The Sun.
London, England, 1821-01-11 00:00:00

FOREIGN LITERATURE.

We have the pleasure to announce, that the
three following Works on the History and Geo-
graphy of France, and the former and present
state of the Arts in that country, are in rapid
progress through the French Press, and that se-
veral additional livraisons will be published in
the course of this month :

FasxCE.—Continuatiest and conclusion of the gene;al Ills-
tort of Franee, before and since the establishment of Mo-
t?erehy in Gaul, down to the general Peace in 1815. This
work is divided into two distinct and separate Parts, and will
consist in the whole of 50 volumes in 12roo. with about 330
'Portraits. 'f be first Part is already completed, consisting of
..,15-vultunes;avith ui Portraits, and carries the History of this
Country to the-end of the reign of. Charles IX. The second
Part begins with the reign of Henry, 111. and is designed to
end at the General Peace in 1815; it will consist of IS or IS
volumes with 240 Portraits. This History was first under-
. taken by M. Velly, at his death by MM. Villaret and Gar-
. nier, and subsequently continued by M. Dufau, the present
author, who has already contributed six volumes, which are
. some of the most valuable portions of this excellent produc-
tion. Of these six volumes, one treats of the History of
Gaul under the Gauls, the Romans, and the Franks, and
. forms the first volume, or the Introduction-to thewhole work ;
the other five embrace the most interesting period of French
History,—the last ten years of the reign of Charles IX. and
the reigns of Henry 111. and Henry IV. In describing the
• latter of these Princes, M. Dufau has delineated with great
spirit and impartiality the Great man who conquered France
and restored peace to his bleeding country,' and raised her to
her proper station among the Powers of Europe; who was
wise in the choice of Ministers, whose constant efforts were
directed to promote the happiness and prosperity of the coun-
try. The history of this memorable reign may properly be
considered at a manual for Subjects, Ministers, and Kings.
A Geographical, historical, Political and Administrative
Atlas of France, lay H. Buie, Geographer to his Royal High.
tress Monsieur. This Atlas is composed of nearly 48 maps,
on which are describes! the limits, and ecclesiastical, civil,
military, judicial, and administrative divisions of France, at
the principal periods of her History, before and since the
establishment of Monarchy in Gaul, down to the year 1920.
This work is a most valuable appendage to the General His-
tory of France mentioned in the precedingArtiele ; for if
geography and chronology are the main supports of history,
which, no person doubts, this Atlas must necessarily prove
of great assistance to the student of French 'history. It is
preceded by a summary of the general history of the geogra-
phy of France from the earliest known periods to the pre-
sent time, by M. Gantlet, and contains also an explanatory
and critical notice of each map by the same author. This
new publication will supersede the necessity of referring to
other works of the same nature.
An,..illas of Monuments uf the liberal, Mfchanical, and
311anufactztring .lrts of France, from the time of the Gauls to
the present day,'hy the Chevalier Alexandre Senoir.—This
second Atlas is of the same size, and printed on similar
paper as the Geographical Atlas just noticed; it consists o.
60 Engravings, exhibiting more than 800 figures or different
subjects, belonging to the five great epochs of the history or
the Arts in France, and of which a great number, now pub-
lished for the first time, represent ancient and modern build-
ing:, paintings, fountains, tombs, and bridges ; ecclesiasti-
cal, civil, and military costumes; arms, furniture, and
jewels; instruments of music, agricultural implements, ma-
Chines, useful inventions, &c. This work is divided into
five parts State of the Arts among the Celts and Gauls ;
id, State of the Arts ins the middle ages ; in this part the
author divides the Arts into two styles, the first of which is
formed by the monuments front Clovis to Philip Augustus,
and the second by the monuments from the reign of the lat-
ter King' to Louis XII.; 3d. The epoch known under the
(mine of the age of the restoration of Letters, the Arts, and
Sciences ; the Arts are divided into three styles during this
period, which respectively refer to the reigns of -Louis XII.
Francis I. and Henry IV.; 4th. State of the Arts in the 17th
century, or age of Louis XIV. ; sth. State of the Arts in the
1814 and 19th centuries; this part is subdivided into two
styles; the first cogsprehends the reign of Louis XV. and the
second, the reign of Loris XVI. down to the present day.—
This Atlas is accompanied by a rapid sketch of the history of
the Arts in general, of manners, and of the progress of so-
ciety and civilization in France, as well as by a descriptive
and critical analysis of the plates.

