The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-09 00:00:00

Mr. MALTBY said be should remand the prisoners for
a few days.
Mr. Clarkson said he presumed the remand could
only be for the purpose of preparing the depositions, and
therefo,re his future attendance would be unnecessary.
Ann Cummins, an Irishwoman, was charged by the
parish authorities of St. George, Hanover-square, with
having deserted her four children in the street, and with
having previously stripped them of their clothing fur-
nished by the parish.
Lacy, the messenger of the parish, said the woman's
husband had deserted her for some time. The parish
had several times taken the woman and her children
into the house, and clothed and supported them at the
expense of the parish. The practice of the woman was
to take her children out of the workhouse, strip them of
their clothes, and then leave them in the street. The last
occasion on which, the woman so acted was very recent,
and the parish had resolved to proceed against her for
her misconduct. The children were now in the work-
house, and well taken care of.
The woman said she wanted the parish to find her
husband. She denied having sold any of the clothes
given to her and her children by the parish, except a
flannel petticoat, which she was willing to pay for.
Mr. MALTBY sent her to prison for a fortnight.
MARYLEBONE.

bonnet and cloak on, and asked witness, in case
she heard any noise in deceased's room, to look in.
Witness said she would. Witness heard no more noise
after, though she stood on the landing-place and listened.
When Mrs. Gage came she heard her cry out in the room,
" Oh, my mother is dead !" Witness did not go into
the room but ran for a doctor. Witness had not the
presence of mind to ask the prisoner the meaning of the
cries she had heard from Mrs. Mundell. The old lady
was not accustomed to cry out so. Prisoner had lived
three months with deceased.
Edward Gage, a private in the Foot Guards,
is the husband of Ann Gage. The first time he
had any suspicion of murder was on Monday even-
ing, when he was pulling out the bed-sacking out of the
bedstead on to the floor, for the purpose of laying out
the body. fle'saw something which he thought was not
proper. When the bed was turned over he saw a great
deal of wet on the under side of the bed, and two folds of
sacking that had been under the bed were wetted
through. The upper side of the bed was quite dry, but
the sheets, on examination, were found to be wet. The
female who laid the deceased out would not touch the
body till a surgeon was sent for. Witness went for Mr.
Atkinson, but he did not think it necessary for her to go.
On Wednesday, about eleven o'clock, they went to see
deceased. Prisoner went with them, shuddering, and
kissed the corpse, and said, closing her hands, as in the
form of supplication, " God knows all !" Prisoner
then said she had a 51. note—she was going a shopping.
Witness asked her to allow him to go and get change
over the way, as the landlord of the house knew him.
Prisoner had promised witness the loan of a sovereign.
Prisoner refused, and went herself to get change at a
public-house (the Blue-coat Boy). She came back and
said the gentleman had played a trick on her. She said
he had given her a Bank of Elegance note instead
of a Bank of England note, and prisoner
asked what she should do with it. He bade her
go back immediately. Prisoner asked him to go with
her. He asked to look at the note. She hesitated, and
then gave it to him. The moment he saw it he recog-
nised it, by two marks of grease, as one he had seen in
his mother-in-law's possession. Witness then went home
to put on his regimentals to go across the Park with
prisoner. Prisoner made excuse that she wanted to go
and see the people where she had obtained the note, and
on the way proposed to go and see Jim, a soldier in the
same company with him. He objected, and they went
on, through the Horse Guards, up towards Charing-
cross, where she fell back on witness's arm, and said she
was so ill sho could go no further that day. He said if
she could go no further he must get the assistance of a
policeman. " Good God!" she said, " don't call a police-
man; I will try and go further." Witness then assisted
her across the road, and she then fell back in his arms.
Prisoner said, " I can't keep it no longer. I murdered
the poor old lady, and deprived your wife of a good mo-
ther." Witness had suspicion of her, but did not let
prisoner know this. She then caught hold of witness,
and asked him to pray for her guilty soul, and forgive
her. Witness then called out for a policeman, and gave
her in charge. Witness knows the note, and
has identified the one produced in Court as the one he
had in his hands repeatedly from the deceased.
He had asked deceased why she should keep them.
" Oh," she said, " they are no harm, and not heavy to
carry about." Saw deceased on the Saturday before in
good health.
• Elizabeth Stevens, 5, Prince's-court, Commercial-
road, Lambeth, said on Wednesday last, about one
o'clock in the afternoon, she was going to Bayswater.
She passed the soldier and prisoner in Whitehall, where
the latter fell back in his arms, and said, " Oh, I have
done it, I have done it, for God's sake pray for my
soul." Witness was then asked by the soldier to find a
policeman.
Mr. Atkinson, surgeon, 16, Armondy-terrace, said he
had known the deceased for about two years, when he
attended her husband, who was dying. Deceased had
not been attended by him. Her health was generally
good and her spirits even. Was asked to attend the
body twenty minutes past eight o'clock on Monday
morning. His assistant, being in the surgery, went.
In consequence of what he said, witness went himself a
quarter before nine o'clock. On entering the room he
found the body on a box two feet and a nalf long; the
spine and the back part of the head rested on
