The Sun.
London, England, 1845-11-25 00:00:00

SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING. NOVEMBER 25, 1845.

95th Foot—Lieut. J. F. Dennis to be CaptAin, by purchase,
vice Currie, who retires ; Ensign IL G. Hawes to be Lieut.,
by purchase, vice Dennis ; H. Foster, Gent., to be Ensign, by
purchase, vice Hayes, Nov. 25.
96th Foot-r Ensign R. F. W. Cumberland to be Lieutenant,
by purchase, vice Willson, who retires; J. V. O'Donnell,
sent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Cumberland, N0v.25.
MEMORANDUM.—The appointment of Lieut. A. S. Bolton,
of the 21st Foot, to be Adjutant in the 31st Foot, and the
promotion of Second Lieut. E. Clemison to be First Lieu-
tenant, in the 21st Foot in succession, as stated in the Ga-
zette of the 24th of October, 1845, have been cancelled.
The Christian names of Cornet Cooke, of 7th Light Dra-
goons, are William Ridley Charles.
The names of the gentleman appointed to the 93d Foot
are William Francis Augustus Lliott, not Elliott, as pre-
viously stated.
COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.
Michaelmas Term, in the 9th year of the reign of
Queen Victoria.

Nov. 24, 1845.

This Court will, on Tuesday, the 23d day of December
next, hold a sitting, and will proceed to give judgment in
certain of the matters star.ding over for the consideration of
the Court. N. C. TINDAL.
•
CROWN-OFFICE, Nov. 24, 1845.
Days and Places appointed for holding the Special Commis-
sions of Over and Terminer and Gaol Delivery for the

under-mentioned Places :
County of York—Saturday, Doc. 6, at the Castle of York.
City of York—On the same day, at the Guildhall of the said
city.

BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED.
John Sutcliffe, jun , spirit merchant, Halifax.
BANKRUPTS.

Charles Joseph Russel, scrivener, Ludlow, Shropshire, to
surrender Dec. 11 and Jan. 7, at eleven, at the Birmingham
I istrict Court. Bittleston official assignee, Birmingham ;
Motteram and Knowles, Birmingham.
William Lendon, sen., and William Lendon, jun., curriers,
Dec. 9 and Jan. 6, at eleven, at the Exeter District Court.
Hernaman, official assignee, Exeter; Terrell, Exeter.
John Warren, surgeon dentist, George-street, Hanover-
square, Dec. 2, at twelve, and Jan. 9, at eleven, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall-
street ; Buchanan, Basinghall-street.
William Cooke, innkeeper, Egham, Surrey, Dec. 5, at
eleven, and Jan 16, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry ;
Buchanan, Walbrook-buildings, City.
John Land Roper, linen-draper, High-street, Rochester,
Dec. 2, at twelve, and Jan. 10, at one, at the Court of Bank •
ruptcy. Follett, fficial assignee, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-
street ; Badham, Houghton, and Co., Verulam-buildings,
Gray's Inn.
Joseph Woodhams, plumber, High-street, Portland-town
Middlesex, Dec. 9, at two, and Jan. 16, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee, Abchurch-
lane, Lombard-street ; Chamberlayne, Great James-street,
Bedford- row.

Charles Wadhamp, carpenter, Charlotte-street, Portland-
place, New. road, Dec. 5, at two, and Jan. 13, at half-past
one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee,
Abchurch-lane ; Goren, South Molton- street, Oxford-street.
George Little, corn chandler, So utham pton-terrace, Camden-
town, Dec. 5, at one, and Jan. 13, at half-past twelve, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's
place, Old Jewry ; Hardman, Bowling-green street, Ken.
ningtou.
John Evans, cheesemonger, High-street, Shoreditch, Dec.
3, at twelve, and Jan. 7, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy.
Johnson, Basinghall-street, official assignee; Ashley, Shore-
ditch.

