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-; JANUARY 27, 1845.

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' i_N ANCE SOCIETY,
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Capital £500,000.
.essapowered by !let of Parliaraellt.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
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enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation to declare a
second Bonus, avera:inr, 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each
Policy etrected on the Profit scale.

. .
bowsprit of a collier, which had drifted slightly. On
the arrival of the Great Britain at Woolwich she
slowed her engine. This was at half-past three. She
anchored at Black wall at four o'clock, and was hailed
by thousands of spectators, who had assembled on the
banks of the river to welcome her approach. The
passengers (at least all of those who, from not being
appointed to survey her officially, and being uncon-
nected with the Company could join in signing such
a document) gave the testimonial which is subjoined
to her gallant commander.
The engines of the Great Britain during the heavy
gale were found to work uniformly, which is not the
case with those of paddle-fitted vessels, in consequence
of the paddle-ye heels being frequently plunged even to
their axes, at which time the engines were as it were
paralysed, and the next moment, in consequence of
the water leaving the wheels, and the resistance being
lessened, the engines fly off at a speed much beyond
their usual rate of working, which not only requires
the greatest attention of the engineers, but frequently,
in spite of every precaution, causes considerable de-
rangement of the machinery. The uniformity with
which the engines of vessels with screw propellers
work, is of more importance than may perhaps at first
strike those not practically acquainted with the sub-
ject, for when the engine of a paddle-wheel vessel is
reduced in its speed, the power, as a matter of
course, is less in proportion, and the deficiency
generally occurs in gales of wir.d, when its maximum
is most required, it being well known that a power,
however great, applied at intervals, is less efficacious
than when steadily and constantly applied; and this
in some measure accounts for the Great Britain
making so good a passage under such disadvantageous
circumstances. It having been stated that the screw,
from its peculiar position so far aft, would, by the
pitching of the ship be subjected to a similar disad-
tvhage
entawatteor,the paddle-wheels,
weparti particularly
inn b
noticed,
tieeiendg, lifted out of
during t
the
gale, how far this statement was borne out in prac-
tice, and we found at no time, even when the fore-
foot of the ship was distinctly seen, that the pro-
peller was out of the water except about three or
four feet of its upper part, which was only so mo-
mentarily. This is fully confirmed by the engine
never varying more than from a half to a whole stroke
per minute.

fired a gun, and was loudly cheered by both officers and
men, who crowded the decks of the Apollo. She conti-
nued her course, making an average speed of 12 statute
miles throughout the day; and having rounded the South
Foreland, came to an anchor in the Downs, at 40 mi-
nutes past 1 A.m. Sunday morning, having performed,
in 28 hours and 55 minutes, 320 nautical, or about 350
statute miles.
Sunday, at fifty-five minutes past seven the ship got
under way, and her progress through the Downs was
watched by the crews of at least 100 vessels. The wind
having shifted during the night to W.N.W., it was upon
her beam until she entered the Queen's Channel. At
twenty-five minutes past eight A.M., she was off Rams-
gate, and at fifty-five minutes past eight rounded the
North Foreland. At this time the wind was blowing a
heavy gale right a-head ; she notwithstanding made
9 I log, with sixteen revolutions, and passed the Nore at
thirty minutes past eleven A.M., .where she was met by a
large American ship, the Prince Albert, proceeding with
emigrants to New York, who loudly cheered her as she
passed them. At thirty minutes past twelve she came
up with the Waterwitch, Hull steamer, a very fast
steamer, and past her in gallant style, having gained
about five miles on her in an hour and a half. The
Great Britain then proceeded up the river in the teeth
of the severe gale, and threaded her way through
the numerous craft that lay in the different reaches
with the utmost facility. In Gravesend Reach she
came into collision with a collier brig, which was at the
time, as I was informed, dragging her anchor, and
carried away her bowsprit, which, however, was only the
least of a choice of evils, as she must have otherwise
run down a sloop that was coming down the river, or
plumped herself on shore. As she progressed up the
river she was met by the Meteor and other river steam-'
ers, and was cheered by the passengers on board of
them, and the crews of all the vessels in the river, as
well as by the many thousand spectators who lined the
banks of the river at various places up to Woolwich and
Blackwall. She reached Woolwich at half-past three
P.M., and immediately slackened her speed, after which
she proceeded at a moderate rate to her moorings at
Blackwall. During the entire voyage the engines were
54,473 revolutions, with 163,419 revolutions of the Ar-
chimedean screw propeller ; and the greatest rate of
speed at which she went at any one time was 13 2-3
knots from Beachy Head to Dungeness. One hour and
eight minutes after the Great Britain had reached her
moorings at Blackwell the Waterwich arrived, showing
that the Great Britain had beaten her in speed by that
time in a distance of 33 miles.
During the heavy gale the engines were found to work
uniformly, which' would not have been the case with a
paddle-fitted vessel, in consequence of the wheels being
frequently plunged in the water up to their axes, at
which time the engines are, as i. were, paralyzed, and
the next moment, in consequence of the water leaving
the wheels, the engines fly off at a speed much beyond
their usual rate of working, which not only requires very
great attention in the engineers, but frequently, in spite
of every precaution, causes considerable derangement of
the machinery. The uniformity with which the engines
of screw propellers work is of more importance than it
may seem to those who are not practically acquainted
with the subject, for when the engine of a paddle-
vessel is reduced in its speed, the power, as a matter
of course, is less in proportion, and this deficiency
generally occurs in gales of wind whea the greatest
power is most required, it being well-known that a
power, however great, applied at intervals, is less effica-
cious than when steadily and constantly applied, and this
in some measure accounts for the Great Britain making
so good a passage under such disadvantageous circum-
stances. An objection has been made to the screw pro-
peller, that from its peculiar position so far aft, it would,
by the pitching of the ship, be subjected to a similar dis-
advantage to the paddle-wheel in being lifted out of the
water. Itherefore watched anxiously during the gale
to see whether this would be so, and how far the state-
ment was borne out in practice ; and I found that at no
time (even although you could see the fore foot of the
vessel as she pitched) was the propeller out of the water,
except about three or four feet of its upper part, which
was only momentarily seen. This is fully confirmed by
the engines never varying more than from a half to a
whole stroke per minute. It has been fortunate that the
Great Britain should have on her first trip of any length
experienced such boisterous weather, as it has com-
pletely tested the powers of the screw when applied to
vessels of such magnitude ; and Captain Ilosken, whose
experience of transatlantic navigation is very great, is of
opinion that neither the Great Western, nor any of the
Royal Mail boats, would have made so much head-way
under the same circumstances by at least a knot, or a
knot and half, per hour.

