The Sun.
London, England, 1821-12-25 00:00:00

rience has been lost upon tlie Spaniards.— fgreil execution on rriday,- *and two were to ex.'
The same, we fear, is to be said
.of the Portu- plate their crimes.b) death on the following day.
geese, whose Se7riators' have taken as -a 'model ofi ft is probable .that the worst case's have been
wisdom one of the most. stupid and senseless j selected for the earliest trials, ind that of the
writers, without' exception, that England has large number which are to follow, according to
ever produced. The French National Assembly their precedency. in guilt, very few of them will
complinlented the notorious Tom Paine ; but require the dreadful necessity of capital puni•Al-
Paine, though grossly ignorant, and impudently me
regardless of truth, had at least some energy of
manner and liveliness of style ; Jeremy Bentham's
writings, on the contrary, are as dull as they are
adverse to'cOmmon sense. It is lamentable, in
an age called enlightened, to see men, who di-
rect the destinies of Nations, so utterly destitute
of political science, and so incapable of guiding
themselves by the accumulated wisdom of ages.

.nt.

[MORNING lIE-RAT,D.]
The afflicting, but unavoidable experiment of
exerting the utmost severity of the law, has com-
menced in Ireland. At first serious apprehen-
sions were entertained that the terror which ge-
nerally prevailed would bar the course of jus-
tice by its operation on the Juries and wit-
nesses. This does not, however, appear to
be the fact. The Judges invested with the Spe-
cial Commission insisted upon the performance
of their duties by the persons called to serve
on the Jury ; and the witnesses, as far as the
trials have proceeded, seem to have gWen their
evidence with firmness and temper. There are
several prisoners.' on trial for murder. Of these,
two have been condemned, and were executed
on Wednesday—the assassins of a Mrs. Torrance,
whose case some months since, appeared in the
London papers. Of the culprits one behaved
with the intrepidity of savage desperation during
his trial—but appeared repentant, and regretted
his conduct in Court when at the place- of exe-
cution. Both confessed their guilt, and exhorted
the surrounding multitude strongly against perse-
vering in the career of outrage and crime which
had proved fatal to them. The other cases of mur-
der are of a less atrocious character, having oc-
curred, for the most part, in nocturnal rencontres
between the night marauders and the police. Some
few have been acquitted, and their acquittal is,
under the circumstances, highly creditable to the
Judges and Juries. Though in the centre of out-
rage, intimidation, and violent excitement of the
passions, the benefit of every doubt in the evi-
dence for the prosecution is given to the prisoners
with the most scrupulous retard to justice and
humanity. There is, however, as yet, no visible
abatement of crime and disorder. The guilty
association among the peasantry remains unbroken.
The terror of their unlawful oaths, and of the
vengeance of their associates, has hitherto de-
prived justice of any aid from the evidence of ac-
complices. It is also stated, that the secret direc-
tors of these outrages, have by public notices de-
nounced manifold vengeance for every criminal
who should be executed. But when the bond
which binds them together shall be once broken
by the terror and certainty of capital punish-
ment, there is every reason to hope that these
outrages will be quickly checked, and almost
removed. Desperate combinations of this kind,
depending only upon the impulse of the worst
and wildest passions,fall asunder even more quick-
ly than they are formed. We know not whether
any new measure will be the result of the ar-
rival of the new Lord Lieutenant. Perhaps the
execution of the law will have,already nearly
restored quiet by the time he will have arrives]
—at least by the time he will have been fixed in
his seat with the reins in, his hand. If this should
be happily the case, the Noble Marquis will find
matter for his talent in government, and his hu-
manity, in the very place which is now the theatre
of crime and punishment. The whole south of
Ireland, but particularly the county of Limerick,
it in a state of extreme misery, and threatened,
we are informed, with a famine among the poor.

