The Sun.
London, England, 1845-06-23 00:00:00

a source of irritation. Besides this, the conventions,
by their nature and by the circumstances which accom-
panied the conclusion of them, could never have been
considered as perpetual. Having been admitted by way
of experiments and as temporary measures, they ought
to cease as soon as they had produced the effect of which
they were capable." It then adverts to the terms of the
new treaty, and adds—" The final clause suspends all
the former conventions during this new experiment, and
declares them finally abrogated at the expiration of that
term, unless by a common and express consent of the
two Governments they be again brought into operation.
The will of the country has thus been satisfied, and in
this respect your Committee cannot do otherwise than
give its entire assent to the result of the negotiations
which wore carried on in London. Your Committee is
well pleased at being able to declare that this result
has been attained, to the honour of the gentlemen who
conducted this delicate negotiation, and who, whilst they
carried out a lofty idea of justice and humanity, knew
how to pay attention to the national feeling, and award
to it what was its due. All the provisions of the new
treaty bear the impress of the confidence which the high
contracting parties feel in each other, and of their equal
sympathy for the cause which they wish to serve. It is
worthy of such a cause to unite the efforts of two great
nations ; and the treaty which has just been concluded
will have the effect, we feel convinced, of effacing the
remembrance of the differences that may have
separated them." An animated discussion afterwards
took place on the state of the French navy, when several
of the Opposition Members charged the Government with
a great dereliction of public duty by refusing to propose
an increase of the Navy Estimates, and not even apply-
ing the sums voted to the most useful purposes. If we
are to believe the statements made, the navy of France
is in a most deplorable condition. It was worse, said
M. BACOT, than under CHABROL, the Minister of Marine
from 1824 to 1830, and yet, during the greater part of
that period, added another speaker, the Budget of Marine
was only 68 millions, while this session nearly twice the
sum had been voted-120 miliions of francs—for main-
taining not more than 23 ships of the line, and 30 frigates.
M. LEDRU Bonnier asked the Minister of Marine if he could
deny that he had not employed the whole of the credits
voted for the navy. " The country," said he, " wanted
to see the naval forces in a condition to cope with those
of England. The Minister might boldly ask the Cham-
ber to make sacrifices for that purpose. At present the
Minister of Marine was following the course pursued
under the Regent, and which prepared the maritime dis-
asters of the Republic. hey wanted to see their navy
worthy of France—able to defend the principle of the
liberty of the seas." Admiral MACKAU said, since his
accession to office, he had done everything in his power
to improve both sailing and steam-vessels, but really the
estimates were not sufficient, and next session he should
be obliged to apply for larger sums. Still, however, the
statements made by certain Members were manifestly in-
correct. In 1829, the armaments at sea employed only
12,000 seamen, while in 1846 they would amount to
26.000, and besides the budget of his department was
only 78 millions, the remainder of the estimates being
expended on the marines and the guns. The Gallant
Admiral, after some other:remarks, stated in reply to a
question from M. CORNE respecting the blockade of
Monte Video, that he had refused to admit the exten-
sion of the blockade, which the Government of Buenos
Ayres desired to have recognised. The admiral on the
station had a sufficient naval force at his disposal, and
he felt no uneasiness whatever for the French subjects
now residing in Monte Video, whatever might have been
their antecedent political opinions. Most of the esti-
mates were afterwards voted. The sum of 60,0001.
demanded by the Government, to increase the pay of
the commanders of corvettes, was rejected. The fol-
lowing article from M. TRIERS' paper, the Coast tution-
nel, is in reply to the statements of the Minister of Ma-
rine, as well as to those made by Sir CHARLES NAPIER
in the House of Commons :

