The Sun.
London, England, 1828-04-23 00:00:00

Thompson, from the Amicable Society of Tobacco Pipe-
makers; and by Mr. W. Harvey, from the nine Friendly
Societies of Harwich, Colchester, &c.—Referred to the
Committee on the Bill.
Mr. HENRY MAXWELL presented a number of
Petitions from the Protestant Inhabitants of Cavan against
any further concessions to the Roman Catholics ;* and Mr.
BOYD l'etitiOns from the Ronian Catholic :inhabitants of
Bantry and two other parishes in the county of Cork,:
praying for Emancipation.
Petitions were presented by Mr. P. Thompson from,the
merchants and traders of Dover, against the importation of
foreign barley; by Mr. Benett, from the farmers, &c. in
the neighbourhood of Salisbury, Devizes, Warminster, and
Marlborough (signed by 1,400 persons, and possessed of
property to the amount of a million per annum), for the
protection' of agriculture; by Lord Althorp,
,from James
Surry, of Battersea, praying that foreign corn might be
allowed to be ground for exportation ;. by Mr. Calcraft,
from the farmers and land-ownets of Shaftesbury, for agri-
cultural protection ; by Sir W. Ingilby, to a similar effect,
from a variety of places in Lancashire ; by Mr. Heathcote,
to a similar effect. from the county of Lincoln ; by Mr.
Wilson, to a similar effect, from Whitby and other' places
in Yorkshire; by Sir E. Knatchbull, to a similar effect,
from Dartford and other places in Kent, &c.
Mr. WARBURTON presented four .petitions for the
removal of impediments to the cultivation of the Science of
Anatomy, from the' Physicians, Surgeons, and Members of
the Medical Society of Gay's Hospital; *the Medical So-
ciety of Edinburgh ; the Medical Society of Westminster ;
and Mr... Knight, a surgeon at Liverpool. ' The Hon.
Gentleman observed, that in the absence of an Hon. Friend
of his,_ he would not, that evening, press his motion for a
Select Committee to inquire into the manner of obtaining
subjects for the Schools of Anatomy, and into the State of
the Law affecting the same.
Mr. JOHN SMITH presented a similar petition from
the Lecturers and Students of the Webb-street School of
Anatomy and Medicine.
Mr. MOORE presented a Petition from the Master
and Wardens of the Corporation of Merchants, and ano-
ther from the Corporation of Smiths in Dublin, complain!.
Mg of the power exercised by the Roman Catholic ARM-
elation in Ireland.
Mr. MOORE presented a petition from the Master and
WarJens'of the Corporation of Merchants, and another
from ti.,e Corporation of Smiths in Dublin, praying that
the law by which damages were given by counties in Ire-
land for losses sustained at riots might be extended to cities
and corporate towns.
Mr. C. BARCLAY moved for leave to bring in a Bill
*to give the magistrates of the county of Galway a concur-
xent jurisdietion with the magistrates of the town and
.counts of Galway.
COUNTY OF CHESTER. _

Mr. WILBRAiIAM rose, he said, to bring forward a
motion, which was'not of a pertial nature, as it involved
the general principles of the administration of justice. The
county of Chestesehad been deprived of the institution of
.a Jury fur • seven or eight .hundred years, merely because
William the Conqueror had thought proper to grant it as
a County Palatine to one of his adherents. The constitu-
tion of the Court of Justice of the county bad been con -
firmed by 34th Henry VIII., which constituted the Courts
Assise throughout Wales. The county of Chester,
therefore, lay under peculiar disadvantages. It was de-
pe:ved•ot a Jury; the Judge was obliged to dispose of the
crimsnal calendar before he could try the civil-cases ; and,
however well that. may have been adapted to the business
of the esinotY in former times, it was no longer con-
venient in the present state of its commercial import-
ance. The resent system was. PgpenAive, and it was
known that the ;edges of Chester were always. appointed
from political. ntotiwes. Whilst Sir William Garrote was
Member .of that House and Attorney-General he held
the oboe of Judge of Chester, the three positions being
totally inconsistent. with the Constitution, and with the
principles of jurisprudence. The appointment had been
generally considered as an insult tipog the county. The
elilefJtisticeship of Chester was a mere (ping-atone to
Anther offices, and this alone would. render the. 'existing
system higlsly objectionable, The Hon. Member conclu-
ded. by moving, "That a humble Address be presented to
his Majesty, praying that instructions might be given to
the Commissioners appointed under the Great Seal to in -
.quire into the Defects -a the Courts of Law, to direct their
early attention to the State of theMcniiistration of Justice
in the County Palatine of Chester, with reference to 'the!
Amendment Iliereof." • • •
Mr:-.8.. LESTER seconded the motion. • , -
Mr. PEEL apprehended that the Hon. Metnberewho,
secosuled the motion did not underitand its object. Hay-
iag thus got rid of the-Hen. Seconder,The should have eas
little diffimlty in disposing of 'the original motion. The
Hon. Member bad moved, that the subject should be re-
ferred std the consideration of the Coeaesissioners appointed
under the Great Seal to inquire into the defects of the
Courts of Law. Now, he only begged leave o remind
the Hon. Gentleman, that; no such Commission texisited,
she motion for its appointment, made by the Hon. and
Learned Member for Winchelsee, being withdrawn, or in
abeyance. The Welalt Courts had certainly not been
within his (Mr. Peers) contemplation ; but he had no ob..‘
jection that they should be included in his forreteMotion
on the subject of the superior Courts, and the Court
ut
Chester would also fairly come within the same range ;
nor had lie any reason for not wishing that it should be
inquired into, both as regarded the progress and expense
of actions.
Mr. DAVENPORT spoke in faiourOf the motion.
Mr. WILBRAHAM expressed himself satisfied with
what fallen from the Right Nan. Gentleman.
ANATOMICAL SCIENCE.
Mr, WARBURTON thought that the allegations
brought before the House by the petitions which had been
addresseel to them on the subject, Might be very 'shortie
reduced. In the first place, the petitioners complained
that they were not able to obtain a coMpeterst knowledge
of anatomy under the existing laws ; and that, ueverthe-
ess, they were -lialt:.e to actions for dasiages from patient's
for mistaken treatment:- ; and that they were also, in the
cale of trials for murder, 4ce. called upon to give file most
minute and accurate evidence, in order that the minds of
the Jury might be satisfied. Now, without detaiisiog the
House to enter into the state of the provinces, he would
content himself with informingthem, that in London alone
the number of pupils were between Nix and seven hun-
dred ; in addition to which there were 2,;0 driven to
Paris, and 300 to Dublin, to study anatomy, on account
of the cheapness, not to mention those who studied in the
German and Flemish schools. If matters were left to
find their own level, he thought that be put the average
very low, when he said that there would he always 1000
areatomieal students in London, the PUPA,
.of subjects
to
,xIIOUI must at least be 2000. Now, what was the supple 1
authorized by the law at present? it was merely the bodies
of those executed for murder, and that, for the whole
county of Middlesex, did not amount to mars than He-in
seven years. He did not intend to suggest remedies to
the House; but if the Committee should be granted, lie
would rather prefee leaving the remedies to professional
gentlemen. A great de el was said and'; bought of the pre-
judices of the lower orcikrs, but he was not sure that they
were not estimated too highly; et least, hehad lately been
told by a scientific gentleman, that having occasion to lec-
ture to a body of mechanics on the soft parts in the lei. ;
man frame—(A laugh)'--he represented to them that it 1
would be bnpossible for him to do so withoet having a sub-
ject before them. So far from any objection being made
to this, it was unanimously agreed to; and on the .e'ity ap-
pointed, 1,200-mechanics met, and the subject, with tie
face covered over, WaS introduced to them. With the ex.
caption of one or two, who bad delicate 4...onachs end were
obliged to withdraw—(A hogb),—the rest I,etened to the
lecture with the most profound attention ; and t'se second
lecturer, *heal, after pursued the subject further. Thelion.
tlentleman concluded by moving, " That a Select Com-
mi-ttee be appointed, to inquire into the &Isomer of obtain-
ing :Subjects for the Schools of Anatomy, and into the
State tef the Law with respect to persons employed in ph-
taining aod dissecting dead Bodies."
Mr. J. seconded the Resolution.
Mr. PEEL. could not but think that a strong case was
made out, }ant. at, the same time he was anxious that ezery
attention should be isaid to the prejudices of the lower
classes; for though the higher orders looked upon such us
prejudices, yet it could not be denied that they were feel-
ings connected with. the heart, and, ae such, flings that
he should be very sorry to see outraged. With respect to
the members of the medical Professien, it had been kis
good Mamie to have held in the course of his life a very
extended intercourse with them; awe on
The strength of
that intercourse, be said that it was impassible to titan} in
any profession' men of more enlightened views-of Ewe
disinterested benevolence—or men who were more ready
to afford the assistance of their scientific knowledge eeeti,„
who stand in need of it, without any view eoeseui,awo
personal aggrandizement. (Hear.) He felt that heves
not speaking too warmly on the subject, urlAen he said that
the profession was an honour to human nature.--(Hear,
hear, hear.) But in spite of all this, lie still said, that,
unless the question was conducted with great discretion,it
would be rather retarded than forwarded by the present
measure ; nevertheless he was not at all disposed to op-
pose the motion. As to the anecdote which the 11031.
Gentleman had introduced, he, (Mr. Peel);coofessed that
be had been disapPornted.—(A laugh.) He had been in
hopes, that when he mentioned 1,200 mechanics had been
assembled, something better would have come of it than

