The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-01 00:00:00

.ARE SUN", LON i:=ON, EDNESDAY 'MORN t NG, JANUAR:ir,-'l, 1348

can it be doubted that a man of the Bishop of
Exeter's characteristic generosity and courage,
having applied his powerful mind to the discourse,
and having come to the conclusion that it
is not unsound in doctrine, would openly avow
that conclusion in vindication of a man, whom,
upon the hypothesis, he must suppose to be
treated not merely with formal but with substantial
injustice. These considerations conduct to the un-
pleasant conclusion that the Bishop of Exeter was
aware of Dr. Pusey's unsoundness in doctrine when
he permitted him to preach at Ilfracombe. Indeed,
the caution which he says he gave upon the occasion,
proves that the Bishop was aware of Dr. Pusey's un-
soundness, or, which is nearly as strong an objection
as unsoundness—the uncertainty whether he was sound
in doctrine. But the character of Dr. Pusey's doc-
trine, surely, did not depend upon the single sermon
upon which issue was taken at Oxford—because
it was most convenient to take issue upon a single
publication. Doctor Pusey has been a principal
contributor to those " Tracts for the Times" against
which the Bishop of Exeter protested with so much
eloquence and vigour : he is now occupied in preparing
for the press no less than 17 Roman Catholic religious
works in contempt of his engagement to the Bishop
of Oxford—he is so notoriously the leader of the Ito •
manising sect, that he has given to it his name. How
then would any Bishop who held the doctrine of that
sect to be a heresy, or even the occasion of a schism,
consider Dr. Pusey a person sound in doctrine ?
SHIPPING GAZETTE.—A writer in the Friend
of China has taken upon him to show that, not with-
standing we are bound by treaty to give up posses-
sion of the island of Chusan to the Chinese authori •
ties in a very brief period, it would be very desirable
if we could, somehow or other, contrive to keep
possession of that island. The Friend of China
seems to us to be talking in a strain of
very equivocal friendship. Ile says, " From
its insular position, excellent harbour, healthy
climate, and proximity to the main land of
China, Chusan possesses advantages which pecu•
liarly fit it for the, headquarters, in this part of
the world, of a great maritime and commercial
people. In all this the Friend of China fixes his eye
on the interests exclusively of a great maritime
and commercial people; which manifestly does not
form an integrant part of the population of the
Celestial Empire. He is addressing himself, lo t
to the Chinese, but to us outside barbarians; evi-
dently with a feeling to persuade us that it would
be very much to our interest to retain possession of
a piece of foreign territory, which we hold mo•
mentsrily under solemn stipulation to restore to the
rightful-owner at a prescribed period. Upon the face of
the proposition there is spread too glaring& Machiavel-
lian colouring, too palpable a tinge of the Thiess mo-
rality on the restitution of Ancona, for us to adopt the
thing at first showing, as self-evident and unquestion-
able. The very first consideration with us as a people,
the paramount duty of our Government in its relations
with that of China, are to show an unhesitating resolve to
abide strictly, even to our detriment, to the very
letter of a treaty. Is it for us to let in a limping
morality, in our public dealings with a people which
has been taught hereditarily to regard us nationally
as inferior to its own population in knowledge
and in civilization ? No ! shame be upon the base
mind which could drop a word that would leave
Chinamen ground to suppose, that we were less
scrupulous about the fulfilment of an engage-
ment, than we were jealous in the vindication of an
asserted right. In our diplomacy with this singular
people a much higher obligation rests upon us than.
that of a pertinacious pursuit of our own interest;
we have to convince a nation new to us in the freedom
of commercial intercourse, that we are a people whose
public pledge is sacred. Give up Chusan at the very
moment that you have stipulated so to do, and thee, if
mutual interests of the two nations indicate the fitness
of a permanent British settlement upon that point of the
Chinese territory, institute new negotiations with the
view to bring about such an arrangement ; but above
all things, let us not hear of retaining it permanently
as a colonial possession, on account of its pecu-
liar fitness to be the head-quarters, in that part of
the world, of a great maritime and commercial people.
We are, it is true, a great maritime and commercial
people ; and therefore the more imperative is the
obligation on our Government to show, while it
manifests on fitting occasions the greatness of our
power, that we are a nation jealous of our good
faith. 'Whatever further facilities for the extension
of our commercial dealings with the: people of China
beyond those obtained by the recent treaty may seem
requisite, we must look for them only by the free
concession of the Chinese authorities, which, it is to be
presumed, will only be led to concede them
on a fair showing of reciprocal advantages
to result from the new grant. As to the supe-
rior eligibility for commercial purposes of Chusati
above Hong-Kong, it is possible that experience
and more deliberate observation may have dis-
covered it; yet we are still inclined to hold to the
opinion that the judgment of the eminent individual
who managed the entire negotiation, and gave his as-
sent to the various stipulations, was more mature, and
confirmed by more comprehensive views, than we are
warranted in considering that of the present writer in'
the Friend of China. There are some indications in
the writing before us of a capacity which we should
say was not fully competent to embrace a wide scope
of national, or even commercial policy. The docu-
ment in question does not impress upon us the
emanation of a master-mind. It speculates too ad-
venturously on political improbabilities, draws deduc-
tions from superficial views of existing necessities, and
calculates too freely on the possible rupture of esta-
blished relations, and on the subversion of accustomed
order. And moreover the writer shows that his specu-
lations are not more firmly fixed upon the channels
through which the cash of the Celestials may here-
after be made to flow, than they are upon the
creed which they may be asked to adopt. We warn
the writer from indulging in the moinanical halluci-
nation, that traders in tea and hardware are infallible
doctors in speculative divinity. Ne sutor ultra crepi-
dam. It is possible, that as a trading station, Chusan
may be somewhat more commodious for intercourse
with the eastern and northern ports of China than
Bong-Kong; but Hong-Kong is more on the line
of established trade ; it is better adapted to that
which is, than to that which may be. Then, the
harbour of. Hong-Kong is safe, commodious, and of
easy access ; whilst that of Chusan, according to the.
reports of nautical men of sound judgment and of
long experience, who have well examined the localities,
is one of the most difficult of approach. The show-
chow waters of the entrance to Chusan harbour are
notorious to the navigators of those seas ; and have
impressed on the minds of sailors a wish to avoid them
a little more strongly than they appear to have operated
upon the nautical judgment of the Friend of China.
Of the insalubrity of Chusan for European residents,
we have not forgotten the dismal reports of our first
possession. Other proofs than those adduced by the
Friend of China of the super-eminent desirableness of
Chusan as a permanent commercial British, station,
must be adduced, before we can think it expe-
dient for our authorities to petition the Chinese
Government for leave to have a factory perhaps in the
island. In the very recent settlement of disputes,
we have solemnly acceded to certain conditions, among
which was the acceptance of Hong- Kong as a trading
station, conceded to us by the Emperor. It would be
little becoming our national dignity, and as little con-
sistent with respect to ourselves or to the parties with
whom we have been treating, for us to break out now
and say, " We won't have that, and we will have this."
Such is not the conduct of adult and cultivated minds.
Immense interests, in both countries, are now de-
pendent on the amicable prosecution of a recipro-
cally beneficial- commerce between Great Britain and
China; and the diplomatic intercourse between the
countries will demand the most ample demonstration
of mutual respect, and on our side the most marked
observance of national rights. 'We have latterly put,
forth our strength rather rudely towards an un warlike
people, as a demonstration of our power till then un-
known to them. We must not henceforth presume
to bluster with them as superiors ; but use our best
endeavours to show them that we consider them our
equals in civilisation, and entitled to the like consi-
deration with ourselves in the community of nations.
Our intercourse must he based on a reciprocity of
interests, and be cultivated under a sedulous regard
for each other's independence.

