The Sun.
London, England, 1817-03-20 00:00:00

SPAIN
,ANIYSOUTit A Ni

.1,%1r; I:n°(4;limal, to rOSC
to move It 1)1 ()due! ittll rt.rtslin papers cfm-
nee,eil y bef ttirn P ttu;,n.l
Ile WAS ill tile dark 1.4 Lte the nititsre of the facts,

he might have oc'easiOn to request some informs.
tiou.from the other side of the House to guide
his motion.. Ail that lie at present knew, .was,
that about seven or eight months ago an expedi-
dim, partly by hind and partly by sea, was fitted
out at Rio Janeiro, which, when fully equipped,.
proceeded towards the Spanish settlement of
Monte Video, in the neighbourhood of which the
naval' and military part of the expedition 'tailed,
and proceeded to hostile nroveinents ageiost that
settlement. These movements ended in the Por-
tuguese force taking up a strong position in the
neighbourhood of Monte Video,. and by the
latest accounts front that 'quarter it ••appeared-r
not, indeed, that this force had taken possessiOn
of that fortress, for in that he hoped they would
nut succeed, but that Monte Video was in a
state ofsiege ur blockude. The purpose for which
that armament had been fitted out was, no
doubt, to take possession of that seftlement ; and,
if this was true, one or two considerations .must
arise. Viewing Moie Video as a Spanish settle-
ment, how happened it that hostilities were going
on between these Powers in that quarter alone ?
But viewing it as a settlement not in the possession
of Spain, but one to which the Government of that
kingdom laid claim, if it was considered as one of
those which the Noble Lord, in au official docu-
ment, had, in his opinion, very improperly called
the revolted colonies., but which oaarlit more cor•
reedy to be called the independent part of South
America, that part id it which was engaged in a
struggle for its success, io which almost every one
in Europe put up prayers ; in this view he was
equally at a loss to account for the proceedings to
which he alluded, for it was strange that an expedi-
-11011 5110111(1 be fitted out against it without the con-
current:oot! he Spanish Government; If, on the of her
band, there was any Treaty by which that.Setilemeot
was ceded, was it not extraordinary, in the first
place, that the House had not heard any thing of
such a Treaty ; toul,; lit the second place, was it
not evident that such a 'I reaty must have been
executed with the connivance of OW agents there.
Marshal Bereiford, one of the most distinguished
ornaments of our military profession, was, as it
appeared, also Commander-io•Chiet of the whole
Portuguese Forces at the very time when this ex-
pedition was fitted. If, therefore (as one stantid
suppose must have been the case), Lord 4eres-
fOrd knew of any such Treaty, it was very
strange that the House should now be with.
out information on the subject. The House
had some right to know, even if a Conven-
tion had beets made to cede that, settlement,
whether there was any equivalent to' Spain.
It was said that the equivalent was the abstinence
on the part of Portugal to.claim the restoration of
Olivenza, which it had been settled at the Con-
gress should be restored. It had been surmised
that Olivenza was to remain to Spain, while Por-
tugal was to have Monte Video in lett of ,it. If
this country was a party to the treaty of Vienna,
by which the restoration of Olivenza was
and if another Treaty %vas made elsewhere'
relating to that place, it was a necessary conse.;
(pence, that whatever was done in contravention
to the Treaty to which we were parties, should
be stated. The principal reason why he brought
' forward this motion was to give our Government
an opportunity of explaining the conduct of our
ageuts (civil or military), Fit this transaction; and
be was sure that nothing would be more satis-
factory to the House and to the country, thou to
find that the proceeding in question, on the pert
of Pot ingot, wits in no way sanctioned by the Bri-
tish Government. He then moved that there be
laid before the House a Copy of any Treaty be.
tweets Portugal and Spain, relative to the resto-
ration of Olivenza, and of, any curt espondence
relative. to any such Treaty.
Lord CASTLEREAGII said he did not think that
the hlon. Gentleman meant to press his motion,
for it it should be agreed to, the return to it :nest
he in the negative, because he (Lord C.) was not
in possession of any such Treaty. He had no dif-
ficulty iii stating that the British Government was
no party, direct or indirect, tti the course of po-
licy initiated by Spain towards her colonies. Tire
conduct which this country followed, With re-
ferenee to these dispute's, was udliering to a sys:
tem of strict neutrality, and not (that which the
Hun. Gentleman seemed to recommend) to assist
the colonies agaiiist the native country, which
Would be in direct contravention to the Treaties
between Great Britain and Spain. When Marshal
leresfurd was employed in the service of another.
plower, so long, as he was not recalled from that
service by this country, the capacity- in which
he acted as in,, the service of that power must
not be confused with his character pf a Uri-
tish subject. His condomt must be considered as
directed by the Portuguese Goy eminent, in whose
service he %YRS now timing. There were many
other British otlicets its the service of Portugal,
whose situation was quite analogous to that of
Marshal Beresford. The Crown undoubtedly.
might When it pleased recal all those of its sub-
jects in any foreign service. But as Mai slial
resford was now situated, it would be supposing
him guilty of an absolute breach of artist to tis•
some that he communicated to this country the
Councils of the GoVernment hi whose service lie
was employed. Having already slid, the the re-
turn to this motion, if it were agreed to, must be
in the negative, be must at the same time deny that
it was competeilt for Go‘,erument to laybefore the
Parliament any treaty between other Powers of
which y it might have a knowledge. Yet he might
tit ate generally, that there was nothing which could
indicate the existence of • such a Treaty as that
which the Ilon. Gentlethim alluded to. Beyond
thii, he must declitie entering into tiny discussion
upon the present question. The House nibst be
aware that the events in the River. Mite, as they
might involve interest of the most in-wit-tont no.
tore, aff!cting the European dominions of Portu-
gal, !molt , he rous4tered not utti mere Soutir Antes,
ilea° 'question, but as an European question.' He,
theroore tlid not think that lie was at libeity to
cuter into any farther statement 61 the facts, oven
if they tniglit he in his possession. He had dis-
closed the ntiin fact, that Great Britain was no
party in tiny shape to the intentions (warts of the
C:iown or Portugal in the ttansactiott in question.
lfe wnnld repeat, that he had no 'rett.:;on to sup.
.pose that there vvas'arry sock 'treaty in existence'
as that allotted to isy the Mut, Gins Ittn'a'n.
Mr. iteoennan explained, that he did not speak

