The Sun.
London, England, 1845-04-10 00:00:00

THE €I73N, LONDs:WI THrRSDAY MORNING, APRIL lo; 11‘41.

PRIN TERSt- PENSION SOCIETY.
The eighteenth anniversary of this Instituti II was cele-
brated on Tuesday evening, at the London Tavern, Bishops-
gate-street. Upwards of 100 gentlemen assembled on the
occasion, and the chair was occupied by Mr. D'lsra • i, M.P.,
who was supported by Sheriffs Sidney. and Hunter, and se-
veral other influential gentlemen. Aftersustice had been done
to a dinner served in Bathe and Breach's best style,
The Carmstsust proposed the usual loyal toasts, which
were duly responded-to ;as was also " Success and Prosperity
to the Worshipful Company of Stationers."
Mr. SHACKELL responded to the toast.
Mr. D'lsisAEta then, in giving the toast of the evening,
said he relied with confidence on the kind feeling of the
company, although he might, in doing so, well be daunted
on looking over the list of royal, noble, and celebrated per-
sonages who had presided at former anniversaries of this
Institution. He was, however, in some degree sustained in
attempting to discharge the duties which he was about to do,
but which be knew he could but imperfectly perform—first,
by their evinced kindness ; and, secondly, by the fact that
although he might be deficient in the attributes of a chair-
man upon so important and interesting an occasion, and
be neither a royal, noble, or celebrated person, yet that he
was at least one of themselves.—(Applause.) He wanted to
call their attention for a moment, and, if possible, to interest
their feelings on behalf of a charity that was founded for
the children of labour—an institution which, although its
origin was humble, its achievements had been considerable ;
but not so ample as could be desired. He was anxious, not
merely to induce them to support so valuable an institution,
but to extend its benefits. They were aware, no doubt, of
the general objects which the society attempted to attain.
At this moment he believed it granted 50 pensions to those
whose energies were decreased by age or by infirmity. Those
pensions were essentially of an auxiliary nature ; it was not
intended to support him whose energies had entirely failed,
but to assist. That so much had been done by persons who
were themselves struggling for existence, was in the highest
degree laudable; but if they examined the statistics of the
question, he thought there was no one present who would
not be struck with the immense benefits which the energies
of the printers' friends had produced. The number of jour-
neymen printers in the metropolis could, he thought, scarcely
be calculated under 5,000, and if they took only one per cent.
on that number, they would find the exact number of pensions
would be produced which at that moment they were paying.
—(Hear.) Now in every charity and in every institution in
this country, there never was an average contemplated less
than two per cent. ' • three per cent. had been the basis upon
which all charities had been calculated.—(Hear.) He hoped
he might induce them, that evening, not only to increase the
basis of the purpose for which they had assembled, but to
increase that feeling which, duly cultivated and carefully
nurtured, would accomplish an object such as he had indi-
cated. He hoped that they would eventually afford assist-
ance to at least double the number to that which now it did.
—(Applause.) He ventured to advocate not only the main-
tenance of the institution, but its expansion. When
he remembered the eminent personages who, for a series of
years, had advoeated the interests of the society, and called
upon them to support it, he thought it would be useless to
follow in their footsteps, and he would therefore go beyond
his predecessors, and call upon the company, not only to
sustain the institution, but to extend its advantages; and
they would be surprised, if they carefully examined the
subject, to find what immense benefits could be achieved from
comparatively slight means.—(Applause.) Let them sup-
pose the number of pensions at present granted doubled—
' that the number of pensioners was 100. Let them take the
same ratio of per centage, and suppose 10 of those pensions
not auxiliary, but absolute—that is, given to persons whose
energies had altogether ceased. If, then, they were to fix
the amount of pensions at 25/. per year, and to the remaining
90 they gave, to the males 15/. a year, and to the females 10/.
a year; if they were, in fact, to raise a munificent and ample
charity, they would not require more than 500/. a year in
addition to their present means.—(Hear.) He could not
understand why there should be any difficulty in attaining
this result. Adding that sum to the income which they at
present possessed, it would make about 1,400/. a year, which
was not a greater amount than he had known to have been
received by other societies at their annual festivals.—(Hear.)
