The Sun.
London, England, 1826-12-26 00:00:00

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1 1141 e :1;-..-e..i i:lit ..,.,`.....:04.1..tn0t.':

LONDON,
TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 26, 1826

We have not received any papers of a later date
from Paris than those to which we alluded in our
paper of yesterday; but we have inserted in a preced-
ing column an interesting article from Madrid, dated
the 12th inst. taken from the Quotidienne, by which
we are given to understand that the state of the Spanish
army has lately been considerably improved, and that
the intentions of the Government are to have :a corps
of 10,000 men on the frontiers of Portugal, 3,000 of
whom are to be of the Royal guard. The Etoile '
classed this statement under its head of Lies of the
Day, but unless the whole policy of the Court of Ma-
drid should be at once changed by the decided charac-
ter of the measures of . Great Britain, we sec no
reason to question the probability of this report. In-
deed we have observed that the news of the Quotidienne
from the Peninsula has been generally correct since
the occurrences in that quarter have become important.
We have also inserted an article from the Courier
Francais, on the present state of embarrassment in
which the French Ministry find themselves. We must
confess that our hopes and our expectations are much
at variance with regard to the probable conduct of these
Ministers.

We received at a late hour last night the Allge-
meine Zeitung, of the 19th instant, in which we find
•
ttothing worth extracting, except the following article
from Corfu, taken from the Diario di Roma of the
9th December, which confirms the account of the
death of GoURA, in the citadel of Athens, occasion-
ed by a bomb-shell during the unsuccessful attack
made by the Turks on the 18th October last.
(ay AN EXTRAORDINARY CHANNEL.)
" CORFU, Nov. 16.—The action at Athens, on the 18th Oc-
tober last, in which the celebrated Goura, Governor of the place,
Was killed by a bomb, admits of no doubt. The attack began on
tht part of the Turks, who attempted to make themselves masters
of the citadel, but having met with a brave resistance, were ob-
liged to retire. Profiting by this advantage, the Governor made
a sally from the citadel to charge the enemy. Thence tke action
Was renewed in the city, and• in this Goura was killed. Notwith-
standing this circumstance, the combat continued, and the Turks
being threatened by a Greek corps without the city, were forced
to withdraw to the distance of three leagues beyond Athens, to se-
cure a position suitable for the defence of the rest of their army.
" Dunchio Botzaris, eon of the late Greek General of that
name, has arrived in this city, he will go in the spring to Ba-
varia.

" The Greek vessels which sailed from Spenia to follow pi-
racy, contrary to the orders of their own Government, have re-
turned to Port. The cases of piracy are become less frequent in
consequence of the 'vigilance of several squadrons which cruise
in the Archipelago, in protecting and convoying the merchant
yeses's.

" VigNNA, Disc. 14.--liffetalliques, 901—Bank Shares, 1115.

/Hamburg') papers of the 20th instant
.have been re-
`calved this morning. Under the head of St. Peters-
. burgh it appears that Prince IVIrNziKoFF had arrived
there on the Ist, from Tiflis, no doubt to put the
Government in full possession of all matters private as
well as public, relative to the Persian war. 'We regret
to perceive that a dreadful murder had been perpetrated
in St. Petersburgh on a foreign merchant of respecta-
bility, named H
OPPE, and probably an Englishman.
Count ARAKTSCIIEJIMT who had been sent on his
travels, is about to return to Russia, but not to take
the command of the military colonies. It appears
that a duel had lately taken place in the capital between
a cornet and a major of hussars, in which the major
Was killed. A court-martial sentenced the survivor to
be deprived of his nobility, and banished to Siberia.
The proper severity of this sentence the Emperor
mitigated by annulling the banishment, but the
cornet is degraded to serve as a private soldier.
Were officers in the army generally subjected to
such degradation it would tend very much to correct
the absurd propensity of having recourse to duelling
on every petty occasion of wounded honour or offend-
ed sensibility, In fact, if it were made a rule of ser-
vice that none but cowards send challenges, it would
eventually put down a practice as irreconcilcable with
common sense as it is subversive of morality, and con-
trary to the laws of God and man. Setting aside its
iniquity, duelling must always be unjust to one of
'the parties—the aggressor standing the same chance
'as the aggrieved,—and but few causes can arise
Where the sacrifice of human life—even though always
that of the aggressor, would be considered by dis-
Peesionate minds as a justifiable atonement. Cowards
at heart, will still be cowards, notwithstanding
the
mock-heroic eclat attendant upon the busy no-
toriety of having sent a blustering challenge. The
"ward endeavours to maintain a brave reputation at

the expence'of truth, while he outrages propriety by hie
ridiculous bravado. True courage despises, the affec-
tation of bravery—cowardice alone—
" Affects a virtue which it flares not feel."
We subjoin a few extracts :

