The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-04 00:00:00

E SUN, LONDON , THURSDAY El ENING, JANUARY 4, 1844'

is not purely decorative is composed of the stone
termed in geology "magnesian limestone," which
prevails extensively in the country, as one of the
lower members of the new red sandstone forma-
tion. The mineralogical character of this stone
is that of a silicious grit, united by a highly-
chrystalline calcareous cement. Its texture is
firm and tough, the particles being closely ag-
gregated arid finely wedged together, so that
there is every probability that it will effectually
resist the variable action of the atmosphere. It
is procured in large quantities from quarries at
Bolsover Moor, in Derbyshire, and Huddlestone
and Anstone, in Yorkshire. When moist from
the quarry this stone is of a yellowish brown
colour, and works well under the tool of the
mason. When dry, however, its colour is much
more delicate, and it acquires an additional hard-
ness.
Some of the very ornamental parts of the work
are composed of the Bath oolite, procured from
Painswick and other places in the neighbourhood
of Bath. The stone, though differing considerably
from the magnesian limestone in a mineralogical
character, having less adhesion amongst its parti-
cles, and consequently less toughness, appears well
adapted for elaborate decorations, in consequence
of its fine and uniform grain, beauty of surface,
and the readiness with which it may ba worked.
The limestone, however, appears to be much
more extensively employed, even for decorative
purposes, than the Bath stone, which
inwas once
so great a favourite, and, Judg from
g
the present sound appearance of every
block to be seen upon the works, there
is every reason to suppose that the test of time
will amply justify the high recommendations
bestowed upon it by Sir IL De la Beetle and the
other Commissioners appointed to select the
stone for this great national edifice.

THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE
BLACK SEA.
TREBIZONDE, SErr. 11.—Trebizonde, besides being
the port of Erzeroum, Tabriz, and Teheran, has become
the chief entrepot between Central Asia and Europe,
and it is not difficult to perceive that from its geogra-
phical position It must henceforward maintain this im-
portant character. Access to Central Asia from the
eastern coast of the Black Sea is precluded by the
towering range of the Caucasus, as from Syria it is ren-
dered inconvenient by the desert that fills up the great
triangle formed by the Euphrates, the Mediterranean,
and Arabia. The interval between these two approaches
is occupied by the peninsula of Asia Minor, and hence
the rise of Smyrna when the navigation of the Black Sea
was prohibited, and caravans traversed the length of the
country from east to west ; but now that restrictions on
Euxine navigation are removed, Trebizonde, on the
northern and extreme neck of the peninsula, affords such
convenient access as to monopolize the intercourse with
Europe. Its importance is shared only by Aleppo, which
supplies the southern litoral of its own continent.
The last year's transit trade through Trebizonde in
English manufactures, when unusual obstacles existed,
was 28,000 bales ; of Belgian cloth, 4,600 bales. The gross
exports in transit to Constantinople were in value only a
little above 300,00 a, while the total imports were over
1,200,000/. The last item includes the Russian trade to
Georgia, chiefly in English beer and spices (3,400/.),
and grain from the Danube and Russian ports for the
consumption of the pachalic (32,000/.)
The district of Janik, extending over 240 miles of
coast, of which Samsoon is the chief town, may be cited
as an example of the state of administration in this por-
tion of Turkey. Janik is to this coast what the Banat
is to Transylvania—widely extending plains, of strong
and rich soil, are diversified by mountainous features
peculiar to the rest of the pachalic. More than one-
third of this district has become the private property of
the Hasnadar family, who for thirty years have con-
ducted its administration. Its chief productions are
hemp, linseed, tobacco, and silk. The hemp, of which
about 25,000 quintals were raised lastyear, is not allowed
to be exported. This article is subject to a levy of
7,000 quintals annually, free of charge, after which the
remaining crop is appraised and purchased by the Pacha
for the use of Government. To make up the Govern-
ment quota of hemp every individual is taxed propor-
tionably, and those who do not grow their share pay a
commensurate value in money. Little could be said
against this imposition, did it, as at its institution,
exempt from military service ; but it appears singularly
unjust, since the privilege it once conferred on this
agricultural population has been forgotten. The con-
scription is now as rigorously enforced in Janik as else.
where, and recruits for the Redif are frequently seen
chained by the neck in companies of 100, who have their
irons knocked off only at the moment of embarcation.
About 30,000 bales of tobacco are yearly raised in
Janik. The duty is farmed by the Pacha from the
Porte. Last year the Porte disposed of the duty
for 125,000 piasters, when subsequently the Pacha
resold his right at a profit of 160,000 piasters more.
After this duty, which is on the green produce, there
are additional custom-house duties on exportation. Silk.
which might be extensively brought forward, is burdened
with internal duties on the raw produce to the amount of
23 per cent. ; but, even under present restrictions, is
slowly improving both in quality and in the manner of
reeling. Besides these and other taxes on produce, there
is the Saliahn, an irregular exaction of 100 piasters on
each male adult, occurring three times or more in the
course of the year ; and another most oppressive griev-
ance—the felling and preparing of timber without charge
according to the demand from the arsenal at Stamboul.
So much for administration in Janik, the kernel of the
rich pachalic of Trebizonde. I shall next illustrate a
few traits in the character of its governor.
A few months since some Austrian leech merchants
purchased a firman conferring on them a monopoly for
the fishing of leeches in Janik during a single season.
70,000 piasters were paid to the Porte for this privilege.
When the firman was shown to the Pacha of Samsoon,
that functionary at once informed the merchants that un-
less they consented to other terms, he could promise that
their speculation would be a losing one ; and thereon
proposed that the merchants should sell their firman to
him, and that he (the Pacha) would then undertake to
furnish leeches at the ordinary price paid to the peasant
collectors, namely, 20 piasters for each oke. The
Pacha then offered 5,000 piasters for the firman that a
week before had cost the merchants 70,000 piasters, and
the merchants knowing that otherwise they ran a risk
of losing their whole outlay, accepted the Pacha's terms.
The Pacha thereon soon fulfilled his promise as to the
large supply of leeches he could obtain—his stock
amounting in a few months to 5,000 okes, which he sold
to the merchants at 20 piastres the oke, as agreed upon.
He obtained this supply by compelling the peasantry of
the leech district to furnish, on pain of fine, a certain
amount of leeches weekly, and for which he paid at the
rate of 2/ piastres the oke. By this manceuvre he
pocketed exactly 395,000 piastres, which otherwise would
have been shared between the speculators and the pea-
sant collectors. For the truth of this nefarious story I
can personally vouch, and there are others of equally
recent date and oppressive character which could be au-
thenticated. And why, it may be asked, do not those
Austrian merchants complain in such an instance to the
Porte? Yes; and in the course of their business go next
year to Janik and have their trade ruined by the same
Pacha or his successor ! I agree with such sufferers, that
whosoever's duty it may be to oppose such an abuse, it
does not fall on them individually when at the expense of
their interest.
What I have said of Janik applies in general to admi-
nistration throughout the other portions of the coast.
These frontiers were not included in the enactments of
Gulhane, nor is it probable they ever will be. Arbitrary
government, therefore, and the old system of imposi-
tions, are everywhere in force, and monopolies, although
nominally abolished, still virtually exist in the hands of
the Pachas ; while the produce, as regards foreign ex-
portation, is additionally burdened with the compensa-
tion duties of the European treaties. Corruption and
force are the prevailing features of the local administra-
tion. The internal taxes of the Porte are mostly farmed
and paid in advance by the Pachas, who are afterwards
left to exercise an unlimited exaction over the people.
As a natural consequence of the above state of things,
the head Government suffer in their pecuniary interests
equally with the general mass of the population. In-
demnity is sought from the griping measures of the
Pachas by evading the external duties that remain in the
hands of the Porte. In such instances, Russia, by the
conduct of her local agents and the nature of her treaty,
suffers herself to be the instrument by which this further
demoralization is effected. The article of wax, for in-
stance, of which the Pachalic furnishes about 20,000
okes annually, being supplied alike from the Russian
shore, exporters purchase certificates at the Georgian
stations, declaring that the wax is Russian produce, and
so pass it at the Stamboul Custom-house at 3 per cent.,
avoiding also the internal duty. The payment of the 3
per cent. is all that can happen in such an instance, but
by the perfected system of underhand compromise car-
ried on by Russian agents at the chief Custom-house, it
is seldom but they can compromise the matter for less.
Notification certificates—an it mahaber—are intended to
guard against such fraud (the certificate is necessary
previous to exportation, and has to be returned within a
certain period, endorsed from the head Custom-house,
stating that the internal duties were paid on the articles
specified) ; but, however effectual this check may be to
the subjects of other Powers, it is none to the Russian,
or the native who relies on his assistance.
Although the different branches of this subject would
admit of considerable enlargement, I believe it will be
needless to say more to prove my assertion as to the
degree of existing mal-administration. It affects a divi-
sion of the empire regarding. which but little is known,
yet where more than usual interest should be attached,
as well from its relative position as the energies it is still
capable of receiving, and the increased importance the
locality has acquired from commercial events.—Times
y to

NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMEN',
As the meeting of Parliament is now near a
hand, the public will naturally look for some ac-
count of the new houses in which the future des-
tinies of the country are to be discussed.
The present aspect of the works affords, it is
true, no indication of the time when their com-
pletion may be expected, but from the great ac-
tivity which prevails in every department, and
from the present state of the shell or extensive
walls of the building, it may be inferred that about
one-half of the entire work, preparatory to the
interior fittings and decorations, has been com-
pleted.
The whole river front now assumes an imposing
appearance, being carried up uniformly to the
height of two full stories above the basement of
the building. The whole length of this exten-
sive front is embollished by innumeral heraldic
ornaments, niches, figures, royal ciphers, scrolls,
and by the richest mouldings and tracery of the
most floric style which distinguishes the Gothic
architecture.
Considerable progress has lately been made
with the north and south extremities of the
building, where it is intended to erect the Victoria
and clock towers. These, extremities, which ex-
tend at right angles to the river front, have been
carried up to about the same height as the river
front itself. In general terms, therefore, it may
be said, that the whole exterior shell of the
building, comprising the river front and the
wings at each end, are completed to the height
of two stories, or about 50 feet above the surface
of the ground. The space comprised between
the two wings, and bounded by the main range
of building, will be occupied by numerous courts
and cross ranges of building, to be appropriated
as the dwelling-houses and office of the officials
connected with the establishment. This portion
of the work is considerably in arrear of the main
part of the building, being built to a height not
generally exceeding 14 or 16 feet.
With regard to the execution of the work, the
most superficial observer must be struck with
the regularity and precision which pervade its
mast minute portions. Although the whole
establishment of labour, capital, and machinery
can only be looked upon as temporary, yet the
combination and division of labour are here
pushed to as high perfection as in those enduring
establishments of manufacturing industry which
have excited the wondering admiration of
the world. The mechanical arts minister here
in a . thousand ways which ten years ago
were quite unthought of; iron railroads, of
excellent construction, laid not only on the
ground, but high up in the air, serve for the easy
conveyance of stone, mortar, bricks, and other
materials to all parts of the building. Powerful
machines, termed " travelling cranes," with nu-
merous wheels for multiplying power, traverse
these railroads, carrying, suspended from their
huge frames, large stones, often weighing many
tons, and the stones, when lowered from these
cranes, are carried off in trucks to the inmost
parts of the complicated building. Each stone
bears upon it some distinguishing mark to indi-
cate the allotted place in the structure, so that no
confusion arises in the disposal of them.
The proximity of the building to the river
affords unusual facilities for the delivery of the
lime, sand, stone, and other materials, and nu-
merous barges, containing these stores, are con-
stantly being discharged of their cargoes at the
long embankment in front of the building.
The space between the river and the front of
the building affords a convenient depot for the
stones, &c., thus brought to the work. Nearer
still to the building a long range of covered sheds
extends the whole length ; here great numbers
of masons are employed in dressing and fa-
shioning the stones into the immense variety
of forms required by the peculiarly rich and
decorative style of architecture which has
been adopted. About twenty feet above the
ground, where the stones are thus prepared, is
erected a railroad for the trauelling cranes to
work upon, and by their means the stones are
placed upon the trucks, and are thus conveyed
upon cross-railroads to their ultimate destination.
The mode of dressing the stones deserves par-
ticular notice, being highly interesting, and a
considerable improvement upon the old practice.
When intricate forms had to be cut out in stone-
work, it was usual to construct what were called
" wooden templets" or moulds, which were
made of several pieces, and which the mason
in working the stone applied to the va-
rious planes or faces in order to fashion it
to the required form. These figures are now cut
out of sheet zinc, on which they rre first drawn
with geometrical accuracy. These zinc plates,
representing innumerable varieties of devieed
mouldings, are laid upo& the stones, when the
figures are traced out, and the stone cut awa:
the exact form of the zinc pattern.
The tools employed by the masons, some o,
them rivalling in delicacy and finish the imple-
ments of the sculptor; the machinery invented
by Dr. Spurgin for raising mortar, bricks, &c.,
to the upper stories ; the application of hoop
iron to produce a " bond" in those walls which
are composed of brickwork ; the iron " gird-
ers " for supporting the floors, so as to
render the building fire-proof; by dispensing
with the use of inflammable substances; the pecu-
liarly scientific scaffolding, so widely different
from the common method of scaffolding, by poles
and ropes; and a variety of other ingenious ap-
pliances, are scarcely less calculated to excite
admiration, than the concentration of genius and
artistical skill displayed by the architect himself
in designing the structure.
All the principal part of the building which

