The Sun.
London, England, 1845-02-25 00:00:00

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net sanctien the clangeroes doctrine that free men could
Penot produce as well and as much as slaves.—( Hear, hear.)
thanked the Hou•e for the patience with which they had
herd him, and concluded by moving the following amend-
bent'—" That no arrangement of the sugar duties will be
satisfactory and permanent which does not involve an equalisa-
tion cif duty on foreign and colonial sugar ll
ti:Air. EIWART complimented the Hon. Gentleman on the
eettl he had made, and thought the subject could not have
emrusted to abler hands. Free-trade principles were
toery (lay prog,res,ing, and the fact ought to he remembered
that, whilst cur foreign trade was iner••asine, the colonial trade
a
*, stwiennry. The United States carried
on twice as greet a
trade with Cuba as this country, in consequence of these re-
strictions. The trade with South America and China ought
t° lir now immense ; but the large duty en tea crippled our
commerce with China, whilst those wretched distinctions he-
tWeen slave and fre•••• grown sugar, plinost annihilated one great
eParttnent of trade with Simla America. The great eman-
"Pator of slavery was commerce ; and the merchants of Liver-
Pool had done more to abolish saver}' the coast of southern
;;Apfrica, by their trading. than the cruisers and war vessels who
;:e emPlosed there. Nothing could more effectually call out
7rirs' energies and develop the resowces of the West ladies than
—l'etitl"n• Since the first sound of rivalry was heard, their
resources had undergone greater development and improve-
]entth •
. an for years previously. A more intricate and corn-
eated aeheme than that proposed by the Bight Hon. Baronet
1 ~c,a,alli not well be devised, ard the Government would find it
evesary to lee:slate in a bold and comprehensive manner on
!f 5 ebiecr. The present scheme could not have proceeded
t ern the master-mind of the Right Hon. Baronet, he rather
tot th°iought it was the proposal of the Right Hon. the Chancellor
he Exchequer. If this duty could not be sacrificed, which
beliered it ceuld without a loss to the revenue, he would
prefer •
an increase of the property-tax to its continuance. The
tPre,s.eit arrangement would not suppress- the. slave-trade—would
;7:''' al;•anee the interests of the West Indian colonists—did not
:tie the question, but left it in the same :tate of perpetual
"frit"inn• Discriminating duty was a had hrinciple, and its
effect told injuriousiy in every. possible manner. An ad
Lie 4 illty bad proved hlealy iiijurious to commerce: Its-
need by these reasons, he could have no hesitation in
.'"'indinZ the motion of the Hon. Member for Manchester.
rrtaieranj'AMES—Aa a \treat Ind. ia proprietor he, last session,
behalf aPreal to the justice and sympathy of the House on
hss of the distressed interest he represented, and he was
....-nrP4 t. find flea that that appeal had not been made in vain.
414 t ea.r. )
`And
he now felt great pleasure in offering his
lather qe.ctful thanks to the Right Hon. Baronet at the head
ne„,' 'iesty'a Government, fur the relief that he felt it con-
'pirte,-e` with his public duty to offer to the West India pro-
to enable Hear.) Whether that relief would be sufficient
prstay,',e those proprietors to
sayscultiate their estates to any
'Res:l4e account, he would not ; but it would at least
etiltis,. heavy losses to those men who kept their estates in
to b; 'op in the h ,pe of better times.—( Hear.) With regard
Woos! `Th• Friend the Member fur Manchester, he (Ns.r. James)
fe sty he gave him credit for the best intentions In. bring-
ehieerward this motion, and felt convinced. that his only
cheap was doing good to the public by trying to get them
Iloorf,nZar ; Cut it occurred to him ( NI-. James), that the
by "!ember had not been very particular as to the means
Nowwhieh he
proposed to effect phis object.—( A laugh.)
