The Sun.
London, England, 1844-07-06 00:00:00

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Be Gun Hay, Esq., 127, I Thomas Stevenson,Esq.,F.S.A.,
Sloane street. 37, Upper Grosvenor-street.
J'
P.rkinsen, Esq., F R.S., 80, Robert Bentley Todd, M.D.,
BoilGarobridge.terrace, Hyde-park. F. H.S.,
di en
rain Phillips, Esq., F.R.S., Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L.,
, VVimpole-street. I Doctors' Commons.

John AUDITORS.
rursord, Esq., 7, York- J. Stirling Taylor, Esq,
3: I terrace, Regent's-park. 14, Upper Gloucester-place,
-1)4 Radford, Esq., 27, I Dorset.square.
arnbridge-terrace, Hyde_ Martial L. Welch, Esq.. Wynd-
Park,
I hana.place Bryanstomsquare.
• STANDING CouNsEL—John Shapter. Esq., Lincoln's Inn.
13kNi(Eas—Messrs. C. Hopkinson and Co., Regent-street.
?„.'aclToris—Messrs. Richardson and Smith, 28, Golden.square.
."IPARTMENT OF MEDICAL STATISTICS--WillialD Farr, Esq.,
General Register Office.

ACTUARY—F. G. P. Nelson, Esq.
b.
ich l'his Office is provided wit very accurately construced tables,
it can assure e
unsounh d lives on equitable terms.t
u *altar tables enable the Society to grant increased annuities on
nioUnd lives, the amount varying with the particular disease.
Members of consumptive fami:ies assured at equitable rates.
Offillealthy lives are assured on lower terns than at most ether
es.
•

