The Sun.
London, England, 1821-11-23 00:00:00

FOR. THE SUN.

Enrron,—There has seldom been a case
of apparent inhumanity more calculated to excite
\public compasiion than that brought forward by
:qr. PEARSON yesterday in the Court of King's
Bench, if the facts stated by that Gentleman are
foUnded in truth. The two females, however,
. ,
mast be unprovided with means to resort to the
law for iustice, and therefore it is highly honour-
able to Mr. Peattsom that he has undertaken
their cause. From the known firnmess,and per-
v'everance of that Gentlernan;4it is to be hoped
that he will not suffer his clients to assent
to 2.ny compromise which May bl proposed
by the parties to whom the acts of inhumanity
are imputed, but that, if they are really proved
to be guilty, They may be stigmatized by the
contempt of all mankind. It appears that the
subject has been a- topic of general conversation
in the county of Stafford, where the transactions
occurred; and the names of the parties must, of
course, be generally known in that quarter.H
Why they should not have been mentioned in the
Court -it is difficult to say. In your Paper the•
females thus stated to have been insulted and
injured are Mrs. SCARRY and Miss EvAws, and,
in other Journals, they are called Mrs. CARY
and Miss 1.:LT.1F.; but, whatever may be their

names, they at present appear to be objects of
public benevolence, and, therefore, I. sincerely
hope that some friends of justice and humanity
will open a subscription to enable them to sup-
port the expence that must unavoidably attend the
prosecution of their suits and also for their decent
subsistence till the matter is legally decided. The
friendship which Miss EVANS, or Ews, has
sbewn to her unfortunate companion, in sharing

her alleged hardships and sufferings, is a proof'
of goodness of heart that cannot but render her
an object of general esteem, if the pacts stated
are authentic. To Mr. PEIRSON the public will
look with confidence that nothing shall take place
to impede the course of justice. Again let me
urge the propriety of a public subscription in be-
half of these females, as it is impossible to sup-
pose that a gentleman, so discerning-, so expe-
rienced,
,and so intrepid an advocate for truth
and justice as Mr. PEARSON, would have brought
the matter into Court unless he was himself con-
vinced that the unfortunate women were entitled

FOR THE SUN.

HOLY ALLIANCE-LETTER 111.

MR. EDIT aa—The peinciples upon -which the Holy Alliance
are founded are very warmly approved by those persons who
consider it as %harrier, which the Sovereigns of Europe have op-
posed to the overwhelming torrent of anti-social doctrines,
which seemed to threaten every maneicily with inevitable des-
truction. As x mere political measure, it may be therefore
considered as wholly unobjectionable. But is it founded on
justice and on equity ? and does it not threaten thatindepend-
ence, which every patriotic mind must cherish, and every high
end noble-minded nation must support ? In its nature it is cer-
tainly both a novelty and 'an anomaly in the annals of politics.
In its purpose it seems no less certainly an indirect charge of dis-
loyalty, brought by each of the Sovereigns against their re-
spective subjects. It seems a tacit iicknowledgment that there
exists at present against them alpirit of opposition, and a gene-
! rat dissatisfaction which threatens their authority, and which it
requires their joint efforts to subdue. In this respect, it may
be, therefore, considered as a political blister, which may do
somegood, but which, in the mean time, produces a consider-
able nervous irritation in the patient, and an earnest wish, on
his part, to gee„ speedily rid of the troublesome remedy. It has
this peculiarity, that it has no other object in view but the im-
mediate advantage of the Sovereign. The only benefit the
people would be likely to derive from it is perhaps the enjoy-
ment of internal and domestic tranquillity. This is, no doubt,
a considerable advantage ; but is it net more than counterba-
lanced by the state of abject subjection to which it must neces-
wally reduce them ? The only curb a nation possessed over
the actions of. Its Sovereign was the faculty of expressing its
disapprobation of his conduct ; and the dread of a rebellion,
which might deprive him of his authority and of his crown,
kept the Sovereign within the bounds of justice and of modera-
tion. This remedy, like many of those employed in curing our
diseases, was, no doubt, violent in its nature, and dangerous in
the application ; but it tnay still be asserted that its opeiation
proved beneficial to the social body. It preserved, in some-
thing like an equilibrium, the balance between the Sovereign
and his subjects, which must otherwise preponderate wholly
towards the former, and thus hourly endanger the legal
liberty of the latter. The Kings of our days seem aware
of this fact, and having seen their Thrones shaken by this vio-
lent explosion of popular feeling, they have sought their own
personal security in a close union with one another, and they
have given to this novel association the imposing name of Holy
Alliance.

