The Sun.
London, England, 1826-07-26 00:00:00

CERTIFICATES, Aucurr 15.

Robert Alger, Change-alley, Lodon,tiniber-;erchant--R. B.
Wake, Morton, Lincolnshire, timber-merchant—M. Gunston,
St. James's-walk, Clerkenwell, chemist—W. O. Knight, Ivy-
lane, London, printer—J. Roach, Fordingbridge, Southampton,
linen-deo/ter—R. Ford, Bridgewater, Somersetshire, merchant--
W. Edmonds,. Harrow-road, wheelwright--. 1. Grier, widow,
Bloomsbury-square, 'vender of medicine-..T, Beaumont, Krighley,
Yorkshire, spirit-merchant—lf. Tindall, Birmingham, whar-
finger—J. Reid, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, ship-broker—W. Bry-
don, Cornhill, druggist-.-0. Locking, Kingston-upon-Hull, mer-
chant-4. l'wearlow, Oldham, Lancashire, cotton-spinner—J.
.Rowbotham, Long-lane, Bermondsey, skinner..-J. S. Chard,
Frome Selwood, Somersetshire, tanner.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.

_-- -
F. Theakstone and J. C. Theakstone, Liverpool, druggists....
J. Coulson and J. Brown, Thames-street, merchants--J. Watson
and. A. Wagon, Blackburn, linen-drapers--F. Crate and H.
Crate, Great Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields, painters—C.
Neigh and L. Downs, Bishopsgate Without, dress makers—W.
M'Gaan and J. Muir, St. Clement, Cornwall, drapeni----G. Coates
and Co. Springfield, Essex, traders in deal-.-P. Preston and .L
Hough, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, lace manufacturers—R.
S. Hawke,* and T. Cleghorn, Gateshead, Durham, woollen
drapers—W. Nicholls and J. Ruston, City Canal, shipwrightu-4
Rorke and S. Rogers, Bristol, vinegar makers—W. Kaye and Cam►.
Apaley, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, dyers—T. Whitehurst and Co.
Dudley, Worcestershire.--J. hlansfield and W. Ferguson, Read-
ing, Berkshire, wine merchants—T. Blakeley and I. Blakeley,
Eat Ardsley, Wakefield, merchauts—J. M'Dowall and -M.
M'Kerrow, Wigan, Lancashire, drapers—C. Higgin and Co.
Watling-street, shawl manufacturers---J. Al'Andrew and I). B.
Major, Canterbury, surgrons—P. Goldney and W. Giles, Regent-
street, mercers—W. lion and Co. Bull Wharf, Thames-street,
iron founders—S. Kingsford and E. Kingsford, Wandsworth,
millers_ _R, Kepner and J. Moulton, Congleton, Cheihire, tim-
ber merChants—W. Crees and J. Quick, jun. East Stonehouse,
Devonshire, 'flour merchants--C. Pountney and R. Ransom,
Manchester, warehousemen—W. R. Turner and J. Swayne,
King's Arms Wharf, Waterloo Bridge, Lambeth, coal merchants.

PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS
RELATING TO LIR/MATZO ♦?'RICANS LOCATRD IN VIZ COLONY

or SIERRA LEONE.

