The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-17 00:00:00

AM.

LONDON, FRIDAY, MAY 17, 1844.

Mr. O'CONNELL presented a petition from Dublir,
praying the House of Commons to suspend the
Standing Orders with respect to the Dublin and
Cashel Railway Bill. A number of other petitions
to the same effect were presented by Mr. &law, Mr.
SHELL, Mr. HAMILTON, and Mr. O'BRIEN.
The Ashton and Staleybridge way'Bill was
read .a second time and ordered to be engrossed.

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER announced
that on the 3d of June he would move that the
Rouse resolve itself into Committee on the Sugar
Duties Bill.

Mr. WARD gave notice that on Thursday week he
•woull move that the House resolve itself into Com-
mittee, to take into consideration the Temporalities
of the Irish Church. '
In answer to a question from Mr: COILETTi rel4tive
to the Whitson holidays, Sir ROBERT PEEL said he
should propose that the House should adjourn from
Friday week till the Thursday. following. •
On the motion of Mr. DuxCoAinx, .a return was
ordered. of the money paid, or to be paid, to Govern-
lnent "short-hand writers during the trial of Mr.
.O'CONNEi.L.and other's ; and also of. the -money paid
for notes 'taken at Conciliation Hall, hetWeen the Ist
1843, and the present time.!
of August,

Sir C. NAPlElik.brought forward 'the ipreient state.
of the NavY. List, and pointed out the disadvantages t)
the service by retaining officers on service who were
;incapacitated by age or infirmities, Aile so many
young officers had nothing to do. The list, he said,
showed there were only two: Admirals Under 70 years
`of age, twenty-five - Rear-Admirals under- 65; and
fifteen under 60 years of age. He entered. into length-
-ened'detaits ''respecting the. 'State' of the.,navy, for
which we refer-to the-report, and moved, " That it be
a ree9mmendation to' the House, that' previous tO, the
preparation of the estimates for 1844 and' 1545,.i. plan
'of retirement be devised-, so as to render the naval ser-
vice efficient, and with a view to reward old and de-
serving officers."

Sir ROBERT PEEL, after paying some compliment.,
,to Sir CHARLES NAPIER, said the 'treasury had given
lest consideration, and if they hesi
)n account of the expense, but from
the n.easure, if adopted, would " not
which the llon:and Gallant Officer
t it would not clear the list of Cap-
ad positively do no god whatever,
ig particular officers to "exercise their
fhether they would retire or not.
from several naval officers the mo-

tion was rejected by a majority .:of forty-three, awl
the House adjourned at Ten o'clock.

At the weekly Covent-garden meeting of the League
on Wednesday night, Mr. JAMES WILSON, who was one
of the principal speakers of the evening, quoted the
following remarkable passage, in direct recommends-
stion. of free-trade, from a speech which was delivered
by the Earl of CHATHAM,. eighty years ago, in the
House of Lords :—" I do not despair of my country,
and I have no objection to state what, in my opinion,
would restore it to its once flourishing condition.
Give freedom to commerce, lighten the pressure
of taxation, and
__you will have no complain-
ing in your streets. As commerce is al-
ways a change of equivaleffits, a nation that
will not buy cannot sell, and every restriction to
imports is an obstacle to exports. On the other hand
the more we admit the productions of foreign nations,
the more extensive becomes theiidemand for our com-
modities. Let the system °four cop-laws be cautiously
and gradually abrogated, and allow the cheap agricul-
tural produce of the north of Europe and America to
be freely introduced, and we shall obtain an ex-
tended vent for our manufactures." These are, in
every respect, memorable words, full of plain, prac-
tical truths intelligible to the obtusest ca-
pacity; and when it is _ borne in mind
that they express the calm, deliberate con-
victions of one of the most illustrious statesmen
that this or any other country every produced, we are
quite sure that they will be perused with the deepest
attention by our readers, and make a permanent im-
pression on their minds. Though nearly a century
has elapsed since they were spoken, during which pe-
riod—a brief one in the life of nations—the commerce
of the country has increased a hundred-fold, and it
has raised itself to the proud positiOn of the first mer-
cantile community in the world—though, as a neces-
sary consequence of this astonishing progress, ques-
tions of trade are infinitely better understood than they
were in the days of Lord CHATHAM, yet these remark-
able words of his Lordship are quite as liberal .and much
more intelligible than any that have been spoken by Sir
ROBERT PEEL or his colleagues on the same sub-
ject—a striking proof how little benefit Our states-
men have derived from the bustling, practical, com-
mercial experience of the last eighty years, and how
small is the advance that sound. principles of legisla•
tion have made among them. Lord CIIITIIAM with,
comparatively speaking, little or no help from experi-
ence,• seems to have known quite as much about free
trade as our present Premier, notwithstanding that the
latter has had a thousand practical advantages which,
from the character and circumstances of the age in
which he lived, and which, for some years, he
moulded at his will, were, wholly denlesi to the
former.
,But the truth is, CLIATHAM was in • many
respects a statesman in advance of his time ; while
Sir ROBERT PEEL. is a statesman behind, rather than
before it, and unable to mould or discipline it, from a
want of capacity fully to appreciate and sympathise
with its stirring and eventful character. Hence his
mind is in a perpetual state of vacillation and bevsil-
derment, and he only maintains his position by oscil-
lating, like a pendulum, between the free-traders and
the Monopolists; now throwing a sop to one•and now
to the other party, and keeping both in a constant
state, of suspense and uneasiness. Unable to play a
commanding and decisive part on the political arena,
he must perforce content himself with playing a
small one; and seems to think—a very pleassnt re-
flection to a timid and distrustful statesman—that
Government has no other duty to fulfil than to keep
itself at the helm, by dint of a majority in the House
of Commons, which though at present undoubtedly
large, cannot be relied on with any confidence for the
future. Mr. BRIGHT, who took the chair at the
League meeting, alluding to the approaching election
contest for South Lancashire, observed :---" He was
quite certain there were thousands within those
walls, at that hour, who were anxious that the
great contest, which was now commencing in Lan-
oashire, should end in the signal triumph of the free
trade Cause. Yes, the present meeting sympathised
with that contest. It was anxious to convey to the
Lancashire electors its sense of the importance of
that contest, and he found that even they, anxious as
they were, did not regard the struggle as of the im-
portance which it merited." We should hope that
there are but few free-traders who are not fully alive
to the paramount importance of having a Member of
their own principles returned for South Lansashire.
Such a return would at the present crisis be a
;einu3ph for the good cause greater even than
that achieved a few • months since in the me-
tropolis ; and we trust therefore that every man
who has a vote to give, will make a point of giving it
in favour of Mr. BROWN. That gentleman's pros-
pects of success are, we are happy to assure our
readers, exceedingly encouraging ; still, the mono-
polist party—who are quite shrewd enough 'to see
that the struggle is one of life or death to them—are
actively on the alert throughout the- county ; and
not an hour must be lost in the attempt to counteract
their exertions.