MORTALITY AMONGST CHILDREN.—MeasIes, ac
companied with inflammatory symptoms of a very severe cha-
racter, are very prevalent amongst children in the crowded dis-
trict between Great Coram-street and Russell-square. This
contains many close and confined courts and ill-ventilated
houses, and severe fatal cases have occurred within the last few
days. In the neighbourhood of Battle-bridge and the Fever
Hospital, and particularly in the close and ill-drained districts
adjacent to Maiden-lane, cases of confluent small-pox have
been very common the last few days, many of which have
proved fatal.
On Tuesday night last, Sir Walter Riddell, Bart.,
was returning to his residence at the Palace, Maidstone, when,
on passing the mill-head of Messrs. Mercer and Parton's mills,
the Hon. Baronet met a man and woman, and immediat
afterwards heard a splash in the water and a cry of distress.
Sir Walter hastened to the spot, and seeing something on the
surface of the water, which is at this spot about aix feet deep,
and runs with a rapid current under the mill, without hesitation
he plunged in with all his clothes on, and succeeded in saving
from a wateryrave the woman whom he bad passed just before.
Maida tone journal.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, Jan. 2.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
(YESTERDAY.)
MANSION-HOUSE.
Several omnibus drivers and conductors were summoned for
having loitered on their way through various parts of the City.
In one case the defendant was charged with having loitered
before an Ealing omnibus, while another omnibus was follow-
ing for the purpose, as was evident to all, of preventing the
Ealing vehicle from obtaining a fair share of passengers. It
was stated that the driver of the omnibus which the others
were endeavouring to injure, was a well.conducted respectable
person, who was obedient to the directions of the ofilcers Sp,
pointed to superintend the arrangements of the streets.
Sir GEORGE. CARROLL, on inflicting the full penalties upon
this defendant, said that in adjudicating in that manner, he
carried out the intentions of the Lord Mayor, particularly as the
defendant had joined with another in the endeavour to prevent
the Ealing driver from gaining. bread for his family. He also
stated that upon any occasion in which such suspicions were
proved, he should take care to act with two-fold severity to the
offending parties, and he directed the police to observe the con-
duct of all persons who engaged in such unfair courses with pe-
culiar strictness, and to report them punctually.
The defendant asked what would be the consequence if he
refused to pay?
Sir GEORGE CARROLL—Ono month's imprisonment in
Bridewell.

--•-
IN RI JOHN CAIITDELL.
This case had been partly heard on a former day, when the
insolvent was opposed by Mr. Cooke, and the hearing adjourned
to produce a person named Langdon, who held a bill of sale of
all the insolvent's property, which had been executed in July,
1842. That person had allowed the property to remain in the
insolvent's possession up to the present time, the bill of sale
being in possession of an individual who resided in his house.
Mr Langdon having refused to give up this document,
Mr. Cooke intimated that, under the Ist and 2d Vic. c. 110,
sec. 61, the bill of sale was valueless, it being enacted that un-
less the goods were sold before the insolvent went to prison,
they belonged to the assignee.
Mr. Langdon said he could not help that, as the circum-
stances now stood.
Mr. Cooke said the assignees were determined to bring an
action against Mr. Langdon, to try the merits of the case.
The insolvent was eventually ordered to be discharged.

WINTER ASSIZES.
WESTERN CHICUIT.
Chester, Jun. 2.
Twig MonssorarEs.—Jonathan Pogniore (44), and Dios.
Cartwright (28), were indicted, the former for having, in the
township of Monks Coppenhall, on the 23d November last,
seized Sarah Cartwright by the neck, and feloniously, wilfully,
and negligently cast her into a certain brook, in which she was
choked and drowned ; and the other prisoner, Thomas Cart-
wright, was charged with aiding and assisting in the said man-
slaughter.
The Attorney-General, and Messrs. L. Trafford and Towns-
bend, appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. Temple for the
prisoner.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said the two prisoners at the
bar were charged with manslaughter, by killing and slaying a
person of the name of Sarah Cartwright by negligence. This
was rather a notorious case, and would require the best at-
tention of the jury. It appeared that the prisoners were
what were generally called " Latter-day Saints," a sect of
religionists in the neighbourhood of the railway station at
Crew. The deceased was the wife of the prisoner Cartwright ;
and one of the tenets of the sect was is
baptise those per-
sons who joined their body. The person for whose death
the prisoners were upon their trial, was persuaded by them to
be baptized, and the place where the baptism was to be per-
formed was at a brook called Coppenhall Brook, about a
quarter of a mile from the residence of the prisoners. Pog-
more and Cartwright accompanied the woman, who went volun-
tarily into the brook, when Pogmore immersed her in the
, brook once or twice. She struggled and got loose from him,
and was drowned. The brook was much swollen at the time,
and the question was, whether the death of the woman was
owing to a want of ordinary caution on the part of the pri-
soners. The Learned Gentleman was then about to call his
witnesses, when it was found that not one was present whose
evidence was of the slightest use in the case ; neither was the
attorney in Court. The Court waited some time, and his
Lordship asked the name of the attorney in the case. Mr.
Lowe, the attorney (of Nantwich), was called frequently, but
he did not answer. After waiting some time his Lordship said
he would not wait ; the case must proceed in the usual course.
It was well known that the case was to come on this morning.
The Attorney-General then called the following witnesses:—
Michael Kinty, a police constable, said, that on the morning
after the death of the woman, Pogmore showed him the place
where they went into the brook. When the water was low, it
was two or three to four yards broad, and not more than a foot
and a half or two feet deep in ordinary times. Upon this occa-
sion there were seven feet of water in depth, and it appeared
that the water had been nine feet deep.
James Moore was next called, but did not answer.
After some time, the following witnesses came into Court :
George Bazely—l live at Crewe, in the parish of Alonks Cop-
penhall. I went on the morning after this occurrence to search
for the body of the deceased. The brook is about three quar-
ters of a mile from the railway. I found the water swollen, and
the body was amongst some trees on the bank of the brook.
There was only a flannel singlet on the body. I assisted in
carrying the body home.
Cross-examined by Mr. Temples—l never saw the river Jor-
dan nor any of the waters mentioned in Scripture. The brook
is in a retired valley.
Lucy Massey—l am a dressmaker at Monks Coppenhall. I
kaew the deceased, Sarah Cartwright. She was about 30
years of age. I saw her on Thursday, the 23d of November.
She said something to me.—(Mr. Temple objected to the
witness stating what took place. )—lt was about one o'clock
when I spoke to her. She was quite well then. I saw the
body the next day. It was the body of the wife of the prisoner
Cartwright.
Ann Peace was called, but she could prove nothing material.
James Moore was next called, but not appearing, he was
called upon his recognizance'.
William Robinson, Mary Ann Moore, and George Slater,
were also called upon their recognizances.
Mr. Lowe, the prosecuting attorney, at length came to
Court, but he did not explain the reason why either he or the
witnesses had not been attendance.
His Loansnir said he would not suffer the public time to be
wasted in this scandalous manner, and he ordered the recog-
nisances of all the witnesses who had not appeared to be
entreated.
Mr. Temple submitted that the prisoners must be acquitted.
The JUDGE—Yes. But there is a great failure of justice in
this case. I shall not allow the costs of the prosecution.
The jury, under the direction of his Lordship, acquitted
both the prisoners.
Mr. Temple said he heard his Learned Friend, the At-
torney-General, talking about the coroner's inquisition. He
called upon his Learned Friend to proceed at once upon it, or
to enter a nolle prosequi.
Mr. Hill—l shall use my own discretion. The prisoners
have not yet been arraigned upon the inquisition.
The prisoners were then removed, and the Court proceeded
to try a prisoner for a burglary.
Robert Howe was indicted for a burglary at Staly, and found
Guilty.—Sentence was deferred.
The prisoners Pogmore and Cartwright were next arraigned
upon the Coroner's inquisition, for the manslaughter of Sarah
Cartwright.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said he should not offer any
evidence in the case.
The Jo now, addressing the jury, said, no evidence was offered
for the prosecution, and very properly. A bill had been found
by the grand jury, and in consequence of the culpable neglect
of the parties who ought to have attended en the part of the
prosecution, they had been acquitted. He thought it would be
too much to try them after having been acquitted. Addressing
the prisoners, his Lordship said—With your peculiar
tenets I have nothing to do. but it was most culpable and
incautious on your part not to examine the state of the
brook before you went in. Let the event which has happened,
and the distress which I have no reason to doubt you both must
feel, be a warning to you for the future to be more cautious.
There were three witnesses who did attend. Let them have
their expenses, but let no other person have expenses of any
sort —The prisoners were then discharged.
THE MURDER AT DEtamene.—This afternoon the Grand
Jury brought in a true bill against Samuel Maddochs, for the
murder of Matthias Bailey, gamekeeper to George Wilbraham,
Esq., at Delamere, in August last, and ignored the bill against
Jelin Maddocks, his brother.

