The Sun.
London, England, 1821-08-24 00:00:00

FATAL AFFRA YatC UMBERLAND GATE.

ADJOURNED INQUEST ',lt the BODY ofG. FRANCIS.
FOURTH DAY, AUGUST 23.
The CORONER. resumed the inquiry.yesterday,
touching, the death of George Francis, killed on
the 14th instant, at Camberland-gate.
Mr. French, examined on the first day of the
Inquisition, attended again in pursuance of a
summons from Mr. Harmer, but was not ques-
tioned.

Witnesses.called by Mr..llANsox. •
John Loyd, a servant to Lord Bagot,. sworn.
--I take care of Lord
.1 Bagot's house, No. 19,
Great Cumberland-street, and I am also a door-
keeper at the Cobourg Theatre. Lord Bagot's
'house stands at the corner of Cumberland-street.
The front. of the !souse looks into Oxfordestreet„
and there are three windows in 07(1(3rd-street on
each floor. On the day of the Queen's funeral
I was •at the -dining-roder window. e I saw the
funeral approach.. The dining room window is
on the ground floor, nearly opposite Cumberland
gate ; a great number of persons were on •the
spot during the morning; just before the funeral
arrived people came from the Park and Park-
' lane, and closed the gates; the he'arse was jo the
Park; the soldiersendeavoured to open the gate;
' three undertakers' men cerne.with the soldiers to
'open the gate ;
.the People
_made a resistance ;
they endeavoured to keep the gate shut, :and
pelted the soldiers with stones; a great mob was
assembled ; a cloud of stories was flying ; they
attempted to get paving stones, but they were too
heavy ; I saw the stories flying at the soldiers; I
AO not know where they got the stones ; my
opinion is they brought them there. I saw the
gate partly closed after it had been opened by the
soldiers; the people struggled with the soldiers ;
the soldiers wished to open them, the people to
keep them shut ; an opening was at last effected ;
I observed the horses of the hearse pass through
the gate; the people laid hold of the horses to
turn their -heads towards St. Giles's ; the leaders
were turned, and the soldiers, with the under-
taker's men, turned them again by force, towards
Tyburn-gate. During this- time the throwing of
stones continued with more violence than ever.
I saw several soldiers struck by brickbats and
stones ; I e- onsidered some of them .severely
struck : I saw one struck on the head ; his cap was
struck off. When the G ua: ds passed, I saw several
soldiers with blood running-down their facese---the
side of the face. The stones were large, some as big
as bricks some stones three or four pounds
weight. I saw no firing ;if there had been any
firing at Cumberland-gate, tit. this time, I must
have heard it. The sound orfiring" struelt my
ear after the soldiers tad passed, The -time'
which elapsed between throwing the stones, and
the sound of firing, was 'about seven or ten mi-
nutes. I thought' the soldiers behaved with the
greatest forbearance; they seemed brought to
that discipline, that they could bear pelting.
This opinion is -founded on what I observed ; I
never saw them attempt to cut at any man ; they
drove them back, acid flourished their swords to
intimidate the people.
Cross-examination by Mr. HARMAN.--He went
occasionally to the windows. When any one
rang at the bell, he left.the window ; he saw the
soldiers ride at the people, but not on. them; I
saw them ride to drive the people back; 1 do
not know that I went from the window more
thin three times; I do not know that I was ab-
sent each time more than half a minute ; I can-
not tell what occurred while I was absent; I
will swear I never saw'rin attempt made by the
soldiers to cut the people had been
cut where I was, I must have see-i it ; the pro-
cession and soldiers passed twenty or thirty yards
on when the firing ;was heard; when they passed
our house there was a ringing at our-bell, and I
went from the window ; the people retreated
when the soldiers rode after them ; they re-
treated. I cannot state whether the soldiers re-
treated as far as the Hyde Park Hotel ;: a Gen-
tleman 'came to Me to "ask 'whether I could give
any inforination: (Heie the witness pointed to
Mr. Hanson.) That is 'the Gentleman; I was.
not at home when he came ; I cannot tell exactly'
all the perions in the house who were looking
out at the windows.
A Juror—Yes you can. •
Mr. HARMER—Give us some of the names.
Witness—Dr. Osgood was in the w hut-
roorn, Mr.Tzar, and 'three Ladies ; one was Mrs.
Begot, who is related to Lord 13a,zot. I did not
see any one wounded at Cumberland-gate; I had
the window up ; no stone struck the windows. I
saw the swords floeriShed at Cumberland-gate.
bnt I did not see them strike a man. The,
swords were not going. With 'great velocity-. There
was no. firing during the, ,time -the • hearse tame
through Cuinberierid-gate and epass.ed Lord Ba-
got's hotise. The men who assist.eot.he soldiers,_
to open- the gate,undertaker's
men. appeared` to 'be
men. He could ndt say whether they were
undertakers or constables: they had short black
staves.

