The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-30 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY E E G S N 7 DECEMBER 30, 1845.

CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS.
R
ThUfINIC INSTITUTION, OYAL POLY
Lectures for this period of the year, by Dr. Ryan and
Protecsor Bachoffner in CHEMISTRY and NATURAL PHILO-
SOPHY will be illustrated by interesting and brilliant experiments.
A Lecture en the PREVALENT DISEASE in POTATOES will Sc
delivered by Dr.. Ryan, and also on the ATMOSPHERIC RAIL-
WAY, by rrofessor BaeholTher, a Working Model of which, car-
rying several persons, is exhibited daily. The additions to the
OPAQUE MICROSCOPE, DISSOLVING VIEWS, and CHROMA-
TROPE are very effective. The ruYSIOSCOPE. Submarine Ex-
periments by means of the DIVER and DIVING BELL. Among
the various additions to the Working Models is i2ohnnan's NEW
AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE, for ascending and do-
seending inclined Planes. A magnificent Collection of TROPICAL
_FRUITS. my. Downe, the celebrated Flute Player, will take part
in tho Music, conducted by Dr. Wallis. Open from Eleven to Ralf-
past Five, an 1 from Seveu to Half-past Ten in the Evening.
Admission, One Shilling. Sclmols, rlalf-price.

PUBLICATIONS.

IiNLARGENIENT OF THE ATHENEUM.O
3i ENT
r ENLARGED
1 iti d frkm January 3, THE ATHENJEUM will be PER-
to Twenty-Four Large Quarto Pages.
Price Fourpenee.

Pice 3s. No. XL., New Series of
II HE JOURNAL of AGRICULTURE and the
Je. TRANSACTIONS of the HIGHLAND and AGRICULTURAL
SOCIETY of SCOTLAND.
Publlshed Quarterly.
IN'illiam Blackwood and Sons, 45, George-street, Eilinburgh; and
37, Paternoster-row, London. Sold by all booksellers.

LrHE DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE
for JANUARY, price 2s. 6d., contains :—Prizes in the Lottery-
of Repeal. The Prodigy of Salzburg, Old Letters—by Elizabeth
Youatt. Irish Myers—No. 11. —The Bride. ',item Orientates—
Ottoman Poetry. The Falcon Family: or, Young Ireland. Present
State of our National Defences. Captivity and Adventures of Joseph
Pitts, an English Slave in Algiers. Italian Poets—No. VI.--Ariosto,
Part 111. Newman on the Development of the Christian Doctrine.
The Stone of Witness—by a Dreamer. The Wanderer's Return—
by J. Fullarton. Spare me yet Awhile—by John Fisher Murray.
New Year's Night Wishes—From Jean Paul Richter. Social Disor-
ganisation in Ireland—The National Club.
Dublin : William Curry, jun., and Co. London : W. S. Orr and Co.,

MIDLAND RAILWAY.
THE MIDLAND RAILWAY COMPANY
Is prepared to receive LOANS on SECURITY of their Deben-
three for periods of Three, Fire, or Seven Years, in sums of not less
than 1,0001. each, at Interest after the rate of 41. per cast. per
annum.
Application: to be made to the Secretary, at the Company's Office,
Derl Ey order, •
Dec. IG, 1845. J. F. BELL, Secretary.

and 111 Booksellers,

EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY.
EXTENSION STOCK, No. 2,
The Directors of the Eastern Cotinties Railway Company do, in
pursuance of the power vested in them by the General Meeting of
the Proprietors held on the 28th August last, and for the purposes
mentioned in the report of the Directors to the Proprietors, call the
farther sum of Two Pounds per share on the shares of the Extension
Stock, No 2, of the Eastern Counties Railway Company, to be paid
en THURSDAY the 22d day of January next to any of the undermen-
tioned Bankers of the Company, who are instructed to receive the
same on presentation of the Scrip. Interest will be charged upon
the instalmen,s at the rate of 5/. per cent. per annum, duly
paid at the above-mentioned date.
By order of the Board,
GEORGE IIUDgON, Chairman.
C. P. RONEY, Secretary..
London and Westminster Bank, Lothbury, or any of its Branches.
Liverpool Borough Bank—Liverpool.
Manchester and Liverpool District Bank—Manchester.
Wilts and Dorset Banking Company—Salisbury.
Messrs. Lemon and Co.—Brentwood.
Messrs. Mills, Bawtree, and Co.—Colchester.
Messrs. Sparrow atsd Co.—Chelmsford.
National Provincial Bank —Bath.
National Provincial Bank—Birmingham.
National Provincial Bank—Boston.
Western Bank of Scotland—Edinburgh.
Western Bank of Scotland—Glasgow.
Royal Bank of Ireland—Dublin.
East of England Bank—Great Yarmouth.
West of England and South Wales District Bank—Bristol.
Messrs. Harveys and Hudson—Norwich.
Messrs. Bacon, Cobbold, and Co.l_lpswich.
Messrs. Alexanders and Co. • • • •
Cheltenham and Gloucestershire Bank—Chelteham.
Union Bank—York.
Offices, Shoreditch Station, Dec. 27, 1845.

TAITS EDINBURGH MAGAZINE,
for JANUARY (the Commencement of a Volume), Price
One Shilling, contains—
Visit to Mr. O'Connell at Derrynane ; by William Howitt.—
Children.—Fairies and Railroads.—Naples in ; by Madame
Wolfensberger.—Notes on 0 ilifilan's " Gallery of Literary Portraits ;"
by Thomas De Qulncey; No. 111., Shelley.—Love, Jealousy, and
Vengeance ; a Highland Tale, by Sir Thomas Dick Lauder.—Oliver
Cromwell's Letters and Speeches.—How is Parliament to get through
its Railway Business ?—Literary Register.—Polities of the Month.

