The Sun.
London, England, 1845-12-02 00:00:00

THE FIFTEENTH ANNIVERSARY
OF THE POLISH REVOLUTION.
On Saturday last, being the 29th of November, and
the fifteenth anniversary of the Polish Revolution, the
-Poles residing in London attended Divine service at the
Belgian Chapel, London-road. The Rev. S. P. Brze-
zinski. their fellow-countryman and exile, officiated, and
delivered a very impressive discourse. Afterwards they
assembled at Sussex-chambers, Duke-street, St.
James's, when
Captain JABLONSKI being unanimously called to the
chair, addressed the meeting, and depicted the present
state of their unfortunate country, the continued op-
pression, and the atrocious cruelies perpetrated on the
Polish nation, without regard to age or sex. The re-
ligious persecution and tortures which the Czar
Nicholas inflicted on his victims, whose only crime was
that they refused to abjure their religion and embrace
the Russian creed, were an indeliable blot with which
history would brand the civilisation of the 19th century.
Speaking of their hopes and means for the restoration
of Poland, Captain Jablonski said that a people of
twenty millions might for some time be oppressed, but
would not be subdued, and if they only concentrated
their own forces and relied on them, no enemy would
resist them. In con lesion, he said, that they must
firmly hope that the time was not far distant when they
would regain their country by their own endeavours.
The gallant gentleman was, during the delivery of
his energetic speech, much applauded.
The following resolutions were proposed to the meet-
ing and carried with unanimity :
Moved by Mr. WIEREINSKI, and seconded by Mr.
TORLECKI—" That the assembled Poles, ever faithful to
the cause for which they took up arms on the 29th of
November, 1830, although exiles from their land, but
happier than their brethren who live therein, in being
able to evince their sentiments publicly, do not cease to
protest against all the iniquitous deeds of foreign Powers,
by which the independence of Poland has been destroyed,
which independence is absolutely necessary, not only for
the welfare of twenty millions of the Polish people, but
also for the balance of power and security of peace to the
rest of Europe. They furthermore denounce to all civilised
nations the tyranny and hypocrisy of the Czar Nicholas,
who, far from relenting in his revenge, day afterday per-
petrates fresh cruelties over the unfortunate Poles, and
endeavours to annihilate their language, their religion,
and every vestige of their nationality, and they solemnly
declare that, trusting to Divine Providence and the jus-
tice of their cause, they are resigned to bear the hard-
ships of their exile, and are always ready to take up
arms against their foe, and shed their last drop of blood
in order to restore Poland to her independence, and re-
place her in the rank of free nations."
Moved by Mr. P. F. ZALESKI, and seconded by Mr.
PRUSINOWSKI—" That the Poles, warmly sympathising
with the cause of the free and independent Circassians,
express their admiration for the bravery, devotedness,
and perseverance of those hardy mountaineers and their
gallant chief, Shamil Bey, in resisting and repeatedly
defeating numerous forces of the coalmen enemy, the
Czar of Russia, who thinks to destroy their freedom,
and to subject them under his despotic sway ; and that
jhey hope, sooner or later, to see the cause of Circassia
Wumph, and the power and ambition of Nicholas hum-
noved by Mr. JacgowsKr, and seconded by Mr.
LEMAYSKI—" That the assembled Poles express their
warmest thanks to that youthful portion of the French
nation who, in an address presented by their deputation
to Prince Czsrtoryski, spontaneously manifested their
noble sympathy with the cause and misfortunes of
Poland, and their utmost indignation at the tyrannical
religious persecution which the Czar continues to exer-
cise in that unhappy country, and especially at the revolt-
ing cruelties and tortures recently perpetrated on the
Basylian nuns, who persisted in refusing to abjure the
faith of their forefathers and embrace the Russian creed."
