The Sun.
London, England, 1828-01-30 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

The much-expected Session of Parliament opened
yesterday. A new Session and a new Ministry are
striking coincidences, yet was there not any pro-
portionate result springing from such premises. The
House of Lords was the chief scene of action, the
new Ministers being absent from the lower House :
and the King's Speech, of course, was the subject
of discussion. This, though a speech of some
length, was so expressed as to afford but little room
for debate, the cause of which will, indeed, be shown
hereafter. The ground of our interference in the
contest between Greece and Turkey is well laid.
" In the progress of the contest," it is said, " the
rights of neutral States, and the laws which regu-
late the intercourse of civilized nations, have been
repeatedly violated, and the. peaceful commerce of
his Majesty's subjects has been exposed to frequent
interruptions, and to depredations too often aggra-
vated by acts of violence and atrocity. The contest
has been marked on each side by eyeesse,
revolting to humanity." Now, such being the
effect of this contest, according to the Speech
itself, upon all neutrals, and upon us with
the rest, " that it violated the intercourse of
civilized nations--that it was aggravated by acts of
atrocity," &c. &c., we put the following question
to the common sense of mankind :—if, in the at-
tempt made to put an end to such enormities by
those on whom they are unprovokedly inflicted, one
of the parties committing them should happen to
suffer pretty severely, whether that party has a
right to complain ? " Certainly not," common-
sense will answer. It is clear, therefore, that the
description which the Speech gives of the injuries
sustained by " the civilized nations" of the world
from the Ottoman war upon Greece, justifies the
means used to put an end to that mischievous war ;
and especially fully excuses any casual disaster that
may have occurred from the application of those
means ; and it would hare been thought surprising
indeed to the country, if those who penned the
clause above cited in the Speech, had not likewise
applauded the conduct of the gallant Admiral,
upon whom the necessity of fighting a battle
was imposed in the discharge of his very ar-
duous task of suppressing evils so horrible.—
The clause, therefore, justifying the battle in the
opinion of those who penned it, we suppose we may
leave the manner in which the battle was fought by
our gallant countrymen to justify itself. But we
press the former part of the argument the more
closely, because we thought we could perceive in
some of the ancient adherents of the new part of the
new Ministry, (the old patch upon the new garment
—el kindred stuff, but the worse for wear,) a dispo-
sition—if it had met with any support in the House,
it would have been received with execration out of
doors, yet a disposition—to decry the conduct of Sir
Edward Codrington. It is remarkable that the
Speech takes no notice of the Corn question.
But in the course of the debate it was acknow-
ledged by the Duke of Wellington to be the in-
tention of himself and his colleagues, to establish a
law upon this subject conformable to the principles
of Mr. Canning and his Administration, an acknow-
ledgment or avowal so agreeable to the nation
when made known to it, and so conducive to its
permanent interests, that we shall only add the hope
j that it aeay he zealously executed. On .the subject
of a free trade, no prornise is directly given in the
Speech but we \vith pleasure observe it to be
stated, " that a considerable increase has taken
place in the export of the principal articles of Bri-
tish manufacture ;" which improvement of our fo-
reign trade has led to a more general employment of
" the population, and affords a satisfactory indication
of the continued abatement of those commercial dif-
ficulties which recently affected so severely the na-
tional industry." This, therefore, is the best pledge
of the continuance of the free and liberal system of
eommerce introduced by Mr. Canning's Administra•
tion that we could desire. It is allowed to have
been beneficial already, and to be now beneficially
operating ! The receding from it is, therefore, out
of the question,—it woul4 be madness. The best
assurance of perseverance in a system, is the public
de4ration of its utility by those upon whom its re,
linquisho7.ent or preservation depends. And now it
may be asked, if such be the tenour of the King's
Speech as penned by his Majesty's present Ministers,
that it entirely corresponds with the principles of
the late Government, why was the late Government
ever dissolved ? To this we :will frankly acknow-
ledge that we know not. But most unquestienablv
there is nothing in the Speech of last night, which
might not have become Lords Goderich, Lansdowne,
Holland, and Mr. Tierney, as perfectly as the
(juke cx Vellington and Mr. Peel. Nay, the
re_ bittion
.of the admini-
spe:•eh is a gcneral app
sti ati on principles of the former: persons ;
and we really
bt e
whethr the Duke ot
eee
ton may not have f-o7W' m the bureau of his office
when he went thither, e.tiopted 5' The atro-
ities committed by the Turk; 'lid
So said
Grert rendered
the intervention of the Allies neces7'l.Y'
The
Mr.tj
Canning, and so said his successors. s I,e
.iational faith is to be maintained by adhering to
engagemeuts of Mr. Canning and his successors.'
Very right and just ; the successors of Mr. Calming
approve of this. " The troops sent to Portugal
have effected the purposes for which they were sent
by Mr. Canning and his colleagues." Then the ob-
ject of the expedition has succeeded; " and those
troops are now to be withdrawn." So Mr. Can-
ning and his successors had planned. " Treaties of
commerce and amity have been concluded eyith the
Brazils and the United States of Mexico." Very
prudent and well-timed treaties, made by the list
Administrations. " The principles laid down in the
Corn Dill of the 'last Administration are to be per-
petuated." Honourable to that Administration,
and beneficial to England ! And lastly, " Com-
merce has improved, and is improving, under the
liberal system, devised or imposed by the last Ad-
ministration." This is the complete and exact sum-
mary of the whole Speech ; it is all justly and truly
said of the last Administration by the present. The
last Administration might, indeed, have been more
modest in speaking of its own merits ! But why,
being thus applauded, has it gone out ? Perhaps
because the praises of the deceased create less envy.
" Virtatem incolumem odimus,
" Sublatam ex oculis quzerimus invidi."
It will be seen that the Duke of Wellington, in
the course of the evening, took an opportunity of
stating that he hail resigned the command of the
army. He gave no intimation of his successor in
t hat important office.—Tiercs.
It was observed by Mr. Canning, that the perfec-
tion of a King's Speech was its unmeaningness, as
that which contained eo meaning could hardly be-
come the subject of argument, and what was wished
was uranimitv and not discussion. The character
of unmeaning may indeed very fairly be attributed to
most of the Speeches front the Throne delivered of
late years ; for while the American President's Mes-
sages treat de omnibus rebus et quibusdam (dills., the
Speeches from the Throne of this country commu-
uicate only such truieins as the Scotch term piper's
news. In the anticipation of a Speech as harmless
as its predecessors, both in 'Mint of substance and
language, it was generally concluded that the ab-
sence of all the. Ministers but one from the House of,
Commons would produce an understanding in that
House, at least, to postpone all discussion to a time
when Ministers might be at their posts. It hap-
petted,
However, that the speech of yesterday al- .
forded one or two indications of the feeling of the
:rattlers, with respect to certain events, which will
soon be the subject of discussion in Parliament; and
it happened, also, that these indications were a nature
so much calculated to provoke animadversion, that
in both Houses a debate of some length sprung up.
in alluding to the affairs in the East, when his Majesty
comes to the subject of Navatin, he riot oniy la
nents deeply that this conflict should have occurred
with the naval force of an ancient Ally, but pro-
ceeds to say, that he entertains a confident hope that
this untoward event will not be followed by further
iostilities. Now, this word untoward would seem
ee have roused a suspicion that more was meant