it. He wished to ascertain whether death had been
caused by hanging or strangulation. The cord by
this time had been removed. Supposing the deceased
had committed suicide, he tried whether the pegs above
could have supported her hanging, but they could not.
He then examined whether strangulation had' taken
place. This he was convinced was the mode of death, for
the cord had been passed twice round the neck and
tightened from behind, as a part there was left un-
marked. The two lines were visible round: one-half
the neck in front, but on the back only one mark was
visible. He found no marks on the bands of deceased
made by the strong power requisite to produce the marks
on the neck, and he saw no place on which deceased
could be suspended. There were scratches on the upper
lip, as though done by the deceased in the effort to get
air when being suffocated. The cord produced corre-
sponds with the mark on the neck. Had death come by
hanging, the marks, instead of :being horizontal, would
have been slanting, and crossing as they did the cacti-
lege, which is vulgarly called Adam's apple, the deceased
might thereby have had power to cry out. From the
state of the bed described by Gage, Mr. Atkinson would
conclude that deceased had died on the bed.
The MAGISTRATE then committed the prisoner to take
her trial for the murder of Mrs. Mundell, at the Central
Criminal Court.
William Daer, who keeps a shop, 8, Queen's-build-
ings, Knightsbridge, said he found that, for the three past
Sundays, his till had been robbed, while himself and his
wife were at chapel. He set himself and the police to
detect the thief, and for this purpose marked the money
left in the till on Saturday night last. He saw the
same money in the till five minutes before eleven in the
forenoon of Sunday, and missed it immediately after
coming from chapel. No one was left in the house ex-
cept the female servant, nor could any one get into the
shop without her leave. Mr. Daer has a moveable par-
tition which he always put up and fastened on the Satur-
day night, the door in which was locked with a patent
lock, and prevented access to the shop where the till
was. On Snnday forenoon the female prisoner was left
alone in the house at the hour for worship •, policeman
2 B, being in concert with the complainant, kept ways,b,
and saw the stable-boy, William Knigh , come about
half-past twelve o'clock and pull the bell. The female
prisoner, Mary Maley, admitted him.
Mr. Daer, on coming home, was told of what had
happened. Both the prisoners were in the house when
he went in, and he found upon examination of the till
that 14s. 6(1. marked money, and a fourpenny-piece, un-
marked, were gone. Mary Maloy, on being accused, said
she had not gone to the till, and did not have the
money. When Knight, who had left the house, was
found, the policeman got from him the money in ques-
tion, besides quantities of candid orange-peel, figs, and
citron. The female now admitted having allowed him
to take the fruit, but not the money, and showed police.
man that the boy got into the shop by taking down one
of the boards which line the back of the counter, a mode
of entrance not suspected by Mr. Daer. In a drawer in
the kitchen, where the female prisoner admitted having
secreted some articles, was found some tea and sugar,
and in her box a quantity of isinglass and prunes, to•
gether with four books, which complainant believed to
be his also. The amount taken in all, including the
money, might be 18s. Mr. Daer seemed to have had a
high opinion of the boy Knight. He had got him from St.
George's-school, and during the three years which the
prisoner has spent in his service he had never had any
occasion to suspect him of anything improper.
Both prisoners were committed to take their trial.
Jacobus Bordeau, a Frenchman, charged two young
prostitutes with stealing his gold watch.
One of the girls, he said, met him on Saturday night,
and took him to her room, where he was, altogether,
three or four hours. Another girl, however, who had a
black eye, had come in to the same room, and was em-
ployed by the Frenchman to go out for some beer with
a shilling which he had given her. M. Bordeau said he
could talk some English. De girl not wid de black eye
cut my guard ; I did not have feeling of it in de moment;
she had her arm—(here M. Bordeau threw himself in
the attitude of embracing round the neck.) De girl wid
de black eye was so long away ; when she came back
she was wid four or five men. Ido not know how much
(many) de four or five men came into de room, and de
front man charged me one shilling for de room. No, I
shays ; and do girl widde black eye shays,' You shall
pay de shilling for de room, dis is de master ortle room."
I shay, I have no shilling, I have but ono crown. De
man shay he give me shange, and I give him de crown.
He 1 iy down on de table tree sixpences, and shay he had
no more, he would go and fash (fetch) more shange.
When dat man go out, de next man come forward and
put de tree sixpences in his pocket. De girl
wid de black eye den shay, " You mustn't stay no
longer in de room." I say I shall no go down de stairs
till I got my shange. " You may stay," she said, " sho
long as you like," and dey all go out. I den feel for my
watch, it was away. De man could not take it.
The policeman who took them in charge, said, on
being called in, he found the girl without the black eye
in the room, and took her in charge. She said she had
not stolen the watch, it was the other. This other was
taken into custody afterwards, but the watch had not
been found.
The Magistrate remanded them till Monday next,
which was duly communicated by the officer in Court to
Monsieur in the best French he was master of—that is,
in Westminster English, with an additional strain of the
voice, and an attitude intimating anxiety to inform the
gallant foreigner.

