The Sun.
London, England, 1845-04-21 00:00:00

TBI4 Sc N, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, APRIL 21, 1845.

tural grounds, in the course of which he said, that
at first he had some doubts, notwithstanding his ap-
proval of the objects of the Association, whether as a
Christian minister he had not sufficient to occupy his
attention i.i matters of, as ho imagined, a more
strictly religious character, but upon examination
he found that this question of earlier hours bore so
strongly upon the moral and religious interests
of those concerned, that he unhesitatingly came for-
ward at once upon religious grounds to support it.
The reolution was seconded by the Rev. J. PAT-.
TESON, in a short but effective speech, and unani-
mously adopted.
COOKE EVANS, Est. moved, and the Rev. W.
H. HOWARD seconded the third resolution, which
was also carried unanim:usly, and was as follows :
" It appearing very evident that if persons would ab-
s'ain from visiting shops in the evening, the chief, and
indeed the only inducement to keep them open until a
late hour would be removed, those composing this meet-
ing now pledge themselves that henceforward they will
purchase no article unnecessarily after six o'clock in the
evening, and that th y will do ell in their power to pre-
vail upon others to act upon the same determination."
A vote of thanks to the Chairman, for his able
conduct in the chair, was then moved by Mr.
LtL-
WALL and seconded by Mr. RENNIE, which was car-
ried by acclamation.
The REV. GENTLEMAN briefly acknowledged the
compliment, and the meeting, which was numerously
and respectably at ended, separated.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITU-

TION
MR. RUSSELL'S LECTURE.
The directors of this most useful institution, ever
anxious to cater for the public, have engaged Mr. J.
Russell to give a series of lectures on " Character,"
illustrated by music. He commenced by alluding to
the great prevalence and popularity of song• sing-
ing in England, so early as the Saxon time, and that
no gentleman was thought of winless gifted with this
accomplishment, and also it was quite as much in
'vogue among the lower class ; he then satirically
described the affectation and absurdities so often met
with in singing ladies and gentlemen in private par-
ties of our present day, when he most humorously
described a lady who sings a leetle flat, she who sings
a little sharp, the gentleman who gargles his song,
and another who sings " Oh no, we never mention
her" with a bad cough. One man sings through his
teeth, another through his nose, a small gentleman
with a small voice volunteers "Mad Tom of Bedlam,"
and a hero with a stentorian voice warbles "
listen to the voice of Lye." Mr. Russell was accon:-
panied by Dr. Wallis, musical director of the Poly-
technic Institution, in a most admirable manner. The
great object Mr. Russell wishes to gain is to
point out these absurdities of the would-be singers,
•-ancl- he advises them to choose the Wordi- of the song
that may be worth hearing as their music is a railway
for this pleasant conveyance. Both are requisite for
complete pleasure. Mr. Russell concluded his lee-
ture with one of his hints to those who keep all the
words to themselves, which is so often the case, which
he illustrated with the Pasticcio, a mock Italian
Bravura, which elicited roars of laughter from a very
large audience, which quite filled the theatre of the
Royal Polytechnic Institution.

changed, and for the better. This is nowhere more
manifest than in the intercourse with foreign nations
whom our forefathers encountered only in the "tented
field." A foreigner was synonymous with a fee ;
while we, having laid aside the sword, are as
eager in the rivalry of literature and arts as they
were in the din of battle. The hearts of nations
now beat in unison, and the narrow rivulets which
fertilised each separate land, now flow in one broad
stream of intelligence, diffusing the knowledge of
each for the benefit of the whole. This must be ap-
parent to all who turn their attention to the literature
of the day. Works from the English press circulate
through the world, and we see around U 3 transla-
tions from every land where learning flourishes; even
Sweden and Denmark are now familiar, while our
intercourse with France is as cordial as our enmity
was formerly. M. Thiers' history was published on
the same day in the two capitals, and the lighter
works of fiction are translated to one language almost
before they are read in the other ; such is the case
with the book before us, one of the latest ,
productions of the indefatigable Eugene Sue.
His name is well known to the lover
of,romance, and his writings are eagerly perused
both in France and England ; they may have a lasting
celebrity in the former country, but in England they
are chiefly read from curiosity, or perhaps from
having acquired the prestige of a name. The dif-
ferent characters of the two nations is marked in their
literature—the novels of the French are like them-
selves, li‘ely, vivacious, spirited; they sparkle
brightly on the surface, and attract general attention.
Their chief merit consists in variety of incident ;
plots, and counter-plots, intrigues and adventures
may be found in every page. it is on this account
they excel in comedies and vaudevilles. All our light
dramatic pieces are " taken from the French." i3ut in
the development of individual character, in portray-
ing the hidden working of the passions, they cannot
compete with us. Our novels have generally some
object in view, some point to which the
whole tends, but with them the aim is
only to amuse, and to do them justice they
generally succeed—leaving us to " point a moral"—
their object is to " adorn a tale." Though following
in the course of his compatriots, the works of Eugene
Sue possess a gloomy interest, all his own. He has
delighted to portray the scenes of guilt and misery;
his heroes are men celebrated only for their crimes.
By his own confession he believes that evil prepon-
derates over good, and he seems anxious to make
converts to his melancholy creed. Such tales may
suit the excited passions and depraved minds of some,
but surely truth is sad enough without invoking
horror from the realms of fancy. Admiring the
.owerful ease with which Monsieur Sue adorns
his pages, we cannot help • wishing that he-
would consecrate his talents to some noblerend than the chronicles of crime. It" is oh'
this account we welcome his new work, wear-
ing as it does the sober garb of history. It performs
all it promises : truth is minutely followed, and the
corrupted Court of the " Grand Monarque" appears
before us divested of the empty splendour with which
so many servile flatterers have sought to veil its faults
and follies. The caustic pen of Eugene is well suited
to the task, in portraying the characters of the great
and powerful—not as kings and princes, but as weak
and faulty men—in showing how little of real glory
surrounded the " grand siècle," and how little of
real majesty adorned the acts of Louis—here Sue is in
his element. The hero of the tale is the weak and
unprincipled De Rohan, the accomplished courtier and
cowardly conspirator—
" Not half a villain, and but half a knight."
The chequered career of this unfortunate man,
the detail of the conspiracy of which he was
the nominal chief, the characters of his com-
panions, above all, the description of the King and
courtiers, are depicted with all the. vigour we should
i
expect from the author, while its historical researches
and practical philosophy render it perhaps the most
interesting of his productions. In the wide field
of history he will find sin and sorrow enough—let
him therefore seek the aid of fancy to embellish and
not darken the page of truth.

