The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-09 00:00:00

THE EITIN. LONDON, T``:UESDA►.Y EVENING, DECEMILER 9,. 1846.

CCASIONA L SKETCHES-HERE

AND THERE.

No. 11.
A MASS MEETING, AND DANIEL WEBSTER,
~ The recent speech of Mr. Daniel Webster on the subject of
11";•eg.ea havie.g. again placed him prominently before. the
i lush public, a slight sketch of him may not be uninteiest-.
In the month of August, 1814, 1 had the pleasure of
earing the celebrated American orator on American ground,
and, as the occasionto de sc and
ribe both.the scene were of a novel character,
I will end
tis Ant goeme to which I have referred the Presidential elec-
the. was ng on, and Mr. Clay's friends were sanguine in
th lr expectations that " Hanoi, OF THE NI EST " would fill
d 9 chair at Washington. To make, however, assurance
~clmncipal titres 111,13' sure Mr Webster was engaged to visit some of the
Of the' Union, for the purpose of delivering
delis orations;
and it was whilst I seas residing at Piffle-
pule he visited that place.
te44 eoon as it became known that Mr. Webster would visit
ee city of Brotherly Love, many and vast were the prepara-
tions
the which were made to give him a hearty reception, for.
1, Americans are justly proud of their greatest ()rebel.
it'it.tga were unfurled in every direction—new banners were
the transparencies almost covered the fronts of some of
"°uses, and ash poles, as if by magic, sprung out of the
1.-°lld in front of every Whig public-house. " Protec-
zi to American Industry," in letters a yard long,
Pete the eye at every turn, and caricatures of Mr.
of a' 'n the character of an auctioneer, disposing
Plirtieles of foreign manufacture, to the great grief
etailtmaY of American artisans, whilst Mr. Clay
of lA.' waved the " stars and stripes". over a batch
then, es.enanics, indicating that a tariff would protect
.1 theme :lames,
rife. •
.ead e Coons" in very victorious attitudes over
deit cocks," or "roosters," as our transatlantic friends mo-
des!al them, were plentifully displayed, and every.
'ten
tss window was filled from top to bottom with little
of Air. Clay on slips of ribbon, with which gentle-
ehref,2lcorated their coat-lappels. Even poclket-haentdtlteaert-,
whielOecarne political, and exhibited Mr. Ct yh's p
hiis
:Seal .„„°Y the by, formed a pleasing contrast o t at f
Press's'', r• Polk, inasmuch as the latter was universally re-
erirs—e'ed as a fierce, almost ferocious, and absolutely a very
kid tentiernan, whilst Mr. Clay figured as a smiling senator,
Ttetvery pink of politeness an.d future presi e
etrisselarket-street of Philadelphia is an immenseisn, long, very
f
niesett thoroughfare, and lined on either side by the stores o
Cla ,-;„Iltss who were, almost to a man, the supporters of Mr.
vsecas•s—,,'„the tariff which their candidate advocated. On this
ratiti --ssTeY did not neglect to show their zeal by deco-
s'"e'r houses from the summits to the basements ; and
Nish LPsettier eight could scarcely be imagined than that
large nalartket-street presented on the day of the meeting. A
or "m sloer of these stores belonged to dry-goods merchants,
gentle:sale linendrapers, as we should call them ; and these
and iih—en bad eelected pieces of goods of the most brilliant
their °lve, colours, with which they festooned the fronts of
sehieboouses, or wreathed them around triumphal arches,te
seen sis Panned the broad street. Not
.a chimney wa.s.noebw
ttnout bright flag surmounting it,. and not aes ill this
Pp had not a bright face peeping out of it. And over a
Ass. to
was an Araerican blue, cloudless sky, and a clearetrans-
b "'t PUre
roe s atmosphere, which, like varnish on a picture,
chi got vividly out all the colours; and as from the countless..
Well 1,, se issued no smoke to cast its pall over the city, it
of str—aY be supposed that Market-street was the brightest
a saneets, for that day at least ; and as every now and then
Colt's 1:11Tould boom from a house-top, or a six-barrelled
se vonring pistol would show its smoking muzzle from
esitile", it would have been no easy matter to have found
The lyre'
about, ass. Meeting was appointed to be held in a field
goal l Mile distant from the city, and, anxious to secure a
thithr tee, in which I might see and hear all, I repaired
tee, sr, instead of waiting in Market-street to witness from
eltextl the windows the procession which was to
for the'l4. Webster. The spot was a very suitable one
tever PurPose. In front of a sloping piece of ground,
alse,,we with the greenest and softest grass, on which row
'slew nrinw thousands of people might sit, each having a full
Illieeolle speaker, was erected a large platform roofed with
Of th' in order to shelter the speakers from the fierce rays
the 8,..e atln, which was almost raining down heat. In front of
b, e, or stand, was a little projecting place, somewhat
tleeles7ing pulpit, for the orator • on either side of it were
lkad I,,,tbe reporters and behind it, the chairman's seat,
Presgleoes for the prominent personages who were to be
vtede-e,_ Anxious to obtain a seat on the platform, I pro-
essee,eo the staircase leading to it, when I was prevented
7ensg,bY a gentleman with a roll of paper tied with
L'aild,7,s"us nr to represent a marshal's baton, in his
A esse"" Politely informed me that the platform
,thesesesse reed for the members of Mr. Clay's committee and
Rat trterS of the public press. I said I wished to go up ;
Wheel e gentleman was firmly courteous, and I was about to
r titer&d to the front of the stand when I encountered one
the- s"4onlittee of arrangements, whom I knew to. be so
?et,. ,nblion in his button-hole, and to him I applied for
tree
tow occupy the-desired seat on the stand, informing
,Nirehla I as a stranger, and wished much to enjoy a fa-
'llresa 'a opportunity of hearing Mr. Webster before I re-
Ls , s
„ (11,! gland.
Lseaekt You are from England, are you ?" observed the gen-
slet vs: Well, Sir, I shall be happy to do all in my power
Zees ': uls." And then he sent to another gentleman, by
s„'eteen,"as, Passed to a third, who very courteously eon-
Zlelets—a so One of the very best seats, and seemed anxious
"es I,,sPe comfortable, it appeared to me, just because I
!tette.," •r-nglishman. I declare I never met with more
4t ;4111Y treatment anywhere, and I very much question
seen s. Political meeting in my own country, I should have
fit this wily Well treated. And I would observe here,
Aerhss— was not a solitary instance of American courtesy,
okiss-Isslvr I went I received the most polite attention and
tsnest service. In one instance, indeed, I thought
A,h the s_itaßa Was pushed over the verge of patriotism ; for, on
Lo-r,ion of my visiting a town in Massachusetts, on a
Mee; n'Y celebration just before the "Declaration of Inde-
ths-ese was read, in'which occur some very strong remarks
L'ael,,2lldUct of King George the Third, the gentleman
ZailinsT to read it, and who happened to sit next to me,
"logr Yiloed " that I should not feel offended at what was
4Aso be Said about the King."
. blast, o'clock in the afternoon the booming of cannon,
itt has ting of trumpets, and the deep roll of drums, mingled
tiersoesrvals with the flourishing of fifes, the reedy sounds of
ttilleas Pr—osts'ssslad the lings of bassoons, proclaimed that
ss4veryl7° was.agprpewroaching • and not long afterwards
and
gentlemen', in cocked hats, with blue
stieree;s-ss having ppr batons in their hands, gallopped
4'14,
aned :o stand,ae. round and round which they cur-
. kat?, entered, giving orders, and. then they gallopped
Das to to meet the coming procession, the head of which
call: ++e entering the field, whilst tie tune of " Yankee
tet Was" Was played with tremendous energy by the band.
itettlea.serapet:stoemile long procession, almost as lengthy as
which, according to veracious chroniclers, is to
es'ediokest*es-ry year off Nahant. On, and on, and on it came,
IsußtVe;nonct the field, the cheers of the vast multitude
aad then proclaiming that some popular personage
t- Inane- /ecognised by the mob. Like a mon.strous snake
illtsefrt. brilliant colours, it was seen winding its sinuous course
as.,mkt le,,stb,e dense crowd, a part of it now flashing in the bril-
i‘qtle7nine, and other portions of soberer hues being
tin, •
and
f m the dense crowds by which it
D 6. nrro_ Atte is ero
ts,,`LN esa.n! d and hemmed:
n.
About thirty bands,
eistant from each other,. sent forth in turns their
thi-mte se: 'What with this, the firing, the huzzas, the enthu-
" 'nen, and the excitement, heighteed beaut of
•ssele.° ssnr a more inspiriting sight could notn be well imy a-
ts,qe
gisree,lt distinguished members of the procession were
eZterte y.the committee, who stood at the head of the
Cat istairs, and directed them to their allotted seats. Of
liseßittlas iseannot even allude to a twentieth part of these
e.,o7.dividuals, who were either judges, senators, mem-
ira or of the State Legislature, or well known
Zatoss.
„ I, however, had my particular attention
ted, e"ne, who, from the cheers with which liewas
Vi rode .4 judged must be some one of consequence.nnhis
b.t.heh;fWhite horse, very richly caparisotrrdmr-santl,
very
d,f,:ot4 it and ascending the 1
Itqh,‘ 04ellee and respect was shown him.p" He was some
Ntrietl ao-aed in years, for his hair was snow-white and he
he!n,eWhat feeble. His face
.was , and he bad a
„ligat, keen grey eyes, which now seemed lighted
lota. sasrastfrable xcitement. He was short of stature,
el t-n Pun, Punchy in e frame, and looked more like a corn-
of -egoah gentleman-farmer than an American. in
Asttgoseerr held a beautiful bouquet; several wreathes
lqt„"arsu, Ima on his arm, and a brilliant floral
Iklje'is Of aP,wngearelessly around his portly person. These.
toe fieriZoltration had been bestowed upon him by fair
elthy-g„bi-s progress to the place of meeting ; and to ex-
maY be as well to state that he was the popular
Osteknielskiseate for the governorship of the state of Pennsyl-
kie7is bigh and honourable post, however, he failed to
esldal —re fortunate gentleman, who professed democratic
S,s'e‘e sLalld rejoiced in the euphonious name of Shunk,
hat e n General Markle by many hundred votes.
, 140 t 7 4144 ; onder's Black Dan; here he conies !" And
riZ4, Oth-•11gt before was loud enough, is increased ten-
"ia old sf the day is recognised. " Three cheers
114-1:1'' .saellustetts:J"
~.,I,lree cheers' " Three good-'uns for the old Bay
for, .Dan Webster !" are proposed
140,7 le 'vita hearty goou--will, as the observed of all ob-
i44.4leorMs the staircase Ns- almost solemn
ith slow and
erstloti tlng right a-head, and .4eeming to pay no more
On
the noise than if he was deaf as a p
ghtl
'l't floor of the stand he half turns.
ttil, I bends his body, and this retirin
e-
rnost row of gentlemen, coolly gdivebsts
Is 104 sz, sus huge worsted comfo. rter, shakes hands
till • A two friends and then pulling down his . oyner,
ttlielliejahroalshe Peat* himself on a bench, and folding his an
NOP*II,7 eaest, quietly surveys the vast audience, which
LktlN CC, 're row, to their natural amphitheatre, until firust,
'llek-s*ky-sens forms become indistinct, and, at length, far
stised-4,74ense many -coloured mass above is to be seen,ae
',Vet st J, It line of flags which flutter gaily, against a.b back-
-4 ,44r Which, it is' no exaggeration of description
,441;14Pr0,-'eulY, deeply, beautifully blue."
'eedings comm, enced by a very good, but a very
*Stlistleeel.',,bY-a clergyman ; then followed speeches which
s'Sh sted to with manifest impatience, and at length. it
Ns% ehes'at Air. Webster would move the next resolution.
ee'''eat,e—ring Wh• 1 f flowed this announcement was, as
,Ss? As 'neat
/es, Peopliensla " immense." Men flourished their
kalthen"' waved their handkerchiefs, and the voices. of
sitlf-ss,Bae. -a,,nd people hailed the orator's name with a no.esy
`'eir ',ter a few minutes he, rose, slowly divested him-
tstid Sella brown
over coat, and then waiting until silence
s..olstamea
sth s sink he stood uncovered, with folded arms,
Iseln those marvellous eyes of his upon the mass of
4. 4to Re Whom he was about to address. lie had no
*ith 1 sh Beorate his person— no ornaments, indeed, of any
4,1, tor louid „
.0
e ted to have seen a giant adorned
hittet4l,,aend belts, extol) have seen Daniel Webster with a
gtiehtlyae":is hottena-shole.
!ISSeSSS ve,ss- man rather above than beneath the ordinary
,nrise se, stroll
toted et; -eation.
tiveta, f cuest gly even powerfully built, having a broad,
s, and limbs,' of sturdy and yet by no means
istellS•e, vtterition— But his head was what attracted and
and such a head as Daniel Webster's, I
!tea:l4l3,t?l never before placed on mortal shoulders. It is
Uto ,s4s iraersge,, and so pro- minent about the temples, that it
"k 1 ere'. unniense quantity of brain had been. packed,
Bele eatiesa 'Prins whilst it was soft in those regions, and
terkketse
anto bulge out. The forehead is massive
krsProtrud what in frt. It is sur-
es so
os seed s zirelessly arranged darkish brown hair, slightly
eta
,S` thesttbin Wi tl
grey His eyebrows are very large, and ascend
at6tad 'lnwards. His nose is short, somewhat nobbed
tos,Br tray' looks as though it were grafted on his face,
Isttletr,essed. grew there ; and his mouth is thin-lipped and
'Noe" corn Slight whiskers appear on either cheekbone,
11a4t leee'tion, dark and swarthy, has earned for him
t'rt pt is
~,ecftmlrymen the soubriquet of " Black Dan."
tre„ ey— ost remarkable features in Mr. Webster's face
AtieN, bi Carlyle (I believe) said they were like blast
NeßePle (vn out, when in repose. They are large, dark,
tqlesflittlatese
, ssra see 6,, in cavernous openings, roofs
;.; lorinic,`" upper portions of the huge orbits, the shaggy
alp Women a species of pent- house lids to them. Dark
shje "" as they are before commences speaking, they
I %c e` °I att
e 't racflon ; but when the blaze of his own die-
(lseNlly bs• !hem, they glow like living coals, and are die-
',4oD'oet „tail,Nll. He commences his speech in a low,
'Olea,t_he c'rfeetaj• distinct tone, and silence instantly per-
het nsultit'Ssde, As he proceeds, the volume of his
-"ells majestic stream, it flows onward