than
itthiemn,olelrveedexapsroersstmicof
cocfnsreugrereotrfotrhethceonacdcuicdtenotf
which had befallen the fleet of an ancient Ally—
, the Admiral. Lord Holland alluded to the expla-
nations of the word in Johnson's Dictionary, which
, are-1. Froward, perverse, vexatious ; not easily
guided or taught. 2. Awkward ; ungraceful. 3. In-
: convenient ; troublesome, uomanageable. All in-
, tendon of reflecting on the Admiral was disclaimed;
but it must be admitted that the expression cannot
, be better characterised, than by applying to it either
of the two epithets in the second class of the expla-
, nations of Johnson, awkward, ungraceful. The
. Speech alluded to another circumstance, which can-
, not fail to give satisfaction—the orders given for the
immediate withdrawal of the forces from Portueul.
But if the language of the Speech from the Throne
was untoward in the sense of awkward, what are we
to say of the speech of Mr. Jenkinson, the Mover of
. the Address 9 Havieg told the House that Mr.
Canning " was no more—still more completely so
then his poor brother," he makes his brother,
not so completely no inure as Mr. Canning, volun-
teer the patronage of the present Administration.—
As the .Honourable Gentleman managed it, his
speech was quite a coup de Theatre. Lord Liver-
pool (said he) approves of the Administration, as
containing many, if not all the distinguished persons
with whom he was himself closely connected ; hut if
. there he one circumstance of satisfaction more pro-
, minent than another, it is that which I may fitly
notice on almost the first occasion on which I have
addressed the House, the re-admission of the Right
Honourable the late Member for the University of
Oxford. A near and dear connection long subsisted
between that individual and my Noble Brother,
and his services will be particularly acceptable to the
country as Secretary of State for the Home Depart-
ment. That Right Hon. Gentleman was intro-
duced into public life by Lord Liverpool, and was
in the first instance Under Secretary in the very
office over which he now presides. From the com-
mencement of their acquaintance, the most unboun-
(led confidence and concurrence upon every question
has existed between them." Lord Liverpool ap-
! proves of the Administration, and his spirit
animates Mr. Peel.
,Who then, so naturally
the head of a Liverpool Administration, as this
second Lord Liverpool—the man who en-
joyed his Lordship's most unbounded confidence,
and who inherits his doctrines respecting
.Church and State? How far the relator is compe-
tent to the task of interpreter of his brother's
opinions is somewhat problematical, from the manner
in which he spoke of removing the immense burden
which has So long oppressed his Majesty's subjects,
by adjusting the variation in the value of property,
which has been banefully operating during the whole
of the fourteen years since the peace. Surely Mr.
Cobbett has not assumed the disguise of Mr. Jen-
kinson, to palm off on the House his scheme of
equitable adjustment under the authority of the
brother of Lord Liverpool ! We thought Lord
Liverpool, and Mr. Peel, his favoured pupil, had
adjusted all these matters long' ago, and that their
crusade against the Country Bankers was tile last of
the achievements in the way of placing our currency
on a firm basis. But we fear we must give Mr.
Cecil Jenk:nson himself the undivided credit of this
twaddle; for what can be purer twaddle than to
tell us that we have not recovered from the pressure
caused by the war during the long period which has
elapsed since its terThination, on aceount of the want
of adjustment of the variation of value, and that the
abundant resources of the country will gradually pro-
duce the adjustment ? So much for this at-
tempt to throw tile mantle of Lord Liverpool
round Mr. Peel. Mr. Robert Grant, who se-
conded the Motion, threw out a hint that the
voluntary of his collaborateur was uncalled for.
Lord Palmerston stated that the Duke of Wel-
lington " tendered his resignation of the office of
Commander-in-Chief at the very same time that he
received the appointment of Premier; and although
no successor had been appointed, yet the resigna-
tion was in every respect complete ; and from the
present time his Grace wholly ceased to exercise
