The Sun.
London, England, 1844-08-26 00:00:00

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FIFTY POUNDS REWARD.
;Ii hard substance obtained by pressure from the
?PAT 3,-rucle Cocoa-Nut Oil, is an essential ingredient In the PA-
and, as EDWARD PRICE and
there, °ft' the Patents for this process, and grant no licenses under
• in, t follovvs either, that' the imitation Composite Candles are
inf.io'Yndifrerent' from the Patent ones, or, that the Imitators are
thaou'i g the Patents : the first is generally the case, but
IT protectß
kid c;.°es here)nst the possibility of the other, EDW
A"
1 to any
ttork, y engages to pay a reward of. Fifty poum s ,
ctin.
Aatiti;l4,? or other person, who may give such information rest e ^
The
hint ~,,Preesing Cocoa-Nut Oil, as shall lead to their conviction.
hike _-` the informant will he kept strictly secret, and he need not
• rtloi'; Prominent part in the proceedings, as all that E. P. and Co.
Will the is the first clue to the discovery of the infringers, which they
lighttir follow up for themselves. This advertisement is being pub-
The (r.. "erY newspaper of any circulation in th.e United. K.ingdom .
• scow. andles are Cow so wellknown to the Public, that it is hardlyb
• wag ark state here that they barn more brilliantly than the
taking
ilia mind give so large an amount of light, as to be cheaper, ,
ka lii;:im account, than the commonest Tallow Candice, They may
• kill 4 °l'm-lost of the respectable Tallow Chandlers throug.hout the
Pffleini:',,, but purchasers must insist on being supplied with
aieel,
.. PATENT CANDLES," otherwise they are liable to he
a' Co e. with some of the imitations, all called, like the real ones,
I,keePT??4it.. Those parties, really in the trade, Who do not yet
-ute ,Aem for sale, are informed that they can purchase, of the Pa-
:, may, ;e* or of Palmer and Co Sutton-street, Clerkenwell, any quail-
kta arge or small, at the wholesale' price ; and that allowances are
'IOW! 1,'„1 An increasing ratio, to parties taking to the amount of 501.,
liarti.4l., or 200/ , latinie; .and a very large allowance indeed to
bale 7',t )(biz., large a quantity as to enable them to become whole-
Ael tits for an entire district.
-,-,...._°Lit, 'Vauxhall, 24th July, 1544.
THE,„ NON-IMPRISONAIENT FOR DEBT.
• .
,„. he passing of such a remarkable Rill
. . ;suss furnished a subr-ct for many a quill
Which
regard such an Act as a national boon,
' 'vhich is certain to bring about good, very soon;
lnd others are quite disappointed to learn,
iat:the statute for debtors has taken this turn.
r ith regard to ourselves, we shall never . egret,
vet"-, to tell you the truth, we are deeply in debt ;
' ,lA,It Yes, an amount most enormous we owe-
1n but for thi4 Art, we to prison must go.
I,,Eiet, we can scarcely tell what would be done
fi,lth mighty insolvents like MOSES and SON.
...„rue,etiree:der, no doubt, will be struck when he hears
t"at MOSES and S'N are so much in arrears.
us explain. The amount that we owe
'",..r,4 nothing to do with our capital no.
.isris " gratithde's debt" which we thus have contracted,
t 4 "rough the liberal anner the public have acted.
vast . debt of tha',ks" is the . debt" that we owe,
°rfavours which millions of patrons bestow.
And this is a . debt" which we never can pay—
And mark ! We will do all we can to defy.
if this is effected, what more can be done,
1, ' 7 honest insolvents like MOSES acid SON ?
lik ''' the cc, .
ettion,,, tivenience of parties residing from town, on application,
lth -"4 ,elf-measurement will be forwarded post free.
A.,..%tin. ~ READY MADE. X S. d.
~,!1vat.4,,-.?ats in every variety from 0 1(1 0
i)reacl r. ditto seven pockets
io tt% i„011onts ... .
0 S 6
Zahrohe".. with silk . Fa.ci.n..gs”, collars, and cuffs
0„ ihnni,"„te Coats in every shape, handsomely trimmed
413 10 0
eirner-,-;stock of Blouses
bet
•.... ................................. .. .. , .........................
to
8 6
bit-,.. satin , . Persian ditto, in every variety
Ito, 0,.,„ esti
:itotlietto.'"Zedritto
All tnitiodud........ .....................................................
00
191 0
ntrit.Z4t vail t ",„,.
0 7 0
artoek ditto;
tlYsdVlramer ditto
1 0 0
`,O. Maul.
1 4 0
P'6l,,:eitneen'ditt .... ..... •••• ....... . • ••• .....
i 1 . ,Clat, • MADE TO MEASURE.
11-1 the most approved style
caq•ci cam. o,clitto, seven pockets
w „tee_ . trimmed with silk Ol6 II
'441)114 r' fine Saxony 1 3 0
ex otos, rettes New
riiltiti, trimmed
with
improved article, warranted water-
sah I Yeats -, silk, collar, cuffs, &c 1 18 0
rnere ,e.: ~, each, or three for
gii,seirs „,,f,!. in choice patterns
)tasted' Vij_%tect for the season
... .
t4iir._ and plain doe
-...7t 1.),.... ............ , ..... ... .....
lafliN e„,:ali, .................................. •...... ..
....
1 6 0
"0, ditto r_ .... ..• ..................... ... ...................... ..
tb'k coat* .... Manufactured . . .) 15 0
eat 1na,t0t,.L..~
'l4aralite
h 0 any
3 30
lig , any extent can be had at five minutes' notice, at the
ffe"S
Ise ~Uits. dre following prices
sotto -. ," coat, vest, and trousers from 1 16 0
Isipo *Psexet vest d sto„itlaiat * ,an trousers from 018 0
s.p.e.iinged—knY article purchased or ordere,:, if not approved
)4,,,,ers e____* 0! the money returned.
liipau;l:7,4o..l):af;..:4logaStE:ciatoy,i, So,, falters, wholesale arid Retail
.711. abd.arlrli. Outfitters, and General Wareh ousemen, 154, Ml-
opposite , he Church
,z;,ilse:o6"een rsert;;sertlin7t
talio, trrin,-:.. noses' and Son are obliged to guard 0 public
having learned that the untradesman Ii ke
connected with them, or it's the same cescern,
and ik have no ..,_ M. many instances, and for obvious reasons.
illaap"use .44, 'fonexion whatever witn any ather establAiment,
a. lio,ntra__ _ ueeire genuin- Cheap Clothing should cto pieyynt
Cillte theT'; am
I call or send to. 155. Minories. or at,. Aldeate,
tell. ' Ne binaurch•
..,-r tiii nets transacted at this Establishment from sunset on
-"Klr, tatoset an saturday. when businees is resumed till twelve
C
"Intro Wanted, No premium required.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
EXCURSION from LONDON to BATH, BRISTOL,
. TAUNTON, and EXETER, and back, on MONDAY, September 2,
1844, and following days.
The Director, of the GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY have
determined to afford to persons desirous of visiting BATH,
BRISTOL, TAUNTON, or EXETER, an opportunity of so
doing, by means of the following "EXCURSION TRAINS,"
at Reduced Fares:--
„ Special Trains will leave London for Bath and Bristol on Mon-.
naY, 2d September, at 7 o'clock, a.m., and on Friday, 6th Septem-
ber, at 3 o'clock, P.m.
Returning from Bristol and Bath to London either on Wed-
n_e•day. the 4th September, at half past 7 o'clock, .t.m., or on
oaturday, the 7th September, at 4 o'clock, P. M.
Special Trains will leave Bath, for Taunton and Exeter, calling
at Bristol, and starting thence half an hour later on Tuesday, 3d
September, at $ o'clock, A.m., and on Satuiday, 7th September, at
. o'clock, P.M. Returning from Exeter to Bristol and Bath
either on Tuesday, 3d September, at 4 o'clock, P. m., or on Friday,
GUI September, at half-past 7 o'clock, A.m.
The Reduced Fares will be, for these Excursion Trains,
Ist Class. 2d Class
London to Bath and Back
Bath to London and 8ack..... 1 28s. 19s.
London to Bristol and Back
• isto• 2
r
Bl to London and Back .. ......
Bristol to Exeter and Back
Exeter to Bristol and Back 189. 1 le.
••
Bath to Exeter and Back
, Exeter to Bath and Back
The Tickets will enable Passengers to travel by any of the Ex.
. cursion Trains, Up or Down. •
BY this means, parties may travel ' from London to Exeter or
Taunton,
y, to by taking the 7 A.M. Train from London, on the Mon.
da
Bristol'; proceeding thence to Exeter or Taunton, on Tues.
daY Morning.
. They can remain at these place, until Friday morning, when
.
they will return to Bristol, and reach London by the Saturday
Evening
Train, from Bristol.
Further particulars may be obtained by application at the Pad-
. dingtno, Exeter, Taunton, Bath, or Bristol Stations, where Tickets
... are to be obtained ; and for any number exceeding twenty, taken
' • by one individual, an allowance of Is. per Ticket will be made.

