The Sun.
London, England, 1828-06-14 00:00:00

PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

J• Braddock and J. Cowles, Wellingborough, North.
amptonsliire, wine-merchants—J. Cavill and G. Shillibeer,
Bury-street, Bloomsbury, coaehruakers—D. Cooke, and J.
Pinder, Searberougb, linen-drapers--J. Gann
arid W. Dickinson, Fencburch street, tailors-IJ. E. Har-
vey aid W. West, St. Erth, Cornwall, ironfounders-1
Nau►tnan, J. Prosser, and J. Edwards, Bow-lane, tea-
dealers—S. Hyde and F. Gard, Exeter, woollen-drapers
—C. H. Jennings and J. Smart, Edgeware-road, victual-
lers—W. Moston, T. andJ. Lord, H. Webb, and E. Butter-
worth, Manchester, packers-_T; Sankey
and N. Harvey,
Caial.bridge-wharf, Kent-road,coro-slesmeri—J. War-
mi►gten, Plaistow and J. Bsybs, Great Ilford, Essex,
graziers.

.t
SCOTCH SEQUESTRATION.
M. W. lvison, and R. Cliarlem, Gia tgow, ate ve int%

I'RADE.—The trade between this city and
London is rapidly improving. On Saturday evening,.the
Tourist steam-packet arrived off Newhaven, with upwards
of 400 packages, chiefly for Edinburgh, Glasgow, and
Paisley. This was rather above the vessel's room,
burden,:and the master placed some of ,the weather-proof
merchandise on deck, and covered them with tarpaulins.—
This cargo was folly a third larger than the last.--.-Scots
man.

LONDON MARKETS.
NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL MARKET&
At per stone, by the Careahn
s. d. to.. d. r. d. toe. d.
Beef 2 'ti - 3 81 Veal .
mutton v.4b• 3 8 5 0
6 3 Pork 4 0 5 5
LanTh 41. Ocl. to ss. 6d. •
Rent Pockets

b.issex Pint).
Fspx Ditto.

Lam Bitfo,

Kent 8ag5.,.,,
Sussex Ditto
Essex 110Peto+.,

:E..1 OF HOPS.—June 13.
51. Os. 51. 1,24. ;to
41. 15s. 61. .t 9 5/. Bs.
• ter. as. to 5/. 12s.
T. Os. P/. Os. to 91. 15s.
Os. 81. Os to 91. Os.

Secenda

4/, la& 51. fli. to 51. 51.
--▪
wo• M 4i. 4s. 41. 10a. to 4/. 151.
41. 45. 41. 12s. to 51. Os.
O•
ld Duty laid at A:130,00a

WHITECHAPEL -lAY MA Itti C.-4tioc
day 725. fkl. to 975. (RI. I Clover oes... VO.g. OLL tb 115 s. 0(1.
Straw.---_,326.. Ott. to Itis, tkt.

New V

Mtddlinl

PRICE OF rotkrOES.--,314ne 13.
re •-• 01. 12s. to 0/. 12s. per ewt.
OZ. 74, to 9/, fisjitt'''.

tRICE QF 01
Rape Oil, brown 1/1. Refined 0
Linseed Oil • _ 17 10
10 10
6 0

Linseed Cake at'ttre bill!, per thousand
Rape Cake, per tdit

PRICES OF
. Per lb. d. to '
Eutts....--...50 to :Alb.— 20 21
Ditto to 061 b.— 22 VS
nresslng Hides 14 1/
Floe Coach tildes
Crop Hides, 35 to 401 b. It 10
to &lib. RI 18
Ditto 18 20

LEATH HER.

Per ta.
Tanned tinhe HIM:. I. 17
SparitSill)ittO 20 25
Pet dozen.
Skins—W to 401 b. 19, 23
Ditto to 701 b. 23
Ditto 70 to 1301 b. 2% 23
Small Seals, Greenland 18 19

• RAW HIDES.
rer Stone. . s. d. to s. d. Per Stone. s. it. to s. d
Best Heiters&Stoers3 0 3 4 Ordinary I It) 2
Middlings—.4...,---2 6 2 9 Mai ket Cattt..s.

R

SkIKEY SKI NS.
2s. tki. tons. &l. OF. 01 to Os. 7J.
thi. co Os. Oct,

PRICE -or. TALLOW, SO X-P, pet-figib.i.—June
Town Ta 40s. Od. Yellow 745. Od.
Yellow Rinds • • - 393. td. Mottled 80.. Od.
White 10S• Od. White. Od.
Soap Ditto • - Od. Graves 20s. Od.
Melted Od. Good s', Od.
Ditto Rough,...--.....21‘. Od.

„,„,„ --` •
01.” RAW FAT, per stone q 1 .s.b.--June 13.
....11,uo by Tallow (as stated by the Tallditr tlelters) 2d,

YEil E
The Mk* NT.I.• :S.
of Stove Csindsts, in the retail shops, ig ag follows
Catkales, per 51ce.....10X1. to (4.Ckl. Mo.t!ds, per'slosem (id.

COAL MA RK.I.X.--June 13.
32‘. 9.1. Walls ind Newinrch.,
—3O 6 I)itto Perkins and Co. 32 9
Hebburn Mat 33 0 Dittn 33 6
—.— 33 Q Man Russell's —35 0
31 U Russell's 33 h
Jestriond New....05.,.....411. 26 9 Walk End Hettoia--- 36 0
Killingworth - 32 6 Walk End Lainbton— 35 9
Ord's I‘e3htigh 2B 6 IValls End Lyons— 33 9
Petty Last Si 6 Ditto Stewart's 36 0
31 9 Russell'slletton'sW.E. :15 3
Willington 32 9 Calm Pen bury 25 0
Wylara 31 9 Elgin Main 31 6
Wall's End Browns.... 32 3 Hartley 29 0
Ditto Burniton 3g 0 AO/atone 31 0
Ditto Carraial Co. '•• 20 0. Garsherrie 3() 0
Ditto Clark! altcl 11.'0, 30 6 Walls End Nutt —.... 22 0
J)itto Crathriligton.-- 28 3 Lambton small 22 0
Nth) iiilda 30 9 Tantield 'Fruiter— 31 6
Oitto Northumberland 30 9 Liddell's Trader.......-- 29 0
Ditto Peareth 30 0 Old Etherley 5ma11..... 19 0
Ships at market, '7o3(—Ships sold, 46%—thisotit, 24q.

