The Sun.
London, England, 1845-06-14 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

Tho Royal Mail Steam-ship Britannia, Captain J.
Hewitt, arrived in Liverpool yesterday, at eleven o'clock.
She left Boston on the Ist instant, and Halifax on the
3d, and has made her pasnage from land to land in ten
days. Among her passengers are Mr. Robert Owen
and Mr. N. I'. Willis. She brings New York papers to
the 31st ult. The following are extracts:—
MEXICO.

The United States brig Somers, Commander Gerry, from
Vera Cruz, whence she sailed on the 14th of May, arrived at
Pensacola on the 18th. We are indebted to the Philadelphia
Enquirer for the following extract from a gentleman at
Pensacola :
The Bill giving powers to the Mexican Minister of Foreign
Affairs to negotiate a treaty with Texas for her indepen-
dence, with a proviso that she shall not be annexed to
the United States, passed the Mexican House of Repre-
sentatives on the 2d of May, 41 to 13, and after a very
animated and warm debate, when it was sent to
the Senate, which it is believed will concur unanimously.
A report to that effect had reached Vera Cruz before the
Somers sailed, but was not confirmed. Captain Elliott, Eng-
lish " Charge" to Texas, had been in the city of Mexico some
weeks, accompanied by a Mr. Smith, Secret Agent of Texas,
having arrived from Galveston on the 11th, in the English
frigate Eurydioe. He was waiting at Vera Cruz the action of
the Senate upon this Bill, and would return to Texas in the
same frigate, upon the receipt of it. The second of this month,
Senor Canedo, formerly a Member of the Mexican Congress,
took passage from Vera Cruz in the barque Eugenia, for New
York, sent in a diplomatic capacity from the Mexican Govern-
ment to that of the United States. but his departure was not
• known till the papers of the 10th announced it. —New fork
Herald, May 30.
MEXICO, •ND THE RECOGNITION OF TEXAN INDE.
PENDENCE. —We have had rumours, says the Philadelphia Ga-
zette, of Tuesday evening, of the proposed action of Mexico, on
the question of recognising the independence of Texas, rumours,
indeed, amounting almost to certainty, but the following letter
confirms, explicitly, the whole diplomatic arrangements :
( Correspondence of the Philadelphia Gazette.)
Off Vera Cruz, May 1, 1845.
The express is just in from Mexico, bringing the important
intelligence that Mexico had agreed K. acknowledge the inde-
pendence of Texas, provided they reject annexation. England
and France guarantee the acts of the two Governments. Capt.
Elliot, commanding the British frigate Eurydice, has just ar-
rived from Mexico, and the ship sails immediately to
Galveston with the news. All the proceedings in the Mexican
Congress, now in session, evince pacific terms with the United
States, and no war need have been apprehended, annexation or
no annexation.

The American squadron, consisting of the • Potomac, Captain
Gct inn (flag ship); Falmouth, Commander Sands ; Somers,
Commander Gerry; Lawrence, Jarvis, have been at anchor
five miles from the city, for eighteen days. The Vandalia is
hourly expected.
(From the New York Herald of May 31. )
OUR FOREIGN RELATIONS.—The relations of the United
States with Mexico on the subject of Texas, are is a most com-
plicated condition. The Executive of Texas has been disco-
vered to be engaged in a secret negotiation, for the purpose of
obtaining an acknowledgment of her independence by Mexico,
through the influence of England and France, whilst the
people of that republic have been preparing for an-
nexation. The conflict between the diplomatic move-
ments of England, France, and Mexico, on one hand,
and the people of Texas on the other, will take place
in the course of a few weeks, on the meeting of the Texan
Congress. The result of that conflict it is impossible to pre-
dict. No one can tell what a burst of indignation will break
forth front amongst the people of Texas and of the United
States, on ascertaining to the full extent the nature of the in-
terference which Great Britain and France have attempted
with, regard to the affairs of this continent, in favour of
Mexico.—Whilst these diplomatists are busy in these secret
negotiations, we perceive that the people of Texas themselves
are rapidly preparing for annexation, even at the risk of a re-
volutionary movement. One thing now seems pretty certain,
and that is, that gross deception has been practised all round
upon the United States in this business.
MISSION TO ENGLAND.—The lad information on the sub-
ject is, that it was contemplated by the President to send
either Mr. Mason, of Virginia, now Attorney-General, or
Mr. Charles J. Ingersoll, of Philadelphia, Minister, to Eng-
land. This mission has been offered to Mr. Calhoun, to
Mr. Elmore, and to Mr. Pickens, and by each and all of
them it has been declined. We are somewhat inclined to
believe that Mr. Charles J. Ingersoll will be the individual
selected. But as yet nothing certain or positive is known
on the subject.
CALIFORNIA AND OREGON.—The last accounts from Ca-
lifornia state that that country has declared its indepen-
dence of the Mexican Government, and organised itself
into a republic. We understand that advices have also
been received by the Government at Washington, con-
firming, in every particular, it this interesting intelli-
gence. If such be the case, is probable that, in addi-
tion to the Texas question and the Oregon question,
we shall have a California question in a very short time.
Vast numbers of emigrants are now traversing the Western
States and crossing the rocky mountains, on their way to
Oregon ; many of them will now, doublers, be attracted
southward to California; and the probability is, that in less
than five years that young republic, with its numerous fine
harbours, its fertile soil, and its delightful climate, will also
be knocking for admission into this confederacy. Thus on all
hands plenty of work is promised, en this Continent, for the
British and French diplomatists for many years to come.
(From the New York Herald of May 31. )
STEAM-SHIP GREAT WESTERN.-.-The Great Western was
not telegraphed when this edition went to press. She has now
entered on her fifteenth day.
LATEST MOMENT.—Two mails from New Orleans arrived
this afternoon. They bring nothing further from either Texas
or Mexico.

