The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-08 00:00:00

fat(
cAuJI4 1111i114 Mt

mended for eighteen centuries. From a date coeval with
the foundaiion of the Christian faith itself the zeal of
sectarian fanaticism has persecuted its opponents—of
whatever shade of opinions, under whatever condition of
circumstance—with all the barbarous rigours and all
the sanguinarypenalties that are most opposed to the ge-
nius of Chistianity; to her precepts and her revelations.
In common with our Parisian Contemporary, we would
" wish to see the spirit of toleration which has tri-
umphed in civilissd countries take the place of these
odious excesses." To go back to the period wben Ca-
tholic armies destroyed, by " fire and sword," the Albi-
genses and the Vaurians. we also concur in thinking
would be but a sorry " means of preventing the perse-
cutions arising from Russian policy and orthodoxy."
But we certainly conceive that it might be very
possible for the great Powers of Europe to enter
into such engagements with one another as
might rescue the great common faith of which, under
various forms, all of them profess the essential doc-
trines, from the disgrace—from the infamy of even by
implication sanctioning the hideous atrocities that have
been perpetrated, in the name and for the glory of the
SAVIOUR (it seems like blasphemy, but it is not less the
truth, that. we thus write), upon the persons and the
honour of defenceless, helpless, women, devoted to the
service of religion, and fulfilling the most active and noble
duties of human charity. The town of Witebesk has been
made the theatre of a martyrdom, in its extent
and its details of refined barbarity, worthy of
the most ferocious extravagances of NERo, Doserreasr,
or MAXIMUS. In a very ancient convent near the town
of Minsk, within the territory of Russian Poland, a
sisterhood of forty-nine nuns of the rule of Saint Basil,
were lately discharging the truly sacred offices which in
Paris are fulfilled by the well-known "Sisters of Charity?,
They ministered to the wants of the poor ; they suc-
coured, attended upon, and nursed the helpless or friend-
less victims of sudden and overwhelming calamities,
disease, wounds, accidents ; the sick, the wounded, the
dying. They fed them, clothed them, prayed with
them. They soothed their last moments with encourag-
ing exhortation, or restored them to existence
and society for the most part as improved
in moral feeling as renovated in physical health. These
men had for their chaplain a priest named NICHELE-
WICZ, who, on the Emperor NICHOLAS issuing his
ukase, declaring that he would tolerate in his European
dominions no other religion but his own—namely, that
of the Greek Church—was induced to apostatise from
the communion of Rome, to which he belonged, to that
of the EMPEROR'S election. his apostacy was re-
warded by valuable promotions. He became bishop,
and then desired to have the sisterhood follow the
example of his apostacy. All his persuasions and his
menaces equally failing of their effect, he causes the
convent to be surrounded in the dead of night by Cos-
sacks, who seized them " with the most revolting bru-
tality, bound them with cords, and conducted them to
Witebesk, nearly twenty leagues from Minsk, coin-
pellieg them to walk the entire distance." At Minsk
they Is ere confined in a notorious convent under circum-
stances of degradation and infamy, for which we must
refer our readers to the narrative we have already
published, and where, every Friday, fifty lashes
were inflicted upon each of them ! Scourge?,
humbled, starved, " their bodies covered with wounds,"
these noble nuns were proof against ell external
cruelty, torture, and violence ; they remained steadfast
in their religious profession. With this constancy on
their part the anger and ferocity cf the apostate bishop
increased in proportion. He caused the devoted women to
be ironed and sent to the galleys, and slow starvation to
be superadded to their other tortures. Tormented
by thirst, faint with hunger, agonised by bodily
suffering, they were now compelled to serve as labourers
to the masons employed in building the ecclesiastical
palace. Thirty of these martyrs to their devoted fidelity
to the church in which they had been reared perished
under various strange, and scarcely conceivable tortures.
Of the seventeen who survived the fate of those victims,
three only retained sufficient strength to effect their es-
cape from the "schismatic nuns " in whose dissolute
service they had been compelled to enter as do-
mestic slaves. After surmounting difficulties, perils,
and reverses, which would seem rather to be-
long to an historical romance of the Middle
Ages than to the real life of any portion of
European society in the nineteenth century, they ac-
complished their escape into the Austrian dominions ;
and one of them, the venerable Abhors, from whom this
story of execrable persecution and unmanly brutality
has been promulgated, to the astonishment and disgust
of civilized nations, is at this moment in Paris. The
ferocious apostate, who thus signalised himself as the
immediate instrument of carrying out the Russian Em-
peror's insane scheme of compulsory conformity, has
sicce perished by a death, violent, indeed, but all too
easy (according to our fallible notions of human retri-
bution) for a criminal of guilt so desperate as his. Ile
was droe ned.

