The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY MORNING, .TANITAR-: 5, 1844.

&c. that at the east end for the Leeds passengers,
• And that at the west for the Liv..eepool passengers.
These waiting-rooms have also doors of egress direct
to the railway platform. The saloon itself will
-Ale the gentlemen's waiting-room. This room is
!,lighted by. two handsome candelabra, fitted up with
Mr. Hall's new and brilliant gas-F.ghts. Adjoining
the bar, and connected with a, is a small room
fitted with boiler, &ca to contain anything required
• for immediate use. Below the booking-offices, on
the basement story, is a large coffee-room and chop-
house of similar dimensichs, approached by some
steps from the railway platform. It is fitted up on
the London plan, and. bells are placed in it so as to
indicate the starting; trains to the guests, who, as
they dine, may see the bell ringing for the Leeds,
• Oldham, or Livorpool train, as the case may be.
Adjoining it, en the same (basement.) story, are va-
. rious kitchens, fitted up with cocking apparatus, hot
.:hearths, ovens, as well as the sculleries, pantries, wine
and spirit cellars, ale and porter stores, &c. We un-
derstand that the whole of the establishment for pro-
viding refreshments, including, both the refreshment
saloon, the coffee room, and all the kitchens. ?,tc., has
been taken by Mr. Vantini, the proprietor of the
Euston-square Hotel, at the Birmingham Railway
terminus, in London, and of the North Euston Hotel,
Fleet,x,eal. Mr. Vantiai has also taken the New
Palatine Hotel, adjoining the railway station ; and
both it and the railway establishment here are to be
placed under the entire superintendence and ma-
nagement of his partner, Mr. Maurighey, late the
manager at Mivart's Hotel. Superior cooks, baker,
brewer, &c. are engaged, and the establishment is to
be in the first style of elegance and comfort. Between
the upper refreshment-room and the wings, are
the large and convenient -booking-offices ; there
being two for the Leeds Railway Company, viz, one
of 50ft. lin. by 22ft. 9in. for the first and second class
passengers. This division is made with a view to
separate all the passengers as nearly as possible into
two equal portions, so as to facilitate the booking, the
press of u; Bich is always great in the last few
minutes; and there being more third-class passengers
on this line than of the other two classes together.
The clerks' office is one large room ; but the booking
windows are on opposite sides. Between the booking
offices and the parcel offices, which adjoin on each
side, there is a waiting lobby, and other conveniences
for second or third-class passengers. Amongst these
is a separate waiting-room for third-class female pas-
sengers. Beneath Mr. Hall's house, in the basement
story, are rooms for the porters, in which to wait and
take their meals, during the hours of attendance at
the station.

GENERAL PASLEY'S INSPECTION.

On Friday morning last, Major-General Pasley,
the Government Inspector of Railways, was met at
the Victoria station by Messrs. Henry Houldsworth,
Chairman of the Board of Directors, Robert Gill,
Managing Director, IVilliam Entwistle, Deputy
Chairman, and Gooe'n, the principal Engineer of
the Company, for the purpose of inspecting the ex-
tension line, prior to its opening. A special train
-was provided, consisting of an engine and tender and
two carriages, which, although they have been in use
on the line for some months, we believe have not yet
been fully described. We may, therefore, briefly
advert to their construction here. Both these car-
riages are constructed from designs of Mr, H. Houlds-
-worth, and are intended chiefly for summer use. The
Tourist forms one apartment, with a high dais occu-
pying the centre third of the floor from end to end.
On this dais are placed at intervals two seats, backed
by (idlers, in all 16 on the dais. On the lower floor
t.:nere are five seats on each tilde, which turn up, and
'then leave a passage all inund. Four other seats are
in the 'corners, making 'a total of 14 on the lower floor,
the occupants of wkich, when seated, do not at all ob-
struct the view 'of those seated on the dais. The car-
riage is thus capable of containing 30 passengers.
Beside 07. e windows at the side, there are wooden
ir. the covering of the roof, which, when drawn
(4oi,vn,. open wire-gauze ventilators, which let in the
air, without admitting those draughts which are some-
times so injurious in the second-class carriages. For
this application of wire-gauze we believe a patent has
been obtained: The dais is fitted up with carpets,
&c. ; and each end of the Tour iBt is lined with looking-
glass, and has small ventilators for winter we. The
*Aber carriage, named the Gondola, is somewhat dif-
-lerent in construction. It has open ends, like " stand-
ups," from which doors open into a small but elegant
saloon, each side of which is occupied by a sofa,
covered with crimson velvet, and capable of seating
six persons. There is a let-down seat within each
door, so that this little centre will seat a party of 14,
-who may have greater freedom of movement than in
the ordinary railway carriages, and may, from time
to time, walk out into the air, either in front or rear
of the saloon. In this carriage, we believe, General
Pasley and the Directors, and gentlemen we have
named, proceeded at ten o'clock on Friday morning
from the Victoria station to the top of the extension
line, whence the General walked back to the station,
not on the rails, but under the arches of the viaduct,
inspecting, them as to solidity, &c. Again ascending
to the Victoria station, he there inspected all the
buildings, the approaches, the turn-tables and rails,
and then again proceeded, by means of a locomo-
tive, to the place where the stationary engines are
fixed. Having inspected them, and the works of
this part of the line, the General next expressed
a desire to see the working of the Oldham branch,
which, as many of our readers are aware, being an
incline from the main line, ascending 1 in 27, has
been worked for some time by means of a counter-
poise, which descends a parallel line as the train
ascends, and thus overcomes all the resistance of
weight. which otherwise would render it impossible
for a locomotive to draw a single carriage up the

