The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-12 00:00:00

TILE LONDON AND YORK RAILWAY.

A correspondent addresses a letter to us as a scrip-holder in
the London and York Railway, which, under existing circum-
stances, we deem worthy of insertion in our columns. It is as
follows

Sir,—being a constant reader of your journal, and a holder
of shares in the London and York line of railway, I feel assured
your usual kindness will not be wanting in giving publicity to
a few remarks I have to make on the anomalous position in
which this Company is now placed. The Lords' Committee
not having come to a conclusion on the various points laid
before them, further than that the " allegations against certain
respectable parties had not been sustained," and that, " as their
inquiries cannot be brought to a close during the present ses-
sion, they do not propose to report the evidencetakenbefhnotre
them to the House," the subject will have to be renewed ,s
Parliament again assembles. If rumoudrsepinensidueadrtoenr,siutsiticaolulyliiwaepl.l
informed on railway matters are to be
nLsoarbdles,
fleepf
oeramr
attoi
ohne
ohf iag hnleywprsoubbasbe
rl
ptthi
oart,
dueneddhere
will any
be circumstances g tuha:
an by r ed
itisteseaitd
safetyhetha that
such of tah es ipll , through t
considered
hl
noudsies eof
promoters of the Bill themselves. If a renewal of the -docu-
ment is really to be looked forward I fear the present
holders of the scrip will find themselves in an awkward posi-
tion ; and it is with this view I am induced to draw forth
(through the medium of your journal) some remarks from
those more conversant than myself with these matters as to the
circumstances in which we are actually placed, for it will be
necessary, in case of a new deed being required, for all scrip-
holders to sign it. The adhesion to the company of the origi-
nal subscribers will therefore become optional. If certain
sinister rumours afloat be well founded, the present difficulties
hive emanated from a quarter which has laid itself open to
severe censure, since the difficulties referred to and injury to
the shareholders may be attributed to the parties concerned.
It is also very questionable, whether, if a new subscription deed
be resolved upon, it can pass it: the House of Lords without
having first gong through the House of Commons ; and hence
arises one of the most serious embarrassments attending the
whole affair, for should such prove to be the case, a complete

formation of a new :company would be rendered necessary',
while the whole expense would have to be gone into again.
It, that case, who must be the sufferers ? No new sub-
scribers would be found to take upon them the heavy
expenditure already incurred ; and the only course left open
would be to break up the present company, the Shareholders in
which would have to bear the loss; but 'this votJd be meat
cruel and hard upon them, the more so if the omergeney has
been caused, or even aided. Sy the avaricious prooeedings oft
party from whom different conduct should have been eacructed.
You have justly remarked at various times on the talent dis-
played by the legal practitioners concerned for this .11111, and if
it has been counteracted in the manner which I fear it. has by
some other persons interested, the fact will, I trait, be
thoroughly exposed, so that the real delinquents may stand
forth to answer for themselves. Hoping through the me hum
of ycur valuable and independent journal soon to see a sole tion
of the problem, I remain, sir, your most obedient servant,
A LONDON AND YORK SCRIPHOLDEir•
Ti ability and energy displayed by the gentlemen chargme:
with conduci flg the Bill through its various difficult stages arts
certainly entilts.l to ail the commendation bestowed upon them.-
Nor can it be lout,
t,ed that it must be a source of great vexa-
tion that the shotx2d at the eleventh hour be placed in the
uncertain predicament N which our correspondent directs at-
tention with respect to it.--F°Bl.

MORTALITY IN HE METROPO-
LIS AND PROVINCES.
The usual quarterly tables of the morteiity in 115 of the dis-
tricts of England (inclusive of the principal towns), showing
the number of deahs registered in the four quarters of 1844,
the number of deaths in the June qaaarter of 1845, and the
average number of deaths in the five Jur, e quarters, 1.840-44,
have been published by the authority of the
Registrar-General.ln the metropolis, the population of whichis estimate.''at
1,915,104, according to the late census, the deaths in the
spring quarter, ending on the 30th of June last, amounted to'
11,267, somewhat above the ordinary average. The quarterly
average of five June quarters, from 1840-44, having been only
10,e35, and that of five years (1840-44), 11,948. The deaths
registered in the four quarters of 1844 amounted; respectively
to 13,471, 11,471. 11,823, and 13,566.