LA ‘V INTELLIGENCE.
SHERIFFS' COURT. Dec. 31.
RYLESV. GARDNER AND ANOTHER.

There were this morning two actions under this name,
in one of which Henry Ryles, in the other Charles
Ryles, was the plaintiff. In both cases the ground of
action was the same, and in both the defendants were
Win. Gisrdner and James Thompson.
In the first cage, in which Henry Ryles was the plaia
tiff, the principal witness was Charles Ryles, the plain-
tiff's father, from whose evidence it appears that he
(witness) and his son, the plaintiff in this action, have
been for some time in the employ of Mr. Ellis, a painter,
plumber, &c., in Tavistoek-street, Covent-garden, and
that on the 30th of October, 1640, they (witness and
plaintiff) had to carry two cans of linseed oil to the stall
of a salesman in Covent-garden Market, to whose father
they had - been sold. They were directed to place
them in one of the cellars under the market, and
having done so, they were accosted by the defendant
(Gardner), who is one of the clerks of the market,
and whose duty it is to take the tolls of the salesmen in
the market, and to see that the various rules of the
market are obeyed. The defendant thought that the
witness and his son had entered the cellar with some
sinister design; and not being satisfied with their exnla-
nation, he desired the defendant, Thompson, to take them
into custody ; and he, Thompson, being the beadle of
the market, took them accordingly to Bow7street Police-
office. Having been confined fur some time in the yard
at Bow-street, they were taken before a magistrate, and ,
charged by Thompson with being found in one of the
cellars of the market, being unable to give any satisfac-
tur,y account of themselves. On their explaining the
circumstance, they were at once discharged, and the de-
fendant, Thompson, admitted-that their explanation was