General Pasley expressed himself very well satisfied
-with the solid and substantial character of the works
generally, and gave the usual sanction to the Company,
to open the line at any time. The extension was ac-
cordingly opened, as we have stated, on Monday last.
All the establishment of clerks, booking-offiees, por-
ters, &c., connected with the passengers, was removed
to it from the Oldham-road Station, on that day ; the
Oldham-road station being still used, but for goods
only ; and the business offices of the Company, the
secretary's offices, board room, &c., will still continue
at that station, and not be removed to Hunt's Bank.
There is ample convenience and accommodation at
the Oldham-road station for storing large quantities
of goods. The line is there carried over the streets
at a considerable height ; but, by means of a double
Isoist (one half ascending as the other descends), easy
access is obtained to the level below ; the hoist being
capable of raising or lowering a waggon of goods, of
from eight to ten tons' weight. The arches below the
line are admirably adapted for warehousing purposes,
and the Company has also a considerable quantity of
land adjoining, great part of which is laid with rails
in various directions, to facilitate the receiving and de-
livering
of goods, loading: and unloading the waggons,
&c. Altogether, it is computed, the Company pos-
sess at the goods station not less than eight acres of
land, all applicable to the purposes of the goods
traffic: At and around the Victoria station, notwith-
standing its centrality, the Conip2ny possess no less
than about thirteen acres of land, laid out as we have de-
scribed, in approaches, in the line, &c., and sidings,
In the various offices, arrival and departure plat-
&c.; a part only lying between the carriage-
way and the river Irk, being as yet unappropriated,
except- that at one point, nearly opposite the centre
of the station-house, a foot-bridge has been carried
from the carriage-way, across the low ground and
over the river Irk, so as to give an entrance into
Long Millgate, just by the end of Mr. Richard
Roberts's mill, and near Todd-street. This, which
may be regarded only as a temporary means of ap-
proach and outlet for passengers to and from that
quarter of the town, is fast approaching completion.
If, however, a proposed improvement be carried out,
which would continue the carriage-drive from Hunt's
bank, nearly in a direct line to Ducie Bridge, thus
forming a very desirable junction with the Cheet-
ham Hill road—the means of access from that
suburb, not only to the railway, but to the
Exchange, and the lower part of the town
generally, would be very greatly improved.
While mentioning proposed improvements in
connexion with the extension line and the Victoria
station, we may notir;e, that the Liverpool Railway
Company have liberally consented to erect a foot-
bridge alongside .of the railway bridge they are about
to throw over the Irwell (which is to be iron, of one
arch, 120 feet span) ; and the inhabitants of Greengate
and Strangcways will thus be furnished with the
means of fee and ready communication. Another
bridge ovisr the Irwell is also contemplated, at a point
opposite the Palatine Hotel. This is proposed to be a
bridge,both for foot passengers and carriages; and
alreesly estimates have been made of the cost (said to
be about 4,0001.), towards which 3,0001., it is stated,
}.as already been subscribed by the authorities of
.Manchester and Salfbrel, and Mr. Samuel Brooks,
the owner of a considerable portion of the land ad-
joining the river on the Salford side. These va-
rious improvements, if carried out, will greatly
change the appearance and character of that entrance
to the town, which, from being proverbially the
worst,sis likely to become the best and most direct
road in point of convenience, and the greatest tho-
roughfare in point of traffic ; combining, as it will,
the greater part of the carriage communication from
the .New Bury Road and the Cheetham Hill Road,
together with much from Salford, and the whole of
the arrivals and departures by the Liverpool and
:Manchester and Manchester and ,Leeds Railways. We
understand that the distance from the station to the
Manchester Exchange has been carefully measured,
and found to be just 494 yards.
The Victoria Station, though a joint one for the use
of the two Comps-riles, has been entirely executed by,
the..Leeds.Company, who have erected the suite of
offices, and complete 4 the works of. the line, the ap-
proaches, The whole has bee4i under the ma-
4ftgemalt and superintendence of Mr. Goocht the

principal engineer of the Company, and reflects the
greatest credit on him, on Mr. Forsyth, the ,"„tant..
1
engineer (who has had the persona! ,upervision of the
greater part of the w;„"), and 011 Mr. Thomas
Brogden , the ‘:,untractor for the whole of the works of
the atation and approaches.
We understand that the omnibus establishment of
the Company, which was quite necessary while the
passenger station Was in Oldham Road, is now con•
siderably reduced, being limited mainly to the omni-
buses plying between the Victoria Station and the
present station of the Liverpool Railway, in Liver-
pool Road. We believe, however, that omnibuses
from the principal hotels will ply to and from the
Victoria Station, at small charges. Every accommo-
dation will be given to the public, in the requisite
supply of coaches, cabs, &c., which will be allowed to
stand on the carriage-drive of the approach, just
without the gates of the station, a certain number
being admitted within the gates before the arrivals of
the trains.

On inquiring at the station yesterday morning, we
learned that the new half-hourly short trains to Miles
Platting, &c., had filled very well throughout the
day, and that no accident of any kind had arisen to
mar the satisfaction of a successful opening. We
learn that the stationary engines and endless rope are
not yet in operation, though quite perfect. The trains
during the day were taken up the incline by two en-
gines, which drew twelve carriages with ease. Each
tram has with it a loaded, small, square waggon,
called the brake waggon, which is provided with a
brake so powerful as to be thereby enabled to stop
the train at any part of the incline, in case of acci-
dent. Thus there is no accident that could take
place, even the breaking of the endless chain, or the
fiiilure of the stationary engine, that could cause more
than a few minutes' delay.
To some extent connected with this station, flank-
ing the entrance to the inclined approach to the
railway from Great Ducie-street, is an edifice of con-
siderable size, erected for the proprietor, Mr. Robert
Gill, by Mr. Bellhouse, from a design by Messrs. I.
and J. i Holden, of this town. It has been named
the Palatine Hotel, and stands on the site of the
College Inn (formerly the Castle Inn), and the ad-
joining land between the College wall and the
street. This handsome and capacious structure pre-
sents a frontage towards Great Ducie-street of 110
feet, and a semicircular return front along the ap-
proach to the station. The style of its architecture
is what is called the early Italian, or Romanesque ;
and the whole of the front is constructed of the
same material as the station-house—the pierre-point
stone—which has a very good and pleasing effect.
In conclusion, we may express our gratification at
so large a portion of this important line of railway
,junction and communication being effected within the
town—indeed, so near the very heart of the town—
yet at so comparatively small a sacrifice of valuable
property. The centrality of the Hunt's Bank Sta-
tion, and the advantages we have adverted to, will be
the more striking when it is considered, that
(when the Liverpool junction is finished) it
will be the point from which the transit from
this ,town will be commenced on the following
railways :—Manchester and Leeds Railway and
thence to Selby and Hull; also by the junction with
the great eastern lines of railway from London north-
ward to Scotland ; with the North Midland and its
extension southward towards Birmingham, Derby,
and the midland counties ; and with the York and
North Midland line to York, Newcastle, and Edin-
burgh. The Manchester and Bolton Railway, with
its continuation to Preston and Lancaster. The Liver-
pool and Manchester Railway, with the Bolton branch;
the North Union to Wigan and Preston, and thence
to Lancaster, Carlisle, and Newcastle, and the north-
western line to Scotland.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.

