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NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The steady success and increasing prosperity of the Society has
enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a
second Bonus, averaging 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each
Policy effected on the Profit scale.

PUBLICATIONS.

MURRAY'S HOME AND COLONIAL LIBRARY.
On August 31st, No. XII., post Bvo., 2s. 6d.,
THE LIVES of OLIVER CROMWELL and
JOHN BUNYAN. By ROBERT SOT THEY, LL.D.
John Murray, Albemarle-street.

EXAMPLES.

R *
b.. co ...4 ,7,
it 9 h:i 0 se o'
gag 9 r•• ...q 9 Now ready, Nos. I. to IX. of
i-, Beans Bonus in
oR = Premium. ] 2 0W . =
:.1 p c added. Cash. —C:7 sA ~- ::c, ,A 5
a,l ..(4 04 5 The Last New. Novel,
The Last New Play,
' P. The Last New Book of Travels,
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.f X s. d. ' 1 £ a. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ a. de The Last New Music,
11837 170 9 3 77 5 1 12 3 9 346 2 3 the best of the Old, and the newest of the New, in Literature, the
60111000 74 2 4 1638 144 2 2 64 8 6 916 4 29G 13 4 Arts, axd Science ; with a fearless commentary on Men and Things,
1839 116 16 0 51 811 711 9 247 4 6 and a faithful reflex of the Spirit of the Passing Hour. Sixteen
Quarto pages. Price'Three Half-pence. Part 11. will be ready with
The division of profits is anneal, and the next will be made in ,De- the Magazines, price Eightpence-halfpenny, containing more matter
camber of the present year. than an Octavo volume.

The division of profits is anneal, and the next will be made in De-
cember of the present year.
This institution offers many important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benetts, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other convenionces or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Sec.

DISEASED AND HEALTHY LIVES
ASSURED.

MEDICAL, IN VALID, and GENERAL LIFE
OFFICE, 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON.

TRUSTEES.
Charles Hopkinson, Esq., Regent-street.
Sir Thomas Phillips, Temple.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L., Doctors' Commons.'
DIRECTORS.
Edward Doubleday, Esq., 249,
Great Surrey.strect.
George Gun Hay, Esq., 127,
Sloane-street.
J. Parkinson, Esq., F.R.S., SO,
Cambridge-terrace, Hyde.park.
Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S.,
17, Wimpole.street.

C. Richardson, Esq., 19, Bru-
ton.street, Berkeley.square.
Thomas Stevenson,Esq., F.S. A.,
37, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Robert Bentley Todd, M.D.,
F.R. S., 26, Parliamen tstreet.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C. L.,

AUDI'
John Pursord, Esq., 7, York- I
terrace, Regent's-park.
Joseph Radford, Esq., 27, I
Cambridge terrace, Hyde-
park.

Doctors' Commons.
!TORS.
IJ. Stirling Taylor, Esq ,
14, Upper Gloucester-place,
Dorset-square.
Martial L. Welch, Esq.. Wynd-
hana-place Bryanston.square.
STANDING CouttsEL---John Shapter, Esq., Lincoln's Inn.
BANEERs—Messrs. C. Hopkinson and Co., Regent-street.

SOLICITORS—Messrs. Richardson and Smith, 28, Golden-square.
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL STATISTICS—WiIIiam Farr, Esq.,
General Register Office.
ACTUARY—F. G. P. Neison, Esq.

This Office is provided with very accurately constructed tables,
by which it can assure unsound lives on equitable terms.
Similar tables enable the Society to grant increased annuities on
unsound lives, the amount ♦arying with the particular disease.
Members of consumptive families assured at equitable rates.

Healthy lives are assured on lower terms than at most other
offices.

The first Life Assurance Society eommenced business in 1705,
and the principles of life contingencies, understood at that time to
a very limited extent only, have repeatedly undergone important
changes and improvements; but till the establishment of this So.
ciety in 11541 no attempt had ever been made to assure the lives of
persons who suffer from disease.
The science of statistics has only within a recent period been
successfully applied to the duration and mortality of disease, and
hence tables on the probability of these results could not have been
formed ; and it would evidently have been unsafe and hazardous
for any society to have undertaken the risk of assuring the lives of
persons afflicted with any particular malady. The statistical in.
formation, however, now collected, and in possession of this office,
is of so great an extent as fully to warrant the extension of life
assurance to such cases, and, in fact, to place the application of life
assurance on diseased lives on a mere secure basis than even that
on healthy lives.

