The Sun.
London, England, 1844-12-17 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR.

WINDSOR, MONDAY. - Their Royal Highnesses
Prince Albert, the Duke of Saxe Coburg and Gotha,
and the Duke Ernest of Wurtemberg, attended by
the Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Charles 'Wellesley, Mr.
G. E. Anson, and Baron de Wangenheim, left the
Castle on horseback this morning, to shoot in the
neighbourhood of Cumberland Lodge. The royal
party returned early in the afternoon.
The Queen, attended by the Marchioness of Douro,
rode out in a pony .peton at noon, attended on
horseback by Major-General F-,:r Edward Bowater.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited
her Majesty and the Duchess of Saxe Coi,;,:re• and
Gotha this afternoon. _ _ _

Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and
the Princess Royal were taken out on their ponies
for an airing this morning.
The royal dinner party at the Castle this even-
ing included her Royal Highness the Duchess of
Kent, Lady Fanny Howard, the Countess Wratislaw,
Sir George Couper, Mr. George Edward and the
Hon. Mrs. Anson, and Captain Francis Seymour.
The band of the Scots Fusilier Guards was in at-
tendance during dinner. Her Majesty's private band
afterwards attended, and performed at the Castle the
remainder of the evening.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer had an interview
with the Lord President of the Counoi I yesterday, at
the Council-office.

His Excellency the American Mini ter transacted
business yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade.

The Lords' Committee of the Privy Council for
the affairs of Guernsey and Jersey sat yesterday in
the Council Chamber, to consider two petitions from
the Royal Court of Guernsey, touching the conduct
of the Lieutenant-Governor of the island. There
were present the Lord President, the Lord Chan-
cellor, the Secretary of State for the Home Depart-
tnrnt, Mr. Baron Parke, the Chancellor of the Duchy
of Cornwall, and the Judge of the Admiralty Court.
Mr. Roebuck, Q.C., and Mr. Waddington were
heard. Their Lordships then adjourned the case.

and as destitute as ever. But, on the other hand, the
utmost advantage may 132, taken of the present improve-
ment in the state of things, to introduce other measures
requisite for raising the condition of the people. Amid
the comparative ease and quiet produced by this large
momentary accession to the means and employment of
the people, the most favourable opportunity is presented
for improving the relations of landlord and tenant., for
establishing systematic emigration, for introducing ma-
nufactures—in fact, for effecting every and any change
that may be deemed most desirable. Such golden mo-
ments do not often occur in the history of nations ; and
it would indeed be melancholy were our rulers to regard
the present as merely serviceable for postponing for a
while the hour of justice, instead of seizing on it as one
in which a great effort may be made to better the condi-
tion of Ireland, with unhoped for ease and unhoped-for
certainty of success.— Chronick.

THE FRENCH CHURCH.

THE FARRINGDON CLUB.