TlMES.—There seeing to brood over Ireland
a heavy curse, which can neither be expiated by
calamities nor mitigated by time. She has grown
from a fief of the Crown to a dukedom, from a
dukedom to a province, from a province to a
kingdom ; from a kingdom, she has become the
associate of England in legislative rights and im-
perial power; yet, in all her stages of progressive
rise, in every condition, and under every sway,
she has retained the same distinctive character
of dissension, violence, and treachery. Blessed
with a soil, compared with which in many parts
English corn fields are barren, she has turned
this blessing to a bane, and produced for the
astonishment of Europe, and the multiplication
of her own disasters, a ragged, slovenly, and
' starving peasantry. Boasting a population which
individually presents stronger traits of cheerful-
ness, good humour, and courage, of reckless
daring and more reckless free-thinking, than any
other nation in Christendom, at the same time
she startles us with the sombre records of san-
guinary vindictiveness, treacherous cowardice,
sullen resentment, and degraded superstition,
such as darken the annals of no other people.
Inexplicable confusion of cause and effect, action
and reaction, persecution and revenge 1 Curious
and foiling labyrinth of tortuous maladies ! Per-
plexing cycle of political errors and moral sins !
Well may a Minister proclaim Ireland to be his
'difficulty. Well may a faction proclaim Ireland
to be its hope. The wise physician will
despond, and the juggling quack will
exult, over the infirmities of a State
which can bear neither disease nor its re-
medy. We are reminded of religious differ-
ences, of political dissensions. We are told that
Ireland is discomposed, because she is partly
Papist, partly Protestant. But is Ireland the
only country in Europe whose people do not
agree in their religious creeds? Is Belgium all
Catholic ?or Russia all Protestant? Is there no
Protestantism in France ? Is there no Popery.
in Germany ? Yet nowhere are religious differ-
ences pleaded in excuse of social animosities as
they are in Ireland. But we are told also of the
mixture of hostile races as a mischief not less
fatal than the confusion of repulsive creeds.
The Saxon and the Celt,—this is the cause of
Irish tumult, of Irish bloodshed, and Irish
misery. " The Saxon lord, the Celtic serf."
And this Irishmen of education, at least, if not
of wisdom—of lore, if not of reflection—de-
claim on every hustings and repeat at every
gathering, until an irritable peasantry catch the
wild cry as it passes, and cheer one another on
in the fatuous and fatal creed that they are poor,
because Henry 11. raised his standard in the
Pale, and degraded because their country has
been assimilated to the laws and constitution of
England. We are not now reasoning on
the absurdity of such a belief. We are
stating it as an ominous fact in the
history of Ireland, that a prejudice, which
elsewhere has been dissipated by circumstances
or modified by time, is there more potent than
ever. In other lands time has blended the con-
querors and the conquered into one common
fitmily. Alliances have fused the most hostile,
interest has reconciled the most repugnant races;
and what neither interest nor marriage could
effect, the silent march of 'years has brought
about. Who in England now thinks of Saxon
or Norman ? What rational man in Scotland
cares for Gaelic or Saxon descent ? There is in-
deed a generous pride iu the recollection of
generic names, and the preservation of ancestral
fame; but how nobly and how gainfully have
national antipathies and particular jealousies been
sacrificed at the shrine of that comprehensive
patriotism which has inspired the descendants
of the Norman, the Saxon, and the Highlander
to forget all but their common' fitith- and fealty
to Great Britain! And yet An. Ireland this un-
hallowed potency of traditionary hate still pre- I
vails—more dangerous because concentrated
within narrower limits. It was the worst sign of
the worst times in ancient Greece, when each
particular city saw the subdued flames of heredi-
tary faction re-appear—when each petty State
was divided between the representatives of
Spartan and Athenian ascendancy, and every
family owed at once its precedence and
its perils to its connexion with one or
the other of these two States : the worst
signs that Ireland now exhibits are the
mutual jealousies of its distinct classes, and the
feral hostility of its religious factions. What
have we not seen within the last few months?
We put out of the question assemblies banded
together for the laceration of the empire. But
what have we seen in the social and civil life of
Ireland? In broad daylight, on the day of
Christian worship, when people were going to
and fro on the errand of penitence and supplica-
tion, a murder perpetrated by ruffian ferocity, at
the same time upon the feebleness of age and the
weakness of sex. Such a murder as Mr. Wal-
ler's no modern country but Ireland could wit-
ness; and, we believe, no county in Ireland but
Tipperary. This murder is committed in the
day, the perpetrators leave the house stained
with the bloody marks of a desperate resistance,
yet no one challenges them, no one arrests their
progress, no one remembers to have seen them.
Mr. Waller was a landlord! A few weeks elapse,
and Meath becomes the scene of a murder no less
deliberately planned, though less ferociously exe-
cuted, than its Tipperary model. Mr. Sherlock, an
industrious first-class farmer, is assassinated on
his return home at night. There is no clue
to the detection of the murderers. He was a
landowner!! A letter from " A Munster Far-
pier" will suggest to the memory other crimes
not less heinous and not more explicable. Can
we, then, wonder at the fear which is expressed
in a leading Dublin paper, that there exists a
conspiracy to exterminate the landowners
throueliout Ireland ? Or can we wonder that the
magistracy of Ireland,
dangers, v ii]
shouldamid us
suchabsec:
o scenes
aril exposed to such

P..", at Bandon, coldly exercise, the civil privi-
leges with which their station invests them, and
even refuse to men whose political hostility they
know, and whose personal vindictiveness they
suspect, the possession of weapons which may
be employed in their own destruction ? Thus
does tear act upon power, and power generate
injustice. The Celtic peasant fires at his half.
Saxon landlord, the half-Saxon landlord avenges
himself by debarring his half-Celtic neighbour
from the rights granted him by a Saxon Par-
liament! Who can deny the misery of the
Irish peasantry ? Who will affirm, universally,
the wickedness or the injustice of the Irish land-

