The Sun.
London, England, 1821-06-02 00:00:00

FOR THE SUN.

ON THE PAST AND PRESENT CIRCUMSTANCES
OF THIS COUNTRY,

WITH A VIEW TO THE RELIEF OP ACJIICULTURE,

MANUFACTURtS, AND COMN!E:ItCE.

(Continued from our Paper of yeetc.rftay.)
And these facts are the mor-e interesting since
it will appear by the accounts relating to our fo,
reign commerce, and according to the official rates
of value which alone accurately compare quanti-
ties of goods, that the quantit:es of foreign pro-
ductions •imported, 'and of British manufactures
exported, notwithstanding the loss of trade to and
from the conquered Colonies, are greater now
than in 1812. in the year ending the .sth Ja-
nuary as follows :
Elmorts of British Pro- Also the real
Imports. dUce and Manufac- value oldie
tries. exports.
1810, - £33,772,409 - £35,104,132 - £30,242,761
1811, - 31.136,135 - 34 923,b75 - 49,975,634
1812, - 29,333,484 - 24;199,931 - 34;917,281
1818, - 33,90,232 - 41488585 - 43,626,253
1819, - • 40,135,952 - 44,564,044 - 49,90,760
1820, 33,625,744 - 35,634,415 - 37,937,50
Therefore when We hear that the demand for
Birmingham goods has decreased one, third, or of
Leeds one third, we may attribute this decline, to
the diminished internal consumption, not only of
the six millions of persons, supposed to be engaged
in and dependant upon•agrioulture, but of the
persons who formerly enjoyed the profitable and
extensive hiland trade of the country.

Neither have the Bankruptcies of recent years
been many among the merchants trading to fo-
reign Countries; they have been the most nume,
rous, and more so than at any former period,
among the internal traders of every denomina-
tion. And numerous as bankruptcies appear to
have been, it is said there have, among the inter-
nal traders, been three fai:ures compounding with
creditors to one bankinrqcy. For twenty years
preceding 1810 the average bankruptcies were
eleven hundred and eight, according to the Lon-
don Gazette. From 1810 to 1816 inclusive the
average rose to 2600.

It is true that the pronts upon *the goods ex-
ported must be lamentably diminished, as may be
seen, if we'compare how much the red market
price exceeded the official value in 1810 10'1812,
with the very near approach of that price in the
present times to' the old official rates of value.—
Indeed, Cotton Manufactures have of late years
fallen below the old official rates of value. Those
which were exported the year ending the sth of
January 1820, amounted =to 16,878,2661. official
value, and only to 12,388,8321. real Nettle. The
official .value of the linen goods• exported the
same year, was 1,560,6681., and the real value
only 1,408,0041. •
But notwithstanding these evidences of the
diminished amount of the annual produce of " the
land, the trade, and the personal industry of the
subjects," the amount of taxes and rates taken

The total sum raised by the poor rates in Eng-
land and Wales
.in 1803, was 5,348,2041.; and
the sum expended on the poor was, 4,267,9631.
In 1813, 1814, and 1815, the sum raised Was
8,164,496/., and the sum expended on .the poor
was, 6,129,844/. on the average of those years...
The pressure of the national debt and taxes
not having been so much felt or perteived dur7
ing the war, might be on account of those very
loans of money which augmented it being from
time to time expended by Government, chiefly
within the kingdom, for various supplies drawn
:from the land and industry of the country ; con-
stituting a constant demand highly profitable to-
the producers, and greatly encouraging to the ge-
neral industry. Such widely distributed expen-
diture enabled the. active claSses to support tax=
ation with greater comparative. ease while it last-
ed, and while the debt was increasing. some
estimate may be" formed of the extent of this
powerful cause when it is stated, that between
the years 1807 and 1814, inclusively, the total
annual amount of loans and taxes increased pro-,
gressively from eighty four millions to one hun-
dred and twenty four millions. That the charge
for the navy, army,, ordnance and miscellaneous
Iservices in 181 I?. was more than 58 millions. ,By
' the.year. 1-617 the same charge - was reduced to
neinifens. :Tile
_nation, also. then .-enjoyed
a trade with the conquered colonies, subsequent-
ly given up, to the extent -of nearly nine millions
of imports, and five millions of exports. The
existing abundance of capital which now enables
Government to borrow money on Exchequer
bills at less than 3 per cent. and other circum-
stances, prove that the war expenditure was chief-
ly internal. By means of loans and taxes paid
into the EX'eliegner on. one hand;. and, the -public
expenditure on
,the others, . .great portion
.of the
growing wealth of.the Opnlent, was annually dis-
tributed among the industrious. This distribu-
tion of wealth has not only been diminished, but
the internal expenditure has also been reduCed
.by the residence of British. subjects in foreign
countries: .The subtraction of such
.powerful
means of supporting industry, -consumption, and
taxation, are additional arguments in favour of
any practical 'measure which may reduce the
pressure of taxes; without violating public 'faith.
Regarding the depreciation of • the value of
money which, has justly been deemed so interest-
ing, the expected•changes in the currency of the
country renders it -more important. Can itbe
accounted for on any. ground more substantial
and obvious than upon.the principle of taxes hav-
ing,in the course of the lest, and especially in
the beginning of the, present century,t Ontributed
to constitute a considerable coriiponent part of
the price of all.demestic commoditiesin addition
to the three component • parts of former times,
labour, rent and profit ? Have not the taxes' paid
by the producers progressively increased -in the
'period, and, 'as a general principle, must they
not have been from time to time restored-to them
with the labour, rent, and profit, in the market
prices of commodities to enable them to live by
their industry ? And, until very Teceht years,
were not the market prices such As, not only
comprised retribution of , taxes, bat aho with
such considerable prof ts, as to raise the producers
to circumstances of great prosperity ? But: on ac-
count of the continually increasing ratio, in which
the taxes were in the period entering into the
prices of commodities, the pound sterling corn-
manded less and less of those commodities ; in
other words, the value of money became More
and more depreciafed. •
(To be continued.)

It is by means gratifying to understand, that
a number of our cotton-weavers are turning their
eyes to France. Nine months ago, several weav-
ing families emig,rated.to Rouen, and the accounts
transmitted by them have been such ns to induce
a number of indhiduals to follow their example:
Thirty men left the Barony Parish today (Tues-
day, 29th ult.) on the sameciPstination. In such
cases it is usually the, best workmen that emi-
grate. Vie ought to recollect how easy the in-
troduCtion of the cotton trade was in Scotland.
Mechanics came to us from other countries, and.
taught those who are now in 'their turn going
away.--(G4tsgozr chronicle) • -

Fine meloits,grapes,cllcrrie3, and cauliflowers,
were yesterday sale in Covent-
Garden rna:kett• •

[MORNING POST.]
The Financial Statement was made by the
Chancellor of the Exchequer in the House of
Commons last night. It is very important, and
will not fail to -be read with great satisfaction,
containing as is does a highly gratifying exposi-
tion of the resources of the country. We can-
not now touch on the vast variety of subjects
which it comprehends, but it will be found to
present an actual reduction of expenditure to
the amount Of 1,050,0001. It skews a real dimi-
nution of debt in the last year of between seven-
teen and eighteen hundred thousand pounds, and
holds out a cheering prospect of a clear Sinking
Fund being obtained in the present year of
4,000,0001. These circumstances, connected as
they are with the awfully extraordinary events
of the period we have.just passed, are peculiarly
interesting and cheering; as indeed was the whole
statement of the Right Hon. Gentleman.