The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-31 00:00:00

THE SVN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 31, 1844,.

third ground of our hope is the character of
the statesmen who form the Administratiob. They
are a united Cabinet; they have long toiled together;
they have battled and they have won ; they have en-
dured no shameful defeats ; and they each stand per-
sonally high. While all have been victorious, each
has had his individual triumphs. Marshal Soult is a
great administrator ; by his hands the army has been
re-organised. Of M. Guizot less may be said than of
another man, for his fame is European. M. Duchatel,
the Minister of the Interior, is distinguished for the
solidity if his understanding, and is every day rising
in debating qualities. M. de Villemain is an accom-
plished debater of the very first class ; upon him has
devolved the delicate task of upholding the independ-
ence of the University, without lessening the just
authority of the clergy in the eyes of the people. The
Minister of Finance, the Minister of Public Works, and
the Minister of Justice, have severally distinguished
themselves in their departments. To such men the Op-
position have none of any weight to oppose, but theH
the Opposition are split into factious sections, soldered
together for the moment, and for a temporary pur-
pose, while the Cabinet are united heart and hand.
It was owing to this conscious inferiority of talent,
to the impossibility of finding a man capable of
combatting M. Guizot, that they resorted last
session to the disgraceful attempt to cry him
down, and only afforded their mighty antagonist
an occasion for covering himself with fresh glory,
as a man whose courage was equal to his unrivalled
oratory. Thus, whether we look to the mission of the
Cabinet, that mission of peace and civilisation to
which the King has attached the glory of his reign,
or take a retrospective view of the struggles and
triumphs of the administration ; or look at the men
themselves, individually or as a Government; or
rather when we take in the whole combination, no
matter how rapidly or crudely, we are forced to the
irresistible conclusion that the French cabinet gives
more evidence of stability, with power to carry out
its views, than it did at any period during the four
previous years of its honourable existence.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
GUILDHALL. _

Yesterday James Murdock was charged with utter-
ing a forged bill of exchange, purporting to be ac-
cepted by a Mr. Barbour, of Manchester. He had
surrendered himself on Saturday at the office of the
Police Commissioner, in the Old Jewry, confessing
that he had committed forgeries to the extent of 4001.
on the National Provincial Bank. His manner
seemed to indicate derangement, and it was ex-
pected his self-accusation would turn out to be moon-
shine ; but the letter written to the police of Man-
chester brought Inspector Buckley to town yesterdal
morning, armed with a warrant for the prisoner s
apprehension.
Sir C. MARSHALL asked the inspector if he could
identify the prisoner as the individual named in the
warrant ? The inspector said he could not.
The prisoner admitted he was the person.
Sir C. MARSHALL thought the better course was to
send the prisoner to Manchester for examination, and
delivered him to the officer. _ _ _

Mr. Richards, a carpenter, complained of a breach
of faith on the part of Mrs. Parkes, in respect to her
recent lottery for paintings. He said he was the
purchaser of two ticliets in the lottery, one of which
he presented to his 4aughter, who attended the draw-
ing, and heard he number drawn a prize of 1001.
Upon applying fof it the same day, ha was told no
person could be admitted, but an authorised list of
prizes was being printed. He went next day and saw
a printed list, in which his number was omitted. He
then peremptorily demanded to see the check-book in
which the prizes had been taken down at the moment
of drawing, as under the state lottery system the
Government always allowed this satisfaction to
ticket-holders. He was told it could not be shown
to him, but he had an indirect message from Mrs.
Parkes that three 1001. prizes had been omitted (and
inferior prizes substituted), and his number was pos-
sibly one of those. After several attendances he was
laughed at by the secretary, who told him he was
labouring under the mistake that the number of the
picture 249 was the number of the ticket, and he was
at liberty to inspect the books. As a week had passed
over, it was useless to refer to the book then, and the
applicant wished the Alderman to take up the matter
as a public grievance. The lottery was to consist of
14,000 tickets, and 2,100 prizes. He wanted to know
why three of the prizes had been subtracted in the
distribution ?
Sir C. MARSHALL asked if the young lady had the
ticket with her when she attended the drawing ?

Mr. Richards said she had.

