The Sun.
London, England, 1819-07-28 00:00:00

TO JOHN BULL, ESQ.

tiostsT Joinr,—You have now enjoyed your
Smithfield Meeting, and had time to reflect upon
it ; and I will ask you quietly, Johnny, what you
have gained by it, either as to political wisdom,
or redress of the real-evils which press upon you
in,some points, though in a much smaller degree
than in other countries, where, however, the ge-
neral equality of distress and poverty makes the
elorerne point of suffering less noticeable.

That, indeed, is a species of Equality which, I
Fresurne, you never wish for, t,hongh your present
would-he Leaders would soon bring you to it ;
end, therefore, my honest friend, I believe you
are now aware that you would have gone h'ntne
just as ise and harpy, 11, instead of the long
planned Meeting of Wednesday, you had drtssed
out your wife and daughters in their belt, and
gone to the cattle-matket on the preceding
Mondays

But, now Johnny, now that you are a little
cool, lel us look at some of the political axioms of

ti►ose men, Who, in defiance of his►ory, of pose-

int; events, and of common sense, pretend to be
so much wiser than all the rest of the world.

They t.-11 yon, that all men are born egnally
Free! N.,w you know ro the contrary. You know,
that for a man to be free in a state of Nature, he
must be without duties to perform, or laws to
obey ; but you know that no man can be so. even
in a state of Nature, for if one man has no duties,
vo man can have duties, nor women neither, and
then what becomes of the free-born infant, if he
is free of his parents, and his parents are free of
hint? But, in a state of Society, who can be born
free ? Have not parents, friends, nay, the public
at large, taken upon themselves duties towards
the helpless infant, and is he to rise to maturity
under constant obligations, and yet to owe no
duty to parents or society ? The plain fact is,
Johnny, that all men are born and brought up
equally under obligations and duties, and that the
true freedom consists, not in throwing off these
ties, but in having the power secured to all of
first obeying their social and moral duties, and
then of impressing those duties upon the next ge-

ineration.

They tell you, that all men are born equal !
Here, again, you know to the contrary. You
know that some are born robust, others weakly.
You know that some are born to be six feet,
others three feet high. You know, that some are
born with mental power 4, eap,;ble of high culti-
vation, and that others will never know more than
to keep their fingers out of the fire. Yon know,
that some are born with full bodily powers, and
that others are deaf and dumb. You know, that
some are born of rich parents, and some of poor
ones ; whilst others have no ostensible parents
et all.

You know, that men, thus differently born, can-
slot be Equal, and never would be so in a state of
Nature ; but you also know, that our happy Con-
stitution does make them all equal, as far as
mankind can be so in a state of Society, the very
advantages of which can exist only where there
is an inequality or gradation of rank, of power,
and of wealth ! They are all equal in the security
of property ; in the preservation of social obliga-
tions ; in the free exercise of their powers, both
mental and bodily ; except where an unlimited
exercise would be hurtful to themselves or others.

They tell you, that the Rich oppress the Poor !
Ah, Johnny, you laugh at that. You know, that
Grosvenor-square is a better customer to Long-
acre than ever St. Giles's could be. Does the
man who builds a palace or a villa oppress the
mason and the bricklayer ? Is the tailor who
makes a birth-day suit oppressed by the weaver
.of it ? Does the rich Lancashire manufacturer
oppress his spinners and weavers ! Does he !
Bow ? Is it oppression to get his work done as
.cheap as possible ? Ah, Johnny, have you forgot
when labour was scarce, when wages %verb high,
end you would only work three clays in the week
Who was the oppressor then ? Bitt come, my
lonest friend, we'll not repeat old grievances.
You are a little clown now, and it would be cruel
to press hard upon you ; yet, let me ask you, sup-
pose in those happy times, suppose you had
avorked six der, spent the produce of three, and
put the produce of three in the Saving Bank !
But no ! unfortunately Saving Banks did not then
exist, and now, Johnny, your new Reformers cry
4,, Down with the Saving Banks ;" and why do
they so ? Because, Johnny, you have now more
to lose than you had before, and therefore they
have less hope of leading you-into a revolution.
It is better, however, Johnny, to have some-
thing to lose, than every thing to gain ; you will,
therefore,•be as industrious as you can, saving
where you can, obedient where you ought, anti

We received this morning, the Paris Papers of
Sunday last. The following are extracts :
" Pan's, JULY 25.—The King is much better.
His Majesty promenaded for half an hour yester-
day morning in the Little Park. The Duke of
Orleans yesterday visited the King and the Royal
Family.

