The Sun.
London, England, 1845-03-15 00:00:00

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LONDON, SATURDAY, MARCH 15, 1545.

The House of Lords met at Five o'Clock.

In consequence of the continued indisp,sition of tho
First Lord of the Admiralty, the Earl of MINTo post-
poned his motion on the subject of the naval force at
Otaheite, until after the Easter holidays.
The Fresh Water Fish (Scotland) Bill was read a
second time.

Lord BROUGHAM stated that he did not intend to in-
troduce the Bill of which he had given notice on a pre-
ceding evening, on the subject of the non-free traders
of the city of Lcndon, and moved for a return of the
number of non-freemen admitted to the freedom during
the year ending April 1844.
The Earl of ROSSLYN gave notice that, on Tuesday,
be should put a question to the Government, on the sub-
ject V their intentions with regard to the Scotch bank-
ing system.

The Jewish Relief Bill was then read a third time and
passei, after a short but energetic speech in its favour
by the Dull 4:4 CAMBRIDGE, and the House adjourned.
The Nouse of COmmons met at twelve, and immedi-
ately went into Committee on the Railway Clauses Con-
solidation Bill.

The Bill passed through Committee, and was ordered
to be reported at twelve o'clock on Mondty.
The House then went into Committee on the Land
Clauses Consolidation Bill.

The 13i1l" passed through Committee, and the House
adjgarned to Fire o'clock.
On the re-assembling of the House,

The SOLICITOR-GENERAL gave notice of his intention
to move for leave to briy.g in a Bill for the protection of
property in the British Museum, and other public places.
On the motion of Mr. IVANLEY the petition from
Finsbury, on the subject of Post-office espionage, was
ordered to be printed.
Mr: G. W. I.lopE gave notice that, on Tuesday, he
should bring forward a motion for papers for the pur-
pose (4'g:tying the New Zealand Company an'opportunity
of substantiating the charges which they had brought
against Lord STANLEY and the Colonial Department.
A short discussion followed, in the course of which

Mr. AoLioNny and Mr. MANGLES expressed their readi-
ness to substantiate every charge they had made ; and
the latter Hon. Gentleman designated the Colonial De-
partment as a plague and a nuisance.

will give credit?" Why, they must give credit. Busi-
ness could not go on a single day without giving credit,
and the general stoppage of further credit woutd bring
the whole country to a stand. There is a vast number
of tradespeople who cannot be ready-money men. Men
whose labour must be completed on certain materials
before they can ask for their money. To say to such
people " You must not give credit "—is equivalent to
saying "You must do no more work ;" and to say to the
shopkeeper, "You must not give credit,"• is equal to
saying to him, " You must close your shop." The fact is
that credit must be given and taken from the highest to
the lowest; from peers of the realm down to peasants at
the plough.
Very well. If this excessive credit be essential to
the present extent of trading, give it. But don't let
tradesmen insist, on the one hand, on the necessity of
continuing an admitted evil practice, that they
excuse on the plea of its being essential to their suc-
cess and prosperity ; an(l on the other, ask the Legis.
lature for heavy penalties on those on whose heads
the accommodation afforded by this practice turns
out to be actual loss, instead of the contem-
plated profit of- the tradesman who has given it.
When we read the list of the members of this
Society, we pictured to ourselves, in reference
to their trades and addresses, sleek oilmen, in
Bishopsgate-street, portly leather sellers, wealthy
ironmongers, ruddy salesmen, &c. &c., of Thames-
street, Milk-street, Newgate-market, &c. !But we soon
found our error. At p. 11 we learned they were but
" shadows of their former selves," mere walking anato -
miss; their natural fluids exhausted, or replaced by
the atrabilious secretions consequent on bad debts
and worthless schedules. " All these legal evils
combine to giving credit—and yet credit must
be given—precarious; and to make the life of a
tradesman a corrosion of care— and the conduct of
business anxious and perplexing in the extreme." We
had prepared other extracts from this paper; but it
is hardly needful to press further such self-evi-
dent and post-dated appeals from the late
decrees of the Legislature to the angry and
interested passions of one class of the community,
with a view to reinforce the absolute severity of the
law upon another. The "remedial " propositions to
be pressed on Parliament include one for taking the
c,gnizance of all debts for sums over 201., and not
above 1001., from her MAJESTY'S Courts at Westmin-
ster, and giving this jurisdiction to the Sheriff!

Sir R PEEL had no wish to force on a discussion on
the general question, but his Noble Friend, at the
head of the Colonial Department, having been accused
of bad faith, was desirous that the House should not
separate for the recess until he had an opportunity of
vindicating himself.
Mr. HOME and Lord J. RUSSELL suggested that the
charge against the Colonial Governnacnt should be
taken on a Government night, and the charge against
Lord STANLEY personalty should be taken separately on
a motion night ; and on
Mr. G. W. HorE repeating his expectation of being
able to bring on the matter on Tuesday, the conversa-
tion dropped.
Various questions were then asked; after which the
House went into Committee on the Sugar Duties Bill.

Mr. lIAwEs moved " that provi,ion be made in the
Bill for the drawback of the amount of the duty re-
duced, on such duty-paid sugar as now remains in the
QUEEN'S warehouse."
After some discussion, Sir ROBERT PEEL stated
that there would be, he thought, no objection to allow
upon sugar in bond a drawback equivalent to the actual
loss sustained.

