The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-22 00:00:00

LAMBETH-STREET

Yesterday, William Duvall, late a second mate on
board the brig Prince Oscar, and who has been in
custody for a fortnight on a charge of " gouging"
ab:fordse Mr.ever Henry.ely
injuring his captain, was again brought
On the last examination the prisoner was remanded
upon the understanding that if the prosecutor was not
able to proceed with his ship, which was chartered for
an outward bound voyage in a fortnight, he should
return to town and prosecute. Yesterday, being the
day to which the prisoner had been remanded, the
chief clerk received a letter from Captain Lawrence,
of which the following is a copy

" Ogle Tavern, South Shields, Oct. 19, 1844.
" Sir,—ln accordance with the request of the ma-
gistrate, I beg to inform you that I still remain in a
state of great indisposition, and now that I have got
home am incapable of leaving my house, owing to an
attack of fever, occasioned by my former treatment;
but I hope by the time my ship is ready I shall be
able to go the voyage in her, and as I find it will be
impossible to appear against the prisoner Duvall, I
trust that the magistrate will punish him to the ut-
most of his power.—Remaining, dear Sir, your obe-
dient servant,
JAMES HUTCHINSON LAWSON,
"Captain Prince Oscar.
"To the Chief Clerk, Lambeth street Police-court."

The letter enclosed the following certificate of a
medical gentleman :
" South Shield•, Oct. 19, 1844.
" I certify that I am attending Mr. J. H. Lawson,
who, in consequence of sore throat and general fever,
is incapable of leaving his house.
" WM. KING EDDOWES, Surgeon."
Mr. HENRY observed that from the appearance of
Captain Lawson when before him, and his present
condition, he thought it very improbable that he
would be able to proceed with his ship, and while
there was the slightest hope of his remaining to
prosecute, he should not part with the prisoner. Cap-
tain Lawson, besides the dreadful suffering which he
must have endured by the prisoner's savage attack,
had been put to such inconvenience that he (Mr.
Henry) felt great reluctance in depriving him of
proceeding with his vessel, as such proceeding would
lead, in addition, to a serious pecuniary loss, and
therefore he was reluctant to compel him to attend
and prosecute ; but while there was a hop 6 of his
remaining, he would not dispose of the case.
Mr. HENRY again remanded the prisoner, and
directed the chief clerk to write to Captain Lawson
to apprise him of the fact, and request that the cap-
tain would communicate, when the time arrived,
whether he should proceed with his vessel on her
voyage or not.
Mr. henry received from " C. 0. Hastings," a
letter, enclosing a post-office order for ten shillings
for Mr. Cormack, one of the poor men who had ap-
plied to him some days before on the subject of the
claims of the unfortunate members of the Legion on
the Spanish Government.
WORSHIP -STI?EE.T....