„,:t:lr- - TWENTY POUNDS REWARD. - AB-
SCONDED, on Saturday night last, taking with him about
Two Mildred Pounds, in Notes, Gold, and Silver, GEORGE SCOTT,
dark curly hair, sharp
aged about twenty-three years, rather sallow complexion, grey eyes,
Pram features, of somewhat muscular and propor-
tionate'
titnecvletes
pro-
minent mouth ! .
e' high cheek-bones projecting under forehead, and pro-
, has a slight mark on the chin, and is about five feet
office, El: er
in height ; usually wears dark clothes.
will give information to Mr. Wood, "Weekly Dispatch”
' Geoi ga et-street, that may lead to the apprehension of the' said
wed Scott,
shall receive the above reward.
. ___Y, Attgust 14, 1844.

GOLDEN/.
s' LION COMMERCIAL HOTEL AND POSTING-HOUSE,
ToB
BOTTOM OF BRIGGATE, LEEDS.
z
~, LET, all that old-established and well-
tethed -,•,•(itlented HOTEL, with the stables, yard, and tap-room at-
Ing I,,s;.‘yesreto, in the present occupation of Mrs. Lee, who is declin-
tliwn„ e• The house contains large and spacious commercial,
panti.l:.ancl sltting-rooms ; lofty bed-rooms, kitchen, and waiters'
of horJ, ePacious vard, lock-up coach-houses, stabling for any number
er,,,,4.11: and a tap-room adjoining the house, and is replete with
luerit..O"ter convenience calculated for carrying on an extensive and
(1, sir "ve trad
. --e, and altogether presents a nue opening to any person
on b"e of entering the business, it having been successfully carried
situ,Ltho Present occupier and family for a number of years, being
ted near the Railway Station. Coaches and omnibuses leave the
at'3' every hour. The furniture and fixtures will have to be taken
• I° r:Palar4t itar s, inquire on the premises, or at C. J. Oliver and Son's,
isers, Talbot-yard, Briggate, Leeds.

• NOTTINGHAMSHIRE,
To BE SOLD, PURSUANT to a DECREE of
int;,. the HIGH COURT of CHANCERY, made in a Cause of
. 0 14 v. SANDERS, with the approbation of Sir GIFFIN WILSON,
4t e
Masters of the Court, at the George the Fourth Hotel,
Three o'Clock in
on -SATUR
Hie AfteDAY, the 14th day of September, 1844, at
rnoon, in Lots,
the t REEIIOLD ESTATE, consisting of a piece of Land, situate in
Robinson,Parish of St. Mary, Nottingham, late in the occupation of Daniel
and two Messtiv,es and Gardens thereto, situate Basford
the r!,,
• _ and a --unty of Nottingham,' in the occupation of Thomas Walker
"her. and also a piece of land at Basford, in the occupation of
Carey.
bZinted particulars may be had (gratis) at the said Master's Chain-
• . Johnson in Southatripton-buildings, Chancery-lane, London ;of Messrs.
erSon, and Weatherall, King's Bench-walk, Temple, Solicitors ;
and• ridde3V,Paper-buildings, Temple, Solicitor ; of Messrs. Cann
Sanders Nottingham, Solicitors ; and of Mr. Snowball, Liver-
Solicitor; and at the place of Sale.
JOHNSON SON, and WEATHERALL, Inner Temple.

240111'0RD, near STAINES. Fifteen Mlles from Hyde-park.
PERIOR FARM,
MANSION, and GROUNDS, TITHE-
. 4
FREE, and LAND-TAX REDEEMED.
,SSRS. ADAM HURRAY and SONS beg
co‘, t• announce that they are directed to SELLby PRIVATE
-PIR ACT,
ditt; VerY eligible FREEHOLD ESTATE, in a dry and healthy
stiiation, __,
auo genteel neighbourhood, about three miles iroru
,11...re5• and seven miles from Windsor, comprising a neat, gentle-
)), "I 7 Mansion, with attached and detached domestic offices,
boetre-grounds, paddock, walled gaden hot-house, green.
ever - nsh-Pond, double coach-house, and six.stalled stable, and
hc,),:_ennvenience far the comfortable residence of a family. The
~_ c contains a drawing-room and a dining-room, of good dime'''. -ions, librar • tod" Y. nine spacious and cheerful bed-rooms, housekeeper's
Ai .0 entrance-hall, butler's pantry, large kitchen, and cellaring.
March an excellent FARM; let on lease, which expires 25th
thenerrowi iasbelveeraagir ie
and next, containing 228 Acres of productive arable, meadow,
pastureOtheis land, with a convenient farm-house, barns, stables, and
niirs farther ultural buildings and labourers' cottages, loge.
Copyhold Cottages and Gardens.
Particulars apply to Messrs. Adam Murray and
47
wh Urve .
Ycn's and Land-agents, 47, Parliament.street, London,
4..........2rn cards to view the estate may be obtained.
81R W. BURNETT'S PATENT.
tn The cheapest and best process for the Preservation of Timber,
-avras, Cordage, Cotton, Woollen &c.
i.enses granted to Noblemen and Gentlemen to use the Prepara-
ti on .
and to others for the purposes of Trade, en advantageoes,
• -
' tenths.
oilYdranic Apparatus and Tanks, for the expeditions preparation of
a abovel ateri m als, at the principal station Millwall, Poplar, nearly
• • 13site Greenwich.
fintiurnerous Specimens and Testimonials may be seen, and every
°inn-.
•do, 'on obtained at the Office, No. 53, King William-street, L
l-brid,‘,.

ILEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE
SAUCE.
Prepared from the recipe of a Nobleman in the comity.
WoreGrea
m,
ernste Steam-ship, June 6, 1844.—The cabin of the,
e;ieerBs_ ha,s been regularly supplied with ' Lea
.and Perrnis
from turtle Sauce,'
which is adapted for every variety of dish,.
to beef—from salmon to steaks—to all of which it gives
I have great pleasure in recommending this excel-
tAe besteke° Captains and passengers for its capital flavour, and as
—°n,Paniment of its kind for a voyage.
S°l,l NVII „ (Signed) " JAMES lIOSKEN."
ceie,,ste,r ; 140°!'sale by the proprietors, Messrs. Lea and Perrins, Wor-
i;'4' oil ~,-.,srs• Barclay' and Sons, Farringdon-street ; and the prin-
-844"21,1 Italian warehousemen In London ; and retail by the
of sauces.

