The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-30 00:00:00

iteninrnt

LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 1845,

can scarcely have been unexpected by the Premier,
who knows the Protestant temper of Ireland quite as
well, if not better, than any statesman of the day.
He must have foreseen the brewing hurricane, when
as yet it was but a distant speck on the horizon. But
we do most confidently hope and believe that the
storm which will soon be bursting and whistling
about his ears, and which we foresee will not be in-
ferior to that caused by Catholic Emancipation, will
have no other effect on him than to confirm him in his
resolution of redeeming his volunteered pledges strictly
to the letter. On no other terms can Ireland be even
partially reconciled to England. By no other
means can O'Connellism—which is nothing more
than the embodiment of a spirit of just discontent—
be extinguished. The times are peculiarly favour-
able for the Premier's experiment. The busy hum of
industry is again heard in the manufacturing districts;
the finances of the country are in an unusually flou-
rishing condition ; political parties seem, in a great
degree, to have lost the fury and bitterness that once
characterised them ; and, whether deserving of it or
not, there is no question that, just at the present
moment, Sir ROBERT Pan. exercises a very com-
manding influence, as well without as within the walls
of Parliament. Now, therefore, we repeat, is the best
time for his commencing the grand experiment of the
pacification of Ireland. He will, of course, meet with
much and violent opposition, but his chief opponents
will be the Irish Orangemen and the English Tories ;
and these, fortunately, are two broken and scattered
parties—the forlorn-hope of Bigotry I—whose political
ascendancy is for ever departed. But were it not so—
were these factions much stronger than they are at
present—still, there is a spirit of liberality in the
House of Commons quite strong enough to carry the
Premier triumphantly through all obstacles. To
succeed, then, he has only to dare ; and though we
are by no means among the number of those who
entertain any very high opinion of his moral
courage, yet, with so many chances in his favour,
we can scarcely permit ourselves to doubt that
he will fully and honourably redeem his last year's
pledges. And what a fame will be his when he
shall have succeeded in placing the national education
of Ireland on a just, comprehensive, enlightened, and
satisfactory basis ; thereby giving thousands who are
now without a hope, involved in the grossest igno-
rance, a fair chance of rising in the social scale, and
ranking among the future ornaments of their country !
There is no more exalted or lasting celebrity than
that which attaches to the statesman who can con-
scientiously say, that he left general intelligence
where he found nought but the intensest ignorance ;
and encouraged the spread of true religion in a king-
dom where, hitherto, it had been little better than a
party watchword.

dredging vessels., or other suitable means. The
" Small Downs" is an " anchorage of considerable.

extent, lying between the Brake Sand and the shore
northward of Deal." They notice various plans
that have been furnished for increasing, extending,

and protecting this anchorage ; and, among others, a
design by the late Sir JoaN RENNIE for a break-
water, five miles in length, at an estimated cost
of 3,280,0001. It has recently been shown that the
"Brake Sand" has gone, since its last previous nota-
tion on our coast charts, " about 700 yards bodily in
shore." For these and other reasons, and especially
"considering the Downs at the present time an ex-
cellent roadstead, with Ramsgate Harbour imme-
diately adjoining, the Commissioners cannot recom-
mend any outlay ui.on the " Small Downs." Of
Dover, they notice the geographical as well as political
importance of the position. They hold that there is
no place with greater advantages for the erection of a
breakwater, from its having an inner harbour, an ex-
cellent dock, &c. But seeing that two objections
have been suggested as likely to arise to its conversion
into a harbour of refuge—namely, that according to
some witnesses the holding ground is not good, and
that " it would have a tendency to silt up ;" the
Commissioners report they are satisfied, from the
experiments made on the tenacity of the bottom
by her Majesty's ship Blazer, that the former ob-
jeCtion is unfounded. As to the silting, they re-
commend that some of the water be taken under all
varieties of time, season, and weather, for a whole
year, then to be analysed by the proper officer of the
Museum of Economic Geology, in order to test
the nature of the deposits held in suspension by
it; and they are clearly of opinion that it ought
to be a harbour of refuge, " in order to give it that
efficiency as a naval station which is necessary to pro-
vide for the security of this part of the coast,
and the protection of trade." At Dungeness
nature has done so much to make it an excel-
lent roadstead for ships, that the Commissioners
do not at present recommend the construction of
a breakwater there. As to Beachy Head, East-
bourne, and Seaford, they do not recommend any
works to the east of Beachy Head ; but there is
no place in the whole coast line, say between Dover
and Portsmouth, where a harbour is so necessary as
in Seaford Reach, to the west of the Head in ques-
tion. At Newhaven they do not recommend any
outlay of public money. Of Portland Isle they re-
port in the most favourable and decided terms, as
excellently calculated for the construction of a break-
water, harbour, &c.; having abundant supplies, also,
of good water for the use of shipping. Added to all
this, the execution of such works enable a squadron