The first annual dinner of the members of this club
took place at the King's Arms Hotel, Holborn-bridge,
yesterday evening. The chair -was taken by John
Buckmaster, Esq., Chairman of the West London
Union. Besides the Chairman, tibe following gentle-
men were present :—Dr. Lynch, James Patteson,
Esq., M.P., J. Bright, Esq., M.P_ R. Taylor, Esq.,
F.S.A., Michael Seward, Esq., E. Spicer, Esq.,
W. Spicer, Esq., Joshua T. Bedfard, Esq., Deputy
of the Ward, Dr. Sheridan, W. Wilson, Esq., Dr.
Simpson, S. S. Woolatt, Esq., J. 31. Barnard, Esq.,
W. Harding, Esq., Richard Williams, Esq., James
Ramshaw, Esq., 'James Charles, Esq., Mark Faver-
sham, Esq., John Sharpe, Esq., William Cumming,
Esq., J. P. Bernhard, Esq., Alex. Galloway, E.q.,
W. Carpenter, Esq., G. Walter, Esq., and J. Todd,
Esq., Honorary Secretary.
After the usual loyal toasts had been given and duly
responded to by the company,
The CHAIRMAN said he had now the gratification of
proposing the health or their esteemed and excellent
representative on his right, Mr. Patteson.—(Cheers.)
That gentleman had displayed an example of political
consistency and public virtue which had never been
excelled, and seldom equalled.—(Hear, hear.) There
were many persons in that room who could do much
greater justice to his deserts than himself, but he
would yield to none in sincere admiration of his past
services. He felt confident that on every occasion
that might arise, Mr. Patteson would be found pre-
pared to justify the confidence which they had reposed
in him ; and he therefore proposed the toast to the
cordial acceptance of all present.
The toast having been acknowledged with great
enthusiasm,
Mr. PATTESON said he felt deeply sensible of the
honour which had been conferred upon him, and he
trusted that his own deficiency would not prevent
them from giving him full credit for the gratitude
which he entertained. Ten years had now elapsed
since he first offered himself as a candidate for the
City of London. He need hardly remind them of the
circumstances under which he was first elected. The
King had, unconstitutionally, and, as they thought,
despotically, dismissed his Ministers; and in the elec-
tion which ensued they beat their opponents by a
majority of fifteen hundred. That was a glorious
triumph. The result of the struggle which took
place at that period was the ejection of Sir
Robert Peel, and the restoration :of the SYhigs to
power. The Tories were then defeated upon what
was called the appropriation clause. He could not
help regretting that the Whigs had not kept faith with
Ireland by standing by that clause.—(Hear, hear.)
Nothing injured them more than their desertion of
principle in reference to that subject. In the ensuing
election, the majo:-ity fell from 1,500 to 150; and
a petition against this election was only
stopped by the discovery of certain papers,
which proved that their enemies had them-
selves been guilty of bribery. There was a general
lack of enthusiasm after that period. The Whigs
declared themselves in favour of finality, as if
there could be any finality in the progress of im-
provement !—(Hear.) As the result of this state of
things, when he presented himself to the electors in
1841 he was rejected. A reaction, however, subse-
quently took place. The people learnt from a gentle-
man on his right, and from others who acted with
him, that what was wanted was cheap bread,
and the free trade movement produced a reaction in
the City. In the election in 1842 their opponents
were supported by a vast phalanx of intimidation and
bribery ; but notwithstanding all the efforts which
were brought to bear against the Liberal side, he
(Mr. Patteson) was triumphantly elected by the
middle classes of the City.—(Cheers.) The question
now was, what would Sir Robert Peel do for the
people of this country, or for poor, unfortunate Ire-
land ? A friend of his had, in conversation, ven-
tured a conjecture that Sir Robert Peel would carry
the repeal of the corn-laws. For his own part, he
did not care whether Sir Robert Peel or Lord John
Russell proposed such a measure, if it could only be
secured to the country. They had heard a great deal
lately of baths and washing-places for the. people.
Let them begin at the right end, by endeavouring to
give food to the people, and leave them to wash them-
selves.—(Cheers.) He congratulated the company
on the existence of this new institution. He was
convinced that it would greatly promote the cause of
civil and religious freedom in this land. In all parts
of London the conduct of the citizens was watched
with intense interest; and what took place in that
great city must always exercise a vast influence over
the whole of England. In conclusion, he begged to
thank them most cordially for the honour which they
had conferred upon him by the manner in which they
had responded to the toast.
Song by Mr. Turner—'
gentleman."
Dr. LYNCH (Vice-President) said, at the meeting
held in the new hall, they gladly seized the oppor•
tunity of doing homage to the great principle of free
trade.—(Loud cheers.) In the history of political
movements there was no parallel to the triumphant
progress made by the Anti-Corn-law League
(Hear, hear.) Little more than six years ago a few
gentlemen met in Manchester, in a small room, to
endeavour to rescue their townsmen from the m'series
which they endured through these laws, which fet-
tered the freedom of industry, and brought desolation
and destitution to the productive classes in this country.
The movement was at first merely local; it then be-
came provincial, next metropolitan, and it was now
national and universal.—(Cheers.) By its millions of
tracts, by its endless public discussions, by its argu-
ments written and spoken, by the speculations of the
closet converted into practical truisms in public, this
great body had secured the co-operation, and excited
the enthusiasm of the great mass of the people. The
League had taught the inhabitants of this country
that free trade was calculated to confer inestimable
benefits on mankind. It had released the minds of
thousands and tens of thousands from the trammels of
party. It had taught them to despise the terms
Ncph ;h'm b
e insulted by charity, by pseudo
Radical,"
trt of
seeking ando
united had
longerlle the% .
rpeal of th Tory"aelli and
nt hee' Rone gcorn-laws. If this
p n
were carried out, the people would
no
philosophy, by mendieity institutions, or by shaving,
iTigie
washing, and other humbugging associations of that
nature.—(Cheers and laughter.) Rich in the pro-
ducts of their own labour, having the world opened
to their competition, they would be able to despise
the paltry palliatives to which he had referred. He
believed, therefore, that the only remedy for the evils
of the country, was the speedy, immediate, and total
repeal of the corn-laws. He spoke at that moment in
the presence of a great missionary of the cause of free
trade; and it would not become him, under such cir-
cumstances, to enter more fully into that question.
He felt confident that they would all do justice to the
talent, the energy, the industry, the enthusiasm, the
honesty, and the disinterestedness of his friend Mr.
Bright.—(Loud cheers.) The conduct which that
gentleman had exhibited in his advocacy of that great
cause entitled him to the gratitude and admiration,
not merely of his fellow-countrymen, but of mankind
at large. With Mr. Bright were associated many
gentlemen of the highest, the purest, and the most
philanthropic character. Most prominent amongst
the members was the justly celebrated Mr. Cobden,
the indefatigable and eloquent advocate of the
great eternal truth, that that which God had
given to man, man was entitled to enjoy. If Mr.
Cobden only caused that principle to be fully recog•
nised, he would deserve to rank amongst the greatest
benefactors of his species—his name would stand con-
spicuous when those of factious Ministers and princely
monopolists would have passed down the stream of
oblivion. Between these two great and good men
one entire union of sentiment existed; the only
ambition by which they were actuated was to re-
lieve suffering, and to bind all mankind in one
common bond of interest and of brotherly love. Let
the principles of free trade be fully carried out, and
the prophecy of the poet would be fulfilled--
" Low in the dust oppression shall be hurled,
Her name, her nature, withered from the world."
(Cheers.) In conclusion, lie begged to propose the
health of Mr. Bright.
The toast having been responded to in the most
enthusiastic manner,
Mr. BRIGHT said it was a most grateful task to re-
spond to the sentiments which had been expressed by
Dr. Lynch, and especially that part of them which re-
ferred to the success that had attended the policy and
efforts of the Anti-Corn-law League. He hailed that
expression of sentiment as a proof that they felt that
their own interests were in no small degree bound
up with the operations of that body.—(Hear, hear.)
The League was the embodiment of the interests
and rights of the middle classes'' and, as such, it
deserved their hearty and cordial support. There
were two especial points of view in which the League
ought to be viewed by all who weighed its merits.
Six years ago, as they had already heard, that asso-
ciation commenced its labours, and from that time to
the present there had been no change in the principle
upon which it was first established.—(Hear, hear.)
They commenced by promulgating the doctrine
that the people had a right to the total
and immediate abolition of the corn-laws; and,
as a consequence, to the abolition of every commer-
cial monopoly. Up to that moment they had never
swerved, in the slightest degree, from this great prin-
ciple, although they had been visited with as much
obloquy as it was possible to heap on public men;
although attempts had been made by some to coax,
te wheedle, and to ensnare them into a desertion of
the principle with which they had started, he believed
he could say with the utmost sincerity and truth,
that, in the council of the League, the ques-
tion of giving up any portion of that
principle had never once been seriously dis- I

