The Sun.
London, England, 1845-03-27 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning, Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION at ONE CHARGE.

BRITISH INSTITUTION, PALL-MALL
The GALLERY for the EXIIIBITION and SALE of the
WORKS of BRITISH ARTISTS is OPEN DAILY, from Ten in
the Morning till Five in the Evening.
Admission, Is.—Catalogue, Is.
WILLIAM BARNARD, Keeper.

COSMORAMA, DIORAMIC and PANORA-
MIC EXHIBITION, 209, Regent-street, RE-OPENED with
the following Splendid VIEWS of considerable interest Historical and
Scents. The Ostrozk of Klutchee, in Kamtchatka, with the Erup-
tion of Mount lilootchefsky, Fire and Smoke In motion—The New
Devil's Bridge in the Mount St. Gothard, with Dioramic effect—ln-
terior of St. Germain Lauxerrois at Paris, with Sunshine and Shade
—Quebec in America—Ancient Temple at Palmyra—Passage of
the Quindiu, in South America—Mount Libanus, in Syria, &c.
Open from Ten till Five.—Admission, Is. ; Children, I-Pa-price.

HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE
QUEEN
Having been pleased ti send a Donation of 20/, to the Fund now
raising In consequence of the late Calamity on the Scroby Sand ; and
the Subscriptions already received from several Noblemen, Public
Companies, Insurance Societies, Private Individuals, and others, to-
gether with the Inhabitants of Yarmouth and the neighbourhood,
amounting to a considerable sum ; the Committee confidently hope
that the benevolent objects contemplated in the following appeal, and
stated in the concluding paragraph, may be fully realised through the
increased assistance and sympathising liberality of the public at large.
AUTHORISED STATEMENT OF THE

CALAMITY LOSS OF LIFE ON THE SCROBY SAND,

OFF YARMOUTH BEACH,

On SUNDAY, JANUARY 21 1845.
TO THE NOBILITY, GENTRY, AND CLERGY, AND TO THE
SHIPPING, MANUFACTURING, AND TRADING POPULA-
TION OF ENGLAND.
It is well known to those acquainted with the Eastern coast of
Norfolk, that, during heavy galas, the immediate vicinity of Yarmouth
Roads is ono of ike most dangerous parts of the entire coast of
England.
The number of wrecks which occur on the Barber, Cross, Corton,
and especially the Scroby Sands, has long ago induced a hardy, brave,
and intrepid race of men to devote their entire lives to the saving of
property and life along the coast.
A number of boats called yawls, measuring from 50 to 80 feet long,
and from 30 to 50 tons burden, have, at an expense of frem 3001. to
4001. each, been built by the joint contributions of the Beachmen,
who have f rmed themselves into companies for that purroee. With
those they often leave the shore at the most imminent risk of their
lives, not only when the chance of saving property holds out to them
the hope of a large reward in the shape of salvage, but with no less
earnestness and intrepidity when the only satisfaction they have in
prospect is rescuing from a watery grave some of their fellow-
creatures.
On no occasion is it remembered that this noble and disinterested
daring was more magnanimously displayed than on Sunday, the 26th
of January, 1845, on which day, during a veryheavy gale from N. W.
and by W. no loss than five brigs were in distress, four upon the Scroby
Sand and one upon the Barber. In no one of these cases was there,
at the time of their condition being discovered, the slightest probabi-
lity of saving anything like property. Nothing, therefore, but the
warm promptings of humanity could offer any inducement to the
Beachmen to man their boats : yet they hesitated not a single mo-
ment, but at once launched their gallant barks and set forward to the
rescue. Happily their efforts, in four instances, were successffil i■
saving all the crews.
The Caister Beachmen, with their yawl, Storm, succeeded in saving
the crew of the Elizabeth, of Scarborough, nine in number.
The Holkham Company, in their Yawl, the Red Rover, 38 tone,
went off to the brig Jane, of Whitby, &cm which, although the yawl
sustained considerable damage, they succeeded in rescuing the crew,
nine in number.
The Young Company, with their yawl, the Sailor's Friend, of 48
tone, succeeded, at very considerable risk, in taking off the crow of
the brig Choice, of Newcastle, also nine in number.
The Star Company, in their yawl, Phoenix, went off to the Ann, of
Sunderland, from which, after splitting the stem and carrying away
the mast of the yawl, they rescued and safely landed the crew of
nine men.
Having thus far been enabled to record the meritorious and sue-
cessfill conduct of these gallant men, who, in addition to the immi-
nent risk of their lives, have suffered considerably in the injury done
to their property—for which no remuneration can be anticipated but
from the benevolence of a British public, it remains to relate the me-
lancholy catastrophe which forms the climax to this statement.
The Beachmen of the " Phoenix" having safely landed the crew of
the " Ann," and being themselves much exhausted, a fresh crow of
the same Company re-manned the yawl, and immediately proceeded
to another vessel lying in distress on the Scroby ; the wind was *hen
blowing a hurricane. On nearing the vessel, they found the sea
running over her, and made an unsnccessful attempt to reach her ;
failing to do so, they let go their anchor and veered down ; unfortu-
nately the force of the sea drove the yawl upon the brig and dashed
her to pieces ; when the Beachmen—with the exception of one man
(named Abraham Wetherell), who sank with the yawl—got on board
the brig, which was now drifting, and every sea breaking with tre-
mendous violence over her bull.
The accident being witnessedfrean the shore several men belonging
to the different Companies manned the life-boat and flew to their as-
sistance. The danger of all was extreme, and those on shore trembled
alike for the poor fellows on the brig and those in the life-boat. Hap-
pily she reached the brig though too late for many, some of whom
were carried overboard by the falling of the brig's masts, and some
drowned on the wreck. Six only of the " Phoenix's crew were savedi;,
and of the brig's crew, who were in a state of exhaustion when the
" Phoenix" first reached ber, the whole perished.
Thus in the noble attempt to save the lives of their fellow-men,
seven of our gallant beachmen found a watery grave, leaving behind
them four widows and fourteen children (ten of whom are under
twelve years of age) totally unprovided for, as well as the aged
mothers of the three single men. Their names were Abraham
Wetherell (leaving a widow and nine children), James Shreeve
(widow and three children), Ganham (alias James) Inning (widow
and two children), James Boulton (widow), William Warner, George
Points, and James George, single men, but upon whom their widowed
mothers, or aged parents, depended for subsistence.
To provide a fund to relieve the necessities of the bereaved—to re-
ward the noble fellows who so gallantly risked their lives for others—
to assist in replacing the serious loss suffered by the boatmen—and
to form a nucleus for a permanent fluid for the relief of sufferers
under similar calamities in future—is the object of the present
appeal.
Subscriptions will be received at the banks of Messrs. Barclay and
Co., and Sir R. C. Glynn and Co., London ; and at any of the banking
houses in Norfolk and Suffolk.
Signed on behalf of the Committee,
W. HURRY PALMER, Mayor of Great Yarmouth, Chairman.
Committee-room, Town-hall, Feb. 24, 1845.
- -

