The Sun.
London, England, 1821-09-28 00:00:00

E ARMY.

Lord STENVA4T, whom his MAJESTY has been
pleased to honour with the command of the 10th

Royal Hussars, an -appointment filled by the
King himself • when Prince of "Wales arrived
at the Royal. York Hotel on . Tuesday,. the
25th instant. His Lordship on WednesdAy re-
viewed his distinguished regiment, and after-
wards was sumptuously_ entertained at the mess.
This day (Thursday) in, return, his Lordship
gives
.a dinner to the Officers.of -his corps, at the
York Hotel, for which purpose a line turtle,
weighing 103 lb. arrived there some days ago.
After the review on Wednesday, which exhibited
a fine specimen of high military talent and-db-
cipline, the subordinates of the 10th were re-
galed with a plentiful -repast,, by his Lordship,-
at the barracks.—(lJrightmz Gazette.)
The 13th Regiment have replaced the 23d
Fusileers in Dublin. The 33d Regiment left
Naas on Friday for Fermoy, previous to embark-
ing at Cork for the West Indies. The-RIG

Brigade marched on Tuesday from Fermoy, to
replace the 33d Regiment at Naas and out-
quarters. ; The 93d Highlanders marched from
Cork on Wednesday, to occupy the quarters of
the Rifle Brigade at Fermoy. The 93d are to
send detachments from. Ferrnoy to Tralee, Kil-
larney, Killorglyn, Graynall, Duncan-
non, Cloyne, Mullohead, Bantry, Bur island,
Whiddy Island. Lient."Col. Gordon is to com-
mand at Tralee, and Colonel. Creagh at head-
quarters. The 11th Regiment of Foot from
Portsmouth are to replace the 93d at Cork.—
The 39th Regiment will replace the 49th at
\V ater ford.

DUEL.—Early on Sunday morning, a meeting
took place in a field beyond Portobello, Dublin,
between J. 111—. N, and J. 11 T, Estirs.
both students of College. A-fter an exchange of
shots, in which the former's ball passed through
the latter's hat, the seconds interfered, and the
business was amicably terminated.

Govern-or-Jackson, on assuming his functions, issued his
proclamation. I learn to-day. that he is preparing some ordi-
nances on the subject 'Of our municipal police, which, if they
are promulgated in season for this conveyance, I- will transmit
to you. A strict system of quarantine, combined with salu-
tary internal regulations, vigilantly enforced, is indispensable.,
not only .0 secure our health, but, what is almost equally pre-
cious to us, our ‘, good name.' The long delay in the delivery
of this Country is on no account more to be regretted than as it
has prevented the earlier adoption of. precautionary measures
against the introduction of disease,to which we shall be rendered
peculiarly liable froin the very salubrity of our situation ; for,
as Pensacola is justly regarded as the temple of Hygeta, it is
resorted to from every quarter where infection shows itself.,
We have, however, thank Cod, escaped every thing like gene-
ral or dangerous sickness, scarcely a death having occurred
among our numerous and heterogeneous popttlation in the three
Months •I have resided here. I have heard, in this interval, of
only four deaths—one of a Gentleman who came here. from
Alabania, dying of a consumption, who expired a-few days
after his arrival ; another of a sailor from Orl.rans, who was la-
bouring under a dysentery when he left that City; which at last
killed him ; the third was that of a creole struck by lightning
a few miles below town ; and the fourth, as I remember, of a
Spanish soldier in the Hospital. There will hereafter be' less
danger of the importation of an epidemic, which, in truth, could
not spread to any extent in this place • and of the generation of
a contagious malady wehave not the slightcst.apprehension.
We may now, at length, felicitate ourselves out opening
prospects. Pensacola is destined eventually to become the great
emporium of the Gulf of Mexico, and to enjoy a large share of
the trade of the West. Under the paternal Government of
Jackson, we hope soon to emerge from the weakness of infancy,
and to escape from the restrictions of nonage. High expecta-
tions are entertained of his wisdom and- magnanimity in his
civil capacity. Of his courage and.- decision, his military
career has already afforded . conspicuous proofs. To the
hand that so ably wielded the weapons of war' against fo-
reign enemies are now committed the sword and tha scales of
justice, to weigh the rights of his fellow citi.eens, and to
mete out punishment according to the measure of their wrongs;
to 'him who so gallantly mood forth the champion of his coun-
try, is now confided the nurture and guardianship Of the last off-
spring of freedom, the youngest child of the family of free
and federated America. He will. feel the eleVation and respon-
sibility of the mist reposed in him, of protecting the rights and
promoting. the interests—of developing the resourc,:sof giving
tone to the character, and determination to the•energies of this
embryo sovereignty—and he will act under a full conviction of
his duty.
We have yet no 'press established in this city, though the
printing apparatus for the oflice of the Floridian, a gazette some -
tirat since announced to be published here, was shipped from
Philadelphia early in June. Indeed we are daily looking for
the "arrival of the publisher of a paper from the district of Co-
lunibia, whose pm-cos:as have been laid before the public. in
your journals. By a happy coindence, however, the Theatre
was opened for the first time in this city, on the very evening of
the clay which witnessed the change of flags. .-