With this announcement Mr. HAWES expressed him-
self satisfied and withdrew his motion.
Several other amendments were subsequently pro-
posed, all of which were lost ; and the Bill eventually
passed through Committee.
The other orders of the day were then disposed of,
and the House adjourned at Half-past One o'Clock.

'We have received a copy of the " Address of the I
Equitable Debtor and Creditor Association to the
Members of the Trading and Mercantile Interests,"
the object of which appears to be to induce the great
community of the latter to join the " tyrant majority"
of the former in a very determined crusade against
those worst of modern infidels, the men who run in
debt. To say the truth, at the outset, we have not
often perused a document less marked by evidences of
a Christian spirit of charity for the unfortunate, or of
common equity in considering the relations between
those who have fallen, and those who maintain their
places, in our social system. Indeed we do not remem-
ber to have once stumbled, in passing through sixteen
well-filled octavo pages in which the " Address" is
composed, on the words "charity" and "misfortune."
After announcing that the adtlressers, " beine men in
trade," have an "entire and practical knowledge of
the evils under which they now labour. in conducting
their business"—which may be supposed likely
enough—" and of the legislative remedies those evils
require"—a fact much more problematical, they
observe, that "for thirty years last past successive
Acts of Parliament have passed hostile to the
interests of the creditor." They omit to notice the
converse of this allegation—that for centuries before
the statute-book had been loaded with "Acts of Par-
liament" hostile to the interests of the debtor. There
are other otnis!ions of essential facts, tending towards
conclmions very different from those which the " Ad-
dress" endeavours to establish, which we can readily ac-
count for. The party or parties who have framed this
document appear to have been so completely preoccu-
pied by sensitiveness to the supposed peril of their
own immediate interests under the present state of
the law, that they could entertain no considerations
which did not lean, like the trees for many miles in-
the vicinity of Liverpool, all in one direction. For
the same reason, too, they rest their whole case on
premises which have r.4erence to the wrongs of
"tradesmen exclusively, not to these of the commercial
classes, who are included merely in the superscription
of the "Address." This is a species of egotism
which we have often noticed in the constituency of
the addressers. The course of Government on great
national questions—the policy of the measures it may
have adopted in vindication of the national honour—
the ultimate results of so vast a disturbing action as
that of the Reform Bill—these are always put in the
same category with a proposition for repealing the
small receipt stamp duty, or the duty on rice. "The"
question with every tradesman, and the only one he
ever dreams of in connexion with any measure of the
kind, is—" Will it make good for trade ?" An
Emperor dies, and there is a court mourning here,
and there are sanguinary tumults, with fearful
violence, elsewhere. The court mourning goes down
to the credit of the event; the consideration for the
mass of human misery which accompanies it appears
nowhere on his books. A man like RONIILLY, or
BUXTON, passes out of existence : there is no court
mourning, but a voice of lamentation from the friend-
less, the indigent, and oppressed. His death, however,
does not "snake good for trade," and On that account
is "not" a matter of congratulation with the thrifty
London trader. Eight hundred thousand of our
fellow-creatures, negro slaves in our West Indian
colonies, are, by a magnificent act of retributive
justice and British magnamity, set free in a single
day. Eight hundred thousand human beings spring,
at a bound, from the lowest depths of social degra-
dation to the tatus and relations of freemen—a
Roble spectacle, worthy of a festival holiday in its
honour to be celebrated by all the races of civilised
mankind in all time to come. In London it was
difficult to show that this mighty manumission
" would make good for trade ;" and on that account
no entries are to be found in its day-book or in its
ledger to record this proceeding as matter for con-
gratulation.

The division on Mr. COBDEN'S motion for an inquiry
into the cause of agricultural distress was, within a few
votes, what might have been expected. The majority
which Sir ROBERT PEEL can always command when he
chooses to act the Farmers' Friend were at their
post, and resolutely determined to look for no
relief to themselves, their tenants, and their half-
starved labourers but from protection. They have not
courage to look the evil in the face, and, like sluggards,
trust to the chapter of accidents, or what is still more
hopele s, to vain Acts of Parliament, for rdief
Speeches like those of Mr. COBDEN and Lord
Howtex, excellent as they are, are entirely
thrown away on men whom experience cannot convince.
Though the corn-laws have been in operation now for
thirty years, and during a great portion of that period
were entirely in accordance with the landowners' claims,
prices have been constantly fluctuating—they are
now so low, that ruin stares master and servant
in the face,—yet still the monopolists continue the
mad cry " More corn laws,"and " Down with free trade."
The Government, however, are evidently conscious of
the absurdity of these men, for, with the exception of
Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT, all were silent, and had he been
silent too their case would perhaps have been better. The
Duke of Wfimaxe TON has long undergone the odium of
having described county meetings as farces, but .there
was absolute wisdom in this maxim compared with the
character which the new Secretary at War has given of
Committees of Inquiry. " Tell me," said he, " the
politics of the majority of the Committee, and I will
tell you the nature of the report." So that all
inquiries are vain, honour and honesty are not to be
found among the representatives of the people. Facts
are set at defiance, and the Chairman of a Corn
mittee delivers a report, not according to evi-
dence, but in accordance with his politics. We
trust, however, that the enemies of the corn-laws
will not be dismayed by such defeats, but persevere in
the steady tenor of their way till they have, by the re-
petition of undeniable facts, taught even their blind op
ronents wisdom. They have already done wonders.
they have silenced Sir ROBERT PEEL, because
ho cannot deny their conclusions without contra-
vening his own principles on free trade ; but they have
done a great deal more, they have roused the farmers to
their real interests and the cause of all their distress.
The obstinate agriculturists of the old school have begun
to open their eyes—they hare tried protection, till they
are left without protection ; and they now believe
that safety may yet be found by improvements in their
system, by increased diligence and industry, and by
securities from the landlord that their lab; ur and capital
shall have a suitable return—in other- words, that
their is no safety for them, and no hopes but
in lca'es of such a length that they shall have
time for realising ample returns for their outlay. This
is -the foundation of all good farming. Without it
neither .Sovereign, nor Parliament, nor Minister can
afford them any relief. For this new light they are en-
tirely indebted to Mr. COBDEN and his friends ; and,
instead of denouncing them as enemies, they ought to
welcome them as their best friends.