W. Tait, Edinburgh ; Marshall, and Co., London.

COLBUTIN'S NEW MONTHLY
MAGAZINE.
Edited by W. HARRISON AINSWORTH, Esq.
Contents for JANUARY. No. CCCI.
I. The Murderer's Confession. By Horace Smith.
11. The Westminster Play. By Sergeant Talfourd.
111. Echoes from the Backwoods. By Captain Levinge.
IV. The Vision of Carl Van Quiet. By Charles Hooton.
V. New Year's Day. By Dudley Costello.
VI. The Privateersinan. By Captain Marryat,
VII. The Robertses on their Travels. By Mrs. Trollops. (Concluded.)
VIII. Beauchamp. By G. P. R. James, Esq.
IX. Sonnet to Sergeant Talfourd. By E. Kenealy.
X. Old Romaaces concerning Bernardo del Carpi°. By John
Oxenford.
XI. Sketches of the Lives of Lords Stowell and Eldon.
XII. Lights and Shades. By W. 11. Maxwell, Esq.
The Old Pilgrim Ferry. By Andrew Winter.
XI V. Travels and Opinions of Mr. Jolly Green.
XV. Revelations of London. By the Editor.
XVI. Literature of the Month.
Embellished with a Portrait of
W. HARIUSON AINSWORTH, Esq., by DANIEL MACLISE, R.A.
Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY
On and after the Ist January, 1846, an additional Third
Class. Train will run daily (Sundays excepted) between Paddington
and Bristol in both directions, Down at 10.30 A.M., Up at 6.30 A.M.
The stoppages at the intermediate stations may be seen by refer-
ence to the tine bills.
Third Class Passengers, and Horses will no longer be conveyed
between Paddington and Bristol by the 2.15 r.m. Down Goods Train;
or by the 2 P.M. (10 e.m. from Bristol) Up Goods Train.
Third Class Passengers between Exeter and Swindon will be con-
veyed by the 5.15 r.m. Train, instead of by the 2 P.M. Goods Train,
as heretofore.
From Bristol to Exeter Third Class Passengers will continue to
proceed by the 2.15 p.m. Goods Train, as at present.
The usual Passenger Train, from Bristol to Bath, at 6.30 A.m.,
will NOT be discontinued.

WITH AN ILLUSTRATION BY GEORGE CRUIRSHANK.
AINSWORTH'S MAGAZINE.
Contents for JANUARY.

No. XLVIII.
I. The Count of Monte Christ*.
11. The Guerilla's Daughter.
111. Tom Walker's story. By Jackson Lee.
IV. The Miseries of a Prize. By George Raymond.
V. Life and Writings of Nimrod. By the Author of "Handley
Cross."
VI. Deeds not Words. By J. E. Carpenter.
VII. How Miss Mountnorris got a Husband. By Shirley Brooks.
VIII. Sail) and Nourmahall. By Thomas Miller.
IX. The Diamond Lance and the Golden Basin. A Breton Le-
gend. By W. Hughes, Esq.
X. Shelley. By E. Kenealy.
XI. Dreams. By J. L. Forrest.
XII. SIR LIONEL FLAMSTEAD.
By W. HARRISON AINSWORTH, Esq.

By order of the Directors,
CIIAS. A. SAUNDERS, Secretary.

Paddington, Dec. 29. 1845.

E AST DEREHAM AND NORWICH
RAILWAY.
The Committee of Management beg to announce to the Share-
holders that a large proportion of the Scrip has been sent in for re-
gistry, and they request that persons who hold the remaining por-
tion will send it forthwith to the Secretary in Norwich, in order that
their arrangements may be completed in ample time tor the require-
ments of Parliament

WITH AN ILLUSTRATION BY GEORGE eRHIKSHANK.
chapman and Hall, 156, Strand.

UL LIEN'S MUSICAL ETRENNES for
1846 ; or, ALBUM DES BALS DE LA COUR.

This Album containsJULLlEVSVe;est and most fashionable
QUADRILLES, VALSES, and POLKAS, as performed at the Court
Balls, and at the Grand Bal Masqu6 on Monday last. It forms an
el.callent selection for the balls and parties of the present gay season,
and, at the same time, a most rechervhe cadeau for the New Year.
M. Jullien has also published
L'ALBUM VOCAL,
L'ALEUM DE L'OPERA,
and several other beatilully illustrated volumes, which are now
being exhibited at his Depot Musical, 214, Regent-street, in the style
of " Expositions du Jours de l'An," at Paris.

By order of the Committee,
EDWARD WILLETT, Chairman.

Norwich, Dec. 27, 1845

---
LEEDS AND CARLISLE RAILWAY
COMPANY.
Notioe is hereby given, that a Meeting of Shareholders of
this Company, will take place at the London Tavern, Bishops-
gate-street, on' MONDAY, the sth of January, 1846, at One
o'clock precisely, to lay before the Proprietors the terms of the
amalgamation which has been agreed to with the Yorkshire and
Glasgow Union Railway Company, and the general state of this
Company. By order of the Committee of Management,
C. LOCOCK WEBB, Secretary.
Gresham-rooms, Baeingha4l-street.

- -
DEDICATED BY PERMISSION TO DR. ABERCROMBIE.
In One Thick Volume Octavo, double columns, price 145.,
THE SEVENTH EDITION, ENLARGED, CORRECTED, AND
IMPROVED, OF
DICTIONARY OF MEDICINE,
DESIGNED FOR POPULAR USE,'
containing an Account of Diseases and their Treatment, including
those most frequent in Warm Climates ; with Directions for Admin-
istering Medicines ; the Regulation of Diet and Regimen ; and the
management el the Diseases of Women and Children.
By ALEXARDER MACAULAY, M.D.,
Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, and Phy-
sician-Accoucheur to the New Town Dispensary.
".Just such a work as every head of a family ought to have on his
book-shelf."—Brighton Herald.
Adam and Charles Black, Edinburgh ; Longman and Co., London.

