The Sun.
London, England, 1844-03-30 00:00:00

(V•-trienins

LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 30, 1844.

The LORD CHANCELLOR, moved for the re-appoin

ment of the Committee on the Irish Presbyterian
Marriagelaw, in consequence of the decision which
had that day been pronounced confirming the judg-
ment of the Court below. It appears from the Re-
port that the Law Lords were equally divided—two
voting for reversing the judgment, and two in favour
of it, which the House considered a confirmation of
the judgment given by the Irish Bench.
Some discussion took place on the appointment of
Mr. O'BRIEN as a Stipendiary Magistrate, which led
to no result.

The Marquis of LANspowNE moved for copies of
any instructions that might have been given to the
Crown Solicitors in Ireland, relative to the late State
trials, and after a few words the motion was agreed
to, when the House adjourned.

The House of Commons was engaged almost the
entire night in a discussion on the Factories Bill.
Sir J. GRAHAM led the way, by presenting a petition
from 62 firms, employing upwards of 30,000 la-
bourers, and embracing nine-tenths of the capital
employed in that town, who stated that the proposed
change would reduce wages from 15 to 25 per cent.,
and deprive the labouring classes of the enjoyments
they at present possess. After the transaction of
some other business, the Right Hon. Baronet moved
that the Order of the Day for going into Committee
on the Factories Bill be discharged.
Mr. COCHRANE was opposed to the withdrawal of
the Bill, and though he did not blame Lord ASHLEY'S
motives, he blamed his want of that firmness which
was necessary in all the actions of life.

Mr. T. DUNCOMBE also participated in the regret
expressed by Mr. COCHRANE at the concession made
by Lord ASHLEY, and without opposing the rescind-
ing of the order he would move as an amendment,
that in any future Bill a provision should be inserted
that the labour to be performed by young persons
and females shall be less than twelve hours.
Sir CHARLES NAPIER seconded the amendment.
Lord ASHLEY justified himself against the attacks
of the last speaker, but would not state what course
he should pursue till on Monday he ascertained what
were the provisions of the new Bill. A number of
speakers followed, when the amendment was nega-
tived without a division, and the order of the day
was discharged.
A motion of Mr. Ew,tur, relative to the reduction
of duties on raw materials, having been, after some
discussion, negatived by a majority of 64, the House
went into Committee of Supply. Several votes were
passed, and the House resumed.
Sir JAMES GRAHAM then moved for, and obtained,
leave to bring in a new Bill for the better regulation
of factories. It was read a first, and ordered to be
read a second time on the 22d of April.

The other orders of the day were then disposed of
and the House adjourned at a Quarter ,to One
&Clock.

What a foolish set of people are the Anti-Corn-law
Leaguers. How absurdly they manage all their
affairs. Not content with frightening all the Whig
aristocracy, they are now breaking up the entire
Whig party throughout the country, by carrying
dissension into every borough ; and instead of putting
up candidates whose birth and parentage, connexions
and family, entitle them to represent the constituen-
cies of England, they put up men merely of talent,
and with no other earthly consideration to recom-
mend them. Such is the language of all the old
twaddlers of the St. James's-street Clubs ; of all the
men who, without a single unencumbered acre, talk

loudly and lustily of resisting the Anti-Corn-law
League to the very last shilling they possess—just as
the West India proprietors, whose estates have long
since been mortgaged over and over again, beyond their
value, resist any alteration in the sugar duties, merely
in the hope that dear sugar may enable them to
derive some little revenue from that property, of
which extravagance and luxurious expenditure have
long since deprived them. Poor fools—imbecile
dotards—you hope by aiming to keep up the price
of corn to secure high rents, and thereby realise an
income beyond the interest which you must of neces-
sity pay, unless content to let your mortgaged acres
be foreclosed. But you look only to time present—

to-day occupies your entire thoughts—and shortly,
very shortly, will you find, that your temporary
policy is all in vain ; and that the very means you
adopt to stave off what you fear may be your injury,
only makes certain that which is now merely cause
for apprehension.

The cause of the Anti- Corn-law League is the
cause of every patriotic man in the country—
the prosperity, the happiness of the entire population
of the empire, depend upon the success of the efforts
which that body is now making to emancipate in-
dustry from the shackles which monopoly has thrown
over it, and to set free the streams of commerce from
the icy fetters which the cold breath of a landed aris-
tocracy has frozen around them. The cause of the
Anti-Corn-law League is the cause of the overworked
labourer—of the half-starved artizan—of the suffering
shopkeeper—of the owner of unemployed shipping—
and of every class in the commercial community.
Such a cause must and will prevail, by its own intrin-
sic weight and merit, spite of the sneers of mere
party men, or the scoffs and frowns of interested in-
dividuals.