Copy of a Despatch from Major-General Turner, GoveD.-
nor of Sierra Leone, to Earl Bathurst, on the subject of
the ," Liberated Africans' Department" in that colony.
SIERRA LEONE, JAN. 25.
My Lord,—Amongst the many objects which in this
colony lay claim to my attention, there are very few which
require to be considered more than that which is called
the. " Liberated African Department." However ade-
quate the arrangements might have been to the early state
of this establishment, it is very, evident that they have not
been so for some time past, and equally evident that, from
the numbers of captured slaves brought into the colony,
they become every day less so. There have been more
than 20,000 slaves landed in this colony, and during the
last year upwards of 2,400 have been emancipated.
Should the trade in slaves continue to increase in the man-
ner in which it has done for the last two years,' there is no
doubt, from. the activity of our cruisers, but the number
brought in here will increase also, and will very shortly
become a very large and unwieldly mass of people; indeed,
they are so already : and it becomes a matter of very seri-
ous consideration how they are to be disposed of, or how
they are to maintain themselves. I.lnder the arrangements
hitherto prevailing, they have been distributed amongst
the villages, where they have been for years supported in
idleness by the Government ;. but the villages and the
poor land of the mountains where they are situated, already
begin to refuse to them a scanty subsistence, and they
have begun to wander in search of better soil and easier
sustenance; and the evident tendency of this is, that they
will retrograde in the woods, into a state of nature and
barbarism, or become vagrants about Freetown and the
more populous villages. 1, in some degree, meet this evil
at present, by employing them on the public works, carry,
ing bricks and other materials, giving them food, lodging,
and some clothing, at the public expense; and I have
given them in mall numbers, and under registry, to re-
spectable people to cultivate land and for domestic pur-
poses. And it is found that under this system of putting
them to easy and regular labour, such as they have been
used to on their landing from the slave-ships, that they
become very orderly good labourers; but in the eases
where they have been located in the villages, and have re-
ceived.gratuitous maintenance, they can with difficulty be
induced, to give a day's labour even for good wages. The
expense of this establishment has been •,very great t I be-
lieve that the regulations under which I have reduced it
during ,the list year, to the amount shown in the aecom
paying schedule of five years, may be safely persevered
in, and a still greater reduction made ; but as the whole
system is defective, I cannot persuade myself that I can
do more than:to alleviate the evil. It would but lead to
disappointment to imagine, that a large mass otpoor igno.
rant people, without capital, skill, or industry, could be
brought to maintain themselves, and to raise articles of
export, without the assistance of labour wages: could

such a system succeed even in England, the poor-rates
might soon be abolished.
There are twelve villages _established for the purpose
Of civilizing, instructing, and keeping together these
people, and with establishments apparently very suitable,
although practically very inefficient ; a clergyman, a
schoolmaster, and a superintendent to
.each village, has
the appearance of meeting every possible purpose, but
unfortunately the untowardness of the climate, the prlV.a-
-tions, fatigues, and uncongeniality of the situations with
the former habits of the people who bold them, and the
absence of perional interest or hope of progressive ad-
vancement, soon cause a decrease of numbers. At pre-
sent there are in the colony but one church missionary
(Mr. Raban), and three Lutheran clergymen, five school-
masters, and four superintendents. Amongst these there
is not one person who has the slightest knowledge of agri-
culture, nor-can I learn that there ever has been any per-
son employed in the colony who had any acquaintance
either with European or Tropical agriculture. Under
such disadvantages, it is not to be wondered that culti-
vation has not made much progress. Should it meet your
Lordship's approbation that twelve superintendent* from
the West India islands, where cotton and coffee cultiva-
tion is best understood, men of colmir, with an assistant
or overseer to each, should be brought to this colony for
the purpose of instructing these liberated Africans, and
for superintending such plantations, as would not fail, under
such facilities, to be formed here by capitalists, I am satis-
fied, that under such an arrangement, more would be done
for the permanent improvement of the colony and the con -
dition of these people, in a few years, than is to be ex-
pected under the present system in half a century. Euro-
peans cannot accomplish such objects here, and there are
no native people capable of conducting such matters.
The measure would not be attended with much ex-
pence—merely the conveying of those people here, to-
gether with a quantity of the best Sea Island cotton-seed
to begin with. Coffee we have in abundance, indigenous,
and of the finest quality ; and every merchant in the
place, besides capitalists in London, with whom I am ac-
quainted, are ready to establish plantations, if superintend-
ents or overseers could be found. Should your Lordship
be pleased to see in this plan any thing deserving your
attention, the best way would be, perhaps, to direct the
governors of some of the West India Islands to select and
engage, at suitable salaries, coloured men Of the above de-
scription, and a conveyance to be ordered for them here ;
and I feel quite satisfied that a large saving of public
money would speedily follow, and much confusion be
avoided, as well as embarrassment. The population would
they get into a state similar to those of other countries—
capital would diffuse its wholesome benefits-.-labour, in-
dustry, and skill, would bs sure to be rewarded.

