The Sun.
London, England, 1826-08-25 00:00:00

_ . .
tures, to eat and drink as they have been acenetomed to do,
and consume the productions of Great Britain and of the
British Colonies. Thus a direct trade would immediately

be eitablished between the parent country and the .new
settlement, this, according to all political economists,
would be advantageous to both. The greatest advantage,
however, would arise to the -country from riddin& it, by
this means, of a great number of discontented subjects.—
If Charles I. had allowed the bad humour of the Puritans
to evaporatein this manner, and, instead of prohibiting
Cramwell and his associates from sailing
.for North Ame-

rica, had afforded every facility to them, and to all of the
same description, to emigrate, he would, most probably
have died a natural death. We think, therefore, that Mi-

nisters pursue a just and useful policy by encottraging emi-
gration. We would not wish them, however, to encou-
rage it by borrowing money for that purpose, -or by au-
thorising parishes or landholders to mortgage their poor-
rates, or part of their estates, to.get rid of the poor, but
by selecting fit settlements, and by publishing the evidence
of those who are most likely to influence that class of per-
sons who commonly emigrate. The evidence in almost
every initance, of plain, unsophisticated men, is infinitely
more satisfactory than that:of Members of Parliament, or
of writers who have directed their attention to any parti-
cular subject. We should like to see the evidence of the
former much oftener resorted to in inquiries before Com-
mittees. It is not only more entertaining and readable,
but it.comes nearer to experience and truth. Those high
political authorities too often come to the question full of
the ideas of Adam Smith, or Lauderdale, or Tooke, or
Hardeastle. They seldom appear to have acquired any
knowledge from experience; their evidence too often is
gleaned from books and pamphlets ; many of their ideas
are taken front some of the visionaries of the day, and are
of little or no use in deciding any practical question.—
Morning Herald.
The lin6 of policy which England has all along pursued
With regard to Portugal is alike adverse to any undue in-
terference,
,on her own part, in .the internal affairs of that
kingdom, and td the permission of any such interference
on the part of other nations. At the time when. Spain
was about.to be invaded by France, Mr. Secretary Can-
ning wrote to Sir Charles Stuart, to take an opportunity
of obtaining from de Villele some information respect-
ing the nature of the communications.between the French
and the Portuguese Governments. This step was ren-
dered necessary by the situation in which Portugal then
stood, in regard to its internal regulations—which being
of the same nature'as those of Spain, might have afforded
France a similar pretext for interference. M. de Villele
was then perfectly aware of the difference between the
cases of Spain and Portugal, arisingfrom the connexion
of the latter with this .country; and Sir C.
,Stuart, in his
despatch,' dated Paris, December 12, 1822„ stated that
the Duke Mathieu de Montmerency had shown him the
correspondence of the French Ministers with M. de Les-
sops, from which it appeared:that M. Oliveira, the Por-
tuguese Charge d'Affaires at the Court of France, called
upon M. deN,illele in the course of the stunmer, for the
purpose of representing the anxiety to which the assemb-
ling-of a French force on the Pyrenees had given •rise'at
Lisbon, and requesting a fall explanation of the views of
the French Government with regard to Portugal. M. de
Villele assured him that "nothing could warrant any feel-
ing of uneasiness on the part of the Portuguese Govern-
ment; that the distance of that country had not permit-
ted him to contemplate the possible effect which the con-
centration of troops in France could produce upon a na-
.• .
non, with whose institutions or government the French
Ministers could have no deSire to interfere." Such were

the sentiments of M. de Villele at the time when Forth-
gal was, governed by a Constitution similar to thatof Spain
against which the French Government had declared, its
hostility. It 'is not, therefore, at all
.probehle that the
French Ministry will feel any diapositton to easist Spain,
if her Sovereign should feel inclined to bike 'pert With the
Bemposta party in Portugal. In fact the present, casolof
Portugal has no resemblance to that of The Pin,
stitution of Portugal has been conferred upon it by the
free will of the legaimat6 monarch. In the Speech of the
King of France, ,delivered at the opening of the Sessions of
the two Chambers on the 2Ath Jan.lB23,thefoliowingexpres-
sions are used :---";Let Ferdinand VII. be free to give to his
people institutions which they cannot hold but from him,
and which, by seeming their tranquillity, would dissipate
•
the just inquietudes olf;*rances. Hostilities shall cease from
that moment. 1 !mike, gentlemen' before you, a solemn
engagement on 'that point." This language 'evidently im-
plies that the only object, of the French Monarch was to
place Ferdinand in a situatipn to legislate with freedom ;
and it would, therefore, be totally inconsistent with this
principle to do, any thing against institutions established
by a legitimate Sovereign, or in support of the factions,
who have placed themselvee in opposition to their Go-
vernmrpt. With regard "to the supposed attempts of
Spain to countenance the seditious' in Portugal we consi-
der it superfluous to make any reMark, because it is old-
vious that Spain neither can nor dare act without the con-
currence of her neighbour„ The 'Only other aspect in
which the affair may be viewed is in the manner in which
it ,has rather too frequently of late been the practice to view
such questions—as a question affecting, Spain immediately,
and the great Powers of Continental Europe indirectly;
but it is obvious that in this case the principles of the'
Holy Alliance cannot be invoked to "'afford tV Span that
moral support which would give to her proceedings the
whole force of the alliance, and would produce a salutary,
fear into the revolutionist's of all countries ;" because the
efforts of Spain would be in aid of revolutionists, and the
measure would in fact be a departure from `the prineiples
of the alliance, and a direet attack upon legitimaey. Again,
in the case of Spain, military anarchy was complained of--.-
whereas, in the ease of Portugal, Staiiri could only place her
hopes in exciting military anarchy. Not' only would
the principle of interference be recognised if this country
were to admit any such "right as Spain is supported' to
claim; but a direct infringement would be made on the
right of this_ country as the Ally. of Portugal. It:there-
.
fore appears to us extremely wide of the truth to suppose
that any attempt by force will he made against the Por-
tuguese Constitution; nor do we believe that the 'Spanish
Governtrient will persist hi harbouring the Portuguese
maleontents when those representations are. made to it
which thincountry and 'Portugal are entitled to make on
he occasion.—British Press.