Sir C. MARSHALL said the case had occurred out
of the City, and, therefore, he could have no juris-
diction' but he had no objection to state his view.—
that if Mrs. Parkes invited the ticket-holders to be
present at the drawing, and a prize was drawn against
a number, which prize through some mistake could
not be found, Mrs. Parkes was bound to make good
the loss to the purchaser of the ticket. If not, the
lottery would be altogether a delusion. It was not,
however, a case in which he could interfere.
BOW-STI?EET.

Yesterday Inspector Barton, of the G division of
police, was charged by Lord Ranelagh with having
violently assaulting him, in the Strand, on Monday
afternoon. The case occupied much time, but may
be stated in a short compass.
Lord Ranelagh said that he was walking with Sir
Thomas Hare towards Charing•cross at about two
o'clock, shortly after the police had received instruc-
tions to clear the carriage-way for the return of her
Majesty from the Royal Exchange, when two con-
stables came up to him and ordered him and his
friend to get on the pavement, at the same time
pushing them in a rude manner. He remonstrated
with them, upon which the defendant walked up to
him from the other side of the road, and, without
making any inquiry relative to the dispute, pushed
him with great violence on to the kerbstone. lie (Lord
Ranelagh) then endeavoured to strike the defendant,
who immediately seized him by the neckcloth, and
addressed him in so excited a manner as to convince
his Lordship that he had no sort of control over either
his language or his conduct, and was therefore a very
unfit person to be a police officer.
His Lordship called Sir T. Hare, who gave some
corroborative evidence, and expressed an opinion that
the defendant used an unwarrantable degree of vio-
lence on the occasion.
Rupert Richbell, who did not see the commence-
ment of the altercation, heard the inspector demand-
ing his Lordship's card. Lord Ranelagh was then
walking from the middle of the road (which had been
cleared) towards the pavement, followed by the de-
fendant and several other policemen. His Lordship
complained of his not being able to pass along without
the interference of the police, and declared that, hav-
ing been insulted, he would force his way across in
spite of them. The defendant appeared to be having
hold of his Lordship's coat; he had a staff in the
other hand.
The defendant's solicitor commented briefly upon
the foregoing statements, and examined the follow-
ing witnesses, who were kept out of Court until called
upon.
No. 65, G division, said he saw the complainant
and his friend walking in the road after it had been
cleared. Heard defendant call and tell them to go
out of the carriage-way ; he spoke in civil terms to
them. They made no reply, but attempted to force
their way past defendant, who stood before them and
resisted thein, having previously repeated his former
request. Lord Ranehigh raised his arm, and struck
a violent blow at the inspector with his closed fist,
afterwards raising his umbrella with the other hand,
and exclaiming, " You vagabond, don't stop me," or
words to that effect. Defendant evaded the blow,
and, taking Lord Ranelagh by the arm, forced him
upon the pavement. His Lordship then demanded
the inspector's name and number, of which he made
a memorandum. In reply to defendant's application
for his Lordship's card, he said, " Card be d—d," and
walked away.
Police-constab!es G 197, G 137, and G 106, and
Inspector Shackell, all denied most positively the as-
sertion of his Lordship that the defendant seized him
by the neckcloth, or used any unnecessary violence.
They stated that the blow which Lord Ranelagh
aimed at defendant was received by a by-stander,
whose mouth bled profusely in consequence.. The
road had been effectually cleared, his Lordship and
Sir Thomas Hare being the only persons out of the
line on either side. All the witnesses said that the
Noble Lord was very refractory, and declared " that
he was always 'being annoyed by the d—.d police."
Mr. TWITORD said, looking at the contrariety of
statements which had been made, it was difficult to

decide what were the facts of the case ; but, even
were it admitted that the assault complained of by his
Lordship actually took place, after what had uccurred,
upon his own showing, he hardly knew that he could
blame the inspector (who had received'strict orders to
keep the road clear) for his share in the transaction.
It appeared to him that the only respect in which the
defendant neglected hia duty, was in not taking the
Noble Lord into custody; and therefore he thought
he must dismiss the case.
Thomas Jones, who had been nearly four, years
confidential clerk and collector to Mr. Bohn, book-
seller, of York-street, Covent-garden, was committed
on six charges of embezzlement, preferred by his late
master.

