The Sun.
London, England, 1817-07-31 00:00:00

CONFESSION OF DANIEL MUNN.

The case of Daniel who was convicted
tot nturi:et' at the Hertford Assizes, was oar of the
most atrocious that ever occurred in the criminal
:words of this country. He was convicted of the
murder Payoe, on his return from Hemp-
stead market, where he was in the habit of selling
corn for the farmers, and receiving their Money,
which he frequently took borne with him. The
prisoner was intimately acquainted with biro, and
consequently knew his habits as well as the road •
he travelled home trout market : he attacked the
onfortunate tnan in a lane unawares, struck
him behind the ear and upon the head with a ham-
mer, and then cut his throat. He was co,. victid
on a chain of circumst not 611 evidence, so strung
that no douht could remcin in the minds
of the Court or Jury as to his guilt ; nibt tt tistand-
ing which, ho weer! , it is satisfactory to know that,
previous to tiis execution, lie made a full confession
of his Built, and stated the only cireumstam e which
did not come out in evidence, viz. where the h went r
and knife were deposited wiih which lie committed
the murder. The unhappy wretch also made a
voluntary confession of two other ()ratio !waders
which he had committed; the one on a poor
old woman (by the name of Hail), et h.. kept
a small shop at Dagnall, near his own re i-
dence—(he rented a small farm in the same
parish, under the Earl of Bridgewarer) He stated,
that t.e n ear into her honse (being known to her)
about nine o'clock in the morning; that he took au
opportunity of getting behind her and striking her
with a bill, which lay in the house, behind her
,ear; That he then cut her throat with a knife si-
milar to the one he cut poor Payne's throat with
(a butcher's knife) ; and on being asked where
he had secreted that knife, he said in a well on
the old woman's premises ; that be took 401. from
her, 231. of which he paid to Lord Bridgewater
for rent, and the remahider he paid away to dif-
ferent persons in the village in discharge of small
debts. This occurred about a year and a half ago.
In respect to the murder of his wife, he stated that
he followed her into the cow-house, where she went
to give some hay to the cows, about 2 o'clock in the
afternoon; that lie struck her unawares with a billet
of wood behiud the ear, which nearly killed her; that
he immediately afterwards eragged her to the
and put her down it, head foremost. This oc-
curred about six weeks before the murder of
Payne. She was found in the well on the same
day, upon an alarm being given by her husband.
He could assign no motive for this horrid act.—
He admitted he and his wife had ft eiviently
words together, but not on that day, end stated
that site was a good wife. It is not only fortu-
nate for the ends of public justice, but more par-
ticularly so far the inunilliate neighbourhood in
which these horrid transactiuns occurred, two in-
nocent men having been sit ()ugly suspected of the
murder of the old woman at argued, and the whole
neighbourhood being under the most horrid ap-
prehensions of repetitions of.the cruel scenes which
had so recently taken place there. It is worthy of
observation, that the first suspicion of this man's
wilt, who had previously borne a good character,
and upon itom the slightest suspicion had not at.
'ached, arose out of an act of Providence. The mur-
derer had hidden a pocket-book, which he bad
taken from Payne, in his barn. One of his own
men west into the barn with a pitchfork, to get
some loose straw. He observed as be tho.ight
the motion of a rat in the corner of the barn
under the 4traw. He struck at it with his fork,
and instead of a rat, pierced the pocket-book,
which came out at the end of his fork. Amongst
others, no person has been more satisfied in a
business of so horrid and disagreeable a nature,.
by the confession of this wretch, than the Earl
of Bridgewater, to whose indefatigable exertions,
it is but justice to add, is to be attributed the
bringing to justice and condign punishment the
perpetrator of these atrocious crimes. Munn was
executed on Monday morning, in pursuance of
his sentence ; he died as penitent as a man could
die with such a weight of guilt upon his bead.
On the scaffold be begged time spectators to take
warning by his fate.

