The Sun.
London, England, 1844-12-03 00:00:00

THE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY ; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time for the AFTERNOON TRAINS

and a THIRD EDITION st SE YEN O'CAOCK, for POST, farefaining PARLIAMENTARY said all other NEWS in LONDON xp that Reur.

now described, it will be seen that three principal lines are pro-
vided. The first of these gives the most direct line from Lando*
to Edinburgh ; the second the best line from London through
Lancashire to the West of Scotland ; and the third the shortest

Caledonian Branches ..
202,544
West of Scotland Railways ...

THREE THOUSAND POUNDS REWARD.
STOLEN, the under-mentioned BANK of ENGLAND
NOTES, £1,200 in GOLD, and various BILLS ef EXCHANGE,
from the Banking.hous• of Messrs. ROGERS and CO., Cle-
ment's-lane, Lombard.etreet, London, on the night of the 94th of
November instant.
FIVE POUND NOTES,
Nos. Date.
59,145, October Ist
47,401 ..•
38,974 .••
69,177 ...
71,201 •••
71,202
71,203 •••
71,204 •••
71,205 •••
71,206 •••
71,207
71,208
71,209 !Pea
71,210 •.•
71,211 ••.
71,212
71,213 •••
71,214
71,215 •••
71,216
71, 217
71,218
71,219 •••
71,228
71,221
71,222 •••
71,223 •••
71,224 ...
71,225 •••
71,226 ...
71,227 ...
71,228 ...
71,229 ..
71,230
71,231
71,239
71,233
71,234
71,235
71,236
71,237
71,238
71,239
71,240
71,241
71,242
71,243
71,244
71,245
71,246
71,247
71,248
71,249
71,250
71,251
71,252
71,253
71,254
71,255
91,256
71,267
71,258
71,259
71,260
71,261
71,262
71,263
71,264
71,265
71,266
71,267
71,268
71,269
71,270
71,271
71,272
71,273
71,274
71,275
71,276
71,277
71,278
71,279
71,280
71,281
71,282
71,283
71,284
71,285
71,286
71,287
71,288
71,289
71,290
71,291
71,292
71,293
71,294
71,293
71,298
71,297
71,298
71,299
71,300
86,481
86.482
86,483
86,484
86,485
86,486
88,487
86,488
86,489
86,490
86,491
86,409
86,493
86,494
86,495
86,496
$6,497
86,498
86,499
86,500 ...
91,334, August 2d
40,242, August 3d
72,269 ...
16,896, September 2d
52,285, March 84
33,156, October lit
33,121 ••
61,093 ...
84,740, October 13th
47,903, April 19th
73,101, September 3d
40,787, Octciber Ist
32,447
67,085, August Sd
6,567, November 20th
80,840, September 2d
73,542, July 97th
87,488, May 11th
38,190, September Od
82,890, July 3d
12,392, September 3d
42,043, August 2d
72,605, December 17th
41,687, October Ist
87,370
65,455 •••
96,428, June Ist
64,691, August 2d
64,070, October Ist
95,828, September 34
69,802, August 34
57,554, October Ist
08,262, July lit
46,387, October Ist
39,527
78,352, September 2d
17,648 August 3d
88,216, October Ist
81,322, April 26th
65,557, October let

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
The PROTEOSCOPB, a new apparatus for exhibiting
O?AQUE OBJECTS in Nature and Art, showing continued novelties.
The PHYSIOSCOPE, HYDRO-ELECTRIC MACHINE, DIVING-
BELL and DITER, DISSOLVING TIEWS, &c., ke. Dr. RTA.N'S
LECTURE daily, and in the Evenings of Monday, Wednesday,
and Fridays. Professor B/CIIHOFFNER'S varied Lectures abeund.
in interesting experiments.

Difference 76 576
. ~

line across the Island, from Carlisle to Edinburgh and the north.
east of Scotland.

The total population on the Caledonian Line, and on the Glas.
gow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, aid Edinburgh, Hawick, and Carlisle
Lines (excluding, as before, the cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow,
and that part of the line south of Gretna common to both), is,
On Caledonian Railway
On Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Rai1way,:283,230
On Hawick Line

