The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-04 00:00:00

.enin-

•
LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1844.

In the • House of Lords, the Marquis of Non-
-24A1‘112' said he...would postpone li:s motion relative to
the recal of Lord ELLENDOROUGH till Tuesday, as
the Duke of IN Etaa %TON had stated that the Earl of
RIPON could noctnaAtt:ecnELtill that day.
The LOAD
moved that the House
should go into Committee the Dissenters' Chapels
Bill. He pointed out the vast
hetvx.
havedp en s expenses e which
en avoided,
v o
dheadd,
been incurred in suits which malt
'and for which this Bill would provide
p read
The Bishop of LONDON moved that i e theaf remedy,
be
that day six months; and the Bishop
posed it, to use his own words, most strongly.
op.
Lord BROUGHAM gave the Bill his entirey.su
because he felt the necessity of putting an end to
vexatioui litigation, and fulfilling the original inten
tion of the donors.

Lord COTTBNIIAM and Lord CAMPBELL also sup.
plrted the Bill ; and the amendment was negatived
without a division. The Bill then passed through
Committee, was ordered to be read a third time on
Monday, and the House adjourned.
'ln the House of Common, after the presentation
er petitions, Mr. HEMS gave notice that, on Thurs•
any, he should move for a copy of all the corre-
spondence between the East India Company and the
Government relative to the recal of Lord ELLEN-
h!s motion probably will give rise to
ntelesting speeches and disclosures.
pARLEs NAPIER gave notice that on Thurs-
lridayi the of May, he should bring the Nav List
•undettaf nsideration of the Mouse.
3
• In osliter to a question from Mr. F. BARING, re-
ja.t/Te-to we Bank Charter, the. CRANCELLOZ of the

L. ,

EXCHEQUER said he believed Sir ROBERT PEEL did
not intend to call upon the House to agree to any
resolutions on the subject when he brought it forward
on Monday, if there should be any objections to his
propositions.
On the Order of the Day being read for the House
going into Committee on the Factories Bill, Mr.
ROEBUCK moved a resolution to the effect that no in-
terference with the power of adult labourers in fac-
tories to make contracts with respect to the hours for
which they shall be employed, be sanctioned by the
House. He then contrasted, at some length, the con-
dition of the peasant and the labourer in factories,
and expressed his firm conviction that the condition
of the latter was infinitely better than that of tile
former.

Sir JAMES GRAHAM opposed the resolution, and
Mr. LABOUCHERE supported it, but we find no-
thing in their speeches that requires even a summary.
Captain Rous supported the amendment of Mr.
ROEBUCK, and only regretted that he had not moved
that the Bill be rejected.
Lord HowicK, Sir R. PEEL, Lord J. RussELL,
and a number of other Members, addressed the House,
when, on a division, the amendment was negatived
by a majority of 206.

The House then went into a Committee pro forma,
and immediately resumed.
The other orders of the day were then di:l3°3d of,
and the House adjourned at a few minutes past
One o'clock.

It was well remarked in our hearing yesterday by
an East India Director, who had for years supported
the politics of Sir R. PEEL, that bad as the Whigs
might be, they were not traitors to their principles,
like the Tories. And he added, that never again
should Sir R. PEEL have a vote from him.

It may be said, that this was only the dictum of
one man—of an East India Director it is true, but
what then ? We will answer. the questions it is
only the dictum of one man, but it is the opinion of
thousands, who, having always, as they thought, sup-
ported Tory principles, find, at length, that Toryism
has no principles, and that it is based upon founda-
tions which will neither bear the light of day nor the
merest view of the merest tyro in political knowledge.
Toryism and principle! Sir ROBERT PEEL and prin-
ciple!! The terms are just as applicable as Reform
and finality !—Ga.tuam and fixity of purpose !!
Just as well might it be attempted to fasten the wea-
thercock, in order to ensure the point from which the
wind should blow, as to determine the measures of a
Tory Government by the open and apparent signs
which their declarations and movements indicate.

" Vol et preterea nihil" is the motto which all the
loud-sounding proclamations of Toryism deserve; and
they have not only deserved but gained it ; and we
are greatly deceived if the reign of Toryism be not
terminated by the full and complete conviction of the
entire British people that Toryism is mere induce-
ment—that all its promises are wind, and all its pro-
fessions empty sound.