Pnrce OF BULLlON.—Yesterday Foreign Gold
in Bars, was at 41.—New Dollars at ss. 2d. and
Silver in Bars at ss. 3d.

SOUTHAMPTON, JUL: 26.—Our Annual Sailing
Match is fixed for Saturday the 9th August next,
when we expect his Excellency GRoP.oz HENRY-
Rose, one of our Members, with many of
his frierli!s, he being recently arrived front his
Embassy at the Prussian Cuurt. The match is
under his patronage, and bids fair to be well at-
teltded.
PILLAR OF THE CHURCH.—At the visitation at
Doncaster, a Churchwarden, for one of the to
ships within the parish, was sworn in fur the 49.1.1
year of serving the office.
Three hundred and thirty-seven ships with car..
goes have cleared at the Custom-house, New-
castle, for fore'gn ports, in the (porter ending
the sth inst. being .abuve 100 ships more than.
deareld out in the same quarter in any of the three
preceding years ; and another gratifying circum-
stance is, that most of these cargoes have been
shipped in *consequence of orders front abroad, not
on speculation.
On the 9th inst. at Lamberton Races (Berwirk-
npon-Tweed), Mr. DAwsoN's filly, Lalla
fell, and the celebrated rider, W. Bus NTON, re-
ceived so much injury, that lie died shortly after.—
(Country Paper
A cut ions shoe, which appears to be one piece
of leather, dressed in sortie manner, het not
tanneA, as the hair of -it:e :.oittod is still visible,
was ring Op, I,st week-, by a man getting peat,
from the depth of five feet below the surface, on
the moss belonging to 'F. Lowa-llEa, Esq. near
Dornoch, in Scotland. I; is open before from the
toe upwiods, hut laced ‘‘ith a thick leather thong.
A young Gentleman, Mr. WM. MENZIES, a ma-
nufactnrer in Carl'sle, in travelling to%varus Dion-
ft its in a gig, on Sunday night, was ucd
by allowing his horse, in the dark, to go too near
the side of the road, as he w;ts descendi,g the hill
on the of her side of the Sark toll-har. Eat ly on
Monday morning he was discovered by rite
of the mail coach, and t,ken up without any signs
of life, the home and gig having Lin all night oz%
his body.

i't-toIiCSALs AND .REGULATIONS

RELATIVE TO
THE ROYAL NAVY',

14AD'E 8Y THE BOXIirY OF TIMIRALT'f, ANL) SANC-
-1-I,)NED I OEI)E1.1 IN COUNCIL, COM.:,!ENCING
ON THE AST OF J.‘tiCARY, 1817.

It ‘v” to be expected, that, in th'e lapse
of time, and still inore, in the course of a war, 'on-
'exiitnpled in duration and extent, 'several varia-
tions-fp ow the old otabl;shinent 'And TegOlations
Of the RoYal Navy shoUld'hd%;i: Olsen pliice.; and
how:;v;A: desirable, in the'vieN either of 'economy
nr convviikaces nnifohnity may be,. it %vas impos-
iihie, (hiring ;tie Fcs,,nre of ‘.V3l',, to resist
the innovations temporal circ'nnistatire's
I't 111 d tiecesary, 61; to remould and reform the
whole syteni of the Navy, on every occasion On
Which s,on6 alte'ration introduced.'

We diet( fore find 11,at there have grown tip se-
eral inconsistencies, irregularities, and departures
froni t ystAlishinents, in 'particular articles of
the naval service ; and as we think this a favour-
able occaSrion. for endeavouring to remedy the in-
ConVenienCe ises Iron) these irregniarities,
and to reduce', as 'far as may be pacticable, the
several alterations which 114 ye been made, into one
regtaar system, we most humbly`beg leave to sub-
!nit lo'yotrr Royal 1-lighness's gracious c6n,idera-
tion the tollowing observations and propositions,
on the rates, classification, and schemes of arming
and manning his M4jesty's ships ; and on 4-1.2t7:'13".
trAiligs, and numb:As of the officers and tva, rant
aml uiissioned Officers of his
Alt-I.o.q.'y'i Navy and Rciyal iNii-irines, and the
estAlishwelit of the compatiies af Royal Mariae
tifilrry.

