The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-15 00:00:00

HAMBURGH MAIL.

ST. PETERSBURGII, DEC. 31.—1 t is affirmed that
the chief direction of the war against the moun-
taineers will be confided to General Yermolaw, who
has not peen employed since 1826, and who formerly
distinguished himself in that command by his energy
and success.
BERLIN, JAN. 6.—Accounts just received from St.
Petersburgh speak of a very serious indisposition of
the Emperor, and a very extraordinary movement in
the Russian Legation here seems to confirm this re-
port, which has also come from other respectable
quarters.
According to the accounts, the national Russian
party is gaining more and more influence in the
Government, and comprehensive plans are sa'd to be
contemplated not only to exclude foreigners from all
important posts in the public service of the State,
but *also to limit as much as possible the German
element hi the Baltic provinces. It is not to be
expected that this plan will soon succeed ; the most
powerful protection of the German interests is the
Imperial Family itself, in which a national inclination
to the country of their ancestors will never
be wholly extinguished, notwithstanding all patriotic
sentiment respecting Russia.
FROM THE DANUBE, JAN. 2.—We learn that the
Russian Government has at length given the assu-
rance that in the course of next year the channel of
the mouth of the Danube shall be deepened, that the
largest ships may pass without danger.
BERLIN, JAN. B.—The Duke of Leuchtenburg has
made but a short stay here, and is gone to St.
Petersburgh.
HAMBURGH, JAN. 9.—The ice in the Elbe has partly
broken up and begins to move, but is still standing
fast at Blankenese.—Hamburgh Papers, Jan. 10.

Two Moan FlRES.—Between one and two o'clock
this (Wednesday) morning a most destructive fire was
discovered in the lower part of the premises occupied by
Mr. W. Fryer, grocer and cheesemonger, 1, High-
street, Camberwell. The progress of the flames was
extraordinarily rapid, and owing to the lapse of time
which occurred before water could be obtained, the fire
had caused treat devastation before the firemen were in
possession of the means of checking it. Tho shop is
burned down, and the kitchen at the back of it most
seriously damaged. The next house, in the occupation
of Mr. James Rowley, bootmaker, is materially injured,
and the stock and furniture considerably damaged. No.
3; occupied by Mr. Morgan, baker, is also slightly
burned : and the house No. 9, opposite, tenanted by
Messts. Wade Brothers, linendrapers, is scorched by the
heat from the flames. Mr. W. Mould, oilman, cf I,
Wyndham-road, has suffered considerably ; his stook
and furniture, both by water and removal, are much in-
jured. Mr. Fryer is not insured for the contents ; the
building is insured in the Dissenters' office. The other
property is partially insured. Cause unknown.—At ten
minutes past five o clock the police constable u-sFm,
the
beat diseuvered a fire is the extensive warehouses and
worlsships belonging to Messrs. Perkins and Sharpus,
wholesale tin-plate workers, 6, Bell-court, Carnion-
street, City. Much damage is done throughout the
building and to the stock, the work-benches, fixtures,
flooring, joists, and roof in the top flour here the fire
originated) being burned, and the contents most seri-
ou. sly damaged on the first and ground floors of the
warehouse. The firm areinsured for the stuck in the
Sun office. It is not known how the &re originated.