11ARIVICH RAILWAY and PIER COM-
PANY (with Branches to Thorpe le Soken and Alresford).
MANAGING COMMITEEE.
sir ROBERT PRICE, Bart., M.P., Chairman.
Martin Stutely, Esq. Charles Sturgeon, Esq.
R. Dorman Fisher, Esq. James R. Croft, Esq.
William Downes, Esq. John G. Wilson, Esq.
ENGINEER—Joseph Gibbs, Esq.
SOLICITORS.
London—Thomas Jones Mawe, Esq.
Colchester—William Salmon Cooper, Esq.
The Committee beg to announce that it is their intention to pro-
ceed to Parliament in the ensuing session, and thift the stainling
orders to the present time have in all respects been fully complied
with.
The share list will close on the sth day of January next, previously
to which forms may be had and applications will be received, accom-
panied by references to a banker, or person of known responsibility,
addressed to the solicitors in London or Colchester, or to the brokers
already advertised

THE ART -UNION.
PIANOFORTES GIVEN AWAY, VALUE
FIFTY GUINEAS EACH.

The PROPRIETORS of the " RAILWAY TELEGRAPH AND
MERCHANT'S ADVOCATE," in order to testify their gratitude for
the extensive patronage which the public have bestowed upon them,
Intend presenting to every Three Hundredth Subscriber a splendid
PIANOFORTE of the VALUE of FIFTY GUINEAS.

By order,
4, Ncw Bridge. street, Dec. 23, 1845

T. PRICE, Secretary.

The Prizes are to be regulated in the following manner :
Every Annual Subscriber to the "Railway Telegraph and Mer-
chant's Advocate, on paying his Subscription, will have a receipt
bearing a certain number.
To the Subscriber to our Newspaper who shall hold the number
corresponding with that which will entitle the Subscriber to the
ART UNION, on the drawing in April, 1846, to the FIRST DRAWN
LARGEST PRIZE, we will present, on producing his receipt at the
Maker's Establishment, a SPLENDID PIANOFORTE, value FIFTY
GUINEAS, manufactured by one of the First Makers of the Day ;
and we will also make an equal present to every one of our Sub-
scribers who shall hold the same number, with 300, 600, &c. added
to or taken from it. For instance, suppose the highest prize
of the ART UNION should be drawn at 900, the Subscriber to our

GRAND UNION RAILWAY.
ISSUE OF SPALDING AND BRANDON JUNCTION
RAILWAY SHARES.
Notice is I•ereby given, that the Shareholders of the Grand Union
Railway who are desirous of taking shares in the Spalding and Bran-
don Junction line, are required to send in the original scrip for re-
gistry on or before the 6th of January, 1846.
The scrip must be accompanied by a letter, signed by the owner
with his name in full, his occupation, and residsnce,stating the quan-
tity of scrip, and the respective numbers sent in for registry, together
wills the name of a party in London to whom reference may be made
as to responsibility-, otherwise it cannot be received. A receipt will
be given for the scrip deposited, and at the expiration of two days (if
the holder be considered sufficiently responsible by the Directors) it
will be returned, together with a letter of allotment for the Spalding
and Brandon Junction Railway shares. The allotment will be in
the proportion of one share for every five of the Grand Union Rail-
way scrip. Application must be made on or before the day above-
named, otherwise no claim for the Spalding and Brandon Junction
shares will be recognised.
The deposits will be payable at the several Bankers specified on
the Letter of Allotment, on or before the 15th of January, and the
Deeds will lie for signature as under, when the Bankers' receipts may
be exchanged for Scrip Certificates.
London—At the Company's Offices, 78, Cornhill, and at the Offices
of the Norfolk Railway Company, Guildhall-buildings, from the sth
to 20th January, 1846, inclusive, between the hours of Ten and Five
o'clock.
Nottingham—At the Offices of the Grand Union Railway Com-
pany, St. Peter's square, Friday, 16th January, 1846.
Leeds—At the White Horse, Saturday, 17th January, 1846.
Manchester—At the Albion Hotel, Monday, 19th January, 1846.

Paper holding the ticket numbered 900 will be entitled to a prize ;
and every person holding tickets numbered
300, 600, 900 1,200, 1,500,
(and so on for every 300 subscribers), will be presented with this
splendid prize. Or, supposing the highest prize in the Art Union
should be drawn at 25, our Subscriber holding ticket No. 25, will
have the prize ; as w ill also those holding Nos. 325, 625, 925, &c. &c.
The prizes at the Art Union are publicly drawn, arid the success-
ful numbers publicly advertised in the newspapers.

THE RAILWAY TELEGRAPH AND MERCHANT'S AD-
VOCATE is published in London every Saturday, and forwarded by
the Early Morning Mails to all parts of the Kingdom ; it is a First-
rate Railway, Commercial, and General Newspaper.
The Annual Subscription is 1/. Gs., but persons not wishing to pay

the subscription for the whole year may pay One Half down, and the
Other Half within seven days of the drawing for the prizes in the
Art Union.
Upon the receipt of a Post•ofce Order for 11. 6s. or 135., the person
so subscribing will receive a ticket, together with the maker's name
and a printed list of prices, from which the subscribers can choose
an Instrument to the Value of Fifty Guineas. The Maker will hold
himself responsible for the delivery of the Instrument to the person
who shall hold one of the numbers entitling him to the same, upon
application being made at the manufactory.
The maker, who has been established many years, will give a
Written Warranty with each instrument, and Exchange it, Free of
Expense, if in any way found defective.
The maker's name may be had on application.
Subscriptions can be paid through any Bookseller or News Agent in
England, Scotland, or Ireland, who Will obtain the numbered receipt
for the same ; or at the Office, 2, Catharine-street, Strand, London ;
or on transmitting a Post-ofllocc order for 1/. 65., with the address,
to which the newspaper is to be sent, a numbered receipt will be re-
turned by post.