The first Life Assurance Society eommenced business in 1785,
'asl.the principles of life contingencies, understood at that time to
"very limited extent only, have repeatedly undergone important
41ges and improvements ; but till the establishment of this So.
riety 1841 no attempt had ever been made to assure the lives of
Persons who suffer from disease.
The
slice science of statistics has only within a recent period been
easfull
hence t Y applied to the duration and mortality of disease, and
tables
on the probability of these results could not have been
for"' ; and it would evidently have been unsafe and hazardous
personnysZieotY to have undertaken the risk of assuring the lives of
f orrnation h in.
assurance
so gloat ed with any particular malady. The statistical
assurance
to such cases, and.
ne'cet• now collected, and in possession of this office,
extern. as fully to warrant the extension of life
nce on diseased in fact, to place the application of life
011 healthy lives. lives on a more secure basis than even that
It is hoped that while kept clearly in view that this Society, in
eitininnurt with other offices, will assure the lives of healthy persons;
isi,sz'u' Yet the only one established to assure the lives of person
sdaee is raing underdirected disease ; and to this latter feature particular atten.
1n the first place field , because it opens a larger eld for business than
all ets
es_v'ar offices can have unitedly; and in the
°wend place, because that branch of assurance must, from its
D'er,sn'lure, be less hazardous, and its principles rest on a more
salient foundation.
hs.
tees —c are two highly important facts, and we shall enter into an
,anation of each ; and first, as to the prevalence of disease.
its."e Period of life most important to an assurance office is that
de-
salt: .13-60 years of age, and in the following remarks we refer
""11' to this period of life.
Yee,..nill be found that the deaths in the metropolis for the two
Year hill
1842 wer, from all causes, 30,518 ; and
.from
nest alPlien alone, 10,688 ; showing that more than one-third of
leetlal deaths in that period of life takes place from tl.:e kneels-
-oith-:If, a single disease ; and if the same inquiry weredi.nsteiteueteedf
th h'esPect to other diseasee, such as asthma, dropsy, diseases
arethaead! heart, &c., it would be found that more than one-halfed
ad Wnole Population would, on medical examination, be refused
the into an assurance office. If the inquiry be carried to
tsaine`;nriPal towns in England, like facts are elicited—in Bir-
Per a'n-arni Liverpool and Manchester, the deaths from all causes,
Ishinutn, are about 5,023, while those from consumption are
4tri" tasf°rMing considerably more than one-third of the whole.. The
Isede,i"mg will be found to hold good in the large towns in Scot-
'ikons'° Ida of which the deaths in a given period, from all causes,
fro,ll-"led to 23,078, those from consumption alone to 6,35. 9, and
theii important diseases, 9,754; in the latter case forming moret
the
ssa Per cent of the deaths from all causes. On reference o
tau 'etltre
e from the city of Glasgow for 1836-1840 It will be 7
trod .112tt the deaths in that period, from all causes, were 14,10. ,
rso ete°,nsuMption 4,087, and a list of flee diseases, 6,423, being
,The an 45 per cent of the deaths from all causes.
threnSlo7eases here allu.'ed to are such as exist in general in a
'" 5 °rEni frequently for many years prior to death, but which,
t 0
Dep st ct
medical examination, would effectually exclude the
llths.ll "
so affected from the benefits of life assurance ; and since
tis.B7,,aPPears that a majority of the population isinocflutdhedts
societyin th'te
resew 'se. value and importance of the new feature
III; 'ad to be justly appreciated. 4lush second point to be explained is the fact
.that there Is
"s"re a 0„-4 risk in assuring diseased lives. is a feature of
"tern, "nt and vital importance to the interests ofThis this society, and
11,._es to he carefully considered.
th.",he real risk incurred in all assurance transactions consists in
6r :nee 10 which an office is liable of experiencing a different
raejis °l' mortality from that expected by the tabjes on which.its
Of ra:ti°4 are founded. This difference is termed the fluctuation
lives trstality, arid will *be found to be much less among diseased
1,111111 over the general population, and among selected lives.
tide deaths from consumption in the metropolis per annum are
from
siTiiy near the annual number which takes place in Glasgow,
katt pad causes, to admit of a comparison, and by reducing the
s latter ia the figures it is found that while the fluctuation per. annum.
ease is as high as 45 per cent., in the former it only
toe; cent., or, in other words, the fluctuation of mortality in
ti,surription Was only one-fifth of the other ; and in Manchester,
saisernsl43l, and Birmingham, even with the disadvantage of
miccei: numbers, the fluctuation does not exceed 3 per cent.,
in "`
"latts,ull a remarkable uniformity in the law which determines the
,tatY or this disease, and that it is more positive and absolute
CO% results than that which regulates the general population.
tletesniPli9ll • has here been selected, not because it was corm-
, Mos
e favourable- in its results, but simply on account of the
onees nurabers affording a more satisfactory proof of the question
numbconsideration ; but the same test has been applied to a great
diteuer of other diseases, and like results obtained. Among nine
disease!in the metropolis, including asthma, dropsy, rheumatism,
141,4: °r the liver, of the heart, of the nervous system, &c., the
distficattl,°o was only 7i per cent., and in live diseases in a different
tq another he flUctuation was about 7 per cent., while among eleven
didntoe
--a•.ty, and even numbes, th fluctuatin
t„tia,ld exceed 6.2
per cent.with ; andsmali ng t taking princie pal towns its
Sheffield Including Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Leeds,
disease.
~".°6*. the fluctuation over eleven of the more important
doeTehea
co'
cent.
uniformity in these results cannot fail to pro.
disease.t? of the positive character of the law of mortality
to
'ange of 'fldeedi there seems to be nothing within the whole
tali._ 0 the doctrine of probabilities so well defined as the mor-
}l4,ic diseased lives. The mortality of the general population
tsin.seq_snen commaen referred to by writers as an example of the cer-
,l4v7n:cre: vents,
but the preceding remarks must show withb
''Pended on. ter certainty the mortality of diseased lives can
. It is perhaps
",4tuation to d' right to state, that, in applying the test of
'4's of lives,has not been confined to one place or
t-
an huult,a,".
d and Scotlanaad been extended to the prindipal towns in
kid, and included the as wl as to many rural districts in Eng-
expeelrience of one or two large societies of
elirct lives. This has afforded an opportunity of judging of the
lifte ts of locality and its sanatory condition en the duration of
s. and a remarkable r
tstat the value of life generally
thus been developed, viz.,
uY districts • than in lar is much greater in the coun.
she go cities; but that of those persons
.11 suffer from disease the value of life is nearly the same. As
si_egarnple of this—theexpectation at the age of 30 in the country
re r i
at;eicts is 36.7 years ; n cities (viz. Glasgow) 27.6 years—cliffe-
c33 per cant. nearly; but take
the case of persons of that
k,it; in whom the consamptive tendency is developed, and who will
and their expect ate in
,'reately die of consumption,
of life in the
17111 n. tles of Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk, will be found to be 14'5,
kicoities (Glasgow) 14'4, and in the metrepolis Manchester, fir-
therllharn, 13'9 ; difference •017 per cent. (or '1.57 per cent.) It
tow-
ner?re appears that while the difference between country_ and
Ins , life in the former case is about 33 per cent., that in the latter
t.;;;lnce (consumption) the difference is almost nothing, and the
Tibet , nearly uniform. The same thing holds good with some
ats diseases, which have been investigated in this manner. This
4:4 although not generally understood, is only what might have
trtivelPected by a careful consideration of the conclusion formerly
its Roadthat the fluctuation of the law of mortality in disease
4,1;a :cewithin a very narrow limit, and consequently little in-
Itsed by external circumstances.
408,nce appears that the fluctuation in the mortality of diseased
fall rs much less than among select lives and the population gene-
lei. and therefore the risk of assuring diseased lives must also be
To
tea, saPPIY this conclusion to the affairs of an assurance eiBce, it
4144 0e stated, that supposing the number of lives in a society,
ireteesOnly select lives, was such that the table of mortality would
airyays 100 deaths per annum it would be necessary to have
the sufficient funds at immediate command to meet 145 deaths;
,other hand, an office assuring only diseased lives need not
risk :I! for more than 109 deaths per annum; that is to say, the
s r aasuring diseased lives is to that of average lives as 9to 45,
tltione•flfth. This fact is highly important to the interests of
es ~S°ciety, and establishes beyond doubt the safety and correctness
.:;ue principles on which it is founded. .14sor further information, reference is made to the prospectuses
t.lo°her published documents of the Society, which may be ob.
" On application at the Society's offices.
r. 9. r, NEISOk/s Actuary.

