The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-31 00:00:00

1 *5JbnL

LONDON, •F
RID AY, MAY 31, 1844.

Both Houses met last night
Lordsfor the first time after
Ole recess. In the House ofthe Marquis of
CLAN RICARDE moved for a Select Committee to eon-.
sider the Bill for the construction railway froin
Chester to Holyhead, and after vomearta.
the Duke of WELLINGTON, Lord KENYON, and Lordfrin
MONTEAGLE, the motion was postponed till TUesday.
Lord CAMPBELL postponed his Bill on the law' of
libel till Friday. The Lord Chancellor said he
would, on that day, present a modified Bill on the
subject.
After some other business of little importance the
Rouse adjourned.
In the Howe of. CoMmoris Lord ARTHUR LErmox
took his seat for Chichester, and. Sir THOMAS FEE-
ISANTLE fur Buckitthana

After a great number 'of petitions bad been pre-
sented, Mr. thrti-IS moved that a Select Committee
to appointed to inquire into the claims of Mr. Cur-
CBESTER, as sole executor of ROBERT "WILLIAM
'VowELL, an uncompensated American Loyalist. Sir
3EoaoE CLERK opposecf the .motion, which •was ne-
gatived without a division.
sy,AV :IMtlliElitx, obtained leave to bring in a Bill to
• - e
Rics eal
,in,epulinal eases. lie made an
6 sue,, thii important question, and.,Aussuft
(
. . ,
: ,effeetitAy t bsurd principle that, 'while appeals
it ;
~- :were . . e, in cm. eases,
V -(11-mi (I, " •*1 no appeals in the
• -
\-.., •, , reient iitc., the law were allowed in cases where '
\_
4,1014.. uman being was at stake, Sir JAMES I
I

GRAHAM did not oppose the motion, though he could
not pledge the Government to support it.
On the motion for the House going into a Com-
mittee of Supply, Mr. ROEBUCK brought the state
of Canada under the consideration of the House, but
made no motion.

Lord STANLEY replied at great length, and de-
fended the conduct of Sir C. bIETCALFE.

After speeches from Mr. HUME, Mr. C. BULLER,
Lord J. RUSSELL, and Sir R. PEEL, the subject
dropped.
The report of the Committee of Supply was brought
up and agreed to, the other business was disposed of,
and the House adjourned at a Quarter to One o'Clock.

So, Sir JAMES GRAHAM is going to make another
inroad upon the liberty of the English people. The
gambling-booths at Epsom and Ascot, as they have
been called, are abolished. There is to be no more
roulette, no more pitch and toss, no more stick-
throwing, no more thimble-rigging. The. Derby
Dilly is about to establish a new era, introduce a great
moral reform among the middle and lower classes,
and make this country a model for virtue, honesty,
and sobriety. For several years, in almost every
public-house throughout the empire, small sums have
been subscribed, solely, with perhaps a few excep-
tions, for amusement, and rational amusement too, in
order to raise a fund, which may be spent on the con-
clusion of the principal races, possibly not more than
four during the season. Nothing like gain,
or unfair play, or robbery was attempted.
These little " re-unions," to use a French
phrase, were attended by the most respectable
tradesmen of the neighbourhood, they were con-
ducted on fair and honourable principles, they were
looked forward to with as much interest as the Derby
or the St. Leger by Lord GEORGE BENTINCK, or any
other Lord, and we believe not one in ten thousand
ever suffered by them. It appears, however, that
these pastimes are too aristocratical; they follow
closely in the rear of CROCKFORD'S, and WHITE'S, and
fifty other clubs, frequented by the virtuous upper
classes ; and the Derby Dilly, a section of the new
moral government, have resolved to put them down.
A feeler to this effect has been sent forth, we believe
at the instigation of the Home Secretary, in these
words :—" It is the intention of Government to adopt
measures for the immediate suppression of racing
speculations. Arrangements are about being made
with the magistracy to carry this intention
of the Government into effect ; ,for which
purpose the police authorities will receive
instructions to give notice to publicans that if they,
for the future, permit lotteries' or ' sweepstakes'
to be held, they will not only subject themselves• to
heavy penalties, but, by permitting them to take place
on their premises, such an illegal proceeding will en-
danger the licenses of their respective houses."
The already oppressed publicans are thus to be
made the first victims. The new police is to be let
loose upon thousands of the most respectable
class of the community who frequent their
houses; they are to be prohibited from taking
any interest in' the national sports of the
country, purely for the sake of preserving their
morality ; and a despotic law is to be carried into
effect by men who vote black white, who change
their political principles, and break the most solemn
pledge's, to suit their own selfish interests. If the
people of England submit to this tyrannical inter-
ference, therdeserve to be slaves. Is not the law
strong enough ? If any hotel keeper forms a scheme
for robbing his customers, cannot he be reached by
the ordinary course of legal procedure ? Why should
all the innocent, as well as the guilty, be' subjected to
the same punishment? This is law of the Emperor
NICHOLAS and MEHEMET ALT, and if Englishmen
remain passive under this new moral system, they
will, soon become as thorough slaves as the 'serfs of
Russia and the fellahs of Egypt. But the despotism
of the scheme is only equalled by its, inefficiency.
Can this ordonnance of the Home Secretary' put
down these sweepstakes ? The thousands that take
an interest in them will assemble in. some other
manner, and they will take vengeance on this
meddling, hypocritical, and do-nothing Government,
by an increased interest in these harmless amuse-
ments. The Whigs, by their foolish Police Act,
alienated many of their' best supporters, and paved
the way for their downfal. The moral Government is
imitating their example, and will meet with the same
fate. The men who have adopted and rejected
almost every political principle ; who have winked
at the Exchequer robberies; who have screened all
the great delinquents in the' Custom-house thefts,-
because they belong to their own class; the men who
make the most solemn pledges on the hustings, and
as solemnly break them 'in Parliament,. are, forsooth,
to be the censors of the most honourable men of the
community---the middle classes. Their time, how-
ever, will come, and, if the system is continued, they
will find it at the next election. This cruel inter-
ference with every action of common life is exciting
dire hostility against the upper classes. They imagine
they are creating, like Mr. OWEN, a New Harmony,
while they are creating elements for their own de-
struction. •