M' EY and COl4 144 I-

The ( 'ot!( in arket at Li% ei pool esi, tel,7) w
Sales, 6,000 hal, s; all to the trace.— a good bu .nesm
was done in Shares at firm rates. Bristol and (iloucest
ter, 42 ; Chester and Birkenhead, 384; Cambridge and
titcolii, 313; Chester and Holyhead, 54- 6; Chui net
Valley, 3'l 18s. 9d: ;Direct Northern, 21. Is. ;Edinburgh and
Gla,gow, 62f ; Glasgow and Crre,!mack, 12/. Is. 3d; tiratql
Junction,22B;k; Do., Half,ll4 ; Great Western, I lalf,96ii;
Liverpool and Manchester, Quarter, 53 ; London and
Birmingham, Quarter Shares, 27 ; London and South-
Western, 764 ; London and York, 3i ; Manchester,
Bolton,' and Bury, 122 ; Midland Counties, 121 123 ;
North British, lot. 6s. 3d.; North Union, 1471 ; Preston
mad Wyre, 171 ; Sheffield and Manchester, 981 90 ;
South-Eastern, 424 43.; Ditto New, 151 ; Paris and
Lyons, 3/. 12s. 31. 14s. ; Paris and Orleans, 40.1 ;
Orleans, Tours, and Bordeaux, 7 ; Northern of France,
51. 16s 3d. 51. 14s. ; Boulogne and Amiens, 44 1.
We have late accounts from Canada to-day, brought
by the Halifax and Boston steam-ship, which, in refe-
rence to the health of Sir Charles Metcalfe, we may
state with some confidence that the return of his Excel-
lency to this country is all but a settled point. At the
same time, it ought to be mentioned that the ru-
mours so freely circulated in this country that Sir
Charles's life was in most imminent danger, is not
founded in fact. By this arrival we have a return exhi-
biting the nett revenue of the province of Canada for
the last financial year; also, an abstract of the expendi-
ture for the same period; all of which appear to be of
a very satisfactory' nature. On January 31, last year,
there was a balance in favour of the Consolidated Fund of
115.5051. 2s. 104 d. The interest payable upon the
public debt of the province is now not far short of
100,000/. per annum, exclusive, we believe, of the amount
due for the loans raised here, and guaranteed by our
Government, for completing public work in the colony,
and to pay the expenses of fresh roads, canals, &e. It
may be asserted with confidence, that the Canadas are
in a very 11411 thy state. In general the position of the
emigrants who reached Canada last year, amounting to
20,000 men, women, and children from Europe, was good.
The markets for agricultural produce in the Canadas
appear to be well supported.
From the United States the present advices, in a mer-
cantile point of view, are not of much interest. From
Mexico, however, the accounts received by commercial
houses in the City are distressing. The revolutionary
movements there had all but suspended general transac-
tions. The following is a graphic version of the
" doings" in Mexico, as sent to us from that city. Con-
gress was suspended by a proclamation of several of the
principal Ministers, and Santa Anna appointed a
Dictator, with full power to act without:appeal-
ing to any council; but, on the 6th of December,
the Congress assembled in defiance of the Dicator, and
appointed Don Jose J. de Herara as President of the
republic. The new President instanter issued a decree,
calling on the inhabitants to uphold him. The palace
was taken possession of, and the Ministry took to flight.
The fate of Santa Anna would be sealed if arrested ;
but, up to the latest dates, no blood was shed.
Advices of Nov. 23 have been brought by her Ma-
jesty's ship Pelican from the Cape of Good Hope, but
there are only one or two papers in town from the fron-
tier to the 14th. Matters were quiet there, and agricul-
tural affairs were going on prosperously. At Natal
the Volksraad seems as good at a debate us our own
senators are, and as regards the British Government,
many of the members exhibit decided disaffection, and
a determination to take nem of the responsibility of the
treaty with Colonel Cloete.
A slight retrograde movement has occurred in the
Funds this morning. Consols for the Account opened ut
100-1- and are now at 100 f ; but Consuls for immediate
transfer are at 100-1-. Reduced Three per Cents. have
been quoted at 1001 and at 1004. The New Three-and-
a-Quarter per Cents. are 4 per cent. above par. 'I ha
premium on Exchequer Bills has fluctuated from 595. to
61s. Bank Stock for the Account is at 2121.
Very few bargains were made in the Foreign Funds
this morning. Mexican Five per Cents. have been done
at 34A for the Account. The Portuguese Converted
are rather heavy at 591, Spanish Five per Cents. at
264 the Three per Cents. at 37k k, and the Dutch
Two-and-a-Half per Cents. at 63i.
It would appear that a contest is likely to arise for the
contract for the Great Northern of France Railway, the
Messrs. Rothschilds Brothers having undertaken the
formation of a list. Numerous applications have already
been made. In some quarters a belief is entertained that
a junction between the contending capitalists would
be a most beneficial circumstance, and probably
such an operation might be brought about. The shares
of the Great Northeru of France have just been done at
1,1 premium. The market for the English railways is
very buoyant to-day ;in almost every instance prices
have advanced, and an immense amount of business has
been transacted. Those new lines that have been re-
ported in tavour of by the Commissioners in last night's
Gazette, have been in good demand.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
Bank Stock 2ll

