The Sun.
London, England, 1821-12-18 00:00:00

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ROYAL ACADEMY .

•
On Monday, the 10th instant, being the Fifty-
third Anniversary of the Foundation of the Royal
Acadefny of Arts, a general Assembly of the
Academicians was held at their apartments in So-
merset-House, when the following distribution of
Premiums took place, viz.:—

,
To Mr. John Graham, fox' the beit HistOrical Painting, th 6
Gold Medal, and the -I)2courses of the PresidentS Reynolds
and West, handsomely, bound and inscribed.
To ,Mr. W. Frederick Smith, for the best Historical Groupe
in Sculpture, the.(lold Medal, and the Discourses of'Reynolds
and West.

To Mr. Richard Kelsey, for the beSt Architectural Design,
the Gold Medal, and the Discourses of Reynolds and West.
• To Mr. Andrew Morton, for the best Copy.made- in the
Painting School, the Silver Medal, and the Lectures of the
Professors Barry, Opie, and Yuseli. •
To Mr. Wm. Ross, for the best Dxawing of en Academy
Figure, the Silver Medal, and ,the Lectures' of Barry; 01)ie;
and Fusali., • •

. To Mr. Win. Watts, for the next best Dra*ing of an Aca-
demy Figure, the Silver Medal.
To Mr. George Foggo, for a Drawing of an Academy Fi=
gure, the Silver Medal.
To :%1 r. Charles Smith, for the best Model: of an Academy
Figure, the Silver Medal, and the Lectures of Barry, Opie,
and Fuseli.
To Mr. Thomas Bradberry, for the best Architectural Draw:
ing of a Public Building, the Silver Medal, and the Lectures
of Barry, Opie, and Fuseli.
To M i. Robert Osborn, for the next best ArchiteCtural Drlvz
ing, the Silver Medal. .
To Mr. Edward Edwards, for the best Drawing from the
Antique, the Silver Medal, and the Lectures of Opie and
Fuseli.

To Mr: Henry Cotten, for the next best- Drawing from the
Antique, the Silver Medal.
To Mr. Henry Francis Goblet, for a Drawing from the An-
tique, the Silver Medal.
To Mr. Joseph Dinham, for the best Model from the An-
tiqUe, the Silver Medal, and the Lectures of Opie and Fuseli.
• To Mr. John Ternouth, for the next best Model from the
Antique, the Silver Medal.
After which the President addressed the Students at some
length, expressing the satisfaction of the Members of the Royal
Academy on the improvement of thd Schools,encouragingthem
to persevere in their attention to correctness and purity of draw-
ing, and concluding with observations on their mode of study
for the higher departments of Art, which he enforced by re-
ference to the example of the great masters:
The General assembly afterwards proceeded to appoint offs-
cers for the ensuing year, when
Sir Thamas Lawrence was unanimously re-elected President.
New Council—E. H. Bally, R. Westmacott, It. Smirke, jun.
and H. Bone, Esquires.
Old Council—A. Cooper, W. Collins, D. Wilkie, and J.
Ward, Esquires.
Visiters in the Life Acaderily—New List : E. H. Baily, .J.
Flaxman, 11. Howard, and R. %Vestal, Esquires.—Old List :
J. Jackson, T. Phillips, M. A. Shee, C. Rossi, and D. Wilkie,
Esquires.
Vistters in the Painting School—New List : A. Cooper, W.
Collins, W. Mulready, and J. NI. W. Turner, Esqrs.-01
List : H. Thompson, 11. Howard, T. Stothard, and Jl. A.
Shea, Esquire.
Auditors re-elected--G. Dance, and J. Farington, Esquires

Sir ANTHONY CAIILISLE attended yesterday
evening to deliver lds, concluding Lecture upon
Anatomy ; but was prevented completing it by
a most disgraceful scene which took place—
A mob of persons assembled .earin under the
archway at Somerset House, and endeavoured to
gain admission by forcible means. The confusion
which took place.in consequence, .prevented the
access of many of the. Members. Sir ANTHONY
declared that he considered the conduct of the
visitors an insult to the Royal, Academy, as well
as to himself. It was particularly unfortunate
for the students ; it prevented the possibility of
his displaying the actions. of, the muscles upon
living figures, as he had intended.: The Pro-
fessor disclaimed all knowledge.of.the means by
which so large a number of tickets were procured
by the visiters. The Lecture, in tonsequence-,
was materially curtailed.—Sir T. LA Wit EN et: was
in the Chair.—Sir W. CONOREVE%vrzts present.

. Some:new honours have just been ..conferred at
the Court of. St. Petersbargh on. Si- Ito ill,: itT KEIL
PaRTER, is consequence of the high repstation In
which his work, on The Past and Pi ese✓it State
of the Persian Empire, lately publishe-d in Eng-
land and. Germany, is held •by'-the:;&iipe'ror
ALEXANDER. ABBAS Mina A, Grand Prince=•of
Persia, also honoured the -British traveller • with
several marks of distinction ; -but. one, the most
gratifying to the feelings of •a benevolent man,
was his Royalllighness's voluntary promise of.
his particular protection to some orphan children
of European parents born in his country, and left
there from uncontrol!able events, in circumstances
of. peculiarly painful interest.