Many collateral advantaged might be pointed out as resulting
from the above arrangement, but these will be more properly ex-
plained when discussing the merits of your line in detail.
In a public point of view, your Committee regard it as one of
the most important characteristics of the scheme now explained,
that although in itself more complete than any other, it can be
effected by a comparatively small expenditure of capital beyond
what is required for those new bees of railway, which are about
to be constructed solely for the accommodation of existing local
traffic. This statement requires a little explanation.
It has been mentioned that it is intended to form a railway from
Edinburgh to Hawick. The line has been planned, and is under-
taken by the North British Railway Company. The object is to
extend the Dalkeith Railway, now belonging to that Company
(which is at any rate to be improved and adapted for locomotives),
to the thriving manufacturing towns of Galashiels, Selkirk, and
Hawick, situated in the midst of the best wool-growing and
wool-manufacturing district in Scotland. On the other side of the
Island, the Ayrshire Railway Company have intimated their inten-
tion (without meaning to interfere with your undertaking) to
execute their long-projected scheme of a Branch Railway to Cum-
noc I .for the purpose of bringing into their line the passenger traffic
from that diet-ict, and of opening up the large mineral fields of the
Marquis of Bute, Sir James Boswell, and Lord George Bentinck,
in which the celebrated blackbansi ironstone has been distinctly
ascertained to exist ; and where extensive additional iron-works are
about, it is believed, to be erected under leases recently entered into.
Such being the case, the whole length of new railway will require
to be made for the purpose of completing the two trunk lines from
Edinburgh to Carlisle, via Hawick, and from Glasgow to Carlisle,
via Dumtries, will be—
Hawick to the Dumfries line, near Carlisle say 35 miles.
Cumnock to Carlisle
Making in all
The capital required for which may be roughly estimated at
12,000/. per mile, or 1,298,0001.
Your Committee are so satisfied of the capabilities of the line
between Hawick and Carlisle, and of its importance to you, not
only as a part of the general plan to be submitted to Parliament,
but as a branch and feeder to your line, that, with the unanimous
concurrence of a meeting of your extraordinary Committee of
Management, they have undertaken to the Board of Trade, to apply
to Parliament in a subsequent Cession for powel`to make it, in the
event of the general scheme of international cemmunication
above-mentidesed being adopted.
Another most important characteristic of the scheme now de-
scribed is, that it interferes in no way with the interests of any
existing line of railway. but furnishes new feeders both to the four
cotch lines of railway referred to at the outset, and to all the
English railways with which the projected lines are to be connected
Your Committee, however, would not be discharging their duty
were they net, in the next place. shortly to call your attention to
the origin and history of another plan, which is about to be brought
into Parliament under the name of the Caledonian Railway, and to
contrast the public and private advantages it holds out with those
which may be obtained by the scheme already described.
It will probably be known to all of you that the Royal Commis-
sioners, Sir Frederick Smith and Professor Barlow—who were
appointed in 1840 to report on the projected railways between Eng-
land and Scotland—proceeding upon the assumption that only one
would be made, expressed a preference for a line passing over the
high ground which occupies the centre of Scotland. In doing so,
however, the Commissioners carefully reserved the question which
of the various routes ought to be preferred, in the event of its
being found practicable to make two or more lines. The following
are their words :—" Were this otherwise (viz., were more than
one line to be made), we should subdivide the question into two
branches, and consider, in the first instance, which of the several
lines would be the most suitable for a communication by Lancaster
to Glasgow, as well as to the West of Scotland and to the North of
Ireland, and which would be the best route by Newcastle to
Edinburgh."
The line thus preferred by the Commissioners, " under the
supposition that at present one line of railway only can be formed
from the South to Edinburgh and Glasgow," recommended itself to
them chiefly in consequence of its having two forks or branches at
its northern extremity, the one terminating in Edinburgh, and the
other in Glasgow ; but the barren character of the country through
which it would run, and probably some consideration of the extra
expense of working it, arising from the steep gradients rendered
necessary by its summit of 1,000 feet, induced the Commissioners
to record their opinion that "it was hardly to be expected that such
a line would command much support as an investment from the
general speculator ;" and to add, that, " unless the principal landed
proprietors along the line should feel disposed to give the under-
taking their hearty support, rather with a view to the increased
value it would give to their property, than to a large remunerating
dividend, there seems considerable doubt whether it will ever be
constructed."
The publication of that Report, and the facts it disclosed, in
place of lending to the early execution of the Beattock or Central
Line, had the effect of deterring the public from embarking in it,
and of directing their attention to the more profitable investment
presented by the East Coast Line from Newcastle to Edinburgh..
The North British Railway, being the Scotch portion of that line,
was accordingly brought forward in 1842—was sanctioned by as
Act of Parliament obtained last session—and is now in course of
being made.
The effect of this decision of Parliament in favour of an East
Coast Line, which removes the only ground on which the Royal
Commissioners had preferred the Central Line, is not even yet ge-
nerally known. Accordingly, the scheme of a Beattock Railway
which was revived last spring, with some modifications that led to
the adoption of the new name of the Caledonian Railway, has been
generally received by the public under the erroneous impression
that it has still the sanction of the Commissioners' authority.

TEN POUND NOTE&
Nos. Date.
97,043, Octobet 4th
97,044 ..•
97,046 ...
97,048 ...
87,154 ..
4,763, November 4th
11,465
11,486
11,487 ..•
643 ...
70,157, October. 4th
94,382
94,281
18,468 •••
31,570, July 93d
87,938, July 4th

- Admission, is.; Schools, Half-price.
A New Edition of the CATALOGUE, continuing Tim* liendred
additional Works of ♦rt, &c., since the last reYisal, is just pablishen
price Is.

Difference

COGAN and GILLO'S NOVARGENT, or
SILVER SOLUTION, re•silvers worm out Plated Articles,
by immediately depositing a Coating of rare Silver on the surface,
and Preserves and cleanses Silver, Plated ware, and German
It is used with less trouble than cleaning, and is war-
ranted not t• contain Mercury or anything injurious. It has been
highly approved by Dr. Ryan, Professor of Chemistry to the Royal
Polytechnic Institution , and other eminent Chemists and Silversmiths.

