The Sun.
London, England, 1844-09-14 00:00:00

and labour, contribute to the resources of the colony;
improving the wiltit, clearing the way for civilisation,
making valuable the Crown lands by their roads and
other improvements. Is this no contribution ? And
is there to be no consideration for the hardships,
perils, and privations, endured by this much-maligned
class in effecting these objects ; no encouragement to
those whom his Excellency has well said were the
mainstay of the colony, and of the most vital im-
portance ?"

But then his Excellency said this in 1842. In
1844, under instructions from the Colonial-office, and
taking for guide, as Mr. M'ARTIII.TE phrases it,
amidst the wilderness of Australia, the visionary
theorists of the WAKEFIELD school of colonisation,
instead of experienced and practical colonists "—his
Excellency no longer " endeavours to lay before
the Secretary of the Colonies some just views of the
squatting interest in New South Wales, as contra-
distinguised with that system in America, as respects
the respectable and wealthy men engaged in it, the
vast amount of property possessed by them, and the
vital importance they were to the colony and the
British interests generally."
Under a pretence that the sales of "Crown lands"
—that is, the unappropriated enormous waste—" are
obviously prevented through the squatting system,"
and that the " squatters contribute nothing towards
defraying the colonial expenditure," the Governor
(by perhaps an unconstitutional—certainly a very cruel
—exercise of his authority) promulgates " Regula-
tions," requiring that the sum of 101. should be paid
for a license by the owner of 1,000 sheep, or of 50,000
or 400 head of cattle, or 4,000. How this fiscal no-
velty will operate was thus shown by Dr. MURPHY,
after he had indignantly disproved the allegation of
the squatter's not " contributing," in the largest,
and most efficient sense of the term, to the Colonial
revenue, by the roads they made, the soil they
c!eared, &c., &c. :—" A license will not cover more
than 4,000 sheep, or 6:00 head of cattle ; so that
any person having more than his number upon a
station, no matter how large or how small the sta-
tion may be, will have to pay at the rate of 21. 10s.
fur every 1,000 sheep over 4,000, and 21. for every
100 head of cattle over 500. Nay, he will have to
ply 10/. for even an additional sheep over the limit or
head of cattle. Now, what droit 'of the Crown is
this ? This is no land tribute, no rent or fee for
Crown leases or licenses. This is an impost upon a
man's property; a levy upon every one who increases
his stock beyond 4,000 sheep or 500 head of cattle.
This may as well be enforced within the boundaries
as without, and he recommended it to his Excel-
lency's consideration; it would be a notable expedient
for paying off the old, and promising to pay off the
new debentures. But what authority has his Ex-
cellency to make an impost like this, to place a fresh
assessment upon stock ; for it is clearly not intended
as a rent or a fee for the use of the land ?"

We are at a loss to imagine how Lord STANLEY
or Sir GEORG,' GIPPS can thus trifle with the ad-
vancing prosperity of one of the noblest colonies ever
acquired by Great Britain, or the equitable rights of a
body of men, assuredly among the most intrepid, useful,
and meritorious, who ever put themselves at the head
of a young country's advance in pastoral civilisation
and commercial opulence. On another opportunity we
!nay revert to this subject, and to the discussion of
Mr. M'Arratit's deprecation of the dangerous
tendency of the " much vaunted" colonial land sys-
tem of WexErtioLD, as adopted into the legislation of
Lord STANLBY.

Madrid papers, of the 6tb, have been received. It
is stated in some of them that the convention between
Spain and Morocco, accepted by the Quipm, had been
forwarded to Tangiers, for the signature of the
EMPRROR. MARTINEZ DR LA ROSA was to arrive at
Madrid on the 9th. Some apprehensions were enter-
tained of a Carlist movement, and some excitement
caused by the sudden disappearance of General
ZURBANO from his place of retreat, near Logrono.
On the Madrid Bourse, the Three per Cents. were
quoted at 274 for 60 days, and the Floating Debt
at 614.

