The Sun.
London, England, 1844-12-18 00:00:00

.

GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.
is„TCALLS for TENTH INSTALMENT of 51. per SHARE on
8114'1"ES, and FINAL INSTALMENT of 81. per FIFTH
R of 20/. each.
to," ,14!, Directors of the Great Western Railway having resolved, at a
l•arin, held this day, to call, under the provisions of the Acts of
13,14illeut for au instalment of 51. per Share on 100/. Shares, and
tot;'!,instalrnent of 8/. per Share on the Fifth Shares of 201. each
erl(,f 1S hereby given, that the Proprietors are requested to pay, on
Earikfe the Gth day of.lanuary next, to any of the undermentioned
the said sum of on each of their respective 100/. Shares,
said sum of Si. on each of their respective Fifth Shares,
Loud,
•• • • Messrs. Ohm, Hallifax, Mills, and Co., at the Great
Western Railway-office, 20; Cateatou-street, City.
...Messrs. Miles, Harlon], and Co.
Messrs. Elton, Baillie, Ames, and Co.
" Stuckey's Banking Company.
tiverL The West of England and South Wales District Bank.
rh
• • •The Bank of Liverpool. •
tiharn• • The County of Gloucester Bank.
•• •• Messrs. J. and C. Simonds and Co.
By order of the Board of Directors,
nd CHAS. A. SAUNDERS, Secretary.
_LTertninut, Paddington, sth Dec., 1844.

FATHER MATHEW.
TSUE NATIONAL TEMPERANCE SOCIETY
Tssmo will hold a PUBLIC MEETING at EXETER-HALL,
EvrxiN• (Thursday), the 19th December, on the
derof the eminent services and present embarrassments of the
The Sheabald Mathew,
'tight Hon. LORD JOHN RUSSELL, M.P., in the Chair.
ileket Doors open at Five o'clock, Chair taken at Six.
NA,I to the Reservesi Scats may be had at the following
Tit

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
MUSIC OF DIFFERENT NATIONS.
Mr. C. E. HORN will recommence his Lectures on the ',hove sub-
ject on Tuesday evening, the 17th inst., at Half-past Eight o'clock,
and will continue them on Tuesday and Thursday Eveniugs. The
first subject will be the MUSIC of ENGLAND, with Vocal and In-
strumental Illustrations, Dr. RYAN'S LECTURES are delivered at
a Quarter past Three daily, and in the Evenings •f Monday,
Wednesday, and Fridays, at a Quarter to Nine. Professor BACH-
HOFFNER'S Lectures daily. The I'ROTEOS(7OPE, PHYSIOSCOPE,
DISSOLVING VIEWS, DIVING-BELL and DIVER, &c., &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-pact.
A New Edition •f the CATALOGUE, containing Three Hundred
additional Works •f Art, &c., since the last revisal, is just pulalshsd
price Is.

PUBLICATIONS.

Now ready, price 2i. 6d.,
INDIA and LORD EL L ENBOROUGH.
W. H. Dalton, Cockspur-street.

PUNCH'S ALMANACK for 18457
and PICTORIAL CHRONOLOGY for 1844,
Will be published on the 24th inst., price 11., or 4,1. stamped.
The SEVENTH VOLUME of PUNCH will be published on the
28th instant.
London : Published at the Punch Oftce, 194, Strand.

Miss Grange, 176, Piccadilly.
Messrs. Nisbet, 9.1, Berners street.
C. Gilpin, 5, Bishopsgate Without.
Darton and Clarke, 58, Holborn-hill.
Harvey and Darton, 56, Gracechurch•street.
Mr. Bridge, Hall-keeper.
And at the Office, all, Moorgate-street.

On Thursday next, to be had of all Booksellers, the Second Edition,
VESTIG post Bvo., cloth, 73. 61,
ES of the NATURAL HISTORY of
CREATION.
London : John (7hurehill, Princes-street, Soho.

I~EBTS RECOVERED, FREE OF COSTS
5 A Solicitor, of upwards of 20 years' exper:ence. undertakes
the RECOVERY of DEBTS, free of cost to Creditor, save a com-
mission of 10 per cent. on the amount of debt recovered.
Conveyances prepared on the following low terms, vle.:—Leases
and Counterpart, 2/. 10s. ; Assignments, 21. 2.. ; Bills of Sale, 30s. ;
Wills, Bonds, and Deeds ix general, on equally moderate terms.
Apply at the Offices, 1, Boureriv-street, Fleet-street.
Arrangements made with Creditors on behalf of Insolvents, and ad-
vice given on the New Bankruptcy Act. Letters for 11. M. attended to

`--------1-NTED, by a Commercial Man, having a
W
Illtfl-ciconnexien among Upholsterers, Cabinet.makers, and Carvers
kilt "'el's, a COMMISSION, in addition to his present engage.
,a dress,hie post
h he has held for several years.
paid, P.P., No. 134, Fetter.lane, Fleet.street.

NEW WORK BY MR. SERGEANT TALFOURD.
On Monday next, in 2 vols. post Bvo.,
VACATION RAMBLES and THOUGHTS ;
comprising the Itecollections of Three Continental Tours, in
the Vacations of 1841, 1842, and 1843.
By MR. SERGEANT TALFOURD.
Just published, In 2 vols.,
'lira. SHELLEY'S RAMBLES in GERMANY and ITALY.
Edward Moxon, 44, Dover-street.

SALE of WATCHES, JE WE I,-
r
st ano th LE " RY, kc until the 26th December, when the shop closes
er business.
r SPlendid Stock of Fancy Jewellery, Gold and Silver Watches,
lktt`, Plated Goods of every description, Tortoiseshell Work..
sttio, Inkstands, Tea Caddies, and a great variety of other fancy
Opp" In Gold and Silver, Shell, Ivory, and Jet, are new SELLING
r,lt an immense sacrifice, by Messrs. HOTON and
41,e-street, who are retiring from the retail business. Co., at 38,

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ATTCE SOCIETY,
16, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DITISION OF PROFITS.
The steady seccess and increasing prosperity of the Society kas
enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation declare a
second Bonus, averaging 60 per cent. on the =wants Inv on each
Policy effected on the Profit scale.
EXAMPLES.

CRIIIICSIIANKS' COMIC AIIMANACK.
Now ready,pries Half-a-Crown,
COMIC ALMANACK, 1845 ; containing Twelve
Engravings by GEORGE CRIIIKSHANIC, and numerous
other Illustrations.
" To those disposed to be merry, we commend this annual, as being
as merry as ever. The illustrations are full of the comic."—Literary
Gazette.

11-----4 TRAYS, Tea Urns, Knives and Forks,
1114 1,1)1,.'h Covers, &c., at C. WATSON'S, 41 and 42, BARBICAN,
't ORTON-FOLGI TE. Established half a century—A 'set
Palterticittr, Tea-trays, including the largest size made, 358. ; very
141.4.rhaMented all over, SOs. a Set of Three, and up to 141. ; .Ta-
-44 i,traYs, 7s. id. a Set, and upwards ; a Five Quart Landon
`tlte • 'onze Tea-urn 355., with the newest patterns up to live gul-
; a e
st his hlix patent raisel London made Dish Covers, 18e. 6d. ;
set ed, . Set of Sla. Elegant silver shape, 525. 6d.
Tab.e-kraveS, Is. per dozen, Dessert, es. ; Carvers, 3s. 6d.
TABUS. DESSERT. CARVIRS.
4.1,„ doz. doz. pair.
1.1 • aro._
5.141„ '..onse balance handle ..• • les. Od. 14s. Od. 6s. 6d.
144104 'nee handle, largest and best
,tt3 ''' ...... •••• • ••
••••• • • • • • 204. Od. 16s. Od. 7s. 6d.
44adr`. Watson's Albata Plate
equal to silver.. •. • • .... 225. 6d. les. Od. es. 6d.
C, Forks half the above price.
t n, '. handsomely Illustrated Catalogue and Price Current
t~ntl9
,L"hshed, and families who regard economy and elegance,
"tit, assess themselves of this useful book, which may be had
kNt Post IYee, froth the above address.
rovekrantor of the celebrated Albata Plate, which is so rapidly
PA.r.,ng Silver
ti„7l,a, ARAGON CAMPHUSE LAMPS.—The perfection of
,'"Ps over the Vesta has been happily attained by the inven-
-4."4 t Parallel flat rings—a larger and a smaller forming a cone
aki raWarght of the wick, which cause a rapid reverberation of
n-
istt the flame—thus consuming every particle of volatilized
fi'es from smoke or smell, having perfect combustion,
t'LC:iV:ti!ac,tion, emits a light equal to 16 wax candles.
),111°n s Warehouses, 41 and 42, Barbican, and 16, Norton Fol-
-014 Contain, throughout the season, all the most elegant re-
e„l. 4111, now patterns, comprising Ormolu, China, Glass, and
' Lamps fitted with the Paragon Head for 215.; and the
s._
rt,nalVaratus applied to the Vesta for 6s. The spirit analysed
tsr-t'inended by Dr. Ure, is delivered in screw cans by C. Wat-
-41 ,1 at 45. per gallon.
144 42, BARBICAN, and 16, NORTON FOLGATE.

