The Sun.
London, England, 1810-08-10 00:00:00

i

TIGVST 10, 1810.

his s;stem; and while-boasting of the wealth of the
nation, they have been daily enlarging pie abyss
Which- is open before it. The -finaily with which
the harm- are filled up, dazzles the vulgar. We,ha've,
repeoedly had occasion to she at how burdensome
_they are to the State. The intimate connection me-
tweets the Batik and the Exchequer renders, them
stilt more dangerous. The bal,, wh!ch tiusi*nded
he paymen at the Bank in specie, winch though it
ougltt to have beeu only a few hiOnths itt force,. has.
no existed thirteens years, actually placed the
arld the,Government in a state of insolvency. The .
'confidence of iodividuals May certamly make them •
content themselves with the tiCtitious 'value shey re-
.ceive; but this confidence will have ah,end. The
successive depreciative bit he paper-money must ne-,
eessar ly lead to a crisis which the unioll'uf the 11ank_
and Government cannot preVent.
" The administration of the finances of France pre-'
seats quite another aspect. There- the revenue is
(vial to the
.exoei•ditrire. Fefeign and es„pensive
war has not in the least deranged• the systc kl. Tho •
s.tierY (A t tie State does nut rest on hypothetic ealcu,
talons. 'rho e,conoinin regimen.of tiiis vast earphe
is as simple as that of a fahrily ; Lie systetifol twits
leaks no uneasiness for the future; theqiebts of the
past are provided flo, and there is no intention of.
contracting new debts. In a word, the lacgest
Suite in Europe is the least in debt, ; and the insti- ,
stitutioo of the Bank augments the circulation of
specie, without creating any apprehension as to toe
solidi ,y of its paper. • •
If, from an examinations of the finances, we
poaces_d to that of tire internal administration of the
two countries, we find every Session of the. British-
Parliament offering , fresh enormities, or teeming
with fruitless accusations for the putt stunent of past
misconduct, or unaviiiling comp;aints- in order topic-.
vent the•future errors of ;Ministers. Still the blood
and treasures of the natioaare. lavished its disastrous
expeditions, Ind the citizens are -ftprey to .a'spirit
o:.faaton, the toserunner of imarchical-disiurbanceS.
Ireland, still separate, notwithstanding its union is.
in a manne, proscribed,: as tO three tourrhs'ot ht r
• population, and subject, with regard to her worship,
her peasantry, and her existence, to itegituus
rep-
`tridions. France., on the contrary, every session
of the. Legislative Body has been dfSt.oghished by io-
stitutions adapte.l to the interests an the maoners
of the nation. Every people called to Make pah of
this vast•eml-ire, have in tacitly entered" upon the ens
joymeuts of rhea,: netts 'of a legislation to all pro-
tective and equal'. Thus have the arts, the scences.,
and literature, eiety where taken a new flight ; and
the distinguished prndations which haVe.:dharac-
trised this reign, w:ll not •be lost-to future genera-
tions. Here agriLuiture, the -first, of arts', has
made a Most, retninkable, progress;' and France,
.thus fertile, may bar er her surpics toff the:com-