It is hoped that while kept clearly in view that this Society, in
common with other offices, will assure the lives of healthy persons,
it is as yet the only one established to assure the lives of persons
labouring under disease; and to this latter feature particular atten-
tion is directed.
In the first place, because it opens a larger field for business than
all other offices can have unitedly; and in the
Second place, because that branch of assurance must, from its
own nature, be less hazardous, and its principles rest OR a more
permanent foundation.
These are two highly important facts, and we shall enter into an
explanation of each and first, as to the prevalence of disease.
The period of hid most important to an assurance office is that be-
tween 15-60 yeats of age, and in the following remarks we refer
exclusively to this period of life.
It will be found that the deaths in the metropolis for the two
years preceding 1842 were, from all causes, 30,518 ; and from
consumption alone, 10,688 ; showing that more than one-third of
the total deaths in that period of life takes place from the preva-
lence of a single disease ; and if the same inquiry were instituted
with respect to other diseases, such as asthma, dropsy, diseases) f
the head, heart, &c., it would be found that more than one-half
of the whole population would, on medical examination, be refused
admission into an assurance office. If the inquiry be carried to
the principal towns in England, like facts are elicited—in Bir-
mingham, Liverpool and Manchester, the deaths from all causes,
per annum, are about 5,023, while those from consumption are
1,988, forming considerably more than one-third of the whole. The
same thing will be found to hold good in the large towns in Scot-
land, in six of which the deaths in a given period, from all causes,
amounted to 23,078, those from consumption alone to 6,359, and
from six important diseases, 9,754 ; in the latter case forming more
than 42 per cent. of the deaths from all causes. On reference to
the returns from the city of Glasgow for 1836-1840 It will be
found that the deaths in that period, from all causes, were 14,107,
from consumption 4,087, and a list of five diseases, 6,423, being
more than 45 per cent. of the deaths from all causes.
The diseases here alluded to are such as exist in general in a
chronic form, frequently for many years prior to death, but which,
en a strict medical examination, would effectually exclude the
persons so affected from the benefits of life assurance ; and since
it thus appears that a majority of the population is included in this
class, the value and importance of the new feature of this society
cannot fail to be Justly appreciated.
The second point to be explained is the fact that there is
much less risk in assuring diseased lives. This is a feature of
paramount and vital importance to the interests of this society, and
deserves to be carefully considered.