Moved by Major GIELGITD, and seconded by Major
BENIOWSKI—" That the thanks of the Polish refugees
are due to the British nation for the hospitality they
lava met with in this country, and for the protection
'hey have found in its laws. In particular their thanks
are duo to the Corporation of the City of London, the
Literary Association of the Friends of Poland, the
Right Bon. Lord Dudley Coutts Stuart, and other pub-
lic bodies and private individuals, who have evinced
their sympathy with the misfortunes of Poland, and who
have generously endeavoured to alleviate the hard posi-
tion of the refugees."
Moved by Mr. SzimezEwsici, and seconded by Count
VALERIAN KRASINSKI—" That the thanks of the Poles
are due So the editors of the metropolitan and provincial
'ournals who have nobly taken part in advocating the
cause of Poland, and have painted out to the public the
implacable persecution of which that country is the
vistim."
the gentlemen w•ho moved and seconded the resolu-
developed them with talent and eloquence, and
were, in the course of thels speeches, repeatedly cheered.
Thanks having been voted P, the Chairman, the meet-
ing. which was exclusively compel eel of Poles, separated.

THE LATE BOILER EXPLOSION
AT SUNDERLAND.
On Friday an inquest was held at the Black Swan public-
house, near the Bishopwearmouth Ironworks, before Mr.
3laynard, Coroner, and a respectable jury, on view of the
bodies of John Sugden, John Oxlev, Wm. Phillips, and
Charles Cornforth, who were killed by the accident at the
above works. The room was crowded, and deep interest
evinced in the proceedings.
After viewing the bodies, three of which were frightfully
,mutilated, and the scene of the accident,
Mr. It. A. Davison stated that he had the honour to repre-
am; the Highway Board as their clerk, as the accident had
taker; place near a highway ; he also represeeted,a large body
of lanuowners of the immediate neighbourl:i&l, who fre-
quently l: ass that way. His object was not to throw blame
on any party, but to try if anything could be done to avert
any such melancholy accident as haeoccurred. ';Under such
circumstances, he trusted the Coroner would allow him to be

present.
The CORONER replied he certainly should be happy to do so.
John Jenks—l live At the South Cottage, Deptford-road,
and am foreman to the guide mill, that department of the
works in which the explosion took place. On Wednesday
last, at a quarter before eight o'clock in the morning, I was
in the guide mill, adjoining the steem-engine which works the
inaeliinery in the above mill and the puddling mill. The en-
gineman, Thomas Downey, came to me and said the boiler
nearest the engine leaked a little, but, probably, during the
day it would take up and become as tight as a bottle before
night. He did not say where it leaked. When he left me
Le went direct to the engine, and I saw him make prepare-
lions- for putting some meal into the boiler, with a view of
stopping the leak. At ten minutes past eight o'clock I left
the works and went home to my breakfast. I had not been
in the house, which is about 200 yards from the engine-house,
two minutes, when I heard a loud explosion from the di-
rection of the Ironworks. I immediately ran to the works,
and found the engine-house and a part of the warehouse
which adjoins it in a state of ruins. The boiler nearest the
engine was removed, and its seat also in ruins.
Er. David Holsgrove—l live in Mill-lane, and am a smith
and manager of the Derwent Ironworks. Five minutes after
eight o'clock on Wednesday morning I was in the low yard
of the works, about ten yards from the place of the accident ;
the men were rolling iron, and all was going on well. I went
Lome to breakfast, which would take mstwo minutes. On
sitting down I heard a very violent explosion from the works.
looked out of the house window, from which I had a view
of the works, and observed bricks, tiles, and pieces of timber,
threeor four feet long, about three hundred feet in the air.
