The Sun.
London, England, 1844-01-08 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning, Xmi, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, of ONE CHARGE.

ETALL OP COMMERCE
AND GENERAL SUBSCRIPTION ROOMS,

LONDON.
BOA MD OF SUPERINTINDYNCE.
Sir GEORGE LARPENT, Bart., Chairman.
JOHN CATTLEY, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
William Burnie, Esq. James Pattison, Esq.
James Cook, Esq. Sir John Pirie, Bart.
Robert Cottesworth, Esq. John D. Powles, Esq.
Matthew Forster, Esq., M.P. Henry Jame +Prescott, Esq.
Abel Lewes Gower, Esq. Baron L. de Rothschild.
Samuel Gurney, Esq. David Salomons, Esq.
Thomson Hankey, jun., Esq. John James Siordet, Esq.
Kirkman D. Hodgson, Esq. Martin Tucker Smith, EsoL
John Irving, Esq., M.P. Wm. Thompson, Esq., M.P.
Henry Kingscote, Esq. Thomas Weeding, Esq.
James Matheson, Esq., M.P. Geo. Frederick Young, Esq.
The HALL of COMMERCE has been erected to provide
a central point of meeting in the Commercial World for the
Merchants, Bankers, Ship-owners, Manufacturers of the
Jailed Kingdom, Captains of vessels, Foreigners engaged in
commercial or other pursuits, and the Public in general.
The READING-ROOM adjoining is provided with all She
.eading Foreign and British newspapers, and general commer-
cial intelligence from all parts of the world, maps, charts, itine-
lilies, directories, steam-boat and railroad information, list of
ships sailing, to all parts of the world, prices current, documents
and books of reference on commercial subjects.
There are also Rooms for PRIVATE BUSINESS and
FIRE-PROOF VAULTS and SAFES for the deposit of
valuables.
In addition to the above conveniences, the Subscribers will
have the use of an EXCELLENT LIBRARY en COMMER-
CIAL SUBJECTS.

The Establishment will be conducted by the Proprietor, un-
der the superiutendence of a Board of Subscribers.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION PER ANNUM.
Persons -residing in London, or within 12 miles... 11. Ils. 6d.
Persons residing at a greater distance .. 11. ls. Od.

London, September. 1,1843.
The HOARD of SUPERINTENDENCE of the " HALL
of CG11,1111E1WE" take leave to draw your attention to this
Institution.

It has been built and established at a very great cost, by a
ingle individual, for the convenience of the Commercial Com-
munity of the City of London, with a degree of public spirit
worthy the metropolis of the world.
The subscription is now placed on so moderate a scale as to
e no object of consideration, in proportion to the conveniences
offered, which are set forth in the above Prospectus ; and the
Board are of opinion, that without interfering with any of the
existing establishments appropriated to specific branches of
rade, these conveniences may be found available by a very large
Lody of persons in the City of London—by parties visiting
London occasionally on mercantile affairs—and by gentlemen
one the Continent and other foreign ports.
GEORGE LARPENT, Chairman.

JOHN CATTLEY, Deputy Chairman.
N.B. A Coffee-room is now open for the accommodation of
b Subscribers.

E,LTRACT from the FOURTEENTH SHEET of TESTI-

MONIALS in favour of
PARR'S LIFE PILLS, which are acknow-
ledged to be all that are required to conquer disease, and
prolong I! fc.

From Mr. J. SMITH, Glasgow.

GENTLEIIEN,—I have been troubled for years with a dreadful
palpitation of the heart, accompanied with great nervousness and
debility, for which I have tried everything you could mention, all
to no purpose, till I heard of PARR', wonderfnl LIFE PILLS,
and a friend of mine desired met) try them, which I did. I bought
them of Mr. Nelson, and lam happy to say that a box of them has
completely restored me.

" If this will do anything t• help your efforts you can make
use of it. " I remain yours, respectfully,
• ' • " JAMES SMITH."
From Mr. MENRY B os.RBER, Druggist, Knutsford.
" To the Proprietors of Parr's Life Pills.
" GENTLZMEN,—I forward you a case below, which Mr. T. CASH
wishes to have published ; he speaks wonderfully of PARR'S
PILLS, and fieels assured they have been the means of saving his
life. We have also additional testimonials from respectable farmers
is this neighbourhood.
" DEAR have been for the last two years dreadfully
afflicted with a cough and pain in the chest, so that I eould scarcely
eat the least portion of food without causing great pain in my
chest, and shortness of breath, with a violent cough, not being able
to lie down for nine months; having had the advice of several
medical nin, without deriving any benefit, I was advised by a
friend to try PARR'S PILLS, but having tried so many patent
medicines, I thought I might as well throw my money away. I
began to think nothing would cure me ; I was fast wasting away
with a violent pain in my head ; at last my friend got me a box
from your shop, and advised me to try them, so I tried them, being
so strongly recommended, according to the direction, and before I
had taken one box, I found so much relief that I tried another,
and am new happy to say I am as well as ever I was in my life, and
shall always have a few doses by me, for they are wonderful.
(Signed) " THOMAS CASH.
• Witness—John Thorpe."