THE never-failing effects of BLAIR'S GOUT
and RHEUMATIC PILLS in curing every description of
Gout and Rheumatism, have secured to them a celebrity unequalled
by any Medicine of past or present times.giThey not only give relief
in a few hours, where the patient has been driven nearly to madness
by the excruciating tortures of tars disease, but restore to perfect
health in an inconceivably s'ort space of ime. They are equally
speedy and certain in rheumatism, either chronic or acute, lumb,go,
sciat ca, pains in the heat or face, and indeed for every rheumatic
or gouty affection ; in fact, such has teen the rapidity, perfect ease,
and complete safety of th,s medicine that it has astonished all who
have taken it, and there is scarcely a city, town, r •illage in the
kingdom, but contain many grateful evidences of its benign influen e.
The toll swing case selected from amon, those with which the pro-
prietor has been favoured, k submitted to the public :•—•
TO AM. PROVT, 229, STRAND.
Hurst, Sussex, Nov. 6, 1P43.
S.r,—l have the pleasure to inform you that a erson holding an
otchl situation, noticing in one of my bills that I was agent for
Blair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills, was induced to try them; he sent
to. a bon, and had 0, ly taken them one day hefo e he found wonder-
ful relief. The second day he was able walk without his crutches,
and on the fourth day was completely cured and able to perform his
ord 'nary occupation.
Previous to this he was generally laid up every year for several
weeks, after leeches and fomcntstions had been applied, and medi-
cine, taken to no purpose. I have ob'ained the above statement from
a psrsonal terview, and have sent this for publication if you think it
worthy, and shall be mo t happy at any time to satsify any party
desirous of ascertaining is authenticity.— I am, Sir, your obedient
servant, THOMAS WYBOR I, Chemkt.
Sold by Thomas Prout, 2`20, Strand, London, and by his appoint-
ment by all respectable medicine vendors throughout the United
Kingdom. Price s. per box.
Ask for Blair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills, and observe the name
and address of t. Thomas Prout, 729, Strand, Lontion," impressed
upon the Clevernment Stamp affixed to each box of the genuine
Medicine.

BURGESS' ESSENCE of ANCHOVIES,
Warehouse, 107, STRAND, corner of the Savoy-steps, London.
JOHN BURGESS and SON, being apprised of the numerous en-
deavours made by many persons to impose a spurious article for their
make, feel it incumbent on them to request the attention of the
public, in purchasing what they conceive to be the original to ob-
serve the Name and Address correspond with the above. The gene-
ral appearance of the spurious descriptions will deceive the un-
guarded ; and, for their detection, J. B. and Son, submit the following
cautions:—Some are in appearance'at first sight, '• the genuine," but
without name or address ; some " Burgess's Essence of Anchovies,"
and others " Burgiss's ;" and many more without address. John
Burgess and Son, having been many years honoured with such dis-
tiuguished approbation, feel every sentiment of respect towards the
public, and earnestly'solieit them to inspect the labels previous to
purchasing what they conceive to be of their make, which they hope
will prevent many disappointments.

BURGESS' NEW SAUCE, fir general purposes, having given such
great satisfaction, continues to bo prepared by them, and is recom-
mended as a most useful and convenient sauce ; will keep good in all
climates.

Warehouse, 107, STRAND, corner of the Savoy-steps, London.
- • The Original Fish-sauce Warehouse.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNAL.
FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
GLOBE.—The tardiness with which the inquiry
into the Landlord and Tenant system in Ireland pro-
ceeds, and the improbability of any considerable prac-
tical advantage to the population from the labours of
the Commission, have been often made the subject of
complaint and prediction. We do not expect any,
new disclosures by the publication of the report, ap-
pear when it may. It is not information as to the
state of Ireland, and the causes of the depressed and
disorganised condition of the people, that is required ;
but an honest purpose to remove their grievances ; with
which all who are not wholly ignorant of the social
condition of Ireland, are acquainted and must deplore.
The, appointment of the Commission to inquire into
the nature and practical operation of the relations
which exist between the landlords and tenants in Ire-
land, was a mere pretext, resorted to by Sir Robert
Peel for the purpose of evading the demand for a
practical remedy for well-known grievances. It was a
weak apology for doing nothing. The source of most of
the monster miseries of that wretched country, and the
provocatives of its peasantry to those terrible instances
of what has been described as " the wild justice of
revenge "—by which it is degraded and disgraced—
will continue to operate. The report of this Conimii.;*
sion—fraught with facts which have been elicited by
former Commissions and Committees, and published in
their reports—will be laid upon the tables of Parlia-.
ment, and ordered to be printed, with all the pomp
and circumstance of some new revelation. Thus
the farce of inquiry will close. While, however,
the Commissioners are carrying on the inquiry at
the several places they visit, with closed doors, and
all the other means of keeping the information they
receive sacred from the prying curiosity of the
public, some of the particulars they collect escape,
by some means or other, and thus prematurely obtain
publication. The following facts, published in the
Irish journals, as having been given in evidence before
the Commission, though not new, sufficiently illustrate
the condition of the peasantry, and account for the
recklessness they occasionally display
." In consolidation of farms agrarian outrages have
chiefly originated. This has diminished labour and
caused great distress and misery, driving many of the
evicted tenants to desperation.
FAnNING POPULATION.—Large farmers with grass
lands are in some cases is a comfortable condition.
With tillage lands the contrary is generally the case.
Small farmers are commonly struggling for a liveli-
hood ; and labourers are in the most wretched state.
Wages, where employment cart be had, seldom ex-
ceed sixpence per day, without food. Witness knows
many families who can get no more than one meal of
potatoes and salt a day. The Government loan fund is
of great service to labourers. .

The rent on small farms is generally higher than on
the larger ones—the rent of small farms is generally
paid in cash, and witness believes more punctually than
that of large farms. The children of tenants. on the
death of their parents, are left to the care of friends,
who, in general, perform the duties of guardians, if the
farms are left to them. Labourers in the country
usually hold cabins with little or no land from far.
mers, but they usually reside near or in towns, where
their condition is -miserable in the extreme. In the
country, the rent, is paid by distress, or civil bill at
Quarter Sessions. .The con-acre system, which prevails
in some parts, is of infinite service ; but for this they
would be unable to obtain provisions. Con-acre is
usually set at 101. per acre, and taken from farmers. In
many cases employment cannot be obtained,at any rate
of wages. The wages usually given are Bd. per day in
summer, and 6d. in winter. Witness has known la-
bourers to go seven or eight miles at four o'clock in the,
morning, and offer to work the day for Gd. Agrarian
outrage in almost every case has arisen from the eyie-
tion of tenantry."
" Lord DEVON—Do the Catholic clergy assist, by ad-
vice, to put down agrarian outrage?
" Answer—Yes, always; and but for the advice of the
Catholic clergy, the dread of future punishment, and the
hope of future reward, I am confident assassinations
would be more frequent.
" Lord DEVON —How did these outrages originate?
" Answer—Before the passing of the Emancipation
Act, gentlemen gave leases to a numerous tenantry for
the purpose of snaking them 40s. freeholders, and had
frequent intercourse with these tenants for different
purposes; but since the passing of that Bill the landlords
have consolidated their farms, and driven the smaller
farmers to seek employment as labourers when no em-
ployment could be obtained. If the landed proprietors
had more intercourse with their tenants, and corrected
such grievances as lay in their power, I feel confident
that the tenants would do all they could to cultivate
their friendship. But the rents are chiefly paid through
agents, who, having no interest in the welfare of the
tenantry, do not care, with some honourable exceptions,
what becomes of the tenant, so that 'the rent is paid.
;Cow, as the rents are frequently demanded at a time
when the tenant is not able to pay it, from not having
sold his crops, an eviction takes place, and the tenant
is driven nut on. the world. From the number of
these evictions, the -tenants look on the landlord
with suspicion ; the laridlord„, on the contrary, equally
fears and suspects the tenant • .and thus originate the
agrarian outrages. Some landlords and agents ask their
rents in a harsh and intemperate manner ; thmS. appears
to the tenant as if the landlord or agent owed him some
ill-will, and he is, therefore, afraid that they will evict
him. Tenants will make great sacrifices to serve a ,
landlord or agent who deals with them in a kind and
courteous manner. I know of some landlords and
agents who are more kind and generous to tenants of a
desperate character than to their more industrious and
peaceable tenants."
\\That security can exist for the preservation of
social order, or for the respect in which life and pro-
perty should be held by the community, to render
both secure, in a country where masses of the popu-
lation are thus made to feel that " that the world is
not their friend, nor the world's law ?" One advan-
tage will result from the inquiry, though not pre-
cisely that which Sir Robert Peel contemplated
when he issued the Commission. The wretched
condition of the small farmers and labourers will be
again exhibited—a condition more deplorable than is
to be met with in any other portion of civilised
Europe. The cause of that deeply-seated and
widely spread moral and social wretchedness will
also be partially, if not fully, developed. Though
not within the range of legislative interference, nor
to be cured by the interposition of Government, the
exposure will not be altogether futile. Publicity
will be secured; and public opinion will be brought
to bear upon the landed proprietors ; to whom, as a
class, the calamitous circumstances of the tenantry
and labourers must be attributed. Neglect of the
duties of property, with a rigorous exaction of their
rights—and in many cases extortion of more than
their legal claims—constitute the source of Ireland's
monster grievance.
STANDARD.—The paper pellets which have
been fired from the masked battery of a Contempo-
rary at Lord Brougham's Act for abolishing impri-
sonment for debt for all sums not exceeding twenty
pounds, afford ample evidence, if further evidence were
wanting, of the absolute necessity that existed for
such a measure; the virulence and unchristian vindic-
tiveness displayed by these writers clearly evincing
what degree of forbearance might be expected by
the most honourably disposed debtors at their hands.
For the obstruction it has met with in other quarters
it would be more difficult to account, if-one of its ob-

