The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-22 00:00:00

THE VITN, LONDON, FRIDAY_ MORNING, AUGUST mt, 1845.

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols._

SECOND EDIIION of SE LF;
Or, THE WORLD AS IT GOES.

Or, the AUTHOR of "CECIL."

" Since Cecil took the town, by storm, nothing has appeared so
brilliant and spirit-stirring as the scenes and events recorded ic these
volumes. Whoever may be the. author, many passages are not un-
worthy the trauscendant abilities of him who, at the age of nineteen,
wrote that description of the' Hall of Ebbs,' which the first critic of
the day has pronounced to be superior to the Happy Valley of has-
selas.' "—Morning Post.

Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street

ow ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols.,
THE STORY OF A

ROYAL FAVOURITE,
By Mrs. GORE.
" No scandal about Queen Elizabeth, I hope ?"—The Critic.
Also, just ready,
LOVE AND MESMERISM. By HORACE SMITH, Esq.,
Author of " Brambletye House," &c. 3 vols.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

NEW WORK BY W. H. PRESCOTT, ESQ.
Now ready, in Bvo, with a Portrait of the Author,
BIOGRAPHICAL and LITERARY
MISCELLANIES.

By W. H. PRESCOTT, Esq.,
Author of " The History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella,"
" The History of the Conquest of Mexico," &c.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street,
(Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty).

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
LESSEE, MR. B. WEBSTER.
TRES EVENING
Will be repeated the Comedy of CAPTAIN TARRADIDDLE; or,
What will the World Say? Captain Tarradiddle, Mr. W. Farrell;
Pye Hilary, Mr. Hudson; Mrs. Tarradiddle, Miss P. Horton.
The celebrated Pianist, Leopold de Meyer,- will perform this
Evening, after the Comedy, Fantasia from ` Norma."
To be followed by USED (JP. Sir Charles Coldstream, Mr. Webster;
Wurzel, Mr. J. Bland ; Mary, Miss Julia Bennett; Lady Clutter-
buck, Miss Carre.
After which will be repeated a New Dramatic Sketch, entitled
MRS. CAUDLE'S CURTAIN LECTURES; or, Matrimonial Chap-
ters. Mr. Caudle, Mr. Buekstone ; Mrs. Caudle, Mrs. W. Clifford.
Private Boxes, Two Guineas and One Guinea and a-llati each.
Tickets and laces to be had of Mr. I. T. Archer at the Box-office,
from Ten till Five o'clock.

THEATItE ROYAL, ADELPIII.
UNDER TILE DIRECTION OF 31.ADAME CELESTF.
THIS EVENING

Will be performed the MYSTERIOUS STRANGER. The Stranger,
Madame Celeste.

After which, SWEETHEARTS AND WIVES. Billy Lackalay,
Mr. Munyard ; Eugenia, Mrs. Yates; Laura, Miss Woolgar.
To conclude with THE IRISH DRAGOON; or, Wards in Chan-
cery. Paddy Murphy O'Brallaghan, Mr. Hudson.
To-morrow, positively will be produced, Mrs. Caudle Abroad
and at Home.
Prompter, Mr. Gallot ; Principal Painter, Mr. Pitt; Leader of the
Band, Mr. Mellon.

THEATRE ROYAL, LYCEUM.
UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MRS. KEELEY.
Two Juvenile Nights, This Evening, and To-morrow.
Last Two Nights of Cinderella.
THIS k: ENINti

Will be performed a New and Original Comedy, to be called THE
GOVERNOR'S WIFE, with entirety New Scenery, Dresses, and
Appurtenances. Principal Characters by Messrs. Diddear, Keeney.
F. Mathews, F. Vining, and Cidier, ,liss Dawson. and Mrs. Keeley.
After which, an entirely New, Original, and Novel Grand Fairy
BALLET DIVERTISSEMENT, entitled LES FEES. In which Les
Danseuses Anglaises will appear.
To be followed by an entirely New Operatic, Dramatic, Chivalric,
Fairy, Romantic Burlesque, entitled CINDERELLA. The Principal
Characters by Mr. Keelry, Mr. A. Wigan, Mr. Frank Mathews, Mr.
J. W. Collier, Mrs. Keeley, Miss Vinare, Miss Fairbrother, Mrs.
Woollidge, Miss Grove, Miss Howard, &c

To conclude with A MODEL OF A WIFE

PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET.
LESSEE, MR. J. M. MADI)OX.
OPEN EVERY EVENING TILL THE END OF THE MONTH.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed THE BRIGAND. Alessandro Massaeonl, Mr.
Wallack ; Rubaldo, Mr—ltanoe; Ottavia, Miss Grey ; Maria Grazie,
Mrs. Brougham.
To which will In added A COURT BALL IN 1740. In which will
be introduced the Dances as performed at her Majesty's Bed Cos-
tume,with the Original Music.
To be followed by TIIE ADOPTED CHILD. Sir Bertrand, Mr.
Lynne ; Michael, Mr. Wallack ; Clam, Miss E. Honner.
After which, TEDDY THE TILER. Teddy Mullowny, Mr. Collins.
To conclude with a .New Dramatic Sketch, entitled MRS.
CAUDLE ; or, Curtain Lectures. Mr. Caudle, Mr. Compton; Mrs.
Caudle, Mr. Oaberry.