" General Sarrazin appealed yesterday in Ces-
sation, against the sentence of the Court of

Assiz s.

" There has been a report within these few
days, of the arrival of a courier from Rome, and
it was supposed he bad brought the conclusion of
an arrangement respecting the Ecclesiastical Af-
fairs of France. The rumour appears to have
been premature, but the next courier will, it is
supposed, bring something decisive upon the
subject.
" The Countess de Peralada, who towards the
end of last month was proceeding to Perpignan,
with the intention of passing some days there,
suddenly received from the Count de Peralada, her
husband, Ex•ambassador of Spain at Paris, a no-
tice which hastened her departure. It appears
that the Count, who resides in Catalonia, had
himself received orders to proceed without delay
to Madrid.

" According to private letters from Spain,
Don Luis Onis, who, it was thought, was going
to Madritl, to become Minister for Foreign Af-
fairs, found on his arrival at Valladolid, a courier
waiting for him, 'with orders from the King for
him to stop in that city. It is augured from this
fact, that King Ferdinand will not ratify the
Cession of the Floridas to the United States.
"The 150 Cachemire Goats, of which 100 are
for the account of Government, are all safely ar-
rived at the places appointed for their reception.
" The Count Capo d'lstria intends to stay at
Paris about a fortnight.
" Neither the Frankfort Journals of the 20th
instant, nor private letters, mention the extra-
ordinary attack said in one of the Junrnals to
have been made upon the King of Wurtemberg,
by four men in masks.

FIVE PER CENTS.

Saturday

DEFERRED STOCK.
Of the 22d March, 1817, .... 90 f. 65c.
22d Sept. 1817, . .88f. 65c.
22d March, 1818, ..86 f. 65 c.
22d Sept. 1818, B4 f. 65c.
22d March,lBl9, . 821. 65c.

CONSTANTINOPLE, JUNE 25.—The plague is
making great ravages at Alexandria. The son
of the Russian Consul is dead of it.
DRESDEN, JULY 13.—1 t is reported, that the
marriage of Prince Frederic of Saxuny with the
Archduchess of Austria will not take place till
December."

(From The Bombay Papers to the 24th Februrtiy.)

General NIGHTINGALIC embarked on board the
[lon. Company's crnizer Teignmouth, attended
by the whole of his Staff, as well as many private
friends.—Before his departure, his issued the fol-
lowing

GENERAL ORDERS.

Head-quarters, Bombay, Jan. 11.—(Abstract.)

Lieut.• General Sir MILES NIGHTINGALE can-
not pay a better compliment to the Army serving
under this Presidency, than by an Act of Grace
to the very tcw individuals who have merited the
sentence of the law, by unsoldierlike conduct dur-
ing the'last 12 months ; it is. theretote.in.cdbse-.
quence of the exempla' y conduct of the Army at

large, that Privates S. WILLIAMS, S. BaADECIIII,
W. Revss, and S. GEARY, of the Honourable
Company's European rrgimeot, now under sen-
tence of solitary confinement, are pardoned,
and directed to join their Corps ; and the
Commander-in-Chief trusts this act of knit.),

will induce them to behave like gor;d soldiers
for the future. Sir Muss NIGHTINGALE can-
not take leave oti the Bombay Army without
assuring the officers and men be had the honour
and good fortune to command, that he shall ever
consider the period be has been at their head as
the happiest of his professional life. The many
brilliant acts of gallantry and good conduct which
have been displayed in the field, added to the strict
discipline, order and regularity, by his Majesty
and Company's troops, during the last 3 years,
surpasses all praise, and entitles them to his
warmest and most sincere acknowledgment.