........
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities IOO%X %
3 per Cent. Consols Anna 100%4
New 314 per Cent. Annuties
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan. 1860 l2 3-16%
Do. 30 Years, Expire Oct. 10, 1859 l2
India Bonds 1,0001 77 pm.
,
Ditto under 1,0001 77 pm.
Bank Stock for Account.
Consols for Opening
Exchequer Bills. 13/41 I%d.
1,0001.
5001. ... ........ .. ..... ... — 6 l pm.
Ditto Small —
Ditto Advertised ..... ...
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Mexican Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cent. 34%
Ditto for the Account.
Ditto Deferred Stock 151,i
Portuguese Bonds' 5 per Cent —
Ditto Converted 59
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent., 1840 2634%
Ditto Passive Bonds 64
Ditto 3 per Cent 37 lA%
Dutch 2% per Cents
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates
PRICE OF SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK.
RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SHARE.
Birmingham' and Gloucester 100 lO4l/2 107 to 105
Ditto, New...
Bristol and Exeter
Bristol and Gloucester
Cambridge and Lincoln
Eastern Counties
=Do. Perpet. 5 per Ct. No. 1. 3
Ditto, ditto, 1,40. 2.
Great South and W. (Irish)... 5
Ditto Extension
Ditto Additional
Great North of England 100
Ditto
Great Western
Ditto, Half Shares
Lancaster and Carlisle
London and Birmingham —lOO 227
London and Blackwell 16% 7% to
London and Brighton.... 5O ...... 5114 to 501‘
London and Greenwich ...... 12% lO% to 11
London and South Western.. 41%...... 79 80
Ditto New Consolidated Bths 6
Ditto, New.
London and York... .....
Manchester and Leeds 7O 122/2 to
Manchester and Birmingham. 40
_ . __ _ _

Midland

100 124 123... to 125

Midland, Birm. and Derby ...100
Newcastle&Darlington.iunc. 24
Newcastle and Berwick
North British
Norwich and Brandon 8 ...... 14 ...... to
Portsmouth Direct
Richmond and West End Junc. 1
Rugby ... 1 ...... 1%34... to
Shrews.,Wolver., Dud., Birm. 2% 2-1/4 to
South Devon
South Eastern and Dover ... 331,i • 4431
Ditto New
Trent Valley
Yarmouth and Norwich
York and North Midland ... 50 lO6 2 to
Ditto, Extension
FRENCH RAILWAYS.

Boulogne and Amiens
0 .
Great Northern of France ... 4
Orleans and Bordeaux ... .. 2
Paris and Orleans 2O ...... 444 to
Paris and Rouen 2O ...... 40%1,4... to

JOINT STOCK BANKS.
London and Westminster
Union of Australia
Erratum in yesterday's list.—Read Great Northern c.f.
France, 5% a !i, instead of 6% a 3,4.

MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 14.—There
has been a very extensive business at improved prices :
Bristol and Gloucester 42
Eastern Counties, l6
Ditto, ditto, No. 2. 2ss. 6d.
London and South Western, New Shares B3'
Manchester and Birmingham,
Ditto Quarter Shares
Midland Railway Consols
Ditto 40/. Shares 674 74
Preston and Wyre lBll,
South Eastern New 15 3-16 y,
Ditto New Creation —l3l,E 13 3-16
Birkenhead, Manchester, and Chesh. Junct., 6% 7
Caledonian
Cambridge and Lincoln
Churnet Valley 4 3 15-16 4
Leeds and West Riding Junction 4l/
Liverpool, Ormskirk, and I'reston 2i.i:
London and Worcester, Oxford and Rugby l%
London and York 4
Manchester, Bury, and Rossendale
North British
West Yorkshire
Great Northern of France