Society had both been altered to 10/., and he was unable
to give any conjecture by whom the alteration had been
made.
Mr. Dunning, the secretary to the Bookbinders'
Society, proved that at various periods during the
Litter end of the year 1844, and the commencement
of 1845, he made four payments of 101. to the defendant,
as secretary of the Mitcham Club, in repayment of the
money that had been advanced by them.
In cross-examination, the witness said that the money
was advanced to assist the men against their masters
during a strike.
Mr. Hill then made some further inquiries as to
whether a sum of 1,500/. had not been expended for the
same object ? but
Mr. Humphries objected, and contended that an in-
quiry of this description was entirely irrelevant, as the
magistrates had nothing to do with the question whether
the society, or the object for which the money was
advanced, was legal or illegal, but the only point at
issue was, whether the defendant had embezzled
the money or not. The magistrates decided that they
should not go into the question of the legality or ille-
gality of the object for which the money was advanced,
but should confine themselves strictly to the question of
embezzlement.
Mr. Hill then said he should have argued that under
the circumstances the bench had no jurisdiction, and
that the charge ought not to be entertained, but as the
bench were of a contrary opinion, he should not, of
course, argue the point.
The MAGISTRATES, after a short deliberation, said they
thought there was sufficient evidence to warrant them
in sending the case for further investigation, but they
should take the personal recognizance of the defendant
in 401., with two sureties in 201. each, for his appearance
at the assizes to answer the charge.

Wm. APCarthy, a corporal in the Royal Marines, sta-
tioned at Deptford, and who was for some time a constable
in the D division of police, was brought up in custody, and
placed at the bar, charged with having stabbed in the eye
with his bayonet a young man named John Muggeridge.
Prior to any evidence being gone into, Inspector Tedman
handed to the Magistrate a certificate from one of the sur-
geons at Middlesex Hospital, which set forth that the suf-
ferer was, owing to a wound inflicted upon him, unable to
attend.
Wm. Henright was the first witness examined, and his
statement was as follows :—I live at 15, Grafton-court.
Between nine and ten o'clock last night I was standing at
the corner of Girth-passage, and two girls were there, one
of whom was named Elisabeth Dibley. Prisoner was
there, and he spoke to one of the girls, when Dibley said
to her, " If you don't go away, and have nothing to say to
him, I'll tell your brother." Upon this the prisoner
slapped Dibley 's face, and she returned it ; Muggeridge,
the wounded man, came up, and said to the girl, " What's
the matter ? Come home with me, and if he follows us
we'll chuck him out of the window." Prisoner said,
" Will you ?" Muggeridge then repeated the threat,
the girl also saying, "So we will." The prisoner then
put his hand to his side, and drawing forth his bayonet,
made a thrust at Muggeridge, whom he stabbed some-
where in the head ; he then returned his bayonet to its
sheath.
Mr. RAP/LIMON—Did he say anything at the period
of his making the thrust as you have stated ? Witness.
—No, sir, and I don't know for Certain whether he
really intended to stab the man or not. When I saw the
stab I ran away.
Inspector Tedman said the witness told him at the
station-house that he saw the prisoner wilfully thrust
his bayonet into Muggeridge's eye.
He was remanded till Monday next.
On Saturday last, a man named Thos. Kent was
brought to this Court, charged with having quieted the
service of his master, Mr. Brown a baker, carrying on
business at No. 7, Chapel-street, Edgware-road, without
giving him proper notice.
The case was proved ; and
The Magistrate told the prisoner that unless he could
make his peace with his matter, he should be committed
for 14 days.
The parties retired into the outer office, but as they
could not come to any arrangement, the prisoner was
locked up. At five o'clock, the prisoner was conveyed
in the van to Clerkenwell, and shortly after his arrival
there, he became so ill as to render it necessary to call a
surgeon. He was promptly attended to, but in the
course of a few hours, he died from the effects of poison,
which he had taken on his way to his destination. A
phial, marked " poison," was found upon his person.
Mr. Chesterton, the Governor of the House of Correc-
tion came to the Court to-day, and had some conversa-
tion with Mr. Rawlinson, relative to the particulars con-
nected with the distressing case.