Richard More, coal merchant, Norwich, Dec. 2, at two,
and Jan. 6, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Tur-
quand, Old Jewry-chambers, officicial assignee; Jay, Buck-
larsbury.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
TlMES.—There is a certain work on " Corn and
Currency" most respectfully and sympathiAically ad-
dressed to the landowners by one of their class, and dis-
playing more than sufficient information and ability to
account for its having come to a second edition. Long
ere this, however, it would have been overlaid and for-
gotten under the subsequent accumulation of literature
on and about those recondite subjects, but for one little
circumstance. If it has not conferred celebrity on its
author, its author has done that service to it ; for it is
by no less a person than Sir James Graham (of Ne-
theiby), Bart., M.P. Though rather passes in some of
its topics—for it was published in 1826—it possesses,
under the circumstances, a freshness ever new, and an
interest just now more than ever on the ascendant. It
has been carefully investigated by those who consider it
discreditable to modify a published opinion, and,
we are bound to add, that their generous
industry has not been entirely without its reward.
How far the Right Hon. Author may himself be haunted
by his lit3ra scripta or his vox nassa —those once for-
midable bugbears of political men—perhaps we are not
the party to guess. But if there ever was a time when
he might turn over the leaf not only with that mental
and visible composure which practice alone can impart,
but also with advantage to the nation, that time, we
think, has now arrived. The currency is the chief'
subject of the book, and would undoubtedly have been
first in the title had that been an euphoneous arrange-
ment. On this point Sir James Graham exhibits a very
keen apprehension of the misery and injustice occasioned
by the alternate expansions and contractions of the cir-
culating medium during and after the war. llow far
these vicissitudes were entirely artificial, how far they
resulted from political and commercial events, and how
far they are now completely under the control either
of Bank or Parliament, are questions apparently beside
the scope of Sir James's inquiries. He makes out a
case against the Act of 1795, and not less against the
Act of 1819 ; he describes the crisis of 1825, and
one or two more ; he exhibits some striking
tables ; detects some considerable wrongs ; but
perhaps leaves no impression so definite as that
a depreciation of the currency, from whatever reason
arising, has an almost exactly proportionate effect in in
creasing the price of corn and other principal commodi-
ties of life. It is the now Right Hon. Bat onet's view of the
corn-laws which gives to the work its chief present in-
terest; and fortunately this also is the point on which he
happens to be most explicit. Addressing himself to his
brother landowners he probably felt that figures would
be asked for, and while he assures them of their abstract
right to some equivalent boons which a just Legislature
would certainly allow, he recommends them to volunteer
the first step in the adjustment by surrenderin, their
share in the existing injurious compromise. He asks
them, in fact, to give up all attempt to fix the price of
corn, and content themselves with what he calls a " pro-
tective " duty of 15s. a quarter,—to accept a fixed duty
in lieu of a fixed price. Advice so unpalatable is intro.
iluced with a preface so much to the purpose, so gene-
rally significant, and so peculiarly appropriate to the
Right lion. Baronet's own career, that our readers will
thank us for the extract :
" I am aware that you will not be inclined to attend to the
suggestions which I am about to offer ; past errors are ad-
mitted with reluctance; measures of precaution, especially
if they be of a decisive character, are slowly adopted against
dangers which are not immediate; and the course of legisla-
tion is very rarely the result of previous wisdom ; it is rather
guided by circumstances, and influenced by the occasion."
Sir James makes it his purpose to view a prohibitory
system of corn-laws 'in the bearings as an attempt to
regulate prices. Wishing well to the landowners—nay,
avowing a decided predilection in their favour—for that
very reason he advises them to renounce a compensation
which does not really save them from the losses entailed
by gold payments raid contracted issues.
" It may be doubted even whether the existing (1826)
system of prohibition be so entire a benefit to the landowner
himself as he would seem tc imagine; for, in the variety of
seasons, it is impossible that the land cultivated within these
islands can, year by year, from one harvest to another, pro-