Although the_state of religion in France is not such
as to expose her to those conflicts and dissensions within
the Church which have lately engrossed so much of the
controversial energy of this and some neighbouring
countries, yet the position and the claims of the French
clergy, especially with reference to education, have given
rise to discussions of equal warmth and equal importance
to the well being of the community. These discussions,
however, are carried on, not between conflicting parties
in the Church, but between the Church and its temporal
opponents: they have less of a theological than a politi-
cal character; and the spirit of the contending powers
has been embittered by the peculiar position of each of
them at the present moment.
The Roman Catholic Church in France is the only
institution of that country which has not been pro-
foundly modified, in principle as well as in form, by the
French Revolution. On the throne, in the legislature,
in the courts of justice, and in society at large, the work
of the Revolution is conspicuous and cbmplete. A new
shape has been given to all that men respect and obey;
and these new institutions trace their descent from 1789,
with a sort of pride in the novelty of their origin. The
very men who have arrested the violence and the irre-
gularity of the revolutionary power have laboured to
consolidate the changes that power has effected ; and the
Revolution, including its first principles and its final
consequences, is as generally accepted as the basis of so-
ciety in France, as the British Constitution is in this
country. One power alone remains eternally opposed to
these principles and to these consequences ; one class
alone has preserved with comparatively little change its
traditioas of another age, and its allegiance to a fallen
race ; and especially since the catastrophe of 1830 the
clergy has exhibited its sullen distrust or its open hos-
tility to that system of government which has been
formally adopted by all the rest of the nation. In pro-
portion as the breach has widened between the Church
and the State, in spite of the pecuniary dependence of
the priesthood on the public Exchequer, the peculiar
political tendencies of the Church of Rome became more
and more visible. The power of the Church in this
struggle with all the other powers of the Government
was derived from its own external and internal organisa-
tion ; from influences which were either altogether fo-
reign to France or connected with what France had re-
jected ; and from its indestructible hold on the minds of
the Christian part of the population.
The consequence of this state of things has been to
revive very keen animosities between the clergy and a
large portion of the political world. It would seem that
there is a deplorable want of independence and of mode-
ration on the part of the religious laity, since they have
done nothing to check tile violence of the struggle
between the ill-advised defenders of the Church
and its direst enemies. The polemical writings of
the bishops and their OA* have been lamentably defi-
cient in talent and in prudence; whilst their opponents
are, for the most part, deficient in what is at least equally
essential to a just and pacific treatment of these great
questions—namely, a steady and practical belief in the
truths of Christianity. It is not enough for French
legislators, making laws for the whole body of their
countrymen, to profess for Christianity that kind of
frigid respect they might think it expedient to pay to
any popular superstition. Nor is it possible that the
Church should look with confidence, or even with sub-
mission, to legislative assemblies, to Stake councils, and
to public schools, where so much of actual infidelity still
--evens. No one will deny that in these great institu-
tions, z•hich the ablest men in France direct the policy
or instruct the of the kingdom, it would be vain
to seek for the spirit or t;:t; faith of men like Bossuet or
our own Arnold. The public se- ,:» more especially
have, without exception, the most opposiie co;;:.?_ivable
character; they are un-Christian, if not anti-Christian,
in the fullest sense of the word ; and, without wishing
to describe them with unnecessary harshness, we must
say that it is impossible that a Christian priest or a
Christian parent should be willing to abandon to such
establishments the exclusive formation of the character
of youth.