" Mr. PARRY has been afflicted with sore eyes for twelve
years, and has tried everything he could hear of without the least
oenetit, but since taking two boxes of PARR'S PIL 14S, his eyes
are quite well, and have been for some time.

" Mrs. SMITH has bees troubled with a pain in her bead for
many years, has had the most respectable medical advice, without
receiving any benefit ; is quite recovered since she has taken throe
boles of PARRS PILLS, which are worth a sovereign a box to
persons troubled with a sick headache; I shall always have a
supply by me.

" These cases I have selected from a number of others, and can
rely upon them as being correct. I shall feel great pleasure in
giving every information to any person who may favour me with
acall. " I am, Gentlemen, your obedient servant,
" Knutsford, June SO, 184'2." " HENRY BARBER, Druggist."

From Mr. J. L. L. WOODWARD, Chemist, Bridgewater.

" GENTLKMEN,--1f the enclosed lettor is of service, you ere at
full liberty to publish it, the man seems rather to wish for the
publication of his case.

" I am, Gentlemen, yours obediently,

"J. L. WOODWARD, Chemist,
"To the Proprietors of Parr's Life Pills.
" GENTLEMEN,—The benefit I have received by the use of OLD
PARR'S PILLS, induces me, out of gratitude to the Proprietors,
and a wish to be of use to the whole world, to add another testi.
motilel to the numbers you have already received. For the last
two years I have been labouring under a complication of disorders
in soy head and stomach. I think I may venture to say I have not
bad an hour's cessation of pain during the time. My sense of
smelling was entirely gone, and the most agreeable perfume or the
most intolerant stench were equally indifferent to me. I have had
the advice of several surgeons and medical men, both in this
town and others, but without the least benefit, and I
had dispaired of ever again regaining my health, in
fact my life was becoming burdensome to me, until
I fortunately heard of the many cures which your valuable Pills
had effected. I purchased a box of Mr. Woodwari, druggist, and
before I had taken the whole I was completely cured, and have
never experienced the slightest symptoms of its return. I have
recommended them, and shall do so, as I feel I cannot do sufficient
for the benefit I have recoived.-1 am, Gentlemen, your obliged
and grateiul servant, " YIENRY NASIJ.
"Bridgewater, June 13, 1842,"
From Mr. GEORGE WILLIAMS, Stourport.
" To the Proprietors of Parr's Life Pills.

" CENTLBMEN,—When I was appointed your agent for the sale
of PARR'S PILLS, I did not anticipate a large sale for them,
there being so many kinds of Pills already before the public; but
I am happy to inform you that I have sold nearly 1,000 boxes, and
require a fresh supply. Numerous are the cases of relief being
atlhrded in rheumatic, asthmatic, and liver complaints, sick head-
ache, coughs, colds, and diseases of the stomach and digestive
organs, by taking these pills. Medicine which produces so much
good to the human frame, and helps to prolong life, should be uni-
versally recommended. Send me one gross by the earliest eon-
veyance.—l am, Gentlemen, your obedient servant,

"GEoltoe WILLIAMS.

"Stourport, March 5, 1842."
From Mr. S. SMEDLEY, Borlseller, Sleaford.
" Sleaforti, June Ist, 1842.

"To Messrs. T. Roberts and Co.

"GENTLEMEN,— I beg to announce to you (and it is a duty I
owe the public), that the demand for PARR'S LIFE PILLS con-
tinues to increase daily, and why I, let the following case amongst
many others testify :—JOHN GREEN of this place has for many
years been afflicted with an asthma of the most painful kind, for
which he has had the advice of as many medical men as there are
pills in one of your boxes, but, after taking, at stated periods, only
three boxes of PARR'S PILLS, he declared to me this morning,
that now he could sleep from nine o'clock at night till seven in the
morning, although for the last two years he had never laid down iu
bed, but was obliged to be prepped up with pillows to enable him to
breathe at all.---I am, Gentlemen, your's respectfully,
" S. SMEDLEY, Bookseller,Bic."
From Mr. THOMAS GOODS, Congleton.
" Congleton, July 12th,1842,
_

"GENTLEUEN,—At the request of Mrs. Ellen Frost, of this
pla ce,l beg to hand you the accompanying testimonial for publication
" I believe she has received infinite benefit from taking PARR'S
LIFE PILLS, and is anxious that others suffering from similar
disease should be induced to avail themselves of the same means of
recovery."-1 am, your most obedient servant,

"THOMAS fIOODE.

`To the Proprietors of Parr'd Life Pills.

