The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-27 00:00:00

RAILWAY RETURNS.

W 6 extract from the Midway Alvazine the sums re-
ceived on the principal Railways of Great Britain
for the wed; ending- on the day of the month prefixed
to each. The return includes the money received for
passengers, parcels, carriages, horses, mails, and tiler
chandize :
Week
ended

Name of Railway.

Total.
X. S.

fan72o Birmingham ani Derby Junction 1,270 15 9
19 13irminghans and Gloucester
20 Brandling Junction .. 761 8 0
Chester and Birkenhead .....
21 Dundee and Arbroath
20 Edinburgh and G1a5g0w........ 1,796 18 1
21 Eastern Counties
20 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr....... 1,122 16 6
20 Glasgow, Paisley, and Green 0,14...... 613 4 3
20 Grand Junction, and Chester & Crewe 6,438 4 11
20 Great North of England
21 Great Western ..... 11,590 3 11
19 Liverpool and Manchester 4,122 19 0
19 London and Birmingham 13,630 4 3
25 London and Blackwall 625 3 4
20 London and Brighton
25 London and Croydon 227 9 10
23 bindon and Greenwich 715 1 10
21 London and South Western 4,569 16 64
18 Manchester, Bolton, and Bury 736 0 2i
20 Manchester and Birmingham
20 Manchester & Leeds & Hull & Selby 5,251 8 2
• 20 Midland Counties....
20 Newcastle and Carlisle
21 Newcastle and North Shields 992 15 8
Northern and Eastern
20 North Midland .„
North Union.
16 Paris and Orleans 3,316 5 0
22 Paris and Rouen ... 2,732 0 0
20 Preston and Wyre 204 8 6
20 Sheffield and Manchester 467 10 11
25 South Eastern.. 2,186 0 4
20 Taff Vale.. 550 11 6
21 Ulstor 587 12 2
20 York and North Midland 1,394 4 8

3,791 18 8

LYCEUM THEATRE.—WO are informed that this
theatre will open on Monday with a company of whose abilities
fame reports loudly. One of the attractions will be Captain
Harvey Tuckett. who intends to adopt the stage as a profession,
and appears on Monday w‘ Falstaff, in the First Part of King
Henry the Fourth. Mr. Wentworth makes hi= second ap-
pearance in London as Hotspur. Mr. and Mrs. Keeley are
engaged to have a " few words together" at the opening, and
play in a new afterpiece by Mr. H. B. Peake. The attempt
has caused considerable excitement amongst the amateurs of
the drama.

