The Sun.
London, England, 1844-06-10 00:00:00

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JUNE 10, 1844.
No. 16,168. LONDON) MONDAY

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THE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time 'or :the :AFTERNOON TRAINS
and a THIRD EDITION'af SEVEN O'CLOCK, for POST, containing PARLIAMENTARI and all other NEWS in LONDON up to that .Hour.
ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.
- - • ,

AYR TOWN COUNCIL.

still, in their opinion, it is th e aim, and will be the in-
vitable consequence of the provisions of this measure,
when applied to Scotland, to lead to a total change. in the
present system of banking, which the long experience, and
practical good sense of the nation, have taught them to
be attended with the most beneficial results, in promoting
the wealth and advancement of the people."
Mr. r. COWAN thought them rather premature.
Provost MILLER replied, that although the Premier
did not threaten immediate interference, yet his whole
observations were indicative of such intention, and that,
perhaps, at no distant period.
The resolutions, were unanimously agreed to, and or-
dered to be published.
The meeting then broke up:

the last-mentioned Bill the Committee had examin,

THE CURRENCY and MONETARY LAWS.
A LECTURE on Sir ROBERT PEEL'S CURRENCY.
PLANS, showing the way in Which they will affect all classes of the
community, illustrated by an interesting Series of Statistical
Diagrams, will be given at the British Coffee-house, Cockspur-street,
on TUESDAY, June 11, 1844, at One o'clock precisely. Admission
gratis, by tickets only, which may be obtained of Messrs. Hatchard,
Piccadilly; Mr. Ridgway, Piccadilly; Mr, 011ivier, Pall-mall ; 31r.
Clarke, 13, Pall-mall East; Mr. Hastings, 13, Carey-street, Lincoln's
Inn ; Mr. P. Richardson, Cornhill ; and Mr. Winbolt, Aldersgate-
street ; and at the Offices of the Society for the Emancipation of In-
dustry, 22, Parliament-street.

the several matters required by the Standing Orders to
be inquired into by Committees on Railway Bills, and
had agreed to the following Report :-
1. That the capital proposed to be raised by the said
Bill is 100,000/, and that it is not proposed to authorise
'the raising by loan or mortgage a sum greater than one-
third of the capital, and that until one-half of the capital
is paid up the Company are not to have power to raise
any money by loan or mortgage..
2. That 6,750 shares, amounting to 135,000/, have
been subscribed for, and the deposits paid thereon
amount to 13,500/.
3. That the appendix contains the names and resi-
dences of the shareholders, distinguishing therein the
directors or provisional committee, with the amount of
shares taken by each, and shows also the shareholders
who subscribe 2,000/. and upwards.
4. That there is one shareholder who may, be con-
sidered as having a local interest in the line, and the
amount of capital subscribed by him is 10,000/
5. That the present means of conveyance and commu-
nication between the proposed termini are insufficient for
agricultural, commercial, manufacturing, and other pur-
p ,ses. The present amount of traffic by land and water,
the average charges made for passengers and goods,
and time occupied, are stated in the appendix.
6. That the number of passengers, and the weight and
description of goods expected .upon the proposed Rail-
way, are stated in the appendix.
7. That the amount of income expected to arise from
the conveyance of passengers and goods, and in what
proportion, and generally the description. of goods from
which the largest revenue is expected, are stated in the
appendix.
8. That the proposed railway is a complete and in-
tegral line between the termini specified ; viz., from Ep-
som to a junction with the London and Croydon Rail-
way at Croydon.
9. That excepting the proposed Epsom and South-
Western Railway, there is before Parliament no other
competing line existing, or in progress, or in contem-
plation. The Committee are of opinion that the line
recommended by them is entitled to preference for rea-
sons stated in a former part of their report.
10. That the railway is proposed to be worked
throughout by stationary engines on the atmospheric
principle, but power is taken in the Bill to use locomo-
tive engines.
11. That there are no peculiar engineering difficulties
in the proposed line. There is no tunnel on the pro-
posed line.
12. That the gradients and curves are not unfavour-
able, the steepest gradient being 1 foot in 100, and the
smallest radius of a curve being 40 chains.
13. That the length of the proposed railway is 8
miles and 152 yards, and there are no branches.
14. That it is not proposed to cross on a level any
public carriage road or turnpike road. '
15. That the amount of the estimates of the cost and
other expenses to be incurred up to the time.of the com-
pletion of the railway is 180,0001, and these estimates
appear to be supported by evidence, and to be fully ade-
quate for the purpose.
16. :That the estimated charge of the annual expenses
of the railway is 301. per cent. on the expected annual
income, and the calculations on which this charge is es-
timated have been sufficiently 'proved.
17. That the calculations proved in evidence before
the Committee have established that the revenue is
likely to be, sufficient to support the annual charges of
the maintenance of the railway, and still allow a profit
to the projectors.
That Mr. Cubitt, Mr. Brunel, Mr. Samuda, and
Mr. Gibbons, were the engineers examined in support
of the Bill, and Mr. Locke and Mr. Robert Stephenson
in favour of the competing line.

