The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-07 00:00:00

PEERAGE STATISTICS.

In the course of the year 1844 the following peers
have died Duke—Grafton, aged 85. Two
Marquises—Hastings, aged 36 ; and Donegal, 7.5.
Six Earls—Besborough, aged 86 ; Lonsdale, 86 ;
Athlone, 64 ; Kintore, 50; Mountmorres, 74 (ex-
tinct) ; and Liinerick, 87. Two Viscounts—Sid-
mouth, aged 87 ; and Powerscourt, 30. And eight
Barons—Douglas, aged 71 ; Wallace (extinct);
Abinger, 77; De Blaquiere, 67; Huntingfield, 66 ;
Keane, 63; Western, 77 (extinct) ; and Say and
Sele, 76. Total, 19.
In the year 1843 twenty peers died, viz.—Three
Dukes, one Marquis, eight t arls, two Viscounts, and
six Barons.

During the last year twenty-nine Baronets have
also died, namely—Sirs G. H. Crewe, R. A. M.
Douglas, P. Burdett, W. Johnston, J. Power, of
Kilfane, J. W. Drummond, H. Halford, J. Gibbons,
C. J. Goring, C. M. Wentworth, J. Shelley, J. Low-
ther, T. Turton, J. Brenton, G. Pigott, J. Strachan,
J. Maxwell, N. Menzies, W. Hevgate, C. ‘1 atson,
T. Tancred, P. Maxwell, R. Eden, J. P. Beresford,
J. M. Lloyd, T. Kirk;:atrick, G. Ouseley, J. Seale,
and J. Broun : only one of which baronetcies be-
came extinct—that of Wentworth ; and Sir Robert
Eden's baronetcy has been inherited by his cousin,
Sir William Eden, Bart.
In the year 1843 thirty-one Baronets died, three of
which became extinct.

Four Baronets only have been created since the ac-
cession of Sir Robert Peel's Ministry, viz., Sirs John
Pirie, Hugh Gough, William Magnay, and William
Parker.

The total number of Baronets now amounts to 897,
of whom 37 are in the church.

The total number of Peers is 564, to wit :—Two
Peers of the Blood Royal, 27 Dukes, 37 Marquises,
212 Earls, 60 Viscounts, and 226 Barons. No new
peerage has been created since Sir R. Peel's acces-
sion, and the only elevations have been those of Baron
Hill to a Viscounty, and of Baron Ellenborough to
an Earldom. One eldest son of a Peer, Lord Stanley,
has been called to the Upper House during his father's
lifetime, and placed in hi., father's Barony. There
are two other Peers in the House similarly situated :
Earl Bruce, the eldest son of the Marquis of Ailesbury,
and the Earl of Uxbridge, eldest son of the Marquis
of Anglesea.

Of the whale number of Peers, 26 are minors,
viz., the Marquises of Bath, Drogheda, Hastings, and
Lothian; the Earls of Annesley, Carrick, Coventry,
Darnly, Durham, Granard, Hopetoun, Kintore,
Munster, Pomfret, and Rothes ; Viscounts Bangor,
Clifden, and Powerscourt ; and Barons Dufferin and
elaneboyne, Garrah, Grey of Groby, Henley, Lang-
ford, Massy, Muncaster, and Ribblesdale.
By far the oldest Peer is the Baron Mountsanford,
who has nearly completed his 89th year. Several
others have, however, attained a ripe old age, among
whom may be enumerated the following :—Baron
Berners, who is 82 ; Earl Grey, who is nearly 81 ;
the Earl of Harrowby, 82 ; the Marquis of Huntley,
who is in his 84th year ; the Earl of Macclesfield,
nearly 82; the Earl of Mornington, in his 82d year :
and Baron Plunket, in his 81st. The Archbishop of
Canterbury is in his 80th year; the Archbishop of
York in his 88th; and the Bishop of Bath and Wells
is in his 84th year.
There are 48 Peers in the army, viz. :—5 Dukes, 5
Marquises, 18 Earls, 5 Viscounts, and 15 Barons,
while there are only 16 in the navy, viz., 1 Duke, 7
Earls, 1 Viscount, and 7 Barons ; and the following
are in holy orders—the Earl of Abergavennv and
Guildford ; Viscounts Downe, Hereford, Mount-
morres, and Sidmouth ; and Barons Aston, Bayning,
Berners, Berwick, Decies, De Saumarez, Fitzgerald
and Vesey, Hartland, and Rodney.
The House of Peers at the present moment con-
sists of 436 members.