Re-examined by Mr. lIANotg--;-Thernen with
stavesassi.sted:tbe soldiers to open the gate.
Mr..HAttmEn complained of a contradiction;
inasmuch as the witnesssaid,the.persons who,as-
sisted the soldiers to open the gate, appeared to
him to be undertaker's men. He had' subsequently
said they were Peace-officers..
The witness, explained that circumstance.
In answer-to a question put by a Juror, he said
he'did not apprehend any dahger at the window ;
there. vas, however, he 'admitted, danger from
the stones.
.Dr'.' Henry; 01)a-ries Els of 92, Park-street.
Grinvenor-squaie., sworn. = I am a tfurgeon ; on,
a:6'l4th of this imOnth I was on the 'balcony at

Lord Bagot's house, and 5111 y the Queen's funeral;
I .was there before the procession arrived. Prior
_to the arrivai, the soldiers outside the. gate went
witllett the gate. There were twelve Life Guards
and an Oflicer. Immediately on the first part of
the Precession c-oming up to the gate, the first
object that struck my -attention was a man in
-black on horseback at the gate. I-observed a
soldier behind him strike the man with :the.-flat
part, of his sword. The people at that time were
hissing and hooting. The gates were. shut
iiii-
mediately after the mateon horseback got through,
I. cannot say by whom. There was -a contention.
between the mob and some constables and soldiers e.
during: this-contention the stones began- to fly in.
Oxfordestreeteand. Curnbesland-street ; the.stoneS
were thrown at the seldier:eet the gate ; in the
midst-of eehe- eol4i!e're.---evithitt the -Park
came:out, and began to-•clearaway the mob;
observed the Officer inelearticular; he appeared
to resent the acts of the. mob more than the-rest,
,and consequently got more violence than the rest ;
I saw several stones strike him and his horse ; on
the street being sernewhatavared the first carriage
passed through, and then the hoarse came up ;
the right hand leading horse was taken by a man,
and four horses out of six turned down eastward,
towards St. Giles's ; the.: postillion resisted him
much ; the Life Guards at this time were at Ty-
burn-gate, and they turned back towards the
Edgeware-road ; stones were then thrown with
violence ; a man who seemed to-have hold of the
hearse doore.was struck by a stone on the stomach,
and could not go on for some time; I saw the
soldiers struck repeatedly, at the time the
hearse was going through. At this time eight of
the Life Guards drew off, -and stood under
Lord Bagot's window ; during two or three
minutes they remained there, the mourning
.coaches and hearse passed on to the Edgeware-
road ; stones were constantly thrown at this time ;
one of the Blues passing through the gate, was
knocked down ; I saw several of the crowd at
this time struck -by the soldiers, as I thought
with the flat of their swords ;*the hearse leaving
Cumberland-gate, passed Tyburn-gate ; the mob
then seemed quiet for two or three minutes,
which led me to make the observation to a per=
son near me, that I thought they were reading
the Riot Act ; about two minutes after I heard
firing ; the first shot I heard was at the iron
railing, near Cumberland-gate:; the people were
running in the Park ; many persons were in the
Park ; I saw two or three other shouts in the
same direction, and remember, three in Oxford-
street. After the firing the. hearse proceeded up
Edgeware-road.. ,J,then otverred a cessation of
violence on the part of the nob,. just before the
firing. The soldiers I thought had gained their
point, and I saw nothing to. justify the firing at
that moment.. The streets were cleared for the
procession to pass. I saw the hearse at the toll-
house at the time. I could not see what was pass-
ing in the Edgewnre-road. I-will not say what
was passing .there. If the stones had been flying
in the direction of the Edgeware-road I must
have seen them ; the Life Guards were at Ty-
burn-gate and Oxford-road, when they :rfired'; I
conclude there must have been some in the Edge-
ware-road ; the men who had -been stationed
there returned, and appeared to be on good terms
with the people.
Cross-examined by Mr. IfenetEn,—He saw no
shot fired down towards the gdgeware-road; he
saw shots fired into ,the Park -and down Oxford-
street. ; the People ran away through the
Park. ; they were throwing 'stones after the
soldiers. fired e 'one mane, in a Merry An-
drew. style, " Do you think .to frighten
us ?" I thought they:were then preparing to fire;
six, eight, or ten of the Life Guards, drew off to
Lord Bagot's house, where they remained, shew-
ing the greatest .forbearence ; stones were re-
peatedly thrown at th?R),.. but none struck the
windows where I was standing ; I. did not see Sir
Rehett Baker; the men about the gate had corn-.
man Constables staves, . Thee first thing I saw
was a man en horseback led-through the gate.by
another man ;in the effort to: get him through the
btidlefireke; a soldier behind. struck the man
theltlat of his sword ; hemight have receiv,--
ed.-bloWs which I did not see.; I saw. no.man.cut;
no blood from any •of
_the crowd ; I saw blood.
on the faces, breeches, and ,gloves ;. I...eannot say
it was the bieed of tlie.people ; froin
the stones. An . Officer.iyali..4ort.e. treated- than
any of the rest; whereveteehe :Went. live otesik.
met him, and threw stones- fit. biro. I heard .the