On the motion last night that the House of
Commons should go into Committee on the Factory
Bill, Mr. ROEBUCK proposed—" That it is the opinion
of this House that no interference with the power of
adult labourers in factories to make contracts respect-
ing the hours for which they shall be employed, be
sanctioned by this House." The Hon. and Learned
Member's speech, in support of this proposition, was
just such as might have
.been expected from him—
that is to say, it was specious, shallow, partial, and
by no means remarkable for any particular suavity of
temper. He seemed to take for granted that all
who advocated the Ten Hours' measure, exhibited
nothing but " ignorance" and " blustering weak-
ness"—his own affectionate and respectful words ;
that their " class of mind was among the lowest and
most vulgkr of humanity ;" and that it was unge-
nerous, to say the least of it, "to throw on any class
in this country the odium arising from that which
was the mere necessity of our nature." 'With what
amazing coolness and nonchalance the Member for
Bath talks of factory labour, just as though
it were one of the inevitable curses en-
tailed on humanity by the transgressions
of our first parents ! Does he really mean to say
that it is " the mere necessity of our nature," that
thousands of weak, defenceless women and children
should be daily tasked beyond their strength, with
no hope of escape from such exhausting toil but in
the grave ; and, consequently, that those who, from
the most disinterested motives, would endeavour to
ameliorate their condition, are no better than vision-
aries, acting in defiance of all the laws that regulate
our social being ? We cannot believe that Mr. ROE..
BUCK is serious in this admission, for though his
ideas of statesmanship are certainly not of a lofty
or comprehensive order, he is not quite an Ignoramus,
but has some glimmering, however. faint, of the truth
of things. Excessive factory labour—so far at least
as women and children are concerned—is no
more a " necessity of our nature" than were West In-
dian Slavery—Catholic Restriction Acts—or any other
gross injustice for which Parliament has found a
remedy. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman went
on to observe that " women were much better
able than men to cope with factory labour.
And ho could understand why. It was under
cover—it was warm, and so far it was com-
fortable to the nature of women, and all that was
required was continuous attention. Now it was a
peculiar characteristic of females that they could give
this continuous attention without injury to their
health. Every medical man agreed that women bore
factory labour best ; that it was suited to their
habits and psychological condition, and that it was in
reality anything but hard labour to them." Good
GOD, was ever so much arrant nonsense and resolute
perversion of fact contained in so small a compass, as is
the case in the above passage ! The factory, forsooth,
is " warm," and therefore " comfortable to the nature
of woman !" Warm, indeed ; for the temperature is
quite tropical, and the close, mephitic, pent-up
air destructive to the strongest constitution. But
this, it seems, is " comfortable," and specially
suited to the " nature of woman," who, unlike
the ruder sex, can dispense with the free, pure,
refreshing airs of Heaven ! The atmosphere that
tends to poison the springs of life in man,
does woman all the good in the world. Her "psy-
chological condition," by the wise ordination of Pro-
vi knee, is just suited to the factory system of labour ;
and it would be the height of folly and in-
justice to take her from duties which agree so
well with her health, an 1 which are so exceedingly
"comfortable to her nature." Again, "all that is
required from her is continuous attention." That is
all—nothing more ! She is only required to slave un-
remittingly from morning till night, from year's end
to year's end. It is only insisted, that she shall ne-
glect all her own household duties—forget that she is
a wife and mother—and attend to nothing but the
interests of her employer ! This is the very utmost
she is expected to do, and Mr. ROEBUCK thinks it
the justest and properest thing in the world that
she should continue to do it without a
murmur. And is it in this spirit that an English
senator alludes in an English House of Commons to
the protracted labours—tortures, we should rather call
them—that women undergo in the pestilential Hell of
a factory ? Is it thus coldly and sneeringly that he ex-
patiates on their lot, justifying it as a "mere necessity
of nature," and peculiarly adapted to their " psycho-
logical condition ?" In the whole course of our
political experience we know not that we ever
read a speech which filled us with such unutterable
disgust as that of the Hon. and Learned Member for
Bath—a speech which is as ungenerous and unmanly
in sentiment, as it is absurd in argument, and reckless
in its perversion of facts. Did Mr. ROEBUCK never
happen to read the medical Reports on the effects of
factory labour on the female constitution, that were j
since;presen teadnahch
towthieHouse of Commons a few years
proved,
beyond the possibility of
contradiction, that .
the system was utterly de-
structive of the
health of woman ; that in 1
the season of youth it brought on the infirmities of
age ; laid the seeds of incurable disorders • poisoned
the springs of life at the fountain-head; and finally
sent the poor, helpless, patient victim to her grave, worn
down alike in body and mind, ere yet the meridian of
lier existence was passed ? Mr. Rozistica:could surely I
never have read these impressive documents, orhe would
never have presumed to talk such flippant, heartless
trash, as that excessive factory labour is suited to the
"psychological condition" of women, and is nothing
more than "the mere necessity of nature." The
Member for Bath concluded, like a JEREMIAH or a
CASSANDRA, by prophesying all sorts of horrors,

