The Sun.
London, England, 1821-11-09 00:00:00

SUBSCRIPTION

- •
For the RELIEF of the WIDOW and CHILDREN
of the late
CAPTAIN _HENRY HALES,
Of the Ship OFFLEY, Southern Whaler of London,
Who with the SeCond Mat; and Boat's Crew, were inhumanly
-.Massacred by the Spaniards, on the Island of St. Maria'
Coast of Chili, on the 24th of February last, under circum-
stances of the most aggravated barbarity, by which deplorable
event his•WidoW and Orphan Children are left entirely des-
titute of the Means of Subsistence.
HIS -Melancholy Catastrophe occurred on a
74` voyage to the. South Sea Fishery,—Captain HALES
sailed fronLEngland in the Ship Offiey, about the month of
*October 1820, and having doubled-Cape Horn, after a rough
passage, early in 1821, he put into the Island of St. Maria,
which is uninhabited, on' the Coast. of Chili, to re-fit.—On the
24th of February, about 10 A. M., several men were seen on
the beach, and Capt. Hales, supposing them to be Spaniards,
who had come over from the Main, went on shore with his
.Second
,Mate, Armourer, and four Seamen, armed, for the
purpose of procuring fresh 'provisions. The party was seen to
land, and.join the Spaniards, who appeared to be very friendly
with them ; they shortly aftenVards retired from the beach to-
gether, and it was 'supposed that Capt. Hales was in treaty
with them for provisions, and was gone over to the South Bay
to look a them. Towards sun-set, the Captain not having re-
turned, the crew became alarmed and a boat was despatched to
search for them, which returned with information, ..that on. their
approach, several strange men were seen on the beach, and
from their movements more were supposed to be concealed,
anait being icar daik, it was deemed, most prudent to return
to the ship without venturing to land. The following
morning no tidings having been received of the p trty on
shore, at day-light the Chief Mate manned and armed two
boats, for the purpose of endeavouring to find them ; on
coming near the shore, they perceived a man naked, sitting
on the beach, and on landing, discovered him to be !Thomas
Moore the Armourer, covered with blood, and severely wound-
ed; he was perfectly sensible, and informed them, that on their
.grst landing, the Spaniards appeared to be friendly, giving
them bread and meat, and induced them to accompany, them
some distance from the shore, where they were suddenly sur-
rounded by 40 or 50 men armed, on which the Captain te-
solved to return to his boat, which was refused,- except on con-
dition of their delivering up their arms—They were compelled
to comply with these terms.—The Spaniards then treacherously
bennd.thean, two arid two, and carried them about three miles
into the island, and when dark, brought them back near to the
beach, among some bushes—stripped them—and cruelly stab-
bed them in cold blood, himself alone surviving, whom they left
for dead, he having received 23 wounds in his body, and two
sabre cuts, one on each side of the neck. He was perfectly
sensible, and was immediately taken on board, where the Sur-
geon examined him, and found his wounds mortal. The boat
had no sooner returned, than a number of men were seen coin-
ing towards the beach, and soon afterwards a man presented
himself dressed in the Captain's clothes, waving his hat for a
boat to come on shore ; he was accompanied by three or four,
who appeared to be Officers in green uniforms, with cocked hats
and sabres ; others were discovered from the mast head lying
behind the beach. The leader of the party appeared so much
like Captain Hales, that the Armourer was questioned whe-
ther lie was positive that the Captain was killed, when lie assured
them he was, and that the Captain or leader of the Spaniards so
much resembled Captain Hales, that he had remarked it when
on shore. The Offiey immediately weighed anchor, and stood
for Conception, and at 5 r. at. the Armourer became much
worse, and at 0 the same evening died.—An instance of more
atrocious barbarity perhaps never occurred ; Capt. Hales, the
Second date, Armourer, and four men perished, in this most
inhuman transaction ; Capt. Hales has left a Widow and seve-
ral Children totally destitute of the means of subsistence, to
obtain which, this appeal is made with confidence to the bene-
volence of the Public, convinced that they will humanely con-
tribute to the relief of an unfortunate family, who have been
deprived, by this unforeseen and calamitous event, of their only
support, and who have thus been reduced from respectable and
comfortable circumstances, to the greatest poverty and distress.
SUBSCRIPTIONS will be thankfully received by Sir JAMES
EsDAILE and Co. Lombard Street; 8.1. LixTnout.TE, Esq.
Austin Friars; W. CURLING, jun., Esq. 10, George Yard,
Lombard Street; Messrs. CURLING, YOUNG' and Co. Lime-
house; and at TILE SUN Newspaper Office, 112, Strand.