The whole question of the liberty or monopoly of
public instruction in France lies in the maintenance of
the exclusive rights of the University. That great in-
stitution is, to the scholastic establishments of the coun-
try, what the Code Civil is to her laws, and the legisla-
tive assemblies to her political constitution. It is the
form in which the great principles of the French Revo-
lution—equality, centralisation, and uniformity—have
been adapted to the education of the people ; and in
obedience to those established rules, it holds the standard
of proficiency which is the test to which every man is
subjected in entering upon life. The degrees granted by
the University are this recognised test of capacity and
industry ; and there is scarcely any civil liberaliprofession
on which a young man can enter without having taken
them. It is not contended by the partisans of the
Church, that any modification should be made in the
constitution or powers of the University of France ; it
is not denied that the State has a right to ascertain, by
these forms of academical examination, what the profi-
ciency is of men aspiring to enter the civil service, or to
follow medicine or the law. But the University requires
more ; it not only demands the exclusive right of con-
ferring degrees, but the exclusive right of educating those
on whom these degrees are to be conferred; and it would
even, if possible, prohibit the existence of any. public
absolute
schools whatevercontroi in the kingdom, not under its own
ntchipeallaobroduerrsofotfhtehehßigohmeirslki
iCndhsuorcrhinws•htricuhe
tiaorne
h
been proscribed in France ; but a certain
ntrool; schools or colleges, known by the name of
sndeueamvmvToeihbnteeealdrropies, still exist in various parts of France under
the sole management of the clergy. The principal ob-
ject of these seminaries is the education of priests, and
the certificates they confer are sufficient to obtain ordi-
nation from the bishops. But in the case of pupils not
-destined to the Church, or disinclined to its service, the
case is widely different. The seminaries cannot confer
those
e first
cdoiwns
tthri ona
cr
oavtnteh :h.tbeuctsidoet i
net
stdhaeeimyni its
anprareroi
professors
:sv)agoi
rrfeesr so caiulhasi oidcools,nr.
degrees, and the University will only confer them on
dhue Ic
pupilsstt
ep
doii srf
i;
tit
ohooneft
contended
th
ccaapet
lhlsqehea ask for
equality
Liberalssoht,
yc;
arahantn; onadhbdrodeteehl
htst
apawehfl
orvelieoersrpetefehadeninfnraseoostotntriotsiesoblrtaeuesttnimlnhhonosceesfleyel
belongs
spirithvefsaiefernutseosequalityui
pani
unmeasured
otodn fs
Universitytechatrt
nehsl
nbudeewer
eideitlmvndh.hl
efleoal
nduavaT eneed
the
libertyhnr:
tnnceuai
influence
ifFgeronoeroi
of the
tett'
hndhhecr
they
and founders of the existing Government are ready, if
necessary, to unseal the bitter phials of revolutionary
zeal to aid them in subduing the last effort of spiritual
power.

." The find Old English

With consummate address M. Thiers has availed him-
self of all these tendencies, existing to a greater or less
degree in all the important parties of the political
world ; and whilst the King is disposed to conciliate the
clergy, and the Min stry are anxious to prevent either
party from gaining what may appear to be a triumph,
M. Thivrs, in the able report of the Committee on the
Education Bill last session, appealed directly to the anti-
clerical passions, which exist as strongly amongst the
followers of M. Guizot as amongst his own. In Franco
Bills are not lost by the mere prorogation of the Cham-
ber, and the law which passed the Chamber of Peers last
session will be resumed in the Chamber of Deputies
during the next. That it will be passed in its present
form is exceedingly improbable, and that the clergy
should obtain from the Chamber of Deputies the full
toleration they require is altogether impossible ; but the
debate will be of sufficient importance to shake the hold
of the Government on the majority, to bring M. Thiers
conspicuously before the country as the defender of a
popular cause ; and will probably lead to the indefinite
postponement of the settlement of the question.—Times.
•

FRIGHTFUL ACCIDENT. - Shortly before nine
o'clock last night a dreadful accident, which, it is feared,
will be attended with loss of life, occurred opposite Ald-
gate Church, close by the junction of Aldgate with the
Whitechapel-road. About four o'clock in the afternoon
Mr. Dagget, a highly respectable commercial traveller,
in the oil and colour business, left Romford for the me-
tropolis in a gig with a high-spirited horse. On arriv-
ing near Whitechapel Church the animal shied, and im-
mediately afterwards started off at a rapid pace. By
the rattling of the vehicle over the stones he was much
frightened, and, notwithstanding the utmost exertions of
the driver, it was impossible to hold him in. At a
frightful speed he reached the corner leading to the
Minories, close by a large pile of new building, where,
unfortunately, two omnibuses were passing each other.
Mr. Dagget, to escape a collision, pulled one of the reins,
but the road being narrowed at that spot, and there
being a temporary platform for foot passengers, the
horse ran upon it, amongst the people who were there
crowding the pathway. The scene was frightful ; not
less than nine or ten p, rsons were knocked down, and
the pblicernan, Goodman, 591, City, who was passing
along his beat, was dashed to the ground with great
violence. The gig was instantly overturned, and the,
driver thrown out upon the pavement. A gentleman
who we have since ascertained is 70 years of age, was
knocked down and severely injured. lie was taken
into the shop of Mr. Davis, surgeon, of Aldgate, and,
after having had his wounds dressed, was conveyed to
his house in Red Cross street, Southwark. Mr. Dagget
is much cut about the head, and bruised all over
the
body ; but Mr. Merrit, of Leadenhall-street, having at •
tended him, he soon recovered se far as to give
an ac-
count of the manner in which the accident occurred. A
gentleman of the name of Wincklow was also much in-
jured. Six persons were conveyed to the London Hos-
pital ; but, upon inquiry last evening, shortly before
ten o'clock, the reporter was informed that three of them
left, being able to walk home, as soon as their centesions
were attended to by the house surgeon. Three others,
we regret to state, are still in the hospital seriously
injured. Goodman, the constable, it is feared, has re-
ceived ti eoneession of the brain, which renders his re-
covery very doubtful,
The popularity of Mr. Charles Dickens has in no
way diminished since his absence from his native land.
His forthcoming work his excited such an interest in
the public, that no less than thirty thousand copies of it
have been subscribed for, the best proof of what we have
asserted.-Court Jonrnal

