The Sun.
London, England, 1845-08-07 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 7, 1845.

4 yrs, 6;.t 111b—Salopian, 3 yrs, 6st 61b—Dean Swift,
3 yrs, 6:4 31b—St Flu r. 3 yrs, 6st 31b.
ABINGDON, 1845.
Acceptances for the Mareham Park Stakes.
Una, aged, 8A 111b—Buscot Buck, 4 yrs, 7st 31b—
Columbm., 3 yrs, fist— Sparsholt, 5 yrs, sst 101b—Busk
gelding, 4 yrs, sst 101b—Giantess, 3 yrs, sst 101b—
Antonio, 3 yrs, sst 61b—Wild Roe. 3 years, sst 61b.
DONCASTER, 1846. _

IN THE

TUESDAY.—Lord Maidstone's Atropos agst Lerd
Glasgow's by the Provost, out of Miss Whip, Bst 41b
each. Ptcd House in. 100, h ft.
PAISLEY, 1845.

Acceptances for the Glasgow Cup—The Shadow, aged,
Sst 1216—Lara, aged, .Ist 2ib—Glossy, 5 3n, 7st 71b—
Nottingham, 5 yrs, 7st 51b—Brevity, 5 yrs, ist 31b—
Dog Billy. 4 ps, 21b—Rasensworth, 5 yrs, 7,t 21b
—Pythia, 3 yrs, 6st 61b—Fitzjames, 4 } rs, 6st.

NAMES OF EAILWAYS. I London.
pool.

Aberdeen ..

Arbroath and Forfar
Ditto Half Shares .
Armagh, Colr., & Portrush
Belfast and Ballymena • •••
Belfast and County Down
Birmingham and Glo'ster
Do. New (iss. at 7% dis.)
Ditto Half Shares
Birminghm & Oxfrd. June.
Blckburn, Chrly, & N. tin.
Brighton, Lewes, and Hast.
Bristol and Exeter
Ditto New
Bristol and Gloucester .
Caledonian
Ditto Extension
Cambridge and Lincoln
Chester and Holyhead .
Cheltenham and Oxford
Chichester and Brighton
Churnet Valley
Clydesdale Junction
Cork and Bandon
Cork and Killarney
Cork and Waterford
Cork and Youghal
Covntry, Bedwrth, & Nun.
Coventry and Leicester ...
Cornwall .
Diss, Beccles, and Yarmoth
Direct Northern
Direct Norwich ......
Dublin and Belfast Junct.
Dublin, Belfast, & Colraine
Dublin and Ga1way.......:
Dundalk and Enniskillen
Dundee and Arbroath
Ditto New...
Dundee and Perth •
Eastern Counties
Do. New . .

Do. Perp., 5 pr Cnt., No.
Do. ditto No. 2
East Dereham & Norwich
Eastern Union
Ditto Extension
Edinbgh, Glas., and Dum.
Edinburgh anGlasgow...
Do. Quarter Share.
Do. New Quarter Shares
Edinb., Leith, and Granton
Ditto Pref. 5 per Cent.
Edinburgh and Northern
Edinburgh and Peebleshire
Edinburgh and Perth
Ely and Bedford
Enniskillen and Sligo
Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorchstr
Garnkirk and Glasgow
Glasgow and Ayr
Do. Quarter Shares
Glasgow and Greenock
Ditto New
Ditto Preference
Glasgow, Dmfries, and Car
Goole and Doncaster
Grand Junction ..
Ditto Half Shares

Ditto Quarter Shares
Grand Union ...
Great Grimsby & Sheffield
Gt Sothrn & Wstrn (Irelnd)

Ditto Extension . ,
Great Munster .........
Great. Northern of Scotlud
Great Northern of Englnd
Do. New, 401. Shares
Do. New, 301. Shares
Great Western
Ditto Half Shares ..
Ditto Fifths
Guildfrd, Fareh ni , & Ports
llarwich
Hull and Gainsborough
Hull and Selby
Ditto Quarter Shares
Ditto Half Shares.
Inverness and Elgin. ..... ..•
Kendal and Windermere
Kingstown and Bray
Killarney Junctions
Lancaster and Carlisle.....
Leeds and W. Hiding June
Leicester and Birmingham
Leicester and Bedford
Limerick and Waterford
Limrck, Ennis,& Kil. Junc
Lincoln, York, and Leeds
Liverpool and Manchester
Ditto Half Shares

Ditto Quarter Shares ...
London and Birmingham .