The real risk incurred in all assurance transactions consists in
the chance to which an office is liable of experiencing a different
degree of mortality from that expected by the tabjes on which its
caculations are founded. This difference is termed the fluctuation
of mortality, and will be found to be much less among diseased
lives than over the general population, and among selected lives.
The deaths from consumption in the metropolis per annum are
sufficienily near the annual number which takes place in Glasgow,
from all causes, to admit of a comparison, and by reducing the
matter to figures it is found that while the fluctuation per annum
in the latter case is as high as 45 per cent., in the former it is only
9 per cent., or, in other words, the fluctuation of mortality in
consumption was only one.fifth of the other; and in Manchester,
Liverpool, and Birmingham, even with the disadvantage of
smaller numbers, the fluctuation does not exceed 3 per cent.,
showing a remarkable uniformity in the law which determines the
mortality of this disease, and that it is more positive and absolute
in its results than that which regulates the general population.
Consumption has here been selected, not because it was consi-
dered more favourable in its results, but simply on account of the
larger numbers affording a more satisfactory proof of the question
under consideration; but the same test has been app.ied to a great
number of other diseases, and like results obtained. Among nine
diseases in the metropolis, including asthma, dropsy, rheumatism,
disease of the liver, of the heart, of the nervous system, &c., the
fluctuation was only 7i per cerd., and in rive diseases in a different
district the fluctuation was about 7 per cent., while among eleven
in another locality, and even with small numbers, the fluctuation
did not exceed 6.2 per cent. ; and taking the principal towns in
England, including Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Leeds,
Sheffield, &c., the fluctuation over eleven of the more important
diseases was 6•4 per cent.
The remarkable uniformity in these results cannot fail to pro-
duce a conviction of the positive character of the law of mortality
in disease; indeed, there seems to be nothing within the whole
range of the doctrine of probabilities so well defined as the mor-
tality of diseased lives. The mortality of the general population
has frequently been referred to by writers as an example of the cer-
tainty of common events, but the preceding remarks must show with
how much greater certainty the mortality of diseased lives can be
depended on.
It is perhaps right to state, that, in applying the test of
fluctuation to disease, it has not been confined to one place or
class of lives, but has been extended to the principal towns in
England and Scotland, as well as many rural districts in Eng-
land, and included the experience • one or two large societies of
select lives. This has afforded an opportunity of judging of the
effects of locality and its sanatory condition on the duraticn of
life, and a remarkable fact has thus been developed, viz.,
that the value of life generally is much greater in the coun-
try districts than lit large cities; but that of those persons
who suffer from disease the value of life is nearly the same. As
an example of this—the expectation at the age of 30 in the country
districts is 36.7 years; in cities (viz., Glasgow) 27.6 years—diffe-
ranee 33 per cont, nearly; but take the case of persons of that
age in whom the consumptive tendency is developed, and who will
ultimately die of consumption, and their expectation of life in the
counties of Essex, Suflolk, and Norfolk, will be found to be 14'5,
in cities (Glasgow) 14.4, and in the metrepolis, Manchester, Bir-
mingham, 13'9 ; difference 'Ol7 per cent. (or 1.57 per cent.) It
therefore appears that while the difference between country and
town life in the former case is about 33 per cent., that in the latter
instance (consumption) the difference is almost nothing, and the
results nearly uniform. The same thing holds good with some
other diseases, which have been investigated in this manner. This
fact, although not generally understood, is only what might have
been expected by a careful consideration of the conclusion formerly
arrived at—that the fluctuation of the law of mortality in disease
is confined within a very narrow limit, and consequently little In-
fluenced by external circumstances.
Ithence appears that the fluctuation in the mortality of diseased
lives is much less than among select lives and the population gene-
rally, and therefore the risk of assuring diseased lives must also be
less.
To apply this conclusion to the affairs of an assurance office, it
may be stated, that supposing the number of lives in a society,
taking only select lives, was such that the table of mortality would
indicate 100 deaths per annum, it would be necessary to have
always sufficient funds at immediate command to meet 145 deaths;
on the other hand, an office assuring only diseased lives need not
provide for more than 109 deaths per annum; that is to say, the
risk of assuring diseased lives is to that of average lives as 9 to 45,
or only one.flfth. This fact is highly important to the interests of
this Society, and establishes beyond doubt the safety and correctness
of the principles on which it is founded.
For further information, reference is made to the prospectuses
and other published documents of the Society, which may be ob.
tatned on application at the Society's offices.

F. CI, P. NELSON, Actuary.

Office, 10, Bolt-court, Fleet-street, where select advertisements
will be received.

DR. SILVER ON PILES, FISTULA, &c.
Just published, bound in cloth, price 55., ; by post Is. 6d. extra.

014 the CURE of iiISIEASES of the
RECTUM and ANUS; particularly Prolapsus, Piles, Fistula,
Iltemorrhoidal Tumours, Excrescences, Ulcers, and Strictures,
WITHOUT CUTTING or CONFINEMENT ; illustrathg the origin
WO progress of these diseases, and the success of the Author's mode
of treatment in numerous cases, The whole embellished with Plates
from Nature. By E. D. SILVER, 3f.D., Physician Accoucheur.
Sold by Sherwood and Co., 137, Strand ; J. 011ivier, 59, Pall-mall ;
Maclaclilan, Stewart, and Co., Edinburgh ; Fannin and Co., Dublin ;
and also by the Author, No. 70, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury-
square, London.

REMOVED FROM BIRMINGHAM TO LONDON.
Just published, price 2s. 6d., and free by pest (in a sealed envelope)
Price 3s. 6d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
Human Frailty and Physical Decay, its causes, and the
baneful effects of excessive indulgence and infection, illustrated
by engravings, with observations on Marriage, and directions for
the removal of certain disqualifications.