ISLINGTON LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY.—
The annual meeting of the proprietors was held in the theatre
of the institution on Thursday last, Charles Woodward, Esq.,
F.R.S., in the chair. The annual report announced, as in
past years, an increase of members and attractions; 630 mem-
bi were enrolled on its books at Christmas, and the library
now contains 5,600 volumes.
STATE OF TRADE.— LINER r00r..---At no former
period have we experienced so much activity in the sugar trade
as during the last three weeks. This speaks well for the trade
in the interior, but it is in great measure accounted fur by the
fact that our very large stock has lately kept prices lower here
than in any other market in the kingdom, especially for brown
descriptions, chiefly in use among refiners ; and this business is
now carried on hers to a very small extent, the London and
Bristol houses supplying, in great measure, the requirements of
the neighbourhood. The strike for higher wages amongst col-
•hors Kill seriously affect the manufacturing business of this
port, for most of our large manufactories, consuming coal to a
vast extent, will immediately curtail their operations, rather
than pay the advanced prices for ccal, and this course has
already been adopted by some houses. The salt manufac-
turers, too, have, in consequence, given notice of an advance
of from twenty to thirty per cent. ; for coal being the only
article consumed in making salt, the expenses are, of course,
seriously increased, and the advance must have the effect of
diminishing the demand, probably one half, salt being an ar-
ticle more frequently taken by captains as ballast than for the
supply of actual owners, and lately it has been a precarious
trade with the American ports, losses, even at late prices,
having frequently resulted from shipments ; so that the ad-
vance stated will in a great measure stop this trade. Yet even
here, where the effects of such a strike are so immediately
felt, nearly every house prefers suffering the temporary incon-
venience that must ensue, rather than aid the endeavours of
the colliers to compel their employers to give higher wages.—
Liverpool Mercury.
TROTTING MATCH AGAINST TIME ON BLACK-
HEATH.—Yesterday a match was run between the fifth mile
stone, opposite the Green Man Hotel, Blackheath, to the
seventh mile stone, at the foot of Shooter's-hill. The distance
to be run was twenty miles within two hours, by a pony in har-
ness, drawing an ordinary gig. The pony was 13 hands high,
belonging to Mr. Bedwell, a sporting gentleman at Camber-
well. The match was for 201. A numerous party assembled
at the starting place shortly before three o'clock, and the preli-
minaries having been arranged, the signal for starting was
given at five minutes after three; the pony being driven by
Mr. Creasy, coach proprietor, of Peckham, who handled the
ribbons with great dexterity. The ground was rather heavy,
but the first four miles was performed in 21 minutes. At the
eighth mile the pony appeared somewhat distressed, and took
about a minute longer to do the distance, and continued, with
little variation as to speed, and improved in condition to the
last, leaving 29 minutes to do the last four miles, which was ac-
complished in 24i minutes, winning by four minutes and a half,
without the pony being in the least distressed. Betting was
even from the commencement of the match until the last four
miles, when the pony became the favourite at 5 to 2.
_ _

