The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-30 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
!FAROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
G OBE.—A system is extensively acted upon
by the Newgate authorities under the sanction of
the Prison Committee, which, if not firmly, re-
sisted by
.the attorneys and barristers of the Cen-
tral Criminal Court, will tend to create a mono-
poly of practice, at once injurious to the profes-
sion and to the administration of public justice.
The poorer class of prisoners are especially sufferers
from the practice alluded to. At the moment
of their trial, these unfortunate creatures find them-
selves destitute of counsel, who, they supposed, had
been entrusted with their defence, but who neither
appear in person or by proxy. Their absence is not even
accounted for or supplied—for this best of all reasons,
there is no responsible person, in the character of at-
torney or agent, to attend to the case, or to see that some
gentleman of the bar holds a brief for the prisoner.
This has long been a crying evil in the Court alluded
to. Judges have frowned, and Aldermen on the
rota, with others of the grave and reverend Seigniors of
the Civic Bench, have promised to interfere, to see
that the case of the unfortunate prisoners, if conducted
by counsel, should be properly prepared, and their
defence arranged with regard teethe grounds on which
they proposed to rest their proof of exculpation, or
their appeal for the merciful consideration of the
court. The cause of the inconvenience and injuries
to the prisoners so frequently complained of, on
being inquired into, were found to originate
in the reception of briefs by counsel from hands
that are not strictly professional. Barristers
had not been sufficiently tenacious of etiquette. They
had not strictly inquired, before accepting it, whe-
ther a brief for a prisoner's defence was indorsed by an
attorney of her Majesty's Court of Queen's Bench.
Hence, disreputable persons had found access to
prisoners or their friends ; had taken their money,
scraped together with difficulty, and at the expense of
many sacrifices, and had then, either wholly or par-
tially, neglected the necessary arrangements for the
defence. When their trial came on, the wretched pri-
soners found that their witnesses had: not been got to-
:tether ; and often that counsel had not been instructed.
The attorney or agent was either not in court, or
some false excuse was trumped up to meet the occa-
sian. Well, how have these wise and virtuous re•
formers of abuses in the Court of which they are
permitted by the Legislature to be the controllers
and directors, proposed to cure these evils ? The'
obvious course would have been to take effective mea-
sures for excluding unauthorised practitioners from
the Court ; to have kept a properly authenticated list
of the practitioners; copies of which list should be
exhibited in some conspicuous place in the pri-
son of the Court, and instructions given that none
but such, or their recognised clerks—except on the
special application of a prisoner—should be allowed
access to him, to receive instructions for preparing
his defence. The same, or somewhat similar,
checks, might be provided in the Court. Let a similar
list be made out, and supplied to each gentleman of
the Bar, among whom an understanding should exist
that no brief, except passing from one of these
accredited practitioners, shall be received by them.
A breach of this understanding should he regarded
as an offence against the rules of the Bar, and
subjecting the individual to censure, and, on repeti-
tion, to be dis-barred. But how have the City func-
tioneriee sought to reform the evils which have
existed ? By a plan at once invidious in design,
and inefficient in operation. A plan injurious and
unjust towards the practitioners of the Court,
the mejority of whom it excludes from a fair
competition, by creating a monopoly ; while it
frequently leaves the prisoners, for whose pro-
tection it professes to provide, positively without
the professional aid it promised to secure, and for
which they had paid their :noney to the prison autho-
rities, for the special purpose of procuring it. We
have received complaints from various quarters of the
strange interposition of the Newgate authorities, in
the way of advice and recommendation to prisoners as
to the attorney and counsel they should employ. We
were also assured that touting for business—of which
so much complaint was made from the civic function-
aries, as derogatory from the dignity of the profession,
and injurious to the interests of the prisoners—was
only transferred from the outside to the inside of the
nrison. --We were slow of belief that sunk practices were
permitted, much less sanctioned to any extent, and
refused to commit oursel% es to statements that e ere
obviously incompatible with the perfect freedom of
choice which even a prisoner accused of felony should
be allowed to exercise in his choice of an advocate.
