The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-20 00:00:00

'''XPERIMENTAL SQUADRON
withthfiteiontghherelguns.
vessels, which must give her a great advantage
OF 1844. when
" A DEPORT (A.)
titor, from the similarity of their size,
THE s, FROM REAR-ADMIRAL BOWLES, C....,•
more"T ihmemPeadnitaatleoocno,maps, compared,, with the Waterwith, her
em-r-crTaity or TilE A
CatttiO Axe.DailliALTY, OF THE 'TRIALS
running before the wind in light moderate d
must be considered as inferior, excepting on the ownreeetphoeirn,teonf
ZWELN lIER MAJESTY'S SHIPS QUEEN, •
. VINCE A
"Caledo • NT, AND 4-.1.1110N,
tare over most of the squ
which point she had, as waidllrebnes-eelnhbeyvet,hzet..ables, an a van-
„ Ina, at Sea, in lat. 46 deg. 19 min. N., long.
Or,' ha 12 deg. W., 20th Nov., 1844. is ARMAR L. CORRY, Captain."
she,„_Neceto request you will inform their Lordships
fan the to their orders of the 18th ult., I proceeded
ot the 6th •inst
of List: 231 ult., and on the 3d instant arrived off the
cn, wlare having ascertained that her Majesty's
Albion not '•
kartattend'iTiscul! n the Tagus, I stood to the westward,
ee thos . in with her off the rock. For some
Wiiid was strong on shore, and it was
3 J. gained a sufficient offing to enable me
their „.(;.e_tri.als of the Albion's sailing about which
Pleasurel' rdships felt most anxiety ; and it is with
iltlrrqualijan report that, after a most careful observe-
fas, ,e.S. on every point, lam fully convinced she
eat re 1-sailing
lad Markel)! • - ship, very stiff under canvass, and
sealed 3'a ell ; and, although from the extreme
a eather which has prevailed during the last
4,Tni not enabled to state how she behaves under
ed,tl '1 blowin...
km, eat her s_
egeate.ather, I such from
circumstances]hat I
• heT,lll.ore appaarp superiority under . would
It tried ent and decided, and that I have, in fact,
the greatest disadvantage.
Itit4aeledians,aturally have been more satisfactory if ships
abla.iirt and of known good character, could have
ist her; and, although I feel very confident
fairwrntlin nevertheless induced to recommend that
tqli respect o opportunity may be taken of doing so.
il to the Queen, her sailing was inferior to
tobili it 'P for the first three days after leaving Spit-
8f dual improved afterwards, and I consider
Veo %id t° the Caledonia by the wind, and superior
NiClisideral",all common circumstances. Both are how-
-INa d °!3' slower than the St Vincent. whicl ship
kO„ _ • .
lieeu.s`gen superiority on all occasions.
z.rvtoieat
ho great defect seems to be an apparent want
Riad er in the rudder, which occasions her to
Chia wit) elfin,,. and under low and easy sail to be kept
arise 1 uanculty. It is impossible to decide whe-
N,Yeth_s from the rudder itself being- too small, or
ytteistorteause which may be remediable by an alter-
'lrtaltieuege, or the position of the ntasts. There are
, the
otficers in the squadron, the commander
irks ktiCe late master of the fleet in the Mediter-
eth,,N: inaster of the Albion, who all agree in ex-
Vers.',.urprise at the change which has taken place
Fih ;1".1111id:,f.ully confirm the testimony borne by the
IY~lt his "T in the Mediterranean, as well as by
l, hat utiat,to her former good qualities; but as it is
i4l anyadieeslag Can be done at sea to improve her, and
alt gin her steering might compromise her
'',e're(„..unneult situation, I have thought it most ad-
Ottvlfied raigland before the full expiration of
nowthe
.011,,,,nt their Lordships' orders, and am on
Ntittt La"lotith Sound, haying directed the Queen and
b§l°.,Slie(,,Yle- event of separation in the Channel, to
4lll'au;uPs and Spithead.
L ir4ll.si si.?Yln?nds will lay before their Lordships his
Jggestions with respect to the necessary
kleen ue Queen ; and I will, therefore, only add,
the defect principally complained of is her
‘Nrip eillt circumstances; and I was particularly struck
INtool sheer tacked yesterday against a heavy head
ro,4,lld.the Albion, without hauling down their
,let`!lt ive-Lr n with perfect ease, while this ship and the
rt4,.e (with their head sails down), nearly double
ility
Oitiver3, of the Queen and Albion has been on all
ths,learliable; and their inclination was always