jects had not been to protect the unfortunate insolvent
from the rapacity of a class of persons who are often
the chief cause of his inability to meet his engage-
ments; and vvliose rapacity is frequently the only ob-
. stacle to his release from prison, when the obduracy of
his creditor has been finally overcome. ln-the teeth
of the opinion of Lord Brougham, that the:attestation
of the affidavit of the insolvent need not cost him more
than half-a-crown, the Commissioners of the Bank-
ruptcy Court, al lough not entirely agreed as to
the extent in. which the unhappy debtor shall be
mulcted, are sufficiently of accord as to the im-
possibility of his dispensing with the services of an
" attorney-at-law ;" and whilst some of these func-
tionaries are content that the amount of which he is to
he thus denuded shall be 91., others have decided that
it ought to be 31. It was naturally enough to be
expected that a measure calculated to discourage
the rapacity of the lower class of attorneys, and
diminish the necessity for the interference, as
often as heretofore, of even the more respectable
part of the profession, would meet with every possi-
ble
opposition from those whose profits it is cal-
culated to abridge. llitherto, in a large majority,
of the instances in which a debtor has been incarce-
rated for less than 201., the law costs have formed
the larger . portion of their respective debts.
Lord Broughatti's Bill diminishes the temptation
of either the creditor or his lawyer to heap cruel
and fruitless expense upon the debtor, since he
can no longer hold over him in terrorenz the
prospect of imprisonment on his account, whilst it
affords the creditor ampler and more accessible
means of punishing any fraudulent or dishonest
conduct on the part of the debtor. Lord Brougham
assures us that no " attorney-at-law" is required to
assist an insolvent in his application to the Bank-
ruptcy Court, and that the Commissioners have no
power whatever to require such a person to witness
each sheet of the petition and schedule, in the face of
the schedule to the Act, which requires the signature
"but once, and the attestation, not of an attorney-at-
law, but merely of an attorney or agent." The Com-
missioners refer, it seems, to the statutes of the .5 and
6 Victoria, c. 116, and the 7 and 8 Victoria, as
their authority for altogether resisting his Lord-
ship's suggestion, and quote the clause that " each
sheet of such petition and schedule shall be signed by
the petitioner, in the presence of and attested by his
attorney." AVe do not understand in what manner this
provision can be said to controvert his Lordship's opinion.
lie seems, indeed, to have been perfectly aware of its
existence, and the language in which it is couched is
precisely that on which his suggestion appears to
have been founded. Perhaps his Lordship's re-
marks on the irregular attendance of Commis-
sioners, coupled with a fellow feeling for the pro-
fession of the law, and an impatience of the cur-
tailment of its profits, may have had some influ-
ence in the matter. For the present, however, we
must confess that we prefer Lord Brougham's
definition of the relative, meaning of the words "at-
torney" and " attorney-at-law," to that of the
Commissioners', and we cannot but continue to
regard it, as 'one of the most important features
of his Bill that the debtor may obtain his li-
berty without being subjected to the extortions
of the lower classes of attorneys-at-law. Such
a proposal could not fail to excite a strong opposition
on, the part of, a- large and singularly active body of
persons. Their objections are, however, entitled to
even less Credit than those of the traders and shop.-
keepers who have lately expectorated, through the
columns of the Times, so much bile upon the subject. ,

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH.—The Queen, 110, Captain Martin, is
progressing very rapidly with her equipment, and will
go out of the harbour to Spithead on the first of next
month. She has got her top-gallant masts pointed and
all her running gear rove, and most of her stores on
board.

The Collingwood, 80, Captain Smart, still remains at
her anchorage at Spithead. Rear-Admiral Sir George
Seymour is at Portsmouth, and has his flag flying on
board of her. The delay in sending this vessel to sea
has given rise to numerous speculative reports, and
among others that it is in contemplation to change her
destination from the Pacific to the Mediterranean. The
fact is, she is only waiting the ter►nination of the !logo-
tiation between the British and French Governments re-
specting the Otaheite affair, it being deemed advisable
that the Gallant Admiral should leave the country with
something like definitive instructions as to the course he
is to pursue when he assumes the command in the Pacific.
The CollingwoOd is in most excellent order, and does
credit to the service.

The Victoria and Albert, royal steam yacht, Captain
Lord Adolphus Fitzelarence, has not returned from her
cruise, but is expected this afternoon. She left on Tues-
day afternoon, and proceeded to the westward, and has
been kept at -SO, during the week, in order fully to test
her new tubular boilers, and to ascertain the advantages
of her various internal improvements since last season,
especially if the unpleasant effluvia arising from the
bilge water has been done away 'with by the remedies
that have been applied for its suppression. The
is to be got. ready immediately for the use of her aclit
Majesty,
who it is understood will embark the second week in
September,
The experimental brigs are not yet commissioned, and
the delay has caused considerable surprise in the nautical
world, for they have been all ready, with top-gallant
masts on end,' for some time. It has been alleged that
the reason why they have not been commissioned is
because the Lords of the Admiralty have it in contem-
plation to commission some largervessels, and that the
hands will be required for them. We do not know how
true this may be, but it is very evident that the cause of
delay in commissioning these brigs is only of recent date,
and therefore it is not unreasonable to suppose that the
Admiralty may be waiting the turn of events before
they man these vessels.
Every necessary preparation is being made at the
various dockyards to meet any sudden emergency. A
number of able seamen are being entered at each yard
as riggers. This is a very excellent precaution on the
part of the Admiralty, for should the exigencies of the
service require a; number of line-of-battle ships to be
brought forward at a short notice, these are the men
whose services will most be wanted. The rigging of the
advance ships is all ready to throw over their masts, and
by the aid of these men the vessels can be fully rigged
and all ataunt while the regular hands are entering.
It is rumoured that the Government has acceded to
Captain Warner's proposition, and will moor a line-of-
battle ship off the Goodwin Sands for him to destroy, as
he alleges he will do, with his projectile, at a distance of
five miles. One of the old hulks in the Medway, that
are unfit for further service, will be selected fbr the ex-
periment. She will be jury rigged and towed out by a
steamer to the appointed place. In order to remove the
slightest shadow of doubt respecting all being fair and
above board in the forthcoming experiment, Captain
Warner has undertaken to conduct it in the presence of
four distinguished officers whom he has selected and who
necessarily, by being on board the same vessel
with him-
self, will have an opportunity of witnessing and bearing
testimony to the efficacy or the failure of the plan. On
the other hand, the Government will take care that
Captain Warner shall have no communication with the
vessel that is to be destroyed previously to the ex-
periment.