The particulars of each of these calculations are annexed to
this Report, so that there may be no possibility of doubt on the
subject.
Fifthly.—With regard to traffic, your Committee are now enabled
to speak with more confidence, in consequence of having, since the
date of their Prospectus, taken measures to ascertain its amount
accurately, both on your own and on the Caledonian Line. The
result is, that upon the line of the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Car-
lisle Railway, the thorough and local traffic, taken together, is suf.
ficient to ensure an adequate return; but the thorough traffic be.
tween Glasgow and England, including, of course, what passes
along the road by Beattock, as well as what passes by the other
great road from Kilmarnock to Carlisle, is quite insufficient to do
so. It amounts to not more than 40 per cent, of the whole traffic
which will pass along your line. Were the whole of this trans.
ferred, without competition, to the Caledonian Line, on which the
local traffic is tr,fiing, it would not yield interest en its cost.
Your Committee de not feel any hesitation in speaking of the"
small amount of local traffic on the Caledonian Line, because their
statement is confirmed by the recorded opinion of the Royal Com-
missioners, already quoted ; and no one who has travelled along
the Beattock.road between Carlisle and Glasgow, by daylight, will
fail to remember that there are from twenty to thirty miles where
the sight of a cottage or a human being is a rarity.
Your Committee are aware that much reliance is placed by the
Caledonian Company on their prospect of traffic from the north of
Scotland to England, by means of their connexion with the projected
Central Railway from Stirling to Perth. The Table if Comparative
Distances, to which your attention has already been directed, will
enable yon to judge how far this traffic, whatever its amount may
be, is likely to pass along the Caledonian Line, which is more cir-
cuitous than either the North British or Hawick Lines. But, in
point of fact, the number of persons who travel south from Stirling.
shire or Perthshire, without having occasion to visit Edinburgh and
Glasgow on their way, is extremely small. Indeed, most of you are
probably already aware, that although there is a direct turnpike..
road, laid out by the late Mr. Telford, between Carlisle and Stir.
ling, there is not a single stage.coach or puldie conveyance upon it,
and it is deeply in debt.
On the other hand, with reference to the general prospect of
traffic on your own line, the following passage in the Report of
Mr. Locke, in 1836, may be interesting to you :—" Of the advan-
tage to all the towns in Scotland, through or near to which this line
will pass, no adequate can be formed. They exist in the most
favourable part of Scotland, requiring only a cheap means of trans.
port to develope the many resources they possess. Several of these
towns have already grown into some importance; and it should be
an object with the proprietors of the soil, and with the manufac-
turers of the district, to encourage the formation of a road like
the one proposed, so as to extend to them the benefits which it is
capable of affording."
Sixthly.—There are various other points in regard to which the
superior advantages offered by the Edinburgh, Hawick, and Car-
lisle Railway, and the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway,
require only to be briefly indicated. (1.) The former will open
up a connexion between the counties of Berwick, Selkirk, Peebles,
and Roxburgh, and the north-west of England, and south-west of
Scotland. These Scotch counties already combine the highest
state of agricultural improvement, with a growing woollen manu.
facture. (2.) In the neighbourhood of Langholm there are very
rich seams of coal which are at present landlocked, but the produce
of which the Hawick Line will be the means, not only of bringing
to the coast, but also of carrying farther into the interior, which
is at present suffering from the want of it. (3.) The Dumfries
Line, by giving a communication both from the south and north,
with the seaport of Annan, affords to the whole of that district of
country the means of communication with the best harbour on the
upper put of the Solway Frith. (4.) The Caledonian Line would,
even if a branch were made to Dumfries, afford very inferior ac-
commodation to that town, and to the counties of Kircudbright and
Wigton, from which a large number of cattle are at present sent,
partly by sea and partly by land, to England. (5.) The Caledonian
Line would, in like manner, afford a very inferior communication
between the north of England and the north of Ireland, either
by way of Port Patrick or the seaports on the coasts of Ayrshire.
(Lastly.) The Caledonian Railway would place in a less advan-
tageous position the whole population of the counties of Ayr and
Renfrew, which, together, contain 319,428 inhabitants, being
more than twice as many as the whole of Lanarkshire, exclud.
in Glasgow.
After the details which have now been given you, you will not
be surprised to hear that the Caledonian Railway, while it receives
a certain degree of support from the promoters of the Scottish Cen.
tral Railway, is opposed by almo.t all the other railway interests in
Scotland, including the Edinburgh and Glasgow, the North British,
the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr, the Glasgow, Dumfries,
and Carlisle, and the lines extending through Fifeshlre to the
north of Scotland.
Indeed, the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Company have the
strongest interest, and, at the same time, the strongest Parlia-
mentary grounds for opposing the Caledonian scheme, in conse-
quence of the two forks of the latter undertaking being so laid out
as to form a competing line for the traffic between Edinburgh and
Glasgow, not more than eifht or nine miles longer than the direct
route, and thus falling tinder the class of schemes which the Select
Committee of the House of Commons on Railways last session de.
nounced as unjustifiable, being a railway (to use their own words)
" which, if it is to remunerate the proprietors at all, can only
remunerate them by means of the abstraction of traffic, which is
already, for all substantial purposes, equally well accommodated by
some existing railway.'
Your Committee regret much the length to which their ob-
servations on the merits of your line, and those with which it has
been placed in competition, have extended. They will endeavour
to condense, into as short a apace as possible, the remaining points
which it is essential they should bring before you.

S-old whole,sale by- BARCLAY and SONS, 95, Farringdon-street,
London; and by JOSEPH RODGERS 'and SONS, 6, Norfolk-street,
Sheffield; and to be had in bottles, with full directions, at Is. and
3s. each, of all the principal Chemists, Silversmiths, and Furnishing
Ironmongers In the Kingdom.

BEIT.iRE OF IMITATION.—Tha genuine are all signed on the
wrapper, ay the Inventors, I. D. COGAN and R. GILLO.

54,1155, October 4th
b 5,973, July 4th
151, November 4tb

THE ASAM TEA COMPANY.
A Company has been formed for the Importation and Sale
of " Asam grown Tea." Asam (or Assam) is regarded with
considerable degree of interest on account of a highly favoured
species of Tea, growing in this important province of India, and
possessing such strength that when steeped one pound yields, at a
moderate computation, at the rate of Two pounds of the Chinese
leaf.

336 ..•
57,844, March 4tb
37,266, October 4th
93,179 •••
9,555, November 4th
1,133 .••
85,938, October 4th
96,517 ...
158, November 4th
83,880, September 4th
12,026, October 4th
38,683, September 4th
67,891, October 4th
TWENTY POUND NOM!.

This Tea Is furnished by the Company in an original and pure
state, at the Head.office, 11, Crooked-lane, King William.street,
City ; and by agents, whose names and addresses will be duly an-
nounced. Sample cases, containing four quarter lbs. of the ♦arious
sorts (price 7s. per ease), will be forwarded carriage free.

ATIONAL MERCANTILE LIFE ASSU-
RANCE COMPA.NT, Arthur-street West, London-bridge.
Established In 1837.

89,368, June Bth
83,982
79,344 ...
81,462
85,385
73,995 ...
84,899 ...
84,90 ...
88,701 ...
88,702
88,703 ...
88,714 ...
88,706 ...
88,706 ...
88,541

Lives continue to be assured in this Office ON ETERY KNOWN
STSTEM—Annuities immediate and deferred.
ADVANTAGES.

A BONUS of TWO-THIRDS of the PROFITS allotted to the
assured.

LOWER RATES of PREMIUM ckarged for assurances without
Profits,

PRE.MIIIMS payable Annually, Half-yearly, or Quarterly.