There is not one question of fiscal.reform xpoo
which her MAJESTY'S GlOvernment have manifested
more pertinacious obstinacy, and more perverse mis-
conception, than the .proposed revision of the Sugar
Duties. . Of course the lately announced intention of
the Chancellor of the Exchequer to reduce the duties
on foreign sugars to, a limited extent, does not at all
affect the general policy which they are determined
still to act upon in reference to the sugar duties re-
venue in the aggregate. It has long been ascertained
that sugar is one of the most wholesome, nutritious,
and fattening condiments which is used by mankind.
In the East it is asserted, and upon good authority,
that in many regions the relative physical superiority
of races would seem to be determined by the abun-
dance or scarcity of sugar—their use or their destitu-
tion of it. In proportion to numbers the population
of the British islands are probably its largest consu-
mers ; but this luxury, or necessary, like too many
others, they are not permitted to enjoy, except under
heavy and oppressive duties, which greatly diminish
both the number of coftsumers and the amount of each
individual's consumption. The inevitable result of
our great experiment of 1834, whereby the whole
slave population of our sugar-growing colonies in the
western hemisphere were emancipated, has happened—
diminished production. This diminution of a produce
so essential not only to the comfort of social existence
in this country, but to various proCesses essential to
certain arts, and to the perfection of many commodi-
ties that are staple articles of our trade, is very imper-
fectly supplied by the equalization of the heretofore
excessive duties on our East India grown sugar. In
the first place, the continued droughts of the pro-
longed, summer of India, and the harshness of the
superficial soil consequent thereon, are elements very
adverse to the capacity of raising.sugar in any exten-
sive quantity, equal to that of the Antilles. In the
second, the far inferior culture and husbandry of the
East, as Compared with the almost Eiiropean processes
and 'improvements adopted on sugar estates- in -the
West Indies, are a drawback that largely counter-
balances the inferior expense of raising sugar in Ben-
gal. Finally, the excessive difference of the freight,
as between two voyages of such utterly, dispropor-
tionate duration, is a permanent element of preference
in the markets of Europe for the sugars of the West
Indies over those of the East Indies.

