The Sun.
London, England, 1828-03-26 00:00:00

EXPORTED.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS

Although the business of the House of Lords
yesterday might be said to-be comprised withiu a
very few words, those words were by no means.
unimportant. Earl Grey put a qwestion to the
Noble Secretary for Foreign Affairs, the object
of which was in substance to obtain informa-
tion from his Lordship, whether any official et
positive intelligence had been communicated to
his Majesty's Government, on which it could bc,
safely affirmed or denied that the relations be-
tween Russia and the Ottoman Porte had under-
gone a sensible change since the delivery. of
Royal Speech to Parliament, wherein his Ma-
jesty expressed a confident hope that the " un-
toward event of the battle of Navarin" would

not be followed by actual hostilities. Earl Giey
very naturally referred to the answer given on the
preceding night by Mr. Peel to Sir It. Wilson,
who had asked a similar question with regard to
Russia and the Porte,as being one which imposed
upon his Lordship the necessity, of having that
(somewhat extraordinary) answer confirmed or
corrected immediately. Lord Grey admitted his
belief that no actual declaration of war had been
received from Russia, or possibly issued against
'Turkey; but asserted,what indeed is obviously true,
that acts far short of a declaration of war must be
considered as producing a very material change
in the relations of the above two Powers, and
as absolutely destroying or infinitely impairing
the pacific expectations of his Majesty. "
li,"—
after enumerating various acts and circumstance's,
—" if," said Earl Grey, " Ministers should have
received a declaration on the part of Russia, that
she would act immediately in enforcing demands
with which the Porte had hitherto refused to
comply," that would of itself have indicated a
material change in the relations between those
two Governments. To a question directed to
that precise point by Sir Robert Wilson, what
had been Mr. Peel's reply P After affirming,.
what was literally true, that " no declaration of
war by Russia against Turkey had been received,'
the Home Secretary ventured to add, that no-
thing wai known to have occurred to change the
situation in which Russia stood at the time
when the treaty of the 6th of July had been con-
cluded"—( Vide Commons' report of yesterday
in this journal.) Now what could be reason.
ably inferred from such a statement, but that no-
thing had been officially communicated to the
King's Government of any change having taken
place in the resolves or language of Russia ?
We cannot suppose that Mr. Peel had any
intention to mislead, but his words certainly
im-
plied, that so far as his Majesty's Govern-
ment had any knowledge, Russia and the
Porte stood just where they • had been
when the King's speech declared from the
woolsack that his Majesty had confident hopes
of still maintaining peace. Let us now turn to
Lord Dudley's answer to Lord Grey. It differs
essentially from the language of the Home Se-
cretary, and tells the nation with perfect frank-
ness what they have to apprehend, and what a
serious change has really happened since the
commencement of the session. After declaring
his anxiety "to give the Noble Earl and their
Lordships—and he might also add the public—
all the satisfaction he could consistent with •his
duty," Lord Dudley stated, that " certain in-
tentions had been announced on the part of
Russia, which very much diminished the chance
of maintaining the existing peace between Russia
and the Porte." And again—" that our hops
of maintaining peace between the Porte and
Russia had much diminished since the time when
his Majesty's communication was made to their
Lordships on the first day of the session, there
was no doubt, but no account was yet received
of peace being actually violated." This, we
have no doubt, is the plain straight-forward fact,
though the Home Secretary thought it neces-
sary to be diplomatically obscure on the ocee-
sion.—Times.