ASTLEY'6 ROYAL AMPIIIT11: ATRE.
PROPRIETOR, MR. W. RATTY.
Last Week but One of the Engagement of the French Equestrians
—The New Grand Spectacle is nightly-hailed with shouts of appro-
bation.

DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
Second Week of Madame Vestris and Mr. C. Matthews,
THIS EVENING

Will be performed THE BUSY BODY. Marplot, Mr. C. Ma-
thews; Miranda, Madame Irestris.
After which, USED UP. Supported by Messrs. C. Matthews,
R. Honner, hwille, Heslop, Fredericks, Lewis, Mrs. R. Bonner, and
Miss Martin.

To conclude with LESTELLE ; or, The Wrecker's Bride. Simon
Potts, Mr. R. Bonner; Pierre La Roche, Mr. H. Hughes; Jean
Kinroe, Mr. N. T. Hicks; Lestelle, Mrs. R. Bonner.
Places and Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Kerschner, at the Box-
oflice, from Eleven to tour.

WATI;ii, AT DAI
31 ruing 51 zninutei atter 4 I Evening .. 10 !ninnies after 5,

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AUG. 21.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 44; Iligheit, 62; Noon, 60.
BAROMETER, 30.0—rose a quarter of an inch.
WIND W., fine clear weather.

• r.
_14:7!
D.t.oir
,1:a10‘.424-1

TANTALUS himself experienced. Forced to live out of
his native country—constantly applying to GIBBS for
mitre prompt and for larger remittances—amused by
the scrivener with driblets only, doled out from time to
time, to keep him quiet and prevent his importunate
barking—this unfortunate man appears to have been
compelled to play the part of a useful but unrewarded
puppet in GIBBS'S hands. Then he makes applications
to Gums, under GIBBS'S instructions, for advances of
money, which money GIBBS obtains from third parties
on the strength and exhibition of those applications;
bills are drawn_ to carry out the appearances needful to
give a genuine character to the scrivener's proceedings.
Bi:ls are discounted in one batch to the tune of 5,0001.
The proceeds (4,8001. and upwards) are actually re-
mitted to the Ostend victim, and he is obliged to go
through the tragic farce of returning them, sub rad, to
GIBBS, on receiving another similar remittance from
that party, so as to withdraw the bank-notes trans-
mitted for the tint transaction, those of the second
being submitted to a similar course of operations, and
then—converted into gold; the poor gentleman at
Ostend all the while deriving precisely as little benefit
from this evidence of the convertibility of the bank
paper into bullion on demand, as this country has ex.
perienced from Sir ReBERT PEEL'S convertibility nos-
trum in the working of its currency system—that is, he
gains a loss.
We earnestly hope that this remarkable judgment will
be extensively perused and studied. We know of no
more disorganising and demoralising influence, affecting
the pi ace and welfare of society in this country, than
the practices of these money-lending and bill. discount-
ing attorneys of whom we speak.

Mr. LIELL'S recently-published " Travels in North
America," contain a chapter devoted to the English
Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. The eminent
geologist's inquiries into the condition of the universities
in the United States exposed him to many counter-
inquiries as to the English universities ; and Mr.
LYELL felt much shame and humiliation in being com-
pelled to tell of the complete neglect of science and
philosophy in Oxford and Cambridge, and of their
general inefficiency. In order to direct public attention
in this country to what is so great a matter of shame
and reproach to us, Mr. LYELL has entered at con-
siderable length into the question of the English Uni-
versities ; and as there is no one whose opinions on such
a subject are more entitled, by scientific acquirements
and fame, to attention, we make no apology for present-
ing our readers with some extracts from Mr. LYELL'S
chapter on Oxford and Cambridge.
The general rule in Oxford and Cambridge is, that
the university professors have no audiences. The edu-
cation is carried on, not by the university professors,
hie. by college-tutors : and the subjects taught by the
college-tutors are almost exclusively classics and mathe-
matics, which are the subjects of examination for de-
grees. Those who aspire to honours through the me-
dium of these examinations have no time to attend the
lectures of the university professors ; the college sys-
tem of education, and the college-created system of uni-
versity examinations, fill up all their time ; while those
who do not aspire to honours, and do not devote them-
selves to classics and mathematics, have no inducement
to attend the professors' lectures, as the universities give
no honours in connexion with the subjects which they
profess. An attempt was made in Oxford in 1839 to
require the attendance of all under-graduates, on some
professors' lectures ; and on very strong representations
of many of the most eminent professors, the Board of
Heads proposed to Convocation a statute requiring
attendance on at least two series of professors' lectures,
as a preliminary qualification for the B. A. degree. The
proposed statute was rejected by Convocation ; but
another statute was passed compelling professors to
lecture. We quote Mr. LYELL'S remarks on this con-
duct of Convocation and its results :