in its deep channel with resistless power. He does not

deal largelyin tropes or metaphors; and yet, occasionally,
he delights. with the most poetical passages. His style of
oratory is hot the ornate, but the massive, and he is rather
clear and forcible than florid or captivating. Appealing
to reason and good sense, rather than to feeling and pas-
sion, he produces almost marvellous effects. He softens
his audience by the beauty or his style and dic-
tion, and then, down he comes with the po,-1-
deroua sledge- hammer of his eloquence, and • moulds
them to his will. His eloquence, contrasted with that
of another distinguished American orator, Mr. Choate, is as
the simple grandeur of a pyramid in opposition to • the ele-
gance of a Corinthian temple. The effect of his speech on
the occasion to which I am especially referring cannot be
better described than by adopting the unconsciously correct
criticism of a Yankee from Connecticut, who stood near me,
and exclaimed at its conclusion, " Well, I guess, as every
word in that ere speech weighed a 'wound." Sidney Smith,
when asked what he thought of Mr. Webster, after hearing
a speech which the American made at an agricultural dinner
in Oxford, expressed the same astonishment in a different
manner—" What do I think of him, Sir?" said the witty
canon, " why, he is a steam-engine in breeches, Sir."
Mr. Webster is unquestionably the foremost man of Ame-
rica, and v ell may the citizens of the Old Boy State, as well,
indeed. as those of the entire Union, be proud of him. His
name is never mentioned but with admiration, and seldom by
Massachusetts men without enthusiasm, and he deserves the
almost universal homage which he receives. As a debater he
has not his equal on the floor of the Senate, and
his crushing defeat of Mr. Hague who was, a few years since,
pitted by the South against him, will long deter any new an-
tagonist from entering the lists with him. An American writer,
with whom we only disagree when he places him above
Burke, says of our subject—
" Daniel Webster has written his name in our history. lie
has graven it indelibly on the rocks of our hills. He has as-
sociated it in some way with all that is grand and peculiar
about us. Whatever may be the effects of Time upon his
reputation as a politician, unless the world return to barba-
rism, it cannot destroy his fame as an author. If I were to
compare him to any foreigner, it would be to Burke. But
he is a far greater man than the Irish Colossus. His genius
is more universal. He is more chaste. His style and argu-
ment are more compact. His learning is more various and
profound. The literature of the language has no more
splendid rhetoric or faultless logic. Born almost contempo-
raneously with the nation, he has grown with its growth,
strengthed with its strength, and become an impersonation
of its character."