IDING HABlTS.—Ladies are invited to in-
spect those made by Messrs. NICOLL, Habit-makers to the
Qu.en and most of the Ladies of the Court.
Cards may be had at 114, Regent-street, London.

Messrs. Nicoll offer moderate prices, as a further inducement to a
correct iltting habit,

CITY OF LONDON FASHIONABLE
TAILORING ESTABLISHMENT, 42, King William-street,
London-bridge.
Messrs. BURCH and LUCAS; Tailors, &c., late J. ALBERT, n-
spetcfully invite Gentlemen and Families to view one of the largest
and best assorted Stocks in London, of Superfine Cloths, Cassimeres,
and Waistcoating of the most novel designs, Cachmeretts for Summer
Coats, &c. &c., for the present season. The style of cut and make of
every garment are guaranteed equal to the first and most expensive
houses at the West-end, and for cash payments a saving of 40 per
cent. will be effected, and will be found to the wearer much cheaper
than the inferior garments made up by puffing slop-sellers andhosiers,
at prices to astonish and delude the public, which description of goods
are entirely excluded from this establishment.
52, King William-street, City, Established 1818.
A large assortment of Summer Over-Coats ready made.

SAMUEL WHISHAW MORRIS, at pre-
sent and for twenty-five months past, residing at No. 63,
Carey-street, in the Liberty of the Rolls, and county of Middlesex,
and being a law writer, and during part of the time aforesaid carrying
on business in partnership with James Henry Hall, under the firm
of Hall and Morris, law writers, do hereby give notice that
I intend to present a petition to the Court of Bankruptcy, Basing-
ball-street, London, praying to he examined touching my debts, estate,
and effects, and to be protected from all process, upon making a JIM
disclosure and surrender of such estate and effects for payment of my
just and lawful debts ; and I hereby further give notice that the time
when the matter of the said petition shall be heard is to be advertised
in the London Gazette and in the Morning Sun newspaper one month
at the least after the date hereof ; as witness my hand this 2d
day of July, in the year of our Lord, 1844.
SAMUEL WHISHAW MORRIS.
Witness, It. 11. Atkinson, 27, Carey-street, insolvent's attorney.

JAMES FAITHFULL, at present, and for
I 9 two years past, residing at No. 1, Grove End-road, Saint
John's-wood, in the parish of Saint Marylebone, Middlesex, and being
a gardener, previously for six years residing at No. 4, Coekran-ter,
race, Saint John's. wood aforesaid, and being a gardener, and formerly
for thirteen years residing at No. 15, Elm Tree-road, St. John's-wood
aforesaid, and being a nurseryman, do hereby give notice, that I in-
tend to present a petition to the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-
street, London, praying to be examined touching my debts,
estate, and effects, and to be protected from all process upon
making a full disclosure and surrender of such estate and
effects for payment of my just and lawful debts ; and I
hereby further give notice, that the tine when the matter of the
said petition shall be heard is to be advertised in the London
Cinzette and in the Morning Sun Newspaper one month at the least
after the date hereof; as witness my hand, this 3d day of July, in
the year of our Lord, 1544. JAMES FAITHFULL.
Witness, John Chisholme, 3, Cook's-court, Lincoln's-inn, attorney
for the insolvent.

VALUABLE FREEHOLD ESTA'IES IN CORNWALL.
TO BE SOLD by PRIVATE CONTRACT,
either together or in LOTS, by direction of the Proprietor,
he exceedingly valuable FREEHOLD ESTATES of TRENG—
WAINTON, NANSEGLOS, BOSWEDNAN, BOSWARTHEN,
PULTEGGAN, and HENDRA, situated near Penzance, in the
county of Cornwall, containing about 900 acres, lying very compact
and well together, in the most favoured and fertile part of the county.
There is a capital mansion-house at Trengwainton, encircled by
parklike grounds, with most commodious offices, stabling, &c.; the
whole in substantial repair, and fit for the immediate occupation of
a respectable family. The mansion-house and terrace-walk com-
mand the finest views of Mounts Bay, and the ponds and streams
abound with fish, whilst the covers afford some of the best woodcock
shooting in the county. The warrens abound with rabbits, and
hounds are kept in the immediate neighbourhood.
The conditions of sale may be inspected at the Offices of Messrs.
Goode and Browne, solicitors, Bedford-row, London; and full par-
ticulars of the property may be had of them ; of Messrs. Millet and
Borlase, solicitors, Penzance; and at the principal Inns at Bodmin,
Truro, St. Ives, Falmouth, Plymouth, and Exeter.
Tickets to view the mansion-house and grounds can be obtained on
application to Messrs. Coode and Browne, or Messrs. Millett and
Borlase.

SALES BY AUCTIoto.