Mr. Herries, it must be confessed, we think,
has made out a lame defence, both for himself
and Lord Goderich, as to their non-interference
when the miscalculation relative to the scale of
Government Life Annuities was first made
known to them. Even upon his own showing
there was as much information, and as strong
grounds for interference, furnished then as there
are now ; and if a suspension of the Act be now
thought necessary, it was just as fit, as necessary,
and as feasible then.--Morning Herald.
A brief but highly important conversation,
which for the present we shall leave without. corn-
h formert betweenN oEbalerl Garr?:
aniiiednt,Etaorolk
Dpuladcleeyl.astTiheii
adverting to the present state of the East of
Europe, asked the Foreign Secretary whether
the statement that had been made by a high au-
thority, namely—" That his Majesty's Mini-
sters had received no intimation that any change
had taken place in the relations between Russia
acid the Ottoman Porte, or that any declaration
of war had been issued by either of those Powers,"
—was to be taken as importing that nothing had
occurred since the delivery of his Majesty's
Speech to diminish the hopes so confidently ex-
pressed in it, of the continuance of peace, with
Turkey. Earl Giey said he was exceedingly
anxious, if it could be done with propriety, to
have this statement confirmed, or denied. To
this question Earl Dudley replied—" I hope
the Noble Earl will for the present re-
main satisfied with my stating, that although cer-
tain intentions have been announced on the part.
of Russia, which may justify the apprehension
that there is no great chance of peace being
maintained between that empire and the Otto-
man Porte, his Majesty's Government have yet
received no actual information that those inten-
tions have been carried into effect. Certainly,
by the transactions which have taken place be-
tween Russia and the Porte, since the period
9f tliie opening
t higis (!f
itithaie pres,ent Session of Parlia-
esty s Speech was delivered
.from the Throne, the„hopc
Ufa permanent peace
mat,
has been diminished. Our readers will see in a
different part of the Aeiv Times of today, that
notwithstanding all that has passed, the French
.
Journals arc confident that the peace of
Europe will not be broken, and that the latest
accounts seem to confirm their views.—Arcre
Times.

aide
Mr. Wilmot Horton has hitherto in vain en-
deavoured to draw the attention of the Honour-
of the people of the United Kingdom ; and last
House to the condition of the lower orders
night he attributed his failure to his having
given Members credit for more disceinment than
they actually possessed. He regretted (he
said) that instead of having given the subject,
the name of Emigration,' he had not called it
The Distress of the Poorer Classes in the
United Kingdom ; and instead of addressing
.7rguments to the understanding of men, he
had not appealed to their passions ; for if he
had pursued that course, he believed the ques-
tion would have been much more attended N."
Mr. w. Hurtgn has, it seems, fallen into the

mistake of giving Country 'Gentlemen credit for
teeing farther before their nose than they actually
do. Country Gentlemen have an idea that there is
a connection betweeu the high prices of corn and
cattle and Ugh rents; and Locke informs us, that if
you " tell a country gentlewoman that the wind
is south-west, and the weather lowering, and
like to rain, she %%ill easily understand that .it is
net safe for her to go abroad thin clad, on such
ia day, after a fever ;" from which we may infer
that both Country Gentlemen and Country
Gentlewomen are net without the power of
tracing some connections. But then few
Country Gentlemen can be aware of the con-
nection between etn4cration and the ells-
tress of the poorer classes. Before A man
can be aware of the connection between
emigration and distress, he must know that men
are generally attached to the country of their
birth from a variety of causes, and can only be
impelled by the pressure or apprehension of want
to burst asuneier those ties which bind them to
their native home : that therefore emigration sup-
poses distress as a cause, and that in discussing
the question of emigration we are discussing how
far it will serve to relieve that distress. The
connection between these propositions can only
he discovered by a little reflection, and must be
supposed to be yet beyond the reach of Country
Gentlemen, or Country Gentlewomen. M.
W. Horton accuses himself of another oversight
the having addressed arguments to the under-
:standings of men, instead of appealing to their
passions

'Nam veluti Auer is absinthia tetra medente,
Cum dare conantur, priu.; oras pocula cireurn
Contingunt mellis dulci, flavoque liquore,
1.7 t puerorurn rotas improvida ludifiectur
Lahrorum tenus."

