The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-24 00:00:00

LONDONn THURSDAY EVENING. OCTOBER 24 1f144,

COURT CIRCULAR.

Wispson, `WEDNESDAY.—The Queen and Prince
Albert took their accustomed walk this afternoon in
the slopes.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales,
Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess
Alice, were taken their usual airing in the course of
the day.
The Earl and Countess of Westmoreland arrived
at the Castle in the afternoon, on a visit to her Ma-
jesty.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, Lady
Charlotte Dundas, the Countess Wratislaw, and
Colonel Knollys, joined the royal dinner circle at the
Castle this evening.
The band of the Scots Fusilier Guards wore in at-
tendance during dinner.
Her Majesty's private band afterwards attended at
the Castle, and performed the remainder of the
evening.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer arrived in town
yesterday morning from his seat, Beechworth House,
Surrey. The Right Hon. Gentleman had an inter-
view with Sir James Graham. _ _

A deputation, consisting of • Messrs. Leadbetter,
Miller, and Bannatyne, the chairman, engineer, end
solicitor of the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle
Railway, on the subject of that railway ; a depu-
tation, consisting of Messrs. Learmouth, Miller,
and Bannatyne, the chairman, engineer, and solicitor
of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Company,
on the subject of the proposed branch to Stirling, and
on the subject of the Caledonian and Scottish Central
Railway, as competing lines to the Edinburgh and
Glasgow Railway, and its proposed branches; a de-
putation from the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, and
Ayr Railway Company, on the subject of their pro-
posed branches to Barrhead, Mauchline, and Cum-
noch ; and a deputation from the Edinburgh and
Glasgow, and -Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, and
Ayr Railway Company, on the subject of a proposed
line to connect these railways, and also communicating
with the harbour of Glasgow, had an interview with
the Earl of Dalhousie yesterday, at the office of the
Board of Trade.

Mr. Higham, Secretary and Comptroller to the
Commissioners for the Reduction of the National
Debt, and Captain Boldero, had interviews with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official
residence in Downing-street.

OPENING OF THE ROYAL
EXCIIANGE.

The members of the Corporation who are to take part
in the procession have been allotted their respective
places in it, and Sir Peter Laurie is to have the control
of the procession, It will he formed as follows :
Police officers on horseback.
State carriages of the Sheriffs.
Carriages of the Aldermen.
State carriage of the Lord Mayor,
The two City Marshals mounted.
12 members of the Common Council in their mazarine
gowns on horseback, and with an attendant.
Sheriffs Sidney and Hunter
in their scarlet gowns and chains on horseback, each
attended by a sergeant and a groora.
The Aldermen

in their scarlet gowns, those past the chair in their chains,
on horseback, each attended by a beadle, and a groom,
placed as follows :--
Mr. Alderman Hooper Sir George Carroll
Mr. Alderman Johnson Mr. Alderman Wood
Mr. Alderman Farchrother Sir P. Laurie _

Sir J. Key, Bart.
Sir C. S. Hunter, Bart.

Mr. Alderman Lucas
Mr. Alderman Gibbs

The Common Crycr on horse- The Sword bearer on horse-
back, carrying the back, bearing the cap
City mace of maintenance.
The LORD MAYOR, _ _ .

in a crimson velvet robe and collar of S S, on horseback,
and bearing the City sword of state, attended by three
footmen in liveries.

His Lordship will immediately precede
HER MAJESTY.

