The Sun.
London, England, 1844-12-12 00:00:00

a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.
ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Neon, and Night, thereby insuring

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
The PROTEOSCOPE, a new apparatus for exhibiting
OPAQUE OBJECTS in Nature and Art, showing continued novelties.
The PHYSTOCOPE, HYDRO-ELECTRIC MACHINE, DIVING-
BELL and DIVER, DISSOLVING VIEWS, &c., Ice. Dr. RYAN'S
LECTURE daily, and in the Evenings of Monday, Wednesday,
and Fridays. Professor BACHHOFFNEE'S varied Lectures abound
in Interesting, experiments.
AdilitiSSien, Is.; Schools, Half-price.
A New Edition of the CATALOGUE, containing Three Hundred
additional Works of Art, &c., since the last revisal, is just published
price Is.

GENERAL TOM THU MB.
The AMERICAN MAN in MINIATURE will return
to London and hold his PUBLIC LEVEES at the Gallery, in
Suffblk-street, Pall-mall, commencing Monday, December 23, and
continuing through the holidays, after which he leaves for the
Continent. The General has been visiting the principal towns in
England, Scotland, and Ireland, and has met with unprecedented
success. ipthilst in Edinburgh the General was presented with a
beautiful Highland dress, of the Royal Stuart Tartan, manufac.
tured by Messrs. Meyers and Mortimer, in which he will appear
at each exhibition, in addition to his Citizen, Napoleon, and Court
dress. Hours of Exhibition from Eleven to One, Three to Five,
and from Seven to Nine. Doors open half an hour previous.
Admission (regardless of age), One Shilling. The General's new
and elegant carriage, drawn by two of the smallest ponies in the
country, with coachman and footman in splendid liveries, will pass
through the principal streets daily.
N.B. Visitors will find the Suffolk street Gallery far superior to
the rooms formerly occupied by the General at the Egyptian Hall,
access easy, and the rooms well warmed and beautifully lighted
with gas.

AS A T E A.—An Establishment has been
formed for the Importation and Sale of " Asam.grown Tea."
Asam (or Assam) is regarded with a considerable degree of in.
terest on account of a highly flavoured species of Tea growing
in this important province of India, and possessing suck strength
that when steeped one pound yields, at a moderate computation, at
the rate of two pounds of the Chinese leaf.
This Tea is furnishe4 in an original and pure state at the Head.
office, 11, Crooked-lane, King Wiiiiinustreet, City. One Agent

is required for most large towns and cities.
The Establishment's sole authorised Agent (at present) far the
Wcat-end, J. G. WATSON, confectioner, 11, Upper Seymour.
street, Portman-square.

LEGAL and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE
OFFICE, No. 10, FLEET-STREET, LONDON.
December 10, 1844.

Notice is hereby given, that the Transfer-books of this Society
will BE CLOSED from the 31st day of December instant, to the
31st day of January, 1845.
By order of the Board,
T. R. EDMONDS, Actuary.

SCOTTISH (WIDOWS' FUND) LIFE AS-
SURANCE.
Capital accumulated and invested upwards of 1,450,0001.; annual

revenue upwards of 220,0001.

The amount of capital sums insured since the commencement
of the Society is nearly 6,500,0001. sterling.
The next periodical investigation takes place on December 31,
1845.
ASSURANCES COMPLETED BEFORE THE BOOKS ARE
CLOSED for the CURRENT YEAR have the IMPORTANT
ADVANTAGE of A FULL YEAR'S STANDING over those
delayed till after that period.
The Directors aro now empowered to grant assurances for fixed
sums, without any claim on the part of those in right of the
policies to participate in the surplus fund or profit of the Society.
Forms of proposals and every necessary information may be ob-
tained at the head office, Edinburgh, 5, St. Andrew-square; or at
any of the Society's agencies.— October, 1844.
JOHN MACKENZIE, Manager.

OFFICE IN LONDON, 7, PALL-MALL.
HUGH INPKEATP, Agent.

PUBLICATIONS.