UNIVERSITIES OF OXFORD AND
CAMBRIDGE.
Under the administration of Lords Grey and Mel-
bourne, the question of reforming the two Universities,
and rendering them less exclusive, made considerable
progress, in as well as out of Parliament; and it was
once confidently expected that, long before this, consi-
derable changes would have been made. The prepon-
derance, however, of such Members as form the staple
of the majority in the present Parliament, has thrown
back all hope of success for some time to come, and it
is highly to the credit of that able member, Mr. Christie,
that he still perseveres. His motion, this year, was for
a commission of inquiry into " all matters relating to
the privileges, revenues, trusts, and to the state of educa-
tion, learning and religion in the U niversities of Oxford
and Cambridge."
From the various details with which the speech of the
Hon. Member for Weymouth abounded, we will select a
few of those possessing most general interest. The
Regius Professorships in these Universities have endow-
ments of 2401. each per annum; and tha Arabic Profes •
sorships of 6401. There are eighteen canonries, three
benefices, and several other preferments annexed to
ppsy
roi
gf h Ct 00l lfe gael
works The
theyU ni vpe
or shiltiisehs h awv eh i ae
variou; Professorships, and several canonries attached
l
plieetuaadlshcoi
ptoer
private authors have but forty-two years. They have
also a copy each of every work published in the
United Kingdom. They are exempt from the statute
of mortmain. They have the peculiar powsrs of grant-
ing degrees fur practice in the Ecclesiastics]. Courts ;
and with their degrees, individuals can pass through the
inns of court in considerably less time than otherwise.
Their church patronage is immense. The University
of Cambridge has in its gift 305 livings, of which the
declared annual value is 113,000/. ; that of Oxford has
440 livings, of the value of which there is not a com-
plete return ; but, if calculated upon the basis of the
Cambridge return, their value will not be less than
308,000/. per annum. Beside this the two institutions
have the granting of privileges of the value of 173;0001.
per year to those who receive them. They have . one-
half per cent. returned by Government on the stamp
duties on degrees, which duties, with fees, are paid to
them by the individuals.
The Universities had at one time the monopoly of the
printing of lm
a--anace, and charged the Stationers Com-
pany 1,000/..per annum for its exercise. That body, in
1775, declined to make the payment ; and the Act im-
posing a Stamp Duty upon almanacs having passed
shortly after, the Universities possessed sufficient influ-
ence to procure the insertion of a clause by which this
5001 a year each was permanently secured to them.
in the shape of the payment from the Board of
Stamps and Taxes, and though, when the almanac
-duty was repealed the revenue ceased to derive any
return benefit from this source, yet the payment iin the
still
continued ; though nothing is done in
way of service to the public. The Universities have, with
the Queen's printer, the sole right of printing
kthe
Scriptures ; and, until a recent period, their profits ora
this source amounted to about 12,0001 per annum, be-
sides an additional advantage of 6,0001 a year, as a
drawback upon all the papers so used. When a similar
monopoly in Scotland was abolished, a short time ao,
by the exertions of Dr. Thornaon, of of ream,t,
The Sun
and one or two others, aided by
were
paper—Scotch Bibles being saleable here,m
petitiun
brought at greatly reduced prices
int°
in of
latter
with English ones, and necessarily reduce
v.
of the
to the great benefit of the poor and the g.
sa
inwith the
funds—or rather the increased exertisons.
ties and
same funds—of Bible and Missionary ?mei
ta,
xed,
Sabbath-schools ; the poor having been previolus y
eded
and the circulation of the Word of God great y
for the profit of these great religious institutions!
.Tne
monopoly fit, the
has been virtually destroyed; but the Univer-
sities still possess, in addition to the ordinary pro ha
advantage of paying no paper duty; an
in d
several they
lave
the like exemption upon works printed -
ages.
There are many particulars in which the Universities
need to be reformed, in order to render them, whether
in science, literature, or religion, worthy of the high
position they assume, and of the great advantage they
possess.
The main question, however, for general discussion is
the religious exclusiveness of these institutions.
h At
Cambridge persons not of the churc establishment are
admitted to study; but, whatever their attainments, can-
not take demrees. At Oxford, subscription to the thirty.
nine articles is required, and thereforeh they are entirely
excluded. It is a common notion t at these are ex-
elusively church foundations, and that therefore there
is no hardship in the matter. But the fact is,
R
that the Universities were founded_ by.noman Catholics,
and various endowments were added Catholic times.
Since the establishment of Protestantism, numerous
have been set up. So that, as
professorshil:?, Ste., a
upon the
question of right, depending
tions of the founders, Catholics and members of the
Establishment have an equal claim, in proportion to the
endowments made by the respective founders. As to
Protestant Dissenters, they have no such claim; though
the Cch
many eminent men, members of , have ad•
vueated their admission on the ground o fhur national ex-
iderin 7. that increased
pediency and benefit; cons femula-
tion would give a stimulus to learning, so
ten prejudices,
remove animosities, and produce harmony among g various
classes of the people. Probably, ere long, the difficulty
may be met, by further additions, at the expense of the
State, and on condition of all parties b
being
eligible.
The discussion upon this question as happened op
portunely, we think, while the scheme of more richly
Catholic College is under c •
endowing a Roman onsidera•
Lion ; though no one, in or out of Parliament, as far as
we know,has noticed the connexion of the two. We sug-
gest as a good point of resistance to the Maynooth
Bill, that some independent member should move as a
substitute for the whole grant, the admission of Catho.
lies to Oxford and Cambridge, as matter of right,
arising from Catholic foundations ; leaving Maynooth,
like other denominational institutions, to voluntary sup-
port.— Whitehuven Herald.