We very lately direeted attention to the interesting
contents of a "Blue BOok,'' issued by Parliament in
the present„ session, on the subject. of the "Emigra-
tion of native free labourers from India, China, and the
Western Coast of Africa, to the British We'st. Indies
and the Mauritius." On that occasion we endea-
voured to explain the. overwhelming necessity
.which
existed tor' replacing the 'deficient amount of tour
now furnished . in those colonies- by the enianCipated
black population; by means
eoluntarf rant of yellow and.CopPer-,c'olOilred
Viet-11.1de .iinporNitions
of
races, as
.being those who. would he bet qualified by
physiOni constitution- and temperament to eridtik- the
field labours of those tropical regions: It might laVe
, been hoped that the rapid and prodigious improvement
effected in the condition of Hill Coolies, w'.-:o had
quitted the miserable and squalid poverty of their
eastern homes-settled for some time in Mauritius,
Demerara,&C.—and, at the eipiratiou of their lab6ur_
contracts, returned the possessors; for the first time in
their livei, of little coinpetencies'in hard Spanish 'dot-
tars; to an extent calculated to ialiOly of their passing
the remainder of their live, in -their own country, in
ease and comfort ;—it might have been expected that
Such examples would have encouraged a much, larger
application of the same experiment. But a senseless
outery, raised, at first, by a few interested West India

planters
.and owners, who wished to have their proper-
ties exclusively well worked and attended to ; and
subsequently kept up by that section of our country-
men at home who are ever compromising the true in-
terests of humanity by a pseudo philanthropy, the
objects of which are as vague as its plans are unrea-
sonable—prevented this desirable consummation. It
was thought that a design to entrap these poor fellows
into slavery must lurk behind propositions fyr provid-
ing a liberal market for their unoccupied and ill-paid
labour. As to the negroes in the free settlements and
British possessions of Western Africa, the same sort
of suspicion might be more natural; but its operation
was still harder and more vexatious on their interests.
With the aid of steam navigation they could have been
brought from the African coast to the West Indies in
a voyage of one fortnight. Instead of starving at Sierra
Leone, or deserting into the bush, and returning
into the savage habits of their own or their ancestors'
original condition, they might be now employed, in
any number, at ample wages, secure of their freedom
in the British possession of their residence, and at all
times able to command a passage back to their native
coasts.

This policy of employing immigrant labour has been
managed, hitherto, with such a degree of favouritism
or imbecility on the part of the,Colonial Government
at home, or the local Governments abroad, that we
believe we are correct in saying Mauritius has been
allowed to import at various times 20,000 Coolie
labourers, large drafts of whom have since gone home
with their handsome earnings, and well pleased with
their treatment in all respects, whilst less than .500
have been distributed throughout the whole of our
West India possessions.
We have now before us a paper (No. 250, H. C. of
the present session), moved for by Sir JOHN REID,
entitled, " Sugars, &c. An Account of the Imports
into the United Kingdom of Sugar, Molasses, Rum,
Coffee, and Cocoa, from the West Indies and British
Guiana, distinguishing each Colony, from 1831 to
1843, both inclusive, and distinguishing each Year."
The Mauritius, of course, is not included in this re-
turn, which embraces, as to sugar, Antigua, Bars
hadoes, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat,
Nevis, St. Christopher, St. Lucia, St. Vincent,
Tobago, Tortola, Trinidad, Bahamas, Bermudas,
Demerara, and Berbice. Now the diminished aggre-
gate of the produce of all these possessions is quite
startling, and more emphatically illustrates than any
language of ours could do the vast importance of
facilitating, instead of discouraging, the immigration
into the West .Indies of those classes of free labourers,
whose services alone can restore the production of the
islands, &c., to the scale at which it stood fourteen
years ago. Last year the whole amount of our im-
ports of sugar from them was but 2,509,701 cwt. In
1841 (the lowest amount in the series of thirteen years
here given) it was even 361;484 cwt. less (namely,
2,148,218). But in 1831 the amount was 4,103,800
cwt., or 1,955,582 cwt. greater than in 1841 ; or
1,594,099 cwt. greater than in last year, a difference
of some 40 per cent. In 1834, the year in which the
Act of Emancipation was discussed and carried ice the
British Parliament, the production rose from 3,646,205
cwt. in the preceding year, to 3,843,976. In the four
years following, to the date of the extinction of the
probatioriary and apprenticeship terms, this amount
declined to 3,520,676 cwt. in 1838 ; to 2,214,762 cwt.
in 1840; to 2,148,218 in 1841 ; to 2,508,725 in 1842
No wonder, in this official statement of dintinisbed
supply, that so general an indignation has been excited
against the Government for not admitting cheap
foreign West India sugars, lest they should have been
raised by slave labour ; for the effectual facilitation
on their part, and that of the colonial authorities, of
free immigrant labour, would have obviated the diffi-
culty, by doing away with all the necessity for the
alternative they have thus distinctly refused to the
British consumer.

