The Sun.
London, England, 1844-12-26 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHAR(E.

Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway is the shortest route from London
and the whole of England to Dumfries, Kirkcudbright, Port.
Patrick, for the north of Ireland, Kilmarnock, and Ayr; and
that, allowing fur the superiority of its gradients over those of the
Caledonian Line, on the principles of comparison established by the
Royal Commissioners in their Report of I F 441, it afthrds the shortest
communication, in point of speed and economy, with Paisley and
Greenock. The only disadvantage, in point of distance, is in the
case of Glasgow; in regard to which, however, on the principles
laid down in the Commissioners' Report, the difference between the
two lines is reduced to 13 miles, or less than half an hour in
point of time.

Thirdly.—The sections of the Caledonianond Glasgow, Dumfries,
and Carlisle Linos, not having been deposited, it is impossible
as yet to speak accurately on the subject of gradients. It is quite
certain, however, that the gradients of the farmer will be inferior
to these of the latter. The folowing are quotations from a report
made on the comparative merits of the two lines by Mr.
Locke, the engineer of the Caledonian Railway, in 1030. In
speaking of what is new called the Caledonian Line, he says, " I at
first directed sty attention to this route, which, as far as Beattock.
bridge, near Moffat, I found tolerably favourable ; in proceeding
farther, however, the valley for several miles rises very rapidly, until
reaching the summit near Elvanfoot, where it attains the height of
nearly 1,000 feet above the level of the sea—Beattock-bridge,
which is only 10 miles distant, being only about 306 feet above the
level of the sea. In 10 miles, then, the rise is nearly 700 test,
which, supposing it to be uniform the whole way, would give an
inclination of 1 in 75.* Net wishing to recommend a line having
such a plane," &c. Eut in speaking of the line by Dumfries, Mr.
Locke says—" Of the levels of this route, I may say, that from
Carlisle to Dumfries, about thirty miles, the only inclinations will
be these which it may be desirable to encounter for the purpose of
saving money, those two towns being nearly on the same level.
With the exception of the bridges RCM's the Rivers Eden, Esk,
Sark, and Annan, which will neither be high nor very long, ne
very considerable outlay will be required. The ground in some
parts is undulating, but not so as to render the formation of the
road either difficult or expensive." And again, with reference to
the portion of the line between Dumfries and Thornhill, he says
—4' The levels in this part extending over a space of almost forty
miles,t will be nearly uniform, and gradually ascending for the
a hole distance ; and with the exception of a short length of about
11 miles, about I in 130, I do not believe there will be a greater
inclination than what is generally admitted in forming railways in
England." And, in regard to the rest of the line, he says, that
" although undulating, the read will not, I should think, be unfa-
vourable for locomotive engines."

Fourthly.—Th• population of the parishes intersected by the
Caledonian Railway, from the 1) int where It leaves the route of the
Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway at Gretna, to the point
where the branches diverge at Lanark, a distance of about sixty.
eve miles, is,
Caledonian Line

While the population en your line, between the sane point

and 11:ilrnarnock, i• .

Difference 52,491

The population of the parishes on the two branches leading to
Edinburgh and Glasgow respectively, including those on the Clydes-
dale Junction Line, as contrasted with the population of the parishes
which lie up the West of Scotland Railways, at present terminating
at Kilmarnock, and their proposed branches (excluding, however,
in both cases, the cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow, which would
be alike accommodated by the two schemes), would be,

Caledonian Branches 125,268
Wost of Scotland Railways 202,544

Difference

The total population on the Caledonian Line, and on t►e Glaa.
gow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, and Edinburgh, Hawick, and Carlisle
Lines (excluding, as before, tke cities of Edinburgh and Glasgow,
and that part of the line south of Gretna common to both), is,
_ .

On Caledonian Railway .

On Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Rai1way,:2113,230 t
On Hawick Line

Difference...
The particulars of each of these calculations are annexed t•
:his Report, so that there nay be no possibility •f doubt on the

subject.

Fifthly.—With regard to traffic, your Committee are Now enabled
:e speak with more confidence, in consequeace of having, sines the

date of their Prospectus, taken measures to ascertain its amount

accurately, both on your own anal on the Caledonian Line. The
result is, that upon the line of the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Car-
lisle Railway, the thorough and local traffic, taken together, is suf-
ficient to ensure an adequate return; but this thorough traffic be-
tween Glasgow and England, including, of course, what passes

along the road by Beattock, as well as what passes by the other

great road from Kilmarnock to Carlisle, is quite insufficient to do
so. It amounts to not more than 40 per cent, of the whole trans
which will pass along your line. Were the whole of this trans.
ferred, without competition, to the Caledonian Line, on which the
local traffic is trifling, it would not yield interest on its cost.