Ditto Thirds

Ditto Quarters
London and Blaekwall
London and Brighton
Do. Cnsolidated Eighths
London and Croydon.

Ditto New

Do. Guarantd. 5 per cent.
London and Greenwich
Do. Prefrnc. or Privilege
London & South Western
Do. New Cone. Eighths

Do. New, 50/. Shares
Do. New, 401. Shares
London and York
London and Windsor
Londn, Salisbury, & Yeovil
Londonderry and Coleraine
Londonderry & Enniskillen
Lynn and Ely
Lynn and Dereham...
Manchester and Leeds

Ditto Half Shares .
Ditto Quarter Shares

Ditto Sixteenths
Manchester & Birminghm
Ditto Quarter Shares
Do. New Quarter Shares
Manchstr, Buxtn, & Matlk
Midland
Ditto Fifths
Ditto New
Do. Birminghm & Derby
Midland Gt Westrn (Irish)

Do. Extension to Sligo
Nwcastl & Darlingtn June
Do. New (Brandling)
Newcastle and Berwick
Newcastle and Carlisle
Newport and Abergavenny
Newry and Enniskillen
Newark and Sheffield
North British . .....
Ditto th
Northern and Eastern

Do. Scrip (iss. at 5 dis.)
Do. Quarter Shares
North Kent
North Staffordshire..
North Wales
Norwich and Brandon
Ditto New
Not., Belvoir, and Granthm
Nottingham and Boston ...
Nutt., Erewsh Val. & Man
Oxford and Worcester
Perth and Inverness
Portsmouth Direct
Preston and Wyre
Richmnd and W. End June
Rugby, Worcester, & Trip g
Scottish Central
Scottish Midland
Sheffield and Manchester
Ditto Quarter Shares
Shrews.,Wolv.,Dudly,&Bir
Shrewsbry & Trnt Val. Un.
Shrewsb, Herefd, & N.Wals
Slamannan .
South Devon
South Midland
South Eastern and Dover
Do. New (iss. 321.) No.
Do. (iss. 33/.68.8d.) „ 2
Do (iss. 301.) „ 3
Staines and Richmond
Staffordshire & Shropshire
Stirling and Dunfermline
South ........
Trent Valley
Do. and Holyhead June
West London, Old Shares
West End & Southrn Coun
Wexford and Carlow
Warwick and Cheltenham
Waterford and Kilkenny
Watrfd,Wex fd,Wick&Dub
Welsh Midland
West Cornwall
West Yorkshire .
Wilts, Somrst. & Weymth
Yarmouth and Norwich
Ditto New
York and Carlisle
York and North Midland
Ditto Half Shares. •
Do. Scarborough Branch
Ditto Selby
Ditto Extension

FOREIGN RAILWAYS
Boulogne and Amiens
Bordeaux & Mediterranean
Bordeaux and Toulouse.—
Brdeaux, Toulouse, & Cette
Dendre Valley
Dieppe and Paris Junction
Dijon and Mu1h0u5e.......
East Indian.
Gt Nrthn of Frnce (Lafitte)
Ditto (Rosamel's)
Great Paris and Lyons
Jamaica Junction
Do. South Midlnd Junc
Louvain and Jemeppe
...yons and Avignon .
Namur and Liege
Orleans and Vierzon
Orleans and Bordeaux ....
Over Yssel
Paris and Lyons ( Lafitte's)
Ditto (Ganneron's)
Ditto (Calon's)
Paris and Orleans .
Paris and Rouen
Pars & Strsbrg(Gannern's)
Do. (Compte de L'Est)
Paris and St. Quentin

Rouen and Havre .

Royal North of Spain
Sambre and Meuse
Strasbourg and Basle
Tours & Nants(ll'Kenzie's)
Do. (Lefebvre's)
Verona and Ancona
West Flanders

Aug. 6.
3%

-
2%

251-A
97%
12 •
61
10%

318
22
3

1%

203/4
7%

o 1i,,2

84%
21%
IQ%

3%

21
11%

121',4
49
3%
1%

105
21%

--
1172

11%

2434
IYB

24
82/2
143/4

3%
204

64%

180

_
28%

39
25%

29%
:8%

18
2%.