including 1,000!.
THE MARINE SOCIETY.—The anniversay dinner of
this Society took place at the London Tavern, on Thursday
Mr. W. Astell, M.P., in the chair. The subscriptions during
itohe,ihe;e4itivetrya;nfluirontnegdlit'othlegliA"ence of the Marquis' dt Wegio
made over.
minster. from the remains of a fund which the late Captain
Brereton had collected for an unbuccessful attempt at infant
colonization of the Cape of Good Hope.

PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS.

(From the Rotes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.)
SATRUDAY, APRIL 18.
3IAYNOOTH COLLEGE BILL.

Motion made, said Question proposed, " That the Bill be now read
a second time :"—Amesulment proposed, to leave out the word
" now," and at the end of the Question to add the words " upon this
day six months :"—Question put, " That the word ' now' stand part
of the Question." The House divided :
MAJORITY—AYES, 323.
Acland, Sir T. D. Ferguson, Colonel Ord, William
Acland, T. D. Ferguson, Sir R. A. Ossulston, Lord
A'Court, Captain Fitzinaurice, W. Oswald, Alexander
Adare, Viscount Fitarby, Henry Oswald, James
Adderley, C. B. Fitzwilliam, G. W. Owen, Sir John
Aglionby, H. A. Fleetwood, Sir P. Paget, Colonel
Ainsworth, Peter Flower, Sir J. Paget, Lord W.
Aldam, William Follett, Sir W. Paget, Lord A.
Anson, Colonel Forster, Matthew Pakington, J. S.
Archbold, Robert Fox, C. R. Palmerston, Viscount
Armstrong, Sir A. Fremantle, Sir T. Parker, John
Arundel, Earl of French, F. Patten, J. W.
Bagot, William Gaskell, J M. Peel, Sir R.
Baillie, Colonel Gibson, T. M. Peel, Jonathan
Baird, William Gladstone, W. E. Pendarres, E. W.
Barclay, David Gladstone, Captain Pennant, Colonel
Baring, F. T.
_Godson, Richard Philips, G. It.
Baring, Thomas Gordon, Captain Phillpotts, John
Baring, W. B. Gore, Montague Pigot, David
Barnard, E. G. Gore, Robert Pigot, Sir It.
Barneby, John Goulburn, Henry Ponsonby, C. F. A.
Barrington, Viscount Graham, Sir J. Praed, W. T.
Bell, Matthew Granby, Marquis Pusey, Philip
Bell, John Granger, T. C. Rawdon, Colonel
Bellew, R. M. Greene, T. Redlngton, T. N.
Bentinck, Lord G. Grey. Sir George Reid, Sir John
Berkeley, Craven Guest, Sir J. Repton, G. W. J.
Blackburn, J. I. Hale, R. B. Rice, E. R.
Blake, M. J. lialford, Sir H. Roebuck, J. A.
Bodkin, W. H. - Hamilton, W. J. Ross, D. R.
Boldero, H. G. Hamilton, Lord C. Round, John
Bottleld, Beriah Harcourt, G. G. Roue, Captain
Bowes, John Hatton, Captain Rumbold, C. E.
Bowles, Admiral . Hawes, Benjamin Russell, Lord J.
Bowring, Dr. Ilayter, W. G. Russell, Lord E.
Bramston, T. W. Heathcote, Sir W. Russell, Charles
Broadwood, H. lieneage, G. H. W. Russell, J. D. W.
Brotherton, Josepk Heneage, -Edward Rutherftird, A.
Browne, W. Herbert, Sidney Sandon, Viscount
Brownrigg, J. S. Heron, Sir Robert Scott, Robert
Bruce, Lord E. Hervey, Lord A. Scrope, G. P.
Bulkeley, Sir It. 'Linde, JAL Seymour, Sir H.
Buller, Charles llobhouse, Sir J. Shell, R. L.
Buller, Edward Hogg, J W Shelburne, Earl