the functions of Commander-in-Chief." His Lord-
ship added, " all the clamour, therefore, which had
been so industriously spread abroad about the (han-
gers from the accumulation of Church patronage,
and Civil patronage, and Military patronage in the
hands of the same person, must consequently hence-
forward cease, as it was apparent they had not the
slightest foundation whatever."—Apparent : now
that his Grace and Lord Palmerston have conde-
scended to tell us a piece of news which they might
have as well told us when the news of his Grace's
appointment burst on the public ear. What
a lordly contempt for the people there is here !
The people of England, firmly persuaded
that they possess the very best of all Constitu-
tions, and the greatest of ail Captains, are thrown
into consternation with the intelligence that the
greatest of all Captains, having possessed himself of
Church and State, has only to give the word of
command to his myrmidons, and lo ! they are hew-
ing down the fabric of the Constitution,—that Con-
stitution which is the work of ages, and which they
fendly hoped would last, with an occasional patch,
for.'4Eee and ages. Is it nothing to be alarmed in
' • when a single word could have set the
this way, . it is very well in
rieulii -°.itsP'as-ose,sl3teut-hearted as to be
minds of the
sword in hand with
,thaeiride
a),IIArt., Brougham that tGharte:te
a primer, but many pereems must have !acen thrown
Captai::
ibnetosudcheadalythainlagrmasfporattetiserzimns.tittitimetiocno.
if there he men among as who have the Safety
of the Constitution at heart, .what an interval
unltrry,
of agitation they must have had till
.the glad
tidings reached them i Even stern warriors have
had the colour of their hair changed through;
fear in a single night; and in Mr. Leigh Hunt's
" Recollections of Lord Byron," he tells us that
this misfortune befel the captain of the vessel in
which he was a passenger to the Mediterranean,
We certainly think that his Grace ought to be made
to pay the cost of wigs to all these persons who
• have lost the glory of their locies through this lordly
contempt of his Grace for their peace of mind. It
would have been beneath the Great Captain to con-
' vev to the public, through any of the usual channels •
of information, any intell;gence of an event which
so nearly concerned them. What' the people out
of doors! They are merely materials 143 r taxation.
The Members of the Administration present, and
• Lords Lansdowne and Goderich, disclaimed all at- ;
tempt to censure Sir Edward Codrington, Earl
Grey, having been appealed to by Lord Londonderry,
stated, that with respect to the present Administra-
J don, be W.. 5% situated much in the same way as he
was with regard to the last.—ellorning Chronicle.
Below the bar in the House of Lords yesterday
is was much crowded, and the heat, increased by a
large fire, was excessive. The Marque of Lans-
downe, Lord Holland, Lord King, and other Peers,
who, subsequent to time Easter recess, and until the
prorogation of Parliament last year, took their seats
on the Ministerial side of the House, resumed their
seats yesterday on the Opposition side. Earl Grey
was in his accustomed place, not having, when s,eve-
ral of his Noble Friends went on the other side of,
the House, joined them. Viscount Codericin the
Earl of Eldon, and the Marquis of Londonderry,
j were seated on the cross benches. After the de-
bate Lord Eldon and the Lord Chancellor were
familiarly conversing eogesher.—Norning Herald.
Were the opulence and wisdom of the British
nation judged of by its freaks in -Falace-building, it
would doubtless have credit for boundless resources
on the one hand, and a plentiful lack of good taste
on the other. It has long been a kind of national
stigma that tke King of England is worse lodged
than many ,of his subjects ; and it does seem an
extraordinary circumstance Beet the Monarch of a
mighty empire should be, as it were, driven to re-
side in what is called alternately a cottage and a
lodge, without possessing a palace fit for his recep-
tion. The people, however, have no just cause to
upbraid themselves on this head; it is not their
fault that so much money should have been ex-
pended with so little judgment, or that there should