ttin that of the Caledonia or St. Vincent, the
bbl; It °fie case, from 3to 3% deg., and in the
11,ItiPtir 'B, very obvious, therefore, that these. ships
and fight their guns with much
lo.itt,;Lvleae:naartls up
pave no doubt they will always be
rY a reef more out of the courses and
setaoe site
Vnt geneY•
tit to attention to these trials of sailing, which I
a most important object, and the con-
-61 Keeping the rigging well up and in good
tisitlie.lll,lleli-irtedduring these shorts days, from de-
re, 'lei sune as I should otherwise have done to the
°llB s • in •
Specified their Lordships' instructions;
! 4%e oefn much useful exercise in the order of sail-
. 44 lh battle, as well as in wearing at night by
ra,ve had every reason to be satisfied with the
471,1a'ociienc_v of the squadron; and the accuracy
tu.„"ce was highly creditable, the St. Vincent
'a,lisNtane: casks, and this ship and the Queen one
ta about 800 yards. ,
ou.red in the preceding observations to !in.;
distinctly as possible all their Lordships
rel'isrua,,resl4eet to the qualities of the four ships
,10, ; and it is only furthernecessary to explain
rotL RiCsual and uninterrupted fine weather which
ii;llot(te I left the coast of Portugal, and which
~;1141,011su;le .:hips having never had more than one
s), prevents my repoitir.g more fully on
t)orlratOr DasBbalowing. weather. We had some strong
‘1 4,4,ge to Lisbon, but they came on suddenly,
quickly, so that there was no opportu-
itit, Vorefo"ned comparison. -
t only further add, with respect to the
.'lttlearietcsider her as only labouring under some tem-
aftarge; and I shall be much surprised and dis-
'44 ,sonle trifling and inexpensive, alterations,
ue (at least) a very fair sailing and power-
"l am, &c.,
4 " ILLIAM BOW LES, Rear-Admiral."
P,Eso B.
0 Irr PROM CAPTAIN CORRY, R.N., TO THE
tjl' II THE ADMIRALTY, OF TME TRIALS OF
`lSt MAJESTY'S BRIGS ESPIEGLE, DARING,
,
4NI)1 )c, RUlspat.
41ITINE, WATERWITCH, PANTALOON,
''
s.N„
"Her Majesty's Steam-vessel Firebrand,
oat. , Plymouth Sound, Dec. 9, 1844.,
pods Commissioners
squadron placed under my corn-
iW oe",a„Commissioners of the Admiralty, having
• 4it Vluer arrived in latitude 49 deg. N.,
kr deemed it a good position for the exe-
li'i,r4tlelalsbips' orders (dated 18th October, 1844),
14',4'
lend
',311 Channels being open to the N.E., the
N4,4404'11e sr S E and the Atlantic Ocean to the
N,fsiaio; therefore commenced the series of
'a Consequence of the hazy weather been
AN: I iru„,°l,naining any 'result to the 2d and of
'aduced to move from the bank of sound
N 'I t e southward in search of clearer weather.
Viieil'eurt I considered it advisable to disembarrass
liereueith, !11, of the b
Firerand, an the log, which
will inform their Lorddships of her pro .
4y!given
L'iC'oe'„4e oe-salll, a tabular form the distance. in. yards
,;"41, ate the tel ever another, I have placed it, with the.
iti,`ge sa,rial, on the face of the diagram, which
101 l V the "'"e Moment exhibit the commencement,
'N•4:l44l,l'as toresult
b of each contest. I have alr caused
made from the squadron, which I for-
No• killreir
Lordships'
and to all of which I particularly
attention.
PLikliruith tu, e result of the trials is naturally divided
wihetl,ttee.„°°,l( Place on' and off' the wind. There
44c1"1. trials, eight of which were on' and six
are fthe eight on a wind,' two of them, viz.,
~Vler„,, Iblelcluded from the present classification in
tft?lier,Fi& hazy weather at their conclusion hay-
die'e every attempt to obtain the correct
,likk44latitirelit vessels. They are, therefore, of use
)aNPt Of it?! the conclusions hich are deduced
ks Ith t, '4 other trials. Thewrernaining six may
litsr`reog with moderate or light breezes, and
12( breezes or squally weather. With respect
• 4,4(1tr t!iials Which took place 'off the wind,' they
,1411(liu right o three heads, wind abeam,' abaft the
kb the '4c4 ,
aft,' the two trials having taken place with
teals " those directions •(, '
),,
Nv„.`n! a d, Nos. 1,4, and 7 are those in
thuleqher light or moderate. In the first of
i',1114% , tOmegle and Mutine did
.not take a part,
'othe
t at of t furth, the Daring did not par-
nid 'antaloon he
