The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-16 00:00:00

.THE SUN;' THURSDAY-EVEiNti'sTG, OCTOBER 16, 1845.

SOVEREIGN LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY.
(Provisionally Registered.)
No. 5, ST. JAMES'S-STREET, LONDON.
To be established by Act of Parliament, for the AssuranCe of Lives,
and for effecting all other contracts depending upon Life Contingen-
cies, and also for granting Loans, upon a new and highly beneficial
system

Capital, 1,000,0001., in 100,000 Shares of 101. each.
Deposit, 11. 10s. per Share.
TRUSTIES.

The Right Hon. Lord Rossmore
Sir Augustus Brydges Henniker, Bart., Hawley, Stowmarket, Suffolk
Benjamin Bond Cabbell, Esq., F.R.S., F.S.A., Temple
Henry Pownall, Esq., Russell-square, and Spring-grove, Hounslow
Claude Edward Scott, Esq., Cavendish-square.

PROVISIONAL DIRECTORS.
Lord Arthur Lennox, M.P., Chesham-place, Belgrave-square
The Right lion. Lord Macdonald
Henry Broadwood, Esq., M.P., Whitehall
Thomas Colpitts Grainger, Esq., M.P., Temple
Charles Farebrother, Esq., Alderman, Lancaster-place, Strand
John Ashbnrner, Esq., M.D., Wimpole-street, Cavendish-square
William Tulloh Fraser, Esq., Manchester-square and Crosby-square
John Gardiner, Esq., Avenue-road, Regent's Park
Alexander Ogilvie, Esq., Northumberland-street
Aaron Asher Goldsmid, Esq., Cavendish-square
Philip Patton Blyth, Esq., Austin-friars, and Sion House, Clapton
Henry William Pownall, Esq., Russell-square.

_ .
AUDITORS.
James Fraser, Esq., Park-square West, Regent's Park
James Gernon, Esq., Conduit-street
William Wallace, Esq., .iustln-friars and Cadogan-placo
Edward Watson, Esq., St. Helen's-place, and Frognal, Hampstead

BANKERS.
Sir Claude Scott, Bart., and Co., Cavendish-square.
STANDINO COTJ27SEL.

Mr. Sergeant Manning, Sergeant's Inn
W. H. Rough, Esq., Middle Temple.
Sommoßs.—Messrs. Davis and Son, Warwick-street, Regent-street,
CoNsuvrnua PHYSICIAN—John Power, Esq., M.D., Great Queen.

street, Westminster.
MEDICAL REFEREES.
Edward Duke Moore, Esq., Arlington-street.
Francis Graydon Johnston,Esq., Saville-row.
CONSULTING ACTUARY—J. J. Sylvester, Esq., MA., F.E.S., Actuary
of the Equity and Law Life Assurance Society.
SURVEYORS—Arthur Mee, Esq., Carlton Chambers, Regent-street ;
Frederick C. J. Parkinson, Esq., Sackville-street.
SEcarraav—George CUMMing,ESQ.
This Company, in addition to all the usual business of Assurance
Companies, offers to the public a new system of loans more beneficial
to the borrower, and yielding abetter return to the Shareholder, than
any system at present in use.
A reference to the prospectuses of the Company (which have been
already advertised at length in the papers), and which contain speci-
mens of the tables, will show the mode by which the Company will
effect these objects.
The Company will also advance money on annuity, mortgage, or
other security.
rrospectuses, containing specimens of the tables and forms of
application for shares, and every information, can be obtained
from. and applications for shares made to, the Secretary, at the Com-
pany's Offices, No. 5, St. James's-street, London; Messrs. Davies
and Son, Solicitors, 21, Warwick-street, Regent-street ; Messrs.
Tucker, Barnet, and Ellis. Brokers, 'Change Alley, Cornhill ;
John Eykyn, Esq., Broker, 'Change-alley, Cornhill, London ;
Messrs. D. and J. B. Nelson, Brokers, Liverpool ; Robert M'Ewen,
Esq., Broker, Manchester ; J. B. Mundy, Esq., Broker, Bath ; Messrs.
John Robertson and Co., Brokers, Messrs. Gordon, Stuart, and
Cheyne, W.S. and John R. Calvert, Esq., W.S., Edinburgh; Messrs.
Mein and Cunningham, Brokers, Glasgow; W. N. Fish, Esq., North
British Exchange Company, Aberdeen ; and' George Gatherer, Esq.,
Solicitor, Elgin.

SOVEREIGN LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY.
otice is hereby given, that NO FURTHER APPLICATION for
SHARES hi this Company can be received after TUESDAY, the 28th
day of October inst.
By order,
5, St. James's-street, London.

GEORGE CANNING, Secretary.

