The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-31 00:00:00

of Sir.CharlesMetcalfe than he had of the Noble Lord.
He attributed -all the unpopularacts of Sir Charles net:
cello to the influence exercised: over him by the Noble
Lord the Secretary for the Colonies: There was an at-
tempt made ,to deprive the people of Canada of their
rights ; but if they allowed the policy of Sir Charles
Metcalfe to be carried out, Canada would 'be a happy
and a prosperous colony.
Mr. C. BULLER, said that no one could feel more
deeply than he did the consequences of any-decision of
the House of Commons which might tend to create or,
to widen a breach between 'Canada and' the mother
country. It was the plain, obvious, and fixed object' of
Lord Durham to reconcile the differences which were...
existing or stipposed to exist. 'He thought- that the
House should pause before they interfered with the
principles which had been agreed to by Parliament, and'
had been accepted by the Canadians. He thought it
was a difficult thing to determine where the prerogative
of the Crown was to be limited. He had been exceed-
ingly satisfied at the general explanation given by the
Noble Lord, as to the principles of responsible govern-
ment. He believed that the Noble Lord thought that
the government of Canadi should be carried
on by parties that had the confidence of the
Assembly. He did not suppose that the. Noble
Lord would say that in the subordinate 'depart-
ments it would be necessary for the Governor
to apply to the mother country. He agreed with the
general principle, that the people of Canada, with the
assent of all, might have the benefit of a responsible
government. Nothing had been done by Sir Charles
Metcalfe that at all interfered with responsible govern-
ment. He could not see how the Executive Government
could be called upon to ask the opinion of the Executive
Council upon every appointment that was made ; those
who made such a demand could not, he was sure, be
acquainted with the principles they wished to support.
It was said by the Executive Council, that they resigned
in consequence of Sir C. Metcalfe having made a great
number of appointments without their advice. Now what
was the fact ? Why that when the members of the
Council were challenged to point out a single appointment
that had been made without their knowledge only one
could be found, and the member of the Council who had
named that one was obliged to come down the next day
and state that even that appointment had received the
assent of the Executive Council. But then it was said
.that the appointment 'of the President of the Council,
which was equal to the office of Lord Chancellor, was
made without the approbation of the Executive Council,
and that they had resigned on that account. NOW, for
his own part, he did not believe that that appointment,
which in the then existing state of the country Sir C. Met-
calfe was obliged to make, was the real cause of their
resignation. It was true, that the Governor, not
wishing to throw himself into the hands of his op-
ponents, had not filled up some of the Government offices.
It was also said that this matter was settled by the
Montreal election—that that was decisive. But several
gentlemen had given in a full adherence to Sir C. Met-
calfe since that event, and he did not think that the Go-
vernor-General could be blamed for his conduct in that
election, which arose, probably, from his want of know-
ledge of the worst features of a representative govern-
ment in a country where they resorted with less scruple
to personal violence than in any other country in the
world. There was a row and a tumult ; every respect-
able person who went up to vote had his clothes torn off his
back, and great numbers were prevented from voting at all.
On the last day of the election voters were obliged to go
up to the booths between two lines of military. The
Hou. and Learned Gentleman had described his conduct
as part of a systematic crusade against the principle of
Parliamentary government ; and he had noticed also
the case of Nova Scotia and the conduct of Lord Falk-
land. But Mr. Howe—a good authority—had, in the
Assembly of Nova Scotia, vindicated the conduct of Sir
C. Metcalfe. and had declared that the cases in Nova
Scotia and Canada were totally distinct, and that all the
difficulties in Canada had arisen from a blundering Ad-
ministration. For himself he was convinced, looking at the
whole matter, with no bias against the gentlemen who had
just gone out, and with no indifference to the principle of
Parliamentary government, his firm conviction was that
the error in this case was on the part of those who had
quarrelled with Sir. Charles Metcalfe. Though he did
not approve of all the principles laid down by him, he
believed that, 'as the controversy proceeded, he had
gradually adopted more fully, and expressed more accu
rately, the right principles on which he thought he
ought to take his stand. The question was, which party
ought to triumph in this contest, and which party must
triumph. That question would be greatly complicated
if the Canadian Parliament should, on its re-assembling,
declare its approbation of the conduct of the members of
the Executive Council, refuse to recognise any other,
and attempt to force the late one back, on the Governor-
General. Then would come an appeal from Sir Charles
Metcalfe to the constituent body, and, in spite of the j
Montreal election, he believed that appeal would be re-
sponded to by the good sense of the Canadian people.
But there was one thing that they must do in this coun-
try—that was, that this House must strongly express its
opinion on the question between Sir Charles Metcalfe
and the Executive Council, and as to the course which
both the Government and the Parliament would be pre-
pared to adopt. He understood that the support the
:Noble Lord gave to Sir Charles Metcalfe was not con-
fined to one part of his policy only —'was
not confined to his disposition to try the system of
Parliamentary government—the Noble Lord was also
prepared to resist any encroachments the Council was
disposed to make on the prerogatives of the Crown.
Those prerogatives were not in Canada, as in England,
the safeguards of popular rights ; they were the safe-
guards of the imperial connection, and if the people of
Canada clearly understood that the Government at
home would resist these encroachments, he believed that
they would submit to the views of the Governor-General.
However great might be the advantages of the connec-
tion to this country, the advantages were still greater to
Canada itself. He knew from experience that much
mischief had been caused there by doubts among the
people of the good faith of their liberal promises, of the
firmness of the Government in maintaining its views.
All they had to do was to make the people of Canada
fully conscious both of their good faith and their
'determination, and by so doing they would
strengthen the hands of Sir C. Metcalfe, and
enable him to triumph over all opposition.
In endeavouring to keep Sir Charles Metcalfe in Canada,
he was sure he was taking that course which was most
for the benefit of the Canadian people. The Govern-.
ment could not have made a better selection than that
which, despising all party considerations, they made in
choosing Sir Charles Metcalfe as the person who, from
his experience, would be most likely to administer the
affairs of the colony with benefit; and, if he failed, it
would be difficult to find one more likely to administer
them in a just,, and, at the same time, in a conciliatory
spirit.—(Cheers.)
Lord J. RUSSELL said he was unwilling to give his
opinion upon the case, seeing that the facts were not fully
before them ; but as he had been referred to, he did not
think it right to be altogether silent on the subject,
though he considered the question had been brought on
unnecessarily and prematurely. With regard to the dis-
patch which the Noble Lord had read, he concurred in
his general principles. With regard to Lord Sydenhatn,
it appeared to him at the time that no man in the country
was so likely to use his energies and his faculties for
the benefit of Canada, and in such a manner
as would maintain the connexion between Canada and