The vital importance of providing harbours of
refuge in the Channel, and elsewhere on our coasts,
with a view to making better provision for the safety
of our commercial shipping during the prevalence of
tempestuous weather or adverse winds ;—of construct-
ing forts and defences in connexion with these and
other such stations for the assembling of our fleets and
ships of war—and the extension and completion of a
system of coast protection in the event of war ;—these
topics, it will be in the recollection of our readers,
have been repeatedly and urgently enforced in The
Sun in the course of the last twelve months. On
such occasions we have endeavoured to demonstrate
the degree of even enhanced exigency which the de-
mand for these indispensable national works assumes
in reference to the daily increasing efficacy, and con-
sequent employment, of steam force by all European
Powers, as a main element of maritime strength and
success. We have pressed these considerations so
long and so frequently on the attention of the public
and the Government, that we have perused with the
deepest interest the "Report" we reprint from the
Commissioners appointed by minute of the Lords of
the Treasury, dated in April last. The "Blue Book
has just been issued, and its Appendices, as well as
the body of the Report itself, are full of extremely
valuable matter. A Contemporary, who has justly
remarked on the " penny wise and pound foolish"
policy of being too niggardly of the public money,
where the objects to be secured by its expenditure
are of so vast and so beneficial a character, and of
such indisputable expediency, enforces the ne-
cessity of promptitude in carrying them out
into execution, and the wisdom of our
being prepared in times of peace for any unhappy
contingency of sudden war, in language which we
have employed so often, that we are tempted to use it
in this place, in order that we may not appear to re-
peat ourselves. He says—
" Independently, however, of these considerations, we
are bound by a consideration of the changes which
steam may operate in any new warfare, to " take time
by the forelock," and be prepared for the enemy long
before he may come. This, after all, may be the surest
and simplest coarse. It is not in any spirit of jealousy
or distrust that such recommendations are put forward.
The true friends of peace are those who are always pre •
pared for war." _ _

We are glad to find our own anxious represents

tions on these two points of a prompt commencement
of such works, and the unspeakable advantage of timely
preparation, thus supported. Nothing that we see in
the political horizon modifies th. gravity of these
views. Every cloud that steals over it imparts new
force to them. The foreign news of even the last
twenty-four hours is not without its significant bear-
ing on them. It may assist eur readers in forming
their judgment on the contents of this very remark-
able document, rapidly to indicate some of its mere
salient features. The Commissioners thus state the
main objects of the investigation delegated to their
care :

•
" Stationed at Portland to have under its protection,
jointly with Dartmouth, all the intervening coast, and
these places, with Plymouth, will complete the chain of
communication and co-operation between Dover and
Falmouth, a distance of 300 miles."
Of Harwich Harbour it is said that

" The Treasury minute, under which we act, gives for
our guidance three principal objects, viz.:—
" First—The formation of ports of refuge for the
safety and convenience of vessels navigating the British
Channel.
" Secondly—That these should be calculated to be-
come, in the event of hostilities, the stations for ships
of war.
" Thirdly—The consideration of expense as compared
with the public advantages likely to result from the con-
struction of such works."

" This harbour, formed by the junction of the rivers
Stour and Orwell, is one of the finest, and may be ren-
dered one of the most useful havens in the kingdom. It
ha a sufficient depth of water and good holding ground
over an extent capable of containing many hundred ships."
And again, that

" It is remarkably well-situated for the convenience of
anorth-sea squadron, and for the protection of the mouth
Of the Thames. _ _

" It is the only safe harbour along this coast, and is in
the direct line of traffic between the Thames and the
northern ports of the kingdom, as well as of the trade
from the north of Europe.
" There is a dockyard, with building slips belonging to
the Crown, and the property under the Ordnance depart..
ment is extensive."

