The Sun.
London, England, 1817-05-28 00:00:00

Ii It A Z L.

We present our readers with a few fncts respect-
ing the provinces I,t Brazil wltich'are now 'stilted
to be in tapt:n illSlirrection against the Pm tnguese
Government. Pernamboco, or
,Fernambaco, is
chiefly celebrated tor the beauty. of its principal
town, calTeit O inch, (signifying in Portuguese,
'4.oh ! bertittital !") this havitig been the exclama-
tion of the first settlers on their landing. It abounds
in sugar, cotton, and Brazil wood. Rio Grande,
which is to I be notthnf Pernambuco, and lieS chiefly
yin the coast,isio called front a large river which runs
through it and waters it. In the Interior is a lake
abounding with prat Siara, more to the north-
ward, abounds in the staple commodities of the
couotty : Itts chief town, of the 'ante name, is
very small, and the haven 'is so shallow as only
1.0 acitnit sbips of interior
,bardcts. Mar ignan,
cir Marttahao, the adjacent provinee, 6ttrives its
nitine from an island in int estuary formed by va-
rious rivers, tool on which the chief town isplaced.
This Province yields two harvests of maize
annually. Para, or Grand Para, is the most
northern of : its metropolis, Para, Stands
Ott the great river Tocantin, and ,is a rich
and handsome town, cootaiiting.a citadel, for.
tress, two parish ebtirebet,, and a college. Titis
province produces abundance of cotton, sugar,
chocolate, and coffee, enough to load an anninal
fleet to Lisbon. "ishete are two provinces called
Paraiba, one in the Sonth, close to Rio Ja-neiro,
whic.h of course is not the one here alluded to,
another between Rio Grande and Pernambuco : it
has a large but dangerous barbonr. Tamara, or
lantaraca, is a small province adjniainc,,, but. very
fertile, and contains a Commoliou.; harbour.

PEIDZSTIOAN MATCH ON WORM wpop SCRUWas.
BASER und IJATUN compietell 50 mites cad' On
IMOnday ; but the fOrmer finished a few minutes
after nine, the latter not till-a quarter before ten,
Yesterday tnorniug• both started a frw minkite
alter tour. At five in the Rtternoon BAKER bad
cothOeted 40 miles': EAT6a tit the 'same
only BAKEK 950 tttilßa, Evro&
BANEtes son, only nine yeats.oht,Walked
miles with his father yegerday, dressed in a
sintsck

VICTORY IN LIIILI.

Copy of a Dispatch from General SAN MARTIN,"
cummumijog the Ilueuas 14. Chia, to
the Supreme Director tf the halted Provinces of
South America, and doted Mad Quarters, Sane.
:jag°, Feb. 22, 1817.

Most Excellent Sir,----The series of successful
events, which have constantly suct.eeded each
other since wee opened the canipaigh, have. nat
allowed me to give to your Excellency a circum-
stantial detail of the principal occurrences up to
the present date.

In the general dispatch fm.trardcd t,y my Stair
on the 20th ult. the order in which ate troop
welt marchiog is detailed, it well a; the ,!cps
taken to facilitate our enterprr e. droiy
sembled on the 28th tilt. and 'arri,,cd iii gr,od ()tote
at the Springs situated on the Palos road, from
which point 1 made my preparations to direct and
combine my movements, its soch a tnaftner
as to insure to me the possession of the foto.
Cordilleras, and remove all obstacles the enemy
might oppose to us in the defiles there which
we bad to plus, Two divisions were formed;
the first, which was to' march in the tear,
confided to Brjgadier-General Soler, and it was
composed of Ist battalion of efiasseltrs, the corn-%
parties of grenadiers and chassettra belonging to
7(11 and,Sth regiments, my own eseiiftoquadrons
3 and 4 of the motinted grenadiers,' and ,5 pieces
of artillery. The second wAs formed 'out of 7th
'and Bth battalions and 2 field-pieces, under Major-
General O'Higgins, and Colonel Zipitda with
squadrons Nos. I and '2. The Comman;ler of at',
finery with his men, and artisans followed imme+
diately afterwards, and at the :num: tints: ordered
Major Areos, of the engineetS, to 811,,•attee un our
left With 200 men, and penetrate thrtmgh the
wand of Valleneetnose, ,and theta 11811 !on Cienego,
where to' enemy's guard was posted, and thenet
ascending the heights and lits.ing the coedilleras
of Pinquenea in his rear, advitucc on Achttpallos,
in order to take thispcint and join the curtly near
Putaendo,

On the:sth I received adviccs front the Generta
commanding the ran-guard, that the above Otßeet*
had reacher! Achnpallas on t!►e ilth, a.ud that the
Spanibh Con►►ttantler of St. Phillip's t‘ IQ4
men and some militia i►tit! come out to attack
but was defeated by the brave Lieutenant Li-
valle. The next mOrt.ing the Spaniards abandonv 4
all Pataend►r and St. Philips, leaving baggage,ette..
behind them.