eminence will not venture on the scene—they, in fact,
are left to themselves, and must recover or die -as
pleases the SurnEms RULER of events. Were the labours
of the preventive squadrons effective, there would be
some consolation; but, so far from that, it is on
all hands that the blacks are subjected now to
tenfuld more horrors than in former times ;
that abundance of slaves are still imported
yearly into Brazil and Cuba. and that so long as the
I value of a slave remains high it is absolutely impossible
to prevent the traffic. Hopes are entertained that by
the new treaties with France and the United States
every outlet from Africa will be closed up, and should
any slavers escape, they will be caught by some of the
numerous cruisers that will swarm in these seas. The
proof, however, is to come. The French officers will pro-
bably not enter very heartily into a cause without hopes'of
glory or much profit. The Americans, so much accus
tomed to slavery in their own land, we fear, will be still
more lukewarm, and the whole burden, as at present, will
fall on the devoted officers and sailors of the British navy
It becomes, therefore, the Government and the friends 01
the Africans to inquire how long these calamities are to
be endured, and what is the probability of ultimate suc-
cess ? In our opinion there is no hope whatever. Smug-
gling cannot be prevented in England and France.
Though their shores are studded with custom-houses
and preventive service stations, tobacco and
brandy, and every foreign production charged with a
high duty, can be imported into England at a risk not
equal to one-half of the impost. In France, where the
regulations are still more strict, the task is equally hope-
less. English cutlery and cotton goods, and Belgian
lace, are smuggled into that country in great abundance,
and will be smuggled while the high duty holds out such
a tempting premium. What chance, then, have a few
cruisers—for the numbers cannot be great, taking the
sick and lukewarm in the cause into amount—to guard
a coast of two thousand miles, or capture the
offenders on the high seas ? While there is a de-
mand for slaves in the New World, slaves will be
had ; and should the new treaties in any considerable
degree repress the traffic, the price of the cargo will be
raised, and the temptation to smuggling only increased.
We give every credit to the good intentions of the Anti-
Slavery Society, but we cannot accomplish impossi-
bilitie, and before we be merciful to Africans we must
be merciful and just to the gallant defenders of our
country.

The Madrid Gaza e, of the 30th ult., publishes icstruc

Lions, sanctioned by the QUEEN, for the organisation of
schools of art. The Government seem resolved to take the
management of education entirely into their own hoods.
They have displaced the rectors in most of the universities
and conferred their functions on the political chiefs of
provinces, so as to have complete control over the
students as well as the system of education. This,
probably, is a move the right way. Power is not so
dangerous in any hands as in those of the Church.
No official business was done on the Bourse.

Now, we take it, there can be no difference of opinion
entertained among the Governments of Europe—among
any Christian States whatever—upon the scandal as well
as the enormity of the persecution which the Diocletian
of Muscovy is Low waging against one of the manifold
religious sections embraced in the many-peopled, many-
religioned nation over which he presides. It must
be the universal feeling, that the cross—the
sacred standard to which all of these Emperors
Kings, Potentates, Princes, and subjects have sworn,
under the most impressive obligations into which rational
beings are capable of entering, absolute allegiance—is
dishonoured, polluted, utterly desecrated by impious
violences of this kind. Why should not all the leading
States enter into a solemn and permanent convention—a
pledge of centuries of peace and improvement to the poste-
rity of nations, abjuring for ever, fur each
and all of them, the infliction hereafter of
all personal pains or civil disabilities on their subjects on
account of religious opinions and tenets, where they have
no immediate tendency to violate the laws or disturb the
peace and order of their kingdoms ? What would be the
inevitable results of such a convention honestly con-
tracted and honestly adhered to ? The present pacifi-
cation of all heartburnings and discontents among men
on account of their diversities of religious doctrine
and ceremonial ; security against the recurrence of them
for the future ; and the establishment of a wholesome
check on their own imperceptible tendencies to relapse
into the criminal ,bigotry of darker times. But such a
convention may touch very nearly the errors of our
own domestic Government, and amount to a confession
of our own past offences to our Roman Catholic and
Dissenting subjects. So much the better. It may touch
as nearly some of our best and dearest allies, for the
same reason. It may come home to Prussia ; it may.
reach Belgium ; it may affect France. So much the
better, again, we say. The past cannot be recalled: the
future may be controlled. Let all the Powers of Europe,
acting on the exigency which the carrying out of the
A UTOCRAT'S scheme of compulsory conformity has thus
created, avail themselves of the opportunity to eradicate
from their political institutions, for ever, the fruitful
sources of incessant civil and foreign discontent and com-
motions, of endless sacrifices, torments, assassinations,
intrigues, plots, conspiracies—all penal laws against
liberty of conscience and private judgment, subject only
to the limitations above suggested in matters of doc-
trine and religious opinions and observances.

