The Sun.
London, England, 1828-12-05 00:00:00

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PLYMOUTH, DEC. 4.—The Melville, 74, Captain
H. Hill, and Aurora, 46, Capt. C. J. Austen, arrived
in the Sound from Spithead, on Tuesday morning ;
the former to embark troops, &c. for Gibraltar, anti
the latter ship to be paid off for recommissioning-,
if found in a fit state. It is supposed the Melville
will proceed to-day.
In Hamoaze.---Britannia, Warspite, Aurora,
Ariadne, Comet, Dispatch, Tigre,, Antelope, and
the Experiment, Swede.

Sound.—Melville and Herald.
Mr. John Barnard k appointed Master of the
Trinculo.

Mr. Laughlin Gillies, late master of the Gannett,
is appointed to the Champion.
All was well on board his Majesty's ship Brito-
mart, Commander Manners, cruizing off Cadiz, on
the 21st Nov. She had been into Gibraltar Bay,
and communicated with that garrison, but had not
taken the illness then raging there.
The Challenger, 28, Captain Fremantle, is fitting
for the Cape of Good Hope station. ,
All was well on board the Maidstone, 42, Com-
modore Skipscy, at the Cape, on the 25th Sept., on
the arrival there of the TWeed, with Sir L. Cole,
from the Mauritius, which she was to leave on the
20th of August, it was expected the Maidstone
would sail for that island. The Sparrowhawk, Com-
mander Polkinghorne, was at the Isle of France,
having sprung her main mast. The Espoir was
gone to Seychelles. Lieutenant Haskoll, of the
Helicon, Mr. Smith, Acting Purser, and the Carpen-
ter, were invalided, and these vacancies filled Up by
Mr. Foster, the senior passed Midshipman of the
Maidstone; Mr. Dobbin, the Clerk; and Hill, the
Carpenter's Mate. Mr. Goodridge, the Master At-
tendant, who had been out mony years, was about
to resign his situation, and it was 'probabl the Mas-
ter of the Maidstone would.do the duties of that
appointment till further orders, and that the Master
of the Helicon would move to the Maidstone.
The Ocean arrived at. Malta from Nayarit], 24th
of Oct. The Plover arrived at Malta from Falino,
2d of Nov. The Windsor Castle and Spartiate
arrived at Malta from Plymouth, 3d of Nov. The
Druid sailed from Bermuda, 28th of Oct. The Har-
lequin sailed from Bermuda 28th of Oct. for the
West Indies. The Sybille arrived at St. Helena
from the Coast of Africa, 3d f Oct. The Harpy
zcaileel from Havannah for Jamaica, 4th of Oct. The
Tweed arrived at the Cape of Good Hope from
Mauritius, 7th of Sept. The Hind arrived at Sin-
gapore from Malacca, 14th of JLi ly.—Plyinoutli
Journal.

The Governor and Deputy-Governor of the
Bank of England had a conference on Wednesday with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, at the Treasury.