- -
FIRE AT 13ERMONDSEY.—Last night, shortly before
ten o'clock, a fire broke out in the private dwelling-house in
the occupancy of Mr. William Cooke, situate at No. 17, Pro-
spect-place, Bermondsey. The flames, when first perceived,
had obtained a strong hold of the first floor back, and great
fears were entertained for the safety of the entire building.
An immediate alarm was spread, and information of the out-
break was dispatched to the various brigade and parish engine
stations. In a very short space of time several engines reached
the spot. '1 he inmates and strangers having exerted them-
selves in the interim, they happily prevented the fire spreading.
The damage done, although confined to one apartment, is
somewhat considerable. The origin of the fire could not be
ascertained. Fortunately Mr. Cooke was insured in the Sun
Fire-office.
A CURIOUS FACT.—In a small village in Derby-
Shire the clergyman and clerk at the Established Church have
both been Wesleyan local preachers.—Derby Reporter.
SINGULAR CASE.—Yesterday an inqut?st was held
before Mr. Wakley, en the body of Dr. Swiney, of whose mode
of living some curious particulars were recently published.
-Harriet Halliday, housekeeper to the deceased, said he had been
ill for some months previous to his death. He had for some
time past entertained a great disgust of food. Mr. Knaggs, a
surgeon, on seeing him, told him to try to eat something, and
recommended him to take a little wine and water,
but he refused to do so. Witness never knew him
to make any attempt upon his life. There was no
foundation for the report which had appeared in the
papers, stating that the deceased had starved himself
voluntarily. He used to endeavour to swallow food, but
was unable to do so. Mr. Knaggs stated that deceased had
on one occasion sent to wit ness for some hydrocyanic acid.
Witness sent him two drops diluted with water. Deceased took
it in order to stop a retching to which he was subject. The
acid would have that effect. Deceased wanted five drops, but
witness would not give it. Erasmus Wilson, a lecturer on ana-
tomy in Middlesex Hospital, had made a post morteni examina-
tion of the body, the heart of which was in a state of inflamma-
tion, and was so diseased that scarcely a vestige of its muscular
structure remained. The appearance presented by the heart
would fully account for death. Indeed, it was matter of much
surprise to him that the deceased had lived an hour in such a
state. The jury returned a verdict of " Natural Death, pro-
duced by dropsy and inflammation of the heart."
EARTHQUAKE IN PERTHSHIRE.—The following is
a more detailed account of the earthquake briefly noticed in
our last :—At Comrie, on the 14th inst., at half-past twelve at
noon, a smart shock of perpendicular earthquake was felt.
At five minutes past one a second shock occurred, which,
although rather less, continued longer. There were three
slight sounds heard preceding the first-mentioned shock, two
betwixt the shocks and one about a quarter of an hour after the
last, and two during the following night. The weather during
the preceding week was variable—frost, snow, and rain al-
ternately prevailing. The day on which the shocks occurred
was calm and frosty, with sunshine. The sky at the time
had a whitish hue. About half an hour after the se-
cond shock a thin stratum of clouds was formed,
which vanished about three o'clock. At the time of the
shocks the smoke from chimneys did not ascend, but
spread along the ground. The momentum of the shocks was
nothing to the momentum of the great shocks of 1839 and
1841. Still, they were severer than any shock since that
time. The accompanying sound was very loud on the present
occasion. The secon&shock resembled very much the motion
and the noise that is produced in a house when a heavy gig
passes swiftly along a new metalled road, only the motion and
the sound of the earthquake does not last so long. Monday
and Tuesday the shocks were fresh. At Aberfeldy on the
same day (the 14th inst.), two very smart shocks of earth-
quake were distinctly felt, as well as in the neighbourhood ;
the first between 1 and 2 o'clock p.m., and the next about
half-past 2 o'clock p.m. The noise produced resembled the
hollow sound of a heavy carriage ; both shocks lasted several
moments.—Edinburgh Witness.
MR. DAVID BARCLAY, M.P.-1t is understood in
Sunderland that David Barclay, Esq., M.P. for that borough,
has expressed his intention of voting in the ensuing session of
Parliament for a total repeal of the present cern-laws. Mr.
Barclay, though always favanrable to a fixed duty in preference
to the sliding scale, has not hitherto been in favour of a total
abolition. The accession to the ranks of the repealere of the
corn duty, of a gentleman of Mr. Barclay's experience, caution,
and commercial standing, is of considerable importance, and
would indicate that a change of sentiment on the question is
making considerable progress among humane, independent, and
enlightened men of all parties. Mr. Barclay is a member of
the Council of the Royal Agricultural society of England, is in
politics a moderate Whig, and in mercantile engagements is a
member of the eminent firm of Barclay, Brothers, and Co.,
West India merchants.—Newcastle Advertiser.
RUSSIAN BARBARlTY.—Everything was after the
Russian order. What influence the Russians have ex-
ercised, especially here, under their General Kisselef,
was not lost out of the memory of my former journey.
They had then a sweeping method of going to work with
the rude Wallachians and Gipsies, and could soon settle
accounts with them. Twice every week were always
ten or twelve Gipsies or Wallachians, useless or criminal
fellows, conducted to a public square, from the prison or
house of correction; here they were stripped naked to the
middle. Some one was there standing ready, who took
the poor prisoners on his back, and held his hands fast
over his shoulders, while another seized the feet; a third
carried the weapons, an armful of great sticks as
thick as one's thumb ; the fourth stood waiting and ready
to strike. A Russian drummer gave the signal on his
drum, when a hundred strokes were counted on the naked
body of the culprit, is hich caused him to utter the most
horrible outcries. A second signal was given by the
drummer, and a second hundred wets told out to the un-
happy wretch. In this manner he received from three to
four hundred strokes on the back. After this execu-
tion, the poor prisoner presented a dreadful spectacle.
The flesh hung in rags from his back, and you saw lit-
tle but the naked bones. They had then spirits dashed
..over them, at which they shrieked again horribly with
the agony. Finally they w ere conducted to the salt-
pits, where they were compelled to hard labour from
four to six years. But the majority of them sank under
it,—rarer' did any one return.— Wanderings of a Jour-
neyman Pailor.
DEATH HY DRCIVNING.--Yesterday Mr. Wakley
held an inquest at the Lord Ilill tavern, Hermitage-street,
Harrow-road, on view of the body of a very fine young girl,
2who had been drowned by
aiNcicatind-enktsaslnlye•isilia:inings'oft. ageda bargel3 into the canal. N enlict,
" Accidental death." - _

FRENCH PLAYS, ST. JAMES'S

THEATRE.