This singular compact has not, however, been ranch connte
nanced in this Country, because its very principles are contrary
to the rights and privileges of British Subjects. But have not
all men, in every nation whatever, some rights and privileges,
against which this Alliance must necessarily militate ? If we
are, therefore, disposed to disapprove this institution, as far as
it might concern ourselves, how can it possibly, with any degree
of justice, meet with our approbation, when it is applied to
others ? A principle is either good and just, in itself, or it is
bad and unjust. If it be essentially good and proper, it must
necessarily be so under every possible circumstance, and if it
be bad and improper, no difference in time or place can make
any alteration he its nature. Now the efforts of Nations, in
ancient as well as in modern times, either to maintain their
Constitutional rights, or to recover theirindependence,have ever
been considered as meritorious, deserving the admiration of
posterity, and the praises of every liberal and patriotic mind.—
We hail the sacred flame of patriotism, whether it glimmer in
the depth of past ages, or blaze forth in all the splendour o
more modern times. In our veneration for this first of political
virtues, we are induced to smother even the suggestions of self-
interest, and applaud tile conduct of a Washington no less than
that of a William of Nassau. And yet, did not the people, those
eminent men led to independence, rise in arms against their
legitimate Sovereigns ? Whatever just motives they may have
had to shake off the yoke of their respective Monarchs, and
their motives must be just since their action is applauded,
would they not, in our days, have been exposed to the ven-
geance of the Holy Alliance ?
The right of a nation to change its Constitution, or to oppose
the tyrannical and oppressive conduct of its Rulers, is a question
which is not only difficult in itself, but of which the discussion
may be attended with some degree of danger, more particularly
at the present period. It is, however, of infinite importance to
the preservation of the internal tranquillity of States. Were
the respective rights of both the Sovereign and the subject clear-
ly defined, and thoroughly understood, both would be more
easily kept within the bounds of justice and of moderation. In
every State there certainly does exist a social compact between
the Governor and the governed, which is not less binding upon
the one than upon the other. Hence it is equally unlawful for
a Sovereign to trample under foot the rights of his subjects, as
it is for a nation to refuse obedience to the laws of a Monarch,
whose government is consonant to the constitution of the coun-
try. The effects produced upon the great social body, is not
however the same in both of these cases. The encroachments
of the Sovereign over the privileges of hiS people are unavoid-
ably slow and gradual : whilst the effort of the latter to recover
their native liberties, like that of a spring long compressed,
is sudden and violent. The one may undermine the independ-
ence of one nation ; but the other produces a shock terrible in
itself, and Which may be followed by a most dangerous re-
action. The Sovereign sets an example that other Monarchs
may or may .not follow ; whilst no nation can rise against its
legitimate government, without awakening the same inclination
amongst its neighbours. Were the Holy Alliance formed for
the express purpose of preserving the equilibrium between the
people and the ruling powers ; thus, indeed, it might prove con-
ducive to the welfare of society, and would be hailed as the wel.
come harbinger of happiness and •of peace. It is, however,
avowedly established for the express purpose of maintaining the
present Sovereigns on their thrones, with such exceptions, how-
ever, as POLICY or INCLINATION may suggest, and to compel
any nation to bow down with submission beneath the yoke of
its Rulers. Ittssumes, therefore, as a matter of right, the in-
terference of one or more powers, in the internal concerns of any
nation ; an interference which certainly appears totally tricorn-
.patible with the principles of national independence., It is;
perhaps something like a modern amphytionic council ; but
with this difference, that here the parties interested in the cause
act not only as judges, but moreover engage to carry any sen-
tence they
,may pronounce into execution. And with such
disinterested judges, the decision cannot be for a moment
doubtful.