The high price of coals in the metropolis, the great
selling mart of this indispensable description of fuel,
has long been a signal but an unredressed grievance
upon the London consumer. Various plans have
been devised, from time to time, for facilitating the
moorings of the ,colliera within the port, and the deli-
very of their cargoes ; but, hitherto, with little or no
effect upon that system of combination which has
operated to keep cargoes out of the market when the
prices have been low, and to pour them in. when
prices have been high, with 'a degree of surprising
consistency and constancy. The connexion between
cause and. effect was never more palpable than in the
certainty with which the number of cargoes discharged
deelined with the lower, and multiplied with the higher
quotations. In our paper of Wednesday we reported
the procet dings which had takeilnlace at the Mansion-
house, on a complaint brought before the Lord Mayor,
by a seaman, against the captain of a Hartlepool col-
lier, It appeared that the man had signed an agree
merit with the owners to work the vessel from Hartle-
pool to London and back for 41., but that he had no
notion; in doing so, of-being detained "over the three
market days all Owed by Act of Parliament to each
collier for discharging and clearing out." The brig
had been already twenty market days in the river
• .
and himself, and others an .the same 'condition, who
had wives" and children .in the port froth whence they
had sailed, knew that these unfortunate connexions
must either 'ire starving, or thrown on the union poor-
houses fur relief, owing to the inadequacy of the
wages earned to so protracted and unlocked for a
term of detention in the Thames. The Lord Mayor
seems to have been quite alive to the cruelty of the'
case aaaffecting the seamen engaged under this kind
of liability, and to the injustice which the practice of
colliers remaining "in sections," with cargoes unsold,
long after the expiration'of the three market days al-
lowed by the Act, entailed upon the public by enhanc •
ing the price: From subsequent communications be-
tween the Lord Mayor Mid .Mr..ltowr,arato; harbour-
master of the port.of London, facts transpired that surely
lay a strong case for the interference of his Lordship,
as Conservator of the Thames Navigation, andepen-
,
dently of a case for his• magisterial intervention, to.
defeat the oppressive operation of a spirit of reckless
monopoly on the part of coal-owners and their agents.
From a return given in by the harbour-master, ex-
tending from the Ist to the 28th instant, "of the
number of coal-laden vessels arrived at' Gravesend ;
the number detained in sections ; the number of car-
goes sold in the market, and the prices- at which they
were sold," we perceive that the total number of col-
liera arrived, in all that period, was 353 ; that, from
the Ist to the 7th inst., there arrived of this numLer
116, and there were sold only 66 cargoes; the largest
number of colliers detained in sections being on the;
Ist, when there were 280, and the- smallest on the
4th, when there were 228. From the Bth to the 17th-
inclusive there were 139 arrivals, and 156 cargoes
sold.; the smallest number in the sections being 219,
the largest 271. From the 18th to the 28th inclusive
there were 98 arrivals, 109 cargoes sold ; the smallest
number- in sections 107; -the largest 204. In the
twenty-eight days, therefore, 353 colliers had arrived
whereof 331 had sold their cargoes in the market,
leaving '22- .which had not, sold to be added to the
nurnber detained, on the same account, in the see_
tithis."---The'ritiniber detained,- on-. an average -v.f: the
mw
?hi
mo whole
ettwn er
nn t ya-nedi g blot
7days e (m2Bi
nO n
ih au:
n-
wasbeen),
jt9hBe. maxi-
mum
prices at which the best coals were sold, varied, be-
tween the Ist and the 24th, only from- 225. to 235. 6d.;

Oricata

.......1005

..1010

but this note is added to the harbour-master's return,
viz.—

" 27th May, or the last market day, three colliers ar-
rived, 100 sail detained iri sections, 32 ships' cargoes
sold, and the price tif the ben coals Artkiyiiig frbm 24 to
shillirio; or libbut 84-s. per ton to the consumer."
Mr. Ablerman HUMPUERY sensibly remarked that
it was astonishing how a systematic violation of an
Act of Parliament, which had the effect of running
up the price of coals Bs. or 10s. per ton to the consu-
mer, should have been endured so long by the public,
which raised such an outcry at a proposed additional
duty of 4d. per ton on this commodity. This duty,
be it observed, is, at any rate, for specified public pur-
poses. The enhanced price of Bs. or 10s. beyond the
natural price which coals, at their present supply,
would command, goes exclusively into the pockets of
the .combining coal-owners and their agents, at the
expense of the London consumer ; and to enable them
to accomplish this cheat, the navigation of the river
is rendered incommodious and dangerous, and the
general convenience of shipping trading with the port
of London materially encroached upon by those huge
sections of monopoly-price colliers. 'We are very glad
to observe the Lord Mayor holding this language on
the subject :
" He should meet them with a plan calculated to defeat
their exertions. There were three market days allowed,
and every ship which refused to sell within the specified
time 'namely, the ditration of the three market days,
should be compelled to more out of the sections, and
below Gravesend altogether, out of the mayoralty juris-
diction." .

" The colliers shall not make a warehouse of the
Thames. It is quite absurd to suppose that they would
remain forty and fifty days in the river without meaning
to remunerate themselves for the delay by drawing upon
the public. It is my instruction to you, Captain Row.
land, to intimate to the captains of all colliers which come
into London, that if they refuse to sell within the three
market days they must remove out of the bounds of my
jurisdiction altogether."

