The Sun.
London, England, 1826-12-29 00:00:00

thing to do but to display their standard to the Spaniards,
to induce them to come and rally round it. The error of
the latter party is obvious. If it dared to raise its banner
in Lisbon it would experience, even in Portugal, such re-
sistance, ;hat, before it could reach the frontiers of Spain,
it would be completely crushed.
But I will suppose, on the contrary, that it might be
victorious at first.' In that case it would soon find the
whole of Europe armed against it, and vainly would it call
for the aid of our faithful ally, who would then withdraw
itself from us. From these considerations, I could not see
that aey other 'course could be pursued than that Which I
have pursued.
Convinced, after my-arrival at Madrid, that I could not
obtain either the recognition of-the Regency of the Prin-
cess, nor the punishment of the Commanders who openly
protected our deserters, nor the expulsion of the Viscount
de Canellas, I resolved on declaring to Don Manual Sa-
lenon, that which follows .
"'That if the court of Madrid finally refused, to recognize 'our
present Government, end would not satisfy our demands with re-
spect to the refugees, I would withdraw myself immediately, and
that then Portugal would feel itself* liberty to have recourse to
every, means which might apr,suiiable to her defence."
I pressed the Foreign lqinisters to support my declara-
tion, tho Ugh they had not yet received formal instructions
on that subject, in order to obtain, at least, the sending
back of the arms of the refugees, and of contributing in
this way to 'the maintenance of peace in the Peninsula.
The French Ambassador soon received, by a courier
extraordinary, an answer to the difficulties raised by the
Court of Madrid, as to the legitimacy of the Regency of
the Infanta—an answer, which afforded a new proof that
his Most Christian Majesty recognized our present Go-
versunint. Some few days before, the Russian Ambas-
sador had notified the same recognition on the part of his
august Sovereign, and the Prussian Minister did not fail
to make a similar declaration. But nothing could shake
the resolution of the Spanish Government.
While I was occupied with these affairs, I received exact
information of the plan long since (timed by the rebels,
by those men who, in the name of Jegitimacy, and of that
of the ancient laws of the .Kingdom, manifested their per-
fidious views, which went to impose. upon us a foreign
Sovereign. lam almost certain, that the form of the oath
which they have taken, was sent to Madrid to the Count
de Canellas. But, let us leave conjectures, to state facts.
I addressed myself anew to the Foreign Ministers; but
I remarked in their speeches, a constant reserve with re-
spect to the predominating party in Spain, and regret on
account of the' absence of positive instructions.
I then determined to send couriers to Lisbon and Paris,.
verbally declaring to each of the above-named Ambassa-
dors, that if any disturbance should occur in Portugal, the
blame would not rest on my Government nor on me, and
throwing on them the responsibility for what might hap-
pen through their not having used the necessary diligence.
They promised me to refer the subject again to their re-
spective Courts, but there was one among them, who ex-
plained to me all the evils which Spain had to dread front
the vicinity of our revolutionists, and even complained of
the reception which had been given to Spanish deserters.
I then addressed myself to the English Minister, who
refused to attend the Levee, on the Ist of October,
alleging as the reason for it, the uncertainty in which he
remained with respect to the disarming of our refugees.
This resolution produced its effect. Don Manuel Salmon
signified to me on the 3d, that his most
.Catholic Majesty
had given orders to send back their arms, and directed
Viscount de Canellas, to leave Madrid in three days and
Spain in a month. In consequence of this, I did not
demand my passports, and our Government suspended its
defensive preparations against the aggression with which
it was menaced.
But who would have been able to believe, that while
we reposed on the promises of the Spanish Government,
that Government persevered in its secret machinations.
The proof of this became soon notorious by the revolt of
the Marquis de Chaves, and the insurrection of the regi-
ments of the Algarve*.
It was, nevertheless, at this epoch, even; that the Ca-
binet of Madrid assured me that orders sad, been given
to the Count de Casa Flores, its Aral 4 tikett,our Qum,
to come to an understanding with tits itstste, for
reign Affairs, to arrange the 'sending tfie arms:
interval, there tirrieed to marry MitillitCll, Una
especially to the Ambassador of France, positive instruc-
tions to urge the Spanish Government to make the
promised,. restitutions. The French Government, which,
throughout this affair has acted With the frankness and
honour worthy of the great Sovereign at its head, and the
high character of the personages who compose his Ad-
ministration, not content with sending these instructions,
pressed the same Councils on the Cabinet of Madrid,
through the medium of the Duke de Villa Hermosa.
However, nosiest` the promises of the Spanish Ministers
were realised. Can it be doubted, that the Commanders
on the frontiers had secret orders ? It has been stated to
me that these had been given by Don Taddeo Calomarde.
All that I know is, that this Minister shelved himself very
much opposed to our new institutions.
Mr. Lamb, the English Minister, strongly supported my
demands, and did not conceal the fact, that he should be
obliged to quit Madrid if justice were not speedily done.
We were in this situation when the Princess Regent,
in her speech on the opening of the Chambers, announced
thatlier August Brother Don Miguel, had taken his pure
and simple oath to the Chatter. 1 instantly made this the
basis of new representations; but Don Manuel Salmon re-
peated as heretofore, that the Government of his most
Catholic Majesty found it necessary to consult with its
Allies.

Could you imagine, Noble Lords, that they could hold
in doubt the reality of taking of the oath by the Infant
Don Miguel.? It is, however, but too certain, that many
persons of high rank refused to give credit to it at the
Court of Madrid, under the pretence that the Spanish
Ambassador at the Court of Vienna had not mentioned it
in his dispatches.
I addressed myself, in writing, to the Ambassadors of
France and Austria. At the moment (Nov. 10), when I
Caused my note to be transmitted to the former, he re-
ceived a despatch from Paris, in which he found a copy of
the declaration which the Baron de Damns had made to
the Spanish Ambassador. In his answer of the next day,
the 11th, he wrote to me that the solution of these difficul-
ties did not belong to him, and that he was about to refer
the whole subject to his Court. The Austrian Ambas-
sador replied to me, that he had received no instructions,
and that no fresh proceeding was necessary for the recog-
nition of our Government.

I endeavoured to draw verbal explanations from the Foreign
Ministers. But far from adopting the considerations that
I sought to give effect to, they answered, that as the
Portuguese Government refused to rely on the promises of
Spain, they could not abstain from considering it (Portu-
gal) as the aggressor.
I heard that the Court of Madrid had been officially in-
structed as to the betrothal of the Infant Don Miguel.
availed myself of this fact, to demand a categorical answer;
it was still evasive, and I resolved to depart. I knew po-
sitively that the Minister of England continued to take
the same steps I had taken.
The rebels invaded our territory on the 23d November;
the Madrid Cabinet was informed otrthe 26th; and it was,
then only that it declared the Portuguese deserters should
not be admitted into Spain.
The invasion of Portugal is an offence towards France and'
Englund; towards the former, because undertaken in pre-
""" of a.Vrenelarmy and towards-the latter, because it
is in manifest contempt of its counsels and its menaces. As
the Spanish Government did not find itself strong enough
to disarin the Portuguese deserters, why did it not call to
s aid It not for me to judge how
fart the
tlll:oereri;ennek troops
ssatiors had fulfilled their respective
i
missions ; but I cannot help observing, that their silence, in
some cases, and their observations in others, have produced
most unfavourable consequences.
At all events, our Government has done what it ought.
It. will not be deceived in the mifidence which it has pla-
ced in the faithful friends of Portugal and the Allied