Liverpool—At the Angel Hotel, Tuesday, 20th January, 1546.
As it is understood that Parliament will meet on the 22d January,
the time for payment of Deposits and execution of the Deeds can on
no account be extended. The Plans, Sections, and Books of Refe-
rence were deposited with the Board of Trade and the several Clerks
of the Peace on Saturday, the 29th November, and all necessary
arrangements have been made for obtaining an Act in the ensuing
session of Parliament.

By order,
78, Cornloll, Dec. 24, 1845.

ALFRED BEESTON, Secretary,

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUIt•
ANTE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital ic,500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This instnition offers important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The easared Ones, on all occasions, the power to borr)w, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see tah'e); also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of ki interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
DIVISION OF PROFITV.
The saccess and increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled
tr Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declaro a third
Bonus, vetryinr, item Sc to 75 per cent. on the premiums paid on
each Policy erected on the Profit scale.
EXAMPLES.

Elegant Pocket -.edition' price is., by post Is. 6d.
DR. CULVERWELL AN MARRIAGE,
Its IT:iNDRINCES and OBLIGATIONS.
" To be or us', to he,
that is the question."—Shakspeare.
Contents :
Patermt! —On Matrimonial Eligibility and Unfitness—Laws of
—Phenomena of Gestation—On Maternal Influence--01:
infelic:Acuis and unproductiye Unions—Curiosities of Medical Expert.
enr,,, ccms, gm, &c.
_ Also Companion to the same, price Is., by post Is. 6d.

aItASTITY ; its ABUSES and DISEASES(72, Engravings).
These two interesting little volumes are not intended for idlo or in-
lliscriminate perusal, but they are earnestly offered to the attentive
consideration of those who may be more legitimately and perhaps
painfully interested.
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalhe, 147, Fleet-street
Mann, 39, Cornhill, and all booksellers, or direct from the Author,
21, Arundel-street, Strand. At home daily till 2 ; Evenings, 7 till 9.

1 ,
1 7§ .., s-
-1 Bonus Banns in if , M .1 ,_, 11'
5- ra
3= ° Premium. ?
U ' - .4 t added. Cs.sh. •;•-; E: W..
1 • 1
1
,__...____._. -,..-... ..-........-.....
I
I .. d. 1837 £l9l 13 51£87 13 5 £l3 17 1 £395 11 1
60
1838. 165 13 8 74 13 10 11 8 6 346 2 3
M •O !ft 3 4
I i 1839 138 13 6 61 14 3 92 19 2% 13 4
1840; 89 0 0 41 13 4 6 0 • q 47 4 6

The dißloton of profit; Is annual, and the next will be made in De-
cern -)er of the present year.

F. FI:ROU2ION CAMROUX, Seq.

ANNUITIES.
rrIIE AUSTRALASIAN, COLONIAL, and.
GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE and ANNUITY COM-
PANY, 126, Bishopsgate-street, corner of Coruhill.
Capital, 200,0001., in 2,000 Shares.
DIRECTORS.
Edward Barnard, Esq., F.H.S. Gideon Colquhoun, Esq.
Robert Brooks, Esq. C. E. Mangles, Esq.
Henry Buckle, Esq. Richard Onslow, Esq.
John Ilenry Capper, Esq. William Walker, Esq.
TRUSTEES—Edward Barnard, Esq., F.R.S. ; J. H. Capper, Esq.;
E,lward Thompson Id C. Richardson, Esq.
n, Esq.
AUDITORS—James Easton, Esq.,
Somciroas—Messrs. Maples, Pearsc, Stevens, and Maples.
BANKERS—The Union Bank of London.
COLONIAL BANKERS=-The Bank of Australasia (incorporated by
Royal Charter, 1835), 8, Austin-friars, London.
I'IIYSICIAN—Dr. Fraser, 62, Guildford-street, Russell-square.
ACTUARY AND SECRETARY—Edward Ityley, Esq.
To the purchasers of Annuities this Company, in addition to par-
ticipation in profits, holds out the advantage of a much higher rate.
of Annuity than can be granted with safety by companies which
make their investments entirely in this country.
The following are specimens of the rates of annuities granted for
,very 1001. sunk :

Age. Lives.lale L Femaleivee. Age.
Lives.
F
Leinviealee.
40 £7 8 3 £6 18 2 65 £l2 12 0 £lO 19 0
50 813 6 714 4 70 15 0 8 13 2 6
60 10 16 3 99 0 75 18 9 2 16 3 5

FOURTEENTH EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Human
Frailty, with Coloured Engravings.
Just published, price 2s. 6d., free by post (In a sealed envelope) 33.6 d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
the Infirmities of the System n both sexes ; and on the loss
of the repreductiN e powers, with means of restoration. The baneful
effect's of indulge.* ce, &c., are fUlly pointed out. Illustrated by En-
gravings; followed by observations on Marriage.
By R. and L. PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London.
Published by the Authors, and may be had at their residence
19, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET.
. _

Prospectuses, with Tables, Forms of Proposal for the purchase of
an Annuity or for making an Assurance, and every information,
may be obtained by application at the Office of the Company.

JONES'S DEMULCENT COUGH LO-
ZEINGES, the best remedy ever discoverid. Persons afflicted
eith cough, asthma, difficulty of breathing, consumption, or other
diseases or derangement of the respiratory *roils, will experience
minediate relief, and derive permanent benefit, by the use of
JONES'S DEMULCENT COUGH LOZENGES, which are so efflca •
cious, that they will cut short the most violent paroxysm of cough-
ing, and are so agreeable to the palate that they may be eaten
as a confection.
Sold by the proprietor, Peter Jones, operative chemist, 11, Norton-
folgate, Bishopsgate-street, London, in boxes Is. 13i (1., and in tins at
2s. U. each, duty Included ; and by inset chemists and patent medi—
cine vendors in town and country.

Bold by strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox-
ford-etreet ; Gordon, 146, Leadenkall-street ; Purklse, Compton-
street, Sake; and all Booksellers.