" Ontinsmon-1 beg to tender my warmest thanks for the great
benefit I have derived from your invaluable medicine. 1 had
for nearly two years been in a state •f consumption, and was under
the care of several eminent medical men, but could obtain no re-
lief. After taking three small boxes of your celebrated pills, I ant
happy to say I am completely restored to Lealtb, and am now fol-
lowing my usial employment. I beg you will make this acknow-
ledgment public for the benefit of others similarly afflicted. I shal
be happy to answer inquiries, either made personally or by letter
(post paid).-1 am, Gentlemen, ysurs respectfully,
"Witness—JAMES FTIOS'I. " ELLEN FROST.
"July 11th, 1842."
CAUTION—BEWARE OF IMITATIONS.
In order to protect the public from imitations, the Hon. Com-
missioners of Stamps have ordered the words " PARR'S LIFE
PILL 6 " to be engraved on the Government Stamp, which is
pasted round the sides of each box, in white letters on a red
ground. 'Without this mark of authenticity, they are spurious.
Sole Proprietors, I'. Roberts and Co., 9, Crane.court, Fleet-
street, Lando r ;and sold wholesale, by their appointment, by E.
Edwards, 67, St Paul's Churchyard, also by Barclays and Sons,
Farringdotr.street ; and Sutton and Co., Bow Churchyard; anti
retail by at least one agent in every town in the United Kingdom,
and by rno►t of the respectable dealers in medicine. Price Is. lid.,
2s. 9d., and family boxes I Is. well. Full directions are given
with each box.
GRATIS.—" The Life and Times of Old Parr," wh• Uved to
be 152 years of age, 12 pages, with tine engravings, anecdotes,
poetry, &c., and Remarks on Disease, Health, and the Means of
Prolonging Life, may be had Gratis of all Agents for the sale of
P 1 RR 'S LIFF. PILLS

REDGE'S 11EAL-ALL, or celebrated Em-
brocation, has long been known throughout the \Vest of
England, as the most efficacious Remedy for Rheumatism, Lumbago,
Pains in the Limbs and Numbness, Sciatic and Paralytic Affections,
Face-ache, Sprains and Bruises, Burns and Scalds, Spasmiand Cramp,
Stiffness of the Joints or Neck, Frozen Limbs, Chilblains.before they
are broken. It is likewise an infallible cure for that dangerous dis-
order the Quinsey or Sore Throat, in which it was never known to
fail after a few hours' application.
Observe—That none can be Genuine unless the Stamp affixed to
each bottle contains the name and address of Barclay and sons, No.
95, Farringdon-street. who have purchased the Property in this valu-
able article from the Executors of the Inventor, W illiam Dredge, late
of Wishford, Wilts. Retail price, Is. IV. and rls. 9d. per bottle;
and sold retail, by all respectable Medicine Vent'iers in Town and
Country.

NV IL SON'S SCOTTISH ENTERTAIN-
MENTS.
MUSIC- H A LL, STORE-STREET, BEDFORD-
SQUARE.
THIS EVENING, January 8, at Eight o'Clock.
ANITHER NICHT Wl' LURNS.
SONGS.
PART I.—Here awa, there awa, Wandering Willie-0
whistle, and I'll come to ye, my lad—Mary Morison—Last May
a brew wooer cam' down the lang glen-0 this is no my ain
lassie—Green grow the rashes, 0.
PART IL—There was a lass, and she was fair—My tocher's
the jewel-0 poortith cauld—The Battle o' Sherramuir—Wilt
thou be my dearie ?—Husband, husband, cease your strife—
Here around the Ingle bleezing. Mr. Wilson will recite Tani
o' Shanter.

Pianoforte, Mr. LAND.

Front Seats, 2s. 6d. ; Back Seats, 2s. ; Private Boxes for Six,
15s. ; for Eight, IL
Programmes and Tickets may be had at the Music-shops,
and at the Music-hall.

TO THE PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
AVACANCY in the East India Direction having
taken place by the lamented decease of William Stanley
Clarke, Esq., permit me to inform you that it is my inten-
tion again to proceed to the Ballot as intimated in my last
address to you of the 9th June, 1842.
The great accession that I have received to my supporters,
and the kind assurances.of-Tiowerful aid from numerourpartier
released from their engagements by the election of the. Bth
June, 1842, inspire me with the fullest confidence in the suc-
cessful result of the approaching contest, and I earnestly and
respectfully 931iCit the favour of the votes and influence of
those Proprietors who have not already declared their intentions.
When the day of election is announced by the Honourable
Court, I shall do myself the pleasure of forwarding the usual
power of attorney to such of my kind supporters as shall prefer
voting by proxy, and in the meantime request the favour of
communications as early as possible, intimating their wishes in
that particular, and informing me of any change of residence,
either permanent or temporary, in order to facilitate the trans-
mission of letters. •
I have the honour to be, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Your faithful servant,
JOHN CLARMONT WHITEMAN.
London Tavern, Jan. I, 1844.
Mr..Whiteman's Committee sit daily at the London Tavern,
Bishopsgate-street.