with reference to the proceedings of the Court at
Lisbon, hut of the Court at ltio Janeiro.
Lord CASTLERRAGH desired to be understhoil as
saying, that passing events gave a negative to the
supposition of the Hun. Gentleman as to the exist-
ence of any such Treaty.
Mr. BitouonAm.—There was just one ;Molt-
more as to which be begged some information
from the Noble Lord. lt.was said that nothing,
was done by the British Government to give
room for the supposition that it espoused the
one cause more than the otherthat the system
acted. on was one of perfect neutrality ; that
Marshal Beresford's acts are merely those of
an Officer. in the service of Portugal, and do.
not in any way commit. the British GovetW,
ment that not only Marshal Beresford but many
other British Officers in the Portuguese service .1
are in the same situation. So far it was all very
wall. But if any number of our Offieers or men
should engage on the side of the eclonies, was it
to be understood front the Noble Lord, that no
umbrage would be taken, but that the scales of
neutrality would be equally and scrupulously poised.
beween the two powers. lie _would ask whether
it had not been prohibited by.the British
,Govern-,
meat to afford any assistance to the Insurgents, by
furnishing them with arms / He would ask whe-
ther the transportation of arms front Trinidad to,
the Spanish Main had not been prohibited under
the severest penalties—under pain of confiscation,
fine, and imprisonment/
Lord CASTLRREAGII.---The liOnourable Gentle-•
man seemed to argue the question as if British
Officers were noir serving against the Colonies.
This was not the fact. He did not believe that
there was a single British Officer in the Portuguese
army who was not now hr Porw,al with the ex-
ception of Marshal Beresford, As the other
case put by the Hon. rietolynyin, he felt that we
were acting a part strictly neutral. At the same
time, it was to be considered that, on the one
k side, there were ties of alliance with our Govern-
ment ; while, on the other side, t here were none ;
therefore ht. could not allow flee lion. Gentleman
to curry his parraliel so far as to pass over such..'ii:
consideration. As to Trinidad, certainly, if steps-
were Ilken to supply one of the parties carrying
on hostilties• with arms, to be.' used expressly for,
the annoyance of the other party, that would be
a breach of neutrality. lie could not be expect-'
ell to,itatany. thing-that would look like counte-'
wincing British Officers to serve on the side of
the insurgents, when there were'none such serv-'.
ing against them.
Mr. BHOUGHAM.—As to Marshal. Beresford, Yt
might be true,
°that lie was not serving againit
the insurgents ; but wits it tine that that Officer'
had been engaged in superintending the embarka-
tion and organization of the force which proceed-•
ed against Monte Video
Mr:LAMS said, that there seemed to be a strange
anomaly in the situation of Lut,l It
Was true, that lie was an Officer , service of
the King of Portugal, but at tier ~aule time be was
ill a British Officer, and would not those pro
ceedings in which he acted be considered as sAlle.-
tioned by the 'British Government ?

