The Sun.
London, England, 1845-06-23 00:00:00

1711 E SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 23, 1845.

YORK and LANCASTER RAILWAY.
Provisionally Registered.
Capital 1,600,0001., in 32,000 Shares of 501. each.
Deposit 21. 10s. per Share.
This railway is intended to connect the City of York with Lancas-
ter in a Direct Line. It will commence near the City of York and
proceed thence through or near Knaresborough, Ripley, Pateley-
bridge, Hartlington, Burnsall, Thorpe Linton, Threshfield, Hatton
Bordley, Malham Kirkby, Malham Dale, Skipton, Gargrave, and Set-
tle to Lancaster, passing en route through eitensive tracts of Goal,
lead, and other mineral productions.
A detailed prospectus, with a list of Provisional Committee, will
be published in a few days ; in the meantime, applications for Shares,
accompanied with respectable references, can be made to the Solici-
tors, Messrs. Chauntler and Westwood, 8, Gray's Inn-square; or to
the Secretary, Samuel Holdsworth, Esq., Sowerby-bridge, near
Halifax, Yorkshire.

STIAND THEATRE.
IHIS EVENING

relief, except on the condition of its being acknowledged
as a loan, and to be repaid by `YELLER. This the poor
woman refused ; and, remonstrating with the board, she
told them " that the poor man, even when he was
comparatively well, was unable, by reason of
his malady, to work for intervals of many days, and
on some occasions, of many weeks together :—that were
they, at his age, and under these circumstances, to
undertake to repay any amount of relief that should be
extended to him, as a " loan," they must be half-
starved in order to do so, or must go the workhouse.
In the workhouse, the man would lose his business,
after being compelled to abandon his home ; so the poor
man—a person of very good reputation—still lies in
this precarious state, unrelieved, and without the
chance of relief by the union, except under one of these
two hard conditions ; either, that he take upon himself
to discharge what ever may be disbursed on his account
in the name of relief, (he being already in that utter
poverty which has left him without the means of subsist-
tence, and has compelled him to make his reluctant ap-
plication for relief from the poor-rate ;) or, thot he
go, with his wife, into the Union house, as
the proper punishment for their advanced age—for their
good character—for their reluctance to invoke parish
assistance—for their desire still to support themselves,
to as great an extent as possible, by honest industry—
for their praiseworthy attachment to their humble but
honest home—and for the "unpardonable and reckless"
improvidence of an artisan, at 60 years of age, being
afflicted with so chargeable an ailment as a bad lcg !

Will be presented (firstinne) an entirely new Drama, founded on
Douglas Jerrold's celebrabd " STORY OF A FEATHER," to give
due effect to which, in aidition to Messrs. H. Hall, C. Boyce, 11.
Lee, R. Yonnge, CockrW, Dean, R. Romer, Misses Hamilton, Fitz-
jamee. Weymouth, and Us. Lee, arrangements have been made
with Messrs. John Webster Laws, Mrs. C. Boyle, and Miss Beau-
champ. •
After which, CHARLES THE SECOND.
To conclude with the vey successful new Drama, called SECRET
MEMOIRS.
Mr. H. Hall's Benefit onMonday, June 30th,