1 A t61:1
fteattmont

Beaton

(From the London grew Pdce Current of Friday.)
• • Eitfraast,:-.The transactions in Muscovades have been on
the most ektensive scale this week ; and as the holders have
been nearly as anxious to effect sales as the buyers to pur-
chase, there has been little variation in the currency ; the
sales are estimated at 5,200 hhds. and tierces hiring the
week.—To-day the sales of Muscovades are on a more
confined scale than usual, owing to the few good new
Sugars that are left on sale. We never knew a period
when the supply of refined goods wax so inadequate to the
demand, and the scarcity of goods is not confined' to one
description, but extends from the finest to the lowest
quality of refined ; the fact is clear that the late Ministers
have, by their measures, diminished, if not destroyed, this
with other great staple mazinfactures, and when the de-
mand arises, the few refiners that are left are unable to
supply the demand. We cannot quote a great advance, as
purchases to any extent cannot be made ; but for the
parcels that offer, prices generally is. higher, have been
oLtained. This afternoon the same scarcity of goods and
the same anxiety to boy continues, without producing any
further marked alteration iu prices. Molasses are rather
lower.

Foam); SUGAR.--The stock here in first hamls is re-
duced to about 400 chests white, 50 chests yellow Havan-
nah, and about 400 chests Brazil. The sales this week are
fine white Havannah, 48s. 6d. ; yellow is also much in-
qui red-after--400 iheeits Pernams sold, brown, 255. a 275.,
middling white, 265. ; 100 chests. Rios sold, good yellow,
315., low white 365., and good 40s. —lhe demand for all
descriptions of Foreign Sugar continues, but there are ne
adequate supplies. The whole sold at full prices.
EAST INDIA Soca as--Purchases of aimall parcels of
Bengals are reportt4l at very full &ices. `Zorly in the
week 5,100 bags Mauritius were brought forward, the
flue and grocery descriptions sold freely and at full prices.;
the low yellow and brown went oil heavily This forenoon

dig public sale consisted of 3,539 bags !►Mauritius. The
following were the prices :—Yellow, good ditto; 58s. 6d. a
61s. ; ditto middling ditto, 565. 6(1. a 58s. ; ditto low
ditto, Ms. 6d. a 565. ; ditto fine, 61s. Gd. a 635. ;
&Own, good to fine, 535. a 545. ; ordinary to middling,
51s. 4525. 6d.

COFFEE.—The public sales of Coffee this week have
consisted chiefly of British Plantation descriptions, which
have sold freely, and.. at rather higher prices.—A parcel of
ordinary Brazil sold at very high" rates, 355. and 355. 6d. ;
Ceylon 325. 6d. a 355. ; pale good ordinary St. Domingo
355. By public sale this afternoon 245 casks British
Plantation Coffee, Jamaica and Demerit's; good middling
Jamaica sold at 735., middling at 695. ;
.Chiefly
Demerara taken in at 68s.—Generally Jamaica Coffee may
be stated brisk and 2s. higher; other deicriptions unvaried.
Rem, BRANDY, and Ilou..usus.—The orders for Rum
appear extensive, but the buyers expect to purchase on
lower terms when the supplies become more abundant.
The only sales we have at present to report are parcels of
fine Jamaica, 4s. 2d. to 4s. 4'tf. : Demerara 28 to 30 over,
at 311..8r1. ; Leewards, proofs and two over; at 2s. 2d..
and some parcels free on board at proportionate prices.
Brandy is heavy; Geneva unvaried. At a late hour to-
day, purchases to the amount of nearly 350 puncheons of
Rum transpired; chiefly fine Jamaica, 29 to SF over, at
4s. a 4s. 4d. '

/IMP, FLAX, and TALLow.—The Tallow market has
been heavy and declining. Ira Hemp or Flax there is little
alteration. • The letters from St. Petersinargla are dated the.
28th of May. Exchange 10141. Tallow 97 and 102
rubles. Hemp 93# cut. 95 —Flax 90. '

hliff PROV/SIONS.-Beef is very heal/-; Pork on the
decline. Bacon continues in steady demand; Butters are
. .

t tie varied.

INnino.--1 he arrivals of Indigo are about 6,000 cliest.
The approaching sale is now estimated at nearly 10,000
chests ;' there are no purchases of any extent to report.
TonAceo.—Tliere are no purchases worth reportiug.
SPICES.—The inquiries after Cloves, Cinnamon, and
Pepper, are continued; other East India Spices are neglecte4l.
The late sales of Pimento are ord. and middling Bid. a
Bid:
' Hon.—The duty from 130,0001. has fallen to 120,0001.
The accounts front the Hop districts are rather unfavourable
to--day; but few or no transactions in Hops ate lately re-
ported.

Ous.—lti Fish Oils there is no alteration ; the sales of
Seed Oils are on extensive scale.

COUNTRY CO

Per t uarter.

riaßi
nptoke
_Bath

idgewe

CheAtertield •
Derby

Dorchester—
Exeter
ELungerford
Itorusey
Shaftesbury
Sheptou Mallet
Sherbonie
Taunton
•••••••••••••••...W...
Per Bushel.
Shrewsbury

,M43_.#11

Wheat

54 60.
4R 62
48 60
53 55
52 56
5.2 56
3ti 58
44 56
17 59
42 e 2
58* G 2
48 t,6
454 63
-""
42 ra 55
55 as

27 32
29 34

.3'2 :IS

A.tiAi THY. W LEK

Oats.

59
52 ;38
511 56
48 s
50 58
e. d. s. d.
80 84

23 • • 28
211 27
21 No

Bums.