Copy of the Paper in the English language, signed by the
Commissioner on the part of-the United States, and the Com-
missioner on the part of his Catholic Majesty, upon the late
delivery of possession of the Pro Vince of West Florida to the
United States. • • •

The' undersigned, Major Gen. Andrew Jackson, of the State
of Tennesse, Commissioner of the United States, in pursuance
of the full powers-received by him from James Monroe' -Presi-
dent of the tinitedState s of America; of the d ate of.M arch 10,1821/41,
and of the 45th of the Independence of the United States of Arne-.
rice, attested by John Q. Adams, Secretary of State ;- and Don
Jose Caiava, commandant of the Province 'of e:e Florida,
and commissioner for the delivery,-in the name of his Catholic
Majesty, of the country, territories, and dependencies of West
Florida, to the Commissioner of the United States,in conformity
with the powers, commission, and special mandate received by
him from the Captain General of the Island of cuba, of the
date of the bth of May, 1821, imparting to him therein the
royal order' of the 24th of October, 1820, issued and signed by
his Catholic 'Majesty, Ferdinand the Seventh, and attested by
the Secretary of State lion Evaristo Peres de -Castro :
Do certify by. these . presents, that on the 7, h day of July,.
one thousand eight hundred and twenty-one, of the Uhristian
ECra., and forty-sixth of the Independence of the United States, •
having met in the court room of the Government House in the
town of Per sacola, accompanied on either part by the chiefs. and
officers of the army and navy, and bra number of the citizens of
the respective nations, the said Andrew Jackson, Major-Gen.
and Commissioner, - has delivered to the said Colonel • Corn-
nlandant Don-Jose • Callava, his before-mentioned powers ;
whereby he recognizes him to have received full power and au-
thority to take possession of, and to-occupy, the territories
ceded by Spain to the United States by the treaty conclud-
ed at Washington, on. the 22d day of February, 1819, and
for that purpose to repair to said territories, and there
to execute - and to perfbrni all Such acts and things touch-
ing the provinces, as may be necessary for fulfilling his
appointment conformably to the said treaty, and the laws
of the United States, with • authority likewise to appoint
any person, or persons, in his stead, to receive possession of
any part of the aid ceded territories, according to the stipula-•
tions of the said treaty : M'berefore, the Colonel Commandant,
Dein Jose Callava, imniediately declared, that in Nil tee, and in
performance, of the power, commission, and special mandate,

