The Sun.
London, England, 1845-04-02 00:00:00

ttraill C lilt

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 2, 1845.

The House of Commons met at Four o'clock.
In answer to Dr. BOWBING, Sir G. CLERK said
that the negotiations with France and Austria on the
subject of the Quarantine Laws were in the same
state they were in July last.
A long conversation ensued on the subject of the
decisions of the Railway Committee of the Board of
Trade, in the case of the North Kent Railway.
Mr. AGLIONBY gave notice that he would on Fri-
day call the attention of the House to a letter which
had appeared in the Times, written by Mr. CAR..
RINGTON, and reflecting on his (Mr. AanioNny's)
conduct. He would at once state that the assertions
in that letter had no foundation in truth.

Dr. BOWRING then brought forward his motion for
the appointment of a Select Committee to consider
the subject of Colonial accounts, which, after a short
discussion, was agreed to.

Mr. SHEIL then moved the following resolution :
" That this House expresses its regret that letters
addressed to a foreigner residing in this country
should have been opened without his knowledge, and
that information in reference to disturbances in the
Papal States, obtained by such means, should have
been communicated to a foreign Power."
Sir J. GRAHAM opposed the motion, and defended
the conduct of the Government.

The House was subsequently addressed by Mr. T.
DUNCOMBE, and ultimately the motion was negatived
by a majority of 14.

The House then went into Committee on the
Excise duties, and the CHANCELLOR of the Ex-
CHEQUER moved a resolution for the remission of the
duties on glass, which, after a short discussion, was
agreed to.

The other orders of the day were disposed of, and
the House adjourned at a Quarter past Nine o'Clock.

The experience of American--that is, of United
States'—good faith and political probity; of their
moderation, equity, and magnanimity in dealing
with the political rights and relations of feeble and
disorganised States such as Mexico ;—of their inflexi-
bility in adhering to the spirit and letter of their
own Constitution, which especially disavows and dis-
courages a policy of territorial aggrandisement;—this
experience has been wonderfully enlightened by the
recent vote of the Senate for the annexation of Texas.

But we are much inclined to suspect that this is but
the first act of a serious drama, the combinations of
which having been long rehearsed, will be speedily
produced for the edification of the world. The tone
which the leading organ of the new President's party
assumes, in respect of the Oregon question, has been
on former occasions, -as it now is, sufficiently me-
nacing towards this country, and arrogant and ridi-
culous. But the Texas affair imparts to it a point
and emphasis which should fix the attention of every
Englishman who is alive to the necessity for promptly
anticipating, if possible, an attempt upon the interests
and honour of this country, which may be meditated
by the same party on some other question. Now, it
would be idle to affect, after the language used in
Mr. POLK'S inaugural address, to doubt the intention
of the United States to carry their pretensions upon
the Oregon Territory, after their usual fashion, by
hard sweating and big words—if they can. It would
be still more absurd to argue at this time of day
the duty as well as the right of every independent
State to withstand, at the earliest available oppor-
tunity, any meditated aggression upon its dominion,
its honour, or its authority. But a State of the
paramount rank and grandeur of Great Britain has
no option in the matter. If it could be once
base enough to permit such aggressions to be made
with impunity, it would, ipso facto, fall from its
pride of place, and out of its rank in the majestic
career of those nations with whose welfare are bound
up the destinies of civilisation. We have great
doubts, indeed, whether all the vaunting of the land
of stripes and stars will not evaporate before the
consideration of dollars to be spent and taxes to be
raised—by a Government of bankrupt credit. But
as democracies are always liable to the uncontrol-
lable action of popular feeling and passion, in defiance
of palpable danger, and inevitably disastrous re-
sults, we shall do well to accustom ourselves to a
consideration of the extreme probability that the
attempt at the Oregon occupation may be forced
upon that Government, which, not having had virtue
enough to discourage the agitation of the project,
will not have strength enough to restrain the po-
litical fanaticism that may rashly endeavour to faci-
litate so iniquitous an enterprise. In the meanwhile,
as the " Oregon question" is one of many details, the
succession and connection of which it is necessary for
those to bear in mind who would master its elements,
we propose to consider it under three heads. 1. What

the question at issue between the two Governments (of
the United States and Great Britain) really is? 2. What
are the known received principles of national law which
apply to the territorial rights of discovery and occu-
pation of lands, as regards the authority of the Parent
State, through whose subjects the discovery and
occupation have been effected ? 3. What are the de-
rivative and possessory rights to the territory of
Oregon, now respectively vested in Great Britain and

in the United States, through France or through
Spain ?
We are confident that we shall demonstrate, in an
ensuing article, and upon a recapitulation of the facts
and details, and evidence of treaties and public acts
which we shall have to submit to the considera-
tion of the reader, that the claim of the United States
to the Oregon cannot be maintained upon any of the
principles above adverted to.
That the United States cannot establish any such
derivative and possessory rights to that territory,
through any title either from France or from Spain,
or under treaty with Great Britain :

That in all respects, and on all the principles as to
which the United States cannot establish their pre-
tensions to the Oregon, the title of Great Britain is
continuous, corroborated, valid, and inexpugnable.
1. The Oregon question is the validity or invalidity
of the claim of the United States Government to the
whole of the Oregon territory, or full and sovereign
possession, and to the exclusion altogether of British
occupancy. The Oregon territory is a vast track
of North Western America, extending from about
42 deg. to 49 deg. N. lat., including the course of the
Columbia River (whose embouchure is about
46 deg. N.), which waters a country moderately
fertile, but especially valuable for its supply of the
fur animals, whose peltry supplies one of the
most valuable of all staples for the markets
of China. It has other natural and geo-
graphical advantages, into which we shall not now
enter. The question of right must be traced through
a chain of many links in the composition of legiti-
mate title. First of all, and as the shortest method
of propounding the question, it may be said that the
foundation of the United States' claim to the Oregon
territory rests on the recognised geographical extent
and boundaries of Louisiana, when th2t vast tract
of country was purchased by the American Govern-
ment in 1803, and the effect of a treaty made by
that Government with Spain in 1819. For this

claim is derived from three titles--purchase from
France, purchase from Spain, and discovery and
prior occupation of the Colombia by citizens of the
United States. Such are the pretensions that a very
ridiculous partisan, a Mr. FARNHAM, has ventured to
print and publish. Such are the visionary assump-
tions which Congress and the Senate affect to recog-
nise, and gravely call on Americans to uphold. Let
us see, then, in what mode France acquired the ori-
ginal territorial sovereignty of Louisiana—how this
was ceded by France to Spain as to part, and as to
the other part to Great Britain ; and subsequently
by Great Britain to Spain, which by the treaty cf
1819 confirmed the sale of the Floridas to the Re-
public.