DEATH OF TILE EARL OF LIVERPOOL,

(nom the Morning Chronicle.)
This amiable Nobleman, who so long filled a con-
spicuous place in the Government:of this country,
; departed this life yesterday morning. The ciretnn-
, stances relating to his death will be found in the
Court Circular.
Robert Bankes Jenkinson, Earl of Liverpool, was
born on the 17th June, 1769. His father, whose
work on the coin is well known to political econo-
mists, had made his Iray, by ability for the details
of office, from comparative obscurity to the wealth
and rank of which he died in possession. The late
Lord entered on life under mere favourable auspices.
After quitting Oxford, where he was distinguished
among his associates (of whom the late Mr. Canning
was one), rather for assiduous attention to his studies
than for those showy qualities which gain for young
men a premature reputation for talent, that often leas
them to neglect the surest means of success—la-
borious industry—he visited the Continent, and was
in Paris at that interesting period when the Bastile
was destroyed. On his return to England, he en-
tered Parliament in 1791, and made his maiden
speech on the debate on Mr. Whitbread's motion
respecting the armament against Russia. This
speech was considered one of the most successful
efforts ever made by a speaker at the commence-
ment of his career, and it was said by an opponent,
Mr. (now Earl) Grey, whose praise was the more
valuable that it was never lavishly bestowed, that
" the Honourable Gentleman had delivered his sen-
timents with such eloquence of manner and correct-
ness of expression, that if a stranger had come into
that house to hear him, be would not have readily
supposed it was the first time of his speaking." The
speech indeed has none of the characteristics of
youth, none of the ambitious display which is al-
most universal at that period of life. It con-
tains many notions which would not be received
in the present day, though, at the time, they
were seldom questioned. It was necessary, at that
time, to oppose Russian aggression, on what would
appear now a singular ground. "It was necessary,"
said his Lordship, " to support Turkey, as a check
upon Austria; for as long as the Porte maintained
its consequence, so long would Prussia be to us an
eligible ally. France, when she considered Austria
as her rival, had ever deemed it politic to preserve
an alliance with Turkey,, well knowing that the Ot-
toman Power would operate as a check on her rival,
and tend to controul her conduct. When, there-
fore, Austria was allied with France, Turkey imme-
diately became our natural Ally." Balancing was a
nice business in those days ! We have some notions
too about the balance of trade with Russia, which
did not betray the most enlightened views in com-
mercial affairs. What he said, however, about
France, was characterized by a moderation highly
creditable to so young a Statesman. " lie declared
he would very readily admit that France was not now
in a situation to occasion any alarm ; he would readily
admit that she was at present in the most distracted
situation; but was it likely, he asked, that she would
long continue in such a state? was it not more probable
that she would shortly be in possession of a settled
and effective Government ? Possibly her ancient
arbitrary Government might be restored ; and, in that
case, she would once more be a powerful rival,
and we should again have occasion to dread those
intrigues which had ever been attached to its Cabi-
net, and which had hardly ever suffered Europe to
remain in peace. Perhaps she would obtain a mo-
derated and free Government, and then, though less
fear might be apprehended from intrigue, more would
be.to be dreaded from her power; and her rivalship
would be still more formidable than ever it hadbeen.
France, blessed with almost every advantage that
nature and circumstances could bestow, wanted but
a well-constituted and well-regulated Government
to make her rise again with redoubled splendour, and
again prove the terror of her neighbours, and excite
the wonder and admiration of the world. During
the unhappy dissensions of that unfortunate country,
the spirit of forbearance by which our .Ministry had
been governed deserved the highest praise. This in-
dication of generosity and friendship might tend to
subvert the ancient jealousies of the two countries,
and produce an alliance of a permanent nature,
greatly 'to the advantage of both."
.

So much for the first Parliamentary effort of his
Lordship.
His Lordship was appointed one of the Commis-
sioners. for the affairs of India in 1793. In 1794,
he received the Commission of Commander of the
Cinque Ports Cavalry. In 1796, he was appointed
Master of the Mint, made a Privy Councillor, and
named one of the Commissioners for Trade and
Plantations. On the change of Ministry, in 1801,
he succeeded Lord Grenville as Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs; and when Mr. Pitt returned to
office, in 1804, on the renewal of the war, he quitted
the Foreign for the Home Office.
When Mr. Pitt died, in 1806, Lord Liverpool,
then Lord Hawkesbury, attempted to perform a
much more prominent part than he bad hitherto
done on the political stage; but the public, at that
time, by no means seconded his wish to remain
at the helm of affairs, and a new Ministry was
demanded.

When the Whigs quitted Office, Lord Liverpool
again took a place in the Percival Administration.
On the death of Mr. Percival he became First Lord
of the Treasury, and he continued Premier till the
termination of his political career.
As a politician, his Lordship continued to rise in
reputation to the last. He was never supposed to
possess talents of the highest order ; and his speeches
during the discussion on the Bullion Question—the
Orders in Council—the various measures connected
with the Bank Restriction and the Return to Cash
Payments—the Corn Laws, and commercial affairs
in general, indicate great vacillation, and the posses-
sion deny thing rather than connected views. With
respect to foreign politics, he ranked still lower. He
does not seem to have properly appreciated the cir-
cumstances which led to the Peace of Amiens; and
at a period when he possessed more power of in-
fluencing Europe, he miscalculated still more grossly.
We allude to the various political movements in the
two Peninsulas, which have terminated so unfortu-
nately for the nations in which they took place. At
that time the countenance, or even the neutrality, of
Great Britain would have been of incalculable benefit
to the cause of regeneration. But it is well known
that the British Government looked with the same
disfavour on the exertions of the Spanish and Italian
Patriots, as that with which it viewed the efforts of
the FrenehConstitutionalists of 1789. We are far from
wishing to contend that Great Britain should embark
in quarrels not properly her own, from a mere abstract
love for the cause of good government. But a pow-
erful nation like Great Britain can easily make itself
felt without either drawing the sword, or exposing
itself to the hazard of doing so. The moral effect
on the struggling patriots of the countenance of
Great
,Britain, would have been very great. Be-
sides, France at that time would have dreaded to
expose herself to the displeasure of Great Britain ;
and her Government had recourse to ail those dis-
reputable subterfuges, which betray sufficiently the
union of weakness with wickedness. When France
was clandestinely fomenting rebellion in Spain, and,
tinder the false pretext of a Sanitary Cordon, main-
taining large armies on the frontier of that unfortu-
nate country, Lord Liverpool.either believed or dis-
believed the professions of France; if he believed
them, what are we to think of his discernment ? If
be disbelieved them, what arc we to think of his
want of ability to perceive the proper course for
England to pursue ? Without for one moment
compromising the safety or the interests of the
country, Lard Liverpool could have deterred France
from the prosecution of her machinations. With
Italy in so precarious a state, Austria must also
have been quiescent.
If war is to be viewed as the greatest calamity
that can beful nations, and if nations, so far faint
having an interest in making war on each other.
have, on the contrary, the greatest interest in pro-
moting each other's prosperity, the prosperity of
one always re-acting on another, the more we popu-i

