The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-17 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY MOANING, OCTOBER 17, 1844.

part of the speech in which he expresses his wish for
peace and the satisfaction he felt on receiving the
address, exclaims "a la bonne heure. Well this is
plain enough, and here we find M. GuizoT
bodily. Peace everywhere and always figures as
the burden of the harangue." The writer goes on
at some length in the same style, evidently blinded
with rage; for while reading The Sun he imagined he
was reading the Times. "It is not surprising then,"
he adds, "that Louis PHILIPPIC should have been
honoured whether at Windsor or Twickenham with
the following bucolic strains (distractions bucoliques)
with which the visit to Twickenham had inspired the
Times. The writer then quotes the " bucolic strains'
which appeared in this journal, and was transferred to
the columns of our morning Contemporary. The
Commerce, which has abstained more from offensive
remarks than some of the other Opposition journals,
breaks out at last in these words :
" The King has been invested with the Order of th°?,
Garter. Since Henry the Fourth no French Sovereign
has taken part in a similar ceremony. Under any other
circumstance we might have considered this as a symbol
of alliance, and have rejoiced at it. But in these
days of constitutional doctrines and institutions
it is without any political signification. Queen
Victoria and King Louis Philippe may exchange all
their decorations without imposing any obligation on
their respective Governments. We can see in all this
nothing more than an exchange of courtesy—a
code of manners for the especial use of Princes. The
people have nothing to expect from it. How can we
otherwise account for the contrast between the gracious
politeness of the Court of Windsor, and the increasingly
outrageous language of the English journals of all par-
ties ? It is evident that the chiefs of the two countries
exchange courtesies and tender their hands
to each other above the heads of their people.
In this they play their parts of Princes reigning
by virtue of the constitutional principle. It is a royal
nothing more. -There is something, how-
comedy,
ever, which is deserving of the mostattentive consideration.
and the most severe scrutiny. It is the conduct of those
Ministers who have led the people of the two countries
in o that state of permanent irritation and distrust which
finds expression in the ever violent language of the
London press, and in the animated replies of that of
France. We have before said what we cannot too often
repeat, that the miserable policy of the English and
French Ministers has for many years revived slumbering
rancour, and provoked disunion between England and
France. Our national feeling, wounded by the demands
of the English Ministry, by the despotism of their claims,
by the crying injustice of their encroachments, has again
turned against the English alliance. Sir Roberti Peel
has completed the work by demanding, with violence, in
full Parliament reparation from France for an
act provoked by the intrigues of his own agents.
Our Ministry has aggravatel the ferment of
discord by consenting to grant these reparations
when any other in his place would have
an equivalent from the arrogant power which required
them. Certainly we fain take literally, and as addressed
to all France, the exaggerated and courtier-like praises
which the English papers lavish on the King who re-
presents this country. But we are forced to divide their
language into two parts, that of flattery which is ad-
dressed above, and that of insult which is aimed below."
The Journal des Debate, in the absence of political
events of importance, gives the following historical
account of the present state of steam machinery in
France :

" Our progress in the construction of steam-engines
is not of an old date. At the first it went on very slowly,
but in this, as in our iron- works, we have since made
up for lost time by our exertions, as the following sta-
tistics will prove. In 1820, there were not more than
200 steam-engines, whether of high or low pressure, in
France, and about one-forth of which were of English
make. In 1830, this number increased to 572, of which
106, or about one-fourth, were British. On the Ist Jan.,
1843, we reckoned 3,053, of which only 243, or less than
one-thirteenth part, came from abroad. Thus, at
the same time as our wealth in fixed engines took a
rapid development, since in twelve years it increased al-
most six-fold, the portion taken from foreigners lessened
in a very remarkable degree. This was less rapid in
locomotives, it is true, since, in 1841, we possessed only
169, of which 74 were French and 95 foreign, and this
total, on the Ist January, 1842, amounted to 204. But
even in this branch the progress has not been without its
value, as was established by the last exhibition of the
progress of the useful arts. Our construction of steam
engines in general is much improved, their powers are
brought out with greater ease, and the steam, applied
with better effect, has rendered the consumption of coal
by our locomotives much less. Let our machinists make
only a few more efforts, and they will be able to compete
with those of Great Britain, and take a large share of the
supply of locomotives fur the railroads now in execution
or in contemplation. To these endeavours the Govern-
ment has just lent an efficacious assistance by the in
crease of the import duties on locomotive engines ; and
if it be considered how important it is to our material
and political interests to render us strong and able in
this branch of mechanical constructions, it will be ac-
knowledged that this is one of the most useful provisions
of the Customs Bill presented by the Minister of Com-
merce—to bring into action all the steam apparatus em-
ployed in France on January 1, 1843. There then ex-
sisted 5,911 boilers, of which 5,270 were of French, and
641 of foreign make. Of these 4,292 were used for the
above-mentioned 3,053 steam-engines, and 1,619 for
other purposes in different manufactories and establish-
ments. The following were the principal establishments
provided with steam-engines classed according to their
importance, viz., 1,034 spinning-mills, 288 sugar-works,
171 for printing cotton and other stuffs, 149 in the
working of mines, 143 in dye-houses, 143 in the making
of other machines, 112 in paper-mills, 100 in dressing
cloths, 96 in the manufactories of woollen cloths, 91
smelting-houses and forges, 88 foundries, 87 oil-mills, 84
baths, 75 saw-mills, 66 refining-houses, 63 weaving-ma-
chines, and 45 fulling-mills, &c. Of the 3,053 engines
above-mentioned the Seine, the Nord, the Seine-Infi-
rieure, the Rhone, the Gard—that is to say, Paris, Lille,
Rouen, Lyons, and Nismes, possess 1,940, or above one-
half. Independently of the various apparatus above re-
ferred to,' there must be reckoned those employed in
steam navigation. On the Ist of January, 1843, France,
without bringing into the account, the ships of the
State possessed 22! -steam-boats impelled by 337 en-
gines, viz., 22 used as tug-boats only ;'8 as tug boats,
and for the conveyance of merchandise ; 9 as tug-
boats, and for the conveyance of passengers, and 117 for
both passengers and merchandise. The 207 boats used
as transports carried, in 1842, 2,500,000 passengers, and
nearly 1,000,000 tons of merchandise. Since 1840, our
effective power in steamers has made but little progress.
This is to be regretted ; but if we compare it to what it
was ten years ago, we shall find that it has- tripled in
number of beats and quadrupled in powerTbheiesttohbfoe
ntehn:irrionpveiedss,
and that, in the quantity. of merchandise conveyed, it has
that increased
the in
developmentthe proportion rotio
ourn
de ft lr
aine26h,as
and considerable. In general result, the 3,053 fixed en-
gines give a collective force of 39,000 steam 'horse-power,
presenting, at the rate of three draught horses for every
steam-horse-power, a force equal to 117,927 horses, or
819,189 men. The 204 locomotives at 45 horse-power
each, make a power of 9,180 draught horses, or 64,260
men ; and, in fine, the 337 engines working in the steam-
boats give a power equal to 35,003 horses, or 245,000
men. In total, a power of 161,207 draught horses re-
presenting 1,128,449 men. Such was the approximative
minimum of force, without comprising 1,609 boilers for
heating or giving motion, the force of which is not indi-
cated, that was given by steam in 1842 to private in-
dustry."