38 43
40 48

16 24
24 28
23 25
23 29
17 '
22 25
?I 21
20 28
IS 31

40 4S
42 50_
46. 49
47 51
43 - bU
42 . 50

31 32
26 21
25
25 31 '
21. 30,-
26 32
-
30 33
28 30
- 28
28 30
24
29 30
8. d. 11.4.
49 6

58 60
38 GS
- 42
'36 42
48 64

21 ••.M:1
23 26
25
20 30
22 26
18 22
24 26
s. d. s. d.
48 66

33 40
42 48
40 4:3
40 42
s. cf. s. (I.
00 00

. . SOUTHALL 11...
At. this day's market, which was well supplied,and r;;_
they numerously attended both by town and country
buyers, each Lind of fat stock met with a heavy sale, at
the following.prices per stone of 81b. to sink the olials :--
. • - ' Jamb - .55. Od. to 6.;. OLi.
Beef. -.. :is. 4d. to 45. 6:d. Veal ...»•..._..45. al. to :)5. 24.
Mutton ~......r... 3 6 4. 6 15 Bork .—...,.. 4 4 4 8
The foregoing quotations arc ecf and Mutton 2d., Lamb 40.,
and Veal from 2d. toad. per stone beneath thew: of thiaday se'n-
night ; at which Pork wag stationary. A considerable part of
the supply left the market unsold.

LEWES MARKET.—June 10.
Beet-- Is. I(kt. to 4s. 6d. Veal Os. 04. to Os. ect.
10m Ind' 4 0 4 8 Pork 0 0 0 0
Lamb 4s. Sd. trl ss. 4d.
Supply for the time of year moderately good, and trade on
the whole dull.

• MANCHESTER SMITHFIELD.—June 11.
At per lb., Md sinking the °. •
:4,•2fa Sheep_,..,.., to Jil. ,23 6.1. to VI
;140( attic
,--4
.(4 146 Pigs
4934
Lam), at f3ad. to lid.

FOREIGN iNtELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.

. .
(From the Gazette de Fra'n'ce, dated Thiladay.)
MAY 10.—All the new concessions
of the Porte haVe proved fruitless, as might have been ex-
Oeted. On the other hand, the expected. result of its ob-
stinacy has arrived ; we are at war; Pent has had its
siens dispelled ever since the 13th. On that day we re-
ceived the news of the passage of the Pruth by tlne'RtMalts,
as well as the Russian Manifffittns eta taunt Nesselrode's
letter to the Ct'at.tl The Damn iruniediately
an extraertlihal•Y meeting. Its -sitting's have since been
IMi both day and night, and yesterday war w4satiiioiniced
by pniclimation in xll :the market pliteeS, and iii-all the
MosqUe43. the MtcasAltne; i'eCitved ibis news with the in-
dilfe'renee Whi,h.. is a consequence of ,their religious-ftith,
the public tranquillity has nut yet been interrupted for
a single moment.

MAY 19.—(Ft otn another Correspondent);—The
Porte received
.on • the 14th the Declaration of -War b 5,
Russia, and on the lfith news of the-passage of the
Pruth, Comtlitsiiiners of the Divan publicly announced
thh becliration of War in the market-places and the
mosques. At the same time an -Ordinance was issued for a
general arming, strictly enjoin all the Dlussulmans to
unite for the defence of their religiOn- and their country,
and to go to the resitterWe of the Chief" of the several
quarters to receive arms. it is by these measures that
the Porte has answered the Declaration of Russia; and it
•is preparing to support the'contest: At the smile time it
has htatle the European Ministers acquainted with its
resolution, requesting them to inform their respective
Courts that it was going to try the fortune of arms in de-
&het of its incontestible rights,.and that it would rather
perish than suffer laws to be dictated to it, so long as it
had arms in its hands.
• To the general surprise, the tranquillity of Cm capital
has not been interrupted in this critical moment. The
Standard of the Prophet, which is generally displayed Out
all declarations of war, has not yet been hoisted. ' -• •
.No fears of excesses are entertained at. Pera‘ M. d'Ot,
tenfels„ who was going to the bathsatt Brussa; has resolved
to remain at his post. The troops that were thd
capital have been ordered to assemble at.Boinnuk Caekine
,several detachments of regular troops are already gone
thlthet.

The Asiatics, not trained to the European discipline,
have not hitherto made any preparation for departure. On
the whole, the appearance of the city is nu more military
than it was a few days ago.—dluysburglt Gazette.
ODESSA, MAY 23.—We expect every moment the fleet
limn Sebastopol, which -ha 14,000 regular troops on
board ; the transports hired by the Government have re-
ceived orders to join it. They arc laden with ammunition
and provisions for four months. The Empress is expected
to-day.

VIENNA, JUNE 2.—The Emperor of Russia is expected
at Bucharest. The bombardment of 'brad (Braila, or
Brailow), commenced on the 22d; several Turkish de-
tachments, which came out to forage, have been made pri-
soners by the Bussians, who have cut off the communica-
tion with the fortress. All the trees and houses in the
environs have been burned by the garrison, that. the bat•
teries may be able to act. The Russian troops in the-camp
are engaged in making fascines and ladders, and g'is sup-
posed they mean to carry the place by storm. Braila never
yet has been taken, and it would be regarded by the Turks
if it should be so soon taken.

Active preparations are making for the passage of the
Danube, which, it is said, will take place on the 28th.—
Augsburgh Gazette. •

Feel:en FUNDS, JUNE 11.—Fivr per Cents., 104 f.
101 f. 10c. 20c.; Three per Cents., 691. 95c. 701.701.
sc. ; Bank Actions 1,9251. 1,9201. 1,925 f. ; ltentes des
Naples, 75f. 74f. 95c. 75f. 74f. 95c. ; Rente d'Espagne,
9; Royal Spanish Loan, 731. 3 ; Rentc perp. d'Es-
pagne, 493 5043 SO 5011 503 ; Ifaytian Loan, 6551:
Exchange on London—one month (money), 25f. 25c.';
three months, (money), 25f. 15c.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS, JUNE 13.

The LORD CEIANCELI:OR took his seat' at ten
minutes past five o'clock.
Sir A. GRANT and others brought up a copy of
the Iteport made by the Select Committee appointed
in the Session of 31;21, to take 'into consideration
the salmon Fisheries of Scotland, and the United
Kingdom. Also the appropriation Bill for applying
the Surplus. of the Ways and Means for 1828.
Lord DE DUNSTAN-VILLE preseutcd a peal.-
tion against Slavery.
Lord MAYNAItO
presented a petition from the
Colchester Agricultural Association, against the pro-
posed scale of duty on the Importation of Foreign
Corn.