" We said a few days back that the country and the Chambers
were determined to have the navy powerful, and the committee on
the budget, in its report, gives a superabundant proof of the exacti-
tude of this assertion. But, in examining the affairs of the navy
with respect to the future, the Committee, in seeking to appreciate
the wants of the fleet, do not appear to have rendered to themselves
an exact account of the manner in which in late times the grants
for the navy have been employed. Let us just glance at the credit s
accorded to the navy for several years back, with the results ob-
tained. We commence with the year 1837, in which the cadre
of the navy was fixed by a royal ordinance, and completed
in February, 1842. In the year 1837 the budget was
52,000,000 f. It has been successively augmented—in 1838
to 72,000,0001 ; in 1839, to 79,000,000 f. ; in 1840, to
99,000,000 f. ; in 184 1 to 124,000,000 f. ; in 1842 it was
140,000,000 f.; in 1843, 123,000,000 f.; in 1844, 124,000,000 f.;
and in 1845 It will be 120,000,000[., without reckoning the
credit allowed for the execution of the new treaty relative to the
right of search. It is true that a sum of 30,000,000 f. for Trans.
atlantic packets must be taken from the last three years; but, with
this exception, there will still remain for the period comprised be-
tween 1537 and 1845 nearly a milliard. In 1846 the credits will
exceed 160,000,000 f., or double the budget of 1837. Let us now
see what was the state of our navy in 1837, and what it is at pro.
sent. According to the ordinance passed in that year, we were to
have 270 sailing vessels, of which 40 were to be ships of the line,
50 frigates, and 40 steamers. A decision of March, 1842, rai,cd
it to 70 the number of these, assigning to them an 18,500 horse-
power. In 1837 the fleet consisted,— I st, of 41 men of war, 24 afloat,
and 17 in the dockyards. The latter, more or less advanced,
in construction only showed 17 vessels entirely finished ; 2dly,
56 frigates, of which 36 were afloat, and 20 in course of con.
struction ; and, idly, 35 steamers, of which 28 were afloat, and
7 in course of construction, showing altogether a 4,630 horse.
power. In 1845 we have not more than :19 ships of the line, and
37 frigates ! There is certainly an increase in the steamers, for
from 35 they have been augmented to 47. But can this aug-
mentation compensate for the preceding deficiency, and justify the
employment of the considerable credits accorded to the navy ?
We have not comprised in this comparison either the Trans-
atlantic packets or the money expended in providing them, these
vessels not having been destined for a war service. This result, after
a space of eight years, certainly evinces a considerable disorder, and a
very faulty application of the funds voted by the Chambers. If the
materiel of the navy has diminished, the personnel of the marl.
time inscription has slighted increased, as the Committee has re-
marked. It is in 1839 and 1840 that this augmentation has
shown itself, at the time that a greater extension was given to
our military armaments. The inscriptions of that period have not
disappeared, but the system of furloughs, I.ow in use, will soon, if
care be not taken, bring down the amount of inscription to a lower
point than it was in 1839. This apprehension is so much the
better founded that commercial enterprise has much diminished,
and does not promise to the navy a sufficient number of recruits.
These figures prove hew erroneous was the statement of Sir Charles
Napier relative to our naval force, and how ridiculous was the
triumph which the Ministry assumed in its journal on the
occasion."

The Commerce, in alluding to the subject, makes some
remarks on the state of the French dockyards, which,
we believe, are well founded. "It is sufficient," says
that journal, " to have gone through our dockyards to
judge of the waste 'that takes place there. There is
no unity ; everything is abandoned to local dirr-cto;•s.
Each direction is appointed as it pleases ; it
raises workshops on workshops, stores on stor, s,
seeking to increase its own importance, and every-
where rejecting private industry. The stores, de-
prived of any appearance of ensemble, enter and leave
by a thousand issues. There is affluence in one place,
want in another. In the same hands are placed the
workshop and the store ; that is to say, he who gives
the command is he who executes it ; he who delivers
the works when done is he who receives them. And all
that is supported by documents impossible to verify,
sometimes fictitious, always without uniformity. Such
a disorder, such a chaos produces this result, that money
is expended without its being known how it goes.