Were the ease of the Eclair, horrible as it is, only a
solitary instance, or one even of three or four, of the
fatal effects of the plague which rages on certain parts
of the African coast, the public mind would feel less
anxiety, and the attempts of the Goverament to put
down the traffic of slaves might be borne with for some
years longer; but all accounts concur in stating the
ecntrary, and leave scarcely any doubt that the suffer-
ings inflicted on our gallant countrymen can never be
recompensed oven by the attainment of the object in
view. All who are appointed to these stations enter on
a forlorn hope. They have almost certain death before
their eyes, without the excitement of battle and victory,
or the belief that their cruel fate will benefit the African
race. But a few years since three vessels were fitted
out with every equipment for counteracting the malaria;
a certain proportion of black seamen were placed on
board each ship; most of the officers had been more or less
seasoned to the climate; the friends of the Africans were
in high hopes that the expedition would be success-
ful, though all persons acquainted with the
coast augured a very different result. And their
forebodings were but too literally fulfilled. Nearly the
whole of the European officers and sailors fell a sacrifice
to the disease, and only one vessel returned—with
more than one-half of the crow dead, and the rest
in a little more hopeful condition than those
on board the Eclair. This has been invari-
ably the consequence of similar attempts, and
what renders the task of putting down the trade more
difficult is, that the ships which keep at sea, and only
occasionally approach near the coast, are liable to nearly
the sane calamities. Any communication with the in-
fected spots spreads the contagion, and the unfor-
tunate victims must either desert their post,
and seek shelter in a more healthy climate,
or dlo like outcasts from society. Foreigners
shun their touch,:they are rarely allowed to land on the
most sequestered nook of a French, a Spanish, or a
Port uggaeufeoasfteeasi
reotnatlni tyd.men
t,and when they reach their native
clothingsomewhatla
and
more
medicine,
of
ait s
men
btehnu et moo
of
little avail, it is true, they obtain, but medical itself

The Paris papers are chiefly occupied with the detest
of the French troops in Africa, and the atter'pt at insur
rection in the Papal States. Few additional particulars
of the attacks made by ABD-EL-KADER are given, bot we
see, from the tone of the journals, as well as from certain.
movements, that Marshal BUGEAUD wia be forthwith
dispatched to Africa, and probably with full powers to
carry on the era: with vigour. We fear the Emperor of
Moaocco will be placed by it in a difficult position. He
cannot prevent ADD EL KADER from taking refuge on
the frontier, among tribes that will not recognise his
authority, and that he cannot subdue ; but the French
may insist that if he cannot preserve neutrality
in his dominions, they will do it fur him. It
appears that the experimental fleet, undtr Ad-
miral PARSEVAL DECIIENES, was expected at Algiers;
and after a Cabinet Council held at the Tuileries, both
Marshal SOULT and Marshal BUGEAUD had been sum-
moned -by telegraph to Paris. A Marseilles joUrnal, in
an article on the late defeats, insists that ABD-EL-KA-
DER should be hunted to the last, that no other banner
but that of France should be unfurled in Africa, and
that nothing but energy and rapidity can secure this
important colony to France. " The only way," it says,
" of speedily terminating the war, is to carry it on with
vigour and lose no time. If the pacific reveries of a
few philanthropists, whose hearts are better than their
understandings, were applied prematurely, our power in
Africa would be sadly compromised. We respect the
motives that inspire those theories, but we consider it an
act of patriotism and real humanity to combat them
with all our might. France wishes to put a period
to the war in Africa, and she is right, for political con-
siderations of the highest importance require it ; but
the only mode of obtaining that result is to conduct it
with energy and rapidity, and to leave no other banner
unfurled in the country but our own. The affair of
Africa unfortunately cannot be adjusted by gendarmes,
as asserted by the partisans of the pacific system."
These, it is known, are Marshal BUGEAUD'S views ; and,
under present circumstances, he is not likely to return
to his post without liberty to carry on the war in his own
way, and without a large addition to the forces already
in that'quarter. A correspondent of the Journal des
Debuts alludes to the difficulties which must arise from
the retreat of ADD-EL-KADER within the Morocco fron-
tier in these words :—" It is to be apprehended that ABD •
EL-KADER, after parading the heads °four soldiers among
the frontier tribes to excite them to'revolt, will retire on
the territory of Morocco, without awaiting the arrival
of our troops. The revolts of the tribes, even should
they cost us some losses,- are without danger, because
the chastisement is ever certain and prompt ; but the
same is not the case with an enterprising enemy, who,
relying on the asylum he is sure to find
.on the borders
of; our territory, watches the propitious hour, pre-
pares it by fomenting insurrection, and when he has suc-
ceeded, pounces upon feeble
,columns as upon a prey,
and then returns with impunity into his retreat, where
we are not permitted to follow him. We cannot, on the
other hand, charge the Government of Morocco with
treason, for ABD.EL-KADER seeks refuge among tribes
who do not recognise the authority of the EMPEROR.
It is my conviction that the treaties with Morocco are
good, that the Court of Fez would wish to execute them,
and that the presence of ABD-EL-KADER on the Moorish
territory is much more menacing for the throne of the
EMPittIOR than for our domination in Africa—a fact of
which ABDERRAHMAN is perfectly aware." The A a'ional
takes a very different view of the affair, and attributes
' the present disasters and difficulties to the timidity of
the Government, who, under the influence of England,
consented to the treaty of. Morocco without binding the
EMPEROR down by conditions which would have utterly
excluded B BD-EL-KADER from his dominions. We give
the article in question at length, as it probably expresses
the sentiments of a large number of Frenchmen :
" The accounts from Algeria have naturally made a most
painful impression. A great many persons had flattered
themselves that the recitals of the colonial press were, to a
certain deg" ee, exaggerated. Marshal Bugeaud has friends
in Africa who earnestly wish fur his return, and have, since
his departure, constantly repeated that his presence in Algeria
is indispensable, as he alone is capable of bearing the weight
of this great Government; that without him his best lieu-
tenants fail in energy and judgment; and people ask
themselves whether it might not be possible that this
troop of Seids had inflated beyond all measure the
catastrophe of Djemma Ghazaouat, with the object
of raising the value of their idol. The semi• official
journals of the evening were therefore sought for with
great impatience. It was hoped that the Government would
not fail to publish the official details which the Governor-
General, ad interim, certainly must have transmitted. These
journals, however, were silent on the occasion. The Mes-
sager has contented itself without producing the recitals in the
Moniteur Alg'irien. We think we are very reserved when we
say only that we consider this to be highly improper. Of two
things one—either the minister is acquainted with the whole
truth, and therefore ought to have published it entire, or it
knows not the whole truth, and therefore the too legitimate
fears of families demand that it should have warned the people
against listening to rumours which may turn out to have
been exaggerated. Perhaps the Government shrinks from
the responsibility which this complication of affairs in Africa
throws upon it. But vainly will it try to relieve itself from
a burthen which is chiefly its own. It may, and no doubt
will, be said, let the memory of Colonel Montagnac answer
fur the adventnrous sortie in which, most unfortunately,
he lost his life; but it is not from that we have to demand
au account of the appearance again upon our territories of
Abd-el-Kader, at the head of a numerous body of warriors.
The real authors of this new peril are the men who nego-
tiated and signed the treaty of peace with Morocco before
Abd-el-Kader was safely lodged in custody of the troops of
Morocco or of France, and sent either into this country or to
one of the places on the remote shores of Morocco. If, in-
stead of vain promises of his being put at ban, the principal
negotiator of this treaty, the Prince de Joinville, and the
Government in whose name he acted, had firmly insisted
upon the expulsion of Abd-el-Kader as a preliminary condi_
then for the suspension of hostilities, Mutey Abderrhaman
would, no doubt, have done all in his power to give us this
indispensable guarantee of security. But, no; on account of
the proximity of Gibraltar, the parties contented them-
selves with we know not what sort of a stipulation
which was ridicqlous at the time, and of which we have
had to sustain the doleful consequences. But, after all,
France is considered to be sufficiently abundant in
brave soldiers to render it unnecessary to economise their
blood ! That this blood will be avenged we well know, and
perhaps has been already. On the first report of what had
happenedhhowever,prGomelnvetral
and Caveanigegnraecti hastened
may have been, is not
to the spot, aed an
engagement has already taken place. But this reparation,
sufficient. As long as Abd-el-Kader can find a secure refuge
among our neighbours of Morocco, the tranquillity of our
possessions in Africa will be daily disturbed. This asylum
must therefore be shut against him. The Emperor of
Morocco must decide whether he will be for us or for our
enemy. If for us, he must join his troops to ours, and in
concert with them pursue the man who is a constant terror
to his dynasty, as well as a scourge to us. In the second
case, the Emperor must be again made to feel the weight of
our power. It is necessary to act with promptitude and
vigour. The peace of Europe cannot last for ever, and we
should take advantage of so much of it as remains to fix our
dominion so stably in Africa, that whatever complications
may arise in Europe, Algeria may be a succour to us, and not
an embarrassment."