We verily believe that no city of Europe, in refer-
ence to the vast and various commerce of its port, and
especially its coasting trade, derives so little local or
immediate advantages from its position as London.
The same vigilance which we trust henceforth to see
directed to the supply of coal, might greatly multiply'
cheapen, and facilitate the comfort and enjoyment of
its two millions of inhabitants, in respect of other
articles of necessity, convenience, or luxury, from
which they are in like manner debarred, in a great
measure, by the same übiquitous spirit of monopoly.

Accounts from Madrid of the 23d state, that the
two QUEENS, with the INFANTA, had arrived at
Amanas on the 22d, and were to set out next day for
Valencia. The Government were proceeding with
the organisation of the cavalry, which was to be com-
posed of 18 regiments. The total effective strength
will be 12,420 men and 10;584 horses.
The Three per Cents. were done at 291 for cash,
and 291 at 60 days; and the Five per Cents. at 201
at 60 days.

The discussion in the French Chamber of Deputies
on foreign affairs was continued on Wednesday. M.
TIMERS spoke on that day, and made only a few re-
marks on the affair of Otaheite, in which he blamed
the Ministry—first, for going there at all ; secondly,
for not- foreseeing the difficulties Admiral. DUFETIT
TuouAßs would have to encounter ; and, thirdly, for
disavowing him. He then referred to the policy pur-
sued by the Cabinet with regard to the French at
Monte-Video, where the forces of France were actu-
ally the auxiliaries of the ferocious ROSAS ; drew a
parallel between the two Governments of Monte
Video and Buenos Ayres; and presented the most
frightful picture of the atrocities committed by
Rosas. Most of the facts he mentioned had been
supplied to him by M. BASELLA, the Envoy of the
Montevideans to the. English Government, and might
consequently be relied upon as true. Monte Video,
on the contrary, was governed by a regular and
humane Administration, which was favourably dis-
posed towards France. He blamed the French Consul
at Monte Video for not asserting the rights of his
countrymen, amounting to nearly eighteen thousand,
and paid a high compliment to the English Commo-
dore PURVES, who had adopted a far different course.
" When ORIBE," continued M. TIIIERS, " published
the barbarous proclamation in which he declared that
all strangers should be treated like the savage Uni-
tarians, the Commodore wrote to him that his pro-
clamation was worthy of a pirate of the coast of Bar-
bary, and summoned him to disavow it. ORIBE
replied that the English were to be excepted; but
this declaration did not satisfy the English officer,
who insisted on the withdrawal of the proclamation,
to which ORIBE acceded." (Here M. TRIERS was in-
terrupted by the Minister of Marine, who stated that
it was Admiral Masson DE CLERVAL who had taken
the initiative, and been the first to protest against
ORIBE'S proclamation.)• "Yes," replied M. TRIERS,
" but he did not protest in the name`of his Govern-
ment, and he did not sign' the protest." We find no-
thing else of the slightest interest in the discussion,
with the exception of .the following remarks of M.
GUIZOT, on the state of the French navy :

"He observed that ever since 1840, the supplies of the
Marine had progressively increased; that in 1839 they were
under 60,000,000 ; that in 1840 they amounted to 72,000,000 ;
in 1842, to 125,000,000 ; in 1843, to 125,000,000; and in
1844, to 111,000,000. As respected the armaments, the
number of vessels in active Service; in 1838, was 198 ; in
1839,• 218 ; in 1840, 228 ; in 1841, 227 ; in 1842, 225 ; in
1843, 189 ; and 1844, 190. The sums expended in the mili-
tary and merchant harbours by the Ministry of Public
Works, from• 1837 to 1843, exceeded 52,000,000; in 1842,
184.3, and 1844, the credits appropriated to the same object
amounted to 22,000,000, besides 6,000,000 more expended in
Algiers. Those facts sufficiently cleared the GoN;trnment, in
his opinion, of the charge of neglecting the navy, and proved
that the real interests of the navy and the naval forces of
France had never received a more rapid and important ex-
tension than under his administration."

The Journal des Debats, in a well written article,
pays a high compliment to the memory of the late M.
LAFFITTE. •

"M. Laffitte (it says) had not wished for the Revolution
of July, but he had the merit of accepting and inaugurating
it at the moment it became necessary. It was to his pre-
ceding condUct--4o his acknowledged and tried moderation,
that he was indebted for the honour, of being one of the first
Summoned to restore order after the storm, to consolidate
the work of the Revolution, and to :save it from its ex-
cesses.''.

On Wednesday the Three per Cents. again ad-
vanced a little, and closed at 84f. 70c.
•
THE BOURSE—WEDNESDAY, MAY 29.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
121 95 .. 122 .. 121 .. 121.90
84 70 84 70 .. 84 65 .. 84 70
French phrvee2peprereecnetants...........
Bank of France •. 3065 ••3067 50 .•3065 ..3067 50
Larfitte Bank, 1,0006 Sharesll2s —ll3O .• 1125 ..1130
5,0606 Sharesslos ••51-10 ••5105 —5llO
Belgian Bank..— • • ...... 660 .• 660 .. 557 50 •• 558 75
Belgian Fives, 1840
1842 •••• • • • • 109 • • 109 •. 109 •• 109
Spanish Threes •• ••••• • • • • • 35i •• 36 • • 35! • • 36
PaSsive.•••
Neapolitan•• •• • • • • • • • • • •• 102.50 .. 102.45 • • 102 50 .. 102 45

Roman, ex cliv.• •• •• •••• •• • 1041 • • 1041 1041 .. 1041
RAILWAY SHARES.
St. Germain • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 895 • . 910 .. 895 • • 910
VersailleB,lt.lo... •......... 385 .. 385 .. 355 .. 385
L.13.•••••••.•••.-.252 50 .. 255 .. 252 50 .. 252 50
Rouen •• •• •• •• •• •••• •• •• •• 998 75 ..1000 .. 998 75' 1000

