The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-19 00:00:00

lence ; that as free men they wish to support themselves
by their own exertions and labour ; that they have no
doubt that if human laws did not interfere, they would
be able to do so ; and that they, therefore, hope that all
laws tending to curtail the supply of food, to diminish
the sources of employment, and to press down the springs
of industry, may speedily be abolished.
" 7. That all laws enacted for the purpose of raising
the price of food and other commodities used by the
people above their natural price in the great market of
the world, may be beneficial to certain classes, but must
be injurious to the great mass of the people."
Mr. AS/CELL tenant-farmer) came forward to second
the resolutions. What was to become of the labourer ?
That was the real question of the day.—(Hear.) The
first duty of the Legislature was to see that the people
do not starve. How was it possible for a labourer to
live with a family on 6s. or 7s. a week ?—(Hear.) He
advised the labourers to be as patient as they could—to
hold together as well as they could for their common in-
terest. They need not terrify any one or attempt any
violent measures ; but they could form associations.—
(Hear.) Many, no doubt, would have to go into the
poorhouse ; but the rest could form associations, which
they had as much right to do as the Carlton Club. They
could form village clubs, reading societies, aye, and tee-
total societies, and then they would not get drunk and
break the law.—(A laugh.) The wants of the labourer
were the cause of his committing crime.—(Hear.) After
some further remarks, Mr. Askell seconded the reso-
lutions.
WILLIAM SPACKMAN (a labouring man in the neigh-
bourhood of Highworth) requested to be allowed to ad-
dress the meeting He said he had a wife and nine
children to support, and he had not done more than three
days' work during the last fortnight. This brought him in
ss. 6d or 65., out of which ho had to pay 2s. a week for
rent. What could he do-with the rest?—(Hear, hear.)
Well, but he was told he might go to the workhouse,
and there he meant to go, and he hoped that all labour-
ing men with families would go there also. But there
they would be separated from their wives and children.
—(Hear.) That was against God's law.—(" Yes, it is!")
The Scripture said, " Whom God bath joined, let no man
put asunder." The Scripture also said, that cursed
would be the man who put them asunder, and he be-
lieved it would be so.—(Cheers.) The poor-law was a
law against Scripture.—(Renewed cheers.) But it would
cost so much to keep them in the workhouse. To keep
him and his family in the workhouse would cost 30s. a
week. Out of the workhouse, with labour and the wages
paid for it, it would not cost half as much.—(Hear.) He
was willing to work, but could get no employment. Even
if he did, how (could a poor man keep a family on Bs.
a week?—(Hear, hear.) Something must be done. The
poor could not go on any longer. If the poor man
wanted twenty lug (perches) of land, why could he not
have it at the same price as the, farmer? Why was he
charged at the rate of 51. or 61. an acre?—(A voice—
" Yea, and 81. an acre!") How could the poor man pay
that price? Why, if they let the poor man have a couple
of acres of land for a year or two for nothing, and then
charged him a fair rent for it afterwards, would not that
be better than his going to the union?—(Cheers.) But
it was of n) use. They must all go to the workhouse.
His advice was, to the poor who had families, " Flock
to the union—fill the union—and then something
would be done."—(Hear, hear.) A gentleman came
to him the other day and said to him, " Can't
you maintain yourself on Bs. a week?" He answered
the gentleman, " Could you keep yourself on rBs. a
week?" The gentleman replied that that had nothing to
do with it, upon which he answered that it had a great
deal to do with it ; for if one man could not do it,
another could not.—(Cheers.) It was this poverty that
drove men to do what they ought not. Many a poor
man, with a wife and family, rather than go into the
union, where he would be separated from them, did
what he would not have done.—(Hear.) He (William
Spackman) had been nine months in a workhouse. He
did not mean to go nine months more there. He would
rather travel the country first. He did not care who
was there to hear him, or who was not. The Scripture
said, " Thy gold and silver shall bear witness against
thee, and the cry of ;the poor shall reach the Lord."
The state of the poor was something like the state of
the children of Israel-when they were in bondage. He
said to his fellow-labourers, " Let your prayers ascend
to Heaven ! May God send us down help, and deliver
us from our distress."—(Cheers, and cries of " Bravo I")
Mr. EDRIDGE, who lately contested the county, was
the next sneaker. He said he felt some hesitation in
addressing them, as he was a stranger. He was a plain
man speaking to a great many plain men. He should
treat the question as a matter of business. The agricul-
tural labourers and small tradesmen were in distress.
Why were they in distress ? Was it because they were
lazy and indulged in drunken habits that they were in
want of the common necessaries of life ? Or was it
because they were starved by the unjust laws of unjust
men?—("Yes!") Was it in consequence of the taxation
on corn, on leather, on sugar, and on all other things ?
Yes, it was ; and they were taxed in an unjust degree.
The poor man with his limited means was taxed in a,
greater degree than the rich man. The taxes bore the