modities she ‘van:s. 'Thd 1-j o:.!ged prOft bi rioll of
+tits SUN,'" Ct-t in-
dustry ; a .few year, pers',..Vert nce in. this wise policy
will secure the existence of the new mahulaCtures
-that hate sprung up in the interi6r. Tee Engiish
'Government, perhaps ,at this moment, persists in
makingwar only for the interests of iss commerce,
pry .!ay diminishes its athantages-:--every cam-
paign prec pirates its rum.
. The manufietwies of London, Birmingham, and
Manchester, are deserted. Thousands of artizans
have no other, means of subsistence but the' poor-
rates. The markets of the Contieent are shut to
their productions, whilst Frencbrnerchandize every
where findsvent and purchasers. The interrup-
tion of colonial commerce is to France only a (ran-
. sient evil, from which resUlt.permanent advantages.
She pays dearer for a few foreign commhdities, but
she abounds in the necessaries of life. •,.I)nriog this
;interruption Of her communications with ddereot.
cOuntries, her internal wit igation is improving, and
highways :tie, in all directions, opening between
provinces, the diversity of whose productions pre-
sents the must advaniageOus and solid commerce to
the ingenuity of the speculator, the industry of the
arti.un, or the labour of the agriculturist. .
" What are the advantages that England derives
from a monopoly odious to all nations?: A few in-
dividuals grow rich, but the mass- of rhe people
sutler. = t p4rfl.colar speculation, that- of having
the broketage of foreign Commodities; the GO-
vernrnent sacrifices the more solid advantage which'
it previously drew flout the national industry. It
has reduced a part of its population to a state of
tusery ; it teaches .the rest hf Europe to dispense
with its productions; it place, itseV at the mercy
of events ; it makes its power and
.wealth- suhordi-
. nate to, resourees w hich are-cplite frit eign to it. Tire
superiority of its marine• dazzles its eyes. It is by
having a few,vessels more, that • it thinks to atlett
the inevitable ascendaocy of France. It is by the•
acquisition of a few petty islands, that it thu•ks to
counterbalance the incorporation of itlai!y large
States with the great empire ! But how much
has the relative. power ut' England and France
changed since 1803 ?
" With less pride in his pretensions, ith more.
fraakness in his policy, the genius of Napoleon has
laid the. foundations of a power henceforth 14111110Ve-
able. The war of 1,805, which Mr, Pitt looked
upon as a masterpiece of policy, gave .1136:.10 tite.
League -of the Rhine, and the kingdoms of West-
phalia, Holland, and Naples. That of,Prus'&a, ex-
tetdect the boundaries of the League of --the Hittite
to the Vistula; and the obstinacy of-the British.Go-
venni-rent, in refusing every overture of pece, -alter
the treaty of Tilsit, and, during the conferences at
Eder!), and the intrigues carried on in ripain
,and
Po-tugal against France, have put , the peninsula
tinier- the inevitable dominion of the Empire.:
the last efforts:of the disciplesof.Mr. Pitt
s- to seduce the Austriah Cabinet, have /aid, between.