Twelve Peerages are now held by ladies.

ENLARGEMENT OF SMITHFIELD MARKET. —A
meeting of the principal graziers and butchers frequent-
ing Smithfield, took place yesterday, at the Ram Inn,
for the purpose of procuring an extension of that part
of the market allotted for the sale of sheep. The chair
was taken by Mr. J. Weal!, who pointed out the incon-
venience of the present arrangement, observing that, as
the Corporation of the City of London derived a very
large revenue from the tolls, it was only reasonable to
expect that they would endeavour to consult the con-
venience of those resorting to the market. It was ulti-
mately agreed that a memorial should be presented to
the Court of Common Council, praying for the proposed
enlargements.
The following robbery upon Messrs. de Roths-
child is related by the Journal de r Oise :—" The house
of Rothschild, of London, has been in the habit of
sending considerable sums in specie to the house in
Paris. Lately the conducteur of one of these convoys,
on arriving at La Chapelle. missed seven cases of
Spanish piastres, each weighing above 130 kilogrammes,
making a total loss of 140,000 f. The conducteur thinks
that the robbery was committed at Voisinlieu, while
he was taking some refreshment. The Administration of
the Mossageries, having laid an information before the
Procureur du Roi at Beauvais, it has been aseertained
that when the diligence was weighed on the weigh-
bridge at Abbeville, the cases could not then have been
on the coach, and therefore the robbery must have been
committed between Boulogne and Abbeville. Every
search and inquiry is being made,"
ADVENTURES OP AN OFFICER IN THE SERVICE OP
RUNJEET SINGH, ET MAJOR H. M. L. LAWRENCE.—
This curious work bids fair to become one of the most
popular of the class—of mingled fact and fiction—to
which it belongs. The Britannia, in reviewing it, ob-
serves ;—" These volumes resemble ' Anastasius ' in
general design. The adventures of a soldier of fortune
are made the medium of conveying to the reader spirited
descriptions and faithful portraiture, while there is
sufficient connection and incident in the uarrative to give
it the interest of a fiction. The country of the Punjaub,
the character of Runjeet and his Ministers, and the
dis-
position and habits of the natives, are forcibly delineated.
The 0 Adventures' themselves are boldly told, and have
a lively air of reality. In its mingling of fact with
romance, the book is one of the most successful of its
kind."
BIRMINGHAM AND GLOUCESTER AND BRISTOL AND
GLOUCESTER RAILWAYS.—It seems to be generally
admitted that the efficient working of the two gauges,
in so far as merchandise is concerned, is not to be
I looked for, and that the only alternative is to on-
deavqur to bring about an amalgamation of the two
Companies, so as to secure the laying down of the
narrow gauge to Bristol from Gloucester. Several in-
terviews have already taken place between the Directors
of the two Companies, and sums advance towards the
basis upon which an amalgamation may be proposed to
the Proprietors has been made. It is understood that one
of the conditions is the laying down of the narrow gauge
to Bristol in such a way as to render it available for the
conveyance of goods. A. very influential meeting of mer-
chants and manufacturers was held on Thursday week, at
lAirminghatn, at which resolutions, deprecating the bad-
ness of the arrangements in the conveyance of goods
over both lines, were passed. We believe that the fault
has been entirely with the Ciloneester Company and its
late Manager t bus, as matters are now to be remedied,
We Aep4 ;:0 iiol2
.4 ,err