" While they threw out that part of the proposed statute
which would have gone far towards reviving the professorial
chairs, they passed another part requiring the Processors of
Astronomy, Experimental Philosophy, Chemistry, Geo.
logy, Mineralogy, Anatomy, Botany, Medicine, Civil
Law, English Law, Gre-k, Arabic, Sanscrit, Anglo-
Saxon, Poets y, Modern History, and Politics' Economy, to de-
liver regular courses of lectures. Tney were, in fact, bound,
not only by ancient statutes, to require the teachers above
enumerated faithfully to discharge their duty, but in modern
times, or since the examination statute of 1800, they had
sanctioned the foundation of new chairs, such as Experi-
mental Philosophy, Mineralogy, Geology, Political Economy,
and Sanscrit, and had accepted annual grants from the Crown
to endow certain readerships. In homage therefore to the
moral obligations they had incurred, not to render these new
and old foundations nugatory, they continued to exact an
outward conformity to the statutes, by enforcing the delivery
of lectures, the efficiency of which they allowed other parts of
their system entirely to defeat. Their conduct reminds us of
the orders issued by Chat'es V, to offer up prayers thrmeh-
out Spain for the deliverance of the Pope, whi:e he suffered
his army to retain him prisoner in the Castle of St. Angelo.
Atter the year 1839. we may consider three-
fourths of the sciences, still nominally taught at Oxford, to
have been virtually exiled from the University. The class-
rooms of the Pi ()lessors were some of them entirely, others
mostly, des,rted. Chemistry and botany attracted, be-
tween the years 18411 and 1841, from three to seven
students; geometry, astronomy, and experimental philosophy
scarcely more; mineralogy and geology still taught by the
same professor, who, fifteen y+•ars before, had attracted
crowded audiences, from ten to twelve ; political economy still
fewer; even ancient history and poetry scarcely commanded
an audience ; and, strange to say, in a country with whose
destinies those of India are so closely bound up, the first of
Asiatic scholars gave lectures to one or two pupils, and these
might have been absent had not the cherished hope of a Boden
scholarship for Sanscrit induced them to attend."

Mr. LYELL'S account of Cambridge is very similar:—

" Very recently at Cambridge, all branches of knowledge
taught by the professors—in a word, every subject except
what is understood in our universities by classics and mathe-
matics—have had sentence of banishment passed upon them in
the form of new compulsory examinations, under the manage-
ment of college tutors, the Oxford plan of awarding honours to
classical and mathematical attainments alone being adhered to.
professors of chemistry and anatomy, wbo had formerly
considerable classes, have only mustered six or seven pupils,
although still compelled to give courses of fifty lectures each.
The chairs of modern history, and of the application of
machinery to the arts, once numbering audiences of several
hundreds, have been in like manner deserted. Yet dispensa-
tions are rarely granted for the discontinuance of uselem duties,
even when only two pupils present themselves. Moreover,
here, as at Oxford, it is not uncommon to give such chairs as
mathematics, natural philosophy, chemistry, botany, astronomy,
geology, mineralcogy, and others, to clergymen, who combine
them with clerical duties, or throw them up when they obtain
preferment ; and who, however eminent, owing, as they must
do, a mired allegiance, partly to their ecclesiastical order, and
partly to the professional body. cannot stand up with heart and
courage in defence of the public, as opposed to the clerical and
collegiate interests."
The education afforded by Oxford and Cambridge is
not only thus limited and unsatisfactory in character, but
is most unreasonably expensive. The Quarterly Review
complained not long ago, that owing to the great ex-
pense of college education, and to the Bishops almost
universally requiring a college education of candidates
for holy orders, the Church was becoming closed to all
but members of the higher and rich middle classes. The
Prime Minister has, in the course of the last session,
emphatically reprobated the expensiveness of Oxford
and Cambridge. One great source of expense is the
private tutor in the universities, whose very existence
is a reps oach to the college tutor who has super-
seded the university professor. The college lectures
being insufficient to prvpare the under-graduates for the
examinations, they resort to private tutors, who are paid
at a much higher rate. Mr. LYELL says, "An Oxford
tutor informed me that, in the years 1840 and 1841, no
less than 250, or one-fifth of the resident students, pro-
cured this kind of assistance, the aggregate sum paid by
them amounting to more than 10,0001. a year! Mr.
',YELL quotes Dr. PEACOCK, the Dean of Ely, as affirm-
ing the same state of things at Cambridge. Dr. PEA-
C3CS says of the Cambridge private tutors—" These
teachers are young and inexperienced, and not com-
petent to convey enlarged views to their pupils. This
unhappy system has contributed more than any other
cause to the very general, and, in some respects, just
complaints which have been made of late years of the
paucity of works of learning and research which have
issued from the University of Cambridge."

The expenses of college education shut the doors of
Oxford and Cambridge to a large portion of her MA
JESTY'S subjects ; and religious tests exclude another
large portion. Mr. LYELL advises a royal commission
which might recommend the removal of tests, and sug-
gests many other improvements, and concludes with
the following protest against the exclusive system of the
Universities, with which we shall at present take leave
of the subject.
" Before the Reformation their spirit was Catholic and na-
tional; since that period they have dwindled, not into theolo-
gical seminaries, for they have never in practice afforded a
complete professional course for divinity students, but into
places for educating the clergy of the Established Church, and
the aristocratic portion of the laity professing the same form of
Christianity.. Such a system, coupled with the abandonment
of professional studies in general, tends to dissever throughout
the country men of different callings, creeds, and professions.
It has a demoralising influence. It separates, during the pe-
riod of youth, the nobility and gentry from the higher portion
of the middle classes, the barrister from the attorney, the phy-
sician from the surgeon, the legislators and lawyers of England
from those civilians to whom the government of eighty millions
in India is to be consigned, the members of the Anglican
Church from the Homanists of Stonyhurst or the Dissenters
of Hackney. the civil engineers of Putney from the medical
students of London. It disunites these and other sections of
the same community, and throws them into antagonist masses,
each keeping aloof from the other in cold and jealous se-
clusion, each cherishing sectarian party animosities, or
professional and social prejudices. It is in the season of
youth, and when men are engaged in the common pursuit of
knowledge—especially if allowed as far as possible to follow the
bent of their own tastes and genius—that friendships might
easily be formed, to st,ften these hard outlines. At college
they would be brought together on neutral, and usually on
friendly ground, where kindly feelings and sympathies would
spring up spontaneously, and would be cherished in after life,
by congenial souls, however distant the station, er distinct the
religious opinions or professional employments of their former
fellow-students."