[PRICE ,SIXPENCIL HALFFENNI.

two nations .made to esteem each other, the fourti
datipns_•-of a pe36.., of which a recent august alliiince
will per.f)e!ua:ellie duraiivn. _

f` ThuS has France been successively strengthen,. •
ed by all the allies that-England at • the' Om•
mot:eta-lent of the war of the ltewo:ution ; and the'
English Ministry, constantly blundering in the em. •
ployreent of its mili;ary-means, has siiewo an equal,
Wantot foresight itt its political combinations.. They
might have appeared with some advantage, cr at. all
etc-tits with some honour, in the field -.of battle,
when the armies of the Coalitions maintained the
contest with France: those memorable • .
campaigns, -there were tweuty occasiolas in- which -
40,000 English, landed in Italy Qr Germany, might
have created a diversintoroty beneficial. Me then thq
Eeglish Mtni!stry were employed only in suk h ex pedi-
tionsns,- that of Coeenhagen; They thotreht less of
:see, ing t ban of weA•retain g. all of them,
..and decal oying even the te,y of a marl-
[line and.commerc.al •PoWer. Their cmidect has di'.
covered their secret. They becattee sensihie at their.
error, when Orr; UtieXpe:ited victories of Fr.,,,ce de. -
prived.thern of al) hope of repairingeit:, From that
moment, as to ,a war by, land,_they ought. only to
have)akena, d fmsive attitude ; yet; all of a shdrlen,
they assumed the defensive; when they had not ,ittiF
else to-expect but the nseles& lasS,at men and money.
Oet of one error they haVe fallen i to another, and,
put to hazard their internal secnrity, wi bout re..
'conquering
,t lit military. hour they had lost. The
isame spirit of abstirdityvniadethem undertake and
misconduct the expeditions to Spain and Walcheren. •
They will, exhibit nearly the ,sane results in the •
history of the war. Hitherto the English army
seems only to have kept its ground because thr
was no French army to contend with it. -But the
Ministers themselves- have no serious intention Of
defending Portugal when, it Shall. be, regularly at..
tacked. 'Soon, they will only be embarrassed. as La-
the means of saving the ,fragments of an army that
would have been better employed iti the defence of
"their own territory.
"'This .is the sum,total, of the present war, that •
• of hating given to,Frauce•all the allies that England
had at the commencement of it---having augmented
the direCt ,dominion , of France by a population 0f...
from 30,900,000 of anhahitauis,--haring given
, her an extent of more: than taoo leagues orecoast,
many maritime ports of, the first rank, and' several
new dock-bards on the North sea, the Ocean,
Me-
diterranean, and -Adriatic-Adriatic-•--haring-having git en la-Z,r a Cot;-
titrental commerce; whidli the 18 hole ~British navy
cannot -obstruet-=--ati influence
.which nothing can
henceforward diminish. As to England, theresult
of eight years of war has been soeh an :ncrease of
l cr dehf and expenditure,. that she can ma longer
du- without paper money, the 'Jir . step- towardss
bankruptcy the augmentation, and the nece's--
sity of, a Still greater augmentiAiiin,.Of.
tuna ea.r.VliSntDellr, whicti t -Oki of alt pro p-01.006
to her population and her demands for. the defencei
;of her colonies—tip( of being left, as to -her -lb.
:reign Concerns, in the same insulated state in which
.she wished to place: France,' with the loss of all her
commercial relations with the Continent of Europe
-(for thealliance she still Maintains iiiiihTtirkey will
;tie as short-lived as the alliance which prOlotigs the
calamities of the 'Spanish peninsula)—that of soon
`havingto watch :0000 leagues of coast, -and sixty
maritime ports, whence,- in defir-ince of her, will
sally forth numerous fleets capable of disputing with
her the freedom of the seas : when that moment
shall have arrived; England will be struck with ter-
Tor at the alays dug by a succession of weak or per.
fiction§ Ministers.

If the present can supply any certain date, for
Calculating tie future, this. war must gradually pro-
`,dace the .abSolute I ruin of that once flodrishin,;,
na-
tion. Hitherto she has supported. her financial .555.
tem by uncommon efforts and extiaordinary ad-
vantages that are daily diminishing. She has sup-
ported - here maritime and. military establishment
by the divisiocs she has fostered'amott the con.
!Menial. powers-----by the • treachery and desertion
of_ foreign Soldiers and sailors, whom she has taken •
into 1,1. pay. .She has,.4or a time, prq6oged the eit-
iitence of her commerce by smuggling.• She had no
•fear for her colonies, owing tattle traces-44 to which
-:she reduced Fralice of . attending exclalively to (be
Affairs of the Continent.. But, at length, a general
tranquility is on the point of being established ; and •
England, which hitherto has had to defer-kJ only fO..
'reign interests, is oil the eve of fighting,--pro.uris et
focus; and then it is that het weakness will bocoluts
manifest. The actual tuperiority; of her marine, and'
the vast extent. of her -colonies, cannot sme her.
We have just shewn, that Slyvy,ll he_Compelled to
' augment tier naval expenditure, to which tie profits
of luor commelce will be inadequate. Meanwhile,
she will neither have. foreign seamen; nor shii.=tirri-
ber, nor iron, and the other materials, which ,he has
hitherto procured at -a low. price from rite North.
If she designs to follow up her system of blockade, .
she will require an estabiknment double of what she
• nokr-bas•; and her cruizing squadrons, always weak
or will be,' at kngthr beaten or to:ted
tO shun the conflia. The loss of twenty naval en-
gagements will, not compel France to abandon her •
system ; within her ,:own territory, or that of 11,:r al-
ties, she will possess all the means of repairing her
loSses. If she gains a single battle, the mai 'lime su-
periority of England will. nave vanished, and 60,n0u
men, encamped at Boulogne, will make t.liche lords
of the ocean tremble to ail eternity.,