EXTRAORDINARY GLUT OF FlSlL—Yesterday Bil-
lingsgate, Hungerford, and the different metropolitan
fish markets were enormously glutted with varions kinds
of fish, which sold at unusually low prices ; and the
supply of mackerel was so abundant that they sold in
Clare-market at the almost incredible price of Id., and
even so low as a halfpenny a piece. At this time of the
year mackerel is not considered to be in season ; those,
however, brought into the markets yesterday were re-
markably fir.e, and were eagerly bought up.
STATE OF TILE STREETS.—At a meeting of the
Commissioners of Sewer, ht ld at Guildhall yesterday.
many complaints were made of the dirty stale of the
streets in the City, and Mr. Gore, one of the contractors,
was fined 211. for neglecting a cleansr the wood pat Ing In
and for not having taken
Newpfate-street and Cheap We,
away the ashes and dust from the Yost-office.
HANDSOME SPECULATIoN.—It is stated that within
forty years the United Stays have extinguished. the In-
dian title to 430,000,01)0 acres of land
.for 82,000,000 dol-
lars. At this rate they paid the, Indians an v era ge , f
less than 20 cents. per acre. ow, if the United States
disposed of those lands to their citizen, at the pre,ent
low Government price of 1 dollar 25 cents, they have
received into their treasury the sum of 455,500,000 dol-
lars above the original covto—Cherukze eldoxate.

_._._---

"! 77*!.'C'1' 7

r, , ,upp,(.o
fi 1.,1."t',t:1.Y d
wise Gov-ielueut text, iee
.pl";.l3lif'`e. tth„,,d-10
struering of railways were in this country ihtrtni,F.
the Government. The Direct Northern will connect! 'em_
Great North of England Railway
and south-western railways which have their Wl,O
in London ; it will be the trunk line of cornmunictuoo
between the railvva s 3 stems north of York. and /,‘,O
SOW h London. the Direct Northern ie the 5110.'101
line between York and London, and therefore the. 111,4
with all the sou bOl7,
advantageous for all persons north of the Yer_vot
south of the London terminus, who may wish to
or transmit goods in either direction. The Direct Nor
ii
ii
is the line best adapted—passing .as it does, nolo
through the centre of the district between t•Nfel
western railways and the east sea—to affbrd Win°
.0,1
the connecting of such lateral lines with it as thetils,:to
Nortujos
of local traffic may require. The -Direct
brings every town alung the line, with the sleeriPd lo
of Peterborough, nearer to the metropolis 'Aireter
York, than any existing or projected line; aeucelei
° borough is only 4i miles from the point at 0'171,0
branch of the Lonuon and Birmingham Railoith Ai
passes through it, crosses the Direct Northern- ifie,
the population on each side and at each end 01 theo
ire
the Direct Northern is the most convenient of 0!
competitors ; and it will also be the most Will
Where the gradients are the same, the Aerioo
through a given country will be the meet- 0 el°
worked, and will consequently pay at the least oir.reb
the public. The gradients of the Direct Northers! "'Dolt
the whole superior to those of any competing heti:ondot
1 2-3 d miles of tunnelling are required betweee .400
and York, and no engineering works of great !in, sv.horist
or difficulty. The Direct Northern ia42i miles
1,
than the existing line of railway communication7oooo
York and London; 94 shorter than the prles:
and York Railway, 304 than one proposed Ortr,cor
line, and 211 than the other. The only line larort;
near it in respect of shortness is the London fIY -
and this latter line, besides being
es
less favourabl:rlopf
construction of lateral railways, opens upon the 1.1
cll?beJbl
North Midland Railway in the very manner -d
the fourth report of the Railway Commissieserl'otif
likely to render delay unavoidable, and collision!"
probable." Aft.er such considerations as these; piled
a descent to notice such claims on the part of °Tore°
Northern as that it scarcely interferes with the)ll.o 1114
of any existing line, and that its projectors W,,,,enrki
field before their rivits of the London o(l.Ln—cosy
After the experiment of 116-Liverpool and P..7,ci11°1
line had proved the posibility of railway corers 'd-0-0
it was natural that the Grand Junction and PfigA.A.l!r
Birmingham Railways shouid be the first Pr S 8 Pord
plication of the discovery. The completion of7-I.iiion
Northern, as the trunk artery' of a. nationw._.A' .010
system, is the next step. It is curious enough-7, Ai
be regarded either as evidencing the skill w""dr
Roman engineers traced their roads, or as Pny
contemplated line of the Direct Northeriz to e°,„
tural course of traffic—that the • railway folloV„."
throughout the line of the old Roman road eg/.looi''
mine-street," and is at some places actliallY"',
Spectator of Jan. 11th. .