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY/. fkVitNING, DECEMBER 17, 1t144.

cussed.—(Hear.) In one respect, however, the
League had undergone a remarkable change ; he
referred to the influence which it now exercised as
compared with that which it possessed five or six
years ago. Year after year they had witnessed its
growth, and he believed that at that moment there
vas no one political question which obtained a tithe
of the attention which was excited by the subject of
free trade.—(Hear, hear.) For many years they had
gone from town to town during the winter season,
and on every fresh visit they found that the cause had
made great progress. He believed no despotism ever
existed in this country which produced such terrible
effects as the operation of the corn-laws. In 1822
there were no less than 120 advertisements of sales of
farming stock in one single Norfolk newspaper, and
the condition of the agricultural labourer was too
well known to need description. In Wiltshire, Berk-
shire, and Hampshire, ani many other counties, the
labouring classes were in such a condition that the
most indifferent, besotted landlords, were beginning to
admit the necessity of doing something fur their re-
lief. —(Hear, hear.) llitherto they had trusted too
much to parties. The constituencies of the empire
could alone wrest the Government from the hands
of the factious ; and what constituency migl t so
reasonably be expected to take the lead as that of the
City of London ? He had nut the slightest appre-
hension that the oligarchy of this country would
drive the people to violence; they would do so were it not for the middle classes ; but with these latter it
rested to save the country from ruin. In order to
use their influence effectually, they must combine
together. Men who lived in the same ward must not
be estranged from each other; one ward must not be
estranged from its neighbour ward.—(Hear, hear.)
If they acted separately in municipal contests, they
must act together in Parliamentary contests.—(Hear,
hear.) He wished the City of London to
take its proper place ; if it did so, four free traders
would, beyond all question, be returned at the next
election. Let there go forth a great and powerful
voice from this metropolis to the electoral districts of the
country; let the great manufacturing towns of Lan-
cashire and Yorkshire, the representatives of the na-
tional industry, be combined upon this great ques-
tion; let them know their true position, and act up to
it, and no squirearchy, no dukes, no oligarchy, would
be able to prevent that final triumph of their cause,
which would, at the same time, insure freedom to in-
dustry, and the general welfare of their fellow-coun-
trymen.—(Loud cheers.)
Song—" The Oak and the Ivy," by Mr. Ransford.
Mr. Woon proposed " The Liberty of the Press,"
which, he said, was the best security for that of the
public. He referred, at some length, to the manner
in which the press had been crippled within his own
memory, fifty years ago; and, congratulating the
company on the changes which had since taken place,
called upon them to respond warmly to the toast.
The toast having been enthusiastically responded to,
Dr. SHERIDAN acknowledged it on behalf of the
press; and, on resuming his seat, proposed " The in-
crease of the Parliamentary franchise."
Glee—" King Canute."
Mr. CARPENTER proposed, in the absence of Mr.
Wakley (who had been expected but was not pre-
sent), " The improvement of the social condition of
the industrial classes of society." He said they lived
in times when all the ordinary channels of wealth
were said to be full, and those who possessed
money were not able to find employment for
it.—(Hear, hear.) Yet a very large portion of the
people were steeped in poverty, dying for want of
that very employment which money was not able to
procure.—(Hear.) If they wished to see the people
studious of cleanliness, they must first enable them
to obtain breed, otherwise they could not be expected
to take any interest in washing-houses, and places of
a similar description. He was quite sure that in that
company there would be no diversity of opinion as to
the sentiment, however there might be as to the
means of carrying it into practical effect; and he,
therefore, felt great pleasure in proposing this toast.
The toast was duly acknowledged by the company.
Several other toasts were subsequently proposed,
and the hilarities of the evening were extended to a
late hour. Messrs. Ransford, Jones, and Turner,
contributed most effectually to the pleasures of the
evening by vocal performances, which elicited the
warmest applause.

THE UNION HALL CASE.
ASSAULT WITH INTENT TO COMMIT A
FELONY.