Under duress, the accused may be supposed to be in-
fluenced by hope that, if he comply with the sugges-
tion of his gaoler—in his circumstances possessing the
force of a request, if not of a command—some specific
or undefined advantage will accrue to him by coin-
pliatkce, either before trial, or after conviction, if he be
found guilty.
STANDARD.—We presented, yesterday, to our
readers, a pretty full report of the proceedings at the
opening of the New, and now " Royal" Exchange,
up to the time of our ring to press. We add, to-
day, such particulars as we were yesterday compelled
to omit, or as had not reached us in time. Nothing
of the kind could pass over in a manner more gratifying
than did yesterday's ceremonial. The day was auspi-
cious—a splendid day for the season. The arrange-
ments made by the military and police were
perfect, and observed, we would say, rather than en-
forced, with the utmost urbanity and gocd temper ;
and the people were, as they always are when the
subordinate functionaries of power will let them, in a
high degree of good humour, determined to be
pleased, and to welcome their beloved Queen with that
hearty welcome which Englishmen know how to offer.
The universal enjoyment was heightened by the un-
equivocal proofs afforded by her Majesty's gracious
smiles, that she fully participated in it; and if poli-
tical feeling, which so often " mars the fair face of a
festal day," was not altogether laid aside, we must
count all the hundreds of thousands who witnessed
the ceremony as stanch Conservatives, for nothing
could be more complimentary than the reception
everywhere of the Queen's Ministers, more particu-
larly the reception of Sir Robert Peel. The cere-
mony of yesterday is, indeed, distinguished in this
respect from every form or ceremony of the
description—that there was no expression of political
sentiment breathed through the day. Much of
this no doubt was due to the calming influence of
the Queen's presence; but we question whether
that influence, sweet and powerful as it must be,
would have produced the effect, bad there been any
bitter political feelings to agitate any portion of
the multitude : for the rest, we are not aware
that a single serious accident or the slightest
scuffle interrupted the general happiness of the day.
Whoever rightly considers the ceremony of yester-
day will see in it abundant reasons to be grate-
ful to the Divine Giver of all good, who has
so signally favoured this country ; and, in
humble submission to that gratitude, ample cause
for pride, to the progress and prospects of Eng-
land. The occasion of the fete which has just
passed, has reference to commerce ; but while we
honour commerce as it merits we must not
deify it, as we see in some a disposition to do.
England owes much of her wealth, and power, and
intelligence to commerce ; but to what does she owe
her commerce ? In the first place, to the favourable
position for defence, and for universal communication,
in which she has been placed by the Divine Ruler ;
next, to the hardy courage and indomitable energy of
her people, their high moral instinct, exalted and
strengthened by the blessed Reformation; lastly to that
wise system of government called "the constitution ;"
which, protecting the liberty of all, maintains im-
• partially the balance among all. It is with these ad-
vantages, and under shelter of this system, that com-
merce has grown out of agriculture ; and if the course
of progress is to be continued, agriculture must in
turn be repaid the debt from the accumulations of com-
merce. The prosperity of a merely commercial country
never has been, and never will be, permanent.
When, 270 years ago, Elizabeth opened the first
Royal Exchange, commerce stood in need of the
royal countenance and protection. The aristocracy
looked down upon the richest citizen with about the
same sense of superiority that a rich citizen would
now look down upon a farmer, a curate, a young
lawyer, or an humble professor of literature. These
wide and insulting distinctions, however, always
tend to enmity and opposition ; and by such oppo-
sition the resources of a people are dissipated, and
their opportunities of wealth and happiness lost.
Elizabeth was too wise not to see this, and she, there-
fore, took every opportunity of conferring dignity
upon trade. In our age there is no danger of trade
being treated with contempt, as we think yester-
day's exhibition abundantly testifies ; and, there-
flare, it is absurd to suppose that the compliment
of the Queen's visit was like Elizabeth's, ad-
dressed principally to the interests of commerce,
to the Lord Mayor of London, or to the re-
spectable gentlemen of the Gresham Committee. It
was an occasion for the Queen to meet all her people
—an occasion doubtless derNing much of its interest
from the ooneideration that Elizebeth had been a pro-
minent actor on a former occasion of the same kind ;
bat to meet her people—all her people, and to gratify
then by her presence, was the true motive of the
Queens visit.

