The Sun.
London, England, 1821-12-27 00:00:00

true; but afterwards the curtain drops, and we
return to Greece.

We dislike as much as most persons useless ad-
vice ; yet 'we could cite more than one instance
to prove to M. de TheiS that we do not demand
impossibilities by requiring greater interest.—
There are plays which pourtray the passi,ms
alone ; others which develope characters, and a
third description for the inculcation of moral.
truths. Many of these have been eminently suc-
cessful ; and we do not see Why M. de Theis
should not in like manner have dramatized the,
subjects of his work.

Living beings, we must have life every where ;
we must fear and hope, and follow a character
through the chances of existence. In an affect.
ing situation, every circumstance strikes, the
most trifling interest us ; we expect and require
them all ; he therefore who has many to•- relate
ought to make them impatiently desired, if he
wishes they should be well received. For this •
reason we have recourse to the 4rima,_that is to
say life, to interest man and to captivate his at-
tention.

We have begun with the faults of this work,
and shall finish with its merits of every kind.—
So important a composition deserves the greatest
impartiality, and such has been and shall be our
study. C.

LORD BYRON.

The following narrative is the historical foun•
dation of the Tragedy intitled, THE Two Fos-.
cam, one of the three recent productions of this

Nobleman :

Foscari, son of the Doge of that name, having offended the
Senate of Venice by the commission of some juvenile impru.
dences in that city, was, by their Orders, put into temporary
confinement at Treviso : when Almor Donato, one of the coun.

cil of ten, was assassinated on the sth Nov. 1750, as he entered

his own house. Foscari's footman (OliVier), had been observ....
ed loitering near Donato's palace on the night of the murder ;
conscious, probably, that this solitary circumstance would give
rise to his apprehension, and dreading the unappeasable fury
of his judges, he fled from Venice the next morning. This
act, combined with other trifling coincidences, created a strong

