The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-09 00:00:00

MARLBOROUGMSTREE7I

Joseph Brown, a cab-driver, was charged before Mr. Maltby,
with furious driving while in a state of intoxication.
On Saturday night the defendant was seen driving at a
furious pace through Piccadilly, and, after proceeding a short
distance, he came with terrible force against a cart, in which a
man and his daughter were seated. The shaft of the cart
penetrated the body of the cabmanishorse, and it was necessary
to kill the animal, which was valued at 101. Damage was also
done to the cart-horse to the amount of 31. The case having
been fully proved,

Mr. KIA ram* raid he should inflict a fine of 101. for the
public offence, order the defendant to pay el., the damage done
to the cart-horse, and provent the defendant from again en-
dangering the safety of the public by at once revoking his license.
QUEEN-SQUARE.

Sarah, Elizabeth, and iane Hopwood, three sisters of re-
spectable appearance, were yesterday placed at the bar, charged
With having stolen a quart of coffee, and about 141 b. of coals,
from the residence of Mr. C. Bague.
At about a quarter past eight o'clock yesterday morning a
policeman saw the prisoners Elizabeth and Jane go to the area
railings, where they had not stood many. minutes when a hand
from the area gave them a basket and jug, with which they
walked away. He followed, and stopped them, and found in
the possession of Elizabeth a basket containing coals and a
quart of coffee.
Mr. Bague proved that the prisoner Sarah was in his ser-
vice, and that there was no other person below to hand the
property through the area railings.
The prisoner Sarah admitted her guilt; Elizabeth made no
defence ; and Jane alleged that she was innocent, as she had
merely gone to the house to bid her sister good-by.
Mr. Bague was very desirous that the magistrate should dis-
pose of this case summarily, but
The MactsTanTE considered it one of those cases which
ought to be sent to a jury, and committed the prisoners for trial.

ON LEADING QUESTIONS I_,
POLITICS.