Curling, Young, and Co. . .
William NI elliA, Esq. . .
Samuel Enderby, Esq. . .
D. Bennett and Son . . .
' .T. Gale and Son • . . .
Hill, Boulcot, and Hill . - .
Hayman, White, and Co. . --.
Domctt and Son • • .
Blyth and Sons . . .
Brunton and Co. . . .
•
The Sun Newspaper . . .
George Brown, Esq. . . . .
Thomas Ward, Esq. . - .
Cox, Kelly, and Young . .
Mr. Sturge • • . .
Mrs. R. Curling, Camberwell .
W. Curling, sen., Esq., Blackheath .
T. B. Oldtield, Esq. .
N. Atcheson, Esq. . .
R. S. Atcheson, Esq.
William Williamson, Esq.
John Harkness, Esq. .
Esr

a.
s.
21 U 0
10 0 0
10 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 5 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
5 0 0
3 0 -0
2 0 0
2 0 0
1 0 0

Henry Wilkinson, rsq. 1 0 0
The British Copper Company, by Mr. Rowcroft 3 0 0

None but himself can be Ids parallel-1n front
of Bisii's Office in Cornhill are the words " All
the Three 30,0001. Prizes sold by Brut, April,
1815." Bisit sold the first and only 30,0001.
drawn i❑ the present Lottery ; and if he sells
the other two, he will only have to alter April,
1815, to November, 1821. His are the only
Offices that ever sold Three of 30,0001. in one
Lottery ; and his having sold the first in this, puts
it out of the power of any one but himself to be
his parallel. -

By those who have of late years directed their attenti4 to
the moral character of this country, education has been ta..
sidered as the sovereign remedy which is to purify and correct
all the corruptions of our internal system ; and thence it will be
said, that if the unwearied exertionsof the most benevolentand
enlightened men in the kingdom have hitherto failed to effect
any material improvement of the morals of the people, or at
least of that part of it which we are now consist ring, can it be ex-
pected that the scattering a host of constables over our city will at
once produce this great object of our wishes? He would indeed
know but little of human nature; who, whatever his former
views may have been, would now attempt to check the progress
which education is making' through all the subordinate classes
of society. The imptilsehas been given, and the system by
this time has acquired a force which will move itself without
the adventitious direction which first gave it action : it is irre-.
sistible : it must go on ; and God grant that it may, to the
happiness and lasting interests of mankind I But if we look to
the very nature of that education to which our poorest classes
must and should be limited, and. to the degree of attainment
with which, at a premature age, they must be necessarily thrown
upon the world; can we expect, in the early stages of this sys-
tem, that their instruction will fortify. them against the tempta-
tions to which, at such a dangerous period of their lives, they
must be inevitably exposed ? It has not hitherto' done so ; it
may quicken the faculties, but it cannot, from the shortness of
the time which is occupied in it, very powerfully affect the
mind ; because, the body, rather than the mind, is or must
necessarily soon be called into daily action. It is not, it can-
not be, with this class of society as with those whose early
culture is, as it were, but the seed which is to ripen and scatter
its fruitful increase for the intellectual use of man. Without
derogating from the merits of the laborious classes of our fel-
low-subjects, to vvhorn, above all others'; fre are moat iiad'ebtedi
we must see that their use and their happiness consist in the
practical and operative, rather
,than in the intellectual pursuitt
of life. Let me not be thought to disparage the efforts of those
who are advancing the civilization and knowledge of man ; but
if from the variegated condition of society, the instruction in
question must be thus limited, arc we to rely upon education
alone, as the charm by which crime is to be dissipated ? The
BrnaE, it may be said, is the safeguard against temptation;
that nothing more is wanting, and that it affords a comprehen-
sive answer to such reasoning. Granting, however, that the
contents of that sacred volume were retained in the memory,
and its spirit, for a time, felt in the mind, still, from the very
nature of man, we must remember that it is not only necessary
that good principles be given, but that they must be preserved ;
and such is the collision of human intercourse, that in a popu-
lation off.aing every species. of • seduction, it is an indispensa-
ble duty (as well as necessary security) to create some more po-
sitive check against the contingencies of vicious association, than
the declining influences of education and religion can in such
a state afford. In short, 1 fear, after all, that restraint from
doing wrong will be more powerful than the admonition to do
right. It is, therefore, to this restraint that we must look, and
if lam correct in the view which I have just taken, its moral
influence will be unquestionable, it will force back the criminal,
it will obstruct his progress in the road which he has chosen,
and drive him to the selection of another which will carry him
to a happier and a better end. It is to the rising generation, as
the objects of our peculiar commiseration, that our care should
be most earnestly directed ; for it is upon the more apt and
better educated, that temptation now operates. A dull listless
youth is no.fit subject for the experienced thieves of this town;
but if he be adroit, active, and daring, he is soon discovered, he
is quickly and easily trained, and thus he, who might have be-
come an useful, is made a most pernicious NJ ember of Society.
It will be obvious that these latter observations apply exclu-
sively to the laborious classes of the community in this Metro-
polis; to those who are devoted to the handicraft or mechanical
operations of life, whose time, if at work, must necessarily be
absorbed ; or who, if not at work, must be subject to all the
evils which idleness produces ; who must also be exposed to the
temptations, and invited by the facilities, which a wealthy metro-
polis opens to the commission of crime ; a metropolis, where the
frequency of offences, and the number of offenders, soon weaken
the impressions with which the young man may have embarked
in life, and finally lead them on, without fear or shame, to acts
from which they might originally have shrunk with horror.__
For such persons, so circumstanced, there must be a more de-
cided counterpoise against these mischiefs, than the sort of edu-
cation which we have been considering.

