The Sun.
London, England, 1844-06-19 00:00:00

ebtrti Milton

SUN OFFICE, Seven o'Clock.

STATE OF TRADE.
(From the Manchester Guardian of this day.)
Owing to the non arrival of the usual German mail
yesterday morning, there was not quite so much demand
for yarn as last week ; but the market continues very
firm and healthy. In the goods market there is no ma-
terial change ; 40-inch shirtings are still in limited de-
mand, and rather lower in price, but printing cloth sells
freely, and at very firm prices. Domestics are steady,
with a rather better demand for the lower qualities.
ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET, MONDAY, JUNE 17.
The flannel market has been more than usually brisk
to-day. Many of the large manufacturers, as well as
the merchants, have purchased freely at former prices.
There has been also a good demand for wool, which has
fully maintained the last week's prices.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE :EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
GLOBE.—Whene death has closed the career of an
individual, his real character, and the estimation in which
he was held by his contemporaries, become known.
Even an unfounded rumour of the event, if strengthened
by circumstances which seem to justify its claims to
credibility, produces a similar result on public opinion.
The individual, whose demise has been prematurely an-
nounced, becomes acquainted with the piece he occupies
in public estinntion. Ile has the privilege of reading
his own epitaph ; and may indulge in those reflece
lions, pleasin; or painful, which the sentiments it re-
cords respecte ag• him are calculated to impart. • Lord
Brougham, a, few years since, was furnished with this
posthumous pi ivilege. The :hoax that was practised on
the public ire the form of an apparently circumstantial
and well-attested account of his death—by whom-
soever plann ei I—whether with, or without, the eccentric
Lord's aid .or privity—called forth in the daily
journals coral cents on his Lordship's public character
and course. The latter were appealed to as reflect-
kg light one the former; and both were chronicled
under a coer viction that the man and his deeds had
become mat' wra of history. It is with Governments as
with indivisals. Events occasionally occur in their
existence w'en'ch give rise to rumours of their dissolution:
In proporti, in as they are popular or unpopu'ar, the re-
ports of thee'; r disruption a ill be received with reluct-
ance, or be gv asped at with avidity. If there has been
an universal! .expectation and hope of the termination of
their career, the report that the end has come will be re-
ceived with at vidity and be celebrated with delight. Even
though the et rent do not justify the conclusion—though
the fate of th a Government be postponed, instead of
realised, the ta estimony borne to its character is not im-
pugned, nor tare the feelings called forth by its sup-
posed dissolut 'on the less genuine, because premature.
The subjects t ,f public praise or censure, of the general
regrets or exul Itationa are instructed as to the terms in
which they werold have been spoken of had they really.
become defunct • The office of the " great teacher,
eleath," has bee n anticipated in the case of the indivi-
daal ; and a. government, before it actually gives place
to is s succeesors, riay witness the satisfaction, or regret,
with which its loss of power has inspired the community.
The present Administration has this unenviable pri-
vilege. The rumours of its resignation had, it seems,
hem commusaicated in a letter from the London corre-
spon.ient of the Dublin Evening Mail, dated Satur-
day evening, in terms which implied that the event
was certain. In the positive arrangement of respect.
and confidence that pervades the Conservative party in
Dublin, so far as Sir Robert Peel and the policy or
his Govonnnent are concerned, and which has gradually
,grown into. an earnest desire for its disruption, the organ
of the Dubin Tories gloried over the supposed fall of
the Administration in terms of triumph which would
b„tjficientrj, strung if found in a Repeal journal ; but
expreseed by et Conservative organ, may be safely taken
as evidetece if the Administration be endured with
impatience by .pealers, it scarcely is less cordially de-
spised by those Wri.e, actually placed it in power by their
votes and influence. That we have not stated the import
of the announcement . alluded to in terms too strong, will
the article :
be seen by a perusal 05'
N OF MINISTERS.
"RESIGNATI t..)
•, SATURDAY EvENING...._2I:he Cabinet Council has just 1
it is said the
broken up, and is ion of resigning was comde.
to unanimously.
-. Sir Robert Peel forthwith procee4ied to the palace, and.
had an audience of her Majesty. The official annourice-
rnent of the fact will, of course, be made to both.
Houses of Parliament on Monday. The cheers with_
which the announcement of the defeat of Ministers was: I
hailed, last night, from the Conservative benches, left no- 1
doubt on the minds of Ministers as to the feeling of the partye
towards them. 77tus, in two and a half years, having falsified' I
every pledge they gave whilst out of office, the Ministry that
boasted of a majority of One Hundred in a house called by.
their antagonists, now retire without sympathy or honour."
The Mail goes on to enumerate the delinquencies of;
Sir Robert Peel, as head of the Government, which-.
produCed the event on which it congratulates the Con-•t.
servative party and the country in the strongest terms..l
The Sugar Duties—on which the adverse vote wass
given against the Government on Friday night, and was s
the proximate cause of the supposed resignation of the,
Alinistry—is treated as a mere accident of which thee
Conservatives availed themselves to convince the Go-•
vernment of the fixed determination of the party which: '
raised it to office, to enforce a policy more in confor-
mity with the principles and pledges of Sir -Reber t
Peel, when leader of the Opposition in the last Par .