Lord BROIVNLOW presented a petition from
Lincoln, for the repeal of the Bill restricting the cir-
culation of Small Notes. .

Lord DUNCAN presented a petition from the
Gentry, Ship-owners, Merchants, Owners of Land
and. Occupiers of Dundee, against the pro-
posed scale of duty on the importation of
foreign corn: The petitioners .objected to thii; Bill
on account of the very high; rate of duty proposed;
and prayed their Lordships to adopt a fixed scale of

duty:. In these sentiments the Noble Lord, con,
curred. He objected in tolo to the graduated7icale.
The only mode orgi wing satisfaction to the community
at large on this subject was to adopt a fixed scale.
at an infinitely lower rate.
_ _

Lord EXETER presented a petition from the
owners and occupiers of land of various parishes .in
Lincoln to the same effect.

i be Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition
from the owners and occupiers of land, in Sussex,
praying for protection against the enormous impor-
tation of foreign wool. The Noble Lord subse-
quently moved that this petition be referred to. the
Seim Committee.

•
Lord KING presented a petition from the Pro:-
tetnantDissenters of Honiton, Devon, thanking their
Lordships for the measure they had paSsed in re-
lieving the Protestant Dissenters from the disabi-
lities under which they laboured, and praying their.
Lordships to pass a similar Aet with respect to the
Roman Catholic; and thereby put an end to all re-
ligious anim os i Laughter.)
The Marquis of BIJT.E presented a petitidu
'from Neeth, Glamorganshire, against Slavery.
Upon the motion of the Earl of SHAFTES-
BURY, the Covent-garden Market IMproVement
Bill was read a third rime.

Lord ROSEBERRY moi'ed that the House be
summoned for Monday next, upon his motion re-
specting the Scotch Settlement Bill. ,

The Marquis of LANSDOWNE presented petit
tions from the manufacturers and workmen of Berks.,
for the diMinution of taxation on the Importation
of Foreign Corn. Also a petition from the Owners
and-Occupiers of Land in Lincoln, for proteetion on
Britisb wool. Also a petition from South Shields,
against Slavery. Also petitions. froin IVlOnicyFear:
mouth and Kingsbridge, Devonshire, to the same.
effect.

The Earl of FALMOUTH presented a petition
front Callington, in Cornwall, against the importa-
tion of foreign wool; also a petition from the same
place against Catholic Emancipation.
The Earl-of LONSDALE moved that the report.
of the Committee on the Aire and. Calder Canal
Bill be .reeeivel • •

The Earl of SHAFTESBURY proposed to add
a clause, repealing any advantages which the cont.
pony might have hadhy a former Act, in the ‘collec•
tion of the church and poor's rates.
Lord TENTERDEN supported the amendment,
which ,
cu was opposed by. Lords LAUDERDALE, WHARN-.
CLIFFE, and ROSSLYN.

The House then divided, when there appearea=.
For the clause - ' l4 ,
Against it' ' . 46 -
Majority against the clause . —32
The Report was then received.
' ' CORN LAWS.

' riety of occasions it bad been necessary for the Government
to interfere, in order to introduce foreign corn by means of
jiroclarnations into the markets of this country, so that the
consumer might not be distressed by the too high price
of corn at one time, and that the agriculturist might
not he ruined by the too abundant supply at another.
Under these circunietanres the principle of duties was
adopted, and the trial made by the Bill of last year proved
that that principle might be. resorted tb with advantage.
There were various interruptions to the Systeth of ptolti.
hition during the sever al years in which that system was ens,.
Oloyed. Not only did the Government sustain great incon-
veniences, but the disadvantages to the ctirn-growers was
very great, and there were other evils attending the-
System. There was jealousy, on the part of the agricul-
turists of this country—there was jealousy on the Conti-
nent—men complained of being thrown out of einploy-
inent--and the Government could never interfere to the
satisfaction -of all parties. For these reasons it beCame ne-
cessary to adopt awl arrange a system that would meet the
want; of the country. The GovernMent did riot wish to
recur to a power that was arbitrary—that was, in fact, il-
legal on the part of the Crown ; and on. all these grounds
it was determined to adopt a different system. This was
not the time to discuss the amount of-the duty. He had
stated on former occasion& that that amount was sufficient ;
but if, in the course of the discussion, - any Noble Lords
should go into the question of the duty, he should have the
opportunity of making a. reply. The remainder of the
Bill referred entirely to the method of taking the averages.
In everyrespect but that, the Bill was a copy of that which
passed last session. The only alterations which applied to
the averages were those required• by the existing system)
instead of the former. The old system was an arrangement
for taking the averages; by the new system, it was pro-
posed to take them every six weeks.
The Earl of L AUDERDALE, notwithstanding that- lie

The Duke of WELLINGTON" said, in moving that the
Bill on this subject he read a second tine, be did not fell it
necessary to go at great length into the questian, as he 414
the opportunity on .a former occasion of going very fully'
into the subject. The principle of the. Bill was the only
subject at present in dispute. The principle of this 13111
wt►s the regulation Of the Corn Trade, by means of a duty
instead of prohibition. That principle was adopted by a
large majority of that'llouse in the course of last session.,
The principle of prohibition was one .which was new in
this country until 1815. Till then the principle had been
rather that of duty than actual prohibition. From the
year ISIS till the present period, the system of piohihition
had been attended with many inconveniences, and on a va-

was suffering from severe indisposition, which would corn-
pel him to require the indulgence of their Lordships; had
felt it his duty to come down to the House to oppose' this
Bill. His object has always been to ascertain what were
the best means of maintaining. the wealth of the country,
and at the same time procuring, for the poorer orders a
cheap and a steady price of bread. With the view
of obtaining' the cheapest as well as the steadiest price for
grain, he had first considered this question in 1813 ;
and the Noble Lord who was then at the head of the Go-
vernment, and who, though an opponent of his, was a. fair
opponent, and one whose
.absence ho should ever lament,
told him that in the course of the next session of Parlia-
ment, the question would be brought forward by his Ma-
jesty's Government, who intended to propose a protection
by prohibition up to a given price. He then assured that
Noble Lord that, though not generally a supporter of the
Government, he should certainly support them in that
view of the subject ; and those who were in the House at
that time must recollect how favourable lie had been to such
a measure. The Noble Lord had told hint, that -that law
should he a permanent law of the country during the con-
tinuance of peace. He (Lord Lauderdale) knew that the
prosperity of thecountry depended upon the permanency of
that law; and be deeply deplored the change of the system.
It was au unfortunate circumstance, that the first remon-
strance against thg law was by the agriculturiststhemselves.
He rose on this, as on other occasions, not for the purpose
of advocating the interests of the fandholders against -the
lower orders of the community, God forbid he should do
so, for he firmly believed they were best provided for when
they Were combined. There were three systems advocated
in this House: There were first, those who contended that
there ought to be a free trade in eorn—lthen those who con-
tended with hint fora prohibition up to a certain price, or
for a prohibition by &ay; and the distinction which the
Noble Duke seemed to him to have taken on that point,
was, in his mind, a distinetiOn without a difference. For

