The Sun.
London, England, 1826-07-14 00:00:00

L THE MORNING} HERALD.]

of his impartial friends soon bring him to form a more
correct opinion. Such has beets the case, with the
silk manufacturers. They railed at first against the
measure—they reproached its supporters as visionary
innovators, and at length calmly coincided with the
opinion of those who entered on the discussion free of
self-interest and prejudice. Putting aside, however,
the policy or impolicy of introducing foreign silks for
consumption into this country, one thing is certain,
that we cannot import manufactures, or any other
commodities, without exporting British produce to an
equal amount ; so that if by ally possibility the measure
should fail, some of the productions of this country
must be taken by France as
_a return for the silks im-
ported.—Mid.

[THE tptITISH PRESS.]
We extracted lately, from an Inverness Paper, a
passage giving an account of a pretended discovery of
a cycle of the price of grain, which was said to be
connected with the cycle of the weather, discovered
by the same individual. The discoverer asserts that
he has formed his conclusions from the regular ac-
counts of the price of grain for a long series of years,
from which he has. been led to conclude that there is
a regular succession in the rising and falling of.prices,
dependent upon the weather, which he asserts to be
subject to a like vicissitude. This theory may, per-
haps, possess more of fancy than of reality ; but we
confess it appears to us not by any means so wild a
speculation as' some of those whom we have conversed
with on the subject iinagine. There is something in
the mind of man which inclines him to run succes-
sively from one extreme to another ; and a sudden
rise
,is invariably followed by an equally sudden fall.
There is ,also a sort of regular process by which the
development of truth gradually comes into operation,
and produces important changes in society ; and thus,
even in those departinents which depend 'apparently
upon the caprices of the human mind, less steady by
far than the elenients,,' there is a sort of cycle---a re-
gular succession, by which one event leads to another,
and which would enable beings possessed of higher
faculties than we are, to draw the last link of the
chain from the first. In the occurrences of a few
years we may see events following in something of
this form. We have seen the manufacturing interest
depressed, and the agricultural 'flourishing ; we have
seen them change places again and'again in the rank
of prosperity,;' and
.the people of thfs country ought
not to, be depreased by a vicissitude to which they
have so frequently been subject.

It would appear from the Balton Chronicle, that
five factories in that town are to close immediately_
This is the only way to bring trade round. . The
great error for some years has been an excess in the
production of cotton goods. The question with the
manufacturers has been, not how many pieces they
could sell, and be paid for, but how many they could
make. Some twenty or thirty years ago, the de-
mand for most descriptions of cotton goods was so
much greater than the supply, that the manufacturer
was sought after by the purchaser, and not the pur-
chaser by the manufacturer, as at the present day. A
manufacturer 'then had little or no trouble in dispos-
ing of his goods at great profit. He could not be
too venturous, for the goods were no sooner
produced thin disposed of ; the consequence of
Which was that large and rapid fortunes 'were
made by a great number of individuals, parti-
cularly those, engaged in the cotton manufactures—
such as Sir R. Peel Mr. Horrocks, Mr. Sudell, of
N ackburne, and others. This, of course, soon at-
tracted the attention of the neighbours,---they, wished
to make large fortunes too—they invented power-
looms and other machines, and Could produce such
an immense quantity of goods, that, as we have often
said, unless new worlds were discovered, there never
Would be a demand proportionate to the supply. If
all the machinery of England were to be. put in full
motion, we have ,no hesitation in saying, that this
country could supply the whole world with cotton ma-
nufactured goods. This may give us some idea of
the almost incredible power of this machinery, when
we consider the quantity of such goods manufactured
in China, and, in the East Indies,. and on the Conti-
nent of Zurope. It will give us an idea, too, of the
extent of the, market required, and of the enormous
'sale that would be necessary for meeting the wishes.
of • our manufacturers. They, no doubt, would
be in a high state of. prosperity, if. all these
nations would leave off manufacturing goods—they
'would have a good demand—obtain ' high prices,
and would soon, accumulate immense fortunes. Let
'them only for a moment, however, look at the present
State of things. These nations will never adopt such
a plan to favour the English, and there is no proba-
bility that any market equal to the supply which could
be produced by this country will ever be discovered.
The fact is, we have carried the system too ilir ; we have
gone on inventing machines-, to ,flieilitate labour ; we
have multiplied these machines to an almost incredible
extent ; we have built factories in such numbers and
of such dimensions, that no demand, perhaps, will
ever bring more than one-half of. :the machinery into
full play' for illy length of tiine. The system must
take a turn the other way. The manufacturers must
leave off making goods and. building factories; they
.must shut up many of those already built ; and the
miserable population that might be said to have inha.
bited them must find out new sources of employment,
or emigrate to foreign countries, where there is a de-
mand for labour. Scarcely any thing could be more
preposterous than the system which has been .carrying
on for some time in the, manufacturing districts. In-
deed; it is little less preposterous than if the. proprie-
tors of a newspaper were to keep the printing ma-
chines going night and day, and throwing off thou
sands after thousands, without ever considering whe-
ther they y would find customers for them. These
might be sold as waste. paper ; but it is well known
that no small quantity of cotton goods have been lately
sold at a price little, if at all, more advantageous to
le proprietor.

[THE NEW TIMES.]
An article from the Carlisle Patriot, which we give
in another part of to-day's paper, more than confirms
the arguments which we brought forward the other day
on the subject of the Branch Banks. It appears that
the Scotch 13ankers justly fearing that any attempt to
continue them may be attended with the extension of
the prohibition of one pound notes. to Scotland, from
which extension that country was only exempted by
the very peculiar circumstances of its Banks, are
about entirely to withdraw their agents from England.
The merchants and others, in the neighbourhood of
Carlisle, are so'nich alarmed at the probable conse-
quences of this measure, that they have submitted a
memorial on the subject to the Lords Commissioners
of the Treasury. The difficulty of preventing Scotch
notes from circulating in England, struck us,
when that„,question was in agitation, as one of the
strongest reasons for the extension of the prohibition.
`But If the Thinkers of Scotland were not only allowed
to circulate small notes, hut to keep up establish-
ments for their circulation in England, tilts would be
neither more nor less than prohibiting the use of small
notes to our own country banks, for the purpose of
conferring a monopoly on those of our neighbours.—
We shall not, however, presume to anticipate what
answer their Lordships in their wisdom may see fit to
return to the memorial from Carlisle ; we would con-
tent ourselves with submitting to our friends in the,
Directory of the Bank of England the propriety of in-
terposing to remedy the grievance of winch the Me-
morialists are in dread, by the establishment of a
Branch Bank in Carlisle, or its neighbourhood. The
more, indeed, we consider this question, the more
are we convinced that the removal of a large portion
of the distress of the country will be the infallible con-
sequence of such establishments. The Batik has ever
shown the most lively sympathy with the public cala-
mities, and has made great sacrifices in order to their
redress ; but in this case no sacrifice is called for : the
measures we recommend will, we have no doubt, prove
equally beneficial to the Bank, to the merchant, to the
manufacturer, and last, certainty not least, to the
poor suffering artisan.

in learning from almost
We have much pleasure
every part of the country that the silk manufacturers.
are:now completely reconciled to the introduction of
French silks, at a duty of 30 per cent. We hear no
more of the folly of Ministers, of the ruin of the silk-
weavers, or of other calamities which were regarded by''
some as the certain, consequences of the measure.--,
Indeed, any, man that looked dispassionately to the
question at first, could hardly fail to adopt.the same •
opinion which now prevails even among those most
deeply interested. -What with carriage, freight, 30
per cent. duty, and,a great variety of other charges on
foreign silks, on the one hand, and on the other the
low price of weaving, and the reduction of duty on the
raw material, our silk manufacturers would not deserve
the name if they could, not compete with the French.
At the time Mr, fitlifdgpll prop * the measure our
opinion onthe subject was the same as it. is, now.—
We said the fears of the manufacturers were without

foundation, and boldly advocated the measure, not-
withstanding the scurrilous letters that poured, in upon
us from all those districts where the silk trade was
carried on. Such letters are of little importance. It.
is well known how little alarms a manufacturer, and,
bow, little dependence can be placed on what he says
whenever his own interest,is concerned: Such, how-
' ever, i 8 the case with human nature in general.
Whatever affects a man's person, or property,
or character, atreeta Inin in
quite a different manner
fromthat in which it liffeCtS the impartial spec-:
tator. We have instances of this almost ever)/
day., If the least remark is made that can hurt a
mans pride or vanity, he is in arms against us at
once, and fora time believes himself the worst, use
man in existence. Time and the 'Onversatio

necessary that I should distinctly explain the nature of
thi grant that has been made, and the conditions upon which it
was committed to our management. It will appear from Mr.
Heries'a letter to your Ladyship, that no pension was granted by
his Majesty to you : that his Majesty had been pleased, to extend
his bounty,: in consideration of the painful situation in which you
were left, by giving one sum of 3001. to Lord Dutwannon and me,
as joint trustees, to your Ladyship's use ; and 2007. snore for the
occasional assistance of such parts of Lord Erskine's family as
might appear to us most to require it. We agreed only to make
weekly payments of such sums, as may be absolutely necessary to
keep off iminediate distress, inasmuch as there is no .reasonable ex-
pectation of any addition to 'the 3001. already received. lam
sorry to hear that your youngest son ►s ill, and prevented from at-
tending to his studies for which we bold ourselves answerable, and
towards which would be applied the pension of 50/. per year
which his Majesty has had the goodness to grant to us for Isis use.

ROSSLYN.
There is a postscript added, directing that upon any occasion
where medical treatment might be necessary, application should be
immediately made in the proper quarters. Mr. Chamberlain
found it necessary to address.a note to his Lordship (Roslyn)
upon the pressing exigency of Lady Erskine, to which note he re-
ceived the following answer

May, 6, 1826.
Sir,--I hare communicated with Lord Duncannon, and upon
the representation of the very-Urgent distress of Lady Erskine, we
have taken upon ourselves to make an advance of 41. from the
money committed to us in. trust ; but I think it necessary to
guard you against the expectation that we can continue any such
payment in future, as we shall consider it to be our duty to return
the money intrusted to us by his Majesty's bounty to the Treasury,
and to desire to be relieved from the trust ; and to represent the
conduct of Lady Erskine in withdrawing her son from school, and
withholding all means of receiving the education suited to his
birth. I am, Sir,
Your obedient servant,
Mr. Chamberlain, Great Newport-street.
The LORD MAYOR then said he understood Lady Erskine
to receive 16s. per week, and asked whether she had ally other
support or resource ?
Mr. Chamberlain—l believe none in the world.
The Loan MAYOR—Has that sum been paid regularly?
Mr. Chamberlain admitted that it had not, and 'produced an
account, from which it appeared that the widow had for some
time been receiving no more than Ns. per week, and that the
last sum she had received was 9s. for her week's supply.
The Loan MAYOR.--.-SIIR ought surely to have received the
l 6e. per week. What was the motive for not paying it all ?
Mr. Charnberlain.—l have paid to her every shilling I --re-
ceived for her from Lord Rosslyn except 16s.
The Loan MAvoit—On what account was that mosey hand-
ed to you ?
Mr. Chamberlain—On account of the pension of his Majesty,
to which Lord Rosslyn was one of the trustees. I paid it accord-
ing to my instructions. I was aware how trifling the sum was,
but I could not make it up out of my own pocket.
The LORD Msvott—Certainly not.
Mr. Chamberlain—The person who used to pay the money
before. I volunteered, got tired of the business, and discOntitiu-
ed it.

ROSSLYN.

The Loan MaToa.---When did you begin to make the advances ?
Mr. Chamberlain—ln March last.
The LORD MAYOR—But you• were to have paid her 16s. per
week. You have not said:why that sum was diminished'?
Mr. Chamberlain.---I believe it was because she refused to give
up !Iter youngest child. It is with her, running to ruin and
in tatters. We wished to have proper care taken of • him, but
nothing will induce her to give him up into our hands.
The !Loan MAYOR—..She did not deny that you are the only
person of whom she had spoken. You see in what a miserable
condition the unfortunate 141.; with scarcely a stitch upon. her.
Now I wish to know whether you are acquainted with any in-
stances of misconduct on the part of Lady Erskine.
Mr. Chamberlain—l never saw any impropriety in her conduct.
The Loam Mayott—When did you see her youngest son ?
Mr. Chanaberlaiti—He came to me in tatters on Saturday last,
and I gave him the hist 9s. fel. his mother.
• The Loan Maros..-Poor child ! and do you not know where
they live ?
Mr. chamberlain—Not exactly. I think she lives in some
court or alley, called Stone-entter's-court, in St. Martin's-lane.
She told me some tithe ago she was going to be my neighbour,
and I think it is there she and her boy are. It is impossible
that T could under the circontstances have acted otherwise than I
did. Lady Erskine Will tell you that I acted with the greatest
kindness.
The Lotto Iltalrott did not mean to east any reflection upon the
conduct of Mr. chamberlain, hint expressed deep regret at the
ierritile change which the unfortunate widow of the highly gifted
Erskine, to whom we were so much! indebted fin. the liberty of
the Press, had experienced. His Lordship asked Mr. Chamber-
lain if he was aware a any objectionable conduct upon the part
of Lady Erskine to which this frightful, neglect might be attri-
buted ?
Mr. Chamberlain--.I know of • none, my Lord. It la cer-
tain, however, that my Lord Hoeslyn, is very sour against her.
'The Loan Mayon—Sour ! Why so?
Mr. Chamberlain—A female friend of Lady Erskine went to
Lord Rosslyn and set hint Against her, by Speaking of her as fond
of liquor, and indeed given to every excess. His Lordship says
that the little boy's clothes suddenly disappeared without any just
cause.

The. Lotto Mayort---The straitened condition of the mother's
cireitinetences was such as perhaps might account for that, without
attributing it to any disgraceful cause. Twelve, shillings per week,
and that. not very regularly paid, is no very great allowance for the
widow of a Nobleman arid her child. Where are the other three
children?
Mi. Chamberlain said they were properly taken care of, and
that the mother was destroying the child she had at home with
her, by denying to him the same advantages.
The LORD MAYOR said there would be probably more inquiry into, the circumstances of Lady Erskine's case. He perceived by
the accounts and the bills furnished, that Mr. Chamberlain was
effectually . Lady Erskine's friend in an emergency, as the money
for her. case was dealt out to him so scantily. There uppeared in
the accounts, money fur Lady Erskine, 11. 1211.
Mr.. Chamberlain stated . that he. believed Lords Roselyn arid
Duncannon would, in all probability, not like to see anything which
occurred on thissubject, in print.
'l'lle Loan Mayon said he'could not help that. Hie Lordship
ordered that a messenger should be despatched to Lady Erskine,
to inform her LailYship that he had received some subscriptions
for her benefit. It was observed by his Lordship, that the de-
graded condition to which the lady of the late Lord' Chancellor of
England was reduced, might he judged of from the fact, that she
was first introduced to his notice by a chimnek.aneeep !
BOW-STREET.—On Wednesday afternOon,
as Mr. Haeti
wag leaving the office, a very decent-looking woman, about forty
years of age, named Crinviey, was brought in by Bishop, the
officer, charged by Captain Knoit,- of 'the East .India Company's
Service, with constantly annoying him and his family, by coming
to hie house and refusing to
leave the door, and occasionally
-
attracting the notice of
Pik'heagere by hir complaints and liimen-
pl
tatians. ' The defendant was accompanied by
her daughter, an
exceedingly interesting child,
apparently about eight years of age,
who stood weeping by the side of her Mother while the charge
was heard.
Captain Knox stated that the defendant had lived in the service
of the late Lieutenant-General BrOwn, who' was brother to his
(Captain K nox's)
mother, with whom be now resided, in North-
terrace, Hampstead-road, arid in consequence of stone fancied claim
of hereupon the General, she was constantly coming to the houee,
and sittingupon the stele of, the door, refusing to go away until
her demand was complied with. If she had any claim, theslaw
WIN open to her to receVer, and she could proceed in a regular way.
.That morning she placed hereelf ut the door, and remained there
for
r :several ham's, with her child, sweeping and , wailing, and re_
'using to:go away, although repeatedly warned that she would be
given into custedy.
Kum( was making this state-
ment,
egitation.
rtieln‘th,celitoetfitdildlleatingwltilgiliteiiCei? thet4in table in a truly pitiable' state of
Mr. HaLes, after telling her in a tone of kindliest; that if she
mrs. Knox in the way described, asked.
had really any claim she must take legal steps to enforce it, and
her lie Bait to
n°
4‘,4o:l°l'hang!t Bstihr,e).!feinimidil}:tshi:iftl?efendant, " when you know my case
will pity me, sod, you will perceive how incapable 1 am of
havyouing.
recourse to the .law-to enforce my claim." She then
peeded
state, that she had been 22 years housekeeper to the late Generalto.'
Brow„, having, at hest,, at his pressing solicitations, left her. hus-
band to live with him. The General WAS etrongly attached to
for
her, and she Was honoured with his toast llaoll4ded coneulesice.
she managed his expenditure in household matte's entirely,
and he always told her, that whatever might happen to him, elle,
should be provided for, for the whole of her life. .She had two
,
Madain,---1 have had:the itoni)o:rneamto:tirer'ce4ivilry'etitil'rBLadiglistip'd children while she ,lived .with him • the first one a boy,
letter; and lose " tinis iii, __pressing my regret
.tliat )do itot_coet - whose education and future welfare the General • (
' promise(' td pro--
. ea
eider inyeelf to he et liberti to make all Oyance out of the sum vole', and
hoe,
intrusted by the t,,,,d4 f th 6 Tieasery, to the atheitiietratioo of however, died some tints ago. While in the service of the Gee
Lard rinneannoir and Myself, fur the benefit Of Your Ladyishiji and nevelt-
' the girl
she alteays ketd a regular account in a book . of the money
'wit° •ninv , 400(1. beside her., The
Lord Erskiue's family, beyond the weeklY peWaeuts „am; were she expended, and a yearly eettlement,toek place between..thelp.
arranged, with his e‘,„eunence, wfort he Wept to irdwitt. It is) .OU a jiage ia the hot hook she ever used, the Cieueral wrote a'