suspicion that Foscari had employed his servant to commit the
murder. After seizing Olivier, and putting him to the most
cruel tortures, without extracting from him any thing but re- , -
pcated protestations of his total ignorance of the transaction, fae
council of ten cited his master Foscari before them, and treated' '
him in the same barbarous and unjustifiable manner. His •
assertions of innocence, while' under the endurance of the rack, '
were but slightly attended to by his merciless judges. " They ,
convinced the Court of his firmness, but by no means of
his innocence." Still, however, they could . not sentence
to death the son of one of the -noblest families in Verric.,
without something like a , legal proof of .his guilt; .they .
accordingly satisfied their thirst of vengeance for the assassin
ation of their colleague, by banishing him to Canea, in the
..
island of Candia. The unfortunate youth bore his exile witia.-
More impatience' than he had done the tack ; lie often wrote to
his friends, praying thein to intercede, on his behalf, that tine. --
term of his banishment might be abridged, and that be might
be permitted to return to his fain4yhefore he died. All these ,
applications were fruitless. At the end of five years' exile, .
having given up all hope of return through the intercession- •
of his own family or 'countrymen, 'he wrote to the Du'k of.
Milan, reminding him of services. rendered to that prince .hr`
his father, and urging him to exert his. powerful influence Wier
the government of Venice, to obtain a remission of his sentence. '7
This letter was intrusted to a merchant joUrne•yingfrom Caeesee
to that capital,. who; instead of. forwarding .it to the Ihikein
his arrival at Venice, treacherously laid it befiire the e.:Ouned'of'
ten. It should herebe premised, that; 'by the lais Of the Ves
netian republic, its subjects were strictly enjoined, under !qee,.
severest penalties, from applying secretly, or.otherwise, fors-the '
protection of foreign princes, in any matters referring to' ftle
decisions of their own court of judicattire.• The coneeqnence4:
the infringement of this edict in young Foscari, was, that '.he-.
was immediately remanded from Camlia, and Incarcerated 'hi
the prison for state criminals at Venice; 'fromwhence Ie wee.
once more brought up to be put to the torture, in order tOelteir..,
from him the motives by which he had been actuated, in ade
dressing the Duke of Milan. In answer to this inquity,...hc
declared, that; conscious of the perfidy 'of his messenger, ai
as well as of the punishment that would, in all proleability,
follow his offence, in endeavouring to conciliate the 'good orfi-
ccs of a foreign prince, he had, in a fit of despair, addressed the
Duke of Milan, as lie foresaw that 'it would occasion
his removal to Venice ; the' only. opportunity. that was -ever
likely to be afforded him of obtaining an interview with h=are-
lathes and friends ; a consummation which he protested he
most ardently desired, although it were only to be purchased by
his death. This 'act of filial piety availed him but little with
his inquisitors. He was ordered back to Candle, there to...re-
main in close confinement for the space of one year-; belideS
which, his banishment from Venice to that place was. made per-
petual ; and a threat held out to him, • that if he solicited agein
in any way, either directly or indirectly; the aid of totem
princes, his imprisonment should only terminate with hiilke.
The father of Foscari had filled the office of Mee for thirty
years; but, notwithstanding the influence which so exalted a
situation ought to have created for him with the senate, in a
case of such flagrant injustice as the condemnation of,his son',
'(without any proof, or even reasonable grounds for, suspecting
him Of the offence which had been laid to his charge), he was
unable to obtain from the council any remission of:the young
man's plinishanent. Ile however, visited his son in the palate -
wherein he was confined during his stay at Veriiceeand exhorted -
him to bear with fortitude the evil; however severean4 unde-
served, for which there was no remedy. " His ion ieplied,
(says Dr. Moore), that he was incapable of attending .A) the
advice of his father ; that, however others could suppArtsthe
dismal loneliness of a prison, he could not ; that hii heart was
formed for friendship and the reciprocal endearments 'OP-frivate
life, without which his soul sank into dejection writsa tharieleath,
from which alone he should look for rejief, if he, should. be
a• •
again confined to the horrors of a prison ; and, melting into
tears, he sank at his father's feet, imploring .him tO,take roma
passion on a son who bad ever loved him with the most elutifu/
affection, and who was perfectly innocent of the.crime of which
he was accused ; he conjured him to use his inilnence with the
Council to mitigate the sentence, that he might be saved from
the most cruel of all deaths, that of expiring under the slow
tortures of a broken heart, in a banishment from every creature
be loved."
This affecting appeal rendered the . grief of die tiahappy
father still more acute, who was well. aware how fruitless would
be his endeavours in his son's behalf. Unable to Support the
anguish of a separation under such distressing circumstances,
the old man sunk into a state of insensibility, from which he
did not recover until the vessel, that was.to bear his son once
more to exile, had spread its sails for Candid. The grief of his
aged Consort has been movingly described by those who.have
taken upon themselves the record of this melancholy history.—
The oyerwhebning misery of these unfortunate parents inte-
rested, at length, one or two' of the most powerful et' the sena-
tors ; who applied with so much earnestness for the pardon of
the young Foscari, that they were on the point of accoillplishing-
their object, when information arrived from Candia, that' the
noble-hearted youth had expired in prison, a few months after
his return.
It was not until some time had elapsed, that the re3l mur-
derer was discovered. Nicholas Ernizzo, a Venetian of high
rank, being a few years, afterwards upon his. deathebed,
tl
con-
fessed thae,in revenge for a supposed affront:put Upon him by
the 'senator Donato. •lic had committed the,. assasematio for,
which Foscarihadl a'great measure undergone the ern...-
Before this disclatitire took place; the sonows of elle aged ge
were at an end: - Ile died a .f6V-Iln&atta:after4hie3olla. ~,.
1 q;!.1 ,: :.z,' i ,'• .4,7. . 1::%:,,.....
.2

S:1!)

.b r:.'

,

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

PARIS, DEC. 2.l.—Last night several expresses
arrived at Paris from Constantinople.

The Universal Gazelle publishes, under the
head of Sernlin, the following news:-
14 We have this instant received intelligence
from travellers just arrived from Belgrade, which
may be relied on. On the 4th December, they
say, eight Tartars sent from Constantinople to
the Paella of Belgrade arrived in quick succes-
sion. The7Pacha shut hithself up in his.seraglio,
mhich is a sign of extreme grief among the Turks.
The report was soon spread that a great revolution
had broken out at Constantinople; many Chris-
tians had been massacred in the quarter of Para,
acid the Sultan Mahmond himself had petished
by the hands of the Janissaries."

FRENCH FUNDS.
Dec. 22, Five per Cents.
• - Bank Sto,:k 142 1. 50 c.

VIE' NAB DEC. 12.—Yesterday, after the arri-
vz.l of a courier from the Turkish frontiers, a re-

port was spread concerning a revolt of the Janis-

saries at Constantinople. It was said, according

to some, that this revolt had cost the Grand
Seignor and his eldest son their lives ; and, ac-
cording to others, had only caused the death of
llaleb Effendi, the favourite of the Sultan: This

report was founded on private letters from Sem-,
lin,from Belgrade, and from Peterwaradin.