The recent announcement of the gratuitous exhi-
bition at the rooms in King-street, St. James's-
square, of the decorative works of art intended for
the adornment of the two new Houses of Parliament,
reminds us that we have not yet received any satisfac-
tory answer to our apprehensive inquiries, made a few
months ago, about the intended omission of the statue
of OLIVER CROMWELL from the sculptured series of
the more renowned and victorious monarchs of Eng-
land. We need not repeat the grounds upon which
we then urged the paramount claims of the Illustrious
" PROTECTOR" to a most distinguished niche in any
gallery that was to, contain the effigies of those master-
spirits who, in past ages, have exalted the renown of
their nation, and immortalised their own remem-
brance among men by the sUperiority of their intel-
lect; the grandeur of their policy, the grasp of
their mental and physical • energies,. or the
happy fortunes of their heroic intrepidity. In all
these titles of Nature's Nobility, CROMWELL was,
perhaps, supreme among the mighty competitors
for fame of that remarkable age.. At once the man
and the master of the people—a profound statesman—
an enlightened legislator—a consummate captain—he
combined, and could, as if by absolute intuition (with-
out faltering or preparation), employ all the resources
of subtlety and-stratagorn, or the most direct, hold,
and simple ends, for the achievement of his purpose.
An inherent native sagacity—whilst it amply sup-
plied 'the defects r Of ..an irregular and interrupted
edUcationL—was that- property. of.taind best fitted to
direct his .career thronpik:the. teittico,ifs mazes of all
the practical business.: with yThiCl if .r was the chief
occupation of his if Lis 0 'atory wanted
perspicuity and elevation-if his .reigi,.;us opinions
were deeply tinctnred. withmyiticismr. fanaticism—
if his own pers,inal* integrity, of *.vhiell'heVvas
severe and exacting judge in others,. was sometimes
warped out 'of its straight and onward path by the
suggestions of self-aggrandiSeirient, or the intoxica-
tion of ambition ; these were disparagements from
the perfection of his character in no greater a degree
than—perhaps not to so great an extent as—they
were in the case of others, his contemporaries, whom
it has been attempted to exalt above him. They were
flaws and defects which charge, if you will, the
escutcheon of his honours with a "band sinister;"
but the same heraldic " abatement" is perceptible ,in
the bearings of some Royal houses which it has never
been thought to disqualify for the same proud rank,
whence it is absolutely proposed in 1844, to extrude
the great champion of a nation's liberties against the
encroachments of a sordid and debasing tyranny.
We have again to ask upon what pretence is it that
this indignity is to be put upon the memory of the
great vindicator of his country's name, authority, and
power, at home and abroad ?

Such a capital offence against the genius and. pre-
possessions'of the-British people is' so unaccountable,
that we are sometimes disposed to think it can be
attributable only to some defect of adequate ac-
quaintance with ..the authentic history of the seven-
teenth century—and its events and influences among
our countrymen of that time—in the judges or* Com-
mittees to whom is delegated the task of selection and
arrangement in reference to this series 'of British
worthies. It is difficult to believe—what is vet con-
fidently asserted—that the principle of this invidious
omission is affirmed to be—the fact that the Pito-
T ECTOR was -never inaugurated King by the ceremony
of coronation. .We grant the fact ; and what then ?
Such an accident in the' ase of CaomwELL—reign-
ing virtuallyi. but uncrowned-7supplies the most
shallow and paltry plea which was ever suggested fOr
any similar proceeding. It would not be more un-
gracious to say, were her MAJESTIC disposed, like the
Royalty 'rot Prance,' to construct a "Wall of Mar-
shals," that his Royal Highness Prince ALBERT
-could-have no-title-to a place among its portraits, for
that he who had never been a soldier, could' not rank
• • •
among Field-Marshals ! GOD knows-:-though the Selec
Committee in question does not appear to be aware
of the faci--4hat we do want a large and. spirited infu-
sion of moral 'greatness and statesmanlike grandeur
among the iculptured decorations of-the New Houses,
to outbalance.ffliat must appear, in theeyes of every
foreigner, a most 'inordinate indulgence in the quaint
fopperies of heraldic blazonry. To say 'nothing of
interminable'bidges, infinitessimally multiplied quer-
terings ; Brobdignag stone roses to typify the pale
and the blushing cognizances of York and Lancaster;
and crowns royal, whose huge proportions are more
frigid and formal than was required, we think, even
by the most heavy of the German associations con-
tThoew
eSrp
aa k es rw' sa n
nHionugs em
eantiadg e triheeT
con-
nected with them; we have, on the river' frontage—
fanthdeilntieccoorrnds
in ponderous übiquity, which w " e would exchange
:f3onos
with joy for one graceful ``, milk-white" hart, like
that which watches, over the beamtiful pOrch of West-
minster Hall, as if gill, awaiting his former mistreSs-
...• _ ,

We own that-we have little faith in, and less respect
fur, the practical ability of these Commissioners to i
superintend the details of A great work, that hitherto
is only likely to be ever " pictureNue" and " deco-
rated" in virtue of the expectations founded on the
Cartoons of last year, or the King-street Exhibition
of this.