century past, the system of the law of this country has; been
to protect agriculture by prohibitory duties;.-and in the
best times for agricultural prosperity, that Course had been
followed. In his opinion, the scale of duties proposed by
the Noble Duke was likely to produce different effects at dif-
ferent times: It would be favourable to the agriculturist
in one state of the market, and unfavourable to him in
another. In his view, nothing could be more prejudicial
to the country than a free trade in grain. It was an im-
possibility to introduce it, it would starve the community—
and the more nearly they approached it, the more should he
reprobate such a system. It was now for the first time
that he had occasion upon this subject to refer'to the History
of the Roman Empire, which afforded a strong proof that
the abundance of grain imported from the subject provinceS
bad ultimately ruined the agriculture of Italy. In his re-
marks upon that subject, Varro had stated, that the pro-
duce of Italy, to the quantity imported before that period,
was as 10 to 1 ; and Colurnella, sylmafterwards wrote upon
the same subject, described the produce to have fallen as low
as 4 to I.,—[The Noble Lord was here interrupted by some
remark from Lord IS.h.s, and turniEg to that NaLlo,na., ha
said] :—These were classical authors, whom his Lordship
must be acquainted with, and might quote from them if
their opinions had been mistaken. In the Treaty between
:the Icing of Spain and his subjects in 1665, it was stated
that the agriculture.of that country had been destroyed by the
protection which was granted to the importation of foreign
grain, and the people prayed that a different system might be
adopted, and the home agriculture protected ; and that the
country might not be rendered as it ,had been, dependent on
foreigners, who would leave them without a supply, when
they were in need of, it themselves: . He would state an
anecdote upon this subject, which shoved the way in which
this free trade had been viewed in another place. In 1735
the Vizier of Turkey had encouraged to so great an extent
the importation of ,foreign grain, that there were at one time
no less than three hundred foreign ships laden witlegrain.
The people of both countries complained of this ; because
in the one it took away theircorn, and in the other it de-
stroyed the market for their own produce; and the conse-
quence was, the poor Vizier lost his head. Bet what was
the effect on the price of corn ? Why, that the same quan-
tity of corn that had been sold at 17d., was actually raised
to 6s. In modern times, an instance of an opposite kind
had occurred. In Sweden, the, home agriculture had been
so much encouraged that the produce exceeded the demand,
and they were obliged to distil 200,000 quarters of grain
from the supply, and that country enjoyed a stipply of
grain to a greater extent than arty other country.
—There always would be a defect in any systent
that freely admitted _ grain from States snore favoured

than those into which it was imported. This Country
stood in a particular situation with regard to foreign grain
at this moment. They knew that one part of the empire
had increased her supply, and from that country he
thought we ought to encourage the• importation, more
especially , as that was not a• manufacturing country. He
meant Ireland; and be thought this country should look to
Ireland in the first instance, and nut, by encouraging fo.
reign importations, interfere in the smallest dagrec with
that country's produce. What losses, he would •ask, had
hitherto been sustained by the system of prohibition? What
mischief had been the consequence of the Act of 1815. ?
for the Noble Duke had spoken as if it had been mis-'
chievous. Let them look to what had been the price of
grain ten or twelve years antecedently from that period:—
When he supported that Act, he was told that he was
erecting a Minimum of price, and that the country would
never be able to enjoy grain ,at less: than 80s. per quarter.
But what was the fact ? Why, for some years, the price
.had never exceeded 655., and last, year it was 575..• Was
that an unreasonable price which requited alteration by.
law ? Did the Noble Duke wish that the price should be
•under 575. ? Certainly not. On the contrary, he argued the
_question as if the .preeent Bill would tiustelai corn *hove that
' price. A few years ago a numbet of petitions had been laid upon
the table against it, but be knew how those petitions were
'obtained, and could get them in the same manner upon any
sobject whatever. They generally added a clause upott•the
'necessity of Parliamentary lieform,(a la,ugh),—and on
that of reducing the salaries of offiCers of the Government.
further than they had been reduced, Ile was opposed,to such petitions ;- he had seen the salaries of officers of the
Crown reduced too much for the, condition of the officers,
and for that of the Governnieut; and if in his early life he
hati concurred in a resolution
.declaringthat "the infitt-
cpe of the Crown has increased, was, increasing, and ought
o be he now acknowledged that he believed
ttheredvimersienill
oiro':t proposition to be actually true. Re-
'ports had been sent into the.liottse upon the subject of this
which, after :differing much in .their statements,
codki in declaring that it was impossible to recommend
nny distinct Measure to Parliament. A measure was in-
trodneed in 1822, but on his opposing it, that Bill bad
been' found totally inefficient, and had never since been
acted on. That measure had originated with philosophi-
cal theoiists, and had lieen•forced on Alinistere.- Some
other measure more accordAit with that abstract theory of
modern philosopher's was now hrought forward, and be
woultlonly say, that it wa.s one which did not come re-
commended to him from tlie.souree from which it arose,-
- Row was it possible for the airicultural interest to go on,
when, under the modern laws of thetie theorists, the dude s on
foreign wool had been so reduced, that wool which used to
sell for 18e. now only feCched 7s: 104. in the market ?„
A. Noble Friend of his had stated on a former occasion,
that the great danger to be apprehended was, the frequent
interpositicn of the Legislature in altering the law. It was
with him a question, whether it bad not been the object
of certain parties so to act as to make a case against the
law as it now existed. He would be sorry to attribute any
such objects to the Noble Duke, or to the Noble Lords
who acted with him ; but he did believe that there
were men likely to be led away by the fashions of the slay, in