EMPLOYMENT.—Persons having a little time
to spare are apprised that Agents centinne to be appointed in
London, and country towns, by the EAST INDIA TEA COMPANY,
or the sale of their celebrated teas.
Offices, No. 9, Great St. Helen's-churchyard, Bishopsgate-street.
They are packed in showy leaden canisters, from one ounce to a
pound, with the price and weight marked on each packet, and but
little trouble is occasioned by the sale. The license is only Ile. per
.nnum, and many during the last nineteen years have realised con-
siderable incomes the agency without ene shilling let or loss.
Application to lie made (if by letter post-paid) as above.

NEXT OF KIN OF JOHN ALDRED.
PURSUANT to a DECREE of the HIGH
COURT of CHANCERY, bearing date the 14th day of Febru-
ary, 1845, and Made in a Cause ALDRED v. ADAM, all persons
claiming by the laws of the kingdoms of France and England to be
the NEXT of KIN of JOHN ALDRED, late of Boulogne-sur-Mer, in
the kingdom of France, Esquire, who died in the month of February,
1839, living at the time of his death, and also the Next of Rile and
Personal Representative or Representatives, according to the laws of
France and England, of any such Next of Kin as may have died since
the death of the said John Aldred, are forthwith to come in and
prove their kindred and make out their claims before Sir GIFFIN
WiLsox, ono of the Masters of the said Court, at his Chambers, in
Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lane, London, or in default thereof,
they will he excluded the benefit of the said Decree.
Mr. .Aldred was a native of, and formerly resident in Great Yar-
mouth, in the county of Norfolk, and afterwards in Hatton-garden,
in the City of London, and went to reside at Boulogne sometime in
the year 1824, and died there in the year 1839
Dated the 19th day of March, 1845.

CLARA SEYTON'S NEW ENTERTAIN-
MENT.

Miss CLARA SEYTON will give her ILLUSTRATIONS Of the
DRAMA and the OPERA, received with the most enthusiastic ap-
plause, at CROSBY HALL, BISHOPSGATE-STREET, on TUES-
DAY Evenings, and on THURSDAYS, at the MUSIC HILL,
STORE-STREET,
Miss CLARA SEYTON will give RECITATIONS from Ancient
and Moden Dramatists, and sing admired compositions of Mozart,
Weber, Schubert, &c. ; also three new songs, by Mr. T. Cooke. The
e.ntertainment will conclude each evening with Albert Smith's
brilliantly successild Comic Medley Scona, `• A Musical Scamper •ver
Europe."
Piano-forte (on this occasion)—Mr. J. L. HATTON.
Doors open at Half-past Seven, to commence at Eight.

Tickets 2s. and 2s. 6d. each, to be ha. d of all Music-sellers ; at the
Hall ; and of 31!ss Clara Sefton, 47, Conduit-street, Regent-street,
of whom alone Private Boxes for Store-street (One Guinea each) may
be obtained.

ART UNION OF LONDON,
BY AUTHORITY OF PARLIAMENT.

