The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-06 00:00:00


:`'~ ~'

• -
.:I.IITA • • • -
• ' • s,
AN URGENT APPEAL is _Made on behalf of
the FAMILY of a most exemplaryblßlSTlAN CLEE("I.- •
MAN, who, through death and other unfordieen events, havelost utl
their income. It is now proposed to raise -a fund to enable this
afflicted family once more to settle in the world, and it only, teepiircs
the moderate, but united response of benevolent Christians to
plish this.impertant and laudable object, towards which the fellaWillg
donations have been received
Lord Chief Justice Denman,lL ; Lord Bishop of Chichester, 21.
Lord Bishop of Lincoln, 2/. ; Lord Morpeth, 21.
Donations will be received by the Right Hon. Thomas Grenville.•
Sir Robert Inglis, Bart., M.P. ; the Rev. Vice-Chancellor of Oaford'llf
George Robins, Esq.; the Rev. Daniel. Btiett4eiti•; Clergy Oryhan Setacl,
St. John's-wood, London ; Rev, an • St. 'Feter's-
Cambridge; and Rev. T. S. Wol.l. ohs, Tuddenham Rectory, Nor-
wich; each of 'whOm have subscribed.

COURT OF _BURGESSES, WEST-4'
IVIINSTER.
(Before' the .Deputy Steward, the High Bailiff, .aitijr,e full
Court of Burgesses.) '
At the meetiw_i3f this Court on Thuridav, andslifter
diSposal of the preliminary business, the .appeeie
called cn.
Mr. Pamphilon, of Castle-street, Leicester-square, cheese.al.
monger, appealed against a conviction of a former Coure,-*/$l,
said he should be glad to know what his offence had been; for., .
he was not aware he had committed .any__
The DEPUTY STEWARD—YOU. were - fined 10s.- for having
two pair of scales deficient ; one two drachms, the other
Mr. Pamphilon said it would be quite impossible 'to tally
on business, if tradesmen were to be fined and kayo their
names expesed in the newspapers, for such trivial deficiencies. -
With these scales he was in the habit of weighing by 4he
half cwt.,-and a fraction of an ounce was never cliargedifOr
instance an article might weigh 14 drachms over the mire,
and he should not for a moment think of charging :le,' it
would be given to the buyer ; yet he (Mr. Parnphilon) was
fined for a draft of from one to two drachms. _ _

The COURT seemed to be of opinion that as the scales were
not correct the fine ought to be imposed.
Mr. Pamphilon—Then I have another plea to offer, and
that is, that your own weights are not correct, by Aich you
test other people's.
The DEPUTY STEWARD—HOW can that be,
.when: onr
standards are tried by the proper Court.
Mr. Pamphilon said he had some weights now which had
been sent down tp that Court to be adjusted and stamped ;
they lad never been used since then, and yet they were
nearly all wrong. Two 14 lb. weights differed from each
other at least seven drachms. Now if .he had used those
weights, he Was liable to be pounced upon by the jury, to be
fined, and his name published. This surely was a great puu-
lie evil and ought to be remedied: The weights were now in

Court, in order that the truth of his statement might be
verified.

The COURT assented to the proposition, and the jury left
for the purpose of trying Mr. Pamplallon's weights. Upon
their return,

The Foreman of the jury stated that the weights were
nearly all found too heavy.
After some further conversation, it was decided that a
strict inquiry should be made into the irregularities at the
stamping_ office.—Mr. Pamphilon's fine will be remitted.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
COURT-MARTIAL.