The Paris papers are chiefly occupied with Indian
news, and discussions on the state of Ireland, and the
Otaheite affair, but the articles in general are desti-
tute of interest. Preparations are in progress for the
journey of LOUIS PHILLIPE to England. The Con-
stitutiormel says—" Orders have been given for the
KING'S embarkation at Treport on October 8. The
KING will remain five days in England, and will be
accompanied by M. Gum); and probably Marshal
SOULT. We learn from Cherbourg that the Colibri
has arrived there, with the splendid furniture of the
GomPr, for the KING'S use on his voyage to England."
It is not at all probable, however, that his MAJESTY
will be accompanied by Marshal SOULT, who is now
old and infirm, and, from all accounts, desirous of
repose. The Duke of MONTPENSIIIR Will accom-
pany his father, on a special invitation from the QUEEN
of England. It is also said, besides GUIZOT, Admiral
MACEAU, Count de MONTALIVET, Baron FAIN, his
MAJESTY'S Secretary, and some general officers, will
form his suite.
Most of the Paris papers:publish the order issued by
Admiral Sir EDWARD OWEN, relative to the letters
which appeared in the Times on the movements of
the French fleet. The Ministerial journals express
satisfaction at the course adopted by the gallant
Admiral, but others, and especially the Commerce

and National, only appear to rise in their demands.
Nothing will satisfy them but the appointment of a
court-martial to try the delinquents. "It now re-
mains to be seen," says that mischievous journal, the
National, " whether this indirect blame be sufficient.
If they wish to avoid individual collisions, the French

Government and the English Goverment will no
doubt understand that the just susceptibilities of our
seamen require more. The intention of the Warspite
officers has been to inflict a deep wound on the
honour of the French navy. They must answer for
their dastardly intentions—they must answer for

hem before their superiors, or before those whom

they have insulted. If, then, the English Govern-
ment wish to prevent our officers doing themselves

justice it must do it itself, and do it to them fully ;
that is to say, it is its duty to bring to a court-
martial those wretched calumniators, who have not
had even the courage to sign their calumnies. We
shall see."

The following are miscellaneous extracts from the
papers:—

" The law passed last session relative to the northern
line of railroad having authorised the Minister of Public
Works to treat for one front Boulogne to Amiens, by
Abbeville and Etaples, with pecuniary aid from the Go-
vernment, and stated ;hat all the other conditions should
be regulated by Royal Ordonnance, the Moniteur of this
day publishes an Ordonnance, dated the 9th, announcing
that the clauses and conditions on which the contract is
to be made are drawn up and published, but they are not
given by the Moniteur. They may, of course, be seen at
the Ministry of Public Works.
" The Minister of Public Works is about to inspect all
the great Government undertakings in the eastern and
western departments. M. Dumont will be on his tour
about a month. •

" A letter from Canton, of June 17, announces that
M. Matti Menton left China on May 18, to return to
Europe. M. de Jancigny left Macao on the 27th for
Singapore, and thence for Batavia. M. de Lagren‘e had
not arrived at the date of this letter. M. de Becourt
was remaining at Macao. Since the departure of M.
de Challaye, no French flag floated over the factory, nor
had any one occupied the Consular residence. The
season was so far advanced that if M. de Lagren63 did
arrive, the mission of which he was the head, could not
reach Pekin before the end of the year. The American
Minister was at Macao, holding conferences with the
Imperial Commissioner Ke-Ying."
We read in the Commerce :

" The Sardinian Cabinet has just, it is said, been mo-
dified in the following manner :—M. Gallina, Minister
of Finance and the Interior, leaves the Council, and is
to be appointed President of the Archives ; Chevalier
Revelli will take his place in the Finance Department,
and M. Desembrois in the Interior. In addition, M.
Calvi, who occupied the place of the King's I'rocureur-
Genera), is named Director-General of Customs, and
M. Teen Revel de St. Andrea succeeds him as Director-
General. This change which took place, it is said, last
week on the King's return from his seat at Ranonigi,
attracts public attention, particularly when Austria
se( ks to get the Customs' Union adopted by the States
of Italy. It is not yet known what system the new Mi-
nister, Chevalier Revelli, will follow. M. Gallina cought
to draw closer to France, and it is he who negotiated
the treaty of commerce lately concluded between that
country and Sardinia."

The last accounts from Venice announce the ar-
rival there of the Duke DE BORDEAUX, accompanied
by the Count DE LEVIS. Several personages of dis-
tinction are stated to have come from France to pay
their respects to his Royal Highness. Among them
.tle nnwed Baron Llyni! 10:
the Marine under the Restoration ; Generals LA "OUR
FOISSAC and D'HAUTPOUL; and the Viscount DE
SAINT Earn; formerly AMbassaclor from France to