The Sun.
London, England, 1826-08-14 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

The intended, or imputed, visit of Mr. Canning to the
French capital, is the subject of earnest conversation every
where; and among no class of politicians more so than;
among tho,;e who interest' themaelves personally and deep-
ly in the effairs of Spain.. There seldom,
.perhaps, .was
struck &Vow of pure diplomacy, more powerftil or more
seasonable than the Portuguese constitution. If Mr.
Canning Were satisfied to let things work out their own
natural misequences, he now might safely rest upon his
arms--arid merely "keeping the ring open '—telling legi-
tithate intruders to stand off, and leaving the two parties
mote directly compromised to act as their own means and
wills impelled them,—the Right Hon. Gentleman might
be secure, that in giving' countenance to a representative
government for Portul, be bad, in fact, extinguished the
brutal despotism which disgraces' the rest of the Peninsti-
la. Bat it is possible that the Secretary for Foreign Af-
fairs may secs in the 'vantage ground thus established, ma-
terials for Carrying, or expethiing by negotiation, objects
which, independently of such a medium, time will more
slowly realize. That such a motive for his French jour-
ney is busily ascribed to Mr. Canning, those who feel a
strong interest in the subject need not be informed ; . nor,
let -Whatever pains be .taken to persuade the world, that
nothing further is in the Right, Hon. Gentleman's con-
templation than a long promised visit to his friend Lord
Granville, will the eoajunction of such planets as a Foreign
Secretary and an Ambassador be regarded by many people
as an occurrence, froM which omens of good or evil are
not justified by every fair principle of vaticimition.—
Timer.

. _
Before the act against stealing from gardens existed,
it is very certain that the species of property contained in
them was insufficiently protected by the law of England.
It was almost- impossible, to take effectual measures for
visiting nocturnal trespassers, with any sort of punishment
which did not convert the injured party into the aggresior,
and encourage a repetition of the 'wrong. Besides, iu
many cases might 'happen that ruffians intending to
attack a house'would make art entry through the garden,
and thus,prepare the means of burglary'or murder, under
facilities afforded them by a .siniple trespass. To furnish
more ample security, as well to householders us to proprie•
tors of gardeni; 'many of whom gained a livelihood by sell-
ing their produce, this garden act we are informed, was
brought in : but we are sure that the„lfegislaturO did not
contemplate the harshoese exercised upon one class of
offenders againet it, :or they never would have lodged in
the hands nose fielding it, .an authority so prompt in ope-
ration, so unguarded. in its extent, and therefore so ex,
tremely liable., to perversion, as the discretionary power,
which we see every day acted on, by country and other
magistrates, in cases where youths of the tenderest age
are brought before them fir the offence of 'Stealing from
The 'clencal vengeance inflicted on 'some little wretches
within this fortnight, was described and noticed as
we felt that its nature, merited; and another 'instunce
which, 'having occurred on Friday nearer home, was
reported in The Times of the day following, ought
not to escape the reader's observation, if it _were
only to. mark the spirit in which our magistruteit
administer certain laws against certain classes of etil
prits. The case Was brought forward at BoW-street,
and we are told that Sir Richard Birnie was so hard
pressed by other
\matters, that this boy-business was
sent before a county Magistrate, sitting, in Mr. Staf-
ford's room. . Sir Richard has been held up to ridicule by
the Tory whippers-in, for: expressions in reference to ano-
ther boy-case, which, as .it seems to ns,.the worthy knight
has no reason ,to be ashamed of, either as a, man, or as a
magistrate. We suspect he had no fancy for administer-
ing Mr. Peel's against a pair of urchins, one of whom
appears to have been 'caught with no less than seven (I)
,apple 4 in his possession, • which had been thrown to him
by his comrade. Weil, after hard pleading by the boys
and their fathers for forgiveness, the two little fellows
were tlizntenced,for 14, days to 'the tread-mill. But the
county trogistrate answered 'their appeals for lenity by
threatening Juno, that if they were not satisfied he would
'would extend the term to six months. Ilere, then, we
beg leave to ask; was this man really vested with power
to inflict the,punishment of captivity and the tread-mill
either for fourteen days or six months, according to his
humour is difficult to. suppose that Mr. Robinson
was mistaken as to the limits of his own authority; and
if he was not', .ive do aver that ,it is perfectly monstrous
to subject the boys of this country to shish a terrible visi-
tation for a delinquency which. every Schoolboy in it has
committed over end overt and this without the interven-
tion of ajury to ascertain the recta, but at the caprice of a
choleric or 'bilioite justice: One might imagine that apples
had been made game by some medern Act of Parliemeet,
from the temper, disclosed in protecting therm—Bid.
In another cOhniiii ivill be found a report of the third
trial to which the treatment of the idiot Smith bus given
rise. The first, for libel, ended in a verdict for -WU
against Thes.Birminglowm Journal; the second, for the
same libel, ing 4/04;0 against The Salopian Journal (the
paper in which it first appeared) for 100/. :The third was
a prosecution directed by the Magistrates of Stafford
against. William) and Timms and Sarah Smith, the bro-
thertand sister of the idiot, for their cruel treatment of
him. It appears that fifty pounds a year was left.by the
father of the idiot in trust for his' support, that he had
been kept in the house of William Smitk,' from whence
lie had been removed to the StaifOrd Luis tie, Asylum,
at the instance of certain Magistrates, in consequence
of the mode in whieh he was - treated. But after the
evidence for' the. prosecution butt been gone through,
Mr. Justice Burrough Would not allow the ease to
proceed ley further, as' it had not been Made to ap-
pear on the part of the prosecutor, that any duty 'what-
ever had been imposed on the defendants to 'take care
of the idiot. There, was, it seems, no relationship of
••iarties merle Out, that coestituted a responsibility on the
elefeedante ; they Were MK mister setvata, parent
or dal ; the only relutiensbip Was that, of fraternity,
and that kindrea of blood could not be drawn in aid of
what must be considered only as a moral, not a, legal oh-
ligation. To such a high authority, we must, of course,
bow with alt due frobmiesion. And yet to an ordinary
app-ehension it duel seem odd, that a person should
pocket ' sum devised for the: maintenance of en idiot,
and receive that idiot into his house, without incurring
,reponsibility for his proper treattrient. A brother or sister
able to provide for the comfort of a person in this melee-
choly state, yet, neglecting tti do fai, Duty be said'to be de-
ficient only in the Aiseharge of a moral duty, because that
degree of relationship iinposei no legal obligetimi on the
party,' But it seems otherwise Wheit a cue is received
for iris support. In the receipt of the Money theme is
surely a' Corresponding obligation to treat the idiot in
proper.. manner. It is true that these relations %vent not
what is teehnically called the Committee of the Idiot, but
surely there is, notwithstanding, a legal obligation on the
owner of the house where the idiot it kept, in return for
the money received for his support, to bestow that
on him, whieli his situation necessarily required.—
With respect to the other brother and the sister, the re-
sponsibility does not seem to clearly made out as in the
wee of the owner of the house.—Morning el,ronicte.