PORTSMOUTH, MAY 3.—A Court-martial was held pester-
day on board the St. Vincent, 120, flag-ship of Sir Charles
Rowley, G.C.8., G.C.H., Commander in-Chief, &c., consist-
ing of Rear-Admiral Hyde Parker, C. 8., President ; Shr.
Thomas Hastings, of the-Excellent; Captain R. F. Rowley,
the Flag Captain of the St. Vincent; Captain W. W. Hen-
derson, K.H.; of the Victory; Commander Robert Willcot,
of the Victory; and Mr. George L. Greetham, Judge-Advo-
cate ; to try acting-gunner John Rance, of her Majesty's brig
Pantaloon, 10 guns, Commander C. H. Lapidge, on three
several charges—for that he, the said John Rance, acting-
gunner of her Majesty's brig Pantaloon, did, whilst the said,
brig was in Plymouth Sound, absent himself from the said
brig without leave or authority from his commander, or
other acting officer; and for having similarly absented him-
self from the said brig when sent to the Gun Wharf of Ports-
mouth ; and for having been universally drunk ever since
he had been appointed to the said brig; all which charges
having been duly proved by several witnesses, the Court was
of opinion that the said John Rance was unfit to continue in
her Majesty's service, and sentenced him to be forthwith
discharged from the same, and rendered incapable of again
entering or serving in the same as a warrant officer ; and he
was forthwith discharged and disqualified accordingly.
The Queen, 110, flagship of Sir E. W. C. R. Owen, K.C.8.,
G.C.H., Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean, is ex-
pected at this port in the early part of June, to be paid off.
It is reported that the Admiral will hoist his flag on the
Formidable, 84, Captain Sir C. Sullivan, who will bring home
the Queen, the Admiral meanwhile flying his flag on board
the Formidable, until the expiration of his command, which
will be in October.

The Volage, 26, Captain Sir W. Dickson, will shortly be
removed from the Cork station to Lisbon, where she will
conclude her service, and supersede the Albion, 92, Captain
Nicholas Lockyer, ordered to the Mediterranean.
The Sealark, 10, Commander T. L. Gooch, has landed the
new Governor of the Gold Coast (Commander Hill, R.N.) et
Cape Coast Castle, and proceeded thence on a short cruise
off the Cape de Verd Islands.
The Hornet, 6, Lieutenant-Commander R. B. Miller, is
ordered home from the North American and West India sta.
tion, to be paid ofl, having been five years in commission.
The Rattlesnake troop-ship, Master. Commander Richard
Brown. is daily expected at Spithead from the. East_ludies,
with the 55th Regiment.
The Indus, 78, Captain Sir James Stirling, is expected at
Spithead, from the Mediterranean, within the prosent month,
to be paid off, having been nearly four years in commis:ion.
The Clio, 16, Commander James Fitzjames, is on her way
to England from the East Indies to be paid off. She left Boro.--
bay on the 20th of January.
The Belvidera, 38, Captain Hon. George Grey, by priv,ate
letters, 'has left the Bay. of Gibraltar for Tunis ; an,:( the
Scout sloop, 18, Commander Hon. J. R. Drummond, was the
only ship left in the Bay on the 18th ult.
The City of Limerick steam -packet arrived from Plymouth
on Tuesday, with the first division of the 76th Regiment,
which landed at Blockhouse-beach, and marched to Haslar
Barracks, where they remain until the remainder of the 49th
vacate Cambridge Barracks, Portsmouth.. _

The Daring and Osprey new 12-gun brigs ha,:•e been re-
moved from the basin to make room from °tha'. vessels, and
for bringing out the Collingwood.
The Drake lighter has been laying down moorings daring•
the week for the Success hulk, near the buoy over the Edgar
at Spithead, the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty
having determined forthwith to have that obstruction to the
anchorage removed. The divers belonging to the Corps of
Royal Engineers arrived on Thursday, and a number of hands
have been engaged, and will commence operations next
week. The same riggers as were employed on the Royal
George last week will be employed on the Edgar.
The Bonetta, 3, Commander T. S. Brock, is expected to
arrive at Spithead, from Chatham, about the 16th, for sur-
veying service, in company of the Sparrow, 6, Lieutenant-
Commander H. C. Otter, in the Levant.

The Meander, 44, is not for . immediate commission, as
stated by a contemporary, but is ordered to join the ordinary
at Chatham.

The Sydenham steam-vessel has been commissioned at
Woolwich by Lieutenant Mapleton, for the Mediterranean.
The Rodney, 90, 'is rapidly progressing towards comple-
tion, and will be ready to go out of dock in about a fort-
night. The Neptune, 120, is also in a very advanced state,
and will be put in commission for the first flag required.

FRIDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE.
DIVIDENDS.
At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-str-...ei.
R. Tebay, plumber, Winchester, May 24, at eleven—. 8.0
,
Bayley, draper, Abingdon, Berkshire, 11tIba:! at twelve--1•
;if- past twelve—H.
Jay, builder, London-wall, May 24, a
Orbell, victualler, Romford, Essex, May 24, at two—' '• ~
Lawford, wine merchant, Fenchumn-street, May 24, at hOi•
past one—W. H. Woodall, woollen draper, Bishopsgate-str
Without, May 25, at one.
CERTIFICATES to be granted, unless cause be shown to th
contrary, on the day herein-mentioned.
C. B. Bayley, draper, Abingdon, Berkshire, May 24—W.
Butcher, commission agent, Great Marlborough-street, St.
James's, May 24—J. D. Hinxman, wine merchant, Harley-
street, Cavendish-square, May 24-2 J. R. Bradley, horn mer-
chant, Sheffield. May 24—J. Finney, builder, Woore, Shrop-
shire, May 25—J. Wade, paper maker, Birmingham, May 25
—J. Forster, bankers, Carlisle, Cumberland, May 24--W.
Smithson, linen draper, Thirsk, Yorkshire, May 24—J. and
11. P. Clarke, music sellers, Leeds, May 24—T. Higgins,n,
pawnbroker, Liverpool, May 24—R. Pettit, livery.stable
keeper, Exning, Suffolk, May 24—J. Sherwood, stat,onsr,
Wood-street, Cheapside, May 24—W. H. Chaplin, brick-
layer, Inworth, Essex, May 24—G. Diack, furniture ware-
houseman, Regent-street, Piccadilly, May 24.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
P. J. Foulkes and R. Singlehuret, merchants, Liverpool--.
W. R. Sundt and J. Windle, agents, Gould-square—W. a,l
G. A. May, drapers, Hinckley, Leicestershire—D. and ,r
Norman, pawnbrokers, Blackburn, Lancashire—J. 1a m
and C. Symons, grocers, Tavistock, Devonshire—W_:.
andn
S. Barker, platers, Birmingham—T. Lightwoed,
wood, and W. Lightwood, coal merchants, Worcesrser
Spaeth and J. C. de Medeiros, soap manufacture
worth—W. oh retsti r
eW_.
JB. eßvaarntoann
W. NB.r aNclvbi
lusroyn,, i_rsonnifeuEnld.v eiriNsosl;
inlDs)ou—nircn.etield,
printers, Manchester (so far as regards E.
sellers, New Bond-street
H.
Lavenu and R. Hodson, jun.,
Lombard-
street—S. IL Thomas and Reuitditiagi
H.
h 'Kent—J. T. Haigh and
p—o
Seger,
gaa rn
TE.. TAY. e Gipson, and
G bakers,m_Seugsi a c.
tailors, cmh mol oe
sn brewers,Nicholas-lane, l Lt Cheltenham—
W. tai
may re_dr
eYloosrkshire—M. and
W. and R. Brasier,farmers,
e, City—J. and
PT SET. th,
Andrews,wors ed mparnutfearest
Br manufacturers,
ol Halifax,
om e
T. P. Wood, wine merchants,
.erpCbhreosakatntee
attorneys-at-law,
je
ClementsD lewtr itya
at Derbyshire—J.
sfi.oi
inseßhyi.,
Williams and A. Gar'
Gloucestershire—G•
E. Joy, oil munch
merchants,
Leeds—B.mongers and H. Symonds, tea dealers, Wilton, Wiltshire—
S. Stones and E. Hunt, ironfounders, Rowley Regis, Stafford-
shire—G. Scarlet and A. Sayer, curriers, Stafford—J. Black-
burn and J. Swettenham, calenderers, Manchester—G. Ger-
man and B. Holmes, mercers, Derby_ -Union Rolling Mill
Company, Birmingham (so far as regard', T. Edge and J. Rat-
cliffe)—J. Clarke, drapers, Manchestet---G. and H. B. Peart,
wholesale cheesemongera, Deptford—C. Kent and J. Haskew,
mercers, Derby.
SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
D. M. WRIGHT and CO., merdiants, Glasgow, May d
and 27, at twelve, at the chambers of C. and R. Baird,
Glasgow.