A-counts from Lucerne of the 16th, state that Dr.
STEIGER has chosen the town of Cagliari, in Sardini-,
as his place of exile, the Sardinian Government having
consented to receive him, and to leave him at full liberty
in that place on his parole of honour.
It appears from a letter dated Constantinople the 4th
instant, and published in the Augsburg Gazette, that a
sanguinary battle had taken place in Syria, on the 16th
of May, between the Druses and the Maronites, which
ended in favour of the latter, but the details are not
given.

On the Paris Bourse on Saturday the Three per Cents.
closed at 84f. sc. ; the Five per Cents., at 1221. sc. ; Orleans
Railroad Shares, 1,210 f. ; Rouen, 1,070 F. ; Vierzon, 770 f. ;
Havre, 862 f. 50c. ; Avignon, I,olof. ; Basle, 2661. 25c. ;
Spanish Three per Cents., 411/I.
The following are the quotations fnr the new lines:—

Orleans and Bordeaux, 205 f. premium ; Boulogne, 1151.
ditto ; Troyes and Montereau, 40f. 50c ; Paris and Lyons
( Laffitte), 20f. ; ditto (Calon), 50c. ; ditto (Ganneron ),
51. ; Northern line ( Laffitte), 25f. ; ditto (Rosamel),
61. 50c. ; Tours and Nantes (Mackenzie), 9f. 75c. ; ditto
(Drouillard), par; ditto (O'Neill), 3f. 75c. ; ditto (Jacques
Lefevre), par; Lyons and Avignon ( Lecointe), 7f. 75c. ; ditto
(Talabot), 37f. 50e. ; ditto (Compagnie Meridionnle),7l. 50c. ;
Bordeaux and Toulouse (Mackenzie), If. 50 ; ditto and
Cette (Espeleta), 6f. 50c. ; Creil and St. Quentin, par; Paris
and Strasbourg (Ganneron), 10f. ; Dijon and Mulhausen
(O'Neill), 2f. 50c.; Dieppe and Fecamp, 45f.
LYONS, JUNE 18.—Avignon and Marseilles, 1,0151., for
cash ' • Paris and Orleans, 1,200 f, ditto ; Paris and Rouen,
1.0751.., end of June; Orleans and Bordeaux, 677 f, for the
15th of July; Boulogne, 605 f, end of June; Montereau,
545 f., ditto.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.

The sales of Cotton at Liverpool on Saturday were 6,000
bales, about one-third being on speculation. The market
was quiet at previous rates. There was a good deal of ex •
citement in the Share-market, owing to the Parlia-
mentary decision on the gauges. Great Western
were advancing, and Birmingham were heavy. Barns-
ley Junction, 7 ; Birkenhead and Cheshire Junction,
1114 1/2 ; Blackburn, Burnlsv, and Accrington, 914 ; Bel-
fast and Ballymena, 814 ; Bolton, Wigan, and Liverpool,
15% ; Caledmaian, 113/4 ; Caledonian Extension, 3 58s. 9d. ;
Cambridge and Lincoln, 41/2 %; Chester and Birkenhead,
631/2 611/2 •, Ditto, New Shares, 571/2 ; Ditto, Half Shares,
3114 31 ; Churnet Valley, 51/8 ; Cork and Bandon, 8 13s. 9d. •
Derby and Crewe, 68s. 6d. 314, ; Dublin and Wexford, 2
2 ; Dublin and Galway-, 635. 3%; Glasgow and Dumfries,
19s. 6d._. Glasgow and Ayr, 65 ; Gloucester and Dean
Forest, 114 ; Grand Junction, 241; Ditto, Half Shares,
1201/2 120; Ditto, New Quarter Shares, 5014 1/2 ; Grand
Union' 1/2 Bs. 6d. • Great Grimsby and Sheffield, 41/2 %;
Great Southern and Western Extension, 13; Great Western,
215 214 ; Ditto, Fifth Shares. 48 ; Ditto, 4014 ; Hud-
dersfield Canal and Railway, 6% ; Lancaster and Preston,
Three. uarter Shares, 331 A ; Leicester and Birmingham, I ;
Liver ava Wattrforct, ; Ittywool, thauskirk, saur