Butler, P. S. Holland, Robert Sheppard, Themes
Byng, George Holmes, W. A'Court Sheridan, It. It.
Byng, G. S. 'Hope, Charles Smith, Benjamin
Campbell, Sir H. Hope, G. W. Smith, J. A.
Cardwell, Edward Iforsman. Edward Smith, T. B. C.
Carew, R. S. Howard, C. W. Smythe, George
Carew, W. H. P. Howard, J. K. Somes, Joseph
Carnegie, Captain Howard, E. G. Somerset, Lord G.
Castlereugh,Viscount Howard, P. 11. Somerville, Sir W.
Cavendish, C. C. Howard, Henry Somes, Joseph
Cavendish, G. H. Howard, Sir R. Sotheron, T. H.
Chapman, B. Ilowick, Viscount Standish, Charles
Charteris, Francis Hume, Joseph Stansfleld, W. R. C.
Chelsea, Viscount Hutt, William Stanton, W. H.
Childers, J. W. Ingestrie, Viscount Staunton, Sir G.
Cholmondeley, H. Irving, John Stewart, John
Clay, Sir W. James, Sir W. C. Stuart, W. V.
Clayton, It. R. Jennyn, Earl Stock, Sergeant
Clerk, Sir George Jocelyn, Viscount Strait, Edward
Clifton, J. T. Johnstone, Sir J. Sutton, H. AL
Clive, Viscount Kelly, Fitzroy Tancred, H. W.
Clive, R. H. Knight, H. G. Tennent, J. E.
Cobden, Richard Labouchere, Henry Theslger, Sir F.
Cockburn, Sir G. Lambton, H. Themely, Thomas
Colborne, W. R. Langston, J. H. Tollemache, F. J.
Colebrooke. Sir T. • Lascelles, W. S. Tomline, George
—Collett, John Leader, J. T. Towneley, John
Collins, William Legh, G. C. Trull, George
Coote, Sir C. H. Lemon, Sir C. Trelawny, J. S.
Corry, Henry Lennox, Lord A. Trench, Sir F. W.
Conrtenay, Lord Leveson, Lord Trevor, G. R.
Cowper, W. P. Liddell, H. T. Tune, H. M.
Craig, W. G. Lincoln, Earl Vane, Lord H.
Cripps, William Lindsay, Hugh Vernon, G. H.
Currie, Raikes Listowel, Earl Villiers, Charles
Dalmeny, Lord Loch, James Villiers, Viscount
Dalrymple, Captain Lyall, George Vivian, J. H.
Darner, Colonel Macaulay, T. B. Walker, Richard
Dawson, T. V. Mackenzie, W. F Wall, C. B.
Denison, W. J. Mackinnon, W. J. Walsh, Sir J. B.
Denison, John E. Macuamara, Malor Warburton, H.
Denaistonn, J. M`Geachy, F. A. Ward, H. G.
D'Eyncourt, C. T. M‘Neill, Duncan Watson, W. H.
Dickinson, F. 11. Mahon, Viscount Wawn, John T.
Dlvett, Edward Mangles, R. D. Wellesley, Lord C.
Dodd, George Manners, Lord C. S. White, Samuel
Douglas, Sir C. Manners, Lord J. Whitmore, T. C.
Douro, Marquis March, Earl Wilde, Sir T.
Dowdeswell, W. Marshall, William Williams, William
Drummond, H. It. Martin, John Wilshere, W.
Duncan, Viscount Martin, C. W. Winnington, Sir T.
Duncannon, Viscount Martin, T. B. Wodehcuse, Edmond
buncombe, A. Matheson, James Wood, Colonel T.
Dundas, David Mildmay„H. St. John Wortley, Lord
East, J. B. Milnes, R. M. Wortley, James S.
Easthope, Sir J. Mitcalfe, Henry Wortley, John S.
Eastnor, Viscount Mitchell, T. A. Wrightson, W. B.
Ebrington, Viscount Murphy, F. S. Wynn, C. W. W.
Egerton, Lord F. Murray, Alexander Wynn, Sir W. W.
Ellice, Rt. Hon. E. Napier4Sir C. Wyse, Thomas
Elphinstone, H. ' Neville, Ralph Yorke, H. R.
Emlyn, Viscount Nicholl, John
Escott, Bickham Norreys, Lord TILLERS.
Esmonde, Sir T. O'Conor, Don Toung, John
Estcourt, T. G. O'Ferrall, R. M. Baring, Henry