WILLIAM BIRRELL, farmer, Kennoway, May 9 and 30,
at one, at the Windygates Inn, Kennaway.

The Attorney-General is fast recovering from his
recent severe indisposition, but will not attend to his profes-
sional duties before next term. Mr. Sergeant Channell is
restored to health, and has resumed his practice in the Com-
mon Pleas during these last few days.
A married female, residing in Distington, previous
to last week, suffered severely for some months from a
pain in the stomach, and every means adopted for its
removal proved of no avail. On Wednesday last, how-
ever, during a fit of coughing, she ejected from her sto-
mach a living reptile, above twelve inches in length, re-
sembling the water asp, and has ever since been compa-
ratively free from the pain she had hitherto endured. It
is conjectured that the reptile had been swallowed in
water when very small, and that it had attained its
great size in the stomach of the unfortunate woman, who
had been so long tortured by her strange and unnatural
lodger.—Cumberland Pacquet.
A VALUABLE CORK LEa..--Some time ago a
pauper belonging to Whitby, named William Holliday,
formerly a tailor, became a confirmed lunatic, and the
parish authorities were under the necessity of sending
him to Mr. Martin's retreat for insane
Helmsley. About two months since this pauper
ratdieGd ia.
Gate
at
the asylum, and on the 15th tilt. Mr. Martina addressed 'a
letter to Robert Breckon, Esq., the clerk of the Whitby
union, informing him
in William Holliday that
--0 • ss. 4d. had been " found
,s
cork
union. We underStantlicasstrPulleis'i
and that the amount v wrapped at
hopapvtehed up in rags,"
crediteben
given
o f et:
the cork leg to be forwarded to 'the Whitby museum,.

-

• -
drtv
*At*
r,o,DoN, litaNl) AY, MAY 6, 1844. •

We implore every :Member .of` Parliament who de.;
sires to seethe commercial and monetary condition.
ethis country establi.shed on a prosperous and per
ba.3i3, ,tO be in his place, in Uouse
of
%Commons, this. evening. Owing to 1-ther almost
smuggled notice which
,NTA'S en by Sir. GEORGE'
CLBEIC (amidst the confusion of the • House"
treAking'up after the discussion on the Budget of
the 29th u 4., sad the pro, forma reading,of the.Banit.
1e.%) of the Premier's intention
,to, submit certain
-resoluirong touching the renewal ;of the Bank -Char-
ter, we believe that many gentlemen are not
aware of the important business' thus appointed for
to-night. On the ." Vote" paper of the 29th it
-stands as No. 88 of that evening's proceedings, the
'last within some eight. Or ten of the whole. On the
Taper of a Notices" given on the 29th, it is au sentry
met more prominent or discernible. For '"these
'reams, and. became*of the pertinacious taciturnity'
eNhktl Sir ROBERT PEEL observed as to the intentions
<of the tioverrunent on Friday night, after Mr 141101iAs
BAlti" And Polittealy. addressed Mr. Gov;traN-on
this subject in an earlier stage of the business, we
are most anxious that. noitlen!lran should be sur-
prised, even on the first, ,ncia on of these iuten-.
lions, into a tacit though'
_r_eiucant toleration of pro-
positions which he mit
lind
their
re reasons for ob 7
jecting to, but, because
ecl develop-
VII:Z.:P;(11e that if, as
ment, be unprepared to resist:-
the Chancellor of the Exehetraer,t,
believed" -
(for it would be a pity—Le deplorable ificou3-
"-;were any of the subordinates of a
palm
Adist.ency_
in to be at any time in a condition to speak oat
and with certainty of the' intentions of ta
chief) it be not the rirst Lord's design to call forts
vote 'of 'the House upon the resolutions on the same
night, . it is so far the less probable that any Hon,
Members will be taken_ by, surprise in this matter.
But Ave have _not much faith in the ingenuousness
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer's ")itelief," and
moue-at all in the reluctance of the First Lord to
xliaelOarrass himself of its implied conditionsi.should
ti tkvourable opportunity,preseht, itself for snatching
tipisl vote of the House on his " ResOlutions."
Now, the entry on the 'Vote paper of the 29th,
runs thus :