Since the 12th things had quiet at Leipsic.
The troops that had tired on the people bad been kept
within their barracks—the communal guard had per-

formed the city duty, and had been well supported by
the students. The funeral of the killed took place ou
the 15th without disturbance.

The following resume of events in that unfortunate
city is given in the German Universal Gazette, under
date of the 15J1

" Yesterday at five o'clock another meeting of burgesses and
students took place. The reports of the events of the 12th and
13th were first read. The article of the semi-official Leipsic
..Gazette produced a great sensation, and it was resolved to
protest against this tissue of falsehoods; but the definitive
resolution was adjourned to Saturday. M. Bluin directed
the attention of the meeting to what be regarded as the most
essential point, vie , the interment of the victims. Deputa-
tions were sent to the municipal authorities, to ask for the
town colours ; to the staff of the communal guard, inviting it
to attend the ceremony; to the military staff, to remonstrate
on the conduct of the troops during the day, and to ask them
to conine them to their barracks the next day ; and to the
railroad terminus, to receive the deputation returning from
Dresden with the King's answer. The meeting next made a
collection to defray the necessary expenses. The sitting was
suspended for an hour. The measures of the committee re-
ceived the general approbation. The families of the victims
determined to have but one funeral ceremony for all, with the
exception of M. Mortmann, of whose body an autopsy was to
be made, in consequence of his family having lodged an ac-
tion for his death. The deputation from Dresden entered the
hall at half-past nine. It was supposed that the cortege would
muster 20,000 men. The committee fulfilled their mission
admirably. Everything passed over this morning at seven
o'clock in the utmost order. At five o'clock this morning the
Fletseher Platz was crowded with persons assembled to take
part in the funeral ceremony. The procession began to move
at seven. It consisted of the communal horse-guards ; a bat-
tallion of the communal foot-guards ; the students, in sections ;
the band of the 4th battalion ; the flag of the university ; the
Committee; the armourer's company; another band; the
various deputations of the trades; an immense train of bur-
gesses and students, with flags, and a detachment of the com-
munal guards. The cortege proceeded along in the greatest
silence, except in passing the chateau, where cries and threats
were uttered. Some disturbance had been feared here, but
nothing took place. In the cemetery, the coffins were placed
side by side in the same grave, and speeches were delivered
over them. The crowd withdrew in the utmost order."

Another letter of the same (late says:—
" The deputation of the Municipal Council and the delegates
of the city have returned from Dresden. The King, who re-
ceived them at noon, was affected to tears. His Majesty said
that this event was one of the most cruel trials of his life, and
that he was the more grieved that such an event should have
occurred in Saxony, and particularly in Leipsic, as he and his
family had always put up the most ardent prayers for the good
of the country, without ever violating their duty. His Ma-
jesty added, that he was the more hurt as the address of the
Municipal Council contained passages which seemed to indicate
distrust."

By a letter from Constantinople, of the 27th ult., we
learn that accounts had been received there of the last
operations of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian
forces in the Caucasus, Count WORONZOFF, in which he
states that he had obtained great and brilliant sucesses.
The general opinion in Constantinople was that too much
importance should not be attached to these first suc-
cesses of the Russians, as it forms part of the tactics of
the Mountaineers to retire into the mountains on the ap-
proach of their enemy, in the hope of drawing him into
difficulties and danger. News had also reached Constan-
tinople from Circassia. The population of the environs of
Anapa had, at the instigation of SoLIMAN EFFENDI, one
of the emis.,aries of Prince SCHAMIL, declared against
Russia. These people have joined the troops of SOLIMAN
EFFENDI, which are commanded by CARA BATYR, son of
SEVER BEY, who is an exile at Adrianople. This army
is said to have driven a Russian column from Tachowato.
Several Beys of Circassian tribes, which had submitted
to Russia, have gone over with all their followers to
SCRAMIL, in the Dhagestan, and taken up arms.
SCHAMIL continues to act in the north, and DANIEL
BEY, Ex-Sultan of Jellikoi, in the south of Dhagestan.
Both are provided with artillery. Scitemm is reported
to have made an attack on the fortress of Amakchan,
and DANIEL BEY upon the town of Tachok. In fine,
however, it appears that no serious affair has yet taken
place.

Madrid papers of the 13th have been received. The
restitution of the Church property to the secular clergy
is the subject of comment in all of them. Toe Espanol
publishes a letter from Paris, stating that M. Rossi had
received instructions to support the negotia'ions of M.
CASTILLO Y AYENSA with the Holy See.
The cause of the dismissal of General CA.MINERO from
the poat of Military Commandant of M.llaga, is stated
to be his want of energy during the recant disturbances.