MARY LEBON E.
Yesterday Captain. Charles Irvine, R.N., who is
upwards of seventy years of age, was brought up on a
warrant to answer the charge of having written and
sent a letter to Edward Walter Forester Walker, a
Captain in the Scots Fusileer Guards, with intent to
induce him to fight a duel with him.
Captain Walker, handed in the letter containing a
Callpitaini'lrelt
challenger to fight with swords, when
eafte(wrhoheadhmaidt t
epde rtuhsaetd.
thet he
writing same,askedw a
was
his) what he had to say ?
this to say, Sir, that ; called •
Captain Irvine—l have
on Captain Walker to

meet me in Belgium, and under these circumstances I
submit, that no breach of the peace having been con-
templated in this country, there is nothing of which
you can take cognizance.
Mr. LONG —This letter clearly contains a chal-
lenge to Captain Walker, and it is my duty to do all
in my power to prevent this duel from taking place.
Captain Irvine—As I before observed, Sir, I wished
Captain Walker to meet me in Belgium. I had no
intention whatever of committing a breach of the peace
in this country.
Mr. LONG—I must take care that you do not.
Captain Irvine—l ought to have brought Captain
Walker here instead of his bringing me before you;
he has abused me in the grossest terms.
. .

Mr. LONG—I shall require you to find bail to keep
the peace, yourself in 2001., and two sureties in 1001.
each.

Captain Walker read extracts from other letters
addressed to him and Captain Hamilton (also of the
Fusilier Guards), and the magistrate perused some
of the epistles ; they were penned by Captain Irvine,
who upon more than one occasion had challenged the
above-named military gentlemen to light him with
swords. In one of the letters were these words :
"I'll cut you in pieces, or you shall me." The letter
was (said Captain Walker) a most extraordinary pro-
duction.

It appeared Captain Hamilton was in the first in-
stance challenged by Captain Irvine to fight him at
Ostend. Captain Walker, in consequence of the
extreme age of Captain Irvine, and taking the cir-
cumstances of the case altogether into consideration,
advised his friend to decline the " honour" of being
" cut into pieces" abroad, and hence arose the chal-
lenge to himself for his interference in the matter.
Mr. LONG (to Captain Irvine)—l shall alter my
former decision, and call upon you and your sureties
for double the amount of bail which I had before
fixed upon.
Captain Irvine—A most gross attempt has been
made to swindle me out of 4001. Captain Walker
and Captain Hamilton have both virtually challenged
me to fight, and they can't deny the fact.
Captain Walker—l do deny it.
Captain Irvine (to Mr. Long)—May I ask you,
Sir, what has induced you to double the bail ?
ill.. LONG—I have doubled it, believing that your
circumstances are such as to warrant my doing so. If
you are really disposed to keep the peace, the sum in
which you and your friends are bound over can be of
no importance.
Captain Irvine—For what period am I to be
bound, Sir ?
Mr. LONG—For twelve months.

Captain Irvine (after some little hesitation)—Very
well.—The required recognisances were then entered
into for Captain Irvine keeping the peace towards all
her Majesty's subjects, but more particularly towards
Captain Walker and Captain Hamilton, for the next
twelve months.

The sureties were Major Charles Walker, of Lea-
mington House, near Ipswich, and a barrister named
Hawkins, of Lincoln's Inn_

Q UEEN-SQ UA RE.

Yesterday a very respectable-looking man, in busi-
ness as a dairyman, was charged on suspicion of
stealing a watch from a person who had met the pri-
soner and four or five other acquaintances on the pre-
vious evening at a skittle-ground, and had not been
there many minutes before he fell asleep. When he
awoke he discovered that his watch had been stolen
from his pocket. As the only reason assigned for sus-
pecting the prisoner and giving him into custody was
that he had endeavoured to rouse the prosecutor to
give him some drink, and had left the company before
the watch was missed, and as a respectable trades-
man stated that the accused was a very honest well-
conducted man,

Mr. BOND said that there was not the least ground
for suspecting the prisoner more than any other of
the party, and immediately discharged him.
A general dealer, residing at 26, Little Chapel-
street, having been recently fined 10s., at the instance
of the police, for exposing goods in the front of his
premises, so as to obstruct the footway, he complained
of being singled out when others were permitted to
violate the law without being at all interfered with,
and took a summons against his next door neighbour
for a similar offence.

Mr. BOND inflicted the penalty of 103.
Defendant thought it very hard, and said it was al

.
spite.
Mr. BOND observed that the public were much in-
convenienced by goods being exposed on the foot and
carriage-way.
LAMBETH-STREET.