Rouen to Havre.• •• • ..... 772 50 .. 777 5Q -. 772 50 777 :80

..1005

..1010

Strasburg to Bale•• •••• •... 257 50 .. 258 75 .• 255 .. 258 75
Avignon to Marseilles•• •• 738 75 '.. 783 75 . 788 75 758 75
RAILWAY SHARES; FOR THY ACCOUNT.
St. Germain
Versallles,R.B,
253 75 .. 255 .. 253 75 .• 255
Rouen . '995 ..1002'fi8 . 995 ..1000
Ronon to Ilavre•. 775 777, 50 .. 775 .. 777 50
Orleans •••.••

Strasburg to Bale ••••
Avignon to Marseilles• ••• .• 792 50 . • 792 50 .• 790 • • 790
Montpellier to Cette •••• • • • • 495 • • 497 50 "• • 495 . • 497 50

We have never in our experience of the exhibitions
of London seen anything equal, or even approaching
nearly, to the grandeur and beauty of the exhibition
of " London in the Olden Time," at the Royal Surrey
Zoological Gardens. As a picture of what London
was, it is perfect; whilst the vastness of its propor-
tions strikes .every person who sees it. The pro-
prietor of these gardens has done that which others
have attempted, but failed to achieve : and not a
stranger should visit London to see its present sights,
without also judging of the changes which time and
circumstances have produced, by contrasting it with
tfie past condition of the metropolis, as faithfully de-
picted at the Surrey Zoological Gardens. We de-
light to honour talent and to encourage public spirit ;
the artists, and the proprietor who has employed
those artists, arc deserving of all our praise, and all
the public encouragement which they must and will
receive.

ACCIDENT TO THE DUKE OF
BEAUFORT.

It gives us great pleasure to announce that the accident
which his Grace met with in Hyde Park on Wednesday-
afternoon is not likely to be attended with such serious re-
sults as were at first appreliended. The following bulletin
was issued yk?sterd,ay iu Arlington-street • • •
".Arlingtou-strect; May 30, 1844.

" His Gracethe link° of Beaufort has passed a tolerable
night, and is much better this morning; and although still
Occasionally in great pain,' no serious consequences are ap-
prehended from his Grace's accident ' .
(Signed) "FREDERICK QUIN,
- - - . " ROM', TASTON!!
BeauforthHouse :Were exceed
ingly narnerMis and during- tlle•ArtitboilAtt
court-yard of the ducal mansion was thronged by the car-
riages of the nobility and gentry.

THIS DAY'S NEWS.
THE NTATE TRIALS.

SENTENCE ON MR. O'CONNELL
AND THE OTHER TRAYERSERS.

DUBLIN COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH-
. THURSDAY, MAY 30.

At four o'clock this day sentence was pronounced
by Mr. Justice Burton upon Mr. O'Connell and the
other traversers.

The sentence upon Mr. O'Connell was TWELVE
MONTHS' IMPRISONMENT. and TWO THOU-
SAND POUNDS FINE.

The sentence upon Mr. John O'Connell, Mr. C. G.
Duffy, Mr. T. M. Ray, Dr. Gray, Mr. Richard Barrett,
and Mr. Steele, was—nine months' imprisonment, and a
fine offi fy pounds each.
Mr. O'Connell was further ordered to give sureties to
keep the peace for seven years, himself in 5,0001., and
tw,o sureties in 2,500 L each. The other traversers for
the same period to give securities in 1,0001. each, and
two sureties for 500/.

Sentence having been passed—
Mr. O'Connell immediately rose, and said that he
wished to remind the Court that he had made a solemn
affidavit, declaring that he had never entered into a con-
spiracy with the other traversers, or committed the
crime with ‘1 hich he was charged. He had now only to
say it was his painful conviction that justice had not
been done. A sudden and vociferous cheer from nearly
all parts of the Court followed this result ; and although
it was accompanied by the clapping of hands amongst
the junior bar, and was two or three times repented, the
jukiges did not interfere, although evidently displeased.
,The traversers were given into the custody of the
sheriff of the city of Dublin, to be conveyed to the Rich-
mpnd Penitentiary, on the Circular-road.

'The following is a more detailed account of the pro-
ceedings, with a full report of the speech of Mr. Justice
Burton on pronouncing sentence :
One of the most extraordinary scenes that ever took place
in a court of justice occurred this morning upon Mr. O'Con-
nell's appearance in Court. All parts of the Queen's Bench
were crowded, and more closely filled than the place assigned
to the junior members of the bar. These, with the exception
oe a few, certainly not more than four or five, rose upon Mr.
O'Connell's entrance, and commenced cheering and clapping
hands for him. Mr. O'Connell appeared to be greatly sur-
pr.ised, and was evidently deeply affected by this unloeked-
for compliment. He repeatedly bowed to the members of the
bar, who still continued applauding him, and persevered in
doing so for several minutes, despite of the repeated warnings
of the crier to preserve silence.
'lt is, we believe, the first time that a person called upon to
receive the sentence of a Court of Law has been greeted by
tlfe plaudits and cheered with the sympathy of the members
of the bar.