There was no class of labour in the metropolis that was more
entitled to metropolitsn support than that of journeymen
printers. London owed everything to its press; it owed as
much to its press as it did to its being the seat of govern-
ment and the seat of law. He regretted to say there always
appeared to be a great lack of sympathy in this country in
any charity connected with its literature. In every other
trade there was more esprit du corps than in the realms of
literature, if, indeed, they could call that a kingdom which
was a perpetual scene of civil war.—(Hear, hear.) The
fact was, that from alpha to omega there had been a perfect
want of sympathy amongst all persons connected with lite-
rature. No matter what they were—from the most suc-
cessful authors to the humblest persons connected with the
press—although the gradations were nnmerous, the hierarchy
was entire. They originated in one principle—they existed
by the same means—and, did they understand it, were con-
nected by indivisible interests.—(Applause.) But, unfortu-
nately, it had ever been the case that authors, editors, re-
porters, and printers, had never exhibited among themselves
that esprit du corps that was shown by the members of every
other body of men. Jealousy and distrust had always inter-
vened, and the time had now arrived when they ought to
make a great effort to put a stop to those unfortunate differ-
ences. To him there was nothing more surprising than that
there should be an uncommon want of confidence amongst
men who were in possession of the greatest power in the
world.—(llear.) thAtenburgh, the inventor of printiug,
though he might have imagined the great influence which
his discovery might acquire, could never have thought that
its followers should, amongst all classes of the community
have been the least respected and the most in want.—(Hear.)
It was true the master printers had recently given their aid to
the institution, and that they had done so with very great
effect—(Applause)—but there were others immediately con-
nected with the craft who had not taken that prominent part
they ought to have done. Where weretbe authors of England
was a question which he dare not ask ; if he did, echo would
answer, " Where ?"—(Laughter.) Where were the authors
whose books sold? Absent.—(Laughter.) Where were
those whose books did not sell? Still further away.—(Re-
newed laughter.) Why, they would not be heard of even in
the immortality of the pastry-cooks, if it were not for the
printers of England.—(increased laughter.) They had many
other clients to whom they could also appeal—the authoresses
of England for instance. lie knew of many ladies who had
exhibited great ability in writing upon various subjects, not
even omitting sermons, to be sold at bazaars, in aid of chari-
ties, and yet few of them were found to come forward to sup-
port the decayed of that class which was mainly instrumental
in placing their literary efforts before the public.—(Hear, and
laughter.) After a few other observations with respect to
the object of the charity, the Chairman proposed " Success
and Prosperity to the Printers' Pension Society."
The toast having been drunk with loud applause,
Mr. Sheriff HUNTER gave "The health of the Chairman,"
which was briefly responded te.
The subscriptions were then announced, and amounted to
upwards of 4001.
" The Press," " The healths of the Sheriffs," and other
toasts were subsequently proposed and responded to, and the
company separated.

COPPER MINERS OF ENGLAND
The annual Court of the Governor and Company of Copper
Miners in England, established by royal charter in the reign
of Queen Elizabeth, was held yesterday at the Company's
offices, in Old Broad-street, City; Mr. James Alston, Go-
verner of the Company, in the chair.
The minutes of the last meeting having been read over and
confirmed,
The GOVERNOR read a speech which had been prepared by
the Board of Directors, and from which it appeared that the
operations of the Company since the last year had proceeded
in a manner well calculated to afford great satisfaction to its
Proprietary. The coal trade had not only recovered from
its late depressed state, but was in a most healthy
condition, and by the proposed reduction of the
duty which had hitherto been imposed, its commodity was
likely to still further increase in consumption. The tin-
plate trade had derived a considerable impulse, occasioned no
doubt by the great advance which had taken place in the
consumption of iron. The Company had not yet reached its
maximum "make" of a thousand boxes, but every day
brought them nearer to that point. With reference to the
iron trade, the Company were happy to state that the expec-
tations held out to the Proprietary at their last meeting
were in the course of actual fulfilment, and the
Company were now enabled to produce a vast
quantity of this material to great advantage. The Board
could not allow that opportunity to escape without congra-
tulating the Proprietary upon the projected South Wales
Railway. it would pass through the centre of the Com-
pany's works at Cwm Avon and Port Talbot, and greatly
facilitate the transit of its productions. The operations of the
Company in the past year were as follows :—At Swansea they
had raised 46,476 tons of coal, 21,535 tons of which they had
consumed. In the works they had smelted and refined
1,625 tons of copper. At Cwm Avon
_they had raised
58,188 tons of coal at the old collieries, 54,718 at Oakwood,
and 27,361 at Bryn; making a total of 140,267 tons; of
which they had consumed 96,895 tons, and sold 45,487. The
quantity of iron produced from Cwm Avon and Oakwood fur-
naces had been 8,070 tons. These works had made 42,431
boxes of tin plates, and smelted and refined 2,269 tons of
copper. The Board concluded their address by stating that
the Court of Assistants had resolved upon declaring a divi-
dend at the rate of Si. per cent. per annum upon the paid-up
capital of the Company, payable, free of income-tax, on and
after the 14th inst.