" At Union-hall, a ruffian, described as mate of a mer-
chantman, was brought up charged with an act of fiendish
brutality, under the following circumstances :—He called
with a messmate on a poor woman, the wife of an acquaint-
ance of his, then away at sea ; and after being hospitably
entertained, in consideration of his intimacy with her hus-
band, the fellow repaid the kindness of his hostess by the
rudest and most scandalous conduct towards her ; and in the
struggle she offered to them, the poor woman's right arm was
broken. For this assault and injury, the sitting Magistrate
sentenced the mate (his confederate being on a voyage and
not forthcoming) to a fine of 51., or two months' imprison-
ment. We have not the Act before us under which Air.
CQt-
tingham pronounced this remarkable sentence; but we suppose,
as a matter of course, that it was the maximum penalty in-
flicted by the statute under the circumstances. Our complaint,
*therefore, must be, not of Mr. Cottingham, who must ad
minister the law as be finds it, but of the legislation which
has left him such a law to administer. Five pounds for the
serious and alarming and disabling injury inflicted by two
brutal cowards on a defenceless woman I"—Extract from an
article in The Sun, Friday, 6th inst.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sin,—lf you had had me at hand when you penned
your article relative to " the assault with intent to com-
mit a felony," you would never have cast any reflection on
my
legislative
whole
weightopfayr. eo nu trs , but
censure
t wo
hoauyled
fallenha
o n mrth
e
whole tote.
at Cot-
tingham, gy ho
ua ms
ows
e. did
Infoat
caodmmmi mini
rsit ears
stahuel t
ea
hwa
rags
eh
be
efobur no
udg ihtt,
before justices, and it appears on oath that the offence
was committed under circumstances with intent to com-
mit a felony, the justices have no power or authority to
proceed under my summary convicting section, 27
under my 29th section they are positively restrained
from doing so. Was it not proved before Mr. Cotting-
ham that the poor woman's arm was broken in resisting
the attempt to commit felony? Your report of the case
at the time says, Yes. It then became the imperative
duty of Mr. Cottingham to have committed this brutal
mate for trial, who, on conviction, would, under my 25th
section, have been liable to have been sentenced thus:—
" Where any person shall be charged with and convicted
of any assault with intent to commit felony, the court
may sentence the offender to be imprisoned, with or
without hard labour, for not exceeding two years, and
may also (if it shall think fit) fine the offender, and re-
quire him to find sureties for keeping the peace."
The justices have no authority, in a case where the
intent to commit felony is proved, to have any " opinion"
on it, as to whether they will proceed to a summary con-
viction, or commit for trial : the cases in which they
may exercise their " opinion" are assaults committed
under circumstances OTHER than " with intent to com-
mit felony" only. lam about to quote my 29th section;
be careful in marking the word "or"—do not construe it
as if it were the word and. You will see that the power
of restraint is positive with regard to assaults accom-
panied by attempts to commit felony, and discretionary
only in cases "other" than accompanied with such intent.
There is no power even given to the complainant to con-
sent to a summary conviction if the evidence discloses an
intent to commit felony;—neither the consent by the
party charged to submit to a summary conviction, nor the
consent of the complainant, nor the" opinion" of the
presiding justices, can legally warrant a summary con-
viction. My 29th section enacts—" In case the justices
shall find the assault or battery complained of (as a
common assault) to have been accompanied by any
attempt to commit felony (on shall be of opinion that the
same, from any OTHER circumstances, a fit subject for a
prosecution by indictment), they shall abstain from ad-
judication thereupon, and shall deal with the case in all
respects in the same manner as before the passing of this
Act."

Now, Sir, let me ask you, was the fault in the Legis-
lature by which I was made a law, or in Mr. Cottingham
presuming to make a law of his own—illegally? Instead
of the rascal being in prison, under a summary convic-
tion, from want of ability to pay the paltry fine of 51,
illegally imposed, he ought to be there for want of bail
to await a trial by a jury of his country.
Is there no person spirited enough to move the Court
of Queen's Bench to quash this notable conviction of
Mr. Cottingham's, and for a production of the evidence
in Court, and also for a mandamus to Mr. Cottingham, to
either bail or commit (for want of it) this brutal mate
for trial, for an assault with intent to commit felony, on
the evidence already given before him?
By the bye, there is another question. NVas this
scoundrel brought before Mr. Cottingham in charge of a
constable—taken into custody on the instant of the com-
mission of the offence, before a summons or warrant for
apprehension had been issued? This is a very material
point, on which my authority has been very grossly
abused of late, for justices have no power to summarily
convict for any assault, however simple, if the party
charged be brought before them in custody, neither a
summons nor a warrant having been first issued—(see
the enactment in my 33d section)—which states that
every offence punishable by summary conviction shall be
preceded either by summons or warrant; if by summons,
the service must be by delivering the same, not at the
dwelling of, but on the person of the party charged with
offence—so the justices cannot proceed under my
authority of summary conviction in any case where the
party is in custody without warrant.
It is an old saying, "Man, know thyself!"—so ought the
law to be so clear as to be able to explain itself. If then,
Sir, I, as the law, know myself, and have plainly dem,n-
strated that your insinuations against my legislative
parents were unjust, how grossly have I been abused in
using the use of my summary convicting power in
punishing a scoundrel, guilty of an assault with intent to
commit felony, by the imposition, illegally, of a poor
paltry fine of 5/, !—I am, Sir, your humble servant,
9 GEO. IV., CAP. 31.
Ilfracombe, Dec. 7, 1844. -

The sudden death of the young ar.d handsome Mar-
quise de Bethisy, eldest daughter of the Due de Bohan
Chabot, has caused the most melancholy sensations in
the higher circles of Paris. She had just risen from her
confinement, and was, to all appearance, in a perfect state
of convalescence, when she suddenly expired, before evil)
her doctor, who had just left her, could be called back.
Water on the heart is said to have been the cause of this
awful and distressing eatestropho,—Court Journal,

RAILIVA

IGENCE.

