The Sun.
London, England, 1844-08-20 00:00:00

rented by the British authorities, and by them in part
sublet to British merchants. It will contain the con-
sular and vice-consular residences and officers' and
merchants' houses, and altogether will consist of 18
houses. The houses are to occupy either side of the
ground on the west and east, and through the centre
runs a street 40 feet wide, but shaded on either side
by a verandah 12 feet wide, connecting the upper
parts of the houses, and protecting passengers against
sun and rain. The consular residence being the
largest of the projected houses is to face the square or
river on the south-west ; and the opposite corner in
the south-east has been granted to the same firm
formerly in possession of the Creek Hong. The vice-
consulate is to be immediately behind the consulate.
The well-known Respondentia walk is now narrowed
by a wooden railing, supported by pillars of masonry,
which incloses the whole of the square in front of the
six centre factories that still remain. This has been
laid out tastefully in walks and shrubberies, and in its
centre has been erected a splendid flagstaff, brought
out for the use and protection of Americans by the
United States frigate Brandywine, and erected by the
crews of American merchant ships at Whampoa. In
melancholy contrast to this newly painted flagstaff and
its glittering vane, are the fire-blackened stumps of
those from which once floated the British and Dutch
flags, and still left standing memorials of the strife.
The company's garden, formerly stocked with many a
rare and beautiful plant and flower, has been sadly
neglected, many of its denizens having been trans-
planted to its more prosperous neighbour. The
younger of the foreign residents here find a little ex-
ercise in playing at ninepins and quoits, nor seem
aquatic sports to be forgotten, although the number
of wherries and pleasure boats is not yet by any
means what it used to be in times of old. Jackass
Point, on which in days of yore the quid-nuncs used
to assemble, now offers the disagreeable spectacle of a
mass of dirt and rubbish, for which it seems to have
become the privileged receptacle, much to the re-
proach of the foreign residents, who might easily con-
cert measures to do away with that nuisance ; which,
however it is to be hoped, will be much abated after
the new garden shall have been extended, as it is
about to be, to the brink of the river. With the ex-
ception of the foreign factories and their immediate
neighbourhood, down to the river, not much change
has taken place. Old China-street is exactly what it
always was, and New China-street has been rebuilt in
exact imitation of its former self; and only four or
five shops there remain to be built to obliterate all
traces of the late disastrous fire. With extraordinary
activity the Chinese have repaired the damage done
by that fire, and the streets have everywhere been
rebuilt, nor does the visitor dream that destruction
has been at work there only a few months since,
the new streets and houses being mostly rebuilt
as they formerly were, the only difference now
striking the beholder being the fresh and gaudy
colours of the new signboards overhanging the
' streets, in lieu of those sobered down by age.
The British flag now floats in front of Howqua's hone',
where the British Consul is at present domiciled, and
where a British sentinel, a marine, paces in front. If
old Howqua is permitted from beyond the grave to
cast a look upon the scene of his commercial success,
he will quickly avert his eyes from a spectacle by no
means calculated to please him, who to the very last
was averse to the new order of things. It now only
remains for me in this short sketch to notice the glo-
rious river, the Chokiang, with its hundreds of thou-
sands of boats and vessels of all sizes, admitting,
free from danger, the largest line-of-battle ships,
and, at the same time, nourishing and bearing
on its bosom thousands of families that know no
other home than the small boats it rocks on its
waters. For miles, all the length of the provincial
city, it is now, as ever before, covered with a multi-
tude of boats of all descriptions, from the humble tanka
to the flaunting flower boat, disposed in regular streets
and squares ; in fact another city upon the waters.
From the factories are visible, in the direction of
what used to be called Red Fort, the masts of a
frigate built by the Chinese, in imitation of a Euro-
pean ship of war. This vessel is said to be well
built ; but her cost is money utterly thrown away,
as she is not likely ever to be of any use in the de-
fence of her country; but she may, in case of an-
other war, prove a valuable prize to her captor.
The feeling of enmity so frequently manifested of
late by the populace of Canton towards foreigners,
seems, according to all I have been able to learn, to
be making room for better impressions; and there
can be little doubt that it is the firm and fixed in-
tention and wish of the Canton authorities to pre-
serve uninterrupted the present amicable relations.
But as stated before, the late war has revealed to
the people generally the inefficiency of their rulers,
and the credit of the mandarins has suffered immea-
surably by the conviction it has afforded to the
masses, that however willing instruments they may,
have been for their oppression, they have been alto-
gether unable to protect them. The Chinese autho-
rrities seem to be perfectly aware of this, and dread
nothing more than the gathering of a mob, which in
China is more easily collected, and more ready for
every mischief, than perhaps anywhere else.