Lecturership of Si. Leonard, Shorediteh.—A t
four o'clock yesterday evening the ballot filially
closed. Previous to announcing the numbers,
Mr. Pc'tact, the Senior Churchwarden, stated,
that he held up his hand, as a voter, against the
illegality of the proceedings on the part of the
Rev. T. Moammit's Committee, and though
that Rev. Gentleman had a majority of votes, he
should still assert that he was not duly elected.
Much confusion here ensued, which lasted a con-
siderable time, and when order was at last re-
stored, he announced the conclusion of the ballot
as follows

For the Rev. T. Mortimer ":,2—Gross Poll, 1904
For the Rev. Dr. Toyme 9i—Gross Poll, tg7

ajority for Mr. Mortimer 156 1257

Ncw brYENTEn (No.
Thursday,
6th of September, Mr. John Finlayson,.',front
Muirkirk, exhibited his new invented plough, in
the parish of Lismahagoiv, before a great ntunber
of the heritors, farmers, "and ploughmen of the
parish and neighbourhood. Mr . I,7iplayson wept
to work on very rough bent/ land/ which he
ploughed with great speed, and math ease, some-
times with one and, at other times by two horses,-
always making excellent work, and never having
his plough so much as once choked up during.the
Altboug4 the plough qaastion be pe:;tr•
Harty ii;en-tittd`fUr ,
moss or benty land, and will do more work in
one day than could possibly be done by ten
men, yet there is no descriptio❑ of ground which
it is not fitted to dress in a very superior manner
by a change of its irons, which can he done in
half a minute. It was tried :by •several.experi7
enced ploughmen, who all declared that they
never held any plough' that was more easily ma-
tlges:l or directed.
Il YDROPROIiIA.—A series of experiments have
recently been made at the Veterinary School in
Paris relative to the cure of Hydrophobia. The
object in view was to confirth the efficacy of a
specific imported from Italy, which it is expected
will not only act as a preservative immediately
after the bite, but will also operate as a cure
after the fatal symptoms have appeared. Theye-
sultof these experiments is not yet ascertained.
PATENT, giittE SHIELD.—Mr.. Ralph Unckley,
of New York, has invented and obtained a
Patent for a Fire Shield, of which the Natioizal
Advocate gives the following account :—" It ap-
pears to us the most effectual protection of pro-
perty from fire ever invented. This •shield is
intended to protect firemen, whilst employed iii
extinguishing fires, but it is particularly designed
to prevent fire from spreading. It is well known
that, when a house is on fire, if it even can be
saved after the time is lost in bringing up engines,
it must necessarily be very much damaged. The
evil, to be apprehended is .the spreading of this
devouring element, which frequently lays wholej
blocks of buildings, and sometimes whole cities,
in ashes. This invention is intended to. arrest
'the evil on the spot where it originates, by ena
bling firemen to approach so near ,the flames as •
to protect surrounding property. As this inven-
tion is of deep interest to our citizens,, and parti,
cularly 'in the southern cities, so tnuch afiliCted
—by -ftreckif late =wig deenvit necessarsy tt be)ia-
cular in our explanations., The fire shield is
made of a metallic substance ; thin, light, and
impervious to heat ; it is of anettgth and breadth
sufficient to cover the whole .person; and 'it may
be used in several different positions. For ex-
ample: when used in the street, it is firmly fixed
on a small platform; with" wheels, and at a short
elevation from the ground. The fireman takes his
stand on this platform, and behind the shield ; he
is dragged by ropes near the current•of heat and
flames, without being Scorched orleeling any in-