The first French colony in Louisiana having been
established by Dr. InEavinLE, a Canadian, under a
commission for that express purpose, granted to him
by Louis XIV., remained subject to the dominion of
France until 1762, when, by the treaty of Paris
(agreed upon in November of that year, and signed
in February 1763), which ceded to England the
several French possessions of Nova Scotia, Canada,
and Cape Briton, the eastern limits of the remaining
French settlements in North America were fixed with
extreme precision by a line drawn along the middle
of the Mississippi, from its source to the Iberville
River; and from thence, by a line drawn along the
middle to this river, and the lakes Maurapas and
Ponchartrain, to the sea. Under the 20th article of
the same treaty, Spain ceded to England the whole of
Florida, with Fort St. Augusten, the bay of Pensa-
cola, and all its possessions on the North American con-
tinent to the east or south-east of the river Missis-
sippi. On November 3, 1762, the same day
on which the preliminaries of the above treaty be
tween France, England, and Spain were signed, the
Government of France ceded to that of Spain all
the country known under the name of Louisiana,
as also New Orleans, and the island on which it is
situated; by a secret treaty between Spain and France,
that is to say, France gave up to Spain, thereby, so much
of Louisiana as France had not previously contracted
to transfer to Great Britain. The treaty of September
1783, between Great Britain and Spain, ceded East
and West Florida to Spain, which thus became again
possessed of its ancient colonies. We now come
under Mr. FALCONER'S guidance to the Treaty of In-
dependence of the same year, between Great Britain
and the United States, whereby the independence of
the latter was recognised, and their South Western,
Western, and Southern boundaries were defined in a
manner so clearly described and with their necessary
connection, as recognised by the champions of the
United States' present claim, so forcibly set out by
Mr. Falconer in his recent pamphlet, entitled the
" Oregon Question," that we have quoted his own
words.*

In our next paper we shall pursue the course of
these transactions, treaties, &c., from the retrocession
of Louisiana by Spain to France, in 1800, down to
the present time.
• The treaty says, "By a line through the middle of
Lake Erie, until it arrives at the water communication
between that Lake and Lake Huron ; thence along the
middle of the said water communication into the Huron,
thence through the middle of the Huron to the water
communication between it and Lake Superior ; through
the Superior, northward of the Isles Royal and Phili-
peaux to the Long Lake ; thence through the middle of
Long Lake and the water between it and the Lake of
the Woods to the Lake of the Woods; and through the
same to the N.W. point thereof ; from thence in a due
west course to the river Mississippi, until it shall enter
the northernmost part of the 31st deg. of N. lat. ; south,
by a line to be drawn E. from the determination of the
line last mentioned in lat. 31 deg. N. of the Equator
to the middle of the River Apalachicola or
Catahouche ; thence along the middle thereof to
the junction with the Flint River ; thence straight
to the head of the St. Mary's River, and thence, along the
middle of the St. Mary's River, to the Atlantic Ocean."
Mr. Falconer observes, on this part of the treaty,
" There was one error in this otherwise clearly defined
boundary : the head waters of the Mississippi river are
south of the Lake of the Woods ; and consequently a line
carried due west from the lake would not touch the river.
The clear intention of both parties was, to terminate the
boundary where this junction was expected to take place
—where, if the Mississippi had continued in a course
north, it would have intersected the line running due
west from the Lake of the Woods. This obvious cor-
rection of the mistake is adopted in the map lately pub-
lished in America by Mr. Greenhow, in which a dotted
line from the head waters of the Mississippi to the line
running due west of the Lake of the Woods completes
this boundary. But nothing west or north of this line was
granted by Great Britain to the United States in 1783,
and nothing north of the head waters of the Mississippi
was retained by France under the treaty of 1763.

The accounts from Ireland, we mean the political
accounts, are highly satisfactory. The sympathy
shown by the Government towards the unfortunate
Catholics is beginning to take effect—the re-action in
that country, so long oppressed and so little accus-
tomed to English kindness or generosity, was evinced
at the meeting of the Repeal Association on Monday,
and fair play to the Irish is all now required to make
them the most willing, for they have ever been, in
battle, the most gallant defenders of the empire. The
great Agitator, the man who has done so much for
his Catholic brethren, and whose word is more
powerful than twenty thousand troops, described with
just feeling the horrors with which he was impressed
by the last intelligence from America. The real
Yankee he never liked, the slaveholder and slave
breeder, even when they were courting his favour, he
spurned from him as he would spurn malefactors
polluted by the most atrocious crimes. True to these
generous sentiments, he has expressed candidly, and
in his usual nervous language, the sorrow with which
he heard of the annexation of Texas, and the dreary
prospect which it holds out for the friends of the
African race. "It was idle," he said, " for the
Americans to talk of liberty and practise slavery.
For his part, he would repudiate any assistance from
America if tainted with human blood ; and he was
glad he had the opportunity of denouncing the atro-
cious system. The PRESIDENT likewise talked of
seizing Oregon, and he would certainly do it. Eng-
land, however, should have the assistance of Irishmen,
which would enable her to obtain Oregon, and pre-
vent the annexation of Texas ; but the equivalent
should be justice to Ireland, and the re-
storation of her domestic legislature." The
last part of the paragraph is merely for show, or
to round the sentence, for Mr. O'CoNNELL has as-
serted fifty times that if he could obtain justice, he
would cast repeal to the winds. Sir ROBERT PEEL
has now a noble game in his hand. Even his most
bitter political opponent admits that his measures
are admirable ; and, to produce lasting peace
and lasting union between the two countries, he has
only to press forward these measures, alike despising
the attacks of bigotry and the selfishness of a broken
remnant of the Tory faction. That faction, we learn
by the same mail from Ireland, is again rearing its
head in Dublin, denouncing the Premier and his new
schemes, and threatening damnation to all Pro-
testants who refuse to join in the holy war against
Catholics ; but they are now powerless, and must yield
to their fate. This is the opinion of an old friend
of the Catholics, and almost his dying speech—we
mean the late SYDNEY SMITH, who thus foretels, we
trust, coming events :