PRELIMINARY ANNOUNCEMENT.
r HE LIVERPOOL and HULL DIRECT
L CONNECTING RAILWAY, via BLACKBURN, BURNLEY,
AND LEEDS. _

(Provisionally Registered.)
Capital 1,200,0001., in 60,000 Shares of 201. each.
Deposit 2/. 2s. 6d. per Share.
7 his line has been projected for the purpose of forming the shortest
and most direct route between the ports of Liverpool and Hull, and
giving to the important towns of North Lancashire and the West
Riding of Yorkshire, a direct railway communication with those
ports and each other.
The line, in conjunction with projected Railways from Liverpool to
Blackburn, will proceed thence by Burnley, across the extensive
flag and stone fields of Wersthorn, to Shipley, or Bradford, where it
will unite with lines now in ex stence, including the Leeds and
Selby line.
A highly influential local and other Committee is in the course of
formation for carrying out the above object, and a detailed Prospec-
tus will shortly appear; in the meantime, all communications, in-
cluding applications for shares in the usual form, accompanied by a
reference, may be made to Mr. C. W. Cobby, of No. 22, Paternoster-
row, London, the solicitor to the Company, or to the following
brokers :—Mr. T. Raysou, 32, Coleman-street, London ; Messrs.
Neilson, Mr. Gillow, and Messrs. Fletcher and Sharp, Liverpool ;
Messrs. Ridsdale and Co., Messrs. M'Lean and Dinwoodie, and
Messrs. Cardwell and Sons, Manchester; Messrs. Ridsdale and Co.,
Mr. Richard Binney, Mr. J. M. France, and Messss. Hicks and Co.,
Leeds ; Mr. Thomas Boardman, Mr. John Ratcliffe, Mr. G. Y.
Booth, and Mr. W. H. Mortice, Blackburn ; Mr. Thomas Wren,
Preston ; Mr. Welch, Lancaster ; Messrs. Collinson and Flint, Hull ;
Messrs. Knowles and Cook, and Mr. William Mason, Bradford ; Mr.
Frederick Turner, Huddersfield ; and Mr. Gorton, Bolton; of all of
whom forms of application for shares may be ebtalned.
This project being the same in every respect as the one before ad-
vertised under this title, parties who had applied for shares, and
desirous of obtaining an allotment in the present scheme, must renew
their applications at an early period.
CHAS. WM. COBBY,
Solicitor to the Company, 22, Paternoster-row, London.

CORN AVERAGES.
GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN
For the Week ended Oct. 11,1845, made up from the Returns of the
Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wales,
per Imperial Quarter.

I WHEAT. BARLEY] OATS. I EYE. I BEANS. I PEAS.
PRICE .. 57s 9d 3ls 3d 23s 4d 34s 2d 43s Id 445 4d,
DITTY... 18s Od 7s Od Gs Od 9s 6d is Od 2s 6d,

MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.)

IXILY ElliiliLKETS.

SMlTHFlELD.—Oidklei6v7iitTy7 4T58 to 5/ 8s ; new
ditto, 31 lOs to 4/ 128 6d ; Old Clover, 5/ 5s to 61 6s ; new
ditto, 41 to 5/ 5s ; Oat Straw, 1/ 15s to 11 17s ; Wheat
Straw, 11 18s to 21 per load. A fair average supply, and a
steady trade.
CUMBISICLAND.—OId Meadow Hay, 4/ 8s to 51 10s ; new
ditto, 31 12s to 4/ 15s; Old Clover, Si 5s to 6/ ; new, ditto,
41 to 5/ 5s ; Oat Straw, 1/ 17s to 1/ 18s ; Wheat Straw,
11 18s to 2/ per load. Supply but moderate, and trade
tolerably firm.
WurracHAFEL.—Old Meadow Hay, 41 5s to 5/ 8s ; new,
ditto, 3/ 12s to 4/ 15s ; Old Clover, 51 5s to 61 108 ; new,
ditto, 4/ to 51 108 ; Oat Straw, 1/ 16s to 1/ 18s ; Wheat
Straw, 1/ 18s to 2/ per load. Trade steady, at the above
quotations.

THE WATERLOO HEROE S
The Subscribers and the Public are respectfully infbrmed that
the splendid Engraving of the " WATERLOO HEROES " is now
completed.
This most interesting and grand Historical Record of Waterloo,
painted by G. P. KNIGHT, Esti., ILA., has been in progress by the
celebrated Engraver, Mr. CHALES G. LEWIS, for nearly three
years, and is now brought to a most successfld termination. The
engraving represents " Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington, K.G.,
receiving Ills illustrious guests at Apsley-house, on the anniversary
of the glorious Eighteenth of June," and included ix the Plate are
most of the great " Soldiers of the age," to whom the nation owed
its crowning victory at Waterloo.
Henry Graves and Co., Publishers in Ordinary to her Majesty and
H.R.H. Prince Albert, 6, Pall-mall.

3IRS. TROLLOPE'S NEW NOVEL.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vole.,
lIE ATTRACTIVE MAN
JL A NOVEL,
BY MRS. TROLLOPE.