By R. and L. PERRY and CO.
Published by the Authors, and sold at their Residence, 19, Berners.
street, Oxford-street ; also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Purkis,
Compton-street, Soho ;• Noble, 109, Chancery-lane, Crocker, t,
Milford-lane, Strand ; Ward, Strand (opposite Exeter-hall) ; Wil-
son, 358, Oxford street (two doors from Argyle-street); Phillips,
264, Oxford-street; J. Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London;
Guest, 51, Bull-street, Birmingham; and by all Booksellers In
Town and Country.
The CORDIAL BALM of SYRI ACUM is exclusively directed
for the cure of nervous and muscular debility, impuissance, &e.
Price Ils and 13s. per bottle. Sold by all Medicine Vendors, of
whom may be had the " Silent Friend." The Five Pound Cases
may be had as usual.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS are the most effectua
cure for syphilis and secondary symptoms in both sexes, price 2s. 91.
4s. 6d., and 11s. per box.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 1/. A minute detail of cases is ne-
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for Consultation, at
their residence, 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Londcn, from
Eleven till Two, and Five till Eight, and on Sundays from Ten till
Twelve. One personal visit only is necessary to effect a permanent cure

LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, AND ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c.
" He who in pleasure's downy arms
Ne'er lost his health or youthfli lcharms,
A hero lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me behold a man I"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price Its. 6d.,
or sent by post, free, to any address, Ss. 6d..
IELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on
these concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses,
and terminating in Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, and all those Sinking., Anxieties, and Tremors, which
afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for
their perfect Restoration.
tly SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon,
9, BEM ORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecary's Hall, London,Sze.
" The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in-
herent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented
through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such,
among others, this Essay addresses itself; and by its perusal many
questions may he satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even
to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette.
" The design of this work will be tolerably obvious from its title,
and we cordially recommend the author and his book to all who are
tattering front nervous debility and general weakness."—WakeSeld
Journal.
Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and
Paternoster-row; Starie, 23, Tlchberne-street, Quadrant, Regent
street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery-
lane; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Three. and from Five till Eight.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.