. .
"We regard the work before us, the Silent Friend,' as a work
embracing most clear and practical views of a series of complaint,
hitherto little understood, and passed over by a majority of the me-
dicalprofession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We mmt
however confess that a perusal of this work has left such a favourable
impression on eur minds, that we not only recommend, but cordially
wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffering from tubs
cretion, to profit ky the advice contained in its pages."—Age and Argus.
The COUDIAL BALM of SYItLACUM is exclusively directed
to the cure of nervous debility, irregularity, weakness, loss of ap-
petite, indigestion, consumptive habits, and debilities arising from
excess, &c. In bottles, price 11x., or he quantity of four in one
oottle for 335., by which Ile. are saved. The five-pound cases may
be had as usual.

The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, a remedy
for searching oat and purifying the blood from scurvy, blotches
en the head, face, and body, ulcerations, and those painfill
affections arising from improper treatment or the effects of mercury,
removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skis. Price
I Is. and 335. per bottle.

PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d.,
and l is. per boa, are the most effectual remedy for strictures hillarn.
melon, &c., without hindrance to business, ,

Consultatica fee, If by letter, ii. Minute detail of cases neeessary.
Messrs. R. and L. Perry and C 0.,. surgeons, insv he consulted, as
usual, at 19, Berners-street, Orford-street, Lend3n, daily, and at
106, Duke-s eet, Liverpool, tvery Thursday, Pridny, and gaturdsy ;
and at 10, St. Jem-street, Deansgate, Manche ;ter, on Mondays,
Tuesdays, and Wednesdays.

DREDGE'S HE A L-A 14-14,
or CELEBRATED EMBROCATION,
Has long been known throughout the West of England as the
most efficacious remedy for rheumatism, lumbago, pains in the
limbs and numbness, sciatic and paralytic affections, face-ache,
sprains and bruises, barns and scalds, spasms and cramp, stiffness
of the joints or neck, frozen limbs, chilblains before they are
broken. It is lil;cw i.,e an infallible care for that dangerous disorder,
the quinsy or sore throat, in which It was never known to fail after
a few hours' application.
OBSERVE—That none can be genuine unless the Stamp affixed
to each Bottle contains the Name and Address of BARCLAY and
SONS, Ne. 95, F. rringdon-street, who have purchased the property
in this valuable article from the executors of the Inventor, William
Dredge, late of Wishford, Wilts.—Retail price, is. lid. and 2s. SC
per bottle ; and sold retail, by all respectable medicine venders in
Um% agil mow,

ARIS AND LYONS RAILWAY.
(GANNERON'S COMPANY.)
A PUBLIC MEETING of the Shareholders of this Company will
he heldat the City of London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street, on FrIDAY
NEXT, the 2d of January, 1846, at Twelve for One o'clock precisely,
to receive the report of the Committee relative to the general fusion
of the Companies formed to bid for this line, and on other matters.
By order,
WILLIAM VILLESBOISICET, ficoretaries.
EDWARD FILDER,
7, Tokenhousc-yard, London, 27th December, 1845.