LONDON and ST. KATHARINE DOCKS
MOTEL, COFFEEHOUSE, and DINING-ROOMS,
opposite to the entrance to St. Katharine Docks, on the line of
road leading from the Royal Mint to the London Docks.
The above Establishment is NOW OPEN. None other
than the very best articles to be obtained will be sold in any of
the departments, and at such low prices as must secure from a
discerning public extensive .patronage. The decorations are in
the Parisian style, and the accommodation is of the first order,
being well adapted to secure personal comfort to all who may
honour this establishment with their support. Foreigners and
families arriving from abroad, gentlemen engaged in the Docks,
her .Majesty's Mint, Royal Tower, Trinity-house, and all others
having business at the Docks, or at the Wharfs on the river
side, are most respectfully invited to inspect this Establishment,
which will be conducted in such a manner as to secure, by its
commanding position, civility, promptitude, and low rates of
prices, an extensive trade.

RATE OF PRICE:S IN THE TWO DINING-ROONIS

ON THE GROUND FLOOR..—Soups and bread, 6d. to 9d. ; roast and boiled meats, small
plates tid., large plate, 9d. ; cod fish, sole, &c., Is. each; pie
or pudding, 4d. ; bread, Id. ; potatoes, Id. ; cheese, Id. Su-
perior coffee or tea, 3d. per cup ; muffin, roll, or toast, Id. ;
pattie finest butter, 11%d. Reid and Co.'s superior porter, !d.
per pint ; wines and spirits of superior excellence on moderate
tetms. Ham or beef sandwich, with glass of strong old, mild,
or India ale, or extra double stout, 4d. ; do,, with glass of good
wine, tid. ; do., with glass of choicest rnadeira, sherry, or
port, Bd.

IVORY TABLE KNIVES, 115, pee doz.
DESSERT, 9s. ; CARVERS, 3s. 64. per pair.
TABLE. DESSERT. CARVERS.
doz. doz. pair.
Bi-in handsome balance handle 18s. Ud. 14s. od. 6s. 6d.
4-in balance handle, largest and
best made
Do. with Watson's Albata Plate
handles, equal to silver 22 6 18 0 6 6
Forks half the price of the above.
These houses have for Fifty years ranked pre-eminent for
their Cutlery, which is always exchanged, if not approved.
Fruit Dessert Knives of Watson's new Albata Plate, with
French Forks and Ivory Handles, 2/. bs. per set of 24 pieces ;
do. with Carved Ivory Handless, or with Albata Plate Handles
and Blades, Albert Pattern, 2/. 10s. per set of 24 pieces.
C. Watson's New Albata Plate possesses the following su-
periority over all other mixed metals :—A perfect sweetness
and purity, a rich and silvery appearance, and great durability.
Strong Tea-pots for Six Persons, 245. each ; Cruet Frames,
with four richly cut bottles, 225. each ; and is manufactured
into every other article for the table and sideboard. Papier
Mache Tea-trays, 355. a set of three up to Ten Guineas.

PUBLICATIONS.

THE EMANCIPATION OF INDUSTRY.
This Day are Published,
TIZACTS ON THE EMANCIPATION OF
INDUSTRY.
NO. 1.-1. PROPOSITIONS CONCERNING the CAUSE and
REMEDY of the PRESENT DISTRESS.-2. PRINCIPLES
of a SOCIETY for the EMANCIPATION of INDUSTRY.-
3. REMARKS on Sir ROBERT PEEL'S LETTER to the
CHAMBER of COMMERCE, BIRMINGHAM. Price One
Penny, or ss. per 100.
NO. IL—The CASE of the INDUSTRIOUS CLASSES BRIEFLY
STATED. Price One Penny, or ss. per 100.
NOS. 111. and IV.—NOT OVER-PRODUCTION, but IMPER-
FECT DISTRIBUTION, the CAUSE of the DISTRESS.
No. 111., Price One Penny,or ss. per 1S0; Ne. IV., Price Two.
pence, or 10s. per lOU.
" Something is wrong in the channel of distribution."—Morn.
ing Post. Also,
THE MINISTER MISTAKEN ; or, THE
QUESTION of DEPRECIATION ERRONEOUSLY
STATED by Mr. HUSKISSON. Price One Shilling.
" Our forefathers, who sought comfort in proverb', used to say,
when the people's tale of bricksi a doubled, Moses is at hand."—
Niebuhr.
THE MONETARY POLICY of ENGLAND
and AMERICA. Price One Shilling.
" It is necessary your gold should be coined,and have the King's
stamp upon i ,to secure men in receiving it, that there is so much
gold in each piece. But it Is not necessary that it should have a
fixed value set on it by public nuthority."—Locke.
NATION in a DILEMMA ; •r WHICH
SHALL WE ALTER? „THE CURRENCY OR THE
MODE OF TAXATION ? By the Author of " The Currency
Question in a Nutshell." Price Fourpence.
0 TRUST N NO TRADE.—THE CAUSE of
NATIONAL DISTRESS POINTED OUT, and a
PROMPT and BFFECTIf AL REMEDY gUGGESTED. Price
Twopence.
CURRENCT EXPLAINED;
in Refutation of the Last Fallacy of the " Times," Nov.
8, 1643. By VERUS. Price One Shilling.
London : Samuel Clarke, 13, Pall-Mall East, and to be had (by
order) of any Bookseller in town or country.

