The Sun.
London, England, 1844-07-01 00:00:00

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LoNDON, MONDAY, JULY 1, 1844.

The friends of peace will rejoice to learn that the
influence of that meddling and unprincipled func-
tionary, Mr. TYLER, who became President of the
United States by accident, is entirely annihilated.
In order to pate the way for his election to the
chair, and partly, also, from hatred and jealousy of
England, he proposed to the Senate a scheme for an-
nexing Texas to the already enormous territory of the
Republic. That body, after mature deliberation,
-rejected the measure by a majority of 35 to 16.
islothingahashed by this marked defeat be draws up
a long palaver, in order to try what he can
do with the representives of the people. Being
aware that all the northern States looked upon the
scheme with great distrust and even alarm, on ac-
count of the additional power which it would give to
the southern and slave-holding States, he meets them
half- way, and proposes, through one of his agents in
the Senate, to take Texas into the union on two con-
-o:l4ions —to divide that vast district into two portions
'to called South- Western and North-Western
Texas, and to prohibit the existence of slavery for
ever in the latter. Doubting the effect of this tricky
device, he tries to alarm the commercial portion of the
representatives by the following vague statement:-
4' Nothing has occurred to weaken, but on the contrary,
to confirm my confidence in the statements of Ge-
neral JAcx.sox, and my own statement made in a
message to Congress, in the belief, amounting almost
20 a certainty, that instructions have already been
given by the Texan .Government to propose to the
Government of Great Britain, forthwith, on the
failure of the treaty, to enter into a treaty of com-

merce and alliance, offensive and defensive." He
r urges also that as England consolidated the Heptarchy,
and annexed Scotland and Ireland, she can have no
right to object to the modest proposal which, to use
his own words, would duplicate the exports of the
country—thereby making an addition to the carrying
trade to an amount almost incalculable, and giving a
new impulse of immense importance to the commer-
cial, manufacturing, agricultural, and shipping inte-
rests of the union ; thus including all trades, and en-
deavouring to work upon the fears and jealousies and
interests of the whole community. All, however,
was in vain; the House would not "hearken to
the voice of the charmer, charming never so cun-
ningly." They would not even entertain the ques-
tion, and the motion that the message do lie upon the
table was rejected by a majority of 118 to 86. Nay,
what is more, a motion simply for printing 1,500
copies of this precious document was negatived by a
majority of 29. This seals the fate of Mr. JOHN
TYLER, and announces the gratifying fact, that the
great body of the representatives of the people will
not back a desperate adventurer, who, for his own
selfish purposes, broaches a scheme that might anni-
hilate, in place of increasing, their commerce, and de-
stroy the peace of the world.

There is but one opinion respecting the conduct of
the Home Secretary in ordering the private letters of
M. Mazzna to be opened at the General Post-office.
All people"—as the Times of this morning justly
remarks—" agree in vituperating him. Never was
Minister more pitilessly assailed. His unpopularity,
sufficiently great before, has received an unenviable
increase of odium and notoriety; and the dislike
with which he was regarded by some parties in the
House of Commons has extended itself to all parties
out of the House." We rejoice at this. It is a
" great fact," and proves that the tone of pub-
lic morality is by no means at so low an ebb
as might be anticipated, considering that the direct
tendency of our Conservative Government, for
the last four years, has been to vitiate, if
not wholly destroy it, by their expediency system of
legislation. But not only has Sir JAMES GRAHAM'S
conduct excited the indignation of every honest, high-
minded Englishman, but it has roused a strong feel-
ing of abhorrence also in France, as is manifest from
a late discussion that took place on the subject, in the
Chamber of Deputies. " That England," said M.
DE MALLEVILLE, " who, according to her own
account, marches with SD much pride at the head of
free nations, should still be obliged to suffer such dis-
honourable outrages as regards herself, proves that,
in point of practical liberty, there is a good
deal yet to be learned on the other side the
Straits. The Ministers will probably be obliged
to me for giving them this opportunity of
declaring, in the most public manner, that,
with us at least, the privacy of letters is respected by
law and in fact ; for it is to the honour of the Go-
vernment of July to have shut the Cabinet Noir, and
I sincerely hope it will never be re-established." In
reply to these remarks, the Premier, M. GulzoT, ob-

