The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-06 00:00:00

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ANT'S(CCeeennn ttt:
ILoan, 111384N3519G:433E263 IN LONDON, FEB. 6, 1844.
C
With Bengal and Madras, 60 day's sight is lld
On Bombay, 60 days' sight is llid

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTI-
TUTION.

We attended the other day at this institution, hi order to
hear the -musical lectures which Mr. Horn—the celebrated
composer—is now giving there. Unquestionably these lec-
tures form the most attractive feature of the institution, and,
if followed up with spirit and perseverance, bid fair to obtain
extensive popularity, and draw numerous and fashionable
audiences. But surely the proprietors of the Polytechnic
are not acting with their usual judgment in changing the
subjects of the lectures once a week ! They should allow
each lecture to be continued for at least a month, so that the
public may have sufficient time to become acquainted with
its peculiar merits. When we last heard Mr. Horn, the
subject on which he was expatiating was American music,
more especially that of the negroes in the southern slave
states of Yankee land. The subject was evidently new to
the majority of the audience, who listened with the deepest
attention; and we shall not soon forget the impression which
the lecturer produced by the exquisitely simple and pathetic
manner in which he sang the air, " O'er the lake, and by
the willow," and the hearty and cordial spirit which lie
threw into another favourite negro song, entitled the " Ohio."
Such a lecture, containing, as it did, a world of novel and
curious inforp►ation—to say nothing of the beautiful melo-
dies which were interspersed throughout it—would inevita-
bly, had it been allowed fair play, have gained on the atten-
tions of the public; but before it had time to produce the
requisite impression, the proprietors directed some other
musical suh;,ect to be substituted for it, greatly, as we happen
to know, to the surprise and vexation of many, who were
anxious to go and hear it.. Mr. Horn's lectures, we repeat,
need only .to be generally known to become generally
popular; he is incomparably the best musical lecturer we
have ever heard; and the proprietors of the Polytechnic In-
stitution will not be consulting their best interests, if they do
not allow each of his lectures sufficient time to produce an
impression on the public mind. We will venture to say that
if the subject of "American music" had been allowed a
month's run—to borrow a phrase from the theatre—it would
at the expiration of that period have become a general
favourite, and filled the institution to overflowing.

THE ROYAL ACADEMY.
On Saturday the members of the Royal Academy of
Arts gave their anniversary dinner at their apart,
ments in Trafalgar-square, which was attended by a
numerous assemblage of guests of the first rank and
talent, among whom were his Royal Highness Prince
Secretaries of State for the Home and
Albert, the Lord President of the Council, First Lord
of the. Treasury,Colonial Departments, Secretary at War, First Lord of
the Admiralty, Commander of the Forces, Master of
the Horse, Speaker, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Pre-
sident of the Board of Trade, Lord Chief Justice of the
Court of Queen's Bench,Master of the Rolls, Vice-
Chancellor of England, Lord Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas, Lord Chief Baron, Solicitor-General,
Chairman of the Board of Customs, Chairman of the
Hon. East India Company, Governor of the Bank,
Master and Warden of Dulwich College, Pre-
sident of the College of Physicians, President
of the College of Surgeons, Portuguese, Sar-
dinian, . Sicilian, Danish, and Swedish Minis-
ters ; Dukes of Bedford, Richmond, Beaufort, Suther-
land, and Cleveland ; Marquises Northampton, Angle-
sey, Westminister, Normanby, Exeter, and Granby ;
Earls of Burlington, Brownlow, Eldon, Howe, Clarendon,
Cawdor, and Dartmouth ; Viscount Palmerston • Lords
Besborough, Monteagle, Sudely, Prudhoe, Colborne,
Brougham and Vaux, Abergavenny, John Russell,
Francis Egerton, Charles Townsend, and Mahon ;
Bishops of London, Lichfield ; Right Honourables F.
Baring, H. Labouchere, C. W. Wynn ; Sirs R. H. Inglis,
J. Swinburne. G. Phillips, H. Wheatley, Willoughby
Gordon, 11. Ellis, T. Baring, E. Ryan, T. D. Acland,
W. James, J. Lubbock, J. Knight Bruce, G. Staunton ;
Rev. Sydney Smith, Colonel Wylde, Captain Seymour,
Messrs. J. Morrison, J. Neeld, E. R. Tunne, S. Rogers,
C. Babbage, J. Cartwright, Hampden Turner, B. Hawes,
T. G. B. Estcourt, P. H. Howard, J. 11. Hip-
pisley, R. Vernon. S. Jones Loyd, T. Grenville, Sydney
Herbert, C. Kemble, A. Milne, D. Barclay, H. ElAin-
stone, R. J. Murchison, C. Dickens, 11. Hallam, J. 11.
Green, &c.