I
tis that the
be opened on the 25th instant.—
Tilandthe Medway Canal
Railway
Railway Record.
Died, on the 23d inst., at
scaoidn'ltp ha
Company
Blackheath Park, much
respected, James Kemp, Esq., aged fifty -seven.
FETE GIVEN ET THE OFFICERS OF THE SECOND
LIFE GUARDS.—Notwithstanding the very advanced
period of the season, upwards of 100 of the leading
fashionables of the beau monde honoured the officers of
this distinguished corps with their company, on Thurs-
day, 22d, at the Castle Inn, Richmond. The company
began to arrive at half-past five, and were received by
Colonel M'Douall and the officers, on the lawn of the
hotel, where the splendid band was stationed. At six
o'clock dinner being announced, the whole party sat
down to a magnificent banquet, in the large dining-room
of the hotel. At ten o clock dancing commenced, and
was kept up with great spirit till near two o'clock in the
morning, when the party separated, highly gratified
with the evening's entertainment.
BRANDLING JUNCTION RAILWAY,_—The arrange-
ment, which last week we mentioned as likely to be effected
the Brandling
for the purchase of Junction Railway by
Mr. Hudson, on behalf of the Newcastle and Darlington
Railway Company, is, it seems, nearly arranged, and a
'' meetin,r of the Brand ling Company is to be held on Mon-
day, to take the subject into consideration. It is stated
that the 501. shares are
we to be taken at 5/. premium ; if
so, presume the Brandling proprietors will at once ac-
cept the terms.—Railwav Record.
IMMENSITY OF THE WoRLD.-1-lerschel estimates
the star "Lyra" to be more than 54,000 times larger
than the sun, which fills a cubical space equal to
681,471.000,000,000,000 miles; 100,000,000 of such stars
lie within range of the telescope, and between every two
there is an interval of more than 20.
0,000,000,000 miles
of space. Who can think of what lies beyond the tele-
scopic view ? In such a thought,is not the mind lost in
sublimity and grandeur ?
LUCIFER MATCIIES.—The Courrier de Lyon states
that on Thursday last, a
man, living at Franconville, re-
tuened to his home at night so much intoxicated that he
could not find his way to his bed, and laid himself on
the top of a table, where he probably Nvould have slept
through the night, had he not, in turning from one side
to the other, crushed a bundle of chemical matches which
he had in his pocket, and set themalight. His clothes
caught fire, and although immediately awakened and
sobered by the flames, he was so much burnt before as-
sistance arrived that ho expired next day,

STATE of the INSOLVENCY LAWS.
(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)
" It is very possible for a man to act dishonestly every
day, and yet never to defraud another of a shilling ; a
`merchant who conducts his business partly or wholly
with borrowed capital, is not honest if he endangers the
loss of an amount of property, which, if lost, would dis-
able him from paying his debts ; he who possesses a thou-
sand pounds of his own, and borrows a thousand of some
one else, cannot virtuously speculate so extensively as that,
if his prospects should be disappointed, he would lose
one thousand two hundred pounds. The speculation is
dishonest, whether it succeeds or not: it is risking other
men's property without their consent; under similar cir.
cumstances, it is unjust not to insure. Perhaps the ma-
jority of uninsured traders, if their houses and goods
were burned, would be unable to pay their creditors;
the injustice consists, not in the. actual loss which may
be inflicted, for whether a fire happens or not, the in-
justice is the same, but in endangering the infliction of
the • loss. There are but two ways in which, under such
circumstances, the claims of rectitude can be satisfied;
one is by not endangering the property, the other, by
telling its actual owner that it will be endangered, and
leaving him to incur the risk or not, as he pleases; those
who hold the property of others, are not warranted, on
the principles of justice, in neglecting to inform them-
selves, from time to time, of the real situation of their
affairs."—Dyniond's Essays on the Principles of Morality.
It will only be when intelligence and ability to
reason and judge are qualities possessed in a greater
degree by the commercial classes, that the com-
mercial code of this country will be based on sound
philosophical principles, and the public mind disabused
of the prevailing fallacies. Ihe bankruptcy laws
somewhat, and the insolvency laws altogether, by the
late Act, are ruinous and demoralising in their prac-
tice ; based as they have been on false assumptions,
they appear to have no other consistent or rational
object in view, but, through the calamity of a parcel
of creditors, to take occasion, under pretence of seiz-
ing the debtor's wreck f property, to put the
whole, or nearly so, into the pockets of lawyers.
Our bankruptcy courts, whose function it is to
collect the miserable remnants of a shipwrecked for-
tune, charge some hundreds for the service, and then
distribute the few remaining farthings among the
claimants—the oyster is devoted by the lawyers, the
shell, with what few filaments of flesh may adhere to
it, fairly enough divided among the litigants. These
courts have encouraged and protected the offence of
insolvency, but they should have had the same object
in view as other courts of law—viz., the prevention of
the evil concerning which they had jurisdiction, by
inflicting salutary punishments. In the early times,
when feudal lords ruled the land with iron sway,
there were not many creditors but themselves, and
almost the only debtors were their own stewards and
bailiffs. The practice on those who did not pay their
debts was then sharp enough (there was no false
humanity then abroad), although it might be a little
contrary to the principles of the Constitution to throw
a steward whose accounts were in disorder into
prison, without judge or jury, and there to let him
die. Successive regulations were made to modify
this practice. For a long series of years bankrupts
were liable to be hanged. In accordance with the
severe spirit of the times those wrong-doers were
treated with a wild and thoughtless severity, to
meliorate which has been the object of successive
Acts of Parliament, until the law, as now left, is di-
vested of its penal character almost entirely.
;Lord Brougham has regarded the insolvent
as an unfortunate man, whom it is desir-
able to rescue from the persecutions of his
creditors. Availing himself abundantly of this kind
of sophistry, plausible but false—" That except on
rarest occasions the effects and not the person of the
debtor were needed ; greater power over the property
(of course only when it could be got at) being given
to the creditor, his position was apparently improved,
and thus has he been wheedled into the surrender,
now complete, of all power over the debtor's person ;
and so well has this feint succeeded, that when the
meshes of the most complex and extended trading
relations permeate the whole of British society, and
when, after a long depression of trade and manu-
facturing calamity, affords all sorts of people who
are in money-trouble a plausible pretence to break
their faith, and crowd themselves among Ole few
really unfortunate insolvents—at such a time has the
Legislature removed nearly all the penal sanctions,
and left the creditor class, usually the virtuous class,
by the fact of their having capital to lend, almost at
the entire mercy of the debtor class, usually the non-
virtuous class, by the fact of their wanting to borrow.
By virtuous is meant, of course, the practice of in-
dustry to produce wealth, and self-denial to abstain
from entirely consuming it in sensual pleasures, or
from the risking it in gambling (or in the deceptive
language of commerce) adventures. This is the
moral training of the middle classes.
An attorney lately in a country town declared his
inability to pay one farthing on his debts of 14,0001.,
contracted with all classes of the inhabitants, from
the humble mechanic to the neighbouring gentleman
of fortune. The law has protected his person, and
his effects are all dissipated (or are made to appear
so) in genteel living. Another Bromley in a small
way. For him there is no punishment. The law
deems him an unfortunate man.
A London factor has a correspondent at Bury,
from whom he had just• received and executed an
order, when he received information that the man
was meditating to sell off and leave the kingdOm. He
sent a person instantly to Bury, found the man pre-
paring for a sale by auction, and in the act of un-
packing the parcel above referred to. lie was asked
to pay—to give some account of his. proceedings—to
return the parcel he was then opening, all of which
he refused, saying that the fresh goods would help
the sale. The creditor then applied to Judge Tindal
for a Judge's order, on the plea that he believed the
debtor was about leaving the kingdom. This the
Judge refused, and long, long before the period ar-
rived when by writ of summons the debtor could be
captured, he had sold off, not his own, but his
creditor's property, pocketed the proceeds, and was
on his way to America. The rogue escapes justice
on the speed of steam ships ; the law comes limping
after him at the speed of a spavined pack-horse, and
stops at the sea-shore.
There is a certain Baronet whose friends allow him
500/. a year, who owes various sums, aggregating a
heavy amount—his person is protected, his effects are
none, and his income cannot be touched.
There is a man living at Kennington who owed a
heavy doctor's bill, which he was liquidating by pay-
ing lOs. a week until the 9th current, when he
snapped his fingers at his creditor, and said he should
pay no more. In one short week, thousands of trea-
sure have been confiscated by the new Act.
The late insolvency law affords a most striking ex-
ample of the injustice of class legislation. Governed
by a landed aristocracy—directly in the Lords, and
indirectly in the Commons—these laws have been
adjusted to favour that class so wealthy and powerful.
Except in the matter of tithe and rent, the recovery
of which is assured by special laws, these men and
their connexions are usually in the condition of
debtors ; they of course desire that the condition of
debtor—one who can't or won't pay his debts—should
be as little invonvenient as possible. The law-lords
are parvenus, ready to do anything for the patronis-
ing pat and smile of the ancient nobility; they have
connived at this object; the mercantile men in the
Commons, not of direct aristocratic connexions, have
been quieted by an improved Bankruptcy Act. In
fact and appearance being rich, and conducting only
large operations, they have not known the relations
of, nor have they had much sympathy with, the very
numerous and comparatively little wealthy merchants,
factors, traders, and the like, whose transactions in-
cludes still the larger share of the capital of the coun-
try, are affected solely by the insolvency laws, and
the result has been a state of the law which surren-
ders all healthy control over debtors' persons, and by
their persons an efficient control over their effects;
the social marks .of dishonour have been obliterated,
the foundations of commercial morality still more
undermined, and a " a nation of shopkeepers" encou-
raged to become a nation of rogues, sharpers, and
cheats. Chancellor Onenstein might well exclaim,
" With how little understanding is this world go-
verned !" While mankind find it to their interest to
be honest ; and while some are living under the sanc-
tions of a religion which teaches "to owe no man any-
thing ;" or while others have enjoyed a virtuous edu-
cation and habits, or the still greater happiness of a
mind of primitive virtuous texture, let the laws be
even more vice-encouraging than they are, there will
be no reason to fear that our commercial confidence
in one another will be dissolved, or that people in ge-
neral will not continue to be honourable, and keep
their promises, however much they may be disheart-
ened by the success of rogues, or insulted by the pro-
tection given to the comparatively few whose flagi-
tious delinquencies are caused by their own idleness
and extravagance. But the national capital will con-
tinue to be deteriorated by the evil perversion, or by
the wasteful destruction, of many hundreds of thou-
sands of pounds annually ; and as long as these laws
dishonour the statute-book, the nation will be less
rich, and the citizens less virtuous, and the condition
of the middle classes of society be rendered more and