two or three weak stomachs withdrawing—(A laugh),
and the rest boldly holding out. The question was not
whether mechanics could bear to witne.s a dissection, but
how they would like, undergoing that operation themselves
—(A laugh.) He could assure the House that he should
be one of the last to deny the necessity of an adequate
supply of anatomical subjects ; on the contrary, he thought
it was an absurdity to contend that wax figures, or any
other such resource, would supply their place : for Pf such
a course were pursued, the consequence would be the.
manklmg of live bodies instead of dead ones.—(Hear, hear.)
But it was also objected, that the alteration of the law on
this subject might tend to diminish the horror for the crime
of murder which prevailed in this country; and bethought
that this and other objections might be better discussed in
the Committee, when it should be appointed.
The motion was then agreed to, and the Committee
theseupon nominated.
Mr. FIYNG moved for " Leave to bring in a Bill to
Repeal so much of the Law as requires the county to re-
pair one, hundred yards of the Road from the foot o' each
county bridge."—Leave given.
ADJOURNMENT.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER moved
that the House at its rising should adjourn to Thuesday
next.—Ordered.

. CORN LAWS.
On the motion by Mr. CHARLES GRANT that the
SPEAKER should leave the Chair, and the House resolve
itself into a Committee en the Corn Laws Act•,