EXTRAORDINARY PRODUCTIVENESt Fltaigs,
—Rousseau, a French anatomist, found in a sturgeon, 1,437,656 ;
in a mackirel,l9.9,ooo ; a perch,69,216 ;in a carp, 167,400 ;
and in u pike, 166,400 roes; Lewittliock found 1084,000 i t il
cod fish of ordinary size. The numberless legions of liming:,
which,. hi June, remove from the Orkneys' tuwartl,i tint English
coast 4 are well known. Two months before, they, give notice ot
their ippraach. by a sort of avant-guard, which is accompanied by
great swarms of gulhi, and other sea 4WI, that prey upon them,
The gTal.ta.mass of the herring shoal Ilivides itself into two co-
lumnsoaohlroui five to six. English miles long, and foto three to
four broo't -;Auclurviei ixitnvoe in as surprising a manner, if we
are to Jud,,,,-e from the immense numbers which annually resort to
the coast of Cornwall. Dr. inflate mentions, that in 11137, in
the * St..lveir- 7,000 barrtla' Ma were caught, each barrel
.coutaining 240t000,,000 in nue day.

TA'.4:-4.-t:.
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MANSION4IOUSE.7—CHARGi: or FORGElti'.—Saturday,
R. Ripu n'pereon Who his the appearance of a traveller,
was brought before the Loan Mivon, charged witti having corti
witted a forgery.
Mr. Lei Wilson, of the House of Wilson and Company,
of Wond-street, Clieup..lide, stated, that the prisoner went
to the warehouse on the 25th of October last, and looked at some
silk, to the amount of nearly one hundred and fifty pounds. lie
selected a quantity, and presented, in payment, a hill, purporting
to he an acteptance of Mr. Robert Mitchell, &man of respectabi-
lity in Cornwall, and to be drawn by Mr. Rh-hard Thomas ; 'the
' prisoner put his name on the back 'of the bill, after having given
a reference as to the character of the two parties, Which satisfied
the Witness, who paid the difference between the amount of the.
bill in his possession, without any chipici,ol that there was any in-
Correctness in it, until the day it became due, when he ascertained
that the names of both draWer and acceptor had been forged.
Mr. Ituniphreys attended for the prisoner, but merely re-
quested that the ease should stand over. The prisoner was accord-
ingly remanded.
MARYLEBONE.--On Saturday, a daughter of Admiral Sir
Oeorgo Collyer, charged Mr. Watkins,' the surgeon; in George-
street, Manaester-square, with an assault.
On Friday night, oe rather Saturday morning, about one o'clock,
Miss Collyer returned from a friend's house in Gloucester-plane,
attended 'by a man-servant,' who, as soon as she arrived at the
house of Mr. Watkins, where she has apartments, left her.- She
rang the house-bell, and instead of a maid-servant. (as she ex-
pected) opening the door, it was opened by a shop-boy,' with a
rushlight in his hand, which the wind extinguished. The boy
left her in a' few minutes in the daN, and feeling herself neglected,
she rang the night-bell, Mr. Watkins called the boy up stairs;
and wished triknow what was the matter? Miss Collyer told
him, he was " an excessive ill-tired man," not to let a maid-ser
vant remain up, and furnish"her with a proper light. Being still
left in darkness, she rang the night-bell once or twice more. Mr.
Watkins then came down in his shirt only, seized her by the
arms, and said, "- you cursed brute, get out ;" and threw her vio-
lently into the.etreet. She caught the iron-railing, otherwise
must have fallen. lie shut the door, and she was under the t;-
ceseity of returning to her friend's house to sleep.
Mr. Watkins said, he heard Miss Collyer come in, and after a

few minutes, the night-bell was wrung five or six times succes-
sively. lie supposed the ringing was fur him, as a professionat
man. When the boy told him it was Miss Collyer, he said if she
did not desist he must come down, undressed' as he was. When
he got down stairs she called him "a dirty fallow," in the most
horrid way possible.
William, the boy, was brought forward as a witness in his mu-
ter's favour. William's testimony. was, that his master desired
him to get a light for Miss Collyer.
Mr; Bitormurox-,-Mr.Watkins, this is mentlewoman, a single
woman, and ais inmate of your house, and as such, she was enti-
tled to your respect and protection. 1 think you have conducted
yourself with great impropriety, and have given her just grounds
for the present charge, Mi. Griffiths entertains the same opinion
of your Crindmi; and we Should require you to find bail to an-
swer for it elsewhere, were it not that all Miss Collyer seeks, is
protection from your violence. You must therefore enter into
your own recognizance of 201, to keep the peace, towards her;--
and, as she is ready to pay you, the rent due
,for the apartments,
you must immediately give up the property belonging to her which
they contain.
HATTON GARDEN.--Daniel Hemmett was charged with
stealing a silver mounted pistol, with a pair of plated snuffers
and stand.