duce a supply of corn exactly commensurate with the de-
mand. At one time the prohibitory system is unjust to the
grower; at another, to the consumer. The grower is injured
when, after a harvest somewhat deficient, the ports are
opened by a sudden rise of price, and a large accumulation
of foreign corn is poured at once into this country; bringing
on the farmer the losses incident to over-production, and
ultimately to the landlord a correspondent decline of rent.
The consumer is injured in the interval between the rise
of price and the importation of foreign grain ; he is even
exposed to the horrors of famine ; for in proportion as the
demand for foreign grain is unusual, the supply in case of
emergency must be precarious. Thus the alternate evils of
redundancy and scarcity, unsteady prices and uncertain rents,
are the inevitable consequences of the present system of our
corn-laws. Farming is therefore made both a gambling and a
hazardous speculation. No caution can guard against ruin-
, ous losses, for no prudence can foresee the chanees on which
they depend ; whether the price of wheat will rise to 78s.
per quarter, when the profit of the farmer would be enor-
mous, or touch the maximum of 80s., when by the opening
of the ports and of the granaries of corn in bond, wheat
would instantly fall at least 50 per cent., to his entire ruin,
is a matter almost of accident, frequently influenced by
fraud; thus the full operation of the present corn-laws ex-
poses agricultural capital to losses rather incident to the
tiazard table that to fair mercantile speculation."
As the writer proceeds to prove, the conclusion
is that " thus revenue from the soil is literally made
the sport of wind and of weather." It is unneces-
sary to observe that the argument applies to the present
Aiding-scale as much as to that against which
the enlightened Lord of Netherby was levelling
.his indignant remonstrances. Still less is it neces-
sary to remind our readers of a recent instance
which fully illustrates the tendency to a sudden ruinous
lownfal. Amongst the numerous resources and claims
of the present Ministry is the stock of credit it has
;mined by a certain million pounds sterling, or therea-
bouts, paid at once into the Treasury on the importation
of several millions of quarters of foreign corn, the effect
of which, pleasant as it might be to the manufacturers
ind her Majesty's Ministers, was to lower the price of
corn immediately more than the Baronet's 50 per cent.
It is only just now that the national and universal cala-
mity of a bad harvest has rescued the agriculturists out
of that slough of despond ; though we are by no means
sure that the agriculturists will not find the remedy
worse than the disease. But let us go on with Sir
James. We shall find him keeping up the spirit of his
argument
"The landlord's best customer is the manufacturer; but
his prosperity depends entirely on high profits, which it is
the avowed tendency of high prices to reduce. (As the
writer had demonstrated above.) If corn be dearer in Eng-
land than elsewhere, wages must be higher; and if wages
be higher, profits must be lower • thus our foreign compe
titers obtain the greatest possible edvantage; and if the sys-
tem become permanent, manufacturing employment, except
for the home market, must decrease in this country; and
surely it is not the interest of any class so to enhance the
price of labour and provisions as to secure to the foreigner
successful competition, and to choke with obstructions
the principal channels of native industry. The
feeling of the public must be hostile to the present
corn-law ; the receivers of rent are a very small body ; backed
by public opinion they are almost omnipotent; in violation
of public opinion they cannot long retain an exclusive advan-
tage. The contest is fearful; for on what ground will it be
decided ? On the very topic which inflames to madness ;
that hunger which breaks through walls will be art ayed
against them, reason will be heard no longer, the barriers of
society will be broken dawn, and estates, distinctions,
honours, swept away in one resistless torrent."
ft is impossible to suppose that arguments so cogent in
themselves, so emphatically and so eloquently expressed,
can be either forgotten or unfelt. We are sure, how-
ever, that we do the writer a service in recalling them
as well to his attention as to that of his many admiring
readers. Even from the grave and obsolete antiquity
would we search for reasons and motives on such a
theme; much more then from the early writings of one
who happily still lives to give them their full, mature,
ind practical force. In a day or two we will present
our readers with a little more virgin ore from the same
mine.

