The Sun.
London, England, 1844-03-04 00:00:00

HAMBURGH MAIL.

Hestnnitou,:FED. o.,—The Sweden mail of the 23d ,
of February, the Stoekholni mail of -the 20th, and the
Copenhagen mail of the 24th, had not arrived when the
Borsenhalle went to press. There is, therefore, no news
of the health of the King of Sweden later than the'l3th.
ST. INTERSBURGH, FMB. 13.—1 t is well known that a
Russieninan-Of.wer sails every summer round the Cas-
pian sea to protect our fishermen against the attacks of
predatory tribes on its coasts. Last summer this'service
was performed by Lieut. Tarrason, who kept an accurate
journal of his observations in that sea, from which it ap-
pears that in- the part of it the sand continues
to accumulate in some places more; and some less; on the
whole, however, this, accumulation of sand, is already so
great, that ached of the Caspian made a feW years ago,
proves to be now quite incorrect. Some of the many arms
by which the Volga discharges itself into that sea are
quite dry in consequence of the quantity .of mud and.
sand by which they are choked up.
H.A.NovEn, Flu. 21.—The Government has at
length broken. its _silence respecting the affairs of
the Customs' Union. A pamphlet has just been
printed, and copies sent to foreign Governments,
and also given to some !official persons. It. is
evident . from the title; that it proceedi from 'the
Government, and the author is supposed to be a states-
man high in office, who has 'always been distinguished
by his. moderation.
HANoVER, Fnn. 22.—The pamphlet, though but ace",
copies have yet been given to' the public, is the general
subject of conversation
_;_ and we hear every body speak
of .its praise, The effect produced by •it will un-
doubtedly be still greater whin it is. to be obtained by
the public' in general, which- it•will be in a few .days ;
and it is ton be published 'by Halm and' Co. It to be.
foreseen, • that the G.overnnient, which intended the
pamphlet merely for Governments in. alliance with it,
would be induced to -give it the public in general.

HAMBURGH BORSENMALLE. Pas. tr.
6111 s. Money.
Austrian S per Cents ". ..... ..... 113 112%
Bank ........ ....... ..... 16911
Anglo-Russian ........ 115 112%
Russian 5 pet Cent.; Ist series:Certificate.... 105
Inscription. Ist series
Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and a., 9d and 4th
Series.... et. .... •••••••••••• ..... .• .••••••••••••••••• 9936
Dittoin Certificates ....... --
New 4 Per Cent. •••••••••••••••••• 9134 9134
Dutch. Actual De t, 34 per Cent. . ....... 540
Ditto 5 per Cent.
Polish ....... —;
New Tickets

Anglo-Danish Loan, 3.per 114% A 4
SPsnish, Now b per Cents. .h ..... 17% 17%

RAILROADS IN FRANCE.