In his defence the prisoner said that the articles were giveithini
by Oranger at the corner of Warner-street, who told him to run
away and he would meet him in Bath street.
Edward% here stated, that the prisoner had confessed to him
having taken the articles, and pleaded distress.as the curse.--He
was folly
R decent, looking awn, pained was charged by a lady;
named Woolley, 'voiding in tike4street: West Smithfield, with
selling and pledging a quantity of table-linen, shirts, napki►ts, ite,.
intrusted to his wife:, to. mangle.
The pawnbroker proved their being pledged by the prisoner.
Mr. Rocatts then ordered a summons to be issued for the at-
tendance of the salesman, and remanded the prisoner till Wednes-
day.
..

Mr Baron Grahatn, while presiding at the trial!. of
Russel and ,Leany at Lewes Assizes ' far" poisoning
Russet's husband, sent the following: note to Mr.
Evans; the Surgeon, who had given his testimony in a
very modest and scientific manlier :-- .
" AlloW in 'Old Man respectfully to state,' that you are one
of the many ornaments I have of late years observed in your pro- .
fession. There is, I really believe, no profession in which greater
improvement has been made in the last Rh years; and it particu-
larly appears in the younier part."—Linroln Mercury.
MAW STAIIBItD.---:-An awful instance of the effects
of intoxication occurred about two o'clock on the morning of
Tuesday last. it appears, that a man named Grainger; residing
It Netherton, had been, with several others, to Dudley fair on
Monday, and Inid'staid late, and, with his companions, had drank
much ; a quarrel ensued, and some blows were exchanged between
Grainger and a person from Brockmoor, named Jones: this was,
however; amicably adjusted, and the parties proceeded homewards.
They had not got far when Grainger was again beset, and, in a
second scuffle, he received a stab, or rather a rip, with a knife
between the naval and the groin. The wound is at least four
iothes in length. Thipoor fellow instantly felt his bowels rush
into his shirt; an alarm was raised, and Dr. Roberts immediately
attended, and did all that skill could accomplish, but the unfortu-
nate man now' lies without the:slightest hopes of recovery. His
trowels protruded in a most frightful mauner, and were. actually.
hanging about his knees. Jones was secured, ansl has this after-
noon (Tuesday) been fully identified by Grainger as the person
who stabbed him. Greinger is a married man, aiwat 30 years of
age.--zilirthingham chronicle.
M. Ouvrard Was horn, be informs us, in the year
1770, on the borders of Bretagne and Poitou : his father, Oliver
Ouvrard, was an extensive proprietor of paper-Mills ; and his first
attempt in the way of trade was made upon the breaking out of
the French revolution, when, seeing that the new liberty of the
press, joined to the contentious .temper of the time, was likely to
multiply books and pamphlets ten times. beyond their former
amount, he purchased, at a hazard, the whole, product of anumber
of paper-manufactories for the succeerliug two years, and realized
(as he hail expected) a very considerable profit by the rise of the
commodity. This was a dashing speculation for a man not more
than twenty years of age, and gave tato perhaps that the adven-
turer should be—as he certainly. became—great in the Way of
loans and premiurus hereafter. As the tumult of the revolution
gave all ifriptihe to,all active spirits, M. Ouvrard, for a short
period, quits the desk, and becomes a soldier ; and, 'about
this tune at the parties given by Madame Tallien, (still a
particular
friend of our contractor's) he :describers his mee-
•
inqs with a number of persons, -then in private stations,-
who have since played considerable parts in the theatre of the
world. Among these was Barre.s, (then, however, already high
in power), 1791 anti 1792 ; Roche, of whom art odd anecdote is
told, of a jesting prediction by Buonaparte, that he would die in
his bed ; Madame Beauhareqis, who was soon afterwards married
to Buonaparte ; and last, the future Emperor himself, then only
,4„,n officer of artillery. 01 all the visitere in this circle, he %qv,
monsparte was among the least attended to ; and air incident is
related which would show his pecuniary circumstance.' to have
been very far indeed from easy. .A certain decree of the f' Com-
mittee &Public Safety" allowed " cloth sufficient to make a
uniform" to every officer in " active service.". Buonaperrer
among others, applied for his share of this distribution,
hurt was refused by the issoiug commissary, upon the ground
that his brigade • was trot actually in the advance. Otttbie, he Went to Madame Tarn, who gave hint a letter of re-
eommeodation to tire authorities concerned ; and, thus armed, the
p at bn
uri: liicilio, win to why the dotinieh of Europe made a second ap-
t ,widcitalic 70141:41totuxelii.itey
,oibitwath:veede;ltii.itillietnoaii,naarlttee
aphidmsbeillifiAethiel; ‘%`vlertashiitl:
, ::t. culotte truniforme." M. Otweard supposes that some slight
some measure:the Cattse of unary of the• persecutions which be
: r Ft" Pall tit
tt'ilLl '11,111..
~.
~ t.
trio,,.
.: . I A.
~,,,,:Lyi,,,,alyi-twpaue:tittvi!igliiiel'a,;rheolwldezjrt,hteutti,sittutioai,;:,e,
;:iltr.t.aer,,,'kioi w: r;, t 'o• hot , . : him- W
) the day of the L.:lth V, ~i,iiiltiri,.
foitUnc. . ith
tei rear :rt:ulflicient of BUOthi-
whlechTM itarynced tlfraitt: tile.tl7, of
1 the "Directory ;'' he then Went hwh; a(t'ollecommand'e the
1 army of Italy, aud 0 lay the ,--- ~. ) r. ante, to •
.4.7 mut txtion of tux after extraordinary