,-1 i

1-1. B onus
Premium.
gadded .

Bemis in
Cash. 6-:m a6i
g s 4
. x s. d. s. d.
77 5 1 14 3 9
64 6 16 4
51 511 711 9

e. d.' IZ a. d.
1537 170 9 3
74 3 4 1838 144 2 2
1839 116 16 0

X s. ds
ao 2 3
296 13 4

247 4 b

The division of profits is annual, and the next will be made in De-
cember of the present year.
This institution offers many important sad substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, en all oceasiens, the power to borrow, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Sec.

UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY,
8, WATERLOO-PLACE, PALL-MALL, LONDON.
Established by Act of Parliament in 1834.
DIVISION OF PROFITS AMONG THE ASSURED.
This Company, established by Act of Parliament, affords the most
perfect security in a large paid-up Capital, and in the great success
which has attended it since its commencement in 1834, its ANNUAL
INCOME being UPWARDS of 72,0001.
In 1841 the Company declared an addition to the Shareholders of
one-half of their Stock, and also added a Bonus of 21. per cent. per
annum, on the Sum Insured to all Policies of the Participating Class
from the time they weie effected.
The Bonus added to olicies from March, 1834, to December 31,
1840, is as follows :
Sam Time Sum added Sum Time Snm added
Assured. Assured. to Policy. Assured. Assured. to Policy.
£5OOO 8 yrs. 10 mths. £683 6 8 £5OOO 4 years £4OO
5000 6 years 600 • 0 5000 2 years 200
The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and
only one-half need be paid for the first Five Years, where the Insur-
ance is for Life.
Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident
Directors, Edward Boyd, Esq., and E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., of No.
Waterloo-place, Pall-mall, London.

D
1ii,,,L1) ENGLISH CUSTOMS.
k el. . IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT!
to..llostbpc are specially informed that during the re-erection o f
"%eh ' and SON'S premises in Aldgate, the entrance to their
tient is only at 154, Minories.
The hearty customs t,f the olden time,
k. certainly, deserving of a rhyme.
rare we much inclined to be remiss,
With such an o ,portunity as this.
Ilia pleasing to assemble once a year,
481 ad festivity and social cheer.
Vl5 Pleasing, while we view the cracking log,
Tp crack a joke, or hold a dialogue.
he bough of holly, with its crimson berry—
e plenteous feast—the wine which makes us merry
411 teed to make us welcome Christmas here,
11,,thd hail its customs with a hearty cheer.
ttit sllall we not our happiness express,
147,„}aalling Christmas with a change of dress
OaSES and SON are anxious to revive .
1 Old cu which we all should keep alive.
In times, glad Christmas (merry Sire).
' as hail'el by young and old, with new a' tire
iind shall this custom quite forsake the hod
Bi°,--not while MOSES' splendid show-rooms stand.
w e,e winter garments may be bought so cheap,
Te 11 still to this old Engl,sh custom keep.
he Well-stock'd Mart of Moses seems to say—
Lett).Te. buy a suit of clothes for Christrn.as-day."
ilLtx rose who wish for such a custom still,
eely c,..anto, in ready answer—" So we will I"
115n1N,.,-,..erk, entitled "THE COMMERCIAL PHE/..70.-
' ill -4,7'th full directions for Self-Measurement, ea applica.
k,,,,,, '°rlvarded post free.
liAttoenseith READY MADE. X s. d.
bltto tht`t°tgue
Litt° ...esiri,.,elds
, ~rentlirTna Ol3 6
+1,,, ~-.4er csates. tit thole, Pultoes and every description of
Wiii: Winter-,'"andsomely trimmed
bitt:,„Winte •ats, In every style • • 6
b).„. Ibsen, r 1 rousers, lined
PpCoat n ................................................... • • I 11 0
Otkditt '' elig*d &c 1 • 0
511ie,,,,,•.ditt0,. . '
................. ...., , 1 3 g
iilii:_lellar v ~t .... -............ ..........
0 1 •
"Zs' i.:`,..a,ted.Ditto
• 17 6
!IttNllCrnt:lly braided
W.' G•th MADE TO MEASURE.
I, 416 a Coats, velvet cellar and cuffs from 118 •
~, 11,,ir„,,CCiats in every style and Shape, handsomely trimmed I 5 •
'I, t ~-"' [weed' Wrappers • 17 6
.Niktki'',,lttto, Trousers 0 8 6
,_"v.,;:i'ln Ditto
ilvt ~,u Ditto, any pattern • 12 0
p!,',ll;tir Dress Trousers
" eat • 7 •
'l6 V
44'tcr IYitt '
ti,se,.,at °, in endless pattern ~..........
....... 1 12 0
teirkti Vtto. best manufactured 2 15 •
itte, thoeat
h)r).1„ best manufactured 3 2 0
Vtts runic Suit 1 7 0
'scitorbinie
1 8 •
1,4 to any extent can be had at five minutes' notice, at the
,etas
-,.. following prices :
s ii‘txtits, dre sis coat, vest, and trousers from 1 16 I
til,Neredacket, vest, and trousers from 0 18 •
'kl,.Xch.„&reT.— Any article purchased or ordered, if net approved
Iy2ter,,"ged,.,, or the money returned.
4,7lsit; ''''',_-t;. MOSES and SON, Tailors, Wholesale and Retail
i,les,,,aPers, Outfitters, and General Warehousemen, 154, Mi.
ikZactrrlZZEks. Aldgate, City, opposite the Church.
1404 i —"E. Moses and %on are obliged to guar the public
s4thomroPosition, having learned that the untradessnanlike
l'iltleeeri of tieing connected with them, or it's the same concern,
141 y hav esortecl te in many instances, and for obvious reasons.
1114th0,, * no connexion 'Whatever with any other establishment,
,liillt,negh° desire genuine Cheap Clothing should (to pr event
),:io4lll.telst.lechkukrce-h). call or send to, 154, Minories, or 86, Aldgate
til Sy up nets transacted at t 8 Establishment from sunset en
",k. 'ln' .set on Saturday. when business is resumed till twelve
,S
LADIES
11,, 9tw T
L A NIO )K AL YD 0 R.
i; Orit„,Quised by the several Sovereigns and Courts of Europe
bieral ad'al Botanical Discovery, and perfectly free from all
tliq I'llriNtiruxture. It es erts the most soothing, gentle, cooling,
key lloitn;ylg action on the skin ; ~nd by its agency on the pores
!liq' tan e secretory vessels, most effectually dissipates all red-
'he °tiler DUlHroPles blotches, spots, freckles, ch,lblains, chaps,
4Nefsttktaneous' visitations. The radiant bloom it imparts to
I,°.,etlit'.'nd the softness and delicacy it induces on the hands,
Its- 1-sri•-"k, render it indispensable to every toilet.
tot l*s. during the period of nursing, and as a wash for Infants,
tet,740,,e too strol recommended.
'ess 0-"flni,. at ter shaving, will find it allay all irritation and ten.
~ CA, p le Skin, ani render it
pertso, smooth, and pleasant.
~',N•i,,,l'lurs.,lce 4s. 6d and Si. 6d. bottle, duty included.
I'Ztv:,t,eoCt;:--Rewaie of Imitations of the most deleterious clia-
''t'illi. kijuing mineral astringents utterly ruinous to the corn.
' •1e.,,". by their repellant action endangering health. See
~it_ibrtis
OWI.
Nta, --,AND'S KALYDOR"are on the wrapper; and
nr,ed n,—• nOWLAND and .',ON, 20. Hatton-garden,
Al4'' authority of the Hon. Commissioners of Stamps) on the
401 a by Stamp affixed on each bottle.
A „ the Proprietors, and by Chemi-ts and Perfumers.
-‘" others Kalydors arc fraudulent counterfeits !!
It'
V D COUArtGHS,
FAMI COLDSLY ASTHMMEAS, dm,
DIC Scc
INES.
et
tra
Patronised by
Itf Lett the Dowager Duchess General Maitland
c 1 %Is
k 4,/ she Mr. Justice Creswell
kit 4 L'rb°r" Sir C. F. Williams, Knt.
, :1114
oiricoin
Sir Ed. Lytton Bulwer, Bart.
Lt,
el t. f Waterford Captain Bolder°, M.P.
"r, t, 'etry
, it,r,b Edward Baines, Esq., M.P.
°to erg. vicar of Cripple-. Archdeacon Webber