Letters from Pest speak also of a courier, the
bearer of the same news, having passed through

that city. But the silence of our journals this
day on an event of so much importance, requires
that it should be doubted until it is fully con-
firmed. If this silence should continue three

days, the news can only be considered as a pious
wish of the Greeks. The next post from Con-

stantinople can bring nothing o❑ this subject, as
the letters will not be later than the 26th of No-
vember.— (Gazette Universel,)
FRANKFORT, DEC. ll.—lt seems that Con-
stantinople was the theatre of important events
at the close of November. It is believed that

the great question is decided ; for it is positively
asserted that the Janissaries, after committing
many assassinations, seized on the Government,
so that the Divan were prevented from accepting
the Ultimatum of Russia. This insurrection

took place on the 27th November. On the 21st
the two Princes Callimachi were beheaded, and

their heads publicly exposed the same day, a

the Seraglio.
According to the latest news from the Morea,
a Greek ship has brought to Calamatta, besides
a quantity of munitions of war, the happy intelli-
gence of a great victory gained by Odysseus
over the Turks. Three Pachas were wounded,
a fourth with 400 Turks were killed, and 800
were made prisoners. This victory, as well
as that gained previously near Cassandra,
have been celebrated by religious festivals.

Odysseus has been acknowledged General in
Chief of the Hellenes in Thessaly and Macedonia,

and honoured with the name of the Spartan. The
High Senate has resolved on granting to all the
Turks who embrace Christianity protection, and
to guarantee to them the enjoyment of their
property.
The Insurgent Greeks in Candia have made
rapid progress. They have shut up the Vacha
and ,the Turkish Authorities in the town of
Candia, and have gained possession of the Castle
,uf .Kaatabusa, one of the principal points of the
i slap d

The Persian army continues its march in
the interior of Asiatic Turkey. The town
of Trebizond, so celebrated in chivalry, is
fallen into the power of the Persians. A Turkish
corps posted near Erzerum has been completely
destroyed, after having lost all its artillery.
The Greeks are now occupied in forming a
regular government. It is proposed to proclaim
a Greek federative republic, with a President at
its head. Prince Demetrius Ypsilanti is de-

signed for this post. Six States are to form the
Itepublic, viz. The Morea, Livadia, Thessaly,
Macedonia, Epirus, and the islands.
tie ,learn from the banks of the Dnieper, that
the Grand Dukes Nicholas and Michael, who
command each a brigade of the Imperial Guard,
Lave quitted Petersburgh for their respective
destinations. The publication of the Emperor's
manifesto against Turkey is expected at the
head-quarters at Minsk.
A.4(.1511U1ta, DEC. 19.—Since the last dis-
patches received by the Court of Vienna from
Turkey, the Austrian cordon of troops on the
southern frontiers have received reinforcements.
A certain number of regiments are marching into
Transylvania and the Bukowine. All these ar-
rangements contribute singularly to confirm the
report current at Vienna, that the Government
has received intelligence that war between the
Porte and Russia will shortly break out.
PETERSB.URGII, Nov. 9.9.—We have this tno-
meut received accounts of extraordinary move-
ments in the second army. Every thing announces
the approaching opening of the campaign. Ac-
cording to the opinion of the Generals and offi-
cersl-who have already served against Turkey,
the winter, far from retarding operations, is more
favourable for them than the summer.
BERLIN, DEC. 10,—A half-official paper as-
serts that there is no foundation whatever for the
report which has been spread, that, iu case of
-war between Russia and Turkey, Prussia is to
furnish an auxiliary corps of 30,000 men, or sub-
sidies.in the room of it.
BRUSSELS, DEC. 19.-The accounts from the
sea-coast give the most afflicting details of the
disasters caused by the tempest which contirmed
with 4o much violence for. several days on the
coait of the Netherlands. Some vessels have
eica4ieil
.with the loss of their anchors, cables,
6104, and cargoes : others have been greatly da-
logettin the and others have totally perish-
ed. ttsnottg othert, a brig and a koff loaded with

N% heat, have been foundered off Wangerog and
Borkum, and, only two men of the crew of the last

saved themselves. -Another brig and a kofi' pe-
rished near Shiermonikoog, and a third brig near
the island of Aineland. Seven or eight damaged
vessels have been driven on the coast of Delful.