[AERIDORD FROM A LETTXR IN TNT RDINRURGH COURANT.]
Greenock presented a,seene of great bustle and activity.
In addition to the stir occosionedby the arrival of several
large Weit India ships, the number of persons who had
docked from various parts of the country to see the United
Kingdowi, and the arrival of the nitirierous steam-boats of
the Clyde with passengers and parties of pleasure, an cantributed to make the first trip of this magnilieent vessel an
event of greac general interest. Having Secured a good
.birth in the principal sleeping cebin, 1i
.commenced an exa-
mination of the other apartments, and do not remember
ever to have been more astonished or gratified. The ex-
tent and quality of the accommodation afforded to passen-
gers,
and the general style of splendid elegance combining
comfort and utility, which every part of the ship exhibits,
must; I think, render the United 'Kingdom an object of
great curiosity to every one interested in "the progress of
steani navigation. The length of the vessel is 175 feet.
Her breadth '45 feet. - She-has two engines of -100-Horse
power _each, and the.number of beds which can easily be
made up for passengers is about 150.
The hour appointed for saislieiaigawt as
ttfitvie owu'rc.lcierrk,haensdeete
vessele 'Nciv ausayn eoarf
iLrereena(oclyk foarnd around the vessel, had now
become most interesting. Thousands of people lined the
Shores, and six or seven steamers, crowded with ladies
and gentlemen, sailed round their more majestic Mother—
the United Kingdom appearing as the hen, and the cock-
boat steamers like her ehiekenl. At length a gun was
fired, mid the anchor being a-trip, another, the signal for
" setting on," a steam phrase for, sailing. The last gun'
was answered by several from the shore, and the pleasure
yachts around us, and amid general cheering from . the
shore, answered from the vessel, at 7 o'clock, P.m. the
United Kingdom commenced her adventurous career. All
the way along the bank of the river from Greenock to be-
low Gourock, much cheering took place between the pen-
pie on shore and those on deck,' and various salutes were
fired faun guns placed at different stationson,land. We
passed over the precise spot where the Comet was run
down by the Ayr. he wreck of the unfortunate little
vetisel, the'first steam-boat on the Clyde, was observed on
the beach. At half-past eight tea was announced, and.
the grand saloon presented a sight seldom or never before
witnessed at sea. Upwards of 120 passengers were seat-
ed at the different tables in the room, and all were equally
well and comfortably accommodated. The tea serviceis
of beautiful China, with plates, &c. to correspond. There
was no scrambling nor bawling, but every thing went on
in the most smooth and quiet manner. After a few short
visits to the deck; which the Wind and rain had rendered
rather uncomfortable,,preparations for bed commenced, and
in the course of an hour the hum and bustle of the ship
had 'sunk into stillness and repose. I had before remark-
ed the uncommon, " sweetness" of the movements of the
engines, and when in bed I was more fully satisfied of their
admirable construction. Theunpleasant tremor and periodi-
cal stroke, which shakes most steam-vessela, were scarcely
perceptible when the ear was close upon the pillow, and
this being the position when the noise is Most easily heard
and most annoying, it is almost unnecessary to remark that
good sound sleep was generally enjoyed. 'ln spite of the
wind being dire,ctly a-head; andthetide during the greater
part of the night adverse, we found ourselves about
four, on Sunday morning, close under the precipitous
promdntory of the Mull of Csaityre.. We encountered a
very heavy swell off this most southerly point of our
voyage, but the United Kingdom here proved itself a most
excellent sea-boat, and went steadily onward at a rate not
short of ten knots an hour. The wind and swell as we
neared Islay, moderated, but the rain; unfortunately, poured
in torrents. Those who ventured, towards the forenoon;
on deck, were gratified with a sight of the celebrated'
" Paps of irons,', and it was expected by sonic, hid the
Weather been more favoniable, that we might have ven-
tured near the northern point of Islay, and obtained a
glimpse of the famous whirlpools of Corryvrechan. As it
wan, this could not be aceorniAished; and we now stood
straight for the Sound of Mull. You, Tin doubt, remern.
bar Wtudinigton IrVintes der:4,61,64m of a wet Sunday in a
country inn—but that picture, deplorable though it be, is
nothing to a wet day at sea. This tedium, however, was
relieved in a most unexpected.and most appropriate
ner—the Rev. Dr. Stewart of Erskine--a Gentleman
universally'reapeeted among his brethren, and celebrated
for his skill in. pulmonary complaints-7-was asked to
perform divine worship in the course of the day. The
Reverend Gentleman immediately assented, and the
bell heving been rung at one o'clock, the whole pas-
sengers assembled in the principal cabin; after an ap-
propriate prayer, he delivered a Meta energetic and inte-
setting discourse from the text,'" Sanctify the Lord God
in your hearts." 1 know not whether 'it was the impres-
sive,nattire-of the sermon itself, or the novelty of the
situation, but sure ins I that the truths of the blessed
Gospel have seldom been more devoutly listened to, or
devotional feeling more keenly awakened.
At two o'clock we entered the Sound of Muhl,a narrow