The Baron lie hausen,lheSwedish Minister, sat on
the bench yesterday with Mr. Broughton, the pre-
siding magistrate, and appeared to take a lively in-
terest in the proceedings.
Alfred Edwards, a young man describing himself
as " a pickle manufacturer," who has been many
times examined, was placed at the bar for final exa-
mination before Mr. Broughton, upon a charge of
having poisoned Jane Gregory, a young woman of
loose character, with whom he had been fur some
time past intimately connected.
There had been a little quarrel between them, but
on the occasion out of which the present charge origi-
nated the prisoner visited the deceased at her lodgings
in Spitalfields, and a reconciliation appeared to have
taken place, and in the course of that evening the
deceased drank several times from a bottle containing
what was said to be " brandy and bitten," given to
her at the time by the prisoner. She was afterwards
exceedingly sick, and continued so until the following
morning, when she died with the symptoms of poison,
having repeatedly, and with her dying-breath, de-
clared to every one that her illness was occasioned
solely by the liquid which " Alf," the prisoner, had
given her. Mr. Smith, who was called to her just
before her death, and afterwards made the post mortem
examination, found the stomach so inflamed in
patches, as convinced him that death had been caused
by some acid poison. Mr. Leeson, lecturer on che-
mistry at St. Thomas's Hospital, to whom the
various substances were transmitted for the purpose
of analysis, obtained from the coats of the stomach a
precipitate which yielded a globule of pure lead
weighing four grains, and had no doubt that a con-
siderable quantity of some preparation of lead had
been swallowed and probably ejected from the stomach
" during the deceased's mortal sickness. The liquid
in the bottle, however, did not contain any lead, but
was found to consist in great part of the strongest
spirit, almost pure alcohol, with an infusion of bitter
herbs, flavoured with bitter almonds or kernels. In
the stomach a slight odour of hydrocyanic (prussic)
acid was detected, arising no doubt from the flavour.
ing of bitter almonds, from which it is abundantly
obtained. At the prisoner's residence Sergeant Lam-
bert found a paper, marked "Poison," containing a
quantity of sugar of lead, and another paper contain-
ing a white powder, which Dr. Leeson said was what
is called white precipitate, used sometimes for clean-
ing plate, &c., but decidedly poisonous.
The Coroner's jury returned a verdict of " Wilful
murder" against the prisoner more than a fortnight
since, and the Coroner's warrant was of course issued
for his committal to Newgate upon that charge, but
the evidence appeared to be very unsatisfactory, and
at length it was suggested that the body, which had
been buried immediately after the inquest, should be
exhumed and further examined.
On Friday last it
was accordingly taken from the grave, and such of
itnhethveiscperreasenaes
ewoefret hreecicuhirurecclh churchwardens, removed from it
the police, and
other witnesses, the remains were again committed
to the earth.
-

After a good deal of evidence Mr. BROUGHTON in-
formed the prisoner that he would be committed to
Newgate to take his trial, and the witnesses were
bound over to prosecute.
The prisoner, who appeared very dejected, and
looked as if he had wept a great deal, said he would
reserve his defence until the trial.

DREADFUL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—BIRMINGHAM,
named William
Ocr.
Westley, 0A very
now
lies
riens pt
he cetaGbel en
eyroaul tapint,ai
in this town,
in a most awfully mutilated state, occasioned by an acci-
dent which happened to him on Tuesday last, on the
Birmingham and Gloucester Railway. It appears that
Mr. Westley was a pupil to Mr. Baylis, civil engineer to
the above company. On the Tuesday morning, he had
occasion to come from the Camp-hill station to the ter-
minus on the Derby line to attend his office in Lavvley-
street, and for that purpose he got on an engine with the
driver, and started off at an ordinary pace. On arriving,
however, at the ticket platform, within half a mile of
this town, the unfortunate gentleman caught hold of the
engine railing, and was in the act of leaping down, when
the propelling wheel caught him by the right leg and
thigh, and swung him round several times, crushing his
limb in the most frightful manner between the platform
and the engine. The driver, on beholding Mr. Westley
in this terrible situation, became literally paralysed, and
tried to stop the engine, but could not until the wheels
had passed over Mr. Westley's left leg, and nearly
severed it from his body. On the unhappy man being
extricated from the wheels, he was conveyed to the
landing, and immediately attended by Mr. Pryce, sur-
geon, who rendered every assistance in his power, but
the injuries were found to be so extensive as to render
his removal to the hospital necesssary. On his arrival
there, the principal surgeons were sent for, and it was
decided that amputation of both legs should immediately
take place, and the melancholy operation was performed.
Mr. Westley is only twenty-one years of age, highly
esteemed, and most respectably connected. His family
resides at Queen's Cross, Dudley.
FATAL AFFRAY BETWEEN A BROTHER AND SISTER.