Pt begged H
ed to remind the on. Member, that if the
,to;P°h:i 'ohle on of ''the Government be carried, it would give sugar
It ,n nsumer at about 119, 3d. per cwt. less than they had
saist;w• But if the Government took away the present,
thatfttlg protection, he could assure the Hon. Member am
eatesTnise that the effect would be to increase to a greater.
had"' than e-,er all the tortures and horrors of the slase-
- e'
The Hon.' had •
aso, e Membersaid, he would not now enter
toohianY discussion of the slave-trade ; but he (Mr. James)
port: not see how that could be avoided ; it was a most. im-
he IV feature in the discussion ; and not to allude to it would
had I„enlearing out the part of Hamlet. The Hon. Member
te • rciaen of the relief of 0,300,000/. that the growers would
eeise,
it was , he (Mr. James) hoped they would ; but he feared
d
abet,. very unlikely. As to what the Hon. Member
.had said
that ',atnentee proprietors, he (Mr. James) agreed with him,
estid'est;ates were much better managed where the proprietors
Lis sop no them ; but he could scarcely be called
,one, as
ii lie-a" was constantly resident on his estate.--(Cries of
ssiet. r, hear.") But even so, if they were all resident pro-
-11 '4'B, still, without the relief proposed by the Right Hon
loas:°°et oPposite,rthey could not cultivate their estates without
!tow The Hon. Member had sooken of the cost of produce ;
in Ai: w'or'ld put a case. There were many manufacturers
ssisin nehester who paid thousands of pounds per week in
lileroteemPloyment to labourers ; but what would the Hon.
chact_slr think of allowing into competition with those nier;
....(tis other merchants who paid nothing at all for such labour.
atedtht, hear.) Those manufacturers of Manchester pro-
A, Ilielr goods by using the whip on their horses—
their 0 "• AIE3IIIER.—As the West India proprietors did on
AI naves.
Praetris jAMES—Yes, he admitted that such had been the
trade 'le', hut if this protectien ere withdrawn, th sl
tl:ere would become worse than ever; but Ite felt assured. that
'4ou; asoo much justice and fair dealing to be had in that
the e to let
him imagine for a moment that it would sanction
bed wi'reposition of the Hon. Member, which he
.had almost
i roost
be an iniquitous proceeding, but it certainly would
Priet°st, onjust one. It was true that the West India pro-
,lalle.a tad bad compensation for the emancipation of their
itee L hut they had had none for their lands ; and everybody
14017tit"at bind without labour would be of no more use to the
irtnehi„r, than would the mills of Manchester be, if the use of
.tllti srsr,Y was prohibited?—( Hear.) Really this was a ques-
,l'on
bergs that the injustice of the Hon. Member's
.propost-
i\ A a„, that he could hardly speak of it with patience.—
e'erisit''') The Hon. Member had spoken of the cost of
4 el,
ttthat et egn',°gar ; now e (Mr. James) begged to say that the
t— °I Crs-i.,'.4eing a hoeshead of sugar in Jamaica w,as double
;ePriet 'n'a and the Icrazils•• and, therefore, if the N't est India
toula he Were to be put in'competition with those,lthe result
e:t hi their utter ruin. Those were the reasons that c(n'n-
Ittj'pllasr?,,tsaY he should support the motion of the Right
e
of th • lite i •
. II ' RUO If he felt •
isposed to follow the example
Ztt4,,blisit a",;_.Alerob—er who had. just sat down lae, to ~seco,umli_l
chlt:'etl,3 wrevance, by complaining of the hardships
.n.l _
t.,
It 1" oti )41,1 labour under by the proposed remosat ot t e
I34ted tv "rt,ain articles of manufacture which it had been
Iss4'°net nuld
ateroos this session by the Right Honourable
iNittis4Pos Thisgrievance would be particularly felt by
;riieles—g France to competeg with his constituents in the
et, lee
e°,ll, clay, and iron-stone.—( Hear, hear.) But his
to
sijent, would ot complain of it ; they would rather re-
ll's''are,',°t °n the subject, and rely on their own industry and
altr4) 'ist° meet the effect of this competition.—(Hear,
be srs"nt, he world ask, why should this protection be
li still -°1 so extensive a branch of the home trade, and
„4rease„e gold
to those West India merchants ?—( Hear. )
(l
14411 t 4 old not see why they should be made an exception
%,beeris commercial arrangements.—(fH I ear ) There
eLtots wsno temporizing or delay
.in re edreeatnrc:enn'toth.eEarastwlnmdai-a
ilien it was proposed to abolish the u s . .