if Parliament, resolved on interfering with the
fadtory system. We should lose, forsooth, the
markets of Germany—of America—in a word, of the
whole world ! And all these afflictions are to befal
us, if we presume to listen to the voice of humanity—
which in nine cases out of ten is the voice of common
sense—and endeavour to help those who have no
power to help themselves! Mr. ROEBUCK, you are
but a shallow sophist, as petty and frivolous in your
views as you are pedantic and pertinacious in main-
taining them.
Sir ROBERT PEEL, infinitely to the surprise
and delectation of the House, indulged it with
a lecture on " principle." " Great principles of
morality," he said, " must not be infringed ; but there
were general rules, Ametimes called principles, which,
though for the most part fit to be maintained, might
sometimes be as fitly relaxed, for moral and social
purpo, es." What subtle casuistry is this ! But who
cannot see, with half an eye, that it is neither more
nor less than an apology for the Expediency system
of legislation ? Some principles must be stuck to at
all hazards ; others may be conveniently relaxed—
that is to say, you may adhere to a principle when it
does not come into direct collision with your inte-
rest; but when it does, then you are perfectly justified
in pitching it overboard, of course " for moral and
social purposes." So JONATHAN WILD argued,
when he endeavoured to bring round the
Ordinary of Newgate to his own views of what was
just and proper. So Philosopher SQUARE argued, when
he endeavoured to persuade Squire ALLWORTHT that it
was his duty to disregard the laws of humanity, and
send the poor foundling, Tom JONES, adrift without a
shilling in the world, or a friend to help him !
So the Devil quotes Scripture, whenever,
like our jesuitical Premier, he has " moral
and social purposes" in view. Sir ROBERT PEEL
went on to observe that Lord HowicK's notions of
interference with the factory system were highly in-
judicious—and amounted to this, namely that Parlia-
ment must "extend its interference into all the occupa-
tions of life, and establish a system of universal inspec-
torship and intolerable tyranny." This remark comes
with peculiar grace and propriety from a Minis-
ter, who, by means of his inquisitorial in-
come -tax, has already established a " system of
universal inspectorship, and intolerable tyranny."
We are delighted to be able to state that Mr. ROE-
Bucies motion was lost by an overwhelming majority
of two hundred and six ! Truly, virtue is its own
reward

The Madrid papers of the 26th ult. bring no fresh
intelligence, if we except the fact that one of the
Ministerial journals, the Herald°, has turned against
its patrons. It thus announces the fact :—" The Mi-
nistry, by
_its inactivity, inflicts a real prejudice on
our party, and we can no longer keep silent. Nu-
merous correspondents from the provinces complain
loudly that great partiality has been exercised in the
filling up of public offices. Such facts are of a nature
to excite distrust and alarm, and the Cabinet, with-
out perceiving ,the consequences of this erroneous
tactic, complete the ruin by contradictory orders."
On the Bourse the following were the quotations
on the 26th :—Three per Cents., for arch, 36i ; at 60
days, 361; Fire per Cents., for cash, 21 15-16 ; at
60 days, 221.