The joint Committee of the Corporation and of the
Mercers' Company, attended by Mr. Tite, the architect
of the new Royal Exchange, were engaged at Mercers'-
hall up to a late hour last evening, in arranging tho ne-
cessary preliminaries for the reception of her Majesty.
It is understood, however, that considerable difference of
opinion existed among them with respect to several im-
portant details connected with that event, and the bal-
lotting glasses wero on several points called into requisi-
tion. The tesselated pavement in the centre of the
grand quadrangle was yesterday completed. All ob-
structions necessary to the completion of the works were
entirely removed from the portico and the vicinity of the
grand western entrance of the Exchange, and already
workmen have commenced the arrangement of the
tables and chairs for the dejeuner, and which continued
to arrive in van loads throughout the day . The order
issued is for the accommodation of 1,500 persons. The
pavement on the northern side *or the Exchange, facing
Bartholomew-lane, is now completed, and Cornhill,
which has been for some time blocked up for the pur-
pose of laying down the wood paving, was yesterday
thrown open to the public. Now that the whole of the
scaffolding and other obstructions are cleared away, the
.plendid encaustic painting of the Merchants'-walk ap-
pears to great advantage, and gives to the entire build-
ing a light and very pleasing effect. The great gallery
erected on the summit of the Bank of England, for the
accommodation of the Directors and their friends to
witness the reception of her Majesty on her arrival, was
yesterday covered in with a thick roofing of tarpauling,
and is fast approaching completion. It is understood
that it will be fitted up with drapery, and will present a
very pleasing appearance. The galleries around St.
Paul's Churchyard, and all the other places along the
lino of route, are also rapidly progressing, and great pre-
parations aro now manifesting themselves for an illumi-
nation in honour of the event. It is now arranged that
the horses on which the Aldermen and the members of
the Gresham Committee arc to rids in the procession will
be supplied from the Royal Artillery.
The Subscription-room of Lloyd's, in which, as we
have previously stated, the royal entertainment is to
take place, is in a very
.forward state, most of the tem-
porary decorations having been finished. It is now in-
tended to have four tables, instead of three, as was at
first contemplated, in addition to that at which the Queen
and Prince Albert are to partake of the dejeuner. The
south end of the banquetting-room has been hung with
crimson draperies, festooned at the top in graceful folds.
There is an enormous mirror, and the royal arms sur-
mount it, denoting the place at which her Majesty is to
preside at the festive table. On each side of the large
looking-glass it is proposed to have the British standard
and ensigns. The royal table at the south end of the
room is to be on a raised flooring, so that her Majesty,
and the distinguished personages selected for the honour
of meeting the Sovereign at luncheon, shall be so
situated as to command an uninterrupted view of the
room when the whole of the company have assembled,
for it is determined there is not to bo a throne or canopy
in that room, but merely two gilt state chairs for the
Queen and her Royal Consort. The dais, or raised
flooring, is to be covered with rich carpeting, the room to
be covered generally by a less costly material. The
library, or reading-room, is to be appropriated as an au-
dience chamber or throne-room, in which her Majesty is
o receive the City address.

BRIGHTON.
WEDNESDAY.—We understand that Sir James Graham
intends shortly to take a house here, near to tho resi-
dence of Sir R. Peel, in Eastern-terrace.
Lady ll°!land, Sir Thomas: Fremantle, the Dowager
Lady Brownlow, and Lord Aylesford, are also shortly
expected for the winter. Lord Aylesford has taken a
house, and Lady Holland is in treaty for one.
Lord and Lady Francis Egerton will take their
departure from Brighton on Monday next, and Baron
Gurney, who has been staying for the last six weeks on
the Marine Parade, will leave for town in a day or two.
Chief Justice Doherty,i who has been staying for
the last fortnight at the Norfork Hotel, has taken the
Regency Ilouse.
Lady Mary Leslie, and Sir Edward and Lady Knatch-
bull, arrived yesterday at the Norfolk Hotel.
The Marchioness Wellesley is staying at the Albion
Hotel, and the Countess of Jersey and Lady Clementina
Villiers, at the Bristol HoteL Lord and Lady Bridport
and Mr. and Mrs. Sergeant Channell are also at the
Albion Hotel. The Duke and Duchess of St. Alban's
have arrived in Kemp Town. The Dowager Countess
of Chichester has arrived in Regency- square, where
Lady Longford is expected in the course of the week.
The Dowager Lack Longford is also shortly expected,
to pass the winter in Brighton. Lord and Lady C.
Paulet left Regency-square yesterday, fur their seat,
Wellesbourne, Stratford-upon-Avon.
The Countess of Cardigan returned from Franco last
Thursday, via Dieppe and Brighton, by the General
Steam Navigation Company's packet the Menai. On
the following day, the Company's packet, the Magnet,
brought over from Dieppe about sixty passengers, in-
cluding Count Montholon, who lvas taken prisoner with
Prince Napoleon, but who was included in the amnesty
reoenty granted by Louis Phillippe. The Count is stay-
ing at Brighton.
The Magnet-returned from Dieppe this morning with
about sixty passengers, among whom were Sir Charles
Duff Gordon. Sir William do Bathe has also returned
from the Continent.