But we confess that we do not see the policy of
courting defeat, where defeat is certain; of entering
into a contest where nothing is to be gained, but a
rebuff and inevitable discomfiture. We cannot see
the wisdom of fighting merely to be beaten, and of
showing the powers of endurance without a chance of
conquest. We do not think it any part of the duty
of the League to put up candidates, like cocks on
Shrove-Tuesday, merely to be knocked down by a suc-
cessful thrower. The principles of free trade may be
inculcated in a far wider and cheaper—yes, and in a
far more effectual and less depressing manner, from
Covent-Garden Theatre at the magnificent ga-
therings there, and through the medium
of the press, than they can ever be on the
local stage of Hastings, or any other bo-
rough such as that. And the great Liberal party,
which in its every essence is bound up with the prin-
ciples of free trade, will be better kept together, and
more usefully brought to bear, if such defeats and
such contests as that of Hastings be avoided.
The League is destined to triumph—why should
it court defeat ? It is destined to victory—why
should the certainty of that victory be sullied by oc-
casional doubt ? The League would do well to take
the advice of its friends, and not be urged into indis-
cretion by its noisy and clamorous supporters.

Justice to Ireland - has been the cry in this
country, ever since' tl-je last grand injustice, the
attempt to make trial by jury a farce. The visit of
Mr. O'CONNELL to England has been the occasion
for calling public feeling into demonstration ; and
from his first landing to his return to the shores of
Ireland, the voice of England has been heard in
accents not to be mistaken, proclaiming that its
people require and demand for the people of Ireland
equal justice, privileges, and rights. The last demon-
tration at Liverpool has not been one particle behind
those in London, Birmingham, and Coventry; and
O'CoNNELL goes back to Dublin with the best wishes
of the people of this country.
On the 15th of next month the Court of Queen's
Bench will be moved for judgment. A motion in
arrest of judgment will then be made, and if that be
refused, sentence will of course be passed. A writ
of error will be sued out, and, as was stated two
days ago, counsel are already engaged in support.
But the Government and the Court of Queen's Bench
may either at once put the sentence into force, or al-
low it to be respited until the writ of error be dis-
posed of. They may, if they choose, put a sentence
into execution, the validity of which is disputed, or
they may allow it to impend, until its legality be de-
cided upon.

Which course will they have the good taste to
pursue ? Will they punish first and debate the legality
of the punishment afterwards, or decide, upon the
powers of the law, to award punishment before they
put the sentence into force ? Time will show.

The discussion that took place last night in the
House of Commons on the subject of the Factory
Bill will certainly not tend to raise the character
of that Assembly in the eyes of the country. To
say nothing of the evident embarrassment that per-
vaded every speech, with the solitary exception of
the manly, straight-forward one made by Mr.DuN-
COMBE, it was clear that there was a reluctance on
the part of the House to follow up with zeal and
energy the steps it had already taken in behalf of the
unprotected operatives. Hon. Members seemed to
shrink aghast at the idea of inflicting too serious
a blow on Ministers ; the question of humanity was
with them of far less importance than the question
of the stability of the PEEL Cabinet Cand they evinced
a vacillation and a lukewarmness, clumsily disguised
under a show of regret, vexation, and all that sort
of thing, which will enable Sir JAMES GRAHAM to
carry his darling point of throwing the factory opera-
tives overboard. Last week, the House was boldly in
favour of the claims of humanity. This week, it is
all for expediency. Last week, it took the lofty and
generous tone which becomes a British senate. This
week, it cringes at the foot-stool of power. Oh,
"lame and impotent conclusion !" Who, henceforth,
will be otherwise than slow to believe in the sincerity
of a set of men who can thus play fast and loose—
blow hot and cold—and most egregiously stultify them-
selves—on a question which they were bound to follow
up boldly, and without respect to persons, to its legiti-
mate conclusion ? Of course Lord ASHLEY'S Ten
Hours' " Employment Bill" is lost for this year. It
might have been otherwise—it ought to have been
otherwise—but then the PEEL Ministry would have
been compromised ; and what are the claims of the
poor—the helpless—the overtasked thousands in the
manufacturing districts, compared to this great
consideration ? Perish the rights of humanity, pro-
vided Downing-street be still retained by its present
occupants ! If we can make the claims of the
one harmonise with our duty to the other, well
and good; if not, let the weakest go to the
wall ! We are sorry—very sorry for the operatives