Minister, was safely delivered of a son on Saturday,
at his Excellency's residence in Portland-•place. Nu-
merous inquiries were made yesterday, and the answer
given was, " Madame Van de Weyer is going on fa-
vourably, ani the infant is quite well."
The Hon. Francis and Lady Anne Charteris have
arrived at Farrance's Hotel, Belgrave-street, from
Scotland.

EXAMPLES,

Premium. Bonus B,nus in
4 added. Cash.
£ s. d. s. d. £ 3. d.
1837 170 9 3 j 77 5 1
74 3 4 1838 144 2 2 64 5 6
1839 116 16 0 151 b 11

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Y',,t,

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FRANCE.

CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.—SITTING OF JAN. 24.
The President took the chair at half-past one o'clock.
The Order of the Day was the adjourned discussion on
the Address.
The President observed, that as the amendment
brought forward by M. de Came on paragraph 1 had
been disposed of the preceding day, the Chamber had
now to proceed to decide that of M. G. de Beaumont, by
which that gentleman proposed to replace paragraphs 1
and 2of the Address. In order to show more clearly to
the Chamber what the Hon. Deputy intended by his
amendment, he should read both it and the paragraphs.
The latter ran thus :
" Sire,—When our session terminated a few months
back, complications which might have become serious
had excited your solicitude. On resuming our labours
at present, in the midst of a profound calm, we are well
pleased in congratulating ourselves with you on the bril-
liant success of our arms, and on the prompt re-establish-
ment of peace.
"To defend our pisissessions in Africa against re-
peated aggressions, war with the Emperor of Morocco
had become just and necessary. At your voice, Sire, our
armies by sea and land rivalled each other in gallantry
and ardour ; and, led on by chiefs familiar with victory,
they once mere showed what France could do."
In place of them, M. de Beaumont proposed the fol-
lowing :
" Sire,—When our session terminated, a few months
back, complications which might have become serious
had excited your solicitude. On resuming our labours
at present, in the midst of a profound calm, we should be
well pleased to be able to congratulate ourselves un-
reservedly on the prompt re-establishment of peace, as
we applaud, in common with the whole of France, the
brilliant success of our arms.
" To defend our possessions in Africa against repeated
aggressions, war with the Emperor of Morocco had be-
come just and necessary. At your voice, Sire, our
armies by sea and land rivalled each other in gallantry
and ardeur. Guided by chiefs familiar with victory,
proud of seeing at their head, or in their ranks, three of
your sons—worthy of their older brother—they once
more showed what France could do."
i. G. De Beaumont—The general question had been
decided yesterday, and on it no further combat could
arise ; but each person ought to have the right of
making his opinion known on particular facts. In
the front rank of these stood the affair of Morocco, in
which it was impossible to deny that, if the struggle was
glorious, the issue was deplorable.—(Dissent from the
Centres.) He must declare that it was not well done
in the Ministry, in an interest purely Ministerial, to
change the position of a young prince of heroic courage,
and covered with glory, and from an admiral to trans-
form him into a diplomatist, in order to protect the
treaty which they had alone concluded.—(A loud burst
of disapprobation.) He should not discuss the acts of
that young commander, nor of Marshal Bugeaud, for
glory ought not to be brought forward as a subject of
discussion ; but he should make some remarks on tho
treaty which the Ministry had given as the termination
of the deeds of these gallant officers. The Hon. Deputy
then proceeded to criticise the treaty, but advanced little
that has not been already alluded to during the discus-
sion. He blamed the fourth clause, so often adverted
to, in which it is declared that Abd-el-Kader is to be
treated with geteirosity. Referring to the indemnity,
he observed that to demand an indemnity from a bar-
barian Power was by no means a novel act, as, in 1830,
Admiral Rosamel had forced the Regency of Tripoli to
pay an indemnity of 800,000 francs, which, small as it
was, constituted the best means of making the Mussul-
men feel the ascendancy of the victors. Why had not
the Ministry seized on the occasion of the victories
gained by France, to insist on a settlement of the dispute
existing with sl orocco relative to the frontier limits ? It
would, perhaps, be necessary, in order to have that ques-
tion settled, to enter on a new war.
Marshal Bugeaud (from his place)—lt was not to have
the frontiers fixed that Morocco had demanded, but to
have a part of the territory of Algeria ceded. The
Moors wanted the French to withdraw behind the Tafra.
Ile had replied that France would guard the limits
claimed by the Turks, and the Moors retorted by firing
their muskets, to which our manner of reply was known
to every one.—(Hear.) Since then they had accepted
that limit, and no longer contested the matter.
M. G. De Beaumont—That territory was too vaguely
marked out for a barbarian nation, aad would always be
a cause of disputes.
Marshal Bugeaud—The territory'was perfectly well
defined when it was designated as that of the five tribes.
Each tribe in that country had its own ground in
common, its boundaries were perfectly fixed, and were
defended by arms when violated by another tribe.
M. G. De Beaumont must insist on his observation