the surplus corn of foreign countries, for our mer-
chants can afford to pay, while others cannot. Why
then should we derange that which is going on
steadily, as business ought to go on ? If there be an
insufficient supply, the price thereby produced ' will
open the ports. The sliding-scale will open the ports,
and by that time (though not before) something will
have been provided by our merchants worth opening
the ports for. To open them now, would serve no pur-
pose but that of gratifying the factious views of the Anti-
Corn-law League. It is said that we knowingly post-
pone our demand for foreign wheat till the time when
the supply will be most costly. Another absurdity—
another falsehood. We do not postpone our demand.
Our demand is now steadily proceeding, and we are ac-
quiring foreign corn at less cost, because we are acquir-
ing it while a considerable barrier exists between the
foreign produce and the British consumer. The propa-
gators of lies on the subject of the supply of foreign
corn leave entirely out of account the operations of our
merchants in anticipation of the future demand. They
assume what they must he ignorant, indeed, if they do
not know to be false, that until our ports are open, no
purchase, or no important purchase, of foreign grain
takes place. It is strange that any portion of the
public should be gulled by nonsense such as this.
We believe the sliding-scale to be right in principle,
but whether it be right or wrong, the operation of
those whose businese it is to watch and calculate upon
' the facts which they are at the utmost pains to ascer-
tain—the operations of the great dealers in corn, have
been adapted to the machinery of the sliding-scale.
In conformity with what may be expected from it, they
are making their preparations, and to Open the ports
suddenly, while their measures are in progress,- would
be to ruin them, and to destroy our own moans of safety,
if, indeed, it be true that we shall require considerable
aid from foreign supply. If, again, it be true that our
own produce is considerably short of our ordinary con-
sumption, what palpable madness it is to be clamouring
for cheapness of price ! Does not every one know that
a rise in price is the natural remedy which the habits
and the reason of mankind supply to induce economy in
the use of the commodity of which a scarci'y is appre-
hended ? Shall we by any desperate measure seek a
momentary depression of the price of home-grown corn,
and thus induce a greater consumption at the very mo-
ment that we say we have not enough to sustain the pre-
sent rate of consumption till next harvest ?' Really, such
representations are too preposterous to be borne with
common patience. We have the satisfaction, however,
of believing that the Government is not tnided by the
lies which are pelted about town and country with such
vehemence ; and we hope Government will have manli-
ness enough not to give way before clamour, which it
well knows to be dishonest.
CHRONICLE.—The Nation recommends to the con-
sideration of repeal wardens, to be read in their parishes,
a " few short and easy rules " as to the uses to which
railways may be put. We had the gratification of
printing them in the Chronicle yesterday :
" A hint on this subject," the Nation says, " may be
thought enough ; but we see no objection to speaking plainly ;
and, therefore, we give a few practical views, which may be
improved as engineers turn their attention to the subject.
" First, then, every railway within five miles of Dublin
could in one night be totally cut off from the interior coun-
try. To lift a mile of rail, to fill a perch or two of any
cutting or tunnel, to break down a piece of an embankment,
seem obvious and easy enough.
" Second—The materials of railways, good hammered iron
and wooden sleepers, need we point out that such things may
be of use in other lines than assisting locomotion.