I. The post.ships of the Iloyal Navy are aisided into six
rates; he.,iiles which, there are the Various Classes of sloops,
fire-ships, booths. gun-vessels, yachts, schooners, and cutters.

. .
iLe division of ?be Royal S;jivy into six rates took place in
the reign of King Charles the First, a 0 a at that period, and
for several years afterwards, these rates included the•whii!e
Navy:

In%the rein of King Charles the Second, the sloops, fire-
-3hips:ml yachts, becalm- distingqished front the six,th ratts.
At the 'Bev., the' rates CO:uprise& neatly the same
elassjs of ships w ich they now do, except that 11w sixth _rate
sti ipclutied, reit;ls of a less number of guns than tweilty.
In the sear 1719, a general establishment for building was
adopted, which hoWever was not long adhered to.

In 17:33, a scheme of manning and armament, ut gunning,
as it was-called, was proposed, but the latter was not adopted
till the }Tar 171.2, and then only as applying to ships built
since'l7,lo..

In T 742, the ships- of 20 guns, of the sixth rate, were in-
creased to 24 guns, and 11i0, morn, and this became for the time
the lowest class of post-ships.
In the year 17.15, the Board of Admiralty, observing' that
" no'csiablishment or regulation for budding ships had been
madt.sinee the year 1.719,, Which. had been-long discontinued;
that instead thereof ships had been built according to parti-
cular' schenieS and proportions, wirnunt any standar'd or nni-
- foriultv ; those of the saute rate being often of unequal- dimen-
sums, so that tbe stores and furniture of one would not suit
mint Lier of the same doss,--a matter of infinite inconvenience
in point of service, as well as the occashni.-of extravagance in
point ofrexpente,&c.;" directed a Conimittet composed of all
tiag-otlicers. in:employed, of the Commissioners of the Navy
who were ser., oflicers, under the presidency of Sir 3olio N tins,
Admiral of the Fleet, and assisted by all the master ship-
wrights, to consider and propose proper establishments of
guns' men, scanting of timbet s, masts, yards, stores, &c., for-
each rite at class of his Majesty's ships.
This Cuilimittee made. a very elaborate report, and the
was established by Order in Council of his Aiajesty'
---ktiog George the Second, on the -27th of March, 174G.'

By ti is estalilist4ment, ttic, rates, arroaateat, and,compte.:.
'mitts, of his Majesty's ships, were to Le a§

RatC.

Guns.

Dien.

Rate.

( ur s.

Men.

1 -.... 100 850 or 750
2 00 750 01 660
2 . j 30.. 650 or 600
• • • . 70.. : .520 or 460

41 .4,20 or 380
t 150 850 or 5280
5 .... 44... .280 or 220
6 24.* . . 100 or 140

On this tstablishotedt, it is to be .obsrrved, that the 80-
gnn ships on the t bird rate were on three decks,: and that the
Board of Admiralty had suggested ro the Committee the ex-
pedieneyof substituting., instead of this class, shills of 74 guns
on two decks and a half, a proposition deeidedly rejected by
tltk Commttter.