by the United States in their diplomatic transactions
with Great Britain, previously to the conclusion of the
Florida treaty ? The claim advanced for the restitution
of Fort George under the first article of the treaty of
Ghent ; the arrangement concluded for the joint occu-
pation of the Oregon territory by Great Britain and the
United States; and, above all, the proposal actually made
on the part of the United States for a partition of the
Oregon territory ; all which transactions took place in
the year 1818, when, as yet, Spain had made no transfer
or cession of her rights—appear to be as little reconcil-
able with any regard for those rights while still vested
in Spain, as the claim founded on discovery, explora-
tion, and settlement accomplished previously to the trans-
fer of those rights to the United States.
Supposing the arrangement proposed in the year 1818,
or any other arrangement for the partition of the Oregon
territory, to have been concluded in those days, between
Great Britain and this country, what would, in that case,
. e--- have become of the exclusive rights of Spain ?
__. ..._ _
OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE I There would have been no refuge for the United States
but in an appeal to the principles of the Nootka conven-
ON THE OREGON QUESTION. tion.
The following are the two concluding letters of Mr. To deny this, then, the validity of the Nootka conven•
Pakenham and Mr. Buchanan, and contain all the im- two, is to proclaim the illegality of any title founded on
portant points of the questions at issue : discovery, exploration, or settlement, previous to the
conclusion of the Florida treaty.
THE NEGOTIATION. To appeal to the Florida treaty as conveying to the
Washington, July 29, 1845. United States any exclusive rights, is to attach a cha-
Notwithstanding the prolix discussion which the sub- ratter of encroachment and of violation of the rights of
ject has already undergone, the undersigned, her Bri- Spain to every act to which the United States appealed
tannic Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister in the negotiation of 1818, as giving them a claim to
Plenipotentiary, feels obliged to place on record a few territory on the north-west coast.
observations in reply to the statement marked J. 8., These conclusions appear to the undersigned to be
which he had the honour to receive, on the 16th of this irresistible.
month, from the hands of the Secretary of State of the The United States can found no claim on discovery,
United States, terminating with a proposition on the part exploration, and settlement, effected previously to the
of the United States for the settlement of the Oregon Florida treaty, without admitting the principles of the
question. Nootka convention, and with the consequent validity of
In this paper it is stated that " the title of the United the parallel claims of Great Britain founded on like acts;
States to that portion of the Oregon territory between nor can they appeal to any exclusive right as acquired
the valley of the Columbia and the Russian line, in 54 by the Florida treaty without upsetting all claims ad-
deg. 40 north latituie, is recorded in the Plorida treaty. duped in their own proper right, by reason of discovery,
Under this 'treaty, 'dated on the 22d February, 1919, exploration, and settlement, antecedent to that arrange-
Spain ceded to the United States all her rights, claims, went.
and pretensions to any territories west of the Rocky The undersigned trusts that he has now shown that the
Mountains, and north of the 42d parallel of latitude." convention of 1790 (the Nootka Sound convention), has
We contend," rays the Secretary of State, " that at continued in full and complete force up to the present
the date of this ec nvention, Spain had a good title, as moment :
against Great Britain, to the whole Oregon territory; By reason, in the first place, of the commercial cha-
and, if this be established, the question is then decided teeter of some of its provisions, as such expressly re-
in favour of the United States," the convention between newed by the convention of August, 1814,between Great
Great Britain and Spain, signed at the Escurial, on the Britain and Spain :
28th of October, 1790, notwithstanding. By reason, in the next place, of the acquiescence of
" If," says the American Plenipotentiary, "it should Spain in various transactions to which it is not to be
appear that this treaty was transient in its very nature; supposed that that power would have assented, had she
that it conferred upon Great Britain no right but that of not felt bound by the provisions of the convention in
merely trading with the Indians whilst the country question ;
should remain unsettled, and making the necessary esta- And, thirdly, by reason of repeated acts of the Go-
blishments for this purpose; that it did not interfere vernment of the United States, previous to the conclu-
with the ultimate sovereignty of Spain over the terri- sion of the Florida treaty, manifesting adherence to
tory; and, above all, that it was annulled by the war the principles of the Nootka convention, or at least dis-
between Spain and Great Britain in 1796, and has never sent from the exclusive pretensions of Spain.
since been renewed by the parties, then the British claim Having thus replied, and he hopes satisfactorily, to
to any portion of the territory will prove to be destitute the observations of the American Plenipotentiary with
of foundation." respect to the Nootka Sound convention and the Florida
The undersigned will endeavour to show, not only that treaty, as bearing upon the subject of the present dis-
when Spain concluded with the United States the treaty cussion, the undersigned must endeavour to show that
of 1819, commonly called the Florida treaty, the con- even if the Nootka Sound convention had never existed,
vention concluded between the former power and Great the position of Great Britain in regard to her claim,
Britain in 1790 was considered by the parties to it to whether to the whole or to any particular portion of the
be still in force ; but even that, if no such treaty had Oregon territory, is at least as good as that of the
ever existed, Great Britain would stand, with reference United States.
to a claim to the Oregon territory, in a position at least This branch of the subject must be considered, first,
as favourable as the United States.t with reference to principle—to the right of either party,
The treaty of 1790 is not appealed to by the British Great Britain or the United States, to explore or make
Government, as the American Plenipotentiary seems to settlements in the Oregon territory without violation of
suppose, as their " main reliance" in the present discus- the rights of Spain ; and next, supposing the first to be
sion ;it is appealed to to show that, by the treaty of 1819, decided affirmatively, with reference to the relative value
by which " Spain ceded to the United States all her and importance of the acts of discovery, exploration, and
rights, claims, and pretensions to any territories west of settlements effected by each.
the Rocky Mountains, and north of the 42d parallel of As relates to the question of principle, the undersigned
latitude," the United States acquired no right to exclu- thinks he can furnish no better argument than that con-
sive dominion over any part of the Oregon territory. tained in the following words, which he has already once
The treaty. of 1790 embraced, in fact, a variety of ob- quoted, from the statement of the American Plenipoten-
jects. It partook in some of its stipulations of the na- tiary :
ture of a commercial convention ;in other respects, it " The title of the United States to the valley of the
might be considered as an acknowledgment of existing Columbia is older than the Florida treaty of February,
rights—an admission of certain principles of interne- 1819, under which the United States acquired all the
tional law, not to be revoked at the pleasure of either rights of Spain to the north-west coast of America, and
obweetdwe in between them.
light, its stipulations might have drained
or to be set aside by a cessation of friendly rela- exists independently of its provisions." And again :
tins
former "The title o
the
e the
Columbia United Statesriver
and to tihtse
been considered as cancelled in consequence of the war perfect and complete before the date of the treaties ofjeseet
which subsequently took place between the contracting occupancy of October, 1818, and August, 1827."
parties, were it not that by the treaty concluded at The title thus referred to must be that resting on dis-
beranntierhevirl2e n
,i
Viewed
s
w
region
Madrid on the 28th August, 1814, it was declared that emery, exploration, and settlement.
all the treaties of commerce which subsisted between the If this title, then, is good, or rather was good, as
two nations (Great Britain and Spain) in 1790 were against the exclusive pretensions of Spain, previously to
thereby ratified and confirmed. the conclusion of the Florida treaty, so must the claims
In the latter point of view, the restoration of a state of of Great Britain, resting on the same grounds, be good
peace was of itself sufficient to restore the admissions also.
contained in the convention of 1798 to their full original Thus, then, it seems manifest that, with or without the
force and vigour. aid of the Nootka Sound convention, the claims of Great
There are, besides, very positive reasons for concluding Britain, resting on discovery, exploration, and settle-
that Spain did not consider the stipulations of the Nootka went, are, in point of principle, equally valid with those
convention to have been revoked by the war of 1796, so as of the United States.
to require, in order to be binding on her, that they should Let us now see how the comparison will stand when
have been expressly revived or renewed on the restoration tried by the relative value, importance, and authenticity
of peace between the two countries. Had Spain considered of each.
that convention to have been annulled by the war; in other Rejecting previous dicoveries north of the 42d parallel
words, had she considered herself restored to her former of latitude as not sufficiently authenticated, it will be
position and pretensions with respect to the exclusive seen on the side of Great Britain that, in 1778, Captain
dominion over the unoccupied parts of the North Ame- Cook discovered Cape Flattery, the southern entry of
rican continent, it is not to be imagined that she would the Straits of Fuca. Cook must also be considered the