Mr. PORTMAN regretted to say, that he observed
there'was little reason to congratulate the agriculturist on
the prospects held out to them of protection from the com-
petition of foreign corn in the supply of the British market.
The proposed regulations of this year were lets favourable
than those of the preceding year, expressly for this rem=
—that they did not afford positive protection. He took,
as a point already on all hands conceded, that 60s. per
quarter. of wheat was the.price or point at which protec-
tion ought to begin to be extended to the agriculturist.
The price of corn was liable to perpetual fluctuation in
consequence of the quantities of that article which might
be brought into the country for the purposes of trade, and
the facilities afforded by that principle of hostility to all
prohibition, which was adopted into tie policy of Great
Britain, and appeared to be growing stinger and stronger
every day in all the branches of commerce. It was ob-
vious that all the corn imported for the purposes of trade, '
above what was required for the use of the country, must
reduce the price of that commodity. When by this means
it was reduced to the foreign level, it became exceedingly
difficult to raise it up to that amount which was neces-
sary to remunerate the agriculturist. In fact, it could
only find its proper level by a- progressive adjustment of '
the supply to the demand, which in the case of corn was all
but impossible. The price was not affected in the corn trade
in the same waists in any otheearticle ; for, besides that must
necessarily depend , on the comparative produce of different
years and of different countries, the number of consumers was
always greater, and the demand at all times more impera-
tive. Having shown that corn could not be regulated like
other commodities, he would next proceed to show what
amount of protection.lie thought was required to meet the
peculiar circumstances and condition of the growers in
this country. He agreed fully in opinion with those who
maintained that every fair concession should be made to the
consumers, and that if possible the Legislature should not
meddle with the subject above 60s. It would appear from
reference to the last seven years, that the average price was
from 53e. to b4s. Under the present system he wished
that some. point could be taken below 605., at which some
certain duty shOuld take place. The plan, however, which
he would be most desirous to see adopted was that of which
the foundation was laid by the resolution of the House of
Commons last year. The present Ministers were most of
them parties to that measure, and he hoped that the dis-
cussion which the subject had undergone elsewhere did riN,t
wholly disincline them from taking the average at 58s.
The returns before, the House would show that corn could
be imported lower than they had taken it according to the
present scale of duty. . If the resolutions proposed by the
Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Grant) were those by which
his Majesty's Illinisters were determined to abide, lie hoped
that the House would support him in a proposition for
the subject altogether to that day six months,
as he conceived that a Bill founded upon those resolutions
would he most injurious to the landed interests.
Mr. BYNG was anxious to declare to the Right Hun.
Gentleman who had brought forward the resolutions, that
wilateise,r satisfaction lie might suppose to exist with re-
gard to his measure, the agriculturists would have been
still more satisfied with the measure of last year. They
required more protection when the averages were from 525.
to 5Ss. than when they were from 625. to 6,1.5. In fact,
they wanted no protection from 625. to 645.
Mr, I..,IDDELL agreed in some respects with the
Hon. Member for Dorsetshire, at the same time that he
could not agree with the Hon. Gentleman who spoke last,
in preferring the measure of last year to that which was
now before the House. But willing a;,, lie was to support
the present Bill, he did not approve of taking the protege
tion a.t. a lower ratio than in the last year. They had ad-
ditional experie4c,e now to guide them, and that experience
he thought would show mat foreign wheatcould be brought
into this country at a lower price 44mt they had assumed,
and endeavoured to support by their averages, He knew
iiitaself from an authority which, if he chose to name it,
would stoalmand the respect of the House, that foreign
wheat could are and had been, brought into this country
in the course of the lac year as low as 245. the quar-
ter. If 80s. were added' to that it would not amount
to a prohibition. The whole amount 'would then be
541., inauding duty, which was. lower than sBs., tl.ie
lowest average contemplated in the scale of duties.
Mr. BENETT put a rtti.estion to the Ministers across the
table, which was not audible in th!.... gallery.
Mr. GRANT agreed with those Who titc,4,Thp that the
pretiew subject was one which called for a greater latitude
of dismal.= ;11 the Committee than it was usual to indulge
when public msaNurcP ,lnul arrived at that stage. Upon
tbat understanding he was sleaketts to act, and therefore he
was anxious that they should go i.OtO . Committee as soon
as possaible, without at-all wishing to preiitsde the most
general discussion, of the various questions involved: ' ifile .
Hon. Gentleman who had opened the subject had expres-
sed an opinion that 555, zi.a an inadequate protection, and
that those who supported tbe Reastare of last year could
have no objection to take 58s. or Rome Pais t. below 605.,
as one at whleJs. a certain duty should attach. ' 'But the
Hon. Gentleman, wisest lie alluded to the measure of last
year, was bound to take the whole and not au insulated
part; yid if he did so, lie would ti'isad that in the same
Bill it was also taken above 60s. He would allow that
there Was great difficulty in ascertaining the price, pa
the exact amount of the foreign corn which came to market.
—That commodity was liable, like all othera, to'finc-
taaations from various causes,—the seasons, tkp means of
transposta bad teir effect ; but above all, the slats A. 7
which the Corn 47:4e had been placed during the last 30
years operated to produke AO aggravate fluctuations to an
extrat which bad defiance to catc,ul.4ion.—(Hear, hear.)
~-There was the gigantic scale both of prig and of pro-
tectiO4 Thich existed during the war, and dint rexe.tiv
Act of I iN attbsequent to the war, and tending, perhaps,'
rnsre than any o*.iFc.euse to confound inquiry and keep
the prices in a perpetutri st4±l,..cf uncertainty.. - But though
be admitted, it was true, that Ow/
,could not come to an
exact opinion as to the price or quantity a he article,
they we; e ;set altogether without means of arriving At.,
averages upon ealkis
,it was. competent for them to legis-
late.
The real question la-as, svliether the scale as now pro-
posed was such as to afford i'tuftcieaat protection to the
agekalturist ; for lie would admit to the fil=aia,aliNe Gen-
tleman 'that tisa agriculturist ought to be protected, aott thy;; ,
the ground upotiwbieh the present as well as all the former
measures proceeded was, ,that such protection should he
afforded. The best way to dete,-,4ne this question was, to
look at the prices as they appeared its 4se gapers, upon
whisk in the sense he had already stated, reiran- csa could
be placed. ',The Hen. Gentleman had quoted the authority i
of Mr. Canning for stating that 30s. would operate as a
prohibition ; but the fact. was, that if, as in the present Bill,
: they had
,a varying duty, they could not say at any point
that there existed an actual prohibition. ;asides, the ar-
•
t'leextcolusts j.i.: fe
measurely
citeto
e..threonfi present ea Sspet nr
yitceeam:reo. a a uf .
tutheee, !
igtvultneagnetqduaidilynoatppalpict
, held it; ,his hand accennt
foreign Corn 41,41 ported during the last s;:t or seven years,
and he thought the House would say that they juatibed
the scale Which Ministers had talteu: He sYtoold notice
a few of them in the present instance. On refeiring!
to the importations from Dantaic in 1827, he found l
that the peiee at Dantzic was 225. The charges of
;itle-
conveyance were flt+te4 at 10s., which made 325. in-
dependently of duty. Theu. i
.tal‘nc,- the duty at 30s. the
mimapnoltltiosainsip,riteheat*w"hiedatbiev'a6s2introrioAneoetil intohe' Hon. Gentle-
this country,
in the course of last year, at 245. ffe (Mr. Giant)
ipelieved that the Honourable pentlerntan alluded to an itn- '
ported= into the port of Hull'. ii,t:t br should like . to
know, in the Cast instance, what the quality of the article
• was, and also whethca; it remained in Warehouse for expor-
tation, or was let into the general market of the country.
But whether or not, the Hon. 'Ociltietnan rnii,t be aware
that a few extreme cases could not be admitted to bear
upon the general argument. Batt to return to the case of
Dantzie, he feared that the average price of the year pre-
ceding that he had already mentioned,
was 2:35, Id., and
of the year preceding that; . 23e. 2d. With 'respect to
Hambingh, of which be also bad the returns, the average

rice of last year was 2Ss. 2d., 30s. duty would make it
585., independently of the charge for carriage. He might
go to Holland, where the price was still dearer ; but look-
ing to Petersburgh, be found_that the price for the same
year was 255. Id., the charges'for transport, were I Is.
which, added to the duty, amounted to near '7os. He
did not mean to deny that bad,;corn might come in at a
lower rate than any he had mentioned, or that under par-
ticular circumstAnces an abatement might appear, but ge-
nerally speaking, the averages would be found to bear
out the scale upon which the Government had proceeded,
as the instances he had produced would indicate to the
House. • •