General Soler advanced rapidly, an►d on the 6th
the whole of the volgiuktd teas asserohted in Pita
taendo. He then posted Adiutt►nt Necoehea with
80 men on the heights, and ordered Commandant
lelian to take possession of the small fowl' of
San Antonio. On the next day be formed his
camp, and established his head-grouters at San
:Andres del Tartaro.

On the 6th in the evening the enemy recein4
considerable -reinforcements, and on that night
crossed the river. Aconcagua, and at day-break
presented himself in front of Necochea with 400
horse, 300 infantry, and two field,pieees. Our
brave officer was nit alarmed, but orderedlis
vance to, fill into line. Till he saw the enemy
close to him he did not fire a shot, brit then, sword
in hand, lie rnshed on the Spaniards, defeated
them, killed 30, and took 4 prisoners. He put'.
stied them to the heights of Colinas, where they
-ttere.• protected by their infantly. On the smile
morning before nine, o'clock, they precipitately
abandoned their position, the town of St. Philip,
aild recrossed the river.

In the meantime Ccil. Las Hems, who with his
bAttalienct, No. 11, 30 mouunted grenadiers), anti
tnt field-pieces, Wll5 to atta. k Smolt ItOA4 by the
Uspallata-road, met withegnalsuccess, On tht 41h,
his second in command, Major Alar i ez, attacked

the gnarl) of the Asdes, composed' of I Otivisen, anit
after an hour and half tool the post
by the bayonet, and 47 prisoners, their firms, &e.,

Aeciir(ling to my orders this diviiion wits to en.
ter Santa Rost on, the 6th, and estabiish its emu•
tnnnications with the ran.gnard «f tile: Briny,
i‘hich, on the sarste day, was 0)101 on St. Philip.
Auld this was done.

On the the enemy aban-
doned his positions in Aconcagua and Cminton,
leaving bthind some arms, stores. etc. and alain
formed near Charahnco. consequence of ;Hi,
resolved to march upon him, as well as the ca-
pita!, with all possible rapid.ty, and attack him

-44lierevcv voisl4l toil him, fiat witiistanain our
lien vy artillery had out come up.

On the morning of the 9th i re-established the
bridge aver the Aconcagua, anti ordered Corn.
Mt liar to march towards the heights of Chaca-
bite°, to observe the enemy. The army then fol-
lowed, anti encamped at the month of the defile,
together with Col. Hera's division, which had re-

ceived orders to concentrate at this point.
From this moment the intentions of the enemy
became more clear.-- The positlon he took on the
heights, and the resolution with which he appeared
disposed to defend them, made it evident he was
determined to maintain his ground. Our advances
placed themselves within musket shot of the enemy,
and during the whole of the 10th and -11111, made
the necessary reconnoissances. A small sketch of
the position of the Spaniards Was made out, and
in conformity to.it, I made all my arrangements to
.-- attack them in the morning 'of the following
day (12th).
Lenclose to your Excellency a topographical
'plan of the ground,- in which are sects the great
,obstacles overcome by our army, and the advan-
-
tag,es' of the enemy's pobition. I gave the command
of the right to General Soler, who,. with the first
division of chasseurs, the companies cif grynatlirrs
and sharp-shooters of the 7th and Bth regiments, •
commanded by Colonel Martinez, seven field-
pieces, my owls escort,, and the 4th squadrons of
mounted grenadiers, Was to attack the enemy
• in flank, and. turn his position, 'whilst Gene•
rap O'Higgins, to vt horn I confided, the left, was
to attack them in trOnt with the battalions No. 7,
and 8, squadrons 1,2, and 3, and two field.
pieces. The result' of our first movement was the
abandonment by the ens-my of his position on
the heights, for the rapidity of our march did
not give him time to collect the forces lie had
-Chacabuco, in order to dispute the ascent. After
.ais. first success, it was necessary to make fresh
arrangements. • The enemy's infantry, its its re.
treat, had to cross a plain of more than four
leagues in extent, and although it was sustained
by a strong column of cavalry, experience had. told
o, that a good squadron of our own horse grena-
diers was Sufficient to defeat and cut them up.
Our position then had become'the most advanta-
.geous. General O'Higgins was ahle to continue
ilia attack in front, whilst General Soler was in

