The Sun.
London, England, 1821-07-25 00:00:00

THE KING V. MARY ANN CARLILE.

This was an indictment by the Society for the
Suppression of Vice, against Mary Ann Carlile
(the sister of Richard Carlile) for a blasphemous
libel on the lloly Scriptures.—At the request of
the defendant, the Jury were asked if they were
members of the Society for the Suppression of
Vice, but none of them were so. Mr. MARaIATT
opened the pleadings. Mr. GURNEY stated the
case to the Jury. The libel was • put in and
read, and the sale of it by the defendant prov-
er!. It spoke of the Bible as " a book so full of
wickedness and contradictions, that it could not
be the word of God." The defendant had no
Counsel, but she put in a long written defence,
which was read by the Officer of the Court. It
justified the pamphlet as a moderate.and argu-
mentative examination of the Christian religion,
from which it could not be the intention of 'the
Jaw to shield it.—Mr. Justice BEST interrupted
the reading of part of the defence which stated
the " common law was a common abuse," and
said he could not allow that part to be read, but
the defendant, though repeatedly requested to
expunge it both by the Judge and Jury, declin-
ed doing so.-I.llr. Justice BEST charged the Jury,
that in his opinion the publication in question
could not be considered as fair reasoning in mo-
derate and respectful language, but, in the terms
of the indictment, it was a scandalous and blas-
phemous libel. The Jury, without any hesita-
tion, found the defendant Guilty.

CONSTITUTIONAL ASSOCIATION.
THE KING V. MARY ANNE CARLILE.

This was an indictment against the same de-
fendant, -at the instance of the Constitutional
Association, for publishing a seditious libel in a
pamphlet entitled, " An Address to the Refor-
rner3," printed with her name to it. The first
count set out the following alleged libellous mat-
ter:--" To talk about the British Constitution is,
in my opinion, a sure proof of dishonesty. Britain
has no Constitution. If we speak of the Spanish
Constitution we have something tangible ; there
is a substance and meaning al well as a sound.
In Britain there is nothing constituted but
corruption in the system of Government. Our
very-laws are corrupt and partial, both in them-
selves and in their administration. In fact, cor-
ruption, as notorious as the Sun at noon-day,'
is an avowed part of the system, and is denomi-
nated the necessary oil for the wheels of the
Government. It is a most pernicious oil to the
interests of the people." The second count set
out the following matter ReCorm will be
obtained when the existing authorities have no
longer the power to withhold it, and
_not be-
fore. We shalt gain it as early without petition-
ing as with It, and I will again put forward my
opinion that something more than a petitioning
attitude is necessary. At this moment I would
not say a word about insurrection, but I would
strongly recommend union, activity, and co-
operation. Be ready and steady to meet any con-
current circumstances."—There were six of the
Jury talesmen.

Mr. GURNEY (with whom was Mr. TINDAL)
stated the case for the prosecution with his usual
ability, urging the so often repeated topics in
cases of this description. The following wit-
nesses were then examined for the prosecution :
James Rignall deposed, that he had purchased the pa.mpl.bt
in question of the defendant, at her shop in Fleet-street, on
Friday evening, the 9th of March. There were several other
topics lying about on the counter.
Cross-examined by Mr. Coorrn—l am, and have been for
the last 18 months, an agent for, the Society for the Suppression
of Vice; and lam also agent in this instance for the Constitu-
tional Association. 1 did not purchase any other copies of the
tiamphlet. I was employed by the Solicitor for the prosecution,
eir. Murray. He told
.me to go. He did not particularize
what pampfilet I was to purchase. He did not tell me to go
and purchase several other copies of this pamphlet. He did not
tell me what was his object. It was i:ot mentioned. I have
no wages. I don't say that I acted gratuitously. I made a
charge for my time. I do not belong to the Society—(With
vehemence.) '
_ _

Mr. Coo.PEn—l don't wonder at your being anxious to se-
parate yourself from the Society.—(A laugh amongst the au-
ditory.)
Mr. GrruNEY.—l desire that no such remarks may be made.
By Mr. COOPER—What have you had for this particular
job ?—I have made a charge for several other little things I did.
—(A laugh.)
blr. GURNEY (to the spectators)—l shall certainly move his

Lordship to take notice. of some particular persons that I see
misconducting. themselves.Cross-exammation resumed—What other jobs did you do for
the Associatiox did iis..veral jobs that.l will not deny...
How much have you had for these little jobs ?—I declare,
upon my oath, I cannot state particularly how much-I have had
for these little jobs. I made a charge. I don't recollect ex-
actly what my charge was. I can tell you pretty nearly the
round suns, if that will satisfy you. I think it was about 17
and under seven guineas. I was sent on other business besides
this. - .