7- - -~

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r
FCIALE-1611 ARMIES: . ;
In re appendix to a report on the army estimate.;
just issued, the following interesting facts appear
Bavaria has an infantry force of about 43,000 men,
consisting of 16 regiments of 2 battalions 9.:0, and 4
battalions of sharp shooters. The cavalry consists of
6 regiments of light cavalry (containing 6 squadrons
each), and 2 regiments cuirassiers-in all 8,750 men.
The artillery and engineers are about 4,500, making
the total peace establishment 57,000. But this ie ex-
clusive of the reserve, and of the landwehr or militia.
The army is raised by a subscription from the popu-
lation (except nobles and clergy), the time for service
is six years, and the whole cost is about 700,000 L
Bavaria has 1,562 officers effective, in the military ;
527 in th) civil department of its army. Its court and
sinecure offices are 127, and its pensioned officers OM
Belgium maintains over 100,000 regular troops, 13
a cost of over a million-and-a-half.
Denmark has, on its peace establishment, 17,169
infantry, 3,916 cavalry, 3,400 artillerymen, 295 en-
gineers, and 937 horses ; and in its war complement,
49,301 infantry, 10,627 cavalry, 8,153 artillerymen,
144 field guns, and 847 engineers. Its total peace
force is 25,000 ; its war 69,189 men. The army
costs about 300,0001. a year. Every citizen serv.ss
for two years, anJ then thr a month in the year dur-
ing the four following years. He is then rated on
the militia, and only liable to emergency service.
EGYPT'S standing force is 100,000 men ; 64,000 of
them are infantry, in 20 regiments of 4 battalions of
800 men each ;-12,000 are horse, organised into 15
regiments of 8 squadrons 100 men each ; 400 are ar-
tillery, and 20,000 are seamen. This is exclusive of
irregulars.
The Popedom has a standing army of 14,680;
9,300 of whom are infantry, and 800 cavalry. The
army is governed by a cardinal, president, and a
hoard of three general officers. There is a reserve
and national guard of 9,000 men.
Portw2al has a standing force of 21,503 infantry,
costing about 750,0001.
Hanover has an army of 20,501 men. The in-
fantry musters 15,580, in 16 regiments ; cavalry,
3,340 men and 2,445 horses, in three regiments ;
artillery, 1,638 men and 175 horses in five cornpa-
nies, viz. :-2 companies of horse artillery, 2 battalions
foot, 1 company of pioneers; engineers 198, military
staff 45. The army costs 1,500,000 rix-dollars.
Hesse Cassel supplies a contingent of 5,679 men,
and a reserve of 2,000 to the Confederation. Its
establishment is little more. The army is raised by
conscription, to which all grown males under 50 are
liable. The army costs about 110,000/. a year.
Hesse Darmstadt has a peace establishment of
6,462 men, raised by a conscription of persons from
20 to 25 years of age, members of the mediatised
houses alone excepted.
Holland has a fixed army of 43,000 men, raised
by voluntary enlistment for a limited time. The
limitation creates a trained body by which the army
can be increased to 70,000 men. Promotion is in
future in all ranks, from Second Lieutenants up, to
be two-thirds by seniority, and one-third by selec-
tion. The militia is composed of all males between
19 and 23 years of age. The army costs about
1,100,0001. a year.
Naples has a standing army of 29,000 infantry of
the line, 4,500 cavalry, 2,800 gendarmes, in all
44,300 men. Its war establishment is 64,247 men.
The army is raised by a conscription of persons from
18 to 25 years of age. The time of service in the
artillery, gendarmes, and volunteers, is 8 years ; in
other are is, 5 years actual and sin reserve. There
is no militia. The war department is said to cost
1,300,000/.

Saxony has 13,000 men, and a reserve of 3,000
raised by conscription. Males of 20 years (with ex •
ceptions) are liable to 6 years active, and 3 years re-
serve service.

Spain.—The changes of late in Spain have greatly
increased the regular army (which was only 60,000),
and disarmed most of the militia; but there is no easily
accessible account of their present state.
Sweden has 8,346 men voluntarily enlisted, viz. :-
2,200 infantry, 5,446 artillery, and 1,000 horse guards.
She has 24,500 infantry, and 7,000 cavalry—in all,
41,500 men, under what is called the Indelta system.
SWITZERLAND has a federal militia supplied by the
Cantons in proportion to their population. This
force rates at 64,000, viz.-51,800 infantry, 5,800 ar-
tillery, 5,700 cavalry, and 700 engineers. A federal
camp is formed every two years. The expenses of
this militia are borne by a contribution of from 5 to
12 Swiss francs per man, paid by the Canton that
sends him. The following statement of the 22 Can-
tons is interesting in many ways :—Area in square
miles, 152,330; population at the end of 1837 :—.
citizens of Cantons, 2,152,580 ; citizens of other Can-
tons, 120,662 ; foreigners, 54,767 ; total population
2,188,009; population to square miles, 1,437; Ca-
tholics, 847,088 ; Protestants, 1,285,935.
Ireland has a population (according to the
census of 1841
Sweden
Denmark
Portugal 5,013,950
Bavaria
Belgium and llolland
Hanover 1,537,500

CONVICTION FOR MURDER IS
AMERICA.