arise Governments, and render their movements de-
pen,lent on the general will, the more we diminish
the chances of war. Where a Government may be
• influenced by a mistres,, as France Was more than
once during the last century, a bon mot may lead to
war. Madame Pompadour inflicted on France the
disgrace of Risbach, because Frederick of Prussia
spoke slightingly of her in some couplets. When
Governments must take counsel of their respective
nations, these contingencies are no longer to be
dreaded. Nations may, no doubt, mistake their
interests, and the prejudices of the whole or part
of a people may sometimes be appealed to with
success. Still it is merit to reduce the causes of
war to mistaken views of interest; for, with every
improvement in the modes of thinking, the
chances must diminish. England, the greatest com-
mercial nation in the world, had, therefore, a de-
cided interest in promoting the cause of reform,
and thereby placing the improvement of nations on
a secure foundation. But England looked with an
evil eye ors every attempt at amelioration abroad.—
The Ministerial Newspapers are not to be taken as
a certain criterion, on all points, of the feelings of a
Government. But those Papers may be consulted
with safety for the feeling of men in office in general,
on questions which agitate the world. Now, at the
time in question, the English Ministerial Newspa-
pers seemed to sympathize with every existing abuse
throughout the world. Every Ecclesiastical reform
in Portugal and Spain, which had for olsject to
rescue the people from the worst Popish supersti-
tions, was made a subject of bitter reproach to the
Peninsular Governments. Nay, we remember when
' the Courier spoke with tenderness of the Institution
as an ancient Institution (these were the words),
which ought not to be touched rashly. We can
never be persuaded that the English Government
was not actuated at that time by a spirit of hostility
to all that was liberal throughout Europe.
A new spirit seemed to actuate it when Mr. Can-
ning became the ally of Lord Liverpool. Mr. Peel,
indeed, after that time, justified the invasion of
Naples by Austria; and Mr. Canning %, as forced,
in deference to the Tories, to profess himself a fol-
lower of the politics of Lord Londonderry. But
the world were not deceived, either 'by the former
professions of the Emglish Government or their
then professions. Suddenly a spirit of conciliation
pervaded the Councils of the Government. Fac-
tion ceased, the Ministers were supported and ap-
plauded in many, if not most of their measures, by
the Opposition of Parliament, and by the Opposi-
tion Journals. A disposition to defer to the opi-
nions of the wisest and best men throughout the
country was manifest to all.

it may be inferred from this, that Lord Liver-
pool, with all his official ability and talents for busi-
ness, was what is called a secondary character; that
he gave way to others of a more determined stamp.
During the time of Lord Londonderry the Govern-
ment was actuated by a spirit the opposite of that
it afterwards manifested; from which it would seem
to follow that that spirit was not Lord Liverpool's.
The difficulties with which Mr. Canning had
afterwards to struggle do not disprove this inference,
because Lord Liverpool might possess talents for
conciliation which kept down the jealousies that
afterwards broke out, when Mr. Canning was forced-
to take the first station. There was, too, the pres-
tige of old possession, in favour of the submission
to Mr. Canning, while he acted under Lord Liver-
pool.

Lord Liverpool was fond of domestic life, and we
believe greatly beloved by his friends. His cha-
racter stood always high in the country. He exerted
himself much to promote the efficiency of the Church
Establishment by the judicious distribution of pa-
tronage. He was a patron of Bible Societies, con-
sequently inclined to Evangelical principles. The
death of his first wife, and his subsequent marriage,
are fresh in the general recollection.
On the whole, Lord Liverpool, whatever his de-
fects, is one of those names which will appear with
advantage in the page of history.