I 'must also respectfully submit for your Lordship's con-
sideration, the very inadequate provision which is made
for.controling the expenses of this establishment; I am
obliged to approve, sign, and become responsible for all
expenditures on account of these people, and it is quite
impossible that I can examine into these matters, which
are very voluminous. I happen to have very good health
and some acquaintance with business, but I cannot ex-
pect, in such a climate as this, to be able long to conti-
nue such labours; those about me have all suffered, and
have lost their services. The superintendent of this de-
partment should be one of the first men in the colony, in
point of salary, intelligence, and integrity. Your Lord-
, ship will perceive by the annexed account, that even with
the little time which I have been able to devote to it, I
hive accomplished a saving of one-half upon the average
of five years, or upwards of 17,000/. a year upon the
money alone issued here,
.without reference to the stores
from England, although the puMbers in the colony must
he'greater than in any former year, as 2,400 new negroes
were landed from the slave-ships during the year, a nuth-
ber far exceeding any of the years quoted. Your Lord-
ship will also perceive that I have reduced the number
receiving rations one half; and am happy to say, that
that the proper authorities report to me that the colony
was never known to be so orderly, tranquil, and industri-
ous, as at present.

The saving of the one year would touch more than
meet the expense of the plan which I have had the honour
to submit to your Lordship, and which I will pledge
myself to make eminently successful, I feel greatly
anxious about the responsibility of my being cons►dered
public accountant to this department, from which I derive
no advantage. I hope that your Lordship will be pleased
to overlook any thing in this statement which may appear
careless, as I have much to do, with little assistance.
I have, Sir, &c.
(Signed) CHARLES TURNER, Governer.
The Earl Bathurst, K. G., &c.

I teturn showing the total amount of Cash drawn each year, and
expended on account of Liberated Africans in the Colony of
Sierra Leone, from Ist January, '15)1, to 31st December, 1525.
8. d.
Ist January to 31st December, 1821
Ist Ditto 3lst Ditto lan ........ ............... 36,260 1 9
Ist;Ditto 31st Ditto 1823 40,1107 4 9
Ist Ditto 31st Ditto 1824
Ist Ditto 31st Ditto MIS 17;071 0 3%
(Sived) THOMAS COLE, Chief t3uperintendent
Sierra Leone, Jan. 26, HQ& of Liberated Africans,

Return showing the Number of Liberated Africans receiving sup-
port from Goierument, on the let of January in each Year,
from 1822.
ht of January, 11392, total number ofperitons receiving rations 2.175
Ist Ditto IRA ditto, ditto ........ .... ........... .......... ......... 11,4111
Ist Ditto Pr2-I, ditto, ditto 5,5.19
Ist Ditto 11325, ditto, ditto 4,273
itt Ditto IS2(, ditto. ditto 2731
(Signed) THOMAS COLE, Chief Superintendent
Sierra Leone, Jan. 26, 1826. of Liberated Africans.

In 1824 there were drunk in Paris 5,100,000 hot-
otlieesnofbywi7noeomo,orane
dthansheienpthbeyp2reoc,eo(oliOng, cyoenarsUanmedd Im.
ore
t
is therefore concluded that the population had increased
by 9,000, and it is ascertained that to the number of
bakers (560) had been added 40 more.
Tun PLAIN of Jrfticßo.—The traveller Brorelii,
in going from the Dead Sea to Jerusalem, took Jericho
in his way. With respect to the apple of Sodom,
whose outward form and beautiful appearance allures
the eye, and deceives him who thinks to enJoy it, con-
taining within nothing but a light dusty substance, he
believes that Halbequist has erroneously taken it for
the fruit of the Salmon Melongena, which our tra-
veller found no where near Jericho, but only th $"-
al num Sanctum. He himself conceives the apple of
gall-nut, which is raised by the stings of insects upon
I Sodom to he nothing else than the hiadder-termed
the Pistada Terebinthus. He remarked, that no
where has Flora undergone greater clang," t,han in the
ok%
Plain of Jericho. The valuable shrub w
balsam has disappeared : of the ee e
tin gave the
ted rose of Je.
rich° no vestin is left: of the numberless palm-etrees,
jorivilo was called t e City of
oil account off` win
a single representative in
fig-tree of which St.
The whole broad Plain is now a naked
LraPaluirinsiiiio:iltelamiderone ree
inizikn
fobiruythat
desert waste, which stretches from the mountains of
Judah to the banks of the Jordan.—Nuov. Gior. de
Letterati.