—we grant their case is a strong one—but PEEL must
be kept in place at all hazards 1 Thus argues the
House of Commons, and never yet did it adopt a more
lame—unworthy—suicidal course of argument. Have
the humanity-men been merely fighting a cross all
this time ? Gm) knows ; but one thing is evident—
namely, that they have laid themselves open to very
grave suspicions. Meantime, all that remains for the
over-wrought operatives to do, is to practice
the difficult virtues of patience and forbearance.
They must endure their sufferings in silence,
and await calmly the advent of better times.
Their friends, if they have not absolutely betrayed
them, have at any rate lost all zeal in their cause•
Lord ASHLEY, who but the other day flamed like the
meridian sun in their behalf, is now as cool and mode-
rate as sunset. He has discovered that " second
thoughts are best"—that strong impulses, no matter
how generous, are not to be trusted—and that the
better part of valour is discretion. We wish him joy
of his discovery. It is at any rate a politic one, if it
have no higher claims on our consideration.

We will, however, just venture respectfully
to remind his Lordship of one little circumstance,
which may possibly have escaped his recollection.
In more than one of his Parliamentary speeches—
which always, like JOSEPH SURFACE'S conversation,
abound in fine sentiments—he has, if we remember
rightly, indulged in many virtuous phillippics against
war, and the horrors which it brings in its train.
Now, if war kills its masses, has the Factory System
no sins of this sort to answer for ? Are there not
hundreds, possibly thousands, of poor, emaciated
operatives, men, women, and children, who annually
die off, some in early youth, some in middle
age victims to the inexorable Moloch of
cupidity ? Can the under-ground cellars, and chilly,
unfurnished garrets of Manchester tell no
tales of lingering deaths by starvation, disease,
and dull, gnawing, hopeless despair ? Look at the
squalid, death-stricken figures that one constantly

encounters in the manufacturing districts ! If you
meet with a face impreased with the rosy hue of
health, be sure it belongs to a millowner ; if with one
stamped with the ineffaceable lines of wretchedness,
be sure it belongs to a victim of the Twelve Hours'
system. Yet these last perish by hundreds ; and
when their case becomes at length so notorious
that it is taken up by the House of Com-

mons, the very man who brings it forward, as he says,
from the most disinterested motives, is the very first
to relax in his remedial efforts, the instant he per-
ceives that perseverance in a good cause is likely
to endanger the Ministry. Lord ASHLEY is, we be-
lieve, a well-intentioned man, but his humanity is
sadly hampered by his Toryism. The one urges him
to befriend the operatives—the other to leave their
case as he finds it. Nature forces him one way,
Expediency the other. He would do good, but
he is afraid to do good; because just at the mo-
ment when he is making up his mind
to push vigorously forward in the right path, Sir
JAMES GuAnAm's basilisk eye is on him, and he
comes to a dead halt. 'We trust, henceforth, that
Lord ASHLEY will be somewhat more sparing of his
fine sentiments; or, if he must heeds expatiate on the
evils of war, not forget to enumerate also, and boldly
denounce, the evils of the Factory System, which has
killed quite as many thousands as NAPOLEON ever
slew in the field.

_We have received the Madrid journals of the 23d,
which contain letters from Aranjuez, describing the
meeting of the QUEEN DOWAGER and her daughter.
The scene is thus represented in one of these
letters :