_uthoress of " The Vicar jiifieshill'7"7l.l;;Widow Burnaby," Ste
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great 31arlborough-street.

Now ready in Bvo., price only 55.,

VOL. V. of M. THIERS' HISTORY of the
CONSULATE and EMPIRE. Translated by D. Forbes
Campbell, Esq., with the Sanction and Approval of the Author.

Also now ready,
Vol. 4, of THE NELSON LETTERS and DISPATCHES. Ed
by Sir Harris Nicolas, G.C.M.G., &c.

HI.
A THIRD EDITION of THE CRESCENT AND THE CROSS
By Eliot Warburton, Esq. 2 vols., with Illustrations, 215., bound.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

Now ready,
.1u 3 vols. post Bvo.,

character are alike violated by the Commissioners in assign-
jeg a niche to the statue of Cromwell, the regicide." . . .

" And who do our readers suppose is excluded to make room
for this treasonable homicide? There is to be no statue
of King Charles the First." Now, the over-sensi-
tive attachment of the Morning Post to all that
pertains to royalty, from its crown to its coachman, is here
betrayed into some inacuracy. We blush to say, that in
Memorandum A, at p. 9, sixty-three names, of which they
unanimously agreed to report as worthy of these statuary
honours, the name of the mighty Protector does not occur.
In Memorandum B, p. 10, a list of fifty-eight names, as to
which the "Committee were not unanimous, but decided by
greater or smaller majorities," the name of Cromwell is to
be found, smuggled in, as it were between those of the Marquis,
of Montrose and General Monk. The Post is, therefore,
premature, at least, in asserting, " that a niche is assigned"
to the great and victorious champion of the rights of the
English Commonwealth and people, against the unprincipled
oppressions of the second of the Stuarts. That Charles 1.,
whose fate, as our Contemporary remarks," is annually renewed
in our remembranceby a solemn penitential service, appointed
—by the Church. But the Post is at any rate consis-
tent. If it rave with impotent vituperation against the great
asserter of English rights and liberties at home, and English
power and influence abroad, it is, as in duty bound, abso-
lutely maudlin over the grave of a smooth-faced but remorse-
less ruffian like Dundee, or the " Royalist Claverhouse,"
or a base Court sycophant and spiritual tyrant, like his
" Baud, the Prelate and Martyr ;" and he was a martyr—to
his meditated but unsuccessful treason to the Protestant
Church and the principles of the reformed religion.
But what—leaving our unhappy Contemporary to his
Jeremiads over the honours intendi d for " the rebel
Hampden and the conspirator Russell"—what shall we say
to the seven Commissioners, Lord Mahon, Sir Robert Inglis,
Mr. Macaulay, Mr. Hawes, Mr. Hallam, Mr. Rogers, and
Mr. Wyse? What shall we say to the seven Englishmen
who, being unable to come to an unanimous resolution to
commemorate with honour such a man as Cromwell, are
unanimous in voting statues in this great temple of history
and legislation to so " small a deer" as Richardson, the
novelist, to an annalyst of no higher pretensions than 44 Vene-
rable Bede," or to a writer so entirely identified with
polemical divinity and " ecclesiastical polity as Hooker,"
whilst the) find no place for David Hume, and provide no
pedestal for so profound and logical a theologian as Bishop
Butler ? It seems to us that they have done
well in negativing such absurd propositions as erecting
statues in the nation's palace to players and fiddlers ;
for, with all our passion for music and our admiration
for dramatic excellence, we should indeed have thought
the sculptured effigies of " Purcell and Garrick," (gravely
proposed, it seems,) in such goodly company misplaced. Mr.
Hallam, even, one of the clearest-headed and most instructive
of modern historians, has not escaped the confusion of ideas
which seems to be contagious among these Commissioners.
There are 18 niches, about the appropriation of which he is
extremely solicitous. He writes thus to Mr. Eastlake :
" But while it would have been easy to recommend for the
18 niches in the House of Lords, the effigies of the Arch-
bishop and some other ecclesiastics, with these 16 Barons,
whom we find recited in the charter," &c. Now, 16
Barons, with an Archbishop (counted only for a single pre-
late) and " some" other ecclesiastics, therefore two or
more, make at the lowest computation, nineteen. Is it Mr.
Hallam's purpose to have two in one niche, like two in a
bed? Let us return, however, to the two lists, A and B.
It being our feeling that from this collection of " British
worthies" all purely controversial writers, however illus-
trious in the army of polemists—and all pensioned patriots,
however eminent for their talent at all times, and their pure
love of country at only certain periods of their career—
should be excluded. We have no objection to Archbishops
Usher and Leighton, Jeremy Taylor, Chillingworth, Barrow,
and John Wesley, 'remaining' on list B. But, in common
fairness, the seven Bishops who so nobly opposed at so much
personal peril, and under so many circumstances of suffering
and imprisonment the delinquencies of the Sovereign and
the Government, in the reign of James 11., ought to be
commemorated with due honour in a hall of statues that is
adjacent to the House of Peers. We have already avowed
our own opinion of Charles I. Yet we must ask why it
was proposed in list B to give statues to Lord Falk-
land and Lord Strafford, and yet to omit the unhappy
but not badly intentioned monarch—able, and accomplished,
and even brave Prince as he was—in whose cause both these
nobles perished—the one, gloriously, on the field of battle ;
the other, ignominiously, on a scaffold ? Why Lord Heath-
field should be ,promoted to list A, and Wolfe, Aber-
cromby, Moore, or their illustrious predecessors in the rank
of great English Captains of former centuries, the Talbot
and the Chandos, be pushed back into the limbs
of list B, surpasses our comprehension,. These are
inconsistencies that the public will indignantly resent:. What
can have induced the adoption of the Earl of Surrey and
Cowper as amongst the noblest of our poets, to the exclu-
sion of Ben Jonson or Dryden, and Pope or Goldsmith, and
Burns, we cannot at all perceive. For the reason we have
alleged, we complain not of the omission of Walpole, or
Burke, and Grattan (both of them pensioned patriots), but
why Cardinal Langton (" clarum et venerabile nomen"), the
munis...sak emmder of English education, Cardinal Wolsey,
or that incorruptible and most able diplomatist, Sir William
Temple, or the true martyr, Lord William Russell, should
find no statues in such a collection, is a portentous inconsist-
ency only to be mated by the ingenious estimate of royal and
military greatness which decrees a statue to his Royhl High-
ness Field Marshal Prince Albert, but rejects the claim; to a
similar honour for Richard Coeur de Lion, Edward 1., Ed-
ward 111., the Black Prince, Henry V., and William 111. ! !