. ;
cry. of " shame!" when the man ,Francik tvas
wounded ; I saw.him..hleeding, ..and thought he
. had been woundecl with a sabre, cut ; I was" not
aware , then that..they bad, fired with
_balls.-
canocit say whethr!tbe man coming through .the,
•gate_Was wounded ;.he wire a young slim .man,.
'on..a grey horse. Froth the-action,of the.swords,-,
sokne- must have been wounded crorn.the
.of the soldiers, it appeared to hhn..that.-some-of
the people might have..been hurt,.though
not sees it ; the soldiers; were .so surrounded., and,
„there was such a general contest,- I,lttink ,they •
must ifave injured the.,ieople,.L.nt .notintention
ally. After 'the hearse passed upaliklgewarerroatl,
the sOldlers'had 'gained. their poittt,auth.there was
.nothing' to justi?Y firing; A.-.thit:k it, might hive.
„heen.avoided..- The people threw.. stones before
the firing ; the people -.thought- they • *ere- firing.
powder.- I saw violence committed by the peo
ple and the soldierS ; :a-man struck: at :an officer
with an Umbrella 3 the-officer warded offilie.hhiw

with I►is sword, and :truck at hlin swain, Kit!i-
out doing any hkjury. ; the' man then !fit the 'Olll--
CC-I'N horse.

, .14r. 41 A int Ell-TYd the offirgr, yide,'Arter
.71-A. No; he ri)ile on ; the-man.was
ang:e, w hide carried him behind the officer, who

probably thought the mail struck his horse by
accident.