Nex week will be published, in 3 vols., post
T E HERETIC.
Translated from the Russian.

By THOMAS B. SHAW, of Cambridge,
Adjunct Professor of English Literature in the Imperial
Lyceum of Tsarskoe Selo.
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.

REBELLION IN IRELAND in 1798. Part
1., price Is. By W. H. MAXWELL, Author of
" Life of ie Duke of Wellington," &c., &c., with Two beauti-
ful Illustrations on Steel, by George Cruikshank.
In preparing his History for publication, the author's least
dependence has been placed on works already given to the
world. To peculiar circumstances he has been indebted for ex-
tensive information, oral and documentary; the first, from men
who had acted no second parts in these momentous scenes; the
last, from the papers of a leader long since deceased, Leing pri-
vate details hitherto withheld from the world, curious in their
disclosures, and invaluable from their undoubted authenticity.
Also, by the same Author,
WANDERINGS in the HIGHLANDS and ISLANDS,
with Sketches taken upon the Scottish Border ; being a Sequel
to " Wild Sports in the West."
-London : A. H. Bailey and Co., Cornhill ; and all Booksel-
lers and Newsmen.

12is day is Published,
BRITISH AND FOREIGN REVIEW,
No. XXXII. CONTENTS
1. Critics and Criticism in France.
t. Arnold's Lectures—The Church and State.
3. The Musical Antiquarian Society.
4. The Principles of Tariffs applied.
5. Secret Policy of Louis XIV.
6. The Oxford Controversy—Anglo-Catholicism.
7. The Oregon Territory.
8. Laing's Notes of a Traveller.
9. Ireland—Repeal of the Union.
10. Neste on the Law of Debtor and Cresliter.
11. Postscript on the Oregon Territory Question—The
President's Message.
London : R. and J. E. Taylor, Red Lion-court, Fleet-street.