of the uncertainty of that mode of fixing a frontier.
The Gallant Marshal had himself allowed as much
in the letter which he wrote to the Moorish leader
on the 17th of June last. The Honourable Deputy
then proceeded to remark on the fault committed in
not insisting on the seizure of Abd-el-Kader, which the
gallant Marshal, he understood, had looked on as no
difficult matter. Ought not also his suite, consisting of
a considerable number of men, to have been ejected from
Morocco by force, if fair means did not suffice ? He
concluded by stating, that it was generally believed that
this treaty, which was looked on with so much disap-
probation in France, had been drawn up in its present
state in consequence of a letter that had arrived from
London.—(Loud cries of " No, no.") In other words,
the affair of Morocco had been concluded by the treaty
in consequence of the dispute about Otaheite.—(No, no.)
Marshal Bugeaud—ln my quality of agent of the Go-
vernment, and having had no participation in the diplo-
matic negotiations, I might with perfect propriety have
refrained from replying to the explanations demanded
by the Hon. Deputy who has just spoken ; but not
wishing that a wrong interpretation should be put on my
silence, I decide on addressing the Chamber, and shall
do so with that frankness and sincerity which it has
sometimes found excessive. I admit that when the
treaty was signed I was not completely satisfied with it ;
will it be astonishing that the general of an army to
whom.the conquest had cost so many sacrifices, so much
blood and so much labour, should have looked at the
matter in a point of view different from the Government?
The general has but one point of view—the interest of
Algeria. The Government has to provide for the general
interest, and this will account for the difference of the
appreciation of the treaty at the first consideration, and,
I confess, it did not completely satisfy me ; but reflec-
tion, and what is now going on in Morocco, has made
me change my opinion. I learn that there are at this
moment insurrrectionary movements in different parts of
that country, and that convinces me that it would not
have been easy for the Emperor to have seized on the
person of Abd-el-Kader ; and the Chamber will remark
that this is the sole point to which I attach any import-
ance, for I never had an idea that it would have been
advisable to have stipulated for an indemnity. My sole
desire was to be rid of that eternal enemy—of that man
of genius who will never allow us any repose so long as
he can find a soldier to march under his standard. To
accomplish this object, it would have required more troops
than I had at my command ; this is what I thought ; I
also considered that it would have been necessary for
the fleet to have remained six weeks, or perhaps two
months, on the coast, and that would not have been unat-
tended with danger, from the bad weather, for, as it
was, we lost a very large vessel. Besides, to assemble
on the frontiers of Morocco an army sufficient to enter
on such a campaign, I was obliged to draw one battalion
from one point, and another from another, in order not
to weaken the important points of Algeria. I assembled
all these battalions very rapidly, and brought them to
the frontier, and thus it was that we were in a condition
to march. But allow me to tall you that this army of
Africa, which appears to you too strong when talked of
in connection with your budget—(Laughter)—is too
weak for the task which is imposed on it. The Hon M.
Thiers said the other day that the coast of Africa extended
to 200 leagues; that may be possible in a direct line, but in
reality the cnast has an extent of 250 leagues. Our army is
too weak to cover such a great extent. If it be made suffi-
cient for the task it is by multiplying its duties—it is by
multiplying, if I may so express myself,theto extend
courageous
feelings of our soldiers, and if I had wished
our occupation, to push the thing further, it would
have ben impossible for me to have doneulil have been s o for want of
d
a sufficient number of troops—it
ne-
cessary for the Minister ofthleVawr to have sent me
The 100,000 men.—(Sensation.) army in Africa does
not fulfil one part alone—it performs several.
when
the
fatigues of war succeed the labours of peace ; our
soldierstee clays only
return from a campaign they have ouly three days
to repose themselves, to repair their
tattered clothing and effects; three days after their return
they are compelled to undertake fresh labours ; they
construct bridges and form roads. This is the manner
in which our soldiers employ their time in Africa.--
(Hear.) It has been alleged that we were taken by sur-
prise in that war ; even had it been so, it would not
have been astonishing ; but, nevertheless, the troops had
been placed en echelon, to be prepared for the first event,
and we were able to make head against all that took
place. The Hon. M. Thiers said in a former sitting
that we could not have advanced as far as Fez. That is
true ; and why ? It was then the 14th of August, and
the heat was overpowering ; the thermometer stood at
41 degrees in the shade, and at 60 in the sun.—(Great
sensation.) This is what rendered it impossible to push
on as far as Fez ; it was a heat under which the men
could not support a long march. I make this remark to
enlighten the sensibility of certain persons who are much
more careful of the .general interests of humanity than
of the blood and sweat of our soldiers. In Europe, there
are many more means of making war than there are in
Africa; the great centres of the population may be taken