-....-.
POST.—No language we could use would be too strong
to express the indignation which every just man—which
every man who loves truth—ought to feel, at the present
moment, against those who are labouring in the pub'ic
press to excite an alarm of famine. That this iniquitous
project is undertaken solely tor a party purpose is evi-
dent. The enemies of the law which gives protection to
the British agriculterist, hope, by exciting a public cla-
mour, and producing a pressure from without, to cause
the Government to open the ports for the reception of
foreign corn free of duty. They further hope that this
grand object having been accomplished, they will have
influence enough to obstruct for ever the revival of the
law which restricts and regulates the import of foreign
grain. It is the grossest hypocrisy to pretend that the
exaggeration and violent declamation about impending
fa:nine, to which we allude, arise out of a real concern
for the British consumers. They who are acquainted
with the subject know very well, that the real opera-
tion of the opening of the ports would be an imme•
diate rise of the price abroad, and, in fact, a putting
into the pockets of the foreign holders the diffe-
rence which now exists between the price of free corn
and foreign corn in bond, and liable to duty. The
foreign holders are closely watching our proceedings,
and the moment they have reason to believe that we
must buy from them at any price, they will make us
pay accordingly. During the short time that an in-
fluential journal led the world to believe that the ports were
about to be opened, wheat in foreign ports rose some
seven shillings a quarter, and it has fallen again since
events have proved that the journal in question had been
misled, and had consequently misled the public. It is
difficult to say whether the falsehood or the nonsense
promulgated on the foreign-corn question by the
alarmists is the more conspicuous. We look on, say
they, and we see other nations supplying themselves in
the foreign ports which we refuse to enter. Refuse to
Inter ! What outrageous absurdity is this ! Does any
one suppose that the duty imposed upon foreign corn,
when brought to market for consumption in England,
prevents our merchants from purchasing foreign corn ?
The very reverse is the truth. Our merchants are
now steadily and leisureiy supplying themselves with
'oreign corn at every port in the world where it can be
bought. They are carrying on their operations set ject
o the gradual effects of the sliding-scale, upon which
they can calculate, and beyond all question our
chance of foreign supply is infinitely better
under this system than if all were thrown
into a state of confusion and chaos by the
ipening of the ports. 'l'tien, indeed, a helter-skelter
,erarnble would take "place, and all the well-planned
operations of trade would be rendered of no avail. There
is no nation in the world supplying itself in foreign
ports as England is at this moment. At this moment
offers of cargoes of wheat from the Mediterranean are
daily arriving to our merchants. It would not be so, if,
in a paroxysm of madness or of fear, the Ministers were
to open the ports. This would be hoisting a signal of
distress which, far from bringing succour, would make
the foreigner hold off till we paid double for assistance.
It is said we are looking on while our neighbours lay
in stores which they will be prevented by restrictive
laws from sharing with us. Another most absurd
untruth. It is we who are laying in the stores. Our
merchants, and not foreign merchants, are buying up