." The new C.overnor, Gen.-Lord Da eirousig; appears to
advahce in popularity ; he made die tour of the Grand River
and parts. adjacent last summer, and listened with .the most
condescending -affability to the many petitions and representa-
tions made .to -him.. The Canadians appear to me to be a:peef',--:e
jealous in the extreme of their independence, rights, ard pria-i-
-leges, yet I 'do not believe his Majesty has a more brave or le:- 1
people in any.part. of the world foe his, aulajects-LI will ea:'.
none. The new Governor,-:froin an :urbanity of manners. ea's-
ness of access, and unrernittingeendeaaours-.to advance the me -
fort and prosperity of the Colony, has gained very greatly on to
, good-wilP,and esteem of ethe people at large. Many saintata-
measures .have been adopted this Session, such as remofjellirg
the Courts of 'Justice on a scale approaching' to those of West-
minster—facilitating the recovery of small debts in the 'PIC.
vinces--quarterly returns of all monies in the hands of the Re,
eel:Tr-General ; and I understand much is in contemplation
with respect to roads throughout the Country, and the meting
of • churches. • The populanon'of the Canaries is advancing very
rapidly--nearly 12,000 settlers came over lest year, notwith-
standing trade is in a very stagnant state, both at Quebec and
Montreal. The Ladies of the latter place have very meritoriously
associated to -afford assistance to those Emigrants arriving here
in poverty and distress. This charity has saved hundreds fropi
starving last 'season: They want no panegyric, the approba-
tion of their own hearts is sun :lent. (head workmen in tya
-country in any of the useful trades, are sure (if getting a good
living, such as carpenters, builders, smiths, .wlieelweighz,
millOrights, shoemakers, &c. An
ingy good hand .can earn an
equivalent, pertliern,'' to .the followprovisions :—A beslal
of wheat, 25 or 30 poundS.of meat, four bushels of potatos,
a pound of good tea, a gallon of rum, eight or ten pounds of
cheese or butter. Husolinclmen generally in times of harvest
receive payment in tenths of 'every crop. What a great thing
for a man with a family ! It may be asked why so many re-
turn home disgusted. and per:flyless ? I answer that very many
m coe.over destitute of elf resources ; they cannot find employ-
- -ment in the cities immediately on landing—they have no means
of support until-employment present itself-Ltheir hope is super-
seded by despair, and Misery succeeds. However, I am morally
certain that iieem an' Who • comes over here animated with the
spirit of industiy, and is in possession of resources to maintain
his family a few weeks, need despail of feeding them in abund-
ance. lint the. idle man had better steer his caurse.to any other
point'ofthecomPass than this. The folio:vile. singularadvanteaee
to the indigent settler is .practised where I. am e—A man may
have from an opulent land-owner. 'one, two; or three cows as
soon. as he has grass and hay enouglr to support them ; he pays
nothing; they remain with him three years, during which tiute
he reaps all the adfantages accruint from milk, butter, and
cheese foriiisfarnily. The sole condition of the proprietor is,
that the cows dm to be restored at the expiration of the given
-time,-together with the first call; other calves of course belong
to the borrower. Every emigrant car. obtain a portion of 109
.ores .of land7upon proper -application to his Excellency the
Governor. A log-house may be erected for 101. and six acres
of- land canbe cleared' for about 10 or 201. more. The settler
then has got over the grand difficulty, haying a 'sufficiency. of
food for his family, and he may then look round him and pursue
the course which appears most advantageoui. A man here Can-
na- be out of work. If he is not employed in his profession,
his land always claiths his labour, and-returns his exertions in
fifty.:fold value. I must at the. same time candidly admit, that
at the -present price of
,all produce of the. land, 'there is little
chance. of a man gaining much property in specie: my Maser..
vatioss apply solely to the facility of obtaining in abundance all
the necessaries of life. An estate can ,be purchased in Lower
Canada, consisting of 100 acres, with log-house, barns &c. and
perhaps -40 or 40. acres improved land., for two to three hundred
• pounds, and often much lower. The terms of payment are
very -may, probably 70 or 801. in cash, and the remainder by
instalments as the farm becomes improved. - • ..•
"'Lower Canada is for the 'most part divided into Lordships
and Seignories. Upon every 100 acres the. Lord -:claims yearly
one dollar-and 9 bushels of wheat. I know of no other demana.
• whatever.° The Scotch settlers being numerous, ofeoiirse there
are many- Pastors of the Presbyterian
,Church, but they bear a,
:trifling proportion: to the 'other • Dissenters. How,far this
most general seceding &Om the. Established Church may ulti-
mately operate it is not for me to say ; but I think the dedue.:
'tion is plain, that if ever the tla-y arrives that the EStablishedt
Clergy are to be supported by the COlonies, the error, where-.
eves it lies, will be made more manifest.—lfelieve me, &c.
* I got to mention that on every_ alienation of this
seignorial land -a twelfth of the purchase money is , claimed by:
the Seignior.
. _

. .
."We have had a few extremely cold days- this winter. The
thermometer was one day 30 deg. below the, freezing point:!
arm of the sea was • frozen • over at Halifax—a circumstance
never known to the oldest inhabitant. • .The snow retains on
theground from the middle of- November until the middle or
latter epd_of March; although iVis a curious circumstance, peo-;
pie are Sun-laird and tanned in the month of igareli, while the
ground it covered with snow! Thevegetation i 5 amazingly mpid;
the snow is no sooner gore than the-wild flowers- appear, .and
the whole land covered with raspberries and strawberries. The
wolves are pretty numerous in winter; many, of my neighbours
lost several sheep. It is necessary to keep the sheep well folded.
Oat great rascal of a wolf passed My. hduse within a yard of my
door ; however I was too late to get a shot at him. In the
auttipm, the hears often pay a visit to lhe torn fields, but they
are harmless, unless attacked and provoked ; they are very dif. -
&nit to kill, standing, many shot. A bear is no sooner wounded
by a.ball, than he makes a-plaster of leaves, fills up:the wound,
and•appears as tvell "as ever:' I know of no other destructive
animal: we are fhe from snakes and serpents, which is a great
matter."