X s. d.
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iOoool
I

X 3. d 8
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247 4 5

The division of profit, is annual, and the next will be made in De-
cember of 'he present year.
This insthution offers many important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, See.

AGENCIES.-COUNTRY SHOPKEEPERS,
and others are informed that the I ONDON GENUINE TEA
COMPANY are now filling up their Lists of AGENCIES for the
Present Year, and persons seeking for a respectable addition to their
business, 1)y which many have derived, during the last 27 years, con-
siderable incomes, may apply to the Company, at their Warehouses,
2, LAURENCE POUNTNEY-lIILL, LONDON.

TEA TRAYS, Tea Urns, Knives and Forks,
Dish Covers, &c., at C. WATSON'S, 41 and 42, BARBICAN,
and 16, NORTON-FOLGATE. Established half a century. —A set
of 3 Paper Tea-trays, including the largest size made, 355. ; very
richly ornamented all over, 5,15. a Set of Three, and up to 14/. ; Ja-
pan Tea-trays, 7s. 6d. a Set, and upwards ; a Five Quart London
made Bronze Tea-urn 355., with tho newest patterns up to five gul-
❑eas ; a Set of Six patent raised London made Dish Corers, 18a. 6d. ;
best imperial raised, 355. Gd. Set of six. Elegant silver shape, 525. Gd.
Set of Six.

Ivory Table-knives, I Is. per dozen, Dessert, es.; Carvers, 3s. 6d.
per pair.

TABLE. DESSERT. CARTERS,
doz. doz. pair.
7-in. handsome balance handle .... 181. Od. 14s. Od. 6s. 6d.
.in. balance handle, largest and best
made.. .... ••••• • • • • • • 206. Od. 16s. Od. 7s. Gd.
itto with 'Watson's ..Albata Plate
handles, equal to silver • •
... ... • ... 225. 6d. 18s. Od. Bs. 6d.