"Third—Troops upon their march by rail might be con-
veniently met with in divers places. Hofer, with his Tyro -
liens' could hardly desire a deadlier ambush than the brinks
of a deep cutting upon a railway. Imagine a few hundred
men lying in wait upon such a spot, with masses of rock and
trunks of trees ready to roll down—and a train or two ad-
vancing with a regiment of infantry, and the engine pant-
ing near and nearer, till the polished studs of brass on its
front are distinguishable, and its name may nearly be read;
Now, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of
the Holy Ghost
" But 'tis a dream. No enemy will dare put us to realise
these scenes. Yet, let all understand what a railway may,
and what it may not do.". _ _

It requires a fine philanthropist and legislator to dis-
cover such advantages in the railway. system—one of
those obstinate martyrs whe would cut off his nose in
order to spite his face. Suppose the rails are down and
the tunnels complete, the Irish philosopher instantly
begins to think how it would be easy to lift the former
and fill up the latter again. This also would give fresh
work to the neglected poor ; and, causing a wholesome
and perpetual demand upon capitalists, would enforce a
circulation of money through the country. " Second—
good hammered iron and wooden sleepers" would be
capitally handy to make pikes with. The " second" is
admirable : the logical precision and neatness of the
rules to be read in parishes. Get your subscriptions
and your Parliamentary Acts ; pay your engineers,
landowners, and workmen ; and you have at once good
hammered iron and wooden sleepers ready for demo-
lishing Saxons. The cheapness of the weapon is unde-
niable. The boys could have the pikes for nothing.
There are historical examples for the practice. The
refined and intrepid Vandals, when they invaded
Rome, pulled out the iron clamps of the Colosseum
for the same purpose : the Turks (an exceedingly
civilised and maligned race) fired off the heads and
limbs of Phidias' statues from the Parthenon, when be-
sieged there. There is also the case of the enlightened
Chinese, mentioned by Charles Lamb, who having eaten
a pig which was roasted in the burning of a house, burned
down a house every day with a pig in it, in order to get
his favourite crackling. Young Ireland is for legislating
in this way. Travellers, who have visited the country,
have seen the system many times put in practice; and in
the Irish domestic, economy have admired a piano figur-
ing very handsomely as an apple-cupboard, or a window
replaced advantageously by a pair of pantaloons or a wig.
Here it is proposed to employ the plan on a grand and
noble scale, and to put arms in the hands of ingenious
patriots who are about to levy war. Then we wind up
with the night attack—the Irish in ambush, with the
rocks and trees handy; the smashing of the engine, and
the roasting, crushing, and slaughter of the Saxon
regiment in the train. And the whole of the wretched,
tawdry romance finishes with that accustomed invoca-
tion so commonly used among certain patriots in Ire-
land now—not the Nation writers merely. The Captain
Rocks and Molly Maguire's men used a similar one
before they went out to murder. Has Swift left no suc-
cessor? Are these people, who could listen to sense and
wit once, to be led by such harangues as those of Mr.
Sinnott the other day, and as this of the Nation ? Fancy
a country in which popular journals are found which
call these plans of incendiarism "practical views"---a
country where starvation is imminent, and employment
is the only chance of averting it. The native legislators
do their best at this moment to frighten out of Ireland
its sole means of livelihood, as if in such a time, and to
starving men, bread were not more necessary than the
best Parliament that ever was "devised, or all the spouters
that ever roared through lungs ! You want your land-
lords to come and live among you ; shoot at those who
are there, and so encourage the rest back again. You
want money and work ; curse and threaten the only
people in the world that can give it you. You want
railroads to develope your own internal resources ; pro-
mise to destroy them, so that you may get pikes to kill
the Saxon with. This argument goes on day by day,
and is talked to the best, wisest, bravest, cleverest people
in the world. If Swift were but by to listen to it I But
they seem to prefer an orator out of Swift's Hospital
now—a bedlamite with a murderous monomania.
SENTINEL—The total abolition of the corn-laws seems
now at hand. The friends of the farmers who rejected
the fixed duty of the Whigs, will ere long be driven by
the man of their choice to surrender the whole of their
monopoly. There is no longer any opportunity for parly
or compromise. Impending famine, the precut., or of
riot, it may be of revolution, threatens to extort the
opening of the ports. We may have soon to select
between the downfal of the landowners or the sub-
version of the monarchy. The gigantic fraud of pro-
tection against foreign growers of corn has been laid
bare in all its details. It is now known that protection
means robbery, since it throws taxation on the irelus-
trious classes and exempts the property classes from
its pressure. But more than this is known. It is
well understood that the imposition of the taxes on
food was originally consented to, on condition that the
lanllords would support the Bullion Committee in the
Bill which compelled the Bank of England to resume
cash payments. Sir James Graham is our authority,
and he has called that bargain an imprudent bargain; we
denounce it as a base one ; and punishment is now,
though tardily, about to overtake the criminals. But
let us attempt to exhibit the bearings of this question
without heat or rancour, neither as exclusive partisans of
manufactures or agriculture, for there has been too
much of vituperation, too little of argument on both
sides. We will endeavour to write in the spirit of a
mediator between extreme parties. Why did the land-
owners originally demand the exclusion of
foreign corn from the home market ? Because
they perceived that the highly taxed labour of
this country could not compete with the comparatively
low taxed labour of the rest of the world. Had we
been free from a national debt at the peace of 1815, the
landlords would not have sought or required any legis-
lative protection ; therefore, in reality, it was not the
dread of the foreign producer, but the dread of the
domestic tax- gatherer that guided their polity. Or, if
this mode of stating the fact be deemed ambiguous, we
would say that the domestic tax-gatherer immediately
and the foreign producer mediately created the corn-
laws. In simple truth, high taxes render high prices
necessary ; monopoly is favourable to high prices ;
therefore the landlords claimed a monopoly for the
commodities which they sold. So far, they only acted
as all other traders would act, had they the power ;
they threw off taxation from themselves and placed
it on the consumers of grain and other farm produce.
Now, had the Legislature granted to all other classes
of producers the same amount of protection its they
conceded to the agriculturists, there would have been
no esuse of complaint.. But the very reverse was the
case. The next measure was Peel's Bill of 1819.
That Bill, overlooking the fact, that taxes ought to
enhance prices in exact proportion to such taxes,
enacted that gold, at its natural cr untaxed value,
should be the standard measure of all taxed commodi-
ties. The consequence was, that, while all ap icultu-
rel produce remained high, all other industrial produce
became low ; so that the landlord was enabled to sell
his produce dear, and buy all other produce cheap.
This is the real iniquity of the system. The nobility,
by a fraud, became as fiscally privileged, as were the
French nobility before the Revolution : they suc-
ceeded by the joint action of the money laws and the
corn-laws wholly to escape taxation ; for, whatever
they paid to the tax gatherer _they always got back
again, and generally with a high bonus from the con.
sumers of the food in which they traded. Repeal the
corn-laws and retain Peel's Bill. and then the landlords
would have to sell as cheap as other traders. It is the
knowledge of this fact that makes them so tenacious of
their privilege. Is there any mode by which, on sur-
rendering their monopoly, they could still obtain high
prices to cover their just share of taxation as pro-
ducers ? Undoubtedly there is. It is by reverting