I ranAlirectly up into the works, and found the engine-house
and rofling-mill, which are under a double roof set upon
pillars. in ruins. The floor was covered with bricks, tiles,
and timber. I called out for millwrights and joiners to come
and clear away, and sent other persons for doctors. John
..Sugden was found dead under the fly-wheel. He appeared
to have been killed ity the weight of materials which had
fallen upon him. John Oxley was found beyeond the hot
well ;William Phillips at the entrance of west side of
the works; he breathed twice, and then died. He had been
killed by the falling of the roof Charles Cornforth was
found close by the iron rolls, where he was working. His
,clothes were on fire, and my impression is, he shouted once,
and then died. The ruin which I saw had been caused by
the explosion of the south boiler. The engine was of 30.
horse power—a high-pressure engine, and was usually worked
at a pressure of 3;lb. to the inch. The boiler was made of
Park-gate plates, which is considered a good description of
iron ; it was three-eighths in thickness. It has been in use
:nine months, and was provided with a safety-valve, one on
each, and a valve between the two, to regulate the water in
etch boiler. I have particularly examined the boiler that
lyi.nt• and the examination I have made leads me to form
3orner idea as to the cause of its bursting. There had been
at thelime of the explosion a deficiency of water in the
boiler. .It is evident, from that examination, that the water
had beer below the top of the flues. In some parts of the
sides of th e boiler there are marks of its having been red hot.
When a boiler is red hot steam is then rapidly and sud-
denly generas:ed. This would account for the explosion ; but
my opinion is, that water had first escaped from the boiler
upon the tire, end by the sudden generation of steam there
had been lifted off its seat. I have known a boiler red hot
and not explode. The seat of the south boiler was entirely
blown down ; the wall in which the boiler was planted was
a very strong wall, made of bricks, and two feet in thickness.
There was water in the south boiler, for when it went up
water escaped in various directions.
Several other witnesses were examined.
The CORONER said, the next witness, and the most impor-
tant one, would be the enginernan, Thomas Downey, and it
appeared, from the statement of Dr. Brown and Dr. Mordey,
that it would not be advisable to take his examination to-
day. If, therefore, it would be convenient to the jury, he
:would adjourn the inquest until Monday.
The jury signified their acquiescence, and the inquest was
acosirdingly adjourned to Monday.
Three other persons who were injured by the explosion,
and nt:w remain at the infirmary, are not expected to re-
cover. The remainder of them are going on favourably.
Operations ore rapidly
proceeding with such repairs as are
necessary to rseonamence work.
THE VERDICT.
BISTIOTWEARSIoUTII, IioNDAY.—The Coroner and jury rd
assembled this morning at the Londonderry Arms, !Bishop.
wearmouthi when,
after the examination of one or two wit-
nesses, the jury returned the following verdict :—" That the
deceased, John Sugden, and ethers, came by their deaths by
the sudden explosion of a boiler from some cause to the
jurors unknown, and that they consider Thomas Downey
enginetnan, censurable for not apprising John Robson,
the
the engineer, of the leakage in the boiler ; andthe said John
Robson censurable for not more minutely exanaiuing the en.
g'4ne-ancl
Ines g
TURN-OUT AT MANCIIESTER—On
public meeting of journeymen tailors
*as evening'
Pu G rratt-r d respecting
Garrott-road, , mat-
Was held in Carpenter's Hall, a
tors connected with the late tt!rn• out of about three hundred
called to the ;chair.
Several that body. Sohn Nash, tailor,
Several speakers,
redaddress the meellinaig,atn.4 resolutions ere
adopted condemning hwduc of cer am imager tailors,
'who, it was alleged, had forced the men to turn-ouut t, not be-
cause they had asked for an advance of Was
b because
they wished to work on the masters' premises instead of
theile own badly-ventilated dwellings, which were rendered
still snore uncomfortable and unhealthy by: the system of
home-working hatherto adopted. A. memorial to the House
Of Commons was agreed:to, praying the House to appoint a
commission of inquiry into the sanitary condition of the Jour
neemen tailors of this town ; and it was resolved that the
Members fee Manchester should be requested to present the
:memorial, and that Mr. Brotherton, MP. for Salford, should
be asked to supportits prayer..—Manchester Guardirnz.
Dispatches were sent off yesOrday evening from the
Colonial-office for the Governors of the West India
Colonies. Dispatches were also sent off last evening
for the reoverners of New kfoutih. Wales and South
Australia.