MINORITY—NOES, 176.
Ackers, James Egerton, W. T. M'Taggart, Sir J.
Acton, Colonel Egerton, Sir P. Mainwaring, T.
Antrobus, Edmund Entwisle, William Marton, George
Arbuthnott, H. Ewart, William Diastennan, John
Arkwright, George Farnham, E. B. Maule, Fox
Astell, William Felidea, W. Itiatuisell, T. P.
Bagge, William Fielden, John Maxwell, J. P.
Bailey, J., jun. Fellowes, Edward Morris, David
Bankes, George Ferrand, W. B. Mundy, E. M.
Baskerville, T. B. Filmer, Sir t. Muntz, G. F.
Bateson, Thomas Fitzroy, Lord C. Neeld, Joseph
Beckett, William Flo Mott, John Neeld, John
Beresford, Major Forbes, William Newdegate, C. N.
Bernard, Viscount Forman, T. S. Newry, Viscount
Blackstone, W. S. Fox, S. L. Northland, Viscount
Blewitt, R. J. Fuller, A. E. O'Brien, A. S.
Bouverie, E. P. Giaborne, Thomas Packe, C. W.
Boyd, John Gore, W. R . Palmer, Robert
Bradshaw, James Gore, W. R. 0. Pattison, James
Bright, John Goring, Charles Pluniptre, J. P.
Brisco, M. Greenall, Peter Polhill, Frederick
Broadley, 11. Gregory, W. H. PollingtonZlriscount
Brocklehurst, J. Grimsditels, T. Powell, Colonel
Brooke, Sir A. Grogan, Edward Pringle, Alexander
Bruce, C. L. C. Hallyburton, Lord Protheroe, Edward
Bruen, Colonel Hamilton, J. H. Rendlesham, Lord
Bruges, W. H. Hamilton. G. A. Richards, Richard
Buck, L. W. Hampden, aeon Rolleston, Colonel
Buckley, Edmund Hanmer, Sir J. Round, C. G.
Buller, Sir J. F. Hardy, John Rushbrooke, Col..
Burrell, Sir C. Harris, Captain Ryder, G. D.
Burroughs, H. N. Basile, ;Archibald Sanderson, Richard
Campbell, J. H. Hayes, Sir Edmund Shaw, Frederick
Chapman, Aaron Heathooat, John Sibthorp, Colonel
Chetwode, Sir J. Henley, J. W. Smith, Abel
Christie, W. D. Hepburn, Sir T. Smyth, Sir H.
Christopher, It. A. Hindley, Charles Smollett, A.
Codrington, Sir W. Hodgson, F. Spooner, Richard
Cole, H. A. Hornby, John Stanley, Edward
Colvile, C. R. Hughes, W. B. Stewart, P. M.
Compton, M. C. Itumphery, Alderman Stuart, Henry
Connolly. Colonel Hussey, Ambrose Talbot, C. R.
Copeland, Alderman Hussey, Th6mas • Taylor, Edward
Crawford, W. S. Inglis, Sir R6ll. - Taylor. J. A.
Cartels, H. B. Je vin. John , . • Tollemache, John
Darby, George Johnstone, Hope - Tower, Christopher
Dawnay, W. H. Jolllffe, Sir W. Trowbridge, Sir E.
Deedes, William Jones, Captain Turn: r, Edmund
Denison, E. B. Kemble, Henry Tumor, Christopher
Dick, Quintin Knight, F. W. Tyrrell, Sir J. T.
D'lsraell, B. Knightley, Sir C. Verner, .Colonel
Douglas, Sir H. Law, C. E. Vyv% an, Sir R.
Douglas, J. D. S. Lawson, Andrew Waddington, M. S.
Dugda:e, W. S. Lefroy, Anthony Wakley, Thomas
Duke, Sir J. Leslie, C. P. Welby, G. E,
Dunean, George Long, Walter Wyndham, Colonel
Duncornbe, T. Lowther, Sir J. H.
Duncombe, 0. Lowther, Colonel TZLLSRS.
Du Pre, C. G. Mackenzie, T. Aekley, Lord
Eaton. 11..14 Maclean, Donald Colquhoun, J. C.