lords? There is no Intellectual weakness so
common or so contemptible as that which
leads men to indulge in the wholesale praise
or censure of classes and castes. It is not only
a logical error, but a sin against morality. Some
landlords have been careless, some harsh,
some oppressively unjust. But is it fair to con-
demn all Irish landlords for the injustice or the
indolence of a section of their class ? We would
not judge of the Irish people by the murders of
Tipperary. We would not judge of the Irish
landlords by the worst specimen of their class.
We have been most desirous that the real wrongs
of the Irish peasantry should be known. We
have been anxious that the full effulgence of
English opinion should penetrate every distant
corner of the sister isle, startling oppression in
its lair and revenge in its lurking-place. Where
men have perverted wealth to the purposes of
cruelty, or office to the ends of injustice, we have
fearlessly and unhesitatingly denounced them.
But we will never give our aid to an indiscrimi-
nate war against the Irish landlords. If some of
them have abused their advantages, almost all
have paid the penalty. We know well what is
the object of the clamour now raised against
them. We know, too, that the system of tenure
in Ireland is most unfortunate ; but it is rather
an effect than a cause. There are other and
graver maladies of deeper root and of deadlier
operation.
The recent affray in New Zealand has stimu-
lated alarm and inactivity into earnest prepara-
tion. Immediately after the disastrous contest
at Wairau, the inhabitants of Wellington and its
vicinity offered their services in case an incursion
of the savages should render an armed resistance
necessary. The letter in which the acting ma-
gistrate of the southern district disclaims the
notion of making an appeal to arms, and which
is given in another column, expresses the prin-
ciple by which we think every public officer
ought to be guided in his transactions with the
aborigines of a colonial dependency. Instead of
pampering the fears and rousing the animosity
of the English settlers, Mr. M'Donogh en-
courages them in the belief that the late affair
was the result of inadvertence, and that the na-
tives generally entertain towards them feeling
of amity and good-will.
" Upon receiving the disastrous intelligence," says be,
" I immediately gut myself in communication with those
persons who were in a position to furnish accurate reports on
the subject ; and I have the satisfaction of informing you,
that the natives of Waikanae, at which place Rauparaha
first landed, refused to allow him to remain among them,
lest the friendly relations which had previously subsisted be-
tween them and the English settlers might be destroyed ; and
that I have reason to believe these feelings to be shared by
almost all the natives along the coast. No apprehension,
therefore, of any aggression on their part need be entertained.
In order to strengthen this friendly feeling, I have
published an address to the natives in their own language, and
have caused it to be distributed in all parts of the country ;
which, I trust, will have that effect, by maintaining. a confi-
dence in the justice of the Government, and in the impartial
administration of the law."
These sentiments are further expressed and
confirmed in his letter to the natives, which is
appended to the above address; and their policy
.as well as their justice is testified by the exhorta-
tion which it elicits from the chiefs to their fol-
lowers.
Meanwhile, the inhabitants of Wel-
lington petition Parliament for the establish-
ment of a military force in Cook's Straits, to
protect them from the repeated aggressions of
the aborigines, who, they say, have the power at
any time to massacre the whole British popula-
tion—a consummation often threatened by Rau-
paraha, the chief engaged in the late calamitous
affray. If a military force is already required
for the protection of the British settlers in New
Zealand, all that we can say is, that people at
home have been egregiously duped as to the
character of its population, and the conditions of
its settlement ; or the settlers themselves have
grossly transgressed their own laws of colonisa-
tion, and violated the rights of the aborigines.
When it was first in contemplation to plant this
colony, we heard of nothing else but the moral
influence of the civilized colonists upon their
savage neighbours, and the mutual interest of
the two races to maintain a friendly intercourse
with each other. Now we have a complaint that
Auckland is defended both by police and troops
of the line, whilst Wellington and its neighbour-
hood are exposed to the savage attacks of a san-
guinary foe. We trust .that the fears of which
this petition is eloquent are at least premature, if
not wholly without cause. We do earnestly hope
that all the prospects which were once held out
of a pacific and bloodless colonization will not be
deformed by cruel and bloody animosities, in
which the skill of civilization will vie with the
untutored malignity of barbarism in the deadly
walk of internecine extirpation. Let not the
fears of the New Zealand settlers precipitate
them into a contest which will be attended with
certain success, but no less certain dishonour.
They have undertaken to govern the colony and
subdue its inhabitants by the moral power of
gentleness and justice. It is a great undertaking,
but a noble one. May they be able to perform it
thoroughly.
CHRONICLE.—Senor Gonzales Bravo has
prorogued the Cortes, preparatory to a dissolu-
tion. Verily, this gentleman and his chief,
Narvaez, have adopted the French State maxim
of employing the three requisites for success :
De l'audace—de l'audace—et toujours de l'audace.
A case of unexampled impudence is that of the
editor of the Guiriguay. Thrust into office as a
locum tenens, and not only hooted as unworthy
by his political antagonists, but even condemned
as intolerable by the leaders of his own party,
such as Martinez de la Rosa—for this man to an-
nihilate the Cortes which overthrew successively
Espartero and Olozaga, shows that buffoonery
may triumph where honesty and talent fail. But
Narvaez, it must be admitted, has shown the
great quality of courage—unflinching, indomit-
able courage, which defies alike the military rival,
the political foe, the assassin, and the muti-
neer. Some months back he was a most ob-
noxious exile, repudiated by even the anti-
Esparterists of Barcelona. He gained a footing,
however, at Valencia, and from that moment he
has battled and pushed • his way, setting aside
every rival, till he stands alone, uncontrolled, a
fearless dictator by the side of the throne. It is
evident that .Narvaez has talent and ambition for
anything, and that lie is restrained by neither
scruple nor respect. He came to Spain as the
agent of Louis Philippe and Christina, whom he
has hitherto obeyed and served. But he is not a
man to be long the tool of the beggarly family
policy of either. A fellow like lgarvaez, who
really seems the only individual in Spain with a
head upon his shoulders, cannot but be conscious
of all he might do, either in the way of selfish
or of patriotic ambition. He is annoyed, it is
said, at the pusillanimity of the French King
in not giving his son as husband to
Isabella, and securing the Spanish throne.
He is said not to chime in with the
precious and insincere scheme, of which Lord
Aberdeen was the dupe, viz., the marriage of
the Queen to her Neapolitan uncle. And it
appears that Narvaez has come to some agree-
ment with Don Francisco de Paula. Whether
he has frightened hini (Spanish notabilities of
the present day seem to lose their wits now and
then. in needless alarm—witness Olozaga's
flight), or cajoled him, or sincerely come into his
.
wishes, does not appear. Enough is seen of
Spanish politics at present to make us expect
that which gives interest to history and romance,
viz., the unforseen. And, for our parts, we
should be surprised at nothing. In the mean
time the old Liberal party has re-united in oppo-
sition to the audacious soldier and his Ministerial
puppet. The leading Esparterists and the anti-
Esparterist Liberals met on the 27th, and both
Cantero and Caballero candidly avowed the
fault they had committed in overthrowing Es-
partero. Tardy justice is thus done to the Re
gent, who is already looked to as the only man
capable of saving Spain from the hands of the
Retrogrades and Afrancesados.
POST.—The arrival of an extraordinary cou-
rier yesterday afternoon furnished us with the
means of communicating to our readers, in a
third edition, the important news from Spain
comprised in the Madrid journals of the 27th
ultimo, as well as in our private advices from
that capital. The rumours which we have re-
peatedly noticed, as to the Gonzales-Bravo Ca-
binet designing either a dissolution or a proroga-
tion of the Cortes, were well founded, although it
was not expected that they would come to so
serious a resolution so early. On the 27th a
decree to that effect was published. Great
anxiety was felt as to the effect the suspension of
the sittings of the Cortes would produce, the
influence it would exercise over the provinces
being the principal object of solicitude. The C'or-
responsal of the 27th is the only print of that date
that seems to be already informed of the measure
having been adopted, and it expresses itsastonish-
Ment at it. The Opposition journals, Eveetador
and Eco dwell only on rumours connected with it,
but in such way as to denote the wrath it will ex-