The defendant paid the fine and costs.
Another omnibus driver was summoned for having, four
different times, violated the law by crawling along Cheapside
and other streets.
The defendant made a great number of excuses, and per-
sisted in talking, although several times called upon to be silent.
He was fined.
We are requested to acknowledge the receipt of 51., by the
Lord Mayor, for the Poor-box, signed " Ingleter," and 11,, the
produce of a wager upon the result of the last election for the
Mayoralty of the City of London.
BOW-STREET.
A well dressed your'g man, named George Smith, was
charged with stealing a large cigar case, containing a quantity
of cigars, from the counter of Mrs. Anna Maria Lyons, No.
2, Wellington-street, Strand.
It appeared that, at one o'clock yesterday morning, F 4
observed the prisoner in Wellington-street, just above the pro-
secntrix's shop, stooping down over a cigar box, from the
compartments of which he was filling his pockets with cigars.
He could not give a satisfactory account of how he became pos-
sessed of the box, so he was taken into custody. Upon in-
quiry, it was found that the box had been stolen from the
counter of the prosecutrix's shop the night before.
The prisoner said he found the box lying in the street.
He was committed for trial. . _ .

Mr. Simpson, the landlord of the Albion Tavern, in Little
Russell-street, teas summoned before Mr. Jardine for having
his house open on Sunday night last for the sale of spirits.
Inspector Logan proved that he went into the house on
Christmas morning at a quarter past one o'clock, and saw several
persons in the defendant's house drinking spirits.
The defendant said it was impossible to clear his house in

less time than half an hour. The theatres were not over till
twelve o'clock, and he was placed in great difficulty, as he
could not order them to go out. He frequently had 150 persons
in his house to supper.
Mr. JARDINE said it had been proved that spirits were sold
in the house after twelve o'clock at night, and he should, there-
fore, fine the defendant in the full penalty of Si. and costs.
The money was immediately paid.
Mr. Robert Flagg, landlord of the Red Lion, Houghton-
street, St. Clemeht Danes, was fined Si. for a similar offence.
The defendant expressed his determination of appealing
against the decision of the Magistrate.
CLERKENIVELL.
John Trebble, lately discharged from the N division of po-
lice, was charged with stealing several publicans' pewter pots.
The charges were fully proved against the prisoner, who
wus fully committed for trial.
By a strange coincidence the policeman whom the prisoner
succeeded, and whose letter and number he bore, was tried and
convicted for a similar larceny.
Charles Alfred Freeman, a footman in the employment of
Mr. Nay, a solicitor, residing at 14, Queen-square, was charged
with attempting to violate the person of Frances Wilde, his fel-
low-servant, and threatening to murder her.
The case, which was of an aggravated character, was fully es-
tablished, and the prisoner committed.
John Green, alias Roon, was committed for trial, for a bur-
glary at the house of Mr. Jackson, a gentleman, residing in
Charles-street, Clerkenwell.

FIGHT amongst the ABORIGINES.
• (From the New Zealand Mercury.)
On Tuesday last, a great number of the abori-
gines, amounting to more than 100 men, women,
and children, passed through the town to Camp-
bell's Hill, for the purpose of holding a corro-
bevy. It was evident from their mariner that
they were two hostile parties, and that one was
somewhat suspicious of the other. They en-
camped at different places on the hill, near the
old Black Swan, and held their corrobery during
the night. One party consisted of the Mait-
land tribe, and a few of the Sugar Loaf,
Wollombi, and Glendon tribes ; the other
of the Port Stephen and Paterson tribes. About
eight o'clock on Wednesday morning they com-
menced fighting in a paddock at the back of the
Old Black Swan, and the Maitland tribe and
their friends were driven by the others to a
paddock near Mr. Pilcher's house. Here the
Maitland tribe rallied, and the noise they made
attracted the attention of several of the residents
in the neighbourhood, vs ho repaired to the
scene of action. The Maitland party had
not less than six muskets amongst them,
of which the Port Stephen blacks seemed to

be much afraid. Mr. d. Prentice, who was on
the ground, endeavoured to quiet them, or at all
events to induce them to lay aside the fire-arms,
and whilst he was talking to them, constables
Tonge and Grant, who had been called upon by
a half-caste female belonging to the Port Stephen
tribe, came up. On seeing them, those blacks
who had the muskets retreated into the bush,
and hid them. The withdrawal of the muskets

seemed to give fresh courage to the Port
Stephen party, for they immediately raised
their war cry, and sent a shower of spears arid
boomerangs upon their opponents. The whites
upon this declined to interfere, and left the na-
tives to settle their dispute according to their own
fashion. The Maitland tribe and their friends

stood their ground for a short time, and fuught
with their spears and ‘vaddies, but they
presently gave way, and retreated towards
where the muskets were hid. They were