We cannot recur to the debate of Tuesday night, on
Mr. AGLIONBY'S motion for the production of papers
connected with the affairs of New Zealand and the
of Captain FITZROY'S government, without a feel-
ing of extreme difficulty in selecting the most important
features which it presents for animadversion. On the
conduct of the New Zealand Company—on the unjusti-
fiable proceedings of its Directors—on the loss of pro
perty, the disappointed hopes, the broken spirits, the
ruined expectations which have ensued upon their past
mismanagement—we have not been slow to express our
strong opinions. We do not, therefore, in the present
state of our information, feel prepared to concur with
the Hon. Member for Coekermouth in the sort of case
he hai inferentially assumed in favour of that Company,
as a public body at once meritorious and aggrieved. We
have no sympathy with the singular delusion under
which its champions labour, when, in vindicating the
complaints of certain settlers and colonists against the
local government of that far distant possession, " that an
undue degree of consideration and favour is habitually
shown to the 'savages'"—as they are pleased to term the
whole of the Aboriginal population;—they affect to treat
the native New Zealanders as overgrown children, in-
capable of judging what are their own wants, ignorant
of what are their own rights, and inadequate to any
estimation of the means presented to them for supplying
the one or establishing the other. If negotiations with
the New Zealanders for the purchase of lands, or the
preparation of treaties, have failed on account of this
fatal preliminary, an undervaluing of the moral dispo-
sition and natural intelligence of the people, the fault
lies in the gross ignorance and misapprehension of those
who undertook the organization of such relations with
them being so utterly disqualified for such a duty. So
far from regarding—with some of cur friends in whose
political and commercial views we have the happiness of
generally concurring—the principles or management of
the whole New Zealand Company concern with un-
qualified favour, we look upon it as one of the most ill-
considered, precipitate, ill-advised, and ignorantly worked
experiments in colonial emigration and settlement uhich
AI as ever set afloat in this country. The Company's affairs
abroad seem to have been at least as much mismanaged
as their business at home; and a more emphatic con-
demnation than this we could not pronounce upon the
Association. The catastrophe of Wairau was the in-
evitable denouenzeht of such a melancholy series of blunders.
We sincerely lament, with Mr. BULLER, the disastrous
fate of Captain 'WAKEFIELD on that occasion ; but can
we forget the fatuity or the misfortune which makes
him so largely responsible for the incredible proceeding,
on the part Of the settler-band, of surrendering up their
arms, without a struggle, to the sanguinary followers
of the implacable chief to whose spears and clubs
they may be said to have presented themselves
a voluntary sacrifice ? But we dismiss the particular
case of New Zealand, and even of the extravagant mal-
administration of its interests by the Government ap-
pointed under the Colonial Department, in order to ex-
press our unqualified thanks to Mr. AGLIONBY for the
masterly exposition he gave of Donning-street dog-
gedness and folly in elealirg with the must vital inte-
rests of cur fellow-subjeets in our remotest possessions.
It is high time, as the Hon. and Learned Gentleman,
who followed Mr. BULLER in a speech of congenial
ability, said, " that the attention of the Legislature
should be solemnly directed to the unsatisfactory
management of colonial business by the Minister for that
great department, and the melancholy exhibitions of in-
capacity and wrong-heatedness uhich its selected go-
vernors to fre.Tiantly exhibit, to the amazement of
the public. To judge from the official acts of Captain
FITZROY, which are of an eccentric extravagance, on the
statements of these gentlemen, we are left to hesitate
under what phase of intelligent respectability we are
to consider him as acting. We must not call him a pon-
juror—we do not believe him to be one. But he seems as
Tofound an adept in hazarding measures of suicidal
temerity as the " medicine man" in a camp of Mandan