waso not present at the seventh.
with the water smooth and a long
Nblitbaring 'i-sh had the greatest advantage ; the
th /4 slightly differing from each other, coming
liiiebkr?tteade tri,al go. 7, when the wind was similar,
jt?kt't -o,„ng Was°:, Smooth water there was a cross head
Ong most* weatherly, the Flying Fish and
tietitMlitin7 her, being followed, ba at some clis-
:s,lle,reilt" the ' and Osprey. From the results of these
I;llyotivith direetiame weather, but with the sea coming
head it may safely be deduced that. the
eta, sea is the superior vessel ; and this is
Ol,:;t„'kek' 7, confirmed bxamining the details of
athe ,llrith ere it appears y e
that. for -three hours; when
NI; Ven,u a following sea there was comparatively
44,,qt tit„, between the Flying Fish, Espiegle, and
k,,ti`,le,;,ataticfn'iltifterwards, when the signal to tack had
ho trchiefiyeYl.vere brought to bow the sea, the ad-
reo4t a which in two hours gave the
It'okictei tab jouriority over the other two.
LR~itr'he Espiegle and Flying Fish, the
it sr, a teer_ sal beat the latter ; but in the seventh,
Vtii,lls pPears''" by the latter weathering the former,
4 ?,„ et z„..lVery
..._atht on a wind, in moderate weather
!,7t-Orqt'!! erier7: terial difference between them, though.
i!,/titt? does exist, rests with the Flying Fish.
klet,lq.,lll).kai a te and Osprey, they (notwithstanding
iie43, ' lirioriey over the Daring in the
eh avini considered b t I (the former,
gad .as ea en vesse s
e ecided advantage over the latter), and
Viiet,lagr4,llBoll between them is unnecessary beyond
:e.,sell.i.and tables afford, in which the gain and
ts47:Net t7,,lninutely given in yards.
11, the
, Cruiser, except in the fourth trial,
t;ity titttrkt ed 7 beaten by all, and even in that she had
lket:ic) 4toi has over the Pantaloon and Osprey.
aR these an advantane over the Pantaloon in the
01,1, *sr. the trials° in which they were both
II; the (71‘ urth, in
N't eth tala elose-i particular, it was very decided.
t er er iauled, with light or moderate
''''ree with strong breezes or squally
,I.ll6lkir 414,1 6th, 11th, and 13th ,in all of which the
t, ilvt / Rlarked
tjt he at) In the sixth
and decided superiority over all
s-th trial the Flying Fish and Water-
t the'lf,a,, and are placed next to the Daring.
,7-1 as sertner vessel, and in the 13th the latter,
be ten b7nd• •
at in
ereferring to the tables attached to the
reery co'nn. llth trial the Flying Fish beat the
tT, 44' 44 ttlerablY, but that in the 13th trial the
t!,O a 4 wa, tief, latter but
the former equally as
,iti4:ttiitiiiy:ntiiat:lvsni ore beaten, which proves the Flying
tlhooathayea,ter, to be the superior vessel of
'41.,,t4, torsi e awar head-sea and strong wind an equal
1,11, n trial ded to the Waterwitch.
oil, al, a 1:414r., the Mutine came next, and in the 11th
ery dr;,which vessel had, in the latter trial in
!4, Itit,!'ef•e2l.e firmanoed advantage over the Mutine and re-
rThß;to 't; ;en:. the relative positions of which are
aai tl t`.) I.llls alagram.
441;,,b4rT tables
otfhe,,, wind abeam,' it will be seen by
jlie biLIR was the'"? eighth and 14th, that in both of
',l,ARl44l,lqtloccupiedlading vessel, the position of se-
-414 in the y the Flying Fish in the former,
begar,a,.`, the pi
; the Alutine being fourth in
14th, buthving in the last-men-
titi(4ll4ll th,
o'L the beaiTti,ag Fish, ohly 135 yards. With
thi
, the 9th and 10th trials place the
er t411t(1;111i;d: sp.egle in the other, as first. In
Ulu wsrnegle occupied
4y leitclylooii air last in the at)
a 4 lame, twin
h the
.second pla.ce, and
:.sandble3ng third in both.
a part in these tawnon
t4tlll, titihu l'At for tillectrtake tltnlsthielelvOitnh.
Itltt.)4l 12telais°118 assigned tooke diagrain. g piBF
and trials which p'.ace before the
'lng see:
_, the Pantaloon were the two first
aad wa.neurwiintethhe'one, and Cruiser in the other,
„_
ee s-enti occupying the two last places
tl rea sailing"Qintgi:sdtFi:idi)ear.neiailcihnoffthtleie heads.
of 'll4, a, tides
qualities of the
to:tt,er artoDlaishili
filrwriretnh(leeitirisealeiro-nf by the reports
itlination. at
erri Inti•it sr. Whilst alluding
e stiff ate that I could !less not help remark-
of the Espiegle when et:tamed'

RELATIVE CLOSING PR
RAILWAY SHARE
IN TWIG
PRINCIPAL CITIES AND TOWNS II
SCOTLAND, AND IRELANI

ICES OF
:S

ENGLAND

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 18.—The fleet continues in the Sound,
and there is no indication of an immediate movement. The
present state of.aftairs in the River Plate and at the island of
Madagascar may induce the Admiralty to alter their inten-
tion in the disposal of the ships, and, at the least, prevent
their being sent to any distant cruising-ground.
This afternoon Rear-Admiral Sir Samuel Pym, G.C.8., the
Admiral of the Fleet, in company with Sir John West, Port
Admiral, in the Sylph cutter, visited her Majesty's ship
Rodney, 92, Captain Collier.
A spirit of discontent prevails on board the ships, in con-
sequence of the restrictions placed on the liberty of the men.
The disaffection thus produced is reported to have been mani-
fested by various acts on board the flag-ship, St. Vincent,
120, Captain R. F. Rowley ; the Trafalgar, 120, Captain
Martin ; and the Albion, 92, Captain Lockyer. To give
specific particulars on this subject is very difficult. The
officers and men belonging to all the ships are chary of im-
porting information as to their sailing qualities, or interior
economy, under general circumstances; but in the present
case, when a question of discipline is raised, the few who
come ashore from the disaffected ships are still more cautious.
The disaffection of the crew of the St. Vincent is of a
very minor character. On board the Trafalgar it is stated
that insubordination has manifested itself in the partial de-
struction of some of her sails, by cutting them. But it is on
board the Albion that the most unfortunate irregularities
have occurred. It appears that on Tuesday last, the 14th
instant, one of the watches bad permission to go ashore, but
did not return on the Wednesday within the limited time.
In consequence of their remaining ashore Commander Cham-
bers, the officer in command, would not permit a second
watch to leave the ship, such permission being contrary to
general orders. The men urged their suit upon Commander
Chambers after his dinner hour; and the commanding officer
being thus importuned, gave a peremptory denial. At night-
fall the men were, as usual, ordered to their hammocks ; some
refused compliance, and commenced throwing their pipkins
and other earthen utensils at each other, and, it is said, at
the officers. In consequence of this breach of discipline
they were piped up and down during the night, and in the
morning ordered "hammock drill." They, however, threw
their hammocks on the deck, and ten were immediately placed
in irons. It is further reported, that during the week the
rigging of the Albion has been cut, and the breeching of some
of her guns loosed. The men in confinement will be tried
by court-martial, and in all probability transported. Cap-
tain Lockyer is greatly esteemed by his crew. Commander
Chambers, whether deservedly or otherwise, is not regarded
so favourably. There is little doubt that the conduct of the
men has been reprehensible, but whether the prevention of
their going ashore, or receiving their wives aboard, and the
suppression of their smoking and other -privileges (at a
period when the duty of the fleet is of a heavy character),
are punishments of too severe a description, is a subject for
consideration.
THE COURT-MARTIAL UPON LIEUTENANT BURRELL, OF THE

THE SUN, LONDON. MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 20, 1815.

I%p.—Exeter. Topsham, and Exmouth (Daw's line), 1,4 p.
—Ditto ( Head's), 1 p.—Central Cornwall and Devon, 1%. p.
—Taw Vale Extension, p.—Dartmouth, Torbay, and
Exeter Junction, % p.--Eastern Counties, 241/,.
SHEFFIELD, Ocr. 18.

STOCK EXCITANCE.—The salEs are—Caledonian Exten-
sion, 5N—Grimsby an`d Sheffield, 26—Ditto, Quarter
Shares, 6%—Grimsby Railway and Dock Extension, 12—
Liverpool and Leeds Direct, 53/—Manchester, Midland, and
Great Grimsby, 6—Welsh Midland, 4—York and Carlisle, 5%.

sented to their request, believing that his co-Directors would
make up any deficiencies on his part. The London and Bir-
mingham Directors took the same view that he (Mr. West-
head) did, namely, that it would not be right in him to retire
from office before consummating the arrangements between
this Company and the London and Birmingham Company. He
then moved a resolution to the effect that it was advisable, in-
dead of continuing the present mortgage debts of the Company,
to raise the further sum of 700,0001. by way of augmenting
the capital stock, for the purpose of paying off the debts, by
the issue of 70,000, quarter shares, of 101. each share, to be
allotted amongst the registered proprietors who should think
fit to accept the same, in the followingproportions—namely,
one such share for every 30/. sharz ; no proprietor to be en-
titled to a share for any fractional part of 30/. shares that he
might hold: It was also determined to make a call of 11.
upon each of the new quarter shares, payable on the shares
registered up to the sth November next; and that the re-
maining calls be paid in such way as the Directors shall here-
after determine, but that the parties be not entitled to either
dividend or interest upon the deposits or calls until the Ist of
July, 1848. The first call to be payable on the 10th December
next.

It was suggested that the 10th November would be more
suitable, as all the transfers could not be effected by the sth.
The CHAIRMAN said that the Board had originally fixed
the Ist November as the day, but there would be no objection
to increase the time for making the transfers.
A SHAREHOLDER wished to know whether the parties who
held quarter shares in the different classes of stock were to
be at liberty to add them together for the purpose of claiming
the privilege of participating in the new issue?
The CHAIRMAN—Yes, certainly.—(Cheers.)
Mr. RAwsoN seconded the Chairman's motion.

Mr. THOMASON inquired the probable time when further
calls upon the new issue would take place.
The CHAIRMAN_ said there would be no occasion until
after July, 1848. The intention was, when that time should
arrive, to pay oft' the loans which were now in existence, and
some of which would continue for a period of two or three
years afterwards. With respect to others which would fall
due before that time, arrangements would be made to con-
tinue them for some time longer. It was proposed, with re-
gard to the calls upon these shares, to pay a dividend upon
them, deducting five per cent. interest, as had been done by
the London and Birmingham Company.
The motion was then put and carried unanimously.
A SHAREHOLDER wished to-know whether any steps had
been taken to survey the line between Macclesfield and Lich-
field.
The CHAIRMAN said they bad been some time in commu-
nication with parties who had taken an interest in the pro-
ject for a communication between Macclesfield and Lichfield
by means of a railway. The negotiationshad been protracted,
and they had not been able to carry them out in the way
they thought desirable; but he believed that a perfect un-
derstanding existed between this Company and those parties
who were interested in the Macclesfield and Lichfield Railway.
Mr. JOHN WurrrAKEtt asked whether the London and
Birmingham deputation, which met the deputation of this
Company upon the subject of the proposed amalgamation,
were perfectly agreed as to the terms upon which the amal-
gamation was to take place ?
Mr. THOMASON said he had received a letter from Mr.
Glyn, the Chairman of the London and Birmingham board,
in which he stated that there was not a dissentient amongst
them.—(Cheers.)
Mr. WiterrAKEn said that there was a report current in-
the town, to the effect that an amalgamation had taken place
between the Grand Junction and the London and Birming-
ham Companies. He wished to know whetter the report
was true ?—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN said that he had heard the statement, but-
he had not heard it officially, he had not had it in writing
from any party connected with the London and Birmingham,
or the Grand 'Junction • but he firmly believed that the fact
was so.—(Cheers.) An arrangement of a satisfactory cha-
racter had been come to between the London and Birming-
ham and the Grand Junction Companies.—(Cheers.) He
hxl been told also that the Manchester and Leeds Company
aTid the Hudsonian interest were at peace.—(Cheers.)
A SIIAREHOLDER asked when the future calls would be
made?
The CHAIRMAN said that they would he postponed so far
as they prudently could be.
The Chairman then left the chair, and thanks having been
voted to him, the proceedings terminated.

essentially the great western port in the British Channel, and
by the Completion of the South Devon line will, in the course
of a few months, be brought within six hours' distance of the
metropolis. The distance of the port from Birmingham is
somewhat less than from London; and by means of the pre-
sent proposed railways there will be an immediate connexion
with the whole of north and central Devon, and the ports in
the Bristol Channel. Millbay, a part of which is proposed to
be used for this purpose, incloses an area of upwards of 80
acres, half of which is excellent anchorage in from one to ten
fathoms' water, at the lowest state of the tide. The basin is
to be upwards of 20 acres in extent, and the Millbay branch
of the South Devon is to extend along its sides.

PROGRESS OF OUR EXPORTS.
It is generally known that the declared value repre-
sents the actual value at the time of shipment, and that
the (PM valhe is the quantity of goods of each kind
estimated at uniform prices which were affixed to them
in 1694; while, therefore, the declared value is an in-
dication, of cost, the official value is an indication of
quantity, and the two compared together at any period
shows .the changes which take place in the price of
good'. Previous to 1844, the year to which the largest
amount of goods, according to the declared value, was
exported, was 1,836. In that year our exports amounted
to 53,368,572/, according to the declared or real value,
aLd to 85,299,837/, according to the official value; show-
ing, therefore, that the price of goods had fallen from
the official standard of value by 36 per cent. Ia 1844
(last year), the real value of our exports exceeded any
former year, and amounted to 58,584,2921., of which the
official value was 131,564,5031.; showing that, now the
price of goods has fallen below the official standard by
no less than 55 per cent., or in other words, showing
that while the quantity of goods exported has increased
since 1836 by 54 per cent., their value has increased
barely 10 per cent. This is a striking evidence of the
low price of goods at the prosent time, as compared
with 1836, and of the great improvement and economy
introduced into their manufacture during that period,
by the improvements of machinery and otherwise. And
there can be no doubt that it is chiefly to these improve-
ments and the lower price of our goods, that we are
able to command such an increasing demand in the
markets of the world. The whole value of exports to
all our own possessions, including those in Europe, is
not one-third of the whole, and our exports to foreign
neutral markets are consequently more than two-thirds.
This shows how fallacious is the general opinion that
ascribes to our colonies the great bulk of our export
trade. The amount exported to the British possessions,
in 1836, was 13,721,3791., out of a total of 53,368,572/.
Last year the former had increased to 16,504,0601.; but
more than the whole differnce arises in the trade to the
East Indies and Gibraltar, the latter being almost ex-
clu.iveiy for Spanish consumption. Our exports to
India during that period have increased from 4,285,829/.
in 1836 to 7,695,666/. last year, and, therefore, alone
shows larger increase than the whole aggregate colonial
exports; 89 that, leaving India and Gibraltar out, the
remainer show a considerable diminution. With so
satisfactory a progress under the recent system of low
duties, it is, indeed, much to be regretted that any
cause ha.; arisen to induce the Indian Government to
increase the rates of duty. It is true the prices of
goods are now so very low, that it is hoped that step
will cause no sensible diminution of that valuable trade ;
at the same time we much rear it will materially check
the progress which might otherwise be expected. The
following statement shows the comparative progress of
our trade to the various geographical divisions, thus:-
1836. ' 1844.
£ £
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Africa
Asia
United States 12,425,695 ... 7,938,079
- -

British North American Colonies
and West Indies 6,518,744 ... 5,522,338
Foreign West Indies 1,238,785 ... 1,173,931
Central and South America, in-
cluding Brazil
This comparison shows a very large decrease to the
whole of the western world, including our own colonies,
while the largest increase is to Europe, and the next to
the eastern markets. It is not a little curious and in-
structive to find that, in spite of hostile tariffs, made
more and more stringent, on the continent of Europe,
the greater liberality exercised towards the produce of
those countries here, has had the effect in so striking a
way of increasing our exports. It will further be ob-
served, that the greatest increase of our exports has
taken place to Russia, Prussia, Germany, Belgium, and
France, which are just the countries that have imposed
the highest duties in order to exclude our goods.—
Economist.