I wish to know what that other business was ?—ls it neces-
sary to answer that question.
I think it is necessary.—Then I will take the sense of the
Court upon it. I have no objection to answer that or any other
question, if my Lord thinks I ought.
Mr. Justice BEST—You had better answer it. "
.Then Ipurchased some other different things for the Asso-
ciation, but it was not in consequence of any general or particu-
lar orders I received ; I went to purchase those publications
which I thought libels ; I cannot state exactly now what they
were.

Then you did that, I suppose, without any hope of reward ?
--I don't state without any hope of reward; I expected to be
paid for my time.
Then it was not merely from motives of patriotism and pub-
lic virtue ?—Those were two of my motives most certainly, but
not the only ones.
Has this been the usual way. of ,getting your living?—lt has
for a year and a half past ; I have had no other feasible occupa-
tion during that time..
I suppose you received a considerable sum in the course of
this honourable employment ? —I have told you that the sum
total was about 71.

. Mr. Justice BEST—Do you think that material, Mr. Cooper ?
Mr. COOPER—I do think it material, to shew the. sort of
Agents that this Honourable Society employs. ln what honourable eniplayment were you before this ?—I
bad a situation in his Majesty's Custorni,service ; I have left any
situation. •

Have you received a pensi9n from 'the Customs?-1 have
not.

What is your age am 54.
Re-examined—l have been in the employment of the*Society
fur the Suppression of Vice for a year and a half; I have
been paid by them for my services: In this instance,and in
some others, I have made some purchases for the Constitutional
Association.

Horatio Orton' examined by Mr. GZT RNE Y.-I was a wit-
ness before the Grand Jury. On the 10th March I purchased
another copy of the pamphlet in question from Mary Ann
Carla; I had it from her own hand.

Cross-examined . by Mr. COOPER—How came you to pur-
chase this on the 10th of March ?—I was directed by Mr. Mur-
ray, the solicitor, to purchas?. it. -
This is the gentleman (pointing to Mr. Murray in Court) ?
Yes.

He is the Honorary Secretary to the Association, and the dis-
interested attorney for this prosecution?—Yes. I was sent by
him for the express purpose of purchasing this pamphlet : I
should not have gone if I had not been directed by him.
What is your situation in the Society ?—My situation to the
Association is as clerk.

Clerk to Mr. Murray ?—No; I am not in Mr: _hurray's office.
In the Society's, office separate from the attorney's office ?
Yes.

In what situation were you before ?—I used to assist my bro-
ther in his correspondence with ccuritry newspapers.
Not for the town papers for himself ; he takes the re-
ports of the House of Lords' proceedings, and transmits them
to the Editors of the•country papers ,• I used to assist him in
the copying, and he paid me for my trouble.
Is your salary in your present honourable situation fixed ?
No, it is not fixed.

It depends upon your exertions ?—Yes.
You don't work by the piece ?—No, I do not; the Committee
have not yet come to a determination about my salary ; I have
not made any demand liar salary; I have not proposed any suns:
I mean to swear that ; not any sum has been proposed to me; I
don't say that I would work for the Society gratuitously ; if I
want 51. I know where to go for it ; not of -the Association ; I
can have it of my brother ; I expect to receive something from
the Association.

In your modesty, what may be the extent of your expecta-
tions ?

Mr. GURNEY submitted that this was not a proper mode of
cross-examination.