Your Committee do not feel any hesitation in speaking of the
small amount of local traffic on the Caledonian Line, because their
statement is confirmed by the recorded opinion of the Royal Com..
nsissioners, already quoted ; and no one who has travelled along
the Beattock-road between Carlisle and Glasgow, by daylight, will
fail to remember that there aro from twenty to thirty MUGS where
the sight of a cottage or a human being is a rarity.
Your Committee are aware that much reliance Is placed by the
Caledonian Company in their prospect of traffic from the north of
Scotland to England, by means of their connexion with the projected
Central Railway from Stirling to Perth. The 'Fable of Comparative
Distances, to which your attention has already been directed, will
enable you to Judie how far this tr,va.„ ;,. —.5.
be, is likely to pass along the Caledonian Line, which is more cir-
cuitous than either the North British or Hawick Lines. But, In
point of fact, the number of persons who travel south from Stirling.
shire or Perthshire, without having occasion to visit FAinburgh and
Glasgow on their way, is extremely small. Indeed, most of yon are
probably already aware, that although there is a direct turnpike,.
read, laid out by the late Mr. Telford, between Carlisle and Stir.
ling, there is not a single stagecoach or puldia conveyance upon it,
and it is deeply in debt.

Os the other hand, with reference to the general prospect of
traffic on your own line, the following passage in the Report of
Mr. Locke, in 1836, may be interesting to you :—" Of the advan-
tage to all the towns in Scotland, through or near to which this line
will pass, no adequate idea can be formed. They exist in the most
favourable part of Scotland, requiring only a cheap means of trans-
port to develope the many resources they possess. Several of these
towns have already grown into some importance; au♦ it should be
an object with the proprietors of the soil, and with the manufac-
turers of the district, to encourage the formation of a road like
the one proposed, se as to extend to them the benefits which it is
capable of affording."
Sixthly.—There are 'various other points in regard to which the
superior advantages offered by the Edinburgh, Ilawick, and Car-
lisle Railway, and the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway,
require only to be briefly indicated. (1.) The former will open
op a connexion between the counties of Berwick, Selkirk, Peebles,
and Roxburgh, and the aorth-west of England, and south.weet of
Scotland. These Scotch counties already combine the highest
state of agricultural improvement, with a growing woollen manu-
facture. (9.) In the neighbourhood of Langholm there are very
rich seams of coal which are at present landlocked, but the produce
of which the Hawick Line trill be the means, not only of bringing
to the coast, but also of carrying farther into the interior, which

is at present suffering ftorn the want of it. (3.) The Dumfries
Line, by giving a communieation Loth from the south and north,
with the seapint of Annan, affords to the whole of that district of
country the means of communication with the best harbour on the
upper put of the Solway Frith. (4.) The Caledonian Line would,
even if a branch were made to Dumfries, afford very inferior ac-
commodation to that town, and to the counties of Kircudbright and
Wigton, from which a large number of cattle are at present sent,
sea and partly by land, to England. (S.) The Caledonian
pLairntely by sea
in like manner, afford a very inferior communication
_ _ . _ _

between the north of England and the north of Ireland, either
_ . .

