The Sun.
London, England, 1844-06-04 00:00:00

EXPORT DUTIES ON COALS.

Lord HARRY VANE moved that this House do resolve
itself into a Committee of the whole House, to take into con-
sideration so much of the Act 5 and 6 Vic , e. 47, as relates to
an export duty on coal, with a view to its immediate repeal.
He was sure that the House would believe that there
was nothing further frcm his intention than to take this motion
out of the hands of the Noble Lct d the Member for Sunderland.
who bad exhibited the greatest ze d v:ith regard to this subject
in 1842. His Noble Friend had also brought forward the sub-
ject in 1843, but having brought it forward twice, he scarcely
thought it desirable to bring it forward the third time,
and therefore he (Lord H. Vane) had taken upon him-
self ,to direct the attention of the House to the sub-
ject. The circumstances were different now to what
they had been when the subject was last before the House.
Then there was a deficiency in the revenue, now there
was a surplus. The Chancellor of the Exchequer had
thought it right to propose reductions in the duty
payable in other article, and he thought that the
ec-al trade had a claim upon the Government for relief.
If he could ?rove that the coal trade was suffering under great
depression, he thought that he was entitled to call upon the
House to mete out the same measure of justice to that trade as
to others. The fact on which he rested his ar-
gument was the injurious operation of the tax, not
only upon the coal trade itself, but in the displacement of labour
in the r (aeries, and in the effect which it had upon the ship-
'. ing interest. The returns which had been presented to
the- HinNe showed that there had been a great diminution
of the (leper, trade in the last year, and there had been
a consequent diminution of employment and wages. The
decrease of exports had been more than 100,000 tons in 1843,
as compared with 1842, although in the same period there had
been an increased consumption of coal upon the continent, and
there would have been an increased demand for ours,
if it had not been for the duty. The coal
that was exported in that year con'isted altogether of small
coal, upon which there was no profit. But the effect of the
tax was to prevent the exportation of large coal, upon the pro-
duction of which the greatest amount of labour was employed.
In consequence of the duty there had been a great falling off in
the exports, notwithstanding the great and increasing demand
for the article from the mere gt nr:ral use of gas-lighting, the
extension of railways and steam navigation, and the greater de
mand that was found to have been created in the Mediterranean.
In 1841 the export to Russia was 75,595 tons; in 1843 it was
114,605 tons, being an increase of 39,000 tons. But this in-
crease was owing to the treaty of navigation. The export to Nor-
wanayin,
einrelnBe4l.,fw3aol2l6s,t2oo.7s.tonTs
h;
iisnulasB43oiwtiwngasltt2t33hetoeestsa,bbleisinhg.
tmo ne casualns t; of
n increase.eleB4t3al, a
tws
rlyo,
arhk:sl3;
export4a,
4n
2d5 to thisn )s could,nbmeinarak
ati hnelesfo
decrease
ire,
was
ob ef
148,724
tons;
The export to Prussia its 1841 was 115,000 tone; in 1843 it

was 147,000 being an increase of 31,000 tons. But this was
a special case. In Germany the export in 1841 was
16P,000 tons ; in 1843 it was 147,000, being a decrease
of 32,000 tons. In Holland the export in 1841 was
171,000 tons, in 1843 it was 149,000, being a decrease of
24,000. The export to France in 1834 was 59,692 tons; in
1841 it amounted to 451,000 tons, being an increase in 8 years
of 39!,313 tons, or an increase each year of 48,000 tons.
With regard to Spain, to Italy, and to Turkey, he would admit
that there was a slight increase, but that was owing to accidental
circumstances. Unless the duty were reduced altogether there
could be no doubt but the export of coal would diminish every
year. He would net trouble the House by entering more at
large into statistical details, but he would state that
he bad received communications from persons well
informed on the subject, from master colliers, from
the owners of mines, who declared that in consequence of
the diminution of export which was occasioned by the im-
position of the duty it was out of their power to
give full employment to the colliers, who were conse-
qttently depr►ved of one day's labour in the week.
He thought that he could claim the support of the
Hon. Members for Newcastle, Gateshead, Tynemouth.
and Shields, and others connected with the shipping interest,
(LEFT SPEAKING.)

THE LONDON GAZETTE
(THIS EVENING.)

CROWN-OFFICE, JUNE 4.
MEMBER RETURNED TO SERVE IN THIS PRESENT
PARLIAMENT.

COUNTY PALATINE OF LANCASTER.—SOUTHERN DIVI.
SION.—W Entwisle, Esq., in 'the room of the lion. R. B.
Wilbraham, deceased.
DISTRICT OF BURGHS OF KILMARNOCK, &C.—The Hon.
E. P. Bouverie, in the room of A. Johnston, Esq., deceased.
FOREIGN OFFICE, MAY 31.
. .

The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Francis Reid,
as Consul at Glasgow for his Majesty the King of the Belgians,
Commissions by the Lord Lieutenant and High Steward of the
Stewartry of Kirkcudbright.
_ _

J. C. Maxwell, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant ; W. Max•
well, Esq., to be ditto, May 9.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Westmorland and

Cumberland.

Westmorland and Cumberland Regiment of Yeomanry Ca-
valry.—H. Spencer, Gent., to be Cornet.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Backs.
The Taplow Troop of Yeomanry Cavalry.—J. Parton,
Gent., to be Cornet, lay 24. •
WHITEHALL, May 25, 1844.

The Lord Chancellor. has; appointed Thomas Turner, ix
Wellington, in the county of Salop, Gent., to be a Blaster
Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery.

BANKRUPTS.
TIMOTHY STEPHENS, umbrella manufacturer, New-
gate-street, to surrender June 14, at half-past one, and July
16, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Alsager, official
assignee, Birchin-lane, Cornhill; Taylor, South-place, Fins-
bury-square.
JOHN CLARK, grocer, Abingdon, June 13, at halt past
ten, and July 5, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell,
official assignee, 13asinghall-street ; Ashurst, Cheapside.
RICHARD COLEMAN, and EDWIN ROBERT HALL,
ironfounders, Colchester, June 18, and July Is, at twelve, at
the Court of Bankruptcy. Turquand, official assignee, Old
Jewrj-chambers ; Tooke and Son, Bedford-row ; Philbrick
and Co.

CHARLES A LDERTON, tailor, Brighthelmstone, Sussex,
June 15, at half-pa;t one, and July 12, at twelve, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's-place,
Old Jewry ; Wood and Fraser, Dean.street, Soho.
WILLIAM LINE, builder, Ramsgate, June 14, at two,
and July 12, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom,
official assignee, Abchurch-lane, Lombard-street; Williams,
Coleman-street, City.
EDWARD SEDGWICK, scrivener, Hythe, June 11, and
July 10, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, offi-
cial assignee, Basinghall-street ; Nias, Copthall-buildings.
WILL lAM HENRY BATES, factor, Birmingham,
June 14, at one, and July 12, at half-half ten, at the Birming-
ham District Court. Christie, official assignee, Birmingham ;
Palmer and Son, Birmingham ; Fellowes, Dudley ; Austin
ar.d Hobson, Gray's-inn, London.
JOHN SMITH, wine-merchant, Warwick ; June 12, and
July 17, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Bit-
tleston, official assignee, Birmingham ; Heath, Warwick.
BENJAMIN NORMAN and EDWIN BUCKMAN,
ironmongers, Cheltenham, June 17, at twelve, and July 16, at
eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Hutton, official assignee,
Bristol ; Foster, Wolverhampton ; White, Eyre, and White,
Bedford-row.

LEWIS JONES, general dealer, Barmouth, Merioneth-
shire, Juno 13, and July 11, at twelve, at the Liverpool Dis-
trict Court. Turner, official assignee, Liverpool ; Clarke and
Co.. Lincoin's-inn.fields, London; Owen and Griffith, Dol-
gelly; Green, Liverpool.

NOTICES OF INSOLVENCY.
J. Jenkins, painter, Praed-street, Paddington.
W. H. Jones, cordwainer, Kidderminster.
W. B. Plummer, slopseller, St. Alban's.
R. Thomas, victualler, Hertford.
T. Taylor, sen., brickmaker, Aston, Warwickshire.
E. Maltby, Sneinton, Nottinghamshire.
J. I. Mitchell, tea dealer, Gloucester.
H. Dale, baker, Worthing, Sussex.
W. W. Bradly, clerk, St. James-cottage, Old Kent-road.
E. Edwards, builder, Gravesend.
J. Johnson, tobacconist, Coburg-place, Old Kent-road.
J. Riches, printer, Norwich.
'l'. H. Johnson, traveller, Shepperton-street, Islington.
W. Blake, carpenter, Elizabeth-place, Upper Holloway.
J. Townsend, jun., undertaker's assistant, Charlton.
A. Norfolk, porter, Red-hill, Surrey.
J. Huntingdon, builder, Liverpool.
G. Habbij am, jun., Cumberland-street East, Regent's- park.
J. Price, jun., grocer, Cotton-street, Poplar.
L. R. Mackintosh, Cleeve, Gloucestershire.
W. S. Preston, broker, Rupert, street, Westminster.
W. Francis, farm steward, Llanelly, Carmarthenshire.
T. Carter, shopkeeper, Walcot, Somersetshire.
E. Garnham, butcher, London-road.
T. Paragrein, foreman, Richmond-street, Maida-hill.
J. Enoch, upholsterer,. Leamington Priors.
J. Barker, baker, Richmond-buildings, Brighthelmstone.
W. Roberts, coalmerchant, Bangor.
J. Rae, Northumberland-street, Torteth-park.
P. Doran, Blundell-street, Liverpool.
J. Thompson, innkeeper, Peterborough.
T. Hall, butcher, Great Ashby, Leicestershire.
J. P. Hillhouse, tea dealer, Bedford.
J. Williams, silk weaver, Bethnal-green.
J. Rees, mauufacturer of pills, Leckhampton, Gloucestershire.
J. S. Harvey, traveller, City-gardens, Islington.
T. Lee, lieenced victualler, Millwood, Yorkshire.
A. Gray, miller, Long Ashton, Somersetshire.
E. Middle, butter dealer, West-by-Water, Somersetshire.
W. Mace, victualler, Worcestershire.
T. Dale, provision dealer, Chesterfield, Derbyshire.
C. George, maltster, Worcerstershire.
C. Cheetham, hatter, Pimlico.
r B. B. Wilson, surgeon, Holrae, 'Westmorland.
J. Mitchell, wheelwright, Vauxhall.
W. Ba3ford, engineer, Ratcliffe-highway.
F. W. Cole, builder, Hammersmith.
F. Hillen, warehouseman, Shepperton Cottages, Islington.
G. F. S. Gillard, grocer, Plymouth.
SECOND NOTICES.
0. R. Windser, solicitor, St. Ann's-terrace, St. John's-
woordq,ua ; at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Tu
John Bunker, Horsemarket, Northamptonshire, June 10, at
Jnudn, e
official l oc,iaalt
ahsasligf-npeaes, eleven
half-past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham,
official assignee.
G. Sheppard, cook, Upper Stamford-street, Waterloo-road,
June 10, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham,
official assignee.
M. Prebble, tallow-chandler, Strood, Kent, June 11, at
two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee.
J. Elderkin, beer-sbop keeper, Brook-green, Hammersmith,
June H, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official
assignee.
R. Vinter, Springfield, Isle of Wight, June 12, at twelve, at
the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official assignee.
J. Everitt, rope maker, Great Yarmouth, June 11, at one,
at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official assignee.
J. Wetenhall, stock-agent, Walcot-terrace, Lambeth, June
11, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson, official
assignee.
J. Black, husbandman, Norwich, Lancashire, June 10, at
twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Stanway, official
assignee.
A. Aspinwall, cigar dealer, Manchester, June 10, at twelve,
at the Manchester District Court. Fraser, official assignee.
.1. Young, auctioneer, Durham, June 10, at one, at the
Newcastle-upon-Tyne Dist) ict Court. Baker, official assignee.
W. Barton, innkeeper, Darlington, June 10, at half-past ten,
at the Newcastle-upon-Tyne District Court. Wakley, official

assignee.
J. Hall, labourer, Bubwith, Yorkshire, June 8, at eleven
at the Leeds District Court. Hope, official assignee.

ASCOT RACES.
(THIS DAY-BY EXPRESS.)

(Continued from our Third Edition.)

The Borough Members' Plate of 50 Boys., added to a
Sweepstakes of 5 says. each; three yrs old, 7st;
four, Bst 41b; five, Bst 101 b; six and aged, 9st;
winners once in 1844 31b, twice, 61b extra. The
winner to be sold for 150 sous. Old mile.

Lord Che.terfield's Artful Dodger
Mr. Copeland's Imautn 2

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
(From the London New Price Current of June 4.)
SUGAR.—A reduction on former rates of is to is 6d per
cwt having been accepted for West India sugar, has caused
a considerable increase in the demand. This afternoon new
Barbadoes Sugar went off without spirit, and in some cases
6d per cwt. under former rates ; fine yellow sold at 65s to 66s 6d,
good 62s 6d to 63s 6d, middling Gls to 625, and low 60s to
60s 6d her cwt. In the Wrest India market less business was
transacted; the demand for Grocery and Refining purposes
was limited, although merchants submitted to a reduction on
the rates of Friday of 6d per cwt.
REFINED.—To-day Refined Sugar was less in request for
home consumption ; Standard Lumps are 77s 6d to 78a, and
brown grocery 76s 6d to 77s per cwt. In Bonded Crushed
Sugar there is not so much doing, and prices have declined
to 25s 6d to 253 9d for first quality.
Mminines.—This afternoon there was a large public sale,
the principal part of white consisted of bright yellow descrip-
tions. Holders submitted to a decline on former rates of is
to is Gd per cwt caused nearly the whole to be disposed of—
fine yellow sold at 63s 6d to 66s good 60 to 62s 6d; middling
58s to 59s Gd, low middling 56s 6d to 57s 6d, fine brown 565,
good 54s to 54s 6d, and ordinary to good grey 57s to 62s
per cwt.

EAST India.—Madras in bond sold 2s to 3s under the
general valuation ; low brown damp and washed went at 24s
to 25s 6d, middling 28s to 295, low yellow rather bright
30s to 30s 6d, middling 32s to 32s 6d, and good 33s
to 34s per cwt. For Foreign East India sugar prices are
firm. This afternoon Bengal Sugar went la under
former rates ; fine white at 64s 6d, good 63s to 63s 6d,
middling 61s to 62s 6d, low middling 59s to 60s, middling
yellow 56s to 57s 6d, good 58s 6d to 59s per cwt.
FOREIGN.—White Havannah has brought full rates.
Brazil has sustained the previous currency, and small parcels
of brown and yellow have been sold, but in white little
business has been transacted.
MOLASSES.—For West India rather lower rates have been
accepted ; Trinidad taken in at 26s to 27s ; Barbadoes 27s ;
Antigua sold at 25s to 25s to 24s 6d for middling, and 24s for
ordinary. East India is dull of sale; Madras bought in at
9s Gd per cwt.
Cocoa.—British Plantation has been less in request ; Tri-
nidad middling red at 43s to 465, grey 42s to 445, sea da-
maged and repacked 30s to 34s per cwt. Foreign is wanted,
and full rates paid privately for small parcels.
COFFEE.—lmporters of West India have supplied the mar-
ket freely, but submittiil to a decline on former prices of

2s to 3s per cwt has occasioned the demand to be good.
Holders of East India brought forward large parcels, and
prices have fallen for all sorts. This afternoon Jamaica Coffee
was in limited request only, and 137 casks of the new crop
at public sale were sold at a decline on former rates of 2s per
cwt; good middling at 96s to 975, mid 84s to 88s, low mid
79s to 83s 6d, fine fine ord 75s to 78s, ord 51s 6d, fine
ord 60s 6d to 695, ord 50s to 555, triage 20s to 555. Mocha
is to 2s per cwt under former rates, middling yellow went at
71s to 735, fine ordinary 69s 6d to 70s, broken 50s to 655, and
sea damaged first class 63s 6d to 67s 6d ; the remainder was
all taken in, good mid and good yellow at 75s to 78s, mid.
725, pale ratherl broken 655, brownish ditto 68s, and sea da-
maged 51s to 71s per cwt, being the former value. Ceylon
good ord at 47s to 47s 6d ; 49s 6d to 51s for fine ord colory,
61s 6d for fine fine ord, and 20s for triage.
TEA.—There has been a flatness in the market for all de-
scription of Black Tea, and rather lower rates have been ac-
cepted; but Green has sustained the former currency. To-
day importers of Black Tea were generally inclined to realise,
and for Green prices were not so firm, buyers were cautious
in their proceedings. The quantity offered at public sale was
large, amounting to 46,390 packages. There was a good at-
tendance of the trade, but they evinced little inclination tr.)
purchase, and the biddings were languid.
Rum, BRANDY„IND HcLrANDs.—Leeward Island Rum at
2s 2/d to 2s 3d per gallon, proof strength. Jamaica 26 to
28 per cent overproof 3s ld to 3s 4d, 30 to 35 over 3s 54 to
3s 9d, good 3s 10d to 4s, and superior 4s 2d to 5s per gallon.
Demerara, strong quality at 3s to 3s 4d. Calcutta Rum at
Is lld proof strength. For Brandy lower rates have been
accepted. Cognac, best brands of the vintage of 1839 has
been selling-1111(1s at 5s sd, pulls 5s 3d ; ditto 1839,1111(1s 5s 3d,
puns 5s Id ; ditto, 1840, hints 5s 2d, puns 5s ; ditto, 1841,
hlids 5s id, puns 4s lld ; ditto, 1842, hlids 4s 10d, puns
4s Bd, mid and good middling qualities 3s id to 4s 4d, and
low 2s 8d to 3s per gallon. Geneva at Is 8d for shipping, and
2s to 3s for good and fine for home consumption. English
Corn Spirits at lOs 2d per gallon, cash. To-day proof Lee-
wards at 2s 24 to 2s 2id, and Calcutta proof is lOid to is I Id
per gallon.

Rim —Bengal fetched lls to lls 6d fa gool middling
bold white, lOs 6d to Ile for middling rather broken, and
103 6d per cwt for sea damaged. Madras and Java have
maintained the former currency. Cleaned Rice is held firmly,
Patna at 13s to 17s, and Carolina 21s to 26s per cwt.
Saco.—Rather above former rates, and the market has al-
together a firmer appearance for the article. Sago Flour 19s 6d
to 201 per cwt. Tapioca fetched 4id to 4id, and Rio Arrow-
root 4d per lb.
• INDlGo.—llolders of East India are more inclined to realize,
and have submitted to a reduction on the rates of the 'last
quarterly sale of 2d to 3d per lb. The market is quiet for
Spanish, and prices are not so firm.
Ou.s.—Southern Oil fetched 271 5s to 321 5s for common
to fine pale. In Seal Oil more business has been transacted,
pale at 331 lOs to 331 on the spot, and 321 per tun for arrival.
Cod at 331 to 331 10s. Sperm sold at 711 lOs to 75/
lOs for Oil, and 781 lOs to 801 per tun for Headmat-
ter. Linseed Oil has been taken sparingly at 25s 6c to 25s 9d
per cwt on the spot; for delivery little business has been
transacted. Rape is cheaper, prie 38s 6d, and brown 37s 6d
per cwt. Palm 27s to 28s per cwt for fine. Cocoa Nut Oil
tine quality at 29s to 30s. Olive has been taken sparingly,
Gallipoli at 50/ 108 to 51/, Spanish 491 lOs to 501, and Bar-
bary 48/ lOs to 49/ per tun. This afternoon Cocoa Nut Oil
at 26s to 27s ad per cwt.
TALLow.—In Russian on the spot, prices at present cannot
be quoted lower; P.Y. Candle is 40s to 40s 6d per ewt : for
delivery at 41s 3d to 41s 6d, for the last three months of the
year. In the value of American there is no variation. Town
Tallow at 38s 6d to 395, nett cash. New South Wales at 41s
for fine.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
STANDARD.--The debate last night in the House of
Commons upon the sugar duties certainly presents the
Whig-Radical party in no respectalele light. The state of
the case is this—the British colonies are untainted by
slavery, but in getting rid of the taint they have become
less productive, and in consequence they cannot supply a
quantity of sugar adequate to the demand of this country.
The Government being thus required to open new sources of
supply, faithfully follows up the principle which led to the
abolition of slavery in our own dominions, and proposes to take
the supplemental import, in preference, from countries not
tainted with slavery. The mode in which it is proposed to
give effect to this preference, is to reduce the duty upon sugar
the growth of Java, the Manillas, and China, where slavery
does not exist, to 345. per cwt., leaving still a differential
duty of 10s. in favour of the British colonies. Lord John
Russell, briefed long ago by those persons who have
a present trade with Cuba and the Brazils, which
they could fondly hope to augment instantly by open-
ing our ports to slave sugar—briefed long ago by the greedy
gamblers, who are as indifferent to the future of their country
as they are to the happiness of their contemporary human
beings—Lord John Russell attacked the Ministerial arrange-
ment as false in commercial policy, and as hypocritical in
its alleged purpose. Now we are willing to meet Lord John
Russell on both grounds; and we trust to show that
blunders in the first, and that the charge of
hypocrisy, which he imputes in the second, recoils most
disgustingly upon himself and his own party. Lord John's
commercial theory is this—that we are always to confine
ourselves, at whatever sacrifice, to the markets of which
we are already in any degree possessed—a good rule enough
for the few who trade in these markets, but
what a doctrine for a great maritime nation I Perish
your prospects of an enlarged intercourse with China, or
of the restoration of the commerce of the mighty empire of
India, but nurse in your bosom all the abominations and
blood of a Cuban and Brazilian traffic, because you may, by
doing so, gain a smartish improvement in the present cot-
ton trade. Such is the pedlar policy of a Whig-Radical
political economist ; but such is not the policy by which
Great Britain has grown great—it is by finding new
and wider and more elastic markets, that a country must
permanently enlarge the sphere of her commerce. Would
that all the tropical productions received in this country,
were received from the old world, or from our own American
colonies. The old world is far more densely peopled, and the
elasticity of trade must always be in proportion to the
density of population. The Brazils and China are both before
us. With either of them we may now open a trade
for sugar. Brazil may have a population of five mil-
lions, of whom not more than two millions wear any clothing
to be spoken cf, the remaining three millions being negro
slaves in a state of primitive nudity; China, on the other
hand, has a population of three hundred and fifty millions of
fully clad people. Which of the two affords a prospect of the
the better market? Oh, but, it will be said, the Chinese
manufacture for themselves. So did the Indians, we answer,
until they found the British manufactures cheaper and
better. China alone is able to take all our manufactures
twofold, and to pay us in produce that must enable us
to command all the markets of the world. This is a trade
worth looking after, though it does not hold out any promise
to the Cobdens and the Brights, of a grand gambling sweep,
that would place them in a condition to double their
fortunes in a few months,—the only thing that a Leaguer
ever dreams of. Lord John's arguments, however, go all
upon the hypothesis, that the produce of sugar throughout
the world, and the demand for sugar, are fixed quantities.
If, says he, you will not consume the slave-made sugar,
others will, and they will discontinue to consume the free-
grown sugar, so that slavery will be just where it was.
But what if we open new markets ?—what if we, by our
demand, cause more sugar to be grown in Java and
the Manillas, and, above all, in China ; before long,
too, we trust, in our free African colonies? The new mar-
kets will take from us new manufactures ; and they will
either add to the amount of sugar grown, so as effectually
to ruin the trade of the old slave countries, or to compel
these countries to abandon slavery. To this it must
come, if Great Britain steadily pursues the path
that she is pursuing—a path which, besides its being the
path of duty, must conduct her to boundless wealth by the
way. The measure of Ministers, if rightly understood, is in-
deed a measure of really free trade, for it is a measure emanci-
pating our commerce from the trammels of interested exist •
mg relations between a few traders and a few narrow
markets—the worst imaginable monopoly. It is our firm belief
American
colonies, trade u
would
df cdoouurbsle still thatpreserving a total
time
break
trade
pof our
ourown
commerce of Great Britain in seven years. We propose,
however, no such daring experiment : we state the proposi-
tion merely in illustration of the opinion, whether right or
wrong, which we hold upon the subject of the Brazil trade.

RAILWAY BILLS in PARLIAMENT.
The following is an account of the length, cost, and other
particulars of the principal lines of railway now before Par-
liament :--
ASHTON, STALYI3RIDGE, AND LIVERPOOL JUNCTION.—
Length, 6i miles; estimated cost, 150,000/.--The expected
income is 13,336/.108. 11d., and the estimated annual expen-
diture 40 per cent. upon the receipts.
BLACKBUILN AND PRESTON.—Length, 9 miles and 52 chains ;
estimated cost, 120,0001.—The anticipated total gross income
is 17,6661. 11s., and the annual expenditure 7,155/.
BRIGHTON AND CHICHESTER —Length, 221 miles; esti-
mated cost, 285,0001.—The Brighton Company have agreed
• to lease the line for ten years, from its completion, at a rent
of 12,0001. a year—being 4 per cent. upon the estimate, di-
viding the net profits equally between the Proprietors of the
two Companies.
BRIGHTON AND HASTLNHS —Length, 324 miles; estimated
cost, 475,0001.—The Brighton Company have agreed to gua-
rantee 4 per cent. to the Shareholders in this line, upon the
capital, for ten years next after the opening; together with
a moiety of the profits which may be realised beyond such
per centage.
DUBLIN AND CASIIEL.—Length, 123 miles; estimated cost,
I,ooo,oool.—This is the first division of a line of railway from
Dublin to the south and west of Ireland. The proposed route
is front Dublin to Cashel, with a branch to Athy and Carlow.
The estimated income is 182,000/. ; and the annual expendi-
ture, at 40 per cent., 73,000/.
EASTERN UNION —Length, 16 miles 74 chains • estimated
cast, 200,0001.—The estimated income is 25,363/. 19s. Id.,
and the cost of working the line 40 per cent. on the traffic '
receipts.
EDINBURGH, LEITH, AND GnAlcrox.—Length, 2 miles and
1 furlong; estimated cost, 73,4001.
EPSOM AND CROTDON.—Length, 8 miles and 680 yards ;
estimated cost; 170,6091.—A branch from the Croydon Rail-
way, intended to be constructed by that Company, and to be
worked by the atmospheric principle. The Committee of
the House of Commons have recommended it in preference
to :the branch proposed by the South-Western Company to

Ersoat AND Souni-WEswix.—Length, 5 miles ; estimated
cost, 60,0001.—A branch from the Kingston Station of the
South-Western Railway, by which Company it is proposed
to be constructed.
GARNKIRK, GLASGOW, AND COATBRIDGE.—Length,
miles and 5 furlongs ; estimated cost, 100,000 L—The eastern
extension proposed by this branch will 'effect a connection
with the Wishaw and Coltness Railway, and the western
extension will bring the railway nearer to the centre of
Glasgow.
LANCASTER AND CAtuAsr.E.—Length, 69 miles and 70
chains •, estimated cost, 900,000 L—Guarantees have been
given by the Birmingham, the Grand Junction, and the
North I7nion Railway Companies, for subscribing towards
the line 100,0001., 250,0001., and 65,0001. Annual traffic has
been proved to the extent of 107,6251.; estimated annual
working expenditure, 45 per cent. upon the gross receipts.
MANCHESTER, BURY, AND ROSSENDALE.-I...ength, 13 miles
and 76 chains ; estimated cost, 300,0001.—This line runs from
the Manchester and Bolton Railway, through Bury, to the
Forest of Rossendale.
NEWBURY, BASINGSTOKE, AND SOUTBANIPTON.—Length,
15 miles and 13 chains ; estimated cost, 200,000/.—The
South-Western Company have agreed to pay to the pro-
prietors of this line a net annual rent in perpetuity, equal to
3-1- per cent. on the outlay; and also to divide equally with
the shareholders the contemplated profits, after payment of
that rent, which, it is calculated, will raise the dividends to
5 per cent.
NORTH Burnsir.—Length, 57 miles and 57 chains, with a
branch of 4 miles and 686 yards; estimated cost, 800,0001.
This is one of the four railways proposed to connect Eng-
land with Scotland. The route is from Edinburgh to Ber-
wick ; from which latter terminus it is intended, by another
Company, to make a line to Newcastle—thus completing
an uninterrupted chain of railways from London to Edin-
burgh.
SALISBURY AND SOUTII-WESTERN.—Length, 21 miles and
57 chains; estimated cost, 240,000/.—A branch from the