—Yesterday, Mr. William Baker, Deputy Coroner, re-
sumed and concluded an inquiry at the Black Bull,
Haggerstone, touching the death of Thomas Lynes,
otherwise Lyons, aged 44 years, who, it was alleged,
had come by his death in consequence of maltreatment,
and the receiving of some violent blows from his own
sister. A report of the case has already been detailed
in our Worship-street police intelligence. It will be
in the recollection of our readers that it was alleged
that the death of deceased was caused by the ac-
cused, Elizabeth Marshall, striking him repeated blows
upon the head with her fist. Two of her sons swore they
were present during the whole of the affray, and saw no
blows struck. Mr. Pickering, surgeon, who had been
ordered by the coroner to make a post mortam examina-
tion, said deceased was labouring under epileptic fits,
and, in his opinion, death had been caused by maltreat-
ment and fright. Mr. Coward, another surgeon, who as-
sisted at the post mortem examination, corroborated the
last witness in all the material points. The blow on the
right eyo was not sufficient to cause death: but excite-
ment or other causes might have produced it. The Co-
roner summed up the evidence, and explained the law of
the case, and the jury, after some deliberation, returned
the following verdict:—" That deceased, Thomas Lynes,
died from epilepsy, brought on by previous excitement."
OPENING OF Coßrinux.—The wooden pavement,
which has been in progress some weeks in Cornhill, will
be finished this day, a junction thus being formed with
the wooden pavement at the east end of the street. The
thoroughfare will be, to-morrow, opened for the passage
of vehicles.

A gentleman, just returned from Sydney, in a
letter to one of his friends, says that, during his short
stay there, he twice saw Archibald Bolan. He describes
him as being employed as a superintendent of the trans-
mission of clothes to and from a Government washing
establishment in the Vicinity of the town.—Newcastk
Journal

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.
NORTIitIiN RAILWAYS.—COMPETING LINES.—A
meeting on this subject was held in the town of Mo-
naghan on Wednesay. The Northern Whig says—
"The object of the meeting was to receive and con-
sider a report of a deputation who lately visited this
town, with reference to an extension of the Ulster
Railway line to Monaghan and Clones, and who
afterwards visited Newry, to consult about a railway
from that town, to join the proposed Dundalk and
Enniskillen line. The deputation made their report,
which we publish. Their visit to Belfast is repre-
sented to have been satisfactory ; but circumstances,
stated by them, necessarily rendered their visit to
Newry unavailing. The report having been read, no
farther attention seems to have been paid 'to it. A
deputation from the parties concerned in getting ti
line from Dundalk to Enniskillen, attended -;,and. the
discussion was applied to this—whether the people of
Monaghan would give their approval and support to
the Dundalk and Enniskillen project. 'The frien,ls cif
that plan appear to have formed by much thO more
numerous portion of those who attended the meeting;
but, though a motion was proposed, in favour of the
plan, and an amendment against it, and though both
were put from the chair, and the 'ayes' taken on
both, the 'noes' were not called for, on either side ;
and the meeting broke up, after as the report has it,
doing nothing."
RAILWAY FROM EDINBURGH TO CARLISLE.—There
is no doubt that a railway from the metropolis of
Scotland to Carlisle, passing near to the flourishing
manufacturing towns of Galashiels and Hawick, will
ere long be formed. We understand that his Grace
the Duke of Buccleuch and Sir James Grahath are
taking a deep interest in this great leading line,
which cannot fail to be of incalculable advantage to
the abovementioned places.—Kelso Chronicle.
NEWPORT, NANTY6I.O, AND BLABNAYON RAILWAY.
—On Wednesday last, a LL-nutation frOm the provi-
sional committee, attended by soliCitor of: Lord
Abergavenny, and directors of the 13,'Itish Iron and
Blaenafon Company, had an interview vb,-;qh Lord
Dalhousie and General Pasley, at the office of the
Board of Trade, and were, we hear, most favourably
received. Mr. Blewitt, M.P., the chairman of the