If we examine the different periods of our history,
we shall find that every one has been distinguished
by some measure of engrossing interest which has
stood, for the time, in the foreground of general
politics, and cast all other questions into the shade.
For example, during the first fifteen years of the
present century, the all-absorbing question was
the conduct of the war with Revolutionary France ;
and, until it should be brought to a satisfactory
termination, it was clear that no other question
Would attract the serious attention of the public ;
and hence many political questions, of great im-
portance in themselves, such as the claims of the
Catholics and the state of the Parliamentary repre-
sentation—could not obtain that degree of eonsidera-
tion to which they were justly entitled, under other
circumstances. When, in 1815, the war was brought
to a close, the Catholic question then rose to the
first place in British politics ; and, for the next
fourteen years, all other public questions—such as
Parliamentary reform and free trade—were viewed
as of minor importance, until this great question
should be finally settled. After the settlement of
the Catholic question, in 1829, the reform of our
Parliamentary representation became the leading
question of 'the day ; and, in 1832, it was brought
to a settlement, which, although not founded upon
any broad principles, would appear to have been
viewed, by the leaders of the movement, at the time,
as a final adjustment of the question. Free trade
then became the prime question of the age; and
although, for some time it made but slow progress,
it has advanced of late with such rapidity, that
every person of discernment must be satisfied that
the term of its adjustment cannot be far distant, and
all must be sensible that there cannot now be any
respite to the political agitation which it has en-
gendered, except by a complete triumph of, its prin-
ciples ; and further, it must be abundantly manifest
that no other matter of national interest can be pur-
sued, with any rational prospect of success, while the
question of free trade holds its present position in
the politics of the day. This, indeed, is so much the
case, that we have heard even Tories admit that, al-
though still convinced of the expediency of corn-laws,
they were so sensible that public opinion had set in
against them so decidedly, that no hopes of resisting
their abolition could now be reasonably entertained ;
and, as the agitation created by the contending
parties was most prejudicial to the interests of
the country, they would be happy to see the prin-
ciples of free trade conceded at once by the pre-
sent Cabinet. For our own part, we are so im-
pressed with the conviction that all other plans of
national improvement are at present brought to a
stand-still by the attention of the public being so
much turned to the question of free trade, that we
deem it our duty to urge it upon all those who feel
an interest in such schemes, not to delay coming
forward and helping to effect a speedy settlement of
the question which, at present, obstructs the progress
of all others. We would beg to assure the friends
of Complete` Suffrage, that we are as much convinced
as they can possibly be of the necessity for a new
reform in our Parliamentary representation, and are
heartily willing to join them in their efforts to
accomplish this object; and to those who have set
their hearts on establishing some general scheme of
national education, we have to say that we sincerely
respect their devotedness to so noble a cause, and are
eager to co-operate with them therein when the proper
time for it shall arrive; and the advocates of Church
reform may be well assured that we are as great
sticklers for freedom in religion as in trade. But we
do beg_to submit it to the consideration of all who
contend for these great measures, that, from the posi-
tion whickiithe free trade question has acquired, there
is not theKlightest chance of any one of these ques-
tions being taken up effectually until the other has
been finally adjusted.
To discuss the merits of this question, we hold to
be now utterly sul- !:::us ; for we i,can scarcely
bring ourselves to !, a person in earnest who
would maintain that th s corn-laws are for the benefit
of the country at large, and fancy that few Con-
servatives even will venture to controvert the opinion
of Sir James Graham, that " the prineiples of free-
trade are those of common sense. Indeed, if ever
there was a great question upon which all persons
of reflection and intelligence were agreed, it is this—
that the present systein of corn-Ip% sis a very bad
one, and cannot, by any means, be kept up much
longer. Now, this being the case, and it being ap-
parent to all that the doom of the present Corn-laws
is written, why, we repeat, does not every friend to
national improvement, whether Whig or Tory, come
forward now to accelerate a change which 'he knows
to be inevitable ? We are in hopes that the next
meeting of Parliament will bring about the settle-
ment of this important measure, provided the
advocates for it now act with sufficient zeal and
determination ; and, as it must be admitted that
Aberdeen has not yet distinguished itself so promi-
nently upon this national question as it did upon
that of Reform, we trust it will now come fOrward,
and show, by its demonstration on the 15th inst.,
that the principles of free trade are as well understood
awl appreciated here as in Manchester, Binning-
ham, Glasgow, Edinburgh, or any other of the great
towns. It strikes us that the only difference which
can possibly now exist among. Liberals, on this
question is whether we ought to have total abolition
(which, for many reasons, we decidedly support),
or a moderate fixed duty, for the sake of revenue ; '
and this difference is certainly not of sufficient im-
portance for the two parties to keep aloof from one
another. One consideration we would beg leave to
press upon the attention of both these parties—
namely, to beware that they do not fall into the mis-
take which was committed at the settlement of the
Reform question, when, by agreeing to a partial
measure, the advocates of it effected but a temporary
adjustment of it, and have left to us the necessity of
again undergoing the turmoil and exertion necessary
to accomplish a final settlement. We do hope (and
we feel confident that every intelligent person who
desires earnestly to promote the moral improvement
and material interests of the country, will join us in
the wish) th'at the next change which takes place in
our system of corn-laws will be a final settlement of
the great question of free trade.—Aberdeen Herald.

VISIT FROM A DEPUTATION OF
THE LEAGUE.
At length it may be said that corn-law emancipa-
tion is almost within reach. The gigantic injustice
perpetrated by the corn-laws bids fair to be speedily
numbered among the things that were. England,
throughout all its towns and most. of its counties, is
speaking out in accents which are neither to be over-
looked nor misunderstood ; and Scotland is as firm
and as determined too. With a free press, a penny
postage, and the right of public discussion, the cause
of a nation, founded upon justice and maintained with
energy, is drawing visibly nearer to the moment of
final and complete success. And when that day has
come, and the peaceful and bloodless laurels of the
triumphs of argument and truth have been won, the
history of the corn-law contest will form one of the
most remarkable eras in the annals of the kingdom.
When it is remembered that the Anti-Corn-law
League is a body self-originated, and, in the strictest
sense, non-partisan—a body which a few years ago was
yet in an embryo state, composed of a few public-
spirited citizens of Manchester, all of whom probably
might have been contained within an ordinary pri-
vate room—its rise and growth to its present colossal
proportions are without a parallel in our history.
Never before was there so much cnergy, intelligence,
wealth, and numbers, similarly organised and arrayed
outside the walls of Parliament; never before did the
middle classes assume a shape so distinct and palpable,
or take up a position so quietly abreast of the other
" powers that be ;" never before was there such a
vote of confidence passed by a large portion of the
people in favour of such a lody, as the raising
-of a
subscription of 50;000/. for the last year, followed by
a subscription of 100,0001. for the year now current.
And when it is considered how -vast a power has
accrued to the leaders of the League, deep is the
debt of gratitude which should be felt for the manner
in which they have acquitted themselves of their most
onerous duties. In spite of gross provocation, in de-
fiance of all attempts to intimidate, and with the
quiet and resolute calmness of men confiding impli-
citly that truth is great and will assuredly prevail,
they have hitherto conducted the great movement
with eminent moderation and judgment. The earnest
eloquence, the clear temperate reasoning, and the
manly courage of Mr. Cobden and his distinguished
friends (some of whom are now about to visit Scot-
land along with him on their philanthropic mission)
have long ago silenced everything like argument on
the side of the monopolists, and have even well nigh
shamed their libellers into mutes.