MARRIAGE IN limit Lun.—Yestorday, at St.
George's, Ilanover-square, was solemnised the marriage
of Captain the Ilonourablo Robert Edward Boyle, second
surviving son of the Earl of Cork and Orrery, with Miss
Georgiana Robarts, youngest daughter of Abraham
Robarts, Esq., a well-known banker. The ceremony
was a very gay one, a largo number of the friends of
both families attending the happy pair to the altar. The
service was performed by the lion. and Rev. Richard
Boyle, Rector of Marston, Somerset ; and, at its con-
clusion, the parties retired to the vestry, to sign the
register, Lord Fitzroy Somerset bring ono of the wit-
nesses. Tho bride, who has not yet attained her twen-
tieth year, was attired very richly, and being exceedingly
beautiful, attracted much attention. After the cere-
mou, a numerous circle of friends partook of a defamer
at 3lr. Rnbarts's residence, in Hill-street, Berkeley-
' squara. Vie bride anti bridegroom left town during the
afternoon.

The arrangement is at length completed between
M. Laurent and Jullien for the opening of the prome-
nade eoneerts at Covent Garden. They will commence
on the 15th of November, and positively close on the
15th of December. Aftt r that period dramatic perform-
ances will be attempted. We believe a foreign company
is already engaged.

OPENING OF THE BELGIAN
CHAMBERS,

SPEECH OF THE KING.
The following appeared, only in part of our im-.
pression of yesterday :
On Tuesday his Nftie4y.,the Kinkel( the ,Belgians
opened the.parliainentary session for 1844-45. The
Rue Royale and the Rue Ducal° were lined with
detachments of the civic guards, infantry and ca •
vairy, and with a few troops of the line. The
Queen, accompanied by the two young Princes
(the Duke of Brabant and the Count of Flanders),
arrived at the Palais de la Nation (the Parliament-
house) about one o'clock, and was shortly after-
wards followed by the King on horseback,
who was dressed in the uniform of an Officer-

eneral of the Civic Guard, and accompanied by
ieutenant-General D'Hane, by the General-in-
Chief of the Civic Guard, by the military Governor
of Brussels, and by a numerous staff. The escort
was composed of half a squadron of the Regiment des
Guides, and a squadron of the Civic Guard on horse-
back. The space near the Parliament-house was
occupied by a company of 'artillery of the Civic
Guard. Their Majesties were respectively received
with marked respect throughout their passage to the
Palais de la Nation. A discharge of artillery an-,
flounced their departure from the royal residence.
'The following is a translation of the speech delivered
by his Majesty:—

GENTLEMEN, —I have anticipated the ordinary epoch
of your session. I was desirous of enabling you to
vote the budgets before the commencement of the
year to which they apply, and to complete the exa-'
rnination of several Bills which you have already dis-
cussed.

You meet under auspicious circumstances. I con-
gratulate myself on, the sentiments of cordiality and
reciprocal confidence which prevail in our relations
with the various Powers.
In the preceding session you decided on the conclu-
sions arrived at by the committee for judicial investiga-
tion (enguete) appointed four years ago. The law
which you voted will occupy an important place in
our national legislation.
The commercial suggestions which you forwarded
to the Government have been the object of my most
serious attention; some of them I have realised. The
measures which I thought necessary to take will be
submitted to you; I doubt not tkat they will obtain
your approbation.
By the aid of the commercial policy which you
have sanctioned, I have concluded with the German
Zollverein (Association Allemande des douanes), a
treaty of navigation and commerce, which secures our
mutual interests. The examination of this treaty will
be the object of your first deliberations.
By a recent convention, the postal communications
between Belgium and Great Britain have been regu-
lated on a basis at once more extended and more fa-
vourable to commerce. The charge on letters has
been reduced, and special advantages have been stipu.
lated for the transmission of foreign correspondence.—
(Expedition des Correspondances Etrangem.)
A broad and liberal entrepot system, combined
with new facilities of transit, will be likely to assist
in the development of our international relations.
A Bill having this object in view will be presented
to you. It will also remain for you to consider
other measures likely to increase our distant con-
nexions and exports.
The harvest, which caused some momentary alarm,
has turned out satisfactory; no exceptional measure
appears necessary. The Provincial Councils have con-
tinued their deliberations on the measures to be
adopted for clearing the uncultivated parts of our
territory ; it will be soon possible to determine what
assistance is to be required from the legislative
power. Some improvements have been made in the
course of the Mouse, the Government introducing
some also with respect to the other rivers of the
country.