AMONGST OTHER DESCRIPTIONS of ASSURANCES granted
by this Office, is the important one, originated by the Society, of
securing a sum to the assured—himself on his attaining any given
age, or to his family in the event of his earlier death.
CREDIT ALLOWED (without Security) for One-half the amount
of the first Five Annual Premiums, paying interest thereon at 51.
per Cent. per annum.
FRED. BANKART, 2 Secretaries.
JOAN L. EVAN S,

44,488
89,364
88,540
87,388
83,823
83,824

LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITIES.
The following are Specimens of the LOW RATES of PRE-
MIUM charged by the AUSTRALASIAN COLONIAL AND
GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY COMPANY.

$3,825
56,510 • ...
$5,017
65,895
$7,325 ...
72,126 ...
69,663 ...
$7,861 4,141
56,510
21,189, February 17th
25,552
78,629, June 6th
36,962 ...
$8,930 ..
66,817 ..
44,495 ...

~• THIRTY POUND NOTES.
1•• 77,196, March 6th
76,011 ~.
76,012
78,345 ...
75,626 ...
•.• 74,367 ...
.•• 76,344
78,177
76,178
74,930
•••
74,082
75,537 ...
~, 76,235 ...
76,143
... 76,144
71,482
••• 70,183 •••
FORTY POUND NOTES.
... 52,736, May 7th
... 52,773 ...
... 52,774

50,656
30,657 ~„
51,161
51,162
51,163 ...
51,164 ...
51,165
51,759 ...
51,810 •••
FIFTY POUND NOTE&
99,379, August 6th
29,380 ...
30,069 ..
90,070 •••
95,49
95,798 •••
30,211 •••
25,953 ...
24,904
ONE HUNDRED POUND
NOTES.
91,503, May Nit
93,504 •••
96,505 ...
98,366 ...
94,191 •.•
96,303 •••
94,470 ..•
185, October 9th
99,021, May 9th
16. October 9th
TWO HUNDRED POUND
NOTES.
16,680, June 10th
18,681
17,127 ..•
18,734
16,995 .••
THREE HUNDRED PONN
NOTES,
60,967, January 11th
00,966 •.•
60,969 ..•
61,943 •••
60,648 •
FIVE HUNDRED POUND
NOTE.
66,689, January 12th
ONE THOUSAND POUND
NOTES.
46,232, May 13th
46,233 ,„
46,934 ••
46,235 .••
46,936 ..•
45,496 •.•
45,497
45,905 ...
45,906 ...
45,807
45,908 ...
45,909 •••
46,634 •••
43,589
42,657 •••
42,858 ...
47,833 ...
47,900
48,491
46,492
98,992
28,991 •••
40,645 ...
48,931 ...
42,111 ...
42,114
42,115 ...
44,206 •••
38,471
38,479 •••
38,473
38,474
48,675
48,676
44,459
39,715 •••

The line, as thus revived and modified, is meant to extend
from Carlisle, to a point at or Hear Lanark, and to diverge there
into two branches, one running to Edinburgh and the other towards
Glasgcw. A subordinate branch is proposed, from a point about
eight miles distant from Glasgow, to join a projected railway,
called the Scottish Central Railway, at Castlecarry; whereby a
connexion with Stirling and the North would be afferded. The
branch towards Glasgow is not intended to be carried so far as
that City, but, at some distance from it, will run-1, into certain
mineral railways belonging to separate Companies, and constructed
originally for the purpose of conveying coals to the high levels on
the north side of Glasgow ; and 2, into another projected line,
called the Clydesdale Junction, which is intended to convey
minerals and passengers to the low levels on the south side of
Glasgow. This complicated plan will be best understood by
reference to the accompanying Map.
In contrasting this scheme with that of which the Glasgow,
Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway is intended to form a part, your
Committee feel bound to consider, preferably, their bearing on the
general interests of the country.
First —The length of the Caledonian Railway, excluding the
Castlecarry Braise!), which is said to be about eight miles long, is
stated in the Prospectus, as being 119 miles, and the cost is there
estimated at 1,800,0001. In a subsequent report, published by the
promoters, it is stated, that, " In consequence of savings on other
parts of the line, the Castlecarry extension of the Caledonian Line
can be constructed without exceeding the capital upon which the
Prospectus proceeded " But, even after allowing this correction
of the original estimate, of the accuracy of which your Committee
have no means of judging, and without attempting to calculate the
miles
long
altering to
the Dumfries,minera
expense of a proposed branchof lobtohuetrwlsisme le
and of widening the guage, and
lines before mentioned, or the expense of the Clydesdale Junction
Line, which practically forms a part of the scheme, it would appear
that the single line of international communication proposed by
the Caledonian Company, would, without accommodating any
important local traffic, actually cause an expenditure of upwards
of 500,0001. more than the whole sum that would be required for
completing the two trunk lines of communication which your Corn.
mittee have already pointed out.
Secondly —Your Committee beg to refer you to the Comparative
Table of Distances on the accompanying Map, from which you
will observe-1. That the North British Railway, in connexion
with the projected lines from London to York, and from Newcastle
to Berwick, affords the shortest communication from London,
Leeds, Hull, and Newcastle, to Edinburgh and Stirling ; and that,
not only by the Fife Line, but even by the Scottish Central Rail.
way, which would be reached by the Eeinburgh and Glasgow
Railway, it forms the shortest route from London and the important
towns above.mentioned to Perth, Dundee, and Aberdeen.
2. That the Edinburgh, Hawick, and Carlisle Railway affbrds the
shortest line from Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, Bristol,
Ike., to Edinburgh ; and, in connexion with the Fife and Northern
Lines, to Perth, Dundee, and Aberdeen. S. That the Glasgow,
Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway is the shortest route from London
and the whole of England to Dumfries, Kirkcudbright, Port.
Patrick, for the north of Ireland, Kilmarnock, and Ayr ; and
that, allowing for the superiority of its gradients over those of the
Caledonian Line, on the principles of comparison established by the
Royal Commissioners In their Report of 1841, it affords the shortest
communication, in point of speed and economy, with Paisley and
Greenock. The only disadvantage, in point of distance, is in the
case of Glasgow; in regard to which, however, on the principles
laid down in the Commissioners' Report, the difference between the
two lines is reduced to t 3 miles, or less than half an hour in
point of time.
Thirdly.—The sections of the Caledonian, and Glasgow, Dumfries,
and Carlisle Lines, not having beets deposited, it is impossible
AS yet to speak accurately on the subject of gradients. It is quite
certain, however, that the gradients of the former will be inferior
to those of the latter. The fo;lowing are quotations from a report
made on the comparative merits of the two lines by Mr.
Locke, the engineer of the Caledonian Railway, in 1836. in
speaking of what is new called the Caledonian Line, he says, " I at
first directed ray attention to this route, which, as far as Beattock.
bridge, near Moffat, 1 found tolerably favourable ; in proceeding
farther, however, the valley for several miles rises very rapidly, until
reaching the summit near Elvanfoot, where it attains the height of
neatly 1,000 feet above the level of the sea—Beattock-bridge,
which is only 10 miles distant, being only about 300 feet above the
level of the sea. In 10 miles, then, the rise is nearly 700 sect,
which, supposing it to be uniform the whole way, would give an
inclination of 1 in 75.* Not wishing to recommend a line having
such a plane," &c. But in speaking of the line by Dumfries, Mr.
Locke says—" Of the levels of this route, I may say, that from
Carlisle to Dumfries, about thirty miles, the only inclinations will
be those which it may be desirable to encounter for the purpose of
saving money, those two towns being nearly on the sime level.
With the exception of the bridges across the Rivers Eden, Esk,
Sark, and Annan, which will neither be high nor very long, no
very considerable outlay will be required. The ground in some
parts is undulating, but not so as to render the formation of the
road either difficult or expensive." And again, with reference to
the portion of the line between Dumfries and Thornhill, he says
The levels in this part extending over a space of almost forty
miles,t will be nearly uniform, and gradually ascending for the
,a hole distance ; and with the exception of a short length of about
11,4 miles, about 1 in 180, I do not believe there will be a greater
inclination than what Is generally admitted in forming railways in
England." And, in regard to the rest of the line, he says, that
" although undulating, the road will not, I should think, be unfa-
vourable for locomotive engines."
Fourthly.--The population of the parishes intersected by the
Caledonian Railway, from the point where it leaves the route of the
Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway at Gretna, to the point
where the branches diverge at Lanark, a distance of about sixty.
five miles, is,
28,198
Caledonian Line
While the population on your line, between the same point
and Kilmarnock, is ... 60,686