ARGUS LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY.
39, THROOMORTON-STREET, BANK.
EMPOWERED by SPECIAL ACT
C. of PARLIAMENT,
5 anill. IV.,
THOMAS FARNCOMB, Esq., Alderman, Chairman.
lAM LEAF, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
Richard E. ATOM Esq. James (lift, Esq.
William Banbury, Eeq. Rupert Ingleby, Esq.
Edward Bates, Esq. Thomas Kelly, Esq., Ald.
Thomas Camplin, Esq. Jeremiah Filcher, Esq.
John Humphery, Esq., Alderman, Lewis Pocock, Esq.
M.P.
PHYSICIAN—Dr. Jeaffreson, 2, Finsbury.square.
SuitogoN—W. Coulson, Esq., 2, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry.
CONSULTING AcrusaY—Professor Hall, of King's College.

LOW RATES OF PREMIUM.
In addition to the subscribed Capital of X 300,000, the Assured
have the security of the Company's income of nearly Xrfl,Oile per
annum, yearly increa‘ing, and an accumulating Assurance Fund in-
•ested in Government and other available securitie', of considerably
larger amount than the estimated liabilities of the Company.
The rates of premium are reduced to the lowest scale compatible
with the security of the Assured, and the stability of the Company
thereby, in effect, giving to every Policy Holder an immediate anti
certain Bonus without risk, in lieu of the deferred and frequently
delusive prospect of a periodical division of Profits.

ANNUAL PREMIUM TO ASSURE £lOO.

Age.
20 £0 17 8
80 1 1 8
40 1 5 •
SO 1 14 1
SO 3 2 4

TILT'S ALMANACKS for 1845.
To be had of all Booksellers and Stationers,
TILT'S MINIATURE ALMANACK, size lt by 2} inches, neatly
bound in cloth, Gd. ; in roan tuck, Is.
TILT'S POCKET ALMANACK; or, Goldsmith Improved, in
cloth, 9d.; in roan tuck, Is. Gd.
BIJOU ALMANACK, with Four Portraits, size 1 Inch by I, is.,
beautifully bound.
D. Bogue (late Tilt and Bogue), Fleet-street.

Just published, price 53., No. I. of
T lIE LA W REVI E W.
CONTENTS:-

Far One Tear. k For Seven leers. 1 Whole Term.

X 3 19 1
1 2 7
1 6 9
1 19 10
3 17 0

£1 11 10
2 0 7
1 14 10
4 0 11
6 0 10

One-third of " Whole Term" Premium may remain unpaid at
It per cent. compound interest, as a debt upon the policy for life, or
stay be paid off at any time without notice.
- .

In Assurances for Advances of Money, as security for debts or as
a provision for a family. when the least present outlay is desirable,
the varied and comprehensive tables of the Argus Office will be
found to be particularly favourable to the Assured.
The Medical Officers attend daily at a Quarter before Two o'Clock
EDWARD RATES, Resident Director.
A liberal Commission to Solicitors and Agents

I. The Study and Science of Jurisprudsnco-2. Resistance to the
Gradual Improvement of the Law-3. On the Distinction between
Law and Fact-4. The Law of Fees and Costs-5. A Memoir of the
Lord Chief Baron Abinger-6. The Joint-Stock Companies' Regulation
Act-7. The Alteration in the Alien Law-8. Lord Denman's Speech
on the Relief of Scrupulous Persons from Oaths-9. Memoir of the
late Lewts Duval, Esq.-10. The Revision of Publie Bills-11. Legal
Education-12. Recent Alterations in the Forms of Conveyances-
-13. The Writ of Certiorari In Criminal Cases-14. Bankruptcy and
Insolvency ; with a Selection of Adjudged Cases recently reported.
Owen Richards, Law Bookseller and Publisher, 194, Fleet-street.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]
MISS CLARA WEBSTER'S
BURNING.
TO "DOCTORS " MARSDEN, LISTON, &C.
state of Miss Webster
The dangerous " feverish s
sickness at four
o'clock still unabated, and her " emetic
o'clock on Monday evening convinces me that your
experimental treatment in her " casemetics
ui
sn
ttoh e
the
upper extreme.
" by external
Physics, niesraalbes
stomach is a round-about way into the system ; as
and aperiehnletedapinpgli,caotrionmsi
they, by ferment agitation, must unite with the blood
forming at the moment ;—whereas my mode, as that
of the " antient physicians," is to counteract the fer-
mentation already created, through nervous shock, by
taking away the CAUSE for it : by instant purification
of the bony fabric.
The following is offered as a " New Year's Gift"
for 1845 to the humane in Memorandum for wil-
ful or accidental bodily suffering by fire. The
66 caloric" thus sucked out of Miss Webster's system
by the substance of the flame—on her being burnt on
Saturday night last at Drury-lane Theatre. This
deprivation of natural caloric is only to be regained
to the body of this young lady in balance for healthy
temperature—by the purest " caloric-spirit heat," as
existing in " virgin-wax." Hence ! as heat repels
heat, as cold-chill by snow-cold, heat, from pure
white flame, must be brought in contact, and must be
applied through the nostrils direct to the vessels of
the lungs, to and from the brain, under aid of " the
VITAL AIR LAMP,"-or after " its" manner—for the
gradual rarification of" breath" for obtaining a regu-
lar moist tongue in " proof" of the absence of fever.
This mode, with purified ssILX, instantly restores
" the oxygen of the blood," expands for fibril circula-
tion the epidermis, or outer skin for the hair's growth,
under a gentle perspiration; and at the same time—
as if at " the FoNT" of nature—lubricates generally
" the balls and sockets" of the joints, with their car-
tilaginous parts, for expansive ease, appetite, and
tranquil sleep.*
Mark this, philanthropists! If the above " Memo-
randum" is not adopted, the hair of the head and
" eye-brows" will never grow, the skin will become
like " parchment," or else nervous languor, mortifica-
tion, and death will speedily terminate the now excru-
ciating spasmodic suffering of this young, fascinating,
and popular actress.

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE.

NORTHERN ClRCUlT—Liverpool, Dec. 16.