have passively submitted to see the contending claims of discoverer of Nootka Sound, in consequence of the want
Great Britain and the United States to a portion of that of authenticity in the alleged previous discovery of that
territory the subject of negotiation and formal diplomatic port by Perez.
transactions between the two countries. In 1787, Capt. Berkeley, a British subject, in a vessel
It is, on the contrary, from her silence with respect to under Austrian colours, discovered the. Straits of Fuca.
the continued occupation, by the British, of their settle- In the same year, Captain Duncan, in the ship Princess
tents in the Columbia territory subsequently to the con- Royal, entered the straits, and traded at the village of
vention of 1814, and when as yet there had been no Classet.
transfer of her rights, claims, or pretensions to the In 1788, Meares, a British subject, formed the este-
United States ; and from her silence also while im- blishment at Nootka, which gave rise to the memorable
portant negotiations respecting the Columbia territory, discussion with the Spanish Government, ending in the
incompatible altogether with her ancient claim to exclu- recognition, by that power, of the rght of Great Britain
sive dominion, were in progress between Great Britain to form settlements in the unoccupied parts of the north-
and the United States, fairly to be inferred that Spain west portion of the American continent, and in an en-
considered the stipulations of the Nootka convention, and gagement, on the part of Spain, to reinstate Meares in
the principles therein laid down, to be still in force. the possession from which he had been ejected by the
But the American Plenipotentiary goes so far as to Spanish commanders.
say that the British Government itself had no idea, in In 1792, Vancouver, who had been sent from England
1818, that the Nootka Sound convention was then iu to witness the fulfilment of the above-mentioned engage-
force, because no reference was made to it on the part of went, and to effect a survey of the north-west coast de-
England during the negotiation of that year on the parting from Nootka Sound, entered the Straits of Fuca ;
Oregon question. and, after an accurate survey of the coasts and inlets on
In reply to this argument, it will be sufficient for the both sides, discovered a passage northwards into the
undersigned to remind the American Plenipotentiary Pacific by which he returned to Nootka—having thus
that in the year 1818 no claim, as derived from Spain, circumnavigated the island which now bears his name.
was or could be put forth by the United States, seeing And here we have, asifar as relates to Vancouver's Island,
that it was not until the following year (the year 1819) as complete a case of discovery, exploration, and settle •
that the treaty was concluded by which Spain trans • went as can well be presented, giving to Great Britain,
ferred to the United States her rights, claims, and pre- in any arrangement that may be made with regard to
,
tensions to any territories west of the Rocky Mountains, the territory in dispute, the strongest possible claim to
and north of the 42d parallel of latitude. . the exclusive possession of that island.
Hence, it is obvious that in the year 1818 no occasion While Vancouver was prosecuting discovery and ex-
had arisen for appealing to the qualified nature of the ploration by sea, Sir Alexander Mackenzie, a partner
rights, claims, and pretensions so transferred—a qualifi- in the North-West Company, crossed the Rocky Moon-
cation im
of Nootka.p osed or at least recognised, by the convention tains, discovered the head waters of the river since
called Frazer's River, and following for some time the
The title of the United States to the valley of the course of that river, effected a passage to the sea—
Columbia, the American Plenipotentiary observes is being the first civilised man who traversed the continent
older than the Florida treaty of February, 1819, and of America from sea to sea in those latitudes. On the
exists independently of its provisions. Even sup- return of Mackenzie to Canada, the North-West Com-
posing, then, that the British construction of the Nootka pany established trading posts to the country to the
Sound convention was correct, it could not apply to this westward of the Rocky Mountains.
portion of the territory in dispute. In 1806 and 1811, respectively, the same company
The undersigned must be permitted respectfully to in- t established posts on the Tacoutche, Tease, and the Co-
quire, upon what principle, unless it be upon the prin- lumbia.
ciple which forms the foundation of the Nootka con- In the year 1811, Thompson, the astronomer of the 1
vention, could the United States have acquired a title to North-West Company, discovered the northern bead
any part of the Oregon territory previously to the treaty waters of the Columbia, and following its course till
of 1819, and independently of its provisions? By dis- joined by the rivers previously discovered by Lewis and
covery, exploration, settlement, will be the answer.
Clarke, he continued his journey to the Pacific.
But, says the American Plenipotentiary, in another From that time until the year 1811, when the ar-
pert of his statement, the rights of Spain to the west
latitude, rangement for the joint occupancy of the territory was
coast of America, as far north as the 61st degree of concluded, the North-West Company continued to ex-
were so complete as never to have been serf- tend their operations throughout the Oregon territory,
I
ously questioned by any European nation. and to " occupy," it may be said, as far as occupation
They had been maintained by Spain with the most can be effected in regions so inaccessible and destitute
vigilant jealousy, ever since the discovery of the of resources.
American continent, and had been acquiesced in by all While all this was passing the following events occur-
European powers. They had been admitted even by red, which constitute the American claim in their own
Russia ; and that, too, under a sovereign peculiarly proper right.
Russian subjects for violating the Spanish terri-
e In 1792 Gray entered the mouth of the Columbia river.
In 1805 Lewis and Clarke effected a passage across
Le herC oeumrtpoirfe'Ruwshsiote
the Rocky Mountains, and discovering a branch of the
to
she was extreme'
America, did not hesi- Columbia river, followed it until they reached the ocean.
tenacioustwhenaort
ey
too ncomplaintsat s
hs of f
north-westht eh et
hade rr
Dingt
bo er
coast
oanf
al i
usrt
ai
Spainogdfh et s
that
T In 1811 the trading post or, settlement of Astoria was
against R
sorry that the repeated orders issued to prevent the, r,stablished at the mouth of the Columbia, on the northern
subjects of Russia from violating in the smallest degree ,® of that river.
the territory belonging to another power, should have, This post or settlement passed during the last war into
id
been disobeyed. i British hands by the voluntary act of the persons in
In what did this alleged violation of territory consist?'
Assuredly, in some attempted acts of discovery, explore- ' restored to the United States in 1818, with certain well-
tion, or settlement. : charge of it—a fact most clearly established. It was
authenticated reservations; but it was never actually
At that time Russia stood in precisely the same posi-
.re-occupied by American citizens, having from the
tion with reference to the exclusive rights of Spain. as .:moment of the original transfer or sale continued to be
'
the United States, and any acts in contravention of those occupied by British subjects.
rights, whether emanating from Russia or from the • These are the acts of discovery, exploration, and settle-
Uuited States, would necessarily be judged by one and. i meat referred to by the United 'States as giving them a
the same rule.
How, then, can it be pretended that acts which, in the
...proper right.
' .claim to the valley of the Columbia, in their own
case of Russia, were considered as criminal violations of 1
the Spanish territory, should, in the case of citizens of The Briaish Government are disposed to view them in
the United States, be appealed to as constituting a valid '
-value to which they can in fairness be entitled; but tbere 1
title to the territory affected by them ? and yet from circumstances attending eachand all of them which
I tiae most liberal sense, and to give to them the utmost I
are
this inconsistency the American Plenipotentiary cannot must, in the opinion of any impartial investigator of
escape, if he persists in considering the American tit an the. subject, take from them a great deal of the effect
to have been perfected by discovery, exploration, a std whie:h the American negotiators assign to them as
settlement, when as yet Spain had made no transfer- of
her rights, if, to use his own words, " that title, is drain( d try the Columbia and its branches.
older than the Florida treaty, and exists independently In the first place, as relates to the discovery of Gray,
of its provisions.' giving' to this country a claim to the entire region
it m mist be remarked that he was a private navigator,
According to the doctrine of exclusive dominion, the sail; el erinelpally for the purposes of trade, which fact
exploration of Lewis and Clarke, and the establishment est
founded at the mouth of the Columbia, must be con- be' meen the discoveries accomplished by him arid view,
those
downed as encroachments on the territorial rights of en
, .acted by Cook and Vancouver, who sailed in ships of
According to the opposite principle, by which disco- iti 4bßshes a wide difference, in a national point of
Spain. I a es royal navy of Great Britain, and who were sent to
se north-west coast for the express purpose of explore,-
very. exploration, and settlement are considered as giving t
ion and discovery.
1 eli: ' ' t.' it„.•"::' ',ll•'-'-' , --1' (:. ,;
, sai rdoltqi to i In the I,k Xi 1 ~( r., it
in tile course of toe seine paper us constituting a corn- I:, a circumstance not to be lost
e
plate title in favour of the United States.national point
by any act which could give it value in a
' Besides, how shall we reconcile the high estimation of
r . it was not, in truth, made known to the world
0- view ;
the territorial rights of Spain, considered independently of i •
AO Nootka Sound convention, with the course observed discoverer himself or by his Government.
sight of, that it was not for several years followed up
, bo recently as the year 1826, the American Plenipoten-
rAther by the