" 88. Bank of England Charter. Act 3 and 4_
William IV., C. 98, for giving to the Corporation of
the Governor and Company of the Bank of England
certain privileges for a limited period, under certain
restrictions—read. l'Also, :several other Acts relating
to the Charter of the Bank of England, and advances
by them to the Government—and also to Banks and
4Banking ipartnnrships--read. Committee on Monday
zest"
Those who know how utterly Unintelligible and

unlistened to are the proceedings when, after the
"field-day" business—like the " Budget"—the
motion has been agreed to " that the other orders of
the day be now read"—will easily understand that
of all which is recorded in this entry, nobody but
the Speaker, Sir GEORGE CLERK, and the Clerks at
the Table, heard or knew one word at the time. And
if others had, the amount of their knowledge on the sub-
ject would have been no greater than it actually was
for these pro forma.' proceedings are like the new
gas cooking stoves. Everything is put down, no-
body sees how:; shut up, nobody understands why;
cooked by fuel, nobody can tell what; and taken
out, dished and served, nobody can tell when. Now
the House of Commons' process is much the same.
Acts of all reigns are said to be read which no man has
heard, of purport and effect which no man could divine.
certain steps taken which no man is cognisant of:
and the whole affair is finished before any man can'
say it is begun. IN eat morning it is dished up in the
Votes after the fanciful fashion just quoted. It is
surprising how much matter is condensed into the
mummery of this pro forma business. A Member
moves the House into Committee, and then that a
certain order of the day be read. Mr GREENE pro-
pounds the order with a rapidity equal to that of
galvanic communication, and (may we be pardoned)
quite as unintelligible. The Clerk, taking up a
roll of paper, gravely says, " this is an Act," and
throws it under the table. The mover, who has in-
voked the sublime machinery of the Committee, and
its presiding genius, Mr. GREENE (dignus rindice
nodus), being satisfied himself,`assumes the House to be
equally satisfied, with this instructing statement. He
proceeds to move certain resolutions, which are
actually read at the table once; the Chairman then
proposes that they be read a second time, and, if there
be no opposition, the House, by a well-bred fiction,
assumes that they are read again. Then the Chair-
man proposes himself, " that he do now leave the
Chair ;" takes the sense of the Comm.ttee by pro-
posing " that they who are of that opinion say aye,
of the contrary opinion, no ;" and, because some
answer neither with the one monosyllable or the
other, he concludes, on the extra-Parliamentary
axiom that "silence gives consent," that the ayes
have it ; quits his chair, walks to the door, is called
upon by Mr. Speaker in his most benign manner,
and, with modest brevity, announces that the Com-
mittee on such an order have come to certain reso-
lutions. This "fact" is recorded by the Clerk, and
printed in the votes distributed on the morrow.

Such, then, is the whole amount of what has been
preliminarily done—of what has subsequently been
made known—of the proceedings that are to lead
the business of this evening. This business is yet
more succinctly announced in the notices of motions
—" Monday, 6 May. Sir Robert Peel.—ln Commit-
tee on Bank Charter to move resolutions."