CORONER—Was this a young man
Had he light or dark hair 1-I'do. not recollect,
-but I remember he seerned.'&li;hteti with the
contest, and his escape.
A Jury—Then it was a friendly contest per-
haps ?—No ; I do not suppose it Was,
Mr. HARMER—Was it the man or the officer
who seemed delighted with the contest ?—The
officer did
.not seem angry. -
A-Joror—Dil you see Et n y soldierS fire.' perpen-
dicular 1-1 did not ; there Were however many
shots' I did not see fired.

Did they" level at the people ?—No,. they fired
without any aim. I think I. saw the first "shot,;.
l there were then Ihree.in slicr..ion. :,: thc-Kc..sf.:-_,7..tz...
• I savvy-fired were discharged promiscuously; I
saw none take aim—they fired, re-loaded,'.and
fired without taking aim.
_
Here Mr. Jackson, one of the Jury, requested
permission of the Coroner to retire. He accord,
ingly left the room, and some time after, the Co-
roner was told Mr. Jackson was so unwell, that
he could not attend the Inquest before another day.
Mr. HARMER suggested; in consequence of the
absence of Mr. Jackson, an immediate adjourn--
ment, until they could have the benefit of that
Gentleman's attendance. It was impo;sible, he
said, to finish the Inquest that night. . Indepen.
dent of that consideration, there was one of the
greatest weight. They had but thirteen men on
the Jury, and Mr. Jackson was absent, and if
two out of the thirteen should not be unanimous,
they could have no verdict. The Coroner could
not take a verdict unless twelve men agreed. In
case two should not agree, they would not have
a verdict with eleven. On the whole, an adjourn-
ment was the wisest course they could pursue.
Mr. HANSON stated, that Mr. Jackson on the
first day of the Inquest said he was unwell.
A Juror.—Mr. Jackson has not been well
these three years.
-Mr. HANsoN then said, I cannot conclude my
case to-night. I propose calling ten witnesses
to-morrow ; I cannot call them to-night for this
reason : the Jury, in the Edgware-road, have
examined part of my witnesses, and they canno
come here before to-morrow.

It was then arranged, with the consent of thp.
_Jury, that the Inquest should be adjourned till
to-morrow, at four o'clock.
The Coroner accordingly adjourned at eight
o'clock.

FOR THE SUN.

REDUCTION OF SALARIES.

To THE RIGHT RON. THE EARL or LIVERPOOL.

MY LORD—It is with deep • regret that I obtrude myself on
your Lordship's notice, but, as the subject upon which I shall
venture to offer a few'remarks is of essential importance to a
numerous and meritorious class of men, I shall not suppose for
a moment that you will consider it beneath your attention.
It is rumoured that his Majesty's Government have it in
contemplation to reduce the emoluments of all civil departments
Ns nearly as possible to the level of those wbich existed in the.
year 1797. In proposing tliii period as the basis of their pro-
ceedings, I feel assured that they have been misled by false in-
formation, for a palpable act of injustice could never receive
their sanction, nor could a measure so injurious to the interests
of hundreds have met with their approbation, if its fate had de-
pended on its own Merits.

In the year 1797, it is a matter of notoriety that most,if not
• all civil situations, were greatly underpaid, and it is scarcely,
necessary to adduce any other argurnent in support of this asser-
tion, than the simple fact, that in many offices the salaries had
not been 'increased for twenty or thirty years previously to that
period. This circumstance; lam convinced, must have es-
caped your Lordship's observation ; for you could never wish
it to be understood that'you consider money as valuable now as
it was fifty or sixty years agO. But admitting for a moment.that
this was the case, let us consider the subject in another point of
view. A young-man, after an expensive education, accepts a
situation in a public office (to which only a small salary is an-
nexed), on 'the implied condition that his own .good condnet
Will, after a certain number of years, insure him a comfortable
maintenance. I-1e marries on 'these, expectations-;' it
difficulty that he supports himself and family on his limited in-
come. :At this critical :moment an order comes down from the
• Treasury, directing that -a large.per centase (in addition to the
Land-Tax) be deducted (rain his miserable pittance; and ruin-
ing his future. prospects, by reducing the superior situations in
his .department (after the death of their present possessors) to
k sccle, that future' hopes of comfort are anni-
:-and -min a ray-of contsolat'on dis Plays itself to enliven
the.elarkimil dietry Perspective. This, my Lord, is not a case
which :exists in,the,imagination'albne ;--on inquiryyon will tied
that the skeyeh is but feebly drawn. To cnrnsnent upon it; would
tie-16.11181th yobr feelings of justiceto offer any further obser-
veitions;vedidd be useless. • I leaye it with confidence in your
LordilliP's bands; and have the honour to remain, with great
reepect; rnq Lord;