Just published, price One Shilling,
CURRENCY EXPLAINED, in REFUTA-
V} TION of the LAST FALLACY of the" TIMES."
13y VERUS.
Samuel Clarke, 13, Pall-mall East ; and Cowie, Jolland,
and Co., 31, Poultry.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS
FRuM THE MORNING PAPERS OF Tins DAY.
TIMES.—The League may now boast of another contri-
butor to its funds in the person of the Marquis of Westminster,
whose letter to Mr. Wi!sm appeared in our columns last
Satur,lay. By itself, and in itself, this is an unimi,ortant fact.
The Noble Marquis's opinion is, perhaps, worth no more—
except so far as it is accompanied by more substantial signs of
conviction—than that of any other honest man. The Marquis
of Westminster deems the present corn-laws to be very inju-
rious to the interests of the country, and he gives his 5001. to
get rid of them. His opinion, therefore, individually and sepa-
rately considered, is only more valuable than that of John
Smith or Thomas Brown, because 5001. is a larger sum than
1001., and far larger than 5/. Had the Marquis of Westmin-
ster been the only peer who professed himself a friend to the
League, and evinced his friendship by the amount of his sub-
scription, it might reasonably have been said, " Lord Westmin-
ster is only one; he may entertain any opinions he likes; but
his sentiments are neither reasons nor criteria ; they prove
nothing; nay, his disinterestedness is questionable; lie is a
great proprietor of land; but he is still greater as a proprietor
of houses ; and it is notoriously calculated upon by many as
certain that the repeal of the corn-laws will raise the rent
of houses." This might have been said ; but now it can-
not. The Marquis of Westminster has only done what
Lords Spencer, Ducie, Fitzwilliam, and Radnor, have done
before him. He has brought the League into close connexion
with every rank of the Peerage but the very highest. The
adherence of five or six Peers of the most extensive possessions
in the kingdom proves not only their hearty opposition to the
sliding-scale, but also their confidence in the integrity, and
their fearlessness of the projects, of those who are now con-
ducting the free trade movement. Or, if it be contended that
it does not prove an implicit confidence in the moderation of
their new associates, it at any rate demonstrates their convic-
tion that it is their interest to mitigate by coalition, and temper
by conciliation, the feelings of a party which is too numerous
to be overcome by opposition, too confident to be intimidated
by menace. If they have taken this view of their position, we
consider that they have thought right, and acted wisely. It is
easy to dilute the strength against which it would be dangerous
to contend. At the same time we would guard these Noble
Lords and their adherents against the ready credulity which
believes, or affects to believe, that the repeal of the corn-laws
will give a general and perpetual impetus to trade and manu-
factures ; that it will increase the capital of the wealthy
and the occupation of the industrious ; that it will in-
undate the kingdom with a stream of affluence, spreading
over the country in a thousand subsidiary channels, im-
parting to agriculture the bristling energy of the loons,
and to manufactures the healthy vitality of agriculture.
This will not be so. The present corn-law is the
consumptive remnant of a silly and noxious enactment. Its
evils are in themselves not few, but when compared those
of its predecessors, neither numerous nor oppressive. Still the
substitution of a fixed duty would free commerce of its shackles,
and is therefore a desirable measure. The utter annihilation
of all duties would do very little mere, and would deprive the
Treasury of a certain income, and is therefore not desirable.
When Lord Westminster expects " that such would be the
prosperity of all classes from the abolition of this impost, that
in a very short time the general wealth would be so far aug-
mented, that the national revenue would outrun the amount of
any duty that has been proposed," we fear that his Lordship
has grievously mistaken and grossly overstated the advantages
of any change in our commercial polity. We suspect that
Lord Westminster must have doubted the efficacy of his panacea
the moment after he penned the last quoted sentence ; for he
concludes his letter by expressing a hope that the League will
persevere in its endeavours " until it has obtained from Go-
vernment the fullest measure of free trade compatible with the
maintenance of public credit." Yes, my Lord, public credit
must be maintained. If it be not, no one class of the com-
munity can retain either comfort, or wealth, or safety. Im-
press this on the minds of your followers. Tell them that
bread may be nominally cheap, and yet millions starve ; that
public faith once violated, private honour and individual credit
perish immediately ; that a reduction of taxes on one article
will only stimulate demands for reduction on others ; until by
feeble concessions to reiterated clamours, the national revenue
is exhausted, the capital of the speculator depreciated, and the
mechanic defrauded of his just wages ; and in the end, amid
the competition of poor men for money, and of moneyed men
for investmeet, quackery panders to the appetite of knavery by
the suggestion of remedies which folly only could adopt, for the
cure of evils which timely wisdom might have prevented.
HERALD.—The commentators on the quarterly account
of the revenue have taken too little notice of one part of the
case,—namely, the estimated loss distinctly declared by Sir
Robert Peel to be inevitable, on the various reductions made
by him in the new tariff and other departments, in his budget
of March, 1842. These he thus stated :—" The reduction in
the 750 articles named in the tariff will entail a loss of 270,000/.
The loss consequent on the reduction of the duty on coffee will
be 170,000/. ; the loss on timber will be 600,000/. ; the loss
arising from the repeal of the export duties on articles of Bri-
tish manufacture will be 100,000/. ; the loss on the duties on
stage-coaches will be 70,0001.: total, 1,210,000/." And,
after snaking all these reductions, Sir Robert concluded by
only reckoning, even with the income-tax, on a surplus of
520,0001., whereas, in last Friday's Gazette, we are happy to
perceive one of those brief but wholesome little notices so long
lost sight of under the management of Whig linanciers—to wit,
The Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury, hav-
ing certified to the Commissioners for the reduction of the
National Debt, that the actual surplus revenue of the
United Kingdom, for the year ending the 10th of Octo-
ber, 1843, amounted to the sum of 908,5411. 9s.
9d., the Commissioners kb hereby give notice," and so
on, of the purchase of stock, in the ensuing quarter,
to the amount of 227,135/., being one-fourth of the same.
We have, then, now fairly get back into the " old Tory times"