convenience, and with his hose-pipe ordoider in
his hand, he directs the water to the part where
it is most required. In this way a line of shields
may be formed in close order, in front of a
powerful heat, behind which the fire Men may
stand with safety, and play upon the houses with
their water-pipes. The utility, therefore, of this
invention may .be seen at aglance ; it enables fire-
men to brave the flames With impunity, whcreas,
in most instances of excessive heat, they are
driven off, and the flames are permitted to spread.
The shield is used in another and equally bene-
ficial way. By varying the form, it is carried
up stairs to the third story of houses, not on fire,
but the roof of which requires water, and by a
simple machinery carried in hand, it is projected
from a 'window like a painter's platform ; the
leader is then carried through the house, up
stairs, and so out of the window, and is directed
by, the fireman behind the shield to that part of
the adjoining houses which it may be necessary
to protect. It is extremely useful in churches,
and from steeples, and may be applied in a va-
riety of ways. Fireinen have been frequently
injured in health and person by .approaChing too
near the flames, and giving full scope to that in-
trepidity of character and humanity for which
they are distinguished. By this fire-shield they
will be effectually protected, and it will be found,
in narrow streets,' to be peculiarly useful."
MEcnANism.—Mr. T. Tepper, of Southmolton,
has invented a machine, which answers re-
spectively the purpose of a pump, fire engine, or
water closet. The pressure is so uniformly ap-
plied and powerful in its effect, that, until the
water in the well be completely exhausted, it will
emit a quantity equal, and at an elevation superior,
to that of a regular fire-engine. The invention will
doubtless be fully appreciated, 'particularly by
those whose residence is remote' from a town,
as, in the event of a fire, immediate and ample
assistance is procured ; it will also belound less
subject to injury than a common pump.
NEW BA.RomETER.—Mr. Barth, of StraSburp,h,
has published his discovery of a Barometer, which
will announce every change of the weather thirty
hours before it happens. This instrument, which,
in the time of Galileo, would perhaps have con-
ducted the inventor into the prisons of the Inqui-
sition, will, it is asserted, give notice of thunder
storms twelve hours before they occur. •

METHOD OF PLAYING TWO INsTau3tr.NTs.
This is the invention of James Watson, a blind
musician of Dundee.—The following account of
his improved mechanism is taken from the Third
NUITIbpr of The Caledonian Quarterly Journal:
" The stops by which he shortens the strings of

F. M. VAN HEVI•NuTSE,.T, of Sidmouth•strcet, for a Ziethod
of Making Portable Machines or Instruments, to be placed
upon a Desk or Table, and so contrived as to fold or not into
a small compasi, made of wood, brass, or other metal, to
support a silken shade, for the purpose of piOtecting the eyes
from a strong light ; added to which is a green, blue, or
other coloured glass, in a frame, and in such a position, thi:t
-when placed oppdsite'a window, lamp, or candle, it will taka
off the glare of white paper, by shedding'a grecp. or 1413-..‘, or
any other tinge dependent upon the colour of the glass re-
flector, 'upon the book or paper, placed within the bounds of
its shadow, so that print, however small, or writing, is ren-
dered more plain and egible, byireason of the glare being thus
taken off the white paper, and partiCularly by candle4ight ;
by this means the eyes of the reader or writer Will be reliet'ed
fron? injuriously dwelling on a white surface. . •