cite in their party. The Eco mentions a meet-
ing, held the day before by the Madrid electors
of Progress party, in which they unani-
mously hoisted the banners of the Ist Septem-
ber, 1840. Most of the journals express them-
selves in favour of the Queen-Mother's return.
In the Asturias a manifestation to that effect has
taken place an address to the Queen having been
signed at Gijon by several thousands of persons,
and- conveyed to the Queen by the Count de Re-
villagigedo and M. Castor Canedo. By a Royal
decree of the 20th ult., countersigned by M.
Carrasso, " the public finances are to administer
from the Ist of January, 1844, the Puertas duties
in all the capitals of provinces and ports where
they are not yet re-established on the finances
account." The preamble to this decree says that
the abolition of the Puertas duties was one of the
measures by which Espartero wanted to render
impossible all Administrations that did not suit
his revolutionary views, and that their revival is
necessary to restore an equilibrium between the
receipts and expenses of the country.
GLOBE.--Some men are born to fame ;
others gradually work their way upward from
obscurity to distinction; a few burst upon the
astonished vision of their contemporaries, and
become the " observed of all observers." Mr.
Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs is of the latter
class. The fame of this worshipful and worthy
civic functionary has travelled far and wide. The
press has largely chronicled his feats. Punch has
burlesqued his punctuality, skill, and fidelity,
as a keeper of cash-accounts pertaining to public
business. The Court of Chancery will shortly
record, if it do not confirm, his claims to
the unlimited and enduring respect and confi-
dence of the citizens of London, and exhibit him
as the model after which all public officers should
endeavour to form their habits. These, it is true,
are perishable records—memorials which may
be obliterated from the public mind by the
action of passing events upon it ; and thus
injustice be done to the now acknowledged
merits of Mr. Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs.
The Rev. Dr. Croly, the Rector of St. Ste-
phen's, Waibrook, the parish of which the
Alderman is Churchwarden, has prevented the
occurrence of an event su much to be deprecated.
The waters of Lethe would be inoperative in pro-
ducing obliviousness of Alderman-Churchwarden
Gibbs' name and achievements. Dr. Croly has
secured to this distinguished character immor-
tality among mortals. The man may die—the
memory of the functionary will survive the tomb.
Dr. Croly has rendered a monument unneces-
sary ; or, if the customary marble record of the
living merits be placed over his remains, the
most appropriate inscription would be in extracts
from the speech of the Reverend Doctor at
the vestry meeting of yesterday. The mira-
culous achievement of " the select"—wrought
iu the presence of Dr. Croly, on the 22d ult.
when they did the work of weeks in a few
minutes—is hit off with a felicity of description
truly graphic. The precautions taken against
interruption, by planting police-officers at the
church doors, and the Alderman's " foolish son
John " at the inner door, which was also locked
against intruders; while the self-chosen and ap-
proved select assembled in the vestry-room,
with the sextoness standing without, her back
to and in contact with the locked door,
to defend the sanctorum of the self-con-
stituted body—the difficulties which the Rev.
Doctor encountered and surmounted in gaining
entrance to this scene of parochial hocus pocus—
the endeavours he used to convince the Wal-
brook Magi of the inutility of the perfbrmance
in which they were engaged—the rapid progress
of the proceedings—and their gratifying result
to Mr. Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs—all these
are sketched by the hand of a master. They
constitute but the back-ground of the picture—
the mere attendants on the chief personage; and
are introduced to give effect to the piece. A full-
length figure of the hero is exhibited—paintedin
a. styleof art which, for the fidelity of the likeness,
commands, and will obtain, general admiration.
The Rev. Doctor supplies a companion-picture to
that already given of Alderman Gibbs, in the
character of Trustee of St. George the Martyr
Apprenticeship legacy. The guinea legacy left I.
by sonic pious parishioner of days long since •
joined to the years before the flood, to be paid to
the Minister of St. Stephen's for preaching a
sermon on Good Friday, had passed into Alder-
man Gibbs' keeping, as perpetual churchwarden;
whence, with considerable difficulty, it was
extricated, and the arrears of eight years—
the whole period of Dr. Croly's incumbency
—paid. Whether Doctor Croly's predeces-
sor was equally successful in obtaining the pious
legacy may be doubted. Alderman-Church-
warden Gibbs' eighteen years' unaudited aecounts
with the parish, when printed and published,
will probably give a satisfactory explanation of
this, and many other parochial mysteries, which
have been lone- concealed, but will be then made
tnanifest. Alluding to the worthy functionary's
skill in keeping the parishioners out of their
church, Dr. Croly, by a flight of genius,
• assumes that Alderman Gibbs would make an
excellent Governor of Newgate. His arrange-
ments for keeping the prisoners in gaol would,
it is thought, be as effectual as those employed
for keeping the parishioners out of church
" He would make a capital Governor of New-
gate, with the wards as a provision for the minor
branches of his family, and, perhaps, the Trea-
surership of the Sheriffs' Fund (!) to complete
the recreations of his cell." The following allu-
sions are too plain to be mistaken, and too
admonitory to the body to which they are
addressed to fail of their effect :—" It is no
matter to me if the livery of London will
harness themselves to his chariot or his sledge—
if the Corporation hold out to him their embrace,
shape 4hemselves into a select vestry, and make
him their perpetual churchwarden—(Laughter)
—if the Board of Aldermen take him into their
boat, and take their chance of the navigation—
(Cheers)—if the Mansion-house feel the weight
of his footsteps, and place him in its tribunal—
(Cheersgtiriteubr)le—l care not. But when I
am told, an ,
yourself about so unim-
portant cls%lha3 u,
o
is nota na
tpersonage the true answer is, that lie
a I
personage." We have said
that Dr. Croly by his speech of yesterday has
immortalised Mr. Alderman Gibbs. He has
done so; but in a style which has effectually
barred his way to the attainment of higher civic
distinction. After such an exhibition of Mr.
Alderman Gibbs as Dr. Croly has supplied, the
Livery of London would be as likely to return
to the Court of Aldermen, as a fit and proper
person to fill the office of Lord Mayor tbr the
ensuing year, one who had been a " surveyor of
the
upon the list. The thing pavements," as the Alderman who now stands
next
is impossible.
STANDARD. The Times has to-day an
article upon the- state and prospects of manu-
factures, with most of the propositions of
which, as well as with its general conclusion,
we entirely agree. It is quite true, as our Con-
temporary asserts, that " employment in the
coming more the staple employment of her people,
great manufacturing business of this country is be-
and the prosperity of her manufacture more and
more the staple prosperity of the empire." No
less true, and much more gratifying, is it that at
present " the return of the state of manufactures
is not simply favourable but highly encouraging."
From these truths ninny useful and important
inferences may be drawn. First, that the pur-
suit. which thus advances in absorbing the
employment of the capital of the country—
for without absorbing the capital it cannot
engross the employment—has certainly suf-
fered no undue depression under the exist-
ing state of the law; secondly, we must add
with pain, that this progress of manufac-
tures is not necessarily accompanied by any
improvement of the labourin classes, either
g
as its cause or its consequence. Indeed, we
see enough to demonstrate that even an infi-
nite increase of manufactures would not and
could not permanently improve the condition
of those classes; it would merely lead to
larger investments of capital, and fiercer com-
petition among capitalists; while- the wages
and condition of the labourer must remain
the same, or,
if possible, suffer a depression
from the influence of competition—for the profits
of capital must be returned, whoever is to be the
sufferer. One can imagine the case of a society,
composed of a single employer, and a population
of slaves, employed in manufactures; what
would the population of slaves gain by any
amount ofincreased demands upon the employer,
if it should not be increased toil ? But let
us advance a step further, and suppose three or
four employers, with a like increase of demand,
what would the working
population gain ?
Would they not be made worse, by the com-
petition of these three or four employers, each
anxious to obtain as much of the increased
demand as possible, arid each, therefore, trying.
to underbid his competitors, which he could
do only by underpaying his labourers? But
the number of employers is, with us, unlimited,
and in the event of a greater demand for
goods, it would increase in a ratio far
beyond the augmented demands, thus still
more severely grinding the working class; for it
cannot be too often repeated, that the competi-
tio&which must ever exist in such a case will be
a competition to produce at the lowest price, i. e.,
at the lowest rate of wages. It must be, how-
ever, the less necessary to press this considera-
tion, because we have seen the experiment tried
by a thirty years' proof, and the result is, that
on the whole wages decline as manufacturing ex-