The gradation by which the. monopolists, from the
vaunting tone of confident defiance in 1841, have
come rapidly down to their present level, is one, of
those instances of railway progress which seems to
characterise so many great movements of late years.
In the session of 1842, there were at least some'
quack arguments offered on behalf of the cern-laws,
follOWed up by copious libels on the manufacturers
supporting the League, which were uttered appa-
rently in the vain hope. of diverting attention from
the subject at issu?. But these resources soon failed.
Then the session of 1843 arrived, and "do-nothing,"
"say-nothing," was the order of the day—An order
most implicitly followed, save when some Mem-
ber or some Minister (like Sir E. li:natchbull)
blundered out the suicidal plea, that the corn-
laws must be inainteined in order to Izeep up
rents, and enable landowners to provide the better
for their wives and children. That sessia4 pa.ss.e4
away, and while the influence of garliament with the
country was palpably on the wane, the influence of
the League was monthly and almost daily on the in..
cvase. And now the session of 1844 is about to
Open. What may be the next move of the monopo-
lists, it were vain to conjecture there being nq move

. ..

after i, seems to be their present
position. But neverthel.:;ss there are two things re-
specting which a prediction may be ventured, and
both seem worthy of some attention. The first is,
that free discussion and the corn-laws cannot much
longer exist together ; and unless the people can be
compelled to forego the former, the monopolists mu°
make up their mind to part with the latter. VIP re
cond is, that, judging from the recent tokens exhibited
by the election• hustings, if the monopolists persist
much longer in their present course, they will tette')
the much calumniated League manufacturers,aspeeleP
of new manufacture of which the monopolists are MOP
dreaming—the manufacture of a majority of ti Y
House of Commons.---Scotsman.

THE ALLEGED DETENTION OF

SUM OF MONEY BY THE

GOVERNMENT.

The following is the copy of a letter transmitted N
Lloyd's by Messrs. Melhuish, Gray and Co., receivor
by them from the Foreign-office, upon the subjecto
the alleged detention of a sum of money by the Po
tuguese Government, produced by the sale of a porde
of the cargo of the Chatham, wrecked on the coast) •
Portugal, which appears ;to exonerate that Govertd
went from the charge of vexatious caution :
" Foreign-office, Jan. 5, 1844.
" Gentlemen,—With reference to your letter 01
the 6th of December last, respecting the delay of the
Portuguese Government to pay over to the proper,
parties the sum produced by the sale of a portion of
the cargo of the Chatham, a vessel which was wrecked
on the coast of Portugal in November, 1842, I all
directed by the Earl of Aberdeen to acquaint you
that he has received a dispatch from Lord Howard
de Walden, enclosing a Report from her Majesty's
Consul at Lisbon, upon the circumstances connected
with the delay which you complain.
" Mr. Smith states that the Messrs. Rendall, the
agents for Lloyd's at Figueras, made known to him
that they held proper authority from the master of the
Chatham, and from the parties interested in her cargo,
to receive the amount which was in the hands of the
Portuguese authorities. He immediately applied to
the Portuguese Minister of Finance upon the matter;
that, after a considerable lapse of time, the power held
by Messrs. Rendall was submitted by Mr. Paize, their
agent at Lisbon, to the Minister of Finance, who re'
ferred it to the Treasury Board, and that the docu"
ment was deemed insufficient by the Treasury, be'
cause it was not signed by all the owners of the cargo
of the Chatham. Mr. Smith states that Mr. Paize Wag
duly informed of this by the Minister of Finance,
who suggested that the amount of the sale should bo,
immediately paid through the Portuguese financial
agent in London, to the solicitors for Lloyd's, or to
any other parties legally authorised to receive the
money, upon their giving such an acknowledgment es
would release the Portuguese Government from all
further responsibility in the matter. Mr. Paize e 00"
sidered this proposal fair and satisfactory, but could
not accede to it without first consulting his principals,
who, when consulted, appear to have refused to accede
to the arrangement.
" Mr. Smith further reports that, he has no doubt,
from a conversation which he has had with the Por-
tuguese Minister of Finance, that such a proposg.l
mill he submitted for the final settlement of this bus"
ness, as will be considered satisfactory.
"I a.n, Gentlemen, your most obedient humble
servant, (Signed) "CANNING.
" To Messrs. Mellhuish, Gray, and Co."