- - - --- ito
CHESS. Of 14
The match (so long postponed in consequent (
illness of Mr. Staunton) has been put off to an, O,
time from the same cause. Mr. Staunton has vii',,,
pulled to return to London, but ere he left FS'
~
dressed the following letter to his opponent:',.. Oral
" Paris, JO' ;111°1i
" Dear Sir,—The time has at leng oth arrlf or
can relieve you from further suspense on t '.: 01
our match. tiOe' #
" My health continues in so precarious 06.0111,
many weeks I find must still elapse ere I call,lidec,l
any task of mental labour and excitem, nt. u Or)
circumstances I have determined to obey tt,e lel
my friends most interested in the contest, sou 00j
England. It is not, believe me, without regietopre?
appointment that I thus leave unachieved , ,41
of my visit ; but a gleam of consolatioslio rii
itself in the hope that your affairs /tad ro
you to London in the approaching spriogtl)lli
when there, you will nut let pass so faverol
opportunity of seaking the revanche I bece
~.oeoi.
so much pains to give you. ' As some indintol,V
such a step, let me call your attention to the Imitielvj
ditions of my drfi, in the April. number of ,4 fri
Players' Chronicle.* And, as a further incept!: ' to)
me to add, that, in the event of your resolli ri•
counter me in London, I will undertake 10Pfif
according to the objectionable terms imposea ids
here, and stake 1501. to your 1001. on . the r001,,0
games.—l have the honour to subscribe IaID
yours obediently, " H. STAID" "7.
"* The challenge alluded to was as follows•
"CHALLENGE FROM MR. STAUNTON TO Id. 811249
" My dear Sir,—Your reply to my • Proposalol
me at the moment when the forthcoming nu rO7,
Chess Myers' Chronicle is at press. This eit,C - 1
will account for and excuse the brevity of tr,. ii
communication. bright;
"My challenge, to the terms of which yPo
so many exceptions, was a general one, itt34o,F,
tions, however equitable, could never be so PI r j
that they would &IN-tail with the wishes an lisii
ence of every individual ; they will not do. stiet,,
seem, with yours. Keeping them, then, altoge Jr/
view on the present occasion—regarding 0° joy
patient desire which you express. and fvbiePolool
another match, and the assurance you hive ~ .
your being in London this spring—l have the 0.4
submit for your consideration another 'Dek,.,.,: aiti
"I will engage upon your arrival in .1.17.4. iffi
spring, to play you at the St. George's Che'",sl
match of 25, of 21, of 11, of 7, or of 5 gs„oe
option, for any stake not less than 1001. sterol'
~
10)
" These games shall be played at youreown .
days and hours. SO
" I will undertake to play every clay, or alte
or once a week, as you may determine, under the. i
of one guinea for each omission. 0 i
" I will agree that the maximum time 0100100 f
move shall be 10, or 15, or 20, or 25, or 30 foily
your pleasure ; and that either party elt 0/
given time shall, on every occasion, be fined .01, ,i
" The match shall also be played in publie.fdi
as you may determine ; and finally, I will co p?'
141
in each game both players shall, on their firstr,
King's Pawn two squares.—ln haste, I subsefr
dear Sir, truly yours, • "H. ST,A%, '
To M. St. Amant, editor of Ls Palamede. . I
DALSTON AN]) KINGSLAND LlTElleeili,
SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIZ)N.—Last night, a nu3l4r
highly-respectable meeting was held at it0.,,.11
Arms, Queen's-road, Dalston, to adopt mes..:ip , i
formation of an institution for the \rapidbre
tioi'
/
western districts of Hackney. The b4ough„jr, i
tin s were present. Sir W. Clay took the C"; 10,
a I,.ng, able, and effective address, enforced pa
of the projected institution. which by power gli, triii
age he %wild cordially support. Mr:R-41°0i.
ty
report of the provisional committee. Colotteuie e j
its adoption, and express:d his delight at i,
' .1,, fi
institution. Messrs. Neilson, Ovenden, Rev'. rietifri
Bitigley, Thorns, and others, severalty 00'7.00; rit
resolutions in furtherance of the scheme. Atticili
of thanks was passed to the worthy repreSeoiA t fAe
returned thanks. A vote of thanks was al:,
1,
Mr. Rayson, Secretary, after which the ir%oir
rated. Many shareholders' and subscribers - sA'jifr'
received.