As of all other great men, many amusing anecdotes are
related of Mr. Webster. I will only inflict one upon the
reader, who will, I think, agree with me that it is not a bad
one. The distinguished man, just before Lafayette's last visit
to America, formed one in a fishing-party in Massa
chusetts Bay. He had been selected to • deliver to
the welcoming speech to the Frenchman on his ap-
proaching visit, and during his occupation of hauling
up cod-fish and tantog, he was observed to be very abstracted.
It appeared afterwards that he must have been studying
that part of his speech in which he afterwards addressed
Lafayette, for a gentleman who was fishing next bins ob-
served him pulling in his line, hand over hand, with some
difficulty, as if a large fish was hooked, yet without exhibit-
ing any satisfaction on his face at having captured a prize.
At length the fish was seen approaching the surface and
gleaming through the green waters, like a lively bladder of
quicksilver; still Webster's face gave no smiling welcome ;
but just as the fish came to the surface, he burst out with
" Venerable man ! the representative of the two hemispheres,
welcome to our shores," and down flopped the "monster
cod " on the deck !

The recent speech of Mr. Webster, in Boston, has added
new lustre to his already bright reputation. It has been
hailed with as much satisfaction by politicians on this side of
the water, as to the men of Massachusetts in Faneuil Hall;
and from a personal knowledge of the latter, I hesitate not to
say that a more high-minded and enlightened race of men
nowhere exists. Well would it be for America if, in her high
places, were seated such clear-headed politicians as Daniel
Webster; and higher than it is would be her position in the
scale of nations were all her citizens as just and as generous
as those of the " Old Bay State." WHIZ.

BRITISH MUSEUM-NEW MODEL

OF THE PARTHENON RESTORED.

It must have often entered into the minds of enthu-
siastic lovers of Grecian sculpture, to wish the attempt
to be made by some bold and judicious hand to raise a
model of the original Parthenon, presenting it, as far as
possible, in all the fullness of its ancient beauty and
splendour. The attempt has been made by Mr. Lucas,
the sculptor, who, availing himself of all existing re -
cords and authorities on the subject, material and spe-
culative, has, with the aid of a well-disciplined judg-
ment and fine taste, prepared a complete model of 'that
most perfect and beautiful of Grecian temples. He has
now furnished what has always been wanting to the pub-
lic, viz., a text-book to the " Elgin-room." To those
who are unacquainted with the history of Greek sculp-
ture, or who have not investigated that of these fragments
in particular—and thus it is with multitudes who visit
them—the marbles have appeared in no other light
than a very odd and mysterious assemblage of broken
statuary. But now they cannot fail to excite an in-
terest in the mind of every observer. It will be seen
at once that these colossal figures are portions of two
groups that once occupied and adorned the pediments
of a temple, the pediment being the framework
in which the Greeks delighted to display those great
mythological and historical representations, so interest-
ing to their religious and patriotic feelings. In the present
instance, the subjects of the pediments are—in the
eastern, the Advent of Minerva ; in the western, the
Victory of Minerva in. her contest with Neptune for the
territory of Attica. The drawings of Carrey, made
when the latter pediment was nearly perfect, have en-
abled Mr. Lucas to re-produce this group as originally
composed. With regard to the subject of the eastern
pediment, it is known from the record of Pausanias,
who saw the temple when perfect, that it related to
the birth of Minerva ; but in consequence of the
early destruction of the central portion, the precise
mode in which the subject was treated by the sculptor
became a matter of speculation. It has been sup.
posed that the central figure in the pediment (Jupiter)
was represented as being supported by two goddesses,
while a small figure of Minerva was seen issuing from
his brain. Homer is the authority for this idea. " But
(observes Mr. Lucas) although Homer describes the
glorious image of Minerva as rising from the brain of
Jupiter, and all Nature struck with awe at the splendour
of her form and golden plumage, yet, in the adap-
tation of that moment to sculpture the glorious form
of Wisdom, sinks into an insignificant puppet." Herce
he rejects the notion that Phidias adopted this mode
of representation ; but rather, as would be far more
fitting in a temple peculiarly dedicated to her honour,
"by the introduction of the goddess to the august
assemblage of the gods on Olympus—a subject in the
highest degree imposing, and admitting of a sculptural
treatment of the greatest majesty." A view of the
matter in which Mr. Lucas is supported by several ex-
cellent authorities. The sculptor's reasonings for the
manner in which he has employed and connected the
fragments that remain of the central group in this
eastern pediment, are remarkably acute, and the re-
sult is, that he has reconstructed the whole into a
splendid composition—thoroughly Grecian, and strictly
harmonising with what remains of the ancient de-
sign. The ninety-two sculptured Metopes are re-
stored, and the beautiful frieze also, representing
the sacred procession to the Temple, which was cele-
brated every fifth year in honour of Minerva, and which
embraces in its composition all the external observances
of the highest festival of the Athenians. The frieze
extends completely round the Temple, placed imme-
diately below the ceiling of the porticos. Here a beau-
tiful effect has been produced by a light blue ground
to which the white carving is attached. The ori-
ginal frieze occupied, slab after slab, a space of 524
feet in length. As a connected subject, this was the
most extensive piece of sculpture ever made in Greece.
A restoration of this frieze adorns our own Athe-
neum. The shields of gilt metal, of which traces re-
main on the original walls, are here replaced, together
with the inscriptions between them, and even the
minutest embellishment has been executed with the
highest finish, that nothing may be wanting to convey
the general effect of ,the whole. The interior of the
Temple is restored .in the same exquisite manner. In
the eastern compartment stands the Goddess in her
garment of ivory and gold, wearing he r golden helmet
crested with a sphynx, and bearing in one hand a
figure of Victory, in the other a golden spear. Next
to the first impression of grandeur and sublimity
which fills the mind of the spectator in look-
ing at the Parthenon, is the unity of thought
which pervades its composition. Dedicated by the Athe-
nians to the worship and glory of their tutelar goddess,
the genius of the great sculptor has made every de-
tail expressive of homage and honour to the Athe-
nian deity, or descriptive of the renown of her wor-
shippers. Thus in the eastern pediment we have
the advent of Minerva. In the western, her victory
over the god Neptune, in their contest for Attica.
The Metopes relate to actions of Minerva herself,
and of the principal Athenian heroes, including the me-
morable contest between the Centaurs and the Lapitbse.
The worship of the goddess expressed in the frieze has
been mentioned. The restoration of this work is es-
pecially useful, as it furnishes the finest example ever
given to the world of the use and beauty of sculpture,
combined with architecture. In it these sister arts
aro so wonderfully blended that the sculpture
is an essential element in the architectural com•
position. It has been said with truth—" Nowhere
does the genius of sculpture seem so great as in the
Parthenon." And never did we feel the truth of Mr.
Haydon's eloquent comparison of three great master so
forcibly as when contemplating this model. Speaking
of Raphael, Michael Angelo, and Phidias—" Raphael,"
said he, " was an angel, Michael Angelo was a giant,
but Phidias was a god !" A companion model, re-
presenting the Parthenon in its dilapidated state in the
17th century, is in progress by the same artist. The
one we have described has been purchased by the
British Museum, and will stand in the Elgin room.
Each model is twelve feet long, by nearly six in width.

RUSSIA AND THE CAUCASUS.—The Government
continues to make the greatest efforts to extend and develop
the commercial relations between the Russians and the
different tribes of the mountains of the Caucasus, especially
on the eastern shores of the Black Sea, which are now occu-
pied by the most warlike savage tribes of those countries.
The Government considers that commercial relations with
those districts are the surest means of softening their man-
ners and spreading civilisation amongst them. Symptoms
of disturbance had been manifested in Livonia in conse-
quence of the numerous conversions to the Greek Church,
which have led to collisions between the converts and their
Protestant neighbours. A Cossack regiment has been sent
to restore tranquillity.—Augsburg Gazette.
CAUTION TO PUBLISHERS.—Henry Paterson, sta-
tioner, Auchtermuchty, pursued the Rev. T. Martin, Strath-
miglo, for the value Of the Penny Cyclopredia from July.
1841, to December, 1843, amounting to 21. ss. The. Sheriff-
Substitute assoilzied the defendant, the publishers having
pledged themselves, in the first volume, to complete the
work in twenty volumes, whereas it extended to twenty-
seven volumes. The Sheriff held that the publishers were
bound to complete the work, and that the subscribers and
purchasers were not bound to pay for more than twenty
volumes, in terms of the publishers' pledge.—Scotch Re-
jlowler#' Gazette.
The Earl of Carlisle is somewhat improved in
health, and is surrounded by a family circle at Castle Howard,

RAILWAY UNDERTAKINGS.
(From the Times.)
. . .