MR. DICKENS'S NENY CHRISTMAS BOOK.
On the 16th inst., in foolscap Bvo., price ss.
THE CHIMES : a GOWAN STORY of some
Bells that Rang an Old Year Out and a New Year in.
By CHARLES DICKENS.
The Illustrations by Daniel Maclise, R.A. ; Clarkson Stanfield,
R.A. ; John Leech ; and Richard Doyle.
London : Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

LONDON ELOCUTION SOCIETY.—OPENING OF TILE RICH-
MOND MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.
THE INSTITUTE, of SATURDAY NEXT, De-
cember 14, will report the proceedings of the above Assocla-
How, and renewal of the Metropolitan and Provincial Institutions.
It will also strenuously advocate an ABRIDGMENT of the HOURS
of BUSINESS, which so intimately concerns the welfare of Literary
and Scientilc Institutions. Price 3d., stamped 4d.
Advertisements and Communications for the Editor to be ad-
dressed to the Office, 59, Fleet-street, London.

CHEAP EDITION.
This day is published, price Half-a-Crown,
LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF SCOTTISH
LIFE. Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 3s. Gd. ;in
morocco, elegant, Gs. 6d.
" What child will not hang over the Tales of the Covenanters, in
Lights and Shadows of Scottish Life ?
"We have already said a word or two on this delightful volume.
The work of one of the highest and most amiable of contemporary
minds—a genius which shines with equal felicity in the tender and
the humorous."—Quarterly Review.
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.

PROFESSOR 'JOHNSTON'S WORKS.
I.
LECTURES on AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY and GEO-
LOGY. With an Appendix, containing Suggestions for Experiments
in Practical Agriculture.

ELEMENTS of AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY and GEOLOGY.
The Fourth Edition, greatly enlarged, price ss.

_
lIL
A CATECHISM of AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY and GEO-
LOGY. Seventh Edition, pries 10d.
The Publishers make a deduction when a quantity is taken for
....'_..""'"`Schools; or for Distribution.
Willam Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.

Recently published, in 3 large vols. royal Bvo., pricu 41. 10s.,
THE BOOK of the FARM;
Being a Systematic Work on Practical Agriculture, do ailing
the Labours of the Fanner, Farm-s`eward Ploughman, Shepherd,
Hedger, Cattle-man, Field-worker, and Dairymaid.
By HENRY STEPHEN'S, F.R.3.E.
Illustrated with Portraits of Animals painted from the Life ; and
upwards of 600 Woodcuts and Seventy Plates of Agricultural Imple-
ments, so particularised as to enable country mechanics to construct
them from the descriptions.
" The best practical book I have ever met with."
son, of Durham.
" We have thoroughly examined these volumes, but to give a full
notice of their varied and valuable contents would occupy a longer
space than we can conveniently devote to their discussion ; we there-
fore in general terms commend them to the careful study of every
young man who wishes to become a good practical fanner."—Times,
Dec. 2, 1844.
Win. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, and 22, Pall-mall. London.

'—Professor John-

MARY HOWITT'S NEW JUVENILE WORK.
In a handsome pocket volume, price 2s. Gd. bound and gilt,
THE TWO APPRENTICES; a Tale, forming
part of a Series (to be completed in thirteen volumes) of Tales
of the People and their Children. Each volume sold separately at
2s. Gd. bound, viz.:-1. Strive and Thrive-2. Hope on Hope ever-3.
Sowing and Reaping-4. Alice Franklin-5. Who shall be Greatest
—6. Which is the Wiser-7. Little Coin much Care—S. Work and
Wages-9. No Sense like Common Sense-10. Love and Money-11.
My Uncle the Clockmaker-12. The Two Apprentices—and 13. My
Own Story.
London : Printed for Thomas Tegg, 73, Chespside ; Bowdery and
Kirby. Oxford-street; Cundell, New Bond-street; and all other
Booksellers.

station-house, and detained until he procured bail to
appear to answer the charge, when he was allowed to
depart, apparently without having suffered any injury
through the occurrence. In the course of Tuesday
morning Inspector Penny, G, intimated to Mr. Combe
that Mr. Sewell had not appeared to answer the
charge pursuant to the recognisance, and the charge
was delayed until inquiries were made, and to give
his bail an opportunity to produce Mr. Sewell. In
the course of the day Inspector Penny stated to Mr.
Combe that the officer who brought Mr. Sewell in
charge to the station-house had been to his residence
at Dalston, and on inquiry he discovered that Mr.
Sewell returned home in a cab, and shortly afterwards
retired to rest, and on Tuesday morning, about six
o'clock, he was discovered dead in his bed. Medical
aid was resorted to without effect. Mr. Granger, the
proprieter of the cab, the driver, and some other wit-
nesses, were present to give their evidence, but Mr.
Combe said he must leave the case in the hands of the
police until a coroner's inquest was held upon the
body. The deceased was about forty years of age,
and has left a family.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
GLOBE.—Tha Post—though utterly disapproving of
tha object sought to be effected—is " glad to find that
the farmers of England are preparing to bestir them-
selves against the malt-tax." We showed yesterday that
the " farmers of England" know better than to make any
stir for such an object. In fact, they refuse to move in
the matter ; and that for reasons which are no less