" The night before Queen Isabella and the Infanta Louisa
were to embrace their mother they could not close their eyes,
and were continually heard to ask what the hour was. At
four in the afternoon they entered their carriage, and left
Aranjuez for the spot where the interview was to take place.
It is said that Queen Isabella had early in the morning de-
sired a physician to proceed thither with suitable medicines,
in order to afford seasonable relief to such persons as the
Royal interview might too deeply affect ! I On reach-
ing the tent erected for the occasion on a plain
to the right of the Andalusia and ' Valencia road,
the Queen and her, sister- -.`votild : not. sit quietly ;
they repeatedly rose and ',,,edvAasd?r. in order to
descry as soon as possible the -.`carriage, 'conveying their
august mother. At half-past four the' daughters of the
Infante Don Franciyo .de Paula -arrived, .accompanied by
Madame Arana, tlisK.,rirStl#3;,y Honour, ',After respect-
fully embracing ,figiireT-18fitI,.,kwsliis, the liifantas imme-
diately proceedecr 4,4!),44141*.kki.'44:4,,A1igier', past five the
Queen-Mother arrili4,llePAOgnistct by o.eXimster of Grace
and Justice, M.-11,14ansf• .4mFGenerariciftvAez. The first
meeting between the mother and. danghters, was a silent one,
tears only expressing their feelings. In tlie tent the marks
of tenderness exchanged between them were more touching
still. At six o'clock Maria Christina received persons of
distinction, among whom were M. Bresson, Mr. Lytton
Bulwer, the Ministers, at whose head figured M. Gon-
zales Bravo, M. Isturitz, and • other personages. After
this official reception the Queen-Mother entered her carriage,
with her two daughters, who contended for the seat on her
right, when Maria Christina sat down in the middle and said
to the young Queen, ' take thy place on my right, for it is
thine,' and to the Infanta,
_' take thy place, which is on my
left. Along their whole road they were saluted with the
S
liveliest acclamatiOits...,At.„half- a. six the Royal carriage
entered Aranjuez, amidst the riu ing of bells, and before they
could reach their apartthents, `t e Queen and her daughters
had to make their way through a dense and enthusiastic
crowd. At the moment they were entering the apartments,
the venerable Duke de taylen respectfully advanced, and said
to Maria Christina, ' Madam, I am happy. td have again in
my old days, the honour of--' The Marshal laboured
under such deep emotion that he could not utter a word more,
and Maria Christina hastened to address him in the most
affectionate terms. 'I am coming,' she said, 'to deprive thee
of thy guardianship.' 'lt has given me plenty to do, replied
the Duke."

On the 18th Carthagena still held out. Another
smart engagement had taken place, in which it is said
the besiegers succeeded in taking possession of the
suburb of San Anton.

The Three per Cents. were done at 37- for cash,
and at 38 at 60 days; and the Five per Cents. at 23
for cash, and 231 at 60 days.

The French Conservative Government has also sus-
tained a defeat of some importance, and we rejoice
that, like the defeat of the English Government on
the Factory Bill, it is in the cause of humanity. On
the Order of the Day being read in the Chamber of
Deputies for the discussion on the 23d clause of the
Recruitment Bill, fixing the period of service at
eight years, in place of seven, as formerly, M. Du-
PEAT moved, as an amendment, that the length of
service should be seven years, and the amendment
was seconded by the son-in-law of Marshal SOULT,
the Marquis of MORNAY. The amendment was op-
posed by Marshal OUDINOT and Marshal SOULT, on
the ground that eight years was the shortest period
of service that could keep up an effective army of
500,000 men. M. 0. BARROT, in support of the
amendment, spoke in a way befitting his character as.
the advocate of popular rights. "The Chamber," he
said, " was supposed to represent all the classes of
society. To keep up that fiction—(Cries of Oh,
oh,' and laughter)—they ought to show some solici-
tude for the feelings of that portion of the people on
which the increase of service now proposed by the
Government would press most heavily. If the Cham-
ber only knew the anguish with which families
counted the years that their children passed in the
army, and the anxiety which they evinced for their
return, they would not treat an additional year's ser-
vice so lightly." The amendment was put, but after two
trials, the President being unable to say on which
side was the majority, recourse was had to the ballot,
when there were for the amendment 170, and for
the original motion 163, being a majority of seven
against the Government. On the same day M. GAR-
NIER PAGES laid on the President's fable, in the
Chamber of Deputies, a proposition for the conver-
sion of the Five per Cents. This proposition is simply
the revival of the plan submitted to the Chamber in
April, 1840, which was rejected by the House of
Peers. M. DE LAMARTINE also pvesented a petition
praying that DON CARLOS be restored to liberty.
It is signed by large number of persons of note, in-
cluding M. DE CHAUTEAUDRIAND, and will shortly
be submitted to the Chamber, at a moment when the
State of Spain will confer on it all the interest of an
order cf the day; it will be warmly supported by
the most influential Members of the several Op-
positions.

We find no further intelligence in the Paris
papers relative to the disturbances in Italy. The
funds on Thursday were a shade lower, the Three
per Cents. closing at 82f. 80c., and the Fives at
121 f. 65c.

