The Sun.
London, England, 1826-12-30 00:00:00

firms these observations. While the Spanish Government
is entering into pacific engagements, Spain has risen, and
is in a flame. A letter from Madrid of the 14th, publish-
ed by the Indichleui• of Bordeaux, a well-infornied Jour-

nal; iinnOunces thatthe Convents situated near the frontiers
of Portugal are converted into manufactories of attnii; into

magazines of clothing and accoutrements, and into. ar-
senals. It is added, that the clergy lavish gold in the pro-
vince of Galicia and Salamanca, to obtain recruits and

swell the ruhkd of the Portuguese insurgents. Now treat
With the GbVerninent of such fl cdtititifi

(From the Quotidienne.)
Two eciuriers.from Spain have arrived at the office of
the Minister for Foreign Affairii.
Yesteiday Morning the telegraph Of Bayonne was long
at work, and yet the evening Ministerial Journal observes)
the most profound silence; it merely tries to cast doubt
on the occupation of Oporto and Coimbra.
\Ve guarantee to our readers the authenticity of the de-
tails ebntailiOd in our last buflrtini Wti will add, that the
insurrection which broke oat at Lamego, at the beginning
of December, had extended to Vises, one of the principal
cities of Upper Beira. It was on the 6th that Visen de-
clared apmst the Regency: This event was announced
to the Codes at Lisbon on the sitting of the 12th,

Viseu being only fifteen or eighteen leagues from Coim-
bra, It may be conceived that only a few days were ne-
cessary to make this latter city follow the example of the
other. nut the spirit of the people in Portugal is so de-
cidedly opposed to the new order of things, that but for
the presence of the English fleet in the Tagus, it is ptd-
bable that the inhabitants of Liibon would have already
answered to the signal given by those of Coimbra, Viseu,
and Latino.
An idea of the fears conceived by the Regency, of the
dispositions of the capital, may be found frottt the Police
Ordinance published on the 12th, prohibiting all assem-
blages in the streets and squares, by night and by day.
What shall we think of the state of a city in which such
measures are necessary ?
(From the Journal des Deigns of Wednesday.)
• We are assured that in the secret committee a general discus-
sion arose on the affairs of Portugal. M. de Villele, it is said,
confirmed, by fresh explanations, the speech delivered in the
Chamber of Peers by' the Minister for Foreign' Affairs ; and he de-

dared that all the Powers were agreed in allowing England to act
as she had done. MM. Machin, de Vauhlane, de Beautnont, de
Martignac, Agier, Hyde de Neuville, anti Sebastiani, spoke. M.
de Villele ascended the tribune twice. All the Ministers were in
their places.

The debate on the Address was not concluded, and

another secret committee is announced for to-morrow. The fol.

lowing is M. de Beaumont's speech :
" Gentlemen,—A good but weak King lately reigned in. Pm.-
toga]. lie loved his people, and was beloved by them. He wished
to render them free and happy, but being want►ng in vigour, his
good intentions were lost to his country. He descended- to the
tomb amidst the lamentations of his subjects, who foresaw the
evils which were about to befall them. After the death of King

John, one of his Jona, now Emperor of Brazil, while renouncing
the rights whic'i he bad to reign over Portugal, disposed of that
crown by an act of his own will, transferring it to his daughter ;
but it was not ancient Portugal which he gave her to govern ;
it was a Portugal altogether new, transformed after the English
fashion, and which retains no resemblance to the 411Cient.—
A charter arrived from Brazil: it was brought by an Eng-

liih Ambassador, and strongly suspected to be his work. It
overthrew and destroyed all the ancient laws of Portugal ; it is
entirely opposed to the rights, the manners, the 'ideas, and even
the prejudi►es of the Portuguese. This new manufacture is not
received with the enthusiasm which its authors had hoped ; men

of considerable authority by their birth, their fortunes, their
talents, and the places which they occupy, refused to recognise
its legitimacy, and appealed to the ancient laws of the country,,
sonctioned by the Cortes of Lamego—their voice was stifled, and
they have been obliged to seek an asylum in a neigithouring king-
dom. In the mean time the new charter was established without

any obstacle; the time of reflection, however, arrived. The
right which the Emperor of Brazil assumed ofsubverting the order
of things established in Portugal, was examined and contested, its
legitimacy was even questioned, the emigration of the Portuguese
became considerable, but they were replaced by. Sanfards, who,