THE SCOTCH BANKING SYSTEM'.
A special meeting of Council was held on Wednesday,
the 15th May, Provost Miller in the chair—for the pur-
pose of considering the Scottish Banking system, in con-
sequence of the scheme propounded in the House of
Commons by the Premier, on the question of the re-
newal of the Bank of England charter. No previous
notice having been given, the standing orders were de-
parted from; and
The PROVOST rose and said—lt may be imagined that
Scotland is comparatively little interested in the pro-
posed measure for altering the law relating to bank-
ing and currency, which is under discussion in Par-
liament. This, however, is a narrow and very short-
sighted view of the question. Whatever affects the pros-
perity of England must exercise a powerful influence
over that of Scotland; and whatever principle
is applied to this most important branch of our com-
mercial system in England, as well as the mode in
which it may be carried into practical operation, must,
it is manifest, ere long be extended to Scotland. 'lt,
therefore, becomes a matter of the deepest interest to
Scotland to ascertain the aim and ultimate tendency of
the proposed changes. To attain a clear view of the
character and scope of this measure, it is necessary to
take into consideration the whole scheme, and the
principle upon which it proceeds. The principle en-
deavoured to be established, and to which the House
of Commons is invited to commit itself, is, " that the
notes in circulation should, under all` circumstances,
vary with the efflux aad influx of bullion." This is a
disputed question, and its truth is denied by writers of
eminence, as well alby tlie greater number of bankers.
There is only one mode of effectually carrying it into
practical operation, and that mode is one bank of issue
for the whole kingdon, with the total suppression' of
all local banks of issue. But Sir R. Peel, being well
aware that this proposition, if nakedly stated, and its
inevitable consequences clearly explained, would rouse
an opposition he could.not overcome, limits the imme-
diate Operation of his scheme merely to establishing the
principle that the currency ought to be governed by the
foreign exchanges. But remarkable skill and ingenuity
is displayed in framing the scheme in such a manner as
gradually, though with equally certainty in the end,; to
effect the same result as if all local issues were at otice
suppressed. The departments of deposit and issue
are to be distinctly separated in the Bank of Er!g-
land. The principle is thin fully applied, but in such
a manner as to interfere little with the profiti of that
establishment. Local banks are not deprived of their
currency, but restricted to the average issue of the lest
three years, and they cannot, on the ground of either
permanently increased business, or any temporary
cause, exceed this amount. As the old banks deop
off, no new bank of issue is permitted to be esta-
blished. Whatever, therefore, was the amount of their
currency, must be supplied by the Bank of England ;
and as by far the larger proportion of the country Or •
culation of England is furnished by private banks, it is
evident -the natural course of events will throw it till
into the ebyßatnhke f
temporary England. Existing banks are thus
monopoly improperly given
them at the expense of the public, not -to offer the
'measure that opposition which the immediate suppres-
sion of their currency would certainly have roused.
o
But it requires little sagacity to see that, at the end
of ten years at farthest, this privilege will be with-
drawn. Indeed, it appears more than doubtful if it
will be allowed' to remain so long undisturbed: for the
measure will, iii my apprehension,
_instead of steadying
commercial matters, have a tendency to create greater
alternationS of inflated prosperity and deep depression;
when its failure will be, attributed, not to its true cause,
but to the circumstance of the principle not being fully
carried out.. Whether this supposition is right or
wrong, it is clear the object of the measure will at the
end of ten years be attained, and one central bank of
issue in London will supply the currency of the whole
kingdom, regulated in its quantity by the foreign ex-
changes. Thus, throngh the natural and almost imper-
ceptible action of tbe machinery this scheme sets in
motion, the .notes of the Bank of England and gold
will' gradually supplant -those of the present issuers ;
and•when this is effected, the ultiinate result, on those
districts whose currencies hare been suppressed, will
be as disastrous as if the principle had at once been
carried to its fullest extent. It is the agricultural and
remote districts which will suffer most severely, as they
are the chief field of the -country issuers. These
districts will therefore be deprived •to a great extent
of the banking accommodation and supplies, of capital,
to 'aid local enterprise and industry, which they
present enjoy. But, it may be said, Scotland is 1.
touched. Leaving out of 'view the manifest con
queece of any injury inflicted on England, it would be
a fatal delusion to remain quiet in the expectation_ of
being left alone on that ground. Sir R. Peel himself
furnishes the reason• for this—" He does not wish to
bring around his head the storm the idea even of the
application of such a principle to her currency would
raise. He wishes simply to " establish principle.
Let those, however, which be proposes, be once esta-
blished in England, and England will aid in forcing
them to their full extent upon Scotland. There is
even now a great jealousy of the prevailing difference
of our being permitted to enjoy the benefits of a purely
paper currency, undisturbed by the panics and- distrust
which in England have so often impeded industry, and
have lately, to a certain extent, robbed the working
classes of a portion of their hard-earned rewards, from
the defective state of the gold coinage. From this
Scotland has altogether escaped. But increase the
difference by applying to England still more stringent
regulations relating to her banking and currency, and
he must be blind indeed who does not perceive that
the Prime Minister, even although himself reluctant
(which he evidently is not), would be compelled by
England to assimilate in every respect the laws of the
two countries, by substituting gold for the small notes,
and applying the same principles as well as the same
machinery to work them out. The plan is simply to
effect this object by taking the banking establisments
of the three 'countries in detail, and to enforce the
application of principles which, with the aim openly
and broadly stated, a united opposition would render
impossible. The people of Scotland have the reputa-
tion of long-sightedness • but if they permit this
measure to be applied to 'England, under the delusion
of being undisturbed, the event will prove that it has
failed them on this occasion. It is even a delusion to
imagine we will be allowed to retain( ar small notes
for ten years. Sir Robert leaves himself entirely at
liberty to deal with Scotland immediately, as he has
dealt with England. To her banking system Scotland
owes much of her prosperity. That system is founded
upon free competition, and the power bankers derive
from the use of their currency to allow a comparatively
high rate of interest on deposits. Supplant local is
suers by the notes of one central bank of issue, and
although-there will still be banks, our excellent system,
which has been so instrumental in promoting the pros-
perity of every branch of domestic enterprise and
industry, will be annihilated. Scotland is the only
country in the world where a free system of banking
and currency has been fairly tried, and in no quarter
of the world have more benefits been conferred by
banks on the public, mixed with fewer evils. Banking
accommodation has been afforded on cheaper terms,
capital more extensively diffused and subdivided, so as
to meet the wants of all engaged in every branch of
productive industry, however humble. The loss sus-
tained by insolvency has been comparatively small ;
and panics, which have again and again desolated
England, havei been almost unknown; whilst the re-
turns of the circulation of Scotland, printed by order
of the House -of Commons, furnishes incontrovertible
evidence that, instead of being excessive in its absolute
amount, and in its fluctuations from year to year, it is
proportionally to the wealth and population of Scotland,
restrained within morellimited bounds than that of any
country of which we possess any authentic evidence.
To pass over in almost total silence so striking an illus-
tration of the results of free competition, and to wander
across the Atlantic in search of an example to prove
that convertibility. is not, where competing issuers are
permitted, a sufficient safeguard against excess, is, to
say the least, a singular oversight ; whilst to assert
that the banks of America were powerful joint-
stock banks, under wise regulations, and generally
with unlimited responsibility, is a misrepresenta-
tion of • the actual circumstances. The banks of
America were, almost without any exception, chartered
State banks. with their liabilities limited. The guarantee
for their liabilities was entirely dependent on their paid-
up capital ; and as the shareholders were in most banks
permitted to draw to a certain extent upon the stock they
held, the security to the public was almost wholly illu-
sory. Their notes thus became depreciated, not from
excess, but from reckless mismanagement and fraudulent
bankruptcy. To deduce, therefore, from the disasters of
American banking, an argument against competition,
would-be as reasonable as to assume that no nation will
maintain its public faith inviolate because the States of
America have repudiated their debts. Yet it is upon such
grounds as these that Sir R.. Peel proposes a scheme which
must eventually alter the whole banking system of the em-
pire—upon an untried and unproved theory, admitted to
be at variance with-the opinions of Smith and Ricardo,
and on uncertain illustration drawn from a distant
country ; whilst close at hand there is an example, sup-
ported by evidence which it is impossible to controvert,
satisfactorily establishing conclusions directly at variance
with those which form the basis of his whole plan.
Having stated my views thus fully on this all-important
question, I beg to submit for the approval of the Council
the following resolution in which these views are em-
bodied :
Mr. PAUL seconded these resolutions.
The following is the abstract of the resolutions re-
ferred to
That the Magistrates and Council, view with much
alarm and dissatisfaction, the-alterations proposed by the
Prime Minister, in the laws for the regulation of the
Banks and Currency of England ; for; although there
are several-valuable improvements—such as greater pub-
licity, *both regarding the. partners of these establish-
ments and their liabilities—which, if ingrafted on the
existing system, would exercise a beneficial influence';