You will recollect that the original rough estimate of the cost of

the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway, was at the rate of
13,0001. per mile. Mr. Miller, your engineer, hag not completed

, .
the detailed plans of the works, so as to enable him to say whether
any reduction can be made upon the estimate, but he assures your
Committee that there is no chance of its being exceeded. The
amount, therefore, which will be required to finish your line, will
be under 1,200,000/. Of this sum above four-fifths have been sub.
scribed and paid on, being more than is required by the Standing
Orders in Parliament to entitle your Bill to pass, even if you apply
for your whole line from Kilmarnock to Carlisle ; whilst, if your
Committee shall, on mature consideration, consent to the Glasgow,
Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr Railway Company proceeding with
their Bill, to the effect of taking power to execute the portion of
the Line between Kilmarnock and Cumnock, under an obligation to
convey it or lease it in perpetuity to you, if you desire it, the
amount which has been subscribed will be considerably more than
is required. In these circumstances, your Committee have resolved
not to issue at present any additional shares.
Your Committee have had very satisfactory communications
from most of the proprietors of land along the railway. They have
also received assurances of support from many of the Corporations
in the west of ficotland, snd particularly from the towns of Dum-
fries and Annan, in which both the magistrates an inhabitants
have resisted various attempts to draw them off, and have unani-
mously declared in your favour. The counties of AVr, Renfrew,
and Kircudbright, hive also passed resolutions approving of your
line.

Your Committee have thus laid fully before you the details of
the entire scheme of railway communication from England to
Scotland, of which your line forms a part. They feel perfect con.
fiden.te in its superiority over each other, as being beet calculated
to promote the interests of Seotland ; and they will proceed quietly
but sealously, with their preparations for the approaching examina.
tion of its merits before the Board of Trade and Parliament.
By order of the Provisional Committee,
Glasgow, Nov. 15, 1844. WM. LOGIE, Interim. Sec.

* In 1840 Mr. Locke prepared an amended plan, whereby his
gradient of 1 in 75 was to some extent improved, but to accomplish
this he was obliged to have recourse to severe cutting and banking,
which would, of course, add proportionally to the expense of the
line.

+ The summit is only 600 feet.
t The total population on the line between Glasgow and Car.
lisle, by Durnrries, including the termini, is 390,296.

THE WINTER'S WREAT
The winter's wreath Is a sparkling gem,
It glitters, it glitters so bright;
As crystals fair, the icicle there,
It beauty displayeth autright.
The mountain snow as it settles above,
The hailstorm bounding beneath,
The flooding rains, and the whirlwind high,
Oh I they All up the winter's wreath I
The winter's wreath Is a sparkling gem,
But it chilleth the human heart ;
And mortals shrink from its icy touch,
With a shivering throb and a start !
The wrappers of HYAM, we must confess,
Alone can protect our frame;
For thousands acknowledge with heartfelt glee
How truly great is his name !

1,616, April 15th
40,393, October let
51,445 ..
49,092 ...
49,584 •••
TEN POUND NOTES.
5,615, November 4th
5,614 ...
18,469 ...
18,470 ...
4,687 •••
97,040, October 4th
97,041 ..
17,049 ...

For winter drear his unbounded stock
Maintains the position be holds ;
Whilst countless supplies, in succession arise,
Each day with delight he unfolds.
Remember the shop, the number, the name,
Remember his bargains likewise;
L. lIYAM ranks proudly the chief of the trade,
Though noted the lowest in price!
3,000 Waterproof Wrappers, of the most fashionable materials,
rent Os. 6d. easels.
Observe—All garments at this establishment are marked the
price in plain figures, from which ne abaternen is made. Arty
article exchanged, which is not approved of, or the money returned.
L. HYAM, Tailoring and Outfitting Establishment, Pantech.
netheca, 36, Gracechurch-street.
READY-MADE DEPARTMENT.
Taglient er Chesterfield coats, from ......... ...... X, 1/ 6
•
111Allebnelrytown oairkWingatceorafotr:froßrniding ditto, from ...•.••.••.• 012
The Parisian Envelope, from
................... ..••• 1 1 0
Boys' and Youths' Taglionis, or Chesterfields, fr0m...... 0 $ 6
Men's Dress Coats, any colour, from
Ditto Surtout ditto,
ditto, from . ......... 1 b

Age........