A curious atitc-sOrie,:vliat-i.inis-ing incident occurred
in the Strand during the
It is usual on all such purring of
.the rod al pr.cessi •n
Ole police stationed in different°c castoas to have man , of
(.1 reg sed in coloured clothes, in order the of the streets 3
to tip an eye upon thieves and pickpockets. more k ff, ctually
these. men had discovered a common ethfe°feitet3.One of
picking," thp pocket of a student of Kin(%s in the act of
took him into custoly. At the same mbomenot College, and
of the constableslwho were keeping the line v; er es aboutsosome
to pounce urn him, mistaking their brother officer in
the coloured clothes fur a friend of the thi
him wef's who h
witheshedir
ft ) rescue him, they began. to belabour it
staves ; and it was not until after he had received several
very severe blows on the head that he succeeded in mak-
inithem believe tha he was what he represented him-
self, The thief was,t however, secured.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.

(From the London New Price Current, Oct. 29.)
SITGAR.—To-day buyers of West India Sugar came
forward with more freedom, and for bright yellow sorts
there was a good demand; indeed, the quantity on show
is not ample for the wants of the trade, and very full
rates were paid; in inferior kinds a fair business was
transacted, and generally upon former terms; but there
is still a large supply. The total purchases are 500 hhds,
&c., including a public sale of 144 hhds 6 trcs of Barbadoes
Sugar. which went upon former terms, excepting for the
low sorts, which are rather cheaper, the whole found
purchasers, fine selling at 62s 6d, good 59s to 60s 6d,
good middling 57s to 58s 6d, middling 56s to 56s 6d, and
low middling 55s to 55s 6d per cwt. The Sugar on show
is that principally worth from 53s to 57s 6d. Raw Sugar
is cheaper than at Liverpool, Bristol, or Glasgow, by 2s
to 5s per cwt.
REFINED.—To-day there was a good business trans-
acted in Refined Sugar for home consumption; brown
grocery lumps fetched 725, and standard lumps 73s per
cwt. Bonded crushed Sugar was much sought after,
and buyers were compelled to pay 28s 6d per cwt for
delivery. For Loaves an extensive demand has sprung
up, and the market has been nearly cleared, 400 hhds
have been sold, 101 b at 29s 6d per cwt.
MAURlTlUS.—lmporters have shown firmness, and
the market has been sparingly supplied with all descrip-
tions : by private contract some parcels have been dis-
posed of upon former terms : at public sale 89 bags
were disposed of, middling yellow at 545, low 51s 6d,
mid brown 465, and very low black brown 39s per cwt.
The quantity remaining in first hands is reduced to
12,000 bags ; there has been one small arrival since this
day week. The stock is rather less than it was last year
at this period.
EAST INDIA.—This afternoon at public sale 2,296
bags of Bengal Sugar were offered, the principal por-
tion consisted;of grey brown and inferior yellow, they
went off with heaviness, and a part only sold at rather
lower rates, brown at 40s to 435, low and middling yel-
low 50s to 53s 6d, good middling 57s 6d, good grey
57s 6d to 58s 6d, low and mid 52s to 565, but the better
kinds fetched full rates, middling white 59s 6d to 60s,
good mid and good 61s to 63s 6d, fine yellow Dobah 660 to
675, mid to good 61s to 645. Madras, 773 bags, duty paid,
and 1,344 bags, in bond, were offered at auction, the
former nearly all taken in, low brown 42s to 42s 6d,
washed 41s to 41s 6d, damp low to middling 42s to 445,
and good 47s to 51s ; the latter sold at lower rates, very
common damaged dark brown at 13s 6d to 14s 6d, mid
17s to 19s, better quality 22s 6d to 30s, and good sound
bright yellow 30s per cwt. For public sale on Friday
8,100 bags of Bengal Sugar were declared, 1,500 of
which consist of fine yellow chrystalised.
FOREIGN.—To-day- there was no public sale of Foreign
Sugar, and little business was transacted privately, but
holders would not submit to lower rates. On 'Change
a floating cargo of 700 chests of white Bahia was sold,
deliverable here, at 22s 6d per cwt, being a full price.
MOLASSES.—This afternoon, at public sale, 27 hhds of
Bengal Molasses, duty paid, were taken in at 21s, being
above the value, and 2 casks of Madras in bond at 7s 6d
per cwt.
COCOA.—This afternoon, 21 bags of Grenada Cocoa,
at public sale, fetched 42s 6d per cwt, for middling Red,
being the full value.
COFFEE.—The lower descriptions of West India Cof-
fee are abundant, and further reduced rates have been
accepted, still the trade purchased with caution ; for
the better kinds there are few orders, and prices are still
goi%g down. To-day there was little inclination to
purchase Ceylon Coffee, and 50s 6d to 51s per cwt
is the value of good ordinary. Mocha was in dull
demand, and 167 bales 10 cases at auction were
only partly sold at low rates—bold rather dull
greenish Mysore went at 38s to 403 6d. yel-
lowish mixed 395, low broken 18s to 225, and sea
damaged 31s to 58s, middling small sound greenish
mixed with Mocha was taken in at 655, and good mid
greenish Mocha at 75s per cwt. The stock of West
India Coffee at this port is 147 casks less, but of barrels
and bags 3,143 more than last year at this time. Of
Mocha it is 890 bales, and of Ceylon 21,696 bags greater
than in 1843 at this period, but of other East India sorts
it is 15,576 bags less than at that time.
TEA.—There has been more activity in the market
since this day sseek. Importers are less inclined to
realise, and none has been brought to public sale ; Con-
gou has been in good request but hollers are unable to
obtain any advance in prices; the rates previously
established are, however, sustained, large parcels
hate been sold at 10d to 10Id for common,
and 10d to lld per lb for good common. Of fine sorts
the supply at market is small, and they are held for stiff
rates. To-day several parcels of Tea were disposed of,
and at stiffer rates for the lower qualities. Common
sound Congou cash is with diffietilty to be purchased at
tOd per lb ; common yellow leaf Twankay is fetching
Is lza to is 21 per lb.
FRUIT.—To-day Cuirants met with increased atten-
tion and prices are firmer for Old, Zante and Cephalonia
fetching 41s to 425, Patras 42s to 44s—New Patras are
47s to 50s, and Zante 46s to 47s per cwt. Valentia
Raisins are much wanted, but there are at present none
in the market. Of Turkey Pulled Figs none are left in
first hands.
RUM, BRANDY, AND Hor,LANDs.—There has been a