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tiaries in London, remarked with great correctness, in
one of their reports, that "respecting the mouth of the
Columbia river, we know nothing of Gray's discoveries
but through British accounts."
In the next place, the connexion of Gray's discovery
with that of Lewis and Clarke, is interrupted by the in-
tervening exploration of Lieutenant Broughton, of the
British surveying ship Chatham.
With respect to the expedition of Lewis and Clarke
it must, on a close examination of the route pursued by
them, be confessed that, neither on their outward
journey to the Pacific, nor on their homeward journey
to the United States, did they touch upon the head
waters of the principal branch of the Columbia river,
which lie far to the north of the parts of the country tra-
versed and explored by them.
Thompson, of the British North-West Company, was
the first civilised person who navigated the northern, in
reality the main branch of the Columbia, or traversed
any part of the country drained by it.
It was by a tributary of the Columbia the: Lewis and
Clarke made their way to the main stream of that aver,
which they reached at a pint distant, it is believed, not
more than 200 miles frotn the point to which the river
had already been explored by Broughton.
These facts, the undersigned conceives, will be found
sufficient to reduce the value of Lewis and Clarke's ex-
ploration on the Columbia to limits which would by no
means justify a claim to the whole valley drained by that
river and its branches. . .

As to settlement, the qualified nature of the rights de-
volved to the United States by virtue of the restitution
of Fort Astoria has already been pointed out.
It will thus be seen, the undersigned confidently be,
Neves, that on the grounds of discovery, exploration,
and settlement, Great Britain has nothing to fear from
a comparison of her claims to the Oregon territory, taken
as a whole, with those of the United States.

That reduced to the valley drained by the Columbia,
the facts en which the United States rest their case are
far from being of that complete and exclusive character
which would justify a claim to the whole valley of the
Columbia ; and -
That, especially as relates to Vancouver's Island,
taken by itself, the preferable claim of Great Britain in
every point of view, seems to have been clearly demon-
strated.

After this exposition of the views entertained by the
British Government respecting the relative value and
importance of the British and American claims, the
American Plenipotentiary will not be surprised to hear
that the undersigned does not feel at liberty to accep
theprinsal offered by the American Plenipotentiary for
the settlement of the question.
This proposal, in fact, offers less than that tendered by
the American PlenipotentiariOs in the negotiation of
1826, and declined by the British Government.
On that occasion it was proposed that the navigation
of the Columbia should be made free to both parties.
On this nothing is said in the proposal to which the
undersigned has now the honour to reply ; while, with
respect_ o the proposed freedom of the ports on Van-
couver's Island south of lat. 49 degs., the facts which
have been appealed to in this paper, as giving to Great
Britain the strongest claim to the possession of the
whole island, would seem to deprive such a proposal of
any value.
The undersigned, therefore, trusts that the American
Plenipotentiary will, be prepared to offer some further
proposal for the settlement of the Oregon question more
consistent with fairness and equity, and with the reason-
able expectations of the British Government, as defined
in the statement (marked D) which the undersigned had
the honour to present to the American Plenipotentiary at
the early part of the present negotiation.
The undersigned, British Plenipotentiary, has the
honour to renew to the Hon. James Buchanan, Secretary
of State and Plenipotentiary of the United States, the
assurance of his high consideration.
H. PAKE NH AM.
Hon. James Buchanan, &c.