"In the enormous extent of the tolunies of.
England, there. is 'undoubtedly something to titter
the. pride of those wilo judge superficially, of the
force of a State. .But ibis colossal power castles
withinitself the seeds of. destnietion. The colotyial
system received a violeut shock by the separation of

\ •
t"•••,r•:•••4
1,-; 14, r;••
,
''')- ;• ti'
4•••• 4.,• .0; 1..4 •4y It

p 1.

••,ne United States Gf America'. Tice revolt .of
'lo *tog. gave the.4econd• example,. The bl:)ody
intii,zues of the English Ministry in Spain may lead,
' to the Ind. pendence of the Spanish colonies; and
th;s rcvOlution, in which it • absurdly seems to re....
joire, advanccs the epoch of that wloch must iuevi
'ably ettect, in both hemispheres—the independence
ttt colOnivs powerful etwugh to defend themselves,
and rich ennuy,h to subsist Upon their awn resources.'
The English Ministry,,, blinded by ambition,• ha-
tred, and ctpidity, has, 16ng btore-harid, been Ke-
paritig those calamities which' will prove fatal to
England alone. The French EnCpite, where the
revel ue, the expenditure, the immense popula-'
lion, and the. military establishment, are so cont-
pirtely brmonizedo &quires, in, reality, nothing but
a tree commerce, hi order to avail herself of all the
we'll!) of the universe. Her industry, and the sur- -
plus 61 her territorial produce, will procure for her
all the eujoyments of Asiatic -luxury, at
,a smaller
eXpence than the establishment of distant colo-..
•

. .
. _
4( E,,gland; on the contrary, cannot behold this
1
revolution without sin mg into a pol,ver.of the third
order. In vain wool she pretend to engross the
commerce of the whole 'world* by the superiority Of.,
her navy. This,' superiority, as we. have .already
observed, may' be disputed with-her. . Besides,.she '
eaerly clings to the,extent of . her. colonial posseS-
sions, which she must defend. In the event of a -
general separation of the _great colonies,,froni their
mother countries; they Will desire commercial indd-
' pendetice, after 'estattlishing political‘ independence.
England mill then have to maintain), in 311 partk. of
the woild,l'ittai contest which has been protra6ted,
for these la., three ye6rs, with the United ,States. '
The terms of ,the contest may vary, but the substance
will "remain the same; and its inevitable result
niust, be the abolition of the Odious laWs which
Glrat Britain wishes to' impose upon the rest of the
World. •

".While this grand epoch is in train; a change,
fatal to the-inte►est of &gland, is operating in the
commeice or Europe. Thq continental comtnuoi...

. .
cations of one State with-another ate brginning to
be cartied on with more regularity ; their industry
is improving; their agriculture makes remarkable
progress. . The impolitic war in which Thrice), has
been involved, retards the epoch when new routes
will be ot cited to European commerce into the very
heart of Asia. But whatever be the issue of this
struggle, Constantinople mist be the rampart' of the
continental s} stem. 'Great rivers form a conveyance
front the extremities of. Europe:to the,: very foot of
its walls; a land=locked sea carries its vessels to the
centre of Asia ; and against such advantages the
English Navy will .be absolutely inefficient. Con-
stantinople is the terror of the British commerce.—
Hence the Ministry has always endeavoured to keep
that Power in ignorance of her means, or to make
her miSapply.them4 But the revolution which must

occur in ihjcoinmerce of the world is approaching,
and that revolution will reduce England to her pro-
per station, if some catastiophe do not precipitate
her ruin in a more violent limner."

[FROM THE 310NITEUR.]