" I have some belief in Sir Robert. He is a man of great
understanding, and must see that this eternal O'Connelling
will never do, that it is impossible that it can last. We are
in a transition state, and the Tories may be assured that
the Baronet will not go too fast. If Peel tells them that the
thing must be done, they may be sure it is high time to do
it ; they may retreat mournfully and sullenly before com-
mon justice and common sense, but retreat they must when
Tamworth gives the word, and in quick step, too, and without
loss of time. And let me beg of my dear Ultras not to ima-
gine that they can survive for a single instant without Sir
Robert—that they could form an Ultra-Tory Ad-
ministration. Is there a Chartist in Great Britain
who would not, upon the first intimation of such an at-
tempt, order a new suit of clothes, and call upon the baker
and milkman for an extended credit? Is there a political
reasoner who would not come out of his hole with a new
constitution 2 Is there one ravenous rogue who would not
be looking for his prey? Is there one honest man of com-
mon sense who does not see that universal disaffection and
civil war would follow from the blind fury, the childish
prejudices, and the deep ignorance of such a sect? I have
a high opinion of Sir Robert Peel, but he must summon up
all his political courage, and do something next session for
the payment of the Roman Catholic priests. He must run
some risk of shocking public opinion ; no greater risk, how-
ever, than he did in Catholic Emancipation. I am sure the
Whigs would be true to him, and I think I observe that very
many obtuse country gentlemen are alarmed by the state of
Ireland and the hostility of France and America."

con-
sideration of that wild persecutor, Dr. M'GEEE, and
The subjoined paragraph we recommend to the
the bigoted clique that still infest the Castle at
Dublin
" I have always compared the Protestant Church in Ire-
land (and I believe my friend Thomas Moore stole the simile
from me) to the institution of butchers' shops in all the vil-
lages of our Indian empire. 'We will have a butcher's shop
in every village, and you,
undoes, shall pay for it. We
know that many of you do not eat meat at all, and that
the sight of beef steaks is particularly offensive to you ; but
still a stray European may pass through your village, and
want a steak or a chop.; the shop shall be established;
and you shall pay for it.' This is English legislation for Ire-
land i There 13 no abuse like it in all Europe, in all Asia,

all the discovered parts of Africa, and in all we have heard of
Timbuctoo. It is an error that requires 20,000 armed men
for its protection in time of
i peace, which costs more than a
million a year; and which, n the first French war, in spite of
the puffing and panting of fighting steamers, will and must
break out into desperate rebellion."

The intelligence from Madrid is to the 25th ult.
The Bourse was closed on that day, and the journals
are destitute of interest. The Gazette publishes ac-
counts of the capture of some smugglers by the
Coast Guard, in which several lives were lost. The
following letter, dated Barcelona, March 23, appears
in the Phare des Pyrenees:—
" For some days a sharp correspondence has been ex-
changed between the Captain-General and the Neapolitan
Consul relative to two Neapolitans, Vicente Ferrazano and
Thomas Appignoni, whom General Concha expelled from
Barcelona, and forced to take refuge in France. The Neapo-
litan Consul has protested against this act as arbitrary and in
contempt of the law of nations, as well as contrary to the
guarantees stipulated in treaties in favour of the subjects of the
two nations. But the Captain-General, in place of acceding to
this representation, declared that, being convinced that there
were at Barcelona foreigners who, in place of remaining neutral
in the midst of troubles which had occurred, had, on the
contrary, excited them, he was decided to inquire into the
conduct of each, and to expel, not only from Barcelona, but
also from the province, all whose conduct had not been com-
pletely neutral. General Concha added, that he regretted
adopting these measures, but that he was obliged to do so, in
order to preserve tranquillity in the province under his orders.
Almost at the same time a French subject, M. Kessler, was
thrown into prison by the orders of the Captain-General, on
the most futile motive. M. Flury, the French Consul,
hastened to demand his liberation, and, in addition, required
an indemnity to be paid in proportion to the length of M.
Kessler's detention. But, if I am well informed, it would
seem that all the steps taken by M. Flury have not hitherto
produced any result, the Captain-General having referred the
matter to his Government for decision. This incident has
produced much excitement among the members of the con-
sular body, who all appear decided to support the rights
which treaties afford their countrymen."