committee, at the conclusion of the interview, pre-
sented to Lord Dalhousie a pap* he had written, and
had caused to be printed, explanatory of the district,
and of all circumstances connected with the proposed
railway, for which Lord Dalhousie expressed his
thanks to Mr. Blewett, and promised that it should
have his attentive perusal. Lord Dalhousie said that
the interference of the Board of Trade in matters of
this nature, was regulated solely by "public con-
siderations ;" and that it was no part of his duty to
enter into questions of "private interest."—Mon-
mouthshire Merlin.
LONDONDERRY AND ENNISKILLEN RAILWAY.
A:tatters have proceeded so favourably with the pro-
jectors of this undertaking that their most sanguine
expectations have been more than realised, as far as
they can be so during the earlier stages of their
negotiations. The whole amount of shares contem-
plated by the Committee as sufficient have been al-
readystholadt,thatfor
double
uauniud b
er.t applications
is
statedhave
ub been
authorityinade
the whole number of shares could have been disposed
of in Manchester alone. We trust that, now that the
chief difficulty has been overcome, no obstruction will
be thrown in the wav of the Committee by the pro-
prietors of the land through which the railway will
pass, but that the Act, for which all necessary mea-
sures are being taken, will be obtained without diffi-
culty or delay, so that the works may proceed as early
as possible.—Derry Standard.
WATERFORD AND LIMERICK RAILWAY.—On
Wednesday last a meeting of the provisional commit-
tee of this undertaking was held in Waterford, and it
has never been our lot to witness one of so influential
a character. It would appear that the whole landed
and commercial interests of the south-east of Ireland
have taken up the project with enthusiasm. Amongst
the persons present, representing the different districts,
were the Lords Besberough, Glengall, Huntingdon,
Carew, and Duncannon ; Sir H. Winston Baron,
M.P., and Mr. Wyse, M.P.; Sir B. Morris, Wall;
Messrs. Meagher, Millward, Strangman, J., J., and
Robert Malcomson, Newport, Lalor (Cregg), Sar-
gint, Riall, Fennell, Shaw, Davis, Denny, Sweetman,
Jacob, Tandy, Mortimer, Walpole, E. Power,
White, Power of Mount Richard, &c. Lords Bes-
borough and Glengall, and the Messrs. Strangman
and Malcolinson, were deputed to confer with Mr.
Vignolles, the engineer of the Company, respecting
the various preliminaries necessary to be adopted for
immediately carrying out the enterprise—which being
done, and reported to the Mayor of Waterford, who
tilled the chair, the Committee took the matter into
consideration, and unanimously decided that Mr.
Vignolles should proceed to complete the survey, and
that he and Messrs. Mortimer and Tandy should have
all the parliamentary steps finished by the 30th of
November, according to the standing orders of the
Houses of Parliament, which they reported to be per-
fectly within their power. The general business of
the Company was then proceeded with, and the pro-
spectus, which was unanimously approved of, ordered
to be issued forthwith. All the above noblemen and
gentlemen are shareholders, some to a considerable
extent. About 5,000 shares are already taken by
residents along the line only, and deposits paid—con-
sequently this main truck line, which will confer
such benefits on the south of Ireland, is now certain
of being completed with the utmost dispatch, and we
sincerely wish it success in every shape. The Com-
pany meet the Directors of the Great Western Rail-
way at Wexford on the 19th, to carry out simulta-
neously the great plans they have in view.—Dublin
Evening Post.
EYE, OCT. 18.—The railway meeting held in the
Town-hall, Eye, for promoting a railway from Ips-
wich to Norwich, for having the line run close to the
town, and to have a first-rate station at Eye, for the
accommodation of the public in this district, was most
numerously and respectably attended by many owners
and occupiers of land in the vicinity of Eye, as well
as by a great majority of the clergy, gentry, profes-
sional men from Ipswich, Norwich, Beccles, Hades-
ton, Diss, &c. We observed Lord Henniker, E.
Kerrison, Esq., Rev. Drs. Chevalier, Creed,
Kershaw, Ashfield, and A. Cooper ; Messrs. T.
Utton, T. French, E. Chenery, W. Edwards, Cream,
Robert Prettyman, W. Lawton, B. Cotten, R. Wallis,
Ellis Gowing (Mayor of Eye), Edward Gowing, G.
Sherman, Samuel Peck, James Gooderham, Robert
Todd, Henry Wells, H. Case, James Moore, S. Ash-
ford, Hazard, Etheridge, R. Tacon, Bohun, and Wil-
kerson, Beccles ; J. Tuck and Beckwith, Norwich ;
Rodwellrobbold, Josselyn, Allen, Ransome, &c., Ips-
wich; Heffell and Norton, Brooks, Cupis, Farrow, sen.,
kc., Diss ; and Beedy and Co. from the Brandon Com-
pany. Lord Henniker was called to the chair. Sir E.
Kerrison being unwell could not attend the meeting.
The Noble Lord, in opening the proceedings, merely
stated the object of the meeting from the advertise-
ment which had appeared in the Suffolk papers, and
said, that as a Member of Parliament, and one also
of the Committee when the Eastern Railroad Com-
pany applied for a Bill to make a railroad from
London to Norwich, he gave the Bill his utmost sup-
port, but that road got no further than Colchester.
Of late it was extending to Ipswich. As to the dif-
ferent roads he would not pledge himself to any, but
would be very glad to give his attention to obtain a
railroad into this part of the county. As it was to
pass through Eye, he considered that town a proper
place for a first-rate station for the accommodation
of the surrounding neighbourhood, and he would
support it. After some resolutions were carried
in behalf of the line to Eye, and a first-rate station,
J. C. Cobbold, Esq., rose to move a vote of
thanks to his Lordship for his kindness in pre-
siding on this occasion, which brought up Mr.
Nurse, stationer, of Eye, stating, as the deputation of
gentlemen were present from Ipswich, he, in behalf
of himself and the inhabitants of Eye, expected to
have heard, or that they would now state their inten-
tions, if they were supported in this interest, and if
Eye was to have a station. He also had a resolution
to propose, in conjunction with the gentlemen of
Beccles. They were desirous of having and pro-
moting a branch railroad from Eye to Harleston,
Bungay, Beccles, and Yarmouth. This resolution,
after some little opposition, was carried. Mr. Wil-
kerson, from Beccles, stated he had authority from all
the landowners of Bec .les, including Shafto Adair,
&c.; they had no objection to a road passing through
their property. He could als ) assert with truth, he
could in one fortnight be prepared with all the
money to make this road from Eye to Beccles,
and thence to Yarmouth. Mr. Bidder then rose,
and, in a clever and clear speech, showed toe
advantages of having a branch road from
Attleborough, from the Brandon Road to Diss,
there to have a station, thence to Eye and a station
Colchester.
nyoplolte;pcmotirhtenophhaebfaesadrtanvoretyetormi
oo..aandLhl ToTitaonhfvhnheeedeity.syhowwepn v
toamh,
would
ralpe
majority
owephr
sriisaitctelavayaili.
oortfnegtoHdhotaNethett
eooCaaErlsogewl
asserted
emt pththaoaependapdymnaiaytDoNr
svwlnaitieseaasarsyis.
also, thence to Gisling'ham, Stowmarket, and direct
tcpirdthroeaenemantpracticable and impossible for the Eastern Com-
st Amei lomernn.
bt
aCI
Lordship
et ondEbn. Cobbold diharihnsol
led aokal s
sisnnnodddn statedantttheisins
e the e
getting opinions
the o f the East-
ernrailroad
Diss,w a
s whichmeeting,th e then moved,
afterseemedmo vheda to
gn
dmb
been
is
ne Ai
into
tvti
ooi
broke
at
Ete
yopsefi thanks,r aETn.dhinKerrison
agerteornitshloeins
gentle-
men o
linenCenl
opeondi
of Ipswich
condition
anTbdhoi
tue toinn threeetweht
were
rnt
ehgi hours.
thenu
informedcrast.
and Mr. Kerrison were favourable to the Eastern
first-
rate station made there.—Suffolk Chronicle.
DORCHESTER RAILWAY.—The Board of Trade
having given their sanction, it is now understood that
a railway will be constructed as scan as the Bill can
pass through the Legislature, from Southampton to
Dorshester, terminating there in Fordington Field, at
a point between the Amphitheatre and the milestone