at the

HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTION AND
DISEASES OF THE CHEST.

CEREMONY-FOUNDATION STONE.

The Committee have to announce the following REGULATIONS
nd ARRANGEMENTS for the CEREMONY of LAYING the FOUN-
DATION STONE bf the HOSPITAL for CONSUMPTION and DIS-
EASES of the CHEST, by his Royal Highness PRINCE ALBERT;
To-Mositow, the 11th of June, 1844 :
I. His Royal Highness has arranged to arrive at the ground pre-
cisely at One o'clock.
2. The Nobility, Bishops, Clergy, and other persons, having Cards
of Invitation from the Committee, will be admitted by the Western
Entrance, and are requested to assemble at half-past Twelve o'clock,
in the Reception Tent, to await the arrival of his Royal Highness.
3. Persons having Tickets to the Platform will also be admitted at
the Western Entrance; but will proceed to their places on the Plat-
form immediately on arrival.
4. Persons having Tickets to the Pavilion will be admitted at the
Eastern Entrance, at Twelve o'clock.
5. Carriages must set down with the horses' heads towards Ful-
ham, and take up with the horses' heads towards London.
Application for • the few remaining Tickets must be made imme-
diately to the Secretary, 20, Great Marlborough-street, between the
hours of Ten and Four o'clock.

TPD. OYAL - POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION,
1.1 i) .LONGBOTTGM'S PHYSIOSCOPE exhibits the human face
with its varied expressions, on a gigantic scale, curiously contrasted
with the living man. The OPAQUE MICROSCOPE magnifies ef-
fectively a succession of WORKS of the FINE ARTS ; also casts of
ANCIENT INSCRIPTIONS, taken by Miss Wilson from the WALLS
of the TOWER of LONDON, cut by Lord Guilford Dudley and other
State Prisoners. The DAILY POPULAR LECTURES abound in in-
teresting experiments. ARMSTRONG'S HYDRO-ELECTRIC MA-
CHINE. DIVING BELL and DIVER. NEW DISSOLVING
VIEWS, &c. &c. The Music is conducted by T. Wallis, Mus. Doc.
'Admission, is. ; Schools, Half-price. -

ROYAL HOTEL, MOSLEY-STREET, MANCHESTER.
3ESSRS. JAMES ALLEN and SON- beg
..tt_T most respectfully to acquaint the Nobility, Gentry, and Com-
mercial Gentlemen that they, have entirely refitted the above Hotel
with every regard both to elegance and comfort, and they trust that
by the adoption of the most moderate charges, they may be able to
retain that large share of patronage with which they have hitherto
been favoured.

