The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-30 00:00:00

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A:. Or TIEE CAMBRIA.

,•10.N AND nUSINESS IN

The : -eves- lee-ees, Cepteiu Juleins, arrived at
Liverpool fsorn New York en Sueday, having made the
passage ia eleven days and a half Item Boston. She
brings New York papers to the 15th inclusive, and has
ninety passengers. On the 17th she passed the Acadia
between Halifax and Boston. The intelligence brought
by this mail is of consieerahle importance, though we
regret to say net of a very pacific character. The prin-
cipal tepies are thus Leven in one of the New York
journals:—" let. The pipers contein the whole diplo-
matic correspondence between the American and British
Ministers upon the Oregon question. 2d. Intelligence
from Washington that the negotiations which had been
suspended have been re-opened by Mr. Pakenham, upon
new propositions of compromise. 3d. In the event of
any difficulty taking place vl Ith England upon this
question, the probable action of Congress upon the
subject, and the proposition by Colonel Benton of
organising 200,000 militia, in order to meet the
important crisis, including also a suitable increase
of the steam navy, fortifications, and naval armaments.
4th. The re-opening of negotiations between Mexico
and the United States, and the proposition for the pur-
chase of California, with the probable expectation of a
magnificent plan for uniting both republics, so as to give
peace to both, and to present an important front to all
European Governments. These things affect our foreign
relations. In domestic affairs, the prospect that a re-
venue tariff will be established by Congress, together
with a specie currency system for the Government, 0
the best general plan to prevent inflations, give petite'
don to all the interests of the country, and enable it to
m,et and prevent all commercial explosions hereafter.''
Besides, we are enabled to give the reports °f
the state of the American army and nevi
with the Treasury report on the state of
the finances. An opinion prevailed in certain
quarters that the Oregon question will be made to assure°
such a shape in Congress as not to be justly offensive W
Great Britain. War, they say, is declared not to be the
necessary consequence of the inflammable course of 3f.e.
Polk, although none deny but that a continuation of
such can but irritate the public mind, and so force on
belligerent attitude. The extreme democrats are for the
immediate establishment of a territorial government over
the territory, without giving the notice required by the
convention of 1818; the next in the order of zeal are for
extending the protection of the American Government
to its citizens there, and simultaneously giving the notice
required; while the more moderate, and the more nutners
ous friends of the Administration, together with the great
body of the Whigs, will probably go for no further
legislative action at this time than shall be sufficient 0
carry out the recommendations of the message in relation
to this subject. The President's message has been referred
to its appropriate committee in the Senate and House, se
much of it as relates to the Oregon matter to the Cote'
mitt, e on foreign relations, and that part relating to the
tariff to the Ccinmittee on Ways and Means. There is
good reason to suppose that the Democrats wish to wiek
this subject out of sight in the excitement created by the
hazardous state of foreign relations, but they will bee
some difficulty in so doing. When the subject was re:
ferred, Mr. Andrew Stuart, of Pennsylvania (Whigfi
moved that the reference be accompanied with instrer
tions to report the tariff of 1842, without amencloieoty
which was, however, subsequently withdrawn. Tiliv
shows that the Whigs mean to have a fight on the sn'
ject, whenever and in whatever stage of it they find ee
opportunity. The admission of Texas into the Union 0
a state will be accomplished at an early day.
Mr. Douglass, of Illinois, by general consent, reported
back from the Committees on territories the copy of the
constitution of Texas, referred to them, accompanied bi
a joint resolution for the admission of Texas into WI
Union, declaring the state of Texas to be one of the
states of the Union. Made the special order of the day
for 16th December, and ordered to be printed. An call
to refer to the Committee of the whole on the state e
the Union failed.
Two memorials have been presented to Congress feoe:
the inhabitants of the Oregon territory. The first we
presented by Mr. C. J. Ingersoll, in the House of Refire:
sentatives. It enumerates in very glowing style the-
vantages which Oregon holds out, and expatiates In
flowing language upon the future greatness of the feel
shores, derived from the fertility of soil, salubrity °
climate, the abundance of productions, and the COW
merce of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. They ask fo,l.
the protection of Congress by extending over the tore
tory the laws of the United States, taking exclusive per
session of it, and sending an adequate military force Pr
its security. They also ask fur donations of laudt°
settlers, a monthly overland mail, navy yards and Op
depots, and the establishment of commercial reel. eel
This memorial is signed by S. Leets, jun., presidetoy
by two persons who make their marks as vice-prestd,
It has been intimated that it was written in Wall-se"
New York. in
The other memorial was presented by Mr. Bente/err
the Senate. It is much more modest in its tone 04 ibe
quests, and purports to come from the citizens o,fohei
til
United States residing in the Oregon territory. 10$
solicit equal protection from the United States 0
ita
enjoyed by British residents. They state their e%P°
condition, and their liability to Indian aggression
that to avert impending evils the British and Areal d
population hale united to establish a provisional eeo
temporary government. The union of interests, th
far, they state to have been productive of good results'
but the government is crippled in its powers by t 7
paramount duties of each class to its respective nett°o
Dr. Elijah White, who carried the above memorial fro
,n
Oregon to Washington, asks fur a seat in Congress;
represent that distant territory. It is said that upon 1. t
success of this agent in securing the assistance asked ,tcle
depends the decision of the question, whether or not
people adopt au independent republic on the shores of tp
Pacific Ocean.
It is reported that the President is desirous of seer;
leg the return of Mr. Calhoun to the Cabinet. Of:
Benton, as chairman of the Committee on Military A,
fairs, intends reporting a Bill fur the immediate orgs:ll.4
ration and equipment of 200,000 volunteers. Gene 0
Cass has already called for information, from his place
in the Senate, as to the military condition o: the country;
and its present capability to defend itself in case of ea
attack. Col. Benton, as the proper exponent of the lane
forces in that body, will throw the whole subject betr,,f
the country, and recommend an appropriation
10,000,000 dollars to organise and equip this force.
The Washinyam Nalional Intelligencer states, that ne-
gotiations for an adjustment of the Oregon question are
to be opened at London, under the auspices Of gr.
M`Lane, or a special eliniater, if any serious difficulties
should occur with the British Cabinet; and further, that
the overtures for a reconsideration of the whole issue (311
a new footing, will originate from the American Ada
ministration, under the immediate instructions of rr
sident Polk. It adds, that members of the Cabinet /Wt
individually expressed themselves in decided terms 01*
corroboration with this statement, and that the Seal:
tary of the Treasury declared to a senator, that althougt:
war was a possible contingency of the Message, he di°
not consider it a probable one, fur the steps now under
consideration, and which would be adopted by the Ad'
ministration, would, in his judgment, prevent the (gear'
rence of such a catastrophe. Room has been left for the
re-opening of negotiations under the " compromise," 0r
any new proposition, on the ground that Mr. PAW
ham's instructions did not embrace the boundary line
which was offered.
The papers bring the messages of the governors 44
various states. We find that the finances of the state'
are, severally in an improved condition, and there is
every prospect of the interests on debts being paid.