IVe can understand why a multitude are inure
likely to be led by addresses to their passions,
than by addresses to their reason ; but we can-
not understand why Mr. W. Hort i should be
eo anxious to have a numerous auettury of such
persons as cannot of themselves e eke the disco-
very that there is a connection between distress
and emigration, and require to lee dragged to his
conclusions by the bold of their passions Why
will he have all the fools on his side per fas out
nffas? Let him be thankful that they are not
arrayed against him, and reflect that, if the cheer
of a blockhead be as invigorating to a Parlia-
mentary Orator as that of a wise man, when it
is bestowed on an opponent it may have an
equally clamping influence. There was great
good sense in what Mr. Hume observed, that he
ought to follow the example of some Members,
who, when convinced themselves, never ceased
in their endeavours to bring the same Conviction
to the mind of others. Encouraged by the re-
commendation of Mr. Maurice Fitzgerald and
Mr. Hume, Mr. W. Horton is to bring the
eehject before the House on Thursday next.
Ile says he is prepared to prove that the
plan he proposed might be carried into effect
Hthout one farthing's expellee to the country.
I:Ce have our doubts as to this ; but as we wish
0 condemn no man unheard, we :shall pass no
epinion till We have heard his plan. We cannot
allow the occasion to pass without noticing an
article on the subject of emigration in the num-
her of the Quarterly Review published yester-
day, evidently from the pen of Dr. Southey. It
has all the usual characteristics of Dr. Southey's
yolitieal lucubrations, one of which is an irre-
concileable hostility between his premises and
his conclusions. In fact, Dr. Southey seems to
prepare his premises and his conclusions without
reference to each other, and we can hardly,
therefore, wonder that the former should so often
point any way rather than to the latter. Dr.
Southey informs us in this article, that " no-
thing can be more preposterous than to suppose
the increase of the people can be checked. Even
those moral and, prudential considerations which,
while the poor are miserably poor, never will be
regarded, would little tend to lessen it, could
they be made as prevalent and influential as it
is most desirable they should be. They would
render marriages less early and less improvident,
but not less numerous, nor less prolific. The better
you make men,._ the more you improve their
moral nature—the more surely will they yearn
after the enjoyment of domestic affection ; and it
is ascertained, as the result of observation (Mi-
nutes of Evidence on Friendly Societies, 1827,
p. 42) on an exteesive scale, that whether women
marry as soon as they are marriageable, or six or
seven years later, they have just as many children
in the course of a certain time. Marriages,
therefore, when prudentially deferred, would have
the excellent effect among the poor of bettering
their condition, nut not of keeping down their
cumbers. The poor arc the prolific portion of
the oeernmunity. Increase and multiply they will
aid must—it is in the order of nature and of
Providence that they should—and woe to the
nation whose institutions should strive against
that order : Our duty is to provide for this
necessary increase ; and the time is fast approach-
ing when this must be regarded as one of the
most important parts of the business of the State.
Because it has not been so regarded in time
it is 'chat the increase of population, instead
of a blessing, is to us an evil at this crisis
—.great, pressing, and all but insupportable."
—There are enigmas here which we do not
pretend to solve. If it be of no consequence,
with reference to the numbers of the people,
whether they marry early or late, how is their con-
dition to be benefited by late marriages ? The con-
dition of the lower orders is determined by the pro-
portion between their numbers and the employment
leer them. The addition to the capital of the
Tountry which could in any case be made by the
labouring classes themselves, cannot be so great
as materially to affect thcquestion. But what
is to become of the world in a short time, if the
increase of the species must always go on at the
same rate ? If it be our duty to provide for this
necessary increase, and the other nations of Eu.
rope be equally attentive to their duty, we shall
soon be unable to discharge our duty for want
of space. An Italian author has calculated, that
if ova species had increased at the American rate
for six thousand years, the earth could not con-
teaiei on its surface the number of beings, even if
they were packed as close as herrings in a barrel.
But tic Reviewer soon forgets his own doctrine
as to the ratio of increase, whets he turns to Ire.
land ; for though the English landlords cannot,if
they would, keep down the numbers of the poor,
the Irish landlords have had the greatest influence
in istcreasing the number of the poor. " For a
time,,, he says, ,'the Irish 1 gentry vied with
each other in raising ceops of thesemushroomyeter.s. The peasantry could not increase a
cid i
multiply faster than suited the present views of
their abort-sighted landlords, and the
ultimate
ones of their far-sighted priests. The landlords
had sown the dragon's teeth for the sake of a
crop of beads, to be counted at elections. Thej
had not taken into their consideration that legs
and arms also would be produced ; legs, which
would march wherever the Priest or Captain
Rock might please to give the word of com-