But what is there which regards the well-being of
this great empire, the integrity of its power, the
prosperity of its trade, the maintenance of its politi-
cal grandeur, the subsistence of its millions of in-
dustrial population, the payment of the wages of
their labour on a scale compatible with its value,
and, therefore, adequate to their physical sustenta-
tion, -which- is not involved, more or less, in the
terms upon which you will renew this charter of the
Bank ? In which of their multiplied relations are
not the security of property, the energy of trade, the
productiveness of capital, the employment of manufac-
turing and agricultural labour, the further develop-
ment of our vast but latent resources, the present main-
tenance and activity of our shipping—manufactures—
and all our staple trades, mixed up with this ques-
tion of the renewed privileges of the Bank of Eng-
land ? On what other point turns the sacredness of
property, the inviolability of legal title and pos-
session
to all the realty and personalty of
the kingdom, but the public good faith in
the confidence of which our wealth upholds
and everywhere supplies and animates the arteries of
this raighty monarchy ; and what is the controlling,
absolute, disastrous influence which alone—except
only the decree of Providence—can endanger the ex-
istence, as it already paralyses the operations of that
wealth, if it be not the power exercised under the
charter of the Bank ? Former Governments have
done rashly, no doubt, in putting into the hands of
two dozen of private gentlemen, presiding over the
affairs of a private Corporation, this tremendous
authority, morally or politically speaking, of life and
death over the whole national community. These
Governments might plead in their excuse, however,
the pressure of frightful political exigencies, the dis-
organisation of the public revenue, the imminency of
perils from without, only to be grappled
with by the concentration of energies within,
the State. They might allege that money being the
grand lever of all action in modern times, they had
made large present sacrifices, and consented to still
more important concessions for the future, to those
who could soonest supply them with the funds in ex-
cess of those raised by public taxation, necessary fur
the current services of the empire, and the wars and
the expenses in which it was involved. In. all this
there might be some show of palliation for the un-
statesmanlike improvidence of confiding to private
hands the entire control and management of our mone-
tary system. But even pending the last and most
costly of those wars, the gigantic proportions of our
commerce have vastly expanded themselves. Capital
has; multiplied itself under every discouragement of
taxation. The resources of our manufacturing ca-
pacity, the productive powers of our industrial la-
bour, and the still unrivalled perfection of our ma-
chinery have enlarged the amount and variety
of our commodities to an extent which
the most sanguine of speculative minds could
scarcely have anticipated. The estimated rental of
England and Wales, alone, rated this year to the poor-
rate, is 62,000,0001. per annum.- The annual taxation
of the United Kingdom is not 12,000,000/. less ; and
there is a surplus of public income of more than
4,000,000/. for' the current year. Yet, with these
marvellous elements of public prosperity, how hap-
pens it that the -market of labour is so -frightfully
'overstocked, the. poor-houses so fearfully crowded ?
—that of the industrial community, even that portion
' whiclasyin work is starving; and that ,the manufac-
-tarers are unable to pay them higher wages'?- that
a surplus income of 4,000,0001. is out-balanced by i
an aggregate of poor-rate for England and Wales of
upwards of 6,000,000/..?—that pauperism, and the
crimes generated by abject poverty are on the in-
crease ?—that our manufactures and our machinery
find new competitors starting up in Europe and in
America ?—that declining markets are coupled with
increased production ; and accumulated stocks,
so far from being put into distribution among the
classes whose labour has been most taxed and worse
paid to produce them, re-act on prices, and by lower-
ing them still further, run down diminished wages ?
—that this state of things, attributable neither to the
avarice of masters nor to the indolence of workmen,
co-exists with the monstrous and oppressive scandal
of more than 30,000,000/. of taxes being actually paid
by the producer or half-famished artizan and labourer,
which ought to be, which were intended to be, but
which, under our existing monetary system, cannot
he paid by the consumer ? We answer, that all this
happens because the Bank of. England have a charter,
in virtue of which they control the whole currency
of the country, expand or diminish the circulation,
make money scarce or plentiful, derange the plans of
the merchant and trader, disorganise private incomes,
cheek the salutary enterprise of- trade, diffuse doubt
and suspicion among all classes, and in proportion as
they repress and distract all the operations of legiti-
mate business, encourage gambling adventure, enrich
unprincipled and merciless usury, and promote profli-
gate inictfeare-Sg-joblaing.,
Yet our quarrel is not with the Bank. They are
but the instruments of a legislative folly. The mon-
ster mischief, under whose commission their charter
has worked these, evils, is PERI:B Currency Bill of
1819.
By the puerile, yet terrible, anomaly of ima-
gining eo the
asur in eassigning,oldb—y
omunencte—ofstandd g standard Istiantiuntge, aan
fixed unit
valueof measurement—in
t
, the total quantity of gold b a ove ground or below
hoarded or in circulation, coined or in bullion, being '
just as fluctuating as it must be ever • uncertana—the
~Legislature armed the Bank with two swords. -The
convertibility of its notes into gold ' on.demand was
that' which any body of men, or individuals, might
fuse to cut down the Bank into bankruptcy, whenever
more of its notes would be brought to its counters
l than there should be bullion in its cellars to pay
them withal. The power to issue more or
'less of those notes to any extent it might fancy,according to the cheapness or dearness of gold in the
A could
market, was the sword with which the Bank

