The Sun.
London, England, 1826-03-16 00:00:00

[MOKNING CHRONICLE.]

The Courier is quite mistaken it he supposes
that we doubt the advantage to the destitute
, poor of Ireland to be removed at the expence of
, the nation to Canada. But the happiness of the
individuals removed to Canada was not the
question which the House on Tuesday night was
called on to consider. The question properly
was, will the scale on which alone the Govern-
meta will conduct emigration, have any effect
worth mentioning in diminishing the cause of
Ireland's distrest, namely, a large and excessive
population, of which a large part is without em-
ployment, and to which every year an addition is
made, more than sufficient to replace many times
the small number which can be transported to
Canada ? The population of the Highlands of
Scotland is not quite 400,000; and yet, we will
venture to say, beside the large emigrations every
year from the Highlands to the large towns in the
Lowlands, as Glasgow, Paisley, Greenock, Aber-
deen, Dundee, &c., emigrations take place to Ame-
rica from that quarter toe greater extent, than the
removals at the expence of Government from Ire-
land to Canada, leaving the population of the High-
lands still greatly beyond the wants of the coun-
try. The truth is, that there is no limit but that
of the means of subsistence on the lowest scale, to
the increase of a population in so low a state of
civilization us the Irish and the Highlanders.
Greatly as the Irish have iucreased in a century
(from one to seven millions), yet it is the abso-
lute want of food which has prevented that
number from being still higher. As it is the food
which regulates the number, the removal of a
few thousands will have no effect whatever on the
ordinary increase. If Mr. Horton means to be
charitable, that is another question—but with
reference to the relief and amelioration of Ire-
land, his petty emigration plan is mere drivelling.

[TUT REPRESENTATIVE.]
The Times of yesterday advances some propo-
'kiwis, in the usual style of discouragement,
illicit we think deserving of notice. Unable to
disprove the gratifying fact of the unimpaired
state of the Revenue fur the last year, and for
the mouths that have passed of the present,
it rests the declaration of actual distress and
disappointment upon the fall in the Funds,
which has occurred since the financial
statement of the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer. Now, for our own part, a know-
ledge of the various motives by which the
Stock Exchange is influenced, leads us to attach
little importance to this trilling depression ; for,
while we find that the Revenue chews
undimi-
nished production and consumption at the same
rate of taxation, we are assured that our national
securities must have u tendency to reach a deno-
initiation nearer to that which they bore before
the late derangement in the Money'market. Thus,
as a rise in the Funds formed no part of the
matesesti-
of otuhrefi
ktr;axtotchieatilahlefra, we do not very readily
presented by the Cha-
ncel or of
see that the depression throws any doubt upon
their accuracy. Great capitalists have such means
of operating upon the funds, for their own tem-
porary purposes, that the ephemeral price can
never be taken as a standard of national pro-
sperity. As a better test, we would ask, whe-
ther there it not a general resumption of manu-
facturing employment, and of every species of
commercial industry ? The public will be much
obliged to the Miles for the explanation of the
process of funding Exchequer Bills ; but surely
there can be no hope of concealing from the
mast obtuse understanding, that if a given sum
per annum be applied to diminish a given species
of debt, a positive reduction of that debt must he
the consequence. The Times finding, too, that
the twenty-seven millions of taxes which have
been taken off since the peace, may he considered
as the burthen of the war, and that a charge of
twenty-six millions is still incurred for our esta-
blishments generally,
judiciously brings the two
sums together, and concludes that the tenth year
of peace costs us nearly as much as " putting
down Buonaparte." This is really curious, from
excess of absurdity. Did not our present esta-
blishments form part of our war charges ? and is
not therefore the expence of putting down Bun-
naparte ,fifty.tb", minions, not twentpseven ?
In opposition to such unfair and absurd

'comparisons, the people of England have the
satisfaction to know, that if the expenditure
during war was unavoidably immense, the re-
duction of establishment, and the relief from
taxation, have proceeded with a rapidity,
and reached points, that the most sanguine
could not have anticipated. If the payment
of the National Debt be not a mere chimera, a
reduction of revenue, because at a reduced and
bearable rate of taxation the receipt continues to
improve, appears a manifest absurdity. Let us
suppose, that at the present rate of general tax-
ation a surplus of twenty millions were to exist,
would not the application of this surplus to li-
quidating the debt be the natural and honest
course of proceeding ? And if reduction of taxa-
tion always accompany increase of receipt, can
the nation ever be relieved from the annual
charge of the interest ? or from the undeniable
evil for a debt, the very enormity of which has
the. effect of withdrawing attention from its
existence ?

