The Sun.
London, England, 1821-12-18 00:00:00

taining the free expression of the will of the said Junta, on th e
subject of the junction, in the form which may be most conve-
nient. For which purpose advantage will be taken of the op-
portunity which Sour situation must present after the next
campaign, inv)hich the pro\'inces of QUito and Cuenca will
be free. : -

" 2. The Superior Jutita of Guayaquil declares, that the
province which they represent is under the auspices and protec-
tion of the Republic of Columbia. Wherefore the Junta con-
fer on the President Liberator all their powers for providing for
the defence of the province, and maintaining its independence,
including all the powers connected with negotiations, treaties
of alliance, peace and commerce, to be entered into with friendly
nations, enemies, or neutrals. For this reason, the Junta will
prepare and transmit directly, or by means of Commissioners,
the necessary 'expositions which appear to be recommended by
the considerations due to this province, on account of its geo-
graphical, political, or commercial situation, in any treaties
which may be concluded.
" 3. The complete occupation of the department of Quito
being of the greatest importance to the general welfare of Ame-
rica, and in particular those parts of Columbia which still
groan under Spanish oppression ; Guayaquil, animated by the
sentiments of union and fraternity, engages to co-operate
by all possible means with the plans of the Republic for libe-
rating theprovinces of the said department. The Junta, there-
fore, promise to supply all the munitions of war, as far as may
be consistent with the resources of the country, and 800 veteran
troops, to be paid and maintained by the province. These
troops, incorporated in the division destined by the Liberator
to be employed in the south of this Republic, will afford a new
proof of the affection and interest which Guayaquil feels for
Quito, Cuenca, and the- other districts still in a state of sub-
jugation.
"- 4.: The Republic of Columbia offers her troops, arms, and
resources for the defence of Guayaquil, and all the department
of Quito. She therefore engages to send the troops which may
be necessary, and Guayaquil to facilitate transports and sup-
plies for passage and subsistence in the province, the expense of
which shall be recognized in the national debt.

" 5. Guayaquil 'tieing under the protection of the Republic,
and incorporating, by this convention, the greater part of its
force with the division of the south of Columbia, and under the
command of the Chief thereof, the Superior Junta, in the name
of the province, concede to the said Chief the powers necessary
for entering into stipulations, by any negociation- with the go-
vernment of Quito, which may have for its basis the liberty of
the country, for concluding any suspension of arms which may
be necessary, and for extending to the Republic of Guayaquil
the provisions of the treaty of the 25th of November last,
in respect to rendering the war between Columbia and Spain
regular.
" 0, The Government of Columbia, after the manifestations
already given of approbation and esteem for the eftbrts of the
people of Guayaquil, in breaking their chains and elevating,
themselves to the full enjoyment of the rights of social life, re-
cognizes in the province and its inhabitants the most important
supports of the liberty of Quito, and offers to recompense their
generous services and their co-operation in the plans of the Re-
-public, all the advantages which the situation of that pro=
vince on the Pacific claims.

" 7. The present treaty, concluded by the Superior Junta of
Guayaquil, in the name of the people whom they represent, and
by the General of Brigade Antonio Jose Sucre, commissioned
by the Government of Columbia, shall have force and complete
effect from the day of its date ; and under whatever form the
province may constitute itself, its Government shall be bound
to observe the said treaty, as shall that of Columbia, according
to its engagement.

" And pursuance of our having thus concluded and agreed,
we, the President and Members of the Superior Junta of Gua-
yaquil, and Brigadier-General Antonio Jose Sucre, commis-
sioned by the Government of the Republic, sign four copies of
this Convention, of which two are to remain in the office of the
Secretary of the Junta, and two shall be delivered to the said
Commissioner.

" Guayaquil, May 15, 1821." [The Signatures follow.]

EGYPTIAN AND NUBIAN ANTIQUITIES.—M.
Jom.tao, of the French Institute, has recently
received a letter 'from the French traveller M.
CAILLIAUD, dated from Sennaar, the 11th of
July, which gives a continuation of his labours,
from the date of his last account, published in
Tna Sox of the 10th ultimo. lie had reach-
ed the mouth of the Bahr-el-Azracq, or the
Blue River, in the Bahr-el-Abgad, or the
White River, which is the main branch of
the Nile, according to the reports of Lenoir,
Roulo, and Browne, who spoke, however,
only from hearsay. After having determined
the precise position of this point by celes-
tial observations, he continued his journey be-
tween these two arms of the Nile, leaving his
fellow-traveller on the right bank of the Nile of
Bruce. He has formed the bold resolution of as-
cending the White River to the highest practicable
point, amid unknown and savage tribes, several of
whom make use of 'poisoned arrows, and are sup-
posed to feed on human flesh. If he succeeds in this
enterprise, he will no doubt bring with him to
Europe very valuable information on regions
hitherto unexplored, on the productions and the
soil of the country watered by the Upper Nile,
and on the intercourse of the inhabitants with
Central Africa. We may also expect to receive
from this traveller new intelligence respecting
the rivers of the interior, and the people inha-
biting their banks. Since M. Cailliaud has visited
the great ruins of Assour, on the right bank of
the Nile, we can no longer doubt that it is the
position of Meroe. ,This celebrated town, the
seat of an empire, has to the present day re-
mained unknown. The latitude assigned to
it by the ancients (16 deg. 53 min.) agrees
perfectly with the observations of M. Cailliaud,
who is no longer of opinion that this ancient
town was at Mount Baikal, near Merawe. This
zealous and intrepid traveller has also found
other ruins at Soba, a day's journey to the south
of the junction of the two arms .of the Nile.
These ruins are more than 350 leagues from
Egypt or the Nile, and contain colossi and va-
rious monuments of Egyptian art : they belong
to a town of Saba mentioned by the ancients, but
not to that Which is alluded to in the Book of
Kings. The name of Gaba, which is also that
of 'the peninstila visited by M. Cailliatitl be-
tween the Blue River and the bender, has like-
wise a resemblance, accidentally without doubt,
to that of a region in Syria.
There has been recently found at Nismes, in
France, among the ruins of the Temple of
DIANA, a figure of APOLLO, of Parian marble, in
a very mutilated state. This remarkable piece
of antiquity is to be removed shortly to the Mu-
seum at Paris.