VICTIMISING at SOUTHAMPTON.
About a fortnight since, or a few days over that time,
a tall ex-military-looking man, about forty -five years of
age, with a rubicund countenance, and wearing an espe-
cially great coat, which even reached to his ankles,
honoured Mr. Solomon, of the Railway Hotel, opposite
the South-Western Terminus, with his custom. He
selected one of the best private rooms, breakfasted,
lunched, dined, teaed, and supped its a style which
showed he had been used to an epicurean table occasion-
ally, if not habitually. The landlady, the chambermaid,
the waiter, and the boots, were all delighted with the affa-
bility of " the military gentleman in 21;" while the inge-
nious cook was proud of the difficulties proposed in his
varied orders fur dinner. When a bill of about 12/. had
been accumulated in the bar-book, Mr. Solomon thought
it advisable to test the military chest, and on Monday
last the waiter apprised " the military gentleman
in 21," that he had to settle his monthly account with
his master, and should be glad of a settlement with him-
self. " Certainly," said the military gentleman ; " send
your master to me." Mr. Solomon,jun., presented him-
self and the account at the same time, upon which the
military gentleman took out his cheque-book, and drew
one for 201. on Coutts's Bank, looking as if he expected
to receive the change. On the son giving the cheque to
the father, the latter proceeded to " No. 21" himself, and
explained to its military occupant that it was dated
Southampton, and being out of the London boundary for
drawing cheques on London houses, was not legal. The
military gentleman apologised for the error and drew
another, dated London, signing his name " Keith An-
drews." He subsequently asked the waiter for the
change, but Mr. Solomon happened, unfortunately, to
be quite out of change at the moment. Mr. S. sent
the cheque up by the mail train at night, desiring
the messenger to apply at nine precisely at Coutts's,
and if the cheque was dishonoured to send a message by
telegraph from Nine Elms, apprising him of the fact.
The cheque was presented, and the messenger informed
that the party had no account, and that cheques had been
palmed off by a military gentleman of the same name,
upon (among other victims) the host of the Bedford
Hotel, Covent-garden. The messenger proceeded to
the Nine Elms station, delivered his message, and came
down in due course himself. Mr. Solomon was waiting
soon after nine at the Southampton station for a com-
munication, but as no one came, he felt assured that all
was right. Still his change did not come in so fast as to
make him press the difference upon Mr. Keith Andrews
till his messenger should arrive. Mr. Keith Andrews,
howevtr, did not press it. as he was going to pay an hour or
two's visit to Cowes, and desiring a fly to be sent for,
ordered dinner, which among other things embraced a
roast duck, which he desired might be seasoned accord-
ing to his particular directions, as a former one had not
been so piquantly flavoured in that regard as he could
have wished. Having got into the fly, he left ; but a
sort of misgiving came over the chambermaid on disco
vering that Mr. Keith Andrews had taken away his
hair-brush and comb, two shirts, and a Russia leather
case, which formed the whole of his camp and domestic
equipage. Mr. Solomon rushed to the railway—still there
was no communication—for the simple, but most unfor-
tunate reason, that the wires were out of order, or some
disarrangement or accident had taken place that
day—though, for aught we know for the first time.
The arrival of his messenger soon explained the mys-
tery ;—the stranger did not return to his exquisitely
seasoned duck. The next day Mr. Solomon received a
letter from Mr. Keith Andrews, dated Southampton,
but with the Winchester post-mark on it, in which the
writer begged Mr. Solomon's pardon, and to acknow-
ledge he had no account at Coutts'a—but he had drawn
on them at his son's request—(having an assortment of
cheque-books, of course), asking Mr. Solomon to keep
the little affair secret, as he should be in Southampton
again in about a week's time, and would call and settle.
Of course such a request, if complied with, would save
the military gentleman the immedate search of the po-
lice.—Hampshire Advel tiser.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVINII!TG, DECEMBER •, 1848.

REVIEW OF THE CORN TRADE.

BRITISH.

Sensitive as all parties have become by the constant
rumours of intended, alterations, the first shot on
Thursday made a great impression. The way in which
the attack was followed up was certainly not calculated
to weaken the belief that, by some means or other, the
Times had become possessed of information respecting
the doings at the late frequent meetings of the Cabinet
Council ; the subsequent announcement in the Standard
gave rise to hope, but did not allay fear ; and up to the
present moment the utmost doubt and uncertainty are
felt.