TWEED FISIIINGS.—The late rains, which at this
season are to be regretted for the sake of the grain
crops, have produced a most beneficial effect on the
salmon fishings. Last night the River became flooded, in
consequence of which an immense number of fish has
entered it, and the boats, as they arrived at the quay,
this morning, were literally fillel with fish. These for-
tunate takes have not been confined to a few stations or

any particular part of the river, but have extended oyca
the whole as far as the tide flows. The appearance of
the fish-house at the quay this morning has not been
equalled during this, or, indeed, any previous season.—
Berwick Advertiser.
SOMNAMBULISM EXTRAORDINART.—Tuesday night
a lad named Smith, in the employ of Mr. J. Cottrell,
farmer, of Cleeve, awoke in a great fright, on finding
himself crammed into some dark corner, nearly
smothered and blinded with dust and soot. Not being
able to make out his whereabouts, he tried for a few
moments to collect his scattered senses, and found him-
self with an indistinct recollection of having dreamed of
climbing to take a rook's nest in his master's field ; con-
cluding ho was still up in the tree, and being unable to
get down, he cried out lustily for assistance, but without
effect. After bawling for some time he became ex-
hausted, and was compelled to relinquish his hold, and
fell with great violence on the hard ground. Groping
about he found himself still in his own bedroom,
and, glad to escape so easily, he scrambled again into
bed, and fell asleep. But, on waking in the morning,
the mystery of his night's bird-nestin,g was unravelled,
for, to his great discomfiture, he found his person and
the bed and bed-clothes, as well as the floor of the room,
completely covered with soot, and, from a quantity of
the same material lying in the fire-place, there is no
doubt that the poor fellow got up in his sleep, and at-
tempted to climb the chimney, and, 'getting jammed in
the narrow part, some seven or eight feet up, awoke with
the sensation before described. Fortunately, his rapid
descent occasioned no other injury than a few slight
bruises on his person, and the damaged state of the bed
and bedding was easily repaired by a plentiful applica-
tion of soap and water.—Cheltenhant Examiner.
CATS' MEAT AND HORSES' TONGUES.—Wednesday,
Mr. Wakley, LP., held an inquest at the Elephant and
Castle, King's-road, St. Pancras on the body of John
King, aged fourteen. It appeared in evidence that de-
ceased was a deputy vendor of cats' meat, and got from
his employer 2s. 6d. a week and his breakfast and dinner
each day. On Monday last he knocked at the door of a
customer in Henry-street, Hampstead-road, and the in-
stant the door was opened he fell into the passage and
died. He was subject to fits. The Coroner—His must
have been a very laborious occupation, for he must have
travelled a long distance with a large quantity of meat,
which I understand is sold at a penny a pound, before
any profit could be realised. A Juror--Oh dear no; cats'
meat is sold at fourpence and threepence a pound. and
he would not have to wheel more at any time in his
barrow than half a hundred weight. A good cats' meat
walk is a fine fortune, and the proprietor would not sell
his vested interest for a trifle. The Coroner—l believe
it is boiled horse flesh they sell. Did any of you ever
see them sell for cats' meat boiled horses' tongues? The
Jury—Never. The Coroner—To be sure you never did.
They are salted and dried and sold 'for ox tongues. A
Juror—Yes, many of the so-called pickled and cured
nests' tongues come from the knacker's yard. The Co-
roner—lt requires, lam told, a nice palate to distinguish
the flavour of an ox's tongue from that of a horse's. I
do not see why it should not be so. A gentleman—The
prejudice against equine flesh is not universal. The
celebrated sausages of Arles, in the south of France, are
principally composed of asses' flesh and condiments.
They are considered a great delicacy, easy of digestion,
and extremely appetissants. The Jury returned a ver-
dict of " Natural death.
ANTIDOTE FOR PRUSSIC ACID.—We feel much
pleasure in announcing in these columns that some re-
cent experiments made by Messrs. T. and H. Smith, of
Duke-street, Edinburgh, with a view to discover an anti-
dote for prussic acid,- have been brought to a successful
termination. It was previously well known that the acid
might be neutralised, but a perfect neetralising power,
inflexions to the stomach in itself, easily used, and
readily to be procured, has hitherto, as far as we are
aware, been a thing altogether unknown. The sulphate
of iron, commonly called green vitriol, was lately stated
by Sir G. Lefevre to be an antidote to this poison, in the
pages of the Lancet. It is not so, as the Messrs. Smith
showed in reply. However, the presentation of oxidized
iron to the deadly acid is in reality the fundamental fea-
ture of their own discovery. Only it was necessary to
find out how to present it to the acid in the shape in
which the acid will combine with it, and to do that
safely is a difficult matter, as all medical men well know.
The iron, as the late experiments demonstrate, must be
p
in a state partly of peroxide, and partly of rotoxide,
when combined with which, only, will the acid form the
desired compounds a compound well. known as Prussian
harmless in
blue, which is perfectly the stomach. It was
the observation that in that salt the iron was peculiarly
which, while showing and doubly oxidized, _ the useless-
ness of common sulphate of iron, suggested the forma-
tion of another combination of the sulphuric acid with
the oxidized metal, which might take up the prussic acid
and form Prussian blue. The, accomplishment of this
combination constitutes the antidote. The prussic acid
is turned 'in the stomach into Prussian blue; there an
inert, harmless body.. We only give what may be held
enough to satisfy the informed, as well as the uninformed,
of the possibility—the chemical possibility—of the re-
medy.—Scotsman.