served with emphasis :—" The Hon. Member who

has just spoken is quite in the right. In law and in
fact, the privacy of letters is completely respected in
Franca, both as regards natives and foreigners." Can
our Premier say as much ? Certainly not ; the
Home Secretary has effectually cut the ground
from under his feet, and, only as a pleasant fiction,

can he now talk of the privacy of letters
being respected in England. Of course the French
will be filled with exultation at the idea of
the superior morality and honesty of their Govern-
ment to that of ours; they will be constantly taunt-
ing us with the flagrant misconduct of Sir JAMES
GRAHAM ; and they will point to the defence set up
for him by the Cabinet, as a proof that his official

colleagues deem his violation of M. MazziNes private
correspondence an act justified by law, and in perfect
accordance with the dictates of common honesty,

The French have never yet forgiven us—and they
probably never will entirely--for our decisive victory
over them at Waterloo ; but if anything can tend to
soften the bitterness of their feelings on this
subject, it will be the flattering conviction
that they will henceforth entertain of the loftier
moral tone held by their, Government to that which
prevails in ours. They will tell us that our Home
Secretary is no better than a spy, and that his col-
leagues may be regarded as his accomplices, otherwise
they would not defend him so readily as they have
done. And to these stinging taunts what ans wer can
we make ? None at all. The humiliating fact can-
not be denied, that the PEEL Ministry has dishonoured
itself in the eyes of Europe, and that England is

to some extent a sharer in its disgrace, by
sanctioning its continuance in office. But, thank
GOD, public feeling is at length actively
roused on the subject, and is expressing itself
in a tone that daily becomes more menacing and
significant ! The cry now everywhere is " Down
with Sir JAMES GRAHAM !" So say we. "Down
with Sir JAMES GRAHAM !" and the sooner he is
ejected from Downing-street, the better. His con-
tinuance in the Cabinet is a direct insult to the moral
feelings of the people. It is a proof that the exploded
espionage system will be revived, at the first feasible
opportunity, in all its enormity ; and that neither
public nor private rights will be respected when-
ever they may chance to interfere with the
Home Secretary's latitudinarian notions of what
is expedient. Most earnestly—most emphatically—
with a strong conviction of the imperative necessity
of the case—we conjure our countrymen of all
parties, and shades of parties, to mark without delay
- _

their unmitigated disgust and abhorrence of the con-
duct of Sir JAMES GRAHAM. Already that disgust
and that abhorrence have been manifested in no un-
equivocal form ; but this is not enough, public
meetings should be held in all quarters, having for
their avowed and direct object the immediate removal
of the Home Secretary from office.

Some of the Madrid journals of the 22d ult. express
great alarm respecting the measures which are about
to be adopted by the Ministers, now assembling at
Barcelona. One of them state that two of these mea-
sures will be the marriage of the QUEBN to the son of
Don CeaLos, and a decree for reviving the Estatuto
Real, both very probable. The Clamor Publico
strongly protests against such a daring violation of
the Constitution in these words :
"PerAdy gave birth to these times of calamity, despotism
has supported, and anarchy crowns it. The course which
the Liberal party are to pursue, if the fatal things they fore-
see be realised, is evident. They must defend the integrity
of the Constitution they have conquered at the cost of their
blood; they must resist the tyrants and usurpers who would
strip the nation of its rights and sovereignty. The struggle
will be a duty and a necessity to the partisans of liberal in-
stitutions, for they will have to combat de: potic power, a
scandalous usurpation, and an intolerable tyranny, a dicta-
torship resting on force, and which would establish its odious
domination on the wrecks of the constitutional edifice, and of
the freedom of the Spanish people."

The Verdad, of Barcelona, states that EL GROC,
the last of the Carlist rebels of Maestrasga, has been
taken and shot. All his companions, to the amount
of nearly 150, had been previously taken and put
to death.

The Three per Cents. were donefor cash, at 2613-16 ;
60 days, 27+; and the Five per Cents., for cash, 20;
at 60 days, 201.