mand: and arms which, if employment were not
devised for them, would find work for themselves.
Becoming suddenly, as it appears, sensible of
this, they became as desirous to reduce the num-
ber of these tenants as they ever were of in-
creasing them." If the poor people increase
at the same rate, whether they marry early or not
—if their numbers ran be in no manner af-
fected by the measures of the Landholders—how
are the latter chargeable with the excess of
people beyond the means of employment ?
More emigrants have gone from Ireland to the
Colonies than from England, whilst there has
also been a constant stream of emigration, from
eland to this Island ; and yet though, accord-
ing to tho Reviewer, the rate of increase is, under
all circumstances, invariably the erne, we find
that the population of Ireland, from a million and
a half, has risen in a century to seven millions,
while that of England in the same time has not
doubled. But we have spent too much time on
these absurd inconsistencies, We contend that,
however beneficial emigration may be, in the
present state of the country, in certain places, we
ought not to make emigration a permanent part
of our system ; but to devise, if possible, such
regulations for the management of our domestic
affairs, as may prevent any vicious excess of po-
pulation. With England there can be little dif-
ficulty, because, though there has been a con-
stant emigration into it both from Ireland and
Scotland, the wages in England having till very
recently been constantly higher than either in
Scotland or Ireland yet the redundancy is
chiefly confined to the home and western coun-
ties, and is by no means so great as many ima-
gine. By a few alterations in the Law of Set-
tlement (that of Mr. Potter Macqueen is judi-
cious), and giving a power to men of property
to tax cottages for the poor, England could be
kept sound. But it is otherwise with Ire-
land. Vtre have never yet heard how England
can be secured against deportation from Ire-
land,
so long as the law remains what it is.—
It is to be borne in mind, that in many parts
of Ireland the Landholder has an interest in
keeping the number of the people excessive, for
he thereby secures to himself rent for patches of
ground which would yield nothing in England.
Sir Henry Parnell states in his evidence before
the Emigration Committee, that " where the
land is of an inferior quality, not fit for dairy
land or fattening cattle, or good sheep pasture,
of which there is a great extent in Ireland, it
is more for the interest of the landlord to re-let
it, when it falls out of lease, in small farms, than
to let it in large ones, because he will in this
way obtain a higher rent for it ; and, therefore,
I calculate that the practice of letting in small
farms will prevail until such an increase of agri-
cultural capital is acquired, that farmers shall be
able to cultivate this description of land in a bet-
ter manner." If, therefore, the nation were to
be at the expellee of conveying all the redundant
population to the Colonies, what guarantee could
we have against the immediate re-creation of the
same abusive population ? We contend that it
would be better to make the land answerable to
the poor in Ireland as in England ; and as poor-
rates would amount almost to a confiscation of
rents, from the number of poor now in existence,
we should recommend that aid be given out of
the taxes for a certain number of years.—Morn-
ing. Chronicle.

INSOLVENT DEBTOR'S COURT, NlARcit

Henry Harvy Munro was opposed by Mr.
HEATH, on behalf of Mr. Brett, tailor, of Tavistock-
street, and Mr. WILLIAms, of the Angel-inn, St.
Clement's; and Mr Widdowson, and Mr. George
Beaseley, appeared in propria persona.
The Insolvent had induced Mr. Brett to accept
two bills of exchange for 180/., in 1827, on the re-
presentation that he had married a Miss Hemming,
daughter of Captain Hemming, of the R.N., and
who was possessed of funded property to the amount
of 8001. per annum, and that Mrs. Munro was
'very ill, and she could not come to the Bank to
transfer her stock, and on these representations he
induced Mr. Brett to accept the bill► of exchange to
the amount of I_4ol.

It appeared from the evidence of Mr. Williams
that on one occasion the insolvent came and asked
him to lend him 101., as he could not go in the city,
nor to Cockburn's, his bankers, where he always
kept accounts, and in 1825 he had effects there
amounting to 10,000/. Mr. Williams believing this.
and the insolvent being in the habit of frequenting
his house, lent him the money. Shortly alter the
insolvent came, and said he had married a younglady
of 800/. per annum, and his owli fortune being 4001.;
but Mrs. Munro was very poorly at ',farrow, and if
Mr. Williams would lend him 50/. on his note
of hand, at ten days (his bankers' being closed),
it would greatly oblige him. Mr. Williams be-
lieving this, lent him the money, and the in-
solvent promised that Mrs. Munro should come to
town in a few days arid transfer her stock: A few
days afterwards, *Mr. Williams received a note from
the insolvent, stating that Mrs. Munro was very ill
and could not come to town, hoping Mr. Williams
would not present the bill at Cockburn's. Mr. Wil-
liams presented the bill, and was told that the insol-
vent had had no effects there for a considerable pe-
riod, and shortly after the insolvent was arrested; it
further appeared that Mrs. Munro was possessor of
one house at Chichester, which was mortgaged to a
large amount.