Some weeks since a number of wretched-looking
objects applied at this court for intercession to obtain
for them the amount of gratuities due to them from
the Spanish Government, or such other relief as would
protect or remove them from the state of wretched-
ness into which they were plunged by withholding
the pensions and gratuities due to them. The state-
ment made by the applicants was such as was calcu-
lated to awaken the deepest sympathy, but from the
numerous communications which hare since reached
Mr. Henry it is quite clear that some of them, at
least, do not deserve all that sympathy which was at
first awakened. Amongst other communications re-
ceived by Mr. Henry was one from an officer in the
Spanish Legion, who appeared to be intimately ac-
quainted with the whole merits of the case, and who
commenced his letter as follows :--
" Sir,—l regret to perceive by an account in the news-
papers that your sympathy and the public charity have
been imposed on by a scamp of the name of M'Cormack,
formerly in the Spanish service."
The communication went on to state that the man
M'Cormack (who had been spokesman on the occa-
sion alluded to, and to whom a benevolent individual
had since sent 10s.)was undeserving of the slightest
sympathy. A communication was also received from
Senor Castaneda, the commissioner for the settlement
of the claims of the Spanish Legion, from which it
appeared that the case of M'Cormack had undergone
the most strict and impartial investigation, and that,
so far from his having cause to complain, he had been
most liberally treated.
William Duvall, the second mate on board the
Prince Oscar brig, who has been remanded for some
weeks on a charge of gouging and forcing out one of
the eyes of his captain with his thumb, and also in-
flicting other injuries on his person, was brought up
for final examination.
The following letter received by the chief clerk
from: Captain Lawson, dated " South Shields, Oct.
26," was read :
" I must acknowledge Mr. Henry's kindness in not
enforcing my appearance at the sessions, as it would be
attended pith considerable pecuniary loss to me as well
as inconvenience ; and, considering the way I am situate,
it would be inflicting a greater punishment on me than
a longer imprisonment would on the prisoner Duvall ;
and as I trust in the course of a week to be able to pro-
ceed on my intended voyage, I must, with many thanks
to Mr. Henry for his endeavour to give the prisoner a
just punishment for his offence, be content with the
punishment that is in Mr. Henry's power to inflict upon
him."

Mr. HENRY expressed the strongest reluctance to
part with the prisoner until he took his trial, and was
adequately punished for his ruffianly conduct; but
feeling that by compelling Captain Lawson to come
to town to prosecute when he was on the point of
sailing with his vessel, he wuuld be, as the captain
himself expressed it, subjecting him to considerable
pecuniary loss—in fact, adding something like injus-
tice to injury—he should not insist upon his attend-
ance, but should hold the prisoner to bail for six
months, so that captain Lawson, on his return from
Alexandria, might have an opportunity of indicting,
and prosecuting him for the serious injury he had in-
flicted upon him. The prisoner was ordered to find
two sureties in 401. each for six months.
TfIA.IIES POLICE.

On Tuesday a man named King was charged
with breaking sixteen panes of glass in a public-
house, kept by Mr. Abbott, and was fined 405., the
value of the glass. As the demolition of the windows
still went on, Mr. Abbott set two constables to
watch :the premises. It was soon discovered that
some person in the house was also a party to the de-
molition, as the broken glass in the latter instances
had fallen outward. Suspicion lighted on the pot-
boy, and he was seen by a constable to break three
squares of glass with a piece of coal, and when ar-
rested a stone was found in his pocket.
The prisoner denied that he had broken any of the
glass. He was on good terms with his master, who
had not given him notice to leave, and there was
nothing to instigate him to the act. lle was himself
struck in the eye by one of the stones, which had
been thrown from the street, and the stone found in
his pocket was the one which struck him, and which
his master must admit he (the prisoner) had been de-
sired to keep.
Mr. Abbott admitted such to be the fact, but said
he had every reason to believe that the boy was
connected with the party who broke the windows
from without.
Mr. BALLANTINE said if the windows had been
broken in this instance from without he would have
inflicted a heavy penalty, but, as it stood, it was a
case of wilful damage, and the law only allowed him
to impose the amount of the damage. The prisoner
must therefore pay 35., or go to gaol for seven days.
The fine was immediately paid.
Captain Macdonald, master, and Andrew Gray, a
steward, of the Isabella Watson, from Calcutta, were
charged on Custom-house informations with being
concerned in the-" un shipping and carrying and con-
veying" of three quarts and one pint of brandy, and
seven pounds of cigars, by which they had incurred
penalties of 1001. each.
Mr. Pelham applied for a po3tponement of the case
until this day, that he might apply to the Board of
Customs for a mitigation of the penalty, the goods
having been inadvertently unshipped by the parties.
Mr. Potbury, clerk to the Solicitor of Customs,
offered no opposition on the part of the Crown.
Mr. BALLANTINB ordered each defendant to enter
into sureties, himself in 601. and two sureties of 30/.
each, for their appearance tbis day.