The Bishop of DURHAM has transmitted 1001.
to the Secretary of the Literary and Philosophi-
cal Society at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in aid of
the Fund for erecting the New Building lately
determined upon.
J. H. LEIGH, Esq. M.P. for Winchester, has
made a further reduction of 10 per cent. on the
rents of his Warwickshire estates.—At his audit
on Monday se'nnight, Sir HENRY WRIGHT WIL-
SON, of Chelsea Park, generously returned to
some of his tenants at Barton Stacey, Hants,
20 per cent. on their last half-year's rent.
It will be heard with regret that the Right
Hon. WILLIAM STURGES BOURNE has resigned
the duties of Chairman of the Hants County Ses-
sions.—lie will be succeeded by Sir JOHN HENRY
NEWBOLT, late Chief Justice at Madras, now re-
siding at Portswood, near Southampton.

EMIGRATION.

THE REPORT OF. THE. QUEBEC EMIGRAN'ggt
SOCIETY FOR 1821. -

In presenting .to the public the Statement at
their Proceedings, as well'as of their• Receipts
and Disbursements for the last year, the Quebec'.
Emigrants' Society are called upon' to Acknow-
ledge, in the warmest terms, the confidence re-
posed in them by the Earl of-DALlioust, and
the liberal contributionvof all classes.of4ll6
com-
munity, with his Excellency at their _head. They
have to render account for a large sum of nicineY,
and a very considerable trust, and as they.ven-
ture to hope that they can afford satisfaction•witli
respect to both, they solicit an •ekamitfatiou of
the following, particulars, which are drawn' as
well from the personal knowledge of the Mecri;.
hers, as 'from the • records of- their proceeglings
and the documents in their possession.. • •
The objects which have engaged the attention,
and employed the resources of the SocietY,,-may,
' be ranged, under four principal heads, of:which
a sketch is subjoined : ;
1. The first of these divisions is the establishment of. fifty.
families and six single men at Dnunmondville, sent Up st this
season last year. • His Excellency the Earl of Dalhousie.- was
pleased to transfer to the Emigrants' Society the ungranted lots
of-land, and the remaining stores and provisions of the Military
Settlement formed at that place after the late war, and -to plaee.
at the disposal of the Society the seriices- of the ci-devaiii-Se:zre.
taryto the Military Superintendant. By these itear.32' the Sol-
ciety were enabled to provide for many destithte Setticii,• and
though the expence was considerable, yet it is 'to be remenihered
that the city of Quebec was sensibly relieved by their renioval;
and the charity was of a nature to yield permanent advantage,'
Great care was taken to select persons of decent 'cliktact&, and"
to sift their circumstances closely, in order to guard against
abuse. Those who were found to possess the means Were Obliged
to transport themselves to the spot, and those who were des-
titute were conveyed at the Society's expence: The -:expe7
riment (for such it was) was more successful than could per-
haps have been anticipated, for although there were Some in-
stances of failure, and some few of imposition, the Socidiy bad-
the satisfaction of being assured by Colonel Ileriot, a Oiurn-
mondville, in the month of March last; that two thirdi of the
persons sent up promised well .to become very gold settle?,.,
A particUlar account of the state of this settlement (so far.a3
concerns the V.:migrants' Society and the bounty of Govern -
ment confided to their discretion) is expected shortly front the
Committee of Management upon the spot, and will be laid be-
fore the public, when received, as an Appendix to the pits=
Report. -

The only alarm which has been felt by the Society in this
department of their labours, was occasioned by the appearance
of the small-pox amongst the Settlers after their arrival at
Drummondville ; but by the timely interposition of the Earl of
DalhouSie, who sent up a Medical Gentleman with the means
of vaccination, the evil was checked m its very commencement.