THE SUBSCRIPTION LIST WILL POSITIVELY CLOSE on
MONDAY NEXT, the 81st instant.
Subscribers will receive, besides the chance of obtaining a valu-
able Work of Art, an impression of a LINE ENGRAVING, by
Mr. G. T. DOO, after the picture of W. MULREADY, U.A.,
" The Convalescent ;" and in addition to this, a Series of designs
in outline, made expressly for the Society, by Mr. W. RIMER, illus-
trative of Thomson's " Castle of Indolence."

GEORGE GODWIN, Honorary Secretaries
LEWIS POCOCK,
4, Trafalgar-square, March 25, 1845.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY, PADDING-
TON. CONVEYANCE OF MERCHANDIZE.

The Directors having determined to reduce the charges upon goods
and cattle carried by this Company, and to alter the classiflcatioa of
goods from and after the 24th inst., the public are informed that the
particulars of the new rates and classes may be known at any of the
stations, and printed bills will be forwarded to any address by post,
upon application made at this Office.
It is strongly recommended that all merchandise, packages, or
goods, intended for this Railway, should he sent direct to the station,
or to one of the appointed receiving-houses, according to the pub-
lished list, as the Company cannot be answerable either for the rate
of charge, or the punctual transmissson of goods forwarded through
other Offices. CHARLES A. SAUNDERS, Secretary.
Paddington, March 20, 1845.

LONDON, SALISBURY, AND YEOVIL
JUNCTION RAILWAY.
63, Moorgato-street, London, March 19, 1845.
Notice is hereby given that the Previsional Committee of this Com-
pany have determined to abandon the portion of the line from Reigate
to Basingstoke, and that the capital will therefore be reduced from
2,000,000/. to 1,500,0001.
No applications fbr Shares will be received after Monday, the Elst
instant, and those parties who have previously to this date applied
for Shares, and who may not approve of the alteration above-men-
tioned, are requested to withdraw their applications as soon as possible.
By order of the Committee,
L. CROMBIE, Secretary.

NEWARK AND SHEFFIELD RAILWAY.
EXTENSION TO SLEAFORD AND GRANTHAM.'
The Committee of Management having received the approval by
the Board of Trade of their project, with the proposed extension
from Newark to a junction at Sleaford with the Cambridge and Lin-
coln Line, including a Branch to the town of Grantham, beg to an-
nounce to their Shareholders that they have resolved to apply to Par-
liament next session for power to make such extension, ibr which
purpose they shall increase the capital of the Company 250,0001., by
the additition of 10,000 Shares of 251. each, to be divided among the
scripholders in the proportion of one new share for every two of the
original shares, on payment of a d-posit of 3Cs. per share. All the
steps necessary for carrying this arrangement into effect are now 1
progress, and due notice will be given when they are completed.
By order, JOHN DENNISTON, Secretary.
Mansfield, March 25, 1845.

BIRMINGHAM and OXFORD JUNCTION
RAILWAY, with a BRANCH to STRATFORD-ON-AVON.
Capital £600,000 in Shares of £2O each.
Deposit £2 per Share.
Provisionally registered pursuant to Act 7th and Bth Vic., o. 110.
PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE.
The Mayor of Birmingham.
John Adams, Esq.. Sergeant-at law, London.
J. T. Alston, Esq., Liverpool.
W. C. Alston, Esq., Elmdon Hall, near Birmingham.
F. P. Barlow, Esq., London.
Colonel Charles Oldfield Bowles, North Aston Park.
W. E. Boyce, Esq., Alleprton, near Banbury.
John Crosthwaite, Esq., Liverpool.
Sir Geerge Dashweod, Bart., Kirtlington Park, Oxon.
J. Gardiner, Esq., Southam.
Robertson Gladstone, Esq., Liverpool.
J. lladdon, Esq., Leamington.
Lawrence Heyworth, Esq., Liverpool.
Charles Lawrence, Esq., Liverpool.
John Lechmere, Esq., Steeple Aston.
Charles Mann, Esq., Leamington.
William Marshall, Esq., Husbands' Bosworth, Leicestershire.
William Mathews, Esq., Edgbaston, Birmingham.
J. W. Miles, Esq., Bristol.
John Moss, Esq., Liverpool. •
John Roskell, Esq., Bath.
Francis Rufford, Esq., Bellbroughton, near Stourbridge.
Charles Russell, Esq., M.P., London.
Major General Smith, Rugby.
Samuel Edward Steward, Esq., Leamington.
T. H. Thorne, Esq.. Leamington.
George Richard Walker, Esq., Heathfield House, Bletehington,
Oxon.
(With power to add to their number.)
BANKERS.
Messrs. Attwood, Spooner, and Co., Birmingham.
Messrs. Miles, llarford, and Co., Bristol.
Messrs. Moss and Co., Liverpool.
The Leamington Priors and Warwickshire Banking Company, and
The Warwick and Leamington Banking Company, Leamington
and Warwick.

SUPPLEMENT TO THE " DISPATCH."
The PROPRIETORS of the WEEKLY DISPATCH, ever
foremost in furnishing full details of events, and desirous of meeting
the views of an anxious public, purpose giving every particular re-
lating to the EXECUTION of JOHN TAWELL, in their Journal, of
Sunday next, March 30, and in order that every incident may be
Hilly reported, in connexion with the TRIAL of THOMAS HENRY
MOCKER, for the Horrible Murder at Hampstead, the " Dispatch"
of the succeeding Saturday and Sunday, will be accompanied by four
extra pages, as a
SUPPLEMENT,
and will consequently contain a most copious and interesting account
of all the proccedin;s.
Orders received by every Newspaper Agent in the Kingdom, and by
Mr. Wood, " Weekly Dispatch" Office, 139, Fleet-street.

