The Sun.
London, England, 1828-04-03 00:00:00

of our presence, has also lept some of the Portu-
guese troops faithful to the ,Constitutional cause as
yet, althoUgh .1 have been told that the Prine has
paid a visit to• some of the barracks in the night, to ascer-
tain how the soldiers were disposed. It is true, that sol-
diers in general are mere machines, and will side with those
who pay best or promise the greatest reward, but although
an address from the Minister at War, in the name of the
Prince Itegent,•to the Army, appeared in the Lisbon Ga-
zette a few days ago, calling on the soldiers to be faithful
to him?and putting them in mind of the services which
they rendered to hiM in 1823, when he upset the former
constitution, none of the Regiments have as yet made any
movement in his favour ; on- the contrary the people of St.
Mies a few days ago, endeavoured to cause the 6th Regiment
of the Line to shout" Don Miguel the First, and absolute
King," which they returned by " Long live Pedro the
Fourth, and the Constitution !" - A row was the result,
when the soldiers, in their own defence, fired upon the mob,
and killed and wounded about twenty persons. Indeed,
that place is in such a disturbed state, that all the foreign
merchants had to send their establishments on board such
ships (not Portuguese) as they could find yin the harbour.
I understand that two of the Masters of the Uni-
versity of Coimbra have also been killed in an af-
fray, in which they had endeavoured to excite the
people to Absolutism. Notwithstanding all this, how-
ever, provided our troops are withdrawn, the Constitution
cannot stand, as all means are at work under sanctign of
the Prince, to effect this purpose. Many persons are sur-
prised how this young man could have imposed so much
on the people of England. Those. who know him best
here, describe him as cruel, treacherous, and cowardly.—
Of late be has been in.such fear, that he will plot go from
one part of the Palace to the other without a person walk-
ing before him witha drawn sword, and since his arrival he
has not tasted any food except that cooked by his nurse.--
I was happy to learn, after despatching my last letter, that
the Marquis.of Fronteira had escaped, and accompanied
Count Villa Flor to England. The latter Nobleman left
two horses, which he had received from the Princess (late
Regent) as a p4sent list year; in charge of Lord W. Pau-
' lett and another British' officer, but Dpn Miguel had them
taken away by force ; it is evident how he would treAt the
• Count himself if he were in his power. Baron Quintella,
one of the richest Noblemen in the country, is preparing
. to quit Portugal ; and poor General Saldanha, who arrived
• here the day before yesterday by the steam-packet from
England, has not. landed, but sought protection on board
one of our ships of war. Such is the state of things in
this unhappy country.

It is *with sincere regret that we perceive the
exertions of some of our cotemporaries to advocate
the introduction of Poor Laws into Ireland. One
of them, too,. is 'a great Political Economist, and
yet, strangely enough, seems enamoured of a system
which is reprobated by all the great authorities .on
that interesting but despised science. ADAM SMITH,
MALTHUS, and RICARDO, differ on other points, but
with one consent they reprobate those odious laws
which, founded on. erroneous and impracticable
notions of charity, threaten to achieve what is their
'obvious tendency—the destruction of 'national pro-
perty and manly independence.
It is surely pot necessary at this time of day to
point out the errors of the system7-exposed as-they
have been by the authorities to whom we have
referred, but we will just allude to one- or two steps
'in the chain of reasoning by which their absurdity is

plainly demonstrated. In the first place, it is clear 1
that tyre most fertile spots of the earth are left un-
cultivated., where men have not an 'exclusive interest
in. •
the soil—where private property,, in short, is un-
known. •This principle equally affects the plains
where the American Indians subsist by hunting, and
'the 'commons of our own country, which are, of
course; never cultii,ated till appropriated by an En-
closure Bid. Men-will not sow where others may
.reap. •
Taxation' for state purposes •is no, violation of this
principle,' being for the benefit of the taxed, or in.
discharge of their just debts. But the Poor Rates'
are not levied directly or indirectly, for the benefit of
those Who pay them. They are. a palpable violation
of private property. The Squire of the parish is no
longer the owner of his estate. 'He may have the
largest share ; but there is not a pauper in the
parish who has not a vested interest in the property.
-In short, it is already a common ; and whenever the

shares become more equal—whenever the pauper's

proportion increases to a leVel with that of the
Squire, (a process now going forward with great
activity); the land will, of course, be deSerted, and
the population must be reduced to what can subsist
on the animals that graze On-it in its natural state. •
This then is the principle whio is to be intro-
duced, to raise Ireland from her present degradation.

Because.the yellow fever is raging you wish to intro-
duce the cholera. Because it has been for centuries
kept in a flame by one party domineering over,
the others, you must cure the. evil by making them
what England is•—a Joint Stock Company of
Paupers—where the spirit of man no longer revolts
at being dependant ou Others—but basely cringes to
the bloated and insolent dispenser: of the Parish
Rates.
We ate blessed with nearly a thousand Legis-
-lators, of one sort or another, and really it
is too bad that none of them can suggest any
cure for Ireland,. better than doubling her Ills.
.But We would especially call on the Right Hon.
Secretary for the Home Department to persist in
his opposition, to this infatuated project, and by
doing
..so he will redeem part of the evil which his
unfortunate View of the Catholic Question has mainly
contributed to perpetuate in that devoted country.

Hamburg}, Papers of the 29th ult. say that the
Russian Army aetually crossed the Pruth on the
13th of March :

HAMEURGH, MARC-1 28.
We have received, from Good authority, the news that the
Russian troops actually crossed the Pruth on the 13th of
this month. •

ODESSA, ILARCH 7,

Only 40 of the merchantmen have been engaged as
transports. Some have also been freighted at Taganrog
for the same purpose, at the high rate of three rubles per
`chetwert per month. The report of the prohibition of the
exportation of wheat is opt confirmed. An Austrian ship,
with a Cargo of wheat,. will sail with the first fair. wind.
Some of our articles Of export (for instance, tallow) have
already fallen considerably in•price.

WARSAW, MARCH 17

His Majesty the Emperor and King has approved the
plan for the organisation of a General Consistory for the
Protestant religion in the whole kingdom of Pciland. •
HESSE CASSEL, MA RCP! 21.

We understand that our Government has decidedly re-
fused to join Prussia in a common system of import auties,
but that it. will probably accede to the Conention between
Bavaria and Wurtemburg. -Hesse Darmstfult, on the con-
trary, has joined Prussia.
VIENNA, 3IARCH 22.
Aletalliques, 89i ; Bank Shares, 1,027.
ODESSA, MARCH 4.
As the sea is beginning to get clear of the ice, the vessels
laden with ammunition and provisions for account of the
Government, are preparing to sail to Georgia. Four Rus-
sian men-of-war are now in sight of the port.
The Austrian Observer contains the following note
from St. Petersburgh; March 8 :---
Au Order of the,Day to the imperial Guard says, that
two battalions of each:regiment of infantry, and all the ca-
valry and flying artillerOf 'that corps, must be ready to
march on the ISth of 'Ail (new style)."

Norfolk Papers (Virginia) to the lst March hare
been received at the North and South American
Coffee-house; they, contain nothing of particular

interest:

The Herald of the 27t14 February states," We
learn.by the Ontario, which arrived at New York on
Tuesday, that the Colony of 111essurado, on the 7th
'Dec., was in goothhealth, and in a flourishing condi-
tion. Commodore COLLIER, the British Common-