OXFORD tlßCUlT.—Stafford, Jan. 2.
(Before Mr. Baron RoLIFE.)
HIGHWAY ROBBEILY.--. Thomas Ward and John Hodgkin-
son were charged With highway robbery on the person of Edw.
Rowley.
Mr. Allen conducted the case for the prosecution ; the
prisoners were defended by Mr. Woolrych.
The prosecutor, an elderly man, whose answers to the ques-
tions put to him by the Learned Counsel occasioned consider-
able merriment in Court, stated that, as he was returning home
from Abbot's Bromley, about half-past ten on the night of the
20th of September, he was suddenly attacked by the prisoners,
who plundered him of his watch and some silver that he had
about him ; and as his despoilers, whom he had known for ten
years, were inhabitants of the same village where he resided, he
lost no time in giving the alarm and procuring their apprehen-
sion. The prisoners had been absent from home during the
whole of the night, and on e
a
rthing Ward, two shillings were
found secreted in one of his b.
For the defence, it was urged that the prosecutor was in such
a state of inebriation at the time in question as to render it im-
possible for him to speak with any degree of certainty to the
prisoners' identity, and several witnesses were called to corro-
borate this view of the case. They failed, however, in con-
vincing the jury of the inaccuracy of the old man's statement,
for they immediately returned a verdict of Guilty.
They were sentenced to be imprisoned and kept to hard
labour for 15 calendar months.
The remaining cases will be easily disposed of in the course
of the day.

CENTRAL CRIMIANL COURT.
OLD COURT.
(Before Mr. Justice Eitaxtwe.)
John Clinch and Thornets Horne, two Kensington omnibus
drivers, surrendered in Court, to answer a charge of feloniously
killing and slaving William Knott.
Mr. Adolphus prosecuted, and Messrs. Clarkson and Wilkins
appeared for the prisoners respectively.
The circumstances under which the charge was made were
of rather a novel character. The indictment alleged that the
defendants drove furiously and improperly past a certain dray,
of which the deceased was the driver, and that in consequence
of this furious driving the horses in the dray became terrified
and started off, and threw down the deceased, the wheel of the
dray going over him and inflicting injuries, of which he died.
To support this charge several witnesses were called, but the
testimony was of a conflicting character. It appeared that
on the 9th November the dray, which was one of Messrs.
Goding and Co.'s, was proceeding along the , Kenning.
ton road towards London, the deceased, not being
the regular driver, but having the horses placed
in his charge by the driver, who was riding at the time in the
dray. The prisoners, who were each driving an omnibus,
came up to the dray near Kensington Church, and both of them
attempted to pass the dray, one on the near, the t
ie
other on
the off-side of that vehicle, and, according to the testimony of
same of the witnesses, in consequence of the speed they were
going at, the dray-horses were frightened, and started off, and
the deceased, in attempting to stop their., was thrown down by
the dray, and received the injury of which he died. The evi-
dence was not by any means clear as to the precise manner in
which the accident occurred; and the evidence as to the speed
at which the prisoners were driving was very contradictory,
some of the witnesses stating that they were galloping, and
others, that they were going at a very moderate pace; and, so
far as the prisoner Horne was concerned, it appeared pretty
clear that ewes not driving fast at the time the accident
happened.
The case for the prosecution having closed, Mr. CLARKSON
asked his Lordship whether he thought there was any case to
go to the jury against his client Horne ?
Mr. Justice ERSKINE said the case certainly was very
weak, but still he did not think he ought to withdraw it from
the consideration of the jury.
Mr. CLARKSON then addressed a few, observations to the
jury on behalf of the prisoner for wham he appeared.
Mr. WILKINS took some technical objections to the indict-
ment, but they were overruled by the Court.
The Learned Counael addressed the jury for Clinch.
He called Mr. Commissioner Bullock to speak to his
character, and that gentleman said he had known him for se-
veral years as coachman to some ladies of his acquaintance,
and he always bore a very good character.
Mr. Justice Easirinit having summed up,' the jury, after a
short deliberation, returned a verdict of Not Guilty.
The prisoners were ordered to be discharged.
John Caffyn, 59,
Maria Caffyn, with intent to do her grievous bodily harm.
was indicted for cutting and wounding
Mr. Clarkson prosecuted, and Mr. Ballantine defended the
prisoner.
It appeared that the prisoner had assaulted the prosecutor,
who is his wife, with a poker, but it was clearly shown that he
was at the time in a state of insanity.
The jury accordingly acquitted him on that ground, and he
was ordered to be detained in custody during her Majesty's
pleasure.
The REcoanza sat in the evening, but the cases disposed of
‘tely I were of ne public interest.

—— - -
On Tuesday a General Quarter Session for the pre-
cincts and liberties of the Tower of London, was held at the
Court-house, Wellelose-square, Thomas Walsh, Esq., in the
chair. Both grand and petit jury were sworn, but there being
no business whatever to be transacted by either, they were
discharged.

THE SECOND QUESTION,
Which is this,—Is a high scale of prices with
equally high wages, or a low scale of prices with
equally low wages, best for the labouring people
of England?
I would just remark before attempting to
answer, that as increase is mainly acquired in
this country by means of the labour and time of
a hardworking population, so they are most
deeply interested in the right decision of this se-
cond question.
I have often heard it said, and I think it is
generally believed, that if we of this nation can-
not have things cheaper, that is, as I understand,
at lower prices, our manufacturers cannot com-
pete with foreigners. Now whether they can
compete with foreigners or not, I do not know;
but of this I am sure, that they can do it better
with the very reverse of that which they call
cheapness; that is—better with high prices than
with low prices. This may seem strange, but it
is certainly true.
In order to prove this proposition, I say first,
that increase of things to us is our only means of
paying taxes, without the payers becoming
poorer and poorer. I think this position is
herein before proved, and shall therefore assume
that it is admitted by all.
Next, I set down the amount of our taxation
at fbrty millions of pounds in a year. It will not
affect the argument whether it be more or less.
And now will iput a case, which, though it
cannot happen in reality, may be imagined. It
is this.—Let all the increase of one year, from the
land, from the manufacturers, and from every
other source, be brought together into one
market ; and let those who have laboured to
obtain it, or are the owners of it, come together
to the same market. Then let this question be
first put to the assembly : Shall we set a high
price or a low price upon all these things?
After that question has been put, suppose
then, one in the assembly should stand up
and say to the people—" Remember that
you have to pay forty millions of pounds for
taxation out of these very things; and know,
that out of nothing else can you afford to pay :
and if you determine to put a low price upon
them, you must of course part with a greater
bulk to raise that sum than if they were put at a
higher price ; and thus, by parting with a greater
bulk, you will have less remaining for yourselves.
On the contrary, if you put a high price upon
these things, you need not part with so much
to raise the forty millions ; and the differ-
ence will be your own ; which will enable you
to sell, so much as you may have to sell, to fo-
reigners at a reduced price, or give the differ-
ence to them if you please, without being in a
worse condition than you would have been, by
fixing the prices low."
In continuation of these imaginary proceed-
ings, let us suppose an extreme case ;—that the
assembly should put so low a price upon the
year's productions, as that the total thereof
should amount to no more than forty millions of
pounds; it is plain then that the year's taxa-
tion would have swept away the whole ; and the
assembly might then- go to their homes, with-
out taking back anything to sell at all.
Again, take another view. Suppose the price
of thingS were to be reduced to one-half' of what
they are now, so that the manufacturer, instead
of giving one pound to a workman fbr a week's
wage, should get two week's work done for the
same money. Now then, what would be the
result in this ease ? In the first place, we may
see that taxation would be doubled ; for the fund-
holder would still receive the same number of
pounds as at present; but every pound of. his
would purchase two weeks' work like the manu-
facturer's instead of one only as the matter stands
now. And, likewise, every pound of the fund-
holder's would purchase twice as much of every-
thing else, because everything is, by the suppo-
sition, understood to be reduced to half-price.
The fund-holders, thereby, would possess a
double portion of time goods of the nation with-
out doing anything to merit more than the half.
But some may say, Oh yes, but think how
much work may be done for half the cost.
Would not that enable them to compete
with the foreigner, and get large profits too? I
say, No. For, besides the drawback of double
taxation, making an increase thereto of forty
millions a year, but few in England could better
afford to give more than half the price for goods
they had been used to give before; and so there
would be no advantage in that part of the affair.
Then with regard to foreign trade. It may lie
admitted that if gold and silver could be brought
home in return for exported goods, there would
be a. greater profit to those concerned in the trade,
if it could be carried far enough to out-balance