much better demand fur IA eward Island Rum, and the

rates paid are rather above those formerly quoted —the
market for Jamaica has been quiet and only a limited
business has been transaeted.hy- shippers or the home
trade ; 100 puns have been sold at 4s tO 4s 2d for fair
quality 30 to 32 per cent overprcof. ' Demerara
guilty selling at 3s 3d to 3s 6:1. For Calcutta Rum
2s 31 proof has been raused for a large parcel. Prices
are fully supported for Brandy, and a good d, mend exists
at the following rates, viz, :—Cognac, best brands of the
vintage of 1838, hhdsf 5s Id, puns 4s lld ; 1839, hhds
4s I Ord, puns 4s 8d ; 1840, hhds 4s 10d, puns 4s 8d ; 1841,
hhds 4s 9d, puns 4s 7d ; 1842, hhds 4s 6d, puns 4s 4d,
low 3s to 3s 3d, and middling 3s 4d to 3s 10d. Geneva
has been taken sparingly; export sort at is 9d to is 10d,
and fine for duty at 2s 6d to 3s 6d. Prices are still sup-
ported fur English Corn Spirits. To-day an increased
desire was shot., a to purchase Brandy, and large parcels
were disposed of at firm rates, 4s 4d and 4s 6d paid for
Cognac best brands of the vintage of 1842.
RICE.--To-day East India Rice was sought after, and
some parcels were disposed of privately at full rates ;
600 bags of Madras at auction were however only partly
sold, in consLquence of rather higher prices being asked—
mid rather dusty and broken went at 9s 6d to 10s, low
ditto 9s to 9s 6d, and sea damaged 5s to Ss 6d per cwt.
SPICES.—To- day at public sale 80 bags of Bourbon
Cloves were sold at lower rates, and went at 9d to 94d
for middling, 8d to 8;lel for low, and fild to 7d for sea
damaged ; 958 bags of Malabar Ginger were taken in
at 20s per cwt for common, being above the value ; 18
boxes of Cassia Lignea were taken in at 50s for broken
large quill, being more than it was worth ; 18 bags of
White Pepper at 5d per lb for middling dingy, being
above the value.
Saco.—The demand is on the increase, and prices are
looking up. Thu stock is reduced to a small ebb :
common pearl has been selling at 14s to 15s, middling
16s to 18s, good 19s to 21s, and fine 22s to 24s per cwt.
Sago Flour has been taken sparingly, at 18s to 19s per
cwt. For Arrowroot prices are kept low by the large
stock.
TALLow.—A lthough the market has been well sup-
plied with American Tallow, still prices are supported ;
252 pipes 22 hhds 5 brls of South American at public
sale fetched 34s to 39s 6d : 224 casks North American
melted 39s to 40s 9d : of 127 casks New South
Wales were disposed of at 38s to 41s 3d per cwt.
There has been a good business transacted in Rus-
sian on the spot, and prices rule firm, new P. Y.
Candle at 41s to 41s 6d, and old 40s 6d to 41s 9d per
cwt ; but for delivery there are few purchasers, and
there are sellers of new to the end of the year at 40s 9d
to 41s ; Town Tallow is much in request at 42s to 42s 6d
per cwt net cash, and the market is still moderately sup-
plied. There have been large arrivals of Russian.
OILS.—The market has been better supplied with
Sperm Oil, and a decline in prices has taken place ;
at public sale 80 tuns went at 851 to 891 for Oil, and
94115 s per tun for headmatter. For common Fish Oil
the demand has been limited, and prices have de-
clined 20s to 30s per tun for Southern, 100 tuns at
auction selling at 261 lOs to 331 for low to fine
quality ; for all other sorts prices are drooping, 35/ to
3515 s accepted for pale Seal, and 331 per tun for Cod ;
there is, however, not a large quantity offering for sale,
and stocks are by no means heavy ; Linseed Oil at
23s 9d to 24s per cwt. Rape Oil Pale selling at 35s 6d
to 365, and brown 34s fid to 45s per cwt ; few purchases
have been made. Cocoa Nut Oil at 263 3d per cwt.
Palm at 26s to 275. In the value of Olive Oil no varia-
tion has taken place.
INDlGo.—There has been a good home and export
demand for East India since this day week, and 300
chests have been disposed of at prices fully equal to those
of the last quarterly sales prices ; there is nothing
pressing upon the market. Prices are is to Is 5d per lb.
lower than they were last year at this time. Spanish is
held for the former currency.
COCHINEAL—This afternoon 157 bags of Honduras
were offered at public, and two-thirds sold at a decline
on former rates of ld per lb. ; low to good bold silvers
went at 4s 2d to 4s 6d per lb.