The report of Inspector White (of the Thames-
police) was, that after sunset he saw a cart and horse
come out of Wigrana's ship-yard, at Llack wall, the
defendant Gray being in his company. "White asked
Gray where he was going to convey the contents of
the cart, and he replied "To the captain's house,"
and that he had just left the Isabella Watson in the
dock. As White had received certain information
that there was a good deal of contraband property in the
cart, he seized the whole of the goods, which con-
sisted of the cigars and brandy mentioned in the
information • a box of jewellery worth 2001., a por-
tion of which is of foreign manufacture, and liable to
duty ; a dozen of champagne, 12 bottles of eau de
Cologne, sugar, tea, and other articles liable to duty,
and a quantity of furniture, the whole of which was
seized by the inspector, and conveyed to the Queen's
warehouse, where the confiscation of the whole or
part of the property awaits the decision of the Com-
missioners of Customs. When the inspector stopped
the cart, Gray said the captain was close behind, and
White looked for him, but could not find him. He
afterwards saw Captain Macdonald in his own house,
and informed him of the seizure. The captain said it
was A 'bad job, and asked White if it could he
settled without an exposure. White said it could
not, and arrested him on the part of the Crown. The
va!ue of all the goods seized is about 350/.

assessed the property, and had instructed him to en-
force payment of the rates.

Lord SYDNEY inquired of Mrs. Bryant what
wages her husband was earning at the present time ?
She replied that he had been out of work a good
while, but had now got a job, and he was earning
2s, a day.

The I.3ENcu said the rate aild the expenses must
be paid. _ _

Mrs. Bryant said she was ready to pay the two
shillings for the rate, but she considered it very hard
to be compelled to pay three shillings for expenses.
Lord SYDNEY, having consulted with his brother
magistrates, said it was her own fault there were any
expenses. The rate and the costs must pe paid in a
week, or else there would be a distress warrant.

The poor woman left the court declaring that she
could not pay the amount, and their goods must be
taken.

A woman named Parker then appeared on behalf
of her husband, to show cause why she had neglected
to pay 3s. 6d., the amount of two poor-rates. The
parties, it appeared, occupied a house, for which they
paid 4/. a year rent.

Mrs. Parker said that when she and her husband
took possession of the house they were not aware they
should have to pay the poor-rates. The collector had
put a rate- paper in at the window when she was out,
but he never made any application to her for the
amount, or gave her any explanation, but he sum-
moned her without any notice.
Lord SYDNEY said it was not necessary for a col-
lector to give any notice. Persons who occupied
houses must be aware they would have to pay the
poor-rates. _ _ _

The collector said that he applied to Mrs. Bryant
for the rates, and she told him she could not pay them.
He then said that if the vestry would excuse her hus-
band, it was all very well ; but if they did not, he
must enforce the payment.
Mrs. Parker said the money would have been paid
if application had been made for it; but, instead of
this being done, she was summoned and put b addi-
tional expense ; and she thought it very hard that
poor people should be served in such a manner.
The BENCH then ordered that the rate, 3s. 6d., and
the costs, which, in this case, amounted to ss. 2d.,
should be paid in a week, or that a distress warrant
should issue.