pursued by their enemies, but the barrels
of two muskets pointing from behind a tree
stopped the latter in the pursuit, and another
shower of spears was sent by each party.
Presently one of the muskets was fired at a
Port Stephen black, who was in a crouching
position, and was endeavouring in that man-
ner to make his way to some of his friends
who were fighting . under cover of a fence. The
ball struck him in the nose, and he instantly
fell. The Maitland blacks then retreated in
the direction of Mr. Holden's house, and were
pursued by the Port Stephen men, with loud
;yellings. The chase continued for about four
or five hundred yards, when they came up with
a black of the Wollonibi tribe, at whom 10
of twelve spears were thrown, but none of
them took effect. At length one man came up
with him, and knocked him down with his
waddie ; he was then speared in the thigh and
knee, and three or four coning up they knocked
out his brains with their waddies. The back
part of the poor fellow's head was lite-
rally beaten to pieces. The Port Stephen men
apparently satisfied with this retaliation, gave
lover the pursuit, and returned to Mr. PilCher's
paddock to the man who had been shot, and who
was not then dead ; he died, however, shortly after-
wards. The Maitland blacks and their friends re-
treated into the bush near Stoney Creek, and
the Port Stephen and Paterson tribes almost
immediately left the ground, and, coming down
the hill, crossed the river. Two or three hours
afterwards two of them returned and buried the
man who had been shot. There appeared to be
about fifty men on each side. The cause of the
quarrel could not be clearly ascertained. One of
the Maitland men told constable 'rouge that it
had arisen from the Port Stephen blacks having
stolen their blankets; but this can hardly be
correct, as the fighkappears to have been deter-
mined on for somcjime past ; some of the Mait-
land men having been heard to say early in the
week that they expected the Port Stephen tribe
to come to fight them during the race week.
Some of them have told other persons that the
quarrel arose from the Maitland blacks having
some time ago killed one of the Port Stephen
tribe. An inquest was held on the bodies of
the two men who had been killed on Thursday
afternoon, at the Northumberland Hotel.
The Coroner was anxious to discover, if
possible, by whom time blacks had been
furnished with fire-arms, as there is a
penalty of 201. upon any person so doing. It
appeared from the evidence of constable Tonge,
that one of the blacks of the Glendon tribe said
that the arms were given to them by Mr. Scott,
I of Glendon, for the purpose of shooting ducks.
A musket which had been hid in the head of a
tree, and the lock of which was a good deal out
of repair, and an empty powder-horn marked P.,
which had been found after the battle was over,
were produced at the inquest.. The jury returned
a verdict of Wilful Murder against some per-
sons unknown, supposed to be aboriginal blacks,
and the Coroner said he should cause an inquiry
to be instituted, to ascertain whether the arms
had been given them by Mr. Scott, and for what
purpose. A post mortem examination was made
on the bodies of both the men who were killed,
by Dr. Sloan ; the body of the one who had
been buried being exhumed for that purpose,
He was buried in a very shallow grave, near the
spot where he was shot, wrapped in his blanket,
and a sheet of bark laid under him, with his
broken waddie by his side.

INCENDIARISM IN EDFORDSLIIRE.—WO under-
stand that Government have sent down three detective police-
men to assist the constabulary of this county is the detection
of the villians who have committed the late acts of incen-
diarism on farming property. We are happy to state, that the
farmers aro also exerting themselves for the protection of
their property and the prevention of this crime, by
placing watchmen on their premises ; and, as instances of
the advantages of this system, we may state, that on
Thursday last, William Bone was fully committed to Hertford
gaol, by the bench of magistrates at Luton, for setting fire to
Mr. Rudd's farm, called Gouche's farm, near Dunstable. On
the 26th Robert Truett, a labourer in the employ of Mr.
Swannell, was remanded by the Rev. J. B. Magenis and the
Rev. Vere Alston, until Monday, on a charge of having set fire
to the farm of Mr. :Swannell, at Telmersham... Cambridge
Advirtior.

