The Sun.
London, England, 1828-09-27 00:00:00

repetition of the phrases of " Prote3tant-Constitur
tion," and " Protettatit Azt2endancy," be led tel*-
lieve that it can ever be necessary to the security of
the Constitution, or, ,to the prevalence
.of Pro-
testantism, that the rights of seven millions of good
§ubjects should
„be systematically _withheld. The
more the subject is discussed, the more dearly they
will perceive that the essence of Protestantism is

the recognition of the right (f private judgment on
.points of faith ; and that to subject men to civil ex-
clusion, or any kind of persecution on account of
their religion, so far froth being characteristics! of a
" Protestant Constitution," is directly at variance
with such a Constitution ; is in fact nothing better

than an execrable and Popish invasion of the rights
of conscience. They will perceive that it is an idle
sophism to call the exclusive laws, as'they are often
called, perhaps from fraud, perhaps from ignorance,
" the essential and fundamental principles of the
Constitution Tii Church and State,"—inasmuch as
those laws are only casual and incidental blemishes
in a Constitution otherwise free, intended by our
ancestors as temporary expedients
,to meet a
temporary difficulty, and not only unsuited to
the present times, but unworthy, from their
very nature, t..) form part of a perma-
nent and comprehensive system of Govern-
ment. In short, the argument of the exclusionists
being absolutely worthless, his Grace and his worthy
coadjutors will find it vain to attenipt to persuade
the people to the contrary. The real progress of
improvement (to use the " jargon" which his Grace
hates—hating the thing signified by it still more)
has been so great that the bulk of the community
are more competent now than they ever were to dis-
tinguish between reason and absurdity—a provoking
fact to those of their superiors in rank, who have
no better means of preserving their ancient but
hourly decreasing influence, than by appealing to
party watch-words, senseless fallacies, and antiquated
prejudices.
But what is the country to do with this invete-
rate old party, who are continually placing them-
seves in the breach to obstruct every species of im-
provement, and deafening us with the cry that in-
novation is necessarily destruction, and assuring us
by all that is sacred, that if we wipe the dust from
General MooßE's statue, St. Paul's Cathedral will
inevitably fall about our ears ? We must do, Sir,
what has often been done before with people of this
class: we must improve our institutions in spite of
them, and then leave the alarmists to die a natural
death. The Newtonian system of astronomy was
once opposed by just such a knot of incorrigibles as
our No-Popery men ; but the Newtonians believed
in the power of argument, they convinced all whose
minds were accessible to truth, they succeeded with
the young, the ingenuous, and the unprejudiced,
and they trusted their cause to time. The conse-
quence was that their cause triumphed as truth is
wont to do, the patrons of absurdity died off one
by one, (the last lately), and the world is now

Newtonian.
Will the Duke of WELLINGTON be iutimidatei
in the course which his best friends intimate that he
has adopted by the clamours of such politicians as
these ? Shall we have to congratulate him on
eclipsing the glory of his military victories by the
more valuable conquests of enlightened legislation,
or must we wait for the better times of his succes-
sor ? These questions must be left for his Grace
himself to answer, in the course 'of the ensuing
Session.

1 am, Sir, your obedient servant,
Sept. 25, 1628. . MARCUS.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

• FRENCH PAPERS.
(From the Gazette de France, dated Sept., 25. )

PARIS, SEPT. 24.—We have just received a letter
horn Constantinople, dated 29th August. This
letter informs us that the Grand Vizier took with
him to the camp at Shumla, reinforcer entS to the
amount of 40,000 men. Every thing indicates that
the Turks have taken the firm resolution to fight to
the last extremity. Baron D'Ottenfels, the Austrian
Internimcio, has just been instructed by Prince Met-
ternich to make new endeavours to induce the Porte
to accede to the Treaty of 6th July, in what con-
cerns Greece, and to open negociatiens with Russia
relative to those points which concern that power
exclusively. Baron D'Ottenfels thinks, that in the
present state of public opinion at Constantinople,
any application to the Ottoman Government will
not prove successful. The news received. at Con-
stantinople from the army, cannot but increase the
obstinacy of the Mussulmen.
We have received to-day the following letter, con-
taining further particulars of the expedition to the
Morea _

" CAMP AT PETALIDI, SEPT. 4.—The landing
was effected without opposition. -We have not seen
the shadow of a Turk or an Egyptian. We are
encamped within musket shot of the shore, partly
on same eminences, and partly on a plain near seve-
ral rivulets, which supply excellent water. We are
in want of nothing, with respect to subsistence, and
the inhabitants bring us all possible refreshments,
on payment; but we have only some branches of
trees to shelter us; all the houses being burnt; and
the Greeks---men, women, and children—are en-
camped under the trees with their arms, and the few
effects which the war has left them. Happily the
weather is fine, which renders the bivouac support-
able. The whole of the first division arrived with-
out any accident whatever, after a very fortunate
voyage of eleven or twelve days. The soldiers are
gay and in good health.
" We have been informed that the garrison of
Corot' has retired, and fallen back to Medon. We
do not yet know what the army will do, but it is
not probable it will quit its present encampment in
less than five or six days. Nothing is yet finally
settled respecting Ibrahim, and what remains of his
army. The news from Constantinople announce
that the Divan will not yield in any point, or on
any account, and that it sends very hostile orders
to the Pachas and Agas of the north of Greece.
It is added that the Albanians are willing to march,
but on condition that they shall first receive their
arrears of pay."
ODESSA, SEPT. s.—The. Emperor has been de-
tained since the 2d by contrary winds, and could
not sail for Varna till yesterday. The projected
attack which was fixed for the 9th may, therefore,
be delayed some days.
(From the Moniteur, dated Sept. 24.)
SITUATION ,OF' THE RUSSIAN ARMY.

The Russian bulletins of to-day confirm what has
been said previously on the check suffered before
Shuinla. Because the check is to be attributed to
General Wrede, the check is not the less real, It
also appears from the bulletin that the two armies
have exchanged characters; that._ the offensive atti-
tude has passed from the Russians to the side of the
Turks. Although , the official account appears to
attach but little importance to the last attack of the
' Turks,' one circumstance clearly indicates that its
result has been serious : that is, the retreat of Gen.
Rudiger, who being attacked at Eski-Stamboul, and
• having victoriously repulsed attacks, has not the less
quitted his position in order to unite with the troops.
which observed Shumla. 'I he importance of Eski-.
Stamboul had been much boasted of; it had the advan-
tage,it was said, of disturbing the rear of the Turks and
checking their communications, which is true, as the
moment it was evacuated new reinforcements entered
Shumla. But the more important the situation was,the
more inclined we must be to believe that the Russians