The Sun.
London, England, 1845-11-22 00:00:00

SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY MaRNIN'G, NOVEMBER, 22, 11 b,

point, and opposition has shown itself there alone ; it might
be said that the entente cordiale does not suffer from it, and
that the most attached lovers are sometimes liable to little
disputes. Look through the whole East, and show a single
point where the two Powers are found to agree. Is it in the
Libanus ? We protect the Maronites, of whom the Druses
are the mortal enemies, and the Druses are under the pa-
tronage of England. Is it at Constantinople ? The
struggle between M. DE BOURQUENEY and Sir S. CANNING
has been more than once as notorious as it is between
Mr. LYONS and M. PISCATORY. Is it in Egypt ? We
have done everything to thwart the projects of the
English in that country, and their rancour does not take
the trouble of concealing itself. Where then is that
cordiality of the two Governments ? The East is for them
a theatre of discord. It is perhaps the West which beholds
them embracing each other. Do we not, in fact, agree on
the principal questions of western policy ? It is evident that
in Spain, for instance, France and England act together. A
great subject of discussion exists in that country—the
QUEEN'S marriage ; the entente cordiale presents a single
competitor for her hand. The same union is evidenced in
our material interests. We only aim in the Peninsula at
carrying into effect the commercial treaty so long solicited by
England. We have both the same means of influencing
NARVAEZ and CHRISTINA, and the same sentiments ! As to
Belgium, which at present is endeavouring to extend her
exchanges of goods, it is very evident that if France
desires a customs' union with that country, England shares
that wish, and endeavours to effect it ! And lastly, this
mutual tenderness appears in particular in what relates
to Algeria ; it is to serve our interests that Gibraltar
furnishes ABD-EL-KADER with all possible assistance ; it
is to prove her kind intentions that England has twice
caused the failure of the treaties with Morocco. Our excel-
lent friend sees that our African possesions cost us much
gold and many men. She regrets the blood that has been
spilt, and the money fruitlessly expended, and she does all
she can to indng us to abandon this territory! Sincere
friendship ought 'to be marked with this severity It is,
however, unfortunate that this severity manifests itself
wherever we have interests to defend, and we defy any one
to show us a point of Europe where the British Cabinet does
not oppose our most legitimate desires for increasing our in-
fluence and commercial development. Need we call to mind
the unworthy disputes about POMARE, the Marquesas, and
New Zealand? If, in fine La Plata be excepted, where
common interests have called forth a community of action,
antagonism is perceptible everywhere, and everywhere at our
expense."
The following are the only other extracts from the papers
of the least interest :

lions the Puthans, a lawless tribe of Affghan origin, who
were harbouring the murderers. He neither delivered up the
homicides, nor expelled the obnoxious tribe, but begged fur
additional time. This, however, could not be granted ; and
it was rumoured at Hyderabad, that on failure of prompt
compliance with the renewed demand of the Resident, the
city was to be bombarded.

" The King came to Paris on Tuesday, and held a Cabinet Coun-
cil, at which Marshal Soult was present.
"M. Mandeville, the Chargé d'Affaires of England at the
Argentine Republic, is in Paris, says one of the journals, and has
had a private audience of M. Guizot.
"The Railroad Commission, of which the Minister of Public
Works is president, has commenced its sittings, for the purpose of
examining the documents which have been sent in by companies
offering themselves for the execution of the Paris and Strasbourg
and Tours and Nantes lines. The result will be made known on
Monday next, being the eve of the day fixed for the adjudication
of these two lines. _ _