this country. Lord Sydenham had been originally
struck with a remark of his predecessor, "that there
was no quarter of the world where a man could do more
benefit to his fellow-creatures tlfau in Canada." Being
placed in that situation, he devoted the whole energies
of his mind to advance the interests of Canada. He had
acquired great influence in Canada, owing, he believed,
chiefly to the knowledge he had acquired in this country
of Parliamentary discussion—of the mode in which a free
Clnstitution was carried on, and to the knowledge which
he had'on all matters relating to trade and commerce.
When Sir Charles Begot went to Canada, he found a
large Parliamentary majority, and he could not do other-
wise than choose his Ministry from that majority ; but
he suffered severely from disease, and so much could ns.t
be expected from him as from a person in robust health.
Sir Charles Metcalfe succeeded him, and, upon his
arrival in Canada, he declared his intention to adhere to

the resolutions of 1841, and to uphold the principle of
responsible government in the colony. lle continued
the Ministry formed by his predecessor ; but he found,
after a considerable lapse of time, that there were differ-
ences of opinion between them, and he was asked to
make concessions which he conceived it his duty to the
Crown to resist. The Noble Lord had read the terms
in which Sir Charles Metcalfe understood those de-
mands; and, understanding them as he did, he could not
do otherwise than resist them. It was impossible that
he could bind himself down in the manner proposed by,
the Executive Council. But if all that was required of
him was that he should consider the opinions of the Exe-
cutive Council, he should say he took an erroneous
view of the case. With regard to the future, lie con-
fessed that to him there appeared some grounds to hope
that the dispute would be settled, for sline of the leaderslse
of the Executive Council had, it seemed, not made those
demands as they were understood, but only complained
the Gover-
of a want of general openness on the
didpart
not insist upon
Gover-
nor-General. If they said they
bly to prevent any future misunderstanding any such demands, it would be. enadseiresrtafnodrinthge Aonssetnhie-
Sir Charles Metcalfe nor
subject than if any differences existed on some great
constitutional point, for neither h
woweenastltiheme .11oHn.e
and
any other Governor I
to vouldthdeenyEtxhotiotn v
ee n
Cenear
nt nl ptehr e-
sons were appointed
trusted the utmost confid ebnetcareh
foos cioßu
algdtli e.oxmi
Hsyt
eabhevtaid
Learnednot , therefore,
3lern
Legis-
lative Assembly would see it was better for them that
Sir Charles Metcalfe should carry on the government
with no other view except that of promoting the in-
terests of the province, than enter into idle disputes
which must retard its prosperity. The Noble Lord had
stated fully, but not more fully than truly, the advan-
tages which Canada enjoyed from its cdnnection with
this country. These advantageS could not be overrated.
As to the idea of an independent Canadian republic,
that was an illusion, that could not last six months. If
they should join the United States, what would become
of those institutions which the Canadians cherished so
dearly ? What would become of those religious esta
blishments which the Canadians cherished so dearly,
and for the maintenance of which this country had
always shown such care and regard.—(Cheers.)
lie could 'not but think, under all the circumstances, that
the people of Canada and their representatives would
agree to the appointments which Sir Charles Metcalfe
might hereafter make to his Executive Council, and that
they would agree to pass such measures as he might
present to them by the advice of that Council, to pro-
mote the future welfare of Canada. He was sure that