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1845.

There has just been published, in the Journal des
Dehats, a case so horrible and so remarkable, that we
felt ourselves justified in yesterday transferring it to
our columns, under the heading of " Religious Per-
secutions in Russia." At the foot of our translation
we have acknowledged the highly respectable source
from whence the article is taken by quoting the journal
in question. Postponing the strong inclination of our
own feelings to give expression to all the indignation
its perusal has excited in us, we cannot help thinking
that it involves matter which may well originate the
adoption of proceedings, on the part of universal Chris-
tendom, which religion and policy have alike in vain de-

The Journal des Debats publishes a second letter

E SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING,` OCTOBER 8. 1845

containing some additional details from Rimini. The
following is the only extract of the least interest:-
"The town of Ravenna, ten leagues distant from
followed its example ; a rising took place there on the 24th,
in the name of the constitution, but the Cardinal Legate,
who resides there, having at his disposal Pontifical troops
and 1,000 Swiss soldiers, with some artillery, immediately
attacked the insurgents. A sanguinary struggle took place,
which is said to have lasted for five hours; the artillery
fired grape through the streets, and several of the in-
habitants were killed. The Pontifical troops had on their
side one officer killed as well as several Swiss soldiers. We
have no further details of what took place at this point, but
it appeared that the authorities gained the upper hand, and
that tranquillity was re-established on the same day. At
the first news of the insurrection of Rimini, the Cardinal Le-
gate of the province, who resides at Forli, took the most
energetic measures. He assembled considerable forces, and
particularly the Swiss, and marched them with some
artillery already
ainst the town of Rimini The insurgents there,
who had already been informed of. what had taken place at
Ravenna, decided on evacuating the town which they could
no longer hold. At the approach of the troops, therefore,
they deposited their arms in the market-place, and fled-
some into the mountains, and others to the boats which
were at anchor in the port. During the three days that the
insurgents kept possession in the town, they behaved with
great moderation ; they re: pected private property, and even
the arms and insignia of the Pontificial Government, and, on
leaving the place, only carried off the money in the town trea-
sury and the savings' bank, which, however, did not amount
to a large sum. As soon as the town had been abandoned by
the insurgents, the old authorities sent a deputation to the
Cardinal Legate and to the Commander-in-Chief of the troops
coming from Forli, declaring that the inhabitants had
remained passive spectators of what had occurred, and im-
ploring the clemency of the Pontificial Government. The
most absurd rumours have been spread throughout Italy. At
Venice it was reported that some French steamers had ef-
fected a landing at Civita Vecchia, and that the authorities
had immediately armed a great number of small vessels ready
to put to sea. Although the insurrection has completely
failed, a great degree of excitement reigns in the public mind;
and it is feared that the insurgents will organise a Guerilla
warfare in the mountains. The Government of the Grand
Duchy of Tuscany has adopted measures to watch its fron-
tiers, and the Governments of the other States of Italy have
also thought it necessary to take precautionary measures
The Piedmontese Gazette, the official journal of Turin,
of the Ist inst., thus notices the affair of Rimini :-
" A band of several hundreds of men landed furtively on
the 24th ult. on the shore of the Pontifical States, and got
possession, by surprise, of Rimini, where, it appears, they had
had some understanding with the garrison. On the approach
of the troops sent in this direction the disturbers of public
order dispersed, carrying away with them the public money.
We have no other details of this affair, but it seems that
tranquillity is perfectly re-established."
According to some of the Paris papers, the King of the
BELGIANS had published on the 2d an ordonnance which
provides that for one year, commencing from that date,
the increase of the import duties on cottons shall not be
applicable to those of France.
The following are miscellaneous extracts :-