GLOBE.—On Friday we communicated the grati-
fying intelligence that her Majesty contemplates an
early visit to her Irish subjects. We added, upon the
same well-informed authority, that in the event of
the decision of the House of Lords being against
the defendants, and the judgment on which they are
incarcerated consequently affirmed, that the Royal
visit would he deemed a fit opportunity for extend-
ing to them the clemency of the Crown, by a remis-
sion of the portion of the sentence then unfulfilled. We
are gratified to find that similar information to
that we communicated has been received in Dublin,
where it is regarded as true. The anticipated release
of O'Connell and his co-agitators is, of course, a sub-
ject on which the Irish journals express themselves
in terms of praise or blame, accordingly as the poli-
tical party to which they are respectively attached
are favourable to coercion or conciliation. The
Evening Mail deprecates any such act of clemency;
and positively raves, in maniac phrase, at the bare
idea of such a course. To release O'Connell by an
act of royal grace and favour, would, in the opinion
of this consistent organ of Orangeism, be fraught with
the most calamitous consequences to Ireland. The
royal prerogative of mercy would be prostituted—
the Queen's royal title and dignity would be dis-
honoured—the public peace would be perilled—and
the interests of Protestantism be injured, if not de.
stroyed !—The Repeal journals are equally disap-
pointed at the prospect of this hea7 blow and great
discouragement to agitation. The release of
O'Connell, by an act of the royal will, would go
far to neutralise the virus of disaffection. The
generous spirit of the Irish people would recog-
nise in the Queen the deliverer of the most
popular of her subjects in that part of her do-
minions. The law having decided that the proceed-
ings of the Association were illegal, the dissolution of
the repeal confederacy would follow. Gratitude for
an act so signally appropriate in connexion with the
royal visit to Ireland, would effect more than a hun-
dred proclamations would be able to secure. The
mandate of authority may compel a temporary external
obedience. The impulse of generous feeling not merely
prompts to an abandonment of acts which the law
threatens with punishment. It tenders the loyalty of the
heart, and is a better security for obedience than fear,
though fear be produced by the presence of an armed
host. Such, we believe, would be the result of this well-
timed act of conciliation. At all events it is worth
trying. If it succeed, the recollection of it will
be sweet. It will be " twice bless'd " the do-
nor and the recipients would, in their relative posi-
tions, be advantaged by the deed. The Times
adopts a similar view, and recommends the course
as one well calculated to strengthen the public safety
by conciliating the people :—" After the judges have
delivered judgment, and affirmed the conviction
of the conspirators, her Majesty's royal clemency
will then, it is said, exert itself; and the royal visit be
a signal for their release. This course seems a digni-
fied and consistent one. The majesty of the law has
been vindicated by the conviction of the prisoners,
and by the temporary confinement they have had.
The meetings are suppressed, and Ireland is tranquil.
A continuance of the imprisonment would have the
appearance of vindictiveness rather than of justice ;
while the generous release of the Irish leaders will
cripple their powers afterwards, and put them so much
the more in the wrong in case of any future outbreak."
STANDARD.—Our anticipation of the effect that
would be produced in France by the Tangiers corre•
spondence of a morning Contemporary, has been fully
verified, and our impression of the fallacy of the
statements which it contained, as completely con-
firmed. The Paris journals received this morning
comment, almost without an exception, in terms of
natural indignation upon those letters, and the re-
marks by which public attention was directed to
them. " If the writers," says the Journal des
Debuts " had confined themselves to criticis-
ing die operations of the French squadron,
the orders of the admiral, the manoeuvres
of the ships, or the inaccuracy of their gunnery,
there might have been permitted so inoffensive a
gratification of their ill-humour; but to accuse a
French Admiral, French officers, and in fact, the
French navy, of cowardice, was, indeed, contempti-
tible." The Debuts asserts with justice that neither
the British Government, nor a very great majority
of the British people, have the slightest sympathy
with the authors of such mischievous attacks.
Indeed, the anxiety displayed by a large and
respectable portion of the British press to disclaim
the slightest participation in such attacks has
been received as evidence how much they have
been condemned in this country. Several of our
Paris Contemporaries, judging from the style of the
letters, appear to have inferred that they were not
written by naval officers. The use of the editorial
plural personal pronoun by one, and the designation
by another of his letter as his "article," would eel--
tamly appear to have favoured such a conclusion.
The confusion between the language of naval and
military men supplied an Additional argument

against their authenticity; for although the im-
pression conveyed by the words " another officer,"
prefixed to a communication which is immediately
preceded by a letter headed " From a Naval Officer,"
would imply that the whole of the letters were from
officers of that arm of the service, such is not pre-
tended to have been the fact ; and however erroneous
our belief, arising from the internal evidence supplied
by their style, that they were of home production, we
were not far wrong in assuming that they were not
the productions of sailors. The Journal des Debate
publishes a letter from a French naval officer, which
affirms that " the ignorance of naval manoeuvres
in these letters" forbids the belief that they
were written by naval officers, so that we were
not singular in our opinion on the subject. All
that now can be said is, that they must have been
the productions of very young officers, whether
naval or military ; or their authors would have
known their duty better than to have given cir-
culation to representations which, setting aside
the insulting language in which they are couched,
are in all important particulars unfounded.
One of the charges brought against the Prince
de Joinville in these letters is, that he was deficient
in daring in not having advanced nearer the town
than 800 yards. The letter of the French officer,
to which we have already referred, states a fact that
fully confirms the opinion we expressed on Wed-
nesday last, and which must have been, or ought
to have been known to every officer, military
or naval, connected with the British squadron.
Previously to taking up his position, the Prince
had had the channel for his ships carefully buoyed
out, in order that he might place them as close to
the works as the depth of water would allow ; when
it was discovered that it was impossible for
them to take up their position nearer than
some 800 yards. The flag-ship, indeed, is said
to have had only five feet water beneath
her keel during the bombardment ! That this sta-
tion, however, was sufficiently cicse to be one of
considerable danger, may be gathered from the fact,
confessed by the " Naval Officer" of the Times,
that the Suffren received fifty cannon shots in her
hull ; and surely the deliberation with which the
squadron took its station, in the face of an enemy
who, according to these authorities, might have
destroyed the greater part of it during the opera-
tion, would, if shown to be imprudent, reflect any-
thing but discredit on the boldness of the move-
ment. The fact appears to have been, that the
Moors permitted the French ships to take up their
position unmolested, in the belief that the shallow-
ness of the water would protect them from too near
an approach. It cannot be doubted that it was the
duty of the Prince to profit by this delusion, a
blunder which enabled him to bring up his force at
his leisure. Of what consequence was it that, in exe-
cuting this manoeuvre, some of the ships may have
been placed in a raking position if he was satisfied that
the enemy had no intention of firing upon them, lest
they should divert him from the difficulty into which
they supposed him to be hastening? So much for the
imputations on the daring and nautical experience of
the French Admiral. Equally unfounded would
seem to be the account of these green-eyed " naval
officers," of the ineffectiveness of the French fire.
The fortifications of Tangiers, instead of being, as
was affirmed, only slightly injured, were, in most
instances, reduced to ruins, and the guns dismounted.
The total destruction of the town formed no part of
the intentions or instructions of the Prince.