The French Chamber of Deputies on Monday re-
sumed the discussion on the Customs Bill, and the
Sardinian treaty occupied them up to the hour of
post. An amendment was proposed by M. L'HER,
BETTE relative to Sardinian ships arriving in French
harbours and the coasting trade between the two
countries, which led to a long, and according to one
account, a magnificent speech from M. GUIZOT, who
accepted the amendment as a Cabinet question. It
was generally believed that M. GUIZOT would not
have taken this ground unless certain of a majority.
The domestic intelligence in the papers is not of
importance. Marshal SOULT was suffering under an
attack of cold and fever, but, according to a bulletin
issued on Sunday, not the slightest danger was ap-
prehended. On Saturday, the gallant veteran en-
tered on his seventy-sixth year. The accounts from
Switzerland are to the 28th ult. A Berne journal of
the 27th states, that M. GUIZOT had proposed to
Lord ABERDEEN a conference, to be held at Paris,
relative to the present unsettled state of that country,
which his Lordship declined. According to the
Constitutionnel, the cause of the Jesuits is daily losing
ground. Berne, and some other cantons refuse to
restrain the free corps, and Lucerne begins to see
that public opinion, as well as the decision of the
Extraordinary Diet, is against it. That journal gives
the following account of the state of affairs :
" According to private accounts transmitted to us from the
best sources in Switzerland, the insurrectional movement pro-
jected by the refugees from Lucerne, and of which the Swiss
journals no longer make any mystery, and which was to have
been made in the night of the 26th inst., has been put off for
a few days by reason of divisions which have arisen, not
among the members of the committee of the people of Lu-
cerne, but among the members of the auxiliary committee of
Argau, which have ended in abandoning the whole conduct of
the affair to the parties interested. This has evidently put the
Government of Argau more at its ease in its relations with the
federal authorities. Already the Vorort has addressed to it
the most warm remonstrances against its having, at the very
moment when the Diet had promulgated a decree against the
free corps, not only openly tolerated the formation of such
bands within its own territory, but in not having done anything
to prevent volunteers from coming from other cantons, and
ranging themselves under the banners of the rebels of Lucerne.
The lesser Council of the canton of Argau is said to have re-
plied to the Vorort nearly to the effect that its deputies to the
Diet having discharged it from all the consequences of the re-
solution come to against the free corps, the responsibility
ought to fall, above all, upon the States which had refused to
co-operate in the decree for the expulsion of the Jesuits ; that
as the popular effervescence had been announced to the Diet
as the inevitable consequence of a decision against the free
corps, unaccompanied with a decision against the Jesuits, all
the measures which the authorities might take to prevent the
sympathising of the people in the liberal cause of Lucerne
must fail, in the presence of the deliberate determination of
these people to do their utmost for the triumph of this cause.
The Government of Berne, invited by the Vorort to oppose the
entrance of the free corps, has answered that it has not any
power to prevent the citizens from going wherever they please,
and that if they commit unlawful acts they may be attacked
by the ordinary means. In consequence of the inert attitude
assumed by Berne, and the direct support lent by the Go-
vernment of Argau to the cause of the refugees, it is reported
that the Directory has resolved to address a new summons to
this last-named canton, and if it does not submit to this to
re-assemble the Diet. In the meantime, as a cantonal govern-
ment, it will propose to its Grand Council to take such pre-
cautionary measures as may be necessary to prevent any dis-
turbance of the public peace. The Government of Lucerne,
on its side, has not remained inactive. Not only has it ap-
plied to the primitive cantons to hold their troops in readiness
to afford it federal assistance, but it has called out its own
elite force, the whole of its reserve and landwehr, making an
effective body of 11,000 men. In reality, however, not one-
half of this number is available ; for, in the two nights of the
25th and 26th instant, nearly 1,000 armed soldiers have gone
over the frontier to join the insurgents. Under these circum-
stances, the Grand Council of Lucerne has been convoked,
and it is affirmed that the Council of State is prepared to sub-
mit to it a proposal for an amnesty on a large scale. This
proves that the Government feels that its existence is at stake.
The whole line of the territory of Argau bounding the canton
of Lucerne is covered with refugees and well-armed volun-
teers, waiting only for the word to march in. The Govern-
ment of Berne on the 27th had not yet decided upon any
levy of troops, but it is prepared to meet whatever may
happen in case Lucerne should call in the aid of the primitive
cantons."

THE BOURSE-'MONDAY, MARCH 31.
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents. •••• 118 •• 118 .• 117 95 .. 118
Fours....
Three per Cents •• •• 85 55 •• 85 65 .. 85 55 .. 85 GO
Loan . • 86 50 .. 86 50 .. 86 50 .. 86 50
Belgian
TFlivvoes.a,
..
1°057V4 :•. 110057 ..
IP
Gouba flank, I,ooof Shares .. 1045 ..1085 • .1085 ..1085
Belgian Bank ............. 641 25 .. 641 25 .. 641 25 .. 641 25
62 50 .. 62 50 .. 62 50 .. 62 50
Passive .• • ...... •• 71/6 • • 7% •• 71,i; •• 7%
106 .. 106 .. 106 .. 106
Spanish Three 5............ 41 .. 41 .. 41 .. 41
Neap01itan............. .. 102 .. 102 .. 102 .. 102
Roman ......... ~ •• • • ••
RAILWAY SHARES.
n11d88.44a02:1:1a:11. • :.
:.
1101
1.1. 1113:2552 50 1. ..
1113114620°8 75
St. Germain ..............1215 —1215 ..1215 ..1215
Versailles, R. 8.• ——••• • • • 655 655 .. 655 .. 655
L.B. ....... .... 410 . 410 .• 405 .• 405
Rotten ....................1155 • 1160
Rouen to Havre•• •• •••••••• 975 •• 975 975 •• 975
btatlrg to •1•3a1••e••••• •••• :: :: :1133:342503 75
••••••:3311130 50 .. 340 .. 342 50
Avignon to Marseilles•• • • • •
Bordeaux to Teste ........ 2!O .• 232 50 .. 230 .. 232 50
RAILWAYS FOIL THE ACCOUNT, APRIL 3.
St. Germain •• • —1225 ..1227 50 —1215 ..1218 75
Versailles, R. 8...... ..... 655 .. 655 .. 655 .. 655
L.B .... ...... 405 405 .. 403 75 .. 403 75
Rouen.... .... .... . .
Rouen to Havre .••.• •• •••• 975 '• 977 50 •• 975 .. 975
Orleans ... .... ........ .... 1320 • • 1335 ..1320 . • 1330
Strasburg to 8a1e.......... 341 25 .. 342 50 •• 341 25 .. 342 50
Avignon to Marseilles.....-1132 50 ••1142 50 ..1132 50 • • 1132 50
Bordeaux to Teste ......... 2302 •• 230 .• 230 •• 230