[THE PUBLIC LEDOER.I
Neither the Paris Papers of Monday, which
reached us last night, nor German Journals, which
arrived in the earlier part of yesterday, contain
any intelligence of the least importance. The
political atmosphere is not only clear and serene,
but is likely to remain so. The storm which, at
the beginning of the year, threatened to sweep the
whole extent of the Russian Empire, appears to
have wholly spent its force ; but the impression,
which it was calculated to make on the Rulers
of that country, is not likely to die away so
soon. They have found out that a vast military
force may be attended with other inconveniences
besides the enormous expence of maintaining it ;
and there is a report that it means to profit
by this experience. It is absurd at this time
to keep up large armies for purposes of
conquest, for the Sovereign who should be-
tray such a design, would immediately see
all the other Powers of Europe joined in
close array against him. Such an unwieldy
establishment is as useless, with the view of
acquiring a preponderating influence in the af-
fairs of the world ; for, by exhausting the
strength of the • State, and absorbing the
whole of the Public Revenue, it may be
compared to a lever far too ponderous for the
hand that wields it. To move it, would soon
exhaust the means of the Government ; and to
leave it unemployed, is not without its dangers,
as we have seen in the recent history of Russia.
The result will be, that a vast reduction in the
present military establishment of that empire will
probably be carried into effect as soon as possible.
The other Powers would not be slow in following
such an example ; and we need not point out the
salutary influence that this general impulse would
have on the political relations of all Europe.
It is our firm persuasion that a great re-
volution, as respects the policy of keeping up
cumbrous military establishments, is near at
hand ; and that a plan of national defence
infinitely less expensive, and far more efficient,
will be substituted in plate of the present. This
would realize the fine dream of the benevolent
Abbe St. Pierre, as it would be a deathblow to
wars of aggression ; and we do not think our-
selves at all Quixotic in thinking that the philo-
sophy of this age will be able to achieve this
grand moral victory.

PARLIAMENTARY PAPER.

PRIVATE BIId COMIIIITTEES.

PROPOSED RESOLUTIONS.

That the present distribution of Counties, for the purpose of
forming Committees on Private Bills, prepared under the di-
rection of the Speaker some years ago, has, from the great in-
equality of the numbers of Members contained in each List,
and, from other causes, been found ill suited to the object for
which it was framed.

That, with a view more nearly to equalize numbers, and to
correct too strong a.prevalence of local interests on Committees
on Private Bills, it is expedient that a new distribution of Coun-
ties should be made, containing in each list, as nearly as may
be, one hundred and twenty Members : one half only, or there-
abouts, to be taken from the County immediately connected
with the object of the Bill, and the adjoining Counties ; and
the other half from other Counties of Great Britain and Ire-
land ; and that the Members serving for such Counties should
constitute the Committee on each Bill.
That Mr. Speaker be requested to direct a new distribution
of Counties to be prepared at the commencement of each Ses-
sion, in such manner as shall be approved of by him, confor-
middy to the principle of the foregoing Resolution.
That every Committee on a Private Bill be required to re-
port to the House the Bill referred to it, with the Evidence and
Minutes of the Proceedings.
That a Committee be appointed at the commencement of
every Session of Parliament, to be called the Committee of Ap-
peals upon Private Bills, which Committee shall consist of all
the 'Knight of the Shire, all the Members for Cities, and such
Members as may be named therein ; 'so that the whole number
appointed to serve upon such Committee shall amount to two
hundred at least.

i'liatWKer-e-atry party interested in a Private Bill, who shall
have petitioned the House, acid shall have, appeared in support
of his petition, by himself, his Counsel, or Agent, in the Com-
mittee upon such Bill, or where the promoters of a Private
Bill shell be dissatisfied with any vote of the Committee upon
such Bill, and shall petition the /louse, setting forth the parti-
cular vote or votes objected to, and praying that they may be
heard, by themselves, their Counsel, or Agent, against such
vote or votes, such Petition shall, together with the Report of
the Committee upon the Bill,
and the Minutes and Evi-
dence taken before such Committees, be referred to a Select
Committee of seven Members of the House, to be chosen
by ballot from the Committee of Appeals upon Private
Bills, which Select Committee shall hear the arguments of the
parties complaining
of, and also of the parties supporting.
such vote or votes, and shall report their opinion thereon to the
House.

._,
seine,
nt
ng,
nr
6h::
ort pay )
the
That whenever a petition shall be, presented, complaining of
an/ vote of a Committee upon a Privdte Bill, the House will fix
a day whereon to ballot for a Select Committee, to whom such
petition shall be referred, upon which day, at a qnarter-past
four o'clock, or as near thereto as the question which may be
then beibre the House will permit, the Speaker shall order the
doors of the House to be locked, and the names of the Members
composing the Cotnmittee of Appeals upon Private Bills being •
written upon separate pieces of paper, and put into the glass,
the Clerk shall draw therefrom the names, until seven Mern-
bers of such Committee, who shall be then present, and it ho
shall not have voted in the Committee upon the Private Bin to
shall have reported upon
which the petition refers, shall have answered to their names,
which seven Members shall be the Select Committee to whom
such petition shall be referred, and such Select Coltititatenetisclotanl.l
meet for business the following day at eleven o'clock,
ttlilnelL'lslelaultonnes.oit,Md Member mdbieerhoi fdsi:citt'l uSieltlielettliCeoymmittee shall absent him-
self therefrom during its sitting.
whole or any part of the costs attending the
''lletiplearty or parties defending such vote or votes.
That such Select Committee shall, if they think fit, after the
hearing of such argument, orders the party or parties complain-
party or patties complaining shall, previously to the
ballotting for such Select Committee, enter into recognizances,
him, her, or themselves, in the sum of 14M., and two sureties
for the payment of such costs as may
bine awardedsum afgasii)ul. each,stlii
111tH or them.