FALMOUTU, FRIDAY NIGIIT.—The packet Pen-
guin, Lieutenant Leslie, arrived here this morning from
the Brazils. She left Rio de Janeiro March 13th. Pas-
sengers—Edward Porter, Esq., her Majesty's Consul at
Bahia; Mr. and Mrs. Dufrere and family; Mr. and Mrs.
Villeneuve and sons ; three Misses Samuel and servant;
Mr. Haak and servant, and five miners. Had on freight
about 20,0001. There is no political news by her;
the affair of the arrangements of the new Ministry are
in the same state as reported by the last packet, but
Considerable concessions had been made by the Finance
Minister for the removal of restrictions on shipping.
commercial transactions very heavy. The next packet,
the Swift following, had not arrived out at Rio. Her
Majesty's ships at Rio were—the Daphne, Pearl, and
Crescent. Ix the River Plate remained (by letter of Feb.
21st, from Monte Video), the Alfred, Curaccoa, Gorgon,
Ardent, and Racer. Affairs in the River Plate unchanged.
EXTRAORDINARY NATURAL CURIOSITY.—The head
and horns of a most extraordinary and gigantic Durham
ox, recently arrived at Windsor Castle for the inspec-
tionr of
of his
Royal Highness Prince Albert, in the highest
state preservation, having been prepared, by a pecu-
liarp
process, with the greatest care, so as to cause it to
resemble, in every respect, the head of the singular ani-
mal when alive. The ox, which was bred at Enerdale, in
Cumberland, stood 18 hands high, and its carcase, when
slaughtered, weighed one ton, eleven hundred and
twenty-eight pounds. The most extraordinary por-
tion of this natural curiosity are the horns, which are
50 inches in circumference (as large round as the body
of a good-sized man) near their base, and four feet each
in length. The horns, from tip to tip, are exactly four
feet across. The head and horns, when detached from
the body of the beast at the time it was slaughtered
(then six years old) weighed 3601b5. The head, upon
its arrival at Windsor, was deposited in the apartment of
Majesty at the Queen's aviary, in the Home Park, under
the care of Mr. Walters, the superintendent of that
establishment, for the inspection of Prince Albert.
LIYERPOOLAND MANCHESTER RAILWAY.--ADOther
class of carriages is about to be introduced on this line of
railway, superior in accommodation to the present second-
class carriages, but inferior to the first. The passengers in
them will be sheltered from the weather. The carriages now
employed in carrying the second-class passengers will in
future be employed in carrying a third class of passengers at
lower tarez.—LtVwpotl Times.

IMPORTANT MEETING OF THE
REPEAL ASSOCIATION.

An adjourned meeting of the Repeal Association was held
on Friday in the Conciliation Hall. At one o'clock Mr.
O'Connell, accompanied by Mr. Smith O'Brien, M.P., Mr.
Jolm O'Connell, and other gentlemen, presented them-
selves, and were enthusiastically greeted. On the motion of
Mr. S. O'Brien, Charlos O'Connell, Esq., of Ennis, was called
to the chair.