PETERSBURGD, DEC. 6.
In the conviction that nothing is more advantageous to
the security of the state, and the prosperity of its inhabi-
tants, than a well-regulated administration of justice, his
Majesty has constantly, directed his attention to this most.
important subject. His Majesty has convinced himself of
the activity of all the sections of the lately formed Com-
mittee for drawing up new codes, and the Privy Counsellor
and Senator, Polelika, lately our ambassador to the United
States of America, received by his Majesty's command
the inspection of all the civil authorities in the Govern-
ment of St. Petersburgh. Senator Buranow has received
a similar commission in the Government of Novogorod.
They are both especially enjoined to pay attention to the
administration of justice in the two Governments.
General Kutosow has resigned his office as Director-
General of all the Military Schools in the empire, and is
succeeded by General Denridow.

It is said that General Count Araktachejeff will shortly
return from his travels, but not resume the command of
the Military Colonies.
Prince Mcnzikoff, arrived here on the Ist, from Tiflis.
In the night of the 25th, a dreadful murder was committed on
a foreign merchant of the name of Hoppe, who has been establish-
ed here many years, the perpetrators are not yet discovered.
The navigation is still open, the weather is damp and mild.
Dec. 9.—General Benekendorff is gone to the army in Georgia,
with a Commission from the Emperor, and passed through Wuron-
ash on the 29th of last month.
The Sd and last division of the Guards that went to Moscow
to etterid. the Coronation, returned to this city. His Majesty in an
order add reeved to the Grand Duke Michael, as Commander-in-Chief
of the Guards, expresses his entire satisfaction with the excellent
discipline of the corps, both at Moscow and on their march back.
A duel lately took place between a Cornetand a Major of Hus-
sars, in which the latter was killed. 'A court-martial sentenced
him to lose his nobility and to be banished to Siberia His Ma-
jesty considering his youth, has excused from the second part
of the punishment, but with respect to !..!.0 first, ordered him to
be placed, without the restoration of his nobility, as a private sol-
dier in the separate corps in Caucasia.
The Government has lately had several Cossack villages found-
ed on various Steppes of the Caucasus from the Springs of the
Podkunika .to the source of the Buban. These new settlements
seem likely to prosper.

COPENHAGEN, DEC. 16.
The Commercial Gazelle states, that the chip Fortuna, of
Apeurade, which sailed on the 24 February from Gibraltar for
Buenos Ayree, knowing nothing of the blockade, was obliged to
put into Maldonado on the 27th May, but that on the 11th of
June it was taken by force from that harboer by the Brazilian
fleet, and carried into Monte Video, and on the 29th August to
Rio de Janeiro, to,say nothing of the iii treatment experienced by
the crew.

corritsayis, mtc. 3.
The number of students has rather increased thin half year,
386 left us at the close of the last, and 394 new ones came. The
whole number is 1460, of whom one-half are foreigners : 352
study Divinity, 652 Jurisprudence, 284 Medicine, 172 Philo-
sophy.

IXCNANOIL ON LONDON.
HAMMURCIII, Disc. 15.--36. 7; two months, 36. 4.
Dim. 19.-36. 2.1 r ; two months, 35. 11
Pirrinenuarm, DEc. 3.-9. 13-16.
liznrarr, Dic. 16.—Three months, 6. 27i.
VIENNA, Dim 9.—Two months, 10. 2.