In this state of affairs, the regular course of trade has
been interrupted ; and so averse are all parties to enter
into fresh engagements whilst the important point re-
mains undecided, that business in corn has been com-
pletely paralysed.
At the principal provincial markets the effect has been
quite as serious as at Mark-lane ; and so shaken is public
confidence in the present Ministry, that nothing can now
be expected to put the trade on a sound footing, except
an official denial of the statements referred to. Even
before this new source of uneasiness came into play, the
going over of Lord John Russell and Lord Morpeth to
the League had male some impression on the minds of
holders of wheat, and the somewhat firm tone which cha-
racterised the trade last week was not maintained, busi-
ness being decidedly dull at several of the leading mar-
kets held on Tuesday and Wednesday.
The reports from Liverpool, of Tuesday, informed us
that sellers had begun to manifest a greater desire to
realise; whilst purchasers had displayed less inclination
to add to their stock. Wheat, consequently, fell id. to
to 2d. per Nibs., flour Is. per sack, meal Is. per load;
whilst prices of spring corn and pulse had also a down-
ward tendency on that day. Later in the week the
depression was materially increased by the news from
London, and on Friday business was at a complete stand.
From most of the other influential towns the advices
are of a similar character; and the well-grounded calcu-
lations of an advance in the value of agricultural pro-
duce have been for the present wholly upset by the mere
possibility of a legislative interference with the existing
state of things.
Under there circumstances it may not be altogether
useless to enter into an examination of the probable con-
sequences of a repeal of the corn-laws; we do not mean
the ultimate, but the immediate consequences. The
first point for consideration is, whether the abolition of
the duty would cause a larger present importation (the
presumption of which has unquestionably been the main
reason of the depression in prices). We think it will
not require very subtle reasoning to prove that, so far
from increasing the foreign supplies, the first effect must
be to throw greater difficulties in the way of our ob-
taining wheat from abroad, should we really need it.
When, some weeks ago, it was currently rumoured
that the British Government were about to issue an
order in Council to admit foreign corn free, prices imme-
diately advanced materially all over the Continent,
and we have no hesitation in asserting that the same
effect will be produced on the markets abroad by the
late accounts from thence. The orders which may have
been sent out will therefore remain unexecuted ; mean-
while the time is fast approaching when frost must put
a stop to shipments from the Baltic, and until the spring
we cannot reasonably calculate on receiving any quan-
tity from that quarter beyond that already bought. In
the Mediterranean the only ports at which there are any
available stocks of moment are Marseilles and Leghorn,
at both of which places prices were previously too high,
as compared with quotations here, to :tempt our mer-
chants. The prospect of a free trade with England
would be quite as sure to raise the value of the com-
modity there as elsewhere; and though shipments might
be made from thence throughout the winter, we feel
fully satisfied that in the first instance holders of wheat
would demand such extravagant rates as greatly to en-
hance the difficulties of obtaining large supplies. From
Canada nothing beyond what is now on passage can be
expected till next summer ; and by the latest accounts
from the United States we learn that flour had risen, on
the strength of the supposition that England would buy
largely, to fully the value of the article here. Whatever
therefore, might be the ultimate effect on prices of agri-
cultural produce, a present repeal of the corn-laws would
certainly not lessen the evils of scarcity and high prices
which the agitators for a repeal pretend to dread ; and
we would caution farmers not to be led away by a sense-
less panic to sacrifice their property through needless
alarm.

Contrary to what is customary just before Christmas,
when farmers generally require cash for a variety of
purposes, and therefore send supplies to market freely,
the arrivals of wheat coastwise into London have been
very small this week, only 3,284 quarters having been
reported up to this (Saturday) evening.
The quantity exhibited at Mark-lane by land car-
riage samples from the home counties has also been
trivial; notwithstanding which the trade has remained
in a very quiet state. Of the few runs shown on Wed-
nesday on the Essex and Suffolk stands —(from Kent
there was literally nothing offering)—only the best par-
cels could be placed at Monday's currency; and as fac-
tors were not inclined to accept less money for the ordi-
nary kinds, the extent of business transacted was unim-
portant. On Friday it would have been impossible to
have sold even by submitting to a material reduction;
and as holders did not place sufficient credence in asser-
tions to deem themselves warranted in accepting less
money, business was at a perfect stand. Holders of free
foreign wheat have also, up to the present, remained
firm, and being unwilling to take the reduced rates, at
which alone progress could have been made in the dis-
posal of the article, scarcely a bargain was closed either
on Wednesday or Friday. So far from speculation in
bonded wheat having ken increased by the rumours of
an intended alteration in the laws, the reverse has been
the case; importers have been induced thereby to insist
on higher terms, which, however, they have found it
impossible to realise, and even less has been done in the
article this than the preceding week.
Flour has become very difficult of disposal, and, though
no variation has occurred in quotations of town-mane-
facturei, country-made flour might have been bought on
rather easier terms at the close than in the commence-
ment of the week.