The speech was adopted, and ordered to be printed and
circulated amongst the Proprietors, on the motion of Mr.
GoonnEAler, seconded by Mr. MASON.
Mr. WARP.EN asked whether it would not be advisable
under existing circumstances, to increase their operations in
regard to iron ? It was calculated thet there would be a de-
tleiency of half a million of tons if the present railway projects
were carried out.
The GOVERNOR told the Hon. Proprietor that his suggestio*
had been anticipated by the Directors, who were at present
directing their attention to the point of raising more iron.
Mr. Abel Lewis Gower was then elected Governor, and Mr.
John Nix, Deputy Governor ; and the following gentlemen
were appointed Assistants : Messrs. Alston, Enthoven, Ken-
nard, Lawrie, Little, Logan, Macdonnell, Moorsom, Paull,
Pelly, Ricketts, Ricketts, Vigurs, and Walters.
Thanks were then voted to the late Governor, Deputy
Governor, and Assisnts for their past services on behalf of
._--
the Company, an2.....................thtae Court broke up.
THE OREGON DECLARATION.—" These declarations,"
says the Liverpool Albion of yesterday, " reached Liverpool
shortly after three o'clock on Saturday, anti their effect on
the cotton market was immediately perceptible, activity sud-
denly succeeding to stagnation, and a change of purposes be-
coming instantly evident on the part of both purchasers and
sellers. Throughout the day business had been flat, all par-
ties appearing shy of operations. This apathy quickly dis-
appeared, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, fully
5,000 bales changed hands, and an advance of from id. to
id. per pound was realised. To-day is expected to be a sin-
gular day in the cotton market, the speculators being gene-
rally on the qui rive; while others who are holders evince a
mw
aLing
raeaftra N 1
,C 4
andfl oo
disposition to continue so."
ATGr
tons
Green, at
Tuesday an India-
man
Blackwell in
fromih t h
e
the
presence yard of
of lalelistsrgrse.
body of persons who had assembled to witness the interesting
spectacle. There were a number of individuals on board of
her, and booths were erected on either side of the slip on
which she was built, for the accommodation of the spectators,
among whom were a considerabl:thprtion of the fair sex.
pSrheopritllryatiaefuterhatvwihogo'chleoecnk,
caetmhplieted,
tle
water,
i every necessary
supporters were
eeglidedinto th the
element,
on which
tot the
e cheershe
hereafternoc ke d awayshe i
is
andde she
to become anauxiliary s
tsi
n
fur-
therance of the commerce of the country, amilst
t
of the spectators, and the band of the Royal Marines'
“ Rulewich
was present on the occasion, playing the national air
Britannia." She is named the Alfred, and is a splendid
specimen of the naval architecture
.which constitutes the
elite of our mercantile marine. Immediately after she was
launched she was taken into the East India Docks to be cop-
pered and equipped for service.
SA LE OF RARE PRINTS, &c.—Tuesday was com-
menced, at Messrs. Christie and Manson's, the disposal ci the
rare collection of prints, drawings, pictures, &c., belonging
to the late A. Geddes, Esq., R.A. Many of the rare prints,
although extremely small, fetched as much as six and seven
guineas each.

BANK OF FRANCE.

---
The statement published by the Bank of France contained
the official account of its position and operations for the last
quarter, ending the 25th of March.
From this statement it appears that the specie in the Bank
amounted to 266,290,265 f., and the bills discounted to
94,184,284 f.