NEW HISTORICAL ROMANCE.
Now ready, in 3 vols., post Svo.
ti A OR, TPIIE CILLOED,U R T ;
TROPHECT FULFILLED,
AN HISTORICAL ROMANCE.
" The author of Hampton Court' is well read in the history and
manners of the period ho depicts ; ho has a taste for anecdote and
archaeology; and possesses, with an agreeable style, strong powers
of delineation."—Spectator.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.
To be had at all tha Libraries.

NEW WORK BY HARRY LORREQUER.
In Ono Volume, cloth gilt edges, price be.
ST. P A TRICK'S EVE;
or, Three Eras in the Life of an Irish Peasant.
By CHARLES LEVER.
With Four Etchings and numerous Woodcuts, by MIL
Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

On the 31st of March will be published, price Two Shillings,
D OLMAN'S MAGAZINE. No. 11.
--•

Art. I. Vices, Sins, and Crimes.
2. Anecdotes of Calcutta.
3. The Tractarian Movement.
4. The Countess Clemenco. Chaps. 11. and
6. The Eternal City. Chap. It.
6. The Luck of being Transported.
7. A Second Peep at all Things, and a rev> Others. By Bo-
Peep.
B. Reviews of Now Publications.
London : C. Dolman, 61, New Bond-street ; Cumming, Dublin ;
Stevenson, Edinburgh ; Booker, Liverpool; and all Booksellers.

L'IIISTOIRE du CONSULAT et de L'EAL-
PIRE, par M. TIIIERS. Lo COURRIER do L'EUROPE
(Bohaln's French Newspaper), will on SATURDAY NEXT be EN-
LARGED, without increase of price, ttom 16 to 24 pages, containing
72 columns of closely-printed matter, equal to the contents of two
ordinary volumes. The Editor has determined on this step in order
to enable him to publish, without abridgment, the important his-
tory of Napoleon, by the late Secretary for Foreign Affairs, M.
Thiers, and to continue Le Juif Errant of M. Eugene Sue, without
interruption, and in addition to all the News of the Week. Price
Sixpence, stamped for post.
Offices, 10, Wellington-street; and Joseph Thomas 1, Finch-lane,
Cornhill.

FOURTEENTH EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Unman
Frailty, with Coloured Engravings.
Just published, price 25. 6d., free by post (in a sealed envelope) 35.6 d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
the Infirmities of the Generative System in both sexes ; and
on the loss of the reproductive powers, with means of restoration.
The baneful effects of solitary indulgence, neglected syphilis symp-
toms, &c., are fhlly pointed out. Illustrated by Engravings; Mowed
by observations on Marriage, with plain directions for the removal of
certain disqualifications. By R. and L. PERRY and Co., Consulting
Surgeons, London. Published by the Authors, and may be ad at
their residence, 19, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET.
Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Ilannay and Ce., 63, Ox-
ford-street ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Purkiss, Compton-
street, Soho ; and all Booksellers.
"We regard the work before us, the ' Silent Friend; as a work
embracing most clear and practical views of a series of complaints
hitherto little understood, and passed over by a majority of the me-
dical profession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We must
however confess that a perusal of this work has left such a favourable
impression en our minds, that we not only recommend, bat cordially
wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffering from indis-
cretion, to profit by the advice contained in its pages."—Age and Argus.
The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is exclusively directed to
the cure of nervous and sexual debility, irregularity, weakness, loss
of appetite, indigestion, consumptive habits, and debilities arising from
excess, &c. In bottles, price 11s., or the quantity of four in one
bottle for 335., by which I ls. are saved. The five-pound cases may
be had as usnal.
The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphi-
litic remedy for searching out and purifying the blood from scurvy,
blotches en the head, face, and body, ulcerations, and those painful
affections arising from improper treatment or the effects of mercury,
removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. Price
1 Is. and 335. per bottle.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., 4m. 6d.,
and I is. per box, are the most effectual remedy for strictures, inflam-
mation, irritation of the bladder, &c., without hindrance to business.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. Minute detail of cases necessary.
Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for consultation, at their re-
ridence, 19, Berners-street, Oxford.ctreet, London, from 11 till 2, and
. 5 till 8. On Sundays from 10 till 12. One personal visit is only ne-
cessary to effect a permanent cure.

T4EGAL and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE
OFFICE, 25th of March, 1845.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that the ANNUAL GENERAL
MEETING of the Members of this Society, pursuant to the Deed of
Settlement, will be held at the Office of the Society, No. 10, Fleet-
street, London, on THURSDAY, the 10th of April next.
The Chair will be taken at One o'clock precisely.
The vacancies occasioned by four of the Directors and two of the
Auditors going out of office on that day, will then be filled, up. The
Directors and Auditors going out are re-eligible.
By order of the Board of Directors,
T. R. EDMONDS, Actuary.