Annual Prem.

£1 10 3

£2 0 7

£2 15 3

£4 1 8

£6 I 9

and of these Premiums one-third may remain unpaid in the hands of
the Assured, at interest to be deducted from the minas assured, when
they become claims.
Peculiar facilities are afforded for the assurance of the lives of per
sons proceeding to or residing In Australasia and the East Indies.
Immediate and Deferred Annuities are granted by the Company,
on very favourable terms, aid it is a peculiar feature in Its constitu-
tion, that Annuitants participate in the profits.

ERECTORS.
E. Barnard, Esq., F.A.S. Gideon Colfinhoan, Esq.
Robert Brooks; Esq. C. E. Mangles, Esq.
Henry Buckle, Esq. Richard Onslow, Esq.
John Henry Capper, Esq. William Walker, Esq.
SECRETART—H. Rylcy, Esq.

ditto vest, Ditto Black Trousers, from ...
D• •
p Dittooo
Tweetltt st
froi 0 4 6
Trousers, from • 7 6
Ditto Buckskin Trousers, from
Ditto Fancy Vest, from
Tunic suit, from
Hussar suit, from
Men's Moleskin Trousers, from
Ditto, ditto, very best quality, rule pocket, from ...... ••• • 8 6
Office Coats, from
BESPOKE DEPARTMENT.
Taglioni or Chesterfield Coats, from 0 15 0
Glenlyen or Waterford aiding ditto, from 1 0 0
The Parisian Envelope, from , 1 5 0
Albert Walking Coat, from ...... .. 1 10 0
Boys' and Youths' Taglienis and Chesterfields, from 0 12 I
Men's Dress Coats, any colour
Ditto Surtouts, ditti, from
Ditto Doeskin Trousers, any pattern, from ... 0 15 0
Ditto Black dress Trousers, from ... 0 18 0
Ditto Fashionable Vests, in endless variety, from ...... I 7 0
A New Book, entitled " The Age of Wonders," containing a
detailed List of Price's, Fashions, and Description of material for
the present seascyl„, can be had by applying to Mr. I...HYAM,
' rantechnetheca, 38, firaitchoreb.stresl, London,
_ .•

For prospectuses and other part!,
Bishopgate-street, corner of Cornhl

SCOTTISH (WIDOWS' FUND) LIFE AS-
SURANCE.

Capital accumulated and invested upwards of 1,450,0001. ; annual
revenue upwards of 220,0001.
The amount of capital sums insured since the commencement
of the Society is nearly 6,500,0001. sterling.
The next periodical investigation takes place on December 31,
1845.

Difference... 52,491
The population of the parishes on the two branches leading to
Edinburgh and Glasgow respectively, including those on the Clydes.
dale Junction Line, as contrasted with the population of the parishes
which lie up the West of Scotland Railways, at present terminating
at Kilmarnock, and their proposed branches (excluding, however,
in both cases, the cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow, which would
be Alike aoooraraoiated by the two schemes), would be,

lculars, apply at the offices. N 0.126

ASSURANCES COMPLETED BEFORE THE BOOKS ARE
CLOSED for the CURRENT YEAR have the IMPORTANT
ADVANTAGE of A FULL YEAR'S STANDING over those
delayed till after that period.
The Directors are now empowered to grant assurances for fixed
sums, without any claim on the part of those in right of the
policies to participate in the surplus fund or profit of the Society.
Forms of proposals and every necessary inTormation may be ob-
tained at the head office, Edinburgh, 5, St. Andrew-square; or at
any of the Society's agencies.— October, 1844.
JOHN MACKENZIE, Manager.
OFFICE IN LONDON, 7, PALL-MALL.
HUGH M'KEAN, Agent.

UNPRECEDENTED us": OF PRICES.
e. d.

Counterpanes, nearly 3 yards long, each
Heavy Blankets, 2 yards long, the pair 4 i
(Larger in proportion.)

Good Calico, ell-wide, 24 yards f0r.......
Horrock's Long-sloths (usually Gd.) 40 yards for...
Linen Sheeting, double width, the pair
Superb Linen Sheetinge, 3 yards wide, the pair lO 6
. -

_
Linen Table-clothe, 1 yards square, each 1 0
Two yards square, superb Damask, each

. .
Three yards long, splendid double Damack, each 6 6
Five yarcls long, a ch h suitable for the table of the nobility,

each
Damask Fish Napkins, the dozen .....................« 3 6
Damask Dinner Napkins, yard square, the dozen ' 8 6
Yard.wido Welsh Flannels, for Charities, per yard
Large Duffel Cloaks for ditto, each •.............. 3 6
Linen Dusters, twilled with borders, the dozen 2 0
Russia Round Towelling, 12 yards for
Knife-cloths and Kitchen-cloths, the dozen
Fine Nursery Diapers, 12 squares for 2 6
Damask Table Covers, yard and half square, each
(Larger in proportion.)

Pinafore Diapers, fine per yard 0 6
Yard wide Brown Holland!, per yard 0 4
Linen Crumb Cloths, 3 yards long, each
Furniture Dimities, a superior article, per yard 0 4
Toilet Covers, with fringe all round, each
Bordered Muslins, superior quality, 12 yards for
Sheeting Calicoes, extra stout, full 2 yards wide, per yard 0 6
Huckaback Towellings, 12 yards for
Linen Diapers, for table.cloths, nearly 2 yards wide, per

• yard
Long Lawns, the piece of 10 squares for
Lawn Handkerchief., tln• quality, the dozen ... 4 9
Real French Cambric Handkerchiefs, the dozen..... ... 9 6
Irish Linens, good quality, 26 yards for 2l 0
Superior, for shirting (West-end price Is. 9d.) 26 yards for 25 0
A box, curiously fine, for collars, 12 yards f0r.....