more precarious—the few rich becoming richer, and
the many poor becoming poorer.
It is probable, however, that evils as they now
are will soon he felt unendurable, and the trading
and mercantile people will rouse themselves all over
the nation. An association, with corresponding
members in all the provincial towns, should be forth-
with formed, and, by the collection of facts, and espe-
cially of statistical tables, establish the true principles
of insolvent legislation, by which the wilful insolvent
may undergo a due amount of punishment, and the
really unfortunate insolvent be relieved from any
punishment, to which none but a cruel and vindictive
man would desire to impose upon him.

SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.
The meeting of the South-Western Railway Proprie-
tors on Friday was very numerously attended. A very
lengthy report was laid before the Proprietors. It showed
a progressive increase in the traffic. The total earnings
during the first six months of 1843 were 142,9732 105.3 d.,
while those for the six months ending 30th June last,
amounted to 150,4691. 4s. Bd., exhibiting an increase of
7,416 s
g. ates d xapaedn dt
hi tau
amountr edu ri n ga v
at hi
e
lablatter ;d le
ds.
ivision
Bad. T4m,
10116galsgtg1the Proprietors, 75,174/. Os. 2d.,
out of which the Directors recommended the payment of
a dividend greater by 2s. 6d. a share than that paid in
September last, making the present dividend at the rate
of 325. 6d. a share, subject to the income-tax. This
dividend absorbs 74,607/., leaving a balance of 567/.05.2d.
The Directors have recently completed a revision of the
rates for carriage of goods. The chief object of this
would appear to be to render the classification of the
various descriptions of merchandise more simple and
more convenient to individuals sending or receiving goods
by the railway, combined also with a reduction of charge
amounting on the average to 20 per cent. The rejec-
tion of the Epsom, and the passing of the Salisbury line,
is to result in the amalgamation into 6,000 shares, of 40/.
each, of the Scrip Eighths, created in pursuance of the
resolution of the special meeting of the 30th December
last. This Scrip will be :forthwith called in. The
Directors intend immediately to act upon the powers
of the Bill recently passed for improving the Nine-
elms station, and possess themselves of the neces-
sary land for this purpose. To effect this they in-
tend to create and dispose of 250 shares of 50/. each, that
number and amount of shares being equivalent to the 2,000
Scrip Eighths reserved for issue by the Directors at
their discretion. The Directors were empowered to
take the necessary steps for procuring Parliamentary
power for the Company, solely or jointly to construct a
branch railway to Epsom, and to establish a connection
between the South-Western, the Brighton, and South -
Eastern lines ; to borrow on mortgage or bond 20,0001.,
under the powers of the Salisbury Branch Act ; to take
the necessary steps to obtain Parliamentary authority
to make a railway from Basingstoke to Newbury, and to
effect a connection between the South-Western and
Great Western lines ; and to obtain further Parlia-
mentary power for the Company solely or jointly to ex-
tend the Gosport line from Fareham to Portsmouth and
Chichester. The Directors were also authorised to take
into consideration the projected Dorsetshire lines, to
adopt such measures in reference thereto as they might
deem expedient, and to examine whether a terminus near
Waterloo-bridge would not be advantageous, and to
carry out such a measure if their examination should be
favourable. The report of the Directors was very fa-
vourably received by the Proprietors.
The Directors have entered into an agreement with
Messrs. Cooke and Wheatstone, the patentees of the
electric telegraph, for working it on this line. The pa-
tentees. are to receive 1,5001. a-year from Government
for working it between Portsmouth and the Admiralty.
The agreement between the patentees and the Directors
binds down the former to throw in their patent right,
and to divide both the 1,500 L a-year and the profits
arising from working the patent with the Directors, who
are to grant the use of the line. The Directors propose,
besides the Admiralty line of telegraph, to work one
for the use of the Company, and another for commercial
purposes.