CILIDA)D lionritco.77-ALmgrnA.---:-On the sth
the 'Mai-oral Prince of E.islipg sent a party of 800
horse to drive m all..the English posts which were
before hid, and to'reconnoitre the position of the
English army. These posts all fell back, a”.l utsly
a few Skilmislhes took place. The enemy had his
left wing 'supy:orted by Fort Conception, and his
line extended alot.ig_ the rugged mountain which
lOoks towards Almeida. On observing our recon-
noitritig party, he dreW out eleven; battalions, eight
squadrow,, and seven pieces of cannon. The ac-
counts of the peasants make the enemy's army to
be withdrawing beyond the frontiers of Portugal,
that the English left the defence of Almeida to the
Portugue,e, and that Lord Wellington had placed
ttib Spaniards On his flanks and in his front.

Parties have been sent to reconnoitre the English
army. The 3d company of grenadiers of the•.,..-).cd
regulars, which was sent to support one. of these
parties, was surrounded on leaving a village, by a
party' of 400 English horse. Captain Gouache im-
mediately formed his company into a square, re-
ceived three successive discharges from all .the ca-
valry, and killed 24 men and 20 horses belonging to.
the enemy, who then left him without any of his
grenadiers having even been wounded. The sabres
of the enemy were all warded off by the bayonets
or muskets. Captain Gouache and Serjtant Patris
Were particularly distinguished in this attion by their
preserice.ot mind and bravery.

Ciudad Rodrigo is putting in a. state of defence;
,and preparations are making for speedily undertaking
the siege of Almeida.

• ASTCRIAS:—BiscAY.The English had embaik-
ed,i 'on beard-One of their light squadrons, tWo or
three thottsand robbers from the Asturias and'Galli:
cia, for the purpose of making landings on the coat
of Biscay, in concert with .sarne detachments of
their troops. They were successively put on shore
at San tona' and Bermee, where the sigilapce and
aaivity of the French Commanders did not ;giVe
them time to aa: They nevertheless succeeded .in
destroying two or three small batteries, and in car,
ruing oft' some fishing-boats. To such aleat *as.
confined that expedition from which the greatest re-
sults, were expected. -They found every point so
w ell -guaided, that they could not even send on
shore arms, ammunition, and...,clothing, which had:
been demanded by several Chiefs of bands. They
expected that their appearance on 'this coast would
have occasioned an insurre&ion, but they were once
more mistaken ; their landings did not prOduce the
sinal;eNt degree of; sensation :• on the contrary, the
inhabitants of Biscay observed, with contempt, the
employment of such wretched means; this was also
a pew proof for them of the absolute impotency of
the insurgents and their allies to Undertake any thing
serious against the points which are occupied by our
troops. , .

MAILS.
a RIVZ-t Dublin, 2 Waterford. Dut—x Cadiz.

PRICE OF *STOCKS

THIS DAY AT TiVtLVE O'CLOCK.
4:14:1501% 63 '1 69 Red. Ann. .

THE SUN.

80LEM QUIS DICZRZ,FXLSUM AtILIZAT?

L 0 N D 0 A' .

FRIDAY, AUGUST 10, IRIO,

In the Moniteurof the ad inst. from whict. we
have made .some ExtraBs, there ate some observa-
tions upo,n .the Expedition lately undertaken iabng
the Northern Coast of :Spain, which BUONAPARTE
endeaVours to represent as having totally failed is its
object. It is, however, a little singular, that if the
.Expedition was so very contemptible, it should have
had the' effeCt 'of irritating BUONA PARTE to •stult;'a,
deogree as to make him write the angry, paragraph to
which we, are alluding. The'Moniteur asserts, that
MASSE NTA is aboUt to uwdertake the siege of Al-