M. Achard is certainly one of the most accomplished
artists that has ever appeared in this country, and he
bids fair to rival even Boufain popularity. He appeared
in the vaudeville of Farindli last evening, as the hero
of the piece, and his Farinelli is a master-piece both of
acting and of singing. There are few of our readers
who are not already aware of the marvellous power which
Farinelli acquired by his exquisite singing over the
mind of the gloomy Ferdinand VI., King of
Spain, and of the manner in which he for a
time dissipated the illusions of the moody mo-
narch. Barnett some years since produced an opera
on this subject, and the anecdote, for it is really nothing
more, is treated in very nearly a similar manlier in the
present piece. We find Farinelli in the first act wan-
dering with his Preciosa (Mademoiselle Marie Beauchene).
about the streets of Madrid, gay, joyous, and penniless.
By a lucky chance he rescues a lady from some danger,
and obtains her glove as a remembrance. He then tunes
his gui!ar and commences singing to the crowd, having
deposited his hat on the ground to receive the con-
tributions of the patrons of " music for the million."
Suddenly he is seized by the Royal Guards, and
hurried into the palace. The King, who is in a state
of religious madness, has heard his singing, is fasci-
nated by it, and Farinelli is established in the palace,
where he finds his Preciosa also established through the
interest of her uncle, Gil Perez (M. Barqui), the
Court physician. He also discovers that the lady he had
rescued from danger is no less a personage than the Queen.
Reports have been circulated in Madrid that the King is
dead, and the people demand to see him ; he refuses to
appear, but is at length lured into the balcony by Fan-
nelli's singing. This scene was exquisitely acted by
Achard and Lemadre, who acted the part of Ferdinand
with excellent judgment and effect. Farinelli,.by the
mere shrewdness of his mother wit, discovers and cir-
cumvents the plots of the Icing's brothers, who, aided
by the monks, having succeeded in causing the King to
hate his Queen, endeavour, by means of the prescriptions
of Gil Perez, and the sermons of his confessor, to reduce
him to such a state of feebleness, mental and bodily, as
to render a Regency necessary. Their pluts, however,
are rendered nugatory by Farinelli, who induces the
King- to eat, drink, and be merry, to be reconciled to
his Queen, and to discard his monkish counsellors, and
thus does the singer save Spain. But it is not as an
actor only that M. Achard is great; his singing is ex-
quisite; and were he not one of the first of actors, he
would be one of the greatest of tenor singers. He
was rapturously applauded, and was encored in the greater
number of his songs. Madame Couturier acted the
Queen with ease, grace, and dignity, and the other cha-
racters were all admirably supported. Achard was of
course called for at the fall of the curtain. He after-
wards appeared in La Permission de Dix licures, as Larose
Ponpon, a soldier, in the French Guards, who is out on
a furlough of ten hours, and never was the French
soldier better represented than by M. Achard. 'The
first piece was a one act vaudeville, entitled Quand
l'Amour s'en cc, in which M. Gaston made his debut as
a French sailor. This gentleman is a very good actor,
and is certainly an acquisition to the company. The
house was exceedingly well attended.

EAST INDIA HOUSE.
A Special General Court, called by requisition, was held
yesterday on the affairs of Sinde. Mr. John Cotton in the chair.
The minutes of the quarterly meeting having been read,
The CHA I KlilA N said the Court had been specially called, on
the requisition of nine Proprietors, to consider certain resolu-
tion, relating to the affairs of Sinde. The Directors had, how-
ever, received a letter from Lord Ripon, dated the sth instant,
informing them that the papers which had been promised, would
be laid before the Proprietors immediately after the meeting of
Parliament, and it was for the Court to consider whether,
under these circumstances, it would be advisable to proceed
with the discussion.