It is really pleasant to contemplate the emotions of
resentment with which the Address adverts to the
statutes that have ameliorated the severity of the old
penal law against debtors. " This hostility consists
in the furnishing of increased facilities to the debtor
to Fet rid of what is mildly and tenderly termed ' his
difficulties.' " Of course these could not possibly be
the result of " his misfortunes." These latter-day
evils of mitigation are attributed, among other causes,
to the Insolvent Debtors' Court, the abolition of
arrest on mesne process, and Lord BROUGHAM'S late
Act "until, at length, the creditor is left without any
power" ! !—(there are no writs, no judgments, no ex-
ecutions, no costs, no imprisonments, now, then ?)
" and lags (lies) entirely at the mercy of his debtor."
That is, we suppose, the debtor can proceed against
his creditor for giving him credit, and only abstains
from so doing as an act of mercy ! " Formerly the
debtor was at the mercy of his creditor." Now, there's
the rub. NVhy should the Legislature have ever
taken away from the creditor the useful and delicious
powers of ingeniously tormenting ? Alas, for the
good old times when a creditor was armed,
like a cat, with strong legal talons and
unescapab!e eyes, an 1 paws and mouth, to frighten,
toss, worry, agitate, wound, mutilate, and destroy his
victim, for his wholesome sustenance, as well as for
his pleasure and amusement! In 1845 we could not
have anticipated that one hand would be raised agaip,
as it is here, stealthily,in favour of the arrest on mesne
process, and that we should hear a Jeremiad over
the days that are gone of swarming prisons, with
broken-hearted unfortunates herded up together with
fraudulent and felonious swindlers, knaves, and cheats.
Why, we know that in the eighteen months subse-
quent to the peace of December, 1825, produced by
one of the many convulsions which Sir ROBERT
PEEL'S Currency Bill of 1819 has already occasioned,
and, alas ! is still destined to generate; no less than
101,000 writs for debt were issued from the Courts
in England alone. Is it to this wise and humane
and politic state of things that this " Equitable" As-
sociation would desire to force the country back ?
We know that in the year ending sth of January,
1830, to the several prisons of London alone, 7114
persons had been committed for debt, of whom 1547
on that day were still confined. Is this the standard
number of hecatombs which the Association's pro-
pensity to victimize would still demand ? The As-
sociation seems to rely for a confirmation of its amiable
views on a very foolish speech attributed to Mr.
Commissioner Evart, who, if ever he pronounced it,
was guilty of a strange excess of judicial indecorum
so to express himself of the very Act of Parliament,
the provisions of which he was sitting expressly to
administer. The spirit in which the address is con-
ceived may be further inferred from this passage :
" The workhouse has been rendered as repulsive as
possible, to induce persons to support themselves by
their own industry and conduct; but the Insolvent
Courts have been rendered as traractive as possible to
people in difficulties;' and,then comes the ugly argu-
ment for tin propriety of the new legislation which
the association deprecate so much.

Bat it is s%id "That these increased facilities f..,r
debtors getting out of their difficulties should have made
creditors more cautious in giving credit;" that" they have
the power of withholding credit, and that if they will
give credit, they must 410 the consequences." "If they

TRI4I SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 15, 1845.

or Scioux Indians. It was well observed that the ques-
tion of New Zealand was that of our colonial govern-
ment at large ; its history only a striking illustration
of the entire ignorance of the whole subject of colonial
government, which pervaded the whole colonial adminis-
tration abroad and at home. And what can be the
cause of this singular administrative anomaly in a Go-
vernment generally of so much intelligence and sagacity
as our own ? We answer that it is mainly the re-
sult of the very defective system of education which
prevails in our Universities and public schools
Captain FITZROY, it must have been imagined, was, by
descent and family connexion, a born legislator. His
blunders are only one more example to prove the rule of
favouri:ism and party connexions in the bestowal of
such appointments, and to illustrate their melancholy but
inevitable consequences. Now and then a man like
STANFORD RAFFLES starts into place without any of
these adventitious advantages, and establishes the empire
of his country's political force and renown in Java, or gives
marvellous concentration to her co nmercial energy and
greatnesss at Singapore. He is only a " practical" man,
of no connexions but great natural talents, expanded by
observation, sharpened by necessity, and matured by
experience, into statesmanlike wisdom. He is a brilliant
exception ; but one of such ncte and mark as should at
once override the rule. We might in that event look for
colonial secretaries appointed in virtue only of their
extensive knowledge of colonial affairs, their dispas-
sionate judgment, temper, and patriotic disregard of
personal prepossessions or prejudices. We might then
hope for colonial governors, nominated on account only
of their talents for administration, their local know.
ledge, their ability to reconcile the legitimate c!aiins of
individual interests with the paramount demands of the
public good ;—men distinguished alike fur being con-
versant with the business of government, and gifted
with a knowledge of human character. On this last
point we are pleased to avail ourselves of the implied
reflection on the inistaktn policy which inexperience or
ignorance of the character of the New Zealand Abori-
gines has induced English functionaries of all kinds in
that island to adopt, that was conveyed in the remark of
an lion. Tory Member, with whom it is rarely our
fortune to side. But we do acquiesce, to the letter, in
these observations by Sir ROBERT INGLIS:—'•From the
moment that we thus recognised them, all our pro-
ceedings in reference to them should have proceeded on
the footing of equal rights, ant of equal power, for that
was not possible. But, on the contrary, the case, as it
actually stood, was the clue of a company of persons, and
the individuals composing that company were men of
character as high and principles us just as any who are
to le, found in any part of the empire, the binding prin-
ciples of whom, it could not be der.ied, were principles of
pecuniary interest."

Madrid journals of the 6th have been received. In
the Chamber of Deputies, on that day, the report of the
Committee on the restoration of Church property had
been presented. The majority are in favour of the
Government proposition, but a separate report was
given in by the minority, in which it is recommended that
further guarantees should be given to the purchasers of
national property, and that the property about to be
given to the clergy should not be placed at their absolute
and uncontrolled disposal. The editor of the Espectador,
charged with publishing a libel on the Government rela-
tive to the execution of Zurbano, had been acquitted.
AIADRID BOURSE.—Three per Cents, for cash 33i,
for account 34 9-16 ; Fire per Cents. for account 251:

The intelligence in the Paris papers is not important.
The Chamber of Deputies had resolved unanimously to
take into consideration the Bill of M. MURET DE BORT,
for the Conversion of the Five per Cents. The Finance
Minister said he had no objection to the measure being
brought forward for discussion, and pledged himself to
bring in 'a Bill on the subject next session. A tele-
graphic dispatch, dated the 10th, had been received by
the Government on Tuesday from the Maritime Prefect
of Toulon, announcing that the strike by the workmen
of the. Arsenal had ceased, and that the men had re
sinned their. labours. The Paris papers contain some
additional particulars respecting the late fatal duel.
It appears that M. DUJARRIER, who was killed,
had the first fire, but missed his antagonist.
M. BEAUVALON, in returning the shot, sent his ball
through the right eye into the brain of his adversary,
who was immediately put into his carriage to be conveyed
home, but he expired before it reached the house. The
duel, it appears, arose out of a dispute at a party of
cards. The Droit says, "A writing stained with blood,
found in one of M. DUJARRIER'S pockets, dated Monday
night, twelve o'clock, and addressed to his testamentary
executor, begins in these words:—' At the moment of
going to fight a duel, on the most futile and absurd of
causes, I intrust to you my last will.' Then follows an
enumeration of the legacies, one of which is eighteen
shares in the Theatre of the Palais Royal, to an actress
of the Theatre of the Porte St. Martin. The Procu-
reur du Roi has named an examining magistrate to in-
vestigate the circumstances of the death, and an autopsy
of the body has been ordered. Warrants for the arrest
of M. BEAUVALON and his seconds have been issued."

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, FRIDAY EVENING.

Consols closed precisely the same as in the morning, being
993% % for Money and 100 to for Account. Exchequer-
bills were firm.

The Foreign Investments realised full prices. Spanish
Three per Celts. were 40% %. Portuguese Converted rallied
to 66% and 67. Colombian were 14% to % premium.
Peruvian, 323 to 33%; and Belgian Four-and-a-Half per
Cents. 101%.
The additional transactions in Railway Shares have been
these :—The Birmingham and Gloucester 31% to 31 ; Ditto,
Half, 1 ; Bristol and Exeter, 111,E ' • Caledonian, 3% 3/4 ;
Churnet Valley, 4% to 5; Dublin and Galway, %; Eastern
Counties, ; Perpetual, No. 2, %; Union Extension,
2%; Great Southern and Western (Ireland) Extension, 4%;
Great North of England, 89 ; New, 19 ; Guildford, Fareham,
and Portsmouth, ; Harwich, ; Hull and Selby, Half,
16% •, London and Birmingham, 231 ; Ditto, Thirds, 42 to % ;
Brighton, 13% ; South-Western, 38%; Croydon, 4% to
; Ditto, Guaranteed, 1.; London and York, % % ; Lynn
and Ely, 2% ; North British ..77 I,q ; NotViern and astern,
Scrip, 19% ; North Kent, 11,E ' • Richmond and West-End
Junction, 2% ;- Scottish Midland, I/2 ' • North Wales, % ; Di-
rect Northern, 13; ; .Chichester and Brighton, %; Shrews-
bury and Birmingham, 3% : South-Eastern, 9%; Ditto,
New, No. 3, OA.; South Wales, 33/4 ; Trent Valley, 20%;
Waterford and Kilkenny, 21/s ; York and North Slidland,
51 to 53 ; Ditto, Half, 26 ; Selby, 46 ; Boulogne and Amiens,
7%; Orleans and Vierzon, 15%; Orleans and Bordeaux,
8% ; Paris and Orleans, 31 ; and Paris and Strasburg, %
premium ; Lincoln, York, and Leeds were % discount ; Real
Del Monte Mine, Unregistered, were 5.
There has been an advance in the rate of Exchange on
Hamburg, Paris, and Trieste; but on Antwerp bills were
taken at lower rates.'

(From The Sun of Last Night.)
The Cotton Market at Liverpool yesterday was flat. Sake,
5,000 bales, including 500 American on speculation. There
was no alteration in prices; 100 bales Pemain went at 5%d.
to 1,
6d. ; 100 Maranham at 54d. ; and 300 Surat,
.at 2%41.
. t
3d.—Shares were firm, and a large business was done.
Barnsley Junction,3% ; Birkenhead, Manchester, and Ches-
ter, 81,4 ; Bolton, Wigan, and Liverpool, 8 % ; Caledonian,
7% %; Cambridge and Lincoln, 6 %; Chester and Birken-
head, 41% ; Ditto, New Shares, 33% ; Ditto, Half Shares,
2012 ; Chester and Holyhead, 8 %; Churnet Valley, 7%;
Cork and Brandon, 4 ; Dublin, Mullingar, and Athlone, 2;
Eastern Counties, 21 % ; Ditto, Perpetual, No. 1,5/. 13s. 4d. ;
Ditto, No. 2, 245. 2 is. 4d ; Ely and Bedford, 2%; Grand June-
tion, 224 ; Do., Quarters, 553% 56 ; Do., Eighths, 19 % • Great
Grimsby and Sheffield, 31/2 4; Huddersfield Canal and Rail-
way, 5%; Lancaster and Preston, 53 ; Liverpool and Man-
chester, 207 ; Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston, 63 61 ;
ondon and . Birmingham; 233 234; Do., 321. Shares,
43%; Do., Quarter Shares, 30% 31 • London and South-
Western, 79%; London and York, 3% %; Direct
Northern, 4%, 4/. 18s. 9d.; Leeds and West Riding Junc-
tion, 7 7%; .Lvnri and Derehaa-i, 295. ; Manchester and
Birmingham, e 6 65%; Do., Quarter Shares, 11s. %;
Manchester, Billy, and Rossendale, 14%; Manchester, Bol-
ton, and Bury, 160% 165 ; Manchester and Leeds, 142%;
Ditto, Sixteenth Shares, 7%; Midland Railway, 140% 140%;
Ditto, 40/. Shares; 13%; Ditto, Fifths, 33q ; "Ditto, Consoli-
dated Birmingham and Derby, 109 ; Newcastle and
Berwick, 14; Newcastle and Carlisle, 125; Ditto,
Quarter Shares, 31% ; North Union, 79 ; North
Wales, 23/; Preston and Wyre, 30 %; Sheffield • and
Manchester, 1041,12 105, Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, and
Birmingham, 3% ; Shrewsbury and Grand Junction, 5% ;
Shrewsbury, and Chester, 2%; South-Eastern and
Dover, 421'4 ; Ditto, "New, No. 1, 16%; Ditto, New, No. 3,
8% %; South Wales, 5% 1,4 ; Trent Valley, 223/4 ; West
Yorkshire, 3% ; Worcester and Tring, 3% ; Bordeaux and
Toulouse (Mackenzie's), 2%; Bordeaux and Cette, 2%;
Boulogne and Amiens (English), 10s. 16s. Bd. • Central of
France, 17 ;Northern of France (English), 6 ; Orleans, Tours,
and Bordeaux (English), 974 ; Paris and St. Quentin, 7 %;
Sambre and Meuse, 6%; Verona and Ancona, 255.
There seems to be now no doubt but that all the sugar in
bond, subject to 245. and 5 per cent., will be realised at the
uniform duty of 14s: per cwt., without reference to quality.
We shall have -a busy day to-morrow at the docks and
Custom -house. _ _ . _