liament, and on the faith of which he was entrust& I
with power. A more unequivocal party proclamation or
entire renunciation and repudiation of a Ministry, ha
seldom been embodied and issued than the article i a
Monday's Dublin Mail, to which we have alludes
That Sir Robert Peel did not resign, as the orga
of the Irish Conservatives supposed he had—because
in its view, he was shut up to that only course col' t-
tistent with his position—will be a source of disap-
pointment ; but will not mitigate the hostility with
which his course is viewed by the party, nor i:a-
duce its organ to qualify, the condemnation of its po-
licy, which it pronounced over its imaginary gran e.
We may remark, that yesterday, in the hurry cons e-
quent upon analysing the division of the precedirtg
night, we stated the number of ultra free traders who•
voted with the Government as eleven. That number, on
a division, reckons as twenty-two—the exact majority bj•
which the vote of Friday night was reversed, and the
Government saved from inevitable disruption. The
actual number was, however, thirteen. Thus, but for
the Anti-Protectionists—who in this case voted ,for
the Government scale of Protection, as likely to advance
the abolition of all protection—the Government would
actually have been placed in a minority of four; raid
Would at this moment have been out of office ! On the
principle which was constantly. put forth by the Tory
journals while the Whigs were in office, that they were
kept in by the Irish Liberals, and not by a majority of
the entire House of Commons, Sir Robert Peel is the
minister of the Anti-Corn-law League ; the leaders of
which preserve him in office by their votes ; and. to
whom, we trust, lie will evince his gratitude by adopting
the free-trade policy they advocate.
STANDARD.—Tho alliance of West Indians, Whig-
Radical aspirants to office, and disappointed Conserva-
tive self-seekers have discharged their bolt, and we ima-
gine that they are little gratified by the result. The
first have obtained the satisfaction of knowing that they
have definitively placed their interests in opposition to
the discontinuance of the property-tax. The Whigs
have put another bar on the door that excludes them from
office, and the Conservative self-seekers have learned
how very inconsiderable a fraction of the Conser-
vative party they constitute. The wretched mismanage-
ment of West Indian effairs from the day in which the
short-sightedness and jobbing of the managers drove the
Duke of Buckingham and Chendos in disgust from
among them, this wretched mismanagement has led
to a course of blunders and calamities quite beyond
belief until the subject is inquired into ; but
it must be always so when great and varied interests
are confided to the care of mere traders. Such
men care for nobody but themselves, and they deride all
provision for the future. The interests of the British
empire could hardly he in worse hands, if confided to the
care of " the League," than the hands in which the West
Indian interest have been so many years. Like the
Leaguers, each of the Wrest Indian managers thinks only
of the present time and of his own private interest.
" How shall I improve my returns for the year?
How shall I mako my West Indian estate bring a better
price in the market ?" These are the questions he
asks himself ; but of anything for the common good, or
for the future prosperity of the colonies, lie never
dreams. It is very well known that many of the West
Indian managers have invested large sums in the pur-
chase and cultivation of estates in Cuba—all cultivated
by slave labour. And at this very moment some of the
most distinguished West Indians, as they are called,
are negotiating for a loan of half a million to in-
troduce disguised slaves—ti-r they will be no more--
into Trinidad and Demerara, so as to prevent., by the
advantage of the start, and of a fresher and a het-
ter soil, the: possible recovery of Jamaica and the
other Old Colonies, unthr any circumstances,
sare,how-
ever favourable. These miimana er in truth,
they, very worst enemieii7c of theg
great body of
plairters, and whatever tends to destroy their
iutruence, is a benefit'. to the great body of
West Indians. The diateese under which the West Indies
Buffet' and have been suffering for nearly forty years, is
a steady and by no means.slow decline in the of
supply
labour. This decline has not been caused, and can-
not be checked, by any financial arraneemere. It
has been in progiefe while the Vest Indies
had a perfect monopoly, even to the exclusion of
the other British co!onies ; it has been in progress
while sugar was protected by a differential duty of three
guineas the hundred weight ; and if it is now proceeding
_ of a
at a more rapid rate, the acceleration is theeffect
natural cause, the necessary operation of which every
one must see. As the negrees become fewer they get
higher wages, and with higher wages they become rich,
and the land becomes of less value. As they become rich,
however, they purchase small scraps of cheap land, and
erase to be labourers. Thus the labourers are still
more reduced in number, wages necessarily rise still
higher, and the same procass is repeated again and again
and again, and must continue to be repeated until there
shall scarcely be a labourer in the colonies to be had
for hire. The advantage derived in this re-
spect to the great body of planters, is the
exposure of the trutb, which the faithless
managers would keep out of sight. The British
tropical colonies are of immense importance to
the British empire, pecuniary considerations altogether
ti .otat,and they are of not less importance to the liberty
e _ .led. We must, therefore be careful not to
hi\ or let them sink into that state of ruin
-"'"vgt tkley ar •
• !PFtaiints 4.4laet ra descending, and to which
thetnanortiratedl
free- labonr eniu4. oA Mr. Miles would only hurry
be permanent supply of bona fide
colonial
popnretion
s. found for them. Until the
13, 11 be doubled, the colonies will