The proceedings which the French Ministers may
adopt towards M. de MOU3TIER will be the best cri-

terion of the sincerity of their declarations with regard
to the conduct of Spiiin. This Ambassador has either
obeyed his instructions, or been guilty of treachery to-
wards the Government which he represented. If he
acted according to his instructions he has been sa-
crificed by the Ministry, to avert the consequences
which an admission of the orders given to him would
have letl to4...and in • that vase obably see
that he will be- personally indemnified by some other
honourable and lUcrative employment to keep him
silent. But if he really deviated from the line of con •
duct marked out for him by his instructions, then it is
but reasonable to suppose that the French Government
will not be content with merely recalling him from his mis-
sion, but will follow up his recal with some strong proceed-
ings against him, with the view of inflicting such
punishment or disgrace as his breach of duty may
render expedient. It is, then, by the test of their con-
duct toward M. de MOUSTIER, that the real inten-
tions and views of the Ministers of France must be
judged ; and, we must say, that at present there do,not
appear. to be any indications:of a very angry feeling to-
wards him. Ilad his conduct been deemed by the
Ministers as atrocious as it would deserve to be con-
sidered, if he really violated the trust reposed in him,
and acted in opposition to the policy which his country
had determined to pursue, some decided measures
would have been taken immediately upon his arrival
in Paris, A commission of inquiry, or some such
means, at all events, would have been instantly appointed,
to ascertain the extent to which his perfidy or his in-
trigue had led him to deviate from his instructions
but we hear of nothing of the kind ; and with profes-
sions of honest and sincere feelings, in their mouths, the
French Ministers, by their omission of such prompt pro-
ceedings, subject themselves to the suspicion that their
wishes, and even perhaps secret directions, have been and
are at variance with their words. Let them fairly bring for-
ward and substantiate charges against M. de MOUSTlxii.
Let them produce every instruction, secret as well as
other, which was given
.to him while at. Madrid, and
then, and not till then, shall we believe that their re-
presentative could have acted so diametrically, opposite to
the avowed policy of France, as the published documents
would prove that he did ; and then, and not till then,
shall we believe that France has been guiltless of insti-
gating the Court of ' Madrid to at) aggression as un-
principled as any which the history of modern nations
can produce,—not even her own invasion of Spain
excepted.

The Jamaica Papers of the 25th October, state that
several warm debates had taken place in the Colonial
Legislature upon the proposition► of Ministers for the
amelioration of the condition of the Slaves.

No despatches from Lisbon had reached town up
to the time at which we went to press this afternoon.
The wind is directly against any tresel coming home,
but many hours cannot, we think, elapse before some
communication is received. Reports from Bordeaux
strengthen
our apprehension that Oporto had fallen
into the bands of the loyalists about the 15th of this
month.

The malicious operation of that nondescript--the
law of Libel, upon the liberty of the Press is not more
to be lamented by the well-wishers of free discussion
and liberal sentiment, than the " law's delay „affects
the interests of a great portion of the public in other
Courts. The unfortunate illness of the LORD
worldly
CHANCELLOR is severely felt by those suitors whose
doom depends upon his Lordship's judicial
udgment. It is well known that many of these

' suitors have been in Court for several years,
partly from the complexity of their causes, and
partly from the moral impossibility of all their
cases being disposed of, . even by a man of
Lord ELDON's unwearied assiduity, and unexampled
learned aeuteness—and we cannot hope for Judges of
his eminent talents, but once in a century.—
Now, suppose that his Lordship, from bodily health,
should find it necessary to retire from his high situation,
leaving all the causes 'part-heard—waiting for judg-
ment and so forth—tmdisposed of, what would the poor
suitors do' ? Their cases would all require to be discussed
de novo before the next Chancellor—and what expehcs,
vexation, and further delay would thus be incurred !
God forbid that such a juncture should arise, but the
supposition is not the less probable, because the lovers
of justice wish that his Lordship may long fill that
station which owes so much to his transcendant
ability. We really think, that when the business of
any one Court becomes too great—the labours ought
to be divided. Precedents are only valuable as far as
they accord with common sense,—and ought not to
be adhered to when they are manifestly subversive of
public utility, and injurious to the public interests.

An opinion has prevailed within tho last day or two, that ow-
ing to the increase in the produce of the revenue during the pre-
sent quarter, as compared with that of last year, that Ministers
will be enabled to make their financial arrangements for the en-
suing year without either funding Exchequer Bills, or raising a
new Loan in the'regular manner. This could only be effected by
additional existence from the Bank, not at all probable, when the
very large amount of Notes is taken into consideration. Besides
the expence incurred by the army and navy, in Portugal, there
will be wanted to fill up the deficiency in the public accounts five
or six millions at least. It is a fact, that some of the leading
capitalists in the City are making preparations for a notice from
the Treasury to the Stock Exchange for a New Contract in the
beginning of the year.— Chronicle.