'At the time this scene occurred, none of the Judges were
on the Bench, nor any of the Crown or Queen's Counsel
present. •
From an'early hour in the day, all parts of the Court were
tilled ; and amongst those present we observed occupying a
seat amongst the Junior Counsel, the Right Hon. R. L. Shell,
M.P., Sir V. Blake, M.P. By the side of the.Traversers sat
Mr.. Smith O'Brien, M.P., and the distinguished Catholic
pteacher, the Rev. Dr. Miley, the Earl of Cardigan, Mr. She-
ridan Knowles, and some members of the Lord Lieutenant's
household were also in Court. • -
!The first business of the day was the discussion of a motion
on the part of the traversers that the Court should fix the
One for the sentence to commence at such a period as might
enable the traversers to have their writ of error determined
by a superior tribunal. This motion was supported by Mr.
Moore, Q.C., and Mr. Whiteside, Q.C. It was opposed by
the Attorney-General and Solicitor-General.
The COURT was unanimous in rejecting it.
Upon that decision being announced,
The. CHIEF Junius' said—Have you anything to move,
Mr. Attorney-General ?
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL--I suppose the traversers are, in
pursuance of the notice served on them last night, in attend-
ance ; and I move that sentence of the Court be pronounced
on them.
'Mr. O'Connell, who had been on one side, speaking to his
counsel, with difficulty made his way to the traversers' box,
arid, on his entrance, all the bar rose. He was followed by
the other traversers, and when their names had been seve-
rally called over,
IMr. Justice BURTON, who seemed deeply affected, then
ptoceeded to piss the sentence of the Court. So strong were
his emotions, that his utterance became, at times, perfectly
indistinct. The feelings of the Judge seemed to prevail over
all who were present, and the scene was one in which the
gteateit excitement appeared to be mingled with the
strongest sympathy and the deepest solemnity. He
commenced by observing that, in the present case, the
traversers charged upon the in having, after
a 'full, and indeed, he might add, reiterated discussion upon
all the questions arising from it, been found guilty, and the
Court having arrived at, and expressed, the opinion that
they had been lawfully convicted of the offences imputed to
them—the application made for the postponement of *the
execution of sentence having been also heard, deliberated
upon, and determined upon in support of the prosecution—
the'proceedings were now brought to that stage, in 'which
the sentence proper to the established offence and upon which
the Court had deliberated, and had come to a careful conclu-
sion, was to be pronounced. It is now, then, said he, my very
painful duty—very, very. painful, indeed, I feel' it to be—
to state what that sentence is, and as the law has
awarded it. The main offence imputed to the traversers is
that of attempting the abolition or abrogation of the legisla-
tive union, as at present subsisting, by means of a conspiracy
svihich is alleged by the indictment, and has been so found by
the jury, as formed by them, with the intention to intimidate
tie subjects of the Queen who are opposed to such a measure,
and to diminish the respect due to courts of law, as well as_to
intimidate both Houses of Parliament and the Government
of the country, as it is at present constituted. That charge
which, in the opinion of the jury had been truly and fully es-
blished, moreover stated that .the . traversers conspired to
create intimidation; and among other means, by the demon-
stration of great physical force. I do not now mean to go
into the examination of the questions of the case, or of the
particulars, by which this offence of 'conspiring to create in-
timidatiOn has been carried to the conclusion at which it has
now arrived; but' I have now to state that this offence,
as it has been charged by the indictment, and found by
the verdict ' of the jury,. is that of a very high misde-
meanor. 'A very slight degree of reflection, indeed, will
he sufficient to show any person that, in truth, it is so.
If consider' all the separate offences charged as component
parts of the conspiracy are mainly dependent upon that
which is its high offence—that is, the intent to. intimidate
and excite and to overawe, and, as it has been par-
ticularly set forth, by terror and by the display of physical
force. He here recapitulated the different parts of the
charge contained in the indictment, and then remarked that
all these offences are conducive to and 'component parts of
the same crime charged in the indictment, and found by the
jury, namely, a conspiracy to abolish the Legislative Union,
by means of the intimidation caused to various branches
and bodies of her Majesty's subjects. There were legal
means' of effecting the object; it might be effected by legal
means, that is, by an application to Parliament, and by the
ecercise of the Queen's prerogative, but the attempt to abro-
gate it, by the means charged in the indictment, and as esta-
blished against the traversers, by the verdict of the jury, is
highly criminal. The Court then has now to consider what
must be the 'punishment awarded to a crime of this descrip-
tion, and uporfthe mere statement of the case, there can, I pre-
, even among persons the best
• e ,
informedhe n dni
Belt; eonhe e
subjects,
epei /
as to its constituting a very
high misdemeanour. It is upon the establishment of that
offence against the several traversers that sentence is now to
lie pronounced. • The question has been under the considera-
tion of the Court as to what the sentence, under the circum-
stances, ought to be ; hot, I do not now mean to go into the
consideration. 'of the full consequences of the commission of
such an offence. The Court has felt itself bound to consider
all the bearings, of this case, and they have formed their
judgment accordingly. It is, then, now my duty—my painful
duty—(his Lordship here paused for a moment)—in truth, I do
find It to be a most distressing duty, to state what is the result
Of th e consultation of the Court, and which is to affect the liberty
of so many men—all of them, I believe—one, I am sure—who
stands very high in public estimation; It is, I say, particu-
larly painful for me to state it with respect to one f these to
Whose judgment as a lawyer, and as a highly informed man
in a case of such a description as the present, I, myself,
would look with the greatest reliance where others might be
concerned—with respect, then, to him, the principal tra-
verser, as compared with the other traversers now at the bar,
the Learned Gentleman himself, will, I am sure, agree with
me in considering that he stands in a peculiar position.
[There was here an audible murmur in all parts of the
Court] They have shared in the offence, they have con-
curred with him in ..the cause he has adopted ; but they
have, as the Court believe, concurred, in consideration of the
high estimation in which they hold his superior talents and
judgment, and he moreover. has accepted, acknowledged, and
taken --upon himself the avowed condition of being their
leader ; in this regard his case differs disadvantageously
from that of the other traversers.—(A movement in all parts
of the Court.) But these considerations lessen what may be
looked upon as the great guilt of their conduct, When it is
considered how far they may have been drawn into the com-
mission ef it, but the estimation in which—
Mr.
J.'O'Connell, who with his father had been sitting on
the front Queen counsel's seat, here started to his feet and said,
" Pardon me, my Lord—." The sentence, however, remained
unfinislasd, although its purport could not be mistaken—
namely, to avow his full responsibility for the part _ ho had
acted,, as being uninfluenced by any other than his own self-
convictions. His .father, however, affectionately laying his
handon his shoulder, urged bins to resume his seat. This in-
cident, which was but of momentary duration, added to the
excitement that pervaded every portion of the Court.
Mr. Justice BURTON proceeded to say—There is another
gentleman also before the - Court;—l mean the son of the
principal traverser—a gentleman of acknowledged talent, of
great legal attainments, in high estimation, and with whom
I am personally acquainted, and of whose general conduct I
have a high opinion. In his case, also, the principal
traverser will see circumstances strongly in . his favour
from the near relationship in which he stands to-
wards him. There is one circumstance in this case which I
cannot but state, and I cannot but state it with what—l was
going to say—pleasure, but I can scarcely say I have a right
to use such a word as that on the present occasion ; but in
the situation in which I am placed, I do think it right and
just to state one thing as regards the
principal traverser, and
that is, that the conspiracy, or those conspiracies, with those
intents or illegal means—illegal as I consider them to be to
the full extent charged in the indictment—illegal as I con-
ceive them, to have been with respect to, the. dreadful effects
they might, have had, and the very serious effects
they certainly have had upon the condition of the
subjects of this kingdom ; but still I feel that
there was one circumstance. M
all those things, .
which I dp feel it to be my duty to observe upon, and that is
this—the main proceeding, or proceedings, for the purpose of
this
perfectlyc a r r y n g
establishedt
- whichb y t
sivlase
6tloiediirogdesi,n, and as it has been
inti-
midation to overawe the Queen's suobiljeliCtsjuorSrpl%o wasso d
by
to
measure of a dissolution of the union, . and to extend their
intimidation so far, as to overawe the Legislature, A part
of their means was to call together great ,multitudinous
meetings of the public—meetings which I believe got the ap-
pellationof "monster meetings" from
themselves, or from
some otherg. Those meetings then were proceeded,with the
avowed notion of showing the great
power, the' great
ence, the irresistible influence and pow er of those per-
sons, who put themselves under the command of the principal
traverser. These meetings must necessarily have been at-
tended to the great terror of all the Queen s subjects in the
neighbourhood in which the assemblages took place, and the

Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-
office, from the governor of Gibraltar.

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVEN'iI-,

great authority, the unresisted, perhaps the irresistible autho-
rity of him who has been the leader, prevented any outrage
or breach of the peace; and certainly, numerous as those
Meetings had been such was the case. lam convinced that
the principal traverser intended to carry his great object,
the repeal of the Union, nit, I do not say, without
violent means, nor without exciting terforg but
without any infraction of the public peace, and without
shedding a single drop of blood. Ido believe that the prin-
cipal traverser had this intention firmly in his mind, b.nd that
it was the great influence and the great authority that he
possessed with the parties who joined with him in his design
that enabled him to do so—that enabled him to preserve the
peace unbroken. But, then, let it never be forgotten that a
man, with all the motives, and all the desires that could
actuate a human being—that a person, who would no more
do an act of violence, or least of all an act of bloodshed,
nor do it himself no more than he would authorise
another person—let it never be forgotten that a person
possessing the authority, and having that design, can
never tell nor know how long he can keep that, or keep
the country, or the parts of the country over which he pre-
sides, or has influence, from the evils of rebellion and the shed-
ding of blood. It does not depend upon him, it cannot do so.
Several passages in the speech of the principal traverser
showed that this feeling, or something like it, was on his
mind, when he made speeches for the purpose of putting
down violence. He stated, over and over again, that it must
take place, that it should take place, and that he would only
remain their leader as long as they continued peaceable ;
he said that repeal should be carried, and he added,
that be hoped and trusted it would be carried without
bloodshed, and he called upon them not to commit
violence, for, if they did so, he would cease to be their
leader ; that during his lifetime there,should with his con-
sent be no violence, but that when he ceased to be their
leader, either by his death, or finding it impossible to con-
trol them, they would then be left to themselves. All these
expressions shewed how anxious was his desire by every
means in his power to preserve peace ; and whether he ex-
pressed it or not, that was the effect of all he said and did.
Under these circumstances, however deeply we must lament
the misery of awarding exemplary punishment to such a per-
son, still there are circumstaeces to be taken into
consideration—and that do not lessen the crime of
conspiracy, as it was stated in the indictment, and
found by the jury. All these constitute a high misdemeanor
deserving a severe punishment. It is a high misdemeanor,
most culpable, most dangerous— dangerous to an extent, I
might say, approaching in its tendency to civil war. It,
therefore, of necsssity, leads to severe and signal punishment.
In according that punishment, the Court feels that however
great the offence has been—however dangerous to the
public welfare—however necessary the punishment to be
inflicted—however considering that the crime could
have led, and did lead, to convulsions of the public
mind, the effects of which are yet to be seen—still
the Court feels that it is not to be led away either by feelings
of indignation, nor by any desire to inflict punishment for
punishment's sake ' • but that it behoved us to bring our minds
free and unbiassed from external influence to the subject. A
crime has been committed which calls for exemplary.punish-
ment likely to prevent the same persons from committing the
same offence again, and to deter others of the same views
from the perpetration of similar acts. For myself, and I may,
I think, add, all the Court—;l am sure that their minds
have been brought into exactly the proper state
to consider the case. We are bound to award punishment of
an exemplary kind ; but, at the same time, determined not
to suffer any opinion of our own as to the offence to guide us
in the sentence, but strictly to examine and conclude upon
the character of that offence. With these views the Court
have come to the judgment now determined upon, and
which I am about to pronounce. The Learned Judge here
paused, burst into tears, and when he was able to resume, ut-
tered in almost inaudible tones, these words:-" With re-
spect to the principal traverser, the Court is of opinion that
he must be sentenced to be imprisoned for the space
of twelve calendar months, and that he is further to be fined
in the sum of 2,oool.—(Loud cries of " Oh, oh" in various
parts of the Court)—and bound in his own recognisances in
the sum of 5,0001., and two sureties in 2,5001., to keep the
peace for seven years. With respect to the other traversers,
we have come to the conclusion that to each shall be allotted
the same sentence; which is, that they, be imprisoned for the
space of nine calendar months, each of them to pay 501. fine,
and enter into their own recognisances of 1,0001., and two
sureties of 5001., to keep the peace for seven ytars.
After the lapse of a few moments,
Mr. O'Connell rose, and leaning over the table towards the
bench, thus addressed the Judges—l beg to remind your
Lordships, that I made a solemn affidavit, denying for myself
and on the part of the other traversers, 'that I had entered
into any crime of conspiracy with them ; and it is now with
great regret that I, have to express that I am under the
• painful conviction that justice has not been done.—(Load
cheers here broke forth from all parts of the Court. The
Judges, but particularly the Chief Justice, looked around
them as if utterly. confounded by this outburst of popular
feeling. The cheering was continued for a few minutes, and,
as it was about to subside, was again renewed in obedience to
the call of " One cheer more." The Chief Justice looked
eagerly to the gathering, as if desirous of identifying one of
the disturbers. If such were his intention, he soon aban-
doned it,' for he flung himself back in his chair, where he re-
mained until the tumult had completely subsided.)
A consultation took place in a low tone of voice between
Mr. Justice Burton and Mr. O'Connell as to the place of con-
finement. They are, we understand, for Mr. O'Connell, the
Richmond Penitentiary; for the 'other traversers the City
Marshalsea, as being within the limits of the place wherethey
were tried.