be a sort of simultaneous disposition in those who
have the direction of such matters to pull down and
alter every thing at once ; whereas, if done by. de-
grees, not only would the cost be less felt, but
one place would be left for occupation while the
architects were employed on the other. There
certainly has been, upon the whole, no want
of funds for the purposes we allude to ; but
that there must have been no small want of
judgment in those who have had the disposal of
them cannot, we think, be doubted. From this re-
mark, however, we would except the alterations
going on at Windsor Castle, which, as far as they are
at present known, have been planned and executed
in a taste calculated to reconcile the country at large
to the heavy charge that has been, and must be, in-
curred in their completion. But if we turn to the
outlay on Carlton Palace,Xew Palace, Buckingham
House, and Brighton, this approbation ceases. Every
one of those have been erected within the last forty
years ; yet two of them have wholly disappeared,
one without having been finished or inhabited; while
the sums which have been expended upon them all
would, we have no donbt, have raised an edifice, and
its appendages, worthy (which none of these have
been) of the British Empire and its Sovereign. It
is not so much with a view of finding fault with
what is past that we mention these things, as
to hold them up as a warring for the future.
The truest wisdom is that which is gathered from
experience ; and we certainly have acquired, on this
subject of pulling down, altering, building, and re-
building Palaces, as large a stock of dear-bought
experience as it ever fell to the lot of any nation to
possess. There is, throughout the whole country,
we are convinced, nothing like a grudging spirit
upon this subject ; on the contrary, all are willing
that every thing should be done consistent with the
due support of the splendour of the Monarchy, and
the personal comfort and accommodation of the So-
vereign. But, on the other hand, the country ex-
pects, and has a right to expect, that what it gives
freely should be wisely expended; and that, in the
outlay of the money, the science of architecture
should display its advancement—not, from falling
into inefficient hands, au actual falling-off and retro-
gradation.—lbid.
The business of the Session has commenced, and
the Royal Speech read by Commission to both
Houses yesterday, differs widely in its tone and na-
ture from those usually addressed to Parliament.
After stating that his Majesty continues to receive
the strongest assurances from all Foreign Princes
and States, of their desire to maintain relations of
amity with this country, and from the Great Powers
of Europe, in particular, that they participate in his
earnest wish to cultivate a good understanding upon
all points which may conduce to the preservation of
peace, it passes at once to the affairs of the East of
Europe, and justly describes the inhuman contest
which has been carried on for years, between the
Turks and the Greeks, and the repeated violations
and pillage of neutral trade by the pirates of the
Levant. It then declares that a Protocol was signed
on the 4th of April, 1826, at St. Petersburgh, by
the Plenipotentiaries of England, arid those of
Russia, which was carried into effect by the Treaty
of July, 1827. This may account for the continu-
ance of the policy adopted towards Greece, for the
Protocol of 1826 was drawn up under the auspices
of the Noble Duke who now presides over the affairs
of the country. It must, therefore, perfectly em-
body his views and intentions. At the same
time, it is eiyident that those views and inten-
tions did not extend beyond the settlement of
differences between the conflicting States by friendly
interposition, for the Speech not only states the
battle of Navarin to have been wholly unexpected,
but " deeply laments that- it should have occurred
with the naval force of an ancient Ally." It ex-
presses a hope, however, that this" untoward event"
will not be followed by further hostilities, and will
not impede the pacification of Turkey and Greece.
After passing this decided condemnation of a mea-
sure which was compensated for in glory, the Speech
announces that orders have been sent to withdraw
our troops from Portugal, and treaties of amity and
commerce have been concluded with Brazil and
Mexico. In addressing the Commons, his Majesty
states that the estimates for the year have been
drawn up with every regard to economy, and recom-
mends an early inquiry into the state of the revenue
end expenditure of the country. The Speech con-
cludes with an expression of satisfaction at the im-
provement which had taken place in our export
trade, and of confidence in the exertions of Parlia-
ment to improve the condition of the people. Ad-
dresses, echoing the sentiments of the Speech, were
moved in both Houses; in the Lords, by the Earl
of Chichester, seconded by Viscount Strangford ;
in the Commons, by Mr. Jenkinson, seconded by
Mr. Robert Grant. Both were agreed to unani-
mously, after considerable explanations, on which,
from want of room, we are precluded from offering
this day any other observations, except that the views
expressed by his Majesty's Government were highly
sat isfactory.—AVert, Times.