LONDON PEACE SOCIETY.

Memorial of the London Peace Society on the affairs
of Morocco, Hayti, and Otaheite.
To the Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel, Bart , First
Lord of the Treasury; the Right llon. the Earl of
Aberdeen, Secretary of State for the Foreign De-
partment ; and the other Right Hon. Members of
her Majesty's Government.
The Memorial of the Committee of the London Peace
Society,
Showeth,—That your memorialists are fully per•
suaded that war is repugnant to the spirit and ptinci-
pies of the Christian religion, subversive of the true in-
terests of mankind, and as unnecessary as it is una-
vailing as a mode of settling international differences.
That whilst your memorialists regard with pecu-
liar satisfaction the continuance of peace among the
nations of Europe, they are deeply and painfully af-
fected by the hostilities which at the present time pre-
vail in some other parts of the globe ; especially in
the empire of Morocco, the island of Hayti in the
West Indies, and the island of Otaheite in the
Southern Pacific.

That your memorialists as the Committee of a
Society whose sole object is the promotion of perma-
nent and universal peace, abstain from expressing any
opinion on the political questions supposed to be at
issue at these various regions ; but they venture re-
spectfully and earnestly to press upon the Right
Honourable Members of her Majesty's Government,
the importance of employing (as your memorialists
thankfully acknowledge that they have often and
successfully done) their best efforts by argument and
persuasion, founded on principles of true reason and
policy, as well as on benevolent and religious con-
siderations, to put a speedy determination to these
distressing circumstances, with a full regard to strict
justice towards all the parties who are variously con-
cerned in them.

And your memorialists venture further to express
their earnest desire and hope, that the entire pro-
ceedings of her Majesty's Government may be such
as shall promote a peaceable spirit and conduct among
all classes of British subjects; and minister no just
ground of offence, either to the great and mighty
nations of Europe, or any of those States which, in
some respects, may be esteemed more feeble and less
important, but whose natural rights are equally sacred
and inviolable, and dear to themselves ; and whose
very weakness, in a political point of view, claims for
them the sympathy and moral assistance, and protec-
tion Of the more powerful nations of the world, and
especially of Great Britain.
And your memorialists will ever pray, &c.
N.B. A similar memorial was sent at the same time
to his Majesty the King of the French; both of which
have been favourably received, and duly ac-
knowledged.

PEEL'S ~ PILOT BALOON."