The birthday of his 111 ajesty the King of the
FRENCH was celebrated at Paris on Wednesday with
great rejoicings, and the weather being uncommonly
fine full effect was given to the various festivities pre-
pared for the occasion. At half-past eleven o'clock
the KING received the Cabinet Ministers and the
Marshals of France ; and, at noon, the grand deputa-
tions of the Chambers of Peers and Deputies ; the
deputations of the Court of Cassation and Cour des
Comptes ; the Royal Council of Public Instruction ;
the deputation of the Cour Royal ; the institute ; the
Prefect of the Seine ; the Prefect of the Police ; the
Mayors, Deputy-Mayors, and members of the Muni-
cipal Council of Paris ; the deputations of the Tri-
bunals of Premiere Instance and Commerce ; the
• Protestant Consistory; the Central Israelite Consistory;
the Generals and other officers not forming part of
the garrison, and the civil and military functionaries.
At half-past two his MAJESTY received the officers of
the National. Guards of Versailles and other places in
the department of the Seine-et-Oise, the Officers of
the General Staff of the •National Guards of the
Seine, &c. At four o'clock his MAJESTY received the
members of the corps diplomatique. His MAJESTY was
in excellent :health, and went through the labours of
the day without appearing to suffer much from
fatigue. Addresses were presented by the Pope's
Nuncio, the Presidents of the two Chambers, and the
Archbishop of Paris. In replying to the congratu-
lations of Baron PASQUIER, the President of the
Chamber of Peers, his MAJESTY took the oppor-
tunity of adverting to the blessings conferred On
France, as well as other countries, by continued
peace. " rife Chamber of Peers," said he,. "know
how I apprecis.te the constant and faithful support
which it has given to the policy, which has preserved
France from so many evils, and attached, I may ven-
ture to say, as much lustre to the French name as the
most brilliaa it victories could have done. We have
seen our prs ,sperity increase at the same time as that
of our neigl 'bouts, which must render.. more evident
to the eyes of all the important truth that the general
welfare of,-nations becomes for each of them in par-
ticular an augmentation of prosperity and happiness.
It is a sweet satisfaction for my paternal heart that
my sons have shown themselves worthy of France en
the numerous occasions in which they have been able
to prove their devotedness. They will always be
found ready to share the perils and glories of our sol-
diers, and to d efend our institutions, and the liberties
of which they are the guarantees. I again thank the
Chamber of P eers for the good wishes that it has ex-
pressed to rue." His. reply to the Archbishop of
PARIS was of a different character, and showed
that the KING is determined to assert the power of
the State in Ch urch affairs, and will not allow
the Jesuits or ani religious sect to domineer, as in
former days, over both Sovereign and people. The
allusion of the A rchbishop to the peace and liberty
of the Church, el idently attracted the serious atten-
tion of the Kusa , and called forth a just rebuke.
The remark to s .vhich we refer is the following:—
"We can never conceive," said the Prelate, "that
the State can s uffer from-the peace and liberty of
the Church, or tl ie Church from the grandeur and
prosperity of tla a State. This conviction, which
was proclaimed, six hundred years ago by a holy
French doctor, he honour of his age by his genius,
and of the cleri ;y by the heroism of his virtues,
is also that of ti le clergy and Archbishop of Paris.'
On which the K Ism replied, with great emphasis and
in a hurried. : manner, " I thank you, Monsieur
l'Archeveque, fc,r ;:the good wishes that you offer to
me personally, a nd in the name of the clergy of Paris.
I thought Ih: td given pledges enough of my desire
to maintain the, Eoerty of religion, and to surround
the clergy wiry all the respect, all the veneration, that
are due to it, fo r it to become useless to remind me
of them in the, Nay I have just heard. What I can
thatsuietlser
ksanyowto
alyr-oeuad, l'Archeveque,olerg
ymnyre you
my
lyisupwonhaatll
good will, all r ky interest, and also on the constancy
of my efforts too assure to France the benefits of reli-
gion, in order that it may continue to be at
best guarantee ; rsgainst the vices which produce dis-
order in FrOCi sty, and the source of all the virtues
which ins ur' s the happiness of men."

. _
It wou Id appear that the accounts received from
Toulouse, of disaffection in certain regiments were
not war to nted by the facts. The charges against the
soldiers I were declared to be unfounded, and all those
arrested r had been set at liberty.
The }l7:rench funds on Thursday advanced consider-
ably—t. he Threes to 84f. 400., and the Fives to
122 f. 3 cc,.

'',THE BOURSE-TUESDAY, MAY 2.

First Highest Lowest Last
-

Price. Price. Price. Price.
French riveTerCents— •••• 122 20 •• 122 20 •• 121 90 •••• 121 90
T 1 ire* per Cents... • • 84 25 .• 84 40 •• 84 25 .. 84 35
Bank of -,Nanice••••••• •••••3092 50 —3092 50 • 3092 50 ••30,92 50
Belgian 2 salt..•••• • •••• •• 652 50 •• 692 50 •• 692 50 .. 60.1 50
1841 lllO ••1110 —lllO ••1110
Belgian Fl rte, 1831, ..... lO3l • • 103/ • • 1034 - • 1031`
. 1840 •••—• •• 1064 •• 1064 .• 1053 .. 105/-
1842 •••••••• 1084 •• 1084 .. 1084 .. 108/
Spanish A dive - 32/
Tlreca •• ..... ••• •• 363 .. 36/ .. 36/ .. 36/
0, id Deferred —.. •• 73 .. 71 • • 71 .. 74
Portnguef le Five per Cents 454 • • 454 . • 454 • • 45/
Neapollts .n lO2 20 .. 102 20 .• 102 .. Ml'
Roman .. . . MI .. 1063 .. 1061 .• um I
RAILWAY SHARES.
Ver- Adler r, R. B.
Rouen to Havre. .........
L.B.
Rouen ..—..•• ...
t•I urg :to Bale. ........
Strasburg —"" ...... •• •• •• •• 970 .• 972 50 .. 970 •• 972 •50
272 50 .. 272 50 •• 270 .. 270
Avignon t )3 /gamines.... •• 762 60 •• 762 50 .. 762 50 •• 762 & 1
RAILWAY MARES, FOR THE ACCOUNT.
Versale Rzt,.. ..... • . gm
.. 30
• •• 373
••

!! 3.91