We understand that no Members paired for the divi-
sion on the Maynooth grant, consequently, allowing for
vacancies, about 150 have not voted. Among these are
many Irish Members, who would have voted with the
majority.

. 0
ms -.
Week Last 1 ••
'..
ending NAME OF RAILWAY. week. p. .
C.' b.
US
- ---•
A A
April 12 Arbroath and Forfar ••••••-• • • • • • • • 216 118
11 Birmingham and Gloucester ••••• • • • • • 3,657 2,229
- Brandling Junction . - -
Bristol and Gloucester . - -
11 Chester and Birkenhead .•••••• • • • • • • 569 568
10 Dublin and Drogheda -
15 Dublin and Kingstown ••• • • •
13 Dundee and Arbroath . ....... •••• • • • 293 222
12 Durham And Sunderland .•••••• • • • • • • 530 312
12 Edinburgh and Glasgow .••• • • • ... - 2,625 2,209
13 Eastern Counties and North Eastern • • 4,566 4,176
12 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr ••• • • • 1,655 1,334
12 Glasgow and Greenock .•••• • • .. •• .. 824 712
12 Grand Junction ........... ......... 8,924 7,607
12 Great North of England .. •• • • ...... 1,823 1,518
13 Great Western ... ..... ............. 15,779 15,624
11 Liverpool and Manchester •• • •
12 London and Birmingham .•••• • • - • • 16,034 16,415
13 London and Blackwail ••••••• • • • .• • • 837 947
12 London and Brighton ..•••.•• • • • • . • • 3,730 4,722
15 London and Croydon . ..... ..... •
17 London and Greenwich .•••••• • • • • • • 842 758
12 London and South Western. •• •• •• - 5,693 6,677
13 Manchester, Bolton, and Bury B6B 867
11 Manchester and Birmingham •••• • • - 3,618 3,426
12 Manchester, Leeds, and Hull Assoc.• 7,054 6,5.3
12 Midland Counties .••••••••• • • . • • • • • • 10,722 8,532
12 Newcastle and Darlington ••••• • • • • • 1,295 -
12 Newcastle and Carlisle ••••••• • • • • • • • 1,367 1,301
13 Newcastle and North Shields. ••. • • - * 358 379
11 North Union and Bolton and Preston 1,391 1,372
14 Paris, Corbeil, and Orleans ••••• • • • • • 5,833 5,418
14 Paris and Rouen . • .•. • ••
12 Prestonand Wyre ••••.•••• . • • • • • • • • 4r 6 234
12 Sheffield and Manchester •••• . • • ..... 668 793
17 South Eastern •.•••••••• • • • „ • • • • •
.. 4,068
12 Taff Vale •• • • ••....... . • • • • • • • •
... 3,745
931 673
12 ,Tarmouth and Nefrilch .........::::
267,2570 :I::
243
12 York and North -Midland . •.... . -
•

Mr. Lawrence and Lady Jane Peel and family
bp*, after a !orbited needful at rub, returod to tai, muntii,

!lEALTW of the WORKING CLASSES.
(From th ix Popular Record of Modern Science')

PREVENTI VE TR,EATME NT OF THE DISEASES
OCCASIONED BY THE USE OF LEAD.

There are snore than forty trades which are injuri-
ous to the he. tlth of those who work at them, all hav-
ing poisonous 'effects, which are not unfrequently fatal
to life. The worst of all, are those in which a che-
mical prepantio:m of lead forms the basis of the manu-
facture, such sek litharge, white lead, minium, &c., &c.
Melting and fklAting-houses, shot manufactories, type
foundries, the application of the various pre-
parations in potteries and gliss houses, of the.
salts of lead in painting and building,
the pulverization of colours, the dyeing horse hair
stuffs black, polishing, &c., &c., all employ a consi
derable number of workmen, wo are exposed to the
action of large quantities of volatilised poisonous
matter, in the form of vapour, dust, or solution.
The absorbing surface of the body comes in
contact with these pernicious substances, which are
taken up with increased rapidity as the frame be-
comes excited by labour. Thus most of the unhappy
artisans whom necessity forces into these pestilential
workshops, come to the hospitals after a few months
or even weeks, with every symptom of the wont
cases of poison. They are generally attacked by
violent cholic which, if it be not fatal, is followed by
extreme debility, and often incurable paralysis. The
less frequent symptoms are epileptic, which, if not
immediately fatal, are succeeded by paralyses, mental
alienation, cachexy, and weakness, all beyond the
reach of medicine.