Opposition to their better judgments. He, however,
maintained that it would be best to continue the existing
law, leaving all exigencies which might arise to be managed,
by Parliament when sitting, or by the privy Council when
Parliament was not sitting. 'Last sear a curious, and
he thought somewhat extraordinary doctrine, had been
broached ; they heard talk of the comparative 'inte-
rests of the manufacturing and agricultural .interests.
lie knew of no difference between those interests. The
agrictiltural interests were so bound up with the general
wealth and prosperity of the country, that there was no
measure of general benefit which would not be of service
to those interests. But it was said that a testing place
was wanted for the agricultural interest, and it was 'pro-
posiA to give it by this. Bill. But where was to be the
resting place for the manufacturer who would have to ap
ply to a foreignerfor'his food ? would b;the rest-
ing place for the-decay of agriculture which such a measure
was calculated to introduce ? Where was to be the rest-
ing place for the diminished home consumption which that
decay would, of necessity, produce? The Noble Lord, after
some strong allOsions to the arguments used by Lord
Goderich last year upon this question, went on to observe,
that that Noble Lord was mistaken,if he supposed he could
ever introduce a free trade in corn. The Noble Lord
might shake his head and dissent from that opinion, but he
Maintained that it was true. Did the Noble Lord imagine
that he could introduce such a ss stem,- when all the nations
around us were copying our ancient trading system? It
was preposterous to entertain' such an idea. He repeated,
that'. he conceived it would be.most advisable to continue
the present. law, leaving it to Parliament or to the Privy
Council to act upon cases of emergency. Upon these
Aotnds he'would oppose the motion.
Lord GODERICH—My Lords, as the Noble Earl has
thought proper to mention me upon this occasion, and to.
allude with some severity and humour—of which I do not
complain—to the opinions I expressed upon the present
question on a former occasion, I feel called upon to make a
few observations to your Lordships. The Noble Earl, in
quoting the opinions I gave on a former occasion, hai given
them with perfect accuracy. I wish, however, to inform
the Noble Earl, that, in forming my. .-opinions on.subjects,;
I am not so much of a philosopher as not, to perceive that;
in dealing with 'the interests of man, in all their intricate
and complicated bearings, we must modify and, regulate
them according to times and circumstances. BOt'l say at
the same time, that we are hound to lay down some sound
principle as the basis upon which we mean to act. And
the question for your Lordships here is; whether that basis
shall. be a prohibition of foreign corn, or the indirect' and
Variable duty which is proposed to you by this Bill. This
is the question you are called upon to discus', ; and although
' I diifea. from the Noble Lord as to the benefits arising from
the existing law, and the evils to be apprehended from that
propOsed to us, I. beg bins to understand that I never pre-
posed, and never supported any thing like an abstract free
and unrestricted trade in grain. And although I have felt
anxious that the laws and modifications' of that trade,
which twenty-three: years of war have forced upon
us, should be brought back to what they were before these
derangements took place : and although I am no theorist
or inexperienced innovator, who does not care- two
straws for the agriculturists; although I am not one of
tin* who are ready to sacrifice the best interests of the
country to novel speculations—although, I say, I do not
feel that I deserve to come Within any of these reproaches
of the Noble Earl on the one hand ; so on the other hand
do I feel that I ought not- to be reproached for wishing to,
establish the basis of a free trade, subject, of course, to
regulations and restrictions, where the interests of the
country may require them.--(Hear.)—The Noble earl
has argued this question as if its polioy was entirely new,
and as if the law, as it now is, had had the experience of
ages to recomm i end t. Now, my Lords, the reverse of
this happens to be the fact. Formerly we always regulated
the importation of corn by a duty. The first regulation of
this kind was in 1804, at which period a duty of 245. was
imposed upon foreign corn, beginning when it was at 545.
and after,that, instead of a gradual reduction of duty, it
fell at once to 2s. 6d., by which an immense importation
might suddenly take place. An alteration was subsequently
made, raising the market price to 635. but still keeping
the duty at,24S. up to that point, after which it fell again '•
to 2s. 6d. The Noble Lord went on to contend, that if
they were to continue the law, which allowed the ports to
remain open for three months after corn attained a certain

. .
price, every person having corn within the reach of Our
markets would pour it in, as, if they did nut do scr, it
might be long before such an opportunity again presented
itself. And it was only by a graduated scale of protecting
duties that such an evil could he prevented. The Noble
Earl wished to have the power of admitting corn under
such circumstances vested in the hands of Government.—