eel.'an;,,a—ear)--and, the'refore, he would say, that if even there
healer,'th etidrnent proposed to that House, which, more than
1, , Warranted the use of strong language, it was that which
(Zilet'll, Pr''Posed by the Hon. Member for Manchester to
He
tr, it.n of the Hon Baronet opposite.—( Hear, hear.) . e
thth'ledi.le sl,eaanrddo), had heard a great deal about differential duties ;
ere w•erell't Dy the Right Hon. Baronet's proposition that
tP'4 Ittg " fewer than nineteen different duties proposed
sifatet, oral ; but he (Mr. Ricardo) would defy the fion.thßae-
ahillterieesiZ other Member of that House, to state what d
theos
leade-els„ ere--where the brown-clay sugar began,an
then
Cos extra' i'ldeds—( Hear, hear.) Ihe
.Hon. Member
ne of which° from some letters he had received on this. subject,
I,lseijetotaellf the writer said it would be impossible for the
%a 43'4 ' officers here to distinguish between clayed and.
cap, Pr isr'egar ; and in the other it was stated that if
'lntiled°"sed measure of the British AI in ister were
1,49 very
bag of sugar, to the amount o
8e the b ''' each year, should be stopped and art
,asn's"eri es
PrePared to ap'ply a test to hear.
4;1'15 1.,-°T,inned by sa dii it had been said that great
bylithllees'e,-da`ttopte.en made byte' West India proprietors ; now,
la sapeo 1 fins that much greater sacrifices had been made
htui, co:, ,e of England, because the price of sugar in bond
141' th,t.e.:`rY was 345., while on the Cont,inent it was
tire„Pes e 'I showing that the people of England sacrificed
hea, sYs,:,..' On this article alone, by the present " protee-
the 'er aaer7 as it had been called.—( Hear, hear.) In fact,
be ,owes „sneethere made by the English consumers under
tless'ach i; !,11 nn the old.—( Hear, h. ear. ) It wou ,
)n to tier for the Right Hon. Baronet. instead of.comina,
lea
te,,ite,a4t,ll Ouse and ;asking them to continue the income-
:e, illd rio, ee his intention of reducing the duty on sugars.
ata,t;,sect , involve a greater loss than 4,000,000/., but the
Itit,,l stm,e,"'utni,tion the commodity would not only
1,1o,"r'll „s).' the deficient • but enable the Right Hon.
etior,"%tstt,- i'rTense altogett3e: with the income-tax.—( Hear.)
et,',,vt he -,stne Right Honourable Baronet were to adopt this
lit„enie„ would have considerable grumbling from Hon.
pen stills behind him, and perhaps angry speeches from
h ' t ire pulse: on both sides, but let him. depend. for support
slirastsesest }: , tab° alone could maintain him in the position
otittcelors Would el(l(Cheers.) He did hope the e West India
'al tii'4lll,,, ti ,rt. tbe neeet-ity of yielding in time. an
ll'ltt s, latsir le English manufacturers to their own resources,
liesee,3"il:ivr iriYtilt.he. absurd system of protection. Let them
ha Sir es of the- time of prosperity what, sooner or later, the
a • Gtoe, People would snatch tram their hands.
tecenlast set d' GE CI,ERK said the Hon. Gentleman who
ileit'ri affessnwn had inveisheda Rood deal against the pro-
ae I,,salrt ,ieu to our colonies. Now, he should like to know
,tiet.,!e tevnanreeePtion the Hon. Member would receive if
oi hnneh l'vl- lown to St , *Trent and propose to his
Illet" e.
the
aboli'tio°rkt-ufPt°l-nie. protective duties afforded
be te'llsestannufacturers Of of
country.—( Hear, hear.)