We read in a letter from St. Sebastian of the 13th:—

" The day before yesterday their Majesties went for an es-
cursion on the water. Their boat having got aground, and all
the efforts niche sailors to goat her being Fruitless, ten or twelve
peasants who were at work near the spot rushed into the water
and succeeded in setting the boat free. Yesterday Queen Isa-
bella visited the regiment of Malloua, whieh is in garrison here.
She was received with enthusiestn, and pardoned several sol-
diers who had been condemned for desertion. After the visit
the Queen and her mother entered a magntticent tent, where
they partook of a collation provided by the ()Seers. The bull-
figh:s commenced this day, and the Queen and the Infanta were
present. Three bulls were killed,"

We have received the Paris papers of Tuesday.
The Coast tutionnel has a long and able article on the
manner in vvliida the Jesuits are evading the law for their
dispersion, and in some instances actually disobeying its
provisions. After commenting on the manner in which
the negotiations had been conducted by the Pontifical
Government. it proceeds
What is the result? First of all, can it he said that the
law will be executed? The existing houses will be closed, `tit
others will be opened ; the fathers will not live together in
great numbers, but they will separate into a multitude of little
communities ; they will continue to remain landowners in com-
mon, by transgressing the law; the body will not, therefore,
be really dissolved, and therefore the law will not be complied
with, but merely eluded. Thanks, however, to the manifes-
tation of the Chambers, and the apparent satisfaction which is
given them, the scandal of illegality will have disappeared.
Father Moire% will not again assume in a trial the title of
father-procurator, and M. de Ravignan will not publish
any more pamphlets to defy the laws and the courts of
justice. But have the other effects, which might have been
obtained from a well-conducted negotiation, been obtained?
Has the Pontifical Government diminished, by the conduct
which it has observed, the confidence of the bishops in the
Jesuits? Will the fathers, transformed into auxiliary priests,
exercise less influence on the ultramontane instruction of the
great religious schools, or less despotism over the secondary
clergy ? Will they not have, under the new disguise, more
pretexts and facilities to elude the dispositions which prescribe
to every professor in a religious school to declare that he does
sot belong to any unauthorised religions community? Are
not our ministers about to avail themselves of a false appear-
ance to exhibit more feebleness towards the clergy ? Has the
Church really separated its cause from that of the society
Has it net, on the contrary, confounded the two more together,
by placing itself. in the whole affair, behind Father Roothan
The Deputies, the electors, all who read and think in France,
are serious people, who know what they have determined
on. We have not asked for persecution, but we have demanded
from the Government sincere and efficient acts. Sincerely,
then, has all that is now passing a character of frankness and
truth ?"

The visit of Queen VICTORIA to Germany is the sub-
ject of comment in many of these journals. They all
attribute a political motive to it, but differ so among
each other as to what that motive is that an impartial
reader can only come to the conclusion that there is no
political motive whatever in the visit, or, at least, that if
there be one, these writers are profoundly ignorant of it.
The Legitimatist organs see in it a great European con-
gress, from which revolutionary France is excluded, "in
spite of the patronage of mercantile England,* to use
the language of 1a France, while the Conmerce con-
sickrs that the object of the journey is " to conjure
away the storm which threatens British commerce,"
should the Zollverein Congress, at Carlshrue, at the in-
stigation of the German southern states, increase the
import duties on manufactured articles.
We learn from Bordeaux, 16th inst , that his Royal
Highness the Duke DE NEMOURS was much better, and
that he and the DUCHESS would set out on the 18th
for Mont-de-Marsan. Two grandees of Spain, who
form part of the deputation appointed to accompany
their Royal Highnesses from Bayonne to Pampeluna,
arrived at Bordeaux on the 16th.

The accounts from Eu are most satisfactory as regards
the health of the KING of the FRENCH.