The important works undertaken in the Campine
and in the Flanders continue to be actively pursued.
The increase of traffic on the railway, and of the
receipts, has surpassed expectation. This state of
affairs may become even more prosperous by perfect-
ing the conditions of circulation, which the incomplete
state of the lines and of the stations renders difficult
and expensive.
The re-organisation of modes of carriage, irre-
spective of the railway, is also an urgent subject for
consideration.

A law relating to the remuneration of the members
of the judicial order has been presented to you. The
state of our finances removes all necessity for adjourn-
.. .

ing the discussion of that law, the propriety of which
you will acknowledge with me.
The government of the prisons has already under-
gone some useful modifications, and I am desirous
that additional measures shall be taken to complete
them.

The benevolent institutions have not failed to re-
ceive a portion of my solicitude. My Government is
resolved to introduce into them all the ameliorations
which humanity claims.
Your aid will, on this occasion, be requested in an
especial manner towards the reform of the establish-
ments for the insane.

Some propositions will be laid before you to cor-
rect the vices and to fill up the gaps (lacunes) which
experience has brought to light in certain portions
of legislation. Thus will the revision of the codes
which has been prescribed by the constitution be gra-
dually effected.
The army, that essential element of our national
existence, commands all our solicitude. I am
delighted to be able to acknowledge that it shows
itself deserving of it by its devotedness, its discipline,

and the excellent spirit which animates it.
It remains for you to decide upon the Bill which
has been already laid beforo you, the details of which
are so important for its organisation (that of the
army). _

Some change in the laws relating to the militia
have become necessary ; they will be proposed to you
simultaneously with a new law on the organisation
of the Civio Guard.

yt
successfully,Yu to
ni
Thanks to the consolidation of our credit, the
Governmentand without
powersallnwed acitcotrodendffebe
shock (sceousse) two grand financial operations ; their
results have been the reduction of the and of
the capital of the public debt.
You will join with me in congratulations that the
expenditure has been made to balance with the re-
ceipts ; the beneficial results for the treasury of the
last loan, and of the conversion of the rent, the in-
crease in the receipts of the railway, and of several
branches of public revenue, have contributed to
facilitate this happy equilibrium.
Some efforts, nevertheless, are necessary to cover
the new expenses which the public interest may re-
quire, and by a permanent excess of revenue to arrive
successively at the extinction of the floating debt, and
the creation of a reserve fund.
You will assist me to attain this object, which a
prudent foresight renders obligatory on us to pursue.
Gals TLEMEN,—The country may have confidenee
in itself. Its elements of moral activity and material
prosperity are freely developing themselves. I doubt
not that this favourable situation will be strengthened
and completed by the support which the Government
will find in your patriotism and loyal concurrence.
Shortly after the Speech was delivered, her Ma-
jesty and the young Princes left the House, and
proceeded to the Palace by the Rue Royale. In
a few minutes after their arrival they presented them-
selves in the balcony in front of the Palace, and waited
there till the King had returned from the Parliament.
His Majesty entered the Palace for a few minutes,
and shortly afterwards returned on horseback to the
open space in front of the Palace, and reviewed the
whole of -the Civic Guard, who defiled before him.
Ho was saluted repeatedly with cries of Vice le Roi
which he frequently acknowledged by lifting off his
hat. The Volunteer Regiment, who occupied the
posts of honour, displayed their flag, which they
bore at the time of the revolution.