The above goods are part of the stock of Scolefield and Co., re.
cently purchased by BROOKS and CO., for 17,4001. The sale of
the above have just commenced at their principal establishment,
106, High.street, Borough, facing the end of Union.street.
Samples of the above goods forwarded to any part of town by
horse and cart, or into the country, if written for.

Whoever will give such information u will Ind to the apprehen-
sion of the guilty party er parties, or either of them, and the re-
covery of the property, or any part thereof, shall receive the above
reward, or a part thereof, proportionate to the sum which shall be
recovered.

And her most Gracious Majesty's pardon will be granted to any
one of the guilty parties who will give such evidence as will pee.
cure the conviction of the other offender or offenders.

MISS MARTINEAU'S CASE OF CURE.
PROTEST Of HYGEISTS against the MANNER in
which this CASE is PUT FORTH to the PUBLIC.

Ilygeists contend that publishing Miss Martineau's case to the
manner that newspapers have done tends to delude and cheat the
public, and to make them believe that health and disease depend
upon almost supernatural agency, or great and deep research. Miss
Martineau's case of cure should have appeared, as all other cases
of cure appear in newspapers, by whatever means effected, via., as
an advertisement. If Mesmerism be true, how is it that we don't
hear of cures in every hole and corner of the kingdom? Is one
isolated case, like Miss Martineau's, deserving of the parade which
has been made of it by the newspapers ? Certainly not, unless it
be to shroud the real truth in medicine in greater mystery than
ever. Compare Mesmerism with Hygeism, and let us ask whether
there is a hamlet or village throughout Great Britain where more
extraordinary cures than Miss Martineau's, solely effected by Mori-
son's Pills, are not to be found ? Therefore we ask again, why Is
all this fuss made about one isolated case, if it be not to confound
and perplex the public mind on the all-important question of true
medical treatment 1

luued by Messrs. Morison, of the British College of Health,
New.road, London, for and en behalf of the body of Hygeists.
London, December 2, 1844.

PUBLIC NOTICE.

Further particulars of the Bills of Exchange will be published.
Payment of the above has been stopped, and it is requested that
all information be forwarded to Mr. Francis Hobler, 26, Buckler&
bury, Mansion.heuse, London; John or Daniel Forrester, Mansion.
house, London ; or to any of the Inspectors of the City and Metro-
politan Police.

CHEAP SELF-SNUFFING CANDLES.
PRICE'S PATENT CANDLES, which burn
without snuffing, like Ike finest wax, are now retailed
throughout the country, at or under One Shilling per lb. But
care must be taken to prevent any imitation being passed off as
the Patent Candles; this attempt being made, and with too fre-
quent success, by sorae dealers, on account of the greater profit
upon the imitations.
The Trade may obtain them wholesale from Edward Price and
Co., Belmont, Vauxhall, and Palmer and Co., Button.etreet,
Slerkenwell.

FIDDLE AND PRINCE ALB
B. SAVORY and
A. Silversmiths, 14, Cornhi
England.—The best wrought Sl]
Fiddle Pattern, 7s. 2d. per ounce
7s. fd. per ounce. The articles ma
same price per ounce :
The Fiddle. oz. s. d. L. s. d
12 Table Spoons 30 at 7 2...10 15 0
12 Dessert ditto 20 7 2... 7 3 4,
12 Table Forks 30 7 2..10 IS 0
12 Dessert ditto 20 7 2... '7 3 41
2 Gravy Spoons 10 7 2... 3 11 8
4 Soup Ladle 10 7 2... 3 18 9
1 Sauce ditto 10 7 8... 3 16 8
4 Salt Spoons (gilt strong) 1 0 0
1 Fish Slice.... ..... ..... 51 10 0
12 Tea Spoons 10 7 8... 3 16 8
1 Pair Sugar T0ng5......... 0 15 0
Messrs. Savory and Sens mom]
It way novel and of unesamplia

BERT'S PATTERN PLATE.
[1 SONS, Manufacturing
ill London, opposite the Bank of
LVER SPOONS and FORKS,
e; the Prince Albert's Pattern,
ay be had lighter or beerier, at the

Prince Albert's. oz. s. d. A. s.d.
12 Table Spoons 40at7 6..15 0 0
12 Dessert ditto 26 7 6... 6 is 0
12 Table Forks 40 7 9...15 0 0
12 Dessert ditto 26 7 6... 915 0
2 Gravy Spoons 12 7 0... 4 16
1 Soup Ladle 12 7 6... 41J 0
4 Sauce ditto 12 6 0... 416 0
4 Salt Spoons (stronggilt) S 2 0
1 Fish Slice ... .... . . 10 0
12 Tea Spoons 14 . 0... 512 0
1 Pair Sugar Tongs. .. . ... 1 5 0
nend the Prince 4lbert'e pattern.
d beauty.