METROPOLITAN
SOCIETY, No. 3, PRIX

Joseph H. Bradshaw, Esq.
Edmund Charles Buxton, Esq.
Sir William Clay, Bart., 111.1%
Thomas Fowlor, Esq.
Francis Fox, Esq.

LIFE ASSURANCE
CES-STREET, BANK.
TORS.

Frazer B. Renshaw, Esq.
John Laurence, Esq.
William J. Lescher, Esq.
John Francis Maubert, Esq.
Joseph Pease, Jun., Esq.

Robert Grant, Esq. Henry Sturt, Esq.
Thomas Henry Hall, Esq. John Taylor, Esq.
Benjn. Ilawes, Jun., Esq., M.P. George Vaughan, Esq
The DIRECTORS hereby give notice to Members whose Premiums
fall due on the sth of April next, that the same must be paid within
thirty days from that date.

The Premiums are payable yearly, half-yearly, or quarterly, on the
sth of January, sth of April, sth of July, and sth of October, either
of which several days constitutes the commencement of the year to
Members. Persons, therefore, desirous of entering the Society, us
Members, on the sth of April next, should appear, or lodge their pro-
posals, at the Office, on or before that day.
So various are the plans now hefbre the public for the Assurance of
Life, that it may seem difficult to make choice between them. As,
however, all prudent offices make a considerably higher charge in the
annual premium than experience has hitherto shown to he necessary,
but differ in the mode of disposing of the surplus or profit, the fol-
lowing classification may be made :

Ist: Proprietary Offices, W-17e; all the surplus from premiums and
other profits is divided, exclusively, amongst the Share or Stockholders.
2d. Offices where the same is divided in various proportions be.
tween Share and Stockholders and the Assured.
3d. Offices of a strictly mutual character, where the whole of the
profit is equitably distributed amongst the Assured only.

The METROPOLITAN, which is of the last class, was established
in 1835, and although no paid agents for town or country have at any
time been employed, nor any expensive system of advertising
resorted to, yet its advantages have been so well appreciated by the
public, that the annual premiums already exceed 50,0001.
In consequence of the prosperous state of the Society's affairs, the
Annual Premiums of Members of Five Years' standing have boon re-
duced Forty-two and a-Half per cent.
A plan of the Society, with Tables of Rates, may be obtained, on
application, at the Office.

RICIIARD HEATIIFIELD, Superintendent.
Princes-street, Bank, March 19, 1845.

COALS.—COALS, 265. PER TON for the
BEST QUALITIES of WALLSE.ND, viz. Hetton's or
Stew art's well screened, and (in consequence of the universal system
of sending short weight) each sack weighed at the consumer's door.
Delivered at the above price at twelvo hour's notice, within five
miles, by the METROPOLITAN COAL COMPANY, 279, High
Holborn, opposite Red Lion-street.

Here, then, are conflicting testimonies which we can-

not put to any proof that will be thought satisfactory.
Our means of inquiry do not enable us to give any de-
cisive opinion on this doubtful point; and in directing
the attention of the Committee upon the Bill to the
question, whether a line of railway through this district
may be justified by the prospect of receiving upon it
sufficient traffic to support it, we can only say, that the
country generally has been much improved since the
Commissioners made their report; that we cannot take
on ourselves to state that the traffic will be inadequate
to maintain a line cheaply made and economically
worked; but that we have no doubt whatever on our
minds that only one line of railway between Galway
and Dublin, whether it proceed by Athlone and Mul-
lingar, or by Athlone and Tullamore, can be supported
under the present circumstances of that part of Ireland.
The question, therefore, is narrowed into asking which
of the two proposed schemes is preferable; and here a
more minute description of the opposing projects be-
comes necessary.
The Mullingar line commences on the north side of
the city of Dublin, near the basin of the Royal Canal,
and is intended to be carried along its towing-path, with
such deviations only as are required to keep the curves
to a moderate radius where angles of the canal present
themselves. As might be expected the gradients are
unexceptionable, and the work is light, except at one
point, where a viaduct, 250 yards long and 69 feet in
extreme height, is to be constructed. The line finally
leaves the towing-path at about one mile from Mullin-
gar, which is nearly 50 miles from Dublin.
From Mullingar to Athlone the distance is about 29
miles, and the line does not appear to present any formi-
dable engineering obstacle or unusual difficulty in its
construction. The branch to Longford from Mullingar
is about 25i miles long : the earth works upon it are
heavy for about 11 miles, but the remainder being easy
of construction, the entire branch may be classed with
moderate lines as regards the formation.
With respect, however, to so much of the line as runs
by the sido of the canal, it is necessary to remark that
the section which has been deposited with the Board of
Trade does not give an adequate representation of the
extent of the work required, as, unless the towing-path
be twenty-eight feet wide, (the ordinary breadth of a
railway) it must be widened, and all the inequalities of
the original surface of the ground become essential in-
gredients in the labour of the earthworks. It must also
be remembered that the expense will be increased by
the necessity of forming a new or additional towing-
path for the traffic of the canal, which it is imperative
on the projectors to provide for, when the present
towing-path shall be converted into a railway.
The Royal Canal, on the banks of which this line
is proposed to be made, was formed by a Company in-
corporated in 1789 ; but after large sums both of public
and private money had been expended, it became bank-
rupt in 1812, and fell into the hands of the creditors,
who were incorporated by Act of Parliament, and
are now the Royal Canal Company. With them
the promoters of the Mullingar scheme have entered
into an agreement for the purchase of the canal, in case
they should obtain their Act ; and it is expressly stipu-
lated that the canal is to be maintained, and every
facility which is now afforded for the navigation to be
continued by the purchasers.
The promoters of this scheme have also lodged plans
for an alternative line from Dublin to Mullingar, irre-
spective of the canal, which line would be easy of con-
struction ; but as the promoters rest their case on the
merits of the project immediately connected with the
canal, there is no necessity for giving a detailed state-
ment of the circumstances of the alternative line.