• Elementary iibridgment of Me History of France, by M.
Gault de Saint Germain. This work has just been published,
and is an abridgment of the History of France from the heroic
ages to the present time ; digested from the authorities of all
ages, and from the monuments of every period of the monar-
chy,with critical citations from these authorities.—(Moniteur,

Dec.3o.)
Anew Chronological ilbridgnient of the History of France
from the reign of Pharantond to that of Louis X VIII, by
M. de Moulieres. This new abridgment is preceded by an
Introduction, containing 152 pages, which treats, I. of the
Celts and Gauls ; 2. of the Franks; 3. of the religion of the
Celts; the Gauls, and Franks ; 4. of the physical constitution,
character, valpor,iylapperh customs of , the Celts and
Gauls ; 5. of the Salle Law, and its first establishment in
Gatil : and of the real founder of the French monarchy. This
work, as well as that mentioned in the last article is admira-
bly adapted fur the instruction of youth.—(Eid.)

.gGYVTIAN MUMMY DISCOVERED. itt. Jomard, Member of
the French Institute, has communicated the following infor-
- .mation from Egypt to the Editor of the Allonitcur.
In proceeding to Dnngolah with the expedition command-
ed by Ismael Bey, M. Frederic Cailland remained some time
at Thebes. and there matie:a discovery of great interest to
.the antient history of Egypt. On the 17th of last August hr
found in that city a mummy embalmed in the time of the
Greeks. The fsgure bad a gilt crown on his head, in the
form of a lotus. The body was covered with bands of
•linen after the Egyptian fasliidn; Some inscriptions in Greek,
•Itnit others in hieroglyphic;, are discernible on the chest
A-.labittining the sarcophagus in which the mummy is inch's-
' ed. A manuscript on papyrus, and in the Greek language, is
fastened by strings to the right side. The linen which envelopes
tie mummy is covered with Egyptian stlbjects and bierogly-
'phic signs. In the interior of chest, the signs of the zodiac are
represented.' This precious monument is fortunately in a
'good state of presertatimr, but the design, the ornaments,
and the colours are not so perfect as in more ancient works.
This perfection in the execution, is precisely the stamp of
the Most remote periods of Egyptian antiquity, which fact
was disfavored and ostablisheJ during the French -expedition
into Egypt.
' it /wears evident from this discovery of M. Gaillatl, that,

' in the time of the Greeks, the Egyptians were in the practice
of using certain hieroglyphics. 'The famous Rosetta stone has
already proved the existence of this practice in the reign of
Ptolemy Epiphanius; and the inscriptions recently found at the
feet of the sphinx, through the exertions and perseverance of
Captain Caviglia, authorize us to infer that under the
Ro-
mans, up to a certain time, the art of writing in hieroglyphics
was still in use. However, lam far from concluding from
these facts, that, even if we possessed the knowledge of the
Greeks and Romans on these hieroglyphic signs, we should
be enabled to comprehend the inscriptions at Thebes, and on
the tombs of the kings, ur those on the obelisks. But, it is
not the less extremely curious to find on the same monument,
posterior to the arrival of the Greeks in Egypt, or perhaps
much more recent, inscriptions of two kinds, one of which
remain to this moment undeciptiered, sthile the other can be
read without any difficulty. We might offer here some con-
jectures which the circun►stances naturally suggest, but it is
better to wait the arrival of the monument. The possessor
will, no doubt, exert all the means in his power to insure its

preservation and removal to Paris.
M. Cailland has also found in the catacombs at Thebes, a
number of articles, which throw considerable light on the
manners and customs of the Egyptians, such as pieces of
furniture, slippers, dresses, and even some ancient bread in
good preservation.
The cabinet of M. Drovetti, the fruits of 15 years re-
searches, contains a quantity of similar curious articles which
add considerably to the value of the finest collection yet
formed of Egyptian Antiquities ; a collectiort.ss:sgthy of a
place in the first Museum of Europe, and which .is ardently
desired by several Princes.
M. Caillaud has obtained fresh firmans, which insure him
the necessary escorts, and workmen to enable him to visit the
mines situated between the Upper Nile and the Red Sea. lie
determines the geographical position of every town through
which he pisses by a number of astronomical observations.—
(Ibid, Dec. 31.)