A Russian ship of war is stranded near the
Vriesche Cat ; she has, however, been brought
to Zoutkamp, but with the loss of all her masts.
The Cartliagena, Captain G. Kind, bound from
Porto Rico to Amsterdam, has perished on the
Scarhorn. A bottle has been found on the sand

near !lustful, containing a letter from this Cap-
tain, dated the Ist of December, from which it
seems that he endeavoured to save himself, with
his crew, in the long-boat, but in vain. He
writes, that during nine days that the storm con-
tinued he had been three times on the coast of
Holland, without being able to obtain a coasting
pilot; that at last, on the 30th of November,
after having lost the best
_part of his sails, he ar-
rived in sight of Heligoland, hoping to get into
the Elbe the next day, and to procure a pilot,
but_ that the storm having driven him off again
during the night, he gave up himself and his
crew for lost, and that in these circumstances he
wrote this letter, that those persons who were
interested might be informed of his fate. Lastly,
accounts from Ileligoland of the 27th of Novem-
ber say, that two sloops and two other vessels
had succeeded in towing in a three-masted ves-
sel which was drifting with the current, and full
of water; it had Swedish colours, and was laden
with timber. It is supposed to be the Provi-
dence, and that the crew escaped on board
another vessel near Zanderland, where she first
stranded. _

MADRID, DEC. 13.—1 n the sitting of the
Cortes of the 11th, the discussion upon the Re-
port of the Committee appointed to examine into
the state of the country was commenced. Se-
veral members claimed to be heard, but Count
Florez Estrada was the first who spoke on the
question. lie was opposed to this report, and
justified his opposition on the following di-
lemma :—" Are the prerogatives of the Crown
(said he) attacked or not? In the first case, the
authors of so great a crime deserve the severest
punishment. If they have not been attacked,
why have the commission proclaimed that dis-
obedience exists? In sanctioning this report,
we prove to the whole of Europe that we neither
know how to value the liberties of the people,
or to respect the dignity of the Throne. The ene-
mies of the constitutional system will say that
the Cortes is composed of Jacobins, who coun-
tenance anarchy, since they only stigmatize with
the epithet disobedient those who compromise
entire provinces, by inspiring them with distrust
of the Government." .

Quiroga (who spoke on this occasion) said,
that " if the people of Cadiz had wandered from
the constitutional path, the dangers they had
suffered in the cause of liberty should be allowed
in palliation of their offence." The sitting being
declared permane it until its object should be at-
tained, several me,-nbers were heard. The first
part of the report was approved by 140 voices
against 48. The sitting was not terminated till a
quarter past eight in the evening. A discussion
on the second part of the report would take place
immediately.
A deputation of the Cortes waited on the King
on the 12th, to present the address of the Cortes
to his Majesty, disapproving of, the conduct of the
Political Chiefs, and the Commandants-General,
who refused to acknowledge the Authorities ap-
pointed by the King to supersede them. His Ma-
jesty returned the following answer :
" The satisfaction with which I received the
address of the Cortes calms a portion of the grief
I experience from the causes which produced this
message. A disobedience to my authority, exer-
cised within constitutional limits, is an evil which
ought to be stifled in its birth, otherwise the
Constitution will be endangered."
After the King's message had been read to the
Cortes, the President announced that the second
part of the report of the Committee appointed to
consider the King's message would be read.
—ln this second part, which is very long,
the Committee are of opinion that, though
the late dtiorders are in a great measure
to be attributed to the governed, yet the
conduct of the Ministers also contributed to pro-
duce these events ; it censures their conduct in
very strong terms, and accuses them of having
done every thing in their power to agitate instead
•of calming the public mind, in support of which
assertions they adduce many instances. It con-
cludes by recommending another message to be
addressed to the King, expressing :-
Ist. That, in order to calm the fears and dis-
trust of the public, and to give the government
the strength it needs, it is desirable his Majesty
should deign to make such changes in his Mi-
nistry as are imperiously demanded by circum-
stances.
2. That if, to repair the evils and abuses men-
tioned in the report, his Majesty should deem some
legislative measures necessary,the Cortes are ready
to discuss any plans of law which his Majesty
shall propose.
After a slight discussion, the Cortes decided
that the report of the Committee should be taken
into consideration on the following day.

According to the most recent letters from Ma-
drid, a strong persuasion existed in quarters
where the best information was attainable, that
some of the Ministers at least, on whose weak-
ness and indiscretion were charged the disputes
in Andalusia, must retire from office. Among
the returns of Deputies to the Cortes, it happens
singularly enough that Riego has been chosen
one of the members for the province of Asturias.
The other Deputies, one of whom is Arguelles,
are firm constitutionalists. The election of Riego
is justly considered an event of some importance.
By taking his seat in the Cortes, he will cease to
be the centre of disaffection in the country, and
his influence bej diminished to a single vote in
that assembly. The report circulated in Paris of
two Spanish regiments having fought in Anda-
lusia is shewn to have been wholly without foun-
dation.