•
This invention is intended to relieve the eyes from the perni.
cious glare of white paper, &c, when read or. written upon. By
the assistance of a blueish-green glass screen, the yellow rays of
light issuing from a lamp or candle intermix, and shed a beau.
.tiful and delicate. tinge of green upon abOok, paper, fine needle-
work, &c. In the manufacture of the glass, nothing but trap-
sparent colours are made use of; so that no shade is cast, but
simply a refreshing gteenness, which effectually takes the glare
off the white surface, softens the rays of light, and produces the
most fleasirig and 'Comfortable Sensation to that susceptible arid
valuable organ. This. machine, does not deprive the ar artment
of a ray.of light,.as is the case with reading-lamps focused of
ground.iglass, or with, opaque shade's .;" nor does it mischievously
concentrate the rays into a focus,. pouring directly on a book pr
paper, and consequently producing a most glaring and tlestrue-
tive resplendency.. •
J2Goctimix, of Northampton, for an linProved Stirrup-iron.
, This consists in the introduction of a cross-bar, .bearing;a
Spling within the open bottom of a stirrup-iron, supporting, a
fake buttont;.which-siseiand .aceording: to the intition, Of
the horse, and affords relief to the rider ; the horse is also re-
lieved from any sudden pressure, and they prevenethe breaking
of the saddle-tree, the weight of the. rider being uniformly car-.
ried upon an elastic instead of a solid bearing. •
J .11 ANS 0 sir, of Ipswich, for certain Improvements on Ilotiglis.
This invention consists of an improved plough-share, and
plough-ground head or bottoth-piece, which are to be affix&i
to each other. The common plough consists .of the stock or
body, of the .plough, its shaft, handles, breast-plate, arid-coulter,
together with .the ground, or bottom-piece, with its Slade, and
• the share, blade, wing, or point, as it is sometimes called.:-
The. present invention applies only to , those two last parts:
which may be called the ground and the share ; all the other
parts of. the plough may be constructed in the Customary man-
ner. In the usual practice of making ploughs, it has been cup-
tomary to attach or fix the share to the front end of the groune.,
or that which lies next to the horses in work, either by making
a socket or mouth in the ground to receive the fang or shankof
the share,-, or else by placing the socket or mouth upon the
share; while the point or nose of 'the giround is made with 'a
shank or tapered end to fix into it; and in either of these me-
thods the -Share is fixed on by mere fitting, or tightened either
with a wedge, or by applying the slips.of wood or packings. Of
paper, or other soft substance, if necessary, but can at ar, time
be taken off to be renewed, whenever- it happens to be troken
or worn put.. The consequence of this- construction is, that
when the cast share' is worn out, in some case more than two-
thirds of its orinal,quantity in weight.becomes useless, on aa.
count of the metal which is required to 'form the shank,or soc-
ket, and which is of no other :use, -.unless -so formed as to ro-
cci v o a new cutting edge, which may be fastened by means
of .rivets, screws, or dove-tails, and the wrought iron share
must be re-laid, new forged, or steeled, all which operations
are attended with considerable eXpence and loss of time.
The present invention removes these inconveniences. The
share is of such forth and shape as'to its cutting edge, and of
such materials, as may best suit the nature of the soil in which
it is to act, and does not, in these respects, differ from those
which are already -in use, but the back or thick part of the
share is so made, either in a curved or straight form, as to enter
between two chaps, for the purpose of fixing it- TheSe chips
consist of two pieces of metal, one passing above that part of
the share intended to be held by them, and the other below -it,
in. such. manner, that when they are forcibly drawn together they
may confine and hold the share in the manner of a vice. One
,at these chaps may either be.a part of' the plOugh.fiame, or
ground, and made with it, or made, separate, and fastened
thereto,' whilst the other is moveable ; nor is it material whether
the top .or bottom chap is made to move, all that is necessary
being, that they should answer the purpose of nipping or cot)-
fining the share steadily, add that their form and dimensions
should be'such as not to impede the passage of the plough
through t'ne•soil; but the particulars of such form cannot be
farther well described by words.