On Fiiday morning kit, I'.l4jor-General Sir
WILLIAM GRANT KRER embarked for ;Mattison,
under the salute due to his rank.

We have copied fron► The Times of this day an
account of the evacuation of Parga, and the cir-
cumstances attending it, which are of the most
melancholy and 'affecting nature, and which will,
of course, he the subject of historical record.
Indeed a more interesting event altogether, never
excited the notice and the sympathy of mankind.
[laying a full confidence in the rectitude as veil
as sound policy of our Rulers, we cannot but con-
clude that they have acted according to the con-
troul of inevitable necessity ; but as there are
many strange rumours abroad, as to the conduct
of those to whom the management of this lament-
able measure was entrusted, we doubt not that
they will in due time give a toll explana-
tion of every thing necessary to be known,
for the honour of the Empire ; and as
the Earl of LAUDERDALE is, in general, very active
in observing the operations of Government, we
presume, that he will feel himself particularly
called upon to investigate an event which has
excited a strong interest in every heart that fe.els
for human nature in general, as well as for all
noble minded People, and for the character of the
British Empire.
It is right to add, that subsequent to the date
of the account copied from The Times, the money
agreed upon as the indemnity to the unfortunate
Parguinotes was received by Sir T. M A rTI. A D, and
by him ordered to be distributed amongst them,
after,theirjclaims had been verified by a Commit-tee
appointed for that purpose.

BIRCH, THE CorisTABLE.—We learn from au-
thority this day, that this nnfurtunare and merit ori-
ns Officer remains in the same state, and the
most fatal issue is expected,

We cannot recommend a better lesson to those
of our fellow countrymen, who have been deluded
by the specious clamours or insidious docttines of
Our COBBETTS, WOOLERS, WATSONS, &c. &c. than
the Letter from our old and valuable Correspond-
ent IGNOTUI, which we have inserted this day.
The plain good sense and solid knowledge of
such a Writer are of more service to Government
than hundreds of speeches from Orators who sup-
port Ministers in Parliament, whether they
are already in place, or expect to be so.—
IGNOTUS has long been a strenuous Supporter
of Government, though he is wholly unknown
to Ministers. Such a Writer, however, ought
not to remain unknown to them, and kve
conceive that they would manifest sou 4 dis-
cretion, as well as true public spirit, in giving en-
couragement to every loyal Pen at this critical,
awful, and alarming period, when seditious .Serib-
...
biers are perpetually at work to spread rebellious
tenets all over the country.

WILTSHIRE COUNTY ELECTION.

STATE OF TUB POLL.

lit Day. Nlr._ Derma 302—Mr. Astley filr• 104
td Day Mr. Bcnett 190—Mr. Astley 153.... Ditto •17
3d Day.... Mr. Benctt 386—Mr. Astley Ditto.
41 It Day.... Mr. Benctt 331—Mr. Astley 315.... Ditto.... 16
sth Day.... Mr. Bcnett 277—Mr. Astley 280 {SiNaii: fk"- .. 3
189 { Maj. for 13
NIE. B. • •
tith Day Mr. Benctt 204—Mr. Astley
i for
7t h Day Mr. Benctt 190—Mr. Astley 251 MaNir•.
Bth Day.... Mr. Benett 35—N1 r. Astley Its Ditto.... 35
Total at the A.Mr. B. 1063 Mr. A. 1770
Close Bth Day j
Majority in favour of Mr. Bcnett
Salisbury, July 27, 1819.

By the Martha, from Buenos Ayres, accounts
have been received from thence of the 12th May.
In consequence of the suspension of hostilities
between the Buenos Ayres troops and 'those ot
General A RTIGAS, the communication with Chili
had been restored, and advices from Valparaiso ot
the 21st April had been received at Buenos Ayres.
It is said that several British merchants of Lima
had applied to Capt. SHIRREFF to protect their
vessels and cargoes, in consequence of the Pro-
clamation of Lord COCHRANB. The following k
an extract of a letter, dated Buenos Ayres, May
10th :—" Since our last report, an armistice has
beet concluded with General ARTIGAS, Which
these is no doubt will ultimately terminate in a
peace.".