There arc deplorable accounts from Prussia of the state of
the inhabitants of several districts. In the circle of
Cletzko it is stated that there were four thou-
sand families without food or work, and in Fried
land one-third of the houses are described as being un-
inhabited and shut up. The mortality among the people,
owing to starvation and the severity of the winter, was per-
fectly awful; and from the 9th to the 16th ult. the
deaths were as 6 to 1 to the births. During the winter
three• fourths of the cattle are said to have p( rished for
the want of proper shelter and nourishment, and the people
were reduced to such a state that in numerous instances they
preferre.t remaining in bed half the day to avoid
the cold, and console themselves for their scanty supply
of food. The agriculturists had not even the requisite seed
to put in the ground for the ensuing crops, and there was
little hope for them but from immediate assistance by Go-
vernment. All this is given in a communication horn Co-
logne, and yet it appears extraordinary th at if matters are
so bad the Berlin Cabinet should not, ere this, have inter-
posed.
The Funds are firmer again, Consols having touched 99%
and. par for illone.y. Nothing has been done in Bank Stock.
Exchequer-bills Bite been 665. to 68s. premium.
The value of Portuguese Stock- has further receded, the
Converted being 651/ to 6616. A reaction is to be expected.
Spanish Five per Cents. are up to 293/4 and 3014. The Threes
are 403/4. Mexican Bonds bring 3614 to %. Dutch Two-
and- a-Half per Cents. are 6312.
Shares are rather fluctuating. South-Eastern have been
better, Churnet Valley rather lower, Direct Northern firm,
and London and York steady. Brighton are quiet.
• ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF DITITIS2I FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
3 per Cent. Consols
South Sea Stock
Ditto New Annuities . . 983/4 983 A
Exchequer Bills, 1,0001., 11,4 d.... 66 68 pm. 68
Ditto 500/. .
Ditto Small ... 67 68 pm. 68
Ditto Advertised pm.