A ehoet period only had however elapsed, before a very
striking instance was given,' both of the way in which innova-
tions are pr. daced, and of the impossibility cf resisting them;
for, en the 3d of -February, 1747, the Board of Admit City ac-
quainted his Majesty, that, " the French ship Invincible,
, lately captured, was found to be ger than his Majesty's
ships of 90 guns, and 7a) men ; and suggested that this ship,
and all other prizes of the like class, and also his Majesty's
ships of 00. guos,
,wlien reduced to two decks and a half, and
74 guns, should be allowed a coMplement of 700 men ;" and,
in 17..8, the hoard represented to the King in Council, that
the ships built according to the representations of the Coin-
Plitli't had not answered their expectations, and they there-
fore, prayed his Majesty's sanction for departing, in new ships
abont to he built, from the forms MO models so lately estab-
lished. This was.granted, but not till the Board had been
called upon h the Council, to lay before it a particular ac-
count of the alterations and variations designed ; and on se-
veral subs:l'llOn occasions; in which -the said establishment
Was departed from, a minute detail of the variation was pre-
t•iou submitted for the approbation of his Majesty ill
- We the rather notice these particulars, to show the dif-
ficulty, not to say the impossibility, of establishing and ad-
hering to any fixed forms or scantlings, on which subject.xe
shall humbly submit some observations licreaNr.
_

Stibsegnent to this period; the introdi?etion of 7.l's appears
to have gradually ad'anced, as well as of frigates of interme-
diate sizes, between 44's and 24's; fur, in the latter end of
the reign of King George. the Second, the classes of iships-
comprised in the-set-el-al rates were as fopow, viz.:—

-Ist Rate - - 100 Guns. 15th Rate - - 44 Guns.
4(1 Hate - 90
ad Rafe - SO
- 74

36 -

70 ---

fqii Rate - - 30

-4th Rate - - 60

20 -

During the whole of the prr;od hereinhefore referred to,
and intiteu ,i,wn to 1793, the force of tit': ships was stated
from the act nal number of eons they really carried; bat the
introducti,m* of carroundes, which began partially in 1772,
and which was finally adopted on the present extended scale
in the Navy, during the course of the first revolutionary war,
increased the armament of the vessels, as they ;were -found
able to carry a greater number of carronadcs than the guns in
whose stead they were adopted, so that the real force of the
ships has no longer corresponded with their nominal force
and that principle of variation being once adinitted, ships
have since that time received denominations as to their num-
lima gulls, often, we believe, capriciously, and in one or
two classes only, of the whole Nary, agreeing with their real
force.

• few instances will show your -Royal Highness the incon-
sistencies into whichjhis deviation from the old rules of the
service has led.

The c;aledonia, rated 120 guns, carries 120 gtins; while the
Hibernia, a ship of nearly the saute dimensions, which car-,
ries exactly the same number of -guns, is rated only at 110
being a less number by 4 tikaii that at which the San
Jeseph is rated, though the furratirhas in fact 10 guns wore
tliati the latter.

all ships of the second rate, though rated as 98,, carry up-
cards of 100 guns, and they have all more guns than the. St.
Gjdrge, Itrst rate, which is rated and carries 100 guns; and
they onght all, tirereforc, according to the established regula
tioos, to he included in the first rate, and there are in fact
no real second rates, viz.- three-dickers of be,ttt ern 90 and
too guns, at., present existing in the • Royal Navy, in a sea-
going-condition.
in the tltiol rate, some of the ships rated at 80 inns carry
ntvir 90, ani: nthcrs rated as 74 carry SO guns, but the Ilia-
jofity of the same denomination carry 74, and this is one of
the...very few teases inwl,ieh the real nominal force agree.
to the fourth rate, of the ships rated at 80 guns, one class
Mint on two decks) carries 58 guns, another (that on one
deck) carries 60 and upwards. •
In the fifth rate there are three frigates rated as of 44 guns,
!tamely, the Sybille, taken front the French, which carries 43