passage between that island and the main land. As the
clouds passed away we caught occasional glimpses of the
bright green glades of Mull' on the one side, and the more
classical and romantic hills of Morven on the 'other. Nor
did the latter lose much of their interest or sublihtity be-
cause " the mists were on, the hills Of Morven! and the
wind sighed o'er the, grassy mound where slumber the
ashes of our fathers I', . The castle of Ardtorniah, the
accident sea of the Lord of the Isles, and the. spot where
the Poem of that name is laid, 'is situated, on a romantic
promontory on the Morven side of the Sound. The castle
is in ruins, but at one'timeit must have been a place of
prodigious strength., We anchored off the village' of
Tobermory at four o7clock, having run About 240 miles,
the wind unfavourable the. whole way, in 21 hours. The
dinner was a most plentiful one. The liquors provided
were excellent of their kind. Champagne, Claret, Madeira,
Port, and Sherry, not to omit some beautiful old rum,
which with the aid of good lemons, limes, and iced water,
was converted, by the skilful hands of the Glasgow con-
noisseurs, into equally beautiful ruin pinch. Some gen-
tlemen, who went ashoreafter dinner,preferred Tobermory
whisky, and returned quite loquacious in its praise. The
crops in Mull are fir advanced, and generally excellent.

There is indeed throughout the whole of the western
islands, every prospect of an abundant harvest. I never
saw more luxuriant crops of potatoes, which are here ex-
tensively ,cultivated. We left Tobermory , on Monday
morning at five o'clock, having remained at anchor for 13
hours, and proceeded round the western point of the
island, towards Staffa. The wind, however, had been
blowing so, strong 'front the west during the'night, that on '
nearing the island, a heavy surf was found beating, and the
pilot declared it unsafe to take the vessel close,
sand quite
impracticable to land the passengers on it., The 'hip was
accordingly put about, and we proceeded on our course.
After passing the island of Rum, the weather began to
clear up, mid our progress along the bold and p_icturesque
head-lauds of Skye was rapid and delightful. Front Dit.
vegan Head, we stretched aeross the Minch to Harris, and
Thekt
het t
nauile
firtiel,erritrnebolollysn
idoseslvieus
nuw beautifully' that isle a
dear '
an'dlerLw e
rete, i sa.:d
around [list, t‘c. were distinctly seen
from the ship. Numerous parties promenaded the spa-,
cious,decks—ueveral getitlemen amused themeelves in
shooting the various sea4owi/of which there were a consi-
derable number-,-while chests, backgammon, whist, and
.piequet engaged the attention of those less interested in
=
til,t.emronwtaentailicesheoertetedryatofsttohiarnwoway,
wildhaving run from Totter-
mory, a distance of 147 miles, in 14 hours. In a few on-
nutes' the village' seemed to have emptied itself of inhabi-
country. At seven o'clock,
tants, for every boat that could float, bore grotipes of men,
women, and children, to behold what the greater'number
had never seen before, namely it steam-vessel. Capt. Oman
gave order that their curiosity. should be gratified to the
fullest extent.. At five 0'1(404, on Tuesday morning, we
found ourselves passing that
_most aPprOpititeiy-MtMed
iirOMOMOri Ciipe Wrath, the sea running tremendously
hi 11, with a
.414 1;Ortc;; in our AVOW' from the

south-west. , A ceremony, similar, to that observed in
crossing the line,' is often undergone hersq. but in: conse,
quence of the earliness of the, hour, it was omitted, We
stood across the western entrance of the Pentland Frith,
and: the best teat of the' United Kingdom being a good sea
boat is, that, even in that deep water and heavy swell from
the west, she rolled in a very trifling degrees and kept,
Without any pressure'of steam, her rate steadily at more
than ten knots an hour. We passed clOse under the stii•
pendous cliffs of the island of Hoy, and, on entering
Stromniss Bay, discovered' the bead' lined with specta-
tors, whom the novelty .of a steam vessel bad attracted to
the shore. 'As at Tobermory and Stornoway, the United
Kingdom was in a few minutes crowded with visitors—
and besides the common people of: the town, several par-
ties of ladies and gentlemen came on board, and expressed
themselves very highly delighted with the splendour of
the ship, and the extent of accommodation it afforded.
The passengers went on shore, and the whole stock of
gloves of a manufacture peculiar to the place was soon
purchased:: A most extensive manufactory of straw bon-
nets is' established here, and the specimens I saw were
much more beautiful than any. Leghorn. They are in
great demand, and sell as high as four pounds on the
spot. Rye, when sown-very thick, and on rather poor
soils, produces the straw most valued far thit manu-
facture. I must not forget to mention the poor fisher-
man of Strombess,•who, you willrecollect, was, along with
his wife and a boy, driven out to sea in a small skiff', and
almost miraculously preserved. We brought them with
us from Greenock, and their story made a deep impression
on us all. Nearly 61. was collected and given them, for'
which they appeared most grateful. It will 'enable them
to buy a new boat, and clothes for their children. The
poor woman had been in very bad health before the acci-
dent, but is now quite well—the fright she says has cured
her. We left Stronuiess at 2 o'clock on Tuesday after-
noon, and saw the tide in the' Pentland Frith in great per-
fection. A small sloop, under all its canvass, with a slight
breeze from the, west, was carried round and round,: and
even the Unitcd Kingdom did not steer with that preci-
sion which she did in higher seas. Wheii off Wick, we
encountered the herring fleet, consisting, as we calculated,
of nearly 2,000 boats. It presented by far the most ani-
mated and interesting picture of .British enterprise and in-
dustry I ever saw. The boats stretched from the bay at
Wick' to' where we were, a distance of nearly six miles,
the space being completly filled with them. The number
of seamen engaged in the fishing at this station is suppos-
ed to
,be 12,000,' and it gives employment for several
months in the year to upwards of 20,000 men, women,
and children, at Wick and the neighbourhood. We hail-
ed a boat, and were told that the fishing last meekrhad
been tolerably successful, but that on Monday night very
little was done.. I need not detail our voyage further. I
close this long letter by telling you that, after travelling
7.50 miles, in 73 hours, excluding stoppages, I landed at
Newhaven at 7 P.M., delighted with my trip, and greatly
pleased with the many intelligent and agreeable companions
the voyage had made me acquainted with.
I am, &c: yours. •

ON THE ORIGIN OF. GYPSIES.
(Flom R. HOVLAND'S Inwrmucat. *twin%)

" Various are the conjectures which have been indulged, and
the coincidences which have been sought for, in order to obtain a
solution of the query, " WHAT RACE OF PEOPLE ARE THE
GYPSIES ?"