It is a trite remark, that associated numbers often
refuse to acknowledge that responsibility which they
would not dare to repudiate as indiv:duals. Corpora-
tions are said to have no conscience. And companies are
sometimes found who seem to have established their part-
nership on the principal of the two thieves who severally
denied, the one that he took, the other that he received,
the stolen goods. This peculiarity, which has been
called, by a happy blunder, " the irresponsibility of
numb: Ts; is most signally exemplified in railway under-
takings. It is the bad pre-eminence of the promoters of
some among these schemes to stand before the world as
the disciples of repudiation. Their ambition appears to
be, to wear the seal and impress of Pennsylvania and
Mississippi; to be enrolled, perhaps at some future time
among the citizens of those honourable States. May
their ambition be gratified! England, certainly, is no
place for repudiators; she has a foolish prejudice in
favour of honesty, an inveterate habit of paying her
debts, at all risks, and without consideration of loss.
She would, doubtless, if her laws allowed, transport
these gentlemen, in the ordinary way, to the congenial
climate of republican America. But, unfortunately,
theirs is a casus omissus in the books; there is no special
punishment for them marked cut and defined. The
omission may perhaps be likened, in its causes, to that
celebrated ono in the Roman Code, which need only be
hinted at. But though they cannot be conveyed to the
wished-for shores at the public expense, yet, if they will
go at their own, they will enjoy the pleasing reflection
that " they left their country for their country's good."
It is not alleged that all, or indeed many, railway com-
panies are amenable to these remarks; but it is certain
that more than one have already suffered themselves to
be charged with swindling and embezzlement, without
even deigning to notice the accusation. As to how many
more will follow the bright example, some estimate may
be formed from the declaration of the chief magistrate
of the city of London, that he apprehended there were
a great many cases parallel to theirs. For a proof
of the reasonableness of this apprehension we refer
to the police reports of the Mansion-house and
Guildhall, which appeared in our columns of Saturday
and yesterday. It would occupy too much space to go
into all the cases at length, but for the sake of example
we give every notoriety to the names of the companies
implicated. These are the Great Manchester, Rugby,
and Southampton; the Great Leeds and London Direct;
and the Direct Birmingham, Oxford, and Brighton.
The first, as being decidedly the worst, we shall select
for a particular notice. The letters of allotment of the
Great Manchester, Rugby, and Southampton Railway
required the payment of a deposit of two guineas per
share into a certain bank before a certain day. A Mr.
Chapple, to whom forty shares had been allotted, paid
his 841. within the limited time. On the following day
he received a printed circular from the office of the
. .

Provisional Committee, signed by their secretary, to
the effect that the committee of management had de-
. . _ _

cided upon limiting the deposit to 10s.. 'per share, and
that the remaining 325. would not be required until
January next. Mr. Chapple immediately applied to
the secretary for the balance he had overpaid. The

answer was-ingenuous to a fault:—" The committee
of management had no notion of adopting that course."
He then asked for his scrip. The reply was equally
candid :—" It was the intention of the committee of
management to issue no more scrip." The coolness of
this proceeding would be laughable, if its consequences
were less serious. One feels something amounting al-
most to admiration for such enormous effrontery— the
sort of sentiment one is apt to entertain towards the
unblushing impudence of a Brummel or a Jeremy Did-
dler. To Mr. Chapple, however, it was no joke. He
saw himself in imminent danger of losing his money
and his scrip, and, alas ! all his promised premiums.
So he betook himself to the Lord Mayor, and sum-
moned the secretary. This gentleman did not, of
course, obey the summons. How could he be expected
to waste his time at the Mansion-house at such a busy
period as this. But he " appeared by attorney ;"
and the attorney was very bold and a little indig-
nant. He submitted that his client had nothing
whatever to do with the matter, because he only acted
under instructions, and had no authority to pay back
the deposits. He apprehended that the committee of
management had a discretionary power in the issuing of
scrip, and they deemed it advisable to exercise that
power in the present instance, because they had found,
under exisiting circumstances, there would be no time
to get before Parliament in the ensuing session. Then
he contradicted himself a little, and protested " that he
knew nothing whatever of the company," and was
" wholly ignorant of any of the matters connected with
it," even of the name of its chairman ; and he concluded
by expressing an opinion that the Lord Mayor had no
jurisdiction in the premises, and that he (the attorney)
would have taken no notice of the summons but for the
respect he bore his Lordship. His Lordship was at
first a little puzzled. He thought the matter had
better stand over. He was willing to give the com-
pany a locus pcenitentur. But in the end a better course
occurred. " Why not go at once to the Mayor's Court
and attach the money at the banker's ?" Why not, in-
deed ! What more ready and simple course to arrest
the progress of such a transaction ! When the Com-
mittee can no longer get access to its funds, it must of
necessity seek a compromise. Landlords, and secre-
taries, and engineers, and stationers, and printers, all
must be paid. They look to their employers—the com-
mittee of management, who know their liability, and
have been accustomed with long impunity to look to the
deposits at the banker's to discharge it. Put these be-
yond their reach, and their panic comes in its turn.
Hitherto the Shareholders, or rather the Scripholders,
have been the only sufferers. Whilst these stood aghast
at the sight of letters of allotment that nobody would
buy, and certificates that were an abomination even in
Capel-court, the promoters of the concern stood by and
smiled. They had made their gains, and retired from com-
petition. They had depastured the field, and not a blade
was left for the poor stags to nibble. But now we hope,
with the help o$ the City authorities, to turn the tables
upon these thriving gentlemen. The Lord Mayor's ad-
vice is the salt which will make these leeches disgorge.
He has on more than one occasion declared that he will
go to the extent of the law for this purpose. His deter-
mination is much to be commended, and, if strictly pur-
sued, will shed no little lustre on his term of office. But
there must be no division of opinions on the civic bench,
no hostile thunders between Guildhall and the Mansion-

house, no breaking of lances between Johnson and
'Musgrove. The judgment of the worthy Alderman on
a case before him not very dissimilar from the ore we
have detailed, and which will be found in the Times of
yesterday, seems to warrant an apprehension of such a
conflict. It may be doubted if the law therein laid
down is stated with sufficient accuracy, and with the
necessary qualifications. Although it be admitted that a
party who has received his scrip, and signed the Parlia-
mentary contract, has contracted to bear his share of the
preliminary expenses necessary for obtaining the Act of
Parliament, it does not by any means follow that such a
liability exists where no such scrip has been given and
no contract signed. To prove this position, it must be
shown that the letters of application and allotment
form together a complete contract between the par-
ties, by which the allottee binds himself to become a
partner in the undertaking, and consequently assumes
all the acts and all the risks of the partnership. And
the proof must go further, for every agreement is mu-
tual, and there must be mutuality of consideration. If
the allottee of the so-called shares is bound to pay the
deposit in all events, and in the teeth of all hazards to
render himself a partner, it may fairly be asked, what
are the provisional committee bound to do? Can they
refuse to deliver his scrip to a speculator who has paid
his deposit, and is ready and willing to sign the Parlia-
mentary contract, and at the same time hold him to all
the liabiles of a partner? The letter of allotment is
the evidence of the allottee's title to tie registered as a
shareholder in the company, should it ever be legally
constituted. It seems to he the only consideration he
receives for his money. Nay, more, the letter appears
on the face of it to express th►s consideration. And if it
does not, the consequence follows that the committee
have it all their own way. Such may indeed turn out to
be the law. But it will take a very long time to con-
vince the public of it—to make them understand that
they have been swindled out of their money according to
law, and cheated by Act of Parliament.