on the Weymouth-road; and that another railway
will also be formed, commencing at the Bristol and
Exeter line between Taunton and Bridgewater to
Yeovil, from thence by Maiden Newton to Dorches-
ter and Weymouth. The station at Dorchester being
intended to be made in Fordington Field, at the ter-
minus of the Southampton and Dorchester Railway.
—Somerset County Gazette.
NEW RAILWAYS. A London correspondent,
writing under the date of Wednesday, says—" On
account of the great number of railways brought for-
ward. in Ireland, the Board of Trade, I understand,
will recommend that a Commission, similar to that of
the late Mr. Drummond's, should be issued, to in-
quire and report upon the various rival lines. The
late Act gave to the Board of Trade a veto upon all
new lines, but the number is now so unprecedented
is all parts of the empire, and there are so many con-
fiiOting lines, that the Board consider they would be
ts unable to deal with the subject satisfactorily
wahout some such assistance as a Commission in Ire-
laill—Dublin Mercantile Advertiser.
4WEST CORNWALL RAILWAY.—On Wednesday last,
a fitiblie meeting was held in the Guildhall, St. Ives,
tcipasider the propriety of applying to the West
Cotnyvall Railway Company to extend a branch of
thrii). railway to that town. John Chellew, Esq.,
was in the chair, and W. T. Praed, Esq., M.P.
with aiost of the influential gentlemen and merchants,
attedaed the meeting. Several resolutions were en-
,into, and a deputation was appointed to wait °li-
the Ctommittee to carry the measure into effect.—
Debcdport Independent.
'PORTOBELLO—NORTH BRITISH RAILWAY.—This
rairway has been begun in several places near the
town"; and considerable activity is shown in getting on
with_the work. Already are the side walls well up
of K service bridge at the Black Roads, at Joppa,
under-. which the railway passes about eight feet
belovthe level, and the embanking of the road to a
sufficient height is considerably advanced, as well as
the cuttings through the adjoining field. The rail-
way passes close to the top of Brighton Place, over a
bridge cutting off a part of the boundary wall there.
—Scotsman.