" Colonel Voisin, implicated in the landing of Prince Louis Na.
poleon at Boulogne, and who received permission to pass in a
maison de .anti; the imprisonment to which he was condemned,
has just had remitted the remainder of his punishment, and been
set at liberty.
" The Journal du Havre states that the weather at Ha has bese
for two days so bad, that several vessels have been obliged to put
into that port from the damages they have sustained. The Newcastle
collier Alexandrina, in coming in on Monday, got on the low riles
to the south-east of the jetty. Every endeavour was made to wharp
her off, but the cables broke, and she was of necessity left to her
fate after saving the crew. She sank in the night.
The Prague Gazette, in announcing the death of a n LEDE-
KAUKR, an Israelitish merchant, at the age of eeventy-one,
states that about fifty years age) he arrived in that city on
foot without money, but by force of industry and economy
had since acquired a fortune of nearly 6,000,000 f, the greater
part of which he has bequeathed for the encouragement of
the arts and sciences, and commerce and manufactures, and
for the relief of the unfortunate of all nations. About
2,500,000 f. have fallen to the benevolent institutions of the
principal towns of Bohemia.
Another panic in a small way took place on the
Paris Bourse on Wednesday, attributed by some to the
failure 'of two brokers who carried on much
business, and by others to um-avourable news from America,
and by a third party to the belief that several important
lines would be announced for adjudication, and thereby throw
more shares into the market. The fall was chiefly in the
Share Market. After some fluctuation, Northern Shares fell
181/2f. ; Orleans fell 161/2f.; Rouen fell 20f.; Bordeaux fell
10f. ; Havre fell 15f. ; Fampoux fell 151. under par.
The Three per Cents. closed at 82f. 45e.; the Five per
Cents., 117 f. 75c.: the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,140 f. ;
Rouen, 960 f. ; Northern, 707 f. 50c. ; Havre, 760 f. ;
Avignon, 9101. ; Vierzon, 760 f. ; Bordeaux, 612 f. 50c. ;
Boulogne, 525 f. ; Troyes and Montereau, 460 f. ; Basle,
2461. 25c.; Northern, 707 f. 50c.; Spanish Three per Cents.,
39; Ditto, Passives, 6/.
The following are the quotations for other lines:-
Paris and Lyons Railroad (Laffitte), 12f. 50c. premium
ditto (Caton), 2f. 50c.; ditto (Ganneron), 3f.; ditto (Lapin
sonniere), If. • Paris and Strasburg (Ganneron), 51. ;
ditto ( Hinguerlot), 2f. 50c. • ditto, Aymard, 4f. 50c. ; Tours
and Nantes (Mackenzie), gf. ; ditto (Drouillard). 31. ; ditto
(O'Neill), 4f. ; ditto (Lefevre), 3f.; Lyons and Avignon (Ta-
labot), 171. 50c. ; ditto (Lecointe), 21.'50c. ; ditto (Compagnie
Meridionale) par; Bordeaux and Cette (Mackenzie), par;
ditto (Espeleta), 10f.; Creil and St. Quentin (Carette),
31. 50c. ; Dieppe (Sellieres) 490 f.
LYONS, Nov. 17.-Marseilles and Avignon, 940 f.; Paris
and Orleans, 1,140 f. ; Paris and Rouen, 965 f. ; Orleans and
Vierzon, 6801. ; Northern, 721 f. 25c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Nov. 20.
Anglo-Belgian - Mauritius
5e
Boulogne and Amiens.. 91/2 e
Namur and Liege /2
Bordeaux &Mediterran - North Jamaica -
Bordeaux and'foulouse -- Orleans and Vierzon
Do. & Cette (Espeleta) - Orleans and Bordeaux -
Do. (Mackenzie's) .. OverYasel •••
Central of Spain - Paris & Lyons (Laffitte) 21/2
Ceylon. - Ditto (Ganneron's). 31%
Demerara
Dendre Valley ...... 1/2 Ditto (Sud Est)
Dutch Rhenish . 7% Paris and Orleans -
Dieppe & Paris Janet. Paris and Rouen 33
Dijon and Mulhouse ... - Paris and Strasburg
East Indian ........ 2 (Ganneron's)
Fampoux & Hazebrouk - Do. (Aymard'a) -
Grt Northern of France Do. (Compte de L'Est.) -
Constituted l3 Paris and St. Quentin. -
Do. Pepin le Halleur - Rouen and Havre...... -
Great Paris and Lyons - !Royal North of Spain. -
Great Western Bengal - ISambre and Meuse ....
Great Western Canada - 'Strasburg and Basle ... -
Jamaica S. Mid. Junction - Tournay,Jurbise, Lan-
Do. North Midland - dent, and Hasselt... -
Do. Extension
Jersey - (Mackenzie's) 4%
Louvain and Jemeppe.. - De. ( Lefebvre's)..... 2%,3
Lyons and Avignon.... - Do. (O'Neill's)
Luxembourg -
Madrid and Valentia - West Flanders