by way of Pert Patrick or the seaports on the coasts of Ayrshire.
(Lastly.) The Caledonian Railway would place in a less advan-
tageous position the whole population of the counties of Ayr and
Renfrew, which, together, contain 319,498 inhabitants, being
more than twice as many as the whole of Lanarkshire, exclud-
ing Glasgow.
After the details which have new been given you, you will not
be surprised to bear that the Caledonian Railway, while it received
a certain degree of support from the promoters of the Scottish Cen.
tral Railway, is opposed by ahno.t all the ether railway interests in
Scotland, including the Edinburgh and Glasgow, the North itriksfed,
the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr, the Glasgow, Dumfries,
and Carlisle, and the lines extending through Fifeehire to the
north of ficntland.:
Indeed, the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Company have the
strongest interest, and, at the sante time, the strongest Parlia-
mentary grounds for opposing the Caledonian scheme, in come-
quenoe of the two forks of the latter undertaking being so laid out
as to form a competing line for the traffic between Edinburgh and
Glasgow, not more than eight or nine mile. longer than the direct
route, and thus falling tinder the clam of schemes which the Select
Coraraittee of the House of Commons on Railways last session de-
1-winced as intjustinable, being a railway (to use their own words)
" which, if it is to remunerate the proprietors at all, can only
remunerate them by means of the abstraction of traffic, which is
already, for all substantial purposes, equally well accommodated by
some existing railway."
Your Committee regret much the length to which their ob-
servations on the merits of your line, and those with which it has
been placed in competition, have extended. They will endeavour
to condense, into as short a space as possible, the remaining points
which it is essential they should bring before you.
You will recollect that the original rough estimate of the cost of
the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway, was at the rate of
13,000/. per mile. Mr. Miller, your engineer, has not completed
the detailed plans of the works, so as to enable hire to say whether
any reduction can be made upon the estimate, but he assures your
Committee that there is no chance of its being exceeded. The
amount, therefore, which will be required to finish your line, will
be under 1,900,000/. Of this sum above four-fifths have been sub-
scribed and paid on, being more than is required by the Standing
Orders in Parliament to entitle your Bill to pass, even if you apply
for your whole line from Kilmarnock to Carlisle; whilst, if your
Committee shall, on mature consideration, consent to the Glasgow,
Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr Railway Company proceeding with
their Bill, to the effect of taking power to execute the portion of
the Line between Kilmarnock and Cumnock, under an obligation to
convey it or lease it in perpetuity to you, if you desire it, the
amount which has been subscribed will be considerably more than
is required. In these circumstances, your Committee have resolved
not to issue at present any additional shares.
Your Committee have had very satisfactory communications
from most of the proprietors of land along the railway. They have
also received assurances of stipport from many of the Corporations
in the west of Scotland, and particularly from the towns of Dum-
fries and Annals, in which both the magistrates aid inhabitants
have resisted various attempts to draw them off, and have unani.
mousy declared in your favour. The counties of Ayr, Renfrew.
andKircudbright, have also passed resolutions approving of your
line.
Your Committee have thus laid fully before you the details of
the entire scheme of railway communication from England to
Scotland, of which your line forms a part. They feel perfect con-
fidenze in its superiority over each other, as being beet calculated
to promote the interests of Scotland ; and they will proceed quietly
but zealously, with their preparations for the approaching examina.
lion of its merits before the Board of Trade and Parliament.
By order of the Provisional Committee,
Glasgow, Nov. 15, 1844. WM. LOGIE, Interim-See.

* In 1840 Mr. Locke prepared an amended plan, whereby his
gradient of 1 in 75 was to some extent improved, but to aocomplish
this he was obliged to have recourse to severe cutting and banking,
which would, of course, add proportionally to the expense of the
line. _ .

+ The snramit is only 600 feet.
The total population on the line between Glasgow and Car.
isle, by Dumfries, including the termini, is 590,496

BATHS and WASH-HOUSES for the
LABOURING CLASSES.

PRZSIDENT.
Ile BISHOP of LONDON.
TRUSTS'S.
Sir WILLIAM MAGNAY, Bart.
SAMUEL JONES LOYD, Esq.
ABEL SMITH Big., M.P.
ANTHONY DE ROTHSCHILD, Eaq.

COMMITTEE 700 0117B0AL rearosas.
WILLIAM COTTON, Feel , Chairman.
(The Trustees eg of
ROBERT BOWIE, lilsq.
Rev. W. W. CHAX?NEYS
Lord HENRY CHOLMONDELBY
ROBERT DICKSON, Req., M.D.
SAMUEL GURNEY, jos., Esq.
WILLIAM H AWES, Esq.
RICHARD JOHNSON, Esq.
HENRY KINGSCOTB, Bag.
Sir GEORGE LARPENT, Bart.
JOSEPH 8. LZSCHER, Esq.
WILLIAM LOEB, Iraq., M.D.
ROBERT OLDERSHAW, Esq.
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Viscount R AN ELAGH
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Mr. Deputy STEVENS
Lord DUDLEY COUTTS STUART
JOSEPH TOYNSEE, Esq.
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GEORGE FREDERICK YOUNG, Esq.
The Sulyeriptions before advertised amounted to £4,04 10a.
Her Majesty the Queen £2oo 0 0
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Messrs. Baring Brothers
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ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
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GENERAL TOM THUMB.
The AMERICAN MAN in MINIATURE has returned
to London ant is now holding his PUBLIC LEVEE% at the Gal.
lery, in Suftblk.street, Pall-mall. The General has been visiting the
principal towns in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and has met
with unprecedented success. Whilst in Edinburgh the General
was presented with a beautiful Highland dress, of the Royal
Stuart Tartan, manufactured by Messrs. Meyers and Mortimer, in
which he will appear at each exhibition, in addition to his Citizen,
Napoleon, and Court dress. Hours of Exhibition from Eleven to
One, Three to Five, and from Seven to Nine. Doors open half
an hour previous. Admission (regardless of age), One Shilling.
The General's Miniature Equipage will be exhibited daily from
Four to Haltrast Five, and from Eight to Half-past Nine, P.M.
at 12.1, Pall-mall, at the trifling charge of Threepence, merely to
defray the rent of the room.