Of the 11,267 deaths in the quarter ended the 30th of June
last, 1 843 occurred in the western district of the metropolis,
2,130 in the northern, 2,056 in the central, 2,389 iu the
ea tern, and 2,849 in the southern, which are invariably the
most unhealthy and most inimical to longevity.
The total number of deaths registered in the spring quarter;
ended the 30th of June last, in the 115 provincial districts of
England, amounted, exclusively of the metropolis, to 29,462 ;
of which, 1,121 occurred in the south-eastern division, includ-
ing Maidstone, Brighton, the Isle of Wight, Winchester, and
Windsor ; 9a9 in the south midland, including St. Alban's,
Wycombe, Oxford, Northampton, Bedford, and Cambridge ;
90J in the eastern, including Colchester, Ipswich, ,Norwich,
and Yarmouth ; 1,695 in the south-western, including Devizes,
Dorchester, Exeter, Plymouth, Bath, Redruth, and Penzance;
4,750 in the western. including Bristol, Clifton. Stroud, Chela
tenham, Hereford, Shrewsbury, Worcester, Kidderminster,
Dudley, Walsall, Wolverhampton, Birmingham, and Coventry ;
1,513 in the north-midland, including Leicester, Lincoln,
Not tingham, Basford, and Derby; 10,305 in the north-western,
including the great manufacturing and commercial towns of
Stockport, Macclesfield, Liverpool, Blackburn, Preston, Rode-
dale, Isury, Bolton, Wigan, Prescott, Chorlton, Manchester,
Salford, and Ashton ; 4,611 in the York division, including
Sheffield, Huddersfield, Halifax, Bradford, Leeds, York, and
Hull ; 1,827 in the northern division, including Sunderland,
Gateshead, Tynemouth, Newcastle-on-Tune, Carlisle, Kendal,
and Coekermouth ; and 1,793 in the Welsh division, including
Abergavenny, Pontypool, Merthyr- Tydril, Wrexham, .1101Y-
well, and Anglesey.
'I he quarterly average of five June quarters (1840-44) in
the above 115 districts amounted to 28,639 ; and the quarterly
average of five years to 29,316. '1 he number of deaths regis-
tered in the four quarters of 1844, amounted, respectively, to
32,570, 27,454, 26,959, and 30,302. The population is taken
at 4,663,808.
The grand totals, including both the metropolis and the
115 provincial districts, give, with a population of 6,578,912,
40,729 deaths, during the last quarter (ending June 30);
39,494 death', as the average of five June quarters, from 1840
to 1844 ; 41,624 deaths, as the quarterly average of the five
years, 1840 to 1844 ; and 46,041 deaths, 38,925, 36,784, and
43,958 in the four quarters of the year 1844, respectively;
of the 11,267 deaths (from all causes) registered in the me-
tropolis during the 13 weeks ending 28th of June, 1845,
1,885 were occasioned by zymotic (epidemic, endemic, and
contagious) diseases. Of the deaths from spradic dis-
eases, 1,193 were caused by dropsy, cancer, and other dis-
eases of uncertain or variable seat; 1,938 by diseases of the
brain, spinal marrow, nerves, and senses ; 3,478 by diseases of
the lungs and other organs of respiration; 419 by diseases of
the heart and blood-vessels; 860 by diseases of the stomach,
liver, and digestive organs generally; 125 by diseases of the
kidneys; 150 by pa-turition and diseases of the generative
organs ; 85 by rheumatism and diseases of the bones anti
joints, &c. ; 25 by diseases of the skin and cellular tissue ;
744 by old age ; and 329 by violence, privation, and intem-
perance. Amongst the deaths from zymotic diseases, we find
that 246 persons were swept off by small. pox (nearly 100 per
cent. above the average of the five Lune quarters, 1839-43),
322 by measles, 201 by scarlatina, 463 by hooping-cough,
83 by croup, 45 by thrush, 84 by diarrhsea, 17 by dysentery,
11 by influenza, 308 by typhus, 80 by erysipelas, and 13 by
syphilis.