MEHEMET ALL

The Journal des Debats gives the following inte-
resting particulars connected with the abdication of
Mehemet Ali :

" It is not astonishing that, in presence of the dis-
organisation which was extending itself more end
more in the provinces under his domination, Mehe-
met Ali should have felt his usual courage and perse-
verance giving way. At his age, and after the active
life that he had led, lassitude became natural, and the
circumstances which accompanied the still problema-
tical act of his abdication, prove that the weight of
affairs had begun to become too heavy for him. Some
time previously to the late events the Pacha had been
ill, and his return to health was marked by a measure,
the prudence of which was not perhaps equal to its
clemency. He had opened the doors of all the prisons
of Egypt, and in one day 2,000 prisoners, thieves,
assassins, and innocent men, were, without distinction,
restored to liberty. It was not by such measures
that the deplorable abuses of the Government, and the
unhappy state of the country could be reformed. The
evil had become so great, that the most faithful coun-
sellors of the Pacha felt themselves called upon to en-
lighten his mind at any price. It appears that Ibrahim
Pacha himself laid aside the extreme reserve which
he had until then maintained. The Pacha, con-

stantly habituated to find in his way only docile in-
struments, was at first surprised, and appeared to be
for an instant vanquished by a contradiction which
was so unusual. He manifested equal astonishment
and grief at what was told him, and announced his
intention of applying a remedy. But this moderation
did not last long, and in a new access of passion the
old Pacha went so far as to threaten to send Ibra-
him Pacha bound hand and foot to Cairo, and to
keep him there a prisoner. Two or three days
passed in irresolution. On the 25th, the day fixed
for sending his children to France, the Pacha held a
council at which a report was made to him of the state
of the provinces. It appears that the facts as stated
in this report were exposed with so much plainness,
that none of the Ministers had dared to communicate
it to the Pacha. Mehemet Ali, however, had it read
to him, listened to it in silence, and left the room
without making any observation. On the following
day, however, he gave sudden orders for his departure,
and, as there was no steamer in readiness, he shut
himself up in a kiosque of the garden of Moharem Bey,
placed two sentinels at the door, and ordered that no
person should be admitted to him. It was in vain that
Ibrahim Pacha and 30 or 40 persons of the Court pre-
sented themselves at the door : they remained there se-
veral hours without being able to obtain admittance.
The Pacha's physician,Gaetani Bey,and Kosreirßey,his
first dragoman, could alone reach his presence. It was
to them that he declared his intention of proceeding to
Mecca, adding that they might remain in Alexandria
to be of use to Egypt, but that, for his part, he re-
nounced it for ever. Then, as they remonstrated
with him, he begged them, with tears in his eyes, to
withdraw. Ibrahim and Said Pacha, his two sons,
and his principal officers, addressed a letter to him, in
which they assured him of their devotedness to his
parson ; but the Pacha replied that he was resolved to
retire into the lledjaz, and that he renounced Egypt
for ever. No other reply could be obtained from