" Louis Philippe was to review, on the Bth, seven or eight
regiments of the line, in the Court of the Tuileries.
" The Epagne, formerly the Paris Globe, a Government
paper, states that M. Ronge, having intimated his intention
of visiting France, received a communication, through the
French Chargé d'Affaires, that he might travel in France as
a private individual, but would not be allowed to celebrate
worship according to the forms of German Catholicism."
" According to a statistical account it appears that from
1827 to 1843 there were 101,739 accidental deaths, and
99,120 suicides in France. The annual average of each of
these is 5,984 for the first, and 5,831 for the second. The an-
nual amount of the last, however, increased in a lament-
able proportion. In 1827 it was 1,562 ;in 1830 it was 1,756 ;
in 1834 it was 2,078 ; in 1837 it was 2,443 ; in 1840 it was
2,752 ; and in 1843 it was 3,020.
"The Gazette of the Upper Rhine states that a Ministerial
rescript has been addressed to all the heads of the Protestant
Church in the Grand Duchy of Baden, ordering them not to
permit the celebration of public worship by the clergy of the
new German Catholic Church in Protestant churches.
oount de Freqnelmont, Austrian Minister of State, left
Vienna on the 6t
2h ult. for Inspruck, to receive the Empress
of Russia in lhe name of his Court, and to accompany her to
Milan.
" The Emperor of Russia continuing, with his son, the
Hereditary Grand Duke, his tour in the southern districts of
his empire, has visited Bobruisk and Gomel, and arrived on
the 12th ult. at Elizatethgrad.
" A letter from Stockholm, 22d ult., in the Universal
German Gazette, states that after the return of the King
there will be a change in the Council, into which several
Liberal members are to be introdtmed. The recal of Baron
de Krudener, Ambassador from the Emperor of Russia to the
Court of Sweden, had caused a very painful sensation."
On the Paris Bourse on Monday the Three per Cents.
closed at €3l. 60c. •, the New Loan at 83E 75c. ; the Five
per Cents., at 1181. 10c. ; the Orleans Railroad Shares,
1,250 f. ; Rouen, I,OOOE ; Great Northern, 822 f. 50c. ;
Fampoux, 535 f.: Havre, 890 f. ; Avignon, 1,045 f. ; Bor-
deaux, 705 f.; Boulogne, 640 f. ; Troyes and Montereau,
525 f. ; Basle, 283 E 75c.; Spanish Three per Cents., 38%;
Ditto, Passives, 6%.
The following are the quotations for the new lines :-
Paris and Lyons Railroad (Laffitte), 30f. premium ;
ditto (Calon), 81. 50c. ; ditto (Ganneron), 15f. ; ditto
(Lapinsonniere), 6f.; Northern Line (Rosamel), 39f. ; ditto
(Decan Lebeuf), 31f. 50c. ; Paris and Strasburg (Ganneron),
16f. 25c. ; ditto (Hinguerlot), 13f. ' • ditto (Bechet), 6f. ; ditto
(Aymard), llf. 50c.; Tours and Nantes (Mackenzie), 10f.
50c. ; ditto (Drouillard), 3f. 50c. •, ditto (O'Neill), 12f. 50c. ;
ditto (Lefevre), 7f.; Lyons and Avignon (Talabot), :32f. 50c. •
ditto (Lecointe), 22f. 50c. ; ditto (Compagnie Meridionale),
10f. ; Bordeaux and Cette (Mackenzie), 2f. ; ditto
(Espeleta), 14f. ; Creil and St. Quentin (Kysaens), lf. 50c. ;
ditto (Carette), 81. 50c.; ditto (Colbert), lf. 50c. ; Charleroi
(Kysaens),iAßsElLL3E7sl;
Oar.soc.
2.-Marseilles and Avignon, 1,015 f. ;
Boulogne, 627 f. 50c. ; Vierzon, 750 f. ; Orleans and Bordeaux,
682 f. 50c •
LYONS, Oar. 3.-Marseilles and Avignon, 1,0221.. end
of October ; Paris And Orleans. 1,230 f. ditto; Paris and
Rouen, 1,0581. ; Orleans and Vierzon, 756 f. ; Orleans and Bor-
deaux, 695 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, OCT. 7.
Anglo-Belgian - Luxembourg
Boulogne and Ainient. 13% Namur and Liege
Bordeaux &Mediterran - Orleans and Vierzon 203/4
Bordeaux and Toulon* - Orleans and Bordeaux 131/
Do. & Cette (Espeleta) 2M OverYssel •••
Do. ( Mackenzie's) - Paris & Lyons (Lafitte)
Central of Spain 2% Ditto (Ganneron's).
Demerara
Dendre Valley •-• 2 Paris and 0r1ean5...... --
Dutch Rhenish 12 Paris and Rouen . 41%
Dieppe & Paris Junck - Paris and Strasburg
Dijon and Mulhouse - (Ganneron's)... .... . .2%
East Indian ...... 4 Do. (Compte de L'Est)
Grt Northern of Franc, Paris and St. Quentin. -
(Laffitte's) , 6% Rouen and Havre...... -
Ditto (Rosamel's) , 3% Royal North of Spain. 2%
Do. (Le Boeuf ) - Sambre and Meuse .... 8
Do. Pepin le Halleurs - Strasbourg and Basle . -
Great Paris and Lyons 2 Tournay,Jurbise, Lan-
Great Western Bengal lsA • dent, and Hasselt... -
Jamaica Junction ~ 6 Tours and Nantes
Do. North Midland, - (Mackenzie's)
Do. Extension ....„ 21A Do. (Lefebvre's)
Jersey - Verona and Ancona.... -
Louvain and Jemeppe 4% West Flanders 7I,E
Lyorni and Avignon..,, 256