Forks half the above price.
C. Watsen's handsomely Illustrated Catalogue and Price Current
s just published, and families who regard economy and elegance
ihould possess themselves •f this useful book, which may be had
zratis, and post free, iYom the above address.
Sole inventor of the celebrated Albata Plate, which is so rapidly
superseding Silver.
TIIE LAMP WONDER, C. WATSON'S PARAGON CAMPIIINE

Captain Hosken, R.N., by whom she is com-
manded, and who has gained much nautical renown
as the commander of the Great Western on her va-
rious transatlantic voyages, repeatedly expressed his
conviction that neither the Great Western, nor any
of the mail steamers, would have made such head-
way against a similar gale ; and it must be conceded
that his opinion is one which is entitled to very great
respect.
During the voy-ge to Woolwich the engine made
54,521 revolutions, and the screw 163,563. The
subsequent revolutions to Blackwell were not ascer-
tained when our report left.
On board the Great Britain steam-ship,
English Channel, Jan. 25, 1845.
We, the undersigned passengers on board of the
Great Britain steam-ship, on her experimental voyage
from Bristol to London, having witnessed her per-
formance during a stiff gale and a heavy sea, and
amidst generally unfavourable weather, feel called
upon to express our conviction of her great length
being no detriment to her seaworthiness and her
excellent sailing qualities, and of the great advantage
of the application of Mr. Smith's screw ; as also our
sense of the skill, attention, and urbanity of her com-
mander, Lieut. Hosken, R.N., and the good conduct
of her fficers and crew.

LAMP.
The great fault which has proved fatal to the success of the Vesta
Lamp, viz., the einssion of black smuts and smoke. is entirely ob-
viated in the Paragon—the brilliancy and purity of its light surpasses
any other yet seen, and burns for one half-penny per hour.
C. Watson's Warehouses, 41 and 42, Barbican, and 16, Norton Fol-
gate, are replete with every variety. the Spirit, analysed by Dr.
tire, is sold by C. Watson, at 4s. per gallon.
Contracts given for Chapels and Public Buildings.

We further beg to express our high sense of the
spirited conduct of the Company by whom so great
a monument of commercial enterprise was designed
and carried out, and to congratulate them and the
engineers and artisans employed in her construction
upon the success which has attended their labours, as
evidenced by the result of a voyage so well calculated
to test her powers as the present has been :
Stephen Lushington, Captain, R.N.
A. Fairbrother, M.D.
William Henry Gore Langton
Joseph Reynolds, R.Y.S.
John Reynolds
Isaac White
J. H. Brown, Commander Merchant Service.

JEodhwnarsduntmyes Maude, C.E.
William Carpenter Evans
William Roughsedge
Charles West
Henry James Mills
Tom D. Taylor
George F. Powell
J. Walter
Edmund Jabez Maybury
James Lovell
John Gower Powell
Christopher Hill
Alfred Honeywill
George Pyecroft, M.R.C.S.
William Herneman
J. Hammond, C.E.
William Cook
C. Pritchard Baily, C.E.

THEATRES.
DRURY-LANE.
There will be a grand supper here this evening
after the performance, to celebrate the 50th repre-
sentation of the Daughter of St. Mark, which con-
tinues to attract crowded audiences. The celebrated
ballet of Les Danaides is in rehearsal, and Madlle.
Maria has arrived from Paris to assist in it.

COVENT-GARDEN.
Mr. Laurent has announced a further series of
twenty-four nights, which commences upon Tuesday
week, when Shakspere's first part of Henry the Fourth
will be revived. Henry Betty's engagement is ex-
ended to five nights more, and he personates, for the
first time in London, the chivalrous Hotspur, which
will he followed by his appearance in Othello and
William Tell. The celebrated American comic actor,
Mr. Hackett, is engaged, and opens in Falstaff.
The new play of Honesty, to be produced to-night
at Covent-garden, is written by Mr. Spicer, and will
be introduced' to the audience with all the aids of
scenic and costume correctness in each department.
The concluding scene of the play, " Smithfield in the
Olden Time," has occupied the attention of the artists
in the scene-room some time, and embraces the entire
stage, and will present the exact appearance of that
portion of London at the period of the play (Eliza-
beth's), with the preparations for execution by the
stake, and the " wage" of battle. Douglas Trafford,
Francis Gage, and Julia, will be supported by Mr.
Vandenhoff, Mr. J. Vining, and Miss Vandenhoff.
The piece has been got up under the direction of Mr.
E. Stirling.