to the trade. But
r
HINTS TOUCHING TAXATION. the increased taxation attaching
trui
The following hints are written, not fur those it has been said, and probably :y said, in answer
who understand the subject, but for those who to this, that a trade upon
friend, W. G.:— bringing back of gold and sieve r, cannot be
do not; by their
TWO QUESTIONS, WITH ANSWERS. long carried on; for that foreigners leave those
First—Front what source is it that taxes are metals not in such plenty .corn- and other
paid? foreign produce must be taken. If so.„ then little
Secondly—ls a high scale of prices, with or no advantage would be gained in fort ign- trade
equally high wages, or a low scale of prices, with by having half prices at home, because such fo-
equally low wages, best for the labouring people reign produce, when imported into '.lEngiand,
Z could not be sold above such English half prices.
of Eng
ANSWER Tel VIRST QUESTION. What prospect is there then, under the , circum-
The source from whence takes and other such stances of this supposed case, of any I'breign
imposts can be raised, withoutimpoverishing the trade being so carried on as to counterbolance
people oralienating their property, is those thiogs the extra taxation of forty millions a year, which
which may be very properly termed increase. it has been shown it would
thetaat iup on the tax-
This term, increase, is meant to embrace every paying people generally ofon
thing of the following description, beyond our Hence it may be seen that lower p:rices in-
present and titture necessary stock or capital of crease taxation, and o the contrary, that hig er
h
such things ; that is to say—all such things as prices reduce taxation n : and therefor e the second
accrue, from season to season, through the uestion is answered by proving—a high scale of
prices with equally high wages is best for the
bounty of Providence; and every thing which, p
from time to time, may be obtained by art and labouring people of England.
labour, and which shall be valuable in the esti- And now it may be asked, How is thili thing
mation of the public, be that what it may. There to be done? I apprehend, if it be done, it must
is no other source whielt can supply the demands be through a judicious enlargement of ou:r pre-
of taxation, or other such impositions, for any sent circulating medium of exchange—th at is,
considerable length of time, without causing the money. It cannot be done with our exi sting
alienation of property, or beggaring the great stoc enough and silver. These are nothing
bulk of the people. like for the purpose, for these can repre-
I think it is generally believed, that persons sent but a small portion of our immense produc-
of property contribute, out of such property, tions, at our present prices. But all I shall now
most largely towards defraying taxation ; but further say on this point is, that to establlsht high
my view of the case is, that many such persons prices there must be a commensurate circukttmg
scarcely contribute anything towards supporting medium. W. G.
that burden. The landowners, who are entitled
to the spontaneous increase upon their lands,
may, from that source of increase, so . far
as they can avail themselves of it, be con-
sidered as contributors thereto; but that spon-
taneous increase forms but a small portion of the
increase from the land, raised by means of the
labour and time of others.
It' the premises be true, then all those persons
who are entitled to the spontaneous increase
from the land, and all those who labour or apply
their time and talents in raising or procuring in-
crease of the description before given, are, as
one body, the payers of taxes.
The following question has been put to me.
When a rich man drinks wine which is heavily
taxed, does not he pay that tax ? My answer was
—No; not necessarily so. He may lend or ad-
vance the money for a short time, until he can re-
pay himself from the only tax-paying source in
existence, that is increase. For suppose he be a
non-labouring landlord who drinks the taxed
wine. In the first place, he advances the money
to pay for the taxed wine ; after that, at, the
next rent day, lie receives, or expects to receive,
from his tenant, that money which shall repay
the expense of the wine. But the tenant is not,
therefore, the ultimate payer for the wine (ex-
cept so far as his own labour is concerned), for
he 'obtains the money by the sale of increase
raised by labour on the farm. It is therefore
from increase that the tax is paid in this case ;
and they who are most instrumental in producing
such increase are the greatest payers of the tax.
Again, suppose the drinker of taxed wine is a
moneyed man, who had lent his money on
interest to a manufacturer. He, like the land-
lord in the preceding case, first advances the
money to pay for the taxed wine; after that,
at the set day, he receives, or expects to re-
ceive from the borrower, that interest money
which will repay the expense of the wine. But the
borrower is not therefore the ultimate payer for
the wine, (except so far as his own labour and
skill are concerned), for he obtains the interest
money by the sale of increase produced by art
and labour. It is therefore from increase in
manufactured articles that the tax is paid in this
case ;—and they who are most instrumental in
producing such increase are the greatest payers
of the tax.
To suppose otherwise; that is, to suppose taxes
were not paid out of increase, but out of capital
or stores, then see the result. The non-labour-
ing owner of land, without any other property,
who should let his land lie without cultivation at
all, would not be in the receipt of anything
wherewith to pay taxes; and the only means he
would have of paying taxes would be by giving
up portions of his land, year after year, until the
whole were gone out of his possession.
The moneyed man too, who should not labour
or possess other kind of property, and who
should lock up his money in a chest, would not
be in the receipt of anything wherewith to pay
taxes: and the only means he would have of
paying taxes would be by giving portions of his
money, year atter year, out of his chest, until
the whole were gone.
And now, conceiving that what has been here
stated sufficiently shows that it is from increase
alone we are enabled to pay taxes, rents, interest
of borrowed capital, &c., with this uncterstand•
tug, I shall proceed to answer

:NG AT

ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETI
OLDHAM.
On Tuesday evening, pursuant to placards and advertise-
ment, a large public meeting was held in the Town-hall, at
Oldham, in aid of the great Anti-Corn-law League Fund of
100,000/. Mr. Joseph Gillham, senior head constable, pre-
sided. Though admission was only had by tickets, price 6d.,
the large room, which is capable of holding upwards ,of 1,000
persons (having an area of 242 square yards), was well filled,
with a respectab:e assemblage, including a number of ladies.
The room, which was tastefully decorated, was brilliantly
lighted by three handsome candelabra, of bright and burnished
gold, each containing eight argand gas burners. These can-
delabra have just been fixed in the hall, and greatly improve
its appearance. They cost 150/.
Owing to a delay in the starting from the Manchester
station of the railway, of the principal speakers of the evening..
caused by the immense number of Oldham persons returning
from Manchester (so that the train which should have started,
at five o'clock was three-quarters of an hour later), the chair
was not taken until seven o'clock.
The CHAIRMAN, in opening the proceedings, read letters
from Mr. Alderman Brooks, Mr. Brotherton, M.P., and Mr.
James Lees, of Delph Lodge, expressing their regret at being
unable to attend.
The meeting was then addressed by Colonel Thompson, in his
usual quaint and pithy style ; by Mr. Cobden, in a powerful
and argumentative speech, addressed chiefly to the working
classes, and considering the corn-laws as a wages and labour
question ; and by Mr. R. R. Moore, who showed by details,
respecting the hat trade of Oldham, and the exports of hats,
that with high prices of wheat our experts fell off, and in-
creased when wheat fell. He also explained the progress of the
League, and how it had employed the large sums previously
contributed, and concluded by calling on the meeting to begin
the new year well.
The CHAIRMAN said, he was not able this year (as his
losses had been severe) to double his subscription. He would
give 100/.--i Applause.)
Mr. Moons then announced other subscriptions : —Mears.
Lees and Mills, Waterhead Mill, 40/. (double last year's sub-
scription) ; Messrs. Gartside and Msyall, 40/. ; iNiessrs. T..
and H. Nelson, 301. (double); Mr. James Cheetham, 201. v.
Mr. James Butterworth, Greenacres Moor, 20/. (quadruple);
Messrs. Seville and Wolstenhohne, Lower loor, 201.; Messrs
Marsden and Collinge, of Hollins Mill, 201. (double) ;
John Bentley, head-constable, 10/. ; Mr. Eli Lees, Soho, 101.
Messrs. Whittaker, of Royton, 101. (double) ; Messrs. John
Holden and Brothers, Holden Fold, 10/. ; Messrs. George
Holden and Son, Royton-lane, 20/. (double) ; Messrs.
Lees and Barnes, Soho, 20/. ; Mr. John Peatt, Hart-
ford Iron-works,lol. (double) • Mr. James Greaves, Dirtcars
301. (double) ; Mr. John Chadwick, Rhodes Mill, 101. ; Mr.
William Wilde, Belfield, 10/. ; Mr. James Wilde, Mumps, 101.;
Messrs. James Cheetham and Sons,_ Clough Mill, Crompton,
101. (new) ; Mr. Thomas West, Union-street, 51. (last year
21.) ; Mr. Joseph Baxter, Hollinwood, bl. (new) ; Mr.
Thomas Mellor, Royton, Si. (five fold) ; Mr. Samuel Riley,
Market-place, 5/. Oast year 21.) ; Messrs. Dyson and Brother,
Greenacres, 10/. (double) ; and at least 150 other subscrip-
tions varying from 20/. to one shilling. Among other notices
of subscriptions were—" A Bolus for Peel," 20/.; " Total and
Immediate Repeal, and No Compromise," 201.; A Friond,lo/4
A Few Friends from Waterhead Mill, 301.: making a total of
Eight Hundred and Sixty Pounds.—(lmmense cheering.)
Mr. Moore concluded by proposing " Three cheersfor Repeal,r
which were given with hearty good will.
The CHAIRMAN proposed a vote of thanks to the gentlemen
who had addressed the meeting, which passed by acclamation.
and was acknowledged by
Mr. CocnErr, who said he felt grateful pleasure and some
astonishment. For the size of the meeting, he had never at-
tended one with more spirit than the present one. He moved
vote of thanks to the Chairman, which passed with three cheert
The CHAIRMAN called for " three cheersifor the Queen,
which,were given with spirit.
Mr. ALEXANDER. TAYLOR moved a resolution of sympathy
with Mr. Alderman Brooks, whose absence was caused by the
serious illness of his only daughter.
Mr. Moons moved a vote of thanks to the ladies, which
being passed by acclamation, the proceedings terminated a fese
minutes after eleven o'clock.