THE SPANISH REFORM BILL.
CHAPTER 1.-OF SPANIARDS.
Art. 1. Are Spaniards--all persons born within the
Spanish dominions ; children of either Spanish father
or mother, if even born out of Spain ; foreigners who
shall have obtained letters of naturalisation, or who
have obtained rights of citizenship, or shall have esta-
blished their domicile in any town or city in Spain.
The quality of Spaniard is lost by naturalisation in a
foreign country, or by taking employment in any fo-
reign service without permission from the Sovereign.
Art. 2. All Spaniards may print and publish their
opinions with previous censorship, if in conformity
with the laws.
Art. 3. Every Spaniard has a right to petition the
Cortes and the Sovereign.
Art. 4. The same code of laws shall exist and be in
force throughout all the Monarchy.
Art. 5. Every Spaniard is eligible to public em-
ployments according to their merits and capacity.
Art. 6. Every Spaniard is bound to defend his
country in arms,when duly called upon by the law, and
should contribute according to his fortune to the exi-
gencies of the State.
Art. 7. No Spaniard can be arrested or imprisoned,
or taken from his dwelling, or his house searched,
but in the regular form and manner established by
the law.
Art. 8. Should circumstances require the tempo-
rary suspension of the preceding article, it must be
ordered by a law.
Art. 9. No Spaniard can be tried or condemned,
but before a competent tribunal, and by the forms
prescribed by the law.
Art. 10. No confiscation 'of property shall take
place ; no Spaniard shall be deprived of his property,
except for well justified public utility, and after hav-
ing received a fair indemnity.
Art. 11. The religion of the Spanish people is the
Roman Catholic Apostolic. The State takes upon
itself to support public worship and its ministers.
CHAPTER 11.-OF THE CORTES.
Art.l2. The power to make laws is vested in the
Cortes, with the Sovereign.
Art 13. The Cortes is composed of two legislative
bodies, equal in power-the Senate and the Chamber
of Deputies.
CHAPTER THE SENATE.
Art. 14. The number of senators shall be unlimited
-the nomination is with the Sovereign.
Art. 15 and 16. No person shall be eligible to be
senators but Spaniards, who, besides having attained
the age of 30 years, shall belong to one of the follow-
ing classes, viz. :-Presidents of legislative bodies,
senators or deputies who have been so three times, and
who possess besides a revenue of 30,000 reals in landed
property, or official situations of which they cannot
be deprived without an inquiry, or retiring pensions.
The Ministers of the Crown, councillors of state,
archbishops, bishops, grandees of Spain, captains ge-
neral of the army or navy, ambassadors, ministers
plenipotentiary, presidents of supreme tribunals,
judges or King's procurator of the said tribunals,
grandees of Castile, possessing a revenue of 60,000
reels, persons who pay annually more than 8,000 reals
of taxes, and who have been senators, deputies, or al-
caldies of localities of a population of 30,000 souls,
and persons who have rendered signal services. The
conditons necessary to be named senator may be mo-
dified by a special law.
Art. 17. The function of senator is for life.
At. 18. The Sons of the Sovereign, and the imme-
diate heir to the Crown, are senators at the age of 25
years.
Art. 19. The Senate, independently of its legisla-
tive functions, shall exercise judicial functions :-Ist.
When it shall have to try Ministers in virtue of an
act of accusation by the Chamber of Deputies. 2d.
When it shall have to take cognisance of offences
against the person or dignity of the Sovereign, or the
safety of the State. 3d. When it shall try its own
members.
CHAPTER IV.-OF THE CHAMBER OP DEPUTIES.
Art. 20. Each providde shall appoint one deputy at
least for each 50,000 souls of population.
Art. 21. Deputies shall be elected directly, and
may be re-elected indefinitely.
Art. 22. To be deputy it is necessary to be a Spa-
niard, belonging to the secular state, to be 25 years of
age, and otherwise qualified according to the elec-
toral law.
Art. 23. Every Spaniard united in these conditions
may be named deputy for any province.
Art. 24. Deputies shall be elected for five years.
Art. 25. The Cortes shall assemble every year. It
belongs to the Sovereign to convoke, prorogue, or
dissolve the Chamber of Deputies ; but under the
necessity to convoke a new Cortes within the space
of three months.
Art. 26. The Cortes shall be expressly convoked
when the throne shall become vacant, or when the
Sovereign from any cause shall be unable to govern.
Art. 27. Each of the Chambers shall draw up its
own rules and regulations for its own internal govern-
ment; the Cortes shall inquire into the legality of
the elections, and the qualifications of the persons
composing it.
Art. 28. The Chamber of Deputies shall name its
president, vice-presidents, and secretaries.
Art. 29. The Sovereign shall name the presidents
and vice-presidents of the Senate ; the Senate itself
shall choose its secretaries.
Art. 30. The Sovereign shall open and close the
Cortes, either in person or by the ministers.
Art. 3L One of the legislative bodies shall not be
convoked without the other, except in the case of the
Senate having to exercise its judicial functions.
Art. 32. The legislative bodies cannot deliberate in
common, nor under the eyes of the Sovereign.
Art. 33. The sittings of the Senate and the Cham-
ber of Deputies shall be public ; no sittings can be
secret except under peculiar circumstances.
Art. 34. The Sovereign and each of the Chambers
may take the initiative with laws.
Art. 35. Resolutions will be adopted by an absolute
majority of votes : but in order to vote laws it is ne-
cessary that at least half the number of the Chamber
be present.
Art. 36. If a Bill be refused sanction by the Sove-
reign, no other Bill of a similar nature can be brought
forward.
Art. 37. In addition to the legislative powers exer-
cised by the Cortes conjointly with the Sovereign, the
following powers shall belong to them :-Ist. To
receive from the Sovereign, from the immediate suc-
cessor to the throne, and from the Regent of the
kingdom, the oath to observe the Constitution and
the laws. 2d. To decide on any doubtful point, either
in fact or law, which may occur with regard to the
succession to the throne. 3d. To elect the Regent of
the kingdom, and to name a guardian to the Sovereign
minor, according to the Constitution. 4th. To render
effective the responsibility of the Ministers, who will
be indicted by the Chamber of Deputies and tried by
the Senate.
Art. 38. The Senators and Deputies are inviolable
with regard to their votes in the exercise of their
functions.
Art. 39. Senators and Deputies cannot be prose-
cuted or arrested during the sessions of the Chambers,
without permission of their respective bodies, except
when taken in flagrante delicto, but in this case they
may be arrested after the closing of the Cortes.
Art. 40. Deputies accepting public places or ap-
pointments must be re-elected.
CHAPTER VI.-OP THE SOVEREIGN.
Art. 41. The parson of the Sovereign is sacred and
inviolable, and cannot be subject to any responsibi-
lity. The Ministers are responsible.
Art. 42. The power of executing the laws is vested
in the Sovereign, according to the terms of the Consti-
Uttiop and the laws,

