodes."
Nl,:e Tistrian Observer contains accounts of
"feat of YPSILANTI and the Greeks in
avil
Inateriap` and Walachia, but they do not differ
Pahlisa from the accounts we have already
tate '" derived from other sources. A pri-
m ette,
.e /fen_ Says, that the courage with which
enes
a. still, fought the Ottoman troops, forms
-Aing
!Nuts contrast to the cowardice of the
rst 4. and Walachians, who fled at the
10401,1°' and dispersed. The Sacred Legion
th with
4,ey a bravery worthy a better fate;
.4nnered
is is a great loss, but it is not true
stated completely destroyed. YPSILANTI
%l a,
,still to maintain the position of Ko-
ti his ythich lie retired with the remnant
4t 'v s forces. Nothing positive was known the'lubl on the 12th inst. respecting the march
4'14 Russian troops towards the frontiers of
(4gt? ofand a ship which arrived at Trieste on
st the month, confirms the report of the
th rtiction of a Turkish line of battle ship by
eTC4I ret'ks near Mitylr-n
iNt leVa_drid Journals:Of the 19 announce
Nth `n KING set out the day before for the
4t)ha ef Sacedon. The Spanish Provinces are
itllivvtil;_ntl.,v quiet, and MERINO has been so ac-
_ Pursued, that with difficulty he succeeded
14);'!caping and embarking a
.4tsca
Y, on board a small at the port of Ilea,
vessel which sailed

immediately for France. lie is daily expected
at Bayonne. Spanish Papers, up to the 15th,
have been received at Paris ; but they do nut
contain any news of importance.

Intelligence from Constantinople, up to the
2-4th of June, has been this day received, which
paints the state of affairs i❑ the Ottoman capital
in the most gloomy colours. The destruction of
the. Turkish fleet by the Greeks had still fur-
ther exasperated the Sultan and the people; the
houses of the Greeks were given up to pillage,
and the Jews acted as spies and guides.; and the
women and children were assassinated or made
slaves. The Greeks, natives of the Morea, were
the first delivered over to the fury of the popu-
lace; they were all massacred, with the excep-
tion of about 300, who were sold for between 20
and 25, piastres on condition that the purchasers
should transport them into Asia. The Alba-
n►ans had so enraged the people, that several rich
Turks went to the slave-market, and each pur-
chased a Greek for 25 piastres, that they might
have the pleasure of killing them. One hundred
and fifty Greek virgins, whose parents had been
previously assassinated, and who were sprung
from the first Greek families (among them were
two Princesses MoRUSI and one Princess MAuno-
JENE, niece of the Ottoman Charge d'Affaires at
Vienna, who has just been recalled,) were aban-
doned to the, brutality and lust of the Turks in
the open bazar, and the greater number fell vic-
tims to this atrocious treatment. Ildron STno-
GONOFF is said to be a close prisoner at
Bayukdere, and not allowed to send or receive
any letters. He succeeded in embarking his fa-
mily for Odessa, but they were insulted by
the populace as they were embarking, and
several guns were fired at the ship. A few Greek
families have also effected their escape.

Spanish Papers to the 13th July arrived this
morning, which contain the following

Bence
" CADIZ, JULY 4.—Letters have been received
from Lima to the 12th of February, and all con-
firm the statement of the inexpressible enthusiasm
which animates the people and the army since
the valiant Luserna assumed the command. They
do not mention the defeat of the rebels spoken
of in the letters from Corunna and Gibraltar.
We have received among other accounts from
America, intelligence from Mexico of the 15th
of March, with a proclamation of the Vice Roy
of the 14th of the same month, to the faithful in-
habitants of that city, on the discomfiture of the
project of Iturbide, who is stated to have placed
himself under the protection of the insurgent
Guerrero.
" MEXICO, MARCH 21.—The traitor Iturbide
had scarcely heard that the vanguard of the
loyal Spaniards under the command of Colopel
Marquez Donallo had entered Cuernavaca, when
he raised his camp at Iquala and marched to join
the factious Guerrero, who is in the Sierra, and
to whose custody he committed his plunder.
The desertion continues and is considerable.
Yesterday 300 men of the regiments of Mercia
Tres-Villas and Celaya entered this city, having
left that Rebel, an evident proof of the disquiet
with which they follow him, in spite of the good
pay and allurement of promotion.—We do not
know whether the Prueba and Veuganza frigates'
which arrived at Acapulco mad themselves
masters of the Castle. The Corps of troops
which we have in the neighbourhood is not less
than 9 or 10,000 men, ready to proceed any
where they may be necessary. We have just
learned that our vanguard has entered Aguala.
" Powro BELLO, APRIL 25.—We have news
from Lima in fifty days, by way of Guayaquil,
which are not bad. It seems that San Martin
had retrograded from his positions and sought to
avoid any formal attack or general battle. He
however had lost 400 men in one action. His
army suffers from the vermin (bicho) and scurvy;
he is in want of resources, and especially of money,
and all the assistance which Torretagle de Valles I
has been able to send him is 100,000 piastres.
The Sub-Inspector of Lima has been displaced
as well as Pezuela.