The Bourse was 'very animated, and the Funds and Rail-
road Shares generally improved.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse at
84f. 50c. ' • the New Loan at 84f. 50c.; the Five per Cents.
at 121 f. 90c. ; Orleans Railroad shares, 1,307 f. 50c. ; Rouen,
1,090 f.; Vierzon, 803 f. ; Havre, 915 f. ; Avignon, 1,085 f. ;
Basle, 285 f. ; Spanish Three per Cents., 38k.
The following are the quotations of the new lines :-
Orleans and Bordeaux, 220 f. premium ; Boulogne, 1351.
premium ; Troyes and Montereau, 55f. ; Paris and Lyons
(Laffitte), 36f. 25c. ; ditto (Calon), 71. 50c. ; ditto (Ganne-
ron), 12f. 50e.; ditto Northern Line (Laffitte), 57f. 50c. ;
ditto (Rosamel), 29f. 50c. ; ditto (Pepin Lehalleur), 151. ;
ditto (Decan), 15f. ; Tours and Nantes ("Mackenzie) 151. ;
ditto (Drouillard), par; ditto (O'Neill) sf. ; ditto (Jacqubs
Lefevre), 1 ; Lyons and Avignon (Lecointe), 20f. ; ditto
(Talabot), 40f. ; ditto (Compagnie Meridionale), 10f.
Bordeaux and Toulouse (Mackenzie), lf. ; ditto (Espe-
leta), 151. ; Creil and St. Quentin (Kysaens), par; ditto
(Carette), Cf. ; ditto (Colbert), lf.; ditto (Bechet). 12f.50c. ;
ditto Hainguelot, 13f. 75c. ' • Parts and Strasburg (Ganne-
ron), 12f. 50c.; Dijon and Mulhouse, par; Dieppe, 30f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, AUG. 20.
Boulogne and Amiens - Orleans and Bordeaux 12%
Bordeaux &Meiliterran - OverYssel ......... p
Bordeaux and Toulouse - Paris & Lyons ( Lafitte)
Do. and Cette 2% Ditto (Ganneron's). 2 lA2
Dutch Rhenish
Dendre Valley ...... - !Paris and 0r1ean5...... .S 0
Dieppe & Paris Juliet. - !Paris and Rouen .. 41%
Dijon and Mulhouse - IParis and Strasburg
East Indian
Grt Northern of France IDo. (Compte de L'Est) -
(Laffitte's) -
Ditto (Rosamel's) . ;Rouen and Havre...... 3034
Great Paris and Lyons. - Royal North of Spain. 2%
Jamaica Junction - Sambre and Meuse .... 81
Do. North Midland - Strasbourg and Basle . -
Louvain and Jemeppe., 41, Tours and Nantes
Lyons and Avignon 2% (M`Kenzie's)
Luxembourgh.. ......... Do. (Lefebvre's) 2
Namur and Liege....... 4% Verona and Ancona 3%
Orleans and Vierzon .. 17 West Flanders

MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—Tho nuptials of Lord
Macdonald with Miss Wyndham, daughter of the
Countess of Listowel, were solemnised yesterday, in
St. George's, Hanover-square, in the presence of a nu-
merous and distinguished circle, the r€l4tives and friends
of both families. After the ceremony the Earl and
Countess of Listowel gave an elegant dejeuner, in honour
of the occasion, to a large party of the nobility.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
(From The Sun of totst Night.)
The sales of Cotton in Liverpool yesterday were 4,000 bale=
Prices were without alteration. There was a full choice. A
limited business only was done in Shares, but the market was
firmer.

The Overland Mail brings intelligence of rather a heavy
market for produce, the high rate of the exchanges produc-
ing this effect. Sugar had been quiet. In imports the busi-
ness done was under the usual average.
The following gives an insight into the position of the
United States trade at the latest date :

The value of the exports from New York, for June, will
not be very large. The following is a statement of the com-
merce of the port of New York for the week ending Satur-
day, July 19, 1845:
Shipments in United States vessels 8246,508 33
Shipments in foreign vessels. 225,290 19

Shipments of ..... 61,054 00

Total
Total for the first five days of July 346,680 40
Total for the week ending July 12

Total for 19 days in July, 1845 $-1,653,103 88
Seven British vessels cleared the last week, the total
amount of exports in which did not exceed 20,000 dolls.
There was exported in three Swedish vessels merchandise
to the amount of 58,779 dolls. 27c. In one Hamburgh
vessel, to the amount of 35,878 dolls. 95c. In one Sicilian
vessel, to the amount of 35,355 dolls.
The revenue from customs received at this port from the
Ist to the 20th of July, was as annexed.

REVEXUE FROM CUSTOMS—PORT OF NEW YORK.
Amount received from July Ist to 6th ..... 0335,033 96
Amount received from July 7th to 13th
Amount received from July 14th to 20th 312,111 18

Total for twenty days in July, 1845 51,053,218 68
Amount received in July, 1844 2,181,950 00
Amount received in July, 1843
The receipts from customs at this port for July, 1845, will
not exceed the amount received in the same month in 1843,
when the merchandise imported for the month amounted to
4,446,686 dolls. The value of the imports for July, 1845, will
be at least three millions of dollars less than fur the same
month last year.
The Funds have opened rather firmer this morning, but
the Chancery broker has just been selling again, and the
quotation for Consols has given way from 991/s to 99 and
98%8. Time bargains have been effected at 99 to 1/s, Exche-
quer-bills have realised 495. to 51s. Bank Stock has been
firm at 211 to 2111/2, and India Stock at 2711/2. The New
Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. have been 1021/2 to 102%.
The foreign investments are flat again. Portuguese Four
per Cents. have been marked 643/. Danish Bonds are firm
at 893 A. Dutch Two-and. a-Half per Cents. realise 6314 14.
Shares are rather better supported to-day, owing to the
improved accounts from Liverpool.

ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
bank Stock 2lll/ 2111/2
per Cent. Reduced
3 per Cent. Consels Annuities 991/8 98% 99 59
New 314 per Cents ...102%5/ 1023/4
Long Annuities to exnireJan.lB6o 11 7-16 11 7-16
[ndia Stock
Consols for Account . .... 991 A 99 99y8
Exchequer Bills, 1,0001., 11/d. ... 51 49 pm. 49
Ditto 5001.
Ditto Small

ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Columbian Bonds, ex Venezuela. 17%
Danish Bonds, 1825, 3 per Cent 89% 89%
Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1837 — 33
Ditto, Account — 35
Ditto, Deferred •
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cents —
Ditto, Account ..... ... ....