, , • .. , , _. t •

Goods delivered ill all]
Country orders amounting to 61.

Lain.
Bucklersbury, Cheapside.

MANSELL and CO., 2,

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—From the accounts in the newspapers, Lon-
don appears in a tumult respecting remedies for the
existing distress, its crisis have actually reached the
ears of a Bishop. But in all this anxiety for affording
relief, I see nothing mixned at to prevent that which
appears to have led to the extensive inquiry now going
on—l mean the victims found in the Park. Though
the Bishop of London has consented to become •
Christian, and move in this wide field of his duty, I
see no mention (in this as in every other charitable
exertion) of the Duke of Wellington. Still the Duke
might do a great deal. llr this respect Peel is•
his superior, he does subscribe to charities, and'
it shall be related of him, when his plausible
tongue has ceased to wag, that at a time
of intense and universal distress, caused and
continued in some degree by his own obstinacy—at $
time when mothers were weeping over children
crying for bread—at a time wham thousands
either died from actual starvation, or' the seeds
of death were sown by want—he subscribed
five thousand pounds for building churches. The
people asked for bread and he gave piles of stones.
The large subscriptions paraded in the newspapers at
the present time, are a wicked mockery of the nations'
distress.
But to return to the Duke. It was alleged byt.l

think, the Morning Herald, that the victims found
the park were from the country, they had follow'e.'
the soldiers, by whom they had been debauched, di,'
seased, and then deserted : and I observe a paragraPP
in your paper of the 21st ult. from the Leeds Tinie*
headed " Regimental Love Scene," which, being Is 7
terpreted, is merely an account of the manufacture or
similar victims, by the same parties, the military.
The account is evidently intended as a laughable
affair, and no doubt would be so oily for the cons!'
quence, any one can see, must have ensued,
disease, desertion, &c. The scene "craning of young
women up, four or five at once into barracks,'
laughable ; and " some few more devoted of them ae-
tually contrived to hide themselves in the railvesi
carriages, and went forward to Manchester,"
also be laughable; but of the less devoted, whie,
6
seems to have been the greater division, no accountaccountl,.
given, " some few only" reached Manchester, the re"
no doubt became victims.
The position of the Duke just now, and the Soo"'
reign now on the Throne, gives him a fine opP°r
tunity ot doing honour to himself and his Sovereign''by adopting some means to check the systematic
licentiousness of the army. It is a disgrace to
the British soldier that he cannot, even for a short
time, be quartered in any place, but he leaves the,
roarlis of demoralisation in living characters bell's'
him. Private soldiers are somewhat like children"'
they faithfully copy the manners of those plecle
above them ; and I fear imitation of officers is P:tl
principal source whence springs this reeklessnessii,
morals. The military seem to enter a town preuer
terinined to ruin its fair inhabitants; the ravages °

peace are exchanged for the ravages of war. - or
This licentiousness the Duke might considerably,
check by a general order, carrying a penalty of al. ;
missal to all officers guilty of seduction or crim. 0./10
and making them ineligible to hold any commist,le,,
in the service. In the case of privates, corporals, °de'
they could be punished by confinement, and stoPPflll-4
of pay for a certain time. I do not expect an ar"-el,
of' " Josephs," but something should be done to cheo
this wholesale system of making victims for Par
and other places.
Your Constant Reader,
X., COMMERCIAL TRAVEL'.
Clonmel, Dec. 27, 1843

S'
.
TEA s AT WHOLESALE PRIG '-oi
1
Good Common Black 3s. Od. Fiae Pekoe Souchonft...46' 4i'
Strong Cor.gou ... ..... ...3s. 4d. Superior ditto ......... •••411. Od'
Fine ditto, Pekoe flavour..3s. Sd. Finest ditto imported•••6°.
COFFEE. , , 6,1'
Good Common Os. 9d. Finest Java .....,"- Pl'
Ceylon, sound and sweet...ls. Od. Ditto Cuba ............ ..•'-' OP
Fine do., recommended ...Is. 2d. Finest Mocha .........••'9l•
Finest Ceylon, rich and I
mellow

(parts of Town daily. f 00°
~ sent free to all parts 0-

mmommar.to•CiLac.......lll2llllL
---- -
BIRTHS.
On the 25th of November, at Corfu, the wife of i
Fitz Herbert, of the Rifle Brigade, of a daughter. , _ wife °
On the 30th ult., at Bishopsgate-street Witkout, tri.
Mr. James Frith, wine-merchant, of a daughter.
_v C. 6
On the Ist inst, at Stanton, the lady of the R.' '
Cotes, of a son.

- -
MARRIED.
On the 3d inst., at St. James's Church,
L. Jones, of Salt-hill, Kingstown, near Dublin, to
daughter of Alexander Lowe, Eaq _Mericleot

%
DIED. esio Ile
do
On the 19th of July last, at Wellington, New
Hunter, Esq., Major of that settlement.
_.----„ ot
nErAmla. ,--------lj S U 9
- - - - ------
yo •10
London: inted and Published by MURDO „top I
No. 112, Strand, at The Sux Office, No. 112,,4.
the County of Middleseh Thursday, January 4, 17'