most heavily on those articles which the poor man con-
sumed ; yet the gentleman could not eat more bread than
the poor man.—(Hear.) The taxes ought to bear most
on the rich, and least on the poor man.—(Cheers.)
Clever men had,
in
that the labourer paid nearly-,
half his wages in taxes on'articles of consumption. The
gentleman did not- pay in anythitrg like the same pro.
'portion. This was one greaVeause of the hardships
under which the poor suffered.—(A voice—" That is the
only cause I") No ; it was not the only cause ; be-
cause, by the laws restricting commerce, and therefore
lessening the demand for labour, the poor were deprived
of the means by which they might be able to pay
the taxes.—(Hear.) This was foul play ; and he (Mr.
Edridge) would be ashamed if he did not denounce it
whenever the opportunity offered. One of the previous
speakers had recommended the labourers to form associ-
ations. He thought that was bad advice. No ; let them
come forward and attend public meetings. Let them
appeal to the gentry of England to lead them, and let the
gentry and the poor be once more of one family.—
(Cheers.) The flock would fare badly without the shep-
herds ; but in this case the shepherds were all rogues.—
(A laugh.) Their Noble Chairman ought not to have
been left alone by the aristocracy to-day. If he (Mr.
Edridge) was charged with having done wrong, as they
were charged with doing so, would he skulk in the
woods ? No ! But they were charged with cruelty and
oppression towards the poor. If he were the subject of
slosh a gysitpiNtOefirek lf eir,l)* men go. ntt'itsliatld 1)4
hiS ititiy.—(llar,) The wary ought to_ come Arward
and see 16-the-poor. If
_their horsc or their f949,ipid,
Wero ill; dui 'tlbetisewduid be sett Yor," and the fine
generous animal would be cared for and physioked.' 3tit
if men—men made in the image of- Gredrwith wives and
children whose cheeks met together from starvation--
came to them, they would not give them a bit of bread !
—(Loud cheers.) They knew that the people were
starving—(Hear)—yet they would attend to their horse
or their dog, but they would do nothing for the honest
industrious working man.—(Hear, hear.) The men who
allowed the wives and children of the poor to starve were
murderers. " The blood of thy brother be on thy head !"
It would be visited on them.—(Cheers.) He (Mr.
Edridge) threw this out by way of hint. It was not often
they got such hints.—(Cheers.) There was nothing of a
rebellious or a sour spirit among those who had met
there that day. All the poor men wanted was to be able
to work for themselves and their wives and children.—
(" Yes, that is all we want, gentlemen.") He hoped the
gentlemen of England would come forward while it was
yet time.—(Cheers.)
Wilda/km COLE, of Lechlade, a labourer, next
mounted the waggon from the body of the meeting.
He said—We poor men aro put upon very much indeed.
The farmers make poor souls work many hours more
than they ought, and give them nothing for it. They
put taxes on poor souls, instead of which they ought to
take them off. If they took a little of the duty off malt,
it would be good for poor souls. Also if they took a
good deal away from the parsons.—(A laugh.) It
would be a good thing for the poor man to get his acre
or two acres of land. The farmer says he would not
work if he got it. That is not true. What the working
man wants is a little more wages, and then he would be
able to pay his rent and taxes,—(Hear.) The Lord will
be with the poor, and God knows what will become of
the gentlemen when they die. I'm sure I don't know.—
(Hear.) I hope the gentlemen will let the poor have a
little land. (A voice—" Yes ; but not at 61. an acre !")
Let them have land for one year for nothing, and then
let it to them afterwards for a penny a lug (perch) more
than the others have it for.—(Hear.) The speaker
was going on to recommend that the tax should be
taken off tea and sugar, and put on thrashing ma-
chines, when it was intimated to him that he was
talking too long. He persisted, until Spackman, the
former speaker, stepped forward, and gave him a signi-
ficant look, upon which, turning round to Lord Radnor
and the gentlemen who had got up the meeting, he said,
" Gentlemen, I have said all I can to do good. I hope
it will be pleasing to you."
A person named CANDY, who was dressed like a me-
chanic, and wore an apron, and who said he came from
London, then addressed the meeting in a long and
rather violent harangue, savouring of Chartism. After
entering at some length into the condition of the work-
ing classes, he asked, " What are you going to do ?
Are you going to submit, or are you going to join
heart and hand in putting down the demon power—
monopoly ? Unite—unite—unite ! Get information.
That is the groundwork of regeneration. All nature
around you is good and beautiful, testifying to the
handiwork of God, yet man, his noblest work, presents
this spectacle of woe. Yes, there are men, who have
reason to curse the hour that gave them birch.—(Hear,
end (Lie oatr,
hear.) Then, let us use our energies to
Put a
all the good
such a state of things. Let every
aonri do
eus end will be
he can. Ultimately
flgreat:n d gl
we should see here the
accomplished.
GodbefsPeibee' id
tht
and Marat. The English
days of Denton, R
people want no revolution.rrAll that they want is a fair
wages for a fair day's work.—(Hear.)
da.l7:h e Earl of RADNOR said he wished to say a few
words before the resolutions were put. Some of the
speakers had described the state in which the labouring
classes were. Ile feared that is that neighbourhood the t