a situation to outflank the Spaniards, if it ap•
peared they wished to keep their ground before
.they entered on the plains. J therefore instantly
ordered Colonel Zapiola, with the squadrons 1,2,
'and 3, to march forwards in order to charge them,
•or at least take op their attention till the batta-
lions 7 and 8, came forward, awl the enemy was
then compelled to Pake op the position destrihLd
iu the plan. General Soler continued his move-
ment on the right, with great success and good
combination, ascending up a craggy and almost
impracticable height, without being perceived by
the enemy, till they saw hint commanding their
own position, and threatening their flank.
The opposition we here met with was rigorous
end tenacious. A most horrible fire was Coln.
tueneed 011 both sides, and they disputed the
victory with us for more than nit hour with
the greatest obstinacy. True it is, that.ou this
point there were more than 1,500 of their chosen
infantry,. the Hower of their army, and they were
be-sides supported by a respectable body of cavalry.
Ne vet th el ess , the decisive moment was near at
bawl. The brave General O'Higgins collected
the th and Bth battalions, formed two close co.
inaths of attack, and at the head of the first
'charged the enemy's left with the bayonet. Col.
Zapiola at the head of squadrons 1,2, and 3,
broke' their right—all, in short, appeared like an
instautanemis shock. Gen. Soler at the same
time rushy(' op the heights on which their position
rested, and to defend which the enemy detached
200 men. Cont. Alvarado, however, arrived with
his chasseurs, detached two companies tinder the
command of Capt. Salvadores, who attacked the-
heights, defeated the Spaniards, and destrosed
them with the bayonet. Lieut. Zoria, of the
ChOSSCOTS, greatly distinguished lii itself.. •
In the mean time the intrepid squadrons of hot se
commanded by their Officers, charged in the most
determined manlier. The whole of the enemy's
iiifantty was routed and destroyed, the carnage
was terrible, but the victory complete and de-
cisive.

Our posterior efforts were only directed iu pur-
suit of osir enemies, who, harridly dispersed,were
running away in all ywlers. Corn. Necoehea,
who, with the 4th squadron and my escort, fell on
their right, as deseribed by the inclosed plan,
Made a dreadful carnage among them. Our ca-
valry that afternoon reached as far as the pass of
the COlinst. The whole of the enemy's infantry pe-
rished. Six hundred prisoners, 32 Officers, among
them several of rank, and an equal or larger num-
her of killed, their artillery, a complete park,
considerable magazines, together with the colours
of the Chiloe regiment, were the fruits of this
El ori ous day.
The eonserptences have, however, been more int.-
portant. The Spanish President Mario, in the midst
of the tenor and confusion produced by this de-
feat, on the same night of the 12th, abandoned the
capital, and with the miserable remnant of his
croons made The befit of hie way towards Valpa-
raiso.* lie left the whole of Isis artillery on the
declivity of Prado ; 'be was afraid of not arriving
in ante to get stripping ; be ran along the coast
towards an Antonio, where he was taken, with
the greater part of his followers, by a party of our
mounted grenadiers,. commanded -by the daring
Captain Aldado and the patriot Ramirez. To-
morrow lie is expected in this,capital. All these
prosperous events are clue to the discipline and
constancy evinced by the Chiefs, Officers and
troorr, so deserving of the regard of their fellow-
eitizetts,.and the consideration of your Excellency.
Without the aid,l have received front .Generala
Soler anti O'Higgins, the expedition would not
,have met with such decisive results ; I am under
the greatest obligations to theirs, as well us to the
Offi‘ers composing my Staff, of whom Colonel
Betio' accompanied me in the action, and com-
nrimicated my orders. lam also greatly satisfied
with the conduct of Colonel Quintana, and my
Aids-de-camp, Alvarez, Arcos, Escalatia, and
O'Brien.

The want of time prevents me front intliviclualiz-
jog to your Excellency the 011icets who moat tlis-

tioguitlre,l tf.ernstlye4, but I will ao sflnr xS
their respeel ive C011641'411(1, nisi' me with the
details I have requested, in order that their panics
may not be torgotten.

Aua4ly, Commattdant Cabot, on Coquimbo,
Rodriguez on San Fernando, and Lieut.•Culnnel
Freyre on Talca, have had equal success. In a
word, the echo of patriotism resounds from all
parts at one and the same ti►ue, and the Army of
the Andes will always have the glory of saying—
In twenty-tour (lays we finished the campaign,
we passed the most elevated chain of mountains
in the globe, we made an cud of tyrants, and we
have given frtedom to Chili.

God preserve your Excellency, 4c.
JOSE DE 5x..%. mmeriNt.

THEATRICAL REGISTER.
Pe/formed Lust Night.
KING'S MEAtitt.-41 Don Giovanni. After which, Zulica,

ou les Peruvians.

Dnuar•LAsF...-.Uarbatossa: Achinet,, Mr. Kean; Zaphira,
Mrs. Bartley. After which, Lovers' Quarrels, and The
Rpm p.
Cormr-aißnEx.—king Henry the Eighth : Cardinal Wol-
scy, Mr. Kcinble; Kathsrirse, Mrs. Weston. After which,
The Libertine.

MAILS.
Attt<ivkt:-.1 Dublin, 2 NS'aterford.

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4 per Cents . 6%i Cons. fur-July,
3 per Ct. Nisvy Ann...1041A1

COURSE OF EXCIL TUESDAY, MAY 27.
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IIIGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW.
Morning, 4U minutes after 12. I Evening, 11 initiates after 1