Before we leave these "Public Works," let us express
our regret at the ill-judged economy which is bung-
ling the pavement of that noble area around the Tra-
falgar column. Instead of being tesselated with small
blocks of our British and Irish marbles, or exhibiting,
in compartments, designs that might have been exe-
cuted in some of the harder of our many-coloured
spars, or laid down in massive slabs of English and
Scotch granite, it is floored with a vile asphaltum
surface, in which there has been attempted some sort
of radiated star. When we examined it, a few days
since, the joints, or seams, were already so imperfect
that the rain of two or three hours before was retained
in them. The asphaltum itself is not even set upon
an even plane. It should be at once removed.

We find little or nothing of importance in the Ma-
drid papers of the Bth, if we except the slaughter of
a number of smugglers on the sea coast of Grenada.
On the 3d instant an encounter took place at Almeira
between a body of these daring outlaws and some
detachments of cavalry. Twenty smugglers are
stated to have been killed and ten wounded, and the
goods they were escorting were captured.
The Spanish Funds still remained very low. The
Three per Cents. on the Bth closed at 29, and the
Fives at 22, both for 60 days.

We find no domestic intelligence of importance in
the Paris journals. The accounts in them, however,
from other quarters, are unfavourable and of a dis-
tre4sing character. The POPE, it appears, is as little
inclined
,to show mercy to political offenders, as the
blood-thirsty Government of Spain. We lean from
Bologna, that the military commission which sat in
that town some time since, tad condemned twenty
persons to death, thirteen to the galleys for life,
three to the galleys for twenty years, and two for
five years, with the confiscation of all their property.
Of the twenty condemned to death, fourteen had
their sentence commutecito condemnation to the galleys
for life, and the remaining six were shot at Bologna,
on the 4th instant, at four, o'ci,J;:k in the morning.
The names
.of the unfortunate victims are—MoNAßi,
GOROS!, VARONESSI, LAND!, RAMIE, and MIN-
GEIETTI. These executions, too, by the head of the
Church, excite the more sympathy, as it is generally
admitted that the late insurrection had only one object
in view—the redress of grievances, and that the
system of government in the Legations, is the worst
possible. We learn, also, from Munich, that a large
number of arrests had been made in that capital; on
the 6th and 7th instant. No further danger, how-
ever, was apprehended, for the KING, as will be
seen from a letter of his MAJESTY'S, had resolved to
set out for Italy without delay. The following docu-
ments appear in the Munich Gazette of the 7th inst.

" I have the honour to notify to the citizens of this capital
tut autograph letter which has reached me from his Majesty
the King.
" Doctor BAUER, First Burgomaster.

" Munich, May 7, 1844.
" Mr. Burgomaster Doctor Bauer,—Amidst the crimes so
sorrowful to my heart, of which my capital and residence has
been the theatre during the first three days of the present
month, I have beheld with joy and consolation the limn atti-
tude of the citizens,-and the intrepid zeal with which they
have. co-operated in. the restoration of order; and I have
found frsh. p!'oof of the spotless fidelity, and of that good
feeling which have, at all times, and in all circumstances,
distinguished those citizens. The confidence which that
fidelity and that, feeling deserve, induces me to undertake,
without any hesitation, now that order and tranquillity are
restored, the journey long determined upon for the strengthen.
ing of my health. I commission you, Mr. Burgomaster Dr.
Bauer, to communicate this to the citizens of my capital and
residence, at the same time expressing the satisfaction their
conduct has given me, and assuring them that my heart is
intent on their welfare, as well as on that of all the faithful
subjects whom God has entrusted to me.—Your affectionate
King, LEWIS.
" • Munich, May 7, 1844."? .

We learn from the Revue de Paris, tilt' the Prince
de JoDivtu.s is about to publish a pamphlet, which
is looked to with some interest, and is entitled " Notes
on the State of the French Navy." That journal.
gives one extract film it, in which the Royal author
states that he has vi'ited all the ports of France, and.
several of those of England, and that the navy, espe-
cially the steam navy, of France is greatly inferior to
that of England, And below what it ought to be, con-
sidering the power and wealth of the country.
On Tuesday the French Funds fully maintained
the prices of the previous day. The Three per Cents
closed at 84f. 45c. ; and the Fires at 122. f. 30e.