BRIGHTON and CHICHESTER RAILWAY•
PORTSMOUTH EXTENSION.

Notice is hereby given that the Directors of the Brighton and
Chichester Railway Company will ALLOT the SHARES in the
above undertaking on FRIDAY, tne ‘..'itl. iit.i., and that no applica_
tion for Shares will be received alter Twelve o'clock on that day.
By order, FRED. OTLEY, Secretary.
4, Dean-street, Tooley-street, Dec. 21, 1844.

GOLDEN LION, OLD ESTABLISHED COMMERCIAL and
FAMILY HOTEL. CORNHILL, IPSWICH, SUFFOLK.
JOHN GARROD begs to announce that he his
taken the above Establishment, and respectfully solicits the
patronage and support of Commercial Gentlemen, Families, his
Friends, and the Public.
The house having been enlarged by the erection of a suite of
airy sleeping-rooms, and thoroughly repaired and refitted, and in
every department renovated, the establishment is now replete with
every comfort and accommodation. Extensive and excellent stables,
loose boxes, and lock-up coach-houses.

FOR GOUT, RHEUMATISM, AND RHEUMATIC GOUT
nico's Gorr AND lIIIEUAIA'FIC PILLS
L 3 are a certain and safe remedy they restore tranquillity to
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system. N• other medicine van be compared to these excellent
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and have restored thousands from pain and misery to health and
comfort.
Sold by A. Willoughby and Co., 61, Ilishopsgate Without, and
nearly all Medicine Venders, at Is. IV. or 2s. Ild. per box.

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

ORDINATIONS.

His Grace the Archbishop of York held a general or.
dination Bishopsthorpe, on Sunday last, when the fol
lowing gentlemen were admitted into holy orders :
Deacons—(Of Oxford).—Anthony Los eband, 8.A.,
Worcester College.
Deacons— (Of Cambridge).—Simeon Miley, B.A„ Ca-
therine Hall ; Joseph Atkinson, 8.A., St. John's Col-
lege ; James Ball, 8.A., Catherine Hall ; Thomas
Brown, 8.A., Christ's College, by letters dimissory from
the Lord Bishop of Ripon ; John Green, 8.A., Emanuel
College, by letters dimissory, from the Lord Bishop of
Ripon.
Priests (of Oxford).—The Rev. J. Aldred, 8.A.,
Lincoln College ; Rev. Algernon Brackenbury, 8.A.,
Queen's College,
Priests (of Cambridge).—The Rev. Philip Bsgge,
M.A., Trinity College ; Rev. William Calvert, 8.A.,
Pembroke College ; Rev. John Blackburn, 8.A., Pem-
broke College ; Rev. John Knott, 8.A., Christ's College ;
Rev. Robert M`Neil, M.A., Trinity College.
Priest (of Durham).—The Rev. Samuel Smith,;B.A.,
University College.
Priest (of Dublin)—The Rev., William Marshall,
8.A., Trinity College.
On Sunday last the Lord Bishop of Chichester held a
general ordination in the Cathedral Church of his dio-
cese, when the following gentlemen were admitted to
holy orders.
Deacons (of Oxford).—Charles William Willock , 8.A.,
Baliol College ; John Turner, M.A., Baliol College.
Deacons (of Cambridge).—Edward Venables, 8.A.,
Pembroke College; Richard Nathaniel Blaker, 8.A., St.
John's College.
Deacon (Literate).—Henry Shum Shean.
Priests (of Oxford).—The Rev. Edward Bradley, 8.A.,
Magdalen Hall ; Rev. James henry Sheppard, 8.A.,
Queen's College ; Rev. John Lloyd, 8.A., Worcester
College ; Rev. Henry John Rush, 8.A., Worcester Col-
lege; Rev. Philip Thomas Drayton, 8.A., St. Mary Hall.
Priests (Literate).—The Rev. Henry Hamilton Ha-
milton.