,t Whoever ,ir,disposed to refer to Continental writers, may see
more than thirty different opinions started upon this subject,
founded on no better authority than some similarity of appellation,
garb, complexion, or unsettled way of life.
" They were sometimes' Torlaques, Kalendars, qr Faqu4s,
The Torlaques and Mahometan Monks, who under the pretence
of holiness, are guilty of the most flagrant excesses. Bajazet the
Becond banished them from the Turkish empire in 1494. The
Kaleddars wander about in heathen countries, as the Gypsies do
among Christians. The Faquirs ate religious fanatics ; and rove
about in heathen and Alahometan countries, like the most atroci-.
ous robbers.

. _
" With regard to strolling and thieving, the Vaquirs and the
Gypsies agree exactly.- Thiinuutint, Orisolini, and the English
Krognspher Salmon, imasined3hat When Suiten Salim conquered
Egypt us tti 17, eeveret.4, t4ei: natives refusing
,to submit to the
Turkish yoke, revolted under one Zingtineus.
" Authentic documents show that they were in Germany, hely,
and France, near a century before the conquest of Egypt by Selim.
" Yet the belief that Gypsies were of Egyptian origin is paral-
lel with their existence in Europe. It arose from the report cir-
culated.by the first of them, that they were pilgrims from Egypt ;
and this statement was not only adopted by the cowmen people,
but here and there obtained credit among men of learning. - •
" But it is not merely that their Egyptian geseent is entirely
destitute of proof, but that the most circumstantial evidence: can
be adduced against it.
" Their language differs entirely from the Coptic, and their
customs, as Aliesiliis Fritsch has remarked, are diametriCally
opposite to the Egyptian ; but what is, if possible, of greater weight,
they wander about in Egypt like strangers, and there as in other
countries, form a distinct people.
" The testimony of Bellonius is full and decisive on the point.
He states No part of the world, I believe, is free from those
banditti,. wandering about in troops ;' whom we, by mistake, call
Gypsies and Bolitinians. When we were at Cairo, and the vil-
lages bordering on the Nile, we found . troops of these strolling
thieves sitting under palm trees ; and they are esteemed foreigners
in Egypt.' ,
" Aventin expressly makes Turkey their original place, of ren-
dezvous ; and this furnishes, a reason for the south-east parts of
Europe being Moot crowded with them. If all that came to
Europe passed by this route, it accounts for a greeter number re-
maining in tholes countries, than in others to which they would
have a much longer travel; and before their arrival at which
tlieir hordes might be inuckdivided.
" Grellman asserts, that the Hindoatanee language- has the
greatest affinity with that of the Gypsies. He . infers from the
following considerations, that Gypsies are of the lowest class of
Indians, named Pariare, or, as they are called in Hindostan,
Suders.

" The whole great nation of !Mums is known to^ be divided
into four ranks, or stocks, which are welled by a Portuguese name,
castes ; each of which. has its own particular subdivisions!, Of
these castes, the fourth is that of the above-mentioned Was;
who upon the peninsula of Malabar, where their condition is the
same as in Hindoatan, are called Pavia, and Pariers.
" The caste of finders was to be subservient to the Bramins,
the Tschecteries, and the Reis. These Sutlers are held in die.
dein, they are considered infamous and unclean, front their occu-
pation, and they are abhorred because they eat flesh ; the three
other• castes living entirely on vegetables.
Of this very caste it will appear, by the following compari-
son, our Gypsies are composed. We have seen that' the Gypsies
are in the highest degree filthy and disgusting; and with regard
to character, depraved and fraudulent to week and these are ale'
qualities of the Sutlers.

•
" Belden' says, the Patin are a filthy people, and wicked
crew, who in winter steal much cattle, &e.
" Moreover Nenhof assures us the Pittllal are full of 'every
kind-or dishonesty ; they do not consider lying and cheatiug.to
he sinful, as they have no other custom or maxims among them.
The Gypsey's solicitude to eoncesil his language is also, a striking
Indian trait. -

Fortune-telling is practised all over the East; but the peen.
liar kind professed by the Gypsies, viz. chiromancy., constantly
referring to whether the parties shall he rich or poor, happy or
unhappy in marriage, &c. is no where to be met with hut in
• gaild-lorcery.

,he wail

ballsiwu
whiz
i.:
A curious event occurred, _nes oi
Guillottiere, in Dauphiny. ' The village doctor returning quietly
too well.grouuded, struck him, and
on hie pad from visiting
a patientl,awtaselYs:ddil suddenly accosted by a
taking his centime from his pocket,
whihmeninheakbeea4rnd twtiotrbaall"
*ought to evade the object of bis fears-
Opr
briuirn.iseriaibefev-il,ooti miserable-lucking in female attire, who begged charity
movement, as if to take something from her pocket, 4 inepielon,
be hamediataly informed the authorities, who set
tewwubittitcoiinchhg.epiier:ipace.:tihii..isevitosnergeliiiteyihi
ileantiailteli:jeatehrteestu beforepaeei ,
about his ears, fortunately without touching him. On,arriving
about finding the perpetrator, whom` they found in a field of rye,-
in the act of taking,olf her rage and making a profitable exchange
fur a liandsome silk-dress and leghorn bonnet, which she had con-
cealed in a basket. Site. was imunxiiately led to the Afayor, and
et the village,
colik•ented with . the,dottur, . when who should she torn out
to be but his wife ! She, it appears, had set about distributing
pills of a different nature from thou of her husband. They had
-lived separately for some time. On being ttestioned et to the
cause of her proceeding, she stated thatq her husb
it was to brinyand
' 0 nano tor Pcricle Papri .