COUNTY OF. HERTFORD.—Mr. Halsey has offered
himself as a candidate for the county of Hertford, on the
Conservative interest. He has issued an address to the elec-
tors, and met them at Hemel Hempstead on Saturday. We
understand, however, that he will not be elected without op-
position. A requisition is in course of signature to the Hon.
Spencer Cowper, brother, of Earl Cowper, and of the Member
for Hertford. Efficient means have been taken to ascertain
the general feeling of the county, and it is confidently hoped
that, between the names of Halsey and Cowper, the electors
of Hertford will not hesitate to choose a member of a family
who are so well known as the consistent advocates of con-
stitutional reform. Mr. Halsey pledges himself to support
the present corn-laws, in opposition to the present Ministry
or any other party.
ABERYSTWITH HARBOUR.—The works at the
harbour are going on briskly. There are now upwards of
100 men employed, besides horses. To show how the har-
bour is improved by the works already executed, it may be
stated that on Sunday last the brig Elizabeth, Mr. Andrew
Riddle, master, 350 tons burthen, and on Tuesday morning
the brig Credo, Mr. John Humphreys, master, 410 tons
burthen, both arrived from Quebec with timber, for Thomas
Jones, Esq., Rope-walk, in a gale of wind with a heavy sea
running. They both entered in perfect safety without any
difficulty, whereas before the work of the pier was com-
menced, it was out of the question even to make the attempt,
without first remaining on the bar to discharge part of the
cargo in order to lighten the ship.— Welshman.
COWES—THE Fox NUISANCE.—The warren near the
Needles has from time immemorial supplied this island with
rabbits of exquisite delicacy of flavour. We regret to hear
that in consequence of the depredations of the foxes which
harbour in great numbers in the cliffs in that neighbourhood,
they have been exterminated, so that not a single couple
has been taken for sale or for the table of the pro-
prietor during the present season. Within four or five years
there were no foxes in the island, and it is really very much
to be lamented that such vermin should have been intro-
duced into the Isle of Wight, where there is no country for
fox- hunting, for the amusement of the few to the injury of
the many. In the present case we understand the loss to
the lessee of Headon Warren, this season, will be not less
than eighty pounds, and to the poor warrener of twenty
pounds.—Hampshire Telegraph.
THE BRIGHTON AND CHICHESTER RAILWAY.--The
works on this line between Worthing and Chichester (the
other portion to Brighton having been opened last week) are
proceeding with the utmost expedition, and the company are
in expectation that the entire line will be completed in the
course of the ensuing spring, Plate-layers are now engaged
laying down the second line of rail on that portion already
opened for public traffic. The line joins the Shoreham branch
' of the Brighton and Kingston, and crossing Buckingham-
lane on a level proceeds to ariver, which it crosses on a bridge
constructed on piles. The country here is almost a complete
flat, so that there are scarcely any cuttings or embankments
more than two or three feet.—Hampshire Telegraph.
The Duke of Montrose will preside at the ap -
proaching meeting of the Highland and Agr;cultural Society
of Scotland, on the 13th of the ensuing month,

LITERAT URE.

THE TVESTATIINSTER RE VIE TV.

It is a singular fact that the State, governed by the
Head of the Church, to whom all the faithful look up
as an infallible, guide, should abound more with corrup-
tion, exhibit more crime, and be in a more deplorable
condition, considering her position, than any other State
in Christendom. There is no regular .Government.
Anarchy prevails not only among the chiefs, the car-
dinals, and prelates, but in every department venality is
the general rule, not the exception. It begins with the
Pope, and descends to the lowest domestic of any man in
office. Never were the words of Jngurthe so applicable
as at the present time—" Urbem venalem, et mature
perituram, Si emptorem invenerit." Decisions of law
and equity courts, for justice is not known, are bought

at a certain price, or made on hints thrown out by the

reigning Pontiff or the Cardinal Secretary, which no
judge can afford to disregard ; plunderers and thieves
are ennobled ; bandits, who had long infested the
country and committed murders innumerable, arc made
inspectors or commissioners of police, or reclaimed by
ample pensions. A man called Majocco, who had been
a lugh wayman for seventeen years, and on whose head a
reward had been set, was afterwards employed as captain
of mounted police in the district which abounded with
the victims of his crimes, and another, equally notorious,
was made commissary of police at Rome. The Inqui-
sition exists to its full extent, though the progress of
civilisation has abated the number of murders. In-
formers are encouraged to accuse falsely their neigh-
bours, and rewarded with ten years' indulgence by the
Head of the Faithful—nay, the slightest word from one
of these secret assassins, or the merest breath of rumour,
is sufficient for the Cardinal who presides over this
terrible tribunal to inscribe a name on the roll of the
condemned. Need the British public then wonder at
the constant attempts of the unfortunate people of the
Legations to escape from such a Government, and at the
humanity displayed towards-the victims by the Most
despotic States of Italy ? It is only surprising that
human nature can submit so long to hopeless misery end
oppression without end, and that a general rising does
not take place to put down the most barefaced and
horrid system of imposture that ever disgraced human
nature. The Pope would rule all the other kingdoms of
the earth, yet cannot preserve in tolerable order his own
petty dominions, either by Austrian bayonets, or Roman

gibbets, or the terrors of his ecclesiastical power. The
following extract, from an excellent article on these
subjects in the present number of the Westminster
Review, shows that the state of religion in that fine
country is even more deplorable than the temporal
government:—

"When, in 1831, the de facto rulers of the Roman States
issued a decree abolishing the Pope's temporal power, not a
single individual throughout their breadth uttered a pretest.
When, as men seize a common malefactor, violent hands were
laid on the Cardinal Legate Benvenuti, who came to foment
disunion in the Army of the Insurrection, not a single mouth
cried out sacrilege. And when the Transtiberines, whose
blind faith is so much extolled, discover that bread is too
dear, they send a loaf with their vivas, into the stately equi-
page of his Holiness: they treat him as the savage treats his
fetiche. All the world of Italy knows, and nowhere so well
as in the Popedom, from how much intrigue results the no-
mination of him who, as the representative, we say not of
God, but of humanity, should be one filled with all intelli-
gence, and all love, hailed by the Church, by the welcome
of the faithful. All the world knows how the inspiration of
the Sacred Spirit (shame that we must so word it) posts to
Rome in an ambassador's portmanteau ; how the recom-
mendation of Gaetanino, or his like, is more efficacious with
the Holy Father than sentiments of eternal justice; how
every severity of enactments fur the observance of the Sab-
bath vanishes before the Fair of Sinegaglia—it's so profitable
to the Treasury ; how, in short, all spirituality has fallen
before the interests of temporal power. And how, then, can
vou look for its existence among the subjects of that power?
'Urged by a blind reaction, and estimating religion by its ap-
plication under their eyes, the educated youth for the most
part lapse into materialism ; the people, save a portion of the
rural population, are without belief, even though professing
it. Half from fear, half from habit, they may still frequent
the churches, may be found gazing on the pomp of cere-
monies, but with curiosity, not with reverence; their south-
ern imagination may be excited, but the heart is untouched.
The Papal power, then, is not only hated for the evil it
works, but despised as an imposture, for the sources whence
it obstinately persists in deriving the authority by whose
virtue it is existent; and it may be conceived what degree of
bitterness this feeling adds to reaction."

The article on " Railway Investment" disposes, in a
very satisfactory and summary manner, of the theories
of the currency doctors and the alarmists on railway
speculation. The commencing paragraphs, which we
subjoin, show the principles on which the writer founds
his articles ; and for his illustrations we refer to the
article:—

" The fee simple of the resources of the British empire is
usually estimated by statistical writers at six thousand mil-
lions. The circulation of the Bank of England is twenty
millions. The real and personal property, therefore, held by
British subjects is to the amount of Bank of England notes
as three hundred to one!

" In other words, for every five pounds represented by a
Bank of England note, there are fourteen hundred and ninety-
five pounds not so represented, of bona fide property, consist-
ing of lands, houses, ships, agricultural produce, and manu-
factured stock, belonging to the people of this realm.

" We would request the attention of all persons interested
in the question of investment to this fact, and its bearings
upon the theories of currency alarmists."

COURT CIRCULAR.

The Queen and Prince Albert took their accustomed
early walk yesterday morning in the pleasure-grounds
of Osborne House.

Sir Robert Peel left Osborne House yesterday morn-
ing, crossed in the Fairy steam-yacht, and proceeded to
town by the express train of the South-Western Railway.
The royal children were taken out in a carriage yes-
terday, and took their usual exercise on the sea beach.
Sir James Clark left Osborne House yesterday.

The Duke of Cambridge left town yesterday morning
for Richmond, on a shooting excursion. His Royal
Highness returned to Cambridge House in the afternoon.
Sir Robert Peel arrived in town at three o'clock yes-
terday afternoon.

A Cabinet Council was held at five o'clock yesterday
afternoon at the Foreign-office. The Lord Chancellor
was sufficiently recovered from his recent illness to at-
tend the meeting.

The other Ministers present were Sir Robert Peel,
Lord Wharncliffe, the Duke of Baccleuch, the Earl of
Aberdeen, Lord Stanley, Sir James Graham, the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Earl of Haddington,
the Earl of Ripon, Lord Granville Somerset, the Earl of
Lincoln, and the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert.
The Council sat an hour.
His Excellency Baron Dedel had an interview with
the Earl of Aberdeen on Friday, at the Foreign-office.
Lord Granville Somerset and Mr. Sidney Herbert had
an interview with the Earl of Dalhousie yesterday.
The Marchioness of Hastings and Captain Hastings
l-lenry have arrived at Farrance's Hotel, from Efford
House. Sir John and Lady Yarde Buller and Miss
Buller have arrived from Lupton House, Devon. Sir
Charles and Lady Fitzroy arrived at Farrance's Hotel,
Upper Belgrave-street, yesterday, from Southampton.