The arrivals of barloy have been quite moderate, and
the best malting qualities have been taken off at about
the currency of Monday last ; secondary and inferior
sorts have moved off somewhat tardily, still previous
prices have been nearly supported.
The transactions in matt have been on quite a retail
scale, and the value of the article has remained nomi-
nally unaltered.
The market has been rather sparingly supplied with
oats, and of the 16,464 quarters reported, a considerable
proportion came to hand previous to Monday's market.
There has, nevertheless, been a plentiful show of samples
at Mark-lane, a large quantity of the abundant supply re-
ceived from Ireland last month still remaining unsold. O❑

Wednesday it was difficult to induce the dealers to con-
tinue theeir purchases at Monday's reduction, and to
have sold largely on Friday a further decline must have
been submitted to. It is now pretty certain that the
duty on this grain will not fall below the present rate-
3s. per quarter—but whether the bonded stocks will be
entered for home consumption whilst there is a chance
of the corn•laws being altered is questionable.
Beans and peas have come to hand sparingly, and no
variation requiring notice has occurred in prices of these
articles since the beginning of the week.
FOREIGN.

By the most recent accounts from the principal Baltic
ports we learn that, under the belief that no immediate
alteration in the corn•laws was contemplated by our
Government, much of the excitement by which the grain
trade had been characterised in the early part of the
month of November had subsided ; and though the
smallness of the stocks had caused holders to remain
pretty firm, the tendency of prices had been decidedly
downwards.
Letters from Dantaic of the 29th ult. state that,
though an abatement of 2s. to 5a per qr. had been sub-
mitted to, comparatively little business had been done
during the week ; the latest sales had been at from 545.
to 575. for fine high mixed qualities, and fair mixed had
sold at from 51s. to 535. per qr., free on board. It was
estimated that the stock in granary at that port con-
sisted of about 200,000 qrs., comprising all descriptions

4a01cf22
November,
quality ad 021
unt ydg ; but it .was nCit expecied thit supplies of any
importance would come forward from Poland, as the
greatest scarcity was said to prevail both in the upper
and lower districts. At Warsaw prices were actually
higher than at Dantzie, wheat being worth 578., and rye
455. per qr. at that place.
The accounts from Konigsberg are of much the same
character as before, and there seems little chance of that
port ha
qv irnt anywere
esgraintm wheat,a
te dt o a
held
esparel3do,aotfooforr
from
qrs.,
ri
sps72,ysre.oehnftl
itaog.
wt
h6iyhoTteishel.hyheper
eeen
much
higher about
ucitsicarr
hy.e,
stock of corn in granary there was, at the close of
to
pricesquality.
ef barleyßye was n
de qouaatlsl
higher than in the British markets.
At the Lower Baltic ports fair supplies were, we are
informed, beginning to be brought forward by the
farmers, which, with the somewhat dull reports from
hence, had rendered sellers a little more reasonable in
their pretensions.
bhysAtot
orders
hßdraaeoovlrslefsiteocthdfherkgoet,on ml fineasB2Silesia,
s boughtt crop
fis
qualities
freeon
described
esofrhi
bewheat,eardda,
sa might,
very
rg o3hs. .t,
to
51
o n
fine.t e;
thels
quality t
i
Letters from Stettin, of the 26th and 29th, state that
renewed activity had been imparted to the grain trade,
0525. anocid. perthat qpr.rices of wheat had
again
At Hamburgh, on the 2d, the demand for wheat was
less active than the previous post day ; a few further
purchases had, however, been made for shipment. For
good soi to 611bs. red Seale, 525. 3d. per qr. free on
board had been paid, and corresponding rates for other
descriptions. For spring shipments little or nothing had
been done.
The advises from the Mediterranean are not so lively
this week, the news that no order in Council for the free
importation of grain had been, or was likely to be, issued
by the British Government, having greatly checked the
disposition to speculate.
.At Marseilles, on the 29th of November, business was
decidedly dull, and fine Polish Odes: a, weighing 611 to
621b5., might have been bought at 435. 6d. to 445. per
qr. free on board. Freight to England was, however,
7s. 6d. to 7s. 9d. per qr.
At Odessa, on the sth ult., great excitement continued
to prevail, and the price of wheat had actually been
driven up there 40s. per qr. free on board.—Mar k- lane
Express.

ACCIDENT TO TIIE LANCASTER AND CARLISLE
MAlL—Yesterday (Friday) morning, as the Lancaster and
Carlisle mail was coming down the hill on the other side of
Farleton, on its way to Kendal, one of the wheels came off,
and the horses were thrown to the ground. Fortunately the
coach was not upset, but remained on the three wheels, and
the passengers sustained no injury. The bags were forwarded
to Kendal in a post-chaise, which was procured with all
speed from Burton, and the passengers were conveyed on-
wards in a carriage from the same place.— Westmoreland
Gazette.

CULTIVATION OF COTTON IN

INDIA.

(From the Manchester Guardian.)