CORONER'S INQUEST.

• •
On Tuesday evening last an ingots was held„st•the Shoulder
of Mutton public-house; by Mr. Bari, coroner ffir- this Bitiough,•'
upon the body of Chides Stewart, a woulering,rtiendinant,mbOl,k
if the following evidence be correct, hanged hittnelfin
siou, produced by the bugs which disturbed his repose :•--(swine
gtewart said, the deetaserwas my husband ' - 'we had been tin ;,--
tr-,'
vied ten years., ye had been living together the last ilbt ro on t kis
and left Glasgow two months ago to come to England. My hus-
band was a horse-breaker. About,. two years: ago he • lad a fell-;;;,
from a horse, which hurt his leg ; it got: went but with travelling
it inflauted, We came to Leeds eight 'days ago, and lodged it an -
Irishman's fiouse, •in Paley's galleries. We have lived in ..tell W:
begging. He was to have gonnto-day for some horses to
wold, I think for Mr. Williamson. He went ; out yesterdiy
begging, and came home in the afternoon. He went to
liameon in the evening, to speak about the horses. He Came hoine •
about seven or eight o'clock, took his supper,and was guile .•
hearty. He went to bed about eleven o'clock, and I went abut !,-.
twelve. lie was asleep when I got to bed. Nobody slept in the
room but our two selves. During the night he awoke and said to
" kitty, I cannot get any rest for bugs."' I said,." When
morning comes I will see where the bugs are, Charley." -This
was about two o'clock in the morning. He never fell asleep, but
tumbled about upon the bed, and then went to another bed whish
was in the room. - I told him he would get his death of cold, and
said, " Come to your own bed, Charley," and he did so. 'He .
then said, if he did not go for the horses he would •go to seine
other town, and I said, very well. About break of day, I bole.
hint to be a good lad and lie still, as it was of no use to be tossing.
about so. He was a hard swearing man, and he said, "D—u
and b— the bugs, I'll be d..-41 if I'll lay in this heti." He then
got up and flew to a rope that was hanging above the bed, slid
which had been so all the tune we were there. I said to: hit*,
" For God's sake, Charles, don't do the like of that." I thought
when be made the preparation, he was going to hang himself.
ran down stair► naked, and alarmed the people in the house. The
landlord went up stairs with me, and when we got there my
huy-
band was hanging. The landlord cut hint down. He was then
dead.. A quarter of an hour elapsed between my going down •
stairs and returning. His feet were very near touching the
ground. My husband was singing, and was quite. hearty last
night after Kipper, and went out and bOught ine some pears and
plume. I perceived no difference in his manner, except that- he'
thought his• leg would not get well. In bell he discoursintwith
use, and told me the towns lie would go to when be left lode.
He has often attempted to hang himself. He often compleine4 of
hie leg, it was very sore and inflamed. He was subject to Of,
passion, and often had the cramp upon the stomach. Mattlialle
Hunter deposed, that the deceased and his wife lodged in his house,
and that about four o'clock in the morning he was called up by
the deceased's wife • that he went to his bed-room, and foundtito
hanging at the bed-foot ;he cut him down, but he was gni*
dead. Hannah Dennison deposed to nearly the same facts. flit
Corener then recapitulated the evidence, and the Jury, Oft"
short deliberation, found a verdict of Felo-de-se; in consequence
of which verdict, the deceased was interred, in the church-1049f
the parish church, on Wednesday night, at half-put ,eleve?
o'clock, without the funs service being read. He Was.s gem-
looking man, about SO years of age, and came originally from the
neighbourhood of Ferrybridge. —Leeds ilercvri.

We are sorry to learn that the steam boats fitted
out in aid of the Greek naval warfare have been de-
tained in the river ; by whose interference, or on what
plea, has not transpired.
The Prince of IVlontfort, Jerome Bunnaparte, has
a villa near Ancona. This villa he was desirous late-
ly, of visiting. He accordingly requested posP°Tts
from the Papal Government to proceed thither, but
was refused. The ex-King is said in a French parer
to have been robbed at this villa last year. WhY, '
therefore, he wished to return to it, it is not easy to
conjecture.

MEETINGS OF CREDITORS.

LONDON DIARY,
thDI:l CourtßY .
J. Adams, Unio(n-street, Southwark, oilman at 11 1%
of iliCoTtnlaiss At
io'ne Aretl.a)Vn 16.
E.. Bishop, Sheerness, banker,
Crucifix and Smith, Strand, blacking-makers •• lt
J. Steen), Butcher-row, East Smithfield, yeast-merchant...
J. Wanes), Abchurch-lane and Leicester-square, dentist ... 1!
Wilkinson and Mule-aster, Wood-,street, warehousemen.-- I*
T. Worrall, Park-street, Hatiover.square, tavern-keeper ... 11

COUNTRY DIARY.
W. Bates, Ilalifax, at the Court-house, Leeds at 12
E. Biggs, Birmingham—Hotel, Birmingham
'l'. Cooke, jun. Birmiaghani—Mr: Parke's' Birminghaw • 12
-- J. Dixon, WalaillWoolpack, Birmingham
J. Hargrave, Airfield—Sessions-house 'Wakefield .........
P. Johnion, Runcorn—Messrs. Berer's, Warrington l°
W. B. Smith, Sedgity—Hotel, Birmingham .. . .
W. Spurrier, Walsall=--Hotel, Birmingham

COUNTRY CORN MARKETS

DURING GAIT' Wit/CIC.