cogent than they are convincing to the said " farmers
of England." Indeed, our Contemporary, in a sub-
sequent part of the same article, limits the phrase,
the " farmers of England," to the " agricultural
gentlemen"—that is, the landlords, as contradistin-
guished from those who cultivate the land. These
" agricultural gentlemen" are apprehensive that the
present rents cannot be maintained under the new state
of things which the Conservative Government they
invested with power has managed to bring about.
The tenant-farmers are complaining ; and, we believe,
not without cause. The landowners are endeavour-.
ing, with their usual sensibility of personal inte-
rest, to work this feeling for their own advantage.
They see—or think they see—an opportunity for se-
curing :the " surplus revenue" to themselves. The re-
peal of the malt-tax would be neither more nor less than
a positive donation by the Government to the landlords
of nearly five millions from the revenue of the country.
The history of the malt-tax, and the conduct of the
landed interest with respect to it, will assist to an un-
derstanding of the movement which is now sought to
be got up for its removal. The present amount of
malt duty is but a remnant of that which existed in
1815. At that period the malt duty, including the
tax on beer, amounted to about 565. or 58s. perquar-

. -
:er. No sooner was peace restored, and produce began
.o feel the effects of peace prices, than the agricultural
...

interest in the House of Commons obtained a diminu-

tion of the malt duty to the extent of 16s. per Winchester
quarter. The agricultural-distress-year of 1822 was

taken advantage of for the purpose of-getting another re-
duction from the malt-tax ; and what was called " the

annual duty" was given up. Next followed the repeal of
the beer duty—equivalent to 12s. on the quarter of malt.
The aggregate of these reductions—obtained from the
Governments by whom they were relinquished through the
influence exercised upon them by the landowners—
amounted to seven millions of annual revenue. Their ob-

ject was to keep up rents, by maintaining war-prices in a
time of peace ; find to a very considerable extent they
succeeded in effecting their object. A combination of
new and concurrent circumstances—principally caused

by the insane and cruel policy of what is falsely called
"agricultural protection "—threatens the farmers with
another visitation of " agricultural distress." The land-
lords are on the qui vice. Repeal of the remaining
portion of the malt-tax is the panacea which is to re-
move the distress, and avert t!e pending calamity—from
themselves ! The trifling relief which the removal of
the malt-tax would afford to the labouring classes will

at once be seen, if the amount of duty upon the
quantity of malt required for the production of
thirty-six gallons of porter—the favourite beverage of
the labouring classes—is computed. The amount of
duty upon the quantity of malt required for producing
that quantity of porter is 6s. ; being 2d. per gallon, or
as nearly as can be estimated, one-third of a penny
upon the pot. The price of the pot of porter would
therefore be retailed at 341.—0ne farthing less than at
present. And this is the reduction which the Post's
" agricultural gentlemen" advocate, on the pretext
that it would enable the labourers to procure beer

who cannot now obtain bread. The u.bssurdity of the

plea is too manifest to impose on any understanding
which is not previously prepared to yield to the delu-
sion, as an excuse for embarking iu a project which
is meant to subserve the landlord's interest at the