cut down any body of men, or individuals, whose
operations in trade had been based on the fallacy of
supposing that the circulation at one time remained
the same as at another, and that facilities, or exchange-
able value, of their securities, bills and money, was,
therefore, the same at like periods. The sad records of the
working of PEEL'S Bill, and the co-incident influ •
ences of the Bank Charter, are to be read in the Ga-
zettes of 1825, 1826, 1833, 1834, and 1838. Ancient
bankers, merchant princes, and a host of honourable
merchants and traders of minor celebrity, were lite-
rally swept out of the circle of British commerce by
the panics of those years. There is, $s the City cor-
respondents of all our Morning Contemporaries, con-
firm the opinion of our own in stating every pos-
sible indication of the approach of such another
hideous crisis in 1844, if it be not arrested in time.

Let every Member of the House of Commons be
at his post this evening, animated by a determination,
if possible, to avert that crisis, so far as its ameliora-
tion would be the result of continuing to the Bank
its charter on its present terms.
Whether this be intended by Government, or not,
or in what modified shape it may be proposed to
renew it, all Englishmen beyond the doors of the
Cabinet have as yet no means of judging. Again
we ask, why all this silence ? Is Sir ROBERT PEEL
afraid to give the mercantile and moneyed Members
an opportunity of considering his propositions, what-
ever they may be, before their discussion? Is it too
much to concede to the commerce and capital of the
country such a means of maturely deliberating upon—
before their representatives in Parliament commit
themselves to a single step in advancing—the scheme
on which the Ministers may be disposed to grant re-
newed privileges ? Have the public at large no reason,
from the dreadful experience of the past, to anticipate
similar results for the future, if similar causes are
to remain in operation. If they are not so to remain,
what has prevented the Right Hon. Baronet from
announcing that fact long since, and quieting the
alarms and, fears entertained by those who deprecate
his irretrievable, and, we must say, presumptuous
tampering with the currency in 1829 ? If they are
to remain—what shall we not have to fear from the
counsels of a Minister who can have been all this
time brooding over a perverse and audacious deter-
mination to re-enact those bad powers which all sen-
sible and experienced observers concur in indignantly
denouncing? If Sir ROBERT be unjustly suspected
as to the character of his intentions, he has only him-
self to thank for the misconception. If those inten-
tions be such as they are thus suspected to be, our
entreaty to Hon. Members is at one fortified and
justified. Leave nothing, we will add, to the Right
Hon. Gentleman's further consideration in this last
event ;—but principiis obsta! Reject his resolutions.