24

71%
414
36

1 A
2'A

30
4%
461 h

814

-
5%

Aug. 5.
3%

146—s. 6d

58s. 6d
114

121%
61
1%

......
55 LA

2%

53/4

2061(i
93 h
33%

27%

-
8;{;

4%
31%

265.
105.

7%

128%
12%
.....
311
fte
—B.

i
Bristol
chester.

lAug. 5.

_
214

44

245.
26s 3d

1%
514

5%

376

32%

6%

8%

414
3%

5%

-
3 5-16
7%

51/i
30

3514

5 •M
46i-4

814

BIA3

.5%

33/

Aug. 5.

5514
53

254

22 6

111 A

6 11
2
63/4

10.

12%
60:yt
1014

3%

-
3%

5%

RELATIVE CLOSING PRICES OF RAILWAY SHARES

PRINCIPAL CITIES AND TOWNS IN ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND.

-
3%

6

2%

13s. 6cll
VA

235. 6d
395.

36
395. p

6%

26%

-
6.3/4

3914
21%

13g.

--.. I

26%

281,E
83/4

10%
234
314.
22%

211%

....
8%

735.

36L6d.
84
20

10%
22

1%
305.6 d.

21j§

104
2
235.

2%

674

3 %
3 34

Dublin.

4%p

3%

15s.
41s.
7%

955. p

21%

......
5%
___

lAug. 4.

27%
8

GIA
478.

_
1%
18

4%

3%

614
3%

6%
114 i
2•74

2%
21/2'

63
2

.....
295. p

22%

5%

1335.6 d.

4
12%

3N
2%

-
2
72%

1361:6d.

1 ,

MAGAZINES.-(CONTINUED.)
THE FARMER'S MAGAZINE.
Many very good and very practical papers; oti
harvesting, grain crops, chemistry fur farmvrs, The
Royal Agricultural Society of England, &c. &c., are
preceded by two highly finished engravings ; the one of
a Guernsey Ox of the Pure Breed ; the other of Mr.
Gratwick's " Merry Monarch"—the " outside," but
powerful winner of the last Derby. This Magazine is a
most redundant two shillingsworth of invaluable in-
formation for the farmer, the grazier, and the gardener.

NEW SPORTING MAGAZINE.
The contents of the present number are of a more
varied character than usual, and the Yachtstnan, the
Turfite, the Angler, and the Grouse-shooter; will
meet here with papers on their favourite pursuits,
well worthy of their attention, from the hands of men
fully qualified to treat of them. Among those most
deserving of commendation are Cotherstone's and
Cecil's on Training the Racehorse and the Game-
laws. The illustrations are creditable to engraver
and painter, and, on the whole, the number is the
best we have seen for some time.

LA WRE VIE TV. No. IV. •
This Quarterly Journal will always command a
circle of readers without, as well as within, the bar.
It is conducted under the auspices of parties who
bring to their task very extensive general informa-
tion, as well as the soundest legal learning and
judgment. The two best papers this quarter are
those on " Heriots," and on "Lord Eldon," as a Law
Reformer. But the letter of Lord Camden and Lord
Northington, the Memoir of Lord President Blair,
and the " Practical Suggestions to Promoters of
Railways," are all excellent in their way. , •