THE BOURSE—THURSDAY, MARCH 28.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents • , 121 30 • • 121 55 . • 121 30 • • 121 55
Three per Cents..... 82 90 .• 82 95 .. 82 85 .. 82 80
Bank of France• •.•••• • • .• • 3100 • • 3125 • • 3100 —3125
Laftitte Bank, I,ooof. Sharesll2o .. 1120 • • 1120 .. 1120
5,000 f. Sharessl2o .. 5120 .. 5120 —5120
Belgian Bank. 660 660 .. 660 .. 660
1841.... lOB5 ••1085 ..1085 —lOB5
Belgian Fives,
1840.•••••••• 1071 .. 108 .. 1071
•• 1071
1842
Spanish Active ........34 • • 34/ • • 34 • • 34/
Passive .••.•• • • • • • • 61 .. 61 • • 6/ • • 6/
Threes .. .• • 361 • • 361 • • 36; • • 361
Old Deferred
Dutch Two-and-a-Half • • 58 • • 58 • • 58 .. 58
Neapolitan ....... .•.• • • • 101 50 • • 101 65 • • 101 50 • • 101 65
Roman • 1061 • • 106/ • • 106/ • • 106/
RAILWXY SHARES.
St Germain ......... ..... 850 • • 850 • • 850 .• 850
Versailles, R. 8....... •• • • 392 50 .• 397 50 .• 392 50 397 50
L. 8....•
Rouen • 915 .. 915 .• 915 .. 915
Rouen to Havre•
Orleans .• ••••••• • • • • • • 903 75 • • 903 75 • • 900 • • 902 50
Strasburg to Bale •
Avignon to Marseilles • • 760 767 50 • • 760 • • 767 50

RAILWAY SHARES, FOR THE ACCOUNT.
Versailles, 397 50 • . 397 50 .. 393 75 .. 393 75
L. 8.• • • • • • •• • • • • 242 50 • • 259 • • 235 • • 240
Rouen ...•
Rouen to Havre 690 .• 690 • • 690 • • 690
Orleans •.
Strasburg to Bale. ...... 290 • • 293 75 290 • • 291 25
Mignon to Marseilles•••••. 767 50 .. 767 50 .. 763 75 •• 763 75

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—( THIS DAY.)
LONDON, BlAucit 29.—Wind this day at noon, light
easterly breeze, and fine clear weather.
DEAL, MAncat 29.—Wind N.N.E. to E.N.E., light and
thick fog—Arrd. Iberia, steamer, Constantinople. Sld. George
Fybe, Calcutta; Wakefield, St. John's, New Brunswick.
COWES, MARCH 29.—Arrd. Familiar, Nyeboy, Rio ;
Woodmanstowe, Hindmarsh, Matanzas ; Condor, Hamburgh
for St. Thomas, with loss of bulwarks and bowsprit, &c.,
having been in contact with a steamer.
DARTMOUTH, MARCH 28.—Arrd. Commerce, Brown, Gib-
raltar for Hull, short of provisions and water. Arrd. off,
Dart, Newton, Madeira.
PLYMOUTH, MAncif 29.—Wind variable.—Arrd. Halifax,
Grayburn, Ichoboe; Lord Stanley, Appleton, Sierra Leone,
sailed 6th ult. Sld. John Burnham, Barrett, Prince Ed
ward's Island; Teesdale, Malta; Manley, Montreal.
FALMOUTH, MARCH 29.—Wind variable and light.—
Sid. her Majesty's steamer Bromo, Batavia. Off, Aura,
Hember, for Baltic, (46 days).
BRISTOL, MARCH 29.—Sld. Bristolian, and Flora, Africa.
SWANSEA, MARCH 28.—And. Thirteen, Valparaiso ; Eliza
Hughes, Davies, Cuba.
LIVERPOOL, MARCH 29.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. Colchester,
Wethers, Ichoboe, left Jan. 19, St. Helena 31 ; Henry Bliss,
Cunning, New York. Sailed, Alcyone, Arichat, and since put
back leaky ; Fatima and steamer Fire Queen, Calcutta ;
Brutus, Aden • Isabella, Buenos Ayres ; Tinamara, Ceara ;
Sarah, Barbadoes ; Lady Basset, Antigua ; Cybele, Texas ;
Sir C. Campbell and Walter, New Orleans ; Rhode Island
and Trewaithe, New York ; Asia, St. John's, New Brims-
wick ; Elizabeth, Halifax ; Mahaica, Montreal.
SUNDERLAND, MARCH 27.—S1d. Dorade, St. John's, New
Brunswick ; Cornelius, Richebucto ; Mameluke, Miramichi ;
Prince of Wales and Whitwell Grange, Quebec.
CORK ,MARCH 27.—Arrd. Dahlia, Young, St. John'i, New
Brunswick.
CLYDE, MARCH 27.—Sld. Caledonia, Montreal.
SHIELDS, MARCH 28. Commodore, Marquesas k Crusader,
Madeira and YaJparttis• Jitrititunia,St.hhn'o, New BnuunTick.