ANOTHER ACCOUNT.
LONDON, SUNDAY EVENlNG.—Thursday last being
appointed for the sailing of the Great Britain from
Bristol on her voyage to London, she got under way at
seven o'clock; but upon the anchor beine. weighed, it
was found that it had fouled with the wreck of the Nora
Creina schooner, run down about six weeks since in
Kingroad, a portion of the spars and rigging of which it
brought up. Some delay in -consequence ensued, and
she went down at a reduced speed, and was abreast the
Flat Holm at forty minutes past nine P.M., when the
ship was put at an increased speed, the engines making
fourteen revolutions per minute, the steam pressure
being 4ilb. to the square inch. At five minutes past ten
she slackened speed to adjust the bearings, and the
vessel was kept at a reduced speed, until about midnight,
by which time she was off the Naas Lights. When she
oe goti s.
unders.w .7 waybiacthatthreeKingroad,lo
o,cit was
A.M.,
asblowing fresh from
on Friday, had
veered to the N.W., and increased to a gale with a
heavy cross sea, with squalls of rain during the
night. It is scarcely possible for a vessel to have had
a more favourable opportunity of testing her powers
and capabilities than the Great Britain had during
the continuance of this gale, while on her passage from
the Holms to the Land's End, during the whole of which
period the gale blew so strangly, and with such a heavy
sea, tha tnot a single vessel, steam or sailing, was to be
seen in the channel, all having run for shelter. At ten,
A.M., the Great Britain was off Lundy Island, the gale
continuing with the addition of the spring ebb, the wind
being N.N.W., the ship steering W. by N., and making
knots against the sea, with 13 revolutions of her en-
gines. From her being very light, she rolled tremen-
dously, but still very easily ; and when about 15 miles
below the island, at twenty minutes past twelve, she was
struck by a tremendous sea upon the starboard bow, and
at the same time being met on the larboard bow by an-
other sea, the shock was dreadful, and for a moment
brought her to a stand-still. She instantly, however,
" lifted " from the sea, and on examination it was found
that three of her starboard bow's bull's-eyes had been
stove in, with their frames ; the diagonal bands of the
forecastle deck buckled, the wood-work started two
inches upwards, a portion of her carved figure-head
and the carpenter's work of the bulkhead carried away,
and the iron sheathing of both starboard and larboard
bows above decks ripped in two places. Notwithstand-
ing this shock, she, however, still held on her way, and
at twenty minutes past one P.M. Pentire point bore S. f
E., distant about four leagues. At forty-five minutes
past one P.M. she still breasted the gale, and made eight
knots and a half, with the engines making 13i revolu-
tions, and having three spencers and stay-sails set. At
half-past five P.M. the weather began to moderate, when
she had four spencers, jib, and square mainsail set, the
engine making 15 revolutions, and the log giving nine
knots and three quarters, the wind being N.N.W., and
the ship steering W., and by S. 4S. At ten minutes past
six P.M. the Longships Light hove in view, and at forty-
five minutes past eight P.M. it was passed, and she
rounded the Land's-end. In the opinion of highly
scientific and able nautical persons on board no other
steamer could have done more than just make head
against the gale with such a sea as was running in the
Channel. The Great Western once was in a similar
gale, and was off Lundy about the same hour of the
day; she did not, however, lose sight of the island
for the entire day, while the Great Britain, at her very
worst, was doing four knots and three-quarters, and, as I
hare stated, succeeded in getting round the Land's-end,
and, of course, into smooth water, at 45 minutes past 8
the same evening. At 40 minutes past 10 P.M. she was
off the Lizard Lights, her sails (having become useless)
being furled ; the engines were then making 15i revo-
lutions, the vessels going through the water 10} knots;
and at 45 minutes past 2 A.M. of Saturday she passed the
Eddystone, bearing N.N.E. E. At a quarter-past 5
A.M. she was off the Start Point, making 10 knots with
15 revolutions of the engines. She continued her voyage
up the Channel at from 10 to 10i knots ; and at 45 mi-
nutes past 9 A.M., when off Portland, there being a light
breeze from the westward, she set all her fore and aft
sails, with her mainsails, and at 45 minutes past 12 P.m.,
entered the Needles Channel, and passed Lymin4ton at
20 minutes past 1, making 11i knots with 16 revolu-
tions. When off Cowes, at a quarter-past 2 P.m., she
stopped for three minutes to land dispatches. She con-
tinued on her way gallantly, and at 10 minutes past 3
V.M. she passed her Majesty's ship Apollo at spithead,