PHILIP ROSE, Hon. See,
OSBOIIN P. CROSS, Sec.

THE FANCY BAZAAR, CHELSEA GARDENS, In AID of the
BUILDING FUND of the HOSPITAL for CONSUMPTION and
•ISEASES of the CHEST; on-Tursnax and WEDNESDAY, the
11th and 12th of June.
The Committee have made the following regulations and arrange-
ments, in order to render the Bazaar effectual in promoting the bene-
volent objects of the charity, and with a view to accommodate and
gratify the public who may honour them with their presence :-
1. The whole of the picturesque and extensive grounds of Chelsea
College, including the gardens of Old Ranelagh, will be on this occa-
sion, for the first time, thrown open to the public.
2. The Bazaar will take place on an extensive area, covered in
with spacious tents, so constructed as to provide effectually against
the possible contingency of unfavourable weather.
3. On the several stalls will be displayed an unusually large col-
lection of useful and ornamental objects, consisting not only of elegant
and tasteful examples of Ladies' Work, in all passible varieties, but
including also Prints, Pictures, and Books, and an embellished publi-
cation, entitled " The Forlorn Hope," written and presented to the
Charity (the aim and object of which it is designed to illustrate) by
Mrs. S. C. Hall, which will be sold only at the Bazaar.
4. Three Military Bands will be in attendance, one of which Will
constantly occupy a marquee, erected for the purpose, in the centre
of the Bazaar.
5. A Refreshment Tent, supplied by Gunter, will be erected in the•
grounds.
6. The Ladies' Patronesses, and the Ladies holding Stalls, will be
admitted through the residence of the Major, Colonel Le Blanc, in the
West Quadrangle. •
7. Carriages must enter at the Western-gate, in Paradise-row, set
down at the Barrier, drive away; and take up at the Eastern-gate,
in Royal Hospital-row.
8. Ladies and Gentlemen on foot will enter at the same gate, by a
passage separated from the carriage drive.
9. The only exit from the grounds will be by the Eastern-gate of
the Hospital, leading into Royal Hospital-row.
10. The gates will be opened, To-morrow, at' One o'clock—Ad
mission, 2s. 6d. ; Children, Is. On. Wednesday, at Eleven o'clock-
Admission Is

PATENT IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOMETERS, WATCHES
AND CLOCKS.
-L" J. DENT, 82, STRAND, and 33, COUK-
.
SPUR-STREET, Watch and Clockmaker, by appointment,
to the Queen and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, begs to acquaint
the public that the manufacture of his Chronometers, Watches, and
Clocks; is secured by three separate patents, respectively granted
in 1836, 1840, 1842. Silver Lever Watches, jewelled in four holes,
61. 6s: each ; in Gold Cases from 81. to 101. extra. Gold Horizontal
Watches, with gold dials, from 81.8 s. to 121.125. each.
Dent's patent Dipliedoscopc, or meridian instrument, is now ready
for delivery.
Pamphlets, containing a description and directions for its use, Is.
each, but to subscribers gratis.

GENTLEMEN'S VELVET HAT S
10s. 6tl. to His.
Those who wish to dispose of their money to the best advantage
will save much by visiting PERRING'S ESTABLISHMENTS
CECIL HOUSE, 85, STRAND, and 251, REGENT-STREET, where
will be found the most extensive and varied Stock in the kingdom,
the prices- and qualities of which must give universal satisfaction.
Superior Beaver Hats, 145.; better' 16s. 6d.. ; the best short nap, 21s;
best livery hat, with lace band 11 inch wide, 245. Caps of every
description, from
OBSERVE THE ADDRESSES.

rpHE LONDON GENUINE TEA COM-
A__ PANY beg to inform Familiis 'Visiting the Provinces, that
they may procure GENUINE TEAS direct from the Company, of
their Agents, in nearly every town and village in the kingdom,
packed in Lead; and warranted Genuine by the Company:
Spurious and English made Tea being now commonly sold by
the shoptceepars in the country, the greatest caution is necessary.
Observe the Company's seal on each package.
Applications for Agencies for the sale of the above Genuine Teas,
by which a considerable income may be derived, to be made to the
Company at them Warehouses, 2, Lawrence Pountney.hill, London.

PHILIP ROSE, Hon. See,
OSBORN P. CROSS, Sec.

DISSENTERS' CHAPELS BILL. -- At a
MEETING of the COMMITTEE associated for opposing
the Dissenters' Chapels Bill, held at Exeter Hall, this Bth day o
June, 1844
The Secretaries reported, that on Thursday evening alone there
were presented to the House of Commons against the Bill the vast
amount of 937 petitions, including the signatures of an unprece-
dented number of Clergyreen of the Established Church, Rarristers,
Merchants, and Bankers, and persons of all religious denominations,
influenced by no political or party motives, but actuated to spon-
taneous exertions by a desire to prevent dangerous innovation on the
established law, legislative, interference with charities for mere indivi-
dual and sectarian benefit, and a practical patronage of errors, which
they deem fatal and unchristian.
And the Committee having also considered the recent discussion in
Parliament on the second reading of the BiU,