make this territory a part of their range, we find its present
civilised population to consist of about eight or nine hundred
British subjects, and about half as many thousand ciOzens of
the United States. The bulk of this population, both British and
American, is concentrated around the lower waters of the Co- I
lumbia river, occupying, in its mass, a region not much more
than 100 miles in length, from east to west, and probably not
much more than 50 miles in breadth, from north to south.
The eight or nine hundred men, who compose the British
portion of this people, are all of them understood to be in the
service of the Hudson Bay Company, and are engaged as
hunters, trappers, or factors, in the fur trade. These men
have their principal station—at once a trading post and a
fort, called Fort Vancouver—on the river Columbia, about
eighty miles in a straight line from its mouth. Thei e may
be two or three farms in the possession of these British sub-
jects; but, as a general rule, they live by the fur trade, and
do not till the soil at all. Besides Fort 'Vancouver, the Bay
Company has some twenty other stations in various parts of
the territory. But these are merely fortified stopping places
for hunters and traders, and have each around them a little
nucleus of a community of from three to four to about fifty

to
The American population of Oregon, on the other hand,
numbering probably some feur thousand, is collected in the
valley of the Wallamette river, which flows from the south
into the Columbia, near Fort Vancouver. These Americans
are farmers, graziers, and mechanics. They are a fixed po-
pulation. They live by tilling the soil. These men, having
waited for years in vain for some action by Congress which
should give them a government as American citizens, were,
at the date of the last advicos from them, setting up a pro-
visional government for themselves, after the American
fashion, and dividing out their new homestead into towns
and counties, such as they had left in the United States.
Such being practically the present political condition of the
American farmers in Oregon, under the treaty stipulation of
1818, how is it with the British hunters and trappers of the
same region? The answer may 1-s' given in a few words.
These few hundred British subjects in the service of the Hud-
son Bay Company, govern by their laws, enforced either in
the courts of Canada, or by judicial officers of the Com-
pany on the spot, every inch of the whole territory
of Oregon, save the few square miles actually under
tillage by the Americans. Nor is this all. These
servants of the Company have entirely monopolised,
for some twenty years past, the whole of the most lucra-
tive occupations in Oregon—fur-hunting and fur-trading.
They have driven every American citizen out of the business.
Let an American trapper or hunter appear anywhere in the
territory, and instantly two or three agents of the company
establish themselves by his side furnished amply with specie
and merchandise, to outbid him for furs, to call in Indian or
white competition, and so break up his business. The indivi-
dual cannot stand against the organised and powerful com-
pany, His business is broken up, and hees to farming in;
the valley of IVallamette. This is now flqgp regular course of
things. This is practically the common use and enjoy-
ment of Oregon stipulated by the treaty—this, viz., the
entire monopoly of the great fur trade there by one f the
parties, added to the exclusive government by the same
party of the whole of the soil of that vast territory, save
only the farms which some four thousand Americans are
tilling with their own hands. As early as 1828 the Hudson
Bay Company had found their trade under these circum-
stances quite thriving. The proceeds of their trade for that
year were, in round numbers 900,000 dollars. Their shares
then stood 140 per cent. above par.
Our readers will remember that when the Bill to extend a
territorial Governmont over Oregon was before Congress last
session, its opponents protested against it, because, as they
alleged,'it violated the stipulation of 1818. How comes it, then,
that the other party to that stipulation—admitting itself to
be as Great Britain has, time after time, admitted, and now
admits herself to be, the party out of possession, pending the
negotiations—how conies it, then, that this other disseized
party, at this moment, has eestended its laws in full force over
the whole unoccupied territory? The mechanism by which
this trick of political legerdemain has been played off, is
at once very ingenious and thoroughly English. The British
Cabinet has practised the manoeuvre in Asia, till now it has
become wonderfully adroit. It is simply the Great East
Indian juggle tried over again in the West. The
apparatus, machinery, and fixtures, are just alike in the
two cases. A great trading corporation, wielding millions
of capital—with power to pass laws ; to maintain a
civil establishment ; to maintain a military establish-
ment ; to collect revenue ; to hoist a flag of its own
—not the Queen's flag ; to build forts; to keep six or
eight armed vessels on the coast; to possess territory—
all in the way of trade, of course, and to do all this under
the eye of the British Parliament, acting for itself when
Parliament chooses to disavow the responsibility of its
acts ; acting for Parliament just when Parliament
chooses to accept that responsibility—in one word, a
great Empire Corporation in fact, with power to
change itself, at the waving of the Minister's wand
(" Presto," as the jugglers have it) into a most de-
mure, simple, harmless partnership of painstaking indi-
viduals trying to turn an honest penny in the way of the
fur trade. This is the mechanism by which the miracle
is easily wrought. In the time of the " merrie monarch'
—easy King Charles—English policy amused itself with
building two of these magnificent playthings—one for the
east, which it called the East India Company ; ono for the
west, which it called the Company of Hudson's Bay. How
the oae has worked in the east, the world knows pretty well.
The other, in the west, has not long since been put in fine
order, by uniting itself
~with its rival, the North-West Com-
pany. Does this country—does Congress—wish to know
how it will work in the west, in Oregon, if we only sit quietly
by it as spectators,t and let it alone ? The problem is easily
solved. We have only to turn to the lives of Robert Clive
and of Warren Hastings, and ' read the pages which tell of
their doings in Madras and Bombay 1
The following is the latest from Texas :—This new State
is quiet ; our troops there have become completely Texan-
ised ; the.vote on the annexation question and to adopt the
new constitution, polled on the 13th ult., was almost una-
nimous; the preparations for the election of State officers in
December are active; the American feeling is powerful in
all parts of the State, and the anti-annexationists are in bad
odour Emigration was large, and increasing both from the
United States and Europe ; the culture of cotton and sugar
were becoming the wealth of the land. Texas, in a word
has already become a Large and growing state.
f