"Your Lordship's. most obedient thimble servant,
A ikt ICUS JUST 17'1.R
•

FOR THE -SUN:

•-• REDUCTION -OP' SALARIES.
• ' ;MR. EDITOR ,-I am the younger soi)• of tv'te.,
spectable family, my ednCation wag.nn-expenSivis
one,and..such as to render ine-a.nsefut servant of
the public, and I was, at an early period' of life',
placed: in am otEce• under Government. -As it
'was. considered to be a- certain proVisiOn by riC)l.
father, I.inikerited only 'very small tiorticintof
fortune., During Thy f i'st- ten -yeas of .selviett;
and. living with fail-Seri I fonittl it ample
all.my %% nts. Scanty ter -111:s dic'esise`
'to marry,
rising; 'but rtifeWkspi:et-1 larve%trOt' been fortn:;l
.nate; and for' ne...11 420 years I subsisted of i "the
poor pittance of 1501. a-year, of which I was

•under the necessity of paying a heavy sant. tot
insurance on aVy life, or of leaving my family al-
most destitute in case of my decease. The war
broke out, and though my time of service had
added another 50!. to my income, yet the tax on
that income, and other additional burthens which
the necessities of the State required, rendered
that addition of little Or no. avail to 'm family ;
•but it was borne, if not with cheerfulnes!".at
least with patience, and without a murmur--for
the tax was general.
I am now above fifty years of age, with a
wife, and not a small family, and though, it
is true, my salary is somewhat increased; it
is still inadequate, with all our economy, a'ad
under many privations, to enable me- to lay.
~s.ix,peor-e ;. - r -:-Edßlny- it
-would not be too much to expect that a
man of education and a gentleman,- after above
ihirty years'. 'service, should realize a few+un-
dreds to leave his family when death should bid
him cease his labours; but if some have been so
fortunate, it has not been my case; nor is it that
of the majority of inferior clerks.

Such has been my severe struggle throng.
above 30 years of service, and had I not some little
property of my own, I must have sunk under it,
for our pay has never been more- than sufficientto
provide the bare necessaries of life ; yet this r
can proudly say, that, amidst all my difficulti4s,
I have done my duty: Many a time, to cheer
the gloomy moments of despair which hung
over our frugal board, I have said to the be-
loved partner of my afflictions, " The war can-
not last for ever, and peace will bring us brighter
prospects." Peace is come, and has brought
comfort on its wings to many, I may say to all,
but to the poor*Government Clerks. They and
they alone are doomed, by these they have faith-
fully served, to eat the bittetr bread of poverty,
and to find it rendered still more bitter bv'elisap-
pointed hopes. • I have not been in the -habit of
complaining, and till now a murmur has notescaped
my lips. But there is a point of suffering beyonid
moral patience; and it is our lot to hare reached
that point ! Will the Government have no con-
sideration for long and• laborious services? Will
it have no consideration for that fidelity which
has not wanted temptation ; and where a single
instance of failure has not occurred during'a
struggle unprecedented in the annals of histOry i
—ls the paltry sum wrung from the hands of the
Clerks of the Government to be offered up as a.
peace-offering on the altar 'of' Radicalistn?;=-If
so, it will not be accepted.. - Mr. INmi 'd6'6 kick
deny that the labourer-is.worthy _of his' hiri..riti
Ministers hope to make 'friends by such efrieti,-
'sure? In that they will -be disappointed---AiT
may sour the minds of their hitherto faithfnlia-
herents, . without pining one additional su-
porter.