Mr. lIUSKISSON reminded, the House, that they
were at that moment in the same situation as when his
Right Hon. Friend had moved that they should resolve
themselves into a Committee. In fact, there was no
ques-
tion before the House. If it was their desire to come at
the question, they must agree to the Committee,—a pro-
position which no one could negative who was not pre-
pared to say that the subject of the Corn Laws reqnired no
discussion. An Hon. Gentleman had asked whether it
was the intention of Government to adhere to the resolu-
tions of his Right Hon. Friend, and stated his determina-
tion to oppose the Speaker's leaving the Chair, in case
they were so determined. But that was not the way to
deal with a great question. His Right Hon. Friend had
declined giving any answer, and he was right. What they
were now to decide upon was, whether they were prepared
to go into the queition of the Corn laws. If so, they would
agree to the motion, and propose any suggestiansihey might
wish in the Committee, where they would be fully answered
and discussed. • •
Mr. CALCRAFT observed, that it was in the recol-
lection of the House, that a plan had been proposed in the
course of last year, by one whose loss they all deplored,
and it was but fair that they should compare it with the
provisions of the present. He did not put the questiOn on
any narrow ground of preference, nor mean to argue it as
a. protection to the Agricultural interest; for it involved the
interest of the whole community. Unless that interest
was consulted,' the question could not be completely or sa-
tisfactorily settled. 'He would agree that the Landed in-
terest ought to be protected, btitnot merely for their own sake
—it was due to them indeed as a part of the communitys-but the principle upon whichit.should be afforded was for
the good of all. It was necessary that it should be pro-
tected, because, with all the ports open, it was impossible
to say how great a supply they might receive from those
vast tracts of country which only wanted encouragement
to pour in their produce to the detriment of our own agri-
culturists. The Bill of last year had the feelings of the
country in its favour, which fixed the pivot price at 605.,
but the present Bill, departing from that precedent, had
fixed it at a lower rate, and upon a principle less Calculated
to operate as a. certain protection. In 1815 we were told
that the average price of corn for several previous years
had varied from '7Bs. to SOs. It was his delight to reflect
that he had foreseen the injurious tendency of the Bill then
introduced into Parliament, and that he had opposed it to
the utmost of his ability. We were then told in 1822,
that in consequence of the peace, and of the reduction of
taxation consequent on the peace, and of certain other
causes into which it was unnecessary to enter at present,
that '7os. was the proper average price as calculated upon
the prices during the years intervening between 1815 and
1822 ; and we were next told in 1827, that 60s. was the
proper average'price, as calculated upon the prices during
the years intervening between 1822 and 182'i. Now, if we
took into our consideration the price of coin during the last
year, we should find that the proper average price was
somewhat lower than 600. Why then, he would ask,
should we jump all at once, and without any express rea-
son, to an average price above 60s. ? Was it gracious to
the people? Nay, was it gracious to that large majority
of the House of Commons, which in the last year had
affirmed a lower price, in compliance with the wishes of
his Majesty's Ministers, many of whom were still filling
the same places in the Cabinet which they then occupied ?
Without any reason whatever—for he would do the Right
Hon. Gentleman opposite the justice to state, that he had
had the modesty not even to attempt to give a reason for
the altered resolution which he had this year proposed to
the House—without any reason whatever the Right Hon.
Gentleman jumped above the price on which Mr. Canning
had Axed in the Bill of last year. To that part of the
present resolution he must object on the grounds which he
had before stated. With respect to what had fallen from
his Hon. Friend (the Member for Dorsetshire), lie would
observe that he fully agreed with him in. thinking that
these resolutions gave you no protection where you were
most vulnerable, and incumbered you with an insupport-
able weight of armour where you wanted no protection.
From 40e. to btas. we were worse off than we were be-
fore ; and that was exactly the point at which the people
at large did not feel any inconvenience. You thus had
corn let in, when the people did not want it ; but when it
rose above that price, and its dearness began to inconve-
nience them, you threw every possible obstacle in the way
of its importation. For his own part, he did net pretend
to understand the policy of this measure ; but he knew
well enough the manner in which it had originated. We
all knew that well enough, though we did not always say
all that we knew about it.—(A was sorry to
oppose any measure of the Duke of Wellington's Admi-
nistration—he wished to give it his support, if possible;
and if he now opposed it upon this measure, it was be-
cause he found it necessary to support his own consistency
on this great and important question, It was only natural
for the Duke of Wellington to say that 645. was the pro-
per average price, for he had said so only last year ; and
though it might be convenient for those who held seats in
the Cabinet to compromise their former opinions on this
sujees iu otdfr to retain them, why should he, who
no spo in the Cabinet, imitate their example ?
There was also another realen why that stint ,bad been
fixed upon, which pleased him all little as that to which
I:ie had just alluded. Ministers had said, that the pre-
sent was Op rat likely arrangement to get the new Corn
Bill passed into a law ;)s, tier other .House of Parliament.
He was sorry to say that he had beard a great. deal too
much of this compromising language. It was only the
other day that he was told, in a Committee up stairs, that
there was a certain Noble Lord in the other House who
14sisted ;41 haying a certain clause inserted -in a Bill then
under examination; 4-4tl the lisisise jyas now told, that
unless they shaped their Corn Bill in such sad'_ such a man.
ner, they would not have the slightest chance of getting it
through the other House of Parliament. He should be
eerr7 if they did not get it through the Lords; but sorry
though he miap he, he should prefer acting on his own
sense of .right to entering iflto x truckling compromise
of principle with the other bialich of the isegisla-
tura. It would, indeed, be matter of ,regret to him, if,
whep tae Commons of England were seeking to obtain a
CheaP supply of Crud for the population at large, the other
'louse of Parliament would no; acc_edff to that which
appeared to' thou to be only right and equitable. If, how-1
gs/0, such should be the disposition and conduct of the',
Hotise Oftorrii, tlse Commons of England• must, for them-
selves, for their character, and for the respect which the
other House of Parliament and the people' at large ought
to entertain for them, adhere to what they deemed right,
and perseyere in maintaining the principles which they had
formerly upheik lie was opposed to these resolutions on
two points, which hi hisi spud to the House : the
first was, that they strengthened the irsiriStiltrirdi interest
where it wanted no additional strength ; and the second,
that they left it open to injury in the very quarter inwhich
it was4l94 eTposed. The Right Hon. Gentleman oppo-
site had told them that pulmd7 could object to the Speaker's
leaving the chair on the prkent oeettainn, ezapt tbOsc
who were anxious that the corn laws'should 'remain as
they now were. He would state at once that he was not
'ne of tiuve Erho wished the corn laws to remain in their
present state. A snore, 'aeicise4 a;l4, detestable system of
law had never been devised on any subject in any, country'
under the sun; and he thanked Providence that we had
escaped so well as we had done from the mischief which it
• Vail so well calculated to produce. A state of prohibition
at one tinle to a famine price, and-then a permission fbr
coin to come' into ffie"connttylif unlimited finapities from
any part of the world, and to interfere with'our agrient;
ture, let the promise of the next harvest be as plentiful as
it might ! He congratulated himself most cordially upon
,
having altyap orosed this system; and if there wits any
part of hie :political life wirion gave 14m gertissilar plea-
sure in the retrospect; he must'say that it wai Ili constant
and steady opposition to the c'orn, laws.
Mr. ROBINSON had heard with unmixed satisfaction
the Manly irPeecir of his' lion: Friend, the Member for
Wareham. As be lihru;eli eriferiainild'setitirnents similar
to those so well expresed• by his Hon. Friend, be had been
induced to give notice) that he would, in the course of
these discussions, afford the House an opportunity of di-
viding upon the resolutions proposed by Mr. Canning last
year. Ile hoped that his Hop. Friend, the Member for
Wareham, who was so much more coropFten; t 4 e4ll'
teals, would spare an lii;fithle and fnexperientsedlWeilibet
like himself the inconvenience of being compelled to submit
so grave and important a question to the House ; and he
further hoped that his Hon. Friend would take it up hitn-
self, and tvotrld bring it forward with his usual ability.
Mr.' CALbRAFir.--i 'ain extremely nattered by the
kindness of my' Hoit. Friend the Members for Worcester,
and I now promise both him and the House, that 1 will',
at the proper season, move • the question which my Hon.
Friend stated that he had intended to have brought before
the House.