From Athlone to Galway the line, for which plans
have been deposited by the same parties, passes by Bal-
linasloe and Oranmore to Galway. Its gradients are
generally good, except at one place, where there is an
ascent of 4i miles long at 1 in 130, and a descent of three
miles at the same gradient. Parts of the works are
heavy, especially where the river Shannon is crossed at
an elevation of 22 feet, the river being 700 feet wide ;
and between the 18th and 27th mile, where the earth-
works are considerable, one cutting being more than two
miles in length, above half a mile of which will exceed
40 feet in depth.
It is to be observed that Loughrea is omitted by the
proposed scheme, which passes about six miles to the
north of that town.

Having made their surveys and estimates, both with
regard to construction and traffic, the promoters have
come to the conclusion, that a railway of this description
between Athlone and Galway cannot succeed as a spe-
culation ; and, therefore, they are not desirous of making
it. But at the same time, should any strong wish be
entertained by Parliament that, for national purposes,
railway communication should be established entirely
across the island from Galway to Dublin, they are pre-
pared, through the means which they have taken, to meet
such a wish, and thereby prove that they have not been
regardless of what might be thought right of them to do,
in carrying out their scheme for the benefit of the public.
The line of the rival Company, commencing at Galway,
passes by Oranmore, Loughres, Balllnasloe, Athlone,
Moate, Tullamore, Phillipstown, and Edenderry, to join
the Great Southern and Western a short distance west
from Naas. Such is the line for which the plans be e
been deposited ; but under an arrangement with
Great Southern and Western Company, the promoters
have decided on abandoning so much of their scheme as
is comprehended between Tullamore and Naas, and
instead thereof they will apply for powers to make a line
from Tullamore to Portarlmgton, there to run into the
Great Southern and Western Railway. in order to de-
crease, as far as they can, the extent of new railway to
be constructed, and at the same time to obtain from the
Great Southern and Western Company assistance and
support.
The gradients for the most part are 1 in 200, but not
continuous, as they are divided into a great number of
short planes, ascending and descending alternately, and
chiefly at the above inclination. The line runs nearly
on the surface of the ground, and the earthworks, conse-
quently, will be very light. Crossing the canal and the
Shannon involves expense ; the bridges for this pur-
pose will be nearly the same as in the scheme just de-
scribed.

It is quite clear, from this short description, that, as
regards the two lines between Athlone and Galway, the
one which is proposed by the (promoters of the Dublin
and Galway scheme is preferable, both with respect to
gradients, the extent of earthworks, and the cost of for-
mation. Between Athlone and Tullamore the line will
be inexpensive, and between Tullamore and Portarlington
(the portion for which plans are not. lodged, but which
the promoters hope eventually to obtain the power to
make) it will be of the same character.
It is necessary to allude here to the Grand Canal,
which, commencing at Dublin, traverses the same dis-
trict with the Dublin and Galway line, as far as Ballina-
sloe ; but, with the exception of Tullamore, no inter-
mediate town is directly served by both, so that, though
they might compete generally for the traffic of the dis-
trict, they could not be said to compete directly for the
traffic of the towns close to which they respectively pass,
except with regard to Ballinasloe and Tullamore. The
Grand Canal Company, alarmed by the prospect of a
railway so close to them, have proposed to construct a
railway along their banks, but have not lodged any plans
for the purpose ; they have only intimated their intention
of doing so at a future period, as a defensive measure.
But into the particulars of this scheme it is needless to
enter : with respect to it we can only say, that so far as
we now see, it does not appear to be at all desirable. It
is necessary also to notice a project for connecting Gal-
way with Dublin, by way of Loughrea, Parsonstown,
and Roscrea, falling into the Great Southern and
Western Railway, near Borris-in Ossory ; but no plans
have been deposited for this purpose with the Board of
Trade, beyond what may justly indicate an outline of
the scheme. The projectors desire that time may be
afforded to examine fully into the merits of all the
schemes in connexion with this district. But we are of
opinion that delay, in this case, is unnecessary, as the
project presents to our view nothing sufficiently valuable
in itself to give it an undoubted preference.
Thus, then, wo have two schemes before us, both easy
of construction; one giving railway accommodation to
Mullingar, to the counties of Westmeath, Longford, and
Leitrim, but practically bounded by the line of the
Shannon; the other having the advantage of a trunk
line about forty miles in extent, into Dublin, made by
another company, and reaching across Ireland to the
Atlantic. The Mullingar scheme might be extended at
a future time beyond Longford, and branches from it
might be thrown off to the north if required; but on the
other hand the Dublin and Galway scheme will imme-
diately bring the district which it traverses and the
important garrison town of Athlone into railway con-
nexion with the whole of the south of Ireland by means
of its junction with the Great Southern and Western
Railway, at Portarlington. The Mullingar scheme in-
volves the following quantity of work to be executed:—
Dublin to Athlone 79 miles
Mullingar to Longford
Athlone to Galway 4B