It was clear, on the evening when Sir Robert Peel,
in the course of the debate brought on by Mr.Villiers's
motion on the corn-laws, pledged himself, in plainer
terms than is his wont, to stand by the sliding-scale
as it is at present constituted, that the country
gentlemen were not altogether satisfied. Either
there was something in the matter or the manner
of the Minister which engendered doubts of his sin-
cerity at the very time when he appeared to be most in
earnest; and it is clear, from their organs of the press,
that such feelings have been on the increase among
them ever since. They have a strong conviction on
their minds that their honest leader is busily at work
preparing a mine beneath their feet, although it is
still a problem to them when and how it may be
sprung; and, for our part, we think that there is
decidedly room for such doubts when we look at
what is going forward at some of the agricultural
meetings. Our readers will probably recollect the
name of Mr. Christopher, once the too famous Mr.
Dundas, of Ipswich, who earned for himself the sou-
briquet of Peel's " Pilot Balloon" immediately after
the last election. The circumstances were these :
Amongst the loudest of the hustings pledge-givers to
stand by the then corn-laws was this Mr. Christopher
He had even the calm effrontery—it was effrontery
in a man who derives all his standing in society
from having been lucky enough to marry a good
fortune—to tell his constituents that, if Sir Robert
Peel dared even to breathe a hint against the corn-
laws, down he should go again into private life with-
out ceremony. Well, this cool gentleman was elected
by the farmers, who were taken in by his matchless
intrepidity. He was sent to Parliament to watch
over the Tory Ministry, and to put it out, like a
farthing rushlight, should it ever look treason at the
corn monopoly. Not many months, however, elapsed
before Mr. Christopher again made his appearance
among the rural swains. What, in the meantime,
had passed between him and the Premier, what he
had said to Sir Robert, and what Sir Robert had
said to him, no one knows ; but, at all events, he as-
tonished the farmers, at this second meeting, by prophe-
sying of things to come, and assuring them that they
would not be so bad, after all, for the agricultural inte-
rest. Hence his name of " the Pilot Balloon," inasmuch
as the event, when Parliament again met, amply jus-
tified the surmise, launched at the moment by the
Times newspaper, that Mr. Christopher was commis-
sioned by Sir Robert Peel, who, from the prefer-
ments showered upon his family, it is certain, had
taken a strong liking to hail, anti had a very high opi-
nion of his judgment, to prepare the way among the
country gentlemen and their tenantry for the changes
which he was proposing. But what of all this ?
Who is Mr. Christopher, that we should so long
dwell upon the doings of such a nil in public estima-
tion ? Only this. When we see a shadow, we fancy
that the substance to which it belongs cannot be far
off. When we hear the howling of the jackal, we
expect that the roaring of the lion will presently'
begin. Mr. Christopher has again been talking, and
in a style which makes us believe that he is again the
avant courier and " utensil" of his worthy
master. He is reported to have made the fol-
lowing ominous remark at the Horncastle agricul-
tural meeting, held last week :—" Improvements
like those which this society promoted had reduced
the price of wheat in forty years thirty per cent.,
leaving as good a profit to the cultivator as at the
higher rate. This was the true way of promoting
the welfare of all classes, which hurried and ex-
travagant legislation could never do." This is to be
" the ticket," good Mr. " Pilot Balloon," is it ?
Sir Robert is presently, to tell the agriculturists,
that the time for a further change is at last
arrived; that, judging of the future by the past, and
calculating what improvements in agriculture can do
by a reference to what they have effected, the British
cultivator will be able still, as Mr Christopher says,
with fair profits, to sell his corn at such reduced
prices that he need not fear the competition of
foreigners. The wind points in that direction,
we feel sure, and, before long, we shalt see the
great "monster balloon" borne along by the same
current in which "the pilot" is now sailing. Mr.
Christopher is not a very clever person, but he has
just small cunning enough not to commit himself to
such things as we have quoted without having some-
body at his back to bear him through all scrapes
into which his valorous marching in the van of Mi-
nisterial tergiversation and treachery might lead him.
We cannot say of the parties now before us, that
Ulysses spoke, but Minerva prompted. We must
rather put it, Christopher found the words, but Peel
inspired the thoughts.—Liverpool Albion.

A Trieste letter states that the Austrian frigate,
the Bellona, had arrived at that port on the 13th from
Smyrna. As it was known that .Admiral Bandiera was
on board, a number of persons made a point of going to
visit him, and expressing all the interest they took in
his late loss.