introduce into the Church novelties of doctrine and of
ritual by which they hoped to make for themselves a
name. How were the Bishops or the Universities
to deal with these persons, when they saw the
tares flung among the wheat? They might say at
the hebdomadal board at Oxford, how many Bishops
in their charges did say, "An enemy has done this
thing." But the reluctance which all good men feel to
awaken the sleeping lions of the penal law—the spirit of
the parable referred to compelled them to wait until the
wickedness or folly of the new heresy was fully de-
veloped ; besides that a precipitate course would
risk the danger of presenting as martyrs those who were
simply criminals. The forbearance thus manifested, though
wise and just, and the effect indeed of the prosperity of
the Church, has been, we admit, attended by this incon-
venience, that it has given occasion to doubts and
scruples in the minds of some good men, which, though
relating to matters in themselves indifferent, seem
to throw these good men, in some respects, into
the hands of the heretics. Poison is rarely adminis-
tered save in combination with something palatable,
or at the least indifferent, and the false doctrines of
Tractarians were, in the usual course of these things,
mixed up with an abundance of professed veneration for
obsolete ritual observances. Some of these obsolete ob-
servances, however, unfortunately appeared obligatory on
conscience, and though the real question is between pure
Christianity and Romanising innovation, it has, at
least in appearance, taken the form of a dispute
about surplice preaching or the use of the offertory.
Now while we entirely sympathise with the resolution
of the people not to submit to authority, where the
legal foundations of authority shall seem to be doubtful,
and though we have no doubt that there is no au-
thority whatever to enforce surplice preaching, still
we think that the dispute raised is one which
(if the Bishops who enjoin surplice preaching
unhappily feel bound to persist) can be determined satis-
factorily only by the law. We_ say again, that we have
no doubt how the law will determine it. In order, then,
that the wound to the Church be promptly probed, let the
question be at once referred to a legal issue, and, if ne-
cessary, prosecuted to the court of last resort, the
Privy Council. Let some clergyman of the diocese of
Exeter, for example, use his accustomed habit in preach-
ing; if he do so unmolested, the question is set at rest
in that diocese, atid the people well know that all who
abandon the former usage do so, not from a necessity of
canonical obedience, but from a bias towards the
Romanising heresy ; if, on the other hand, an at-
tempt be made to punish the clergyman who adheres to
the usage of two centuries, the people will support him
in his successive appeals, up to the appeal to the Privy
Council. This is the course which to us seems to be in
all respects the best, and, if unhappily rendered neces-
sary, it is the course which we hope to see pursued.

THE ANTI-CORN-LAW LEAGUE,

This neighbourhood was aroused by the intelligence of
the above murder (recorded in The Son of Monday),
and on the constables proceeding to the spot they found
the body lying on its back, at the top of a short hill, with
the hat drawn over its face, and two small pools of biood,
which had issued from a bullet wound two inches behind
the right ear, the ball being afterwards discovered, on
post mortent examination, to have penetrated the brain, and
to have flattened against the skull, where it lodged on
the opposite side. His waistcoat had been torn open with
such violence as to break several buttons, and ail his cash
had been abstracted from the money pocket ; his watch and
several articles in other pockets were untouched. From all
appearances it was evident that the fiend-like assassin had
fired the fatal shot while walking up the ascent of the road,
at the side of his unsuspecting victim, who must have fallen
forward on his right knee and forehead, and have been turned
over on his back by the murderer, for the purpose of plunder.
Messengers were immediately forwarded to Brecon. On
the intelligence reaching Mr. D. Rosser, landlord of the
Bridgent Inn, where the deceased (whose name was David
Lewis) had been in the habit of putting up, the suspicion
flashed across his mind that the deed had been done by a
man named Thomas Thomas, of Llansowel, Carmarthen-
shire, who had called at his house in a drab mackintosh, and
had inquired for butter carts going to the vicinity of his
home, About two hours before Lewis and his boy started.
iie accordingly caused a letter to be sent per mail to a re-
spectable innkeeper in the neighbourhood of Llansowel, who
immediately forwarded descriptions to the rural police of the
county, leveral of whom wet: stationed near.
In the meantime inquiries been made by the Brecon
police, which strengthened the suspicion, and Mr. Super-
antendent Stephens, accompanied br the late superin-
tendent, who knew Thomas from havio.g had him in custody
on a previous occasion, started off -to,. Cirmarthenshire,
while printed descriptions were forwarded to all the adjacent
districts and seaports. Having been detained making in-
quiries on the way, the Brecon police did not reach Llan-
sowel until after one o'clock on Sunday morning, when
they found Thomas in the custody of the rural police.
who had taken him under the following circum-
stances .—Acting on the information they had received.
they had proceeded to his father's house, and found that
he had reached home at half-past eleven o'clock ; they also
ascertained that he had been seen in the village, and
deeming it likely that he would come home at night, the
superintendent stationed his men on the look-out, lying
in wait himself with one of his men- in a lane near his
father's house. Soon after eight o'clock they heard him
coming down the lane, and passing one on each side of
him, collared him at once. Being a very powerful young
man, he succeeded in throwing them both down, and
after a severe struggle on the ground, they were compelled
to draw their cutlasses before he would surrender. During
the struggle use dropped a brace of pocket-pistols, which,
fortunately, were not loaded, and in his pocket were
found twelve bullets, caps, and some powder. Having
been surrendered to the Brecon police, he was brought
on Sunday to the station-house in that towns
and on Monday was taken to an adjourned in-
quest held before Thomas Batt, Esq., at the Camden
Arms, Trecastle. From the evidence here adduced, it ap-
peared that he had nine days previously bought the pistols
at an ironmonger's shop in Brecon, and that on Friday night
lie rode in a farmer's waggon a short way out of town until
overtaken by Lewis and his cart, when he made the bargain
for conveyance to Trecastle. The boy who had charge or
the waggon, and Mr. Lewis's little boy, swore most positively
to his identity; and such a chain of circumstantial evidence
was made apparent, that the jury without hesitation re-
turned a verdict of " Wilful Murder against Thos. Thomas,"
who was therefore removed to the county goal, to take hie
trial at the March assizes.