The other side of the account shows that the amount of
notes in circulation was 256,317,227 f. ; balance due to the
Treasury in account current, 119,458,411 f. ; and the balances
due on private deposit accounts, 56,771,171 f.
On a comparison of this account with the preceding
quarter, ending the 26th of December last, it appears that
there is : France.
An increase in the amount of specie of
A decrease in the amount of bills under dis-
count of
On the other side of the account there is.—
An increase in the notes in circulation of

6,442,607

A decrease in the Treasury accounts of
An increase in the private deposit ac-
counts of 9,459,542
The private accounts-current,fas specified in the total ope-
rations of the quarter, show an increase in the receipts of
75,883,477 E, as compared with the preceding three months;
the total sums received and paid on these accounts each
amount to about 52,000,000/. sterling. The total advances
on deposits of bullion amount to 14,978,000 f. ; the amount
for the same purpose for the three months ending the 26th of
December was 11,666,500 f. The advances on public securi-
ties were 5,429,000 f., being nearly the same as in the pre-
ceding quarter.
The amount of bills under discount is about 3,650,000/.
The specie held by the Bank of France is about 10,300,0001.,
against an issue of notes of about 9,930,000/. It appears,
therefore, that the amount of specie, as compared with the
circulation of notes, is again on the increase, and, the amount
of bills under discount has suffered a decrease as corn
with the last quarter, of nearly 2,500,000/. sterling.

PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS.
SLAVE TRADE—SLAVE VESSELS.
(House of Commons' Sessional Papers, 1845, No. 73 ;
ordered to be printed February 25.)
(A.) Return showing the total number of African
Negroes, landed for the purposes of Slavery on the
Islands and on the Continent of America, from the year
1815 to the year 1843, both inclusive, distinguishing the
number so landed in each of those years, and also the
number landed in each year on the territory of each
separate State or Power, so far as the same can be made
up from documents in the possession of her Majesty's
Government ; also, Cases adjudged under Slave Trade
Treaties, and number of slaves emancipated in conse-
quence at Sierra Leone, Rio de Janeiro, Havannah,
Surinam, and other places respectively, from the year
1829 to the year 1844. (So much of the return as
relates to cases adjudged under Slave Trade Treaties.)
(B.) Return of the number of Slave Vessels arrived in
the Trans-Atlantic States since 1814 ; their names, de-
scription (as brig, schooner, or ship, &c.) ; masters
names, tonnage, armament, number of crew, nations
flag; whether empty or with slaves (whose numbers are
to be stated) ; the loss by death on the voyage ; from
what part of Africa arrived; the length of passage and
date of arrival, so far as these particulars are known to
her Majesty's Government : also, the number of all
vessels clearing from Trans-Atlantic ports for Africa, and
all vessels clearing from Trans-Atlantic ports or other
ports, and suspected of an intention of engaging in the slave
trade, since 1814 ; their names, description, masters'
names, tonnage, armament, number of crew, national
flag; whether empty or with cargo, and what cargo ; to
what alleged destination, and date of departure.
The first department of Return (A) is entitled
"Cases adjudged under Slave Trade Treaties, and
number of slaves emancipated in consequence at Sierra
Leone, the Havannah, Rio de Janeiro, &c., from 1829 to
1844." It is thus classified : " Cases adjudged (place,
date, number of vessels, number of slaves emancipated,
remarks)." This paper comprises a series of 407 cases, ,
in the vast majority of which sentence of condemnation
passed. The total number of slaves emancipated by the
Mixed Commission Courts, 1829-1843 inclusive, was
57,639. There were two cases only in which prose-
cutions were commenced, but subsequently abandoned
by the captors. 331 of these cases were adjudged at
Sierra Leone ; 43 at Havannah 29 at Rio de Janeiro ;
1 at Hamburgh ; 1 at Cayenne ; 1 at Bremen ; 1 at the
Cape of Good Hope—in all, 408. There were 20 cases
brought before the Courts as to which such Courts
deelsred themselves incompetent to entertain them, for
which no adjudications took place. (B.) This Return of
the number of slave vessels-arrived in the Trans-Atlantic
States, &c., gives a total of 2,313 vessels and 657,187
slaves. Of these vessels it appeared to have been ascer-
tained that there sailed respectively, under the flags of
France, 28 ; Spain, 297 ; Sweden, 2 ; Portugal, 565 ;
Brazil, 80; America, 18; Holland, 2; Russia, 1 ; Buenos
Ayres, 2; Monte Video, 5; liamburgh, 1; Denmark, 2.