gnn the aftralscr, wlll•cli_c_artics 60 guns: •
.andh he late Ameiican ship President, the g[l:li mounted in
whith, on the day of her capture', were- 64, besides one 42-,'
pounder howitzer.
The frigates rated at 40 guns carry 50, and those rated-aL
38 Orrry 46 And upwards,
Thi• majority ot.t,lioe rated.at 3d guns carry 44, and some.
of those rated ar32'Caia y 4fl!tud• 4S, being more than others
that are rated at Att and -38. - • ' .
Simile,. differences between the real and the nominal
amount of force exist in the fifth rate, but it it unnecthary
ta srecify the details. . . .
trust 'ere shall tie ckcus.rd for observing to your noyal:;..
Highness th•tt it is wholly unworthy the-ehar.aeter of the lluyal
Navy of tY is hr.gdom to maintain this systeni, which, though
ittrodui..%ed by the'aceidental cause we have mentioned, and •1
without any tit-sig.:loA' decerioti, yet may give. occasion -tor 1
.foreigir nations t aCCO,t, us of inisr2presentation, sklien.we
state that it,Thitish fiii:ate of 3,.; ;Tins has taken a Iffeign fri-
gate of 44, When, in tact, the rirtisli.frigate was of equal, if
not _superior force., . •

therefore recomnivlid, lhat-yinir Itoyal Iligh-
.
ness he pl•asetl to oreke, that the role for sLiting the
force of leis si‘Lijesty's ships, winch rev:lilvtl prior to tire:
year 1793, and wilien, in 1.1 L:, txter was forinAlly io)ro,::ate;tl,
should be rcsit'ed and est:11)6;11...1; 411(1 11,1.10 furore ail Ins
i)lajesty's ships should he rated at the nuinlier of guns and
cal-to/lades...whit:ll.olu actually carry, WI tilt ir decks, q1.1:11-_
ter-decks, and forecastles.

The recurrence to dais ancient practice of the service will
render some slight variation. as to the limits'of some: of the
rates themselves, necessary; and we therefore humbly pro
pose that the following scales of rates be adopted
The first rate t? include all 3-dechers, itiasintich as nil sea-
going ships of that description carry too guns and upwaids.
The second rate to. include all ships of 8U guns and up-
wards, on two decks.

The third rate to include all ships of 70 or upwards, and,
less-than 80 guns. - • ' • •
fourthirate to include all ships of 50 and,npwards, hut
less than 70 guns.
The &fth rate to include all ships from 3(7 to 50 guns..
The sixth rate to include all ships trout 14 to 365 guns.
Though, by this regulation, no ship toolfr 24guns will'
hereatter he a past ship, we, in pursuance .ot the ancient
practice of the service, iiropose that all his Majesty's yachts
Should be considerektas post ships, and shouid see eaten, one,
as a second rate, and the rest. as third rates, out with such
complements as we snay apoint.
It is necessary here to stair, that several sloops are now
rated as post ships, and vice versa; and as much neconve-i-
-ence to toe oit eel- -who may'he in the command of such slips,
and much embarrassment to the public service, would arise,
if the present rates-of sueh vessels were to be immediately
changed, we submit-to your li2ey,te iiighuess that with regal ft
-to any such vessels at present. in eamission, this new ar-
Yangenient shall,nut ap; I toil,' shall he paid off, or un-
til some otherlavourabee opportunity shall offer of ',facing
them in their proper' rates•
Yoar Royal Highness will observe that this scheme differs
very little from that which, gi own into use, and slid less
from the last establishment (that of 174 U), which had toe
sanction of his Majesty in cuancil, and which, strictly speak 7
ing, may be said to be still in force.
We beg leave farther to represent to your Royal IlighnesS
that the schemes for manning his Majesty's ships have,'lront
the causes already refet red td.with regard to the gulls, and:
front accidental and ten‘purary circumstances, become so
very varionspthatthough th'ese six rates were originally in-
tended to regulate, amongst other things, the amount of the
respective complements, there exist at this moment not fewer
than twenty-nine different scales for towelling, the ships of the
six rates; the third rate alone-ineltiding set en distinct cunt-
plements.
It were to be desired that all this variety and irregularity
should be abolished; but we have seen that,
.so early as the
year 1741 i, there were ief schemes of manning, and the variety
of ships which hare been from time to time built or -captured
(which though they may fall tender the sione.rate,- are yet of
very different sizes) render perfect uniformity in this point
impracticable : we are, however, of opinion, .wt mature cone
sideration, that this variety "may he re,y touch diminished;
and that two, and, in one or two rates, three schemes of
manning, in each rate, will be round to answer all the prac-
tical pqrposes.ot the service, and will tend to- simplify the
system, by thus reducing the twenty-nine schemes before-
rnentioired-to 15 or 14. •