WAR AGAINST MOROCCO.
(prom the Herald.)

PARIS, OcT. 7.
The Motaiteur of to-day (Tuesday morning) contains the

following :
"4 Council of Ministers were held yesterday at St. Cloud.
The King has commanded that six regiments of infantry and
two of cavalry be embarked and carried immediately into
Algiers, in the province of Oran, where the Marshal Duko
D'lsly is about to receive orders to return immediately."
This army, consisting of 12,000 men, is intended for an
expedition into Morocco, as is unequivocally announced by
the Journal des Debatt, of almost equal authority with the
Moniteur itself, in the following terms :
" The news publbshel by the Messager will respond to the
public cry for a proipt and striking punishment of the
perfidy to which out brave soldiers have fallen victims
Eight regiments, formkig 12,000 men, are to be sent immedi-
ately into the province of Oran. Marshal Bugeaud returns

to his post.
" It now remains to be seen what shall be the destination
of these forces. It is not difficult for us to form a conjec-
ture. Everything indcates where the blow, in order to be
efficacious, ought to b 4 struck. We shall express our opi-
nion in one word—we must have done with Abd-el-Kader,
and seek him in whatever place he takes refuge. The troops
we have in Africa 'rive than suffice for the repression o
partial insurrection.. the Government need not reinforcef
80,000 men with the slngle object of chastising some rebel
Arabs.

"Abd-el-Kader is thesole cause of these ceaseless rebellions.
He is the obstacle who tust be destroyed before we can arrive
at the definitive pacification of Algiers. We have driven
this able and audacious thief from the countries of our rule ;
he has retired into Morocco. He has established, in a part
of this empire and upon our frontier, his camp. It
is there he watches For an opportunity of surprising
and killing our soldiers. Conquer or conquered, it is there
he seeks shelter from our arms. It is there he must be met,
and by one last blow the prestige of his power destroyed. Be-
tween European powers the aim is the enemy's capital.
Abd-el-Kader's capital is wheresoeverbis tents, horses,wives,
and old people are. The capital of Abd-el-Kader is at pre-
sent in Morocco."

The Debats goes on to show that according to the law of
nations an expedition into Morocco is justifiable; besides this
legal right, there is the stronger one founded upon the treaty
of Tangiers, by an article of which the Emperor engaged to
expel Abd-al-Kader from the territory of Morocco, or to con-
fine him therein ; and concluded by saying that the war is
not against the Emperor of Morocco, but " against Abd-el-
Kader in Morocco."

In another article the Debats gives an account of the
forces under the Emir's command, and a description of the
locality where they are placed. It is as follows :
" The river de:Malonia, in Morocco, where Abd-el Kader
has taken refuge, is but two or three days' march
from the French frontier. It is by the coast side
that he has come into the district of Nedroma,
where is situated the fort of Djemmaa Ghazaouet.
passing by the Djebel or Mount Rarmoun by Me-
suda, and the countries of the Souhalia. His deira is upon
the left bank of the river, at the extremity of the little inter-
nal desert of Garet, upon the slopes of the Djebel Touna and
Djebel Azgan, descending from the long chain of the Rif.
This deira is a colony of fractions of tribes, who, with their
families, hope by the holy war to gain the paradise of Ma-
hornet.