SPIRIT of the VIIBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE EVENING PAFr RS OF TRSTERDAt.
G LONE.—The detention and opening of Zeno--; at
the Post office was last night again the subject of an in-
teresting &bate in tne House of Commons. All at-
tempts having failed to obtain redress, through the
medium of Parliament, for the individuals who had com-
plained of the serious infraction of their rights by the in-
terception and opening of their letters, the necessity for
terminating the practice by legislative enactment
becomes the more necessary. Mr. Thomas Duncombe
—whose prudence and perseverance in the manage-
ment of this great controversy with the Government
merits commendation—last night brought the question
before the House, on motion for leave to bring in a Bill
to secure the inviolability of letters passing through the
Post-office. The debate was conducted with singular
calmness and dignity. The acerbity which on former
occasions was painfully perceptible in Sir J. Graham,
and which was, doubtless, caused by the severity of
the animadversions to which his conduct in the trans-
actions had been subjected, was no longer visible. 'Mae
question has!, in a great degree, become divested of the ,
personalities which were mixed up with former discus-
sions ; and the high constitutional principles involved
in the practice sought to be abolished were brought
out with prominence and effect. The debate was
thus rendered both dignified and impressive.
The warrant of the Secretary of State secures indem-
nity to the Post-office authorities against the conse-
quences of detaining and opening the letters of indi-
viduals. The production of the warrant would be
an answer to any action or criminal proceeding insti-
tuted in consequence of detaining and opening any
given letter committed to their charge. But this does
not establish legality to the Secretary of State's
warrant. That point is still questionable. The Chief
Justice of England, from his place in Parliament, has
given it as his opinion, deliberately formed, that a
general warrant issued by the Secretary of State, autho-
rising and directing that the letters addressed to an indi-
vidual specificially named shall be detained and opened
at the Post-office, is an illegal warrant ; and that
a special warrant for the opening of each letter is
necessary to authorise the Post-office authorities to
detain and open the letters of any person in their pas-
sage through the Post-office. While the law of the case
is doubtful, the practice is universally condemned. As
a measure of police— to which the Governments of former
days had recourse under extraordinary circumstances of
peril to the public security, and when the ordinary police
was fur less efficient than it now is—the power claimed
is no longer necessary ; while the extension of informa-
tion, and the jealousy which pervades the public mind
on all questions relating to personal liberty, render the
employment of such a power a source of disquietude and
alarm throughout the community. The removal of the
invidious and odious power which is now claimed
and exercised, would also relieve the Government
from the applications now made to it by the am
bassadors or agents of Foreign States, to intercept
the correspondence of individuals in this country whom
they may suQpect of carrying on a secret correspond-
ence with persons in their territories. The answer to
such applications would be prompt and decisive. Mr.
Duncombe put this point with considerable effect :
" If any minister or agent of a foreign despot should
come slandering and sneaking to their doors, the Go-
vernment would be able to say to him—' This power no
longer exists.' Whatever redress or protection he might
demand, that they would be able and willing to give,
according to the law of England and the law of na-
tions ; but with regard to this species of treachery,
should he solicit it at their hands, they would be able to
say—pointing to the new Act of Parliament-4 Such
power is no longer at our command. "—(Cheers.) Sir
James Graham admitted the odious and justly un-
popular character of the power possessed by the Exe-
cutive, but was not prepared to consent to its
abrogation. The entire tone and tendency of the
Right Hon. Baronet's speech were subdued and con-
ciliatory. It is obvious that though the law remain un-
altered, the practice has received a death-blow. No
Government will again risk an exposure and disgrace so
humiliating as have been caused to the present Ministry
by the detection of the practices to which allusion has
been so often made.