`We therefore submit for your Royal Highness's gracious
approbation, that the following be the may. cumplcluetils-to
be hereafter allowed to the several rates of his Majesty's ships
an,t vessels :

Ist.rate 900, 850, or 800 Men. f 4th rate .... 450 or 3r.:0 bleu.
ed ditto 700 or 11(1. 1j iil~ ditto.— 300 or 2SO
Sd ditto 00 or dOO t)th ditto 175,146, or 1-25.

Of sloops there are so many varieties, that we cannot pro-
pose to reduce the eight schemes of complement note• existing,
to less titan four, as folloky, vik.isioopS,. 133, 10, 96, and 7 5
men.

Brigs (not sloops), cutters, sehnorirrs. and bombs, we pro-
pose to reduce Irmo. .ten .schemes of .complement, to two,
namely, 60 or .50 men.
Ansi we also propose that for-small craft, which may not
require so large-a complement as 50--inen, we may-be-autho-
rised to assign such a compleareut as .%vct May deem necessary.
As there are no longer any regularAre,ships in the-service,
we humbly propose that., whenever it may become necessaryr
to fit out any-vessels of this description, we may be lint he-
rized to assign to-them such- complement of oiheers and men,.
together with the pay of such rate or class, as the size of the
vessel employed, or the nature of the particular service, tray
render expedient.
We farther propose,- that .when. it shall be necessary to fit
out troop ships, we may he authorized to assign to them such
rates and complements as may. seem proper.
By these regulations, the forty-seven varieties of"eomple-
ments, now in use in the [lacy, will be reduced to twenty.
Having thus submilteol to your itoyal Highness our 'pro-
positions for the rating and manning of his Majesty's ships,
it is next our duty to state, that, the varieties in the, rigging
and arming of ships are at least as great as in the comple-
ments; the irregularities and deviations from establishment
in regard to the Torus. scantling, &c. of his Majesty's ships,
complained of in 1745, are now exceedingly increased, and
are of much more serious injury to the service, both in re-
spect to convenience and economy.

It is obvious that the extra expence of providing masts.,
yards, rigging, and stores of various dimensions, for ships of
the same actual .force, must be very great; because, if not
required for the particular ship.for which they were originally
prepared, they are either useless, or must be altered to fit
sonic other ship at a great loss of labour, time, and materials;
and, in cases of accident or urgency, this variety disables the
ships from assisting each other: and it requires that.t he naval
at serials, both at home and abroad., should he furnished,. ht
a very great expence, with a notch larger assortment of these
articles than would be necessary if they could he made more
generally applicable to the probable wants of the whole fleet;
this will be explatsied to your Royal HighneSs more forcibly,
by stating that for the single class of ships of the third rate,
called 74's, there were lately not less than serer 'different
schemes of wasting and rigging ; and that a squadron might
be composed of seven vessels of this force, which could not
properly employ one another's-spare :pars, and Sails, -and for
each of which the dock-yards must necessarily have their in-
dividual gear.
Itis in this particular. above all others, that uniformity
would be desiraole; but the experience of what occurred 11317.
mediately after the establishment of 1746, as we have already
stated, and of all subsequent times, shows that it is unfortu-
nately unattainable the varieties-of ships produced by suc-
cessive endeavours toimprove our models, and still more-the
great numbers of ships of all classes which have been captured
from the variotis enemies With whom we have been at war,
render any scheme of perfect -uniformity impracticable; omit
this very important subject has not escaped our consideration.
We have, in cinjUnction with the Navy Board, and with
the assistance:of a Committee of experienced sea officers,
taheu measures fur pushing this principle of uniformity as
far as the nature of the case would allow; and though the
experience of what has occurred •ow former occasions dis-
suedes us from atteeipting to establish, by the approbation
and sanction of your Royal Highness in Council, minute de-
tails of the forms,lines,and scantlings of kis Majesty's ships,
-we have the satisfaction of stating that a system of gradual
assimilation is in progress, and that we hope to see it every
day become -of more extensive operation, and inure practical
utility; and we beg leave humbly to assureyoucßayal High_
tiess, tl:at no efforts shall be,spared, on our parts, to prevent
for the future, any unnecessary deviation front the establish-
ments of rigging ansi armament, and to reduce the varia-
tions which exist to as few Classes as possible.
W now proceed• to sobinit to your Royal Highness some
observations on-the present mode of calculating the sea-pay
of the officers and men of the fleet.