Mr. RAY read the following letter from Lord Shrewsbury :
" Alton Towers, April 29th, 1844.
"Sir,—l beg you will convey to the Loyal National Repeal
Association the high estimation in which I hold the honour
they have done me, and how warmly I cherish the far too
flattering terms in which their thanks have been conferred
upon my endeavours to advocate the cause of Ireland. My
only hope is, that the agitation of the question, even upon
paper, may tend to good, as it must help to familiarise the
English public to the grievances and afflictions of the Irish
people, and gradually induce them to a livelier and more
earnest interest in their alleviation. Would to God that their
eyes might be opened to the urgency and importance of the
question, and instead of treating it as a mere matter of jus-
tice to Ireland, be convinced how intimately their own wel-
fare is concerned in it.

" I will not attempt to express how deeply I feel the high.
minded and generous sentiments with which Mr. O'Connell
seconded the vote of thanks, as I have already acquainted
the Liberator' with my inability to do so.—l have the honour
to remain, Sir, with great respect, your humble servant,_
" SHREWSBURY, WATERFORD, A.ND WEXFORD.

" T. M. Ray, Esq., &c.,
" I have desired my bookseller to forward you a copy of
the second edition of the pamphlet, and which enters some-
what more fully into the subjects treated of in the first."
The letter of the Noble Earl was ordered to be entered on
the minutes.
It was announced that at the meetings to be held to oppose
Lord Eliot's Registration Bill, the Repeal question would not
be at all introduced. _ _ _

• .....
Mr. O'CoxxELL then rose to move that the Committees be
instructed to prepare an address to the people of Ireland,
pointing out the plan on which they should act after the
present prosecutions. For his part, be did not think there
were any bad omens arising as to the future.—(Cheers.)
They were arrived at a crisis of no small difficulty, of con-
siderable danger, but of happy results if they only deserved
them ; a period fraught with great advantages to the country,
if the people of that country only continued faithful ; if they
only remained uninfluenced by fear or timidity ; if they
avoided the smallest approach to turbulence or riot, and did
not abandon the sacred cause of the liberty of their native
land.—(Cheers.) In investigating what course should be
taken at the present period—for the prosecutions would soon
come to an end—in investigating that course one of the
greatest consolations arose before him ; he embraced it