STANDSRI).—The important, but extremely diffi-
cult question raised by Mr. Mackinnon's motion, will
continue to recur in Parliament until it shall be satis-
factorily set at rest by some law for the regula-
tion of interments in cities and large towns. We
can scarcely hope that horrors like those of Spa-
fields can be obviated by prosecutions under the
existing law, when we see the monstrous obstructions
thrown in the way of the prosecution now depend
ing. We cannot help thinking that the first step
to be taken is scarcely a step in legislation,
though it would do more to correct the present
abuse than any law—it is to provide a sufficient
number and extent of decently inclosed free
cemeteries, if not actually in, at least conveniently near
to, the metropolis. The excess once drained off in this
ay, there would be little difficulty in making arrange•
ments fur the existing churchyards and cemeteries ; but
without some such drain as we speak of, we defy the wit
of man to guard by law against abuses.

amount he had legal proceedings instituted againq him,
aA, judgment h,ing taken .-'it, he was thrown into
pri>on, where he lay till the 24th of Deeemb,r list,
when he made application to the Court tor its
protection. He was then opposed by several of the
creditors, and, after an adjourned hearing, he was
ordered to he detained till the present. He now came
up for his discharge. To-day he was again opposed by
two of the creditors, Mr. Malims appearing for Mr. Day
of Bull street, Mai cheater-square, and Mr. Sturgeon
for John Clements, solicitor, of Fenchurch-street.
Mr. Cooke appeared for the insolvent. The objec-
tion urged by Malims was, that the debt
of 741. 10 . owing to Mr. Day, his client, was on an
accommodation bill drawn by the insolvent, and accepted
by a Mr. Rayner on behalf of the former. It came out
in examination that this was not altogether the truth.
and the objection was overruled by the Court. The ob-
jection taken by Mr. Sturgeon was of a similar character,
the Learned Gentleman representing the insolvent
as a person without visible means, raising money when-
ever he could upon accommodation bills, for which, in
some instances, he was in the practice of allowing almo.t
cent. per cent. discount. There were no assets to meet
the debts set forth in the schedule.
Mr. COOKE, on behalf of the insolvent, entered into
a long statement, how the latter had been involved in
some unfortunate trading expedition to India in 1842,
which laid the foundation of his subsequent embarras-
u.ents.
His HoNona did not think the insolvent had acted
from fraudulent intentions, but that he had been exceed.
ingly imprudent. The punishment he bad already re-
ceived he thought sufficient, and he would therefore
grant him his protection from that day.

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE.
NORFOLK ClRCUlT.—Norwich, April 7.
CROWN COURT—(Before Mr. Justice PATTESON.)
THE MURDER AT GREAT YARMOUTH.—Robert Richard
Royal, aged 24 ; James Mapes, aged 24 ; and James Hall,
aged 21, pleaded "Not Guilty" to an indictment charging
them with the wilful murder of Harriet Candler, at Great
Yarmouth, on the 18th of November last.
Mr. O'Malley conducted the case for the prosecution • Mr.
Prendergast defended the prisoners Royal and Hall ; and Mr.
Crouch appeared for Mapes.
Mr. O'MALLEY opened the case, and from his statement,
coupled with the testimony of numerous witnesses, the fol-
lowing circumstantial outline of the facts connected with this
bloody deed might be gathered :
The deceased, Harriet Candler, was an old woman occupy-
ing a portion of a house in Howard-street, Great Yarmouth,
where she carried on a general business, dealing in grocery
and tobacco in the front room, and "keeping" and sleeping in
two others at the back. These rooms, which were all on the

ground floor, are separated from others occupied by a Mr.
Catchpole, in the same house, by a passage, the walls being
of lath and plaster only, through which the elighest noise
could be heard. Mr. Catcbpole, it appears, is a solicitor, and
occupied apartments in these premises as the lodger of a man
named Yarham, who, as well as his wife, acted as his servant.