COURSE OF EXCHAi
Amsterdam CF. 12 6
Ditto, at sight l2 4
Rotterdam 2U. 12
Antwerp 25 90
liamburgh M.B. 13 13
Al tona l3 13
Paris, 3 days' sight._ 25 60
Ditto, 3 months 25 85
Marseilles
Bourdeaux 25 90
Frankfort on Maine l2l

GE.—(YESTERDAY.)
Gibraltar
Leghorn 3O 50
Genoa 25 85
Milan
Venice .
Naples 39.4
Palermo, per oz llB
Lisbon 55
Oporto 55
Rio Janeiro 23
Bahia 23
Buenos Avree
NewYork,2ldys sight
Philadelphia
rnicEs OF BULLION, PER OZ.
Foreign Gold, bars..X3 17 9
Portugal Gold Coin 3 17 5
New Doubloons-- 0 0 0
New Dollars 0 4 97,
Silver in ears 0 4 ll

.......-
Petersburgh, 3Us 37
Berlin 7
Vienna, (Alec. 11.3 M 953
'Trieste, ditto
Madrid 36

361
lnilbao 36
Barcelona 36

Seville —

THE CROPS IN WEST LOTHIAN.—The crop o'er
hill and dale is now secured, and a capital one it is. The
barnyards are filled to overflowing, with many a goodly
row of ricks outside the fences, and all stores in excel-
lent conditiou—the last the best. What trial,: of the
crop have been made tell well, both in quantity ani qua-
lity—a'l sound wholesome stuff', and plenty of it. Po-
tatoes have lifted well, and, notwithstanding some partial
failures, are a full crop—in proof, they are now sslling at
ttch,rfiemss storing
Scotland
process is. 9i. . The turnip crop is also good, and in some cases
esLainisligthoging, ohnir,few,ith the ground in such
. is but seldom witnessed in this district. Judging
there is such an iibundant°%cs
in such excellenrsto=t"
we rejoice to think
another years's con-
sumption,th Nelda clear than drainage is lcommencedrove with,. and
iou. No sooner are
irr.ppapetnr.ents is yearly
the change which this first-of-all-
effecting is truly wonderful.—Scotch