NEWPORT, MONMOUTINUIRE.—(From 8 COlTCS-
pondent.)—We feel great pleasure in announcing that
the Lords of her Majesty's Treasury have been phased to
raise this port from a sixth to a fifth class port, and also to
sanction an additional number of officers, in consequence
of the very great increase in the general trade of the
port ; and we have every reason to believe that should
the trade increase as it has of late, we shall soon have
to
announce that Newport has been raised a class higher
in
the classification of ports. A new lino of railroad is n
aow
in contemplation froin this town to ront-y-pool nn
; the surveyorp are daily surveying the pro-
posed line.

IRELAND.

SUBSCRIPTION •FOR FATHER MATHEW.

DUBLIN, OCT. 22.—A very- creditable movement
has commenced to relieve Father Mathew from the
p,-cuniary enabarmesmente produced by his sacrifices
in promoting the cause of temperance.
Lord Cluncurry has just forwarded 50/. as his sub-
.
scription.

-The Cork Examiner of yesterday contains a list of
subscriptions, including 1001. from the Earl of Arundel
and Surrey ; 20/. from G. S. Kendrick, Esq., West
Bromwich, Birmingham; 51. ss. from J. S. Buck-
ingham, Esq.; 51. from Mr. Gore Jones, stipendiary
magistrate, Thurles ; and 10!. from Messrs. J. and E.
Grundy, Bury, Lancashire. Amongst the contri-
butors in this list are two English clergymen of the
Established Church, and an Irish Unitarian clergy-
man, the Rev. J. Vixon Porter, of Carrickfergus.
The Temperance Societies in Cork, and other parts
of the south, are making arrangements to co-operate
in the good work.
Before many weeks, a fund amply sufficient to
rescue the Rev. Mr. Mathew from his pecuniary en-
gagements will have been obtained.
SEIZURE FOR MINISTER'S MONEY.

The following notification has been served upon
Mr. Fitzsimons, upon whom a seizure had been made
by the bailiffs of Archdeacon Torrcns :
" Take notice--That the following articles dis-
trained for minister's money—viz., six chairs—will be
sold at the public auction-room 14, Dame-street, on
Wednesday, Oct. 23, 1844, for the said tax.
" W. ADAMS, Collector.

"'l'o MrcVitzsimons, 17, Rath/nines-snail."

Thus Archdeacon Torrens has determined to push
matters -to 'extremities, in the attempt to entorce
tithes in the most obnoxious form, in the rural district
of Rathmines.

When the appeal against the Archdeacon's appoint-
ment had been before the Privy Council, one of the
citems disallowed was 18s., the annual tax, demanded
for a house then in progress of building, for the
future residence of the parish priest find his curates'.,
The house not been roofed at the time, the Privy
Council compelled Archdeacon Torrens to delay his
claim for minister's money, as against the Catholic
clergy, at least until the house should be in tenant-
able order.— Dublin Evening Post.

FATHER' MATHEW.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—Observing the statement in the public papers
relative to the pecuniary circumstances of the Rev.
Theobald Mathew, I beg to inform you that the
Committee of this Society have instituted the neces-
sary inquiries into the subject ; and, should the re-
ports be correct, and Mr. Mathew be willing to re-
ceive any assistance, the Committee feel assured that
the public will most cheerfully afford such aid as the
case may require.
Mr. Mathew has hitherto refused to allow any so-
cieties or individuals to contribute to his vast expenses,
from a fear of injuring the cause in which he has so
long and so disinterestedly laboured; and if he should
now find it impossible to proceed without such aid, I
trust the English nation will avail themselves of the
opportunity of showing their respect for this real be-
nefactor of Ireland.

I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
THEODORE COMPTON, Sec.
The National Temperance Society,
39, Moorgate-street, Oct. 22.