- I have not filled.Upublie situation for So'rttntt-
-1 years,With out tiaking my obseiyationion :nankin ,
and will avow it as a: truism, without the possibr,
lity of contradiction, thzit it is the interest of
every Government, (though I am no advocate :Or
profusion,) to pay its servants liberally ; for
discontented' servant seldom does his
Were it -possible.for so humble an individual'
thyself to have an opportunity of reipectially
mOnstrating with our masters; Leonid only s"iy?
" Do us not (through 'Misinformation), an initit
tice, which your hearts, -when •better infarmel
will shrink frosty--do not oppress tii nberause.t4s::
have the power to dI so, 'and because we '4
only subMissiVely reply--behold, We are r oUr
servants."

4 :~:

DISTRIBUTION Or THE BIBLE IN RUSSIA.'
and do thou likewise."

._ . .
• • One hundred years since, in the: ear 1721; ttai
Emperor of Rossi 4; Pirin the GRIdAT, deeply
persuaded of . the many evil 4 which attend. ig.-
norance and superstition-, made a regulation.
worthy of his genius, wisdom, and -rational-piety.
'.Convinced of the advantages- of drawing from.
• the fountain of true Religion, he caused the Bible
to be translated into the Russian .language; and
one of the first uses he made of the leisure which.
a.recent peace had bestowed ..on him, waS•lo ob 4.
win this advant4g, for his, people;. -who, by Om..
crimes and remissness.,of their Clergy, and ttie dep,
fects or neglect of their ancient laws, had become,
plonged in the most profound ignorance of ;he
articles of Religion,.and of ate lights y; hich cc!tila
be derived-from reading the. Lloly sc.r4tur,„e,s,
For these reasons heCansed the Bible to he plintot,
in 4tissia,n; o'Ap.tertlam, and in :inch
,rnan9. . T.,*,
that every one might write by tti. siOe Of :stictL.,
ver'se•stich notes '1,14 S!!'011la pe:thade.: by 44E,
Divines ...of: ' the, C.tarA7' ':wtio
~11v7.e,, -6448.
and ~appeinted to Make
,the
~cenunkrita4,,,,,V
them. ' Ale ''..ol(fered theo pooks: tc.) etio..'plet,:fit,l
n low..priCe to 'his people., and -otiektcyyjfttl.-,
Of a fan:illy -Slibuld haVi;,- a f eleaStitie tepy,t,..- q 0..;
11 r 'sight" I i Ile iiiiihb 'grOundS' 'Or Vie' • Yelikix(„.4nit''
1
morali4lfe Wag' 'to 'tench to his 'Children. . 4,..;„n
expressly' :6Striinanded ' rrlt tlie'Cle4Y ':cit....'114 Ap.... :
Minions,' to'Preach, for the ftitur_2o -iii ilie7Mauxitr -,
of the most..coltivated pats of "Ettrofie ;` and,-,ifi'
advance nothing in 'their sei'Motislatii-*Whfai %vac -
Conformable to the .Srripturek,4or thel-trlidltit4s
most uniformly received."' So true is-tlie?a'irng
of Solobion,•:' that there ienothinvrteiv. niaer-
the Snri,"-a- . century- after this, -1 he -strii(4.-.iliitg'
begins to•he attended to in Grearßritaiir; -and. "
Most probably, in less than, a quaTter of con- •
fury morel, the Bible, will be'pg,..rtnitted,rote-:read
in rlrWatti.tl -.Spain .Partugal- , atnirOonstitittiniiple.
_ ,

A 'heir,. 1/Mcingi t o 111i4:
Ka s' la kitt ivtth film ShliA e e:1-0e,A
thetils'id•dbkPly four'of
birds itt her charge.

FOREIGN INTELIAGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.