TRADE WITH PORTUGAL.
60, Mark-lane, London, Aug. 14, 1844.
My Lord,—We are induced to take the liberty of ad-
dressing your Lordship on the following subject .
The wine trade, in which we are engaged as Oporto
merchants, has but recently recovered from a long and
severe depression, caused by the protracted negotiations
with Portugal respecting a mutual reduction of duties,
nd your Lordship will be aware that the revenue sus-
tained considerable injury in consequence of that de-
pression.
We are now threatened with a return of this inju-
rious suspension of our trade, and apparently without
that valid reason for it which existed in the former
instance.

For some time past, the Lisbon correspondents of
the press have weekly assured their readers, that a re-
duction of duties between Great Britain and Portugal
may now be looked on as certain. 'We cannot but feel
the injury which has been, and may again be inflicted on
our trade, by statements of this nature, and we, there,
fore, request your Lordship to excuse our taking the li-
berty of inquiring, whether or not a renewal of the com-
mercial negotiations with Portugal may be considered
probable.
We have the honour to be, my Lord, your Lordship's
most obedient servants,
(Signed) COCKBURN BROTIIERS and CO.
The Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen,
ller Majesty's Principal Secretary of
State for Foreign Affairs.

Foreign-office, Aug. 22, 1844.
Gentlemen,—l am directed by the Earl of Aberdeen
to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 14th
inst., in which you request to he informed whether
commercial negotiations are likely to be re-opened with
Portugal, and I am to state to you in reply, that his
Lordship is not aware that there are any grounds fur
supposing that such negotiations will be renewed.
I am, gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant,
(Signed) CANNING.
To Messrs. Cockburn Brothers and Co.

EXTRAORDINARY SERIES OF CALAMITIES.—Mr.
Higgs, on Friday, held an inquest at the George, George-
court, Strand, on the body of Joseph Marshman, tailor,
of George-court, Strand, aged 53, who hanged himself
on Thursday, while in a state of insanity produced by
calamities that rarely fall to the lot of one man. It was
stated that he had been affected in his mind ever since
the decease of his wife, who was accidentally burnt to
death in St. Martin's workhouse about nine months ago.
The day after that one of his sons, who was on board
the Marine School ship, at Blackwall, fell from the
mast head, and was killed on the spot. But a week or
two following he sent another son with some work to
Regent-street, and while he was on his way there he
was run over by a cab, and carried home dead. A third
child fell down the steps in George-court, and fractured
its skull, from the effects of which it ultimately expired.
There are seven children now living, several of whom
have lately been suffering from rheumatic fever, caused
by the dampness of the house in which they live. The
unfortunate deceased, borne down by this accumulation
of heavy afflictions, would wander for miles about the
country, he knew not where nor why. On Friday he
left home, and walked all that day and Saturday, and
at night made a bed of some hay at Barnet. He then
got into the town of Hertford, where he slept, and then
walked home. He could give no reason for this, but
said he knew he was out of his mind. It was said he
had not eaten three pounds of meat since his wife's
death. The jury said there could be no doubt in the
case, and returned a verdict of " Insanity."
MURDER OF A WIFE AT RICTIMOND.—On Fri-
day morning information was received at the different
metropolitan police-stations that a man, named William
New, a shoemaker, residing in the Marsh-gate-road,
Richmond, had murdered his wife, by stabbing her in
the side with a carving knife. It appeared that, about
seven on Thursday night, they quarrelled, when the
husband seized a carving knife and plunged it into his
wife's side, and immediately made his escape. She was
found by the neighbours insensible from loss of blood,
and died about half an hour afterwards. No trace of the
wretched husband has as yet been discovered beyond the
following fact :—About eight o'clock the same evening,
as Mr. G. Morris, blacksmith, of Shepherd's-bush, was
proceeding along the Uxbridge-road, at Notting-hill, on
his return home, he met a man who asked him what time
it was; and on Mr. Morris telling nim it was eight
o'clock, he said he bad then come from Richmond in an
hour; that the police had entered the house by the front
door as he had left it by a back window; and that if lie
was found he should be transported. Mr. Morris thought
the man was mad, and permitted him to pursue his course
towards Paddington. The following is a copy of the
description of William New, which has been circulated
by the police:-11e is about 27 years of age, sft. Sin, or
fin. high, dark brown hair, fair complexion, grey
eyes, stout in person, dressed in cord trousers, old shoes,
an old brown cloth waistcoat, brown cloth cap without
a peak, and had no coat or jacket on: he is a shoemaker
by trade. The police are making active exertions to
secure him.

ACCIDENT TO THE I3ATAVIER STEAM-SIIIP.—The
Dutch steam-vessel Batavier, Captain Dunlop, which
was due from Rotterdam at the St. Katherine Steam-
packet-wharf at four o'clock on Wednesday afternoon,
did not arrive, and no intelligence had been received of
her up to Thursday evening. Information has since
reached the wharf that, shortly after the departure of
the vessel from Rotterdam, she by some accident got
aground off the Dutch coast, and it was ultimately found
to be necessary to land the whole of her passengers and
cargo, which comprised a considerable number of horned
cattle, in addition to a quantity of fruit and vegetables,
of which articles a considerable quantity has been
brought by her from Holland for several weeks past. The
mmediate cause of the accident is at present unknown.
The commander of the Batavier, Captain Dunlop,i
has
been engaged in the Rotterdam trade for a _ considerablethe voyage
with great regularity and safety.

COURT OF SEWERS.
An adjourned meeting of the Court of Sewers for
the city and liberty of Westminster and part of Mid-
dlesex, was held on Friday, at the Sewers-office
Greek-street, Soho-square. T. L. Donaldson took the
Chair at twelve o'clock.
Some general business having been disposed of,
The CHAIRMAN said that the next matter before them
was " to consider if any, and what, steps should be im-
mediately taken to restore the dilapidated narts of the
main line of the Ranelagh sewer in Gloucester-road,
Paddington." He had ordered that the business should
be put into that day's paper in order that it might be
kept before the Court, with the view of taking some im-
mediate steps therein. They had an application to con-
tinue the line for another thousand feet at an estimated
cost of 3,0001., and he (the Chairman) was most anxious
that the works should be commenced forthwith. The
public were greatly inconvenienced by the present con-
dition of the sewer ; and that Court had not
for the last four months done anything to get
it rectified. He would take the liberty of throwing
out a suggestion, and be hoped that some mem-
ber of the Court would frame a resolution upon it—that
it might tend to strengthen the evidence of the
officers of that Court, as to the causes of the failure of the
works, if one or two protessional men were empowered
to report upon the subject. He merely threw out the
suggestion; it was for the Court to act, or not, upon it.
A COMMISSIONER understood that it had been deter-
mined upon, some time before, to try the question as to
the contractor's liberty to make good the failure, in: a
court of law.
Mr. WILLOCCHBY explained that the contractor had
made a proposition to finish the works, but the Court
had not seen fit to accede to it.
Mr. ALLANSON coincided with the remark made by the
Chairman, that the present delay of the works occasioned
great public inconvenience.
Colonel J. C. GANT thought that the Court would
have serious difficulties to contend with if they carried
this matter into a court of law. Those difficulties would
be greatly increased if they went on with the restoration
of the sewer in a different form from that in which it
was first made. He questioned, indeed, how far the con-
, tractor might be considered liable, seeing that his money
was paid by that Court for the work, on an assurance
from their own officers that it was completed in a trades-
manlike manner. It had stood for two years, and he
certainly thought that before proceeding further in the
matter their solicitor ought to have the opinion of two
eminent surveyors, besides that of the regular officers of
that Court with regard to the work. lie again ex-
pressed a doubt, that, if they completed the line accord-
ing to the new form of sewer, it would be held as a tacit
admission that the old form sanctioned by the Court,
was a bad one, and that the contractor therefore was
not to blame because it hal failed.
Mr. WlLLotrounr denied that the old form of sewer
was faulty, but the contractor had not done his work
in a proper manner.
A resolution was, after some further discussion, agreed
to, that professional opinion should be taken on the sub-
ject. It was also decided that the additional length of'
1,000 feet should be added to the line.
The Court then sanctioned the orders of the 25th and
23d July, for ninety-feet of sewer in Norfolk-street,
Strand, at an estimated cost of 1181. 1 ls. Bd., and twenty
feet of Ranelagh main sewer at Kilburn-bridge, to be
arched over, at a cost of 131. 6s. 6d.
A letter was read from Mr. Pennethorne, surveyor
to the Woods and Forests, stating that the Commis-
sioners agreed to the proposition made by him to the
Court of Sewers, (namely, the contributing of 575/. to-
wards the line of sewerage in the proposed new street
from St. Giles's to Long-acre, the estimated cost of the
whole being 2,100/. 18s. 6d.), provided the line was
carried on to Charlotte-street, Bloomsbury, and the
whole finished by Lady-day. The tine was then con-
sidered in reference to the necessities of the 'Holborn
and Finsbury Commission, and it was stated by the sur-
veyor, that the additional depth required would be five
feet, two inches ; and the estimated cost for digging
5181. 1 ls. Sd. The estimated cost for rebuilding the
Charlotte-street sewer, was 410/., which expense would
in a very short time require to be borne by the district,
as the present drainage was in bad condition.
Mr. ALLANSON thought that before they came to any
conclusion on this point, they ought to have some direct
correspondence with the Holborn and Finsbury Com-
mission.
Colonel GANT went at considerable length into the
amicable relations which ought to exist between neigh-
bouring Commissions, and was persuaded that a broad
and liberal mode of arranging matters like the present
would conduce most to the public advantage, and to the
good feeling which ought to be maintained between
the-Sewers' Courts of the metropolis.
Mr. WreLorounr did not think it consistent with
their duties to their district to involve that district
in expenses incurred for the benefit of another. It
seemed only a principle of justice, that those who
reaped the advantages should bear the expense ; and he
apprehended that it would be an illegal application of
9281., to expend it for the benefit of any parties, other
than those from whom the same was derived.
Mr. DONALDSON thought that it would be enough
for that district to bear the expense of the sewerage in
Charlotte-street, which their surve:yors' report esti-
mated at 4101.