On the motion on Friday night that the House of
Commons should go into Committee on the Factory
Bill, Mr. ROEBUCK proposed—" That it is the opinion
of this House that no interference with the power of
adult labourers in factories to make contracts respect-
ing the hours for which they shall be employed, be
sanctioned by this House." The Hon. and Learned
Member's speech, in support of this proposition, was
just such as might have been expected from him—.
that is to say, it was specious, shallow, partial, and
by no means remarkable for any particular suavity of
temper. He seemed to take for granted that all
who advocated the Ten Hours' measure, exhibited
nothing but " ignorance" and " blustering weak-
ness"—his own affectionate and respectful words ;
that their " class of mind was among the lowest and
most vulgar of humanity ;" and that it was unge-
nerous, to say the least of it, "to throw on any class
in this country the odium arising from that which
was the mere necessity-of our nature." With what
amazing coolness and nonchalance the Member for
Bath talks of factory labour, just as though
it were one of the inevitable curses en-
tailed on humanity by the transgressions
of our first parents ! Does he really mean to say
that it is " the mere necessity of our nature," that
thousands of weak, defenceless women and children
should be daily tasked beyond their strength, with
no hope of escape from such exhausting toil but in
the grave ; and, consequently, that those who, from
the most disinterested motives, would endeavour to
ameliorate their condition, are no better than vision-
aries, acting in defiance of all the laws that regulate
our social being ? We cannot believe that Mr. ROE-
BUCK is serious in this admission, for though his
ideas of statesmanship are certainly not of a lofty
or comprehensive order, he is not quite an Ignoramus,
but has some glimmering, however faint, of the truth
of things. Excessive factory labour—so far at least
as women and children are concerned—is no
more a " necessity of our nature" than were West In-
dian Slavery—Catholic Restriction Acts—or any other
gross injustice for which Parliament has found a
remedy. The Hon. and Learned Gentleman went
on to observe that " women were much better
able than men to cope with factory labour.
And he could understand why. It was under
cover—it was warm, and so far it was com-
fortable to the nature of women, and all that was
required was continuous attention. Now it was a
peculiar characteristic of females that they could give
this continuous attention without injury to their
health. Every medical man agreed that women bore
factory labour best ; that it was suited to their
habits and psychological condition, and that it was in
reality anything but hard labour to them." Good
GOD, was ever so much arrant nonsense and resolute
perversion of fact contained in so small a compass, as is
the case in the above passage ! The factory, forsooth,
is " warm," and therefore " comfortable to the nature
of woman !" Warm, indeed ; for the. temperature is
quite tropical, and the close, mephitic, pent-up
air destructive to the strongest constitution. But
this, it seems, is " comfortable," and specially
suited to the " nature of woman," who, unlike
the ruder sex, can dispense with the free, pure,
refreshing airs of Heaven ! The atmosphere that
tends to poison the springs of life in man,
does woman all the good in the world. Her "psy-
chological condition," by the wise ordination of Pro-
vidence, is just suited to the factory system of labour ;
and it would be the height of folly and in-
justice to take her from duties which agree so
well with her health, and which are so exceedingly
" comfortable to her nature." Again, " all that is
required from her is continuous attention." That is
all—nothing more ! She is only required to slave un-
remittingly from morning till night, from year's end
to year's end. It is only insisted that she shall ne-
glect all her own household duties—forget that she is
a wife and mother—and attend to nothing but the
interests of her employer ! This is the very utmost
she is expected to do, and Mr. Roersucx thinks it
the justest and properest thing in the world that
she should continue to do it without a
murmur. And is it in this spirit that an English
senator alludes in an English House of Commons to
the protracted labours—tortures, we should rather call
them—that women undergo in the pestilential Hell of
a factory ? Is it thus coldly and sneeringly that he ex-
patiates on their lot, justifying it as a "mere necessity
of nature," and peculiarly adapted to their " psycho-
, logical condition ?" In the whole course of our
political experience we know not that we ever
read a speech which filled us with such unutterable
disgust as that of the Hon. and Learned Member' for
Bath—a speech which is as ungenerous and unmanly
in sentiment, as it is absurd in argument, and reckless
in its perversion of facts. Did Mr. ROEBUCK never
happen to read the medical Reports
_on the effects of
factory labour on the female constitution, that were
presented to the House of Commons a few years
since; and which proved, beyond the possibility of
contradiction, that the system was utterly de-
structive of the health of woman ; that in
the season of youth it brought on the infirmities of
age ; laid the seeds of incurable disorders ; poisoned
the springs of life at the fountain-head; and finally
sent the poor, helpless, patient victim to her grave, worn
d-own alike in body and mind, ere yet the meridian of
her existence was passed ?' Mr. ROEBUCK could surely
never have read these impressive documents, or he would
never have presumed to talk such flippant, heartless
trash, as that excessive factory labour is suited to the
" psychological condition" of women, and is nothing
more than "the mere necessity of nature." The
Member for Bath concluded, like a JEREMIAU or a
CASSANDRA, by prophesying all sorts of horrors
if Parliament resolved on interfering with the
factory system. We should lose, forsooth, the
markets of Germany—of America—in a word, of the
whole world And all these afflictions are to befal
us, if we presume to listen to the voice of humanity--
I rhich is nine cases out of ten is the voice of common

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