" MADRID, JULY 12.—Our Papers contain
very long extracts from accounts from Vera
Cruz, from the 26th of March to the 23d of
April. The general result of the statement is,
that the insurrection continues to make consi-
derable progress. The following are some of
the principal particulars, under their respective
dates :

" MArtcH 28.—Letters have been received to-
day from Jalapa, of the 26th, announcing that
68 Dragoons, Lieutenants and Ensigns, and eight
or 10 Serjeants, who had hitherto remained faith-
ful, had joined the rebels; that Atlexco, Izucar,
and other Places of the Intendeveia of Puebla,
had declared for independence; that Linan had
retired to Mexico after a conference with
Iturbide, and some add, after an action, in which
the former lost 600 men.

" Arai r.l.—Lautu Aua, or Orizaba, capitulated
on the 23d, and it was thought that Orizaba had
surrendered to Herrera, who had 400 foot, and
600 horse.

" APRIL 3.—Cordoba surrendered to the Inde-
)endents, on the Ist. The whole province of
'uebla, except the capital, has joined them."

The French telegraphic account of the de-
struction of Smyrna by the Turks, and the
other atrocities perpetrated by them, have increas-
ed the universal feeling of abhorrence and indig-
nation against those barbarians, to a degree of
intensity which is almost intolerable. It is impos-
sible, in reading the details of their bloody
proceedings, not to feel that impatience which
arises from strong and painful sympathy with
the suffering Christians subjected to their bru-
tality and violence, .and from the ardent de-
sire to protect the oppressed, and to hurl ven-
geance upon the heads of the barbarian op-
pressors, which not even the consciousness of in-
dividual weakness can restrain, without an effort
almost agonizing. If the Greeks, who are doom-
ed to the actual endurance of so many wrongs
and calamities, are stung with but an equal sense
of abhorrence and resentment to that which is
agitating the rest of Europe in their behalf, it
will require gigantic power indeed to extinguish

the spirit of resistance, and to paralyze the efforts
for emancipation which have so mobly burst forth
in their desolated and unhappy country. A feeling
is aroused in England, and a spirit is awaken-
ing, which cannot fail to be highly bene-
ficial to their cause, if they are but true to
themselves, until the influence of public opinion
in England shall have had time to develop itself
in action. That opinion, in the mean time,
should be manifested in every possible way,—by
the press—by public imetings—by petitions to
the Legislature when it re-assembles—by ad-
dresses to the Executive Government—and, we
would fain hope, and we humbly suggest, by
the contribution of pecuniary aid from the British
nation, raised by voluntary subscription. Let us,
at this period of urgent demand upon our best
feelings, sympathies, and principles, as men, as
Britons, and as Christians, for a moment forget
our domestic dissensions, and lose our petty
party animosities, with which we have too long
disgraced ourselves, in one combined and gene-
rous effort worthy of our real character and great-
ness. In addition to every consideration of what
is due to the cause of outraged humanity, what
advantages even may we not expect to derive
from the gratitude of the Greeks, from their de-
votion to their best benefactors, when they shall
see the English press advocating their emancipa-
tion from the despotic dominion of a power,
whose perfidy and "ferocity are a disgrace to hu-
man nature, and when they shall see the British
nation steppinr, nobly forward to aid them in the
mighty effort of throwing off the iron yoke to
which they have so long been subjected. Nor
must it be supposed, notwithstanding the debase-
ment of the national character which the baleful
influence of their tyrants has effected, that the
Greeks are so fatally demoralized, or that their
intellectual energies are so totally subdued, as
to have rendered them incapable of feeling
the great moral influence which the friendly aid
of the British nation would exert, or of entering
upon a course of glory and improvement worthy
of their country and their name. Mr. ETON,
who resided a long time in Turkey as a Consul,
who was concerned besides in mercantile affairs,
who thoroughly understood the language, who
as a traveller had visited most parts of the Em-
pire, and who possessed the best opportunities
of observation, as well as of public and pri-
vate information, says of the Greeks, in his
" Survey of the Turkish Empire, 3d edition,
1801," that cc it is rather astonishing that they
have retained so much energy of charac-
ter, and are not more abased ; for like noble
coursers they champ the bit, 'and spurn indig-
nantly the yoke."—" When we view the Greeks
in their more comprehensive character as a na-
tion, their superiority over the Turks in know-
ledge is surprisingly great ; they possess a great
degree of genius and invention, and are of so
lively an imagination, that they cannot tell the
same story twice without varying the embellish-
ments of circumstance and (fiction. ** * No
people are such natural orators. * * * All have
an activity and sprightliness which strongly con-
trasts with the stupid and pompous gravity of
the Turks. An European feels himself as it
were at home with them, and amongst creatures
of his own species. * * * The more intimately
he knows the Greeks, the more similar does he
find them in habits and manners to other Euro-
peans. * * * In general they are an agreeable
and a serviceable people, but they are much given
to levity, are immoderately ambitious, and fond of
honourable distinctions ; but this very ambition,
now a weakness, when they have nobler objects to
pursue, will lead them to greatness. * * * They
bear the Turkish yoke with greater impatience
than other Christians. * * * Their ancient em-
pire is fresh in their memory ; it is the subject
of their popular songs, and they speak of it in
common conversation as of a recent event."—
What should render the English press the more
active in behalf of this interesting people, is the
injurious influence produced by the censorship
in France, and by the distortion of every fact
relating to the actual condition and progress of
the Greeks, in the various media through which
the different accounts respecting them have to
pass.