The peace and the happiness of nations seems scarcely com.
patible with the principles of an aristocracy and despotic Go-
vernment. The nobler feelings of the human mind are crushed
beneath the iron grasp of despotism: it is only under the genial
influence of a Government where the authority of the Monarch
and the rights of the subject are pretty, evenly balanced, that
they expand and flourish in all their native dignity and energy.
The union between the governor and the governed is close and
durable only when the interests of each are intimately con-
nected ; but whenever they happen to be at variance, nothing

but discord can be expected to ensue. In a contest of this an-
ture the victory of either party must prove injurious to the so-
cial body. If the Sovereign prevail, tyranny will be the result ;
if victory declare in favour of the people, a system 'of anarchy
will be more probably established. It is, therefore, undoubtedly
the interest of society in general, and' f each Nation in particu-
lar, that the equilibrium of porter be carefully preserved. 1
say that it is the interest of society in general, because Nations
are now so interwoven one with the other that hardly any change
can be effected in one, without affecting, more or less, the whole
political system of Europe, whiCh will be disturbed whether
such change lead to a Republic or to a Military Despotism.—
Of the two, I am inclined to consider a Military Despotism as
the change which would most effectually endanger the peace
and tranquillity of Europe. Hence do I venture 'to condemn a
system calculated indeed to keep the people in subjection, but
which presents us with no barrier to oppose the encroachments
of the Sovereign. Having already trespassed too much i:pon
the columns of your Paper, I shall beg leave to continue this
subject at a future period.
Ewhurst. A. P.

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Tl-17!4: SUN.

SOLEM QUIS DICERE F.4LSUM AUDEAT ?

LONDON,
FitIDAY, NOVEMBER 23, IS2I.

[Extract of a Letter from Baltimore, Oct. 22.]

" The brig Maryland arrived in this port yes-
terday in 18 days from •Curacoa. On the 29th
September fell in with the brig Boston of Selim,
from St. Domingo, with a cargo of mahogany ;
the brig was upset in a squall, her masts were
cut away, but the hull was water-logged. Capt.
DOYLE was washed overboard and drowned, and
the mate perished for'want of food ; on the 26th
a seaman expired from the same cause.. Shock-
ing to relate, these men were without any food,
-except a few grains of Indian corn, or fluids that
proceeded from their own bodies, for 15 days.
Three of the remaining crew were taken from
the wreck, and have arrived in good health."

[From the late New York Papers.]

"COMMERCE AND NAYIGATION.-The shipping
in the. Port of New York, up to the Ist October,
presents a striking view of the extent of the
commerce of that port, both foreign and domes-
tic. The number of ships are 81, gun-brigs 58 ;
of these ten were foreign, the rest American. At
the same time there were 50 schooners in port,
all of which are employed, in the coasting trade,
except a small number trading to the West In-
dies ; and there were 105 sloops ; all but 18 are
employed in the Sound and River trade ; in ad-
dition to this evidence of business, there are now
building for the New York merchants 11 large
ships and brigs."

[Extract of a Letter from St. John's, Oct. 10.]

The landing of the first settlers in New Bruns
wick was celebrated here on the 4th inst. Three
spacious tables were laid out in King's-square,
and at one o'clock an ox was roasted whole, and
each table supplied amidst the acclamations of
the people.

PORT OF QUEBEC, OCT. 22.—0 R the 12th o

this month the schooner Dolphin arrived in 13
days from Anticosti.,,iwith 20 passengers, being
the remainder of the people wrecked in the Dal-