Mr. STANLEY concurred' entirely with his Hon

Friend, the Member for \Varehaur, that there was very
great convenience gained by taking a discussion on this sub-
ject on the question that the Speaker do now leave the
Chair. The present was an admirable opportunity for
obtaining, in a desultory yet satisfactory mode of discussion,
the opinions of different parts of the country, as expressed
by their different representatives, on the different plans
which might be suggested—fer comparing the amendments
which might be proposed upon the„.resolutions which were
then before the House—for approximating them to each
other—and for bringing the discussion into greater order than
it was likely to obtain under any other mode of proceeding.
He had as yet learned nothing in explanation of the reasons
why the House of Commons was, in the present Session
' of Parliament, to recede frein the path which it had chalked
out for itself in the last. There might be reasons of policy
and expediency,—and he did not mean to blame any per-
sons for adopting them,—why gentlemen, holding respon-
sible situations in the Cabinet, might make concessions to
their colleagues on points of national importance; but
those reasons were no grounds for the House of Commons,
nor for individual Members who were bound by no ties,
except those of conscience and equity,' to alter the vote
to which they had deliberately come id the last Session' of
Parliaixiently a large majority —(Heir.)—He had heard
much in the course of the Session, not only of the expe-
diency of Hon. and Right Hon..-Gentlemen yielding up
their opinions to their. colleagues, but also of the House of
Commons yielding up its deliberite vote 'in 'the .other.
House of Parliament. • - The argument might be-Very good
for official personages, but ought to-have no weight with a
British House ofCommons.—( Hear. )—The House of Com-
mons ought to send every measure up to the House of
.Lords in • the shape which it deemed would be most ad-
vantageous to the interests of those whom it represented:
it was for the House sof Lords to suggest any amendments
which it deemed expedient upon such a measure ; and
then it was for the House of Commons to decide whether
they useuld deviate from the strict line .on which they had
first proceeded, in order to pass a particular measure, ratlike
than none at all, upon any particular subject. That,The
apprehended, was the constitutional course for the House
of Commons to adopt, and that was the course which he
himself intended to pursue upon the present occasion.
Without entering into the detail of the points in Which
the resolutions of this year differ from those of the last,
he would proceed to hazard one or two remarks on the
principle upon, which the Bill professed to be founded.
There were many Gentlemen, both in the House and
out of the House, who were of opinion that it would
be more 'for the , interest of the agriculturist that there
should be . one . price fixed under Which foreign coin
should always ,he . the .agriculturist
should take the advantage of good . and bad times, like
dealers in every other kind of produce,.and that he should
only be subject, to the inconvenience ;of the home-market,
Jeavingthat to he corrected by .the foreign market, as oc-
casion might require. But if he. as not entirely mistaken
in the view. which .he had taken of this subject, the great
point in it was. to secure the corn market from all excessive
fluctuations, and that was the very point in which the pre-
sent Bill was, notoriously deficient.—(Hear, hear.) He
was sorry to. use, such a word, for he. had a, great respect
for the Right Hon. Gentlemen wholiad framed this Bill—
he was sorry, he said to use such a word, but he must, ne-
vertheless, designate this Bill by the-title of a disingenuous
Bill,, He meet say, that when it was held out tolhe agri-
cultural interest.as a premium on the .Rill which:had been
proposed last year, it was the most palpable fallaq'ever at-
tempted 'to, be palmed upon a. House of. Commons:--
(Hear, hear.) True it was, that at .a certain price it af-
forded greater protection to the agriculturalinterest ; but
it was exactly at that price to which corn bad never arrived
in the last year, and to which lie did .not expect that it
would ever arrive again, He was desirous,that corn should
be had at a low rate; but he was stillsnore desirous that it
should be had at a fixed and definite rate, and thatirshould
not be exposed to those rapid fluctuations which were
equally ruinous to the consumer and the producer.--=
(Hear.) Up to 585., there was lees protection for the
agricultural interest under the Bill of this year, than there
was under the Bill of last ; and so far it was favourable to
those who stickled for low prices, The great fault, how-
ever, of the present Bill was, that you had prohibition when
you did not want it, and protection when you needed it
least; for it gave you protection under high, and with-
drew it under low prices,—(Hear, hear.) The Bill
of last year..eppeared to him to proceed upon a con-
sistent and intelligible principle ; the Bill of this
year proceeded on no other than an ad captandum
principle, seeking to conciliate one side by the offer
of low, and the other by the offer of high 'prices,
and making them both liable to the danger of fluc-
tuating prices.—(Hear, hear.)—On these principles,
without entering further into the details of the measures
for which he owned his incompetency, he should feel it to
be his duty to support the motion whfch the Hon. Member
for Worcester had proclaimed his intention to submit at
some future opportunity to the House. If the Hon. Mem-
ber should bring it forward as an amendment on the pre-
sent Bill, he should certainly support those resolutions
which Mr, Panning had proposed in the last Session of
Parliament, and which were then carried almost, he might
say, by acclareatien.-4lmmense cries of " Hear," and
" No," from different parts of the House.)--,-He Would as-
sert that the resolutions of Mr. Canning were carried by'a
large, he might even say an overwhelming majority .of the
[louse of Commons. The sense of the House of Commons
was expressed most 'decidedly in favour if Mr. Canning's
Bill. He had as yet heard of no just ground for departing
from it. • It was considered to be founded on a clear and
intelligible principle, on which, though it might not be sa-
tisfactory in every respect to all parties, all parties could at
least meet without collision. There were not, however,
any two parties wbo could meet on this Bill, and say that
there was .a price settled in it, in the propriety of which
they both coecereed..,,(flear.),-The Hon. Member for
Dorsetshire had expressed his desire to support the Bill of
last year, as far as it extended to the low scale of
He (Mr. Stanley) hoped that the agricultural interest
would agree with the view which liceand his friends had
taken. of this part of the question, and would consent to ad.
mit both the ascending and descending scale of duties fixed
by Mr. Canning.-,--(Hear, hear.)
Sir E. KNATCHBULL, felt it necessary to offer a few
words to the House, in consequence of what had Niels
from the Hon. MeMber NVIIO hdd just sat down. He had
heard many of his observation with surprise ; but nothing
astounded him more than the Hon. Member's assertion,—
or, perhaps, he should rather say insinuation,—that there
had been a compromise of principle upon, this subject
among the members of the Cabinet. He had no knowledge
that one part of the Cabinet had made concessions to the
other-L-he could not imagine that any such concessions had
been made. There was also another point in the Hon.*
Member's speech, which he hail likewise heard for the first
time that evening. The Hon. Member had said that OA
measure was brought forward by the Government in its
present shape, in erder to ensure its success in the other
House of Parliament. He could not believe that the Go-
vernment would compromise its principles to conciliate
either House of Parliament.'