snenntented with their Government. came into Portugal.' In a
snort time every thing assumed, a new aspect..
emigrants returned. to their' country, and almOst w popu-.
lation received them as their deliverers ; even the 'soldiers of the
Regency joined their ranks. - While this contest was going on,
the English Government undertook the task of making the Bra-
zilian charter triumph by force, and of inoculating the Portuguese
with liberal ideas by the bayonet. An appeal is 'made' to France
' to induce her to share the dangers and.the-glory •of this singu•
lar enterprise. Shall we answer this call? Shall we, after
having lavished our treasures and the blood of our armies with-
out advantage either for France or Spain ; without knowing how
we are to obtain for a generous people, who, in the absence of
Royalty, preserved the honour of their Crown • untarnished, the
institutions which had been solemnly promised them, the restora-
tion of the ancient liberties of the Spanish nation ; shall we, I
say, assist the English Government in its proposed object of hu-
miliating Spain, and in imposing by force on the Portugue nation

charter nibieh it rejects, and an order of things which it die
claims?' Shall we say to the Portuguese, you must be made
free,' whether you will or no—free, too, according to our manner,
and not your own—you must be Englishmen or Frenchmen, or
tiny thing, hut not Portuguese? Much is said about absolutists.;
but I ask you, gentlemen, are not those the real absolutists who,
having only one idea in their heads, one measure for all shapes,
paying no regard to climates, manners, characters, and situations,
would compel all nations to submit to the same form of Govern
meat ? Are not those absolutists who conceive that a Sovereign,
even a legitimate one, has the right of imposing on his people a
new social order, without consulting them, without entering into
concert with him ; in fact, even in opposition to the sentiments
and ideas which prevail among them; and all this without any
necessity whatever, without coy extraordinary circumstances to
require such changes—in a word, by an act of his good pleasure,
without reflecting that if • this right be granted to one sovereign,
the power cannot be refused to his successor of overthrowing
this order of things, and of substituting another? I have been
told that in another chamber a comparison was made of the rights
of Don Pedro with those exercised by Louis XVIII., in giving
us our Charter ; but never was any state of things moist diffe-
rent. When the Bourbons, after is long-nag; were restored to the
wishes and to the love of the French, Louis IVIII. found around
him nothing but ruins : ail our ancient institutions, had disap-
peared in the tempest. Louis XVIII. was therefore placed in a
situation of reigning without institutions,' or giving us new ones.
Ile was, too, too enlightened not to perceive that absolute govern-
ment never could 'fix its roots in the soil of France,tbeing the Sole
recognized power, the only one which was not disputed. He had
to derive from himself those institutions *hick reconstructing the
chain of time, :night, as far ae;possible, .satisfy ancient rights and
new interests, and the institutions which he gave were received
with enthusiasm throughout the whole of France, What a dif-
ference, gentlemen, between this and what is now passing in Por-
tugal. If you have any doubt of the *version, I will say of the
horror, which the Brazilian charter excites among the Portu-
guese people, you have only to read the English papers : you will
there see that the English acknowledge that almost the whole po-
pulation is against them, and avow that to maintain by force a
Government established by them against the will of the people,
and odious to the people,' they must place garrisons in the coun-
try, and make themselves the executioners of the Portuguese ;
finally, they declare; that no undertaking can be more pre-
sumptuous and more hopeless. It appeared to me, gentlemen,
that this brief exposition of what preceded, and has brought on
our present situation, cannot be foreign en the discussion in which
we are engaged. •
" In this stets of things, ought we in an address replying to
a speech from the throne to give our approbation to an alliance
with the English Government for the proposed object? Such is
the question on which you have to deliberate, for if it belong ex-
clusively to the King's Government to conclude treaties of peace
and alliance, the right of expressing or withholding one approba-
tion also belongs incontestably to us. Let us, in the first place,
consider what is the real object of the English Government: I
know the apparent object is to protect, by an armed interference,
the maintenance of the • charter imported from Brazil, end under
that hypothesis I have already said what I think of such inter-
ference ; but laity more, I maintain that such is not, and cannot
be, the real object of the English Government. The English Go-
vernment can be under no mistake as to the consequencee which
must necessarly flow from the establishment of a representative
Government in Portugal; it cannot be ignorant that the core,‘
sequence would, in a time not very distant, be the emancipa-
tion of Portugal from, the yoke of English tutelage. Eng-
land is proud of her liberty, and she has reason to be so ;
but I greatly doubt that she takes any pleasure in seeing the
establishment of other free Governments, and it may be pos-
sible that Mr. Canning and Prince Metternich are travelling
together by different roads to the sense goal; and if the Eng-
lish Government had for its real object the establishment of a