At the suggestion of the (Timirman, the Court con-
fined itself to the question, of the diggings, and,
Mr. WlLLoucnnv proposed a resolution That this
Court does not feel 'justified in deepening the sewers of
the division" for th.b purposes of the Holborn and Fins-
bury division. n-.d beyond the requirements of this
division, excer at the e_xpcnoo or eh.*
Mr. 11.A.w-ALs thought that the expenses ought to be
calculate(l together, and not in portions. Ile was of
opinion that they ought not to discuss the subject until
they had received the further report of their surveyors.
The resolution was ultimately carried.
The CUAIRMAII then put the question as to whether
the Court would sanction the rebuilding of the Char-
lotte-street sewer at a cost of 410/. They had the sur-
veyors' report that in a short time they would be obliged
to begin this work, and he (the Chairman) was of
opinion that the present was a most fitting time._
Agreed to.

Mr. lawaEs then moved a resolution—" That the
surveyors report what additional expenses may be caused
by gullies and sewers, on account of the increased depth
of main sewer necessary to accommodate the Holborn
and Finsbury district." He had stated, before the other
votes were taken, that he required information upon this
subject before he went further, and he hoped it would
not be withheld from him.

The CHAIRMAN said he had no wish to withhold any
information from the Court, but he hoped that the
Hon. Commissioner would allow the votes already taken
to preclude the resolution he had now proposed.
Mr. IlAwxEs objected to the course required by the
Chairman.

Colonel GANT thought that the calculations' sought
for by the Hon. Commissioner would be found inter-
minable. Were they in the progress of these works to
go with every little item to the Holborn and Finsbury'
Commission, and say, " Pay this, it is incurred to suit
your purposes?" He thought the Court could not enter-
tain the resolution for a moment.
After sonic remarks from Mr. Willoughby and Mr.
llawkcs, the resolution was put and carried.
The CHAIRMAN then said, that in order to test the
last resolution, he should put another, namely—" That
the resolutions of this Court, with the exception of the
last, be forwarded to the Holborn and Finsbury Com-
mission."

MY. HAW KES—Who signs that ?
The CHAIRMAN—Mr. 'Willoughby's name and my
owl' is attached to it.
Mr. Ifewri.Es—lt is a most extraordinary mode of
doing business, and I am quite ashamed of it.
Mr. WILLOUGHBY—Mr. Hawkes stated that it was
for the information merely that he put the resolution.
The object, therefore, can be attained, although it is not
forwarded to the Holborn and Finsbury division.
The last resolution was then put, and it was also
carried.

The question was then put, whether the Court would
sanction the 1,540 feet of sewer in the new line
already alluded to.—Agreed to.
Several reports were afterwards read, and some minor
business transacted, and the Court adjourned.

The General Steam Navigation Company's steam-
ship Caledonia, with her Majesty's mail from Hamburgh,
arrived on Wednesday, having experienced a continued
gale of wind ever since she left that city. She brought
about forty passengers, who, before leaving the vessel,
addressed the following handsome testimonial to Captain
Phillips, commander of that vessel " Caledonia
steamer, Aug. 20.—Sir,—We, the undersigned passen-
gers by the Caledonia steamer, under your command,
cannot part without expressing to you the deep sense of
gratitude for the seaman-like conduct displayed during
the extreme responsibility thrown upon you by the situa-
tion of the ship, in the severe gales that WE encoun-
tered on our passage from Hamburgh to London. We
rff
ea
eiotn,uhrs faithfully,
u foreign mes-
lel s 3 e
c.m Gaondd.
si
beg that you will do us the favour to accept the accom-
gpoaondyiAn•gishteosk.—en‘Ve remain,
as
a slight
r, offeringyou( o
defroy, Baron Bergh, W. P. Kaye (Queen's
u
seothenger),
passengers Edwa Nrd Jennings (lieutenant
.), and eighteen
r ."
SINGULAR CIRCUMSTANCE. —One of those singular
freaks which death plays with all cases and individuals
has occurred in a case which has lately come before the
magistrate at Bow-street. Our police reports have at
various times contained particulars of a performer at
Sadler's Wells Theatre, named Charles Lambe Dowden,
having been brought up at Bow-street, charged with
presenting several cheques, for various amounts, to
licensed victuallers, to whom he owed accounts, stating
that they had been drawn by his uncle, Mr. Haggar, of
Pimlico, who would take them up when due, which were
afterwards found out to be forgeries. He succeeded, in
three different cases, in obtaining sums, varying in
amount, up to nine pounds, from three different licensed
victuallers, but a fourth party, knowing Mr. Haggar was
a very old man, and bed-ridden, determined to inquire
into it, and having done so found it was a forgery. Mr.
Twyford found he could not go on with the case without
having the uncle's disproof of the cheques being in his
writing, and determined to go in a cab, with a clerk, to
take his deposition at his own residence. On Monday
last, just as the journey was about to be taken, intelli-
gence was received that death had closed the eyes of the
aged uncle, who, with upwards of ninety winters o'er his
head, had yielded to death's imperative call. The land-
lord of the house, Mr. Spratt, with whom the old gentle-
man lodged, will, however, prove that the handwriting of
the cheques is not that of Mr. Haggar.
RAILWAYS IN Priussra.—The Prussian Govern.
ment, in order to avoid as far as possible accidents upon
the railroads, has founded a school at Berlin for teaching
the art of directing and managing locomotives; and an
ordonnance has been issued that, from and after the Ist
of January, 1846, no person shall be employed as drivers
of locomotives on the railways of the kingdom but those
who have been taught in this school, and obtained a cer-
tificate of their capacity.