The quarterly meteorological tables, compiled from the
weekly tables furnished to the registrar-general by the astroU
nomcr royal, show that the mean height of the barometer during
the last. quarter (from sth of April to 28th of June), from 72
obset vanons corrected and reduced to 32 deg. Fahrenheit, was
29.731 inches, the highest point having been 30.094 inches
during the second week of June, when a constant calm pre-
vailed in the atmosphere, and the lowest point 29.332 inches,
during the second week of April, when the general direction
of the wind was from N. N. W. The highest point attained
by the thermometer was 83 deg. 2 min., and the lowest point.
to which the mercury fell 29 deg. 5 rnin., marking an extreme
difference of 63 deg. 7 min.
The mean of the highest point on each day from six obser-
vations, was 60 deg. 5 min.; and the mean of the lowest, on
each day, 44 deg. 2 min., showing a difference of i 6 deg. 3 min,
The mean of 72 observations gave a result of 51 deg. 9 min.
The average dew-point (mean of 72 results) was 46 deg. 5 min.
The extreme altitude of the self otegistering. thermometer in
the sun, was, during the week, 115 deg. 6 min., and the mean
of seven observations. 80 deg. ; the lowest point on the glass
was, during the week, 12 deg. 2 min., and the mean of seven
observations, 36 deg. 3 min. The mean of 72 differences be-
tween the dew-point temperature and the air temperature was
5 deg. 4 min. ; the mean of the greatest on each day, 12 deg.,
and that on the lowest, 9 deg. The average difference between
the mean temperature of the quarter, and those of the mean
temperature of the same quarter, on an average of 25 years,
was 1 deg. 1 min. less.
The greatest pressure of the wind during the quarter was
121 b. the square foot, and the mean for the week 51b. The
mean amount of horizontal movement of the air in each week
was 956 miles ; the extremes were 1,705 and 345 miles. The
mean amount of cloud was 6.4 ; the highest, 8.8 ; and the
lowest, 3.1. The fall of rain during the quarter was 4.80 inches.
We quote the following general remarks from the report of
the Registrar-General:—
" Small-pox has prevailed epidemically in many districts;
and the mortality from that disease has been considerable
among children unprotected by vaccination. Several persons,
said to have been previously vaccinated, and one who had been
inoculated, also died of small-pox. In many districts no
deaths from small-pox occurred ; in others, the disease was
introduced by migratory labourers, ill provided, probably, with
household comforts and cam venienees. The neglect of vaccina-
tion is adverted to by several registrars. The registrar of Lei-
cester says, ' I have registered 50 deaths by small-pox from
January 1 to June 30, 1845 ; only one of the 50 per-
sons had been vaccinated, and that was a doubtful case.
The registrar of Heaton Norris, Stockport, mentions that
• in one family, three infants, two sisters and a brother, all
died of small-pox in the short space of 11 days.' Small-pox,'
observes the reg.strar of Great Marlow, • has appeared in
part of my district. I find, on inquiry, that a vast number
of parents have not availed themselves of vaccination,
although perfectly aware that it can be done free of expense.'
The number of deaths (143) in the north sub-district of Yar-
mouth is much above the average, in consequence of the pre-
valence of the small-pox, which has proved fatal in 62 cases.
Of this number 61 died without previous vaccination. One
case only is recorded in which vaccination is said to have been
performed, a midwife was the operator, and the patient was
attended by an old woman. The child was two months old.
Measles and scarlatina have been epidemic in several districts.
" The 11,267 deaths in the metropolis are near the average
of the season, if we allow for the increase of the population.
The weekly deaths fell progressively in the quarter from 884
to 756, as the teml erature rose. The deaths from small-poe.
were 246, less by 235 than were registered in the previous
quarter, but 102 above the average of the June quarter for five
previous years. 104 women died from childbirth in the me-
tropolis within three months.