. . t
' foreign produce ? He had never Mei with' any anew ,f
this last argument. Why not Prohibit the impertatieliv
-grain when it is below a certain fixed point, say o.„r
645. ; hut, by the present system, the farmer was
safe. The fine Dantzic wheat Na4:equal to that of Fce
and might now he imported to the injury.of the Poi/
groat er. Ire tebuld maintain, that the domestic agliC
tore was amply sufficient for the auliply of the
eumption uf the country; and if it were not, helreggedt,,
House to consider that they had an inexhaustible gal'
in Ireland.
Lord KING was ,convinced that the present rueOg,
was hot intended to be a final settlement of the tpreati°°'
and this, perhaps, was one reason why the Noble Lord or
posits had had. an opportunity of complaining that ;
(Lord King) had not indulged this propensity to antieil*.
evil. He could tell the Noble Lord, that, a more sulotarl,e
fiat reason was, that he. did not much like to,prognoati:
good, nor to anticipate. evil, nor to deliverany-4Vl°,
whatever to a sleepy audience ;—(A laugh)--not thatch r
House was, or ever had been, or perhaps ever would„ P.:l
sleepy, when any questions were before it which cancer'',
the personal interests of its Members ; but in the-preee,llll
case it was of little practical utility to oppose the
really did not understand the reasoning of a Noble
opposite, nor could he appreciate the impression which
Noble Lord had of the facts of the case. • The Noble w'
had exultingly asked, " How could that be called a 111:,
nopoly which was granted in favour of a whole asantrY,,,
This was notoriouslynot the fact,- for the monopoly of o'7,
arid of the general produce of the land, was obviously gee',
ed to one order of . the country; and it not only Ana ae'
all other orders, but it was granted as their expo 4,
and much to their injury. He looked upon the Bill as e.
far advantageous, that it repealed the Corn Bill of -181.5 i
When he reflected upon, the principles of that Bill, ‘eltl,
all Iris knowledge of Parliament, he. was most fortil',„,
struck with the impudence of introducing such a measure ill'
the Legislature. The object of introducing that Bill 01.4'd
to keep the price of corn as high as 80s. the querter, OL
that whilst it was as low as between 40s. and reos.• on t",
rest of the Continent. The price of 80s. would have het!,
kept up had it nut heenfor Ireland. The -Noble Loid
maintained, that the prices of agricultural produce oreli'
to be kept up by Parliamentary measures in the ratio i
taxation. Did the Noble Lord really mean to say, that in
peoportien as Ministers increased the •burthens of taxatioPt
they were to raise the price of agricultural produce.
this were his proposition, he . maintained what no man;
sound judgment could possibly support. lie atrou
tell the Noble LIRA that the question wars not so notcb
between what was called the Agricultural and the CO.,,We
thercial luterests, as between the land-owners arid IT
prosperitY of the country. The general prosperity 04
chitcked in proportion as they rose the price of C0(,,,*
He was not a political metaphysician, nor- a Scotch pethw,
cal economist—he would send all such to the devil.--(r
langh)—if their science contracqcted'experience; but with"
out any scientific research, it was not difficult to tell the
effects of this legislating to raise the price of food. Tht
Noble Lord (Goderich) was himself not orthodox is this
new faith; he was a heretic, a sort -of Unitarian, and Se-
parated the substances too much ; he was afraid to adopt
the true faith, which eruhraCed the doctrine of free trader
and many other doctrines not palatable to the Noble Lod
or to many others in that House. He (Lord King) should'
say, that the first article of the new creed was Free Te'l
—the second, was against s.fonopolies in general—the thee
+--
was more especially against those monopelies which
gave private advantages to any one class of the, coma-104Y(
to the prejudice of the remainder; and from all these (°_,
Which the present Bill was one) he hoped the House wol-d'
be delivered. It bad beers held that the present measure
was nothing but a compromise. If this were the caw, lit
would only say, that it was riot a compromise between the
Agricultural and Commercial Interests of the country, trot
between two parties in the same Government.....-Mier'e) Lord MALMESIWRY explained.
The &rl of LAUDERDALE denied that himself, or
the Noble Lord on the cross bench (Lord Goderich), had
argued the Bill of lSlo as a measure intended to'prothge-.
80s. as a minimum price of wheat.
Lord ,KING was awere of the manner in which the
Noble Lords had argued the Bill; but he (Lord Kingliten
not alluded to the mode of arguing,'but to what hirthee°
really intended to he produced.
Lord GODERICH explaine.d.

The Marquis of BRISTOL said, my long and near
connection with a Noble Earl now unfortunately secluded
front public life, with whom this measure is known to hoe'
originated, and under the sanction of whose name it Was first
brought before the public, has made me watch its progre,9
with peculiar interest, and as there is no individual wbo