394

Portuguese Bonds, 4 per Cent .. 64% 6444
Dutch, 2% per Cent .
Ditto Account
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certific lOOl% 1001/2
PRICES OF PAID. BUSINESS DONE CLOSING
it AMWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Aberdeen

. _
Armagh, Coleraine, and ._
Portrush
Birmingham and Ox-
ford Junction
Uri'ton, Lewes, & Hut. 20
Bristol and Exeter
Do. New .... . ......... 2 ......
Caledonian
Ditto Extension
Cambridr -Ad Li ^olr 11/ 3%%, 31z
Xi
11/1„

_ a•nbridge an, _Ancoln -.
Chester and Holyhead... 15
Coventry, Nuneaton, Bir.
and Leicester 1
Cornwall

_.-X3
Direct Northern
Dublin and Galway... 9% 3 23/4
Eastern Counties 141. 165...... 191/s% 19%
_Ditto New 41. 16s. —

Ditto Perpetual, 5 per
Cent, No. 1—.51. 135. 4d. — 114
EastDereh'm andNor'ch 1
_ll4

~dinburgh and Glasgow 50
Grand Union l% —

INDIA AND CHINA.

(From the Times.)

We: have received by our extraordinary express dis-
patches from India in anticipation of the bi-monthly
mail.

The quietness of the Punjaub appears to be the qiiiet-
ness of death. The Seikhs no longer mete out death to
each other, but disease sweeps them off by thousands.
The cholera, i❑ its most malignant type, has been raging
in Lahore and the neighbourhood, and it was calculated
that the deaths averaged from 500 to 700 per day. At
the date of the last accounts this dreadful disease was on
the decline, after having carried off bet% een 20,000 and
30,000 victims.

The last advices from Peshawur represent that city as
almost deserted. Every one who had the means of re-
moving had left the city. The number of deaths in that
place between the 30th of March and the 2d of May
amounted to 4,825.

In the midst of this direful affliction the state of par-
ties had not changed very materially. In our last we
stated that Prince Pe.,hora Singh had taken possession of
two or three provinces, the revenues of which he in-
tended to apply to his own use. It is now said, that the
treasure sent towards Peshawur by the Sirdar, amount-
ing to nearly six lies of rupees, had also fallen into the
hands of Peshora Singh, who had surprised the escort.
The greater part of the troops, it is now said, are in
favour of Peshora Singh, their good-will having been ob-
tained by the intrigues, or rather purchased by the gold,
of Ghoolab Singh.
The Raja Goolerwallah Singh, the father-in-law of
the late Raja Heera Singh, who had been at Lahore for
some time settling his account with the Sirdar, was sud-
denly attacked with cholera, and died shortly after. The
Sirdar Jowahir Singh, having heard of his/ death, sent
immediately to seize a horse and some other property
that the Raja had disposed of in charity in his last
moments. The Wuzeer Jowahir Singh is, in the mean
time, becoming daily more unpopular, and it is said
Peshora Singh aspires to the office of Wuzeer.

Public attention has been much excited by the expo-
sure of certain alleged malpractices in the Supreme
Court of Madras, where the Master, who is also the
taxing-officer, has been, it is said, long in the practice
of taking illegal fees, and allowing them to be charged
by the attorneys. It is represented that in one ease
where he had permitted the attorney to charge illegal
fees to the amount of 1,600 rupees (1601. sterling), he
had' charged for himself 3,000 rupees, or 300 L Not-
withstanding an able defence made by the Counsel on
behalf of Mr. Minchin, the Master, the Court pro-
nounced him guilty of the charge, and deprived him of
his office. In defence of Mr. Minchin, it is said that,
at the request of Sir Robert Comyn, he resigned a
lucrative practice at the Madras bar to become the
Master of the Court, on the express understanding
that the emoluments of the office averaged about 42,000
rupees per annum ; that these emoluments arose from a
table of fees established in 1801, and partly from
others sanctioned from time to time by the different
Masters for business, but provided for by the table, and
tacitly allowed by successive judges. No new fee, it is
said, has been introduced for the last fourteen years, or
by Mr. Minchi❑ during his period of office; and it is
alleged that the Chief Justice, or his colleague for the
time being, having affixed their signatures to several
hundred bills of costs, containing all those fees which are
now said to be illegal, and without which signature
those fees could not be demanded. Mr. Minchin is ex-
pected to arrive by the present mail, in order to appeal,
it is sai3, against the decision of the Madras judges.
In Ceylon the cultivation of the tea plant had been
commenced, and great expectations were entertained of
the result of the experiments. According to other opi-
nions, although the tea plant will grow within the
tropics, and maintain a flourishing appearance, the leaf
is said to be totally destitute of flavour, and therefore
useless.

The important subject of railroads has not escaped
discussion. The Calculi i Englishman contends that the
London scheme for obtaining a Government guarantee
of a certain amount of dividend to a company can be of
no public advantage; and that a line connecting Calcutta
with the great markets and thoroughfare of the north-
west provinces is the sine that must be supported.
We regret to add, that that dreadful scourge, the
cholera, had reacheu the banks of the Sutlej and made
its appearance at Ferozepore, though not in our canton-
ments. The mortality amongst the officers of the
Madras army has been greater than any remembered
for many years past.
The Bombay cavalry have memorialised the Court
of Directors on the subject of granting an additional
captain, and we are happy to find that the memorial
has been intrusted to Major-General Archibald Watson.