IMPORTANT RAILWAY MEETING.
Oa Saturday last, pursuant: to public requisition, a
most important meeting was held at the Court Ilonse, to
take into consideration the railway projected from Dublin
to Athlone by Mnliingar, with a branch to Longford,
which was attended by the principal landed proprietors,
farmers, and traders of the town and neighbflurhood.
Amongst the gentlemen present were the following:—
: Sir Richard Levinge, Bart., Vice-Lieutenant of the
county; Sir Montague L. Chapman, Bart., High Sheriff
(late M.P. for the county); Sir Percy Nugent, Bart.,
Hugh Morgan Tuite, Esq., M.P., Robert Smyth, Esq.,
1).L., and J.P. Gaybrook; John Malone, Esq., J.P.,
Rathcaslin; Janes Gibbons, Esq , J.P., Ballynegall;
John Ennis, Esq., J.P., -William Fetherston H.,
Esq., Carrick; Captain Robinson. R.N., llossinead, 1
J.l'. and D.L.; Colonel Caulfeild, J.P, Banown;
J. C. Lyons, D.L., and J.P., Ladiston; Richard Fether-
ston 11., Esq., J.P., llockview; Charles Arabin, Esq.,
J.P., Moyvoughly ; Godfrey Levinge, Esq., J.P.,
lean ; Henry Murray, Esq , J.P., Mount Nfurray ; Ni-
cholas Evans, Esq., J.P., Lough Park ; Torizno
L'Estrange, Esq., J.P., Lynn ; Captain Richard Le-
vinge, J.P. ; J. 11. Shiel, Esq., J.P., Cottage ; W. A.
Reilly, Esq., J.P., Bellmont ; Thomas F. Uniacke, Esq.,
J.P., Lynnbury ; Colonel Tuite ; William Fetherston
11., Esq., Robinstown ; Thomas Webb, Esq., Wardens-
town ; Charles Levinge, Esq., Levington Park ; Wil-
liam Murray, Esq., Thomas Courtney, Esq., 8.M., Rev.
Bond Hall, William M. Manton,
On the motion of Sir Richard Levinge, Bart., se-
conded by Sir Percy Nugent, Bart., Sir Montague L.
Chapman, Bart., high Sheriff, was called to the chair.
On the; motion of Robert Sinith,l Esq., seconded by
J. 11. Shiel, Esq., Charles Arabin, Esq., was appointed
to act as secretary to the meeting.
Sir M. L. CIIAPMAN, as chairman, announced his rea-
diness to hear any gentleman who had a resolution to
propose.
H. M. Tun's, Esq., then addressed the meeting at
considerable length, ad concluded by proposing the fol-
lowing resolution :
" That the competing line appears to us to possess in
a very inferior degree those requisites laid down by the
Board of Trade—inasmuch as proceeding from Galway
to Athlone, by Monte, and following nearly the line of
the Grand Canal, and joining the Dublin and Cashel
line at the town of Sallins, it is calculated to convey the
traffic of the southern portion of Connaught only, exclud-
ing the northern counties—and passing from the town of
Athlone to Sallins, in a line parallel and near to the
Dublin and Cashel line, instead of being a portion of a
Great Western line, it becomes, unnaturally, a western
branch to the Dublin and Cashel line."
Sir P. NUGENT seconded the resolution.
The resolution was put from the Chair, and carried
with acclamation.
Moved by J. Malone, Esq., J.P., Rathcaslin ; seconded
by Col. Caulfield, J.P., Bloomfield—.
" That, for the foregfiing reasons, we are of opinion
that the Great Western Railway Company from Dublin
to Athlone by Mullingar, with a branch to Longford, is
eminently deserving of our most hearty and cordial sup-
port, as being the Company which has given the most
sterling proofs of speedily carrying into effect a work of
undeniable public utility."
Carried without a dissenting voice.
Moved by 11. M. Tuite, Esq., M.P. ; seconded by
Thomas F. Uniacke, Esq.. J.P.—
That the high Sheritl do leave the chair, and that
Sir Richard Levinge, Bart., be called thereto."
Moved by H. M. Tuite, Esq., 110 seconded by God-
frey Levinge, Esq., J.P.—
"That the marked thanks of this meeting are due, and
hereby given to the High Sheriff for his conduct in the
chair."

Sir M. L. CHAPMAN returned thanks, and the meeting
separated.

LONDON AND YORK RAILWAY.
The London and York Company have sent down from
London a troop of no less than fourteen gentlemen to
make copies of the plans, sections, and specificatir n
books of all the lines opposed to their own ; and the
Lincoln solicitors connected with the Lincoln and Cam-
bridge and other lines hostile to the London and Poi k
have each clerks acting in a similar manner. Several of
the gentlemen are law-stationers' clerks, from " the
Lane," and the curious in diving into manners and habits
have been much amused by u peep of the company at
their work. They are copying in the room at the end
of the City Assembly-rooms, seated at a large table.
Upon this table there are large heaps of snuff upon sheets
of paper; and every few minutes a finger and thumb is
darted into one of the piles, the article conveyed to the
nose, and the pen, in an instant, is heard scratching
along at renewed speed. There is also upon the table a
liberal supply of porter, which is sipped at, until the
measure is empty, when it is refilled and again gradually
drained. The ink is in tea-cups, and the gentlemen are,
without exception, the most rapid writers we have ever
seen. Besides the gentlemen copying the plans, &e.,
there are also other parties taking the traffic, and making
arrangements for the forthcoming Parliamentary fight,
so that the inns are half filled with railway people. The
preliminary expenses of the various companies must be
tremendous.—Lincolnshire Herald.

YORK AND SCARBOROUGH RAILWAY.
On account of the enormous prices required by the
proprietors of land near the intended terminus at Scar-
borough, the site has not been finally fixed upon, and
the labourers arc all paid oft'. We trust, however, that
arrangements will speedily be made, and that no ob-
stacle to impede the undertaking may be thrown in the
way at this advanced stage of the project.—Yorkshire
Gazette.