ONE
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK.
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent 43
Columbian Bonds, ex Venezuela 14%
Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1837... 3614%
Ditto, Deferred — 15%
Peruvian Bonds d per Cents 331,4 33%
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent
Ditto, Converted
Ditto, Account 67 66% 67%
Russian Bonds 11614 117
Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840.
Ditto, Passive
Ditto 3 per Cent. . .. 40%
Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent —
Ditto, Deferred
Belgian Bonds, 4% per Cent — 10114
Dutch, 2% per Cent
Ditto Account
Ditto, 4 per Cent., Cerufic 9914 99
PRICES OF CLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES
PAID. AT ONE O'CLOCK. riticEs
Binning. and Gloucesterloo 1321/4
Do. New
Ditto % Shares
Bristol and Exeter
Bristol and Gloucester... 30
Cal.tdonian ,.
Cambridge and Lincoln 11/2...... 6 iifi %
Chester and Holyhead... 5
Chichester and Brighton 5
Cliurnet Valley
Cornwall
Direct Northern
Dublin and Galway..... 21/2 2%8%
Eastern Counties 25 ... .. 211/8 20%
Ditto Perpetual, 5 per
Cent, 'No. 1...•41. 13s. 4d ll/8 1 ...
Ditto ditto, No.'2. l3s. 4d — ..
Eastern Union lO .. ...
Ditto Extension
Edinburgh and Glasgow 50
Ditto New 14 Shares... 2% 5% •••
Ely and Bedford
Grand Junction ' 100
Ditto Quarters
Great South. and West.
(Ireland)
Ditto Extension
Groat North of England..loo l9O
Ditto New
Ditto New - : 2
Great Western . ..... ••••• 80 ......1761/
Ditto 1,4 Shares
Ditto Fifths - • 20
Guildford, Farn'in,Ports. 2%..... 4'l7i ,
Harwich . 1
Hull and Gainsborough 1% l%
Hull and Selby , 5O
Do. Half Shares
Lincoln, York, and Leeds 1%
London and Birminghm (5t0ck)...234
Do. New Thirds
London and Blackwall. 16/. 135.4 d 7%%,
London and Brighton... 50 ...... 63%
Do. Consolidated Bths 16
London and Croydon, 131. 15s. 9d. 1814 18 ...
Do. Guaranteed 5 per
Cent. " 4
London and S. Western 4116 s 10d 79%
Do. New
London and York - . 2% . . 31/BA%
Lynn and Ely ...... ...... 21,4 514...
Manchester and Leeds— 73 145
Do. % Shares
Midland • 100 139 138
Do. New
Newcastle and Darling-
ton Junction 24 ...... 47%
Newcastle and Berwick 11/ 131A3/4
North British
Do. New - • . 1
Northern and Eastern... 45
Do. Scrip
Do. Quarters 1214.— 181/8
North Kent
North Wales
Norwich and Brandon... 10
Richmond and West End
Junction
Rugby, Worstr, & Tring 1
Scottish Midland • 1 %......
Shrews., ‘Volverhamp ,
Dudley, and firm VA.._ 64/0% moit
..
South Devon... lO .... 1741,4
South Eastern & Dover 33l 2s 4d... 42% 43 .
D0., No. 2.
Do~ No. 3
South Wales 2% 6:37; 61A% 6%
West London,Old Shares 20
Waterford and Kilkenny 1 ...... ......
Yarmouth and Norwich. 20
York and North Midland 50 lOll% 102
Ditto % Shares 25 . ...
Do. Selby • 20
Do. Extension
FRENCH RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and A miens... 4
Bordeaux and Toulouse 2 - , ...
Bordeaux, Toulouse. and
Cette ..... .... . ... ..... 2
Great North. of France.. 4
Orleans and Vierzon ... 2 ...... 17 EA ... ••
Orleans and Bordexix... 2
earis & Lyons, Laffitte's '
Paris Lied Lyous, Gan-
neron's, ... .. 2
21/2 %'
Paris and Orleans 2O
Paris and Rouen
Strasbourg and Bale ... 14
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, MARCH 1 3.—Th a sales
are :—Eastern: Counties, 21 20%; Ditto, Per, aetuit, No. 1,
5/. 13s. 6d. ; Ditto, ditto, No. 2, 255. ; London a ad _Birming-
ham, 235 ; Manchester and Birmingham, 57% ex flew and
ex div.; Ditto, Quarter Shares, 914 111/ cum r,-;:ow i; Ditto,
New Quarters, 4% 15-16 prem.; Manchester, B.
_try, and Ros-
sendale, 1334 ; Midland Railway Consols, 1391 4 ' . [WO, 401.
Shares, 13% ; North British, New Shares„.74%; zo-th
...

CLOSING
PRICES.

The accounts from Switzerland are favourable, and
strong hopes are entertained that the disputes will be
amicably settled by the withdrawal of the Jesuits front
Lucerne, and the disbanding of the free corps. The Di-
rectory of Zurich has addressed a proposition to the
Diet, the object of which is to put down the free corps
in all the cantons, and the following note on the same
subject has been sent by M. G EMT to the French Ambas-
sador, the Count DE Poxrurs, which be had communi-
cated to the Vorort on the 7th. It is dated the 3d inst.:—
" Monsieur le Comte,—l have just received your dispatches
of the 28th ult. It is with the most lively satisfaction that I
perceive in them proofs of a complete accord between you
and your colleagues—an accord so necessary in the presence
of the embarrassments of which Switzerland is the theatre,
and which corresponds so well with the entente cordiale that
unites all Cabinets. The formation of the free corps is,
without contradiction, one of the most serious events of
the present state of things; and already, more than once,
I have apprised you of the anxiety that I felt as to the
eventualities with which, not only the repose but also
the existence of the confederation, were menaced by
this organised anarchy. The imperative necessity of putting
an end to such abuses, and preventing a recurrence of them,
is not contested in Europe by any of the true friends of
Switzerland. In Switzerlaod itself it cannot be a question
of doubt for enlightened minds. At the moment when the
Diet is about to deliberate on the free corps, I expressly re-
commend to you to call the most serious attention of the Pre-
sident to the radical illegality and incalculable danger of such
an institution. Announce to him in the most formal terms
our Lull and entire conviction on this subject. Let the Diet
before it separates,
beth onecmovsitnecneedrgofettiheemneeacseusrseitsytoofparedvoepntitngthe recurrence oPthe
attempts which have compromised the repose of Switzerland.
Insist on the enormous responsibility which, in the eyes of
Switzerland and the whole of Europe, would fall upon such
of the cantonal governments as should, in contempt of the
rights of nations and the stipulations of the federal compact,
tolerate, or not take means of preventing, the violation of the
public peace. You are authorised to communicate this dis-
patch to the President of the Diet, and to furnish him with
a copy of it."
The amount of business done on Wednesday in Rentes
on the Paris Bourse was trifling. The Three per Cents.
had not varied in price; the Fives had slightly advanced.
the forrnerleaving off at 85f. 10c.; and the latter at 118 f,
for the end of the month. The market closed as follows s
—Five per Cents. for cash, 117 f. 65c.; for account,llBf.
Three per Cents. foi cash, 85f. 5c.; for account, 85f. 10c.
Bank of France Shares, 3,175 f. Neapolitan, 1041. 50e.
Spanish Five per Cents., 391. Spanish Threes, 403.
Paris and Orleans Railroad, 1,315 f. Paris and Rouen
Railroad,
Railroad,lsOf.
1 ,lof:
Rouenl and Havre Railroad, 960 f.