Not long before her death Mrs. Candler had received a legacy,
which had been long anticipated by her, and had frequently
been talked of by her very unguardedly, and when it did come
she openly mentioned the sum, which she said had fallen far
short of her expectation, its amount being only 1501., which
she had been paid by a cheque for 1001. on a bank, and in
notes and gold, all of which she was undoubtedly well known
by her neighbours to have in her possession Living alone
in her shop, the old lady was in the habit of going regularly
every night, about ten o'clock, for her beer, to the Black
Swan public-house, hard by her house. On the night in
question she went as usual. At two o'clock next morning
police-constables Waller and Johnson were going their
rounds through Howard-street, and, as they passed the
house of the deceased, one of them pushed against the door,
on which it gave way. On entering, they found the shop
and parlour in darkness, but, by the light of their lanterns,
they could see that a candlestick was on the counter, while
on the parlour table stood the unfinished beer and the remains
of a frugal meal, which plainly showed that the old woman
had been disturbed not long after her return from the Black
Swan. Not being able to make any one hear, though
they frequently knocked with their truncheons against
the counter and partitions, they lighted the candle, and on
examining the counter, behind which was the till drawer,
they discovered the body of the deceased, quite cold
and dead, doubled up on the floor in a pool of blood, her
throat being deeply cut on one side, while her head was
almost smashed by blows dealt on the back with some blunt
instrument, as if she had been struck in the act of stooping
to get something trout beneath the counter. On the counter
near the body was a knife covered with lard and blood. As
soon as the sergeant came from the station-house the alarm
was given on all sides, and among other persons the inmates
in Mr. Catchpole's house were roused up, the bell being
answered by Yarham from a window. When he came down,
he, in answer to the inquiries of the police, replied that
he had not heard any noise in Mrs. Candler's house, though
he had been sitting up all night for his master till one
o'clock, and that he had been to buy some rushlights at her
shop that night at ten o'clock, when he saw and conversed
with her, and left her well. Notwithstanding this, the po-
lice very properly searched the adjoining premises, and
though nothing was found to implicate Yarham, he was
taken into custody, as well as the prisoners at the bar,
against whom suspicion was directed in consequence of their
having been seen loitering about the premises on the evening
before the murder and after it during the night. The
strongest circumstance, however, arose from the discovery of
a bag of money, bearing the superscription, "Mrs. Candler,
by rail to Yarmouth," which was found secreted in the
" Denes," a sandy district surrounding Yarmouth, by two
women on the morning after the murder, who, observing that
the sand bad recently been disturbed near a heap of broken
glass, conceived that the latter had been erected as a landmark
to guide the murderers to the recovery of their plunder. They
accordingly dug near the footmarks of two men, which they
particularly noticed at the time, and very soon came to the
bsg and money. While so employed they saw the prisoner
Royal hanging over some palings not far off, and apparently
watching them, and they were soon afterwards joined by
him, when he said, " There ought to be a check too." The
property so singularly recovered was placed in the hands of
the police, and it being stated by a private watchman that
two men resembling Royal and Mapes had been seen going
towards the "Dance," and to stoop down at the identical
spot, those two men were arrested. Nothing, however, came
out to justify their committal, and the parties suspected
were all discharged. On further consideration they were
again taken up, and on the 30th of December the shoes of
Royal and Mapes were examined and pronounced by the
women to make impressions exactly resembling those they
had noticed in the sand. Beyond these vague circumstances
there was nothing whatever to implicate the prisoners in the
commission of the murder except the evidence of the man
Yarham, who about the same time professed his readiness to
make a statement of what he knew ; and ultimately gave the
following evidence :
Samuel Yarham—l am a shoemaker, of Great Yarmouth,
and occupied the premises in which Mr. Catchpole resided.
My wife lived with me. I slept in a room adjoining Mr.
Catchpole's, over Mrs. Candler's parlour. Mr. Catchpole
lived there at the time of the murder. I was sitting up
in my room for Mr. Catchpole, and had prepared some
gruel ; I was in my keeping-room next to the kitchen
down stairs. The keeping-room is separated from the hall
in which the staircase is by a wall. I went out of my house
at a quarter past ten o'clock on the night of the 18th of No
vember, and went to Mrs. Candler's to get two rushlights.
She served me, and I had some conversation with her. My
wife was then down stairs. In a quarter of an hour after
my return my wife went up to bed ; and I went up about
eleven o'clock. I came down again in a few minutes after.
I came into the hall, and then heard a noise in Mrs Cand-
ler's shop ; it was a scuffling noise, as if some people wore
walking about. I went to Mr. Catchpole's front door, and
into the street to Mrs. Candler's front door, which I found
fastened. I tried the door and knocked. No one answered.