Mr. GoonEn--I think it is, and I shall persist in it until 1
am told by my Lord that it is irregular.
Mr. Justice BEST---I don't think any part of the cross-exa-
minatibri is approaching to any thing like regularity.
Mr. Co opErt—lf your Lindship says I am not to be allowed
the same latitude which is allowed to counsel on other occasions,
I shall not persevere. •
Mr. Justice .13Esr—I have no objection to your taking your
own course, but 1 think this cOirt",,e of -examination ought to
have been stopped long ago. I think every fair and reasonable
indulgence ought to be allowed to counsel in such a case, but if
this was a mere civil case,• I should have stopped you long ago,
Mr. COOPER—Then I shall proceed in my own way, with
your 'Lordship's permission.
Is this the_ first job you have been employed in ?—I don't re-
collect any other of this kind. • . .
Are you sure you have been employed upon no other job of
' this kind ?-1 cannot bring to my recollection whether I have
been employed on any other. I may have been, but lam not
aware of any._
' Do you know a man named King ?-,-Yes, perfectly.
Do you recollect doing a job m which; he was concerned ?
—I don't recollect doing a job of: this kind against King.
mig_ht, if I saw- the paper before me with my mark upon
it. There are so many of them, that I cannot recollect any in
particular.
Have you not made an affidavit in the job against King ?
Yes ; but that is since this. I cannot recollect whether I have
' done any other jobs. I have been in the employment of the
Association about six months. I commenced on the filth of Ja-
nuary. Since the 10th of March, I don't recollect how many
jobs 1 have been engaged in ; they are so numerous I can't re-
collect. The orders whiCh Mr. Murray gave me were, to go
and purchase the ReforMers Address at the defendant's shop.
I had not any general directions to buy at this or that shop_
not from Mr. Murray. I had, from other persons, general di-
rections to make purchases of works ; one cf those persons was
Mr. Sharpe.
He is the Honorary Assistant Secretary !—Yes.
[All the preceding questions excited considerable sensation
amongst the audience, and produced a chorus of humouroirs
tittering.]
Mr. Justice BEsT.—The effect of these questions, Mr.
Cooper, you must feel. You cannot wish, lam sure, to excite
the sort_of responses which come from below the bar. You
must see that it is done on purpose. You cannot wish, lam
sure, to produce that effect.
CooPER--My Lord, I am the last man in the world to
do any thing inconsistent with the gravity and decorum of a'
Court of Justice. I disclaim any such intention ; • and I must
disdain the insinuation of Mr. Gurney, that I have taken up
this case for the-purpose of adding to the public odium in which
this Honourable Association is held.
Mr. GURNEY said, his Learned Friend Mr. Cooper was mis-
taken • he had never insinuated any thing of the kind.
Mr:Justice BEST-1- am sure no Gentleman at the Bar
would wish to produce the effect which all the questions put by
you have had below the bar.

Mr. COW:En said .he could not controul the feelings of the
auditory. - He was only anxious to do his duty to the best of his
humble ability, and nothing shduld deter him from discharg-
ing that duty freely and Undauntedly-.
Re-examination resumed—What is the office of the Honorary
Assistant Secretary ?—lt is to do every thing at the office.
To superintend the business of the office ?—I consider hints
the acting manager.
Then the honorary Secretary has a sinecure ?—What does
the word honorary mean but a sinecure ?
The alleged libel was then put in end read, and the case for
the prOsecution closed.

Mr. HENRY COOPER then proceeded to address the Jury on
behalf of the • defendant, in an able, eloquent, and powerful
speech, in which he evinced great acuteness, much force of ar-
gument,- and a commanding strain oforatory which produced a
visible effect on the Jury. We lament, however, that our limits
will not allow us to enter into any thing like detail. He was
upwards of two hours speaking. The Learned Counsel ex-
pressed his regret that the conduct of the
,defence had not de-
volved upon some more able advocate, considering the mo-
mentous question which the Jury were called upon -to decide.
For his own part he had the more reason to pray their indul-
gence, in consequence of the very limited time allowed him to
address his mind to the subject. It was true he was told three
weeks since he should probably have the conduct of this defence,
but it was not until late last night that his brief was delivered;
and therefore lie had been obliged to rob nature of her due, in
order to prepare himself in some degree for the arduous task be
had undertaken. Imperfectly prepared, therefore, as he must
necessarily be, and in no inconsiderable degree depressed in ani-
mal spirits from want of rest, he felt himself unable to do that
justice to the case which its vast importance required. He called
upon the Jury to endeaVour to divest their minds of that preju-
dice which the very name of Cathie was but too apt to excite,
from causes to which it was not necessary for hire to allude.
Even in his own behalf he felt it necessary to bespeak a eandid
consideration of the topics he proposed to urge, considering that
even the Advocate in such a case had to combat prejudices of no
pleasant description. For himself personally, however, he was
perfectly indifferent as to the consequences ; and though so in-
significant an individual might be thought worthy the animad-
versions, and even the scorn of certain persons, he should derive