MAY .;
THE BOURSE—TUESDAY, M 14.
' First Highest Lowmt Last
l•riee. Price. Price. Price::
French Firi.pereetits....••- 122 15 •• 122 15 .. 122 10 .. 122 10
Three per Cents.• •• • $4 45 .. 84 45 .. 84 30 .. 54 30
Bank of France . . .3120 ..3120 .
3120 —3120
Latlitteßunk, I,OOOE sharesll67 30 ..1167 50 —1167 50 —1167 50
•—5,000 f. Sharessl62 50 ..5165 ..5162 50 —5163
Belgian 8atik..................... 680 .. 675 .. 675
• 1841 •• .....1105 ..1195 ..1105 ..1105
Belgian Flv(., 1831 ••.• • • • 104 k .• • • 105 ~ 104 i ... 105
' • -• 1840 •••••• •• I°6, ' ••-`lt)6 .. 104 .. 104
~,,,,,.:D18,,,4i,e:r7., d.....•••••••••: 11:2:
.2
.3 .......1105182:
2'5
...... 110;2: .
.. 17
panlsli Actlye ••• ••••• • • • • • 3..,4, •• 33i .. 33,1 . • 331
'rhreess —4 n 36i .. 36t .. :161
' Passive
lii:reea:nin,
et.nll(Litl Deferred
.1;:..:::..
.. .R..,...t..i..L.:54:1:2:y5
:1.:
i...i:;s
.5 0 ......
,t.:::::
50 .......
F 47
;sr,
25 .. 102 23
ROman, ex dir••••-. ~.• 10-1) ••• 1041 •• lt).11- .. .1042,
•
St. Germain ....
.• .•• •••• ••• 8,1,1. .. ilO .. SlOl .. 310
1t0ue1i..............,....... ?75. .. tiVl 75 .. 1175 .. 978 73
ORouen to Havre.. .• • !••• ~'3 73 ...27741;*w -.....27:07.50 ..:
277401 , A
rleans-...••• .. •• •••• 9" -•• 93 25 .. 995 .. 95,6
BToßturirneasteea
a.:::::...:t111;1,134..3r1.1 le:
.71:1"..:A...,'...T...
..: S
....1....1.....A R..... :21, E. 7;4 2:i • :,F7 00:0 R..... ..... 1,4279'7;270E.
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Ver•iilllel,R.ll.•• •• •••• •• •• 374 •• 375 ••• 375 .. 375
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4 trasburg

MORTALITY IN TUE MErnorous.—Tbe number
of deaths during the week ending Saturday, May 11,
was average, 883. Deaths
from
8
lungs are 28 below the average,
and from ;previous
ol diseasesd aogf theet eeleuk,
isn a decrease of 27. The num-
ber carried off by small Pox was 27, beingls above the
average, and of that number 18 had not been vacci-
nated. During the week there had been 5 suicides.
The thermometer stood highest on Thursday, marking
74.1, and lowest on Monday, 44.3.

LADY BROUGIIAdi AssExnur.—Wectuesday her
Ladyship had an assembly. at her residence in Grafton-street.
Above 250 persons of distinction were present, including the
Lord Chancellor, Duke of Buccleuch, Sir George Murray,
Sir Frederick Trench and Lord Ashley, who came front the
entertainment at the Mansion-house in their full dress, the
Duke of Wellington, Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch, Duke of
Cleveland and Lady Augusta Paulet, Countess de St. Aulaire,
Marquis of -.Normanby, Marquis and Marchioness of Ailes-
bury, his Excellency Prince Castelcicala, Marquis- of Salis-
bury Marchioness of Clanricarde and Lady Elizabeth- de
„Marchioness of Westmeath, Lady Lyndhurst, and
Counte-is of. jersey.
SOUTH LANCASHIRE ELECTION.—The contest for
the representation of South Lancashire is now fairly coiti-
menced. The candidates have taken the field. The free-
traders have been singularly fortunate in the man Of their
-choice. The monopolists are'. equally satisfied with the
gentleman they have put forward. So far, therefore, the op-
' posing:parties- are - equally matched. The progress of the
struggle will be wattched with the most intense interest. It
is incomparably the most important contest which has taken
place since the cominesicement of the crusade against mono-
poly. Great as was the importance of the struggle for the
City of London, it fades into insignificance as compared with
the battle which is about to be fought in Lances:hi' e. At the
last election the free traders were defeated by a majority of
nearly 1,500_ If, therefore, they shill triumph on the present
occasion, their victory will be one of the most signal which
it were possible to conceive. At the League meeting
in Covent-garden, last eight, Mr. Bright dwelt at great
length, and with .muchemphasisron the incalculable import-
ance of the coming contest, and took the . opportunity
afforded him, as Ilhairman of the Meeting, to "implore, en-
treat, beseech, exho'rt," the Liberal electors of South Lanca-
shire to rettirn the free trade 'Candidate. Wb trust that to-
the earnest appeal of the Hon. Gentleman there will be a
cordial
~response. 'We have the best reason to believe, that
the cons'-law repeal era iii that County; have the means in their,
hands of returning &fr. Brown. Can we doubt that, at such
a crisis as the presesit, they will turn their opportunities to
their proper account ? In proportion to the magnitude of the
interests at stake, will, we are sure, be their zeal and efforts
to secure the election of the candidate of their choice. If the
free traders suffer themselves to be defeated, it may delay,
though it, will not prevent, the ultimate triumph of the anti--
corn-law cause; but if, on the ,other baud, they succeed, the
return of Mr: Pro-Wit-will give the-finishing blow to mono-
poly.
The.atmou.-acement of a free' trade triumph in tai
case will be the death-knell -of commercial prohibitions.—
. Afor!nbtg Advertiser: • •'• - • ,
ANCIENT. CoNrcEnTs.-:—ThC sixthpertormanco of
ancient music toOkplaOe on:Wediicsilay, atthe 13 allover ROoni,,,
ululq•the 'direction- of the Earl of Cawdor. Conductor, • Sir"l
H. R. Bishop ;Leade re, Messrs' F. Cramer 'and Loder Organ, 1
Mr. Lticas. The Earl of Cawdoi havitig in his I.w:session a
very valuable musics:l library, containing many productions
by the old masters, availed himself of it, and introduced se-,
vend compositions on this occasion, which were never per-
fore at these concertS, among which are those by Bach,
Righini, Vogler, Cllari and Berton. •An obligato (oboe) part
in Bach's aria was well performed by G. Cooke. The song
by Righini is mod.dled on Handel's line bass songs; it was
excellently sung like Sta•udigl, and well received' by the cent-
pany. The first two bars of Vogler's quartettu are almost
note for note like the Scottish (or Irish) air, "My lodging is
on the cold ground," amid the accompaniments have the same
phrase, while the voices sustain the harmony, which produced
avery fine effect. 'Miss S. Flower sangCherubini's song
extremely well, and. her debut at these concerts was highly
successful. It were impossible to speak too highly of the
brilliant manner in which Dorus Gras sang Mozart's dine
scena from the " Zauberilote." Handel's grand chorus brought
to a conclusion a very fine performance, and one that ap-
peared to give great satisfaction to a very brilliant assemblage
of tank and fashion. '' • •
_ .

MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS

CITY, THURSDAY EVENING.

Consols leave off buyers at 99i. The market is just
now in favour of purchasers. Exchequer Bills fell
again to 665. and 68s. premium, as there is a talk of a
further reduction of interest being intended. Bank Stock
closed at the decline to 192 and 191, and India Stock to
288 and 286.

Spanish leave off much the same as in the morning.
The Five per Cents. were 943 3; and the Three per
Cents. 351 3. Colombian were 141, being fiat. Bel.
gian, 103.'
The additional transactions in Railway Shares have
been these :—Bristol and Exeter were 11 to 10; Bris-
tol and Gloucester, ex div., 19; Eastern Counties, New,
53 to 53; Great Western, 46; Ditto, New, 271; Ditto,
Fifths, 10; Lancaster and Carlisle, 13 to 2; Birming-
ham, 123 to 124; Birmingham, Thirds, 353; Birming-
ham, Quarter, 24 to 241; South-Western, 473; Croydon,
53 South-Eastern, 51 to 53; Thames and Medway,
104; York and North Midland, Scarborough Branch,
17; and Rouen and Havre, 9 premium. Brighton have
been 5 discount. London and Westminster Bank Shares
were 7 to 63 premium.
• (From The Sun of Last Night.)
The Cotton Market at Liverpool yesterday was very flat,
and prices receded d. per lb., being id. since Friday. About
4,000 bags were sold.—There was no change in the Share
Market, and not a great deal was done :—North Midland,
90i ; Paris and Lyons, 3/. Is. ; Ditto and Orleans, 38} ; Ditto
and Rouen, 371; South-Eastern, 384; Ditto New, 12i ; Great
Western Half, 76.
Much satisfaction has been expressed among the commer-
cial and shipping interest by the announcement of the fact,
that the Commissioners appointed to consider the most im-
portant subject of constructing refuge harbours, are really
actively engaged in the task delegated to them. Our Dover
correspondent mentions that yesterday the Commis-
sioners, nine in number, were all day off that
port taking surveys and soundings. For the pre-
servation of life and the safety of property, it is ardently
hoped that the Government will not withhold the most
ample- means to construct harbours of refuge in all much-
frequented parts of our sea-girt isle, where at present such
accommodation is needed.

It is the current statement in the City, that at the meeting
(a private one) of the Joint-stock Banking interests, held
yesterday, the propositions of the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer. fcr the renewal of the charter of the Bank of England,
the regulation of the currency, &c., met with pretty general
approbation—that is, no opposition is to be made to them:
the advance towards one bank of issue, however, is not liked.
The private commercial accounts received from the United
States and Canada, do not read so well as could be wished.
After all the crop of cotton will reach very near 2,000,000
bales. The Tariff Bill occupied a large share of the attention
of the mercantile interests of the Stetes;aS well as of the
British North American colonies. The Stock and Share
Markets of New York were in an unsettled and fluctuating
coil Lion. The state of trade in Montreal is thus referred to
in our advices :—", We have, within these few days, had
opportunities of conversing with gentlemen on their return
from journeys of buSiness, made to different parts of the
United Province, in' anticipation of the breaking up of the
frost; and the accounts they give of the piospects
of the spring trade are uniformly' favourable,' both as
respect imports and exports. With respect to the former,
money is more abundant than it has been for some
time, and the lightness of 'stocks in the stores of the dealers is
uniform. With respect to the latter, a great improvement in
the lumber trade is generally anticipated on the opening of
the navigation ; and near and above •Montreal, in the more
cultivated parts of the country, the grain trade is already in a
state of great activity. Not merely are large shipments in
preparation in the Western States, by way of the Welland
Canal and the St. Laurence ; but there will be a more consi-
derable amount than for several years to export from the.pro-
vince itself." . _