SCHWEPPE'S SODA and POTASS WATERS.
So much prejudice has been produced in the public mind by
spurious articles, sold under these names, containing not a particle
of— Alkali, that consumers are earnestly recommended to ask for
SCHWEPPE'S, the original inventors, and still the largest manu-
facturers of these invaluable preparations. Each bottle contains the
proper proportion of Alkali, scientifically amalgamated by the aid of
their powerful machinery, and every genuine bottle is distinguished
by a label on the cork, representing their name. This precaution is
rendered necessary by unprincipled persons frequently filling
Schweppe's bottles with their own composition, and paging it off as
Schweppe's manteacture.
SCHWEPPE'S LIQUID MAGNESIA, for the cure of heart-
burn, gout, sea-sickness, &c., in bottles at Is., 24. 6d., 4s. 6d., and 105.
each, manufactured with care and skill, and sold by most respectable
cnemists.
London, 51, Berners.street ; and at their Branch Manufactories at
Liverpool, Bristol, and Derby.

It was resolved,
1. That while the Committee deplore the numerous, though pro-
bably unintentional, misrepresentations of laws and facts so pro-
fusely made, and which might well influence the House—and while
they protest against flippant and unfounded imputations on them of a
persecuting spirit or indifference to that true religions freedom which
they would ever uphold—they must entertain and announce a con-
tinued conviction, that a more unnecessary, unjust, and dangerous
measure has never been submitted to Parliament, and have deter-
mined, that through every future stage modifications should be at-
tempted, and then, if no satisfactory improvement be made, that its
final rejection on the third reading should be strenuously pursued.
2. That to the Petitioners who, with holy and honourable zeal,
have supported the opposition to the Bill, the Committee offer, with
their thanks their entreaties that they will not relax in their efforts,
by petitions, meetings, and addresses to Members, to produce further
that expression of the public opinion of the enlightened, constitu-
tional, and pious, which even Power, with all its Parliamentary
support, may not finally disregard, and which will ensure an ultimate
victory to the cause of justice and truth. '
3. That the most cordial acknowledgments of the Committee be
presented to Sir Robert Inglis, Bart., M.P.; the Right Hon. Fox
Manic., M.P.; J. P. Plumtre, Esq., M.P. ; Lord Ashley, M.P.; 'and
the whole minority of 117 Members of the House of Commons ; who
notwithstanding all their political attachments under circumstances
of peculiar disadvantage, and regardless of the temporary coalitions,
confidence, and exultation& with which they had to contend, mag-
nanimously resisted a measure which has awakened amongst the wise
and good a painful alarm, and entitled themselves to that unbought
homage and augmenting regard which consistency and firmness in
public men (so rare, but so important) very righteously and deeply
deserve.

The following are some of the reasons which have led
the Magistrates and Council to the conclusions at which
they have arrived:-
1. Because the principle of extending or limiting the
issues of the bank notes, in obedience to the action of the
foreign exchanges, is one repudiated by, and at direct
variance with, the opinions of many of the most eminent
authorities on this subject.
2. Because the tendency of the proposed measure
being ultimately to suppress all local issues, and thereby
to call gold, as the instrument of exchanges, into much
greater use, must have the effect of enhancing the value
of money ; and thereby aggravating the burden of all
debts and engagements—an effect similar to that which
in former years, spread ruin and bankruptcy over the
land.
. 3. Because, evidently, it is ultimately the intention of
the Minister, by gradually claiming all the profits upon
the issues of bank notes, to convert them into instru-
ments of taxation, and thus to deprive the people of
those advantages they receive through the present
system ; for free competition, which equalises the rate
of profit on every branch of trade, under the existing
system prevents the bankers from appropriating to them-
selves the profits of the currency. They are, therefore,
transferred to the public in one shape or another, through
the, intervention of a more inexpensive system of banking
than will prevail when the currency is furnished by a
Central Bank of Issue. Upon the public, then, and not
upon bankers, will be thrown the burden of this new tax.
4. Because the Prime Minister carefully avoids
pledging himself to any course with regard to Scotland.
He is perfectly unfettered, and may suppress all, or any
portion of the currency, if he obtains the sanction of
Parliament. He has deferred all consideration of the
banking system of Scotland—merely. preventing the
establishment of any new bank of issue— until his
" principles are established." But, if the bribe held out
of a temporary monopoly to existing banks, at the ex-
pense of the public, neutralises opposition, and his mea-
sure is carried for England—he may look forward for
the aid of England in suppressing or curtailing the cur-
rency. of Scotland, as the people of England may be
expected to view with dislike and jealousy the posses-
sion, on the part of the Scottish nation, of an advantage
not enjoyed by themselves.
5. 'Because Scotland is the only country in the worli
where free competition in banking and issues has been
fairly tried; and in no country has banking accommoda-
tion been more extensively at the command of all
classes, on easier of cheaper terms, or attended with
more safety. The loss sustained by insolvency has been
comparativuly small. Panics almost unknown—and
instead 'of the circulation being excessive, and subject to
violent fluctuations, the returns, printed by order of the
House of Commons, afford incontrovertible evidence,
that in proportion to her wealth and population, it is
both smaller in amount and more unvarying in its
general character, than that of any country of which
we possess any authentic evidence. But the Prime
Minister overlooks so striking an illustration of the
results of competition ; he wanders to America in
search of an example, to prove that competing issues
teed to excess, against which convertibility does not
offer a sufficient safeguard. To assert, however, that the
Banks of Akterica were powerful banks, generally with
unlimited responsibility, and wise regulations, is a pal.
pable and most unaccountable error. They were, al-
'nest without any exception, Chartered State Banks, with
limited responsibility ; their paid up.capital—the only
guarantee for their liabilities—being. in reality almost
illusory, and their notes were depreciated, not from ex-
cess; but from general discredit and fraudulent bank-
ruptcy. Thus, consequently, can no argument be de-
duced from hat occurred in America in support of
the Prime Minister's assertion, that competition must
lead to excessive issues of notes, whilst it is satisfac-
torily disproved by the instance of Scotland, where
competition is found to be attended by a diminished
amount of Bank notes, instead of an enlargement, cor-
.joborative in this respect of the high authority of the
"-Wealth of Nations,' in the chapter on metallic and
Raper currency.
Lastly, The Magistrates and Council are of opinion,
that, in particular, the proposed measure will press with
the utmost severity upon the more remote and distant
parts of Scotland, from the danger and expense of
transmitting gold to and fro—and it is most probable the
result will be the total withdrawal of bank agencies from
those districts, which must deprive them of the banking
facilities they at present enjoy ; and by.leavine- them to
their own expedients, a degree of confusion in nil money
transactions may naturally be expected to arise, which
will not only check their advancement, but tend to make
them retrograde towards that condition from which they
emerged, chiefly through the easy distribution of capital
so essentially promoted by the present banking system
of Scotland.