the greatest satisfaction if his efforts-were successful in rescuing
the unhappy defendant from the peril with which she was
threatened, and look upon the malice of his enemies as the
most honourable. testimonial of his exertions. The Jury were
the Judges of the law as well as the fact in cases of this desctias
-tion. They were not to suffer their judgments to be warped by
any by-gone precedents, or the decision of former juries on
similar occasions," for if there bad been 10,00 convictions for
political libels of this tendency, they ought to have no effect
upon their decision in this instance. Good sense progreSaWly
made its wayin surmounting the prejudices of mankind. There
was a time when the venders of-hops -were-liable- to, and had
been subjected to criminal punishment, for selling that whole-
some herb as a poison ; but would any man in these times.com-
mend the prejudices of our forefathers, which could so far work
injustice, so detrimental to their-own interest; ?a The same 0.-
servation and the same princinle were applicable to the subject of
libel. Adverting then more immediately to the question before
the Jury, he contended that the defendainwas entitled to a ver-
dict of acquittal, considering, who were the authors of the prosecua
tion—an unauthorised, an irresponsible combination or indivi-
duals, whose conduct was a reproach to the laws, to the justice,
and to the Government of the country-; for if this supposed libel
were a fit subject for prosecution, what had become of the vigi-
lance of the Officers of the Crown, who were paid for guarding
the sanctity attic Constitution ? Was not the abstinence of the
Attorney and Solicitor General decisive proof that they consi-
dered this- publication as beneath their notice ? But what would
the Jury say in a case, where the unhappy defendant was abso-
lutely seduced to commit the alleged offence by this Association
itself, and by its hired myrmidons ? Was there a tittle of evi-
dence that this paper would have ever met the light, but for the
industry of these jackal's, who had enticed their unhappy vic-
tims to the insatiate jaws of these conspirators-against the liber.
ties of the country ? Would the Jury find a verdict of guilty
against a person so betrayed, so tempted, so seduced a Devils,
not men, could become the tempters; end then the accusers.—
Consulting his own feelings, he Should not have said any, thing
upon the character and aonduct of this' Association-, but thus
much had his indignation wrung fiiim his eontemept. The
Learned Counsel then adverted to the terms-of the supposed
Libel, and argued that it was capable of an innocent interprets-
don, more especially when the whole paper was taken together.,
The spirit and substance were perfectly venial, and would the
Jury then convict the defendant merely by the rules of verbal
criticism ? The free subjects of this country were not to be
doomed to rot in dungeons for mere-metaphorical language and
figurative expressions. But was there not the highest authority
for saying, that the substance of both the obnoxious passages in-
dicted was perfectly true ? Was it not a matter of history, de-
livered by the mouth of the late Speaker of the House of Com-
mons, then the first Commoner in the land, and now a Noble-
man of the realm, that there were corrupt practices in the Con-
stitution as notorious as the sun at noon day, and at which our
ancestors would have started with horror and indignation ?
Mr. Justice BEsT—'Where do you get that from ?
Mr. CooPEn—l get it from all the newspapers of the day;
and from the Annual Register. It is' a part of the history of the
country, which will be handed down- to posterity.
Mr. Justice BEST—I beg to state, that whatever passes in
Parliament cannot be acknowledged any where else. - I-have no
means of knowing, nor have the Jury any means'of knowing
whether Lord Colchester did my that or not.
Mr. COOPER—But, my Lord, the whole country knows it,
and I am quoting it as a part of the history of the country.
Mr. Justice BEsT--If he said it any ?Mete else he was a li-
beller on the Constitution of the country. If he said it in Par-
lhunent there he was privileged, and we cannot hear it without
being guilty of a breach of privilege.
Mr. COOPER—It is found in the recorded and authentic
speeches in Parliament.
Mr. Justice BEST—There is no recorded speech delivered in
the House of Commons to which we can listen in this Court. _
Mr. COOPER—The speeches in Parliament certainly are not
recorded like the judicial proceedings of a Court of Justice, so
that we can give them in evidence, but the Journals of the
House of Commons are matters of record. If lam at liberty
to refer to what happened- two or three hundred years ago in
Parliament as matter of history, I apprehend 1 may for the Janie
reason refer to what happened aen years ago.
Mr. Justice BEsT—Why, you' know perfectly well that a:
speech delivered in Parliament, if published out of Parliament,
may be libellous, and subject to criminal prosecution, as was
held. in Lord Abingdon's case, and. in, the King v. Creevey.
Mr. COOPER—.Those were the cases of libels on a private in-
dividual. lam adverting to thii its matter of history.
Mr. Justice BEST—Perhaps the best thing is to let you go
on your own way if you don't choose to submit.
Mr.--CooPEat--My Lord I am disposed to pay every respect
to the deciaioia of the Court, but 1 trust I am not irregular in
alluding to the history of the country.
Nita Justice BEST—Why you know that the King's Bench
decided this a few Terms since.
Mr. COOPER -4 feel every dilakosition to bow with respect to
your Lordship's decision. .
Mr. Justice BEST—I desire you will go on. State afiy thing
you please.
Mr. COOPER then proceeded. and repeated Ae memorable
words of the late Speaker, contending that the imputed libel
was only the echo of the sentiment therein contained. He also
adverted to the speeches of Lord Chatham, of Lord Chester-
field, and to the sentiments of the immortal Locke, upon the
subject of civil government, and the freedom of the Bless. Ile
argued that prosecutions of this kind were highly impolitic and
dangerous to society, inasmuch as they gave birth to a spirit of
persecution tending to aggravate the evil they were meant to re-
medy. They made men stubborn martyrs to the cause of free-
dons, whose noble enthusiasni, goaded to desperation, excited
the sympathy of their fellow-creatures. This was true of reli-
gion, " for the blood of the Martyrs was the seed of the Church ;"
and it was equally true of politics. Neither Athens nor Rome
bad fallen by a free press, but for the want done. Destroy the
free press Of this country, and curb- even its licentiousness; and
that moment would its liberties be consigned to- the tomb.—
Where was the line to be drawn ? The advantage and the evil
were so shotten, that in the attempt to separate them the whole
fabric became endangered, as in removing a speck from the
eye, the. vision itself was often destroyed. After a most power-
ful address, to which we cannot do justice, he concluded by ex-
pressing the most confident expectation of a triumphant ac-
quiteaal.