MURDER.— Thomas Shaw was indicted for the wilfu.
murder of Alice Nolan, at Manchester, by cutting her
throat.
Mr. Brandt and Mr. Whigham conducted the prose-
cution. The prisoner was defended by Mr. James, who
was assigned to him as counsel.
Mr, Brandt stated the case, and proceeded to call the
following witnesses :
James Kearsley, who stated that he lived in Cannon-
street, in Salford, and that Alice Nolaa lived there for
from nine to ten months. She was there on Sunday,
the 7th of July. She left the house from half-past ten
to eleven. Witness saw her no more alive. Saw her
dead body on the Monday at the Rob Roy public-house.
Sarah Shepherd stated that she resided in Cork-street,
and knew the deceased, Alice Nolan. They worked to-
gether. Knew the prisoner. He visited the deceased.
He was courting her. On Sunday, the 7th of July,
Alice Nolan was at witness's house. She came up from
half-past ten to eleven in the morning. The prisoner
was there. After dinner they went out. When they
came back she came in first. He came in in about ten
minutes. She had tea. He did not have any. About
half-past nine she said she would help herself to some
bread and meat. He said he would have some too.
He took a mouthful of the bread and meat out of her
hand. They went out together shortly after. He came back
at about ten minutes or a quarter-past ten. As he came
down the yard he seemed to be dancing, and was sing-
ing " Jim along Jo." He said something, witness could
not tell what, and then she heard him say," Here goes."
lie seemed to make a catch at the latch, and the first
time he missed it. He tried the latch again, and opened
the door. He made one step into the house and fell on
his face. He lay with hie arms under him. There was
blood issuing from his throat. Witness made an alarm,
and tried to get him on his feet. He threw bis hands
about. Witness said, " Ob, Tom, what have you been
doing this for ! Where is Alice ? HASA you been fall-
' ing out ?" He stared very earnestly at witness, and
began taking off his coat. He was gurgling in his
throat. Witness ran out, and went for a surgeon. There
was a surgeon in the house when she came back. When
the witness and the deceased came in after dinner she
was smiling. He was very pale, as if he were vexed.
Witness turned to her and said, "Alice, you have been
vexing him." He sat down beside her. She looked at
him and smiled. He crept towards her and laid his hand
upon her shoulder. She had not a bonnet. They ad-
dressed one another as Alice and Tom.
Cross-examined—When they came in between dinner
and tea time she went up to witness, put her hands
round witness's neck in a playful manner, and asked her
to go and wash herself. She played with her hands round
witness's neck a minute or two. When they went
out he jumped up hastily. They had been fondling with
one another. Witness's husband and the prisoner
worked together. Witness understood the prisoner had
lost his situation some days before. He had not been
drinking at the witness's house the night before. He
-.vas out with witness's husband for about ten minutes.
The deceased and prisoner were together in the course
of Saturday evening. He had two glasses of beer.
Witness has known him about four months. Does not
know if he was in the habit of drinking. It was from
knowing the deceased he came to witness's house.
Re-examined—When she put her hand on Witness's
neck she played with it, and asked witness to go and
wash her. She had done so before. There was nothing
in it which induced witness to feel any alarm.
Martha Wilson stated thrt she knew the prisoner and
Alice Nolan. They came into witness's house about
half-past three. They remained about two hours and
a half. They seemed very comfortable. He st emed
very fond of her. Witness went out with the deceased.
When they came back he was gone.
Cross-examined—The prisoner left about ten minutes
before her. 'I hey seemed very comfortable while they
were there. Witness's husband and the prisoner worked
together.
Hugh Broadhurst stated that he lived in Salford.
The prisoner on the Sunday came to his house to borrow
a razor. He asked for a latherbox and razor to shave.
They were laid on the table, and witness told his wife to
put some water on. The prisoner said, " Never mind;
there's water yonder," pointing to Mrs. Shepherd's. He
.ut the razor and lathorbox in his pocket, and went out.
Witness saw the razor afterwards with Mr. Ward. It
was the same he had lent the prisoner.
Joseph Jones stated that he lived next door to Mrs.
Shepherd. Was in the necessary on the Sunday
evening. Heard a noise, es of the prisoner singing.
He seen.ed to be going to Mrs. Shepherd's. He stooped
down and said " Here goes it ; here I will die." He
stooped for a short time, and then rose-up, and some-
thing dropped He opened Mrs. Shepherd's door, and
fell in. Witness went to the place where the prisoner
stooped down, and found a razor. Gave it to Edward
Ray. There was some blood upon it. It was about
half open. Witnes went into Shepherd's house. The
prisoner was bleeding from the throat. The surgeon
came in about a quarter of an hour.
Cross-examined—Did not observe the prisoner until
he stooped. Could not see if he put his hand into his
pocket.

Edward Ward—Received the razor from Edward
Ray. Went to the Rob Roy public .house, and found the
body of deceased there. Went to Mrs. Shepherd's.
The prisoner was lying on the floor with his throat cut.
Took him to the infirmary. There was a blue pilot coat
in the house, in the pocket of which was a latherbox
and brush. The coat was much sprinkled with blood on
the skirts.

Thomas Huxley stated that on Sunday, the 7th of
July, he was in Bridge-street. It was near ten o'clock.
Came up to a man and woman near the corner of Alfred-
street. Heard the man say, " Well, Alice, must we be
married ?" She replied, " No, not yet." He said,
" You won't?" The woman answered, "No, not these
six months, Tom." Witness went on about fifteen

yards, and heard the Woman cry out, " Oh God, Tom!"
She was at the corner of Brigg-street. She was then
leaving the man. He came towards witness. He
walked very quick. She went in the direction of Ar-
lington-street. Witness spoke to the man, and said,
" What's to do?" Ile answered, " Nothing; good night."
When witness first passed them the man had his arm
round the woman's neck. lle had a blue pilot coat on,
and he seemed to have iron heels to his• boots. The
woman had no bonnet. She went in the direction of
Richmond-street. The young woman had on a dark
dress and cream-coloured boots.

Cross-examined—Did not see other people about at
the time. The two persons seemed to be courting. Did
not notice anything peculiar about them. Was about
five yards past them before he heard anything said. Was
not paying any particular attention. Is sure of the
words. They were," Well, Alice, shall we be married?"
Is sure it was by way of question. When witness heard
the words, " Oh God, Tom," thought the man had struck
her. It seemed to be an expression of pain. Was fif-
teen or twenty yards off at the time. The man could
have gone to Mrs. Shepherd's house, at the pace he was
walking, in about ten minutes. Had particularly ob-
served the woman's dress before he heard her cry out.
Was five yards past before he heard the words about
getting married. Witness's attention was not particu-
larly directed towards them. They were talking when
witness passed. They talked in the same tone all along.
Had observed the man's boots in passing. Judged they
had iron heels from the sound. The man crossed by
Albert-street. Thinks he passed over flags, but cannot
say. It is not soft ground there. Seemed to have
laceup boots. Coul i not see what both parties wore be-
fore passing them. Had not seen the body of the de-
ceased before giving his evidence. Saw her the night
before she was buried. It was before the Coroner's in-
quest. Believed she was in her c'offie. She was laid out.
Saw part of the clothes after he had given a description
of her dress. Saw her boots and a neckerchief. The
clothes he saw were a dark-coloured dress, a crape hand-
kerchief, and cream-coloured boots. lam sure the word
she used was Torn. Will swear it was not John. Was
about fifteen yards off at that time.
Re-examined—Described the young woman's dress
before he saw the clothes of the deceased. The man in
running away crossed a brick croft.
Ann Kershaw—Lives in Brigg-street, Salford. It is
a corner house with Albert-street. There is a back
window into Albert-street. Saw a man and woman
opposite the back window just after the clock struck ten.
Both were dressed in dark clothes. Saw their heads.
She had no bonnet on. She had a cap. They came in
the direction of Brigg-street. They would turn to the
left to go into Albert-street. They seemed as if they
were quarrelling. The woman made a sudden start
from the palings in the direction of Brigg-street, and the
man after her.

throat, about eight inches lonz, in an oblique direction.
The windpipe was severed. That wound was the cause
of death. Thinks it must have been inflicted by the
right hand of another party. Examined the prisoner at
Cook-street oa the evening of Sunday. lie had a very
large wound in the neck. The windpipe was nearly cut
in two. He was sent to the infirmary. lie was unable
to speak. The large blood vessels seemed to have
escaped.