deist anti
°I the reductions in cotton and other dutiesmust
!fforslhe sas,_nn their own grounds, and taken separately; and
11,11,1;t1,.t„
enleret principle they ought to discuss the protection
bvllle Nar ~ln branchesade. They ought to look to
'ilnad r it s,, itoation of the West India colonists, and to see
teir„ to the 8.3 mit advisable that protection should be con-
raat 4 ,t 1 t .'t• it ce • 1,4314 t f. his gre.,.. rtainly was necessary to
tsatioseeir our
,__lllultsterest, because it not onlydefoornmti'rs'Alaelaprrgo-e
C the ,en lt, tretures, but a very considerable capital
' tints' Prot .1 • He would admit to the Hon. Gentleman
ti etin, s
,_
e, ti, seh. to atts • a ste
m might lie orried too tar. It would
tr.eat,stieh was not to bolster up manufacturers with protec-
tog
whahees
ofoor, naturally speaking, in keeping with the
teNt ell th the country. But it became a very different
tltorite:tioof the
eZestablishedduties to protect the domestic in-
Olhe cops 4 bey'shoeist It by no means followed either, that
d ,d, the given to every article in the same degree,
'ate Yerir s'ref•lre orerfectly understand that some interests
the etieo e little I
W previouse no advantage from an excessive
ilks• est le • to
ilae lent 'lit col. the passing of the Emancipation Ac, t
he ntly Nat. t cola were enabled to produce not only
th.Welteelforted j suPPly this country, but they not unfre-
qatholl, h,
prorr,
of to other countries. . In 1839,
ler°.ttrers!and us eof sugar fell off two millionseight bun-
th,ia eoi '.arie , "", owing to the emancipation of the native
1 "Pt nine, ntil the year 1842, the produce of the West
tnii ant,. ' Was red - •
ttlk a island of , anted to its minimum. lie
aasri the (Is this gar which would be sent over from the West
:pito,. ssllpplyjear would show a very considerable increase
tiea et aleetther's former years. He would ask the House
alsetl ,%PeritatentsioPposite whether, after having commenced
or h that) expeesn •838, the success of whirls had since ex-
ahells ,4 I.)rotkeVata)nt it was advisable or politic now to
Iheirb. hapies werMnt at a moment when the sugar planters
41
till'4' aW reSUltede," the eve of overcoming those difficulties
4'aar" Illne'lre that jrore the Emancipation Act ?—( Cheers. )
tha, 5, hr...se e,rtr nere were a certain number of gentlemen
es ' srotl 'rn the enle advocates of free trade ; but he was roe, ti.selearef themte,,nit of a similar motion proposed in 1843,
iN w 'nz 0 ere not prepared to go the extreme length
ttor did ht
./Ldi oat the
differential duties offered to
satel,erfeotl,irliasrolsnlia,nsds should be at once abolished.
Ikeo ried b 'Tanehe the appearance of the House, the Hon.
til.atv theY the
A.Nobstleerhad reason to hope that he. would be
e, (le other 1, Lord the Member for the City of Lon-
b ilea niter f • 'ernbers that .11t htoth or ma, , usually voted with him. Th.e
illhahe (sir e consus„ nenester had stated that it made no dit-
sat. 'tante GeorgeZr whether the duty Wll3 153. or 30s. ;
th,, nlvi,. 'I Man lerk), would be lad to know if the
her e
wasion, foe . cheater
washer Stoke gupon-Trent were of the
the v 111e°d4ereit first time that he had heard that
that Vest lr'heete nee between 15s and 30s. The Hon Mem-
rt no t, 'ldles r hart wished to .repre.se.nt that the evil of
ahtaais, Acesnewas, that the
4hti Ill'en b--4`' Were heldy were giving lo.w wages, and
out to the emancipatednegro to
he'''7')PhotesS t^la.'tinvatnive soil. Another evil was, that they had
,sliarets,rat a. loss is utledwerw:tn,le, of cultivation. Now he (Sir G.
.In ree . to „„, • on that the reverse was the case, and
`
d
a
lh ouerstand front what uaer the Hon.
' Itisteas Mformation. At present themeoreceived
u of as formerly 6s. or 7s. per week; and