Miss Carlile fainted from the heat of the Court, and was car-
ried out during the trial. •
Mr. Justice BEST, in an animated appeal to the Jury, told
them that the Court had nothing to do with the question who
were or who were not the prosecutors. The question for them
to consider was this—was this a libel, and was the defendant the
publisher of it? He had .no hesitation in declaring it to be a
foul libel; but the Jury were also to form their judgment upon
that point, and if they had no conscientious scruples *upon the
subject, they were bound to administer justice according to
their oaths.

The Jury retired a little before four o'clock. At eight o'clock
in the evening they came into Court, and said they could not
agree. Four of them appeared to be for acquitting. They were
then ordered to retire again, upon which the Jury sent mes-
sages home to their respective families, that they would not be
home probably before morning.
When the Paper went to press this morning at three o'clock,
the Jury had not returned their verdict.—(Morning Paper.)

It is rumoured that JOSEPH KAYE, Esq. will
shortly retire from-the office of President of the
Law Society, which he has so long filled with ho-
nour to it and himself..

V-esterday the State Lottery finished Drawing
when No. 4,421 was drawn a Prize of TWENTY-
THOUSAND POUNDS, Consols, and Shared
by J. and J. SI V EWRIGHT, 37, Cornhill ; 11,
Holborn : and 38, llaymarket.—Messrs. J. and
J. SI VEWRIGHT have also the pleasure of an-
nouncing their having Sold in the same Lottery,
1,416 - -
_.e4,000 12,730 - - P 2,400
9,182 - e 2,429 19,023 - ,22,100
Besides Eight Minor Capitals. The Public are
requested to bring them in for Payment.—A
New Lottery will be Contracted for on Thurs-
day, and if J. and J. SIVEW RIGHT are the Con-
tractors, they will have the pleasure of submitting
to the üblic a very brilliant Scheme. -
Yesterday the State Lottery finished drawing,
when No. 6,231 was drawn a Prize of 13,000,
3 per Cent. Consols, which was shared by Bisn
in One Quarter and Twelve Sixteenth Shares.—
BISII also Sold and Shared in the previous
drawings of the same Lottery, the following
brilliant list of Capitals :-
14,041, a Prize of £21,000
10,830, a Prize of X 2.0,000
19,515, a Prize of R16;000
Besides several of 1'2,000, ,el,OOO, &c. &c. too
numerous to insert in an Advertisement. A
New Lottery will be on sale in a few days at
4, Cornhill, and 9, Charing-Cross.
BISII'S Offices:

THE SUN.

QUIS DICERB FALSUM AUDE.it?

LONDON,
IVEDNE,S'DAY," JULY 25, 1821.

We received this morning the Paris Journals
of Sunday. The follewing are extracts :
" ST. CLOUD, JULY 21.—The Duke de Ri-
chelieu transacted business with the King. His
Majesty took his usual airing at four o'clock.—
(Mowiteur.).
" PARIS, JULY 22.—We learn from Berli❑
that the object of the conspiracy.; which has. just
been discovered, was the introduction of the
Spanish Constitution into Prussia. A.Nobleman,
residing near Dautzic, was at the head of the
conspirators, and had formed the plan of seizing
by surprise the town of Stargard, in which there
is a magazine of arms belonging bathe laudwehr;
he expected to find there also all the other means
necessary for the execution of the ulterior plans
of the, conspirators. Fourteen persons have been,
arrested.