Mr. STANLEY said that such a statement had been
made by the President `of the Board of Trade, in proposing
the present- resolutions to the House.
Sir E. KNATCHBULL was not present when the reso-
lutions were proposed: and: therefore had nor heard- the
epee .11 of Right Hon. Gentleman. As the Right Hon.
Gentleman had made such a statement, he would join in
bestoWing the same reprobation upop it which it had already
received from the Hon. Member for Preston. ' Another
point in the sneech of the Hon. Member for Preston, to
which he feltildinielf called 'upon to refer,' was, the mode
in which he said that the awn Bill of last Session was
carried. Ile had heard with th'e'utirioSt asionisbnient the
peert'on, that the Bill was carried in the HOuse of Connrions
i!ty LK demotion. Din the lion. Members who cheered that
assertion recollect that the Hon. Member for Dorsetshire
proposed last year an amendment similar to the present Re-
solutions, and that it was 'Supported by no less than 170
Members ?--(Hear:) He contended, that had it not been-
for tli ,monstrous 11 d unnatural coelition which then took'
place;* theinajOrity would have been the other Way; and
therefore it was that he was so much surprised at hearing
that the measure of last year had met with nddisapproba-
don. He would ask, Gentlemen to recollect what had been
the effect of it cut of doors. For his own part, he had never
Inerraily person, connected, with the agricultural interest
who hid e'l.:nressed 'a 'Wish tti iiippOrt it.' He belii;Ved
that: his Majesty'i "Ministers were felly jUitifieti in
retaking the addition which they bad dcinp to the
scale cif duties,--,(l4ear, bear..) Whet had been the avowed
object of, Mr. Canning in legislating as he had done
upon this subject? To make the price of corn oscillate in
future, such was his own expression7-between 555. and
60s. Now, the price of corn (hiring the last year had
been only 545. ; and it was the knowledgo. of that' fact
that led fi4 Sop port adititinna; 'duties
which bad been proposed,must! how; yeti own tliat
there were other points upon which the arguments of the
Right Hon. President of the Board of Trade bad carried
no conviction to his mind. But was that a reason why he
shotild oppose the Speaker's leaving the chair ?. Certainly
not. Cie.Olonid not offer any further observations at pre
sent to the House. but when it had resolved itself into it
COmmittee, he would 'take 'an opportunity of explaining
his ideas en that part of the resolutions to which he could
not give his support.
Mr. FERGUSSON did not see how any Member could
object to the Speaker's leaving the chair, unless satisfied

with the present state of the Corn Laws. When the Bill
of last year was under discussion, he had voted in favour
of the proposition made by the Honourable Member for
Dorsetshire for fixing the price at 645. ; and he was of
opinion that a large majority of the agricultural interest was
of opinion,that that price was not toe high for the beginning
.of the ascending_ and descending' scale. *He must con-
fess that if the resolutions now on the table were to
be adopted in tot°, he should be reluctant to give them
his support; but he would give his support to discuss-
ing them in Committee, if the price were to be fixed at
625. There was the same duty by the Bill of this year at
66.5., as there had beeri .by the Bill of last year at62B:-.....
That being the case, he was willing to adopt the resolutiltui
which fixed the price at the same point as that at which
the Honourable- Member for Dorsetshire had fixed it by his
amendment oflast Session; but he should object to theM
when, that part of .them came under consideration which
took away protection when it was most wanted, and- in-
flicted prohibition when qnite unnecessary. With respect
to the other questions incidentally touched on in the course
of the. discussion, he would observe that •if the averages 1
were to be struck from the price of corn in- the three
kingdoms, he should certainly object to such a proceed.:
ing. He must also express his disapprobation 'of
,the
measure which ,Government had declared its intention to
adopt with respect to barley and oats.--(Cries of
" Question," which drowned the remainder of the Hon.
Member's obsetvations.)
Mr. PEEL objected to the continuance of this disci's-
s:on, because he could not see what useful end it could
answer.—(Hear, .hear.)--Why should Gentlemen object
with suet; 'pertinacity to the Speaker's leaving, the chair ?
The resolutions proposed by the Honourable Members
for Bridgenorth and for Aberdeen had not .yet been re-
' ported to the House, and the only place in which they
Could be proposed was the Committee. The single ground
on which the Hon.iember opposite objected to the Speaker's
leaving the Chair, *as, that he intended to propose for the
acceptance of the House the resolutions which it approved
last year: Now, besides those resolutions, there were
others which Hon. Gentlemen severally thought deserving
of consideration. Why then should they not go at once
into the Committee, and submit them to a regular and sa-
tisfactory disscussiOn? Tic, knew that, abstractedly speak-
ing; it was wrong to raise any speculation upon the even-
tual opinion of the other Muse of Parliament,—it was so
undoubtedly, as to a question of privilege, where the two
branches of the legislature might be Said to exercise a jea-
lous and independent control ; but the case was different
when they came to consider a measure involving the gene-
ral rights and interests of the country, amitwhere un-
doubtedly an adherence to the separate opinions expressed
by each would induce one branch to adhere to the price of
60,1., and the other to cling the opinin which itsad
already declared.—lt was right, however, to reconcile in
matters of business conflicting opinions,' when it could
be done with consistency ; and this practical 'course
had been followed on the present' occasion, when a
measure was introduced which, under all the circum-
stances of the case, lie thought was perfectly fair for all
parties. The chief recommendation of last year's measure'
was, that it regulated a limited supply, and operated upon
600,000 quarters of corn then
,in the warehouses.
The experiment had so far suceeded, and he had no doubt
that in the progress of the present scale, general satisfac-
' tion would equally mark its effect upon the community at
large. The better way to have a fair understanding upon
the subject would be to go into the Committee : it was
past eleven o'clock, and no, further time ought to be lost
in considering the real merits of the case. - -
Lord ALTHORP had no wish to impede their progress
into thCCommittee, where he knew the.discussion upon
the clauses could more conveniently take place. At the
same time, this preliminary discussion had not been use-
less,.and it clearly showed him that the Bill of last year was
preferable to the present. •
Mr. EASTHOPE inquired how this Bill could be
deemed conclusive, when the Right Hon. Gentleman
(Mr. Grant) who proposed the resolutions, insinuated that
the attempt.was an experiment to compromise the respec-
tive interests, of landlord and tenant.

Mr. C. GRANT had never sail that the legislature
meant to.temporize on this subject. They wished, on the
contrary, to make a permanent arrangement, as far as the
opinions and interests of the- parties ena.bled them to
proceed.
After a few words from Mr. Duxcomnr, the /louse
resolved itself into a Committee upon the -Tesolutio us re-
specting the Corn Laws.

On the question being put by the CHAIRMAN upon Mr.
C. Grant's scale of duties,
Mr. HEATHCOTE rose and said, that as it was his
anxious wish to see the proposed scale lowered, he wished
the Committee. to report progress, and come to the debate
at an earlier hour of the evening,—it was now near mid-
night,

Mr. HUSKISSON thought, that after the preliminary
discussion which had taken place, and the three weeks'
notice already given, the bulk of the Qunmittee were pre-
pared to discuss the question without further delay, though
the Hen. Member might not be in a similar condition. So
serious a subject ought therefore to be proceeded upon
without further loss of time.—(Hear.)
Mr. HEATHCOTE admitted the subject to.be serious,
but when he looked at the clock, he did not think the
House could reasonably entertain it with the deliberation
it required.—(Cry of ".Go on.") .
.Mr. HOBHOUSE really thought, that before they went
on, the Government were bound to show how they could,
reconcile the present measure with that which Mr. Can.
ning had last year introduced.
.Mr. CALCRAFT was ready to go into the discussion,
even though the hour was so late ; at the same time he
must regret the way in which they had spent three or four
hoUrs of the earlier part of the evening. He thought it
was incumbent upon the Government to explain why they
had departed from their resolutions of the last year. For
the purpose of Wringing the, two scales of duty into fair and
full consideration, he would introduce, in the shape'of an
amendment' to the Fesent motion, the rates fixed in the
proceeding.of laat year. The Hon. Member then moved
as an amendment the adoption of Mr. Canning's scale of
resolutions of the last year.
Mr. ROBINSON seconded the amendment.