Cross-examined—It is possible the wound might have beeninflicted by the left hand of the deceased.' It wa.
in an oblique direction from the front of the throat, up
towards the left ear. Thinks the course of the wound
would have been different if it had been made by the
left hand of the deceased party. Cannot speak positively.
Mr. Shepherd recalled—The deceased had on a second
mourning dress and light bouts. Prisoner had on a blue
pilot coat. Did not notice his boots.
This was the case for the prosecution.
Mr. JAMES addressed the jury for the prisoner, going
minutely through the evidence, and contending that there
was nothing in it that could justify the jury in saying,
beyond any reasonable doubt, that it was the hand of the
prisoner at the bar which inflicted the wound of which
the unfortunate woman died. He urged that from the
inconsistencies of the statements made respecting the
man and woman described by the witnesses, that
there must have been more than one couple seen
by them, in itself the most probable thing in
the world, in such a town as Manchester, on the
Sunday evening. Nor were the prisoner and the de-
ceased identified as either of them. The dress and ap-
pearance described were of a kind the most usual and
common in the class of life to which the prisoner and the
deceased belonged ; and the supposition that they were
identified by the fact of their using the names of Torn and
Alice, was one based on the most rash assumptions.
The only witness on whom the truth of this fact depended
was paying, as might be supposed, no attention to the
casual conversation of two persons whom he was acci-
dentally passing in the streets. He was even, by his
own account, at some considerable distance before he
professed to have heard the names, and his loose recol-
lection of the conversation would be most likely to be
deceived when, once having got the idea th it those
whom he had seen were the parties in question, he
learned that their names were what he had now stated.
That this unfortunate woman died from a wound inflicted
in her throat was most certain ; but could they say with
certainty, upon this evidence, by whom that wound had
been inflicted ? It was possible, on the medical evidence,
that it had been inflicted by herself. Could they say it
was not ? They would recollect the singular circum-
stance of the deceased playing with her fingers round
the neck of Mrs. Shepherd. Who could tell what sin-
gular ideas, passing in her mind, had prompted this
strange conduct ? Was it not possible that the fact of
the prisoner losing his situation, the consequent post-
ponement of her marriage, a matter of necessity, of more
importance to her than to him, might have prompted the
rash act. But even if they should think themselves jus-
tified, amid all these unsatisfied doubts, in coming to tl.e
conclusion that the prisoner really inflicted this in-
jury on the deceased, was it not clear that on that
evening he was not aware of what he was doing ? They
would recollect the strange way in which he was stated
to have come to Mrs. Shepherd's singing a foolish
song, and stampi-g with his feet in the strange way
which Mrs. Shepherd had described. And when they
found, as would be clearly shown, that the prisoner was
since beyond all doubt, insane—that he had been treated
as a lunatic, and been subjected to the restraint of a
straight-waistcoat, as the only means of security, it would
strengthen beyond measure the probability, that at the
time of this occurrence, should they think that he par-
ticipated in the death of the deceased, he was not ac-
countable for his actions. The great loss of blood was
the most likely thing to produce an interval of sanity.
When that depletion was supplied by a generous diet he
became insane, ani was only restored to sanity by sub-
mitting him to a rigorously lowering regimes. He
would call the surgeon of the gaol, and leave them to
form their judgment on his evidence as to the prisoner's
sanity, contending, however, that in the first place there
was no evidence on which they could rely, that it was
by his act the deceased came by the injury which
caused her death.

Mr. Chalmers, surgeon to the gaol, was called, and
stated that for some weeks after the prisoner came into
the gaol he treated him as any other patient for the
wound in his throat. After that time he became morose,
irritable, and ill-behaved in his manner. Ile had been
placed on a more generous diet than the prison diet.
He became at last very violent and incoherent. Witness
thought he was insane, and summoned other medical at-
tendance, Dr. Fornby. After a joint examination with
Dr. Formby, was still of the same opinion. He was put
in a straight racket, and persons appointed to watch him.
Ilis diet was reduced, and he is still kept on the same
diet. He remained in that state for nearly a fortnight,
Thinks he is now sane, but would think it his duty to
watch him for fear of a recurrence of the malady. A de-
pleting mode of treatment may produce the appearance
of sanity for the time, insanity being liable to recur
when that treatment is abandoned. Cannot from what
he saw speak as to the state of his mind iu the July
preceding.
His LORDSHIP summed up, and stated that of late
years the plea of insanity had been set up on very weak
grounds. If a man showed any peculiarity, any morose-
ness, had any unreasoaable quarrel with his relations or
friends, it was made a ground for representing him as
insane. To establish that plea, however, they must be
satisfied that the party was at the time the offence was
committed unable to distinguish right from wrong. His
Lordship then went through the facts as they bore upon
the question, whether the prisoner had, in fact, caused
the death of the deceased.

The jury, after a short absence from the box, returned
a verdict of Guilty. _ _

His LoßDstm, than proceeded to pass sentence upon
the prisoner. Towards the close of his Lordship's ad-
dress, the unhappy man sank back, apparently partially
insensible, in the arms of the turnkeys. At the close of
the sentence he seemed to wake, as it were, from a dream,
and clinging to the front of the dock endeavoured to ad-
dress the Court, but a few hoarse, unintelligible whispers
were all that could be beard; his tongue refused its office,
and he was led half fainting from the dock. At the same
moment some person at the back of the dock was seised
with a fit apparently of epilepsy, and his cries and
struggles were appalling. The crowd endeavouring to
rush to the spot increased the confusion, and it was only
by great exertions on the part of the officers in attend-
ance that the unfortunate man was carried from the
Court, and order finally restored.

Durham!, Dec. 16.
The Commission for this county was opened by the
Worshipful the Mayer of Durham, on the 14th inst.,
and Mr. Justice Coleridge arrived in the eveninff, and
attended Divine service at the Cathedrial on Sunday'
morning. _ _

The number of prisoners in the calendar is twenty-
six, and the number of charges twenty-two, comprising
two charged with tiring a gun into a dwelling-house,
with intent to do some grievous bodily harm ; three
charged with rape, one with manslaughter, two (one of
whom is a gentleman possessed of considerable resources)
with an unnatural crime; six with cutting and maiming,
with intent to murder or do grievous bodily harm ; four
with forgery, and uttering 5/. notes of the Stockton and
Durham County Bank ; three with burglary, and two
with feloniously receiving the proceeds of the burglary ;
one with forging and uttering a bill of exchange ; and
one with attempting to sink a ship on the high seas.
The crimes are thus all of a highly serious character.
The Court was opened this day at ten minutes to eight
o'clock.

General Gardiner
Stt.th, And Families of the first distinction.
14, 11.,j`klicities, which are found to possess se great a power
atly "Pective complaints to which they are applicable, as fre-
'4o to
iTender further medical aid unnecessary, were also ho-
ti'ista h the patronage of
11i,41C14.1.,"• the Duke of Sussex Lord John Churchill
4,.:lstthel" Churchill Sir Francis Burdett, M.P.
liti4 Wood, Bart., M.P. George Byng, Esq , M.P.
°as Medical Gentlemen of eminence in London have
borne testimony to their efficacy.
and sold, wholesale and retail, at 118, Holborn-hill, and
344, Strand, London.
hAr, Strongly recommended by the Faculty.
th, AROMATIC SPICE PLASTERS for the CHEST,
Asthmas Shortness of Breath, Pain or Tightness of
\t,),k4tly Affections of 'the Lungs, kit., are effectually relieved, and
ttt,.*)'s Acta*" entirely prevented, by the timely application of
14. t tO ninatie Spice Plasters to the chest, which are far lupe-
intee,'nnton warm plasters, and frequently supersede the
ktki 'thout 'hal remedies. No person during the winter ought to
It. ad °ae. travellers by railroad in particular. Sold at Is.
tit• each,
t't.st°,agh. ;WRAY'S PECTORAL LOZENGES,
lhi°lds, Asthmas, &c. These Lozenges will be found a
tF,N*tiso ableremedy for allaying and resnovihg the troublesome
ito.,l',a 4 incentive to coughing which generally accompany
kt;„l,tatio), 1 4aints• They promise also expectoration and an easy
'14;4,04 Two or three should be suffered to dissolve in the
incl raPeat at moderate intervals. Sold in boxes at 2s. each,
St,r
th, 4rited to WRAY'S SPECIFIC MIXTURE,
4,1(1'!) alaritrellinve Urethral Discharges in forty-eight Fours—in
,
how' nt. cases, twenty-four—if arising from local causes.
1.11 Nl,sy at 4s• td, and 1 1 s• each, with full instructions.
'l4l IMPROVED s IMPROVED SUSPENSORY BANDAGES,
41),I Night
fro for sportsmen, gentlemen hunting, riding, walking,
Its disease, relaxation, local debility, &c., approved of
`st, aNd lery,*"rnrnended by the late Mr. Abernethy. Best Jean,
; ditto, with fronts, 3s. d. ; Knitted or Wove Silk.
t„, L°. with elastic springs, 75.6 6d.
tiol,to'rnia, ...WRAY'S STEEL SPRING TRUSSES,
k'*, los r.,,r•ParlY adapted, single, 55. 6d., 7s. 6d., and 10s. ;
inc Nein 15s. and .1s
N btu e Chests
Fe fitted up for family use or sea voyages. Genu-
ePa Chemicals of every description, with their several
,41!Itti • according to the Pharraacopmia of the Royal College
t> "8* A
large stock of new English Honey of the finest
A "'ads at „I and Is. 6d. per lb., and the best West India
.1* same price.
6yZriptisti.annwance to Merchants and Captains. Physicians'
Nntleroen and Family Recipes carefully and accurately prepared
Ott Nei. , regularly qualified.
Pniairoconely_Advice from Eleven till One, every day. Surgical
:154 50ris re,371-7 evening from Seven till Nine.
^544 so" 'ding in the remotest parts of the country can be
tso of I.f "sfullY, on describing minutely their symptoms, age,
tar be e. &o
for,,,ave.. and inclosing a remittance for medicine, which
Arl.llty
tpetro!ec."
tead
hoornanoyb,,pearrytaotifont e world, securely packed and
to be addressed to H. 0. WRAY 111, Holborn-hill.