Peso'.

Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Beans.
Per Quarter. s. tV s. s. to a. a. to s. i. to 1. at°
Andover 52 56 29 30 II 30 46 5$
Bath 56 66 st 96 is 34 42 64 •"-
47 54 30 33 23 28 48 50
BridfleWater 63 68 - 33 - 22 - 40
Brietol 58 61 38 42 26 30 52 56
Carlisle - 42 - 34 -
Colchester,.
„„„. 56 66 28 30 24 30 38 40 33 44'
Daventry
Doncaster 56 60 27 35 24 32 44 41
Gloucester—_, 56 60 36 40 28 36 54 02
Hexham,„ - ,„,•-•
Leeds 56 58 32 • 37 21 26 30 115 .4,
Leicester...-...-. 60 65 36 3$ 30 35 50 54 •"'
Lincoln 59 62- - 26 29 - .50 -
Loughborough— - 62- 32 32 54 - "*"
Louth 48 56 29 36 23 27 44 46
48 55 24 35 22 in 42 44 -- ~, •
MarketHarboro'.... 69 62 38 48 30 33 Al 54
Morpeth 53 62 32 35 24 27 - 45
Newcastle 52 61 24 32 37 33 44 46 34 ...
goms" _ -
50 62 36 34 24 so 62 56 AA 56
Sandwico 56 63 30 33 3) 40 48 •-,„
Sheffield S 4 62 27 38 24 30 , 50 s' --
Shepton Mallet - 58 58 37 42 33 34 58 80 -
58 64 -.
- - -
I 53 60 36 40 0
28 32 -
Rtirlastlr 'VI 151 32 43 38
-
Wakettelit.....-.-. 45 63 29 36 tel 30 44 5°
Wantage--.--.. 54 62 9(l 32 26 32 44 46 -*
Winchester ........ 58 - - 64
Yarmouth 52 58 24 28 26 48 39 4°„,„,
Yeovil 31 54 as 33 33 32 62 ao
York 56 64 32 34 22 24 46 5.11
Per Bushel. 1. d. s. ti. s. d. s.d. 5.41. s. d s.d. 4.0. 1„ )*7 0 0„,
Birmingham....-8 8 905 (I 60 4 3 49- 7 4 9 A" 0!
Bodmin 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 „" 6 0
!
Buckingham....-- 1 6 60 5 0 654 0 , 4 6 0 6 ? 0 !
Cheltenham.,.,.... 80 00 50 00 40 00 70 $ p 0 v,,
Coventry 76' 80 4 54 4 50 66: 7 0 9
Hereford 10 0 11 07 0 00 0 0 40 8 0 10 0 0 !
Newcastle (Star.) 10 0 10 40 0 00 5 6 59 8 0 ft .4
as 0 0, AY
Northallerton 73 0 46. 70 36 40 00 • o 6- 0 '4
Orford BO 00 00 00 00 00 00 ' 0 0 0 '
Peruith 0 0 8 10.0 41) 4,4 0,4, 0 0 t 0 0
Shrewsbury
0p
Stafford
Warwick' .........»7 8 80. 4 3 56 43 40 6 8 ••7 AlO 0 -
Worcester 7 6 7 8 4 0 50 4 0 4 6 6 8
BarnPerardcallVlle'l9°
......... 12 6 37 6 9 0 10 3 7 0 9 0.11 0 13 10
Darlington —l3 0 16.0 8 6 00 7 0 9 019.0 13 0. .1
*, A
0
Durham 14 0 16 09 0 10 3_ 0 0 9010 0 if, "00
Stanhope . 130 140 00 10 70 00 00 0 00-
Stockton l3 3 14 30 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wolsingham ..... 15 0 17 010 0 00 76 90, 0 0 0

00 a°
00 °
66 „0
00
60 „-a
SO
0.
0.0 "-
11 0 d 0:
-a.
t 0 0—
O a°
00 na°o'
60,7,0
400 i•

110 1°:
10
PS °0
° "0
00 0
0 il°o
00 - °
0

BIRT
101lalintl.leofia2tsohni.tist., Mrs, WilliamH. Morice, of Parroo's-g•reel,

On the 10th inst., at Wakefield, Yorkshire, Mr. B. J•2l°Trildic;
worth; of St. Paul'irchurch-yard, London, to Mho P 8
Hoh'swarth, of Belle isle, Wek.efiebl t: bee.
On the 10th inst., at Chetwynd, by the Rev. Gilbi" 1,01
mitt, IL A., William Owen Jackson, of the Inner Temple, of
don, and of Long Ashton, in the county of t;omeraet, Esq;!, of
rister-at-law, to Catherine Elizabeth Billiton, eldest 1104"1,4...
Win. Phillips, of Cbetwynd-house, in the county of Bahl):
On the Bth inst., at Old Aberdeen,by the Rev. Dr. 6114...itit
Arthur Thomson; -Esq., Manager of the Aherik.,,o sesii kit
neurl7
IC:temolif anCY lctauttan .ridgeti eldestdaughter of John Anderson,
t I•=B4'
On the 1301 inst., at St. Mart'n's Church; 'John
late of Tottenham-court road, to Ellen,, „end daughter of
Simpson, Esq. of Hampstead.

DED.
On the 2 I
Bth instant, at the house of her brother, St'
square, 111antheater, diaryßinyon, aged 11 of a rapid dediPto,,,,-
___

Printed Ind Pui)listed by YOITSG:at Mitft yo-
No. • lit, Strand.