This tribe is composed of about 5,000, of which about 500
are regular cavalry, the rest infantry. All who can carry
arms constitute the goum, and settle wherever they find it
necessary, to feed their camels, cattle, and horses.
The Berberes, or Kabyles, of the Rif, have openly em-
braced the 'cause of the Emir, whom they look upon
as a saint ; while the Emperor has lost all
credit since he treated with infidels. These Berberes have

never completely obeyed the Court of Fez. The chain 1
of the Rif iiaes from the shore of the Mediterranean, above
the Spanish settlements, called Penon de Velez and Alhue-
mas, and extends to Tetouan, not far from Tangiers. The Ka-
byles are bold smugglers, and cannot be approached in their
mountain defiles by the Emperor's troops, and are the most
ferocious of all the Maugrel. At one time they successfully
resisted 3,000 imperial troops. Abd-el-Kader lives in safety
among these tribes, on whom he imposes no laws, and
does not even demand from them subsidies. They are
accordingly devoted to him. To them he confides
his deira, when he sets out on an expedition, and then
proceeds with all the men capable of bearing arms.
On his way he recruits his forces from the tribes that lie in
his way. It was thus that on the late occasion he had with
him some of the Beni Suassin of the Guersif, and of the
Djeradoua, who belong to Morocco, and with them the
Kabyles of the mountains of Sidi. Brahim, in all 4,000
warriors.

" The loss of General Bowjolly on the 22d has been ascer-
tained to have been serious. There fell with Colonel Berthier
28 killed, and 90 were wounded; 9 horses killed and 11
wounded. The Arabs attacked with 200 infantry and 1,000
cavalry. Of the force cut off by Abd-el-Kader only ten es-
caped out of 450."
The Epoque states that the King was so affected with the
news from Africa that he ordered the concert to be post-
poned, which was to have been given on Monday evening
upon the occasion of his Majesty's birthday.
The Constitutionnel mentions that orders to return directly
to Paris had been communicated by telegraph to Marshal
Soult and Marshal Bugeaud.

MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The sales of Cotton at Liveryool yesterday were only 80
bales, and the market was very dull. There was no change
in prices. Shares were quiet, and there was not much doing.
If the accounts that were received yesterday and to-day
front many parts of Ireland are to be believed, the potato
crops are suffering in many districts from the same dis-
ease as that which had attacked so large a proportion
of the plantations in this country. In the county
of Cork we are assured, upon the best authority, that a very
large amount of damage has already been done. We con-
fess that we hesitate placing full credence to the statement
that the growth of the sister isle has been damaged
to the extent a correspondent of ours asserts,
as heretofore we have received very gratifying accounts, not
only as to the quality of the potatoes in almost all
districts of Ireland, but also, that the yield
would, in ell probability, be most ample. It is
not upon light grounds that we are disposed to
look with suspicion to many of the advices received from
Ireland of the prospects of the potato crops, as there are
many parties on this side of the Channel who, as holders of
articles usually substituted for flour and potatoes when prices
are high, desire the markets to be influenced by reports
that may be disseminated through the public press. Any at-
tempt of this kind ought to be immediately shown up, so
that the poorer classes may not suffer by any combination
that may be found to enhance the value of the necessaries of
life.
The state of the Money Market is most satisfactory.
There are not the slightest symptoms of a pressure, notwith-
standing very large amounts of capital are almost daily
lodged with the Accountant-General in the shape of deposits
on new railway companies. In truth, there are deposits still
in the hands of the private and the joint-stock banks on the
same account, to an extent almost without the bounds of
credibility.
The Consol Market has been very firm at 9E,4 IA, and the
same value is to be easily obtained for Money Stock. The
premium on Exchequer-bills has receded a fraction, but still
the interest of money is low. India Bonds are at 63 premium,
and India Stock at 266.
About three or four quotations are given in the Foreign
list to-day. The old Portuguese Five per Cents. are at 84;
the Venezuelan Two per Cents. are at 43; and the Dutch
Four per Cent. Certificates 94 to 95.
The demand for the Railway Shares is extremely good.
Great expectations are entertained of the Ceylon project,
passing as it dues through a rich and populous district of this
luxuriant colony—and from all information, the cost of con-
struction will be comparatively easy, as the landholders will
support it most strenuously. Great Western Railway
Shares are on the advance.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCII.
(From the Official List.)
3 per Cent. Consols Alms 98%%
Long Annuities Expire sth Jan. 1860
Do. 30 Years, Expire Jan. 5, 1860 11 3-16
India Stock 266
India Bonds 1,0001 63
Consols for Account 98%1A
Exchequer Bills. 13/4d. 11Ad.
1,000/.
500/. ........ .....
Ditto Small — .. 51 50 pm.

PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent B4
Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent
Dutch 21,1 per Cents
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates
Ditto for the Account. 94 95

BUSINESS DONE IN
OR` SHARES AT ONE
'CLOCK. _ ..

RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SHARE.
Aberdeen ............... ........ 2% 6llO/2... to
Armagh, Coleraine, Portrush r-,6 2% to
Bideford and Tavistock .. ... 1A..... 2% to
Birmingham and Oxford
Junction
Boston, Stamford, and Birm. 22s
Bristol and Exeter
Ditto New
Caledonian 5 16%% ... to 15%
Ditto Extension
Cambridge and Lincoln ...... 1% 5%%% to
Ditto. New
Cambridge and Oxford IA 2% to
Chester and Holyhead
Chester and Manchester
Cornwall .. -.. 3
Coventry, N uneaton, Bir.,
and Leicester IIA 4%...... to
Derby, Uttoxeter, and Staff'd 2% 3%, to
Direct Manch. (Remington's) 23/ 4%%... to
Dublin and Belfast Junction 2% ll% to
Dublin and Galway
Eastern Counties
Do. New - 41. 16s 75,6781/4 p to
Do. Perpet. 5 per Ct. No. 1. 6/.13s 4d 11/ 3 p... to
Eastern Union
East and West of England... 1% 2% to
Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O .....
Ditto 1,4 Shares ......... ...... 12% ...... 18% to
Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorchester 23/4 3% to
Gloucester, Aberyatwith, and
Central of Wales
Goole and Doncaster l% 6%..... to
k`andUnion(Notting.kLynn) 1% 4%...... to 3%
Great Eastern and Western.. 21/2
Great North of England 100 .218
Great Western

—Ditto 1,4 Shares ...'5O
Ditto Fifths
Guildford, Fareham, Fortin& 2% 4% to
Elull and Selby 5O lO4 ...... to 105%
Leicester and Birmingham... 225. 214% p to
Leicester and Bedford 22s. 314% p to
Leicester and Tamworth 425.... 31AVA p to
Liverpool and Leeds Direct 2%...... 6% to
Liverpool, Manchester, and
Newcastle Junction
London and Birmingham ...100 219 ...... to 218%
Ditto Thirds ...... .
Ditto Extension
London & Blackwell... 161. 13s. 4d 9%...... to
Do. New l%. 4% to 334
London and Brighton
Ditto, Sixths O%
London and Croydon 13/. 15s. 9d. 2314 to
London, Cheltenham, Oxford,
Gloucester, and Hereford... 1%
London and Greenwich... 12/.155. 4d lO
Ditto Preference ........181 17s 2d... 23
London, Hounslow, &Western 2 . .... 214% ;to
London and South Western.. 41%...... 78% to
Ditto New ..
Do. New
London and York... ..... ...... 2% 63A 7... to 6%
Lon.,Warwck,Kidderminster 2%
London, Salisbury, & Yeovil 2% 3% to
Manchettei and Leeds 76 .....151 ...... to 150
Manchester and Birmingham 40
Ditto Quarters

Ditto New Quarters... 2 ...... 14q to
Do. Continuation & Welsh
Junction lie 2% to
Manch. Buxton, h. Matlock 225.
Midland 100 1741,E to 174
Newcastle ez Darlington ,:hinc. 25
Newcastle and Berwick
Newcastle, Durham, and Lan.
cashire Junction l% 4%...... to
Newark, Sheffield, and Boston 2% SA%SA to
North British
Ditto, New 1
North Devon
Northern and Eastern 45

Ditto New Quarters 1
North Kent & Direct Dover 21/2 4%A... to
North Staffordshire 425....... 6% p... to 53/4
North Wales 3% 7IA to
Northampton, Banbury, and
Cheltenham ••• 2
Nottingham and Boston l% 4%%... to
Oxford, Gosport, Portsmouth,
and Southampton... 42s 23/4 p... to
Oxford and Worcester 2% 1814.— to 17
Oxfrd, Witney, & Cheltnhain 1%..
Perth and Inverness
Preston and Wyre
Rugby and Huntingdon
Seottlzh Central
Scottish Midland ... ......... ... 11/2 5%%... to
Shrews., W olver., Dud., Birm. 21/2
Shrew& & Trent Val. Union. 225. ...
Somersetshire Midland
South Devon ...
South Midland 225...... 71,4 p... to 8 p
South Eastern and Dover
South Wales
Tean and Dove Valley l% 314 %... to
Trent Valley
Trent Val. & Holyhead June. iXi 2% to
Vale of Neath
Warwick and Cheltenham ... 1% 3% to 3
Waterford, Wexford,Wieklw,
and Dublin
Waterford, Wexford, and

Valentin
Wilts, Somerset, & Sthamptn 1%..... 31A 2yB to 83g
Wilts,Somerset,&Weymouth 21A....101' yi ... to 10
Wrster, Shrews. & Crewe Un. 1% 33 to
York and North Midland .. 50
Ditto, Selby

FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens 8 ...... 1314 .. to
Central of Spain
Demerara.

Dendre Valley -
Dijon and Mulhouse 2 . ... 2%...... to
Dutch Rhenish 5 ..... 11% to
East Indian
Brest Northern of France
______

soma •••••••• odu
(Laffitte's)v.a.a.
Do. Do.(Rosamel's) ..... 2
Ditto (Peppin le 1-14.11eur) 2
Great Western Bengal ss.
Jamaica North Midland 1
Ditto Extension
Louvain and Jemeppe