„
At half-past four o'clock, when our reporter left. the Court,
Mr. O'Connell was in the custody of the High Sheriff for the
city. He was still within the walls of the Court, in which
there were large bodies of the police. All sides of the Court
—all the approaches to it—were invested by a large multi-
tude. The greatest excitement prevailed in all parts of Dub-
lin, but no apprehension was entertained as to any violation
of the public peace.
A proclamation had been universally circulated in all parts
of Dublin ; it was published by order of Mr. O'Connell, and
was an exposition in the strongest language to ” peace and
qUietness."— Chronicle.

The following address to the people of Ireland, from Mr.
O'Connell, was published and posted through the city this
morning, in anticipation of sentence being passed in the
course of the day
" PEACE AND QUIET.

" People of Ireland—Fellow-Countrymen—Beloved Feb
low-Countrymen—The sentence is passed. But there is an
appeal from that sentence.
" The appeal lies to the House of Lords.
" I solemnly pledge myself to bring an appeal against that
sentence, and I assure you there is every prospect that it will
be reversed. _ •

"Peace, then, and quiet. Let there be not one particle of
riot, tumult, or violence.
" This is the crisis in which it will be shown whether the
people of Ireland will obey me or not.
" Any person who violates the law, or is guilty of any vio-
lence, insult, or injury to person or property, violates my
command, and shows himself an enemy to me and a bitter
enemy to Ireland. '
" The people of Ireland—the sober, steady, honest, religious
people of Ireland—have hitherto obeyed my commands, and
kept quiet.
" Let every man stay at home. Let the women and chil-
dren stay at home. Do not 'crowd the streets, and, in parti-
cular, let no man approach the precincts of the Four Courts.
" Now, people of Dublin, and people of Ireland generally,
I shall know, and the world will know, whether you love and
respect me or not. Show your love and regard for me, by
your obedience to the law—your peaceable conduct—and the
total avoidance of any riot or violence.
"PEACE, ORDER, QUIET, TRANQUILLITY.
" Preserve the peace, and the Repeal cause will necessarily
be triumphant.
" Peace and quiet I ask for in my name, and as you re-
gard me.
" Peace and quiet I ask for in the name of Ireland, and as
you love your native land.
" Peace—quiet—order, I call for under the solemn sanction
of religion. I conjure you to observe quiet, and I ask it in
the adorable name of the ever living God.
" Gratify me and your friends, by your being quiet and
peaceable.
" The enemies of Ireland would be delighted at your vio-
lating the peace, or being guilty of any disorder.
" Disappoint them—gratify and delight -by peace,. order,
and quiet, your ever faithful friend,
DANIEL 'O'CONNELL.
4 Corn Exchange Rooms, 30th May, 1844."

CHANCERY.-(THIS DAY.)
The Lord Chancellor sat to-day shortly after ten o'clock.

Lei TILE MATTER OF DYCE SOMBRE, A LUNATIC.
Our readers will recollect that this matter, which was men-
tioned yesterday, was ordered to stand over till this morning.
Upon the case being called on,
Mr. BETHELL, who appeared as counsel for the committee
of the person a the lunatic, Mrs. Dyce Sombre, stated that
his client, considered it was necessary and right before the
petition was heard, that the medical gentlemen who had
given evidence before the Commissioner, should have a fur-
ther opportunity of seeing Mr. Dyce SOmbre.
Mr. WALPOLE, who was counsel together with Sir Thomas
Wilde and Mr. Wakefield for Mr. Dyce Sombre, could not in
the absence of his leaders give any undertaking, and if any
application was to be 'made he must request the Court to
allow it to stand over. _ _ _

Some considerable diScussion then took place, after which
it was finally arranged that the hearing of the petitioner
should peremptorily take place on the first day the Court sat
atter the end of the present term.
The Loan CHANCELLOR ordered that, in the meantime,
every requisite accommodation and comfort should be afforded
to Mr. I)yce Sombre.