The first of the American Ocean Line of steam-ships is now
on the stocks, and will be launched early in July. She is
called the Massachusets, and will be propelled by Ericson's
propeller.
The Money Market had not been so depressed for years.
Another great fire had occurred at Pittsburgh ; 700 persons
were burned out.

Aldermen Hughes Hughes and Challis will be put
in nomination at Guildhall, for sheriffs, for the year ensuing, on
Midsummer.day next, to whom no opposition is expected.
ALTERATIONS IN TILE POST-OFFICE, AND ACCE-
LERATION OF THE MAILS.—The elaborate alterations now in pro-
gress at the General Post-office, St. Martin's-le.Grand, are under..
stood to be only preliminary to a much more extensive acceleration
of the inland mails (both day and night) on all lines of railway.
In addition to the lately published list of towns to which mails are
dispatched from the metropolis every morning, the Postmaster-
General has ordered that Ipswich, Dursley, and Wooton.under_
Edge shall be immediately accommodated, and on the Ist of July
it is expected that several others will be added, as on that day the
general acceleration of the northern mails will take place, and the
letters from Stamtord, Grantham, Doncaster, Leeds, and York, will
be conveyed by the recently-opened branch railway, forming the
most direct line of railway to those places, and Peterborough, Lin.
coin, Sleaford, Boston, and Hull. A considerable enlargement is
about to take place, also, in the London District Post-office, the
correspondence having doubled since the introduction of the uni-
form rate of one penny. The office now used for the purposes of
the Money.order-office is intended for the district post as soon as
the new office for granting and paying money-orders can be com-
pleted.
_

- The Presse states, that on Tuesday M. Arago an-
nounced to the Academy of Sciences that M. Fage had discovered
a new comet on the 2d of this month in the constellation of

Perseus.

The Grove-terrace at Kentish-town, which in-
cludes 26 superior abodes, is to be the subject of competition in
separate lots, next Tuesday, and, it is said, without any protect.
ing price. As an investment it is very superior to any modern
buildings, the tenants are first-rate, and the houses were erected
50 or 60 years ago, before builders possessed the facalty of run-
ning up houses with a moderate supply of bricks and a plentiful
scarcity of timber. There are also some valuable improved Ground
Rents. The rental to be sold altogether exceeds 1,2004 a year.—
Mr. George Robins has fixed this peremptory sale, at the Mart,
for next Tuesday.

HERRING FISHING.—On Friday evening a few
of the Campbelton fleet of vessels, at present rendezvoused there,
ventured out to try the herring fishing, and, on the morning of
Saturday, each boat was rewarded by a take of from 500 to 700
as capital herring as ever was taken out of the sea, both as to size
and quality. A considering quantity was sold for curing, and
transmitted to Glasgow in barrels, and sold here, as new salt
herrings, at 6d. per lb. They sold on the fishing ground at 9s.
and 10s. per long hundred. A number of boxes were sent to
Greenock, of which a few were opened for retail at the fish.market,
price 2d. each, and the rest of the boxes were transmitted to Liver-
pool per steamer.—Glasgow Chronicle.
Ascor.—The Great Western Railway took down
to Slough on Thursday upwards of 8,000 passengers.
NARROW ESCAPE FROM DROWNING OF AN ETON
BOY, AND HEROIC CONDUCT OF A FELLOW.STUDENT—WINDSOR,
THURSDAY.—Yesterday evening, an Etonian, named Greenwood,
aged 16, of the upper division at Eton College, was bathing with
two other gentlemen at Boveney Lock, one of the deepest and most
dangerous parts of the river Thames, when he was observed by his
companions to have got into a dangerous worley hole, and, not
having strength to cross it, was taken round by the stream, and
was about to sink from exhaustion. One of the gentlemen,
named Luttrell, immediately swam to shore, for the purpose
of pushing a punt off to his assistance, and the other, Mr.
Codrington, boldly swam to him, and succeeded in laying
hold of his companion, when both sank together. Codring.
ton fortunately extricated himself from the grasp of his now almost
lifeless companion, and on coming to the surface of the water ob-
served that he had again risen, and, notwithstanding his perilous
situation, again swam to his assistance, and succeeded in catching
hold of him as he was in the act of sinking. One of the watermen,
who are placed in this part of the Thames by the college authori-
ties, fortunately came up at this Juncture, and succeeded in bring.
ing both to shore. Surgeons Clark and Soley shortly afterwards
arrived, and administered the necessary restoratives, and in the
course of the evening Greenwood was so far recovered as to be re-
moved to his dame's house (Mrs. Horsford's), but in a very ex.
Intuited state,