to that currency under which prices rose during the
war, and there is no other mode. To this the
manufacturer would not object, as such high prices,
being paper prices, and not gold prices, his trade
with foreigners would not be effected. The manu-
facturer would still be able to sell cheap to the
foreigner, while he would sell dear at home ; and,
thug, he also would throw his share of taxation on the
consumer. If agriculturists and manufacturers could
only see these points, they would form one common
league against the usurers and moneymongers to whom
both are the unconscious victims. As to the working
classes, they also would receive high wages; and, by
high wages, we specially mean, such wages as would
corer all the indirect taxes they now pay on all they
consume. Thus, all the industrious, of every grade,
would be liberated from fiscal burthens, which would
fall, where they ought to fall, on property. Such is the
equitable and honourable adjustment we propose between
the lords of the plough and the loom.

EXTRAORDINARY MORTALITY.
. Yesterday morning, at ten o'clock, Mr. Waltley-, M.P.
resumed an adjourned inquiry, in the board-room of Mid-
eflest-x Hospital, telati‘e to the respective deaths of
William Lambert, aged 17, and Henry Lambert, aged
12, brothers, forming two of a numerous family, who had
died in that institution under the following extraordinary
and mysterious circumstances. Many medical gentle-
men attended the investigation.
. .

It will be recollected that on the former occasion it
appeared in evidence that the father of the deceased, who
carried on business as a painter and glazier, at No. 33,
Cumberland-market, died about twelve weeks since, sub-
sequent to which his widow, three sons, daughter, and
grand-daughter, had been seized with a malady which they
considered was the scarlet fever. The grand-daughter
however dying, and the sons becoming daily worse, they
were on the 4th inst. removed to the hospital, where on
the 13th, William died, and on the 15th, Henry. As the
cause of their deaths could in no way be accounted for
by any of the medical gentlemen who saw them, Mr.
Corte, the house apothecary, communicated with Mr.
NTalc.ley, and the result was the present investigation.
On the re-assembling of the jury yesterday, the de-
puty coroner having read over the evidence before ad-
duced, the following witnesses were examined:—
Mc. W. Curie stated that the deceased were admitted
into that hospital on Tuesday, the 4th instant, together
with another brother who still remained there, and was
gradually progressing towards recovery. They all ex-
hibited precisely the same symptoms, and had been at-
tacked in the same manner. The indistinctness of their
articulation rendered it very difficult for them to explain
the nature of their complaint. Witness considered them
to be labouring under a poisonous effluvium arising from
the sewer in the neighbourhood in which they had re-
sided. The eldest brother, John Lambert, still survived.
There was a great swelling about the jaws and throat,
with an excessive fcetid discharge from the mouth and
nostrils, and from the cause before mentioned they could
not be questioned as to their condition. Another symptom
was a most voracious appetite. Leeches were applied to
the jaws, and the knees and elbows became very much
swollen and painful. On examination of the body of the
deceased, Wm. Lambert, after death, he found both the
knee joints to contain a thick fluid. The membrane of
the larynx was reduced. Nothing unusual was found in
the stomach. The lower part of the miophagus was
healthy, but there was a laceration about the gums. In
a case of poimnisig recorded in a German periodical, and
trans!ated by Dr. Harrison (an extract of which was
read by the witness), the symptoms very much corre-
sponded with those of the deceased. On a post mortem
examination of the deceased Henry, ulceration of the
larynx was discovered. The veins did not exhibit any
inflammation, and the stomach as well as the other
organs were quite healthy, but the breast and ankle
joints wete found to contain putrid. matter. He (wit-
ness) had never during his fourteen years' practice at
that hospital met with so peculiar a case. The disease
was quite new to him, and as he ha 3 stated to the Co-
roner when he forwarded his communication, it was his
opinion that death was the result of some poisonous
animal matter, but what that animal matter was he was
unprepared to say. The case had struck all the medical
gentlemen who had heard of it as one of the most in-
comprehensible in the annals of medicine.
lerancis Amelia Lambert, sister to the deceased, was
next called, and said that on the 4th of October last she
went to nurse, during her illness, her sister, Mrs. Win-
grove, wife of a brewer's vat maker, living in Whet-
stone-park, Lincoln's Inn-fields. Two or three days
afterwards witness was seized with sickness and pains in
her loins, with sore throat and a rash all over her. She
remained there till the 10th, when becoming worse, she
returned home to her mother's, where her voice failed
her, and on the 14th her skin peeled off. She was better
the following day and very hungry, but was unable to
open her mouth, and her sister (Mrs. Wingrove) was the
same. Witness, however, eventually rallied and re-
covered. On the 19th her (witness's) child aged ten
months, became ill under similar symptoms, which were
stated by an apothecary in the neighbout hood to be
scarlet fever, and it died on the 2d inst., before which
time witness's mother had been also attacked, but re-
stared to health. Between the 28th and 30th ult., the
deceased and her (witness's) brother John, whose age
was 20, had been seized in the like way as herself, and
were removed on the day before mentioned to that hos-
ditel in a cab.
The CORONER—Mr. Corte, have you no means of con-
voying persons here ? Mr. Corfe—No, sir.
CORONER—That is a very wrong thing, Here are
three persons brought to this place in a vehicle, all of
whom are labouring under a most frightful and infeeti-

ous disease. The consequence is, that after they had
alighted, others might have got into the same convey-
ance, and thus the disease might spread. Was there no
application made to the hospital relative to the deceased
prior to their admission ? Mr. Corfe—No, sir.
Charlotte Lambert, mother of the deceased, corrobo-