[THE TIMES.]
It may not be unnatural in the Austrian Ob-
server, as a regular instrument of the Holy Al-
liance, to exaggerate or even distort those unto-
ward occurrences which may be considered inci-
dental- to every country, which, like Spain, is
toiling on to the establishment of rational liberty
and equal law. lt is true, and it is a source of
regret to every honest mind, but not of astonish-
ment, and far less of despair, that more or less
of danger and'of suffering must be the price
which nations long enslaved have to pay for the
acquisition of their liberty, and it is a good well
worthy of the highest price. Spain, it is possible,
though we trust she v.ill be spared it, may have
to undergo the common destiny; and of her we
affirm, that if she resist bravely the bondage
hich her old task-masters seem meditating
again to impose upon her, she need not grudge,
nor need her'officious neighbours deprecate, the
life or treasure which victory in such a cause
may demand. It is very well, we have said, for
the official organs of the Holy Alliance to make
topics of reproach out of news of daily fabrica-
tion ; but it is not so pardonable in French
papers to adopt and circulate such misrepresenta-
tions. In the journals of a free country, or of
one pretending to be free, it is treason to the
cause of liberty to take part on all occasions
with the declared advocates of civil and religi-
ous despotism, in whatever question concerns the
affairs of the Spaniards. The French papers
have indulged themselves in assertions of a
widely extended plot in Spain, to efface every
vestige of kingly government, and to declare
the country a'republic. Now we do not believe
that any such design, equally absurd and crimi-
nal, is entertained by any considerable body of
the population of Spain ; but we have all along
anticipated a series of plots against the Spanish
Constitution, by those whose tyranny that Con-
stitution overturned ; nor can it be denied that in
more than one inptance the vehemence exhibited
against the Court has been provoked by schemes
most unfriendly to the dearest, interests of the
Constitution and of the Spanish people.

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]

The intelligence from Ireland- is every thing j
but consolatory. Murders are committed under
" the very eye " of the Judges of the land. The
laws are openly disregarded,. and the authorities
of the country treated with contempt. Sir Wm
Temple complains, that in his time Ireland was
almost uninhabited ; and as he had witnessed the
great prosperity of the thickly peopled country
of Holland, he thought we had nothing more to
do to make Ireland also prosperous than to in-
crease its population. " The number of people
in proportion to the compass of ground they in-
habit," he says, " makes all things necessary to
life dear, and that forces men to industry and
parsimony. The want of trade in Ireland proceeds
from the want of people; and this is not grown
froM any in qualities of the climate or. air, but
chiefly from the frequent revolutions of so many
wars and rebellions, so great slaughters and cala-
mities of mankind, as have at several intervals of
time succeeded the first conquest of this king-
dom, in Henry the Second's time, until the year
1 6 53. The country has by the last war and
plague been left in a manner desolate." It is
now, however, no longer desolate ; and if Sir
William's cause of prosperity were worth any
thing, it would be one of the most prosperous
countries in the world.—Sir William Petty, who
had excellent means of knowing, says, that
In 1652 the number of people was . • . 850,000
According to Air. Song:, the computation in 1693 gave 1,034,100
By a p.ill-tax return in 1731, it was . . 2,010,221
In 1788,- calculating from the number of houses, it was 3,728,904
In 1791, - • • . 4,206,618
The increase since 1791 is, therefore, upwards of
three. millions. When we consider that Ireland
has sent nearly as many Emigrants to the United
States as all the rest, of Europe taken together,
and that a large stream of immigration is besides
constantly flowing into both parts of this island
from it, we need not go further for a proof of all
1, that Mr. Malthus
.has asserted with respect to
the rate at which population may increase.

[BRITISH PRESS.]

The proceedings of the second and third day
under the High Commission now sitting in the
city of Limerick, Nv i 1 1 be found in another part
Of our Paper. They are at least in one respect
sati,,factory, as they prove how utterly unfound-
ed were the apprehensions previously entertained,
that Jurymen could not be found in the county
of Limerick to discharge fearlessly the duty
which they owed to themselves and their
country. The event shows that there has
been no deficiency of moral courage among
the freeholders of that great county, and also
that however extensively the system of intimida-
I don had been carried previous to the arrival of
the Judges, witnesses have not been wanted to
'bear testimony against every individual who has
been charged with offences against the public.
The Grand Jury in the first instance found to
be true every bill of indictment that had
been submitted to them, and of the accus(
no less than seven have been already con.
victed. The two ruffians who were found guilty
of the murder of the amiable and fearless Mrs.
Torrance were executed, in pursuance of their
sentence, on Wednesday last. They were
both permitted to address the multitude assem-
bled to witness the awful spectacle, and both
confessed their guilt, and exhorted the people to
return to their peaceful habits. Two more suf-