not be in a secure state. Now this supply of labour may
be had promptly, and with little difficulty, by the estab-
lishment of settlements on the African coast, to serve as
entrepots, and thus will the accursed slave-trade be effec-
tually destroyed. It is not at present a contest be-
tween free labour and slave labour that is earned
on between our colonies on one side, and Cuba
and the Brazils on the other, it is a contest of
insufficient and overpaid labour against abundant and
unpaid labour, and the result is inevitable. But who
will pretend that if the negroes in our colouies were in
sufficient numbers to compel them to work at the wages,
and at the rate at which Englishmen work, any slaves
could compete with them? To obtain for the West
Indies this abundant supply of labourers is the object to
which Parliament must direct its attention.

PRESENTATION OF TIIE DUBLIN PETITION ON THE
STATE TRIALS.—The Lord Mayor, Sheriffs, and Cor-
poration of Dublin proceeded in State this afternoon
to the House of Commons, for the purpose of pre-
senting the petition of the Dublin Corporation on the
subject of the late State trials in Ireland. Having
presented the petition, his Lordship and the other
members took th2ir seats under the strangers' gallery,
where they remained for about an hour, at the end of
which time they left the House, and returned in pro-
cession.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

(THIS EVENING.)

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
The SPEAKER toDk the Chair at Four o'Clock.
AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION.