ports multiply. The second inference Whin vie
draw from the premises furnished aboVe by
the Mims, is the precarious nattire of the pros-
perity based upon manufacturleg suCCess. The
present prospects (31 manufacturers are " not.
simply faVotirable, Ina highly encouraging."
Tids is a relative commendation ; it implies
that lately the prospects of manufacturers Were
not favourable nor encouraging, but the reverse;
and, indeed, our Contemporary distinctly admits
as much in the introductory part of the sen-
tence partially quoted. The prosperity of the
empire and the happiness of the people, how-
ever, are surely not safely committed to a pur-
suit subject to 9ttelt Violent fluctuations. As to
the labouring classes, indeed, their condition
varies but little, for the melancholy reason, that
scarcely at any time can it be made worse than
it is at all times. Our respected Contemporary
proceeds to ascribe the improved condition
of manufacturing industry to the operation of
the late tariff, which it treats as an experiment
in free trade. 'We fully concur in the beneficial
effects assigned to the tariff, but we can-
not admit that that financial adjustment
is to be considered as, in any respect, an
experiment in free trade. The pc:oof that it is
not such an experiment, will be found in the fact
that nearly all the important taxes reduced were
taxes for revenue, not tor protection. The tariff
and the property tax are to be taken together
a.S one great measure of flaancial reform—
an approach to a more equitable distribution
of the public burdens. As such they have
operated most beneficially upon the home and
colonial markets, and it is thus that they have
restored manufacturing industry. If in truth the
tariff is to be considered as an experiment in
free trade, it i 3 an experiment that has wholly
failed; for it has not pi ()cured the admission
of a single yard of co: ton or of one
penknife into any country of the world
upon terms more flyourablethan before. This
the Time: itself candidly admits, when it says
that " so far as foreign tariffs are concerned, the
result has been, it must be owned, absolutely
nothing." The tariff; 110,vever, has not tailed ;
it has most happily succeeded in contribut-
ing to our present prosperity and in opening
the road, as we firmly believe, to still
greater prosperity hereafter; but it has not
failed, because it wis not an experiment in free
trade. As to the foreirri tariffs, we are per-
haps unpatriotic in saying that we are no proper
judges of their wisdom or .folly, for your perfect
patriot has no charity for the patriotism Of the
natives of other countries. There are, however,
certain general principles
of which we ought
not to lose sight in pronotincin!2: upon the acts
of our neighbours; and one of these principles
is, that an enlightened and liberal self-love is as
commendable in Governments as it is pardonable
in individuals.

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.
CITY, WEDNESDAY EVENING.
POST.—Notice was received to-day at the Stock Exch.nge
from the Bank of England, to the effect that it is not intended
to restrict the time for transfer of the Stocks about to open, on
Saturday next, the 6th inst., being the first transfer day, to
the hour of one.

The Government broker made a purchase of Three per
Cents. Reduced Stook at the price of 93. The amount taken
was, however, only to 10,0001., and the dealings generally in
the public securities were of limited extent, but the markets
have, nevertheless, been sustained at within a shade of yester-
day's quotations.
Mr. Robert Moate (broker), in his annual review of the
London metal market, states that the year just closed has been
remarkable for a generally good business, and that the prospects
of the trade for the approaching spring are cheering. The
prices of spelter have not varied so considerably as usual, the
little excitement occasionally gut up among the holders having
subsided again without exercising an influence beyond the im-
mediate range of the connection. The shipments to India
have been heavy, and the latest correspondence from Calcutta
gives reason to believe, that although the reduc-d quotation
is still a paying one, buyers were beginning to be
cautious in their purchases, The supply from Germany has
proved larger than common, so that no apprehension need be
felt, as heretofore, about the sufficiency of stocks. Holders are
firm at 221. ss. to 221. 10s. Rolled zinc has greatly increased
In consumption, and is, in a variety of cases, preferably adopted
as a substitute for other metals. The demand is steady, and the
price 281. per ton fur common dimensions. Iron, during the
year, has been subject to numerous fluctuations. At one pe-
riod it was thought that a permanent improvement in its value
might be calculated on, but the production of British it on con-
tinues so extensive that the expectation of such a state of things
has vanished. It is now the prevailing conviction that, what-
ever quantity may be taken off by the markets to which it is
admitted, no sensible impression will be made on the supply.
" The price," says the Review, " occasionally rises, it is
true; but as certainly falls again immediately." Swedish,
at one period of the year, was depressed to almost the lowest
point on record, but some purchases for India and America
rapidly raised it to 11/. 10, the demand, since which, having
ceased, the value has receded to 101. 10s. Russian in the hands of a
single holder is, although some inferior parcels have been sold
at low rates, held at 131. Britiih Iron rules as follows, per
ton : -Bars in London, 41. Iss. ; ditto in Liverpool, 4/. 7s. 6d. ;
ditto in Wales, 41. ss. ; pigs in ditto, 31. ss. ; ditto in Clyde,
21. Is. ; hoops in London, 7/. ; ditto in Liverpool, 6/. 155.;
sheet in ditto, 71. 10s. ; ditto in London, 81. ; rails in Wales,
5/. 4s. ; castings of every description, from 71. Swedish steel
has been exposed to the same ups and downs in the market as
Swedish iron, having gradually descended of late from the
former figure to 161. Ws. and 171. The stock here is mode-
rate, while that at Gottenburgh is very small. Hopes of more
orders for India are in the meanwhile encouraged. 'fin has
been moderately supplied, and though, some time ago, at a low
ebb, a speculative demand for the metal has had the effect of
restoring it to a fair position in the scale of prices. It is now
believed that the production of tin in this country is not more
than commensurate with the demand for various market's.
Copper is firm, stocks having much diminished, pending the
strike of the workmen for an advance of wages ; few of
the manufacturers are willing to accept large orders
for imatedit.te execution, even at the improved rates,
which are-for sheathing, sheets, bolts, &c., 9:;4d., tile 841.,
and tough cake 831., all in London, and less the discount, of
course; if taken in Wales, the price is 2/. a ton less. Lead
has scarcely rallied throughout the year. The demand in the
London market, for exportation, has fallen off, in consequence
of the direct supplies of the Missouri lead to all the markets of
the world, and which would appear to have become a favourite
wherever introduced. Soft pig on board, in London, is 171. 55.;
at an outport, 161. 15s. Quicksilver, with a full stock, re-
mains at 4s. 6d., and the prospects for the article are without
the smallest change. Cochineal continues in good request.
The public sale of the 29th ult. went off at very full rates.
Black is worth from 4s. 6d. to 6s. ; silver, 4s. 3d. to ss.
Saffron of the new crop has sold at 465., and is held firmly.
Such is the summary we collect from the particulars embodied
in a Mr. IVloate's annual report on a branch of our commerce
that must always rank as one of leading national importance.
Iron, tin, copper, and lead, are all metals the production and
t
tifying to observe that,. in the instance of some of these sta-
ttmhh aee n
aei
cpxcueurlacmtiisuoelnaotofiofEnwnehgfilicshi
English
hdiianvvdieduubs
aiterryew: oaefnaoldrte pheo; rnetisrtean)iutset. de
cit
ha
jemyr at m, sf
oternfiese,
el digyrf oat
0.. r
loelfast
.tohnel y sttoab ihhet yroefgrt
ehtet
emd at rhkaet tsi t hhaass bueottmpwr
oevl
el
dmsaoi tt
in-
thelat al iense
caseda. at least,
is

LAW INTELLIGENC

INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, Jan. 4.

IN RE JAMES EDWARD MIVART, THE YOUNGER.
The insolvent, whose case has been already partly repo, ted in
The Sun, came up this day for his final hearing. On the last
occasion the hearing was adjourned, to compel him to re-adver-
tise and describe himself by the name of Holies, resident at
Upper Clapton.
Mr. CRESSWELL stated that the insolvent was the son of the
proprietor of a well-known hotel in Brook-street, Grosvenor-
square, and had contracted debts to the amount of nearly 6,0001.
He (Mr. Cresswell) appeared on behalf of several creditors, to
pray the Court would now pass judgment upon the insolvent.
Mr. Spinks. of Upper Clapton, whose evidence has already
appeared in The Sun at length, attended again this day, but
stated no further circumstances worthy of notice.
The insolvent having been sworn,
The Learned CHIEF CommissioNEa said the insolvent
came before the Court to be discharged for debts amounting to
5,9001., of which the greater part was without consideration.
He had been already before the Court, when he was discharged
from a large amount of debts, and, on that taking place, his
father,"who was a most respectable and estimable man, kindly
did all in his power to put an end to the foolish and reckless
course which was pursued by the insolvent, and allowed him
200/. a year, with the run of his house, where, it was well
known, all his wants would be well and even luxuriously sup •
plied. Not content with this, the insolvent, in an incredibly
short space of time, contracted debts to the amount of nearly
6,0001., without the slightest prospect of his being ever able
to pay them, from every tradesman whom he could delude into
giving him credit. If such conduct were not marked by a
strong sense of disapprobation on the part of the Court, he
thought it would be an insult to public ju•tice. 'fhe sentence
upon the insolvent therefore was, that he be imprisoned for
eight months from the date of the vesting order.
The insolvent was then removed in custody.

WINTE E. ASSIZES.
OXFORD CIRCUIT-67(1110rd, Jan. 2.
(Before Mr. Baron ROLFE. )
HIGHWAY ROBBERY.-Thomas Ward and John llodgkin-
son were charged with highway robbery on the person of Edw.
Rowley.
Mr. Allen conducted the case for the prosecution; the
prisoners were defended by Mr. Woolryeh.
The prosecutor, an elderly man, whose answers to the ques-
tions put to him by the Learned Counsel occasioned consider-
able merriment in Court, stated that, as he was returning home
from Abbot's Bromley, about half-past ten on the night of the
20th of September, he was suddenly attacked by the prisoners,
who plundered him of his watch and some silver that he hart
about him ; and as his despoilers, whom he had known for ten
years, were inhabitants of the same village where he resided, he
lost no time in giving the alarm and procuring their apprehen •
sion. The prisoners had been absent from home during the
whole of the night, and on searching Ward, two shilling.; were
found secreted in one of his boots.

For the defence, it was urged that the prosecutor was in such
a state of inebriation at the time iu question as to render it im-
possible for him to speak with any degree of certainty to the
prisoners' identity, and several witnesses were called to corro-
borate this view of the case. lhey fiiled, however, in con-
vincing the jury of the inaccuracy of the old man's statemen,,
for they immediately returned a verdict of Guilty.
They were sentenced to be imprisoned and kept to hard
labour fur 15 calendar months.

The remaining cases will be easily disposed of in the course
of the day.

A CLEVER TRICK.—A short time q,o a man ar-
rived at Strasburgh from Paris with a large stock of table and
chimney-clocks, opened a shop, and made a grand disp ay of
his ware, but put such high prices on his articles that no one
would buy them. Not many days had passed when another
person came, made a seizure of the person and property of the
clock-merchant, incarcerated the one, and put the wares up
for sale by auction. The notoriety of the circumstances at-
tracted a numerous audience, and all the clocks were disposed
of at extraordinary high prices. The account being wound up,
the creditor released his debtor, and they both went on their
way rejoicing at having done the good citizens ni Strasburgh by
selling them timekeepers which would not keep time, and were
not worth half the money they by their confederacy had ob-
tained for them.

CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.
OLD COURT.

Orroui, 2.9,p0t-boy, was charged with burglariously
breaking and entering the dwelling-house of Thomas Sprosten,
,teating two gold watches, a silver watch, a 5/. Bank of
tl2lincl note, and other artieleg, value 3Q1., the property of the
priisecut
IVJr., Payne comities's:l the pro edition, and Mr, Wilkins de-
fended the prisoner.
Proan the evidenee addireed itf support of the prosecution, it
appeared that On titt lLd fi of Decerriber the Louse of the pro-
secutor, the Rising gult, Priri,cl-street, Lambeth, I,las broken
into, and the property -ntentiMtecf in the indictment stolen
therefrom. A strong suspicion was created that the :•:,bbery
most have been committed by some person well aceueinted
with the premises but the prisoner, who was employed by the
prosecutor as pot-boy, was not at all considered as the gui;ty
party. Eventually, however, he was taken into custody,
and a man named Spirey came forward, and stated that the
prisoner had urged him to assist in robbing his master's house,
and had pro-posed that he should be concealed in the house
before it was eloSed foe the night, and that he should then take
all the property that cuntr within his reach. The whole ease
for the prosecution rested upon the evidence of the man Spirey,
And another named Cowing, who deposed that after the rob-
lic,ry had been committed he was present when the prisoner
Orrow came to a public-house where he was, and told him to
sell Spirey or his friend, that he, the prisoner, and a man
who went by the sobriquet of " Kiddy," were suspected of
committing the robbery at the prosecutor's house, and that
the police were after them.
The witness Spirey in cross-examination said that he had
himself been in custody upon a charge of burglary, and had
often been in prison upon other charges, and it appeared very
clear that his character was of such a description as to require
that his evidence should receive material corroboration. The
only circumstance in surport of the evidence of this witness,
however, was that a screw-driver was found in the prisoner's
cupboard, which corresponded with the marks on the bureau
from whence a portion of the property had been abstracted.
llr WILKINs addressed the jury, anti commented in severe
terms upon the character and conduct of the witness Spirey,
concluding by calling upon them not to give credit to testi-
mony of such a description.
The Jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty.
Josiah Liiiigan,29, carpenter, was charged with cutting and
wounding, 'l'. Pike, with intent to do him grievous bodily harm.