VDrAGEs AND TRAVELS.—New Annals of Voyages and
Travels, of History and Geography.—The first part of the
7th volume of this work has just appeared, and contains a
variety of curious and instructive narratives respecting coun-
tries which are little known to us.
RUSSIAN Para.—M. Rebmann, Physician to the Emperor
of Russia, has communicated a fragment of his manuscript
journey through the eastern division of Russia, describing the
Fair of Maliariuf. This fair is to the North of Asia, what
the fair at Leipsic is to Europe, and Tombuctoo for Africa.—
The merchants of Persia, India, Tartary, China, and the
extremity of Siberia, proceed to Makariof to meet those of
Moscow and Petersburgh. Among an assemblage of 150,000
individuals, buyers, and sellers, not a quarter of them are
hahited in the European costume; in every direction, the
rye observes the long floating dresses of the East, or the Si-
berian pelisses, and the ear is struck with the strange sounds
of the Armenian, the Bucharian, and the Turcoman.—
Even the Russians, thought very numerous and cx-

ercising a controut over the transactions of the
fair, mem quite lost among this crowd of Asiatics. We

du not meet with any Jews or English, except as spectators
the former are excluded by the laws, and the latter canna!

rival in activity and dexterity the traders of Moscow. Ar
ticks of every description are brought to this fair, and ar•
ranged in the most ludicrous manner 1 cacheniere shawls,

each worth 8000 rubles, are placed neXt to pieces of sai

cloth ; the finest pearls in the middle of various sorts of
ironmongery ; and the furs of the bear and wolf of Siberia

near the caps and hats of the Valais Royal. French fashioßs
have found their way to Makariof, and even French milli.

ners navel thither from Moscow, where they have established
- - -

iemselves in business.

The manner in which the cachernire shawls are sold is very
curious. After several long parleys between the brokers, the

caclsemi re merchant audtheltussian buyer approach each other,

but at the first offer the seller goes away as if he did not wish
to dispose of his goods. He is stopped and forcibly detained,
and his shawls almost taken from him; he scolds, weeps, and
repeats in a melancholy tone, his original price, and then
wraps himself up in his long robe. This contest is renewed
again and again, at several intervals; and it is only after hav-
ing been in reality ill treated and beaten, that the Indian
submits to put his hand into that of the buyer, a sign that
the bargain is concluded. This interlude is indispensable;

for the Indian trader considers it a point of honour to appear
as if he had been rubbed and cheated; and if his clothes are
not torn, or unless he receives a few blows,lie fancies that
he has managed his business badly.—(Jottrnal des Deliats,
Dec. 26.)

Poirries.—Political Observations on the changes which
ought to be made in the Constitution of the Cortes.-4 pamph-
let with this title has just been published by the Count Lan-
juinais, who maintains that the famous Constitution of the
Cortes contains .several regulations which ought to be imme-
diately abolished or modified. The late Revolution in Naples
induced the Author to write the present Work, in which be
recommends the Neapolitans to effect certain alterations in
the Constitution . recently adopted by them. The principal
defect, be says, in their Constitution, as well as in that of
Spain, is the unity of the Chamber. With one Chamber only
there is no security for the Throne, or even for liberty. The
people, oppress4d •by their representatives, will infallibly
groan under th.atyrannyof many,which is a hundi'a I,lloll6re'
intolerable than the despotism of an individual. There can-
not be any Monarchy, any liberty, or a permanent Constitu-
tion, without an upper Chamber, without a House of Peers,
not elective hot hereditaty, like the Throne which it is re-
quired to uphold and maintain.—(Gasette FrancedDec. 28.)
GEOGRAPHY, VOYAGE 9, AXIS TRAVELS.—We are glad to in-
form our Readers that the Vali Number of
.the Journal of
Voyages and, Travels, and of Modern Discoveries and Naval
Expeditions, 4-c. has made its appearance. It. contains lute-
resting accounts of the most recent Discoveries made by Eng-
lish and Foreign Traveilers.—(.lournal de rants, Dec. 30.)
Mit.frkstv HisTott.y.—General Dumas has just published
the 9th and 10th Volumes of his Summary of Military Events..
These Volumes .narrate the events which occurred in the
years 1903 and 1804, comprehending the disturbances in
Switzerland, the causes which produced the rupture of the
Peace of Amiens, the invasion of Hanover, the military occu-
pation of the kingdom of Naples, and the plan and prepara-
tions for a descent on England.—(Bid, Jain 1.)

Sir W. BEEME Y is painting a beautiful picture
of II EBY, as large as life, on a canvas of consider-
able dimensions, for the next exhibition at the
Royal Academy.

. The Artists in general are at this time actively
employed at their easels, in giving the finishing
'touches to their sexeral works, intended for the
re-opening of the British Gallery iu Pall Mall.