This he. (Lord Goderich) should certainly object to, as be would have seen with more regret any modification of it in-
thought, it dangerous and unwise to vest such enormous , ,
power in the hands of any Giavernment, connected as they .
:necessarily were with the landed' interests. It would be anxioust ihtk oet takewith
haidp et' hhilieisPri
which e iP4
iopportunitytl'n()ll.o,ovfashptai eptehianiri
much better to have a fixed law on the subject, and relieve
the Government both from the danger and the responsi- candour to acknowledge, not only that the Bill is substan-
bility of exercising such a power. The Noble Earl had tiallv the same as the one proposed by Lord Liverpool,
objected to the various "changes made in the Corn Laws, but that the alterations in the of duties are prat:,
and in the price of corn at different times, and had taunted. the scale
Ministers with being the cause of those changes ; but the '
ical improvements, and tend to secure more regu"
Noble Earl appeared to forget die period at which the Ik•siipPlies .and. less fluctuating prices. Whatever aif-
greafest fluctuations took place. Most of the Noble Lords fereneeof ' opinion, however, may prevail as to the
who heard him would bear in mind that the greatest flue- inea§tirO' itself, all must, I think, agree that the
tuations in the price of grain had taken place since the in- frequent debates upon this subject, and the long attention j
troduction of the Noble Earl's Bill in 1815.—(Hear.)
It would be idle tq expect that they could frame any law
for it is notorious that all classes now take afar juster vie"'
which would altogether prevent fluctuations in the price of
grain, and keep it at a steady price ; no law could effect of the question than they did last year. I feel confident
that object.' But the law now proposed would, in his that, notwithstanding every attempt to set one ball of
opinion, go far teeeffect that object ; and more they could the country in hostile array against the other- half,:
not expect. The Noble Earl, in allusion to the various , .
we mall all of us come out of these ,discussirns.
changes which had been made in the commercial inter-
course of the country, had imputed certain notions and ime merchants, manufacturers, and agriculturists,-with a t.ftlier '
pressions to those by whom these changes were introduced. knowledge of our true interests, and with kinder feeling` •
It was easy to ittribute motives, and cast imputations towards each other ;.'Sbove all, with a constant recelleetin°
upon piddle men, but he denied that either he or that no one of the great national classes of society es"
his colleaeues had been actuated by any such nto- ever profit by the depression of another of those
'Oyes. 'The Noble Earl had found fault with what had clastes ; and with a growing conviction which will, 1
taken pla're unde'r the warehousing system; now it should hope, take root in the -mist& of every farmer, and eVerY
be recollected that the warehousing system took place in manufacturer in England, that
.farmers and manufacnirere
1822, and upon what ground was it proposed ? .It was are not rivals, but partners in one great firm, and thrive
proposed on these grounds: The corn was imported into by each other's prosperity. Nothing can be more tlO
this country under the old law, and upon the faith of that founded than the idea that landlords have any particular.
lain; and Parliament having thought proper to alter that interest in this. question. The author of the " Wealth
law, it was then thought right that this property ought of Nations" has expressed his opinion on this subject iu •
not to be destroyed. This was the ground upon which it most decided terms, and, I will take upon myself to asSett,
was allowed to be warehousAl ; that. ground might be that of all propositions in political economy, the omit
good, or it might be bad, but whether the one or the other, certain ie this, - that the interests of landlords ' are
it was impossible thot the Government could have beea ac- resolutely identified with the genera; interests of the coup' t.
g
tuated by the. motives attributed to there by the Noble try. Landlords :have no isterest in high prices; high -
Lord. He had last year delivered his opinions upon this prices raise rents nominally and in appearance, but renteo )
subject so fully, 'that he felt it -unnecessary to take up the can only he raised, largely, permanently, and beneficially to
there of their Lordships in recapitulating them. It was uslir.4
landlords by one of two causes; both of which are e
I,ustt:limeuiernet.offolralttitynettole
haaddd,beethnatsatnbcctisoenceodedbyretahteliiirig,a
jo,faytilite important -to the prosperity of all . other' classes
lst, by improvements in agriculture, which increase ,
not his ioteu- proved. an&extended markets' /Crow markets are princi° i
of their Lordship?. He did not deny that there existed the surplus produce of the country; and secondly, by ins' i
tihnetomtheaemurae; :tfilatthonuiognbwintt.wasHe said now, as pally extended and improved by the continual growth and
first occasion, that 'be supported this urea- increase of large towns within Our own empire, '4n thief
wished the law to be settled. The greatest rich and • prosperous by thriving manu`factures. The
and always had arisen, from an un- best job then for the landlord'is the prosperity of trade
sionit'biujeoijii.
isees:eiltit:d;oecfeloaintimuntsteuetaiis.,ltepauri,
e,
settled state of the price
.of grain. He repeated that no in all ha branches, as• tliti best job for trade is
law could settle the price of corn.;- but they were bound to a prosperous state of agriculture. What the poor man really ''
derive all that could be expected from inquiry and fair rea- wants, what true philantlarapP•seeka to secure to him, i.•
son. - Taking this view of the question, be felt bound to not cheap bread, but plenty of it. • The price of food is n•-'
support the motion. He felt ,ittianeceesaty to, reply -to. question of .sect-Mtlary importance -either to the grovter .
what had been 'Stated by the Noble Earl, on the .dittlturitv or the consumer ; ' for whatever the price is, all bar' ~.
of Varro and Colon-10a, of the former stateof Rome and gaMs . and transactions will be _regulated .accordingly'" :'
its provinces, as he did not consider' itity any means a ease The principal- of vital imeortance is.. this, that the
in point. Nothing could he more different than the pre- soil of the empire should in :all average seasons fee 4 •
sent state of Europe from its former state Of.marshes and the inhabitants. and 11On, this principal you cannotde'
forests. tfe trusted tbe Bill before their Lord Ships would 'part without injury to every class in the community, 14f. '.
fix the basis of our corn trade on a firm and stable footing. you. cannot depart from it to any - considerable extenv
The Earl of MALMESBURY • would• Observe, that the tvithout ProdUCing great fluctuation in. the price of corn."' . •
Noble Lord on the cross-bench appeared to have miatalcen an alarming uncertainty in the supply of it—without allusion made by the Noble Earl-
opposite as to the Undermining the most solid foundation of all wealth, and
former state of Rome. If he understood the Noble Eatl, without really
endeagering your.. independence as a Ina-
all he meant to say was, that the 'policy
of the Romans in lion. It `is not ae a landlord but as an Englishman that
compelling their distant and newly conquered provinces to I feel anxiety on this subject;
.and . I never will at
-
furnish corn for the capital, had the effect of destroviog all an Erigliehmeit consent to raise up new Itianchestes
agriculture in the home provinces ; and this the Noble and new Biiiiiingharns in every. corner of the country,
Viscount would, upon referring to history; find to be the and leave then' to be fed by precarious supplies drawn ,
fact. If so, then, he contended, that the comparison was from distant countries over which we have no control,
perfectly applicable. He for one felt the great importance and.raised by a foreign yeontawy who
-,,contribute notbig •
of the question before their Lordships ; he had ever held to the peace, order, and well being of the communitY'
- .
the opinion, that up to a certain point a prohibition of the The Bill on the table gives sufficient securities against
imfaiiiiittorioTeurn ought to exist ; and he confessed, , that too great a dependence on foreign corn ; 11 shall therefOre.vote
if he entertained that -opinion before, he was much for it; but I assure the friends ofagriculture, that if I did not
strengthened in it by the experience of the past year. A think those securities adequate to that object, I should not
"
Right Hon. Gentleman who bad devoted much time to support this Bill, notwithstanding the anxiety I fed to vote
the subject, and - who was known to have deeply studied, for a measure originally ads-orated by Lord Liverpool; and
it, had proposed a certain scale of duties last year, in which to see adopted by Parliament this last recommendation of
he stated that there required a protecting duty of 245. Od. a Statesman, ei,ho,- as long as singienees of heart, sioceritYs
on the scale at which his protection commenced. That fairness, integrity,
.and moderation are virtues, peculisrlY
measure was not adopted, and this year the flight Non. dear to the people of this great empire, will live in their
Gentlemanfound that lie was wrong, and felt it nece24ary to hearts cherished and revered, as be will do in mine, to the ,
retrace his steps. Ile approved of the present Bill Upon I last moment of my existence.
one point-:-that it would tend to establish iii this country it , Earl STANIIOPE contended that the agriculture' of '
state of independence as to the . supply of the prineii y'a 1....
i the country had always flourished, under a system of prohi-
tides of subsistence. The language of the Legisleture to i bition. The Noble Lord stated, that disapproving of the
the producers ought to be, "we give you ti:e e.. insive 1 ous principles upon which the Bill was founded, he should
supply of the market, so long as you produce thost ;rtidel I move that the Bill he read this day six months, in order
which are wanted et reaearietoe prices; but when i!at price - that be might enter his protest against it.
gets beyond that, you meet allow ;es to (helve son . assist - f .. Lord ELLEN BOROUGH felt -Confident that Govern-
ance from the foreign growers." Wax it nut pc 'able tip ment could not have offered u Bill fiemdcd on 1,4 p!ln-
accomplish such an object by permitting the adin:,siun of ciple except that so generally approved of by the 1.08"34-