An important order has also been issued by the
Governor• General fur remedying the inconveniences
resulting from the present mode of allowing young
(:fficers to join their regiments. We are happy to find
this subject has at length attracted the attention of
Government.

The steamer Precursor, with the mail to the 24th
of May, anchored in Madras roads on the 28th of June,
thus affording intelligence from England in the unusually
short spaca of 35 days.
The British frigates Thunderer and Conway had been
dispatched from the Mauritius on the 7th of June to
the island of Madagascar, to protect the European in-
habitants, who had been ordered by the Queen to
become naturalized, or quit the country.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the Calcutta Englishman of July 2. )

Considerable dullness has been observable in business gene-
rally since our last issue of the 9th ult., but still in no single
staple, either of import or export, have we any important
change to notice as regards prices. The Government express
of the mail, via Bombay, came in on the 191 h ult., and put us
in receipt of London dates to the 7th of May. The accounts
of the home markets for East India produce were again unfa-
vourable ; and, although the lowness of stocks still enables hol-
ders here in most instances to maintain former rates, there has
been bit little anxiety shown to purchase, and transactions
have been on a very moderate scale.
The long looked-for improvement in the demand for im-
ports has not as yet been manifested in the slightest degree,
although the rivers are now navigable, and produce is arriving
freely ; this is probably caused by the attention of the dealers
being still occupied with opium speculations, and by the large
sums of money required fur that purpose, and, as the sum that
will be required during the present month to effect the clear-
ance of that purchased on the 30th ult. is no less than 7,000,000
Company's rupees, we see no prospect of money being more
abundant at present, although, from this being the last Govern-
ment sale of the season, it is probable the dealers may now re-
turn to their legitimate business.

Exchange has again advanced about a farthing, but at this a
large amount of operations have been effected, and first-rate
paper is in reque.t. Our river is still %ell supplied with ship-
ping, and freight is procurable on about the same terms as at
the date of our last.

Indigo—Our late accounts from the interior are not so flou-
rishing as those previously received, particularly from the east-
ward ( Furreedpore Dacca, Mymunsingh), where they have
experienced very heavy rain and a sudden rise of the rivers,
which have done them a great deal of harm—in fact, so much
so, as to reduce their prospects to two-thirds of what they pre.
viously calculated on ; it. also appears that the rain has injured
the plant considerably in Rungpore, as well as in Jessore and
Rajeshaye, and should the weather experienced in Calcutta
during the past two or three days have extended to those dis-
tricts, we shall doubtless shortly hear of further complaints.
On the whole, however, we cannot say that the general
accounts are very bad, as a few days of fine wea-
ther would counteract the damage done in many parts, and
we are aware that rain was much wanted in others,
as Nuddea, Maldah, Purneeh, and Bhaugulpore, where the
manufacture is progressing splendidly: from Tirhoot our ac-
counts are rather favourable as compared with those of last
month ; the western provinces are likewise promising well, pro-
vided the 7 have early rains, and we hope to hear in a few days
of their havir.g regularly set in there ; in which case they will
cut a splendid koontie, with a probability of a good nowdah. We,
however, hear a very general complaint of the fine plant they
are cutting not yielding so good produce as was looked for, and
many parties will find their out-turn fall short of what they cal-
culated on from the quantity and general appearance of the
crop ; this deficiency, however, is to be attributed more to the
coolness of the nights than to the quality of the plant, and with
fine weather will improve.

It is still quite impossible to say anything about the quantity
likely to be produced, as everything depends on the weather
experienced throughout the manufacturing season, but we can
confidently say that there is plant enough on the ground to yield
a full average out-turn.
Exports from the Ist of November, 1844, to the 30th of July,
1845:

Chests. Fy. mds.
To Great Britain 25,731 95,374
France 10,362 36,192
North America
Red Sea, Bombay, and Gulfs 1,957 6,314
Foreign Europe
All other parts 9 21

Total 38,707 140,172
Sugar—At the date of our last the low state of the rivers
had only allowed of small parcels coming to hand, and these
consisted principally of good to fine qualities, which found a
ready sale; since then, however, arrivals have been more free,
and, except for the vet), finest descriptions, there has been but
little demand ; so that, although we cannot as yet quote any
material decline, the tendency is decidedly downwards. With
low sugars the market is still very moderately supplied, and
prices are almost nominal.
For Khaur the inquiry has fallen off, and transactions have
been very limited.
Exports to Great Britain in June amounted to 150,378
maunds.

Saltpetre—There is still a fair demand for this staple, and
although there is not at present much doing for Great Britain.
the scarcity of some descriptions and the demand for America
keep up prices.
For France we do not hear of any purchases, but small ship-
ments have gone forward to China.
Exports in June were as follows, viz..---To Great Britain,
24,832 maunds ; to North America, 8,007 =ands.
Raw Silk—This market continues very quiet, the large
holders being still disinclined to submit to any decline, without
which it is impossible that any general demand cAn be expe-
rienced, but as the unsold portion of the last bund is still very
considerable, and the produce of the rainy bund will be coming
to hand in about a month, we think considerable more anxiety
to realise will shortly be manifested, in which case a material