The Nautical Melodrama tf " Juniper Jack" having been receiv3d
with enthusiastic applaust, and pronounced the best " bit of human
nature" (since the appearance of " Black Eyed Susan") on the
stage, will be repeated as a naval triumph 1 The Gallant Crew of
H.M.S. Pallas (when commanded by Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence)
figures to great advantage in the Piece, the scenes of which are laid
in the neighbourhood of Portsmouth.
QUEEN'S THEATRE.
During the week, the Drama of " Juniper Jack ; or, My Aunt's
Hobby ;" written by Mrs. Hallett, Authoress of the successful
Comediettas of " Chester Fair," " Woman's Whims," &c., and
dedicated to T. P. Cooke, Esq.
TEIS EVENING,
Will be performed HERNE THE 'HUNTER.
To be followed by JUNIPER JACK. " The Captain's Cox'en
by Mr. J. Parry, Jack's Botanical Aunt, Mrs. Menders; Justine,
Miss Stoker.
To conclude with the Domestic Drama of THE LADYE OF LAM-
BETH.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
PROPRIETOR, MR. W. BATTY.
Crowded and delighted Audiences—Two Grand Battle Spectacles—
The Scenes In the Circle combine the greatest display of Female
Equestrian Talent ever witnessed.
THIS EVENING
Will be performed THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. Introducing
the Double Company of French and English Artistes. The Em-
peror Napoleon by Mr. Gomersal, who is engaged expressly for this
occasion.
New Scenes in the Circle, presenting the first talent of British and
Foreign Equestrians of the present day.
To conclude with the New Grand Pantomimic Spectacle of THE
GREEK RENEGADE.

We take it there can be no sort of doubt about the
main features of this case. The correspondent of our
Contemporary (the Times) took the precaution of making
a formal application to the relieving officer of the union,
who admitted, in reply, that the application had been
rejected, except on the stipulation that the relief should
be granted as " a loan," and be repaid by the
poor old applicant. A loan, indeed Why the
board, or their relieving officer, might have
granted all that was asked and necessary in this matter,
without one instant of hesitation. If the Somerset-
house Council of Three had even addressed one of its
awful missives of censure to such offenders in the cause
of humanity—the latter would still have survived it !
The public would only laugh as heartily at its prepos-
terous attempts to enforce unifomity " of construction'
in the interpretation of its crude " instructions" and its
sleepy " minutes," as they have already laughed at its
attempts to enforce uniformity of diet.