TABLE of CONTENTS of “BELL'S
LIFE in LONDON," and its SUPPLEMENT,
PRESENTED GRATIS, JUNE 9, 1844.

VERNON HARCOURT, R.N., Chairman

The Committee will continue their Meetings at Exeter Hall, and
receive communications from the country with pleasure, and afford
cheerfully advice and support.

AGENTS WANTED in London and various
towns of England, Scotland, and Ireland, to take the SALE
of SHARES for effecting the transfer of certain valuable properties
on the Cbntinent. Good references, or security for the Shares in-
trusted, will be required.
• Address (pre-paid) to Frederick Quin, General Agent, 25, South-
ampton-street, Strand ;or to Mr. Joseph Thomas, 1, Finch-lane,

FREEHOLD ESTATE, RADNORSHIRE, SOUTH WALES.
110 BE SOLD, PURSUANT to a DECREE
of the HIGH COURT of CHANCERY, made in a Cause,
GRA VENOR and WIFE against MILES, with the approbation of
Sir GIFFIN WILSON, one of the Masters of the Court, at the Auction
Mart, Bartholomew-lane in the City of London, some time in the lat-
ter end of the month of June, or the beginning of the month of July,
of which due notice will be given,
A FREEHOLD ESTATE called LLANTRUSSA, situate in the
Parish of Llanvihangel Nantmellan, in the county of Radnor, con-
taining 54e. 3a. and 38r., or thereabouts, now in the upan of
Samuel Davis, a yearly Tenant, at the annual rent oof cc
5 tio
5/. Llan
trussa is situate within five miles of Kington, seven of Presteign, ten
miles of Knighton and the Hay, and one mile and a half of Radnor.
Particulars of Sale are in preparation, and may shortly be had
(gratis) at the Master's Chambers, Southampton-buildings, Chancery-
lane, London ; of Messrs. White, Eyre, and White, solicitors, Bed-
ford-row, London ; of Messrs. Thomas Jones and Sons, solicitors,
Millman-place, Bedforo.-row, London ; of Mr. T. King Stephens, soli-
citor, Presteign; of Mr. Kirke, auctioneer, Brompton-row, Brompton ;
at the Radnorshire Arms Hotel, Presteign ; tho Oxford Arms Hotel,
Kington ;!and at the place of sale.

HUGH MILLER, Provost.
Extracted from the Records of the Town Council o
• the Burgh of Ayr, by
HUGH REID, Town-Clerk.

GLAMORGANSHIRE.
RICH FREEHOLD ARABLE and MEADOW LAND, situate
at LANMIHANGLE and SIGGINSTONE, and within three
miles of the market-town of COWBRIDGE.
MESSRS. ADAM MURRAY and SONS will
SELL BY AUCTION, at-the Bear Inn, Cowbridge, on
TUHSDAY, the 23d day of July, 1844, at Six o'Clock, P.M. (unless
an acceptable offer be previously made by private contract),
The following parcels of PRODUCTIVE LAND :
Lot 1. FOUR FIELDS pf rich MEADOW LAND, situate
at Lanmihangle Church, containing 15a. Or. Bp.
Lot 2. The BARN FIELD, with Cottage and Garden at Siggin-
stone village, containing 10a. Jr. 12p. of rich Meadow Land.
Lot 3. The GOLDWAY MEADOW, near the village of
Sigginstone, containing la. Or. 29p. of rich Meadow Land.
Lot 4. FOUR FIELDS of rich ARABLE LAND, situate
next the road leading from Cowbridge to Lanmihangle, and con-
taining 22a. Ir. 29p.
Mr. Thomas, of Lanmihangle, will show the Lands, anti printed
particulars may be had at the Bear Inn, Cowbridge ; the Mack.
worth Arms, Swansea; the Castle, Neath ; the Wyndham Arms,
Bridgend ; the Bush, Bristol; and of Messrs. Adam Murray and
Sons, Surveyors and Land amts. 47, Parliament-street, Londo n