After recommending the construction of a harbour,
breakwater, &c., at Dover, at Seaford Reach, and at
Portland Bay, and going into some details as to
the proposed modes of construction, the Report gives
this "approximated estimates" of the probable cost of
such works : Dover, 2,500,000/. ; Seaford, 1,250,0001.;
POrtland Bay, 500,000/. ; Harwich Harbour Improve-
ments, 50,0001. ;—total, 4,300,000/. This is, un-
doubtedly, a very large sum of money, but not
when weighed against the interests, the property, the
honour, the safety, the independence which its
outlay is so well calculated effectively and
permanently to secure ;—which its non-expendi-
ture from day to day so deeply perils. If
there be a difficulty under the, present shattered and
manacled condition of our currency about advancing
or disbursing se large an additional expenditure, we
would remark,first,that that expenditure must neces-
sarily be diffused over some three or four years;
secondly, that the same hand which has worked the
existing disorganisation of our monetary system, may
easily obviate any apprehended pressure upon its dimi-
nished resources of the nature we speak of, by issuing
a co-equal amount of paper money,—call them
Treasury-notes or small Exchequer-bills,—under the
authority and responsibility of the Government, that
Government engaging to receive them at its Exche -
quer in payment of taxes, Customs' duties, &c., &c.,
and reporting every month the number so paid in,
that the amount cancelled and the amount outstanding
may be at all times within the cognisance of the
public. Here would be "paper money" circulating,
in the meanwhile, from hand to hand, which even the
financial prudency of Sir R. PEEL could scarcely be
scandalised at. We once more renew the expression
of our deep solicitude that the recommendations of
this important Report may receive the very earliest
considerations of Parliament.

They recapitulate the various aids and colleaguse
in the different branches of their service which have
been placed at their disposal by the Lords of the Ad-
miralty, the Trinity Brethren, the officers of the
Cinque Ports, the Ordnance, the Board of Customs
and their collectors, the officers of the Coast Guard,
and other public and official functionaries, and the
names of the parties by whom the numerous and ela-
borate surveys which that service called for, have been
(very ably and satisfactorily) made. They then
notice with high commendation the Report of the
Select Committee of the House of Commons of last
year on Shipwrecks ; and we are well pleased to see our
estimate of the mass of important infermation, sug-
gestions, and evidence comprised in that volume, so
emphatically corroborated by the testimony of the
present Commission. In alluding to the " Harbour
Commission" of 1840, which was appointed " to visit"
the coast between the mouth of the Thames and
"Selsea. Bill," for purposes strictly analagous to those
of their own appointment, they remark upon the fact
that their predecessors of 1840 were thus precluded,
by the terms of their instruction, from examining the
harbour of Harwich on the eastern coast; and
they express their belief that had they been required
so to do, they would have reported as distinctly and
as favourably on Harwich as the present Commission
is enabled to do. The Commissioners confine
their attention and examinations to Foreness; Rams-
gate ; the Brake, or Small Downs; Dover; Dungene!s I
Seaford ; Newhaven ; and Harwich Harbour. '1 he
other heads of their Report are devoted to " Proposed
Breakwaters," " Mode of Construction," and " Mili-
tary Defences." The Commissioners are—Admiral Sir
B. MARTIN, chairman ; Lieut.-Gen. Sir H. DOUGLAS,
Rear-Admiral D. DUNDA S, Capt. Sir W. SYMONDS,
R.N., Capt. J. WASHINGTON, R.N., Lieut.-Col. COL-
QUHOUN, R.A., Lieut.-Col. ALDERSON, R.E., Sir
J. H. PELLY, Capt. Fisurn, R.N., JAMES WALKER,
Pres. Inst. Civ. Eng.
As to Foreness, " which stands well in the fair-
way of the traffic between the Thames and the
Downs," and had been favourably reported on by
the Commission of 1840, they " think it unnecessary
to construct a harbour there," Harwich being of far
superior pretensions and capacity as to all purposes
which it was ever contemplated to accomplish at
Foreness. Of Ramsgate they state that the harbour,
on the average of the last three years, has accom-
modated 1,600 sail annually, their average tonnage
upwards of 450 tons each ; that, by fully executing
works already designed there, this harbour would
accommodate at least 500 more ships; that it might
be greatly improved by deepening the entrance by