The following letter has been addressed to the
editor of the Times

" Sir,--Perceiving from a letter in your journal of
to-day that the National 'temperance Society has ap-
pointed a committee to inquire into the alleged pecu-
niary embarrassments of Father Mathew, arising from
his great expenditure in promotion of temperance,
you will, perhaps; permit me to save the time of such
inquiry, and the consequent delay of the requisite
relief, by giving you the strongest proof of the reality
of the case, in a letter I have this morning received
from Father Mathew himself, as I felt it my duty, on
first hearing of his embarrassments, to write to him
on the subject, enclosing some trifling aid, as the
direct transmission of such assistance as can be given
is generally more acceptable than the dilatory and
expensive process of committees and public meetings,
though both may be useful.
" Your publication of his letter in your extensively
circulated journal will bring his case more speedily
and more effectively before the eyes of thousands than
any other channel of communication ; and I can bear
my personal testimony, from intimate acquaintance
and co-operation with this excellent man, as to his
conduct being as pure and disinterested as that of any
philanthropist who ctm be named.—l am, Sir, your
obedient servant,

JAMES S. BUCKINGHAM.
" 13, George-street, Hanover-square, Oct. 23."
" Cork, Oct. 20.

"My dear Mr. Buckingham,--4 am fully aware of
the many claims upon your benevolence, and deeply
regret that my embarrassments have added to them.
It was after much importunity and with great
reluctance that I consented to have my pecuniary
difficulties made public by the Rev. Mr. Ilineks, the
.editor of the Inquirer. It is unnecessary in writing
to you to vindicate myself from the charge of impru-
denco—you well 'know the unavoidable expenditure
attendant on a great popular movement. With the
exception of 1001. sent to me some years ago by the
Marquis of Lansdowne, I never received aid from
any one.
" A report, propagated by the antagonists of tem- ,
penance, of my having amassed wealth, increased the
calls upon me, and, I must confess, prompted me to
exceed my resources to rebut the calumny.
" I had, it is true, large sums of money offered to
me whilst I was in England, but I wished to act in-
dependently, and refused them. .
" Accept, dear Mr. Buckingham, my grateful ac-
knowledgment of your gift, and have the kindness to
add to the many obligations you have already con-
ferred by explaining to my friends how free I am
from any imputation of either prodigality or avarice.
" All my own private resources have • been ex-
hausted. I have drawn to a large amount upon my
brothers, and all this to promote that sacred cause to
whose success I have devoted, my existence.
" To your good and amiable lady, to my dear
Leicester, and every member of your family, I pre-
sent my affectionate remembrance, and with fervent

prayers for your happiness, I am, with profound re-
spect, dear Mr. Buckingham, yours gratefully and
devotedly, " THEOBALD MATHEW."

MORE COLLIERY EXPLOSIONS.
NEWCASTLE :UPON-TYNE, TUESDAY.
Another explosion of fire-damp—so frequent in this
district—occurred last night at Wallsend. The explosion
took place in a drift at the end of a " board," on the
underviewer going in to examine the workings. It ap-
pears the board had been carried forward to a dyke or
trouble, the stratum of coal rising at this part some feet,
and the drift was made by excavating the roof, to reach
and continue the seam of coal The underviewer going
in with a candle, the gas fired, and he and another party
were severely burnt, but no other injury took place. On
Wednesday last another accident occurred at lletton
Colliery, and, indeed, explosions aro almost of daily
occurrence, though rarely so fatal as that at Haswell.
CALAMITOUS EXPLOSION AT ROWLEY REGIS.
ELEVEN LIVES LOST.
Oa Saturday last a most calamitous explosion of fire-
damp took place in a coal-pit belonging to Mr. Darby, at
the Five Ways, Rowley Regis. The number of persons
at work in the pit at the timo of the explosion is under-
stood to have been seventeen or eighteen, and of these,
wo lament to state, no lees than eleven have fallen vic-
tims to this lamentable occurrence. Immediately after
the explosin, the effects of which were perceived for some
distance, the most active measures were takem to afford
assistance to such of the workmen in the pit as might be
alive,*and six of them wore as soon as possible„extricated
from their perilous situation. In a short Limo the bodies
of eight workmen also were got out, those of three others
being 1, ft in the pit in consequence of the foulness of the
air. The six poor fellows who were got out alive aro sli
more or lees injured, but not, we are happy to state, to
such a degree as to endanger their lives. The awful
extent of this calamity has occasioned a most mournful
feeling throughout the neighbourhood.— Wolverhampton
Chronicle.