PARTS„kITG. 21 . —Yesterday the King re-
ceived Gentlemen. lit the morning, and Ladies in
the evening. His Majesty transacted business
with the Duke de llichelieu, and afterwards took
au airing .in the • direction of Verrieres.—The
news which we -have received from the frontiers
of Spain.relative to the yellow fever, which had
appeared at Barcelona, are of a less alarming
rature than those we communicated yesterday.

FRENCH FUNDS.

f. 35 c.
1342 f. 50 c.

.A;4.g. 20, Fore per Cents.
Pb.itk Stock

FRANKFORT, Ato. 15. The Comtnerce of
ilamburgh has .received letters from Peterpburgli,,
Which leave no daubt.of •war between the Otto-
man Porte and Russia. Military•men of diffe-
e • -
rent nations have arrived in the former town,
pad after a-short delay have set. out for Greece,
to make cernMon cause with the insurgents against
the Turks.' 4

„ .
AUGSBURG, ALIO. 15.—(Extract y a Private
Letter.)-1t is affirmed that the English garri-
sons of the lonian Islands and of -Maltaai4
to be considerably reinforced, the British
Government being •desirous, under present cir-
cumstances, to place this part of its possessionS in
a ;respectable state of defence. On the other
,hand,•it seems that the English Admiral who
commands the British squadron in the Mediter-
ranean,.at present stationed off Tenedos (Journal
de Paris, 20th August), has received from:his
Government -secret instructions in case the .Dar-
danelles should be attacked.

The tieet of the insurgents, which is in the
same seas, and has constantly beaten the Turkish
Marine, .appears to wait for orders for further
. proceedings.. A report has been circulated,
:that
it would be reinforced by a division of Russian
vessels; but this has not yet been confirmed. At
all events, it is not doubted that the Bosphorus
.will soon become the theatre_ of important events,
the issue of which will shew the policy of va-
rious Powers which are negociating at present on
the affairs of Turkey.
We have seen letters written by Russian offi:
cers of tank in the Russian army•of the South.
They speak with some confidence of the co-ope.;
ration of Austria, and even. of Prussia, •in the
projects of the Cabinet _of St.Petersburgh. They
do not.dissemble that war is inevitable, and that
,will be necessary to go to Constantinople itself
to . pot an end to the= atrocities of which the
Christians are the victims. In general the Rus-
iians as well as the Turks, see in hostilities, if
tizzy
shoUld commence, a war. of religion, which
bloody, in the extreme.
=• • MADRID, AUG. 10.—(FROM A PRIVATE LET-
ria).—We have enjoyed for some time tolerable
-tyanquality;,even our provinces seemed to be as-
sired" of a repose which they had not enjoyed
-suite the establishment of £he Constitutional re-
gime; but it hegins again to be troubled by tiu-
rierous bands, .which, under the • name of
partisans, traverse and desolate them, and
.pread. terror every where. Even Gallicia,
which of all the provinces had suffered
the least,- is now the focus from which are
diffused terrible elementS of anarchy and di-
prder. The Gogernment -in vain exerts all ifs.,
efforts to reach the root of the evil. Theenvirons
.of Madrid were always rather unsafe;, but the
041 •is. now at its height, and one cannot go a
laague from the capital without danger of being
robbed, or even assassinated. A post chaise was
lately attacked by seven armed men, at Alconen-
das,-five leagues from Madrid. They killed the
poStillion with a musket shot, and robbed and
ill-treated the. travellers. Many persons, who
have been robbed think the object is less to take
money than to spread' terror ; and it is affirmed
that the disorders which they commit are part of
an organised system. Krrierchantman from Rio,
arriv-d at Oporto, has brought alarm'ng news.
The Government of, Rio• is said-to be changed
into a Junta, with the Bishop of Rio for' its Pre.,
sident. Notwithstanding the pressing instruc
tions of our Court to our Minister at Rome, the
of the tlVOConsTitutional Bishops recently
nominated are not yet arrived.