The Great Western signalled the following vessels during
the course of her passage :
Nov. 6.—At 4.50, P.M., exchanged colours with-a Bremen
barque, with 145 on white flag, entering New York harbour.
Nov. 7.—At 4.50, Ext., in lat. 40.30, north long. 69.50
west, exchanged colours with the'American ship Susquehanna,
bound to the westward; all well on board.
Nov. 14.—At 4.30, A.M., in lat. 43.18, north long. 41.20
west, passed and exchanged cheers with the royal mail
steam-ship Acadia, bound to the westward.
Nov. 20.—At 9, A.M., off the Tuskar, exchanged colours
with the British ship Lucy Wright, standing to the S.W.
Nov. 20.—• At 10.30, A.m., passed and exchanged colours
with the royal mail steamer Cambria, outward bound.

LATEST COMMERCIAL.—NEW YORK, Nor. 6.

The cotton market is dull.

State stocks have a rather downward tendency.
The all-important movement is in the corn market, of
which the following is a summary of occurrences :
Since our last the flour market has been quite inactive, and
transactions limited—holders asking the recent advanced
rates, and buyers not disposed to purchase, except at a re-
duction. Yesterday, sellers not so firm in their demands,
but offered good brands of Genesee at 6 dollars 12i cents.
Some lots taken at that, but buyers demand a further re-
duction, and under our present large receipts are likely to
obtain it. Wheat, according to quality, at 125 dol. 30 c.
The advices of the Great Western caused an advance in
prices in-Boston. The latter accounts by the Caledonia pro-
duced another improvement. The reports of that market on
the sth inst. says :—We notice sales at the close of 1,000
barrels Geneses at 6 dollars 25 cents., and holders quite firm.
Prices of Southern are unsettled. Salesof George-town pre-
vious to the steamer's arrival at 5 dollars 75 cents. to 5 dol-
lars 87 cents, and since at 6 dollars; 1,000 barrels ditto, Hope
Mills, taken for export, 7 dollars.
The news from abroad affected the Albany, in common
with all other markets. To the sth inst. flour had advanced
fully 50 cents per barrel. Sales were made " Chamberlain"
at 5 dollars 874 cents, " Safford" at 6 dollars, and some
mixed brands of Ohio and Michigan at 5 dollars 874 cents.
The range was 5 dollars 81 cents to 6 dollars. Barley was a
little better.
The Buffalo market on the 4th inst. was firm. Holders of
good brands of flour were unwilling to sell under 4 dollars 44
cents., and buyers generally were not disposed to offer over 4
dollars 37i cents. Sales of Michigan at 4 dollars 44 cents.,
and Ohio at 4 dollars 374 cents. In wheat there was no dis-
position to operate at present prices, although both the upper
and lower elevators were nearly filled.
Our intelligence from Ohio is favourable for the next crop
of wheat. If no untoward event prevents, it will be as great
as in any former year.
The increase in the shipments of flour from the interior to
the Atlantic, sea board, has lately been very great. There
were shipped from Rochester from the opening of navigation
to Nov. 1, the following quantities :
Bls. Flour. Bush. Wheat.
1845 416,238 ... 917,046
1844