poverty which had been stated to exist was not at all
uncommon. The agricultural labourer suffered con-
siderable privation. Not only was there a deficiency in
the demand for labour, but the wages given also were
most inadequate to supply the wants of the people. At
the same time it appeared to him most unjust to bring a
charge against the landowner and the farmer for giving
insufficient wages. No man was bound to give for any-
thing more than he could get it for. They had heard a
great deal about the new poor-law.—(Hear.) Now, he
had always been, and still was, a zealous friend to the
poor-law. He thought it was a wise measure. They
all knew what abuses there were under the old poor-law.
The present law was based on the most strict philo-
sophical principles, and the more stringently it was car-
ried out, the better he believed it would be for all per-
sons to whom it was intended to apply. At the same
time he was free to admit that the poor of this country
were labouring under great difficulties and grievances,
for which some remedy might and ought to be found.
lie believed that the poverty of the working man arose
from the labour-market being overstocked, which was
owing to the demand for the industry of the country
being restricted by the laws affecting trade, commerce,
and manufactures. He believed !that what the country
wanted was free trade.—(Bear, hear.) But a great deal
had been said about the allotment system, and it was said
that the labourers paid too high rents for their allot-
ments. He thought the argument was unjust. Why
should land be let to one man for less when another was
ready to give more ? It would be to deprive the land-
owner of his right to his property. The real cause of
the high rents was, that there was a great demand for
allotments, and people were ready to give more for them
than perhaps they ought to do. Ile for one was alto-
gether opposed to the principle of the allotment system.
That principle prevailed almost universally in Ireland,
and yet there was no people on the face of the earth that
suffered more from poverty than did the peasantry of
Ireland.—(Hear.) The Noble Earl concluded by advo-
cating the repeal of the corn-laws, which, by opening a
larger market, would increase the demand for labour, and
therefore the wages of labour.
Mr. PHIPPS said he was in favour of allotments, and
thought it was of no use talking about free trade. It
was of no use to send the labourers to Manchester. They
bred too fast there already. He was for allotments, but
they should not be at rents too high for the people to
pay. They should not be treated as the Noble Earl in
the chair treated some tenants of his, when he enclosed
a strip of waste land at the bottom of Blunsden-hill, and
let it in allotments at Bd. the lug (equal to .5L 6s. Bd. an
acre), and, when the tenants had worked the land, and
improved it, turned them out to make room for others ;
putting them on fresh allotments for them to cultivate at
the same high rents.—(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.")
The speaker entered into some details which seemed to
be understood and taken up by the working men in the
body of the meeting ; but his statement was so rambling
and unconnected, that it was not possible to understand
it clearly. At length he was called to order by
The Earl of RADNOR, who said he would tell them
exactly how the matter stood as to the allotments at
Blunsden-hill. The fact was, that although many years
ago he was bitten by the allotment system, he was now
wholly opposed to it. One reason was, that instead of
it making the poor man independent, as it professed to
do, it really made him dependent, for it required super-
intendence and management, all of which took away
from the poor man's independence. As to his own al-
lotments, the case was this—there was a large strip of
land by the side of the turnpike-road, which was taken
in for him by Captain Bradstock, the surveyor of the
roads. Captain Bradstock let it out in allotments, and
chiefly to workmen employed on the roads.—(A voice—
" Yes, but who receives the rents ?") If they would let
him finish he would tell them. The rents were paid, and
he (Lord Radnor) received them.—(Laughter.) A gen-
tleman in the neighbourhood disputed his right to the
land, and the rents (as We understood) were therefore
for a time not paid to him., But as soon as the question
was settled, which was next year, he reduced the rents
25 per cent., and notice was given that there would be
further reductions, if the tenant managed the land well.
The Noble Earl then repeated his previous objections to
the allotment system. It was either merely a means of
eking out the wages of labourers, or it afforded a temp-
tation to greedy landlords--(Hear, hear)—to drive hard
bargains, and get more than the real value of the land.
That was the case in Ireland.
A VOICE.—Let us have the land at the same rate as
the monopolising farmers.
The Earl of RADNOR—Who is to fix the price ? If
a man is willing to give eightpence a lug, of course I
shall take it.—(A labourer—" Yes, but you won't benefit
the poor, my Lord.") If I could get eightpence a lug
and I let it to you for fivepence, of course I should be
making you a present of the difference.—(A voice—
" The poor don't want the land cheaper than anyboly
else.")
Mr. PHIPPS—Lord Radnor was born a nobleman and
bred a nobleman, how can he know what the feelings of
the poor are ?—(Hear, hear.) What the Noble Chair-
man said might be all very well, but how could the poor
man help giving the high rent ? He could not move his
family to another parish, as he might pigs to another
market.—(Cheers.)
Mr. LAWRENCE (a shoemaker, who was saluted as
the "village lawyer") here came forward, and declared
he had been a tenant of Lord Radnor at eightpence a
lug. He was also bound to clear the ditch. If a man
kept his allotment drained and paid his rent, ought he to
be turned out because another man was ready to give
more rent, after the place had been worked upon !
Cheers.) No, let them keep the land they had dug.—
(Loud cheers.). If the Noble Lord let his land at 2/ an
acre, which would be IL more than it was worth, and