heartily ; he cherished it dearly and affectionately ; the con-
solation
was this—there was a certainty that the peace
would not be broken. They were safe, therefore, on that
point; but there never was a period in which the second part
of their motto was so necessary to be enforced and acted upon.
If they gave up the cause now—if they allowed themselves
Le be swayed by idle fears, they would be defeated for at
least half a century. If they abandoned repeal at its present
stage, no one could tell when it might be revived again—if
they abandoned repeal they would join with the Attorney- •
General and Brewster.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) If they
abandoned the repeal agitation they would pronounce a worse
judgment against Ireland than the Queen's Bench could
possibly pronounce against the conspirators.—(Cheers.) The
Learned Gentleman here went into an historical inquiry
to show that Ireland was entitled to a Parliament of her
own as much as England, and then proceeded to speak
at length of the many advantages which she possessed before
the union, the loss of which she now so much felt, and
how the union was obtained by fraud and corruption. He
went on to state, in continuation, that absenteeism, the
Church Establishment, want of a proper representation and
franchise, internal legislation, and want of a fixity of tenure,
&c., were some of the grievances under which she suffered,
and said he would, in reference to them, consider matters
which he thought would tend towards their remedy.
Having at some length gone into the history of the repeal
question, the Learned Gentleman proceeded to say that he
never wholly gave up its agitation from his outset in pub-
lic life, nearly half a century past ; yet there he stood a
" convicted conspirator," for acting conscientiously always
upon this one opinion, and in that position he hurled his
contempt upon those who pledged themselves to re-
dress the grievances of this country, but who only
continued to invent meaneby which they could impose upon
her people additional burdens.—(Hear.) Many an injury
was done to Ireland, many an insult was offered to Ireland,
but a greater injury—a more truculent insult had never yet had
been offered than by Lord Eliot's Franchise Bill.—(Hear, hear.)
He gave an analysis of the provisions of the Bill, pointed out
its defects, and stated them to be the consequences of " foreign
legislation." There were three things that he wished to (lo—
be would wish first to make them distinctly understand the
past history of the repeal cause; secondly, the present posi-
tion of the repeal agitation; and, thirdly, their future pros-
pects.—(Hear.) He went rapidly over their past history,
and came to the events of the repeal agitation since 1830.
In 1834 he was forced to bring the question before Par-
liament ; and he remembered that in the division one Scotch
Member voted in favour of the measure, but not one Eng-
lishman. There were against them 550 Members, com-
posed of English, Irish, and Scotch, while there voted alto-
gether in favour of the question 44 Members, and the
one Scotchman whom he had secured, making 45. Upon
that occasion, however, the English Parliament came
forward, and in a declaration made by the House of
Commons, and ratified by the House of Lords, they con-
jointly approved of it, and it was sanctioned by the King
It was to the effect that every effort should be used to
preserve the union inviolable, but that all the grievances
under which the country laboured should be redressed as
speedily as ,possible. That declaration had everything but
the form of law—everything but the sanction of legal au-
thority. It was the declaration of the King, Lords, and
Commons, in deliberate assembly, and had attached to
it all the usual obligations of an oath.—(Loud cheers.)
But that pledge had been violated.—(Oh, oh.) He (Mr.
O'Connell) did not like that the agitation should go down at
that time, knowing how difficult it would be, perhaps, to give
it life and effect again. He, however, trusted them ; and in-
stead of redressing the grievances of Ireland, they had in-
flicted many more since.—(Cheers.) He was in the position
now to show the baseness of the. English Parliament—to
show their gross violation of a solemn pledge—and to show
the people of Ireland that their only hope was repeal.—
(Cheers.) The prosecutions, or rather the persecutions,
brought him to the second part of what he had to say as to
the present state of the repeal cause. He had gone through
the motives that should induce persons to become re-
peelers; he had gone through the history of the past,
and lie now came to the present state of the repeal
cause.—(Hear.) The first feature in it was the quantity
of the English sympathy they had obtained. His jour-
ney to England demonstrated that a large class of good
and wise men there were anxious to have justice done to
Ireland.—(Hear, hear.) Well, as to the next feature in these
prosecutions. He wanted to know what could be the result
in the first place? Possibly, judgment—possibly, and not
improbably, imprisonment and fine. Well, they were ready
to be imprisoned, and if fined they were ready to pay the
fine.—((heers.) They mistook them much who speculated
on the ill health of some of the oldest amongst the traversers.
—(Loud laughter.) The only apprehension that could arise
on the subject would be the fretting and tormenting them by
reason of the imprisonment. There need be no apprehension
in his case, for he told them he never was more comfortable
in his own house than he would be in prison.—(Loud cheers)
He told them that no one pang of sorrow, or one
feeling of inconvenience should ever disturb the tran-
quillity of his mind, or make his blood circulate with more
than natural rapidity through his veins.—(Hear, hear.) He
had not the least notion—he would not condescend to use
the word apprehension—of not wearing out his time of im-
prisonment. There would be, to be sure, one sorrow that
could not I:,e removed—an affliction that could not be soothed
—if either Of two things happened—if either the people broke
the peace, or abandoned the agitation.—(Loud cheering.)
Let him anticipate, and conceive himself within the prison
cell, and there he pronounced in a loud voice, " Irishmen, as
you love your country be peaceable, loyal, tranquil—lrish-
men, remember you have a country, and let riot the enemies
of that country triumph over you by your criminal apathy
in neglecting the cause now that I am within the prison
walls."—(Loud and continued cheering, and cries of "Never,
never.")
Mr. STEELE having addressed the meeting,
Mr. S. O'BiuEN said that he was a repealer, because he
saw there was no reasonable prospect of obtaining justice
from an Imperial Parliament.—(Cheers.) At present they
were labouring under a national prosecution—a prosecution
against the Irish nation—for he would not call it a prosecu-
tion against Mr. O'Connell and the other traversers.—(Hear,
hear.) He did not adopt the language used at many of
those meetings by individual gentlemen—he made every
allowance for them. He did not think it was any language
for which they ought to suffer an hour's imprisonment, but
he did hold himself responsible for their acts.—(Loud cheer-
ing.) He said this, that if Mr. O'Connell and the other
traversers deserved to be sent to gaol, he deserved to be sent
there too.— (Cheers ; and a voice, "And we.") He hoped he
was authorised to promise Mr. O'Connell, in their names, that
his heart would not be afflicted by any species of violence.—
(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.") And he did, with equal
anxiety, implore of them to allow him to give him the pledge
that they would not afflict his heart by the other alternative.
The meeting then separated.