At an ordination holden on the same day by the Lord
Bishop of Hereford, the following gentlemen were or-
dained :
Deacons (of Oxford).—John Buckle, 8.A., St. Mary
Hall ; William Tassie Vernon, 8.A., Magdalen Hall ;
Edward Jones, 8.A., Jesus College, by letters dimissory,
from the Lord Bishop of St. Asaph.
Deacon (of Cambridge).—•Roger Taylor Burton, 8.A.,
St. John's College.
Priests (of Oxford).—The Rev. Allan Cowburn, M.A.,
Exeter College ; Rev. Henry Bolton Power, 8.A., Oriel
College ; Rev. Thomas Clotworthy Foster Skeflington,
8.A., Worcester College.
Priests (of Cambridge).—The Rev. James Caddy
James, 8.A., St. John's College ; Rev, John Meredith
Lewes, 8.A., Trinity College.

TilE lIEROINE or MATAGORDA.—We have much
pleasure in stating, that the subscription for this deserv-
ing old woman now amounts to a sum sufficient to secure
her 30/. a year for life, with a few pounds over to set up
house with. The money will be invested in Glasgow,
on her behalf, next week.—Glasgow Saturday Post.
The lake of the gardens of the Royal Botanic
Society is covered with ice of an excellent quality, and
many of the fellows of the Society avail themselves o
the opportunity of skating thereon.

THE CONQUEST OF SINDE.

The following are additional extracts from the in-
teresting work of General William Napier on this
subject. After noticing the changes made by Lord
Ellenborough by the removal of a vast number of
useless political agents, the General furnishes the rea-
sons which would have justified his Lordship in re-
sorting to arms much earlier than he actually did :

REASONS FOR THE WAR. -
" Lord Ellenborough was more than justified in his
sweeping reform. And it was a conviction that the loose
mode of intercourse hitherto carried on with the Ameers
had led to mischief, and was derogatory to such a power-
ful government as the Anglo-Indian, which induced Sir
Charles Napier at once to assume a frank though stern
tone with these Sindian rulers. For well he knew, that
however much modes and customs may differ with na-
tions, man is intrinsically the same all over the world,
and to be governed by his passions. Ile held it shame-
ful and wicked to tempt the Ameers by any appearance
of infirmity of purpose, to display their arrogance when
the Governor-General had assured him the sword of
vengeance would be inexorably bared for the first fault.
They had, however, already been tempted, by an un-
steady diplomacy acting on proud minds, into a course
full of danger for them, and he was to make a true and
faithful report of their misdeeds. This he effected twelve
days after his arrival at Sukkur, showing a list of
offences more or less grave, but the whole proving a '
settled design for war, when opportunity offered. Sup-
ported
by evidence, as good as could be obtained where
the secret machinations of Princes, who had the power
and the will to destroy those who informed against them,
were to be laid-open, this list of offences certainly war-
ranted a resort to arms, or the imposition of a fresh
treaty under pain of war.
" Against the Ameer Roostum of Kyrpoo they proved
secret intercourse with foreign States, contrary to treaty
and with designs hostile to the British ; maltreatment of
British servants ; obstructions to the commerce and na-
vigation of the Indus ; illegal imprisonment of British
subjects, and, through the agency of his Minister, Fut-
teh Mohamed Ghoree, aiding the escape of Mohamed
Shurreef, a public enemy, which happened about this
period.
" Against the Ameer Nusseer of Hyderabad, was the
assembling of troops to attack Shere Mohamed of Meer-
poor, upon a boundary dispute which had been referred
to the British arbitration ; perfidiously inveigling the
assistant political agent to meddle privately in a dispute
between the Ameer and his subjects, and then charging
this his own act against the British Government as a
breach of treaty ; repeated wilful violations of the
eleventh article of the treaty, with an avowed determi-
nation to set it aside ; delaying the transfer of Shikar-
poor, when he knew of the disasters in Affghanistan ;
secretly coining base money to defraud the British Go
vernment in the payment of tribute ; exacting illegal
tolls, refusing to refund, and obstructing the navigation
and commerce of the Indus ; opposing the free supply
of the bazaar at Kurrachee, and preventing his subjects
from settling and trading in the British cantonment ;
employing troops to menace the possession of another
Ameer, when the dispute had been referred to the Bri-
tish authorities, thus violating the third article of the
treaty, which guaranteed to each Ameer his separate
dominions ; neglect of tribute, and finally, exciting by
letter Beebruck, the chief of the Booghtee tribe, to take
up arms against the British troops, who were, he said,
retreating worsted from Khorassan, the name by which
the Sindians generally designated Affghanistan.
" These offences, which were all violations of treaty,
had been continued from early in 1841, up to September,