THE MARKETS.

COUNTRY PORN MARKETS DURING THE WEEK.

Wheat.

THE ARMY.

LORD FITZROY SOMERET'S LIST.

Lord Fitzroy Somerset, as Military Secretary to the
Commander-in-Chief, went through his List yesterday, at
his Office in the Horse Guards. A few Generals, and about
thirty other Officers, transacted military business with
his Lordship.

The Depot of the 15th Regiment of Infantry, has re-
ceived orders to remove from Youghal to Clare Castle.

The ht Battalion of the 60th Rifle Corps is ordered to
proceed from Portugal to Ireland.
A Detachment belonging to the 39th Regiment of Foot,
is ordered to embark at Deptford, on hoard the Plicrnix
convict ship, for New South Wales.

FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE.

Whitehall, Jan. 29, 1828.

The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be
passel under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, for granting to tlw Right Hon.
William Carr, Viscmnt Beresford, G.C.B. the office of
Master-General of his Majesty's Ordnance of the said
United Kingdom.

Whitehall, Jan. 29.
The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be
passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, constituting and appointing the
Right honourable Charles Arbuthnot, William Dacres
Adams, and Henry Dawkins, Esqrs. to be Commissioners
of his Majesty's Woods, Forests, and Land Revenues.

Whitehall, January 21.
The Lord Chancellor has appointed Francis Mole, of
Birmingham, iu the county of. Warwick, Gent. to be a
Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery.

Commission in the Worcestershire Corps of Yeomanry
Cavalry, signed by the Vice-Lieutenant of the County
of Worcester.
Frederick Dodd Stephenson, Gent, to be Surgeon, vice
Thomas Stephenson, resigned. Sept. 29.