Total railway to be made
while by the Dublin and Galway scheme there will be
required from
Galway to Tullamore BO miles
Tullamore to Portarlington (about) 15

Total railway to be made 95
The promoters of the Mullingar scheme believe that a
great saving will be effected by constructing their lines
on the bank of the Royal Canal. But considering that
the canal must be maintained, that in some places addi-
tional land must be purchased, that the bridges must be
altered, and that in those places where the towing-path
occupies the bank which is to be used for the railway, a
new towing-path must be made on the opposite side of
the canal, we doubt whether any such saving as they
contemplate could be effected ; and we are of opinion
that the cost per mile of the line from Dublin to Athlone
by the canal, together with the branch to Longford, will
not be less than the cost per mile from Galway to For-
tarlington by the Dublin and Galway scheme.
We have, therefore, fur the purpose of connecting
Galway with Dublin, the Mullingar scheme, involving

11271 miles of new railway, as compared with only 95
miles of new railway required by the Dublin and Gal-
way scheme. But, if the extension of the Mullingar
scheme from Athlone to Galway be set aside, we then
have a proposal to accommodate Longford, Athlone, and
Mullingar with 104 miles of new railway, to be com-
pared with the project for accommodating Athlone,
Ballinasloe, and Galway with 95 miles of new railway .
But though it is highly necessary to be fully aware
of the extent of accommodation which is afforded, it is
also advisable to see which scheme leaves most undone,
and what probability there may be of the remainder
being accomplished at a future period. The importance
of this consideration, with regard to Ireland, cannot be
overlooked. The Commissioners were fully alive to it.
They state, Part 111., p. 93
" There can be no doubt that parties might be found
ready to undertake certain portions of these lines, which
hold out special prospects of advantage ; such, for ex-
ample, as the first twenty or thirty miles leading out of
Dublin, over which all the traffic with other places, near
as well as remote, must necessarily pass. But since, ac-
cording to our calculations, the return of profit on the
whole system could not be expected for some time to
exceed 3} or 4 per cent., it is manifest that, if the best
and most productive portions are taken possession of un-
conditionally, there can be no reasonable hope that the
remainder will ever be carried into effect. This would
so completely frustrate the most important of the ob-
jects contemplated in issuing this Commission, by op-
posing a bar to the future improvement of the country,
that we trust it will not be in any case permitted. It
would be even more advisable that no partial line should
be sanctioned, until the country should possess, within
itself, the means of undertaking the whole system to its
full extent, than at once, and for ever, to obstruct and
paralyse all future exertions for its accomplishment by
abandoning, to parties having particular and distinct in-
terests, the monopoly of some of its most productive de-
tached portions."
We have abundance of evidence in the fact of the pro-
moters of the Mullingar scheme not believing that their
extension from Athlone to Galway would be remunera-
tive;that if it depended on their, railway communication
to the westward would be limited to Athlone for some
time to come ; they would continue to be satisfied with
the profits arising from the traffic with Dublin ; and the
opportunity of extending to the utmost that accommo-
dation which is now so strongly desired by the district
would be lost ; whereas the Dublin and Galway scheme
fulfils the recommendation of the Commissioners, inas-
much as the proprietors of 40 miles of the trunk line
nearest Dublin are the supporters of and subscribers to
the undertaking—they are, in fact, parties to it—and in
alliance with them the promoters of the scheme possess
within themselves the means of carrying out a system of
intercommunication between Dublin and Galway.
It has been objected that in case the Dublin and
Galway scheme be carried out, the two great canals, on
which so much money, both public and private, has been
expended, will be ruined ; and the authority of the Com-
missioners has been cited to establish that, in those locali-
ties where navigations have been completed on a large
scale, and in a superior manner, at the cost of more tha
3,000,0001., it is injurious to the best interests of the
country to promote other speculations having a tendency
to injure or destroy them. But, with the principle in-
volved in securing a vested interest to the proprietors of
canals, Parliament has already, dealt,' and we are not
called upon to express an opinion whether the case be
altered by the fact of the funds being derived from public
or private sources.
After a full consideration of all the circumstances, we
are of opinion that a greater extent of accommodation
is offered by the Dublin and Galway than by the Mul-
lingar scheme : that the former, involving the formation
of a fewer number of miles of railway than the latter,
may be accomplished at a less cost ; that the former,
being supported as it is by the Great Southern and Wes-
tern Company, is likely to be more remunerative in
connection with that Company than the latter could be
as an independent line • that there is no particular ad-
vantage to be derived from the promoters of the latter
using the bank of the Royal Canal for the construction
of the railway ; and, therefore, we think that there are
public reasons for preferring the Irish Great Western
(Dublin and Galway) Railway scheme to the Great Wes-
tern (by Mullingar) Railway scheme.
In conclusion, we beg to draw attention to the pas-
sage of the Fifth Report of the Select Committee of last
year, in which it is stated, in recommending that reports
should be made to Parliament by this department upon
railway schemes, " That no such report should be held
to prejudice the claims of private persons, the examina-
tion of which should be altogether reserved to the houses
of the legislature."
In submitting to Parliament, in conformity with the
recommendations of that Committee, the results at which
we have arrived, with a view to the information and as-
sistance of Parliament, in forming a judgment upon the
schemes in question, in so far as our reportmaybe avail-
able for that purpose, we are anxious that it should be
distinctly understood that we have arrived at these re-
sults solely upon public grounds, and to the exclusion o
all considerations how far such results might require to
be modified by a due regard for private rights and in
terests. _ . _