" Our private correspondent at Vienna, on
whose authenticity we can rely, informs us that
intelligence had arrived on the 11th instant of
the Turkish troops having entered Jassy on the
26th.of June, after having completely destroyed
every thing that was opposed to them. The de-
tails were not known when our correspondent's
letter left Vienna.—(Gazetie de France.)
" The question relative to, the most valuable
of our public liberties is still undecided; the law
proposed by the Ministers relative to the censor-
ship of periodical writings, can at present be
considered only as a projet; and if, as we may
be permitted to hope, this projet should not be
adopted by the first political body of the State,
at the expiration of a l'egishitive Session which is
near its end, we shall return under the empire of
the CHARTER, and the protection of the common.
law.--(Journal des Daats.)
" If any credit can be given tam letter insert-
ed in the Journal of the Department of the North,
the town of Wurtzburg has just witnessed a mi-
raculous cure, which has produced the most
lively impression. We all recollect that unfor-
tunate Princess of Schwartzenberg, who in 1811
fell a victim at Paris to her maternal love, when
a fire broke out .in her dancing saloon.--
One of her daughters, the Princess Ma-
tilda, has' from infancy been afflicted with a
dreadful disorder which has produced a carious of
two of the vertebrz of the dorsal spine, and was
pronounced incurable by the most eminent
physicians of Vienna and Paris, among others
by Dr. Dubois, who, after having attended her
for three years, declared that she might live,
but would never be able to walk. A young man,
however, has appeared who has falsified the pre-
dictions of the Doctors, and who has said to the
young Princess, Rise and walk. He is a German
peasant, brought by Prince Alexander of Hohen-
kite, an ecclesiastic, to the house of the phy-
sician at Wurtzburg, where the Princess's
friends had placed her, and who, after hav-
ing repeated a prayed, and asked the young
Princess if she firmly believed that God had the
power of working her cure, effected this miracle !
On that very day the Princess Matilda went
down stairs to the family chapel in the house,
and walked a long ,time in the garden before an
immense concourse of the inhabitants,who flocked
thither to convince themselves of this astonishing
fact. Such is at least the account given by her
governante, published in the Journal above men-
tioned.—(Journal de Paris.)
" The French Chamber of Deputies have
voted the Budget by a large majority.

FRENCH FUNDS.
July 21, Five per Cents.
Bank Stock 1520 f. c.

" A tyc;stmacr, JULY 14.—Commercial letters
from Vienna and Odessa continue to state there
will be no war between Russia and the Porte,
and that the public funds have risen a little. It
is said that the great Powers will act as media-
tors between the Turks and Greeks, in order
that certain provinces may be assigned to the
Greeks, which are to be governed by their own
municipal laws, like the islanders of Chios.
JULY 16.—Patras, Tripolizza, and some other
places in the Morea of less consequence, are yet
in the possession of the Turks. We have
received no confirmation of the reported ca-
pitulation of the Ottoman garrison of Patras ;
nor has the report been contradicted officially

The successes obtained fey the Greek fleet
over the Ottoman squadron which lately passed
through the Dardanelles are fully confirmed.—
The Turks have lost several ships of war, consist-
ing of triples, corvettes, and other vessels Aka
smaller class:. Tile troops on hard these ship,
fell into the hands of the Greeks, who o❑ this
occasion did not massacre them.

STOCaIIOLM, JULY 3.—The King transmit-
ted on the 28th of last month a message to the
Diet of Norway, stating that he had read the ad-
dress of the Diet concerning the. liquidation .of
the debt due from• Norway to Denmark, and it
appeared to his Majesty that the resources of
Norway were inadequate to form au independent
State, if tiffs Kingdom were not supported and
defended by Sweden.

" Conformably to the Convention of the Ist cf
September,. 18,19, 'the eight bond.; given by the
Finance Department of the kingdbm of Norway,
amounting to the surrr of 3,400,000 thaters, being
the balance due from-Norway to Denmark, were
a •
remitted yesterday, together with the interest or
dividends due on them, to M. Fitzgtrald, the
Minister of the Power under whose mediation
the loan was' contracted."

A New York Paper has arrived this morning,
one day later than the last arrival, :

NEW YOBS, JUNE 2#3,—The Chaplain of the Nfacedonian
frigata died at Valparaiso, and was buried with military honors-
Judge PREVOST, who was ordered away from Buenos Ayres,
had arrived at Chili in a British brig. His successor, Colonel
FaunEs, was graciously received at Buenos Ayres, b. Conse-
quence, it was said, of an understanding that he came as a pub-
lic Ambassadorof the United States, instructed to acknowledge
the independence of South America..