the Canadians would not improve their situation by en-
aeavouring to deprive the Governor of that authority,
as the representative of the Crown of the United King-
dom, whieh was necessary to the connection
between the colony and the mother country.—(Cheers.)
Mr. TRELAWNET thought they ought to consider
the promises which had been held out to Canada, The

Noble Lord the Member for London, in bringing for-
ward -the 'Canada Union Bill, had distinctly promised
them a
.responiible Executive Government. To carry
out that promise, the Government ought to be responsi-
ble to the majority of the House of Assembly. They
should give them a Government responsible in the sense
in which the word was understood as applied to the
Government at home. By doing so, they would take
away from the people all desire for a change of Govern-
ment, and all temptations to acts of violence ; but,
_unless they did so, he saw no safeguard against rebellion.
, Mr. ROE BUCK explained.
--',- :Sir ROBERT PEEL said that his Noble Friend had
;stated so fully and so distinctly the general views which
the Government entertained with respect to the late un-
fortunate disputes in Canada, that it was impossible for him,
as far as the Government was concerned, to add anything
to that statement, in every word of which he concurred.
But out of satisfaction to his own feelings, he could not
allow that debate to close IA ithout expressing his -senti-
ments as to the manner in which a most meritorious
.public officer had discharged his duty under circum-
stances of great difficulty.—(Cheers.) The Government
ofthis country had given the greatest practical proof in
their power of the spirit in which they wishel to see the
affairs of Canada adthiniatered, by the selection which
they had made of Sir Charles Metcalfe as Governor Ge-
'neral.—(Cheers.) Not'a single member of the present
Government had been personally acquainted with Sir
Charles Metcalfe. He doubted if any one of them had
seen flint before the important Government of Canada
had been offered to him. The Government and Sir
Charles had not been connected by political ties. Sir C.
Metcalfe had no personal claim upon them, lnit they had
disregarded all political claims in their desire to make art
appointment which should prove to the people of Canada
the spirit in which it was desired that the Government of
that province should be administered. They had selected
-an officer who had distinguished himself in the service
oldie East India Company, and who subsequently, in
the administration of affairs in Jamaica, had achieved a
triumph by his moderation and his firmness.—(Cheers.)
When they looked at the general tenor of his conduct—
when they considered the view which he had taken of
the cases of all those who had been concerned in the late
rebellionthat the uniform tenor of his conduct had been
to bring about reconciliation ; the desire which be had
expressed to bury in oblivion all that had happened ; and
his complete indulgence, so far as was compatible with
justice, to all those who had been engaged in the rebel-
lion, he was surprised that a more favourable construe-
tion.had not been placed upon the conduct of Sir Charles
Metcalfe.—(Cheers.) It appeared to him that Sir C.
Metcalfe was completely right in what he had done, and
he was entitled to the entire confidence and the fullest
support of the home Government. As to the proposal
that he should bind himself always to act by the recom-
mendation of the Executive Council,whether that proposal
were conveyed in writing, or whether it were intended
as a tacit understanding, he would, if he had acceded
to it, have subjected himself to humiliation. It was the
first principle of the British Constitution that the Sove-
reign should be guided by the advice of the Minister of
the Crown. But it would be quite a different thing
if the Sovereign were to be compelled always
to adopt that advice, or to contract an obli-
gation with a Minister under all circumstances to
ask his advice ; any Sovereign who should contract such
an obligation would become the slave of the Minister, and
not his master.—(Cheers.) But waving that question,
he would contend that there was not any analogy what-
ever, between the position of a Government and an Exe-
cutive Council in a colony, and that of the Sovereign and
a Minister in this country. Ho thought that a Governor
of Canada would be most unwise who did not minister to
all local matters, and consult the feelings and opinions
of the people, in his appointments ; and he (Sir R. Peel)
must say that, with respect to all those questions of pa-
tronage, he thought the Governments both of England
and Canada ought not to use their patronage excepting
for the benefit of the people. He thought the Executive
Council and the Governor were perfectly distinct. He
thought it was to the interest of the governed that the
Governor should refuse to place himself entirely under
the control of the Executive Council. He thought
it was impossible to govern the Canadians on the
same principles upon which this country was governed,
The larger the country and the more extended the po-
pulation, the more easy the Government could be car-
ried on ; but in small communities he was not quite cer-
tain that the Government could exist in party there. It
was possible that there might be a Government con-