Increase 91,661 196,625
The greater part of the increase has been since the intelli
geece of short crops in England was received. That intelli
gence gave an impulse to the trade in the interior almost un
paralleled.

his forthcoming message takes such a stand with regard
to Oregon as is now foreshadowed by his intimate
counsellors, and is sustained in it with anything more than
words by Congress. The actual commencement of hostili-
ties must be more distant—we hope, far less probable—but
the downward road is proverbially an easy one, and if
the two nations once begin bullying, presuming on the
forbearance of each other, who shall ensure a peaceful
end of it? The nonsense which is habitually inflicted
on an enduring public with regard to this matter would
be sufficiently absurd to amuse if it were not crifhinal
and perilous. Just think a our Tammany and kindred re-
selves that every foot of Oregon up to 54 deg. 40 min. belongs
to us, and shall be maintained by the sword if necessary,
when not one-tenth of these who yell "Ay" to the sentiment
have ever examined the evidence or taken any pains to
form an impartial judgment in the premises. It is by
such yells as these, with corresponding abuse of " Fo-
reigners," " British," &c., that nations are plunged into
the state of wholesale murder, universal destruction,
and unimaginable misery, known as war. That a
vast majority of our people are averse to a war for the
insignificant territory actually in dispute, we do not believe ;
but a good part of this majority prefer to sit in their slippers
and easy chairs, and let public opinion be formed and di-
n sted mainly by Captain Rynders and gentlemen of his class.
The former are only dragged forward in season to foot the

Bill. That the evil we apprehend may yet be prevented by
patriotism and firmness on the part of the more enlightended
and virtuous portion of our citizens, we do indeed believe;
but will it be? Judging from the result of our city election
we should say not, decidedly. Let us all act for the best,
and we may then fairly hope for it.

COPPER AT THE WEST.—It appears by the accounts from
Detroit, that the copper operations in the vicinity of Lake
Superior have ceased. It is supposed that the operators
have not met with their anticipated success. It is perhaps
unfortunate for those who have invested their money in this
sort of speculation, that the work of " getting out ere" should
have so suddenly stopped. We shall soon see, however,
what effect this movement will have upon the value of the
copper stocks in market.—New York Herald.
AMERICAN ICE TRADE.—The Shipping List gives the
following account of the ice trade from this Fort the past
year : Tons.
To Hong-Kong
Calcutta .... 540
Port Spain
Rio Janeiro
St. Thomas
Demerara
New Orleans ... 1,630
Charleston
New York

Total for October
Previous four months ......

Total for five months 13,733
•Boston Journal, Nov. 5.

CROPS IN TEXAS.

The New Orleans Delta condenses the news of the state of
the crops in Texas as follows :
CORN Cnor.—The corn crop in the Red River and north-
ern counties has been greatly injured by the drought. The
editor of the Northern Standard mentions that the neigh-
bourhood of Clarksville is the only section of the Red River
counties where there will be much corn for sale. He states,
also, the corn in the Choctaw Nation is burnt up. Fortu•
nately for the people of that section, the crop of potatoes will
be very abundant.
CoTrox CROP.—The severe drought that prevailed during
nearly the whole of the month of July and August, through-
out the western and middle counties of Texas, has materially
injured the cotton crop. Along the whole line of the Colo-
rado, from Columbia to Austin, it is estimated, says the
Houston Telegraph, that the crop will fall short nearly one-

half. Of the Brazos above San Felipe, the planters will
scarcely make more than two-thirds of an average crop; and
on the Trinity the crep is as light as on the Colorado. In
the eastern counties the crop is said to be better than it is in
any of the counties west of the Trinity. It is probable that
the whole crop of Texas will scarcely exceed ninety thou-
sand bales. Last year it was estimated at over one hundred
thousand bales. _

There were shipped from Houston, from September 1,
1844, to August 31, 1845, eleven thousand three hundred and
fifty-nine bales of cotton.