MANCHESTER AND LEEDS RAILWAY.
We understand that a resolution was passed at the
Board last Monday, referring to the revision of rates
mentioned by Mr. Houldswortb at the meeting of the
Leeds and West Riding Junction Company. It is, first,
to construct forty new third-class carriages with seats,
and covered in ; secondly, that the second-class should
all be glazed and made comfortable ; and, thirdly, that
the first-class fare should not exceed 2d. per mile, and
that the minimum for short distances should be reduced
from ls. 6d. to is., and second-class to 9d. This ar-
rangement, with the great intermediate traffic, will be a
considerable reduction.—Herapath'c Railway Journal.
WAKEFIELD, PON FEFRACT, AND GOOLE
RAILWAY.
This is a scheme which departed from all railway pre-
cedent. It came out with all its capital subscribed, and
no one was allowed to have any shares unless he hail
property on the line. If the London and York obtain
their Act, all the Manchester and Leeds traffic will be
thrown upon it in connexion with the Hull and Selby.
That traffic, in addition to its own, would render it a
very valuable property. The Company are, moreover,
insured a per cent., and a share of the surplus profits
by the Manchester and Leeds Company, who take half
of the shares. It is reported that the Aire and Calder
Navigation Company, and the Wakefield, Pontefract,
and Goole Railway, have agreed to terms acceptable to
both, and which is calculated to insure the passing of the
Bill.—Herapath's Railway Journal.

NORTH BRITISH RAILWAY.
Having had occasion lately to inspect part of this line
of railway, among other subjects the stones laid down
at the different parts where tunnels, arches, or bridges
are about to be erected came under our notice. These
stones have been brought from the quarries of Swinton
Quarter, Edington Hill, Toadhaugh, and the Crow Butt;
the stones are very different in quality; those from the
quarry of Swinton Quarter are not of a laminated or
beddy nature, but the face and bed are of the same so-
lidity, while those of the other quarries have all a ten-
dency to a seamy or thin beddy nature, and, therefore,
will be subjected to decay by the weather. We would
call particularly the attention of the inspectors of the
works to this.—Berwick Warder.
Recently a " compensation case," in which this Com •
pany was concerned, was tried before the Sheriff of
Berwickshire. The claimant, a Mrs. Coniston, asked
4,0001., and the jury awarded 2,253/. 35., being, says the
Kelso Mail, " only 31. 3s. more than was offered to Mrs.
Coniston a week before the trial !"—Railway Record.
COST OF FRENCH AND ENGLISH
RAIL WAYS.
The cost of the Paris and Rouen Railway is put down
by Mr. Laing, of the Board of Trade, at 24,0001. per
mile ; Paris and Orleans, 24,0001 ; English passenger
railways, generally, 3.1,0001. ; and the average of the
Birmingham, Great Western, and South-Western lines,
47,0001.—Railway Record.
BOULOGNE AND AMIENS RAILWAY.
Bazaine, engineer of the Ponts et Chauspes, has
accepted the appointment of engineer in chief of this
line. He is a man of experience and ability. The line
from Strasburgh to Bale was executed under his direc-
tion, and was done with economy aud celerity. The
principal portion of the north line has also been executed
under his superintendence. The Company is, neverthe-
less, not deprived of the assistance of Mr. Cubitt, who
continues consulting engineer of the Conapany.—Bailway
Chronicle.

THE PARRICIDE MART GALLOP.—FULL COSTES..
SlON.—This female, for the murder of her father at
Monks Coppenhall, is left for execution ; and Baron
Gurney has fixed the day for Saturday, the 28th instant.
It will take place in the front of the city gaol, at eight
o'clock in the morning. The trial took place in a court
most densely crowded, and the means of defence were
furnished by one of the Society of Friends resident in the
neighbourhood, and in whose employ the deceased had
been for several years. The chain of evidence was so
complete as to leave not a doubt of the guilt of the pri-
soner. Immediately after her return to the gaol, the Rev.
Mr. Eaton, the Chaplain of the Castle, impressed upon
her mind the awful consequences of the change that
awaited her, if she continued obdurate, and died LS she
lived, impenitent. On Sunday last she acknowledged to
Mr. Eaton the fairness of her trial, and the justice of her
sentence, and made a full revelation and confession of
her crime, which it is at present sufficient to say, con-
firms every tittle of the evidence given on the trial.—.
Chester Chronicle.

THE HAIR.—Of the numerous compounds con-
stantly announced for promoting the growth or reproduc-
tion of the hair, few survive, even in name, beyond a very
limited period; whilst " Rowland's Macassar Oil," with a
reputation unparalleled, is still on the increase in public es-
timation. The singular virtues of this successful invention
for restoring, preserving, and beautifying the human hair,
are too well known and appreciated to need much comment.
The very facts of the high and distinguished patronage it
enjoys, its general use in all countries, together with nu-
merous testimonials constantly received in its favour, are au-
thorities which stamp its superior excellence and title over all
attempts of a similar nature. Being universally preferred,
its consequent great demand excites the cupidity of un-
principled shopkeepers, who vend the most spurious trash as
the "genuine' Macassar Oil: whereas the genuine article is
wholly the invention and property of A. Rowland and Son,
and the amalgamation of its costly exotic materials renders
abortive any attempt to discover its component parts—thus •
proving the imposition of all other articles bearing the title
of " Macassar Oil." The genuine article has the words
" Rowland's Macassar Oil" on the wrapper.—All others are
fraudule,e. cotuiterfeits: