The Sun.
London, England, 1821-11-24 00:00:00

THE ARM Y.

The. Light Horse Volunteers have appointed
field-days of the Regiment to be held on Nilo-
day, Wednesday, and 'Friday nest, to assemble at
their barracks in Gray's Inn-lane, at-ten o'clock.
On Thursday se'nnight, Lieutenant-General
Sir H. BELL, attended; by Colonel Sir R. WIL-
LIAMS, and Captain KEMOSTER,, arrived' at Chat-
ham, to inspect the' Division of Aoyal'lVlarines,
stationed at that place. The day' proved 'too
bad for the battalion to go through any field pai7
ntelivres, and the General merely' inspected. the
barracks and quarters of the corps, with -the
cleanliness, order, and regularity
,of which "he
was highly satisfied. 'On
the battalion 01. 'the Meville.Parade, the weather
still proving too unfavou'rafile to eithibit'ae
steady and exact discipline'Which his attained
in field exercises, and he was pleased to express
his unqualified approliaticin'Of Vie good, conduct
and appearance of the•COrps.--tipwards-0f.t300
Invalids marched from ' Fdrt Pitt liopitai-:an
Monday; for Chelsea', 03 be discharg&i on pii)-
sions.—(Kentish Gazette, NOV. 23..)

ME it CA

LE SHIPPING; &e:

DEAL, Nov. 23.—Wind N.N.W.—Came,4Own from the
River and sailed, with the rest. of the outiaid-bound,
Zephyr, Cox. for Honduras; Harvey, Irwin ; and William,
Gunn, for Trinidad ; Waterloo, Wilkinson, and Harvey,
Rowe, for Jamaica ; Young Husband, Pr lwn, for Barbadoes ;
Cherub, Freeman, fur Cork, &e. ; Swift, Walker, for Seville.;
Alexander, Frederick, for Havre ; and Sir one, Faillant, for
Calais. Put back lust night several of the outward-bound, biit
th have all sailed again to-day.
RAMSOATE, Nov. 23.—Arrived the WiLhelmina, tfanson,
from Dortrecht for Brest, leaky, and with loss of sails,.having
been on the Flemish Banks ; Telemachus, Topping...from
London for Gijon, with loss of an anchor and cable ; and Jason,
Croft, from Shields for Exeter. leaky..
YARMOUTH, Nov. 23.—The Whein, of Hull, frOrn St.
Petersburgh; struck on the Cross Sand this morning, and.broke
her rudder. A fishing boat, and a .Salvage boat from hence,
are assisting her. . .
Pat NIOUTTI, Nov. 22.-7Wiod W.—Sailed the Britarmia,
Westle, for Seville.
PaRTSMOITTH, Nov. 23.—Wind W...-..--Arrived the
Ides, Rutherford, from London for St. Vincents ; Royal Oak,
Steel, from Waterford for London, with loss of main 'boom
and gait ; and Maria, Greenslade, from the Downs for St.
Michael's, 7.ith loss of bowsprit, toptuast, and jib, Sailed
the Geo. Daysh, Edgar, for St. Michael's. The 'mind blew
very strong all the forenoon from the westward. At. 2. P..M. it
shifted to the northward, and if it continues, the outward-bound
will get away at day light to-moirow.
AYR, Nov. 20.--Put back, and arrived at Troont
Martha, Kennedy, from Liverpool for Quebec, out 10 yr.eelts.;
she experienced a succession of heavy gales on the Bank's.' of
Newfoundland, and was obliged to bear up being leaky, The
F riendship, Welch, from Dublin, got on shore last ii t,
southward of this Harbour, but is expected-to be got off iiithout
damage.
BRIDLINGTON', Nov. 21.—Arrivecrthe Thomas and'itAtis
Bell, from Portsmouth for Sunderland,' with loss of maintriasp.
DARTMOUTH, Nov. 22.—The Franciscus, SOuderinann,
slipped her cable last night and went into Torbay.
, A few days since a NATURAL PHENOMENON of
rare occurrence in this climate *as observed.' at
Nlundesley, and accompanied with the folloici,ng
very singular circumstances. During a, sale -of
some wreck upon the beach, the notice .of:a
son was drawn towards what he cBlacitvecl:,tci,bt,
a- ship on fire, about a mile from the shorel ttt in).
mediately pointed it out, but it was,,exOtitlE'd
by the supposition that the appearance:lof itistke
arose• from the steam vessel passing:, freitt.7The
North. An old Captain, however, soon deci4a
that the rising column was a waterspout.
busied in the observation of this interestidw
spectacle, a circumstance of nearer import at-.
tracted their regard. At a very short distance
there was an open'ng of son.e width in the
cliff, through which a stream that turns a
takes its course. In this cleft three newly-built
bathing machines were laid up for the winter.--
In a moment these machines were hurried up the
cliff with great rapidity. Two of them took th'eir
path directly towards a house,over which they we-rii
forced by the hurricane, breaking in the roof, and.
falling on the other side they were literally
dashed to atoms. The third' performed the saiile
course over the mill, and was also destroyed 44
its fa!!. We understand a subscription was set
on foot for the proprietor --(Norrrich Mercury.)

THE LONDON JOURNALS•

DAII:Y ErritACTS FROM TH}: MOTtNING PAPERS,

November 9.4.

{MORNING POST.
The columns of our contemporaries have lately
teemed" with pretended changes in Administra-
tion, which display considerable skill in the
noble art of castle-building. ft is unfortu-
nate, 'however, for the solidity of their strut-1
tares, that they should have no other foundation
than airy for a touch or a breath cannot fail to
dissolve them. All those splendid arrangements
with which the public has lately been enter-
tained, have in fact as yet no existence bet in
their anchors' brains. Nothing of the kind, we,
can positively state, has been determined, or even
lately taken into consideration. In due time,'
when there is really some substance to grapple
with, we shall not prove backward in communi-
cating our intelligence to the country ; but at
present alt statements on the subject must of ne-
cessity be erroneous, and would have no other
effect thatt 'to deceive the public.

The only foreign arrival yesterday was that of
a vessel with letters from Rio Janeiro, which
confirm the original accounts of the capture of
Lima by General San Martin. The place had
been reduced to a most deplorable state for want
of provisions, and the people were unwilling to
bear any longer the calamities of a siege, unen-
livened by any hope of relief. In vain had the
noost urgent applications been made to Spain for
a naval force to raise the blockade; no answer
had even been returned, and the 'Lima Loyalists
were left to their fate with a degree of indif-
ference, which, it is only surprising, did not in-
duce them to consent to an earlier surrender.
Among the benefits produced by the late'revolu-
tion at Rio Janeiro, 'besides the establishment of
a free press, and of a-Gonstitutional Government,
the throwing open of (the diamond mines seems
likely to be included. Hitherto the working of
those mines was a privilege reserved by the
Crown exclusively to itself, but as the Bank has
already given notice of a public sale of diamonds,
it appears that 'the privilege has 'either been
transferred to that 'Body, or -will be shared in
common.----(ibid.)

[monStrto CHRONI CI: E.]
-The Ultra part of the Press Las a singular'
way of inculcating an abhorrence for changes and
revolutions. We are told in a letter from Rio
de Janeiro, that " the inhabitants will not, after
being 'enriched by a free trade, consent to the!,
restoration of the old order of things." And-,,
-what, readers, is the corollary from this? ."
the blessed 'fruits of Revolutions and Radical
Reformers!" -This state of things—the inba-i
bitants of a country 'being enriched by a free
trade, is looked upon as a great calamity, as
thing which is rnteh 'to be deplored. " Men
know not what they do when they break up the
social bonds which haire'nnited a community for
centuries.--Upon the' doctrine of. the 4 rights of
man,' .what possible ‘claim can a-few unknown
Portuguese have 'to interfere with.the.concerns,
and to counteract the interests, tlf -the inhabitants
of Brazil ?" So says our Ultra Doctor. We
should be glad to 'know upon what principle,
either of right or expediency, the Portuguese
ought to counteract the interests of the inhabi-
lauts of Brazil. Colonies, after they have be-

come powerful, can only be kept in permanen,
connection with the Mother Country, by the
bond of mutual interest. To think of counter-
acting the interests of a Colony, is folly in any
case ; but, in the case of a Colony, which, from
remoteness of situation and extent of territory, may
bid defiance to the power of the Mother Country,
it is sheer madness. America might have been
to this day an integral part of the British Em-
pire, had we contented ourselves with -a connec-
tion of mutual interest: but we thought neither
of oar own interests nor those of our colony, and
allowed oatselves to be infatuated with the idea
of commanding, instead of persuading ;—and so
eve lost it. We shall one day lose Canada in
the same way, and we shall be calling the Cana-
dians highly ungrateful, because they may not
be inclined, in return for our fooling away every
year four or five hundred thousand pounds on
them, to allow us to counteract their interests,
which we are now doing as fast as we can. We,
can afford to be more foolish with regard to Ire-
laud, from its proximity to the seat of power,'
and may continue, therefore, as we have alwayti
done hitherto, to misgovern and injure it in every
possible way, at the expence merely of a rebel-
lion every ten years, an insurrection every five,
perpetual anarchy and bloodshed, and the main-
tenance of a large army. As to the bloodshed,
as the Irish arc rapid breeders, we shall be told,
perhaps, that this is a small matter. Be it
so then—we will not insist on this. But we
ought not to allow ourselves to be seduced
by the facility with which we can enjoy the
pleasure of misgoverning Ireland, into the suppo-
sition that the experiment can be safely tried
with distant colonies. Why does not some Ma-
chiavel start up to enlighten the friends of des-
potism on this important point ? But " the new
Police of Lisbon is utterly unable to protect the
inhabitants." What was the old Police, pray 2
What was the administration of justice under
the old Government? But it really becomes us
of all people to reproach others with their want
of an efficient police,—we who know not whet
a police is, who ttlosr whole streets of this metro-
polis to be inhabited with known thieves and
robbers, who hear every day of depredations on
property to an immense amount, most of which
might be guarded against. We say nothing of
the sound ideas advanced with respect to punish-
ments and their object, by the first Law Autho-
rities of the Country,

[THE TIMES.]
The execution of Cadigun and Ellis, for utter-
ing forged notes, has occasioned so much conver-
sation, that we are disposed to revert to the
subject, however painful ; and to give our own
Gipiiiion upon it. The observations we published
were from xn able Correspondent, and as they

had in view the benevolent object of diminishing
the number of capital punishments—au object for
the attainment of which we are most sincerely
anxious—we _ were willing that the_ reasoning
should have what weight it might, and therefore
affixed no comments of our own. We will now,
however, say, frankly, that we do not think, if
all that we have heard be true, that the argu-
ment against 'capital punishments derives much
strength from Cadman's case. We have heard,
and we, believe the tale, that Cadman was not a
mere utterer of forged notes in the last stage, but
that he was a dealer in them,—that he had previ,-
ously sold them to many who had suffered through
his means the last °penalty of the law; and if so,
we have no hesitation in saying that he was a
murderer of the most atrocious and deliberate kind;
and we are not sorry that he at last undertook
that errand himself, upon which he had before
.sent other unfortunate victims to their ruin. His
wife is said to be oppressed with grief. We feel
for her sorrow and respect her contrition ; and
shonld do so yet more, if we could persuade our-
selves that she was weeping for other deaths
besides that of her husband. We would not be
understood as arguing or endeavouring to argue
against the abolition of capital punishments ; but
we believe that the facts of Cadman's case, if
really known, will be found to strengthen the
enemies of the abolition rather than the friends.
A word more upon the subject of these Bank
prosecutions, and the manner of conducting
them. That liberty taken by the prosecutor,
of allowing the criminal acting under fear
to choose the offence for which he will be
punished, is as contrary to the nature and prin-
ciples of equal law as can well be conceived
but it must be remembered that the Bank is no
enemy to capital punishments : it does not take
that part which has been upheld by most wise
men of every age and country upon this subject.
Capital punishments are still the law of the land
here, as we see too many proofs; and such being
the case, and forgers having evidently, since the
abolition of small notes, transferred their attention
to those of a higher value, we are not surprised
that the Bank now provokes the utmost severity
of the law against what is really a new offence.
We are not astonished that they try a fresh sys-
tem. When we say we are not surprised, we
must not be understood as conveying approbation.
Their first step, we -think, should have been to
render their notes more difficult of imitation. A
man who leaves his stable door unlocked has no
'right to punish the stealer of his steed like one
who secures his property with bolts and bars.
The finer execution of the plate, united to the
greater difficulty of throwing a rive than a one-
pound note into circulation, might have prevented
the commission of the crime. However, to bring
round our argument to the point from whence we
started, we do think that there are much more
crying sins under the present system than the
hanging•of 'Cadman.

[MORNING HERALD.]
The French Papers are now three days in ar
rear. In their absence we turn for a moment to
what we conceive abetter source of information
on the political state of that kingdom—the po-
litical tracts that occasionally issue from the French
Press. These have over thepublic Journals the ad-
'vantage, if not of superior talent, at least of greater
freedom. They are•exempt from the operation of
the previous Censorship, and thus become the
vehicles uf facts and opinions which the Jour-
nals could not disclose. The political writers
in Paris have of late been rather inactive. The
Ultras and Liberals appear to have sent forth
nothing particularly important or piquant. The
Viscomte de Bonald (who, we believe, is not
the Deputy of that name) and Count Achille de
Jouffroy analyze legitimacy with metaphysical
abstraction in the Journals. M. Fievre seems
to have exhausted himself, and no longer reviews
the Sessions of the Chamber of Deputies, or
rates the Revolutionists. The indefatigable
Abbe de Pradt, Ex-Archbishop of Malines,
has published nothing since his late triumph
over a prosecution for libel, instituted against
him by the French Ministry.--The most
active and prolific writer seems to be M.
Guizot.--He is of the literary political sect
called, by the French, Doctrinaires—a set
of men who affect to treat every subject with a
.scientific air—to generalize the principles of poli-
tics like those of metaphysics—to reduce, in fact,
the art of government and the principles of ad-
ministrations to mere abstractions. These men
are wholly unstained by the crimes of the Revo-
lution, but they have contrived to obtain some
of the good things of this world, both from Buo-
naparte and the restored Government. They
are distinguished as ,a literary party not less than'
by their politics, and have obtained a lucrative
share in the system of education in France,
which is an extensive branch of the Government
patronage in that kingdom. They were still
more nearly connected with the present Ministry,
even to having seats in the Council of State. But
a schism took place something more than twelve
months since. They have approximated to the
Liberals, and M. Guizot has within that time
published, we believe, four books, of no inconsi-
derable size, and of unquestioned talent, against
I the actual composition as well as principles of
,he Administration of France.

[NEW TIMES.]
The opinion, which we yesterday stated, that
Brazil would ere long be declared independent
of Portugal, is entertained, we learn, by most per-
sons acquainted with the former country. Among
other changes there the Freedom of the Press
has been established ; end though the readers
may not be very numerous, we may be sure they
will prove active. The chief topics which may
be expected to engage their attention are those
which relate most immediately to their own inte-
rests ; and it will not be difficult to persuade them
that they understand these better than the Por-
tuguese. Assuming then, that they will cast off
the European yoke, we may be permitted to in-
quire how far such an event is likely to benefit
the commercial interests of England ; and we
confess that in this respect our hopes are not
very sanguine. The colonial system of Portu-
. gal, defective as it may have been, still left us

the means of a considerable intercourse direct or
iudirect with Brazil. The private letter from
Rio de Janeiro, in our Paper of yesterday, states,
that the Custom=house, warehouses are fully
choaked up with European goods, and that the
stores of the traders and shopkeepers wire
equally fall. We trust, therefore, that anywild
hope of finding new and extended markets, will
not induce our countrymen to enter into large
speculations in the event of such a Revolution
as that which we anticipate. Whatever may
be the ultimate effect of the Independence, it
cannot for some years add to the credit or
resources of the Brazilians. There must be
a long period, during which the interruption
of mercantile connexions, anti the disturbance
of industrious habits, will impoverish the coun-
try, and of course lessen its demand for imported
articles. Already has this state of things begun
to take place. "We know not," says the Mer-
chant who writes the letter in question, " to
whom we can confide our property ; for as no
sales can be effected but at long credits, and
as our currency (now consisting wholly of Bank
paper and Copper money) becomes daily more de-
preciated, it is impossible to foresee at what rate
of exchange we shall eventually be able to realise
the proceeds of sales into sterling Money." That
such a state of things may not ultimately be reliev-
ed by a wise Independent Government, we are far
from asserting ; but that is a matterof uncertainty,
while it is certain that the present stagnation
of trade in Brazil must increase for some time to
come. Already we hear of two, if not three
parties, taking up arms against each other; and
in the general debility of the Government the
Police is of course most destitute of efficiency.
—The environs of the city (Rio de Janeiro)
says one writer, " are infested by bands of
robbers, many of whom, thanks to the acti-
vity of the military, have been arrested ; but,
nevertheless, the proprietors of estates find
it necessary, in many places, to keep guard
by night." The same writer adds an ob-
servation which is remarkable.—" The persons
apprehended are whites."—This circumstance
seems to indicate that habits of insubordination
and violence have spread not merely amongst
the lowest and least informed classes ; but that
society is in a great degree unhinged. We
fear a Revolution is but a bad specific to cure
these evils.