Lord t.:AsTLauFAGU.—The principle per.
reedy recooiscd by all the Etil()),.tin rowers,
that the subject of one Crown might. be employed
in the service of another, 'so long as he was not
tecalied.

Mr. LAMB.--"'ls it wise to act on such a prin.
ciple in this case ?"

Mr. PONSONBY rose, in the first place, to ask a
question. He had heard that in the American
Congress, a 13111 was in progress through the House
of Representatives, the object of which was to
vest a power in the President of the United States
as to the arming of ships and allowing to sail
where they pleased, it being understood with a
view to allow them to proceed to the assistance
of the Spanish Colonies in South America. In
the accounts of the debates which bad taken place
on this 13111, he saw that one Member, in tilt
course of his speech, mentioned, that the Spanish
Ambassador had interfered to prevent the pro-
gress of the Bill, and that the representations and
remonstrances of that Ambassador had been se-
conded by the English Minister in the United
States, Ile therefore wished to know whether
there was, in fact, any foundation as to any in-
ferret ence in that case on the part of the Bricfsb
Ambassador to the United States.

_ -
Lord CASTLiREAGIT:-.NNS far as Ile knew, be had
reason to think that the measures of the American
Government were taken solely on their own view
as to what they thought the best line of policy in
such a case, and uninfluenced by the interference
of any other Power.
Mr. PoNsouny said, he mast allow that the
Noble Lord hail managed to elude his question.
He now wished to call the attention of the House
to a Treaty which had been concluded between
his Majesty and' King' Ferdinand VII. some time
since. In the first part of the Treatyto which he
allnded, it was stipulated thiii if Spain should suc-
ceed in recovering 'her South Ainericim-Coionits,
that no nation was to have any advantage over
Great Britain in the commercial intercourse with
these colonies. To this Tr eaty there were appended
3 additional articles, and it was to the third of these
that he now solicited the attentionoof the House.
The Noble Lord had just stated'that our.situation
with relation to the contest between Spain and her
Colonies was a situation of strict neutrality.
this neutrality was strict he. would not complain.
He would not by any means say that the British
Government oughtoflicially to interfere But the
House had a right to demand that tire neutrality
should be strict—that no countenance should be
afforded to Old Spain as against the colonies ; and
if, there has been any such countenanceefforded.
it Must be a _breach, of duty, Yet in this
Treaty he found these words, .1 His Britannic
Majesty being anxious that the !roubles and
4i4turbances in Smith America should cease,
and that the subjects of these provinces should
return to their allegiance, will prevent the giv-
ing of Fl6lls, to the insurgents." W
' hat right,
fad Spain to ask for more than
.neutrality ? anti.
wbiki folly (meaning no disrespect by the word)-r
what. folly was in the Government to
,rnake such A stipulation, which we as much es
saying prat Spain would be assistedin every way
except by open force This Treaty was 'signed by
Sir Henry %Vcllesley, on the part of the British
Clove! 'anent, in 1814, lie therci,:re gave notice