DRURY-LANE THEATRE.—LueiIe Grahn's appear-
ance in the Revolt of the Harem is postponed until Wed-
nesday for additional yehearsals. Harrison's benefit, on
Thursday next, presents the most attractive bill of the
the whole season—for Salvi, Inchindi, Mesdames Castel-
lan, Dorus Gras, and numerous other artistes make
their appearance.
OLYMPIC.—Mr. E. L. Blanchard, the author of
many successful pieces peculiar to this theatre, takes a
benefit, we perceive, this evening at the above theatre.
Mr. Blanchard is a young man of great talent, and
rising rapidly in public estimation. He is the son of the
late Mr. Blanchard, the well-known comedito, who, for
many years, was a member of the Covent-garden com-
pany during the management of Mr. Harris and the
Kembles. The bill of fare consists of three pieces, writ-
ten by himself ; one of which (The Road of Life) has
had a successful run this season of upwards of 100 nights.
We heartily wish him that success to which his merits
so justly entitle him,
DOVER MAIL.—The Post-office authorities have
given the usual notice to the South-Eastern Railway
Company to carry the night mail on and after the 11th
instant—the down at 30 minutes past 8, P.M., arriving in
Dover at 30 minutes past 12 ; and the up at 1, A.M.,
arriving in London at 5, A.m. This is a step in the right
way; but, we regret to say, the day mail, which, of the
two, was the more required to be put on the railway,
will be taken by road, as usual. It was originally an-
nounced that the mail train would be a first class train
only; but this intention, from an objection urged by the
Postmaster-General, has been abandoned, and the train
will be one for the accommodation of first and second
class passengers.—Railway Record.
The sentence of death upon Mary Furley has been
commuted tb imprisonment in the Penitentiary at Mill
bank, we understand, for a brief period.
WILL OF THE LATE SIR HENRY HALFORD, BART.
—The will of the late Sir Henry Halford, Bart., of Wis.
ton Hall, Leicester, has just been proved in Doctors'
Commons, by his son and sole executor, Sir Henry
Halford, Bart., to whoa, he has bequeathed the whole
of his property. The personal property is sworn
under 9,0001.
Major-General Lord Saltoun, the late Commander
of the Forces in China, is daily expected to arrive at his
mansion in Great Cumberland-place, rid the overland_ route,
from Hong-Kong, where Major-General D'Aguilar, C. 8., has
assumed the command.
We learn that Sir Henry Ha rdinge will depart for
India as soon as his private affairs will admit; and most
likely he will have embarked with his fami y 17 the second
week in the ensuing month. Sir Henry's
aPPlAtillellt 7in cause a vacancy for the borough of Launceston.