The Repeal question still contrives, " like a wounded
snake, to drag its slow length along," though much
of the prestige and quick vital power that once cha-
racterised it, have degarted from it—we trust for ever.
In vain Mr. GRATTAN makes furious speeches cf an
hour's length at the Conciliation Hall ; in vain Mr.
O'CoNNELL throws off " soft aawder"—as Sam Slick
would call it— with that inimitable adroitness so
peculiar to him ; neither the furious philippics of the
orie, nor the oily flatteries of the other, seem longer to
exercise that magic influence over the national mind,
that they possessed but one short year since. Cir-
cumstances that have hitherto served to favour
the views of the Repealers in no inconsiderable
degree, seem now at length to have declared against
them. The late Papal rescript—the Catholic Bequests
Act—even the vacillating, unintelligible conduct of
Mr. O'CoNNELL himself on the question of Federal-
ism—which he honestly confessed he embraced with
ardour, because be understood nothing at all about
the matter, upon the principle of " omne ignoturn pro
magnifico r—these and other minor adventitious cir-
cumstances have all had an adverse influence on
Repeal, which at present, notwithstanding its would-be
exulting swagger, wears no nobler aspect than that
of a baffled and beaten bully. No agitator—not even
the fertile and ingenious Tom STEELE himself—
appears any longer to have any schemes to propound
at the Association. Mr. O'CormaLL's crotchet of the
Aristocratic Irish Parliament of three hundred—the
exact number, by the bye, of LEONIDAS'S band of
patriots—who were to assemble together in Dublin,
with, each, a hundred pounds in his breeches pockets,
for the express purpcse of checking the revolutionary
tendency of the more plebeian Association—of this
once favourite crotchet we hear no more ; it has
passed away, like other fantastic conceits, into the
Limbo of Vanity, and is scarcely likely to be revived.
Then the Rent ! This is one of the unerring touch-
stones of Repeal—a sort of barometer by which its
upward or downward progress may be estimated with
pretty fair accuracy, and this, alas, is growing "small
by degrees, and beautifully less:;" though now and
then there is an evident rally iu the week's accounts,
like the last quivering flash of the lamp when
it is just on the eve of expiring. Mr. O'Comfam.
appears to be perfectly aware of the present humi-
liating condition of Repeal; and to be still more
keenly and anxiously alive to the fact that its conti-
nued existence as a popular and thriving source of
agitation depends rather on Sir Ro BRUT PEEL than
himself. If the Premier redeem the: pledges which he
volunteered last session—and of wh:lch be cannot too
often be reminded—adieu, at once, to all Mr. O'Cos-
sr ELL'S hopes of obtaining a Parliamentb College-green
until the advent of the Greek lialends. The Liberator
clearly sees that the game is now in :a great degree
out of his hands, hence his warningto his countrymen
at the last Repeal Association meeting, that nothing
was to be expected from the British DuTliament for
Ireland, who " would only fling thf 3na the offal while
they secured the carcase for •themselves." Mr.
O'CoriNELL must entertain a yet; y poor idea of his
owh cause, when, as the best means of defending it,
he prejudges the policy of the Englis di Government in
this ungenerous spirit.

" The new movement against the Government
system of education," says the Times of this morn-
ing, " originating out of the recent declaration of the
Primate and the other Prelates, is rapidly extending
itself throughout the different dioceses of Ireland.
Cork and Limerick have already pronounced, and
this day brings the manifesto of the clergy of Ardagh%
so that, whatever views Sir ROBERT PEEL may en-
tertain with regard to his promise at the close of last
cession upon the subject of education, it is not likely
that they will be carried into effect without an
opposition which, perhaps, was not calculated upon
at the period of their enunciation." This opposition

Madrid journals of the 22d have been received.
The Gazette contains a dispastch fr% n the Captain•

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30 1l;45.

General of Burgos, announcing the capture and exe-
cution of ZUABANO. VILLALONGA, with a savage bar-
barity, rejoices that, having had the good fortune to
dispatch some fifteen " astute Carlists" in a similar
wzy, it should have fallen to his lot to be the means
of inflicting the last punishment on ZURBANO, and
recommend, for promotion those who traced to his
den the wretched old man, half dead with disease and
mental sorrow. ORME, it was said, would be tried
in a few days, for not showing like barbarity and dis-
patch towards his two sons.
The Three per Cents. closed at 311 for cash, and
32/ at 60 days; the Five per Cents. at 24 at GO
days; and the Debt' without Interest at 7 1-16 at
60 days.

All the Paris journals put forth articles on the
Ministerial crisis, the importance of which not one
denias—not even the onlw two that support the

GUIZOT Cabinet. The Journal des Debats admits

that the Ministry have received a check which is by
no means decisive, or shakes their moral force. It

cannot be denied that the tone of this jour-

nal is anything but satisfactory. It tries, how-
ever, to put the best face on the untoward result.
" The Cabinet," it says, " has had only eight votes
majority—what ought it to do ? Ought it to retire ?
It must be allowed that nothing obliges it to such a
step.