FRENCH RAILWAYS.
(From the Constitutionnel, Oct. 17.)
The promises of shares in the Orleans, Bordeaux,
and Vierzon Railways continue to sell at high pre-
miums, and the line from Amiens to Boulogne
adjudicated yesterday to the Laffittes' Company for
98 years and 11 months, has already taken a respect-
able position on the Bourse. We know not if it is
the agens de change who charge themselves with the
negotiation of these titles in partibus. One thing is
certain, that the transfers are so managed, that a
great deal of money is made by one party to-day,
which will be lost by the other party to-morrow.
These promises of shares are in a great measure in
the hands of the baners, who make their profit out of
them. Much care is taken not to throw too many
shares on the market at a time, in order not to lower
the premium, but just in proportion to the demand.
Nevertheless, we can affirm that certain speculators
have made enormous sums, although ti,,e gambling is
almost restricted to three lines, whose capita: does not
exceed one hundred millions of francs.
But what will it be when the railways from Paris
to Strasburgh, Paris to Lyons, Lyons to Avignon;
Tours to Nantes, Paris to Chartres, and many others,
are granted ? The carrying out of these lines will
put a capital of 500 millions of francs in circulation.
If to these lines be added those from Paris to Havre,
from Paris to Orleans, and some inferior lines, the
whole number of shares in railways will represent a
capital of about 700 millions, without including the
sums which the State and the departments shall invest
in them. It is on this enormous amount that jobbing
will be effected. It is to be remarked that the
jobbing takes place before the capital is realised,
before even the concession of the line is obtained.
For example, in the line from Paris to Lyons, many
Companies have circulated promises of shares, which
are negotiated at a premium ' • the same thing occurred
in the Strasburgh line, and it is known that con-
siderable profits were realised at one time upon these
bits of paper.
Railways, like the funds, like merchandise, are the
object of bona fide transactions, or bargains for time.
The second are always of more importioce than the
first. Ask the stock-brokers, the commercial brokers,
and they will tell you they gain a great deal by
transfers and deliveries ; suppress gambling, and you
will take away from these intermediate parties the
two-thirds of their profits. By increasing the number
of promises of shares in railways you, on the contrary,
create new elements for this fatal passion. Bargains
for time require but very little capital—a blank con-
cession to the negotiator, and often but little credit,
are sufficient to effect important operations. In bona
fide transactions the whole capital is embarked ; in
fictitious matters all that is to be done is to have
ready the presumed difference which may exist be-
tween the conclusion of the bargain and the end of
the month.