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possession of, and then it is not difEculf to make them
capitulate. But in Africa there are no such points, war
must he carried on on all points of the country ; And it
is for this reason that, with an army of 80,000 men, we
never had more than 20,000 in line on any given point ;
and with the 80,000, diminished besides by sick and
non-effectives, it requires some management to assemble
20,000 on any given point. It must be also remarked;
that our army in Africa has constructed 500 leagues of
road, 13 bridges, and a number of civil and military
works. There would, therefore, be rather a necessity
for increasing than diminishing it. Distant expeditions
have been blamed ; it was said of them that their only
object was to give occasion for bulletins, but I can set
your mind at rest on that point, for be assured, gentle-
men, that the French army under my command shall
never make war unless to obtain some advantage for the
country.—(llear, hear.) We have acted like the English,
who are so much admired ; we extended our expeditions
to favour the introduction of French goods into the in-
terior of Africa, and the constantly increasing amount
of our commerce proves that our efforts have not been
in vain. To succeed, we have not indeed shed so much
blood as the armies of the Empire, but we iisve under-
gone more actual labour.—(llear, hear.) As to Abd-el-
Kader, I would not say he will not return, for I Oink
myself that he will do so—(A laugh)—but he will not
return in a condition to be dangerous ; we now govern
the whole country ; there only remains out of our
power but a small extent—called the country of the
Kabyles—about 60 leagues in length and 30 in breadth ;
saan)d wt
ihsi ci
pi s inhabited
o ssi
b ioto b
rbiyn
g them excellent d
to
o ssoolbjieeortsi.o dofor not
no-
thing is tow impossible to the army of Africa--(Appro-
bation.) The conquest, however, will be difficult, for
the whole country must be reduced, or none ; and to
effect this would, perhaps, require a small increase to
our army.—(Murmurs on the Left.) The contributions
levied on the Arabs already amount to five millions; I
hope that this amount will be increased by the new
submissions, but we require forces to maintain them.
The progress of European civilization is rapid : in 1841
there were 31,000 souls, and the number is now 75,000.
This happy increase is owing to the centres of colonisa-
tion having been carried more into the country ; for the
colonists, when left to themselves, are accustomed
to provide for their own wants and for their own
defence ; whilst those who are nearer the great
centres accustom themselves too much to be pro-
tected : the first are like children ,well brought up,
who provide for themselves ; and the others like
those who constantly claim assistance from their rela,
tives.—(Laughter.) Much attention is paid to giving
our colonists civil rights, but I venture to say that it is
not those they stood most in need of ; what is most
wanted is a strong military organisatios, capable of re-
sisting 4,000,000 of Arabs, who reckon amongst them
600,000 warriors, all good horsemen, and well skilled in
the use of arms. This is the reason why I wish for the
establishment of military colonies by the side of the civil
ones; where the men certainly should not be subjected
to the discipline of barracks, but where they should
preserve their accustomed obedience to their chiefs as in
a regiment, and might at the first signal take up arms
to quell an insurrection, and to reinforce one of our
columns. What can you claim from civil colonists?
There are no corporations, there are only individuals;
these military colonists, on the contrary, form corpora-
tions, and might undertake great works. During
the months of July, August, and September,
nothing can be done in consequence of the
dryness of the hied; the civil settlers are obliged
to remain with their arms folded ; with military
colonists the case would be different; their chiefs might
say to them—" Come, my lads, we can irrigate 200 hec-
tares of land to the work; no sooner said than it is done.
Thus with military colonists not a moment is lost,
whilst, on the contrary, with civil settlers, there is both
inactivity and weakness. Military colonization, there-
fore, is what I recommend ; but for that, you must
augment the army—not less than 100,000 men must be
in Africa. You are well aware that this has long been my
opinion ; in 1838, I said the very same thing in this
tribune. I repeat it now-100,000 men are required,
and I never had mere than 80,000. If, too, you consent
to have 100,000 men in Africa, you will get on far more
rapidly than you have hitherto done, and you will suc-
ceed in founding important and productive establish-
ments—military colonization cost dear, but it gives is
return. It may be feared that if 100,000 mei: are sent to
Africa France will be left too bare, but there is a
simple means of remedying that inconvenience. The
contingents amount to 80,000 men, and only half
of them are called into service, the other re-
maining as the reserve. Well, then, let a certain
number of the soldiers of the latter class be sent to Algeria
as military colonists ; by following this plan, I repeat
it, you will promptly succeed in obtaining satisfactory
results, and it is my firm opinion that no other method
will be of use. By following, too, this course, you will
render a matter which at first appeared most difficult,
safe, and excellent, and you will consolidate the future
prospects of Algeria.—(Loud cheers.)
The sitting remained suspended for a quarter of an
hour.