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

434, OXFORD-STREET.
TO SHIPPERS, OWNERS, CAPTAINS, AND OTHERS.
Copies of Testimonials, Gratis, by all Agents.
GRIMSTONE'S EYE SNUFF.—Under the
Patronage of his late Majesty, her Royal Highness the
Duchess of Kent, and the Lords of the Treasury, is universally re-
commended by the Faculty for its efficacy in removing disorders
i ncident to the Eyes and Head.
SIGHT RESTORED!—NERVOUS HEADACHE AND
DEAFNESS CURED!
Sty the most simple, delightful, and fragrant Compound?
Its mode of application is fraught with pleasure; many thousand
oures have been accomplished by its use, at a trifling expense, yet
certain in its operation. If testimonies be necessary to induce the
sufferer to make trial, Kings, Lords, and Commons have used It.
Ile Lords of the Treasury have sanctioned its use. Their late Ma-
jesties, the Duchess of Kent, the most eminent Oculists, Medical
Practitioners—with that gigantic balance, the Press—have eulogised
Grimetone's celebrated Herbaceous Compound, known as " Grim.
stone's Eye Snuff," for its efficacy in removing all diseases incident
to the Eves and Head. G. J. Guthrie , Esq., F.R.S. See J. B. Lich-
field, Eve's' Letter, Whitehall. Dr. Thomas. Dr. Andrews calls it
a national blessing—see his Reports touching its utility. The late
Mr.
I Abernethy with taany ethers, recommend Grimstone's Eye
Snuff, and call t " Man's best Friend," and the "Student's Vade
Mecum."
Dr. Andrews also recommends its use as a preventive. See his
reports in Nov. 1831. He states that the tenacious sympathy of the
membrane, within the nostrils, with the nervous system, that Grim-
stome's Eye Snuff, when frequently taken, must be of the greatest
benefit to the consumer; and, further, recommends its universal
adoption as a preventative.
Dr. Thomas, of Hatfield, having witnessed many cases both of
headache and ophthalmia, has kindly given his testimony thereof.
A few of the many thousand Testimonials of Sight restored and
Deafness cured by GRIMSTONE'S EYE SNUFF:—
" T. W. Grimstone, Esq. " April 20th, 1844.
" Dear Sir,-1 feel bound by a sense of justice to inform you of
the miraculous cure effected on myself by taking a few pinches of
the far celebrated Gnmstene's Eve Snuff, which, in my case, ought
rather to be called' Ear Snuff,' it having effectually relieved me from
a deafness from which I have been suffering for many years. You are
at liberty to make any use you please of this communication, since I
should mush regret if the extraordinary qualities of your Eye Snuff
were not universally known.
" I am, dear Sir, your obedient servant,
" Granton, Scotland. " M A RGARET MACGREGOR.
" I can vouch for the truth of the foregoing facts and statemen
" May 8, ISI4. " JAMES SH LITER, Kentbury, Berks."
G. W. M. Reynolds, editor of Chambers' London Journal, kc..
teller edof excruciating pains, and can now write with---t spectacles
—3 F,Stamford-steet, Blackfriar's-road.
Madame F. Lespls, facing the church, Park-street, 'Windsor; cured
of dimness of sight and headache.—Dth September, 1838, and 1813.
J. B. Lachfleld, Esq. ; cured of Ophthalmia Whitehall and
Thatched HOLM Tavern.—See his letters, 1838 and 1842.
Observe the Caution—W. (BRIMSTONE is the sole inventor,
and the only genuine is prepared by him.
. .
This Odoriferous Herbaceous Compound of Herbs is sold in
canisters, at 81., Is. fid. is. id., 4a. 44., 85., and 15s fid each, by the
Proprietor, W. GRI MSTONE, at No. 434, Oxford-street, Totten-
ham-court-road end (late of No. 25, Broad-street, Bloomsbury),
and it the Herbary, Highgate; aid can also be obtained in all the
principal Towns and Cities. A liberal allowance to Shippers
Owners, Captains, and all Vendors of Gnmstone's Eye Snuff This
celebrated Snuff' as shipped to all quarters of the globe, and retains
Its benign qualities in every climate All Snuffs and Cigars shipped
on the shortest notice.
Any quantity can be forwarded throuals the General it by
' sending money orders. A 2s. 4d. muster, with post g ill cost
Si. and so on in IHIGHGikp proportio
• lIERBARY A T

EMPLOYMENT.—Persons having a little time
to spare are apprised that Agents continue to be appointed I.
London, and country towns, by the EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY,
or the sale of their celebrated teas.
Offices, Ne. 9, Great St. Helen's-churchyard, ISishopsgate-street.
They are packed in showy leaden canisters, from one ounce to a
ound, with the price and weight marked on eack packet, and but
ittle trouble is occasioned by the sato. The license is only lie. per
annum, and many during the last nineteea years have realised con-
4derable incomes by the agency without ene shilling let or loss.
Application to be made (if by letter post-paid) as above.

DAVIES'S CANDLES, sd. and sid. per lb.
Wax Candles, Is. 2d.—Fine Wax, le. sd.

Male's Superb Composite, requiring no snuffing, 100

-
Genuine Wax, 2s. 3d. Transparent Wax, 2s. 2d.—Genuine
Sperm, 2s. 2d.—Extra fine Moulded Candles, with the Improved
Waxed Wicks, 7d.—Yellow Soap, 465., 525., and Lis. per 112Ibs.—
Mottled, 60s. and 64s.—Windsor, Is. 4d. per packet.—Palm, is. 4d.—
Old Brown Windsor, Is. M.—Rose, 2s.—Superior Almond, 2s 6d.—
Superfine Sealing-wax, 4s. Gd. per lb.—Refined Sperm Oil, 7s. 6d. per
gallon—Solar Oil, 3s. 6d.
For Cash, at DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St
Martin's-lane (opposite New Slaughter's Coffee-house), Charing-cross

LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, AND ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c,
" He who ih pleasnre's downy arms
Ne'er lost his health er yeutlifu Icharrni,
A here lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me behold a man I"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price '2l, Bd.,
or sent by post, free, to any address, 3s.
ELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Eoay on
b., those concealed disorders originating in youthfill excesses,
and terminating in Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, and all those Sinking', Anxieties, and Tremors, which
afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for
their perfect Restoration.
By SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon
9, BEDFORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member of the University ef Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecary's Hall, London,&c.
The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the In-
herent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented
throngh the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. Te such,
among others, this Essay addresses itself ; and by its perusal many
questions may be satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even
to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette.
" Long experience in the treatment of a class of diseases hitherto
neglected and most imperfectly understood by the great bulk of the
medical prefession, has enabled the writer to prove that there are
conceale t causes of Nervous Debility in exi.tence, where the were
routine practitioner would never dream of finding them; trace,ule
to certain habits, forming the most secret, yet deadly, and I.' al
springs of domestic misery, and premature mortality."—Wakefield
Journal.
Published by the Author, and sold In London by S. Gilbert, 51 and
52, Paternoster-rew ; Starie, 23, Tichberee-street, Quadrsnt Regent
street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery•
lane; Gorden, l46,LeaslenhalLstreet ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Tiaree, and from Five till Eight,