The gross amount of bona fide transactions in the
funds is, on the average, about 100 millions per an-
num • the amount of bargains for time may be taken
at about double that sum. But transfers resulting

from effective transactions only amount to from 50
to 55 millions ; the surplus belongs to operations by
order, to changes, and balances of accounts. If the
stockbrokers were compelled to rest contented with
the profits arising from these, the sole legal opera-
tions, they would make but sorry affairs, and their
charges would be far below what they are. Very
well ; the fictitious bargains in railways are in pro-
portion greater than those in the funds. It is pre-
ferred to gamble in railway shares because their
value being more elastic, and the limit of their fluc-
tuations more extensive, greater gains are expected.
It is clear that if the capital of railway shares is ex-
tended to six or seven millions, speculation will be
frightfully ramified; and this serious result will cer-
tainly be accomplished under conditions infinitely less
favourable.

If, as is to be feared, panic succeeds to extensive
speculations—if loss succeeds to gain—the existence
even of the competing companies may be affected.
The capital upon which there is at this moment such
outrageous gambling is not subscribed ; and the
Orleans and Bordeaux Railway, for example, has not
in its hands the sixty millions which it will require
for laying down the rails, and the purchase of the
materials necessary for making it. She has only sub-
scriptions guaranteed, it is true, by the payment of a
first deposit; but, from one circumstance or another,
should these promises get into disfavour, the sub-
scribers will draw back. That has been already the
case in regard to the railway from Basle to Stras-
burgh. Besides, upon what foundation rests this pre-
mium of 100 francs on these shares ? Upon the
future product of the railway. But this is not exactly
known, at least as far as regards that portion of the
line between Tours and Bordeaux. To that extent all
is new, and the actual relations do not seive
as a basis for any estimate. The value in premium,
of a share, cannot be logically explained, except by an
interest superior to that which it is expected to draw
from the capital employed. Now experience alone
can prove such a fact. The high premiums which
have been obtained upon the lines from Amiens to

Boulogne, Orleans to. Vierzon, and Orleans to Bor-
deaux, will be paid by the victims, while a premium,
which is the result of a proved receipt on a railway,
far from causing losses, consolidates credit, and in-
creases the general richness of the country. But this
object is not gained except by real transactions, which
are the exact antipodes of jobbing. The latter always
engenders losses ; it turns capital from its natural
destination, and produces periodical crisis in public
credit.

What is required by the country at this moment ? To
have railways, and not by any means to make the
fortune of bankers and speculators. However, it is
not that object which occupies the attention of the
public generally, who follow with much greater atten-
tion the fluctuations of the Bourse than the works of
the different lines which serve as a basis for the
gambling. This fatal tendency increases in propor-
tion as the Companies take a more extended part in
the execution of railways, and the premiums gained
and lost will carry fresh disorder into the association
of capital, and the discouragement among borrowers
who prefer a solid investment to the uncertainties of
jobbing. The report has spread that the Minister of
Public Works will refuse the approbation of the ad-
judication of the Vierzon Railway. Why, if you
please ? Is it because it has been mystified by the
Companies Leconte and Bartholom ? Why, M.
Dumon is accustomed to these sort of episodes, and
another irregularity in the history of railways does
not disturb him. It is besides a precedent which

may be advantageous, and in future 'the contrivers of
these affairs will come to such an understanding as
shall render adjudications of railways completely
illusory ; all rivalry will be thus extinguished, and the
negotiation of promises of shares will be so much the
more facilitated.

A WOMAN KILLED Di A Cow.—An inquest was
held at Oadby on the 16th instant, before J. Gregory,
Gent., on the body of Ann Coulson, a servant in the em.
ploy of Mrs. Jarvis, of the same place. From the evidence
it appeared that Joseph Smith and John Potterton were
driving home from the fair two steers belonging to Mrs.
Jarvis, and a cow which had been bought by George
Ross, a jobber, of Oadby; and they were endeavouring
to part the beasts, in order to place them in their re-
spective fields, when they turned down a lane. The
men followed to turn them back, and deceased (who was
standing out in the road with two children) tried to
assist by waving a basket she had in her hand, when the
cow ran at her and knocked her down ; on her getting
up, the cow repeated her attack, and wounded the de-
ceased very severely in the head. On being taken up, she
said to one of the men and a neighbour, "I really
thought my skull had been split ;" and, " Oh dear, Mrs.
Smith, I feel quite stupid—this cow has killed me." She
was taken home, and every assistance rendered her, but
she said she knew she should not get over it, and she
died on the morning of the 15th.—Leicester Chronicle.