GRAND DUKE CONSTANTINE

OF RUSSIA.

PLYMOUTH, Dac. 7.—This afternoon, at three o'ciccic,
his Imperial Majesty's ship Inoermanland, 74, Captain
Moflit, bearing the flag of Admiral Lutke, and having
on hoard the Grand Duke Constantine of Russia,
weighed anchor in Plymouth Sound.. The corvetto.
Vaarschafsky, 30, Captain Giassnap, unmoorcd at the
same time. A royal salute was fired from Plymouth
citadel, which was acknowledged by the Ingermanland.
In the Sound were—Her Majesty's ship Queen, 110,
Captain Sir B. Walker, bearing the flag of Port-Ad-
miral Sir John West ; the
.Canopus, 84, Captain Mo-
resby, CA; the Rodney, 90, Captain Collier ; the Al.
bion, 90, Captain N. Lockyer ' • the Vanguard, 80, Cap-
tain Willis ; the Superb, 80, Captain Corry ; the Pre-
sident, 50, Captain Stanley (Rear-Admiral Dacres) ;
and the During brig 10, Commander Matson. The
yards were manned throughout the vi-hole of this fleet,
the Russian standard hoisted at the main of the flag-
ship the Queen, and at the mizen of the other ship-,
and a royal salute fired from them simultaneously. The
appearance of the Sound at this moment was of a most
imposing character, and rivetted the attention of a
large number of spectators, who, notAithstanding the
coldness of the weather, thickly studded the floe,
Stonehouse-point, Mount Wise, and the surrounding
heights. _ _

The Ingermanland carried her national flag at the
foretopgallantmast•head. On receiving this compliment.
from the British fleet, she hoisted the English red ensign
at her peak, and returned the salute. tihe then dropped
the ensign, and with a light wind from W.N.W., male
her departure by the western channel. Outside she
again hoisted the red ensign, and with a salute of 17
guns honoured the flag of Port-Admiral Sir John West.
Off Penlee Point she brought up for her consort.
The Vaarsehafsky had been anchored to the eastward
of the 74, and at first attempted to follow her Admiral
through the western passage, but the wind failing, she
eventually made for the eastern channel. She did not
salute. Outside the breakwater she lay to to receive
fresh stock from a tender, and then joined the Inger.
manland.

Mr. W. Luscombe, of the Vice-Consular-office, in the
Gem yacht, accompanied the Prince to the Eddystone.
The Grand Duke Constantine entered the Russian
navy about eight years since, under Captain Moffitt, his
present commander. The Prince is skilful as a navi-
gator, and attentive to his duties as a lieutenant ; has a
good voice for giving command, but a great impediment
in his profession is his deficiency of sight.
His Imperial Highness, during his stay at Plymouth,
has been much gratified with the hospitable reception
experienced from the Port Admiral, the Admiral Super-
intendent, Commander of the Forces, and other heads of
public departments, but more especially with the
courtly style in which he was entertained at Saltram
by the Earl of Morley. To this patriotic nobleman
he has confided the distribution of a purse of 100
sovereigns, in aid of the charitable institutions at Ply-
mouth.

ANOTHER CONTRAST.
(From the Examiner.)
A MINISTER OF THE A MINISTER OF THE
STATE. GOSPEL.
The personal property of The personal property of
Earl Grey, late a Prime the late Dean of Lincoln, a
Minister of Great Britain, Minister of the Gospel, was
was sworn to be under sworn to be under 140,000/.,
30,0001. exclusive of his various es-
tates of landed property, &e.
" Lay not up to yourselves
treasures on earth."

" Let your moderation
be known unto all men."

FRENCH PLAYS-ST. JAMES'S

THEATRE.

Picard's admirable comedy, La Petite Ville, was per-
formed here last evening. Plot it has none, and yet
despite this want it is one of the most amusing of
comedies. It is a series of sketches of character—in
fact, a dramatic version of some of the most piquant
sketches of La Bruyare. The scene is laid in a country
town, and we have the jealous man of the village,
Pristard (M. Dumery), who is engaged to the belle and
coquette, a lively frolicsome widow, Madame de Senne-
vine (Mademoiselle Martelleux). Vernon (admirably
acted by Cartigny) and his sister Nina (Mademoiselle
Dumery), an old maid according to the almanac, but in
the estimation of herself and her brother a blushing,
lovely virgin—both dragons of propriety—and Madame
Guibort (Madame Croset), an intriguing old mamma,
with an excessively gauche daughter, Flore (Made-
moiselle
Heloise). The part of Flore was acted with
infinite humour by Mademoiselle Heloise. Her
gaucherie was inimitable; and the little mixture of
finesse which she threw into the part when she asked,
in an aside manner, of her mother which was the
young man with the money, was admirable.
The part is a small one, but, while she was on the stage,
she made it the part of the piece. Such are the charac-
ters of the piece, and they are brought into play by the
simplest machinery imaginable. Desreches (M. Ulric),
a young Parisian, fancies that his lady-love has played him
false, and determines, accompanied by his friend, Delisle
(M. Pagenier), and his valet, Dabois (M. Narcisse), to
take refuge in the country. They arrive at La Petite
Ville; the inhabitants fete them, in the hope of securing
a good match f.r some one of the female inhabitants in
the rich Parisian. Their conflicting efforts to secure this
end furnish amusement for four acts, and, at the end,
Desroches is convinced of the truth of his lady-love, and
quits La Petite Ville to find consolation in La Grande
Ville, in the arms of Madame Belmont. The piece was
admirably acted throughout ; and we know not where
those who love the study of character could pass a
pleasanter evening tha❑ in La Petite Ville.

EXTENSIVE POST-OFFICE
ROBBERIES.

RUGBY, DEC. 6.—This town and neighbourhood have
for seine time suffered considerable inconvenience from
the non-delivery of letters and newspapers; this evil at
length increased to such an extent, notwithstanding
every attempt was made to trace it to its origin, that
recourse was eventually had to the Postmaster-General,
who, upon being made acquainted with the particulars,
thought the most advisable step would be to send down
Mr. R. W. Peacock, the solicitor to the Post-office, and
that gentleman accordingly arrived here on Thursday,
when he obtained all the information he could; after
which he came to the conclusion that William Garrett,
a young man employed to deliver the letters in Rugby,
was the guilty party, and in order to ascertain whether
he was correct or not in his suspicions, Mr. Peacock
caused a half sovereign to be marked on both sides, and
then enclosed in a letter, which was put into the
post-office at Rugby, and subsequently delivered
into the hands of Garrett. In the meantime ap•
plication was made to 11. S. Gibb, Esq., a magis-
trate of the county of Warwick, for a warrant to
search the premises occupied by Garrett, the result
of which was, that he was brought before 11. S.
Gibb, Esq., and Major Moultre, to-day, charged with
having stolen a number of letters containing money, &c.,
the property of the Postmaster-General, when the fol-
lowing evidence was adduced:—James Stanley is an in-
sp( ctor in the rural police, for the hundred of Knightlow,
in the county of Warwick. Witness knew that the pri-
soner was employed as a letter-carrier by the postmaster
at Rugby. About half-past eleven on Friday morning
witness was with Mr. Robert William Pecock, the soli-
citor to the Post-office, when he saw prisoner going
towards his own house in Railway-terrace; but a few
doors before he reached home he went into another
house, into m hich Mr. Peacock followed him, and said
he wanted to speak to him; whereupon prisoner took
them to his own house, and Mr. Peacock then asked
him, " What time he had done his delivery?" Prisoner
replied, "About half-past ten ;" and added that "he had
-delivered all his letters, and that he had not any in his
possession." Mr. Peacock told him that " a great num-
ber of letters, addressed to Rugby, had been stolen,
and that he (Garrett) was suspected of having com-
mitted the thefts." Mr. Peacock then asked him
whether he would have any objection to his house
being searched. He said he should, unless we had
a warrant for that purpose. Witness thereupon pro-
duced the warrant, and at once proceeded to search the
person of the prisoner, when he found upon him I ls. in
silver, and Is. lid. in copper, a silver pencil case, some
newspapers, and seventeen letters, all addressed to dif-
ferent persons in Rugby. Amongst the latter was an
envelope, addressed to " Master Girado, Rev. J. Pen-
rose's, ugby," bearing the London stamp of the 4th
of December, and the Rugby of the sth ; there was
also a note, hich appeared to belong to the envelope,
stating that a sovereign was enclosed. Another note
referred to a half-sovereign, and a third was addressed
to " Miss Sculthorpe, Mrs. Betts's, Rugby," bearing
the Tamworth postmark of December 3d, and the
Rugby of December 4th, in which was enclosed a pair
of gloves. Prisoner, upon being questioned, said "he
did not know how he came by them." Witness after-
wards searched the house occupied by the prisoner, when
he found upwards of one hundred letters addressed to
various persons at Rugby, and two or three addressed
to different individuals at Oxford, besides fragments of
others, in a partially consumed state, in the fire-place up
stairs ; in addition to these there were a great number
of newspapers addressed to persons in Rugby, and also
two silver pencil-cases, besides a variety of jewellery,
&c.—Robert Henry Fry is a wine and spirit merchant at
Rugby ; Recollected prisoner coming to his shop about
eight o'clock in the morning of the sth instant, when he
brought a letter, after which he had two glasses of
sherry •, he threw down half a sovereign and received
the full change out.—Charles Giradot is a scholar at
Rugby school, and resides in the house of the Rev. John
Peerose. Witness did not receive the letter ad-
dressed to him, and containing a sovereign, nor had he
seen it before it was shown to him by inspector Stan-
ley.—Elizabeth Beasley received 9d. from prisoner on
Friday morning, in payment of a debt that he owed.
He gave her a sovereign, and she returned him the
change that was due. Sufficient evidence having been
given to justify the Court in remanding the prisoner,
his further examination was adjourned to Thursday next,
to allow time for those parties who reside at a distance to
come forward and identify the several articles that were
found in possession of the prisoner. A case of so fla-
grant and serious a description has not occurred in the
neighbourhood within the memory of the " oldest inha-
bitant," and the interest excited is consequently of a
corresponding nature. The Court was crowded to suf