I saw a light through the fanlight over the door. There
was something across the window. I saw in at the sides,
and I then went through Mr. Catchpole's house into the
back yard, and saw the reflection of a light through
Mrs. Candler's keeping-room window, which I knocked
at over the wall which separated her premises
from Mr. Catchpole's. No one answered me. I
then came back again through the hall into the
street, and stood on the step of Mr. Catchpole's door. While
I was standing there I saw two men ; one man was crossing
the street, and the other coming out of Mrs. Candler's shop-
door. The man crossing had a bundle under his arm ; the
man coming out of the shop-door put his hand up to put
aside some obstruction to its shutting, and then he put the
door to. A man and a woman were standing near Hou-
chen's-row. It was Royal who was coming out of the
door. I said, " What are you about ?" .He said, "Go on,
Jickey," or Jigger, I don't know which. He said to me,
" B—t you, if you say anything, I'll serve you the same."
I said, "What do you mean ? He said, "We were told
she'd got some money, and we've been after, or have got
it," I can't say which. Whilst I was speaking to him the
man who was crossing went up Houchen's-row, and the man
and woman previously standing there followed. I again spoke
to Royal, who said, " B—t you, if you say anything, I'll
serve you out ;" and asked if I lived there ? He then said,
"I'll give you a sovereign." When he "b—" the I
asked him where was the woman? He said he'd not seen
her. I asked, " Wasn't she at home ?" and he said, "We
knocked her down behind the counter." I said, " Good God !
you've not killed the woman?" and he said," I don't think
we have, but I left her there—don't blow of an old playfellow,
and you shall have a share in the dole." He then followed
the other party up the same row. I then took the candle
which was standing in Mr. Catchpole's hall and went into
the shop. I went behind the counter on the right hand side,
and saw nothing; I then went to the left hand counter, and
saw the body of Mrs. Candler under the counter. I felt very
much alarmed, and went back into our keeping-room, and
considered about it. I remained there two hours, till Mr.
Catchpole came home, which was about half-past one
o'clock. I saw him when he came home, and he went to bed
about half-past one o'clock, and so did I. When I had been
in bed an hour and a half I was awakened by the ringing of
the bell. I looked out of the window, and saw Sergeant
Williments. I have since seen the man who was crossing
the street, and see hint here to-day—it is the prisoner Hall.
Cross-examined by Mr. PRENDERGAST—I first saw Mr.
Catchpole, and gave him a candle to go to bed with. I
had a hammer, and the police found it. It is a shoemaker's
hammer. I did not tell the police anything. I had no ham-
mer, and so I borrowed one of my father when I wanted one.
They found no hammer by itself, but with some other tools.
I'll swear that when I left on the Ist of December the police
found no hammer when they searched my place. Certainly
not on Tuesday. The day after the murder they found no
hammer there. Horn, the policeman, found my tools.
I'll swear that when they found my tools there was a ham-
mer amongst them. I lived in London seven and a half
years. I found my wife in London. She never spoke in
public, nor' did I belong to the Socialists, nor did my wife.
I was in trouble once for stealing books, and had a month for
it. That was thirteen months ago. I was in bed with my
wife when the bell rung, and I was asleep. Mr. Catchpole
had been in about an hour and a-half. It was about half-
past two or three o'clock. I gave no information
to Mr. Catchpole. It was on account of Royal's
intimidation I did not make it known at first. I was
safe when the police came there, and I knew they
had found it out, but having been in trouble I would not
give information. I have no other reason than those I have
stated. I knew Royal was detained in custody on Tuesday.
When I saw the poor woman I did'nt go round the counter.
Her head was leaning over the left shoulder. When the
men went away they left me standing in the street. I no-
ticed the wound by the side of her neck. She was fronting
towards the street. I did notice it was a bloody wound, and
saw the blood. I did not stay long enough to see how
much. I went out, and put the sacking up against the fan-
light, and closed the door. I was present when James Hall
was examined, and heard he was called "Jigger" Hall. It
was not till after I gave information that I saw Hall. I
said nothing about "Jigger." I heard him so called before
the magistrates. It was a fortnight after I bad been exit-
mined, that I spoke of the conversation in which he was
called "Jigger." I should not know the man or the woman
who stood by Houchen's row.
At the close of the case for the prosecution,
Mr. PRENDERGAST rose to address the jury on behalf of
Royal and Hall, and in the course of his address imputed to