The pay of all classes in the service is liableto certain per-
manent deductions; and the pay of commissioned and war-
rant officers receives a very considerable addition, under the
name of compensation ; so that the rates of pay stated in the
pay table would give a very 'erroneous .idea of the actual pay
of the several classes. • - .
. , .
_

But the present system is also liable.to other and more se-
rious objections; fur these tkduetions, frow cattses which are

no;' la:catric utsukie, effect tL aiitert'ilt clalshs iire-
go • . . • ~„
Thus, I:lleAcduction from the pay of a post captain, cos -
tuandilig'i ship- who‘e complement may be 215 men,. is 4s. -3d..
Ter loaosem,. while Iltat
,frow,the pay of all captains of sinallcy
post, ships, ;001 of a I couiniondt rs", is 4s. 9d. ; while the .de-
ouction from the still inietiur pay
sof lientcosnts, sad IpaSyg.ri
is a'ssntt ch as from Us. t 0 '7s. Pd. per ma liSeM ; and while
dedUction.; from .at gupoer or. boatswain of a first rate are
ss. pd., those from the carpetit!‘r are (is.
The Addition, byway of compensation, Itas an equany ir-
tegOlsfr :effect.

[To be coiltiatletl.l' -

ES,l.',7c. ASSIZES.

Cqi.t..msFoßti, .ILtr.t'2g..-=-The Sionmet Assizes
for ihe county. I,f • ,commenced ttCfC yesur-
(l3y bctut'e Lni
„the
Side, and 11.1:-..Tuktice DALLAs in the Civil Sine.—
Ji.dgesattended divinesee-
Viet, ; 10-trr they peoceeded tti' open the.
an,l this Allot ning they cominenced
the business of the, A s§i4e,

CIVIL

THE KING V. THE INHABITANTS OP. cinOwELL

This was 39 indietthent 'against the tiefendan
for. not keepin' in repair a certain' publk
wa'y leading from Woodford-bridge through .the
fore.t of I.lainault to Chigwell-roiv,: in the• cie
tendants'

The 'trial lasted nearly the whole day, and the
principal question was, ‘vhether the road in ques-
tion was; according:to the Lilignage of the indiet-
ment, a iniblic
_high way for time immemorial, used
hy Hu! King's subjects to-pass t hre)tigh and along
at all times, with carts, waggons,, and carriages.
Front the evidence it appeared that the highway
in question was ordy,a fair-weather yoadrand bad-
never been treated by the defendants as a public
highway, which, they were liable to keep :in
repair.

There was nothing of general interest in the
case, and the Jury, nnder the Learned Judges di
rections, found the defendants.—Nnt Guilty.
Several undefended causes were disposed of,
and at five o'clock the
.court adjourned till to-
rnotrow morning at nine o'clock.. .
Tie number of causes entered for trial was 28
and in the crown 'Court the number of prisoners.
in the caletadar did not. exceed .70.