The Sun.
London, England, 1817-08-07 00:00:00

Barons, &c., and ordered - that the charter of
.King, John sheath' he read presence
that -accordingly he did so, when theY..sWore to
observe and obey the laws and Constitution of
England,"•l2.•Henry Ith Claus. M. 8;
Sir John Dills, page 87, infOrms us, thet Ed,
ward I.- "Ahl transmit the Stanites of- Ertglaird
to 'lreland in this I`rnr—Dommus rex. mandavit
bre,e -strum, in lime verba,• Edwardos• die gratia,
rex Anglix (tontines Hinetnia!, &c. Conellario sun
Flibernim seluteio.- Then.%atiter stating them, he
says,—Qua- la dicta feria noSti.a act
comrnunem utilitotem poputi term;
ohservari Voleous," Sir John ALSO tells us, " that
Rich. -11: made two Royal Journies to Ireland, to -
promote- its reformation,w,en he receive(' Wei
sebmissions of all- the Irish Lords and Captains,
who bound themselves, both by-indentor 'and
oath, to become and continue his loyal seltjects,•
and that he took special care to supply and•fur-
nisli„the Courts of.justice with able-and sea ient
Judges ;" but he obServes, " that all his 40e4
purposes ,and projects were defeated,. by his sud-
den departure from Ireland, and his deposition
from the Throne of Eogland.", After this, and
in coosequence of the factions of the lieuses of
York and Lancaster, " the old English coloniel,
in Monster, Connaught, and mote than a third
ut Leinster becaMe degenerated, and fell away
from the Crown of England, !so as ooly the four•
shires of the English pale renr.tined. under the do-
minion of the English law."
The English la-es coidd not be enfor--ed in any
part of Ireland which was not previously con-
quered anti kept in obedience by- tie sword, And
'therefore Sir John Davis truly observes, page 8,
" for though the Prince (loth bear lie title of
Sovereign Lord of an entire country (as the
King's •did of alrlrelatol), yet if there he two..
thirds of that country wherein he cannot punish
treasons, murders, or thefts, unless he send 'au
army to do it •; if the jut isdierion of his ordim-ry
courts (loth not•extend hit° these parts to protect
the people from wrong and' oppression ; if he
have no certain revenue,•Oo'escheats of forfeittires
out of the same, I cannot justly tEfy that such a
country is wholly conquered." •
Large tracts of land, forfeited by the native
aboriginal lrisb, for rising in :rebellion., were•
granted. to the English colonists, who had to
eheirt by the sword. This kept them in
constant stare of hostility, and created in the for-
meean envenomed hatred towards the latter, whont
they regarded as ambitious conquerors, intruders
and usurpers. This deep-rooted animosity was
very much heightened and increased -by religions
antipathy, on the introduction of the Reforma-
tion. Sir Jolla Davis observes; that tie native
Irish, taking advantage of the weakness of Eng-
land, occasioned by the factions of the houses of•
York and Lancaster, endeavoured to abolish the-
British Laws and to expel the English colonists;
" for -in, that miserable time, the Irish foetid
opportunity, —without opposition, to banish
Law and -Goverrynent out of all the Pro-
•vinces, and •to 'confine it only to the Lag--
lish pale." (3) Finglass, Chief Baron of the--
Exchequer in the 'reign of Henry VIII. observes
in his tract on the state of Ireland, " That the
English -statutes passed in Ireland are not observ-
ed eight days after !raising them, whereas titosw
laws and statutes made by the Irish on their hills;
they keep firm and stable, without breaking them
for any favour or reward." Previous to the in
troduction of the Reformation into Ireland, the
Lords' awl Chieftains of English blood maintain-
ed social order, and supported the British Go--
vernment, within the pale, -against the native
-Irish, who were regarded as aliens and ene-
mies. • The pale consisted of a few Col' ies.
round Dublin, in the Province of Leinster.
The mildness of the Irkh Government in the
reign, of .Henry..Vlll, was so cmiciiiatory, that
Sir John Davis tells US, pale 165; "•4111. the
Irish Lords did acknowledge 'Henry Viii. to be
their SUvereign Lord and King, and desired to be
accepted of tutu as subjects.", " They confessed
the King's supremacy in all causes, and did utterly
renounce the Pope's jurisdiction, and this was
done not only by the mere Irish, but the chiefs
of the degenerate English did tie saute." There
cannot be a doubt, that the RLO•ormation would
have been established in Ireland at that time, had
not the gross ignorance of the natives, the blind
zeal and furious bigotry of the Popish Clergy,
raised insuperable obstacles to it The Titular
Primate Crosser, and the Irish Prelates, solicited
and obtained from Pope Paul HI., a bull to pre-
vent the growth of heresy, and his Holiness sent
them one of so inflannnatory a tendency, that k
kindled a dreadinl Rebellion, in which O'Neil, the
Northern Chieftain, declared himself the Pope's
champion. From this time, the Popish supersti-
tion begat) to form a bond of -union, and it com-
munity of interest, between the aboriginal Irish,
and those of English blood,' or as they • were
called the Lords of the Pale.

CRANMER.

(1) Übi leges ab,omnibus gratanter recipim et ju-
ratoria cautione Lestita contirmatte.
(2) In the rebellion of 1641, 1689, and 1798, they endea-
voured to do the same; but in thee, their vengeance was di-
;Toted solely against Protestants, which was occasioned by re-
ligious antipathy.
(3) It is not less singular than true, that the mass of the
Irish Papists at this time manifest as strong an, aversion to
the laws, and oppose the execution of them, ,but in a diffe-
rent manner; for they never fail to assassinate any liersOrt
who takes an active part in the administration of criminal
justice. It is thus stated in that highly respectable record,
the Report of the Secret Committee of the House of Com-
mons, page 4, " It became nearly impossible to bring of-
fenders to justice, from the inevitable destruction that await-
ed the witnesses or jurors that dared to perform their duty."
The frequent assassination of magistrates and witnesses,
which has taken place for many years, shews that this is the
result of ati organized system.
[To be continued.)