(From the Neui Orleans Courier of October 25.)
FROM HAVANNAIL—The brig Empresario, Captain Col-
lins, arrived here this morning from Havannah. The Vera
Cruz steamer arrived at Havannah on the 6th, but brought
no newspapers. The Picayune publishes a letter dated Vera
Cruz, October 18, stating that there are four American cor-
vettes and two brigs at Sacrificios, and a steamer in sight,
supposed to be the Mississippi. The letter says they are in
constant expectation at Vera Cruz of a brush on the Rio
Grande, which we know to be impossible. The Mexican
Government (says the letter) has no means for carrying on a
war; they Lave got into difficulties with the French Minis-
ter, and now they are about to do the came thing with the
English. The house of Manning, M'lntush, and Co., bought
the coinage at the mint of Guanajuato for a certain period,
from Santa Anna, advancing the money on the contract;
and now the Mexicans want to annul it, on the plea that
Santa Anna's Government was only provisional. The Eng-
lish Minister has informed the Government that they must
respect that contract, and all others made with English
subjects.
There was a disturbance in the city of Mexico on the 6th
instant—a plot to seize the conducta, and to play some sort
of a game with the names of Gomez Farias, Canalizo, and
Santa Anna ; but it was discovered and prevented.
There must be a revolution, ere long, in Mexico; there is
so much corruption in the Government, and barbarism in the
people, that things cannot remain as they are.
TOW-BOAT EXPLOSION.—LAMENTABLE LOSS OF LIFE.—
The tow-boat Persian, Captain Riddle, from:the Passes, with
ships Thomas B. Wales and Tyrian in tow, burst her two
starboard boilers, while under way, about half-past eight '
o'clock yesterday morning, two miles below the city, scald
ing five and killing three persons, of whom the following is
a list :—C, Crowley, first engineer, dangerously scalded ;
George Clinton, mate, slightly scalded; Mr. Wagner, car-
penter, ditto; J. Arnold, pilot, ditto; Mr. Wood, steersman,
ditto ; Patrick Donahoo, fireman, died on board the tow-boat
Claiborne after reaching the city; two others, whose names
we could not ascertain, died a short time after the accident.
Captain Riddle and the second engineer escaped uninjured.
The Persian had her boiler-deck carried away from the cabin
forward, with both chimneys and pilot-house; the pilot and
steersman were in the pilot-house at the time, and both
escaped with slight injury. A piece of one of the boilers
passed up through the cabin and hurricane deck. The tow-
boat Hercules brought up the wreek, the Claiborne the killed
and wounded.—N. 0. Delta, Oct. 25.
FROM THE BAY OF ARANSAB.—The United States trans-
port steam-boat Monmouth, Captain Baker, arrived here yes-
terday from Aransas Bay. She left there on the 16th inst.
The army at Corpus Christi was in pretty good health, ex-
cept that few cases of dysentery had occnrred. Three hun-
dred Mexicans ventured within fifty miles of Corpus Christi
a few days since in pursuit of a body of Camanches, which
had been committing depredations on the settlements. The
commander of the Mexicans, being an old acquaintance of
Col. Kinney, sent word to him that he should have called to
see him, but was fearful he might be censured. The Mon-
mouth met the steam-ship New York on the 20th inst., at
nine o'clock, A.M., about thirty miles east of Galveston.—N. 0.
Pic., 25th Oct.
AIDING THE ESCAPE OF SLAVES.—The St. Louis Repub-
lican of Oct. 25th says :—" Last evening, a white man by
the name of 1,1 illiam Fislar, who says he lives in Lincoln
County, Mo., and an old free negro man called Richmond,
who has been living here a long time, were caught by Capt.
M‘Donough, just as they were pushing off in a skiff with a
slave belonging to Mr. Curie, which they were about to con-
vey to Illinois. Two other negroes, supposed to be slaves,
were on the shore, evidently waiting to be conveyed across,
but on seeing the others arrested, took to their heels and
escaped."