The declaration by the authorities and'commanding officers
representing England and France of the blockade of all the
harbours of the Argentine Republic, and the actual esta-
blishment of that blockade as to the harbours of the Re-
public of Uruguay (the Monte Video State, or the "Banda
Oriental"), in whose behalf we have intervened—the latter
being directed against those ports in the vicinity of which
General ORIBE'S Buenos-Ayrean army is engaged, in active
operations—will soon, we doubt not, bear fruits. The
seizure of the Argentine squadron is an auspicious com-
mencement of a better order of things for the outraged in-
terests of humanity, the insulted nationality of all the flags
of European civilization, and the wrongs of their commerce.
But for the very numerous people whom the political con-
vulsions of South America in the last twenty-five years have
heaved into an agitated existence, this interposition by the
two greatest nations of the world is probably fraught with
moral influences, that, but for the very circumstances—un-
toward as they originally appeared—out of which it has
arisen, would probably have slumbered, inactive, for a cen-
tury or two yet to come. The remoteness of those fine
countries of the New World which, heretofore, were
the wealthy colonies of Spain, has hitherto proved of
fatal prejudice to the governed, whether under the mild
despolism of their Spanish masters, or the fierce licentious-
ness of the dictatorships established by their native and re-
publican leaders in the name of liberty. So long as European
opinion could be but verytardily and slightly brought to bear
on the incidents attending their political progress, so long
they would have continued to manifest a reckless disregard
of all the ordinary principles of international law and even of
moral responsibility. The excitement of contending factions
would have continued to absorb every other sentiment, and
that sanguinary desolation which seems to be the native
type of South American energy, under all conditions of cir-
cumstances, and in the several zones over which its sphere
of action is distributed, would still have marred and neutra-
lised all the bounties of PROVIDENCE and the productiveness
of climate by internecine wars and insane and incessant re-
volutions. Steam, among its other triumphs, had already
brought its " disturbing forces" into play. The remoteness
of their position, and the meagreness of their relations with