M. Saint-Marc Girardin did not ascend the tribune to
reply to the illustrious officer who had just addressed the
Chamber—for Marshal Bugeaud could only find there
warm admirers—but to express the opinion of the mi-
nority of the Committee on the amendment. He wished
ueither to increase nor dimish the differences which
separated him from his old friends. That sentiment ho
had already maintained frankly in that tribune, and
would do so still. He was the more disposed to
speak so, because he looked on the Ministerial question
as already settled.—(Cries of " No, no I" from the Left).
Yes, said the lion. Deputy, that question was disposed of.
—(Fresh denial from the same quarter.) Well, then, it was
in all probability disposed of—(Ah ! that's di fferen o—and
when he stood there to express his sentiments, he hoped
that he should not be exposed to be treated either as an
intriguer or a candidate for place.—(Laughter, and a cry
of "Nonsense, go on.") The utmost that he could be
accused of was that he was a member of a coalition, and
that would be art error from which he trusted he should
find persons amongst the Ministry itself' to exculpate
him.—(Laughter.) But to refer to the amendment.
What he blamed particularly was, that Marshal Bu-
geaud had not been employed in the negotiations rela-
tive to the treaty. By whom, in fact, could France have
been better represented than by the Governor-General
of Africa—the victor of Isly ? Who could better have
judged of the situation ? and it was evident, from the
only dispatch of the illustrious Marshal that had been
laid before the Chamber, that he expected himself to be
so employed. Compare the situation of the victorious
General, stipulating beneath the shadow of his flag, to
that of our Consul-General at Tangiers; no one was
more ready than himself to render justice to the intelli-
gence, the zeal, and the patriotism of that functionary at
Tangiers ; but he had no precise and positive informa-
tion, and the dispatches of Marshal Bugeaud only reached
him from Paris. In such a barbarous country there was
no means of communication; what passed at Ouchda was
not known at Tangiers. Thus, while their Consul-Ge-
neral was still hoping for peace, war had broken out—
war not attended with danger, for the Gallant Marshal
was there—but with all its fresh complications. By this
parallel he wished to compare the situation of the nego-
tiator chosen with him, whom he could have wished to have
seen in that position; the former was ignorant of facts until`
long after they had occurred; the latter was ignorant of
nothing that was passing, and knew the secret of Arab
cunning. Was it not to be readily believed that when the
same hand wielded the sword and guided the pen, than
when it was the conqueror who presented himself to
treat, surrounded by all the halo of victory, that the inte-
rests of the country would be better defended than when
the task was confided to a negotiator, ill-informed and
devoid of all personal consideration ? It has been said
that there was also at Tangiers a negotiator armed by-
victory. God forbid—(lnterruption.) lie (M. de Sc
Marc Girardin) considered he rendered a great and so-
lemn homage to the Prince de Joinville in speaking of
him.--(Fresh and loud interruption.) What ! was it to
be supposed he should have heard the reporter on the
Address—and be should not reproach with it—speak
of the Prince de Joinville and of the cannon of Tangiers,
without speaking of the cannon of Isly ?—(Loud excla-
mations, and cries of " Order.")
Rear-Admiral Hernoux—Who does the Hon. Deputy
reproach with having overlooked the services of one of
the two commanders ?—(Fresh exclamations from the
Left, and cries of "Do not interrupt" from the extre-
mities, during which the President called the Chamber
to order.)

M. Saint-Marc Girardin—Ministerial responsibility
covered all, and consequently permitted the discussion
not assuredly of names and titles, but it permitted the
use in a speech of the name of a Prince who had been
a negotiator, the name of a Prince for whom le hoped
no one doubted his pr, Mound respect. He was therefore
persuaded that he had made use of no expression which
might reach to him—a Prince he honoured and ad-
mired—to that illustrious negotiator.—(A Voice—" He
was no negotiator.") True, he was no negotiator ;
but it was under the cannon of his ships that the nego-
tiations were concluded. However that might be, it was
in consequence of entrusting the negotiation to improper
persons that the idea occurred of stipulating that Abd-
el-Ender should be treated with generosity and consi-
deration; it was to the false appreciation of the power
of Abderrhaman, who was rather treated as a powerful
chief than as one vanquished and lowered to such a point
that ho was prevented from even discussing the clauses
of a treaty.—(llear, hear.) He therefore complained of
the negotiations and of the choice of the agents em-
ployed; he complained of the absence of guarantees, and
in saying.this, he only repeated the idea of the Minister'
of the Interior, who admitted that all theiru guarantee
fresh was
iaiil b
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Cabinet. It had never been accustomed to do so. When
a formal vote of blame was proposed, it merely contented
itself with not blaming, but took care not to vote what
might be taken for undoubted approbation. That was
the course proposed by the amendment, and the Cham-
ber, by acting so, would preserve all its independence.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs (from his place)
said that he did not rise to again take part in the dis-
cussion, because he could not add anything to the reasons
which the Chamber had already heard ; he came for-
ward merely to declare that the Government, having ex-
pressed, in the Speech from the Throne, its opinion on the
affairs of Morocco—or the manner in which the war was
carried on, and the peace effected, and having said that
France had proved her power by the former, and her
moderation by the latter—finding moreover that this
opinion was repeated in the Address, the Government,
he said, rejected the amendment of M. de Beaumont, as
being of a nature to completely change the meaning of
the Address, which could not then respond to the Royal
Speech. The Government, therefore, rejected the
amendment now proposed, as it had done that of M. de
Came the preceding day.—(Hear.)
M. de Beaumont having briefly replied amidst loud
cries of " Divide, divide" from all parts of the Chamber,
the President submitted the first part of the-amendment
to a show of hands. The first trial was declared to be
doubtful - and on the second the part of the amendment
submitted for discussion was rejected?