To retire is a constitutional necessity only

when one has lost the majority. Eight votes are a
very small majority, it is true; but they are a
majority ! With a majority of eight votes, the Whig
Cabinet lasted three years in England. Let us add
that the intrigue employed all its means in this last
affair—intimidation, threats, seduction—and that
the Ministry, on its side, obtained from the Chamber
the most explicit and most complete approbation that

justly said to MinistPra, Et nunc i telligite? or, according
to an ohl translation, Is it ekat ?' The Ministry ought
to comprehend that it is nit in vain that an appeal is
made in France to the sentiment of national ',dignity ;

perhaps a majority ever consented to give in France !
We know, in fine, the force of all the political consi-
derations which have been advanced to engage the

the eonscit-nce uf the Parlianent satisfies etch a cry,
or the echo of this cry, which int.:tad)), resounds in
the conscience of the country. After fouryeurs

a system of humiliation , concessions, pusillanimous
arraw-ements, and disavowals, the Cabinet of
October 29 has not any longer permission to sport
with the honour of France as with a toy that is out of
fashion, which has no weight in the balance of its great
policy ! The Chamber has spoken. What do you wait
for ? Retire, or if you dare it, pronounce a dissolution ;
appeal from the judgment of the Chamber to that of the
country ; place your policy before the electors, and try I
You will not venture it. You will drag on under the
weight of your unpopularity, without either knowing
how to redeem your faults or quit power. Your barque
is reduced to place its flag half-mast high, but you will
not abandon it, bearing, as it does, your fortunes and
your portfolios ; you will wait until the opinion of the
Chamber and of the country withdraws from you the
last wave ; and rather than renounce the last hope of
saving your wretched cargo, it suits you better to go
ashore in the mud and be shipwrecked in the filth."
The Siecle thus exults in the victory :
" The result, under which the Ministry, remained as if
thunderstruck, is known—an absolute majority of three
votes, to which the support of the six Ministerial Depu-
ties contributed. And to the imposing minority which
had just protested against the humiliation inflicted on
France must be added, according to the avowal of M.
Guizot and M. Dumon, the Conservatives who bad ab-
stained from voting, and eight or ten of whom, present at
the sitting, remaining motionless on their benches, had
protested in their manner by silence I The minority
thus exceeded by several votes the number of
the Ministerial voters ; it was a victory for the
Opposition—a solemn protest in the name of
France. Moved by the same impression, all
comprehended it at the same time, and applause burst
forth, the acclamations of the tribunes responded,
and this enthusiasm was immediately communicated to
the crowd which from the morning had besieged the
doors of the Chamber i We shall not abuse the advan-
tage given us by yesterday's result to attack the decisiun
of the bureau on Saturday. We believe that every one
is now convinced of the necessity of introducing into the
regulations a means of conciliating the certain verifica-
tion with a publicity of voting. This question will re-
turn before the Chamber ; and the Opposition will at a
later period bring these party quarrels to a conclusion.
At this moment, it is sufficient for it to have mortally
struck a disastrous administration. To those English
journals which exposed to the gaze of John Bull, three
days back, in immeasurable letters, the triumph of M.
Guizot, we send back as our answer the official bulletin
of his defeat. Let us hope that this example will not be
lost on his succt.ssora, and that it will remind foreign
Governments of the respect, too much forgotten, of the
rights and dignity of France."
Queen CHRISTINA'S journal, the Presse, considers

Ministry to keep its post. Its resolution is taken.
State reasons have appeared to it to demand that it
should attempt new struggles; we shall not abandon
it; we shall support it to the end in its noble and
glorious career. The majority is small, but it exists ;
it is resolute and firm; nothing ought to be despaired
of." The other Ministerial journal encourages the
Cabinet to remain firm, and tells the