the Old World were already becoming little more than his-
' torical recollections to these States, when the insolent pre-
. sumption of a military adventurer, drunk with success and
blinded by his ambition, involved European subjects, their
lives and property, in the same violence which he had ha-
bitually applied to the citizens of Buenos Ayres and of Monte
Video. The lesson that will be taught by the manifestation
which this lawless policy has elicited at the hands of France
and England will not be readily forgotten by ROSAS or his
people. They will learn to respect the political maxim
which recognises the presence of the European power in the
exhibition of its flag, and ROSAS himself may yet be
signally instructed, that the governments of civilised states
will sometimes visit on delinquent chiefs, who have invoked,
for their own bad purposes, the cut-throat aid of such in-
famous auxiliaries as his " Masorca Club," the same retri-
butive justice which municipal laws inflict for atrocious
crimes on private offenders. Ere this we should imagine that
the complete defeat which another portion of his forces has
sustained at Santa Fe from General LOPES, aided by some
half-disciplined Indian cavalry, will have completed the
effect of the lose of his fleet. For our own parts, we trust
that when that national satisfaction shall have been afforded
which it is the immediate object of the French and English
diplomatic agents to conwel, Rosas himself shall be sub-
mitted to the searching examinations of a duly constituted
tribunal, to ascertain to what extent, if to any, he himself
has been compromised in the barbarous massacre of the nine
English subjects composing the Scotch family residing in the
immediate vicinity of Buenos Ayres, to which we alluded
more particularity a few weeks ago, and in other of those
excesses, perpetrated by the " Masorca," to which Genera;
O'Bnizx was se. nearly becoming a sacrifice, and beneath
which others of our countrymen, or European brethren, less
fortunate than the General, have undoubtedly perished.
In a merely commercial point of view, the re-establish-
ment of a pacific intercourse with the States_upon the La
Plata is an object of greater magnitude to Great Britain than
some of our readers may perhaps suppose. By a reference to
the Parliamentary Paper, of which we recently submitted
a careful abstract, entitled "Exports and Imports" (P. T.,
secs. 1845, Ho. Ccrmm., No. 651), we find the "Return for
Mexico and the other States of Central and South America,
exclusive of Brr.zil," consolidated under one head. But
inasmuch as the-leading articles or commodities of export
and import are separately set out, it is not difficult to form
a sufficiently.acctrate notion of the proportions we may ascribe
to the trade with Monte Video and Buenos Ayres. Taking the
whole table for !exico, &c., it results that the "aggregate:''
value of
,British and Irish produce and manufactures ex-
parted, last year, was 3,013,2671. In some of these exports
the increase in five years—from 1840 to 1844 inclusive—is
really astonishing. Brass and copper manufactures in the'
former year were to the amount of 4,9001. only; in the
latter, 16,123/. Hardware and cutlery rose from 76,600/.
to 143,608/. ; woollen manufactures, including yarn, from I

541,3381. to 775,7671. The imports from the same countries,
during the same interval, are, as usual, returned only as
" quantities," with the rates of duty chargeable thereon.
But these do not the less indicate a rapidly expanding and
lucrative commerce. The imports of Peruvian bark, which
in 1840 were only 69,2671b5., in 1843 amounted to 303,6651b5.,
the duty being meanwhile lowered from 9s. 91d. to ls.
per cwt. The return for " Cochineal (Granilla and Dust),"
independently of the interest attaching to the trade in that
precious commodity, is too instructive an exemplification 01
the results of a wise reduction of import duties not to merit
here our especial notice. In 1840 the duty was Is. and a
fraction for the cwt. of Cochineal and Granilla, and 19s. 7icl.
for the Dust ; and the imports were 206,5501b5. In 1841,
at same duties, only 67,9401b5, In 1842, 1843, and
1844, the duty being reduced to Is. and a fraction
per cwt. OR each, the imports were, severally, 259,9801b5.,
421,7421b5., and 303,8901b5. Again, in 1840, the duty on
coffee was ls. 3id. per lb., reduced in 1842 to
Bid., and in 1844 to 6d. and a fraction. The imports in-
creased through each successive year, from 587,3531b5.
8,093,6391b5. But we content ourselves for the present by
merely pointing out in this manner what are the capacities
of the trade with these States. Let us, in conclusion, look
a little further, and see what they may be made by judicious
negotiation. For more than a century past the policy of the.
Jesuits had gradually isolated the noble region of Paraguaj
(situated as to South America within boundaries more land-
locked than even those of Poland, as to Europe) from the
approach of all foreign trade. As if Nature had not suf-
ficiently removed her by natural features and geographical
position from all access by the ocean, the jealous vigilance of
that remarkable tyrant, the doctor-dictator, FRANCIA (so
graphically described in Mr. ROBERTSON'S admirable
Letters from Paraguay,") successfully established a species
of frontier blockade for a full quarter of a century, without a
single soldier, and with the most moderate Custom-house
establishment imaginable. The death of FRANCIA, two or
three years ago, has demolished the more than Chinese seclu-
sion in which he managed to keep his territory. Its natural
wealth, its medicinal treasures, its vegetable products, its
mineral riches, are well known ; its peltry much less so than it
deserves to be, for it abounds in animals that yield excellent
furs. Its bides are also of first-rate quality. Connected
by the mighty waters or the Parana, on the west, with
the fine countries of old Upper Peru, now incor-
porated into the States of Bolivia—on the east by the
Uruguay with Brazil, on the south by tributaries of the
latter, which unite it, as it may be said, with the course of
the mighty La Plata, it is not easy to exaggerate the bene-
ficial results to the trade of this country which a more ex-
tensive and carefully cultivated intercourse with Paraguay
would secure. The first and indispensable step in the work
of giving to such a trade a development far, very far beyond
any it has ever yet attained, must be of course to secure the
free navigation of the Plata, and to establish permanent re-
lations of amity with the republics of which the cities of
Monte Video and Buenos Ayres are now the respective capi-
tals. The ultimate means of giving permanency and con-
solidation to such a commerce, so as to elicit all its advan-
tages to their full extent, will be the establishment of rail
ways,-for which, we venture to affirm, few countries of
America will be found to offer more numerous or profitable
facilities than the vast and fertile plains of Paraguay. It
she be but supplied with these lines of communication, her
growth will be instantaneous from her dwarfed infancy of
two centuries of demi-civilisation to the gigantic maturit)
of a magnificent and opulent dominion. It is somewhat
extraordinary that the nearest portion of the' Brazilian em-
pire, abutting on her eastern and north-eastern boundaries,
is the great captaincy or province of San Paulo, for the esta-
blishment of a railway through whose maritime borders
company has been fur some time past successfully organising
in London. It is thus that we may hope to see, ere long, it,
the very heart of South America the most modern and useful
of the arts of peace, avenging, in the noblest sense of the
term, an interesting family of the human race for the long-
continued ravages it has sustained through the aggressions
of destructive wars and masoacres.