THE BRITISH QUARTERLY REVIEW.
Of this review it is satiefactory to us to report a
steady and progressive improvement. Of the ten papers
in the present number most may safely challenge com-
parison with their more veteran contemporaries in the
blue and buff and the olive green liveries. The Currency
Question ; Tennyson's Poems, and School of. Poetry ;
Ecclesiastical History—(a paper occasioned by the, ap-
pearance of the late Dr. Wild's "Elements of Church
History," Vol. I.) ; Russian Government and Society—
(a careful review of " Revelations of Russia") ;
Real Union of England and Ireland ; French Philoso-
phy (Jouffroy's " Xouveaux Milanges PhilosophiqUes") ;
Popular Eduaation (Dr. Hamilton's Prize Essay) ;
D'lsraeli's "Sybil ;" The Bampton Lectures ; and
Brougham's' Lives of Men of Letters," &c.—all,:these
offer an abundant field for extract. But our litnits,heing
very, contracted, we can notice only, for the purpose of
, quotation, the paper on Mr. Cargill's Currency Question,
and on Mr. Taylor's admirable "Essay on Motley" and
"Catechism of the Currency." We would entreat our
readers to be induced, by the Reviewer's sensible
remarks on the absurd prejudice which exists against
the more general study of " Currency," to betake them-
selves without loss of time to the acquisition of some
Preliminary or elementary acquaintance (most easily ac-
quired) of this, the most august and tremendous question,
we hesitate not to affirm, of the day, and of which the
terrible development that must be brought about by a
blind acquiescence much longer continued, in the signal
errors of the Premier's monetary legislation, will more
fatally convulse this country than any calamity she has
experienced since the exhaustion consequent on the
civil wars, or the closing of the Exchequer in 1673. We
commend, therefore, without further comment, the fol-
lowing passages to public attention:—
" The question of currency is, in fact, mixed, More or less
intimately, with some of the bearings of almost every political
question of great importance which can come before us.
There is hardly one upon which it does not either proximately
or remotely bear. Whether it be a question of taxation, or of
commerce, or of agricultural position, or of peace or war, or of
the laws respecting corn and other provisions, or of tithes, or
fixed payments of any kind, national or individual, this übiqui-
tous question of currency has relation to them all. No man;
whatever may be his intellectual resources and acquirements in
other respects, can really understand the history of his ceimtry
for the last century and a half, who is unacquainted with tbis
question. We say, the last century and a half, because it was
not until about the period of the Revolution of 1668, that
financial exigencies became prominent in the regulation of the
political movements of civilized nations."
As to the facility of acquirement, the Reviewer remarks:
" It seems to follow that this portion at all events, of the
much controverted science of political economy' is a portion
which may be certainly known, which may, be termed an
exact' science, and which he who understands, comprehends
in its integrity fully, unpuzzled by any infusion of error, un-
clouded by any sophistry, undistracted by any specious fallacy ;
and this truth we now propose, as the first step in this inquiry,
to impress upon the reader."
As to "value" and "money," these are his definitional—
. 6 We find from this, that the value of a thing in exchange
depends upon its plentity or scarcity, upon the ease or difficulty
of getting it ; or, in other words, upon the quantity of labour
which is required to enable us to obtain it. By this surely
simple process, we obtain a perfect perception of the bearings
of the general term ' value ; and by an easy inference, we
see, at the same time, that as various things are owing to the
dispensations of Providence, sometimes more plentiful than at
other times, the exchangeable value of these things is subject
to constant variation ; and that ' exchangeable value' is not
only an idea quite distiect from that of positive value, but liable
to constant changes as to its application to particular things, of
constant use amongst men. Here is another very plain but
very simple step in this question. A child may comprehend
it ; and yet children of a larger growth' suffer themselves to
be confused or puzzled by it, merely from neglecting thus to
begin at the beginning. We have now arrived, naturally and
easily, at the question of ' money' and its use. It is surely
nothing more than a self-evident thing, that, having once cable
to see this tendency to constant variation and flux in the ex-
changeable values of' commodities in use by society, we cannot
avoid also perceiving that these constant variations must cause
great inconvenience in the barter or exchange of these commo-
dities. There cannot be, in such a state of barter, any means
of quickly and certainly knowing what the value, at the mo-
ment, of any commodity was or is compared with the rest. No
man could know, easily, how much wheat to give for so much.
barley, or how much wine for so much oil ; and hence the de-
sire amongst men to have at hand, at all times, some means of
measuring, and, at the same time, expressing the actual ex •
changeable value, at the moment, of any commodity and of all
commodities. This means is money ;' and our next step is to
inquire how mankind came to fix upon gold and silver as the
best substances of which to coin money—that money being to
be used as a standard measure of the value in exchange of all
other commodities."

