The Sun.
London, England, 1826-12-05 00:00:00

eves analogous to the Invert principle of fixed oils. It 'bold
seem that originally it was no other than olive oil, containin;
some sauce (salsa) rather vegetab4 than animal, since the distil
lation of it has not furnished any compotinds of asote.

NAPLES, NOV.

Nicola Covelli, of the Royal Bourbon Museum, is charged with
the analysis of the substances found at Pompeii.

Extract,. of a private letter, of the 22d tilt., from
Madrid : •
" The Government received official intelligence, this morning,
that the Portuguese who had taken refuge upon our territory were
going to enter into Portugal, divided into three colUmns, and that
General Sylveira was at the head of the expedition. This even-
ing a second report has arrived, in which it is announced that
they have marched into Portugal, taking simultaneously the. road
to Brogans& it was thither also that. the horses bought by Gen.
Sylveira were sent, and for that place the Portuguese deserters set
out on the 12th,' the very day on which expresses were dis-
patched for Paris and' elseivhere, to announce that Our Go-
vernment would not interfere in the affairs of Minute!, and
that the arms and equipments of the deserters would
be given up. Benevento, therefore, was head -quarters for
One column of troops, whilst Oreille, WhiCh is in Galicia what
Benevento is. in Old Castile, formed another head-quarters, to
which arms, ammunition, and horses, were likewise sent. Al-
though Gen. Qtieeada was too enlightened to give his approbation
to the invasion of Portugal, sad did nothing personally in favour
of it, he was under the necessity of obeying the commands of
his Government, and, in consequence, about one thousand deser-
ters, who were at Ecija, departed for Estramadura by Cavallo,
which is the shortest way to the frontiers of Algarves. Thus, the
forces of the rebels, threatening two provinces of Portugal at the
same moment.--namely, that of Tras-os-Moutes and that of Al-
garves—compal the Government to direct its attention upon two
different.points, and consequently to divide its forces. Four Spa-
nish regiments have been sent iu pursuit of the rebels, but these
may be
.considered as a kind of succour for the Portuguese,
rather than as troops sent to check their operations.
—lt is said that Mr. Lamb, who knew what was.
going on, had a note ready to deliver as soon as the pro
jected movement should be.put into execution. This note, it is
said, has been sent to-day, and concludes by his Excellency
threatening to demand passports, unless Spain gives a satisfactory
explanation relative to the movement of the Portuguese, which
is an open infraction of the convention lately entered into.—
No*, the project of the Portuguese was not unknown to all
the world, for a Council was held upon it : and as it being cer-
tain that a majority of the Ministers were opposed to their
plans, four new Counsellera of State were nominated, three
of whom were for war with Portugal. After all, however,
the Council broke up without coming to any resolution.—
The conduct of our Government in this affair is certainly
of a nature to give umbrage to the Powers which were
parties to 'the Convention, and particularly to England,
and may possibly issue in a war between Spain' and Portugal.—
Ignorance of an invasion being contemplated may be alleged, but
whilst the rebels were openly allowed to collect stores and buy
horses, it will be very difficult to persuade England that Spain was
not privy to it. It cannot be denied that our Government, pro-
perly called, is aware of the imminent danger to which its conduct
exposes it ; but it is hurried along by the Apostolical party, who
have the Royalist Volunteers at their disposal, and threaten to ex-
cite them to revolt, unless projects favourable to their ambition be
carreid into execution. The Government seems to have bad to
choosibetwein exposing Itself to the wrath of the Apostolicals,
and suffering the Portuguese rebels to invade their country.
Whether it has chosen the least of the two evils it is for time to
show."

The American Ilaytian schooner La Union, Banks, Master,
from Port-au-Prince, bound for London, is arrived at Deal, loaded
with coffee and logwood. This vessel is the first arrived under
the Haytian flag, her master and crew being all blacks ; it is said,
that Mr. Fisher is a passenger, and the bearer of the Commercial
Treaty negocirted
_by Mr. Mucken2ie, our Consul-General, be-
tween the British and Haytian Government.. .

In a preceding part of our Paper will be found
a very seesible letter on the law of bastardy, in answer
to some observations which we made upon that ec subj t
a few days ago. It will be seen that our correspondent
has evidently mistaken the tendency of our remarks,- as
well as the spirit in which they were dictated. 'We are
by no means advocates for exonerating the parities of
bastard children from the charge of supporting them, far
from it ; our objection applies to the extreme avidity
with which the Parish pounces upon the trans-
gressors of the law, by holding them amenable to
possible expences long before they become even pro-
bable. The Parish Officers in their exclusive
ardour to protect the Parish from contingent expences,
often commit injustice without meaning it, by holding
parties to book before they are legally liable, and so
precipitate disclosures, to the certain disgrace of the
woman, and the confusion of the man, till both parties
find themselves unable to meet the gaze of reckless
curiosity, and so endeavour to hide their shame from
the world ; whereas, if left alone till they came within
the pale of the law, the world might remain in happy
ignorance of the matter by the marriage of the parties,
which would so far compensate society for the momentary
outrage upon morals by hushing the scandal among those
whose interest it would be to keep it secret. But in
saying this, we would not be understood as holding
out inducements to depravity, by the chance of escape.
We know too well that licentious people will abound
in spite of 'the corrective influence of our laws, and
our only wish is, that those who are comparatively
innocent should not be visited with a severity which
even fails to awe the viciously guilty, who are aban-
doned to all sense of shame and reproach. Our vir-
ttlOUS Correspondent feels naturally indignant that
vice should be allowed a wider scope of action, and
the illicit indulgence of depraved habits, without
being rendered liable to, the consequence of its
iniquity, and we. entirely agree with him. We
think it quite enough that virtuous people sup-
port their own progeny without being burdened
by the illegitimate offspring of others, but parishes
are too prone to fish for scandal—they see the new
moon, and, like provident farmers, .wish to get in the
harvest before it is full. With respect to the conduct
of the Magistrates generally, we have abstained-from
remarks, unless called on by glaring instances of a too
ready acquiescence in the story of the coMplainant,
without making due allowance for the propensity of
human nature to overrate its wrongs, and so making
possibility the standard of reality, to the manifest in-
juryfrom the very nature of his
of the defendant, who,
situation, ha's always to contend with, great odds in the
calumny of the, complainant, and the prejudice of the
Magistrate. A woman affiliates her child upon oath,
and the
or suspect
her of tiry, and so he takes her word till
Magistrate is bound to believe her statement,
th rl
e Peri
aqayed party convict her of swearing falsely,
which, in nine cases out of ten, he is unable to do,
because it is much ea ier for a man to prove where he
was than where he was not
and the frailty of human
,
nature in these,,i cases pleads powerfully against
ne an the world e'er "W,
He dearly loved the Imes, 0!