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR, —The Liverpool Times has an article on
the subject of the poachers who, the other do)"
were convicted of killing Lord Derby's game'
keeper, and argues forcibly and praiseworthili
to save the lives of all except the actual killer.
Now, seeing that there are at this time persong
under sentence of death in several gaols in this
kingdom, and many persons are anxious on the
'subject of their fate, I may venture to say Ott
in -future,- no persons NI ill suffer death for any
cffence. That most horrible custom has ceased'
Such is the-case, as all must admit whO remenr
ber the escape from death of Stolzer, who Wg6
'ordered for execution at the Old Bailey in No'
VeMber last, for as cold-blooded a murder 0
ever was perpetrated, but who, I am glad to
know, was reprieved from death and transports
‘'
for life, instead of being publicly strangled i°
the open street. This, of course, puts an end t°
the punishment of death, as it is morally impogi
sible that any one should, after the escape °
this Germaii,-suffer this barbarous punishment.
Your obedient servant,
Jan. 5, 1844. B. 1%

PROVIDENTIAL ESCAPE OF FIFTY-THREE FISI°11:
atxx.—On the morning of the Ist instant, at five o'clock, e'°-
fishing boats and fifty-three men left Aberdeen for the 6shirg;
ground, with light winds from the south-west. Soon vie,,
sunrise, the wind suddenly increased to heavy
gale, right off the land, and by ten o'clock blew
a hurricane, rendering their position almost hope;
less. Every exertion was made to pull in for
lanl, but their efforts were in vain, and they became
exhausted. By a merciful interposition of Providence, 1`"
Majesty's revenue cruiser Greyhound, Lieutenant Dooley, It
commander, was running to the southward at the time, and P._
in with the scattered boats, eight miles off the land, with 601".
crews so exhausted that to reach the shore was impossible, and
nothing but a watery grave before them. This humaneofficer and his gallant crew lost not a moment in affording
them every relief, and before noon had succeeded in
getting
every man on board, some of whom were upwards of seven.tY
years of age, so weak from exertion that they required to ofi
*" parbuncled" up the side of the cruiser. The boats were fe
taken in tow, and every effort made to preserve them and the
property ; but the gale continuing, and the sea increasing, snr°',,
of them already sinking or sunk, the last two were cut al
about three in the afternoon. It has since been ascertains
that all the boats had reached the shore in safety, e'"
cept two; and even these, it is to be ltoped, have bee°
picked up by some vessel, or made some harbour to tot
northward. The poor fellows were all landed in safe-ty 8f
Leith on Tuesday, the 2d instant, and taken charge ?,
by the manage rs of the Shipwrecked Fishermen and Mar;
ners' Benevolent Society. They embarked fur their homes °
Thursday, on board the Bonny Dundee steamer, at Grantors.'"
Edinburgh Paper.
DEAFNESS.—A highly interesting paper on tboe
efficacy of Arnica Montana in the cure of Nervous Deafness 'lt,
read on Saturday afternoon, by Dr. Cronin, of Craven-str,!.°o
ri
a
In the introductory part the lecturer observed, that tuv
was a wide distinction between Nervous Derangements
structural changes. After noticing the difference betweac;
deafness arising from mere torpor or increased nervous ahe
tion, and that which arises from structural alteration of te -
organs, he remarked that deafness was much more prevslB-f
than generally imagined, and attributed the frequent failure $
aurists to the total inattention to those distinctions. He nos al
entered into a general outline of the natural history, cheiei.°o4
constitution, and medicinal virtues of the Arnica, shcnif '
that it possessed stimulating properties, which were rapid
succeeded by tranquillising or sedative effects. That from 'so
relief afforded in several distressing nervous affections, be 11,44
induced to try it in Nervous Deafness ; that it was attend
with complete success. The Doctor then brought forww;...,
several well•marked cases, which, having resisted the ordi°l;',
treatment, were rapidly relieved by Arnica ; and coneludero,
most important and interesting lecture, which was listeneop,,
with marked attention by the professional and other g? t:
men who were present, by stating that the College of Physic
hadexpunged this valuable medicine from their present Pb its
maeopeeia, but hoped in their next it would be restored to
old place.
On ••Monday, the Bth instant, the Veneta-h,
Archdeacon Sinclair laid the first stone of the New Chaco.'"
St. John's, Kensington. The site of the church is on• of'
eminence opposite to lotting Hill, and commands a view ,ber
the whole surrounding country. The building will be in.eo" g•
Gothic style of architecture, and if the funds prove sufic%be
will include a tower and spire. Provision will be made for "b,
accommodation of 1,500 parsons. On Sunday last the Ar°t,
deacon opened for Divine Service the new National Seb".;
rooms in the Potteries of Kensington, preparatory to the erg,
tion of another church for the north-western portion of `.bat
parish.