CHARLES 11. ACKERLEY,
Author of the mode for " inflating the nervous tubes"
to and from the brain, by pure air in all cases of
debility.
At 5, Swallow-street, Regent's Quadrant, London,
from eleven to one o'clock daily.
Dec. 17, 1844.
• The woolly part of "Wadding" used in ladies' dresses
applied to burns, extracts the fiery-heat, and prevents
pain by aiding evaporation. Thin paper (as in the pa-
tient's case) acted as a blister, by stopping up the pores of
the skin.

TDB LATH EARL Or LIMERICK.—The mortal re-
mains of the late Earl of Limerick lay in state on Sun-
day last, at South-hill Park, where the universal respect
and esteem in which the lamented Lord had long been
held attracted a vast concourse of persons to pay their
last tribute of regard. The hall and two of the principal
apartments were prepared for this solemn occasion, and
ingress was freely given to all who presented themselves
between the hours of two and four o'clock. In the centre
of the saloon, which was carpeted with black cloth, was
placed, on a platform covered with a black velvet pall,
and displaying the armorial bearings of the family, the
coffin, covered with black velvet, on the lid of which
is a
plate bearing the style and titles of the deceased Lord,
and at the head of which was placed, resting on a
cushion of crimson velvet and gold, the coronet of an
Earl. Six colossal silver candelabra, containing wax-
lights, stood round the bier; and two of the nearest re-
lations sat as mourners at the head of the coffin, and two
members of the establishment attired in deep mourning
sat at the feet. Behind the mourners was placed the lid
of feathers, and at the upper extremity of the room
hung a large esctucheon, displaying the armorial bear-
ings of the deceased Nobleman. The apartments were
lighted by wax-lights placed at intervals round the walls.
At ten o'clock yesterday morning the mournful caval-
cade left South-hill Park for Ireland, and will arrive at
Limerick House on Saturday, where the body will again
lie in state on Sunday next; and on Monday, the 23d
inst., the remains of the lamented Lord will be deposited
with those of his ancestors in the burial-place of the
family under the Pery Chapel, in Limerick Cathedral.
Tull EXPECTED BREVET.--It is confidently said
that the long-expected brevet will take place at the
commencement of the new year. This has been long due
to the army, and we are sure that it will be gratefully
received.—Herald,

William Henry Kershaw—ls the son of the last wit-
ness. His mother sent him to see what the man and
woman were doing. Saw the man part from the woman,
and as he was running he stumbled into a gutter. That
was at thirty yards off, and in the middle of the brick
croft. He ran away towards Dale-street. As he ran
away she turned the corner, and put up her hand to her
throat. Witness went into the house. Heard an alarm
of a woman having been killed about a quarter of an
hour after. Went to the place where he had seen the
woman, and found a pool of blood.
Cross-examined—When the man ran away he ran
from me. It was about four or five yards from the
corner of Brigg-street. I saw them separate.
Mary Barlow—Lives in Arlington-street. Saw a
woman, about the hour mentioned, passing up Arlington-
street, opposite Dean's-buildings. She was staggering.
She had her left hand to her throat. There was a
gurgling sound in her throat. She passed near witness,
and put her hand on witness's shoulder with a sort of
push. She went up Arlington-street, until she got
opposite Mr. Senior's shop, when she fell against the
door. Witness gave an alarm, and the woman was taken
to the Rob Roy public-house. She had a cap on, and
no bonnet.

His LoRDSHIP, in charging the grand jury, expressed
an opinion that the grand jury and others would feel
great inconvenience from having to attend the Winter
Assizes at this inclement season of the year. The county
which he had just left (Yorkshire), however, showed
that the course pursued was not without necessity. The
advantage of frequent gaol deliveries was great in one
respect, that it prevented persons wrongfully charged
from being long confined in prison ; but the evil was
as great individually in cases where there were few
prisoners as in those where many were confined.
During last year between 8,000 and 9,000 prisoners
had been discharged without conviction, from
one cause or another, and at the last Winter As-
sizes 306 had thus received their discharge. The
ground of a long commitment, however, did not at-
tach in this case, for, with the exception of five, all the
rest had been committed to gaol since October. His
Lordship observed, at some length, on parties procuring
themselves to be inserted on the special jury lists, in
order to get quit of attendance on the petty juries—a
practice which, he said, was much to be deprecated, not
only on the ground that it inflicted an onerous and unjust
burden on the lower classes of jurymen, but also because
it deprived the Judges of the assistance uf men of greater
moral and intellectual attainments in some of the more
important cases—such as murder, manslaughter, for-
gery, and the like. The power of remedying this by
the magistrates was so difficult as to be almo,t impos-
sible. His Lordship then proceeded to remark on the
cases in the calendar, but nothing of a general nature
was contained in his obsei vations.

Thomas Barber—Saw the woman fall, and helped to
raise her up. She lived about ten minutes.
Joseph Chrichton, surgeon, stated that on the Bth of
July he went to the Rob Roy public-house, and saw the
body of a female, There was a large wound on the

MANSLAUGHTER AT WINGATE GRANGE COLLIERY.—
Jane Shaw, aged 52, was charged with killing and slay-
ing her husband, Thomas Shaw, at the parish of Kello,
on the 17th of August last.
Mr. Otter conducted the prosecution ; Mr. Grainger
the defence.

In this case it appeared that on the day the unfortu-
nate occurrence took place, the deceased and his wife
had been both drinking in a public-house kept by a man
named Anderson, at Wingate-grange Colliery, in which
they resided. Some bitter observations, indicating a
certain extent of jealousy, had been made use of by
the prisoner to her husband ; but it yet appeared that"
she had made some attempts to get him home. On
the road he was seen to be bent nearly double and
to sink upon a form in a disabled state ; and after
he was raised the blood was seen to gush from a
wound in his breast, and he fainted. The surgeon called
in deposed that he survived for a few days, but ultimately
died from en effusion of blood internally, which effusion

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No. 16,330. LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING SUN DECEMBER 18, 1844.
9

-----2--e-c-e_

z 7

PRICE sd.

TrIE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time for the :AFTERNOON TRAINS
and a THIRD EDITION at SEVEN O'CLOCK, for POST, sc,niaining PARLIAMENTARY and all other NEWS in LONDON up to dust flour.
ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereiy insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

was caused by the wound already mentioned, describe]
as about half an inch in length and two inches in depth,
and likely to be produced by a penknife or a pair of small
s;•issors. Two witnesses deposed to the deceased sa) inn
to his wife, after being conveyed home, "You villain, it
was not this way when you stuck the gully into me."
Rut a third, the wife of one of the other witnesses, and
who had not previously been examined in the case,
swore that the expression of the deceased was, " You
villain, you know where you put the gully into me."
That a person exclaimed it had not been dune by a gully,
but by a penknife ; and that on his wife hearing this she
went to a table in the room and took up a penknife,
which she put into her pocket.
Much stress was laid bey Mr. GRAINGER in his defence
on no blood being found in the prisoner's house, no knife
with blood upon it, about her or the premises, and no
marks of blood upon the person. The wife was tipsy
at the time of the unfortunate occurrence, so much so
that, on being informed of his state, she said she knew
nothing about him, and was going to seek him with a
lighted lantern ; and the Learned Counsel suggested
that the deceased's death might have been occasioned by
falling upon some low palisades in front of his house ;
and, although the evidence of medical gentlemen were
quite contradictory of this hypothesis, yet the jury
seemed to agree with it, and Acquitted the prisoner.
The Court adjourned at seven o'clock.

OXFORD ClRCUlT.—Stafford, Dec. 16.
(Before Mr. Justice COLTMAN.)
MURDER OF SIR TIIO3IAS BOUGHEY'S HEAD-GAME-
KEEPER.-At nine o'clock this morning Paul Downing,
aged nineteen, and Charles Powys, aged seventeen, were
arraigned, charged with the wilful murder of William
Cooper, at Audley, in the month of August last.
Mr. Yardley and Mr. Boughey appeared on the part
of the Crown; the prisoners were defended by Mr. Allen
and Mr. liuddleston.
The facts of the case having been succinctly stated by
the senior counsel for the prosecution, a model and plans
of the premises where the horrible transaction took place
were put in and duly proved.
Daniel Colclough was then sworn—He stated, I am a
collier. I lived near the deceased, Cooper. On Sunday,
the 4th of August, about nine A.M. and about five P.M.
he called on me. We went together to Audley Chapel,
and left about eight in the evening, when we went to the
King's Head, where we remained till ten. The deceased
walked with me home. I arrived there at a quarter to
twelve. As we walked home we met an uncle of the de-
ceased. I went to bed as soon as I reached my house.
Shortly after I was called up by the father of the de-
ceased and another man, named Shuker. I went with
them to Cooper's house, and found him lying there
dead.