that, on the 23d of April, be fr nab! taortr'l 1
coley of the instructions to Sir fleury.Wtllols
tinder which he thought himself autliarneduel
that treaty.
Lord CASTLEREAGH ObSert'Cd, that it Os°,
extraordinary that .the Right Flon. tlialle°.,
had not sooner brought his view of this cluab'l
before the House, considering that the
which lie referreAl bad been laid on the talligcAn
kietttvioiiiiiinlir'elearLl4y.ite,o,oso.etit‘tir_iviihsitetialei‘r,Csstrte'plost.:loyrtetairs ag 0 . The true Inesniog°flli,
btrality, certainly, was not to assist elate:Pl'
y force or by furnishings rms.
Mr. robasoNny, „id •perfectly milli
, twas ~
oAd
the Treaty was laid on the Table of the to
the the 16th of March, 1315; but it
that he (Mr. P.) never heard of it till'fil
lust.. No Address of Thanks had.hee'l tai.,lol
,lull
trill'eheTlrleoautysewlaiasdasdo::peennotiboirVoiss:e;ol
the li,ouse as.on the asp
on wit.icit it osfiral
askedset:li er
(.1.-ll
whetherl: °uG. il'Aamn y(1 'sat eipil Livve: tibueleil:41:11:Iklille5°°111:°116:1
11.3'aretatyofttIsuSsipetstittsraieleiLssitltsiii;Enwiaroft$101el6itticitnitcrol'olslip
til lal:iiiiSii°ilr'llieflpl
Although two or three years were 1104 r3sl i
know
if
thocerainet:trieliiiligit‘isroas,
dloleti.etlitrig.allititi
tibleYtil'i,i.ij
Fact wits,
20,000 slaves. had, in one year, been or;
into Cuba, and 40,000 had 'been hapourdino;
that'since the siguatme of that, IL
Mr. I gwtai ess ea
ilsyctet,l)ertriei es
pn
ot
odeili,icet
011,1,,,l15.:
,0
wers i
iteerivrlias;:irsleartliti3a:clievi.rlee ttialii3ettli::;:cribebaticiirjiiviiettoti
reol
said
which bad been sent forth as to tch,iiiisto
.paid relative to the Royal Hschnige l'(*;:o3j,,
Company. lie had not snit! tbat 1A oat
).11,..as unable to advance wallet/ fur Olen!
i bc very contrary vas the fact.
i'll'oose.S.—"l:ll-NGTNOVNINIDHG°:'%:(11111.01:1-1.61fe l'ibcP
bueillulistreLefstoprlat
the
saonitel ante. oui t hei4iSrildca,'ll:o,•ibcinofg.ill
relatite to the 'Wildlife I)nty. The -.00.
Intended Bill was to exempt such lout' 01
of, and
i(B)ptilltileratrvdesirrasulo)gtifl purposes
5:1. ,elll4ll::livregraed Ist Pe
doll
s °nun:
itilNiveA la-lico,u se adjourned. ievoi:°l
oes
cpryliiri.-----,sly)ins...sa.iloii:voiclftcli,eihri,nelioitis.
I%wie_____.o........_Anncelvilri.r7;;lneliS;:beeli::o:oo:l
t
Ihrt
itch 'bone, on view of the body. of Ja"like, 01
1
b-nacg
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►
watt! %Filet'', a farmer and hay.sol,c,s",i,oo,
~I e' who is nOW i,. Clerlicnwel` f.
(eveirtently, instead of a Vti" i'ru'ti'it 4
lot: ro
lion lring article is &rade
fooca,,,i,
'Paper
by,ivei mad dog, and vinegar witsl;l.,t"teildsHo
reeled
—" At Ildina a pno,re,f,,tobillo;
is: :du. The Imo recovered Irtnnbli„„ruel'd
. with therhiryddritiipitorbeli'al6,llvYlll:l4;‘):lsioi'k'frPl
dilitiet.ro)rna_da_y_eesv.set—ni:
Pula of she town, by making hint Orot il')
vinegar in the morning, annthernoor(o,)
dose at night. The sc'", leo
rapidly anti periectl' W ' Ivile °°. ill'
y. eit 00.
to make trial of a remedy which 01101 OP i
r the , pe
the Power of vanquishing one °' ►Ole
NI hid;
at Grafton Chapel, Soho, h
his liiivoito
of his pocket-book, containing 3°Lrie oilre ft
A. farmer front sutinik, of the Ilvitocl ft
gGiaoriGrae:::::ll:l:seketi\l;
worth sold six horses by private cull al'
I e if 1
day in Smithfield Market tor 91)1' offiiislo
.cautions as to deposit the intottiodintitrof,
,li-I,lilliitlyouproacfkteetr:htobockni, soilrdycirtegc,eniivlab:sigaeol
.ether with his book, and more f
suns in notes and bills of exchange'

100111"
METE OHOLOGICA

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