RESIGNATION OF MR. WALLACE, M.P. FOR
GREENOCK.—We are sorry to see, by the Greenock
Advertiser, that the country is about to be deprived
of the services of that most useful and indefatigable
Member of Parliament, Mr. Wallace. Much as we re-
gret the loss of his services, we still more deeply. regret
that ill health, brought on by over exertion in
the discharge of his Parliamentary duties, should be the
cause of his resignation of his seat. The Greenock Ad-
vertiser of Tuesday contains his valedictory address to
his constituents, in which he refers with honest pride to the
many reforms which he has brought about during the
thirteen years over which his Parlimentary career
has extended. First, among these in importance and in
time, is that Post-office reform which eventuated in the
establishment of the uniform system of Penny Postage.
May the next representative of Greenock be as honest,
as assiduous, as indefatigable as the last.

COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT.
(FROM oua OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
DEPARTURE OF THE COURT.
APRIL I.—Her Majesty and suite embarked at half-
past two this day, on board the‘royal yacht. The shore
was lined with people, the ships (English and foreign)
gaily dressed out, and salutes were fired from the Royal
Yacht Squadron House and the Castle.
Prince Albert yesterday went over several of the new
houses in East Cowes Park, attended by Colonel Wemyss
and the Hen. Mr. Anson, and in the afternoon they rode
out to King's Quay, and went over the grounds of
Woodhouse Farm. It consists of about 230 acres, and
it is understood that her Majesty wishes to purchase it,
and also Little Shambles, about six acres, which belongs
to Lord George Seymour and Sir George Seymour,
which will give a ring fence to the royal premises. Two
lodges are proposed to be built, but the immediate altera-
tions are not intended to extend to more than three
weeks in executing, that the Royal Family may be down
again by the Ist of May.
This morning the Prince, accompanied by the Queen,
again visited the houses in East Cowes Park—i. e., Mr.
Brooks', Mr. Cattlin's, Mr. Lancaster's, and Mr. Vicks
(attended by the architect of the estate, Mr. Mooring).
it is expected, will be purchased for
establishment. The royal party afterwards
part
ts
01 latter t tte hre house,
went through the park and gardens.
Osborne Villa is also likely to become the property
of her Majesty.
Lord Yarborough is entertaining Sir William and
St. Lawrence.
Lady Montague and a large company of fashionable' at

CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT.--From accounts issued by
order of the House of Commons, it appears that in the year
ending January 5, 1844, there were 1,881 officers of the
several grades and classes employed in the Customs depart-
ment in the port of London. The expense in salaries and
pay was that year 248,3501. 16s. 2d., and there was a further
expense of 11,2811. Bs. 11d, for extra clerks and extra day
pay officers, whose services were occasional. In the year
ending sth of January last 1,858 officers were employed in
the like duties; and the expense was 251,805/. Bs. 4d., and
13,844/. Is. sd. for extra clerks, &c. Thus, in the last year
there were fewer men than in the preceding twelvemonth by
23, and Increased expenses by upwards of Giooor.

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 2, 1845.1

THIS DAY'S NEWS

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
There was no alteration in the Cotton market at Liver-
pool yesterday, the sales not exceeding 3,000 bales.-Shares
were very firm, and with a good deal doing :-Barnsley
Junction, 7% 8 ; Ditto, Half Shares, 3% 31. 13s. 9d. ; Bir-
kenhead, Manchester, and Chester, 12 ; Birmingham and
Gloucester, New Shares, 4; Belfast and Ballymena, 44 ys ;
Bolton, Wigan, and Liverpool, 12%; Caledonian, 101/ 3/4 ;
Cambridge and Lincoln, 81/ 9; Chester and Birkenhead,
46 46%; Ditto, New Shares, 39 3914 ; Ditto, Half Shares,
22% 231/ ; Chester and Holyhead, 81/2 % ; Chester
and Preston Brook, 31/8 ; Churnet Valley, 71. 10s.
71 13s. 6d ; Clydesdale Junction, 1036 ; Cork and
Bandon, 4 ; Dublin and Galway, 3% ; Dundee and
Perth, 68s. 6d. ; Dublin, Mullingar, and Athlone,
1' ;
; Eastern Counties, 21% Edinburgh and Glasgow,
New Quarter Shares, 534 ; Glasgow and Dumfries, 19s. ;
Glasgow, Paisley, and Greenock, Half Shares, 9% ; Ditto,
Preference Shares, 814 (pd. up); Grand Junction, 224 225 ;
Ditto, Half Shares, 112 ; Ditto, Quarter Shares, 56 ; Ditto,
Eighth Shares, 19 ; Great Grimsby and Sheffield,
91s. 6d. 5 ; Great Western, Half Shares, 101 ;
Ditto, Fifth Shares, 401/, ; Huddersfield Canal and
Railway, 31/2 ; Huddersffield and Sheffield, 6% 61A ;
Lancaster and Carlisle. 3714 ; Lancaster and Preston, 541/-4 ;
Limerick and Waterford, 5% 3/4 ; Liverpool and Manches-
ter, Half Shares, 101 ; Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston,
23/4 53s 6d; London and Birmingham, 234; Ditto, Quar-
ter Shares, 32 321 ; London and Brighton, 651/4 ' • London
and South-Western, 80; London and York, 61s. 6d.; Direct
Northern, 4% 51/g ; Manchester and Birmingham, Quarter
Shares, 1014 ; Manchester, Sheffield, and Midland, 6%;
Manchester and Leeds, 147 ; Midland Railway, 156 155 ;
Ditto, 401. Shares, 20; Ditto, Fifth Shares, 81s. 3d. 4% ;
Ditto, Consolidated Birmingham and Derby, 118 ; Newaik
and Sheffield, 6% 3% ; Newcastle and Berwick, 151% ;
Newcastle and Carlisle, 124 123 ; Ditto, Quarter Shares,
31 ; Newcastle and Darlington, 4734 ; North British, Half
Shares, 4% 1/4 ; North Union, A., 149 ; Ditto, 8.,
91 ; North Wales Mineral, 15% ; Ditto, New Shares, 534 ;
North Wales, 21. 16s. 3d. 2% ' • Preston and Wyre, 35 34% ;
Sheffield and Manchester, 118 120 ; Ditto, Quarter Shares,
1534 16%; Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, and Birmingham,
434 ; Shrewsbury and Grand Junction, 6 6% ; Shrewsbury,
Oswestry, and Cheshire, 4% 965. 3d. ,• South-Eastern and
Dover, 431 A ; Ditto, New Shares, No. 1, 17 ; Ditto, New
Shares, No. 2, 113/4 ; Ditto, New Shares, No. 3,8% ;
Scottish Central, 5% % ; Wexford and Carlow, 2% ;
Worcester and Tring, 81s. 6d. 81s. 3d. ; York and North
Midland Half Shares, 14% 15; Austrian and Sardinian, 7
prem. ; Lyons and Avignon (English) 61s. 6d. 60s. ; Northern
of France (English) 6% •, Paris and Lyons (Laffitte's
English), 3; Paris and Orleans, 501,4 14 Paris and St.
Quentin, 445. 6d. ; Sambre and Meuse, 6%; Verona and
Ancona, 2%.
There is in the Bankers' Magazine for the present month
information which will startle the honest tradesman and the
merchant, with respect to "Accommodation Bill Swindling"
At present we have not time to quote but the introductory
paragraph upon this really interesting topic. It is as fol-
lows :-