of a surplus revenue really applied to the redemption of d, lit.
True, the surplus is not yet very large, but it is larger
than Sir Robert Peel's calculation ; and it is one of the felici-
ties of a surplus revenue, whether in public or private hands,
that it has a great tendency to grow. Another circumstance
in the case which seems worthy of remark is this—it was
prognosticated, and with some show of reason, that a consider-
able proportion of the payers of the income-tax would strive to
save that tax by reductions in their general expenditure, and
that thus the real proceeds cf the new tax w ould be set off and
balanced by the losses on the old ones. But this seems not to
have been the case, or at least the diminution thus caused has
been more than counterbalanced by a title of increase. In the
last two years the total produce of the Customs and Excise
has been as follows :-
184') £30,482,614
1843
showing that the enormous sum of 5,2-19,2601. has been raised
by the new tax, without pulling down the produce of the Cus-
toms and Excise one farthing. There can be no doubt that
the eyes of the people will now be directed towards the ter-
mination of the income-tax, which, in due course, should ar-
rive, we believe, in the course of 1845. The Government, on
the other hand, will have a natural wish, if the public voice
would but permit it, to maintain a tax so simple, so easily
raised, and so very productive. Besides, as no annual surplus
of five millions can at present be looked for, the question will
be, if so large a tax be wholly remitted, what other impost
can be devised for supplying the deficiency which the loss of
the income-tax would create. Doubtless the most popular
course that the Government could take would be the main-
tenance of the income-tax, but dropping " Schedule D," the
levy on the profits of trades and professions. This, assuredly,
would be a most popular stet)! But we cannot say that it
would be just. Sir Benjamin Brodie, or Sir W. Follett, would
be exempted, because their large incomes arise from " proles-
aims ;" while the poor widow, with her six children, living on
a poor 1501, a year in the funds, would be still subject to the
tax. This could hardly be defended. Yet, on the whole, we
repeat, the continuance of the tax on real property, and the
remission of it on the profits of trade, would be a highly po-
pular measure. The Government will probably reserve its
decision on this point until the opening of the session of IMS.
But its words and movements will be carefully wat ch toe
what indications can be gathered of its disposition and inci-
pient intentions.
ADVERTISER.—The Government has always at its com-
mand a mode of suppressing the League. It has only to
liberate commerce from the shackles which so ingloriously
enthral it, and the occupation of the League is for ever gone.
It is not the League, but the causes which produced its ex-
istence, with which in reality the Government has to contend.
The League is but the outward expression of that, which, for
all its extinction, would still exist inwardly, until the cause
be removed. The League is but the form—the body of a
national necessity ; the aplrit is that cf a whole people demand-
ing a sufficient and generous supply of food. Abolish the
laws which go to prohibit sufficient sustenance to the people,
and the League on the instant becomes extinct; it falls through
a self-inevitability. The folly of having at the League, is
that of having against a people, who will not consent passively
to be starved to death—of abusing a whole nation, because it
will not continue to bend its head quietly to oligarchical and
savage laws. And at this time of day, what excuse remains
for not abolishing those injurious laws? The good of their
destruction ; has it not been tried? The tariff, the infinitesi-
mal experiment of Sir Robert Peel, is a measure proving, in
fact, the validity of the principles tending towards commer-
cial emancipation. If the revenue shows returns less em-
barrassed than formerly, it is owing to that tariff. If
there has been more bought and sold in the country since
the date of its enactment, it is as evidently owing to
the same cause. If the prosperity of the country is or the
rise, it is owing to no circumstance but one—the amend-
ment of our Customs Acts. But why does not Sir Robert
Peel take warning from the fact, and enlarge the bounds of his
reductions in the tariff? Treaties are useless. Even if they
could be contracted, they are useless ; but they cannot even be
negotiated, so there is an end to them. England i the coun-
try' which should set an example to other countries, to buy arel
sell as its wants demand. The Times talks now of commerce
that is free, but always with this reservation, that we leave it
to ourselves to decide with whom we shall reciprocate commer-
cial licenses. To-morrow it will be different. 10-morrow, when
opinion shall be a little more pushed forward, the limes will
be among the first to own, that it is nonsense this etiquette of
standing upon reciprocity. The Times has never the honour
of expressing an opinion in advance. Its pride is to tally with
the thoughts of the many of the moment. It never says an
idea in anticipation. It is content if it establish popularity by
giving expression to the sentiment of the interested herd. On
the subject of the corn-laws, with all its boasted consistency, it
must be evident to its readers, now going on the sliding-scale
principle itself, it has approached the advocacy of greater free•
dom in proportion as the public call for the same has become irre-
sistible. The Tinges only requires the Premier to come down with
some substantial and large measure of commercial reform, to
turn against, with its loudest denunciation, not only the sliding
scale, but likewise fixed duty. The Times has no honour, or
thus it could not consent to become the pander to the were
brute opinions of ignorance. If it were as great as it is power-
ful, it would lend its instrumentality to enlighten the age, not
to maintain men in their false notions. But the Prime Minister,
seeing the working of his own most partial act of commercial
reform, why does he, or, when the moment comes, can he
hesitate to carry further the principle y We repeat, it is by
this way he will abolish the League, if he be opposed, as his
Cabinet undoubtedly is, to that Association. If any man living
knows, Sir Robert Peel does, that the League owes its existence
to the state of public opinion. It is public opinion which sus-
tains the Leagne, just the same as in, turn the League goes to
create public Disinters, The vestion then that presents itself
to be solved in the next session is, cite o Brito Cabinet resist
and oppose the united opinion of a whole nation* This is the
straightforward question that comes to be considered. The
League is nothing more than the expression of a universally
044343;0W aoettipe desire, sentiment, and belief. Would
•
- • -