403/I

81%
83/4

53/4
7
40
4,4
3
211/4

.....
21/i

714
189

18y

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS—The number of deaths
last week was 1,141, being 111 above the average. The
excess is still almost entirely confined to diseases of the lungs
and the other organs of respiration, especially bronchitis,
and pneumonia. Deaths from small-pox are on the decrease,
though still rather above the average. The number of deaths
from burns and scalds is enormously large, amounting to 22
cases. There are 4 suicides. _ _

- -
MAIDS or HONOUR.—A new historical novel is
announced as immediately forthcoming, under the above
title, which will afford, we understand, a most extraor
Binary picture of the Court of England in the last cen-
tury. The scenes of Court life introduced to the reader
are said to convey the most singular revelations respect-
ing the various royal and noble personages who form the
dramatis personce. Among them are the Court Beauties,
who give the title to the work, together with the Royal
Family, the Ministers, and the various great officers of
the Palace, and some of the leading characters, fashion-
able and literary, of the period, which is perhaps one of
the most striking in our social history. Much curiosity
has been excited respecting the authorship of the work,
which, f,r obvious reasons, has been studiously con-
cealed.

THE UNIVERSITY BOAT RACE.—The following is
a correct list of the Oxford crew:— st. lb.
I. Haggard, M., Christ Church lO 3
2. Stapylton, W. C., Merton
3. Mihnan, W. H., Christ Church
4. Lewis, Ii , Pembroke ll 7
5. Buckle, W., Oriel

6. Royds, F. C. Brasenose ll 5
7. Wilson, F. M., Christ Church ... 12 3
8. Tuke, F. E., Brasenose l2 2
Richards, F. J. Merton (coxswain) ... 10 10
The Cambridge crew arrived at Putney on Wednesday after.
noon, arid are staying at Avis's, the Bens Tavern, for the
purpose of paying the utmost attention to their training, as
also to...practise over the course selected for the aquatic
struggle. They took a tour up to Mortlake immediately
after their arrival, which they repeated on Thursday, shortly
before dusk. The wind from the north was so severe that
they could with difficulty grasp their oars, and where the
slightest damp touched their clothes they became frozen
whilst they were rowing. They appear in the finest possible
condition and spirits and average eleven and a half-stone per
mari. The Oxford were expected on Thursday, and much cu-
riosity was manifested to see them at work, but they had not
arrived late yesterday evening. W. Harrison, Esq., the Com-
modore of the Royal Thames Yacht Club, has Consented to be
umpire on the occasion. The race will be started upward,
the distance being from Putney-bridge to Mortlake church,
and will take place at about five in the afternoon.

44%
633/4

49 4
3'7/
21/8

42%

8 34
6%
3%

11%
2%

174
201,4

Union (B), 78 ; Preston and Wyre, 29% ; Sheffield and
Manchester, 107 ; South-Eastern. No. 3,7% %; York and
North Midland, 105 ; Birkenhead, Manchester, and Cheshire
Junction, 8% ; Blackburn, Burnley, and Accrington, 5% ;
Blackburn, Darwen, and Bolton, 3 15-16 ; Bolton, Wigan,
and Liverpool, 8%; Caledonian, 73/ 13-'l6 ; Cambridge and
Lincoln; 6% %; Churnet Valley, 7 %; Ely and Bedford, 2;
Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction, 3%.3/4 ; Huddersfield
and Manchester Railway and Canal, 51% •, Leeds and Wrest
Riding Junction, 63% •, Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston,
31/ %; London and Worcester, Oxford and Rugby, 3% ;
London and York, 3 % ; Manchester and Buxtor, ;
Newark and Sheffield, 2 % ; Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver-
hampton, 21,4 ; Sheffield and Lincolnshire Junction, 20s.
225. 6d. ; Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, Dudley, &c., 3%;
Trent Valley, 17 16% ex new; Great Northern of rance,
(English), 5% 3/4 ; Sambre and Meuse, 6%; Union Bank of
Manchester, 10%; Rochdale Canal, 53 ; Manchester Fire and
Life Assurance, 11%.
COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—(YESTERI .
Anuterdam CF. 12 81 Gibraltar......._...
Ditto, at sight l2 61 Leghorn ... ...,..,.
Rotterdam 2U. 12 9 Genoa

Antwerp 26 20
Hamburgh 11.8. 14 0
Altona l4 0
Paris, 3 days' sight 25 20
Ditto, 3 months 26 15
Marseillas 26 20

Bourdeaux 26 25
Frankfort on Maine 123
Petersburgh, 3Us 37
Berlin 7
Vienna, offee. fl. 3 M lO 4
Trieste, ditto
Madrid 36/
Cadiz
Llilbao 36
Barcelona 36

Seville

COURT

Milan ..... .......
Valk() .. 47
Naples .......
t'allvrtno, 0z.... 118 i
Lisbon
Oporto
_ _

Rio Jantirri
Bahia
Buenos f•-t 23
Newl'og k .1 tlys
Philact?.,ri • ......
MULLION, TER OZ
Forei•.v.: .1":1, bars. .£'3 17 9
Port Coin 6 17 5
New D • .00n5..... 0
Nc.w . s 4 91
Silva 'lnrs . 4 11A

The Queen and. Prince All
royal gardens of Buckingham
His Royal Highness Prince
meeting of the Commission foi
the Fine Arts in the rebuilding