" The facility with which a dishonest trader can impose
upon his banker, by means of accommodation bills, where
the parties to them have been able for some time
to keep up an appearance of regularity and integrity
in their business transactions, makes it a subject of
the first importance that a banker should know when-
ever any of his customers are in any way whatever con-
cerned in such practices. The difficulty of detection,
however, is usually in proportion to its importance ;
for the parties, knowing very well that the least in-
dication to their bankers of such practices being
carried on must necessarily lead to their exposure and
discredit, are always artful enough to give the fictitious bills
as much an appearance of genuineness as possible, so that
they mar be taken by the banker as resulting
from bowl- fide business transactions between the drawers
and acceptors. Too many bankers have been robbed
by such practices to render it necessary to say any-
thing on the extent of this kind of swindling. We need
scarcely remark, that as every banker is liable to be
made its object, so it is a duty on every one to lend his
assistance in detecting and exposing it whenever he has the
opportunity."
We have before us the monthly statement of James
Houghton and Company, of Liverpool, having relation to the
timber trade. It is barren of information. There have been
but few arrivals, and few sales, but it states " The Customs'
duties on mahogany, cedar, and all fancy woods, are now en-
tirely removed, and an extensive business may therefore be
calculated upon."
The market for the British Securities is very dull, and
prices continue fiat, Consols being 991/2 Al for present deli-
very, and about 991/2 % for time. Bank Stock has been at
215 for Account. The premium on Exchequer-bills is 645.
to 625., being an improvement.
There is some firmness in the value of the Foreign Bonds,
but they are not active. In fact not a bargain is officially
noted in Spanish, the staple of the foreign house. Portuguese
Converted have been well supported at 661/2 3/4 ; Mexican
have been done at 353/4 ; Colombian have realised an ad-
vance to 153/4 and 1614 ; Brazilian are 88 ; and Dutch Four
per Cents. 97% % ex div.
The Share Market is buoyant, and advanced prices have
been obtained for Cambridge and Lincoln, and several other
railways.

ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
3 per Cent. Consols
Bank Stock for Account 215 215
Consols for Account...
Exchequer Bills, 1,000/., 1%d.... 63 64 62 pm. 64
Ditto 5001. .
Ditto Small ... 61 65 pin. 65
Ditto Advertised — pm.
ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Brazilian Bonds