CURR,ENCr A:SID TRADE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Srn,—ln one of the leading articles of the Morning
Chro;iiele, on Wednesday, the Editor treated on the Fac-
sCry Bill, now before the House of Commons, and among
other remarks of importance observed:—
" Ii we can permanently raise wages by direct legisla-
tion, it is a new and most important truth in political
economy. The wellbeing of the most numerous class is
the great object of legislation, and the means of attaining
it the most precious boon which economical science can
confer upon society. Let it be shown that legislation
can by direct interference with human labour, ensure
permanently to the labouring classes a larger share of
the necessaries and comforts of life than they could
otherwise enjoy, and the establishment of the principle
will be a far more glorious event than the invention of
the railway or the steam-engine or any other physical
triumph of the age."
On two or three days preceding the article from which
I have quoted, another question was discussed in the
same paper—that of the Currency. Had the Editor of
the Chronicle fortunately taken the enlightened view you
have done on the latter most important topic, he would
have treated the currency and the rate of remuneration
for labour as questions clearly identical ; he would have
shown to his readers with a force to have entitled him
to some of the fame he offers to others, that when
rightly considered it is perfectly within the power of
Government, with their influence in the Legislature, to
" ensure permanently to the labouring classes a larger
share of the necessaries and comforts of life than they
could otherwise enjoy."
It is lamentable to reflect on the obtuseness of men's
minds regarding the fatal error committed in the mo-
metary circumstances of the nation by the celebrated
Bill of 1819, which not only at that time changed the
amount of all the liabilities of debtors, public and pri-
vate, and of the value of all property engaged in trade
and agriculture, from 30 to 50 per cent., but still ope-
rates to destroy the legitimate profit of the producer in
this country, and to impair, to a very oppressive extent,
the fair and just reward of labour. Mr. Pitt, when he
saw a necessity for lifting up taxation, looked at the
question of the currency with the light of experience
and of ancient precedent, and he adopted a conventional
medium of interchange in Bank of England paper,
which, by the celebrated Restriction Act, he rendered a
legal tender. The change so produced enabled the Go-
vernment of this country to supply most of the means
for carrying on the long and eventful Continental war
from 1797 to 1815, while,at the same time, it gave pros-
perity to all the producing classes of the United King-
dom ; and had the restriction been wisely continued for
the twenty-eight or thirty years after the termination of
the war, we should by, this time have paid off two-thirds
of the immense National Debt, and have seen the people
happy and contented.
It is an ascertained fact, as you have well pointed out,
that no other than an artificial currency enables the pro-
ducer to add indirect taxation to price, so as to reach
the wealthy consumer. The adoption of gold, fixed by
law at 3/. 17s. lOid., has the effect of confining the pay-
ment of this class of taxation to the producer—and hence
it is that wages of labour have been reduced to the ex-
tent of some two shillings or more per week, in respect
of the lowest class of labourers, and a proportionate
diminution of the higher class of artisans, a result mani-
festly unjust, and which ought not to be continued a day
after the discovery of a remedy is announced. This
very important mode of accounting for the distress and
misery that so extensively prevail among the producing
classes, has bees most lucidly set forth by Mr. John
Taylor, whose sound statistics, and profound writings
form the basis of a society recently organised in London,
for the concentration and diffusion of enlightened opinion
on the currency question. I refer to the " Society for
the Emancipation of Industry," in Parliament-street, and
I unhesitatingly invite an examination of the publica-
tions of that Society, in confirmation of what I have
advanced. If the views of this Society be fairly
considered and adopted, the wages of labour would un-
doubtedly rise some 20 per cent. without oppression to
the master—there would be abundant means of inter-
change of commodities at remunerating prices to the
capitalist in the home market—foreign commerce would
be carried on with facility and success, as well as with
equal justice to the foreign and British merchant ; and
we should not hear of future instances, such as that de-
scribed by Mr. Ward in the House of Commons, with
reference to the orders tendered by Mr. Muntz to the
town of Sheffield, being rejected, and ultimately sent abroad
for execution. The English manufacturer would be able
to sell abroad for gold at a price as low, or even lower,
quality being estimated, than the Continental producer.
Machinery would, from increased commerce at home
and abroad, take its proper place as the auxiliary, rather
than a means of superseding labour. Lord Ashley
might then fearlessly, and with safety, prosecute his
humane legislation to prevent undue labour of females'
and children in ourlactories. _

-
April 4, 1844. DELTA.

SAVINGS' BANKS.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sia,—That alteration in savings' banks had, long ago, be-
come necessary, is beyond doubt ; the Government have at
length taken the subject up. The proposed scalp is not the
least too low, but admits of further reduction.

There should be one set of rules applicable to every insti-
tution, and not varied as they now are. One rule should
provide that, where a party makes deposit as trustee for
another party, he should (subject to penalty for untrue de-
claration) declare in writing that the account opened was the
bond fide money of the person or persons deposited for; that
would prevent trickery which now exists in this respect.
Managers ought to-be very cautious as to the description
of parties when first they deposit, as improper individuals
(those well situated in life) avail themselves of these laudable
institutions.—Your obedient servant,
May 6. A MANAGER.