France is it length beginning to .show great ac-
tivity, and is, now competing; with her Belgian
neighbours, in facilitating, provincial intercommuni-
cation by means of railways. 'ln the month of
April, 1842, it was stated by M. **ger, in his
":Commercial Tariff and Regulations of France,"
that, with the exception of a few miles of branch
rails, the whole railroad communication of that ex-
tensive kingdoiii2iiis comprised in a very- bad line
from St. 'Etienne to . Lyons, , one .Ifrom Paris 'to St.
Germaini, and . two from Paris to Versailles. In
June,4B42,:however, the French Government, seeing
the ' immense increase of traffic-Secured to Belgium by
means .of its extensive railroad communication, set a
very noble national example, and -offered public en.;
terprise a great inducement-to enter -upon the neces-
sary competition. The. GOverrithent •agleed to de-
live,r 'to such companies as should undertake the eon-
'struetion of certain lines, free-of all- charge, - the land
required for -the -whole line, and to complete the '
`earthworks, termini; • and stations ; leaving - the
companies' to lay down the rails or, per-
manent way; to supply the engines and Carriages for
working the lines, and to maintain the 'work.s. when.
completed. - Under these regulations lines have been:
already undertaken • from Paris to Havre, • and from!
' Paris to Rouen;"and from Paris to Orleans lines have'
been completed. Anothertmost important one is, now
projected from Paris to Strasburg, a line which pro-i
r mises to bring into close commercial intercourse
England, France, and Germany.. Both Both as regardS
agricultural and indatriat produets, the country be-
tween the French metropolis and the banks of the
' Rhine Is liiiportant. . In Alsace, the Lancashire- of
France,•there are at present, even with existing de
ficiencies of transit, no less than fifty-six factories',
producing cotton twist and calicoes to :the yearly
value;of 5;000,000/. sterling, and- employing-110,000
persons; 'and the kerseys and cachmeres of Nancy on
the same line are beginning to rival 'those of thp south
of - Franee. The vine- and every description of
agricultural Production abound in the whole country
to be traversed.' 'With the French metropolis itself,
it is -needless'-to say that a direct line, - connecting it
also with the German provinces, would 'conduce to a
rapidly extending international commerce. Between
and among the towns on the projected. route, an
extensive traffic and interchange already prevails, but
the want of a railway communication for the herds
of cattle which pass from one province to another, op
a. line extending to 280 miles, must entail severe loss.
It has, been calculated that a loss of nearly 15 per
eent,takes place in the value of. cattle . driven on the
highway. from 'Leicester to London; as compared with
the depreciation, when transported the same' distance
by- rail. But, without-touching further on matters
of detail, we shall only say that we hail the prospect
of a direct and easy intercourse with France and the
Rhine, as a. matter of great importance, both as re•
gards this ' country and our relations with the
Continent: . . .. ,- -.- , -

BUENOS AYRES AND MONTE
(From the Weekly Dispatch.)
LiN;rarooL, Maacit 1.--:-The following letter, which has
just comet° hand, front, the- River Plate,' gives a graphic
sketch of affairs at Monte Video. The _respectability, of the
source from' whence the communication is derived, a
guerantee for the correctness of theetatements. The condi-
tion. of the. Monte Videans is, as regards provisions, it will
seen,' somewhat critical ; but-the contest between the rival
Republici is, the. writer thinks; draWing to a crisis ,
• Nov. 22; 1843.—We have now been upwards of nine months
besieged, and, although I. cannot say that, the war is yet
over,. I aim happy in finding there is some appearance of, its
being so,, as we cannot hold Out more than a month lOnger,•
because the Government have not the means of payingforthe
supplies of proviiimisiiqUisite fethe garrison of the city, Which'
amounts to about 3,000 dollars daily. They have, long since sold
'all the duties and Government property, and the-foreign mer-
chants have, advanced upwards of 1,000,4)00 dollars to carry
oni thewar ; GoVernment have besides to find rations for about
8,000 poor people, now living in the city on account of the black-
ed° ; these rations are now reduced one-half. There is a great
amount•of suffering and misery in the city, and it mus>f in-
crease daily until the war is at an end; -even then how many
must be deprived of fathers,husbands, and brothers It is
now a fortnight since we lad news from Rivera, dated the
18th of ;October, in which he states that he is coming to
relieve the capital, and has a very strong army. Urquiza,
the chief:Of the enemy's cavalry, with all his face, were re-
treating before Rivera, whom we expect near here every day
He is, coming to giye . battle to Blancoes, that. he may get
-assistance from the infantry. It is said that" Rivera must
have at present- ;an .army Of 10,000 or 12,000 men ; surely
with that -army he can beatiOribe,.and then we shall be ad
right again. We-have had a great many -skirmishes lately,
and numbers of our men have oeen wounded. We have: four
hospitals. for the wounded, and they get very well attended
to: The piincnial one ' has ;received about, 1,300 wounded
• men since the Ist of July. Nine t.• 14., there ire just gone to
the mole, to be embarked, 2,000 infantry, and 200 cavalry,
with- some cannon=-it is supposed for the Mount. If so, we
may probably see a fight to-morrow, or it may be they go to
Santa Lida,. to join With • Rivera. A. battle must take
place, and I expect it • will be in the sight of
the ' city.' We had . very herd fight last week.'
A Colonel Neira, with .25 men, -went to attack an -outpost of
the enemy, when he was shot. As our people did not-return
with the body, 360 Italians, and 500 blacks went to regain it.
They. had to tight upwards of 2,000 Blancoes, and they sue-
. ceeded, after a detperate struggle, ih
..regaining the body.
'The Italisht and blacks charged with the bayonetsy and killed
upwards of 100 men. We had. seven killed and' about fifty .
wounded. A melancholy occurrence took place the day our
trOcips wept out on this expedition. A lieutenant of cavalry
811C1'.01Ie ITIXII charked eiOt Blancoes: It was thought at the
time that th4' officer had been killed,. but froni those who
have come in since, it appears that , the horse of the Bente-
iiantwas'shot from under him, and he fella prisoner to the
:Blancoes, who-immediately-cutoff his head,..which was foe ld
the next morning stuck on the iron rails fronting a dwelling-
house, with the ears cutoff: /10%, different was the treat-
ment giVed-tothe officerivho fell into the hinds of our men.
He was, deer' if caw .darf:intprisohment sent on board the
English commodore's ship,in order to. be given up toAdmiral
Brown; the commodore of the Iluenoi Ayriah navy.
liti•V,•24.--tOur troops ere still' at the Mount. We have sent
more ,to-days eXpect it is an'eXpedition, to obtain cattle.