Thomas Cooper, the father of the deceased, deposed
as follows :—I live in the parish of Audley. I and my
son were gamekeepers in the service of Sir Thomas
Boughey. On the night of the 4th of August I went to
bed a little after ten. I heard the clock strike eleven
and twelve. Soon after twelve I heard the report of a
gun, accompanied by a loud scream, close to my back
premises. My bed-room is in the front of the house.
I immediately jumped out of bed, knocked against the
wall for my neighbour Shuker, and ran down stairs.
I found my son lying on his right side with his head in
the kitchen and his body in the yard. There was a con-
siderable quantity of blood around him. On finding
what had taken place, I called in Lawrence and his wife,
and Lightfoot. They came up by the cart-road to the
house, and entered the kitchen. I sent for Mr. War-
burton, who lives at Betley, and is a surgeon ; and I
went to Colclough's and Shuker's. It was about four
o'clock when I left the house myself. I then sent
Shuker to Newcastle, about fi►e miles off, far the police.
Before going, however, he called my attention to some
foot-marks in a fallow field, which had gone through
the gate near Lawrence's garden. They were
the traces of two persons, one rather larger
than the other. I also observed that where they had
come across the pasture field the dew was taken off the
grass. The footmarks were in a line from my back pre-
mises down the field. I could only track them for eight
or nine yards. The two lines of steps were about three
or four yards apart. There was so much dew that I
could see the steps distinctly. I examined the cow-yard
as soon as Shuker was gone. I there saw four or five
footmarks. Two were very perfect ; a brick was also
displaced in the footway. I ordered the footsteps not to
be disturbed till the police arrived. I was absent at
Betley about an hour. About ten o'clock the police ar-
rived, Mr. Mqinight first. I pointed out to him all the
footmarks. I had been in the covvhouse-yard about nine
o'clock on Sunday evening, and left the gates closed as
usual. Between three and four in the morning I disco-
vered the one leading into the foldyard open. There
were no footsteps in the midden then, nor was the brick
at that time displaced. I know both prisoners. On four
different occasions I have had to lay informations against
one of them, and on one occasion my son was with me
when we caught the prisoners poaching ; but I proved
the case. The first time was about January last, and
the last the 26th of May. The information was heard
on the 4th of June. An information has been laid
against Powys. My house is eleven minutes' walk from
Enoch Wood's.

Cross-examined—l came out at the door my son was
shot at. Lawrence and his wife came with me after I
gave the alarm. Saw Lightfoot on my premises at two
A.M. My attention was attracted to footmarks between
three and four o'clock. No one had left my house
between the two periods. Do not recollect any search
having been made up to the time my attention was
called to the footmarks. Told Shuker not to say any-
thing about footmarks or marks on linen. Lawrence's
cottage is about 15 or 20 yards from the road. I was
never a witness, or made any charge against the pri-
soner Powys. Ours is a very bad neighbourhood for
poaching. The poachers are very bold and daring, and
a most desperate sot of characters. I have had, during
the last two years, to lay many informations against
poachers. A fearful and most barbarous murder of a
gamekeeper was committed there about a year ago. My
son was not a witness on that occasion. Once he laid an
information against Downing. He used to go out and
help us. He was a labourer. I saw Downing whilst in
custody, but never spoke to him about this business. I
never said to him he had better tell all about it. I had
not been shooting either on the Sunday, Monday, or
Tuesday.

Willcam Price—l am a policeman. Was at Hamer-
end on the sth of August, at Enoch Wood's house, and
apprehended Downing there between one and two. I
took him to Cooper's house ; took him all along the
footpath leading across the field to Cooper's house. I
know the field by Cooper's back premises. Go t into that
field through a gate adjoining Cooper's garden, furthest
from the house. When the prisoner arrived at the pro-
secutor's house I delivered him over to another man's
custody. Saw Powys that afternoon, at three. Ile was
coming up the pasture field. I know Lawrence's house.
I live there. I saw Powys above the road in the pasture
field. I went to him and took him into custody. Mr.
ll'linight was with me. Made him take off his right
boot, which I gave to Mr. M'liitight. I remained half
:an hour with him, and went atterwards to Cooper's
house. The left boot was taken off in my presence, be-
fore he went to the house. Ile walked up to the house
across the turf barefooted.

James Wright APR-night—l am the chief superin-
tendent of the constabulary force at the Potteries. Went
to Cooper's house at nine o'clock A.M. on the Monday.
Saw deceased. Saw footmarks. They were in the
midden in the yard ; the other in a gateway leading from
a pasture to a fodder field. Cooper pointed them out,.
They were right footmarks. Observed particularly a
footmark in the gateway ; there was the impression of
three nails in the front mark ; the centre nail was
smaller than the other two ; I had not at that time seen
the boot. The footmarks in the midden and gateway
were of the same size and shape. I considered them to
be made by the same boot or shoe. There were other
marks, but not so distinct. Went into the fallow field.
I only observed one footmark there. Observed more
than one near the gate in the fallow field. There were
at least two footmarks in the field ; perhaps as many
as of three or four persons. Considered, from the
size of the smaller footmarks, that the persons who
had been in the yard had gone in that direction. I
traced marks up to the hedge, which seemed to have been
broken through. I did not trace them any further at
that time. Saw a boot taken off Powys. Examined the
boot with reference to the footmarks. I think Cooper
and Shuker were with me. I compared the boots with
the marks. I measured with a twig the impression and
boot. Found them exactly to correspond. (The boot
was here .produced.) I afterwards compared it with
the marks in the gateway. Found them to correspond.
Was making the comparison when Mr. Hatton arrived.
We measured the boot and marks together in every di-
rection, and found them all to correspond. Made other
comparisons at Clemley Park-bank some little time af-
terwards. Saw marks in a ditch there in a grass field
adjoining. Had then another boot from the policeman,
Slater, at the end of the field. I saw footmarks at the
further end of the field.

This witness remained for a great length of time under
examination and cross-examination. On his re-exami-
nation it was clearly proved that one of the footmarks,
which was more particularly examined, corresponded
precisely with the shoe of one prisoner ; one nail was
deficient in the toe of the shoe, and also of the impres-
sion, and the other nails corresponded in number pre-
cisely.
Thomas Shuker—l am a labourer. On the night in
question I heard the report of a gun on Mr Cooper's
premises, a little after twelve. I got up and saw the de-
ceased lying there. I went in about four or five minutes
after to Lawrence's. I then searched "bout the premises
and observed fresh footsteps. I went afterwards to
Newcastle for the police. This witness proceeded to
describe the direction in which the footsteps went
which it would be impossible to render intelligible
without a map to refer to. He added, that in the back
yard of Cooper's house he saw a small piece of blue paper
lying in the yard, near to where the deceased had been
lying. The paper was open. On the following day I
found two pieces of blue paper partly wedged under a
brick in the yard.


_~

Cross-examined—Nothing was said to me about
looking for wadding on Monday night. Mr. Hatton
inquired on the Tuesday mbrning about paper or wad-
ding, and I told Mr. Hatton that I had seed it the cny
before.