Mr. JAMES presented a petition from the farmers of
East Cumberland, deprecating the tactics of the Anti-
Corn-law League, and praying the House not to allow
foreign corn to come into this country free of duty.
Several of the petitioners had attached to their signa-
tures, a declaration to the effect that they would
rather have a fixed duty of 8s a quarter on wheat than
the present sliding-scale. The Hon. Member took that
opportunity of correcting an error which had crept into
the division lists of Monday night, as he was repre-
sented to have voted both ways.—(Laughter.) As he
did net possess the power of übiquity, he begged to state
that he voted with the lion. Member for Bristol (Mr.
Miles).—(Hear, hear.)
DISSENTERS' CHAPELS BILL. _

Petitions against this Bill were presented by Sir J.
Y. BULLET'. from Devonshire, and Mr. KEMBLE from
Camberwell.

Mr. WYSE presented a petition from Ireland in fa-
your of Art-Unions.

OPENING LETTERS AT THE POST-OFFICE.

Mr. T. DUNCOMBE presented a petition from
Westminster, complaining of the letters of some of her
Majesty's subjects having been opened by order of one
of her Majesty's Secretaries of State, a power which
they stated ought not to be exercised except under
especial and pressing circumstances. They stated also
that the practice, if continued, would create a want of
confidence in the Post-office authorities of the country.
--(Hear, hear.) They prayed the House to take steps
to abolish the Act of Parliament which established the
power, or to mike such stringent provisions as would
prevent the abuse of the power which had been so lately
exhibited by one of her Majesty's Secretaries of State.—
(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Member presented a similar
' petition from the Metropolitan Trades Association.
Mr. 'WALLACE moved that the petition of operative
bleachers in the parishes of Cathcart and Eastwood, to
regulate their labour (presented 13th June), be printed
with the Votes.—Ordered.
ST ATE TRIALS. _

Mr. lITYSE moved 'that the petition from William
Ford, Pierce illahony, and others, on the subject of the
State Trials (Ireland)(presented 17th. June), be printed
with the Votes.—Ordered.

31r. E. TENNENT presented a petition from th© en-
gravers of London, complaining of the monopoly caused
by the proceedings of the Art-Union.

CORPORATION OF DUBLIN.

The Sergeant at Arms having announced that the
Lord Mayor and Corporation of the City of Dublin were
attendance, the Speaker directed him to call them in.
'The civic functionaries, attired in court suits, and wear-
ang also their robes of office, immediately entered,
and the Lord Mayor, advancing to the Bar,
delivered in a petition, and having made
obeisance, retired. Mr. T. Duncombe having moved
that the petition be read, the clerk proceeded to do so.
The petition was from the Lord Mayor and Corporation
of Dublin, and showed that Daniel O'Connell, an Hon.
Member of that House, John O'Connell, also an Hon.
Member of that House, and five other gentlemen, had
been convicted on grounds which appeared to the peti-
timers to be totally opposed to constitutional prin-
ciples. The petitioners also stated their conviction that
1 the "parties had not had a fair trial—(Loud cheers)
—and that the law of conspiracy, as laid down on
the trial, was wholly subversive of the liberty of the
subject.—(Cheers.) They also stated their opinion that
the trial itself had not been conducted on fair and just
principles—(Cheers)—and that a course had been pur-
sued which had greatly prejudiced the prisoners when on
their trial.—(Cheers.) All these proceedings the peti-
tioners held to be detrimental to the administration of
justice, and they, therefore, called upon the House to
take the law of conspiracy into their serious con-
sideration, and to preserve inviolate the right of free
discussion.—(Cheers.)
Mr. WYSE said he should move, to-morrow, that the
petition be printed with the Votes.—(Hear, hear.)
SUUTIIAMPTON MARSH:BILL.
_ _ _

On the motion of Mr. HOPE, the Loids' amendments
to this Bill were taken into consideration, and agreed to.
Mr. 'MACKINNON presented a petition from Chelsea
and Vauxhall, against the Interment in Towns Bill.