The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-10 00:00:00

The recent premature demonstration in Italy by the de.
vo!ed advocates of popular institutions, adds another mourn-
ful tablet to the melancholy records which, of late years, have
accumulated in what we must rather designate as the tomb
than the temple of Italian freedom. New victims to the
noble cause of renovating the political and domestic institu-
tions of that magnificent country have already expiated, at
various points within the legation of Ravenna, their generous
but ill-matured attempt to induce the Pontifical
Government to grant to remonstrance and appeal
that which it has . been heretofore attempted to
extort by physical force. Others are, we fear, reserved for
the usual mercies manifested by the POPE for political pri-
s )ners who have been declared guilty, by his arbitrary Com-
mis•ions, of treason to the Papal authority, by reason of such
overt acts as having landed on the shores of Romagna; or
reached, without passports or other authority, some port in
the Adriatic; or been living in seclusion and misery among
the fastnesses of Calabria. It is remarkable that on t his last oc-
casion, although the champions of " Young Italy" had so far
succeeded as to seize and disarm the municipal authOrities and
executive of Rimini, and to retain that town for some days in
military. possession ; and although, as there seems good reason
t believe, they had previously organised a contemporaneous
mwement at Faenza, Imola, and even Bologna itself, they
dech:red by manifesto and proclamation, that it was not their
intention in the event of their success to displace the Roman
Government, but merely to secure the concession and estab-
lishment of such rights on its subjects as might for the
future protect them from the recurrence of the griev-
tnc,s, the exactions, and oppressions that the people
inhabiting the States of the Church with so much reason
corn phi in of. After making in Rimini and
elsewhere a really formidable impression, the insurgents
dispersed and fled—some to the Appe lines, others to the
sea. They were hotly pursued by combined bodies of the
Papal Ca rabineers, the Swiss corps, and the mounted Custom-
hou,e efficers. Though much alarm seems still to have
existed at the date of the last accounts, we should doubt
meek whether the movement may not be regarded, for the
present, as def'eated.

The intelligence, however, must be looked upon in every
respect as highly important. It reveals some facts from
which the friends of the established order of things under
the Porn's Government, and the friends of the regeneration
of Italy, are equally interested in drawing alesson of instruc-
tive experi:nce. The fLainer may be assured, on considering
the protnp'itude, boldness, and extensive organisation of the
affair at Rimini, that the principles which set it in motion
have a vitality and energy which will speedily manifest
thenvelVe3 under some new combinations. The stand which the
insurgents made in retaining their position for the period that
they he-hl iP, mey teach the Pontifical Councils that so long as
they i:lately refuse to modify the tyrannical institutions
which the Sovereign PONTIFF has introduced throughout his
dominions, s, long will new physical resourcesbe brought
in aid of the moral force of popular opinion, and the complaints
of the oppressed. The POPE can scarcely be p infatuated as
to him iise that the Gothic rigour, and uncouth but despotic
mu likely of his Government can much longer co-exist
wi:h the general advance and improvement of political in
stitutions and public rights in all the other States of Europe.
In the meanwhile we hope that the party of Young Italy—a
party whose generous purposes and patriotic devotion com-
mand our warmest sympathy and most sincere respect—wilt
pret I,y the recollections of this last disaster. Who leads them
in Fiance ? Who is really their trusted head, their general
director in England ? We are deeply- impressed by some
inchlental remarks in the French newspapers on the notoriety
which the intentions of the insurgents had acquired on the
same &y, probably the same hcur, in Paris and at
Mars_illes. Their plan of operations, their purposes,
were ac!'ually discussed, in the public coffee-houses; and
in Italy itself their intentions. seem to have been for
two or three days previous to the seizure of Rimini known
thz. Papal authorities at various places. This knowledge
would appear to have been so easily obtained, that one is
tern;:t,-;(1 to doubt whethei it was not rather communicated
to, thln acquired by, those authorities. In every previous
demonstration that has been made by the active and valiant
partizans of Young Italy their gallant efforts seem to have
been neutralised by some as yet unexplained bungling, some
inveterate mismanagement, on the 'part of Young Italy's
sunding counsel—whoever they may be, wherever they reside.
The enterprise, spitit, and almost romantic intrepidity of the
one have been thwarted, damped, and check-mated by the
incapable presumption of the other. The stirring champions
of Liu, cause have vindicated their courage, and, to some ex-
tent, their conduct in these operations in Romagna, al-
though they have for the present eventuated in failure.
but the latent wades, whose questionable inspiration, and
Very don'tafel truth, inspire their movements, seem to be
earning only new titles tr the incredulity and repudiation of
all the feeeign friends of Italian regeneration. We
them-o uledm.
tf.in hope, but we have sad misgivings to
rary, that new BANDEIRAS, that other 3 oung and
high-souled sons of Italy, may not be destined to testify
with their blood against the unrelenting tyranny of the
Papal Government; and the impracticablef and hopeless im-
bnility—if it be not somethingworse
dared all,
un ter whi,se suggestions or instructions they
sacrificzd their own lives, and ruined the fortunes of their
ht uses. Alas! for " Young Italy."

The progress of the new Reformation in Germany far ex-
ceeds the most sanguine expectation, and promises to confer
the greatest blessings on the Catholic population of that ex-
tensive country. The pastor RONGE is looked upon with a
jealous eye by the Sovereigns of Austria and Prussia, and by
Kin6s in general, " perplexed with the fears of change," but
the people -enter heartily into the cause. The modern