oU NS.—L ON DON PROVED GUNS
A SINGLE-BARRELLED GUN, with twisted barrel
and patent breech
A ditto, ditto, London proved 3ss,
A double-barrelled Gun, with twisted barrel, and patent breech 595.
A ditto, ditto, London proved 6s.
A single-barrelled Gun, 18s., usually charged Two Guineas.
Single Guns, to Z 6 Its. iDouble Guns, to £l5.
Hitherto there his been no certain way of obta,ning a good gun
without paying an extravagant price. Guns sold at low prices have
been made by those with whom quality has not been so much a con-
sideration as the production of a showy cheap article, . which h,is
generally proved worth', vs, if not dangerous. This has led
RIPPiiN and BURTON to engage persons of known ability and
great experience in the manufacture of guns, and they now
solicit sportsmen to inspect their extensive assortment. Mahogany
cases, fitted with cleaning tackle, shot-pouch, powder-flask, &c., in
great variety.
THREE PAPIER MACHE TRAYS
SHILLINGS. FOR THIRTY-FIVE
A FULL SET of three ornamented PAPIER MACRE TEA
TRAYS, Gothic shape, for 355. ; of three Gothic iron trays, 255. ;
of three convex trays, is.
From the unprecedented depressed itate of the manufacturing
districts RIPPON and BURTON have been induced to make large
ready-money purchases 'a best japanned wares, which, together
with their previous stock (already the most varied and extensive in
Crandon), is now ready for inspection, at very reduced prises, of
which the above are a criterion. A single tray at the same rate.
Detailed catalogues, with engravings, sent (per post) free.
IVORY TABLE KNIVES, ELEVEN SHILLINGS per DOZEN.
Octagon Ivory-handled table-knives with high shoulders, I ls. per
dozen ; desserts, Ss. ; carvers, 3s, 6d. per pair ; white bone table-
knives 6s. per dozen ; desserts, 4s. ; carvers, 2s. per pair • black horn
table-knives, 6s. per dozen ; desserts, 4s ; carvers. 2s.' 6d. ; table-
steels, Is. each. Table-knives with handles of the celebrated substi-
tute for silver, made only by Rippon and Burton, (which cannot
be distinguished from sterling silver except by the rank), 255, per
dozen ; desserts, Ms. • carvers, per pair, Ss. 6d. Detailed catalogues
with engravings, sent (per pest), free by
RIPPON AND BURTON, 12, WELLS-STREET, OXFORD-
STREET,
whose knives are all marked with their names, any of which they
will exchange if not approved of.
ESTABLISHED 1929.

RELIEF FOR INFANTS IN CUTTING THEIR TEETH.
MRS.JOHNSON'S AMERICAN SOOTHING
• SYRUP. This efficacious Remedy has been in general use
for upwards of Thirty Years, and has preserved numerous Children
when sufthring from Convulsions arising from painful Dentition. As
soon as the Syrup is rubbed on the Gums, the Child will be relieved,
the Gums cooled, and the inflammation reduced. It is as innocent as
efficacious, tending to produce the Teeth with cane; and so pleasant,
that no Child will refuse to let its Gums be rubbed with it. Parents
should he very particular to ask for JOHNSON'S AMERICAN
SOOTHING SYRUP, and to notice that the names of Barclay and
Sons, 95, Farringdon..street, London (to whom Mrs. Johnson has sold
the recipe), are on the Stamp affixed to ach Bottle. Price 2s. 9d. per
Bottle.

• APOPLEXY PREVENTED
DETERMINATION of BLOOD to the HEAD,
APOPLEXY, &c., effectually preventes. by the occasional
use of " FRAMPTON'S PILL OF IdEALTH," which, by
strengthening the action of the stomack, and promoting a healthy
and regular digestion of a efood, prevents a recurrence of these symp.
toms of this alarming disoalcr, giddiness, oppress on of the brain,
singing noise in the ears, headache, &c. They are an excellent
aperient, without griping or prostration of strength, create appetite,
relieve langour, and invigorate the spirits, while to be free liver or
sedentary they offer advantages that will not fail to be appreciated.
Sold by T. Prout, 229, Strand, Lon ion ;,Price Is. 1 ied, and 2s. 9d.
per boi ; also by the venders of medicines generally throughout the .
kingdom.
Ask for FRAMPTON'S PILL of HEALTH, and observe the
name and address of • " Tkornas Prout, 229, StrandilLondon" , on the
Geterontent damp,

. MlscruANEous.—Arrival of the Emperor of Russia,
and reception at the British Court—Arrival of the King
of Saxony—Grand Review in Windsor Park, in the
presence of the British Court and its Illustrious Visitors
—Mr. O'Connell and his Co-Traversers in Prison—The
Dukedom of Sussex—Embarrassment of the Duke of
Saxe Coburg officially contradicted—News from India
and China—Editorial Retharks on the visit of the Em-
peror of Russia--French Jealousy—Parliamentary
Synopsis—The Sugar Duties—Review of Literature—
Horrible Murders—Destructive Fire at Gravesend—The
Drama—Police, and a variety of interesting Foreign and
Domestic Intelligence—Life in Canada, &e.
THE TURF.—Ascot Heath Raees—Presence of her
Majesty and her Illustrious Visitors—Engravings of her
Majesty's Vase and Hunt Cup—Alice Hawthorn and
her Declaration not to start for the Cup—Another gross
Attempt at Fraud—Fraudulent Orders to a Jockey, and
Exposure of the Guilty Party—The Bloodstone Ques-
tion decided—Every Race graphically described—Bygone
Tricks on the Turf—An odd Substitution of Goneaway
for Maccabeus—The Running Rein and Orlando—
Questions—Proceedings in the Court of Exchequer, and
Form of Trial fixed—Notes on the Curragh Meeting,
Ireland—Entries for the St. Leger of 1844 and 1845, and
Entries for the Derby and Oaks, 1845—Munster Races,
Westphalia—Dusseldorf ,Races—The late, Chantilly
Races, and Correspondence thereon-,-Racing at Gib-
raltar—Great Handicaps—Suggestions for Registering
Foals, and Identifying Race Horses, by Mr. Goodwin—
Latest Betting on Coming Events—Goodwood Cup
Weights—Manchester and other Races of the Week—
Table of Races to come—Sale of Hunters by Mr.
Tattersall—Turf Anecdotes and Announcements—