[FROM THE JOHN BULL OF SUNDAY LAST.I
It is most gratifying to find that the Administration is again
strengthened by the GRENVILLES. One hails their return to
office with a feeling similar to that experienced by a fainily,
when any of its Members, separated and disunited frorn it by
some temporary difference, are happily restored to its bosom.
We really believe that nothing kept together the present
Wring party but the weight and respectability of the GREN-
VILLES.- Their support was powerful in a double proportion,
as it not only was abstracted from Government, but thrown into
the opposite scale. Their return to office is matter for congra-
tulation but not for surprise ;--the latter is rather excited by
the length of their association with the Whigs. They have
however, at length, found them out, and the OLD PITT
PARTY (from which the GRENV±I.LEs alienated themselves
only on some particular points of policy) are again united.
This is as it should be ;—experience has shewn the efficiency
and good policy of the present Administration. The GREN-
VILLE party are. ready to admit this also, and feeling confi-
dence in men who have, under an invariably-successful Mo-
narch, raised EN GLAND to the highest pitch of glory, flock to
the standard of the Constitution, and rally round it, to the dis-
comfiture of Whigs and Whig-Radicals, who would destroy
every principle of good government, social order, and public
tranquillity, for the sake of power and place.
We have cursorily alluded to the unvarying, success of His
'present MAJESTY'S Government from tile moment of his as-
sumption of the Regency, to the conclusion of that splendid
war which gave peace to the world ; there is a document, the
simplest, and. the easiest attainable, which most powerfully and
unaffectedly declares those successes, and which, from being
totally divested of remark, and replete with truth, i?i most
striking ;—the document we mean, is a little Chronology pre-
fixed to the common Alinanacks ! which we will, without' one
comment, extract ; taking only the two lines previous to the
assumption of the Regency by His Majesty; and it really is
worthy of more notice .than most of the purchasers of Alma-
'lacks, we dare say, give it.
1807. French defeated Russians and PrusSians at Tilsit.
Portuguese Court emigrated to Biazil.
1808. Throne of Spain abdicated.
Royal Family. of Spain inveigled into France.
JOSEPH BuoNAFAitTE entered Spain as King.
1811. The Prince of WALES appointed REGENT.
French defeated, at Talavera, Allniera, Barrossa.
1812. French defeated at Salamanca.
French invade RuSsia,e-Battle of Borodino.—Enter
Moscow.—Defeated at Bautzen and Lutzen.
1813. French defeated by Lord NVELLINGTON at Vittoria,
Saragossa, St. Sebastian, 43yrenees, Parnpeluna !
French defeated at Leipsic.—Surrender Dresden.
Prinee of Orange restored to his Sovereignty. •
1314. Allies Victorious at Montmatre.---Paris Capitulated.
BUONAPARTE sent to Elba !
Louis XVIII. restored to his Throne.
Treaty of Peace signed. at Paris.
Russian and Prussian Sovereigns visited'England.
Peace with America.
1815. BUONAPARTE escaped from Elba into France.
FEnDINAND of Naples and the Pope restored.
FRENCH defeated at Waterloo.—BuoNAPAATE exiled.
Louis seated on his Throne— •
GENERAL PEACE.
Farther it is needless to go, for with the war ends of course
the career of successes we allude to; but, upon this common
unadorned detail, we would ask those who affect to love their
country, and yet be discontented,—what page in any history--
containing only the events of four years, bears record of so
many—so great—and such unvarying—and unshendowed suc-
cesses and triumphs, as that which hands down to posterity the
Acts of the reign of KING GEORGE THE FOURTH?
ed mimsumxc•mcw=r----,..

A desperate affray took place at Guildford on
Saturday -evening between some soldiers belong-
ing to a party, on their route to Chatham (for the
East Indies), and a few of the townsmen. Bro-
ken heads were freely bestowed on each side,
and the soldiers ware getting worsted, when the
timely interference of the town 11Tagistrates pre-
vented more serioo mischief.