MORNING .MAILS lgoNkr:Okinits.—The pub-
lic are scarcely': aware of the' extent of the Morning' mails.
daily dispatched from 'the General Post-dffice, and the number
df post'towns:at whist 440 orders ate now made payable.
The following analysis coniiy.anidea of the importance
to the cornmemity of these ',branches., of the Post-office ser;.
vice England and Wales there are 906 post towns -to
which, by:the regulation' list, iotrected -up to yeiterday.
(March Ist), there are diepatche4 per morning pail,
160 baga,--lnettrW Opal to one-sixth. of the entire number.
At 610 of the & ITV@ plat towns money orders are granted
.41141. ma4e ..ptiy4b}e -an 4iortiffip niue-tenths, as compared
with the. extent of thatpraCtl,4,ll4n9 few YOara ago. In Ire-
land there, are 6132 post toWns, of Which there are 327 se-
lected for the receipt and payment of money orders ; and in
ScOttand,vf•636 post towns, 213 possess the same icind of ac-
commodtdion. It is but partially known that newspapers
and letters ,fOr:the Whole of Ireland 'and ' Scotland are dis-
' patched, by morning mail.from the General Post-office.
• DAB Houst• or SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN.—In Fri-
day-street, Chiapside,- a short time ago, stood the house
which .was the occupation of ;Sly Christopher .Wren, the
eirrinent•orehitectr during the erection, of St. Paul's Cathe-
dral, .ithd-which the.phtireh of St. Matthew, Friday-
street,. n.the course o Pulling • (WO IN! 41111iPtft TrlC4'
was sold a few weeki",ak6, aP4 ‘qICIII4IIPW 1100,0 leve) 0-
'With-the ground, several silver and Copper coins were found
'
in 'the joists of the flooring by some of the workmen.'.
silver coins were of the reign of Queen Eliiabeth, some being
in good preset-vation. the copper coins' were of an earlier
period. .The foundation walls are of'extraordlnary thickness,
a portion of which formed;part of the' Saracen's_ Head, which
is also taken down.
• MASTtita Alin. SinvArrre.--A Bill hese just been
introduced Into the lions(' of Commons for enlarging_ the
powers ot Justices irrdaterminil complaißts btwrtn mar,
ters, servants, and artificers; an for the more effectual IV.
.eoytery of swage's before JUiticek It Chiefly extends the pro*.
.visions of the Aets 20 •Georgiil4..-e_ 19 r -31 George liii e•-• 2
6 George 111., c. 25 ; and 4 GeOrge c. 34. The Bill is
under the care of Mr. W. Math Ur. Robert Palmer, and
Mr. H. Gaily Knight.