Trotting, &c., &c.
THE CRICKETERS' REGISTER.'-The Marylebone
Club Meeting—Alterations in the Laws of Cricket—
Matches for the Season 1844—Match between the
Marylebone (with Hillier and Lillywhite) and the Clap-
ton Club, with the full Scores of Matches between twenty
other distinguished Clubs in various parts of the King •
dom, and results of Matches elsewhere.
AQUATIC REGISTER.--Forthcoming :Meetings of the
Royal Yacht Club—Thames Grand Regatta, full parti-
culars—Henly-on-Thames Grand Regatta—The Wharn-
cliffe Sailing Club—lnteresting Matches on the Thames
and other parts of the Kingdom—Brilliant Prospects of
the Aquatic Season—Eton Annual and Fulham Sub-
scription Regatta—A Visit to the Boat-builders, &c.
CHESS.—Four games played in America and England
by celebrated players.
ANGLING.—Episode the Eighth, by " Ephemera."—
Fly Fishing in June.
cluidEe
and Pedestrian Sports.
nd EasnTda ipArne solste. d
in t
ht
eh e
Provincesi nt po r t a n
—t
mate Matchhese s
fi
xc oend-,
PIGEON SHOOTING.—At the Red House Battersea, and
elsewhere.
THE RING.—FuII Reports of the Fights between Mur-
ray and Hayes, and Gill (of Coventry) and Bothell, and
sundry Minor Combats—Matches in Progress—Forfeit of
Norley to Young Reid—Register of Fights to come, &c.
Wrestling—Canine Fancy—Rabbit Show—Single
Stick—Bell Ringing—Bird Fanciers—and a variety 'of
Popular Sports.
One hundred and twenty Advertisements, upwards of
three hundred Questions answered, and fifteen hundred
and ninety Letters received, read, and attended to.
Such a variety of intelligence never before appeared in
a Weekly Journal, and fully justifies our motto—
" Nunquam Dormio."
*4* Bets Life, with the Supplement, will be kept on
Sale throughout the week.—Price Sixpence together.
Belts Life of Sunday, June 2, containing the En-
graving of the Ascot Gold Cup, has been reprinted, and
can be had at the Office, 170, Strand.

SIGHT AND HEARING TESTIMONIALS.
39, ALDEMARLE-STBEET, PICCADILLY. - General
Browne Clayton feels desirous to express the comfort
and advantage he has derived at his advanced age of 70
years, and after two years' trial, from the use of Messrs.
S. and B. Solomons newly invented Spectacles. Their
valuable inventions fully merit the patronage they have
received. Address. Adlington-hall, Lancashire.
Major-General Sir Howard Elphinstone begs to say that
the Spectacles he has now had some time in use, have
fully redeemed the assurance of the Messrs. S. and B.
Solomons as to their excellence, and having found so
much comfort and advantage from their use, far prefer-
able to every other kind of glasses. 13, Norfolk-street,
neverand m
with e t l
es s with
in
caonny.
Park-lane.—The Hon. George Cavendish, to Messrs. S.
and B. Solomons, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, op-
posite the York Hotel. Gentlemen, I your;ve very much
purchased from I have made
o rands,
.11Seoslsorms.osn.s'aInndviun.cisbolie0mons, OperatoroptVicoinienes
uovefsenthioence to my eyes. Yours obediently, G. Cavendish,
Leixlip Castle, Ireland.—lmproved Achromatic Teles-
copes, Opera Glasses, Microscopes, &c., of the same kiwi
of lenses, to surpass• any ever yet invented.—The
Pe glassest ace : feoos rs
see
an
equal years,
t o y
to enabSl
Conductor, Sound Magnifiers for deaf persons, give im-
mediate relief to old standing extreme cases of deaf-
nMeessi—rs.CSa.utaionnd. B.
and Aurists, are not in any way d " connected with a person
of the same name in their immediate neighbourhood.
Nor in any part of the country. To prevent mistakes,
be cautious and observe—only to be had at 39, Albe-
marle-street, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel,

BREAKWATER LIGHTHOUSE.—On Siturda.y even-
ing last, the lighthouse, which-has been raised on the
western end of the Plymouth Breakwater, was for the
first time illuminated. The light of the edifice is of a
red colour towards the sea, and of a white colour within
the line of the Breakwater. The building is 63 feet
above high water mark, and has been erected at an ex-
, pense of 12,000/. It is formed of granite from the Parr
Quarries near to Fowey, and contains five rooms—a
. store room, an oil room, a kitchen room, •a sleeping
room, and a look-out room. The centre of its base con-
tains a tank of watei., and the outside or storm doors are
of gun metal, while the inside door is of wood. In a
word; it is altogether fitted, fOr:the important purpose for
which it i:q losigned:--Plymouth Journal.