We can only afford room for one more extract. It
regards Sir Robert Peel's " complement" Bill of last
year :

" It is not our intention to disguise, however, our opinion, of
this celebrated measure. It has been well described as a
scheme to prevent ebb-tides, by keeping the country always at low
water.' That the intention is such as is here quaintly sha-
dowed forth is wet denied by its author. That it will effect
even this portion of the advantage he expects to derive from it,
we must take leave to doubt. The Act of 1819 was a mistake
—not in its principle, but in its application. The Act of 1844
is not a mistake; but it is worse than that—it is ' a crotchet,'
totally inconsistent with other portions of the policy of the very
man in whose prepossessions alone it originates, and with which
it is made to limp forward hand in hand. It is impotent to
secure, under given circumstances, the ends put forward by its
projector as the motives for its enactment. It is at opee war
with every other enactment of a fiscal or commercial nature to
which his administration has given birth."
Without committing ourselves by any means to all
the opinions contained in this powerful paper, we really
look upon it as one of the most able summaries of the
"Currency Question" that we have ever yet seen.

THE THEOLOGIAN. A Chronicle of Ancient and
Modern Divinity, No. VII.

The papers in this Number—" Objective Moral-
ity," " Magic," " Present Spiritual Temptations,"
" Hieroglyphics," " The Ideal of the Reformation,"
" Rabbinism "—these form a garland surely of ample
variety for extract. They are, however, for the most
part, ably written, and full of interest. Yet we find
it difficult to convey an adequate notion of one of
them by the condensed abridgment of which, alone,
our limits would allow—but we " bring up," at once,
at a very curious note on the article " Magic," from
which we transfer the following whimsical portion,
out of respect for the very zealous and learned, but
credulous Ashmole.

" These very words occur in the notes to a body of
treatises professing to explain all these mysteries:, it
would be difficult to find an instance of a man exhibit-
ing more acuteness in bolstering up a system of super-
stition, in which he devoutly believed, than Elias Ash-
mole.

" Dr. Campbell in his Hermippus Redivivus, quotes a
singular book published under the title Melanges
d'Histoire et de Literature par M. de Vigneul Marville,'
Bonaventure d'Argonne was the realliame of the author
who called himself Vigneul de Marville ; he was a
Chartreux religieux, and died about 1704. The follow-
ing tale is told, by way of exemplifying the notions above
named:—' The day after our arrival in London, several
tradesmen came to our lodgings, in order to sell us the
commodities and curiosities of their country. Every one
of the company fixed readily his attention on what
pleased him most ; some brought gloves, others ribbons,
and others silk gloves. The merchandise which fell to
my share was several perspective glasses and microscopes;
ho who sold them was an excellent mathematician, a man
of great capacity, and could speak French tolerably well.
I kept him to dinner, and as he was mighty well pleased
with the entertainment, ho told me, after he rose from
the table, that he had a great curiosity to show me. He
then took out of a shagreen box an instrument in a tor-
toiseshell case, which proved to be a most excellent mi-
croscope. I may well bestow this epithet upon it, since
it was so excellent as not only to discover an infinity of
bodies imperceptible to the naked eye, but even the atoms
of Epicurus, the subtle matter of Descartes, the vapours
of the earth, those which flow from our own bodies, and
such as bring down to us here the influence of the stars.
The first experiment I made was looking on the person
from whom I received it, at the distance of four or five
paces, which gave me an opportunity of discerning an
infinite number of little worms, that were feeding most
voraciously upon his clothes; by which I perceived that,
contrary to the common opinion, it is not we who wear
out our clothes, but they are fairly eaten off our backs
by these invisible insects. I changed my situation, and
considered my mathematician in another light. He ap-
peared to be enveloped in a dark cloud. He told me,
that this appearance was owing to his perspiring strongly
after dinner ; and that this ought to convince me of the
truth of what Sanctorius had delivered in respect to the
proportion between this and other secretions. We next
went into the kitchen, where there was a large piece of
beef roasting for the servants, and I had the pleasure of
seeing with the same microscope, how the fire separates
all the parts of the wood upon which it acts, and darts
them by the.violence of its motion against the beef that
turns before it, wounding it as it were, with an infinite
number of shafts, and so tearing it to- pieces, some of
which are converted into juice, and others into s delicate
kind of smoke' or vapour, which filled the kitchen, and
was very sensibly distinguished by our nostrils. Going
out of the house, we saw four young men playing at:
ball. lat 'first sight felt' a strong inclination in favour of
one, and as strong an aversion against another, whence I