(From the New York Commercial Advertiser.)
The trial of William Miller, which has been in
progress before the Circuit Court at Troy for some
days past, on a charge of murdering George 'West
more than two years ago, in the town of Sandlake,
Rensselaer county, was terminated on Tuesday. The
evidence, though wholly circumstantial, seems to have
been conclusive; and the jury, after being out a few
hours, brought in a verdict of Guilty. On Wednes-
day morning, Judge Parker pronounced sentence of
death upon the prisoner, assuring him there was no
hope of a pardon. The 28th day of January is the
day fixed for Miller's execution.
(From the Troy Budget.)
Tuesday, Dec. 3, Eleven, p.m.
THE VERDICT.—At half-past ten o'clock the Court
were notified that the jury had come in, and at eleven
o'clock the Judges were all in their seats, when the
prisoner entered, accompanied by the sheriff and his
deputies, with the firm step and apparent confidence
that have characterised him during the whole trial.
The Court ordered the clerk to call the jury, and
he put the question—Gentlemen of the jury, have you
agreed upon your verdict ? The foreman (Mr. Bow-
man) answered, We have. How do you find ? The
foreman, who stood near the prisoner, extended him
his hand, and, after a sympathising remark, with tears
trickling down his cheeks, he turned to the clerk and
said—Guilty.
The prisoner received the verdict with his face a
little flushed, but otherwise manifesting the same
stoical indifference that he exhibited from the first.
The Court received the verdict of the jury. and.
then adjourned until eight o'clock this morning.
Wednesday, Dec. 4, Eight, A.M.
THE SENTENCE.—The Court-room at this hour was
already filled. The prisoner was brought into Court
a few minutes afterwards, and betrayed mere feeling
than at any time before during the trial.
Judge Parker requested the prisoner to stand up,
and then addressed him as follows :

" William Miller, you have-bein tried and found
guilty of the murder of George West. The verdict
Las not been less in accordance with the evidence
produced than the clear opinion of the public. Have
you anything to say why sentence should not be pro-
nounced against you in accordance with the law ?
(The prisoner gave evidence of a desire to speak, but,
after a little hesitation, barely remarked ' No, your
honour, I have nothing to say at present.') It then
becomes ray duty to announce to you the solemn
judgment of the Court, by which your mortal.
existence is to be brought to a speedy termination. In
one particular your case is one of an extraordinary
character. The atrociousness of your guilt is greatly
increased by the circumstance that the man you
murdered was your country man and bosom friend,
reposing confidence in your integrity and esteem.
You therefore added to the horrid crime of murders
that of black ingratitude and the foulest treachery;
Besides, you were a stranger in this country, and
sought the enjoyment of its privileges. And here
rpoYsoittlonfhav•- no
again, by a betrayal of the trust that was reposed.
in you by your admission into a country to which
you were an alien, and the violation of its laws, yolk
have also exhibited the basest ingratitude. The fat'
icsananexpaecwftunlo°innete.
execu-
tive clemency. Do not for a moment fl
attve yourself
with any such hope or expectation. 1
hthaopte aoNfvapiatrsdyono—u
kindness, and with no disposition to acisday this with
to the de-
gree of your suffering, b t t lead
u oyou to prepare for
the inevitable event. You • committed the act when
no mortal eye was. upon you. But you were seen,
watched, and marked by the •
all-seeing eye of the
Almight—
y, and the day, too, will come when you will
have
. to stand before the Judge of all the world with
the evidence of your guilt full and
overwhelm.ing. That you may have all the time that can be
given to prepare for that more dreadful trial, we will
give you the most extreme length of time that the:
law allows. Every moment should be devoted to
preparation for the momentous event."

r THE CHANNEL ISLANDS We announced
some time back that these mails would be removed from
Weymouth to Southampton. We now hear that the
contract between the South-Western Steam-packet
Company and Government is near completion, and t bat
in a few weeks this desirable alteration will be effected.
—Hampshire Independent.
FORTIFICATION OF PLYMOUTH HARBOUR.—It is the.
ntention of the Board of Ordnance to fortify the bsr—
hour at this port. Two strong batteries, with 56,
pounders, capable of firing red hot shot, will be erected
at Staddon Heights, one at the Obelisk, and one or two
others at other points at Mount Edgecumbe. Heavy
guns will also be placed in the Citadel, at Clarence
Point, Stonehouso Hill, and Mount Wise. The neces-
sary 4stialates have been made, and the fortifications will
coat upwards of 18,000L—Dereoport Independent.