We are exceedingly glad to be enabled to communi
sate to our readers some facts of a very encouraging
nature, derived from the report of a deputation from the
Manchester Commercial Association, appointed to confer
with the Directors of the East India Company, on the
importance of an increased and improved supply of cotton
from India. The deputation consisted of the Chairman
of the Association, James Aspinall Turner, Esq.; Wil-
liam Steuart, Esq. ; James Atherton, Esq. ; and John
Peel, Esq.; and we learn from their report, made to the
Directors of the Commercial Association on Thursday
last, that having obtained an appointment with Sir Henry
Willock, the chairman, and Mr. Hogg, the deputy-chair-
man, of the Court of Directors, they waited upon these gen-
tlemen at the East India House on the 28th ult., and were
received by them in a manner which showed the import-
ance attached by the Court to the object of their mission.
The deputation, after referring to the interest manifested
about five years ago by the East India Company in the
improved cultivation of cotton, and the visits made by
the chairman, deputy-chairman, and other members of
the Court, to Liverpool and Manchester, for the pur-
pose of obtaining information on the subject, expressed
their full belief that that interest continued unabated ;
but observed, that they could not help expressing some
disappointment that so long a period had elapsed without
any appearance of the expected improvement, as the
cotton imported from India was as detective as ever, both
in quality and cleanliness. They observed that this dis-
appointment was strongly felt in the manufacturing
district, more especially at the present time, owing to
the critical position of our relations with the United
States. After pointing out at some length the deficiency
in the staple of the different varieties of East India
cotton, which were illustrated by samples, and adverting
to the loss and inconvenience sustained by cotton spin-
ners from the dirty and unmerchantablo state in which
East India cotton was too frequently received in this
country, the deputation expressed a desire to obtain in-
formation as to the prospects of an improved culture of
cotton in India, and to be favoured with the opinion of
the Court of Directors as to the ultimate success of the
efforts which they understood to have been used for that
purpose.
The Ceraiamart, in reply, expressed his satisfaction
that the deputation had done the Court of Directors the
justice to believe, that their attention and efforts had
already been directed to the important subject of im-
proving and extending cotton cultivation in India. He
assured the deputation that the Court was fully aware of
the importance of this subject both to this country and to
India, and that their continued efforts might be fully de-
pended on. He begged to remind the deputation, that
the East India Company were prevented now by law
from becoming either cultivators of the soil, or from
engaging in mercantile transactions ; that such occupa-
tions and undertakings must be conducted by private
capital and industry, aided and encouraged by the Com-
pany ; that the Company had not ceased, by all the
means in their power, to foster and promote such im-
provements as were practicable. That they had sent
out, at considerable expense to themselves, persons
competent to conduct experimental farms, and to in-
struct the native population in the better cultivation and
cleaning of their cotton; that they have provided a great
number of machines which had been lent to the natives;
that large quantities of uncleaned cotton had been pur-
chased from the growers, and resold to them, after hav-
ing been cleaned by the Company's machines, in order to
encourage them to procure and to use such machines
themselves. That the culture of cotton from American
seed had been carried on to a considerable extent; and
although it appeared that such cotton deteriorated in
quality in the Bengal and Madras districts, owing to the
want of a proper degree of moisture (an evil, however,
which might probably be remedied by proper irrigation),
it had been found that on planting the same seed i❑ the
Dharwar district, the cotton produced retained its
American character ; and that, moreover, the seed
raised from the plant grown in that district produced
cotton better than even that produced from the Ame-
rican seed originally planted. That it had been ascer-
tained, that this district of Dharwar was admirably
suited for the culture of cotton from American seed ;
that the climate there had been compared with the dis-
trict of the Mississippi ; that a very large surface of
land was available for the purpose ; and that, at the pre-
sent time, upwards of 15,000 acres were under cultiva-
tion, and producing cotton of superior quality. That it
appeared that this cotton being found to be of so su-
perior a quality to that usually grown, was eagerly pur-
chased by the native manufacturers, and that conse-
quently little of it comparatively had yet found its way
to this country. Anxious, however, that the English
spinners should have an opportunity of fairly testing its
qualities in comparison with American cotton, the Court
of Directors had sent out orders that 5,000 bales of the
best and cleanest cotton which could be procured, should
be purchased in each of the three presidencies, and
shipped to this country. The deputation were reminded
that all that came within the province of the Company
was to foster and encourage the efforts of others ;
and this they were most anxious to do, being per-
fectly aware of the importance of the object, both to this
country and even more to India, inasmuch as success
must very materially increase the revenues of the Com-
pany. It was recommended, that enterprising men in
Manchester should turn their attention to the subject ;
that they should form establishments for buying the
cotton from the natives, cleaning and exporting it to this
country ; and the chairman felt confident that more
would be accomplished by Manchester heads and Man-
chester cash than anything that could be done by the
Court of Directors.