Captain Hatton, chief of the constabulary of Stafford-
shire—l saw Mr. M‘linight at Mr. Cooper's house when
I arrived there on the morning of the sth of August. I
observed some footmarks fuel boots, which were pointed
out to me. They tallied precisely in every respect.
(The testimony of this witness corroborated in every par-
ticular the preceding evidence.) Captain Hatton pro-
duced a single-barrelled gun, which he found in the bed-.
room of the elder prisoner. It had evidently in his opi-
nion, been recently used—in all probability 24 hours be—
fore. He brought also a powder-horn, contaking
charge of powder. The horn was stopped with a pledget
of blue paper rolled up, of precisely the same colour and
quality as that which was used as wadding for the gun.
This circumstance, as will be seen hereafter, formed a
very important link in the chain of evidence which con-
nected the prisoners with the crime. Captain Hatton
was present when the last witness found two pieces of
blue paper in the yard, which had evidently been used as
wadding. He then compared them with the pledget of
paper twisted up and used as a stopper to the horn found
In the bed-room of one of the prisoners. This comparison
was repeated in Court, and no doubt could exist as to
the pieces of paper found on Cooper's premises having
been used as wadding to a gun, nor of their having been
torn off the larger piece already alluded to. The gun
was found in a drawer of a chest of drawers, locked up
and covered over with clothes ; and the witness further
stated, that his belief as to its having been recently fired
was founded upon the appearance the nipple and of
the cock, which, as every one skilled in the use of fire-
arms is aware, differs totally from that of the same parts
when the gun has laid by for a few days.
Mr. Harding, one of the Coroners of the county,
proved that, in his opinion, he entertained not the least
doubt but that the boot taken off the elder prisoner had
made the impressions noticed near the house, each of
which was most accurately and carefully measured by
him and by several other parties. In fact, too high an
encomium cannot be passed upon Captain Hatton, and
the police under him, for the great care and pains evinced
by them in the investigation of the case, and the detec-
tion of the prisoners.
Thomas Furnival—l know the Samson colliery, an 4
recollect the Audley wake Sunday. I was at the col-
liery- about four or five o'clock. I saw Powys and Smith
there; the former had a gun with him, which he wai
ramming down." He then went down by the wood.
Hannah Sinister, the wife of Charles Sinister, of
Leycet, in the parish of Madeley—l know the Samson
colliery. I lire about 200 yards from it. I remember
Audley wake Sunday. Between four and five that after-
noon I heard a gun go off. I looked out and saw
Powys, Smith, Burgess, and Harding. They were op-
posite my door. Don't recollect which had the gun.
James Smith—l remember the Sunday of Audley
wake. I know the prisoners and the last witness, Mrs.
Sinister. I live at Leycet. I was in company with
Powys, Burgess, and Harding on the afternoon of that
day. None of us had a gun. We were at Enoch
Wood's till a late hour in the evening. I got home at a
quarter to twelve. I last saw Powys about eleven.
Downing was in his company at that time.
George Madders—My father is a butcher at Orator-
end. I know Charles Powys. I saw him on the even-
ing of Audley wake Sunday. James Smith was with
him. He asked me to gut him some powder and some
caps from Burgess's. lie said I was to fetch them in a
pocket handkerchief. I did not fetch them, because a
little lad had just died in the house, and I could not for
shame go. Downing lived close to my father's house.
I saw him one day washing his hands, and he said he
wished he was washing them "in William Cooper's
heart's blood."

Cross-examined—Dowing was at home when he said
this. It was the day Mr. C( oper caught him in Audley-
wood. It was more than a work before the wakes. I said
nothing of it until a month after the wakes.

Tho►nas Bolton, a collier, living at Audley-end—l
was at Enoch Wood's on the night of the wakes, about
eleven o'clock. I saw Powys there, and Downing too.
He was with James Smith. Powys said something to
Mr. Wood. I went away in the direction of Alsager's
Bank. I passed the Greeley Arms, kept by Mrs. Jones.
When there I heard the sound of a gun. The sound
came from towards Betley. I heard a scream at tho
same time.

Robert Weatherleyi: (police-officer).--I remember
Audley wake Sunday. I went to Ormerend that night,
and left Audley after clearing the public-houses, at a
quarter before twelve. I left Wood's beer-shop as the
clock struck twelve. I afterwards went to the Gresley
Arms, and to Silverdale. While going along I heard
the report of a gun in the direction of Cooper s house.
This was nearly half an hour from the time of leaving
Wood's. I sent the two lads, Furnival and Bolton, to
school, by order of the chief constable, about three
weeks ago.
At a late period of the evening it became aprarent that
the case for the prosecution could not be closed for some
hours further ; and his Lordship, after directing that the
jury should be kept in safe custody, adjourned the further
investigation of the case until nine o'clock to-morrow
morning.

THE CHANNEL ISLANDS.
(From the Chronicle.)
We are not among the number of those who think
the possession of the Channel Islands a matter of no
importance. Mismanaged and misgoverned as they
undoubtedly are, they are nevertheless valuable de-
pendencies of the Crown, containing a faithful and
loyal population of more than 70,000 souls, encom-
passed on all sides by the sea, and employing a ship-
ping amounting to more, we believe, than 30,000 tons,
according to the latest accounts.
But it is not solely at their intrinsic worth that
these islands should be rated. A British Minister
should consider not only their actual value, but what
they have cost, during the progress of the war, to the
parent country. In that gigantic contest from which
Great Britain came out victorious, it has been com-
puted that our country was obliged to embody and
maintain upwards of 10,000 men, solely for the de-
fence of the Channel Islands, independent of a
squadron of ships of war. The amount of the civil
and military establishments maintained in Jersey and
Guernsey during that eventful period, has been com-
puted alone at no less a sum than 284,1631. 16s. sd.
annually, in addition to a million of pounds otherwise
expended.
So immense an outlay as this was only justified
by the universal opinion that if these islands were in
the hands of the enemy the trade of the Channel
would be placed in peril. And so it unquestionably
would previous to 1815 ; for the possession of the
islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, and Sark,
would then have placed in the hands and at the
disposition of France that numerous host of priva-
teering vessels which, in the hands and under the
guidance of Britons, inflicted such serious injury on
the trade and commerce of our then most implacable
enemy. But the introduction and the general use of
steam in our navy has since materially diminished the
importance of this branch of the question, as we took
occasion to show in reviewing the pamphlet of the
Prince de Joinville ; though we are not insen-
sible to the advantage in the event of war (which
Heaven avert !) of having a naval station either at
Benlay Bay or at Alderney. But, in war, or in
peace, it is only fair that dependencies such as these
—enjoying not only protection but valuable immu-
nities, and on the erection of one of whose fortresses,
the foundation of which was laid in 1806, no less a
sum than 800,0001. was expended by the British
nation—should be governed by British laws, British
usages, and British customs. It is high time that in
the year of our Lord 1844, Jersey and Guernsey
should emerge from the barbarous code of feudalism;
and, being British in heart and British in feeling,
should adopt not only our laws and municipal insti-
tutions, but our language, as the code and the lan-
guage of her judicature and her people. The moral
and intellectual condition of the people of the Channel
Islands, notwithstanding the facilities afforded by
railroads and steam, can never be thoroughly im-
proved till the use of the English language and the
adoption of the English laws present a universal
medium of communication, and contact, and homo-
genity with the parent country. These general
observations—true at any time, and important as true
—derive augmented interest from recent occurrences.
For the last week the Court of Privy Council has
rung with the echoes of Jersey and Guernsey ; and
her Majesty's representative, the gallant and chival-
rous Lieutenant- Governor of one of those islands,
finds himself at issue with the Royal Court. It may
so happen, too, that before the close of the next
Hilary Term, the Court of Queen's Bench, where
her Majesty in person is supposed to preside,
may come into legal conflict with the Supreme
Court of the Island of Jersey, and these collisions—
always unseemly, if not always unseasonable—can
only be prevented for the future by rendering St.
Heiler and St. Aubin as much part and parcel of
the realm of England, as St. Albans and St. Neots.
It may and will be said by the Jersey and Guernsey
people, that their islands are prosperous and
flourishing ; but the prosperous and flourishing
condition of the islands is due, not to the
right of electing their own judges—not in being
governed by their own Legislature—not in the in-
operativeness of certain British writs and certain
British laws—not in the exemption from the impress
service, under the old system of manning the British
navy, and in the existence of some other privileges
too trifling to notice—but, hear it ye anti-free traders,
who are perpetually declaiming against freedom of
commerce—hear that the prosperity of the Channel
Islands arises altogether from a system of free trade
and low duties !

The late H. D. Inglis, who resided in the islands
from 1832 to 1834, and who, during a two years'
reoidence, commanded not only the opportunities to
observe, but, what is still better and far rarer, the
capacity and discriminition necessary to accurate
observation, thus speaks of the causes of the pros-
perity of the Channel Islands in his agreeable work:—
" The flourishing condition of the island is not, how-
ever, owing to the privileges which are so much valued
by the people, and which may be termed political privi-
leges, but is owing to its great commercial privileges.
When I come to speak of the commerce of the island,
these will be enumerated and explained ; meanwhile, I
would only observe, that it is these commercial privi-
leges which have filled its harbour with shipping, and ex-.
tended its commerce over the world—these winch confer

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