1842, showing a settled enmity; and at the very moment
of Sir C. Napier's arrival at Sukkur, Nusseer and Roos-
turn, the chief Ameers of Unper and Lower Sinde, con-
tracted a secret alliance ana confederacy, offensive and
defensive, against the British power. They sought to
draw Ali Moored into their views ; they prepared to
send away their wives and children; they collected their
troops, enlisted many of the Affghans who had followed
General England's column from Quettah ; issued in-
structions to all their feudatory chiefs to be in readiness
to take-the field, and held councils with the chiefs of the
Murrees and other Brahooe tribes. The English troops,
they said, were as their spies informed them, so weak,
miserable, and sickly, they could not resist, and if they
were healthy,' had theynot been driven from Affghanistan !
Let the priests proclaim a religious war against the
Feringhee caffirs! When they went against Khorassan
and Caubul, they made us promise three lacs of rupees
yearly for tribute. Now they have been driven from
thence, and we have an answer ready when the money is
demanded!'

" Here were ample grounds for a resort to force. Did I
Lord Elleuborough eagerly seize the opportunity? Did
his General advise him to do so? The answer to these
questions wilt pi.oe their conduct in a true light, each
on its own pedestal, for their distinct position must
always be kept in view. Lord Ellenborough knew all
the odious process by which the treaties, giving him the
right now to resent these hostile measures of the Ameers,
were obtained. The General knew nothing of them, the
official correspondence explaining them was not then
published; he could not suspect its nature; he could not
ask for it, nor would it have been given to him if he had.
He could only look at the treaties as contracts, volun-
tarily made, and which he was in Sinde to uphold, both
as a political agent and as a military officer. As con-
tracts he saw friendship, alliance, protection, offered and
accepted by the weaker power; the promotion of trade,
commerce, and navigation; and in their effects the im-
provement of the people's condition. He saw those peo-
ple, of all classes, crowding into the British cantonments
to avoid the grinding exactions and barbarous tyranny
of their rulers. Ile saw those rulers debauched and
ignorant, trampling:for their pleasures, with the hoofs of
wild beasts, one-fourth of the fertile land which should
have fed the starving multitudes; and this with so little
remorse, that one had recently depopulated two villages
to make a Shikargah for his child of eight years old!
" It was with these things before his eyes, this suffer-
ing and wickedness on one side, this promise of remedy
on the other, that Sir Charles Napier made that report
to Lord Ellenborough which was to determine the latter's
course of action.
" And Lord Ellenborough's right to act, that also
must be considered., or there can be no just judgment !"
" It was the right of necessity, the right of self-pre-
servation, a necessity he had not produced; he found it,
hut he was bound by it. In that consists its justice.
Take away this ground and it was a continuation of
Lord Auckland's aggressive policy ; yet always with
this palliation, that Lord Ellenborough sought no ag-
grandisement, put forth no mocking pretensions of friend-
ship to cover injustice. Standing on the right of treaties
concluded, he pursued-the general interes's of humanity,
disregarding only the conventional rights of besotted
tyrants, men who themselves trampled upon all rights,
and were ever ready sword in hand to take from the
possessions of their neighbours. This is the worst view
that can be given of Lord Ellenborough's policy. But
he had also the plea of self-preservation ; and be it re-
membered, Sobdar of Hyderabad, and Ali Moored of
Kyrpoor, had with a good will accepted the treaties from
the first, and Shere Mohamed of Meerpoor, voluntarily
sought a treaty on the same footing as Sobdar, demur-
ring only to the payment of tribute.
" The origin of the Sindian war being thus placed on
a sound basis for fair discussion, the following view taken
by Sir Charles Napier will be more readily appre-
, ciated :
SIR CHARLES NAPIER'S REPORT TO LORD