him. In the night he asked for a sum of 125,000 f.,
and on the following day it was known that he had em-
barked, again declaring that he renounced everything,
and was going to reside at Mecca, where he would take
the name of Hadji (pilgrim). As soon as the depar-
ture of the Pacha was generally known in Alex-
andria the agitation became extreme. The evil dis-
positions of the Mussulman population, and the
presence in the city of a crowd of malefactors, whom
the opening of the prisons had let loose on society,
were of a nature to inspire the Europeans with great
uneasiness. The consuls held a meeting, and ad-
dressed a collective note to Ibrahim Pacha, request-
ing him to inform them if he had taken the necessary
measures to maintain order. When the last news
left, Ibrahim Pacha had not sent his answer, but so
long as he remained in the city, no disorders were
apprehended. The Marquis de Lavalette had written
to the commander of the Levant station to send him a
ship of the line."
The following letter, addressed to Mr. Court, the
Secretary to the Underwriters' Association of this
town (Liverpool), from the agent of the association
at Alexandria, gives the best and most detailed ac-
count we have yet seen of the movements of
.Mo-
hamed Ali, the Pacha of Egypt :
" Alexandria, July 17, 1844.
" Sire—Since closing my letter, per french mail, I
find the steamer is detained till the evening in conse-
quence of the excitement prevailing in this city
from the sudden and unpremeditated departure
of Mohamed Ali for Cairo, for which a variety
of reasons are assigned. I can only give the pre-
vailing rumours, as, at the present moment, it is im-
possible to ascertain the truth. One report is that Mo-
hamed Ali, yesterday, abdicated in favour of his son,
Ibrahim Pacha; who, however, refuses to net during
his father's lifetime. Another, that, in a fit of religi-
ous enthusiasm, Mohamed Ali set off on a pilgrimage
to Mecca; that he was induced to this step by the
reproaches of his harem, in consequence of his having
recently sent his son to France for education. From
another quarter we hear that there has been some-
thing like a revolt in consequence of a meeting held
at Cairo, Mohamed Ali's grandson (Abas Pacha),
Sheriff Pacha, and others presided, and that it was
agreed that Mohamed Ali was now too old, and ought
to give up the reins of government; that, on this in-
telligence reaching Mohamed Ali, be was greatly
enraged, and set off to restore order by his presence,
giving out the report of a pilgrimage to Mecca to lull
suspicion.Nlia Whatever may be the true state of the case, it is
certain that Mohamed Ali's departure was most
precipitate, and induced by some extraordinary cause,
as lie left Alexandria without any intimation to the
Government authorities or instructions for their future
guidance. It is also certain lie is seriously unwell.
Her Britannic Majesty's steamer Geyser, Captain
Carpenter, is in port; but the British authorities have
been inquiring for a fast-sailing British vessel, to take
dispatches to Beyrout ; it is supposed to order down
to Alexandria her Majesty's ship Tyne, or any other
man-of-war on the station, as it is apprehended some
crisis is approaching. Mohamed Ali's son, Admiral
Said Pacha, has requested a steamer from the P. and
0. Company, to follow his father, and endeavour to
learn the cause of his extraordinary departure ; it is
said the French Consul-General will accompany him."
Liverpool Albion.