His appearance WAS more that of the careless, cheerful,
country boy than that of a designing boy; and he kept his
composure to the last, maintaining that the two boys were
mistaken as to his identity.

THE LATE RAILWAY ACCIDENT

NEAR. NOTTINGHAM.

INQUEST ON MR. JAMES BOLESTRIDGE.

Norrukaisaki, Dac. 11.—Shortly after six o'clock, last
night, Mr. Browne, coroner, and a very respectable jury,
assembled at the house of the deceased, for the purpose of
inquiring into the cause of his death.
The CORONER addressed the jury at some length. He be-
sought them to cast from their minds any impressions that
the verdicts in the other two investigations mighthave given •
rise to, and trusted they would arrive at such a conclusion as
the evidence which might be brought before them wouldjus.
tify. He considered it would be totally unnecessary to go,
.7
over the whole of the ground again ; and as he was mist
anxious that the present inquiry should terminate'hefore the •
assizes, which take place on Saturday next, he would pro-
pose to them what he thought the best mode of facilitating
the business—namely, to produce before them the several
witnesses, read over to each his depositions as given on the '
former occasion, the jury, at the same time, reserving the
right of putting any further questions which might suggest
themselves to their minds. This would answer all legal
purposes, and save a great deal of time. Should the jury
not agree to this, it was impossible that their labours could,
terminate this week, for in the case of Mr. Deane, he (the
Coroner) took down no less than 148 closely-written page%
of evidence ; and to go through the same task again would
be the work of four days. He repeated, that it was highly
necessary, on Mr. Lightfoot's account, that this investigation
should close before the assizes, as that gentleman would
then be arraigned for the crime of manslaughter.
The jury unanimously expressed themselves perfectly ca.
tisfied with the Coroner's proposition, and thought with tun,
that it was necessary they should conclude their labours be-
fore Mr. Lightfoot took his trial.
The Coroner and jury then proceeded to an adjoining room
for the purpose of viewing the body. The deceased did not
present any remarkable appearance.
It was ultimately decided by the jury, on a show of hands,
that they should meet at three o'clock this afternoon, and,
if necessity required it, continue their deliberations each day
to a late hour.
As a matter of form, a witness was called who knew the
deceased, and was present at his death.
The jury then adjourned, shortly after seven o'clock, till
this day.

ADVERTISEMENT.—An astonishing cure of an in-
ward cancer in the lower part of the stomach.—Mrs.
Quinn, residing at No. 4, Back-lane, St. George's-in.
the7East, had been in three hospitals for about eighteen.
months, and was discharged from them as incurable.
She was in this state when the ointment was rubbed in
all over the regions of the diseased parts, as salt is forced
into meat, which effected a cure as speedily as though the
inward part had been palpable to the eye. Any internal
sores, tumours, aches, or pains may be cured in the like
manner. Sold at Professor Holloway's establishment,
244, Strand (where advice may be had gratis), and by
almost all respectable vendors of medicine throughout.
the civilised world.

COLOSSAL HORSE.—A very splendid colossal horse,
of 191 hands high, the property of -Mr. Thomas Hebbert, of
llellingdon, bred by Mr. J. Bayes, of Draughton, in North-
amptonshire, is to be seen in the stables adjoining the Prize
Cattle Show. It is a beautiful animal, and combines with
its colossal figure the pure English breed, with perfect
symmetry. The colour is jet black; paces exceedingly good,
and is well worthy the attentietof all interested in stock.