Messrs. Widdowson and Beaseley complained of
similar fraud.

Mr. HEATH this day addressed the Court at con-
siderable length, and prayed a severe judgment on
the insolvent.

Mr. COOKE was heard in reply-.
Mr. Commissioner BowEN delivered judgment.
Taking all the circumstances of the case into their
consideration, the judgment of the Court was, that
the insolvent should be entitled and receive the be-
nefit of the Act when he should have been in custody
at the suit of Mr. Brett and Mr. Williams, for
twelve calendar months, to be computed from the
date of filing his petition, for gross and false repre-
sentations.

The Court was crowded to excess during the long
investigation, which lasted nearly the whole day.

A good deal has of late been said about the
AbbE de MONTGAILLARD, and his History of France.—
The following are some anecdotes of that splenetic, violent,
and partial old man :—He lived alone, without housemaid
or cookmaid ; but he liked a good dinner. One day he
bought a truffled turkey, and ordered his porter to get it
cooked. He ate both the wings and the truffles, and then
threw the remainder into the street. "My fool of a por-
ter," said he, " no doubt supposed that I should not eat it
all. He will be rubbing his hands in expectation of his
share. What a joke to give it to the dogs !" He used to
live in a small room, exactly opposite the hotel of CAM-
BACERE3. One evening the High Chancellor was giving
a ball, while the historian was discharging his bile upon
paper. Disturbed by the noise of the festivities, he threw
up his window, and cried out, with a bitter smile, " En-
joy thyself, and strut before thy flatterers, whilst thou
may, fur thou shalt pay dear for thy fiddles. I am pre-
paring thee a page that will disturb thy repose for ever."
Several officers were feasting gaily at an ordinary in a pro-
vincial town. M. de MONTGAILLARD stepped in, arid a
young man with whom he was wont to converse freely
about the Bishops of —. At the sight of the old Ab-
bot, the guests immediately suspended their festivities ; but
he speedily set them at their ease, by saying to the person
who sat next to him—" Have the goodness to pass me the
gerkins ;" and, picking one out of the dish with his knik,
he turned to his companion, and added—" Do you know
why I take this ? Because it resembles the nose of the
Bishop, that has just been appointed to the diocese."-
41 tit eatertne.

LENT ASSIZES.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—YORK, MAftcH 24.

The commission was opened at this place on Sa-
turday last, by Mr. Justice Bayley. The calender is
heavy, and contains two cases of murder, which have
excited great attention in this county. The entry
of causes has not yet closed, but it is expected to be
numerous.

Samuel Willis was indicted for feloniously stealing,
at Doncaster, a mare, the property of Robt. Fox.
Two witnesses gave the prisoner a good character.
The Jury found the prisoner—Guilty.
The same prisoner was charged by another indict-
ment with stealing at Doncaster a horse, the property
of John Webster.

Verdict--" Guilty, Death,"
Mr. Baron lit3LLoctc informed the
pr.soner that
the law must be left to take its course. The increase
of crimes of this description was so great, that severe
measures became abSolutely necessary. He there-
fore advised him to employ the short remaining
period of hie life in making preparations for the
change which he must soon undergo.
There was a third indictment against the prisoner,
which was not tried.

John Todd was indicted for feloniously stealing,
at North Grimstone, on the 29th of August last, a
brown gelding, the property of William Wardell.
The constable who apprehended the prisoner
stated, that the prisoner acknowledged to him that
he had taken the horse out of the prosecutor's field
with the intention of only riding it a little way, as
he was very much tired at the time.
The prisoner asserted, that he had received the
horse from another man, who employed him to take
it to Houghton-le-Spring.
The Jury returned a verdict of—" Guilty."
The calendar contains the names of twelve per-
sons who are charged with horse stealing.