11Ir. .1. BENpTT was placed in rather a difficult situa-
tion at ~this moment. While he preferred the Bill of last
year to the awkward measure of. this year, which conferred
protection where it was not wanted, and gave no protec-
tion where it was required, he Was of opinion that the Bill
of last Session stood in need of some amendment, and it
was his ( Mr. Benett's) intention to propose an amendment
of it. Should he, however, now vote for the motion of
the Honourable Member for Wareham, he should in fact
be voting against his own proposition.—(Cries of " No,
no,') hilt were understood that he should be at liberty
hereafter to propose the, amendment of which he had
spoken, he should in
,that case support the pro-
position of the Honourable Member for Wareham. - it
was asserted that this was a.a.casure which would prove
palatable to all interests in the- empire. • The truth was,
the measure was not.os_ yet understood in the country. If
a little. more, time were given, perhaps then it might he
come intelligible. The difference between the scale of the
.:
measure of last year and that of this year appeared when
corn was at.64s. frnm s,ils. to 645. there was no differ-
better calculated to pm.
ence, but after
,64.5. the ascending scale of duty was higher
in the present measure than in that proposed last Session.
The Bill of last year was far preferable as a protection to
upon
the agricultural interests to the present measure. At a
"future opportunity he would propose an amendment of that
Right Hcm.. Oemlernan opposite (Mr.
tßecilti4th‘Ap'
Scr gAzkimLlTis inquired what were the grounds
fluskissbn) adopted the present measure, in preference to
that which he had supported and recommended in the last
Session? - . - -
Which-would rilerndtehritc:‘ltiniltry,

Mr. 11USKISSON said,, his Majesty's Ministers bad
been placed in rather a difficult diltnAao.4l this °erasion.
No sooner had the tipp.se fctnied itself into a Committee
and tile Chairman taken his place,
.than.up got an Hon.
Member, who moved :hat they should report progress, and
ask leave to sit again. That certainly was not the way to
discuss this measure. Seeing that several Gentlemen, op,•
posite had propositions to make N.*conanaitte'e; lie (Mr.
Huskiss9) Ivan anxious to ppltOolio.what he had to say
until heitadheard the Y4ii9Rs. objections of those Hon.
NentherswhO, by. the why, seemed each to take a different
view of the question... The Hon. Member for Wareham,
following ,that consistent and open course which he-usually
adopted, had already moved an amendment upon the resoL.
lutions .proposed to the House. Th.:: Hon. lgeniber for
'Wiltshire. had stated hie 4..tention to poPo4e itn'imendrnent
upon the resolutions', el' laat' year.' 'Unties; these circwn,
. .
stances; 'he 'Huskisson)
eafioui objections
.which tientlomen had to urge to the'
re-'
solntions before Sim committee, . before he (Mr. HuskissonY
should state his reasons for supporting .them. ,
Howeve •
as he: had been thus called upon by the. 1d0,p0.4/..0
the debate to state
Baronet, .he was perfectly readY at this sta6 of
he
Should advert to one 'observation which had fallen
from' the' 'HOnourable I\lember for Wareham. 'That
Honoprabje Member lied stated that, by the present
sure, the pivot is the scale of duty had been changed from
ficis. to 645., and this he objected to as a great change
from the measure of last year. He (Mr. Huskisson)
would maintain that the pivot had not been changed at all
in the present measure. If he understood what lie meant j
rerovhwa,
Bi"floeosir°: ti6lidhesr, the