focatio.n during the whole of the proceedings, whilst the
pressure on the outside was so great that those persons
who were in front were forced against the windows,
which were broken.

We have great satisfaction in being enabled to an-
nounce that an event, calculated tostrengthen the affectionate
attachment of the people to the throne, and at the same time

increase the happiness of her Majesty's domestic circle, may
be expected to take place early in April next.—Post.
SHOOTING IN EPPING FOREST.—At the Ilford
Petty Sessions, held on Saturday last, William Blake and
Thomas Greenwood, the former landlord of the East India
Arms, High-street, Poplar, and the latter also a publican in
the same neighbourhood, appeared to an information laid
against them under the Game Act, for being, on the 20th of
November, found in Hainault Forest beating for game, the
property of her Majesty the Queen, by which they had ren-
dered themselves liable to a fine of 2/. each. The defendants
pleaded guilty to being in the forest, but denied that they
were beating for game. William Labour, a keeper, proved
that on the day named he was on duty in that part of the
forest called " The Martin," when he heard the report of a
gun proceed from the " bogs." He went there and saw the
two persons at the bar walking by the bog with a dog; the
dog going before beating for game. Having ascertained
from Mr. Paulin, who came up at the time, that they had
given their names, he allowed them to go, and laid the pre-
sent information. In answer to the charge, the accused par-
ties denied that they were beating for game. They had met
Mr. Paulin, who had told them that they had no business
there ' • and they were leaving when the gamekeeper came up.
They had had no sport, and that was their first appearnce in
the forest. Mr. Paulin said that he held a deputation from
her Majesty to shoot in the forest; but, owing to the great
number of trespassers recently, the game was nearly all de-
stroyed. With respect to the accused saying that that was
the first time they had been in the forest, it was most strange
that they should be able to find the only part of the forest
where any snipes were to be found. After some remarks the
Bench fined the defendants 10s. each and costs, which was
immediately paid.
SINGULAR DEATH BY SUFFOCATION AT ENFIELD.
—On Saturday Mr. Higgs held an inquest at the Red Lion,
Enfield highway, on the body of Mr. William Herbert, aged
sixty-five, a master butcher. Mr. Frederick Amey, landlord
of the house, stated that deceased came there on Thursday
evening last, about seven o'clock, perfectly sober, and hav-
ing drunk a moderate quantity of grog and ale, left at ten
o'clock, intending to return home. He did not do so, and
at midnight, his family becoming alarmed, came to the pub-
lic-house to look for him. Not, of course, being there, a
second search took place, and on the following morning he
was found at the end of the public-house yard, lying flat,
with his face immersed in some liquid manure six inches
deep that flowed through a drain from the privy. Hiswatch,
twelve sovereigns, and some silver were found safe upon his
person. How he got into the yard was inexplicable. Ver-
dict, "Accidentally suffocated.',
LOCK.-JAW BY GAPlNG.—Yesterday morning, be-
tween eight and nine o'clock, a young man, named obert
Bull, aged thirty, a harness-maker, of Rural-place, Mile-
end-road, was gaping whilst he was sitting at breakfast with
his family, and was seized with lock-jaw. He was removed
to the London Hospital, and after several hours' exertion the
surgeons succeeded in relaxing the muscles.
ACCIDENT TO A SUB-MARINE ELECTRICAL TELE-
GRAPH.—We mentioned on Saturday, that the wires of the
electro-magnetic telegraph were laid on the bed of the East
River, encased in a leaden tube. We regret now to announce that
the connection between the shores is already severed. The ship
Charles, from Liverpool, on Saturday afternoon, brought up
the coil on the flukes of the anchor. The great weight caused
the sailor boys to heave with a will, and when it began to
wriggle and writh near the surface, they thought they had
caught the veritable sea serpent himself. Ropes were in im-
mediate demand, but before they could be used the pipes and
wires parted, and the two shores are as distant as ever they
were.—New York Commercial.

SERIOUS ACCIDENT AT NEWBURY.—As Mr. W.
Somerset, Marlborough, Wilts, a large grazier, farmer, and
dealer, was going to the cattle show held here on Friday,
driving a spirited horse in his gig, down the hill approaching
Speenhamland, there meeting a carriage, Mr. Somerset's
horse took fright, running furiously into the town of New-
bury, dashing with frightful speed until he ran the wheels
of the chaise against a lamp-post, throwing out Mr. Somer-
set; upon his being taken up and conveyed to a surgeon's
(one happening to be near), it was discovered the fall bad
caused s fearful wound on his head, and other parts of his
body. lie was taken up quite insensible, with but little
hopes of his recovery, and is still remaining in a very pre-
carious state up to this time (Saturday). The chaise was
dashed to pieces, and the horse also much hurt. It was pro-
vidential no further mischief was done, the streets being at
the time exceedingly croweed with people, having come to
Newbury to view the fat stock then and there exhibiting.
CORN-LAW FACTS.—In 1836, when the average
priceof wheat was 40s. per quarter, the poor-rates of Salford
amounted to 5,200/. ; while in 1840, when wheat was 68s. 6d.
per quarter, the poor-rates amounted to 17,100/. Let the
rate-payers and the poor, whose increased distress called for
these increased demands, judge whether low or high prices
are most for their advantage.
Two CROPS OF POTATOES IN A YEAR.—Early in
the month of March, Mr. Peter Johnson, shoemaker, Letham,
planted out a plot of ground in his garden with the ash-
leaf early potatoes, which he found fit for use by the end of
June, when the ground was cleared of them. On the Istplanted
a
of
)
July, the ground being again well prepared, he
crop of the common second earlies, which grew rapidly and
promised a fair return. They were lifted on the Ist of No-
vember, and turned out about an average crop.r lie laid
aside a portion of both kinds for seednexv-ea Fifeshirhich
e
ap-
peared to be perfectly free of any kind of d
Journal.
TimE GLASGOW WESTSRN BANK.—Yesterday morn-
ing (Friday) the bank opened earlier than usual, ready and
prepared to meet every
.demand upon it, on the instant ; but
the absurd panic had fairly subsided, and the business of the
bank—one of the most respectable in the kingdom—quietly
proceeded as usual. We do not believe that a single mer-
chant or manufacturer of this city, of any standing or intelli-
gence, was in the slightest degree affected by it, or counte-
nanced it in any manner of way. If such there be, " go, mark
him well !" On the contrary, we believe that every intelli-
gent merchant and manufacturer scouted it from the very
first, as well they might. But it is clear that some malicious
persons or other have been at the bottom of this business,
and we hope they will be found out and exposed, and sig-
nally punished. It is the duty of the bank to endeavour to
trace them out, and to bring them to public justice; and it is
the duty of all the banks to make common cause in the same
way, for the fraud (it is a fraud to originate and propagate a
false statement injurious to the community) may affect the
bank more or less. We say this because the banking system
of Scotland is now founded on the safest principles, and he is
a foe to his country that would insidiously attempt to assail
or undermine it in any way.—Scotch Reformers' Casette.
LETTERS TO BEY ROUT.—On Monday notice WAS
issued by command of her Majesty's Postmaster-General,
that henceforward letters posted in the United Kingdom, and
addressed to Beyrout by French packet via Marseilles, may
be forwarded either paid orunpaid todestioation, atthe option
of the sender,