It is an obvious duty, both of superintendents and
medical men, to use every effort towards the cure and
prevention of these maladies, and it will be useful to
make known to the public the preventive treatment
which has been employed and approved of by Doctors
Gendrin, Brisset, and Meunier, physicians to the
hospitals in Paris ; Priesso, and Solari, of the hospital
at Genoa; Bertini, physician to the great hospital of
the equestrian ordsr of St. Maurice, and St. Lazarus,
at Turin ; P. F. Curie, head physician to the Homceo-
pathic hospital in London, Henry Bennet, sub-editor
of the Lancet, E. Chepmell, &c. &c.
This treatment is extremely simple, and only re-
quires the workmen to submit to the following pre-
cautions :—They are to take two baths of soap and
water every week, occasionally adding a little
sulphur, and are carefully to wash the uncovered
parts of the body with soap and water at every in-
terval between their working hours. They are to
drink one or two glasses of lemonade, made with
sulphuric acid, every day, according to the greater or
lesser quantity of dust or poisonour vapour with which
the surrounding atmospheres may be charged. At
the same time they should be more careful than the
followers of any other trade, to abstain from the use
of spirituous liquors.
The efficacy of this preventive treatment is easily
explained by the fact, that the mineral poison ab-
sorbed is thus converted into a soluble, and therefore
innoxious salt (sulphate of lead), and the saturnine
particles depsited on the surface of the body are
taken away. The sulphuric lemonade and common
soap may be had for a few pence each week, and in
the large, and consequently most unwholesome esta-
blishments, the condensed water from the steam-
engines, now thrown away, may be advantageously
employed for the baths. The proprietors would find
an immense advantage in providing accommodations
and ingredients for these purposes ; as by these means
they would be able to retain experienced workmen,
instead of suffering the annoyance of a constant suc-
cession of inexperienced hands.

ACCIDENT RELIEF SOClETY.—Yesterday afternoon,
a sermon on behalf of this charitable institution was

preached at the church of St. Mary Somerset, in Upper
Thames-street, by the Rev. Henry Cole, M.A. After a
very eloquent appeal by the reveren'l gentleman, a very
satisfactory amount was collected. It would seem that
the funds of the institution have been very severely
pressed upon during the past winter.
BELFAST PROTESTANT PETITION IN FAVOUR OF
THE MAYNOOTH GRANT. Yesterday (Wednesday) after-
noon this petition, a copy of which we published, was
placed in the Commercial News-room, and received, in
the course of the evening, about one hundred and
fifty signatures, including the names of four or five
magistrates, several bankers, and a number of the other
leading inhabitants of the town. The number of signatures,
from such a class of people, is greater than we recollect
being attached, in the same place, and in so short a time, to
any petition ; and, what is very gratifying, they are those of
Whigs, Tories, and Radicals, and of all shades of Protes-

tanti":;n. The good feeling and proper spirit displaved, in
this instance, are honourable to the town.—Northern Whig.
THE SII AP WICK MURDERS.—The wretched con-
vict, Sarah Freeman, since her trial has assumed a de-
meanour somewhat more becoming her awful situation. We

understand that she has generally behaved well since her
sentence, displays much shrewdness in her remarks,

and understands everything she reads. She has, however,
made no confession, nor has she expressed a wish to
see any one. Her brother, nevertheless, was admitted .to
see her on Sunday, when, after affirming that " every-
body was against her," she strongly asserted her own inno-

cenCe, and attempted to criminate the relative then visiting
her. At present she exhibits so resolute a tone that but little
hopes are entertained of her making a confession. We learn

Ault her spirits are, at times, exceedingly good. The execu
innis fixed for Wednesday next.—Taunton Courier.

VOL. HI. OF M. TRIERS' HISTORY OF THE CON-
suLATE.--We are requested to state that Mr. Colburn,
of Great l'.larlborough-street, has this day published the
third volume, Bvo., price 55., M. A. Thiers' "History

of the Consulate and Empire," a sequel to his " Histor
of the French Revolution," which can now be bad of al

booksellers. Mr. Colburn has also just published:-
2. Peninsular Sketches, by Actors on the Scene; edited
by W. H. Mawcll, Esq., author of " Stories of Waterloo,"

&c., 2 vols., 21s. bound. 3. The Duke of Wellington's
Maxims and Opinions, Bvo., I4s. bound. 4. Revelations
of Spain in 1845, by an English Resident, 2 vols., 21s.
bound. 5. The Nelson Letters and Dispatches, vol. 11.,
Bvo., 15s. bound. 6. Three Years in Constantinople;
or, Domestic Manners of the Turks, by C. White, Esq.,
3 vols., with 34 Illustrations, 31s. 6d. bound; and 7.
Letters of a German Countess, written during her
travels in Turkey, Egypt, the holy Land, &c., in
1843 4., 3 vols., small Bvo.
On Thursay last the Master of the Rolls gave
judgment in the case of the Attorney-General v. the
Lord Mayor and Corporation of the City of London,
overruling the demurrer pleaded by the defendants, and
sustaining the information filed on her Majesty's
behalf. The effect of this judgment is, that the
defendants must answer the information, and set
forth the title under which they claim to be owners
of the bed and shores of the river Thames.
We some time since took occassion to direct the at-