LANDSLIP. TIIREATENED• DANGER OF TIIB
CUSTOM-HOUSE.—One of the consequences of the storm
which visited Dublin on this night week, has been a
land-slip between the south front of our beautiful, but
neatly useless, Custom-house, and the river. The first
appearance of the occurrence was noticed on the morn-
ing of Thursday last, when a sinking of the earth was
observed between the carriage-way and the granite wall
with which the quay is faced. Since then a gradual de-
pression and loosening of the earth has been going on ;
but early this morning a rent took place, and the earth
sank in some plaCes, and disappeared in others, to the
extent, in one instance, of full twenty feet. The line of
quay along which the rent has taken place is about 170
yards, and compriseaan extent of bank exceeding the
whole area of the south front of the entrance, with its
noble portico and ponderous dome, and the water of the
river is now only some twenty feet from the flagway at
the base of the-Custom-house. The wall still stands
cut, with the water at both sides of it ; but it is thought
that the subsidence of the very high tide to-day will
sweep it out in the river, although it is strongly 'mopped,
and lighters are busily engaged in emptying stuff against
it, in order to support it against the power of the back-
water.—Pilot.
TIIB WRECK OF THE SLOOP JANn WASKIL Or
BELFAST.—We regret to learn that this vessel,
was driven ashore at Annalon during the gale of the filth
ult., has become a total wreck. She was laden with
freestone, flagging, and salt, and was on her way from
Runcorn to Dublin. The master, John We.ls,.h,w.
was
also the owner, has written a letter to us, e,,p,essmg the
deep gratitude he feels to T ord Newry and Morne for
the kind interest he evinced in his behalf since the wrvck
of his vessel. He mentions that at the auction of the
materials on the 12th ult., a great portion of them was
purchased by his Lordship with the-view of dopc,.sing of
them again to better ayiyantgzo in behalf of the owher.
add 9 that he, experienced' frothing hut sympathy and
hindiiess in the neighbourhood.-IY9rtitern w439,

LORD STANLEY'S SPEECH
AT LIVERPOOL.

+,,.,..

(From the Times.)
The debates of the agricultural societies have been
enlivened by a speech from Lard Stanley. Matters
were certainly getting uncommonly prosaic—flat and
dull indeed were the orations delivered to the best-
prize servant—or over the broadest backed bull, or
the most unnaturally-magnified potato; and the dis-
sertations upon the social causes and conditions of
falling rents and ill-farmed lands were becoming
daily more humdrum and more monotonous. Into
the midst of these common-places Lord Stanley has
descended like a living man into a company of
dummies, and has astonished the good people of
Liverpool with a real bona fide extempore harangue.
We publish his Lordship's address in another part
of our impression of this morning.
He has not, indeed, been able to make that which'
was old itself new again, or to tell us much on the
worn-out subjects of which he treats, which all the
world did not know before. But he has washed the
faces of all the old musty " association" topics, bur-
nished them all up, and set them all going again with
renewed life and vigour.
On the rather tender question of improvements,
for instance, Lord Stanley breaks into the following
graphic reproduction of a very well-established though,
like most others, also a double-edged truth :
" Some of the old farmers in this country—l mean
the real old claws—(A laugh)—shrug their shoulders
and say, What is the need of all this stir about im-
provement, and limiting the land grow so much more ?'
13y-the-by, it is not so much making it grow more,
as snaking it grow different crops—making it grow
wheat instead -Of weeds.—(Hear.) 13ut some say,
' What is the use of all this? It is not a question for
the farmer. We shall only have our rents increased
the more productive the land is.' "
If the " real old farmer" were to use such an ar-
gument as this with respect to improvements in the
cultivation, or any expenditure for increasing the fer-
'tility of the land, made at his landlord's expense, and
the increased annual return of which, for however
short a time it should last, would he manifestly and
.palpably pro tanto an advantage to himself; or, even
were the argument used with respect to aimprove-
ments" to be effected by the tenant at his own expense,
and were it also used without reference to the proba-
bility, or improbability, of the capital expended being
again recovered before the anticipated rise in the
rent—then, or in either of these cases, we should cer-
tainly be very much disposed to answer the " real old
farmer" as Lord Stanley does :