" The following are the districts in which the mortality was
above the average of five June quarters :—West, north-east,
and south districts of the metropolis; Winchester, Northamp-
ton, Colchester, Ipswich, Yarmoth, Dorchester, Plymouth,
Kidderminster, Dudley, Wolverhampton, Birmingham, Leices-
ter, West. Derby (adjoining Liverpool), Blackburn. Rochdale,
Chorlton, Ashton, Bradford, Leeds, Merthyr-Tydvil, Holy.
well, and Anglesey.
" The following are, on the other hand, the districts in which
the mortality was below the average of five June quarters :--
Central distinct of the metropolis, Devizes, Redruth, Penzance„
Bristol, Hereford, Shrewsbury, Macclesfield, Liverpoels Pres-
ton, Bury, Wigan, Prescott, Sunderland, Tynemouth, .New.
castle-en-Tyne, Kendal, Wrexham. "
The mean temperature at Greenwich was 51 deg. 9 mine*
which is I deg. 1 min. below the average of the season. The
north and north-east winds prevailing, the temperature of the
whole month of May was below the average, but the wind
turning south-west, the temperature of June rose above the
average of the month. The fall of rain was nearly five inches
deg. 80 min.) At Derby more than eight inches of rein
fell in the same time."

'FRE NEW 1411IE1. ACT.—'this Act, to amend the
6th and 7th Victoria, c. 96, has just been printed. It contains
only two provisions, By the first it is declared that in cases of
actions for libel in Ireland, where the defendant shall plead
matters allowed by the 3d and 4th Wm. IV., c. 42, and pay
money into Court, such payment shall be of the same Ofeeq:s
if required by the said Act. The second clause is it?
a.l"
lowing words :—" And be it declared and enacted,wt,h
whether
in not be competent to any defendant in such action,o t haetttb..
in England or Ireland, to file any such plea
owtftti
byt hof
same time making a payment of money into C
:net way
pe
t everyshall be deemed"
filed, amends
wi I ahsuprovided e
nbtyotfhe
moneysa d tetto;
Court,
a
nullity, and may be treated as such by the plaintiff in the
action."
PRESENTATION or PLATE TO DAVID SALOMON%
FSQ- —A deputation of gentlemen, consisting of ',Messrs. S. S.
Hall, James Thompson, J. Wales, B. Standring, S. Saul, J.
K:lby, Joseph I-aacs, and others, waited upon Mr. David
Salomons on Friday, for the purpose of presenting to him a
piece of plate as a testinony of their esntiaetedemstreffoeornrtfhhoefrs a csh
iho
ema
rr
some
cta
nti
me ri
time
and
gownforofh ils,ocr:insodkuecnt (,I,u,arridng the
Threeciednattecoi
finished, but it, presentation was delayed until " the Jewish
ef
tlholameditr,rieneceived the ro3al assent, the Committee
ei
issosuußseil .01 oi
D iitsnhagbtihal inet
exetrhtieonpsrobceyetdhinegpsao,sfintgheoflattheeeßleicltlionto bwei
relieve their Jewish fellow-subjects from the doubts which hung
over their rights to be admitted to municipal offices. The
plate consists of a triple-sided pedestal or plinth, with bright
panels, supported on three massive scroll feet. From the
angles of the above are placed three most beautifully moulded
female figures. These figures are in dead silver, bearing a
flower basket of most exquisite woi kmanship in filagree, edged
ith a vine foliage. Upon one of the panels are engraved the
arms of the City of London, upon another the arms of Mr.
Salomons, and upon the third is the inscription.
A " DEAF ,T ROR.—RATIJER GREEN.—In the
Nisi Prius Court, at Bridgewater, on Tuesday last, a juror
appeared in the witness box, and claimed exemption on the
ground of deafness. Mr. Baran Platt, in a very subdued tone
of voice, interrogated the deaf 'un. " How long have you been
deaf ?" inquired he judge. The juror unhesitatingly answered
' " Two years." The judge, in a much less audible tone," How
was
your
deafness caused?" Juror (without evincing the least
difficulty in hearing)—" I caught a severe cold." Judge (in
a voice almost reduced to a whisper)—" Don't you thin your
deafness is cured ?"—" No, my Lord," answered the unsuspect•
ing juryman. " Clh,youlll do very well, air," replied his Lord , •
ship, amidst roars of laughter.