Ditto, Account .... ....•
Columbian Bonds, ex Venezuela. 153/ 1614 16
Danish, 3 per Cent
Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1837 —
Ditto, Account
Ditto, Deferred
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cents —
Ditto. Account
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent
Ditto, Converted —
Ditto, Account 663/41h
Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840.
Ditto Account
Ditto, Passive
Ditto, Deferred
Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent —
Ditto Deferred , — 14
Dutch, 21/2 per Cent .
Ditto, 4 per Cent., Certific 97% % 971/2
PRICES OF PAID. AT ONE O'CLOCK. CLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES PRICES.
Aberdeen
Armagh, Coleraine, and
Portrush l% —
Birming. and Gloucesterloo
Do. New
Ditto 1/ Shares
Bristol and Exeter 7O
Ditto New
Bristol and Gloucester... 30 ...... 61% 60
Caledonian
Cambridge and Lincoln 11,4...... 9 814 91/2%... 9%
Chester and Holyhead 5
Churnet Valley
Coventry, Bedworth, and
Nuneaton
Cornwall
... . 51 . 5%
Diss, Beccles, Yarmouth 11/2 3374 ..... 33A
Direct, orthern
Dublin and Belfast Junc. 2
Dublin and Galway 2/2-- 3%y2 4%...... 4%
Eastern Counties 25 ...... 21%1/2% ......... 21%
Ditto Perpetual, 5 per
Cent, No. 1....41. 13s. 4d l%
Ditto ditto, No. 2 l3s. 4d...
Eastern Union lO .. ...
Ditto Extension
Edinburgh and Glasgow 50
Ely and Bedford
Great Grimsby and Shef-
field
Great South. and West.
(Ireland)
Ditto Extension
Great North of England..100
Ditto New 2 22
Great Western BO ......1801/2 181 lBl%
Ditto % Shares 5O lOll, ... lOl%
Guildford, Farn'm,Ports. 21/2 —
Harwich , 1 . ... 21,4%%
/bi
Hull and Selby 5O
Ditto Quarter Shares 121/...,
Kentish Coast
Lancaster and Carlisle... 15
Lincoln, York, and Leeds 1%
London and Birminghm (Stock) 234% 235
Do. New Thirds
Do. 14 Shares
London and Brighton... 50
London and Croydon, 13/. 15s. 9d 173/4
Do. Guaranteed 5 per
Cent.
London and S. Western 4116* 10d 793 80%
Do. New
London and York 2 ... 3
Lynn and Ely
Manchester and Leeds... 73 147 ff
/2
/8
Do. Quarters
Manchester and Birmin. 40
Do. Quarters 4 ..... 101/2
Midlnd 100 155% 157... ......
Doa. New
Midland, Birm.,Derby...loo 117%..
Newcastle and Darling-
ton Junction .. 24 ...... 491/
Do. New Brandling... 10
Newcastle and Berwick 1% 15e14 16 ......
Newry and Enniskillen. 21% —
Newark and Sl.effield ... 12 6%,g
North British
Do. New
Norwich and Brandon... 10
. ....
Preston and Wyre
...... 35%
Richmond and West End
Junction
Rugby, Worstr, & Tring 1
IA .... ....
.
Scottish Midland '.__ 3% 4 ...41/8...
Shrews., Wolverhamp ,
Dudley, and Birm 2l/2. ..... 4%3/4 5%.....
South Devon lO ...... 21%-
South Eastern & Dover 3312 s 4d... 42134
Do., No. 1.. 8
Do., No. 3
South Wales 2% ...... 6%%
Trent Valley 2
... . 171412%
Waterford and Kilkenny 1 ..,... 3, %
West Cornwall
Yarmouth and Norwich 2O —
Ditto, New 8 —
York and North Midland 50
......
Ditto % Shares 25
Ditto Scarboro' Branch. 20 ...... 43
Do. Selby
Do. Extension l% %,.....
16 18% ... ..
FRENCH RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens 4 ...... 12
Bordeaux, Toulouse, and
Cette ...... .. ... ..... 2 ..... 2%1/2
Great North. of France.. 4 ....... 6%
Lyons and Avignon 2 ....
Orleans and Vierzon ... 2 ... ..... 18
Orleans and Bordeaux... 2 ...... 121 1214
Paris & Lyons, Laffitte's 2 .... 3 143 3
Paris ard Lyons, Gan-
neron's, ... .
Paris &Lyons, (Calon's) 2
...... ......
21
Paris and Orleans 2O 51%
Paris and Rouen .. 2O
Paris and Strasbourg ... 2
2 34
Sambre and Meuse

88%
1812
8812
35%
35%
16%

6614
66%

30
7
18

2%
40
11/,
2.35

6434
17

80
13 4

31/9
73/4
1471/,
201
61
11%
158
214
118

414
41%
454
201/2
4214
161/2

61/
17
34
,4
27

51%
43
70

17'

12%

2q
12
3 8
18/
13

2,t
2 8
51 8
443/
23
L 64

Tours and Nantes, Mac-
kenzie's
JOINT STOCK BANKS.
London & Westminster. 20
Provincial of Ireland ... 25

271Ai
4;

MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL I.—The sales
are :—Jamaica, 30 ; Lancaster and Preston, 54 ex div. ;
Manchester and Leeds, Quarter Shares, 193/4 ex div. ; Ditto,
Sixteenth Shares, 71; ; Manchester and Birmingham, 58
ex new and ex div. ; Ditto, New Quarters, 5% % prem. ;
Manchester, Bury, and Rossendale, 15.3/4 ; Midland Railway,
Preferential, 3 15-16; Ditto, 40/. Shares, 20; North British,
17% ; Preston and Wvre, 3416 ; Sheffield and Manchester
Quarter Shares, 153/4 ; South-Eastern, No. 3, 83/4 % ;
Barnsley Junction, 8; Ditto, Half Shares, 33/4 ; Birkenhead,
Manchester, and Cheshire Junction, 124 12 ; Blackburn
Buinley, and Accrington, 714 % ; Blackburn, Darwen, and
Bolton, 4 3-16 4 ; Bolton, Wigan, and Liverpool, 12 13;
Caledonian, 101/2 % ; Cambridge and Lincoln, 83/4 % ;
Churnet Valley, 7% ; Direct _Northern, 43/4 ; Dublin and
Galway, 3 7-16 ; Erewash Valley, 13 ; Glasgow and Dumfries,
20s. ; Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction, 4% 1/2 ; Hud-
dersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal, 3% %; Hud
dersfield and Sheffield Junction, 6 13-16 ; Leeds and West
Riding Junction, 6% ; Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston,
2% ; London and York, 3 ; Manchester and Buxton, 2 9-16 3 ;
Manchester, Sheffield, and Midland Junction, 6% ys ; Newark
and Sheffield, 64 % ; Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver-
hampton, 13/4 ; Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Chester Junction,
5 ; Southport and Euxton, 2% 9-16 ; Trent Valley, 16%
ex new; Paris and Lyons (Ganneron's), 2%; Paris and
Strasburg, 2%.

THE MURDER IN ST. GILES'S.
(FURTHIR PARTICULARS.)
Since the murder of Eliza G rimwood, in the Waterloo-
road, no case of that description equals in atrocity and
cold blooded determination the murder perpetrated on
Monday night, on the body of Ann Tape, but who is a
married woman of the name of Brothers, for some years
separated from her huiband.