It is very natural, or at least it may be very
politic, in the present financial circumstances
lof France, that every effort should be made by
1
that Government, through the medium of a
restricted press, to induce the world to dis-
credit the actual state of the . relations be-
tween Russia and the Porte, and the pro-
bability of hostilities between them. If the
press in France were free, and not under
the controul of the Public Censor) of which
Iwe have had recent evidence in the case
of " The Constitutional," which was not allowed
to publish the private intelligence it had received
from Turkey, there can be little doubt that it
would be powerfully excited in favour of the
Greeks. The conduct of the French Govern-
ment has been altogether• with a view to the
new loan, which they are obliged to negociate,
and which compels them to resort to every arti-
fice to keep up the present price of the French
Funds. For this purpose, every effort has been
made to disguise the actual state of Europe, in
order that they may with the greater facility in-
duce the credulous people of the Barrisu ME-

TROPOLIS tO venture on this SECOND FRENCH

- -
LOAN, which, it is now understood, can wily be
raised in London. In alluding to this circum-

stance, it is far from being our wish to depress
that fair spirit of enterprise which the monied
interest have shewn in their engagements
with foreign Powers ; but oar object, next to

accounting for the present policy of France re-
specting the Greeks, is to prevent INDIVIDUAL

and LIMITED speculations in. the FOREIGN funds,
which we know have entailed on many persons
in private life residing in this country great diffi-
culties and severe loss. The great commercial

louses may indulge in these foreign affections till

hey become weary of them ; but the mass of

he people of the UNITED- KINGDOM should pre-
fer the securities of the British Funds, or of
;heir own reciprocal conveniences. The decrease

of private confidence, and of loans to private in-
dividuals, is a national evil, the magnitude and
injurious consequences of which cannot well be

estimated. Thejare felt and acknowledged every

where. The redundant capital of the country should
be employed AT HOME, or in drawing forth
the rich capabilities of our invaluable colonies.
We possess an unemployed capital, which, if
put-in activity, would create .employment in all
branches of trade, stimulate industry in every
class, and give energy, spirit, and feeling, -to the
increasing population of the country, which, on
the other hand, by the withdrawing of the capi-
tal, or, by its inactivity, must 'be depressed. It
is surely unnecessary to enlarge upon this point.
Every honest national mind must feel it. For
the future the common cry ought to be " Doman,
duke domuin .1"

The Cortes of Portugal have again increased
the IMPORT duties on British goods to 30/. pet
cent., notwithstanding all our sacrifices in their
favour; and as Mr. MARRYATT has justly ob-
served, so have all the Members of the Holy
Alliance !—What say our theoretical advocates
of a free trade, to such facts as these