" THE DUEE."—A veteran officer of the Peninsu-
lar war, and native of the town of Dunbar, applied lately
to his old commander, the Duke of Wellington, for pro-
insition to his son, who had served a considerable time
as ensign in the Regiment of Foot. In his letter
he reminded the Duke of some particular action when
he had signalised himself—in fact, fought many of their
battles o'er again. By return of post he received a letter,
regretting that it was not in his Grace's power to meet
his wishes at the present time, as there were no vacan-
cies, but to be assured that nothing would afford him
more gratification than to serve an old friend. The
Duke kept his word, for in two posts after he received
another letter, intimating his son's promotion to a Lieu-
tenancy in Regiment of Foot. Instances of this
kind (which, we believe, are numerous), should be told.
They are certainly as honourable to his Grace as they
are creditable to the officers who receive and deserve
them.—Edinburgh Evening Post.
WHAT IS A MAN'S BODY WORTH.—This question
was put by the Secondary, on Friday, in the course of
a trial which took place before him, under the following
circumstances :—A surgeon of the name of Buchanan,
residing at Rateliff-cross, brought an action against a
a person of the name of Clark, to recover a sun of about
41. for surgical attendance and medicine. As the money
was not forthcoming, the plaintiff's solicitor sent his
clerk with a copy of a writ, when Mr. Clark candidly
said to him, " It is of no use your leaving me the copy
of a writ, for I have two executions now in the house,
and my body is all you can have." The Secondary,
upon this, asked the plaintiff's attorney what was now
the value of a man's body ? it seemed that they were
only going to a great expense for nothing. The at-
torney said he feared such was the case, but the action
had been commenced when the new law came into ope-
ration. In the same case a certificate was produced by
the beadle of the Apothecaries' Company, in order to
show Mr. Buchanan's right to practise, and upon which
the Secondary observed a very unusual endorsement, and
inquired what it meant. The beadle said it was an
authority to practise in the city of London. The Se
condary thought all certificates were the same. The
beadle said that certificates generally did not give per-
'mission to practise nearer than ten miles of London, but
the endorsement could be obtained upon the payment of
a fee. The Secondary smiled at the business-like
habits of the Apothecaries' Company, and the matter
ended.

AFFGIIANISTAN REPTILES.—During the rainy
season we were much annoyed by the number of snakes
and rats which infested our bungalows. These vermin
absolutely swarmed in every apartment. The snakes were
of the most poisonous description, and, of course, exceed-
ingly dangerous. I killed several in my bed-room ; and
my wife was much alarmed two or three times by the
appearance of a large cobra di capello in her bath-room.
The venomous reptile used to come in through the drain
which was made for carrying off the water, and she
therefore desired the ayah to stop the aperture up. This
was done; but a day or two afterwards, on going to
take the customary morning bath, she was much fright-
ened by the appearance of the snake standing erect, with
his hood extended, in a corner of the room. On bear-
ing her scream, I rushed to the place, and soon with a
stick dispatched the intruder. The opening of the drain,
it appeared, had been partially stopped up by small
to
squeeze himself through. IN hen inside, he had
pieces of brick; but the reptile had still managed
and swallowed a musk-rat, which so considerably
retreat by
in-
creased his bulk that he could not mare
his
and thus
the small hole through which he hadt s
seldom that an
entered,
lost his life through his gluttony.
i
European is bitten, although instances ca
of very narrowught
.. The common
d'w
thati i will sc utthtliee and
servantsscramble
ha d
escapes are constantly occurrr.grifgru
bts the musk-rats.]
rats are nearly as great a PI
they b ,
}their gambols.
about the house, disturbing everybody .
During
naturallyw hol
also, are most daring, and quite in
Their depredations,
rememberonceat
Ghazeepore,
the wholesale line. I
taking off my coat
and accoutrements a review,
after
and throwing them down. on a sofa. From among the
As the natives are A fondofsilk
things a silk handkerchief and my dress -sash were
speedily missing.
enisguhstpecte'cry
articles,
stolen them; and, accordingly, they were apprised that,
if the missing things were not found, their wages would
be stopped to replace them. Some days after this oc-
currence I discovered a rat-hole through the false screen
in front of the fireplace, and, on removing it, found not
only the missing handkerchief and sash, but about half-
a-dozen napkins and towels, which bad been lost from
time to time. These were all evidently carried thither
and made into a bed by the rats. They must have taken
the towels from off a wooden horse in my dressing-room,
and dragged them across two other apartments to their
hiding-place,—.Lieut. Greenwood.