gave the second IL as a premium to labour, then he (Mr.
Lawrence) would be glad to meet him, and hail him as a
friend to the poor.—(Hear, hear.) Lord Radnor told
them that if one man would not give the price another
would. He held that to be an abominable doctrine to be
broached in a Christian country.—(Cheers.) Was this
the way to mend the condition of the poor man ? Let
him have the land :at a fair rent.—(Cheers.) If the
Noble Lord let allotments, he should give them at a rent
the poor man could pay, and not at such extortionate
and extravagant rents as were paid to the Noble
Chairman.

CANDY, the man who had spoken before, again ad-
dressed the meeting. Since 1688 there had been no less
than 3,900 Inclosure Acts, to swell the parks, lawns, and
shrubberies of the landlords.—(A voice—" Yes; that's
a home truth.") And then, when the poor came and
a4ked for a scheme of home colonization, wbiel4 would
reduce ft-amount brilirgerritia -thin the gaols and
,poor-law the veere.l;nld'ily Lord Radnor tlint
he would.not agree to it, because- it made the poor de=
pendent. , They had aright as Englishinen_to ask for
it, • England was the 'land of their fathers,' and they
ought to be able to enjoy it,' by paying the 'full value
for it.—(Cheers.)

The Earl of RADNOR then put the resolutions, but
there were not more than one or two hands held up.
One labourer in the crowd cried out that they wanted
allotments at 11. an acre, and not free trade. The feel-

ing of the meeting was so evidently in favour of allot-
ments, and against the Chairman, that it seemed pro-
bable that the resolutions would not be carried.

Mr. EDRIDGE came forward, and made a speech in
favour of the allotment system, which put the people
into better humour.
Mr. CROOME then took the resolutions from Lord Rad-
nor, and spoke for a short time in favour of the allot-

ment system, but saying that it had no immediate con-

nectioxi with the object of the meeting.
The Earl of RADNOR then again put the resolutions,
which, after a little hesitation, were carried by a few
hands (some 20 or 30 in favour, to two or three against);
but while they were being put, one or two labourers
called out to Lord Radnor to give them allotments at a
fair rent.