netted with a most intolerant party. Let them take the
case of the French party being in a minority, and the op-
posing party in a majority, in that case he (Sir P. Peel)
was not quite certain that the Governor ought to adopt
the recommendation of the ruling power in Canada. He
thought that the Governor would have a perfect right to
say that the appointment which had been recommended
was one that would be offensive to a considerable party,
although that party should be in the minority, therefore
he should not make the appointment. He thought
that in that case the Governor would be
perfectly justified in refusing to adopt the advice of the
Executive Council. The Governor was bound to admi-
nister the affairs of the country with impartiality and
justice to all ; and, therefore, Sir C. Metcalfe was bound
not to enter into the engagement which was required of
But although he had defended Sir C. Metcalfe, it
must not be supposed that there was any disposition on
the part of the Government to withhold from the Cana-
dians the fulfilment of every engagement which had been
made to them. He believed that the utility of the con-
nexion with Canada must depend upon its being main-
tained in perfect good will.—(Hear, hear.) It would
only be a source of evil unless it could be continued with
the good will and kind affections of the majority of the
people of the country—(Hear, hear)—and it would be
better that the connexion should be discontinued than
that it should be maintained by force. He trusted that
nothing had occurred in the course of this night's debate
which was calculated to dispel the unanimous desire that
had been manifested to support that able and distin-
guished man who, under the pressure of severe suffer-
ing, was now attempting to discharge what ho
felt to be his paramount duty to his coun-
try ; and he hoped that nothing had passed
that night which would induce the people of Canada to
show any feeling of ill temper with respect to the Go-
vernment of Sir Charles Metcalfe, for he believed that it
was the firm determination of Sir Charles Metcalfe, and
he was sure it was the anxious wish of the Government
at home, that the government of Canada should bo
conducted in a fair and impartial spirit, and that they
would seek for no power or patronage except such
as was for the good of the people of Canada, and
which would enable them, when the time arrived, to
maintain the connexion between the two countries, if
it ever should be found necessary to maintain that con-
nection by force. An impression appeared to prevail in
the House that a vast majority of the people of Canada

_ -
were adverse to . the government of Sir Charles Met-
calfe. Now this he (Sir Robert Peel) very much
doubted, for as far they could collect pub-
lic opinion from the addresses which had been
presented to Sir Charles Metcalfe, it would appear that
he had shown that temper, that discretion, that judg-
ment, and that firmness, which would ultimately result
in conciliating the good will of the majority of the people
of Canada. He (Sir R. Peel) held in his hand nirety-
three addresses which were presented to Sir Charles
Metcalfe, even at the commencement of this unfortunate
dissension, and ninety of those addresses were in favour
of his policy, whilst only three were against it. Ile
trusted it would still be seen by the people of Canada
that it would be most difficult for the Government to find
a successor to Sir Charles Metcalfe, who should be more
competent to administer the affairs of that country,
or one who would conduct the government of that

country in a manner more calculated to maintain the
union between Canada and this country, or one who
would more desire to uphold the interests and conduct
the government in such a manner as to increase their
prosperity and confirm the connection between the two
countries.

The report of the Committee of Supply was brought
up and agreed to.
The Charitable Loan Societies (Ireland) Bill was
read a third time.
-The New South Wales Bill was read a third time.
The Customs Duties (Isle of Man) Bill was read a
second time, and ordered to be committed that day three
weeks.
The House adjourned at a Quarter to One o'clock.

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To LADIES.—The high and universal celebrity
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SINGULAR Dunr..—A curious duel has 'just taken
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SOCIETY OF DANCERS.—We understand that Mr.
Bunn „tuts then his peapission for, a. performance to take
priee at—Drury-lane Theatre -on Monday night, when there
will be a benefit night, the proceeds arising from which are
to be contributed towards the funds of the Society o
Dancers, for the relief of aged and decayed members of 0
profession,