MONUMENT TO THE POLITICAL
MARTYRS.

We understand that Sir James Gibson Craig has I
consented to preside at the dinner of the stewards on
Wednesday next, after the foundation of the monu-
ment is laid to the political martyrs of Scotland in '
1793-94. It is with peculiar propriety that a part of
the proceedings on that occasion is to be under the
direction of this distinguished veteran in the cause of
freedom, who not only felt keenly the injustice of the
sentences at the time they were pronounced, but made
strenuous exertions, both personal and professional, to
stay and avert their execution. No man now de-
fends these proceedings, -and the Tories themselves
were so ashamed of them, that they procured, even
from an unreformed Parliament, statutes entirely
abrogating in future the powers under which the
Court of Justiciary was enabled to pass such sen-
tences. But, nevertheless, it is fit that a suitable
testimonial should be erected amidst the numerous
monumental structures of this city to mark the repro-
bation of the sentences by the public in
the present age, and to record their high re-
spect for the virtuous resolution and forti-
tude displayed by the injured men in bearing
the heavy sufferings to which they were subjected.
Sir James Gibson Craig, who is now almost the only
survivor of the small but able band of patriots who
opposed the dominant party so powerfully in 1793,
can well explain the grounds on which he and the
late Lord Holland, and other friends, became early
subscribers to this monument. We are happy that
he is still in health and vigour to do so; we have no
doubt that he will be able to do full justice to the
memory of the persecuted Reformers, without any
unnecessary mixture of acrimonius or vindictive feel-
ing towards the actors in these lamentable proceed-
. ings, who may now be safely left to the judgment of
impartial posterity.—Scotsman.

LANCASTER AND CARLISLE AND LANCASTER AND
PRESTON RAILWAYS.—At the half-yearly meeting of
the Lancaster Canal Company, held last week, it was
stated that the Company's opposition to the Lancaster
and Carlisle Railway had been withdrawn, on condition
that the Railway Company should guarantee and make
up (if needful) the amount of tonnage, on the north end
of the canal, to 11,000/. per annum. Should the amount
exceed that sum, such excess to be paid to the Railway
Company, the latter to have an option, at any time, of
adopting the now current lease of the Lancaster and
Preston Railway, on paying to the Canal Company
9,2501., in addition to the sum of 13,3001. now paid by
the Canal Company as-a yearly rent for the lino. The
secretary intimated the intention of the lessen to run a
third- ekes train on the Lancaster and Preston Railway,
at ld. per mile, one each way, at a convenient hour, in
compliance with the intentions of the Legislature.—
Railway Record.
A SUBSTITUTE FOR TOBACCO.—A gentleman, not
five miles from Upwell, who was taught at one of the
scheo!s of ../E.'culapius, thought to enjoy a first-rate llii-
vannah, and to make the pleasure more complete, walked
to a friend's house. While engaged in conversation, he
found himself annoyed by not being able to smoke with
facility ; now puffing with all his might, now biting off
the end, he again placed it in his mouth, but he could
not make it burn freely until he drew from the cigar a
rat's tail, which he had been sucking for some time
Whatever liking the feline tribe may have for rats' tails,
we are sure the gentleman had none. The fumes of the
tobacco, the blanching of the bones by suction, and the
roasting of the residue of the tail, being commingled, we
need not say produced nausea. Happily the gentleman
w as well skilled in the healing art, and immediately took
a glass of cold water to rince his mouth out.—Canitridge
Chronicle.