ANCIENT Com—TheCoin recently found near
Inverness commemorates the Reirocation of the
Edict of Nantz. The Pope's Head is the head
of him whO filled'thePapal Chair in i6S6 ; the
;Cardinal's Head is the head of Cardinal Mazarine,
who was Minister to Lewis XI V, at the. time
the Edict was revoked. The inference plainly
pointed out is, " That the Pope and the Devil
colluded together to induce. Louis XI V. to. re-
voke the Edict of Nantz, and that Cardinal Ma-
zarine was a faol for not giving his master better
advice than to do such a foolish act."—Sinollett's
Ilisto4yEnikind,vol.viii., page 226, A. 1).1686.

DRESSIN WARM CLIMATES.-It a ppears highly
probable, from what Sir EVERARD HOME has- ob-
served in hit Paper on the use of the black Rcte
Mucosum of the-Negro, that if Europeans inhabit-
ing Tropical climates, were to clothe them selves
with white garments, lined on the inside with a
thin black covering, such a`covering would effec-
tually prevent the radiant heat in the sun's, rays
from scorching the white• skin beneath. Perhaps
if the White garments were painted black on the
inside,, next the skin, the necessity of a black
lining might be superseded thereby. • •-•

The advantages of a visit to Ctartor.r.'s Of-
fices, No. 19, Cornhill, and 26, Oxford-street,
were sufficiently exemplified i Ihe present Lot-
tery, on the Second Day of rawinq, hen No.
11,486, a Money Prize of 830,000 Sterling, was
Sold by hi'm in Shares. leis to be hoped that
this great success will be follOwsed up by another
830,000. on the 20th lust. when the Lottery will
filially close. •

PRICE SEi'F,NPF.:VCE.

FOR. TIIE SUN.

PRICE OF BREAD.

MR EDlTOR.—Presuming your Correspondent
to be indeed what he professes himself—an In-
quirer as to the number of loaves obtained from
a Sack of Flour, I beg to offer the foillyWinli-
extracts from the Minutes of Evidence before a
Conunittee of ,the Douse of Comm Ons in 1815,
for the' destruction of his ifs, as sell -as, that
other Inquirers may- be satisfied, and those:lTh°
might feel doubts
.be convinced=

Page 34.—" Are you sufficiently acquainted with,baking,
to knoi hoW many QUatterfi Loaves a Sack of Flour of a good
mark will make ?:.7--Ceitainly, the best Flour, if it is baked
well, will easily make eighty-four Loaves of the full weight ;
people who run very near in the *eight, and are not very par-
ticular in the baking, have been knoin to make eighty-six.,
but tbat is very rare; a Sack of good Flour will alWays
eighty-fOUr loaves."

Page 43, noir/. many qUartern love§ do you cipeetifrom
sack of househOld ?—To do justice, and to have, it thoroughly
baked and good weight, I never found any that toula make
more than eighty quarterns some flour , will make .mdre
than others, but I am sure that flour on the average wilt, not
make eighty4hree:

Have you mg known some flour produce cighty-flve quartern
ioaies ?—Never in my life, and I have kept an account Of-a
whole week's baking.
How many loaves chi you suppose will be produced from a
sac:• of Nor folks ?-1 never, tried.

What is. the least glianti4 you have ever known a .pack of
flour produce ?—Perhaps they will not make more.thangeVemy-
nine or eighty.
have you ever known one that has not prodn&d ,eighty ?
I never tried one:

Do more sacks produce eighty-two than eighty ?--1 dO not
know but there may.
Should you not think that a very bad sack of flour that did
not produce eighty-one ?—I should not think it a good one.
N.B. The foregoing was from the evidence of an underseller,
a cheap baker, called (though they are all dear baker.; now),
who of course did not care to have the prime household flour,
but cheap or low priced flour, as stated in page 47.
Page 53, Another cheap or underselling baker, whii, bought
flour of low price, and of course of, corresponding quality, - an-
swered as follows to the inquiry :-
- " What number of quartern loaves can you generally make
from a sack of flour ?—Flour varies very much ; sonic flour
will not make eighty others will make cightY-one and eighty..
two; and sometimes rather more than that ; but taking the flour
on an average (that is such ashe used), no-man can make more
than eighty or eighty-one quartern loaves, averaging,the whole
year round."
This is very true of the low flour from -wheat
'the produce of some seasons, perhaps of One fear
in five or six, and after very wet harvests, parti-
cularly. •
Page 55, This same low-priced witness continued..--.'r Gep
nerally speaking, does not a sack of flour produce nide --than
eighty quartern loaves ?—There .is flour that will make more;
and a great deal of flour that will make less ; leonsider, taking
the average of the year round, that' a sack will.not make- more
Oian eighty-one quartern loaves.
Is it not very seldom that they make so little as eighty ?
I do not think there is a sack of flour hardly that comes out of
the north country that would make eighty quartern loavei,'; the
Zlagistratcs navebeen so very parneufar a,,,trakers
have been obliged to make it above the weight,.to make sure
.fork; if the Magistrate was not so particular, we might make
more, but we are obliged to put two or three ounces ovcr to al-
low for baking and so on. - =.
Of the flour that forms the BULK.Ot the consumptiofr of Lon-
don', is not there Made upon the average more thait eighty
quartern loavei out of a sack ? I look upon it, Wag The average
of London, it will not make more than eighty one." - ; -
Pa'e 55, " Is Stockton flour of a quality,sufilicierilly. good
to make bread fit for the consumption of Loridon?,-1 colisidet
a great part of it is ; it will require rather Innre 'flour to niAe a
loaf of the same weight, but it will make it sufficiently good. •
" It will not make so many loaves in a sack of .flour's—\o,
except they have a peculiarly tine harvest. and then I think it is
nearly equal to.any we have in this district. •
Page 59, " Will a sack. of flour, usually make more than
eighty quartern loaves ?—lt is generally allowed that best flour
will make more."

Page 66, " What number of quartcrn loaves do. you expect a
good sack of flour to make ?—An extreme good opeorill make
eighty-eight : an extreme bad one will not make eighty ;. but
then in that case they must weigh very near ; the baker is now
obliged to give an ounce or two overweight to make his "btead
pass ; but if it was made .exactly, the weight, 1 think good
sack would make eighty-eight (pattern loaves.
" One with another of such sacks of flour as are usually.sold
in London, What- do you think a fair average ?---Froni-eighty-
two to eighty-four."
Page 6U, " you believe that a sack of Norfolk flour will
make as much bread as a sack of West Country can,
not answer that. . •

" Are you in the habit of having -the Norfolk flour l- baked
into bread under your own inspection?—Constantly.
" 'raking one sack with another, what number of q.uartern
loaves can: you make from a sack of flour ? I settle with my
man, who carries on the baking every Wednesday night, and
he'allows me eighty four loaves; a sack always yields that; it
may yield more, but. I am always satisfied to take that:
" When you baked Scotch flour into bread, did you .find it
would make as much bread as the Norfolk flour?-6-ood Scotch
flour made from old wheat I always found would yield the same
quantity. •
Page 69, This witness stated that fourteen pounds of potatoes
were used toa sack of flour, which is of itself a furthgr addition
of weight of three, or at least of two, quartern loaves when baked,
and which should be added teethe-number of loacs Obtainable
from a sack of flour.

" Does not fine flour produce much more bread 1—

Page 71,.
Certainly.
Would.the full.priced bakers under the assize be7able to
go on ?—They would not obtain so much profit, but their profit
is enormous.

Page 77, " How many quartern loaves do you make of the
flour you generally consume?—Some will make eighty-three or
eighty:four ; it depends greatly upon the corn and the.tnftnner
in which it is harvested; after a wet harvest, when it.does..not
answer to the miller, it is unprofitable to the baker also.;.- after
a good dry harvest it will stand its weight ; there is mord sub..
stance and more body in it.
" What do you consider a fair average, ono year.with another,
one sack of 'flour with. another ?---1 should suppose some.
will go as high es eighty-five or eighty-six quartern ToaVes
I have heard of a baker making eighty-eight ; but;.l never
could do it.

" In point of fact, does it ever make as little as eightY4—lt
must be very inferior, after a very bad' harvest : even lacrior
would make eighty-one or eighty-two.
" Should you. consider eighty-three as a fair average.?.--Yes;
• eighty-two or eighty-three.' •
rages 89.t0 92 chew how hard a matter it was to cofne at
the bottom of the truth with §6llle reluctant witnesses .where-in.,
wrests are complicated, and lenity,laxity, or an oversight in the
law did. not force the last loaf ?,--The old assize law calculate 4
only eighty quartern loaves, and this witness was compelled to
acknowledge. that, he never knew less than that ntnher,to he
produceittrom a sack of flour. Of all the witnesses examined,
he htiftg back in his information with by far the greatest degrc&
of obstinacy ; yet still the foregoing admission was .forced from
him, although he could not be breught.to.deelartk that any more
were iv/ r prodhced ; yet he never knew the number
London, Dec. 14, •1821. - • ' INVESTIGATOR.
(To be concluded.)

* This evidence was given in April, )81.5, thus following the
very bligh.taharvest of 1814, when flour was consequently. of
an .mdifferent• quality:
t This is generally very inferior flour in estimation to -almost
any and every other kind sold iniondon.
:,•.- This was not the beet flour which' this witness used, and
yet he found • that even • unit would productraighty-fbar quar-
tern loaves.