The report which the last advices from America
have brought to England of the declaration, by Cali-
fornia, of her national independence, is one of imme-
diate moment by no means commensurate with the pro-
bable importance of such an event on the future relations
of the Old and the New World. Already we perceive
our excitable friends, the citizens of the United States,
are revelling in the anticipation of the new State
" knocking at the doors of Congress to be admitted into
the Federal Union." Already does the prospect of a
new dismemberment of the vast elements heretofore
comprising the immense Mexican territory stimulate the
unscrupulous passion for territorial aggrandisement,
which is so eminently characteristic of the " Annexing
Republic " This is all very natural, perhaps ;—a feel-
ing compatible enough with the notion which its
citizens have lately taken up of absorbing,
within the area of their own federation, all the
inhabited or habitable regions of the continent
on which they are established. For ourselves, disap-
proving on general principles of the policy of giving
further extension to our own territorial possessions,
we should be sorry to see our Government establishing
—by the treaty and accommodation of course—its
ancient pretensions on California, .although there is,
perhaps, no country on the shores of the " Vermillion
Sea," (as that portion of the Western Waters of
America are called), on which the capital, energy,
and commerce of Great Britain could realise a more
speedy or profitable development. And, probably, there
is no country on the surface of the globe in which
we have done less to improve the advantages offered by
an ancient connexion with it. Its pearl fisheries,
though long discontinued, or very inadequately worked,
there is good reason to believe from very recent observa-
tions by European travellers, who had,like Lieut. HARDY,
for example, peculiar opportunities of communicating
with and mixing among the native divers and fishers,
might be rendered at least as productive as in the best
periods of its yield in past years. But passing over its
other and more important products, vegetable and
mineral, we confess that we should like to have somo as-
surance that in any new political position which Cali-
fornia may be about to assume, she may be induced to
treat with our own Government on terms which shall
give us ready access to, and the unlimited facilities of,
her harbours for our fleets and our merchantmen. No
more extensive or perfect harbours, so far as ti.eir na-
tural features, as yet unimproved by art, are concerned,
have presented themselves to the research of commerce
since these were first discovered by the intrepid CORTEZ,
now three hundred and ten years ago.
One of these, as we had oft( n reed, and have lately
been assured through the official dispatches of a French
admiral, would suffice to accommodate the vast navy
even of Great Britain ; a capacity which the quick eye
of our undaunted DRAKE—whose judgment in these
matters was little inferior to his bravery in action—pro-
bably appreciated, when, sixty years after the Spanish
hero, he took possession of this singular and extensive
peninsula. It is of little moment, now, to inquire whe-
ther the title which he asserted to it under the confirma-
tion granted him by the native King of the country was,
in any respect, more valid or binding than that by
which, in our own times, the King of the Mosquito
country devolved upon the Indo-British, or Spanish
Cazique, GREGOR M4GREGOR, the sovereignty of
the Poyais territory. In a hundred years after
the confirmation granted to DRAKE, the Jesuits
had established their missions on the most happily
situated of these remote coasts, and by the vessels they
built in their distress, and the rude investments they were
able to send by them to the friends and compatriots,
whose aid they solicited from distant captaincies and go-
vernments in America, the sufficiency attested what
were the natural capabilities of the fine region also into
which they had passed, voluntary exiles from civilisa-
tion, and all the conditions of social life, to plant the
cross in the savage forests of a primeval wilderness, and
to preach the doctrines of peace and truth to the races
of the human family still wider and more barbarous
than the gloomy solitudes to which they had banished
themselves. In a very few years these marvellous men
had outstripped in their career of useful benevolence
and reclaiming industry all that is fabled of the noble
lessons derived by the first husbandmen from Ceres or
Triptolemus. They really carried with them grain and
seed to a soil which had never raised them
previously, but rewarded in an incredibly short
period the infant labours of savages, who at first
could scarcely be made to comprehend the rudimental
principles or processes of cultivation, with abundant
crops. But they were a stupid and obdurate race ; and
very many of the good fathers were cruelly exterminated
by those who had derived from them this first of human
acts, and the most vital of all truths. Still, it is most re-
markable, that with these and a hundred other irre-
fragable evidences to the value of a region, which the
Jesuits had done so much to settle, amidst difficulties
and dangers of the most extrordinery nature, Spain never
seems to have made a subsequent effort to " reap"—us
well she might have done—where those Jesuits, who she
expelled, had " sown." During the sharp contest between
the Governments of Spain and Great Britain in 1771,
about the occupation of the Falkland Islands, there does
appear to have been an awakened interest in the former
in favour of the neglected California. COOKE'S sagacity
was quickly alive to its importance ; and his patron,
Lord SANDWICH, responded to his views and opinions
upon this subject. Another long lull has succeeded to
this transient activity of geographical excitement; and
now. political circumstances will probably raise the tide
of that excitement to a higher pitch than it has yet at-
tained. Beyond all doubt, our present extended com-
mercial position in China—its connexion with the still
unexhausted resources of the trade to be secured in the
North Pacific—and the accidents that invest the question
of the Oregon territory occupation—bid fair to commu-
nicate a new interest and importance to the destinies of
California.

The intelligence from Madrid is to the 15th, and from
Barcelona to the 14th inst. According to a Barcelona
journal, the QUEEN was to take the oath to the new
Constitution on the I Sth, and afterwards be present at a
grand review. It was reported that the Court would
return to Madrid by the 10th of July, and that the
royal visit to the Basque Provinces will not take place
this season. The Minister of Marine had left Barcelona,
on his return to Madrid.

The Paris papers publish the report of the Committee
on the Slave-trade Convention read to the Chamber of
Deputies by Marshal SEBASTIAN'. It is, as we stated
on Saturday, highly satisfactory. The grounds for this
new treaty are stated at some length, and considerable
strength is laid upon three successive addresses of the
Chamber, as well as public opinion, to put an end to the
mutual right of search, and place the marine of France
under the exclusive surveillance of the national flag.
"In the face of such a general manifestation," says filo
report, "the Conventions of 1831 and 1833 lost their
efficacy, and their nominal maintenance could serve no
other purpose but to keep up between the two countries