.
We stated yesterday that the Argus, an Rig-
lish Newspaper which has been published in Paris
ifor several years, has been discontinued. We Have
extraled its expiring Manifesto-against this country,
and when BuoNAPArmn,will permit articles written
in Englandnponithe state 'ol Fronce to be published
.in
.France.,, 'we shall be inclined to give sortie credit
to the assertions which he• makes iesPeelini, the
happy and contented situation of'his snbjeas; 'One
of the Obje is of this article is to prove,
.that the
,Finances
-cif England are in a \desperwe state, while
those of France are in: the most flourishing condi-
tion. 'lt asserts that the Sinking Fund bas not been
produaive of any benefit, as a proof of which we
are gravely told that the. National Debt is greater
than it was when the Sinking Fund was first esta.
hlished; thai is to say, that the Sinking Fund has not
been equal, to the expenditure of sixteen years of the
most extended and expensive war that this country'
was ever engaged in ! The Argus ,or rather BuoNn-
PARTE, has forgot to slate the immense sum that has
been redeemed by the Sinking Fund, and that, by
the means of that wise measure, the Financial Cre-
dit of this country has remained unimpaired during
the most eventful and trying period that.this coun-

try ever experienced. -
The Trade of Great Britan is the next obje4 of
the Writer's attack; and upon this subjed his rage
has involved him in the most glaring and ridiculous
Inconsistencies. At one, moment he admits that
England has almOst monopolized the trade of the
world,, and can only console his Readers by pre-
dicting disputes between England-and lier Colonies,
;and by asserting that Constantinople is to be wrested,
from the Turks, and to be made the emporium of
'the Trade between Europe and the East ; and at
another he as positively maintains that the fair com-
merce of England is quite annihilated, and that she.
Only maintains berslf by a little smuggling
But that part of the article which we presume is
intended to excite the greatest consternation in this
country is the threat of invasion from Boulogne.—..
We are told that we cannot always maintain our
naval superioritY, and that if we are once defeated—
what is. to be'the consequence I—Why 60,000 men
from Boulogne are to make us tremble to all eter-
nity ! I li—Cowardice is not, we believe, in general
the chargieridtic of the people of Great Britain and
Ireland, but if, after the battles of Alexandria,
of Maida, of Vimeira, of.Corunna, and of Talavera, -
we should tremble at 00,000 men from Boulogne,

we really must, have such a propensity to quaking,
_
that it would not be at all surpri,ing if the fit.was, as
BtjONAPARTE says, to last to all eternity. , •

Private, letters from Buenos Ayres speak of some
unpleasant occurrences having taken place' at LiMa,
With which we were before unacquainted. All the
particulars we are as yet in possession of are con-
tained in the following. letterfrom Buenos .Ayres,
dated 2d May last :,-,
The news from Lima by last post, of the ex-
ecutipu of the principals in the late intended in-
surreclion Quito,,basexasperated the Creolet to
a violent degree. Arm n; the number executed (in
all- 39) are. four I.l.4arquisca. and Counts, eight
Clergymen, and fourteen Lawyers, and the President,
the Marquis Of, Stqva Alegre, a man of great note,
mentioned byliambolt. l'am afraid they will dear,
ly pay fur This ill-timed. severity the moment the,
hourly-expected. news of the de.ttuttion of the Spa-
nisla cause in Europe is known." •

We learn that during the last month no troops had
passed throtigh .E-rance in the direilion of Spain.—
The general opinion at Park was that the war in
thatcOuntry would be much protraated. - New or-
ders hal been-given -for the speedy equipment of the
fleets in the Scheldt and the Texel.
Yesterday her. Grace the Duchess of IhCtTMOND,
attended by a largo retinue of servants, lett town for
Irethnd. • •

On the .27th ult. Mr. McDonald, of the Greyhound
Inn, Malmsbury, -perished in one of his casks, be-
ing: suffocated by the impure air; he his left a
widow and five children. The cask was only ti feet.
inches in depth,.' "and the -deceased= was 5 feet
:inches high. A pail of water thrown into a lull
cask previous to entering it would effectually pre-
dude any ill effeas.
-
Permission has been obtained itp hold the trials,
at the ensuing Assizes; for the county of,Nortitutn-
berland, in Saint Nicholas's Church, in Newcastle;
and the preparations for the courts are already in a
state of tOrwardness.