IN THE MATTER OF THE PRINCESS 13ARIATTNIJKL A LUNATIC'
This matter was ordered to stand over, for the purpose of
seeing whether some arrangement could not be made to place
the unfortunate individual, the subject of the Commission, in
a private asylum.
The COURT then proceeded with the other lunatic petitions
in the paper.

QUEEN'S BENCH.-(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
The Court took the special paper to-day, and was engaged
the whole morning in hearing arguments relating solely to
mere technical points of practice.

BOW-STREET.-(THIS DAY.)
Mary Anne Smith was charged before Mr. Jardine with
stealing two sheets, two pillow-cases, and divers other arti-
cles, the property of John Murphy.
The prisoner lodged in the house of the prosecutor, and the
articles in question were missed from her room. It was,
however, found impossible to trace the articles, as, upon in-
quirv, it was discovered that almost every pawnbroker in
London held pledges from persons of the name of Smith. In
the course of the search, it was discovered that some pawn-
brokers held as many as 500 pledges in the name of Smith.
Under these circumstances, it was found impossible to bring
the charge home to the prisoner, and she was accordingly dis-
charged.

CLERKENWELL.—(THIS DAY.)
A cabman, badge 189, was charged by his employer, Mrs.
Penevint,. a cab-owner, residing in Silver-street, Bloomsbury,
with the following outrageous conduct :
It appeared, from the evidence, that the prisoner had
not been more than a few days in Mrs. Penevint's employ-
ment when he was sent out with a chaise. He left the yard
with the chaise at eleven o'clock yesterday morning, and
nothing was heard of him until nine o'clock last night, when
the complainant waS informed that the prisoner was drunk in
a public-house. She inimediately dispatched Lea Pigeon,
lier stableman, to bring home the cab and horse, but when
the messenger arrived neither cabman or vehicle were any-
where to be found. At three o'clock this morning the pri-
soner came home, in a beastly state of intoxication, without
either cab or horse. Mrs. Penevint asked him where they
were, but the fellow said he knew nothing whatever about
them. He was leaving the yard when Mrs. l'eneviut gave
him into custody. About an hour afterwards three strange
*len brought home the-cab-and horseovhich they had found-
in Charlotte-street, Bloomsbury, without guidance.
The prisoner said that he had bean very sick, and was not
drunk.

Penevint said she had been informed that the pri-
soner was in the habit of alleging sicknesa as an excuse when

there Wert no gru—
given her a farthing forlnu
contracted to pay 9s. L or ten
The Magistrate sentenced hinisto pay a tile ,
days' imprisonment.

,ends whatever for it. The prisoner hadnot
ge of her vehicle although he

MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.)

CORN-EXCHANGE--FRIDAY.

A very limited supply of English Wheat has come to hand
here since Monday, hence the stands were poorly filled with
samples. For most descriptions the demand was very steady
at fully previous rates. }or free Foreign Wheat, there was
an improved inquiry, at full currencies. In bonded parcels,
we heard of no transactions. Foreign Barley, which was in
small supply, found ready buyers, at full prices. In English
qualities but little was doing. Superfine Malt was in active
request, at full quotations, the value of other kinds being
supported. Oats, Beans, Peas, and Flour were quite as dear,
with a steady inquiry.

ARRIVAL%
Wheat. Barley. Oats. Flour
Dr' 3,130 qrs. 340 qrs. 2.870 qrs. 3,4.50 sacks
- 3,760 -
F0reign.......... 10,950 5,.41 2,•,a0
alt, 3,780 qrs.

SMITIifEeLD.
Our market was, the time of year considered, very scantily
supplied with Beasts as to numbers, while the quality was
inferior to that exhibited for some time past. The primest
Scots, 200 of which came to hand, bysea, from Scotland, found
buyers at fully Monday's quotations ; but in other breeds
next to nothing was doing. The number of Sheep were
small, owing to which the Mutton trade was active, and, in
some instances, prices had an upward tendency. In Lambs,
the supply of which was only moderate, a fair business was
doing at full currencies. Calves hang heavily on hand, but
were not cheaper. Pigs moved off slowly, at late rates.
Milch Cows sold heavily, at from 161 to 1915 s each.
Per 8114. to sink the offal. _ _

s d. to s.l. s. d. to s. d.
Inferior Beasts 2 6 2 F Second qualitydltte... 3 2 3 4
Second quality ditto 2lO 3 0 Coarse-woolled ditto.. 3 6 2 8
Prime large Oxen 3 2 3 6 Southdown Wethers 3 10 4 0
Prime Scots, &c. -
1 arge coarse Calves 3 4 4, 0 Large Hogs
Prime small ditto 4 2 4 8 Small Porkers.— ... . 3 8 4 0
Suckling Calves, each 13 0 28 0 Quirter old Pigs, eachl6 0 20 0
Inferior Sheep
2 8 3• Lambs . —..............• 4 8 5 8
SUPPLY' AT MARKBT.
Beasts. I Sheep. Calves. I Pigs.
563 11,730 I 824 370
2WMIXTGATS AND LEADENTIALL.

We had full average supplies of slaughtered Meat, while the
demand was throughout heavy, at barely stationary prices.

At per stone: by the Car-case. -
s. d. to s. s. 41. to s. d.
Beef, inferior 2.2 2 4 Mutton, inferior 2 6 2
-- middling 2 6 2 B middling.... 210 3
-prime large, 2lO 3 0 prime ..... 3 2 310
prime small S 2 3 4 Pork, 2 6 3 4
Veal 3 4 4 6 3 2 4 111
• Lamb, 4a 4d to 5s ed.
BOROUGH 110 P MARKET.
From most of the plantations in Kent and Sussex our ac-
counts still continue gloomy, the fly being as prevalent as
ever, hence the demand here for all kinds of Hops is very firm,
and prices are well supported. The duty is estimated at
from 85,0001. to 90,0001.