DAL HOUSIE.
C. W. PASLEY. G. R. PORTER.
D. O'BRIEN. S. L AING.

LAW OF DEBTOR AND CREDITOR.
A public meeting of the Equitable Debtor and
Creditor Association was held yesterday at the Dis-
pensary, in Aldersgate-street, " to petition Parlia-
ment, and to secure the passing of an Act which shall
place the giving of credit on a much better footing
than it is now: The chair was taken at two o'clock
by Sir Peter Laurie.
The CHAIRMAN said he had great pleasure in
presiding over a meeting which had been convened
for so laudable a purpose. That was not the first time
that he had endeavoured to prevent an interruption to
credit, impressed with the feeling that without credit
there could be no commerce.—(Hear, hear.) He
had formerly belonged to a society, which held its
meetings in Cockspur-street, and the object of which
was to protect the creditor against this kind of legis-
lation. He had always looked at these humanity
Bills with great suspicion.—(Hear, hear.) He would
be glad to know how many of the relations of those
who had supported the Bill of last session in Parlia-
ment had benefited by its operation.—(Hear,
hear, and laughter.) They all said that their
friends at college were very extravagant, and
complained that it was very cruel to put a man in
apr i
nds,o n
perhaps,. W a
ni t
thenot
eanlds,o
ccarnuseel
ht
im truinn gan ttrna dpersi
smn
na n?,
—(Hear, hear.) If the tradesmen of the metropolis
did not stir in this matter, they would presently find
a Bill brought in, limiting the sum for which arrest
could take place to 401. instead of 201.—(Hear.)
He was quite aware that it was considered an act of
cruelty to imprison a debtor. There was, at that
time, a maudlin sensibility prevailing which extended
to the case of every man who happened to be a rogue.
—(Laughter.)--And when they found rick-burners
turned into heroes, and so much false sympathy ex-
isting, it became them, as rational men, to see what
could be done to protect themselves. The result of
this measure which they sought to have amended was,
that debts were contracted in all directions below
191., and the small tradesmen of the country were
set at defiance. He knew several instances which
afforded this illustration of the effect of this measure.
There was a society formed, he was happy to say,
meeting in Soho-square, which had for its
object, as they had, the protection of honest
tradesmen against designing men.—(Hear, hear.)
That society already consisted of 1,500 members.
Let them co-operate with this society, and organise
the tradesmen throughout the metropolis, for the
purpose of securing their object. He had referred to
the maudlin sympathy which had such extensive pre-
valence. There was no greater proof of its existence
than the manner in which culprits were admired.
They had all heard of a man named Oxford, confined
in Bedlam. He pledged his honour that he had been
applied to by ladies of rank, as a governor of that
hospital, for a lock of that man's hair.—(Great laugh-
ter, and a voice, " The name," followed by cries of
" No, no.") He had asserted that, to the truth of
which he pledged his honour.—(Hear, hear.)—He
had not seen the resolutions which were to be pro-
posed; but he presumed that the object of all present
was to protect the honest tradesman—(Hear, hear)—
and that being the object, he hoped that the trades-
men of all parts of the metropolis would unite to se-
cure its accomplishment.
Mr. W. D. SAULL proposed the first resolution
which was as follows :

" Resolved,—That in the judgment of this meeting
legislation has foF years past been giving the debtor
advantages over the creditor; until ultimately, by this
Act of last year, these advantages are made so palpable
and unjust, that in moderate and small businesses which
form the greater portion of trade, the creditor is entirely
at the mercy of the debtor, whilst in 9 large businesses
and great transactions, the creditor is much more
efficiently protected."
He said the Legislature had for years past been
giving the debtor advantages over the creditor, until,
at length, by the Act of last year, these advantages
were made so palpably unjust that in all small
businesses in which credit was chiefly given, the
creditor was left entirely at the mercy of the debtor.
He had retired from the active politics of that ward ;
but he had felt it his duty to assist in
overturning, or seeking the amelioration, of what he
must deem the most unjust and partial law, commonly
called Lord Brougham's law, passed in the last ses-
sion.—(Cheers.) It was a very important matter