The Memorial Bordelais has the following :
" By the Po, Captain Chevalier, we have got news
from Senegal, of August 11. The gum contract is com-
pleted, but the produce is not more than one-third of the
ordinary quantity. The war, which lasted for five years
between the colony and the kingdom of Fonta, and which
did so much injury to the small trade, by preventing in-
tercourse with Galam, was happily terminated. Chef de
Battalion Caille, Director of the Home-office, had just
arrived at St. Louis, bringing the treaty of peace with
the Almamy. Even the chiefs, who had been most
hostile, readily affixed their signatures to it, so gratified
were they at seeing a renewal of intercourse between our
settlement and their country. In consequence of the
cessation of hostilities with Fonts, M. Houars, the Go-
vernor ad Interim, took measures for insuring effective
protection to all the small vessels during their voyage to
Galam. The authorities will be the better seconded in
these measures, as the iron steam-boats destined to serve
on the river, and which left Rochefort at the beginning
of August, will not be long before they arrive."
The Didon, Gloire, Danaf, Nereide, Erigone, and
Psyche frigates of the port of Brest, are, says the Con-
stitutionnel, to be got ready with all possible speed to
be placed en commission de rade. At Toulon it is asserted
that the Montebello, Trident, Genireux, St. Pitri, and
Ville de Marseille ships of the line, are to be placed in a
short time en commission de rade. The Asmodi steam-
frigate, lately gone to Tunis, will remain under the orders
of Admiral Parseval Deschesnes. By the return of ti e
Triton to Toulon, and the departure of the Inflexible and
Belle Poule for Cherbourg, there remain in the Strait of
Gibraltar none of the large vessels that took part in the
expedition against Morocco.

PARIS BOURSE, MONDAY, Foul' o'CLocx.
We hare had so little business doing to-day, that it is
only necessary to quote the undermentioned prices, at
which the market closed :—Five per Cents., cash, 118 f.
40c. ; Account, 1181. 60c. ; Three per Cents., cash, 821.;
Account, 82f. 25c. ; Bank of France Shares, 3,055 ; Nea-
politan, 90 80 ; Spanish Three per Cents., 241 ; Paris
and Orleans, 1,016 25 ; Paris and Rouen, 1,005 ; Rouen
and Havre, 762 50 ; Vierzon, 200 pm. ; Bordeaux,
90 pm.

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS.—The return for
the week ending Saturday, October 12, shows a great
increase of deaths, chiefly caused by scarlatina. The
total number is 1,018, previous week 932 ; average
for the autumn months, 990. In most other cases,
with the exception of diarrhoea, there is a diminution.
Last week the amount under this head was 19 ; aver-
age 10. Deaths caused by diseases of the lungs
are considerably below the average, the number
being 282, while the amount for each of
the five preceding years was 312. There is a
decrease in deaths from old age and violence, the
numbers with the averages being 57, 74; 15, 26.
The following is an analysis of the list of violent
deaths : —Fracture or contusion, 5 cases, of which I
was by a fall, and 2by horses and carriages. Poison,
3 cases, of which I was murder, and 2 suicide.
Drowning, 4 cases, §tated to be Accidental, except