Thanks were then formally Toted to the Chair, and
the meeting separated.

ST. CLEMENT DANES.-HOLEORN ESTATE.-Thurs-
day a public vestry of the inhabitant rate-payers of St.
Clement Danes was held, in pursuance of an order of the
Court of Chancery, to nominate eight trustees and
twenty-four managers of the Holborn estate, to be sub-
mitted to the said court for its approbation. The Rector
presided. Mr. Steele read the opinion of Mr. Sergeant
Talfourd respecting the qualification of candidates for
those offices, from which it appeared that, if they pos-
sessed real property of the yearly value of 30/., or were
rated to the relief of the poor on a rental of 501, and re-
tained in a house in the parish apartments for themselves,
in which they occasionally slept, that they were quali-
fied. Messrs. Dowling, Boobyer, Trout, Gannon, Stokes,
and other gentlemen having expressed opinions pro et con,
upon the propriety of the two offices being filled by the
same person, it was almost unamiously decided in the
negative. After which the nomination took place, which
included Messrs. Paul, jun., banker,Twining, jun., banker,
Trout, Boobyer, Chapman, Ommaney, Wood, Collier,
Waugh, Abbot, Dowling, &c. According to the
Master's report, the annnal income of the Holborn estate
amounts to :3,957/ 10s., and there is also, to the credit of
the estate ')1,1131. Os. 2(1. stink in Bank Three per Cent. i
Annuities. This e.:tate is for charitable purposes.

THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN NEW BRUNSWICK AND
CANADA.—We learn with much surprise that the Ca-
nadian Government are claiming all the upper part of
St. John as part of Lower Canada, and that the claim is
even extended as far down as the grand falls. This
would be depriving New Brunswick of a large portion
of country,
which has always been looked upon as an in-
, tegral part of this province, the dismemberment of which
would give very great dissatisfaction. It is said that
this claim is so strongly and pertinaciously
urge(l
by the
p
Canadians, that the Executive of this province has been
under the necessity of issuing orders for seizing all tim-
ber cut on the Upper St. John under Canadian permits,
in order to bring the important question at once to issue.
However severely this may affect individuals, still it i
measure which the interests
of the province imp erativelya
demand, and we trust that our Executive will
may yield
nothing in this matter whichcompromise the just
rights of New Brunswick.—New Brut 1 '
Sept. 29. tut tc i (Ter,