Mr. Clarkson defended the prisoner.
It. appeared that the prosecutor wai with his wife at Battle-
bridge on the 27th of December, and the latter having stopped
for a moment to look into a shop, the prisoner, who was intoxi-
cated, came up to her, and putting his arm round her waist.,
made rise of some offensive expression towards her. The pro-
secutor upon hearing his wife give an alarm came to her assist-
ance, and a scuffle took place between him and the prisoner,
during which he received some injury, which was, however, of
a trifling description. The weapori w►th which it was inflicted,
a screw driver, was found in the possession of the prisoner.
The .Jury found the prisoner guilty of an assault, and ac-
qui•t^d him ot the felony.
The proecutor recommended the prisoner to mercy, and he
was sentenced to one month's imprisonment.
The Grand Jury were discharged in the course of the
afternoon.

NEW COURT.
(1e:"ore the COMMON SERGEANT.)
Several ea,es of petty larceny, of a very ordinary description,
were disposed of during the morning.
Thomas Smith was charged with stealing 701hs of lead, on
the 16th of December, the property of Mr. Gunstore, his
master.—Guilty. To be imprisoned in the House of Correc-
tion tor three months. _ _ _

.....
Thomas Knight, aged 14, and Thomas Smith, aged 12,
were charged with stealing, on the 27th of December, four
handkerchiefs, value 10s., the property of .111 r. Henry Mills,
and another. . . .

The case was clearly proved, and the prisoners found Guilt:: .
The first pri=oner hart been convicted of a previous offence.
Both of them belonged to a well-known gang of thieves.
The Learned JUDGE said he thought the best thing he could
do for such young incorrigible thieves was to transport them
for seven year,, with an understanding that they should be
sent to the Penitentiary.
Mary Davis was charged with stealing a cloak, and found
guilty of the offence, and was sentenced to be imprisoned in
the Howe of Correction for :ill calendar months.
James Ashton, a little boy, was charged with stealing a loaf
from a baker's cart, on the Ist instant.—Not Guilty.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE..
(YE :AT ER DA Y. )
MANSRLY-H 0 USE.
The Loan MAYOR upon taking the Chair direott'd that
the officers appointed.to attend to the immediate vicinit y of St.
Paul's, should appear to answer for having permitted a% most
•
disgraceful contest between the conductors of omnibuses there
on the preceding day for a passenger. He had been infnr.-ned
that notwithstanding the strict injunctions which he had Vut a
few days ago given, that omnibus and cab obstructions shou,lel
in no instance be allowed to pass unnoticed by the police, L'
laxity in the discipline, commenced with so much activity, had
already appeared in the street. He had heard that the drivers
had relapsed in some parts of the great thoroughfares into their
old practice of loitering, and he could not ascribe such
disobedience to the orders which had been issued to any-
thing but the remissness of the police. He should, there-
fore, make the policemen in each district responsible
to the public, and cause the dismissal of such of them from the
force as neglected so important a duty, by immediate applica-
tion to the Commissioner. His Lordship also took occasion to
observe that the contract to which he had on Tuesday last re-
ferred, with respect to the work of the scavengers, did not
seem to be acted upon even since the exposure of its frequent
violation had taken place. He called the attention of Major
Shaw, the Superintendent, to the latter fact, and said he
should expect that a copy of the contract which was on Wod-
nesday published in the newspapers, and which contained in
detail the specific direction, would be pasted up at every station-
house, so that the policeman of every district might make him-
se!f acquainted with the duties which the scavengers had to
perform, and summon such of them as neglected to do what the
contract pointed out. It would not be imposing an onerous
duty upon the force. as the men could easily ascertain whether
the scavengers a'tended to sweep the stree'.s in the several
localities at the hour specified in the paper.
The Superintendent said he would take care that a copy of
the contract should be put up in every station-house, and that
the men should he ordered to summons those who neglected to
perform the terms of the contract before the Commissioners
of Sewers.

His LORDSHIP added that he had no doubt of the determi-
nation of the Commissioners of Smsers to inflict the penalties
enumerated in the contract, which was as binding as an Act of
Parliament.

Mr. Grainger, the owner of several cabs, was called upon
by a cab-driver, named Ettridge, to answer a complaint under
rather singular circumstances.
Between two and three months ago Ettridge wasbrought before
the Lord Mayor upon the complaint of one of the officers of
the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, who
stated that the driver had driven a horse upon whose shouldeis
and back there were sores. A fine of 40s. was demanded upon
the conviction of the driver, who preferred, at all events, the
alternative of confinement in a prison for fourteen days, and
was accordingly committed. The driver, it appeared, had,
upon entering
w
ritten agreement, by which it was settled that the master
should retain in his possession the license of the driver as secu-
rity for the payment of 12s. a day for the use of the cab and
horse, and the license lay in the master's desk for the sum of
31. 195., due in accordance with the eondition of the instrument
at the time the summons was applied for. Ettridge obtained
the summons for the detention of his license upon the reprs-
sentation that as he had suffered the penalty in its most
grievous shape for having driven a horse which, whatever
might he its condition, had been supplied to him by his master,
he had an unquestionable claim to his license, denying at the
same time that the debt to his master was more than four
shillings, which, when offered once, he had rejected.
Ettridge stated that he went into the employment of Mr.
Grainger last April, and subsequently signed the agreement
alluded to, dated the 25th of September. He was afterwards
harged with having driven a horse iv,th a sore hark, and im-
prisoned for the time stated. Upon coming out of prison he
again went into the service of 31r. Grainger, but on Tuesday
week he left it, having received notice to go. On Thursday
he applied for his license, but he could obtain no satisfaction,
and he could not get employment without being able to pro-
duce that authority.
The Loan Mayon said it was a question whether an Act of
Parliament which was made for the public did not altogether
destroy the effect of an agreement which appeared to have been
made in contravention of it. The tendency of the agreement
seemed to him to be incompstible with the spirit of the Act.
The solicitor to Mr. Grainger said that at all the police
courts agreements of the kind were recognised, and, in fact, if
they were not, the owners of cabs could not conduct their busi-
ness at all. He then quoted the tith and 7th Victoria, cap. 86,
sec. 23, which says—" Provided alwajs, and be it enacted that
it shall not be lawful, either in any court of law, or before
any justice of the peace, to enforce the payment of any sum of
money claimed from any driver or conductor by any pro-
prietor on account of the earnings of any hackney carriage or
metropolitan stage carriage, unless under an agreement in
writing, which shall have been signed by such driver or con-
ductor," Sce. &c. The driver, he said, had acted very badly,
and it appeared from the summons, upon the hearing of which
he had been imprisoned, that it was for cruelty to the horse
that he htd been punished.
The LORD illsron asked whether the driver had, upon
coming out o f prison, signed a new agreement ? The driver
replied that he had not.
The Loan Mayon. then said that whether the agreement
which had been signed was or was not reconcilable with the
Act of Parliament, he considered that the imprisonment the
driver had undergone was such a cessation from work as to
constitute a virtual discharge, and therefore, after he came out
of prison, no fresh agreement having been signed by him, he
was entitled to his license. His Lordship added that he had
observed, from the conduct of the driver, that he merited but a
very small share of indulgence, and that he was bound to make
reparation for the loss sustained by his master, who, upon his
part, if he took care to enforce the Act of Parliament in its '
true spirit, would, to a clear certainty, get better servants.