rated her daughter's evidence.
Mr. Headland, surgeon, of Guildford-street, Russell-
square, deposed that he was called about a month since
to attend Mrs. Wingrove, who was suffering from swell-
ings in the throat, which rapidly ran into suppurations.
They occurred so quickly below both jaws on either side
as to keep her mouth closed for fourteen or fifteen days,
during which time she could scarcely swallow nourish-
ment. Before twenty-four hours had elapsed his atten-
tion was attracted to her child, an infant at the breast,
which had swellings of a similar character, and which,
in two days after ran into large cavities, one in the face
and the other in the neck. Witness believed that
to the velocity of the suppuration was to be attributed
the saving of life, other" ise the constitutional disturb-
ance would have been so great from the frightfully in-
fectious and contagious nature of the disease as to have
caused their deaths. On his second visit he gave orders
that all persons should be kept away from his patient
except a nurse, but no one seemed inclined to attend her,
when Mrs. Wingrove sent for her sister (the witness
Frances Lambert), who immediately came. On a sub-
sequent visit he saw the witness at Mrs. Wingrove's, and
thought she was ailing, and on his next calling she had
returned home. It occurred to him as to whether these
cases might not be some of the forms of scarlet fever,
but he could find no rash in either case, and it was now
his decided opinion that such was not the fact.
CORONER—Did you at that time, or have you subse-
quently, endeavoured to trace the source of the matter?
Witness—Yes, I am induced to ascribe this malady to
some special peculiarity of the atmosphere, and I must
say, that the house and premises, in the yard of which
there are pigs, fowls, &c., is altogether an unwholesome
place.

By a juror—He certainly considered the disease was
attributable to some atmospheric circumstance of a spe-
cific character.
By the CORONER—He had never met with any other
such cases, although he had had for years a most ex-
tensive practice. It was one of the most extraordi-
dinary eases perhaps on record. Witness had done all
he could to prevent the spreading of this very peculiar
and unprecedented disease. He would further remark,
that there was a drain in Lincoln's Inn-fields, near to
tha house occupied by Mr. Wingrove, which was, with-
out exception, the worst drain in all London.
The CORONER (emphatically)—Ah! you had better
mention that fact distinctly, because there are some very
rich and influential people in Lincoln's Inn-fields, awl
that drain it would seem is in the very midst of the part
they inhabit.
Witness (in continuation)—There are three or four
houses in that neighbourhood positively unfit for habi-

tation.
The CORONER—Can you name the disease of which
the deceased died? Witness—No, sir.
CORONER (to Mr. Corle)—Can you? Mr. Corfe—l

cannot, sir.
The same question was put to several gentlemen in
the room who had assisted in the case, and whose replies
were also in the negative.
There being no further evidence,
The CORONER proceeded to sum up. He remarked
that the disease which occasioned the deaths of the de-
ceased was quite as unaccountable to him as it was to
the gentlemen iyho had spoken, and it would be remem•
bered on the first assemblage of the jury there was rea-
son to suspect that it had originated in the vicinity of
Cumberland-market, but it was now quite evident that it
was not so. He (the Coroner) felt quite satisfied that it
did not originate there at all, and he cculd conceive
nothing could be plainer than that it had been car-
ried there from Whetstone-park. The observations
of Mr. Corfe precisely- corresponded with those
of • Mr. Headland, and it seemed true that it was
a specific disease, which was communicable appa-
rently by contagion, as also by infection. Mr. Corfe,
a gentleman of many years' practice at that
establishment, had stated that he considered it to be
caused by a poisonous effluvium from animal matter, and
that the case was of an entirely new character. He .the
Coroner, however, did not believe, although it was evi-
dont that the deaths of the deceased had been caused by
pison, that anything of a deleterious nature had been
adthinistered. After some further observations, the
Coroner) concluded by complimenting the jury on the
great attention they had paid to that which he con-
si-ered an important public inquiry, and which he
trusted would gain a publicity whereby the attention of
her Majesty's Commissioners of Sewers would be called
to the immediate locality of Lincoln's Inn-fields ; and at
the same time he hoped the distressing condition of Mrs.
Lambert, who had so suddenly suffered a domestic
affliction, would attract the notice of the benevolent.
The jury then, after some consultation, returned the
foilowicg verdict :—" That the deaths of the deceased
William and Henry Lambert were caused by some poi-
sonous effluvium, to the jury unknown."

James Steel, Esq., editor and proprietor of the Carlisle
Journal, and a Liberal in politics, was, on Monday week, re
elected Mayor of Carlisle by the unanimous votes of a full
meeting of Town Council.

Miss Stuart, the young tragic actress, who has
made so great a sensation at Liverpool, is daughter of Mr.
Staart, of the Haymarket Theatre, and was born in Ply-
mouth in the latter part of 1827, consequently is scarcely
eighteen years of age.