frightful subterranean groaning tilled the inhabitants around
it with terror. This continued till mid-day an the 2d, when
the mountain burst in two places w.th a horrible cra-b, and
vomited masses of fire. In former times these exi losions
came from the summit, whore Hecia bee no regularly
formed crater ; but this time t rrents of lava flowed
down two gorges on the flanks of the mountain.—
Letters from Reikjavik of the 13th, state that up to that day
no great damage had been done in the Syssels of Ranger-
valla and Arnds, situated close to the mountain, inasmuch
as the openings whence the ignited masses issue are fortu-
nately on the north and north-west sides, and, consequently,
took that direction, in which there is nothing but barren
heaths. Besides, the wind having constantly blown from the
south and south-west, has driven the ashes and dust towards
the opposite points. From the clouds of smoke and vapour
the top of the volcano could not be seen. The sheep on the
heaths were driven down to the plains, but not till several of
them were burnt. The waters of the neighbouring rivers
near the eruption became so hot that the fish were killed,
and it was impossible for any one to ford them even on horse-
back. Although the lava and ashes took a northern direc-
tion, the eruption was not known on that side of the island
till after the 11th, and even as late as the 15th the people at
the Syssels of Mule, in the north-cast, were ignorant of it.
In the western parts the noise accompanying the eruption
was distinctly heard like the rolling of distant thunder. No-
thing was heard at Reikjavik."
A considerable fall took place both in Funds and Shares
on the Paris Bourse on Tuesday. The Three prr Cents.
before the close of business fell 15c., and Northern shares
about 10E The Three per Cents. closed at 83f. 35c.; the
New Loan, at 83f. 45c.; the Five per Cents.,-117E 95e.; the
Orleans Railroad shares, 1,235 E ; Rouen, 1,055 f. ; Great
Northern, 817 f. 50c.; Fampoux, 530 f. ; Havre, 870 f.; Avig-
non, 1,037 f. 50c. ; Vierzon, 760 E; Bordeaux, 690 f.; Bou-
logne, 62511; Troyes and Montereau, 517 f. 50c. ; Basle,
278 f. 75c. ; Spanish Three per Cents., 384.

The following are the quotations for other lines
Paris and Lyons Railroad (Laffitte), 27f. 50c. premium ;
ditto (Calon), Bf. ; ditto (Ganneron), Bf. 25c. ; ditto (La-
pinsonniere), sf. ; Northern Line (Lsffitte), 80f. ; ditto
(Rosamel), 40f.; ditto (Pepin Lelialleur), 32f. 50c. ; ditto
(Decan Lebeuf), 31f. 50c.; Paris and Strasburg ( Ganneron),
16f. 25c. ; ditto (Hinguerlot), 14f. ; ditto (Bethel), sf. ;
ditto (Aymard), llf. ; Tours and Nantes (Mackenzie), 21t:
75c. • ditto (Drouillard), 4f. ; ditto (O'Neill), 12f. 50c. ; dig to
(Lefe vre), 61. 50c. • Lyons and Avignon (Talabot), 35f. ;
ditto (Lecointe), 12f. 50c. ; ditto (Comagnie Meridionale),
101. ; Bordeaux and Cette (Mackenzie, 21. 50e. ; ditto (Es-
peleta), 1-11. ; Creil and St. QuentinKysaens,) 4f. 50e. ;
ditto (Carette), Bf. 50c. ; ditto (Colbert), If. 50c. ; Charleroi
(Kysaens), 40f.; Dijon and Mulhouse (O'Neill), If. 50c.;
ditto (Allegry), lf. 50c. ; Dieppe (Sellieres), 40e. ; Caen
(Delamarre), 51.
MARSEILLES, OCT. 9.-Marseilles and Avignon, 1,057 f. ;
Boulogne, 640 f.; Vierzon, 7751. ; Orleans and Bordeaux,
700 f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Ocr. 15.
Anglo-Belgian — Luxembourg ... 21/s
Boulogne and Amiens.. 13 Namur and Liege , 5%
Bordeaux &Mediterran North Jamaica .....
Bordeaux and Toulouse Orleans and Vierzon
& Cette (Espeleta) Orleans and Bordeaux 13%
Do. (Mackenzie's) .. OverYssel
Central of Spain .. — Paris& Lyons (Lafitte) 234
Demerara
Dend re Valley ...... 13/4 Ditto (Calon's).... 21/4
Dutch Rhenish
Dieppe & Paris Junct — Paris and Rouen
Dijon and Mulhouse Paris and Strasburg
East Indian ........ 4% (Ganneron's)
Grt Northern of France Do. (Compte deL'Est)