Various samples of cotton were exhibited, to show
the progress which had been made, both in improving
the quality of sutton grown in India, and in the mode of
cleaning it. Those samples, which were grown in
Madras and Bengal, had the same short and tender
staple which has always characterised the cotton im-
ported from those districts ; whereas the samples grown
in the Dharwar district, from American seed, were very
superior, as were also some samples of indigenous
cotton, grown also in Dharwar ; and to whatever extent
such cotton can be produced, the deputation feel no
doubt, it would form a substitute fur a similar quantity
of middling and fair American cotton.
The CHAIRMAN, in conclusion, intimated to the depu-
tation, that the Court of Directors would be glad to
communicate again with the Manchester Commercial
Association, and to give attention to any information or
suggestions which might be brought before them on this
important subject.
During the interview, the chairman and deputy-
chairman of the Court of Directors were attended by
their secretary, Mr. Melvill, and the botanist of the
Company, Dr. Royle, both of whom showed an intimate
acquaintance with the cultivation of cotton in India.
Dr. Royle. in particular, is well known to have paid
great attention to the subject, and he has since trans-
mitted to the deputation a report upon the progress of
improved cultivation in India, which was read at
the interview with the chairman and deputy-chairman
of the East India Company, which we are enabled to
subjoin, and which, though it repeats, to seine extent,
the statements of the chairman, will be interesting to
many of our readers:—

OBSERVATIONS ON THE COTTON EXPERIMENTS IN

INDIA, BY DR. ROYLE.

The experiments on the culture of the American cot-
ton in India, and of the native cotton, according to the
American method, as well as on the cleaning of cotton
with American gins, were commenced in 1840 by ten
American planters ; three of whom, however, very
shortly gave up their engagement.
The experiments on the cleaning of cotton seems to
have been completely successful, as the work was done
effectively, quickly, and cheaply, with very little injury
to the staple, as is evident by the reports of brokers, and
by the prices at which the cotton was sold at Liverpool.
The native weavers also bought the native cotton at an
increased price, as more valuable to them on account of
its cleanness, &e.

Groups of gins established in favourable situations
would aff ird a large supply of very good cotton for the
English manufacturer, and the undertaking would yield
a good profit, especially if the same parties could ex-
port it.
The culture of American cotton in India has not been
so successful. It failed in the northern part of the Ben-
gal presidency from two very dry seasons, and also from
the general dryness of the soil and climate at particular
times ; and apparently owing to the American planters
not employing irrigation at these times, as is done in the
similar climate of Egypt.
The culture of American cotton failed at Broach and
at Goruckpore and Rungpore, from the excessive heat
and dryness of the weather immediately the rains ceased,
that is, late in September and early in October ; like-
wise from the depredations of innumerable insects. But
even in these situations, the cotton plants recovered
themselves and yielded some cotton, It is probable that
a little irrigation, even at the end of September or be-
ginning of October, might save the plants, by enabling
them to support the enormous evaporation caused by the
great dryness. Too much moisture, however, causes the
plants to run too much into leaf.
In all these situations the culture of the native cot-
ton was much improved by the partial adoption of the
American method, that is, as far as suitable to the cli-
mate. The planters on the Bengal side considered the
cultivation as susceptible of great improvement. On
the Bombay side the native culture is more, indeed by
some highly, approved of. Mr. Mercer states that the
cotton of Centrallndia is generally of good quality, and
some of it long in staple, when grown in good black
lands. It requires only more careful picking, cleaning,
and packing.
At Coimbatore, though the climate is not altogether
favourable, the culture of American cotton has now pro-
ceeded for some years, and though with occasional draw-
backs, yet upon the whole with success. The draw-
backs have been a few storms and occasional droughts ;
but cotton, which has been highly approved of by Man-
chester manufacturers, has been produced ; and Dr.
Wight, the superintendent, is of opinion that he can carry
on the culture with profit.

Complete success has, however, only attended the ex-
perimental culture of liharw•ar, and it is remarkable
that some of the best American cotton was produced
here in 1834 (the specimens are still in the India (louse,
and were seen by Mr. Mercer and other planters when in
London), showing that there must be some permanent
cause for this uniform effect. The cause is no doubt the
climate, which Mr. Mercer says is more like the Missis-
sippi climate than any he has been in in India. The
elevation (being above the Ghauts) modifies the climate,
which also feels the influence of both monsoons and
rains, so that it never becomes excessively dry, and
is never inundated with too much rain, as the force
of the moonsoon is broken on the Ghauts or mountain-
ous range. The culture of American cotton has
here been yearly increasing in quantity, from 600
acres the first year (1842), to, it is calculated, 15,000
acres this year, when Mr. Mercer thinks that not less