the Government oppose this universal sentiment, and is it
strong enough to do so if it wish ? '1 he thing is to lie seen.
In the next few weeks the point will he tried t nil determined,
whether a League in favour of, and supported by the people, or
a Government opposed to them, is to tr.umpli ?
POST.—The speeches delivered at the Colehes:cr meeting
by Essex farmers are deserving of deep attention. These
speeches are characterised not only by great ability—they are
pervaded, moreover, by a truly patriutic si ir;t—by that feeling
of attachment to country which is so little in ace irilance with
the " philosophy "of modern times. The movement in fa-
vour of the policy of protection, which Essex has had the ho-
nour of originating, is net merely of great value in itself—it
will, moreover, generate and diffuse very extensively sounder
and juster views than now prevail as to trig nature of our social
difficulties and dangers. The farmers of Essex tel that they
are exposed to imminent danger. They know that in the suc-
cess of the League is involved the utter ruin of English agri-
culture. They know that the cow se of our industrial leois-
lation has, for years past, been in a wrong di, eetitai ; but, able
as their speeches at Colchester were—searching its were their
expositions of the wrongs inflicted on English producers—the far-
mers of Essex did not advert to the most alarming- peculiarity
in their position. Why have the farmet s of Essex found it ne-
cessary to hold public meetings in order to viitlicate their
claim to legislative protection? Because, it missy be answered,
the League is in the field—and because Ministers arc assertors
of League principles. This is, undoubtedly, in a certain
sense, the cause of these Essex demonstrations. Still, why
should farmers appear in the hitherto untried character of
agitators? Have they no public champions—no political re-
presentatives? Yes; in the House of Commons the farmers
of Great Britain possess, nominally, a majoi ity of not less
than one hundred ! Yet, despite this overwhelming majority
(would it were other than a nominal one !), the farmers of
Essex and of other counties are compelled to come forward,
and in their own persons to vindicate their just rights. The
farmers of Essex are deierving of all honour for their conduct ;
but in exact proportion to the merit of the Essex farmers, must
be admitted to be the demerit of all the Hollow f. far-
mers' friends" with whom the House /if Coli:sums
abounds. These Essex meetings are meetings rel:idered
necessary by the progress of the League ; but they
constitute, at the same time, virtually votes of .censure
on those trimmers and traitors by whom the present efforts of
the honest yeomanry of England to protect themselves have
be en rendered necessary.
tiiihowdnhysal—toaefdwaoßlCuri.eloi:tiu,:rs);aytvaaekeb.i
eeplacenMembertur
isatitt:ts:ercietuerh)sestilahloal;sik..r
pidtluatcbeye,
hitonhveoestmh
other
her temingal
Chelms-
ford and at Colchester—the meetings which are ab ,ut to take
skawetth
sternly at all the forms of danger by which they are sur-
rounded. They have much to fear from the desperate s.dfish-
riess and energy of the Leanse. They have much to fear from
the affection which Ministers profess for " the principles of
common sense." But British agricu turists have more to fear
from the cowardice and imbecility of their " friends" in the House
of Commons, than from any other cause. Let agriculturists
out of doors, however, be true to themselves—and they will
triumph over false friends, as well as over all classes of
Leaguers. In Northamptonshire, a large body of most re-
spectable farmers have published an athlri st its which they
justify their secession from an agricultural society, of which the
Leaguer, Lord Spencer, is President. The movement is a
manly and most wise one. Let the principle which animates
these honest Northamptonshire fat mere be acted nu universally
—and the cause of native industry will soon be triumphant. It
is incumbent on farmers, if they would save themselves from
ruin, to refuse to act in concert with men like Earl Spencer ;
but if it be incumbent on farmers to repudiate such
Presidents of agricultural societies, how much more
incumbent is it on farmers to lepudiate such Par-
liamentary representatives as those who have lent
themselves to the free trade policy of the last two sessions of
Parliament? These are not times for the exhibition of false
delicacy. The supporters of the 'I ariff and the Canada Corn
Bill have approved themselves the English farmers enemies,
and should be rejected by all agriculturists, as Lord Spencer
has been rejected by the farmers of Northamptonshire. The
farmers of Essex are rapidly collecting funds it ith the view of
doing battle with the League. May good fortune attend their
efforts ! Bnt the League, if it is to be rffectually grappled
with, must be grappled with in the House of Commons as well
as out of doors; and in the House of Commons tors is to be
found no agricultural representative c anpetent to defend the
rights of native industry against the assaults of Cobden ant his
fellow-conspirators. Until men qualified to " do battle" with
the League are placed in Parliament, all the efforts of agri-
culturists out of doors will avail little. Let the worthy yeo-
men of Essex, and Northamptonshire, and Lincolnshire 'solider
this .‘ great fact ;" arid let them resolve, as soon as possible
to turn it to fitting uses I Meanwhile, let farmers persevere
in their new course of agitation; they will soon find their in-
terests more strongly fortified than they have been for the last
two years!