RUSSIAN TIIADE.—Sixty-six American vessels, bearing"
nearly 16,000 tons, were engaged in the year 1820, in the
Petersburg trade. This estimate is little less than one-eleventh
of the whole tonnageemployed in the trade of that place ;
the exports in American vessels were of Iron, more than cal`-
half, of Hemp, nearly one-sixth, of Cordage, more than ow:-
third, of Sail Cloth, Ravens Duck, Sheeting and Diaper:*
nearly seven-tenths, of Feathers, five-eighths. These fact'
prove that no part of the complaints made by Russia, 05) die
unprofitableness of her trade during the past year, can apply
to that portion of it which has been prosecuted tiy America-

We received this morning one Lisbon and One,
Hambargh Mail, and we annex their contents

G 4 LISBON, JULY 4.—During the sitting of the
Cortes yesterday, a note from the Minister of the
Marine was received,. stating that the squadron In
which his Majesty returned was in sight. This
information caused some embarrassment, as it "I's
not possible to arrange, before mid day, what
was necessary to receive his Majesty in a pro Per
manner. The Cortes proceeded to elect bY
ballot 24. persons to be presented to his Majesty,
that he might chase from. among them 8 to for'
his Council of State. While. the ballot was pro'
c-eeding a message arrived at 2 o'clock fronrthe
Minister of the Interior, stating that the deputa-
tion composed of the President of the RegencY7
the Minister of the Marine, &c. were gale ()la
hoard to compliment his Majesty and had nut
turned, and that it waited to know whether bjs
Majesty desired to land or not.—At 4 ah°theri
messenger came to ask whether the depntatio4l°
the Regency was to wait on board far that 0f the.
Cortes, or whether it was to retire, leaving only
the Marine Minister? after some debate it wes
resolved, an account of the lateness of the boor,
which made it impossible to send a deratati°33
on board in a proper manner, the Regency 5.:°
uh
be informed that the deputation which it has
sent should remain with his Majesty till the-00r-
tes sent-theirs, and that his Majesty 911°111d be
asked at what hour he would receive the "e'
tation of the Cortes, which would meet the nest
day at the usual hour.
the
" LISBON, JULY s.—ln the Sitting Of l,t
-Cortes yesterday, which began at half past e1g..1
:o'clock, the President communicated, sev,r,a,
Notes from the Ministers of the Marin and 1-7111
Interior. The first stated that the DePlit'itg,
of the Regency had remained on board his
jestyls ship, as the Cortes had ordered. The
cond, that his Majesty would land at ten o'clecti•
The third and fourth, that he would not lafgo,
till four o'clock, and that his Secretary for ale
reign Affairs should have a conference wit" .iaf,
President of the Cortes ; but the "Cortes I'l ose
previously decreed that his Majesty should cbt
some hour before noon, and he having krtie
pointed tell o'clock, his Majesty should 1111,0 to
this, and the Deputation of the Cortes,
compliment and accompany him at that ariitate
Meantime the ballot for Councillors e'ouipli"
continued, and the Deputation went tO cocell'e
ment his Majesty. At a quarter before,/,,jestfri
o'clock, a Message was received that his'
would land immediately. It was live ocortegj
„ c
when his Majesty entered the Hall of the de
re
supported by the Secretary Falgueires, ccgir
by the Deputation of the Cortes, and aeseholu
nied by all the Officers of his Royal Wale, tite
and having taken his seat on the Thr.Vto
Book of the Holy Gospels was presente" 151i4
by the President, on which his ;(„
his hand, pronounced the following 03`:Collist',;,,-(i
" Jong VI, by the Grace of God, and bY, iitraz„.ll
tion, King of the United Kingdoms of Portiigl", the 1ia,"6.",
Algarve, swear upon the Holy Gospels to maintsl-observeuii_
lic, Apostolic, Roman Religion, and cause to be vorae.'"a
bases of the Constitution, decreed by the General.
nary, and Constitutional Cortes of the Portuguese all P-
the Constitution which they shall make, and to be
spects faithful to the said nation." he Pr°
" After this solemn oath was taken, t atheti4
dent delivered a most energetic and P

speech, to which his Majesty lister,al with par-
ticular attention and evident signs of approbation
Mis Mai esty then left the Hall, accompanied by the
deputation, and the President presented a written
discourse of his Majesty, in answer to his,
saying that his Majesty being too fatigued
to day to read it himself, requested it might be
read,il and it being observed that this should be
"e by one of the Ministers appointed by, his
ittr'
—4aiestY, this was communicated to the King,who
Sent his Minister for Foreign Affairs,who read the
sPeecb.