_____,..........,%,,:.,.-....,„,„,,,,,, .1.4 i
i RAILWA.Y SIIARE MARIi.ETS. • N.
LIVERPOOL, DEC. 8. ' -'7 '7 e-%A
_ .. . ft ... s.,
- - ,
_..-"" - ,
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales had,are—BirkO Lan- - ... , \
cashire, and Cheshire, 414 p.—Caledonia ',•"37-p.—Ches- N ‘'-" ‘sf \
ter and Birkenhead, Nw 20L Shares 13.—Derby. =1
~-41-:.4 •
and Crewe, 21h p.—Edinburgh and' 'goir; Hillf-i. '''' '
Shares, 8 p.—Edinburgh and Perth, Ip. god Jung" -',,
tion, 234—Ditto, Quarter Shares, 3214 p. IDitf4 -
Quarter Shares, 3134 p.-401. Shares (L D)
' 140 Union, ls. p.—Goole and Doncaster, par— At.; Canal and Railway, 4 p.—Liverpool anti Leeds Discs
—Liverpool, Onnskirk and Preston, 2 ry.=-Leindon .-London ir-
mingham, 2t2—Leeds and Thirsk. Z.q( p—Manchester and
Binningha:n, 70—Manchester, Midland, and Great Grimsby,
13s. 6d. p.—Manchester and Leeds, Fifth Shares, 1014 p.—
Manchester and Southampton, 11h p.—Northumberland and
Lancashire, 16s. d.—Nottinghani and Boston, 1 p.—Notting-
ham and Grantham, 1, p.—Sheffield and Manchester, 119—
Ditto, Quarter Shares, No. 3 (scrip), 3% p.—Shrewsbury
and Herefordshire, Is. 6d. d.—South-Eastern and Dover,
Consolidated Thirds, 214 p.—Ditto, Half Shares, 19s. p.—
Trent Valley, 14:i p.—West Riding Union, 4 p.—Dublin and
Drogheda, 514 p.—Dutch Rhenish, 21/2 p.—Paris and Lyons
(Latitte's), 1h p.

MANCHESTER, DEC. 8.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Birkenhead, Lanca-
shire, and Cheshire, 7N—Blackburn, Darwen, and Bolton, 8
—Boston, Newark, and Sheffield, 23/4—Cambridge and Lin-
coln, 37/B—Derby and Crewe, s—Eastern Counties, 2014
Fleetwood, Preston, and West Riding Junction, 22s—Goole,
Doncaster, Sheffield, &c., 42s.—Lancashire and North York-
shire, 445. 6d.—Liverpool and Bury, 22,14 c.—Liverpool,
Warrington, Manchester, and Stockport, 325.-Illancliester,
Buxton, and Matlock, 92s Manchester and Birmingham,
7014—Manchester and Leeds, 124—Ditto, Fifths, 12—North
Staffordshire, Si. 2s.—Wakefield, Pontefract, and Goole, 26
West Hiding Union, 6/. 14s. 6d.
LEEDS, DEC. 8.
STOCK ExcirAxam—The sales are—London and Croydon,
1814—Manchester and Leeds, Fifth Shares 10 p.—Great
Grimsby and Sheffield, 10—Huddersfield and 'Sheffield, 16%
—Leeds and Bradford Extensions, 43—Leeds and Dewsbury,
18 c. n.—Leeds and Thirsk, 914—North British, New Car-
lisle Branch, 2—Wakefield, Pontefract, and Goole, 26 c. n.—
Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth, par—Cambridge and Lin-
coln, 4—Liverpool, Ormsk irk, and Preston, 4 11. i—W est Riding
Union, 61. 6s.—Chelmsford and Bury, 10s. dis.—Grand
Union, 2s. 6d. p.—Lancashire and North Yorkshire, 2s. Gd.
p —Leeds and York, 7s. 6d. dis.—Liverpool, Manchester, and
Newcastle Junction, 4—Manchester, Buxton, Matlock, and
Midland, 214 p.—Northumberland and Lancashire Junc-
tion, ss. dis.—North Staffordshire, s—North Western, .2X
—Nottingham, Erewash, and Ambergate, 2—SouthMid-
lands, 31A p.—Wakefield and Harrogate, 12s. Gd. p.
YORK, DEC. 8.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—York and North Mid-
land Extension, 2614—Newcastle and Berwick, 11—North
British, Dalkeith, 5%-London and York, 3%—Leicester
and Bedford, 1%.

BRISTOL, DEC. 8.
STOCK EXCITANGE.—The sales are—Bristol and Exeter,
s,B—Bristol and South Wales Junction, 21. 16s. 3d.—Cale-
donian, 14 with new,—North Devon, 134.
SHEFFIELD, DEC. 8.
STocx EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Great North of Eng-
land, 101—Sheffield and Manchester, Quarter Shares No. 3,
51/2—London and Windsor, 16s.—Manchester, Sheffield, and
Midland Junction, s—North Western, 2%.
HULL, DEC. 8.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Hull and Selby, Half
Shares, 18/. 1 ls. 3d.—Cambridge and Lincoln, 314—1u1l and
Barnsley Junction, 42s.—Nottingham and Erewash, &c.,
214—Nottingham, Belvoit, and Grantham, 214—South Mid-
land, 51.25.

HUDDERSFIELD, DEC. 8.
Srocit ExcitaxcE.—The sales are—Huddersfield and
Sheffield Junction, 16—West•Riding Union, 67i—Clitheroe
Junction, 3%—North and South Junction, 21—North Staf-
fordshire, PA—NorthWestern, 11.19 s Midlands,3%

MELANCHOLY ACCIDENTS TO
LEIGH VESSELS.

Considerable gloom has been thrown over the fishing
town of Leigh by the loss of two boats belonging to
that place, attended with loss of life. On Tuesday,
intelligence was received that the Wave, having on
board Captain Jabez Quilter and a lad, had taken in
sprats below the Nore, and proceeded on its voyage
to London, when a sudden squall caught the boat
just below Tilbury Fort, and upset it ; the boy im-
mediately divested himself of his boots and upper
clothing, and prepared to swim to the shore, •but at
the intreaty of the captain he remained with him as
long as he could, in the meantime endeavouring to
persuade him, but without eff(ct, to strip and take
two fir oars which happened to be on board, to as-
sist him on shore. At length the lad reached the
shore, greatly exhausted, the cries of the captain, who
perished, ringing in his ears for help. After passing
a night in a shed, he was found by some persons who
kindly supplied him with clothes and sent him home to
Leigh. Information of the second disaster was re-
ceived on Friday to the effect that the Hazard, with
Captain Jacob Gilson and Joseph Cotgrove, both single
men, had sunk at the Shears, six miles below the
Nore, while taking in sprats for London. The
Hazard was built about two years ago by Mr. John
Gilson, baker, of Leigh, for his son, the captain,
who has now been lost in her. Much sympathy is
expressed for Mr. Gilson, who about ten years ago
lost his eldest son, who perished with three other
hands in an oyster smack ; and about four months
since another son was lost by the boat in which he
was shrimping being run down by a Portuguese brig,
for which the pilot will be tried for mdnslaugter at the
next assizes. The Wave, we learn, was raised on
Saturday, with loss of masts and spars, and taken
to Leigh ; but in the course of the operations two
sailing beats were stove, and a small skiff was broken
to pieces and totally lost. Jabez Quilter, who was
about 30 years of age, has net yet been found. It ap-
pears he was about five feet four inches high, and had
a dark complexion and dark hair, with a white lock
intermixed. His dress was an oil frock and petticoat
trousers, water-boots, and a Guernsey frock. The
Hazard, it is feared, will not be recovered, but Mrs.
Brazier, of the Hope Tavern, Southend, has lent a
barge to endeavour to raise it. The bodies of neither of
the men lost in her have been found. They were both
about twenty years of age, and each about five feet five
inches high ; they were dressed in blue Guernseys, Cot-
grove having on duck trousers and a dress frock, and
Gilson drab trousers and nearly new boots.—Essex
Herald.