BIRTHS.
the On the Bth inst., at Long Itchington, Warwickshire, th
of the Rev. C. Otway, of a son.
tin the 19ds ult., at Carlisle, Mrs. W. F. Simon, of a sg:o
On the 3d inst., at Tredegar-place, thehdy of J. 17.111
Esq., of a daughter.
ri•
Oa the 3d inst., in ' Cadogan-place, the WV iff of ~•
Bridger, Esq., of a daughter.
On the 4th inst., at Epsom, the wife of Arthur ,• .wl-
-
Woods, Esq., of a daughter.
On the bth inst., at Orleans, the lady of James Thomas
Esq., of a son. °
f
On-the sth inst., in Park-road, Regent's-park, the lady
Samuel J. Pullin, Esq., of a son. the
On the 6th inst., in Park-Tillage West, Regent's-VT."it !
lady of John Morison, Esq., of a daughter. fc On the 6th inst., the lady of the Rev. James Irall-
aha
Brighton, of a daughter. Kr
On the' 7th inst., in Notting-hill-square, °I, c
the wi'fe of J.
Esq., of a daughter.
Sir 111°
On the 7th inst., at Portman-square, th 4 lady of ,
, of
On the 7th inst., the
E. Bellingham, Bart., of a daughter.•
South w ick-place, Hyde-parkl.' uare, of a son. Johlr.
On the 7th inst.,-in Eat, q '
the I of ambit's!
n-square, wlB
of
On the 7th inst.
stone, Esq., of a dauglo "
lady of "Lames W. Deacon, .."4"
Regent-square.:
_...---!-
oar'rister, of a son.
the wife of Samuel F. Bilton, E5V.,.

MARRIED. °l.'
0" the 6th just at F iharn Church, Augustus Wallciaril i' mSt. ins t, u
-D., of Mary Abbott's-terrace, Kensingtoo, to.,„onri.
Margaret, only daughter of John Walls, Esq., of Bl°°`"
square.
eorg-
-0,_0.,

On the Bth inst., at Christ Church, the Rev.
Nett, eldest son of Majer-General Sir William Nett, ";,140'
&c., to Adele Elizabeth Helgar, only daughter of
General Ferrer.

---- .
DIED. reeti A. 9 . ~A.
On the Bth inst., at his residence, Upper Stamfor•-agto--
Mr. J)lin Rousfi el.!, formerly of Al anchest er, merchantOmar;to- .
On the 26th of August, at Singapore, Captain W• '", ssl:l''
On the 3 th of October, at Calcutta, W. A. Ton1J11", 0
of her Majesty's 10th Foot. age s,
On the 17th ult., at Wa:Amorth, Amelia FisiJer, 461
or
yytelarrss ;; onand tohne
tlhset
3odft J dy,aary, Caroline Elizak,eth, ilea
Mr. Joseph ConigrrAves
TaOhonurtdhien, Ist inst., flora"
Alice, aged .li year's, ; the eh .0
in Mornington 'crescent, blr•
fe#
of the Ci'.ancery Regi..ter.o.tfice. AO'
On the 3d inst., at AbbOt's...hill Derby, Elizabeth
lies of the late l'iles Munday French, Esq
sever , of olgOlte
On the 6th 4.est , Mr. TIL-maas Joseph : De - C ffil•
street, aged '66. . rieg, et'
On the 'Nth inst., at DaWon-terrace, J. A. A. i'''Br- ..strip,
?Tr rton 9
9n t`.,e. 7th inst., John Jones, Esq., of *Upper
~harle
'Jr a the 7th inst., at Studland, Dorsetsbire., Sir Charles
ed.
tou'ad Nugent, G.C. H., Admiral of the Fleet, age -----of
'-'-'7-r--t------!--4.,--.--
,L__. _ ---_--1--- .-------US'-'iti
Ler.ticn : Printed and Published by BIURJ 00
,„tr. strao6
No. 112, Strand, at The Sun (Ace, No • 11'244
a I '
the Counts of .Wlichilesext•Tuesday, Januat i -,