Cc
41 CORTES, JULY s.—The President stated
that when his Majesty had taken the oath he
added these words, which were heard by all the
Secretaries who were near his Majesty.-4 And
alt this is true, and I swear with my whole
heart.'—Some Deputies who wore near the Pre-
sident declared also that they had heard these
Words. Mr. Freire proposed that the Arch-
bishop of Bahia, as President of the deputation
Which had been to compliment the King, should
Present a report of all that had passed. This was
I)Proved, and the Archbishop said he should do
It with pleasure, as he would testify that his
wiajesty had received the deputation with evident
trillarks of satisfaction, and repeatedly declared
_ at he voluntarily and with all his heart approved
what the Cortes did.
..14‘ LISBON, JULY 12.—The Regency announc-'
on the 4th, that it had laid down its functions i
rtiCOOSequence of his Majesty having assumed the
thanks
of Government.—The Cortes have returned
t'
Aaoks to the Members of the Regency for their
uct in the exercise of their important duties."
LMBURGII PAPER, JULY 17.—" The ac-
j'uots from Turkey, &c. are not of a later date
Juan those already received, viz. Odessa, 18th
1.4114 e) Constantinople, 126.—A letter from Te-
sh!Poi, on the Dneister, 26th June, says, that
Jane
which left Coustantinople on the 18th of
four
state, that of the Turkish fleet of eight sail
b,lir bad been taken by the Greeks, two were
teTekacled in a small harbour, and only two had
th"-iroed to Constantinople. The executions of
i4e,9reeks continued, and any who were found
(i,rtte street were murdered by the people. No
to beek could emigrate.—Orders have been given
hury the Greek Patriarch,, whose body was
"gt to Odessa, with extraordinary pomp. It
alirsearS that at the end of June the Turks were
masters of the strong places in the Morea.'

e have every reason to believe that the ru-
ti()l4 of an extensive retrenchment having.been
("olenced, both in the Military and Civil De-
partments of the State, is well founded. Several
egitnents, it is said, are already marked for re-
action ; and the complement of men in the re-
-4411
t entstenerally is to be diminished. It is eel-.
(14113- desirable, and indeed indispensable, that
tiele expenditure and revenue of the country should
othPlaced in a more prosperous relation to each
cheer than they bear at present. With regard to
iiti.bdirninution of the salaries of the Clerks in the
rilic Offices :—the amount thus proposed to be
Wien is in itself so inconsiderable—the inconve-
ruin the hardship, in some cases the positive
hurri),;° many deserving individuals, and to their
destB families, will be so great, so severe, so
that-4et°ll e hiel and for so paltry a consideration,
0/ w think the measure altogether unworthy
I3esa.a liberal Government and a great Nation.
tipehiges) there are some very mistaken notions
cruel this subject, which help to disguise the
irk. consequences of a curtailment of the
Aulo of those persons from the public.—
4(l,llgst these i,s the plausible argument
trii-rileed) that as " the principal necessaries
the 'e) Particularly bread, have fallen in price,
niss4llries, after being reduced 20 per cent.,
• -""1 furnish means of subsistence equal to
ck
produce at the time the parties be-
!tile
4e Possessed of them." Though specious,
,eannot be a greater fallacy than this. If
three"the whole income of a man having
444 tie" ) four, six, or ten hundred pounds per
4403 Were expended on bread alone, or on
lih oCher necessaries as have experienced a
P,ree depression in value ; there might be some
"tit this Well as plausibility in the proposition.—
Ntii,s'is is far from being the case. A family ex-
-4t h9g a Thousand a year, for example, does
Ptob
Sear ably consume more than 30/. or 40/.
date' in bread. The saving, therefore, by the
skier ' Price of this article is exceedingly incon-
hilstt
; not more certainly than 101. or 15/. ;
r "IQ reduction prosed to be made in a salary.
1•,1-11 a-year is Two HUNDRED POUNDS!
ca 'Po ." tile Price of necessaries is indeed a very
rt4ll(
object to families of very limited in-
-1,11(lund---1)81 object
forty, fifty, sixty, or even a hundred
oulst entiN° families whose whole income is al-
a ttiCY expended on necessaries; but it is
in e 3 whillg advantage to men of liberal in-
- the' ""° expend their money chiefly, not
Niro
:est) lase of necessaries but in keeping up
„ eetah,
amble house, on servants, on the edu-
arieu) st-,' in making provision for their chil-
-1-e habit: B'.e.,—iterns of expenditure which
Dieered ato
it progress of the age have ren-
any
of ctill.hectvicr than they were at the time
Iresent s" Parties became possessed of their
_ ap_
44:111iries ,Wances. We intend to make some
rotb rnoti v eleative to this subject, in the hope,
resent this B,of humanity, of being enabled to
Point of
truenah
iew measure before the public iu
rs
v.

One „ow._
' of those persons who clamour against the
onstitttt'onni 4
it is a
i .....
.iusociation, merely because .
IcietY formed for the purpose of counteracting
e dangerous ,
uesigns of a malignant though des-
cable faction, and not from any real conviction
4t either the constitution or the proceedings of
e Society are illegal, in speaking of the trial of
pre
C'tLILE yesterday.on an indictment
'red by the Association, says that 4c Mr.
firer] by
conducted the defence on this occasion
that
;I.tic learning and ability which his former
. m led men to
expect from him
41;"—thatr. Justice BEST, in his charge, observed, that, .