11. The next department to be noticed is the Establishment
at the Cape, in the conduct of which the utmost care was taken
to profit by the experience of former years, and to prevent
those abuses to which such a receptacle is liable. It was con-
ceived to be an object of prime importance to introduce a sys-
tem of work into the Establishment. Under the authority,
therefore of the Commander of the Forces, and by means of
that readiness of accommodation * which the Society has inva-
riably experienced from all the Military Departments, 74 cwt.
of old junk was procured at different times from the Onlnance
Stores ; a daily task was assigned to every able individuell the-
performance of which was exacted as his title to receiverationa ;
and this rule was judged necessary to enforce it in a manner which ,
in some instances, seemed rigorous. No case, among the adults
upon the Establishment, wasalloweti to plead exempti= but that
of persons manifestly infirm, or thatof wtdowsburthcnOwith thCf
care oflarge families. Those Settlers who were permitted to occupy
the barracks without drawing rations, being engaged in work
abroad, were charged with the proportion of fuel which they con-
sumed. And in order, as far as possible, to,excludc idlers and
postors, by rendering the system uninviting to such characters, a
nole of rations was established of which the quality was coarse,
and the quantity not more than sufficient ; and an application
for an increased allowance of bread was refused. This test
proved effectual in several instances, and cased the institution
of some worthless applicants. Means were also taken to provi(le'
work, or to procure situations, for persons not employed on tie
Cape, and saws were purchased to be lent to a certain number
of men who were furnished with tickets from the Society; and
sent to seek a maintenance by this species of labour. 'All gross
misconduct was punished by dismissal. The whole immediate
charge was committed to a man of excellent character, who
was also found to be a very exact accountant ; and the general
inspection was given to a Committee of Gentleman who visited
the place daily in rotation, and met there once a week for the
examination of the accounts. Two of the persons upon the
establishment were employed to keep a School to one of the
rooms for such children aS were too young or too ragged to at-
tend the free school in the town. 'The number of scholars
amounted to about 50. The whole number of persons who drew
rations from the 28th of October to the 10th June; when the
concern at the Cape was closed, and the debris. of the establish
transferred to one of the Towers, amounted to, Men
80, Women 44, Children 98 ; and their weekly average dur-
ing the whole time may be stated at Men 17, Women .18,- and -
Children 33.

111. The third branch of expmature to he stated is that
Which regards the vote of the Society passed at a Meetinq held
on the 20th. September last, for sending home certain families
or individuals whossrpeculiar circumstances might seem to jus-
tify such a measure. Most of the persons who were sent in
consequence of this vote produced certificates from
Gentlemen in the place, as to the necessity or expediency of
their removal to Europe. Their names and those of the ships
by which they were sent will appear in the Account of Dis-
bursements.

11/. Under the fourth and last head may be classed all those
minor and miscellaneous expellees which it may he sufficient at
present to enumerate, such as d e payment of some few passagts
in the steam-boats, where the settlers have shown some
particular inducement for their proceeding up the country, the
assistance given to different individuals to make up the defi-
ciency of a sum which would enable them to join their friends
in sonic of the other British Provinces—the relief extended to
dispersed cases of distress arising from sickness or other mise
fortunes—the occasional allowance made, according to petvious
arrangement, to one of the families removed to the Tower--
the purchase of warm clothing for one or two individuals who
worked their passages home—the expence of advertising for in-
telligence respecting Settlers who had preceded their fainilies—
with various other items of similar description, in the maniige-
ment of which it has been studiously endeavoured to husband
the resources of the Society. •
It would be improper to pass without notice the great relief
afforded to this Society, and to the Inhabitants of Quebec, dor- •
ing the last winter, by Nlonsgr. the Roman Catholic Bishop,
who caused a number of families to be distributed in the Cour,
try Parishes and supported by the Inhabitants, in return for such
services as they might be found capable of rendering. And it
is to be supposed that many of the persons so distributed ac-
quired a permanent footing and livelihood in the Parishes to
which they were sent.
As there are several circumstances which will concur to con-
tract the operations of this Society in, future, within a much
narrower field, and possibly, in the opinion f sonic persons,
to supersede the necessity of its continuance, (the eshiblish-
ment of Emigrants upon lands being closed—the cases of sick-
ness being provided for by the Hospital opened under the di-
rection of the Health Officer—the Savings Bank haying, it is
hoped, sensibly diminished the distress produced by the -partial
cessation or labour at this season—and the Emigrants' Society
having themselves passed a vote on the 2,ith October last to try
the experiment, for this year, of dispensing with any Winter
Establishment,) it may not be improper to take a very slight
retrospect of the origin and objects of an Association which, '
although circumstances may have lessened its necessity, was
however the result of urgent and palpable necessity at first.-e-
And it is worthy to be observed, that while this Assoeiation
has been frequently objected to upon the spot, as tending to
draw Emigrants to the place, its proceedings have been Can-
vassed in the Sister Province as tending to repel them, by means

* The barrack itself, the bedding, the medical assistance
rendered, were all received from the Alilitary Departments, and
the Society would have been greatly at a loss in making their
arrangements respecting the Drummondville scttlers withol.t the
aid or the Qr, Mr. Geul.'s Department.