tai,l

by the pivot, it was that point in the scale at which on one
side the duty ascended, and. on the other descended---it
, wasthe level where the ascending and descending duties
met. The pivot in the Bill last year was fixed at 60s.
the Winchester, and 625. the imperial measure. In the pre'
~
sent Bill, the same level was taken, and at 625. the imperial
i and at 60s. the Winchester measure-the scale aseende°
on the one side,, and descended en the other. The differ
' once between the two Bills arose.not as to the pivot fixed
upon as affording a sufficient protection to British evict''-
, tore, bYthe imposition of a certain duty when the price
of corn ascended above , that point, and diminishing die
duty when the price fell below it ; the-point agreed to last
year by Parliament as affording a sufficient protection to
I British
.agriculture, was still preserved, but the question
now was, whether the scale which bed been last Year
adapted' to that point afforded a sufficient protection. '. In
the statement made by his (Mr. Huskisson's) lamentel
Friend last year, he wished, to give an efficient' pritectigo..,
to the British corn grower up to 60s. the Winchester, On .
625. the imperial measure. With that view, his lamented
Friend prepared' 'a scale of duties, which remained SW
tionary between 60s. and 64a, the Winchester measure,
and 625. and 665. the imperial measure, and which were
increased or diminished as the price of corn rose or fell
above this standard.. The scale then proposed was censhierf"
adequate for the purpose. The question now before the House
was not to change the price at which that scale was fixed, but
-whether the protection thereby afforded a sufficient protec-
tion to the British corn-grower. In deciding that question, ,
they should look at what happened since the Bill of lo I t
year. They would find that a quantity of corn, amount' I
ing to 500,000 quarters, had been admitted into the mar'
ket. Without adverting even to the circumstances 'under
which this core. had been admitted; whea they found thag
such a quantity as' 500,000 quarters had been admitted in
one.month, it must appear evident to them that the scale,
of duties proposed in the Bill of last year did not afforo
a sufficient protection to the agricultural. interests's-in filet,
that protection which was contemplated by the Bill of.lo,
Canning on the last occasion when his (Mr. Hualtissou'N
lamented friend addressed the House upon this subject PI
Session, the last time, he believed, that his voice was heard
there, where it had been always heard with so much re-
spect. On that occasion, when introducing the,tempolol
Bill; after the intended permanent measure had been Virall
out in the other House of Parliainent, he distinctly statP
that it was a measure to be tried by the fest of experieuga"
and that in the. next Session they;WOuld be. ensisled49,
judge, from the working Of it, whether it was calculetaa
to afford the desired protection
.to theigriculturel in'
terest. To' the duties imposed by that Bill he (Mr.
• Huskisson) would apply the test of experience, and if lit
found that the importation of foreign corn was pot.suffici9
ently.cheeked by them, he was at liberty to support a urea"
sure which went to alter that scale of duties.-,--(Heargo'
He acted upon, the suggestion, of his ' Right Hon. a,
laMented Friend, and taking experience as his guide, he
felt himself bound to support an amendment of the Bald
last Session. The principle Of. Lord Liverpool and dot
laid down by his. Right Hon. Friend last Session was, that
up to 60s. there should .he a sufficient protection; toe
British corn-grower--that 'between .fiOs. and 454,,g*5..
Winchester measure, foreign- corn ought to be admitted
The principle, then, with regard to the scale of duties, w$
so to arrange it that a sufficient check should, be impost'
upon the importation of foreign corn, until the price of coot
rose to 60s. per Winchester measure ; that between 60'f
and 655. its importation should be allowed, but subject to
such a check as would prevent it from coming in such
quantities as to materially affect the market; and whet'
the price rose to 655., the object of the plan was to iv*
pose duties sufficient to prevent foreign corn from being
imported in overwhelming quantities. Now, on re",
ferring to what occurred last year, they would fiat
that 500,000 quarters of wheat were in werehotlf
when the Bill of last Session passed.
.In consequeofe
of an early and au abundant harveit; the price
of Corn fell ; and this so affected bonders of foreign Coo*
that they were anxious to pay the .dtity:,then, lest theY
should have still a higher duty to pay. _ Accordingly, the,
quantity of fiireign Corn which he had.already mentionea
was taken out of bond ; and it was evident that, under .t 0
Bill of laSt Session; a similar influx of foreign Corn might
oecur, so as td oppress the British corn-grower. The orio
object, then, 'of the Government was to remedy that defog
in the Bill of last year, and to afford a sufficient protection
when the price of Corn was from 60s. to 65,„ That
object, they conceived, would be effected by adding 4s. in
the duty proposed last year when the price of Corn should
be at 62n. Other corresponding changes had been taste
in the ascending and descending scale of duties, which 6r
peered to them as calculated to remedy the defects of the,
Bill of last year. The Hee. Wernher Set Wareham seesaaa
to think that the duties did not afford sufficient protection.
when the price of Corn was low, but he (Mr. Huskisson)
could not help expressing his surprise that the Hon.
Member for Preston should characterise the conduct of 00
GovernMent on this subject as ditingenuouS. The BO
Member had advanced the chuge upon the ground that the
proposed resolutions did not eliforAprotection where it-We
wanted, but where it was, not' wanted,-namely, when tht
priees of Corn Were high. ,
• Mr. STANLEY-I meant as compared with the Bill
of last year. ' .
Mr. HUSKISSON would beg the lion. Member's
attention fora mement. The duties when corn was be'
tween 58s. and 595. Were as high as intended in the last
Bill.
Mr. STANLEY' said the Hon. Member had selected the
nearest 'point of approximation between the two Bills.
Mr: HUSKISSON said that when corn was be'
tween 58s. and 595. the protecting price, on foreign ear*
was equal to a- prohibitory duty. When corn was 58s•
and up to 595., the intended duty would amount to 28s. Bd.
Did the Hon. Member imagine that foreign coin would be
imported under that duty when corn was at 58s. ? fie
(Mr. Huskisson) would be glad to know from what part
of the world it would come. Notwithstanding the cir-
cumstances which, during the last year, tended to encistk*
rage the importation. of foreign corn, yet when the erica
was at 585., the duty under the Bill 9f last Session pre-
vented, though it did not altogether exclude, the imports' 1
tion of foreign corn. Notwithstanding the fell in the
price of corn, and the alarm thus created in the minds
of the holders of foreign corn, when the duty was at
28s. Bd., wbat was thefearful quantity of foreign corn '
taken out 'of bond ? 277 quarters only ; when the duty waa
at 305., 426 quarters were taken out; when at 325., /06
quarters were taken out; when at 341. 101 quarters;
when at 365., 53 quarters ; at 385., 61 quarters were
taken out; and when the duty was at 40.1., four quarters
were taken out in one week, 52 bit another, 20 in. auother,
And two iii another, altogether about 1,000, eoarters were
taken out during an entire (porter of a-year., A great
portion of these dribblings--for such a ,trifling quantity,deserved such' aq epithet-was ordered to be sold out bY
the foreign merchants even at a loss; as it would not pay
for the rent of the warehouses. It was plain, then, that'
the duty of 28s. Bd., when corn was from 59.9. to, 5910.,.
amounted nearly to' a prohibition duty. Last autumns
indeed, when' the holders of foreign corn became alarmed,
by the fall in price, about 500,000 quarters were:taken-
Government had, therefore, made out from the experience
of last- year,-from the repcirta received from. /wig'
countries, and from the exidence takea, before the kJ olio°
of Lords, that, by the imposition Qf a duty of 283. Stir
when corn was at 585.; there was no risk of Ally titian.
tity of foreign corn being imported into this country.
At should he recollected that the, importer of foreign ergu
would, in addition to' that duty, have to defray the krie;' ,
for which the corn was bought, the price of freiglA and'.
warehousing, and various other chArges. Wfore he could
most open market on til4 rotitieeat was that of Rotterdam.
it..--,(Hear.)-The freest and
Oerraany by canal navigation, and
Iretcrkeeecinhu,eapontha:47Nr:fio: upon,
that of the tiortfi of Europe by steam navigation. Now it
ii 44 VeRnA ascertained, from a comparison of the prices. 04.
' corn there during the last seven years, that. 28s, 841.. dtktY,
when corn here wai.at 58s„ wood ~,,T.,),.d,,,,,,,d,0ate :pro-
tection to the British corn-grower. He (Mr. Huskisson)
hail applied
the.t•tt 9.f. experience to the two scales, that of
last year n.d. Vle, present one, 'and he preferred • that bow
i„.(moed. 'The scale under the present Bill watt,calculatea
to ;Word a better protection to the agricultntist. ' Though
he, as well as others, had agreed to the measure of last years
he could not think it a safe one to, continue, as it 114,(71.°4°
proved adequate for the intended, object. ge reyeatsd, that
he supported the; evnt Bill, becauai it woukl of a more
ffi ecient Fetectien. When the price of corn was from 604. -
to 655., under the proppeed duty, the importation of.
Oreig,n
Corn would he checked. ' When the price. as oboe>
Os.'the corn from our colonies would come in free ;. "it
when the prices were higher, the duties would operate to
prevent the importation of an overwhelming quantity of
foreign coma, The Hotutor,*e. Gentleman opposite had
*spoken in: favonr of e Axed duty. Abstractedly, *bat
might lO.O. . well enough ; but when they legeasha
the circornstances of the country and the: wants °lt ihe people,: they would see the imposaility of adopting:
such a principle. If a high fixed permanent duty woo'
Unpaged, then, in periods of scarcity, the poor would be
exposed to sufferings and miseries, the iniiiction of which
no claims for protection on the part of the home corn" .
grower could ever justify.-(llear.)--_,F,or the advantage*,
then, which the grower foregoes when corn is high, by
the admission of foreign grain, lie receives compensatiois
by the imposition of a high rate of duties when corn Js
at a low price. He receives in fact only that remune-
ration to which he is justly entitled. When legislating

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ie minds
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