We find no fresh intelligence, relative to the Mo-
rocco war in the Paris papers. Some of them, how-
ever, have bitter articles_ on the late occurrences, di-
rected both against the King of the FRENCH and the
English Government. The Carlist journal, the Quo-
tidienne, particularly distinguishes itself on the occa-
sion, and would lead the country to infer that France
can never be really independent of England while the
ORLEANS dynasty exists. We give the following as a
specimen :—" England, by the organ of Sir R. PEEL,
has been graciously pleased to permit our projects on
Morocco ; our rulers have communicated to her their
views; the demands of the Empzaoß, and how they
intend replying to them. They have communicated
to the British Ministry the instructions given to the
Prince de JOINVILLE, and these instructions are fully
satisfactory. Thus, we now learn, through the de-
bates in the English Parliament, why we have col-
lected a fleet and confided an expedition to the
Prince de Jonsvnr,nm ! England saw in it no incon-
venience; the innocuous character of the instruc-
tions of our admiral has procured him at once a satis-
fecit and an exeat. Poor France ! But seriously, if
on any point of the globe a government adjoining
any of the British possessions should think fit to in.
vade them with an armed force, and attack the Eng-
lish troops, and if this attack bore a grave character,
and came from a government so powerful, that the
Cabinet of London should deem it proper to confide
the command of an expedition to a Prince of the

Royal family, is it to be supposed that this Cabinet,
lbefore the departure of the expedition, would think
itself obliged to submit to the approbation of the
French Government its views, and the instructions
given to its general? Certainly the idea would never
occur to it, or if by impossibility we suppose that it
might, is it to be believed that the publicity given to
that :lot of weakness would not be sufficient to excite
the indignation of a proud and independent nation ?
Well then, France owes to England only what Eng-
land would believe it would owe in a similar case :
any other rule of conduct is unworthy of us, for it
cannot be atributed to an act of good intelligence--
but to a feeling of weakness—to a sentiment of in,,
feriority."
The Journal des Debats takes a very different view
of the question, and announces that great prepara-
tions are in progress to punish the perfidious Moors,
and avenge the honour of France. " Reinforcements,"
it adds, "continue to be sent from Algiers to Oran.
A battalion of the 44th arrived at Oran on the 19th;
another battalion of the same regiment was about to
be sent to Tenez to reinforce the camp at Orleans-
vine. The banks and islet of Ghazouna, at the mouth
of the River Nedroma, on the extreme frontier of
Morocco, will, it is said, be occupied by our troops.
The odious perfidy of the Morocco troops, and the
battle of the 15th, render the difficulty of arrange-
ment almost inextricable. We are still persuaded
that all this is done in opposition to the will of the
EMPEROR ; but when his own guard takes the lead in
aggression, instead of controlling the undisciplined
tribes, of what service can be the protestations and
engagements of a SOVEREIGN who is no longer mas-
ter of his own people, and whose troops follow the
impulsion of the ambitious ABD-EL.KADER." Pri-
vate letters also state that General BUGEAUD had in-
timated his intention to the Government of invading
Morocco as soon as he had assembled a sufficient body
of troops, and that possibly his next dispatches would
be dated from Fez.

On Friday the discussion on the Northern Railroad
Bill was brought to a close, when the Chamber
adopted the Government plan by a majority of 227
to 42. The branch line from Amiens to Boulogne
was also adopted. It is to run through Abbeville and
Etaples, and will be leased to a company for ninety-
nine years. On the same day, M. DE MALLEVILLE
alluded to the discussion which had lately taken place
in the House of Commons, on Mr. T. DuNcomnE's
motion relative to opening letters at the Post-office,
and complained that the statement of Mr. DUN-
COMBE, implying that the secrecy of letters was not
respected in France, had been published in the
Moniteur, without any protest, denial, or remark, for
it was a well-known fact that no such practice now
existed at the French Post-office. M. GUIZOT, from
his place, said " The Hon. Deputy was perfectly cor-
rect in stating that both in right and in fact the
secrecy of letters was completely respected in France,
but we have not judged it proper, nor shall we ever
think it necessary, to make a complaint against er-
roneous statements made on this subject either in
France or other countries." 'We have adverted to this
subject in a separate article.

The accounts from Morocco caused a sudden de-
pression of the French Funds. On Friday the Three
per Cents. fell to 81f. 85c., and on Saturday they
closed at 821., and the Fives at 122 f. 20c.
THE BOURSE—SATURDAY, JUNE 29.