tention of our readers to the institution of these pro-
ceedings, and to the important public interests involved
in their result. We may now, therefore, congratulate
them upon the accomplishment of this the first practical
step on the part of the advisers of the Crown to vindi-
cate its rights, and ultimately to ensure for the inhabi-
tants of this vast city such a system of management,
both as regards the navigation of the Thames and the
appropriation of its shores, as the requirements of its
trade and the rational enjoyments of its increasing popu-
lation have long called for.—,Obset ver.
THE WILL OF THE LATE REV. SYDNEY SMITH.—
Probate of the will and three codicils of the Rev. Sydney Smith,
late of Combe Florey, in the county of Somerset, sad of 56, Green.
street, Grosvenor-square, clerk; canon residentiary of at. Paul's
Cathedral, has just been granted to his relict, Catherine Amelia
Smith, the sole executrix. The personal estate is sworn under
80,0011. The will is of great • length; and professionally drawn
and fairly copied, except the conclusion, which is in the testator's
handwriting; it is dated June 6, "1843. He directs the trustees
to pay ever to his wife 10,0001:. Immediately after his decease, for
her own absolute use, and bequeaths to .her for her life the rents
arising from the Guildhall Coffee-house, and the house in Charles.
street, Berkeley.square, and all interests and dividends payable from
securities in America and France; he also leaves to her the hou e
in Green-street, and the ftftniture and effects in and about the
same, and expresses a wish that she .should continue to reside
therein, and after her decease he directs that a moiety of the rents
should remain as settled by himself and wife under a deed ; the
other moiety he bequeaths to his son, Wyndham Smith, and ap-
points him reversionary residuary legatee. Bequeaths legacies to
his servants; and on the death of his wife he leaves to his servant,
Anne Kaye, a legacy of 1001. and an annuity of 30/. The tes.
tator concludes his will by the following bequests and directions, in
his own hand :-1 appoint my wife sole executrix. 1 leave to
Sarah Westwood, and to Massey, the housemaid at Combe Florey,

101. each; to Christopher Hodgson —, to buy a fiat silver
candlestick, on which shall be engraven, " to commemorate the
confidence and good nature of many years;'' I will also that not
only the dilapidation' of Combe Florey, but those also of all my
ecclesiastical preferments, shall be paid for out of my estate
by my trustees, and not out of the property bequeathed to
my wife; and I will also that Wyndham Smith do settle
himself apart from his mother, and that he receive the an-
nuity which she is directed to pay him only upon the ex-
press condition of establishing a domicile for himself apart
from his mother, and the annuity to be paid by the trustees on the
same condition.—Svoney SMITE! The codicils are entirely in the
testator's handwriting. By the first, dated January 3, 1844, he
bequeaths to his son, Wyndham Smith, an annuity 0f.5001., on the
conditions named in the will. By the viand codicil, dated Octo-
ber 18, 1844, he appoints Nathaniel Hilbert and Dr. Holland to be
his trustees, in the room of those appointed by the will, and leaves
101. to Mary Chitty. The third codicil is in these words :—" I
revoke that part of my will which relates to the property which is
to be conveyed to Wyndham Smith by my trustees after my death,
and that of his mother, and I direct that there shall be conveyed to
him after that period the sum of 30,0001. of Three per Cent. Re.
duced Government Stock, as also the fortune he is to receive from
me;
• nd I leave to my wife my houses in Green-street and Charles •
street, the Guildhall, Coffeehouse, my New York and French
Stock, in addition to whatever I may have left her in the pie.
ceding nill."111/1
• THE WEATHER AND CROI'S. The high winds •
and excessive cold which prevailed ten days agohave been
succeeded by genial breezes from the west and south-nest,
again
and refreshing showers of rain. The earth.is putting
on her mantle of green, and bears token that summer is ap-
proaching. The sowing of oats is completed, barley nearly
so, and some progress made in the planting of potatoes. The
weather is favourable for the s
operations of the hus-
bandman ; and the lateness of the season rendering every
minute precious, agricultural operations are pushed forward
Si:
this
the a
suotnmo st An unusual breadth of land
beingvilgiroelpira'red for
.potatoest ; and, from the
ccare e takenl‘tieh ihnasprbeeseenry preserving the
injuriousseed
to
ai t
etehte,
thisl 13\11'11'1u atbillea
will
not re-appear, or, if so, that the
great
some time has been bestowed onattention
the
subject which,
wilthe for
the
means of discovering a remedy.—Edinburgh Witness.
NEVER DESPAIR.—It is told that a maiden lady
of fourscore on being asked at what aget awoman ceases to think
of marriage, candidly told the interroga erthat he must apply to
avnanoitldyeirnwaoffmataranrethpatnainhgertshelef.a.ex eaaatthiwethiia%gh
uaaniiyoldduhmioauna's.
The
efifes age
. • Two.labourers were, lee Essex' Quarter
;.seation.N tentenced to• a year's linpiiioniAn't ISHCIa-cl4 the rotit'of
a tree on the Eastern Counties Railway, for the purpose of throw.
ing off a train. The punishment is a most proper one.—
, /04anrif lteront.