(Laffitte's)
Ditto (Rosamel's)
Do. (Le Boeuf )
Do. Pepin le Halleur —
Great Paris and Lyons —
Great Western Bengal 154
Jamaica Junction
Do. North Midland —
Do. Extension
Jersey
Louvain and Jemeppe —
Lyons and Avignon —

Paris and St. Quentin.
Rouen and Havre...... 32%
Royal North of Spain.
Sambre and Meuse ....
Strasbourg and Basle .
Tournay,Jurbise, Lan-
dent, and Hasselt...
Tours and Nantes
(Mackenzie's)
Do. (Lefebvre's) —
Verona and Ancona —
West Flanders

BANKRUPTCY-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Commissioner SHEPHERD.)
IN RE DANES.

This morning, Mr. NORTON, the solicitor, made an appli-
cation under the following circumstances :—The insolvent,
Ann Danks, a well-known character, appeared about twelve
months since before the late Sir Charles Williams, who ad-
journed the examination sine die, and remanded the in-
solvent to prison, where she remained until the 13th inst.
Mr. Norton now complained that the notice served upon his
client was for the 30th. Mr. Solomon, the solicitor fur the
insolvent, met Mr. Norton in Court the day after the dis-
charge, and with a smile, asked him how it was he did not
attend to oppose. The notices were not prepared by the
messenger, but by the insolvent's solicitor. He would not
have troubled the Court about the matter, but it was well
known that the insolvent bad sufficient property to pay all
the creditors 20s. in the pound.
Mr. Commissioner SIIEPHERD, upon examining the notice,
was of opinion it was the thirteenth.—(Laughter.) There
was a very small n.—(Renewed laughter.) He was of opinion
that Mr. Norton's client had made the mistake.
Mr. Norton—lt is evidently a trick, as it was well known
he was instructed to oppose.

Mr. Cooke and Mr. Duncan examined the notice, and gave
it as their opinion that it was the thirteenth.—(Laughter.)
Mr. Commissioner SHEPHERD said he could give Mr. Nor-
ton no assistance in the matter.

MARLBOROUGH-STREET.
(THIS DAY.)
George Baker, a shabbily dressed young man, who de-
scribed himself of " np_smypiltifiplcwatied.seiiotyftretnr.
mitithg the following robbery, at the Princess's Theatre:—
Caroline Smith, servant in a gentleman's family, residing
at No. 9, Cumberland-terrace, Regent's-park, stated that
a few minutes before seven o'clock last evening, as she was
standing on the gallery stairs waiting to enter the theatre,
she felt the pressure of some person's hand against her bosom,
and directly missed her brooch ; at the same instant, a fellow
servant that was with her, exclaimed that the prisoner had
taken it. She taxed him with having done so, but he strongly
denied it, and was attempting to make his way through the
crowd, when some of the bystanders secured him until he
was taken into custody by the police in attendance at the
theatre; the brooch was found on the stairs close to where he
had stood when he took it from the prosecutrix's bosom; it
was a camelion stone mounted in gold, and of the value of
from 7s. to 10s.

The prisoner in his defence said that it was impossible he
could have taken the brooch, as he was not within three
yards of the prosecutrix.
The prosecutrix said he was close behind her when he did
it. She was quite positive he was the man.
Mr. HARDWICK asked if the prisoner was known.
Police Sergeant No. 12, of the E division said, that he was
convicted at the Central Criminal Court of uttering counter-.
feit money, and sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment
and hard labour. On his discharge from gaol he was again
taken into custody on a charge of robbery, on which he was
convicted at the Middlesex Sessions, and sentenced to six
months in the House of Correction, and had only come out
of prison a very short time.
The prosecutrix said it would be impossible for her to
appear against the prisoner if he was committed for trial.
Mr. 11ARDwici: said, that under the circumstances, he
should deal summarily with the case, and convicted the
prisoner, under the Police Act, sentencing him to three
mouths' imprisonment and hard labour in Westminster Bride-
well.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING'—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, OCT. 16.—Wind this day at noon, S.W.
DEAL, OCT. Is.—Wind S.S.W., light.—Arrd. La Belle
Barbarie, Toole, Saldanha Bay ; Aldebaran, Turner, St.
John's, New Brunswick. Arrd. from the River for, Admiral
lloorsom, Knight, Sandwich Islands; Duke of 'Wellington,
Duncan, Calcutta; Solide, Weslermark, Rio Janeiro; Ealing
Grove, Falconer, Dominica.