_ ARLIAMENTAR -
There has just issued from the‘admirabret
the Messrs. Clowes and Sons, an tal
edition of the Parliamentary ,FolibLffititlidi
Report of the Commissioners for Inquiring info the
State of Large Towns and Populous Districts, Vol. I."
This is a document fraught with information upon the
statistics which it is most essential for the well order-
ing of society to have diligently collected, carefully
compiled, accurately classified, and conveniently di
gested and arranged. In endeavouring to give our
readers an adequate notion of the importance of the
volume before us, we cannot do better than follow the
classification which its contents have assumed. Let
us premise that the Report most fortunately exceeds
in its scope the terms of her Majesty's instructions to
the Commissioners; for, whereas these required them
to direct their attention to " the causes of disease
among the inhabitants of large towns and populous
districts in England and Wales • the best means of
la:iiothnsrensopewctintfoort;
force,
promoting and securing the public health under the
drainage of lands, the erection, drainage, and venti-
aoapderatthieonuosafgtehae
lation of buildings, and the supply of water in such
towns and districts, whether for purposes of health,
noww s par en vda irl
ienggu,
or for the better protection of property from fire; and
how far the public health and the condition of the
poorer classes of the people of this realm may be pro-
moted by the amendment of such laws, regulations,
and usages;" the Commissioners have also taken-evi-
dence not less interesting to humanity—namely, as to
the moral evils attaching to some of the conditions of
poverty in which a vast portion of our more unfortu-
nate fellow-countrymen, their wives, and families, are
plunged. The "Report" itself is followed by sixty-
two detailed questions framed by the Commissioners,
and issued to various localities for answers ; by an
"Abstract" of the replies to them, and a table of
mortality. The " Analytical Contents" range under
these heads :—" On the Causes of Disease, and vary-
ing, intensity of their operation in different districts ; '
" Nuisances ,;" " Regulations for Buildings;" "Sewer-
age and Drainage;" " State of the Authorities for
the administration of Local Measures of Improve-
ment;" " Supply of Water ;" and " Ventiliation."
The nine plates which illustrate this edition of the
Report and Evidence are thus entitled-1. Stream
of Life in Preston—Gentry, Tradesmen, Operatives.
2. Ditto, showing the Periodic Diminution of Vi-
tality. 3. Bird's-eye View of a Group of Cottages
at Preston. 4. Ground-plan of these Cottages. 5.
View of First Water-lane, York. 6. Diagram,
showing the rates of Mortality in different wards at
Nottingham. 7. Sketches of Districts in Notting-
ham, showing the back to back houses. 8 and 9.
Ditto, ditto. 10. Plan of the Borough of Notting-
ham, showing the Commons and Commonable Lands.
On the subjects to which these plates relate we
shall have much to remark hereafter. The evidence
applying to them is one overwhelming revelation of the
actual filth in which the wretched denizens of the
localities in question habitually live, and the in-
conceivably polluted atmospheres in which the vital
functions can, for periods that must astonish the least
reflecting inquirer, subsist and operate.
Under the first head of "Analytical Contents" we
find the intelligent and striking evidence of Dr.
Southwood Smith, M.D., Physician of the London
Fever hospital, &c., on the causes of disease, and the
necessity for sanatory regulations ; J. N. Ward, Esq.,
on the influence of light and air as a means of pre-
venting diseases; D. Neil Arnott, M.D., on evils
arising from want of drainage, ventilation, and clean-
liness ; J. Toynbee, Esq., Surgeon to St. George's
and St. James's Dispensaries ; Doctors W. A. Guy,
C. J. Aldis, R. Rigby, W. H. Duncan, and T. Lay-
cock. These gentlemen depose to the prevalence of
scrofulous diseases and their causes; the influence of
employments upon health ; the physical causes of the
high rate of mortality in Liverpool, &c. J. Liddle,
Esq., the Rev. Mr. Clay, S. Holme, and T. Hawkesley,
Esqs., give very valuable information on all these, and
on other sanatory questions.
The evidence taken to " the Causes of Disease and
varying intensity of their operation in various dis-
tricts,' treats of the condition of the poorer classes in
the inferior districts of the metropolis, with reference
to the state of the drainage, the neglect of cleansing,
the deficient supply of water, and other usual causes
of disease prevalent in towns. We have statements
of the ages and sexes of parents attacked with fever,
showing its ravages among adults, and especially
females ; also, the general depression of the moral
and physical powers of the inhabitants of ill-con-
ditioned districts. Other passages illustrate the risk
'Of infectious disorders, thu3 generated among the
poor, extending, to the 'Mai-lots of the wealthy.
Instances are given of fever occurring in the imme-
diate vicinity of gully-holes. An essential feature of
the volume consists in the demonstration it affords of
the physical and moral evils resulting from the over-
crowding of houses; and of the injurious (physical)
effects arising from deficient ventilation in dwellings,
workshops, and schools. The beneficial results of a
due supply of light are well contrasted therewith.
Then we have estimates of the comparative mortality
during periods of prosperity and distress ; an inquiry
into the proportion of sickness that is capable of re-
moval ; examination of the causes to which scrofulous
affections are chiefly attributable ; of the influence of
employments upon health; the proportion of con-
sumptions among males and females; the number of
lives which in every year might be saved by the
adoption of precautionary measures. It is admitted
that the demolition of houses for the formation of
new thoroughfares has not invariably proved bene-
ficial, and that some of the assigned causes of mor-
tality are inseparable from various conditions of
poverty. Reasons are given for the necessary excess
of mortality in towns over that 'of rural districts, and
especially for the high rate of mortality in the town
of Liverpool; and moreover, for the deleterious in-
fluences produced by the condition of their dwellings,
on the working classes of both Liverpool and Man-
chester. There are some melancholy facts alleged to
account for the alteration in the condition of the po-
pulation of Preston during the last century. In
hereafter selecting extracts from the evidence, we
shall especially recur to this point.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)