Not a great deal of business has been done this morning
in the public securities. The quotations of Stock have been
rather heavy. Consols for Money and the Account have
fluctuated but from 99i to 99i 11. The Commissioners bought
20,0001. Reduced Three per Cents. at 98k. For Bank Stock
the market is again lower, the presumption being that under
the New Bank Charter law the profits of the corporation
must be diminished. Some sales were made of Bank Stock
this morning at 191, a fall of 2 per cent. on the previous
value. The price now it 192. India Stock is 1 per cent.
lower, and Exchequer bills have gone back from 70s. to 675.
9d. premium. The Three-and-a-Half per Cents. have not
var►ed much.

Spanish• Bonds have been fiat this mornirg, the Three per
Cents. at from 35j to 35k, and- the Actives at 24 the
lower value being the latest. For Portuguese Converted
Bonds have been quoted only at 46k. thC Dutch Two-and-a-
Ralf per Cents. at CA, and the
.Five per Cents. at 100
Mexican •Stoek was offered. at 35k, and the Deferred at 154.
• In the Share Market prices scarcely rule so high.- The
London and Birmingham Railway, at 130 prem., have just
been sold at 122 prom., but are rather better now. The
Great Westerns keep their ground ; the South-Western are
rather higher, but the Birmingham and Gloucester are rather
heavy.. Santiago de Cuba Shares command a ri.e to 10
prem., and the London and Westminster Bank Shares are at
06 premium.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, MAY 15.—We have no
material change in the state of our market to :—Eastern
Counties, 128 ; Manchester, Bolton, and Bury, 1081 ; Man-
chester and Leeds, Quarters, 9/1 ; Trent Valley, 10%;
Manchester and Birmingham, 'Quarter Shares,, 5 5% prem.
South-Eastern, New, 12%; Paris and Strasburgh, 2%; Man-
chester, Bury, and Rossendale, 6 3-16.
CLOSING PRICES. •

BRITISH FUNDS.
Bank Stock
'3 per Cent. Red
3 per Cent. Cons
3% per Cent. Re 1 ... .....
New 3% per Cent 102% :Ex. Bills, 1,00/. l lid... 64 pm.
New 5 per Cent. — Ditto S00/
Long Annuities to expire I liitto Small 67 pm.
Jan. 1860 1.% ;Bank Stock for Acct.... 192
Oct. 1859
- -

Jan. -1860••.....•.... 12.5 i India. Stock for Acct.... -
-FOREIGN FONDS.
.Austriasi, 5 per Cent ........ 1134 Portuguese, 5 per Cent —
Belgian, 5 per Cent lO3 Ditto, New Ditto —
Etat dim Bonds — Prussian, 5 per Cent ... ...... --
Buenos Ayres, ti per Ce.q — Russian, 5 per Cent..„.„.....
Chlliaii C per Cent — Ditto, Metallic
11Noinblan, 6 per Cent
Ditto, 113i.,.4
Cuba Bondi, 6 per Cent...... Ditto, Deferre ' 13%
Dniish, 3 per Cent
nreek, 1ti..,5. 5 per Cent.... Exchange ..... ......... —E —.e.
Mexican, 5 per Cent
Ditto, ti per Cent., 1Etn....... Dutch. 23 per Cent...— 60%
Per/Avian. 1825, 6 per Cent... Ditto, 5 per Cent lOO%

SHARES. -
Bristol and Exeter (70 paid)
Bristol and Gloucester (3d paid) • 49
Eastern Counties (•23 paid) ........
Ditto Registered (816 s Bil viid) ...... ........ - 13%
Great Western (75 paid)
Ditto Half Shares Oil paid)
Ditto Fifths, .2 paid
Harwich (Braithwaite), 2 paid g
Lancaster andCarli4l. 5 paid

London and Birmingham (Stock)
Ditto Quarter Shares (2 paid) ........ . .....
London and Brighton (59 paid) .. 45
Loudon and South Western (411. tis. tUd. paid) B9
Ditto Eighths (15s. paid) . 4%
London and Croydon (Trunk)... ..... .......... 19
Nottl,ern and Eastern (45 paid)
Ditto Scrip (15 paid) • ' 21
youth ):astern and Dover (3312 a !d paid) ......
Ditto Niw Shares ( 4 paid)
York and Scarborough Branch (::). paid) * 19%
Rouen and Havre, S paid

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