Art. 43. The Sovereign sanctions and promulgates
laws. ,

Art. 44. Besides the prerogatives attributed to the
Sovereign by the Constitution, there shall belong to
him :-1. To publish decrees for the execution of the
laws. 2. To provide for the due execution of justice.
3. To punish offenders according to the laws. 4. To
declare war and ratify treaties of peace, rendering an
account thereof to the Cortes. 5. To dispose of the
army according as their services are required. 6. To
direct diplomatic and commercial relations with other
Powers. 7. To regulate the coinage, on which his
effigy and name shall appear. 8. To direct the pay-
ment of funds, destined for each branch of the public
service. 9. To name public functionaries, and gives
titles and distinctions. 10. To appoint and dismiss
the Alinisters.

Art. 45. The Sovereign must be authorised by a
special law to (ID any of the following acts :—To yield
up or exchange any portion of the Spanish territory ;
to receive foreign troops in the kingdom; to ratify
treaties of foreign alliance, special treaties of com-
merce, grant subsidies to foreign Powers, quit the
kingdom, abdicate the Crown in favour of the imme-
diate successor.

Art. 46. The Sovereign, before contracting mar-
riage, shall apprise the Cortes, to whose approbation
shall be submitted the stipulations of the matrimonial
contract, which shall be the object of a law. The
same shall affect the marriage of the immediate suc-
cessor to the throne.

Art. 47. The dotation of the Sovereign and of his
family shall be fixed by the Cortes at the commence-
ment of each reign. _ _

CHAPTER VII-OF THE SUCCESSION TO THE
THRONE.

Art. 48. The legitimate Queen of Spain is Donna
Isabella If., of Bourbon.

Art. 49. The succession to the throne of Spain
shall take place according to the order of primogeni-
ture and representation, preferring always the elder
branch to the younger.
Art. 50. In case of the want of legitimate descen-
dants to Donna Isabella 11., shall succeed, in virtue
of the order just established, her sister, and her
uncles, brothers of her father, and their legitimate
descendants, whether male or female, if not otherwise
excluded.

Art. 51. In case of the specified lines being extinct,
the Cortes shall make fresh appeals, according as it
shall suit the nation.

Art. 52. Persons declared incapable of governing,
or who may have acted in a way to merit the forfei-
ture of right to the Crown, shall be excluded from the
succession by a law.
Art. 53. When the reigning Sovereign shall be a
female, her husband shall have no participation in the
government of the kingdom.
CHAPTER VIII.—OF THE MINORITY OF THE SOVE.-