THE OXFORD-STREET WOOD PAVlNG.—Thurs-
day, in consequence of the peremptory notice served
on the Metropolitan Wood Paving Company, by the
Marylehone Vestry, calling upon them, in accordance
with the terms of their contract, to put in immediate
repair that portion of the wood paving in Oxford-
street, between Well-street and Bathbone-place, the
roadway between Well-street and Berners-stn et was
stopped up, and workmen were employed in removing,
the wood paving. On being turned up, the under sur-
face appeared in a very decomposed and blackened con-,,•
dition, and, in many instances, the hlcicks were so rotten
that, instead of being taken up in flakes as they were
laid down, they were thrown up in heaps in the centre
of the road. The Vestry have not yet commenced the
removal of Stead's . paring, opposite the Boar and
Castle, which has been already condemned by the parish
Surveyor, and Paving Committee ; but it is understood
that its removal will take place in the course of a few
days, and that granite will be substituted.
THE MAILS.—SOUTHAMPTON, OCT. 17.—The
Royal West India Mail-packet The Tweed, Captain
Parsons, left her moorings at three o'clock, r.m., on her
outward voyage for Madeira, St. Thomas's, &c., taking
out the mails for the West India Islands, which were un-
usually large. The Tweed has 115 passengers ; no
freight, except three boxes of specie. The Tenet is ex-
pected here on Sunday from the West Indies with the
inward mails. The Pacha, Captain Burnie, left the docks
at four o'clock, r.sr., with the Gibraltar and Peninsula
mails, and twenty-six passengers and a small cargo. The
Braganza, which has been lengthened thirty feet, and
fitted out with new engines, is fast getting ready fur sea,
and is expected to proceed to Constantinople on the 25th,
vice Royal Tar.
EXTRAORDINARY FRACAS IN THE COURT OF BANK-
RUPTCY.—John Rudden, of Chatham, came before Mr.
Commissioner Evans on Wednesday for his interim order,
which was opposed on the ground that he had fraudu-
lently made away with his property, and remained up-
wards of six months in the Queen's Bench prison, but
obtained his liberation by petitioning that Court. It
was proved that his debts were more than 3001., and that
he was a trader at the time. Mr. Commissioner Evans
said he had no jurisdiction in the case, and dismissed the
petition. The solicitor said that the insolvent mustgo back
to prison. A scene of indescribable aproarnow took place;
the insolvent, surrounded by several of his friends, i_n-
sisted that the Commissioner had discharged him,lxiscn_dtoar
regular fight ensued between the parties. Thesoadviiee,
ran into the Court to ask for the Commissioner'sa_
Ned in whilst Mr. Hodgson, the house registrar,
them instructions to
seve-
ral of the City police, and gavo
them is si inosnoel
clear the avenues of the Court..of
r
Evans said, under the 6th section of
judgment ; but, as
vent could be again arrested upon Mr.the Act,Com
the Court could not assist him.
the necessary ivarrals!
etiit escaped, amidst the shouts of
the solicitor was unprepared
t with a Sheriff's officer, or
Eventually
' when he can. The police hadmost embarassing
a
his party, leati.,einginst°he unlucky attorney to catch him
again
ifthey didthey
would registrar urging them. to clear the Court, and
the solicitor's party threatening thatso,
Ivouhl aid the escape of the insolvent.

CADVERTISEIVENT.i-A POOR MAN'S LIFE SAVED
Iloi.LowAY's Pit.t,s.—Jeremiah Laughlin, a porter
about the quays of Dublin, was afflicted for years with
shortness of breath, spitting of phlegm, night perspira-
tions, and guneral weakness of body, a want of appetite,
sick head-ache, besides suffering much from the liver.
This man was in the second stage of consumption, and
not expected to live three months, when he commenced
the use of Holloway's wonderful Pills, and by their
means alone he is now as strong, as hale, and as. well as
ever he was in his life. Sold (also Holloway's Ointment)
at the Establishment of Professor Holloway, 244, Strand
(where advice may be had gratis), and by almost.. all
respectable vendors of medicine throughout the civilised
world.

THE WOES OF WEALTH.—Miss Burdett Coutts has
we hear, taken one of the houses in Lansdowne-place,
Clifton. This lady has been so much importuned for
charity in other places, that her doors have been beset
by needy or designing persons ; and when she takes an
airing she is unable to avoid the importunate supplicants.
We hope no such annoyance will be practised in this
neig h bourh ood.—Br is Gazette.