PORTSMOUTH, Ocr. 15.—Wind S. to S.W.—Acrd.Franciska,
Bernet, Bahia.

TORBAY, OCT. 14.—S1d. Little John, Clarke, Morocco.
ToRQUAY.—SId. Lavenor, Denet, Newfoundland.
ABERDEEN, Ocr. 13.—Arrd. Harriet, biann Saldanha
Bay ; New Harrelt, Thom, Narva.

SUNDERLAND, OCT. 15.—Arrd. Rover's Bride, Quebec.
HULL, OCT. 15.—Wind S.W., fresh.—Arrd. Aldebaran,
M ira►nichi.

LIVERPOOL, Ocr. 15.—Wind S., light.—Arrd. Patriot
King, Roddeck, Calcutta, left St. Helena 29th August; Mars,
Dunn, Buenos Ayres ; Queen of the West, Woodhouse, New
York. Sid. Urgent, Hepburn, Monte Video; Ocean Queen,
Heslep, Campeachy.
CARLISLE, Oct. 14.—Wind S.W.—Arrd. Edward Patten,
St. John's, New Brunswick.
CLYDE, Ocr. 12.—Acrd. Argo, Mitchell, Quebec; Fanny,
Harrower, Jamaica; Triton, Smith, Dalhousie. 13th, Eger-
ton, Orrin, Demerara ; Minerva, Donaldson, St. Andrew's ;
Albion, Allan, Montreal. 14th, St. George, Martin, Hayti.
old. 10th, Pandora, Campbell, St. John's, New Brunswick l3th, Skier', Cavin, ditto. 14th, Bermuda, Tyne, Barbadoes.;
BELFAST, OCT. 12.—Arrd. Robert Kerr, Maxwell, Quebec.
SHIELDS, OCT. 15.—Arrd. Agnes barque, supposed from
Sierra Leone. 14th; Gazelle, Paul, Quebec ; Edond Carle,
Ings, ditto ; Agnes, Haw, ditto. The Wilhehnina, from'
Memel to Leith, was abandoned in a sinking state, lat. 57 S.
long. 2 E.; two of the crew drowned.
HDLL, OCT. 13.—S1d. St. Andrew, Robertson, St. John's.
RAMSGATE, Ocr. 15.—The Artnose, Wade, bound to
Newport, got ashore at Pegwell Bay last night, but came off
on the flood without apparent damage, and proceeded.
LIMERICK, Ocr. 13.—The John Richards, tested off the
Quay 11th inst., strained heavily, became leaky, and is dis-
charging her cargo.

- CUSTOMS REVENUE OF LIVERPOOL.--The general
quarterly abstract of revenue for the United Kingdom shows
a decrease, under the head "Customs," of 1,154,4921., attri-
butable to the reduction of various important duties; and it
may be interesting to learn how much of this amount belongs
to this port. From the best information within r sir reach,
and which we believe to be accurate, we learn that the gross
ieceipts at our Custom-house for the quarter just past were
897,998/., against 1,324,906/. for the corresponding period of
last year, showing a decrease of 426,9061. Considering that
the Customs revenue of Liverpool is, on the average of late
years, one-fifth of that of the entire kingdom, it may be
thought that the above statement shows somewhat like a
falling off iu the trade of our port. It must be borne in mind,
however, that we have this year lost the cotton duty, amount-
Mg to 640,0001. per annum, nearly all collected in Liverpool;
and that the recent reduction in the sugar duties, computed
at 1,700,000/. for the year, has fallen peculiarly upon this
port. Taking these duties into consideration, we have
rather improved our position than otherwise.—Liverpool
Standard.
THE NAPOLEON MUSEUM.—We are glad to find
that the new purchaser of the Napoleon Museum has yielded
to the request of those who were desirous that the very in-
torezting illustrations which it contains of the eventful career
of " the foremost man of all this world," should be per-
mitted to remain among us a short time longer. The Mu-
seum, to which many interesting relics and curiosities have
been added, is at present exhibiting at the Egyptian Hall,
Piccadilly, previously, we regret to add, to its being removed
by its proprietor to his residence abroad. We had hoped
that there had been public spirit enough among us not to
have suffered the museum to quit this country.
NEW DEVICE BY RAILWAY STAGS.—The broken-
down stags, finding their former practices unavailing, have
now resorted to a new practice of raising the wind, though in
a small way. They now make a prrctice of going round to
the different railways, and obtaining several prospectuses,
under the plea of connink from some respectable party whom
they name; having obtained a sufficient number, they then
adjourn to the pret!intots of Capel-court, where they turn
prospectus venders, and sal them at the rate of 24. each to
those railway specuiatcra who cannot lose time by writing for
them.

GRACE DARLING.—The long-contemplated monu-
ment to the memory of the late Graee Horsly Darling, is
about to be erected Bamburgh churchyard.---Local
Payer.

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SECOND EDITION.