" Such an argument, allow me to say, is the climax
of absurdity. 'lo use a very common phrase, it is
' cutting off one's own nose to spite one's face.' Why
should I undertake an improvement because my land-
lord will benefit by it,' appears to me a very incon-
clusive and absurd argument. lam not here to dis-
pute the fact, that every improvement in value, every
addition by science to the productive power of the
land, everything which adds to its fertility, must in
the long run be an advantage to those in whom the
fee simple is vested.—(llear.) But the question is,
at the same time that it is an advantage to the land-
lord, is it not also an advantage to the farmer who
occupies the land, and makes his livelihood out of it ?
I ask no man to undertake an improvement if his own
good sense does not lead him to do it. I ask no man
to apply any improved mode of cultivation if it does
not appear that his own individual advantage would
be promoted by so doing ; but when farmers argue
that because at the expiration of their tenantcy their
rents may be increased, it is not worth while to adopt
improvements, I must say they take a very short-
sighted view of their own interests, and must think
their landlords very great fools and blockheads." •
But if the capital laid out is to be wholly the capi-
tal of the tenant, it is, of course, also manifest, not
withstanding Lord Stanley's undoubtedly just reply
to the opponents of improvement, that it is unfair to
call upon the tenant to begin paying to the owner of
the soil his per centage on the profits of the invest-
inmit, until the capital is first returned. The matter
is, indeed, not very complex, and it is no great task,
perhaps, for the united wisdom of an agricultural
association to discover what is fair and equitable as
between landlord and tenant in the matter of money
expended in improvements ; but these are things which
it must be admitted, are somehow sometimes for-
gotten. Lord Stanley has, at all events, the merit Gf
being undeniable. "Give your tenants leases, gentle-
wen, if you persist in expecting any great and per-
manent improvement of your land' to be undertaken
by them ; but if you wish to have your land really
productive, and well in your own hands, improve it your-
selves& and then you can fairly let it:as:you like." "If
improvements are to add a permanent value to the
land, they ought to be undertaken by the landlord him-
self, charging on the tenant such an amount of inte-
restas may repay him for the outlay he has made, and
at the same time afford a reasonable profit for the
tenant."

We have no fault to find, as we have already said,
with this'sort of advice, and we only wish that more
id this kind of practical inculcation of what is already
a great deal better known than acted upon, would
find its way into the speeches of the agricultural asso-
ciations. Lord Stanley. has certainly kept himself
safely within the proper limits of his subject. Ile has
considered the question before him to be simply what
is the best and fairest mode for all parties of gaining
legitimately the greatest quantity of produce from 4
given quantity of land. lie has not needlessly
travelled into the ulterior questions of the
t•ocisl condition of the people, or expatiated upon
the political bearings of the associations over which
he was presiding. He has simply considered
their object to be that of increasing to the
uttermost the available power and value of land.
Whatever is beyond this, as the political weight, the
position, and the happiness of the agricultural popu-
lation, will of course be influenced by an alteration
or increase in this available power ; but Lord Stanley
loaves this influence to the indirect operation of that
change and improvement, which alone he is directly
seeking to make.
This is so far well. As far as it goes, it places
agricultural associations in certainly a less objec-
tionable light than heretofore. It excludes, at any
rate, the high and sacred social duties which are in-
volved in the relations of master and servant—rich
and :poor—lord and labourer—from the bandying
of public meetings, and the machinery of associations.
But we doubt whether Lord Stanley's speech is a
trustworthy index of the real state of the case ; in
fine, that it can hardly be said to represent the senti-
ments andlprinciples of one single agricultural asso-
ciation. We shall be truly glad to hnd that we are
deceived; but in the meanwhile, and until Lord
Stanley's example has been more generally followed,
we must be allowed to cherish our own misgiv-
ings as to the object and spirit of the meeting " agri-
cultural."