A conversation then took place as to the expediency of post-
poning the discussion.
Mr. SULLIVAN said that, having read the papers, he con-
ceived that he was in a position to judge of the merits of the
quekion, and he would, therefore, proceed with his address.
He then proceeded with his address. He said within the last

few months the public had been startled by the intelligence
that the Ameers of Sinde, who had been previously in amity
with this country, had been dethroned and banished, their

country wrested 'from them, and their persons imprisoned.
Every man was bound to inquire into the history of the pro-
ceedings, and if they were unjust, to use his best endeavours to
obtain redress. In order rightly to understand the subject, it
was necessary to keep in mind that these unfortunate Ameers had
uniformly evinced the greatest repugnance to entering into
such relations with us as would compel them to receive a body
of British troops and a British resident into their territory,
though they were anxious for our protection, if it could be re-
tained without the sacrifice of their independence. Very dif-
ferent were the feelings of the Governor-General of India; it
was essential to the success of his political plans to establish
a British influence permanently in Sinde. With a view to
carry out British designs, ho instructed our political agent at
Lahore to remonstrate with Runjeet Singh against his invasion
of Sinde, and to offer to them our mediation in their quarrel.
They treated the mission which was sent to them
with marked respect. Colonel Pottinger at length
reported that he had brought bis negotiations to a successful
issue, and that they had consented to receive a British esta-
blishment at 113derabad. The Governor-General refused,
however, to carry out one of the conditions, which was
that Runjeet Singh should be compelled to evacuate
the Sinde territory. The Honourable Proprietor then
read the letter from Colonel Pottinger to the Go-
vernor-General, in relation to this agreement ; also a
letter in which he charged the Ameers with having written a
letter containing insulting expressions towards the British Go-
vernment. As a punishment for the offences of the Ameers,
Colonel Puttinger, on the 3d of February, 1839, armed with
the full powers of the Governor-General, dictated to them a
treaty containing twenty. three articles, which, in the language
of Colonel Pottinger himself, fully and finally established British
supremacy in Sinde. This the Governor-General refused to
ratify, and imposed one of a more stringent character, which
reduced the Ameers to a state of abject submission

to the British Government. This was the state to which
in a few short months, we had reduced the Ameers

in Lower Sinde. What was the course pursued in Upper
Sinde? Sir Alexander Burnes solemnly pledged the
faith of the British Government, that they would never take