It appears that the murderer and the murdered went
to the house at about twenty minutes to eleven o'clock,
and the latter asked an old woman, named Mary Pal-
mer, locum tenens for the landlady, whether they could
have a threepenny bed for the night. Palmer answered
in the affirmative, and the murderer paid her threepence.
Palmer then gave the woman a light, and she and the
murderer entered the inner room, already described.
They had scarcely done so, when Palmer seated herself
on the last step of the stairs " to have a smoke," she
said, and was barely five minutes there when she heard
the parties quarrelling, and perceived, she thought,
the sound of blows. She called out, " What are
you doing to the woman ?" The murderer returned
no answer. Palmer then pushed the outer door
in (the door opening into the street passage), and
advancing to the door of the inner room, saw the de-
ceased sitting on the bed, and the murderer with his
right hand above his head in the act of striking her. The
old woman, Palmer, exclaimed, "Do not beat the poor
woman any more, you have beat her enough already !"
The assassin then rushed out, pushed Palmer aside, and
hurried into the street. His victim rose from the bed,
staggered towards the room door, and fell back in the
inner passage in the position already described. It was
not until then that the aged woman, Palmer, who is near-
sighted, saw the extent of the mischief.
The unfortunate creature was 45 years old, a stout,
strong woman, of once comely features, until dissipation
had disfigured them. She was a married woman, but
abandoned her husband ten years ago. He is still alive,
and lives in George- street. After she left her husband
she lived with a man named Tape, and assumed his name.
He has been dead some time, and since she has led a
life of prostitution. She was well known in St. Giles's,
and was a quiet woman—one of the least ill-behaved of
her class.
The person of the murderer is known to the police,
but not his name. He is somewhat under the middle
height—has broad high shoulders, one higher than the
other. His face is dark and pallid— his hair black, his
whiskers of the same colour, and shaven small. He wore
a rough hair ear, a dark velveteen jacket, and light-
coloured trousers. His age is about thirty.

LATEST PARTICULARS.—(THIS DAY.)
The police are as yet completely in the dark as to the
person who committed this infamous murder. Many
reports were in circulation in the course of yesterday
that the real actor in this diabolical deed bad been taken
into custody ; but these rumours, on further inquiry,
proved unfounded. True it was, that a man named
Medhurt, or Meadows, a widower, with whom the un-
fortunate deceased had, at a former period, cohabited,
had been by the mother of the murdered woman taxed
as the supposed assassin ; but this imputation had been
completely set aside by the positive assurance of the women
in the brothel that Meadows was not the man who had taken
the room in George-street on Monday night. There
is now no doubt, however, that the murderer is known
not only to many of the unfortunate girls in that neigh-
bourhood, but also to the police—known, we mean, by
sight—for his name is, as yet undiscovered. The
latest intelligence at the different police stations adds
nothing to the information given the first day, except
perhaps this somewhat meagre addition, tbat a man,
whose name need not at this stage of the proceedings
be given, called at the police-station, in Marylebone,
and informed the inspector on duty, that he was
fully of opinion that he knew the murderer; that they
had been schoolfellows together, and had been in com-
munication since ; that he (the informant) met him on
the day after the murder, and had been told that he had
enlisted in the East India Company's service. The in-
formant had no doubt from that person's manner, and
from other circumstances that had come to his know-
ledge, that that person had committed the murder.
A constable was at once ordered to go with
the informant to the East India Company's re-
cruiting quarters in Soho-square, for the purpose of
ascertaining if such a person had actually enlisted, and
also of identifying the party. The result of that in-
quiry is as yet unknown, but the whole circumstance
seems too vague to justify any expectation that the real
criminal is the party.
On inquiry at the George-street station-house our re-
porter received the general answer, that no intel-
ligence, calculated to lead to any immediate de
tection of the murderer, had been received, and
consequently it may be confidently stated that nothing
can be certainly known worthy of credence until the pro-
ceedings before the Coroner's inquest shall have been
reported, The warrant for the inquest has not yet been
issued, but it is expected to sit to-morrow.
The house in George-street is still an object of un-
abated curiosity, hundreds of persons attending from
the very earliest hour to gaze at its external features ;
and it is found a matter of necessity to have a posse of
constables in attendance to preserve some degree of order.
The inmates, it need scarcely be added, are under the
surveillance of the police.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, APRIL 2, r.m.—Wind N.E., fresh breeze, and
fine.

SOUTHAMPTON, APRIL I.—Sld. Port Glasgow, St. John's,
New Brunswick ; William Lushington, Quebec ; Tagus
steamer, Constantinople.
PORTSMOUTH, APRIL I.—Wind E.S.E.—Arrd. Switzer-
land, London, and sailed for New York. Sld. Permingliam,
Pernambuco; Aurelian, Quebec.
i.,UNDERLA.ND, 31.—Sid. Brown, St. John's, New
Brunswick.

LIVERPOOL, APRIL I.—Wind S.S. E.—Arrd. Ann Hall, St.
John's, New Brunswick. Put back, Clydesdale, for Africa,
with loss of mainyard, &c. Off Champion, Laguayra ;
Carnia, supposed from Barbadoes ; James Moran, from
Mobile; Cockermouth Castle, Queen Dowager, and Diana,
Sld. Victory and Bahamian, Hong-Kong; Earl
Harewood, Ceylon ; Luna packet, and Wilson, Ichaboe.
BELFAST, MARCH 31.—The Harriet Matilda, bound to
Liverpool, was thrown on her beam-ends yesterday, in a
gale, and was obliged to cut away her masts at the entrance
of the Lough. A steamer has gone to her assistance.
STRANRAER, MARCH 31.—1 t blew a gale yesterday, at
S.W., suddenly shifting in the afternoon to N.W., with in-
creased violence. The Thomas Parker, of and for Dublin, from
Whitehaven, got ashore near here at high water, but has not
sustained much damage. The David, from. Shields to Car-
thagena, stranded in the roads in January last, has driven
higher up, and is now sunk five feet is the sand. The Mary,
of and for Clyde, from Liverpool, has driven ashore near the
David, and is somewhat strained.