"
THE ~,OMERSETSIHRE
MONDAY EVENING.—The further examinatitter,w4
Freeman on charges of murdering her broil',
husband, and child, which was fixed to tsl‘,e;
day at the Town hall before the magistrs,,ce IYf
county, has been postponed in consequcitefee:i
severe illness of the prisoner. I bei cod*
soon after her being cony: yeti back to gs°;ficlilri;,,,-
evening she was taken ill, and her :Icier] tV,;;
increased to such a degree as fo' 0,•011,,%
eitssary to call in the assistance of 5;i054
cal practitioners. The surgeons being of °V v
proceed with the examinations to-day wet' to tti"
with dangerous consequences, information rso;,4)'
was conveyed to the justices who had tskel;,(ti‘.ll/fil!
investigation, and a messenger was dispst4the !ply
wick to prevent the different witnesses fer;eri rotriV
tion from coming into town, it being ' 00" o I If
deemed desirable to lessen the public ezeite-ttet'rellfv`
possible. The prisoner, although much ,
oefeve
was on Saturday and yesterday, is still 00,,,,eeCb er!,
disposed as to render it certain that the 131."" bleb
not be gone on with to-day. 0, side 4t
EXTRAORDINARY OCCURRENCE.--`'° sigti
satiors was excited in Richmond and 10.0,000,4 Y
on Monday last, in consequence of the
body of a man in a field adjoining the 1“Btjo °0544/
mond, under circumstances that were 11 bet'''oti'ruF
cative of foul play. On Monday morning,
and eight o'clock, a man, named Charier, iseffetl:tl
is gardener to Messrs. Steele, nurserY6 °Leger/
was crossing his master's field, when behicti
body of a man lying near a wall vi 0„a e )1.0,111,
the field from the nursery-gardens. ,Sthropitil
the body, which proved to be that of j-Petiirleo•ool
a housekeeper, also in Messrs. Steelds • fie 3"
dis 4
face of the deceased was frightfully bo toct'l
there were wounds on other parts of tile4troeupocrett
suspicious appearances induced the nine 'tod
municate immediately with the p.oliee, Poe/
ri
Turner, with several constables, inst/lifel,
to the spot with a stretcher, ee Pt-oi
ceased was placed, and carried horeev'tio of/
a surgeon, was called in, and that geoje b° gPvitj
that the deceased had been dead 5° illiehoeoit,o;
that he had probably died in a fit•fea r /rile
on the different parts the body aPPebil'oelibfeJ
caused by the bite of some animal, b". titoi
was dangerous. The police afterwards Inr6inevioo,llitto
inquiry into the circumstances, and rice night otiYl
deceased had gone late on the previous
tope re,
field with sortie hay for a horse that wa6 eicleota per;,
lie was drunk at the time, :aid intha by tic 041 r`/`O.,
against the wall and disfigured his tare ',.eor' 0.1!`,
specs to the other marks and wounds thv,booo
anion is that they were caused by thed,Potiutorte
found the deceased lying ell the gr'!". the re,
awaken him, such instances of sag acilY /11e,
beiug uncommon. ow
000.
Mr. Bunn, the inawger of DrurYcb prefe,,it'
has paid a • t to I'aris ill 5' asfi~c tb
at,d he' lan ,w goe ato Berlin to witne° of S b 0
)1111.4 visit
lion of bI, yrrhe<r's new ups rues 7'he 1,1 4
Fln,
stage. V4r I)ii tlChi 0
[DE DISTRESSED NEEDLEV7O- fwe cb
This :,ociet) has rerei%ed ittiothel F.,
,st 03 ye
the list of parohessr:6 in the naii•e AV
Norfolk.
the WinT Mr. Peri; 11, .me
Southo4 t t.
rbe, r sorryth
etobolre(apr,g.nlithoaf
rese,:e
Dv,
to the lute Alderman Wood. is at tnefib litv
inre oayerdyana serous state of illness,

1114'1,