an inch of territory ; yet a treaty was imposed, which placed
the whole territory at the disposal of the English power. In
a few short months the Ameers were compelled to re-
ceive a British Resident, and to take British troops
into their pap. A heavy contribution was exacted from
them equal to one-third of their revenue they were compelled
to cede their favourite fortress; and their ancient constitution
was subverted. What had been done to justify such pro-
ceedings ? The Ameers had been goaded on by the
unceasing accusations of the British Government, and by the
apprehension that they were about to invade their territory.
They were charged with having written a slavish letter to the
King of Persia, with having insulting
used language to the
British Government, with having sent a hostile message, and
with general unfriendliness, and it teemed to be taken for
granted that all the charges made were true. Was that the case ?
With respect to the letter to the King of
iPersia, Colonel Pot-
tinger himself attached no importance to t it was entrusted
to a person who afterwards proved to be an impostor, and who
had not sufficient to support him on his journey. Was it pro-
bable that the Ameers would entrust a letter of the kind al-
leged to such a person? The charge of treachery was not by
any means clearly proved. But admitting for the sake of ar-
gument that all the charges were proved, what then
These acts did not originate in hostility to the British
Government, but were to be attributed to the
treaty ahich we had forced upon them, depriving them of their
political independence. Ile alluded to the treaty concluded .n
June, 1838, between Shah Soojah and Runject Singh.
Shikapore, the richest city of the Ameers, was
wrested from them. The Honourable Proprietor then
proceeded to speak at length of the tribute imposed on the
Ameers. When Shah Soojah died, the tribute which had been
imposedcontinucd to be levied by the British Government.
The very ground on whieli the treaty of Hydera-
had was imp°. ed was, that the territory of Sinde
belonged of right to the British Government as the paramount
Power of Hindostan. But besides the exaction of tribute, we
violated the Sinde territory. He contended that the treatment
which the Ameers had received, justified their applica-
tion to the King of Persia. What would have
been the conduct of a magnanimous Government under
the circumstances? Why, they would have told
the Ameers that they could make allowances for their position ;
that they must have a passage for their troops ; but that they
solemnly pledged their faith that when their operations had ter-
minated, the Ameers should stand in precisely the same posi-
tion as they had done before; that if it was offensive
to them to receive a British Resident he should not
be forced upon them, but that they might rely upon the assist-
ance of the British power whenever they apprehended danger
from other governments. Colonel M'Naughten had given it
as his opinion, that less stringent terms would have been suffi-
cient; and one of the last acts of Col. Pottinger's official life in
India was an attempt to persuade the Governor-General to
relax somewhat in his demands of tribute. He then
referred at length to the tribute exacted from the Ameers,
in consequence of the alleged treasonable correspon-
dence with Persia, amounting, he said, in all to 53,000
rupees. When information first reached the Ameers,
of the demand which was about to be made upon them, they
determined at once to resist it ; so, though they were com-
pelled to give their consent to it, they accompanied that con-
sent with a solemn warning to Major Outram, that
unless the territory which had been wrested from them were
restored, it would be utterly impossible for the Ameers to Kr-
vent some of the chieftains from retaliating by hostilities. Un-
fortunately that warning was disregarded, and an attack was
made upon Major Outram's camp, which was followed by the de-
thronement and imprisonment of the Ameers, and the partition of
their territories. The case against the Ameers of India was
brought to a point by the Governor-General, in his letter to
Sir Charles Napier, on the 4th of November, 1842. (The
letter in question was then read.) He then referred at some
length to the charge of treason brought by the British Govern-
ment against Meer Nusseer Khan, the truth of which turned
on the authenticity of a seal. The Hon. Proprietor contended
that there was sufficient evidence that the letter was not written
by the Ameer, to whom it was attributed. It was stated that
the Ameers had two seals, one of which they used for general
purposes, and another for secresy, which was not kuown.
The seal in this case was not the authentic one, and
yet it was concluded that the letters came from
that quarter. In fact, it was impossible, according
to this mode of treating the matter, for the Ameers
to prove their innocence.—( Hear, hear.) The Hon. Pro-
prietor read several letters, with a view of showing that the
treasonable correspondence alleged against the Ameers
had never been proved. The Ameers demanded to
see the letters they were accused of writing ; and where could it
be heard without being reprobated, that the Governor-Gene-
ral founded all his proceedings against Sinde upon letters
which had not been produced to the accused parties ?—( Hear,
hear.) We now come to the immediate circumstances which
led to the outbreaks. Unfortunately for the Ameers
of Sinde the constitution of their government did not square
with the notion of the Gallant General, Sir Charles Napier.
Instead of a number of petty princes, each ruling over his own
district, it was the opinion of Sir Charles Napier that there
should be one prince, and that all the other Ameers should be
reduced to the position of nobles. An Ameer was selected for
this purpose, the possessions of the others were wrested from
them, and this me was made the sole ruler of Sinde. The
Gallant General was warned beforehand of the conse-
quences of such a step, and the attack which was made on
the British troops wars just what might have been ex-
pected under the circumstances—it was consistent with
the laws of nature that it should be made. What
law of nations justified the British in the course which
they had pursued ? He contended that it was wholly unwar-
ranted. He then referred to a letter from the Governor-
General to the Ameers, stating, amongst other things,
his opinion that there would be no peace till
the Ameers had been made to feel the British power. They
were made to feel it. Nothing which had taken place under the
National Assembly, or the Emperor Napoleon, during the