Opposition that though they can raise
an outcry against the present policy, and
by intrigue among the Government of the KING,
they have no chance for place, because they are com-

posed of such heterogeneous materials that they
cannot work together." " The Ministry will re-

main," are the words of the Globe. "We do
not say this to the Conservatives, with whom it
is not and cannot be a question for a moment ; but we
tell it to to the ambitious Members of the Opposition,

in order that they may provide themselves with a
stock of patience, because the places they besiege will
not be surrendered to them. The Cabinet will remain,

the fall of the Ministry sealed, and but kindly pro-
mises to show zeal and devotion in their cause if they
would only have the goodness to walk out of office :
" The political importance of the votes yesterday can-
not be concealed. We shall, however, leave to other
journals the task of developing it ; for if we have not
ceased for a single day during a period of three years to
warn the Cabinet—to endeavour to restrain it—to check
it on the edge of the precipice, down which imprudent
flatterers were precipitating it, we have never had a
thought or a desire of overturning it. We have on all
occasions attacked only its faults, and if it should think
itself bound to retire, the eminent men who compose it,
whose character we honour, and whose immense talent
we admire, will carry with them our regrets. The
sincerity of our devotedness may have appeared doubt-
ful to them whilst in power ; but once their resigna-
tions given in, this doubt can no longer exist in their
minds."

because it has the majority ; it is its duty to do so, be•
cause it represents a party and not a heterogeneous
mass. Pardieu! it would in truth be too accommo-

dating to surrender the power when it is well es

tablished—when it has overcome all difficulties—
when it has created prosperity at home and
peace abroad! Opposition would become at once
a most delightful trade. At once it would drive
out a Ministry by its injurious attacks, and gain, at
its expense, popularity among the lovers of disorder.
And,after having thus done it wrong, its place would be
taken ; its successors would glorify themselves with
its works, and thus, at its expense, gain popularity
among men of good sense. Being only stupid and
pilfering drones, they would make themselves pass
for industrious and skilful bees. We are very sorry,
gentlemen, but this will not be. When you want a
majority, you will make it for yourselves; when you
wish to have the confidence of the Chamber, you
must endeavour to deserve it ; when you wish to
hold places, you must take them as you can get
them ; but nothing will be given up to you. You
must not expect to receive alms at the expense of the
Charter and the rules of the Constitution." Against

these two journals are arrayed all the other journals
of the metropolis ; but the GUTZOT Ministry is not

The France says, "The Cabinet may be regarded
as overthrown, as an existence at its last gasp. It
must not be forgotten, however, that there are people
who are not to be turned out of doors by the most
decided means of moral expulsion."
According to the Revue de Paris, the dissenting
Conservatives did all the mischief :—" Those Conser-
vatives who had seceded from the Ministry, remained
firm in their resolution .to the last, with the exception
of five or six. Fifteen constantly voted with the left
centre. The Ministerial majority, on Saturday,
against the amendment of M. DE CARNE, would not
have been so considerable, if a fraction of the extreme
left had not persevered in voting against it." To con-
clude the summary, we give the opinion of the Quoti-
dienne, the bitter enemy of the present dynasty :
"As to us. it is of little consequence whether M.
GuizA remains or retires. The country is warned ; it
will not shut its eyes—at least if we can help it. Two
hundred and five Deputies have firmly refused to sub-
scribe to the fresh shame which the system wanted to
impose on France. From whatever part they come we
thank them all, and we salute with gratitude this evi-
dence of a regeneration which cannot be far remote.
French in heart as well as by birth, what we want
above all is that our country shall never lower its flag ;
shall never be wanting to her glorious destiny ; shall be
always that which our fathers have made her at the cost
(if so much blood and so many sacrifices, by so many
heroic efforts, by so profound a sentiment of the mission
which she holds from God himself;—grand, free, strong,
and proud I"
The following are miscellaneous extracts from the
papers :
" It was M. DupiP," says the Globe, "who, standing at
the foot of the tribune, prevented the Oppo.ition Mem-
bers from voting, in order that there might be no Ad-
dress to the King. This was surely a very fine part to
be played by a man who calls himself a supporter of the
Constitution, and who, scarcely a month ago, solicited
the Conservatives fur their votes to make him President
of the Chamber."
We read in the D,hats—." The
_news which we gave
on Saturday of Zurbano's execution was officially con-
firmed yesterday. He was shot in the town of Logrono
on the 21st. He died with courage, like a soldier, and
even with repentance, it is said, cursing his wife for
having urged him to revolt, and for having caused his
death, as well as that of his two sons."
A letter from Lucerne of Jan. 24, in the Zurich Ga-
rat!, says :—" Dr. Steiger, who was arrested forty-
eight days back, was at last set at liberty yesterday.
Although the hour was late when the news was made
public, a crowd of persons hastened to manifest their
sympathy with this courageous man. The Executive
Council has replied by a decided refusal, to the applica-
tion of Berne to suspend the calling in of the Jesuits
until a decision was come to on the wish expressed by
Zurich, referring to the law on the veto and to the can-
tonnal sovereignty. The same authority has complained
to Argau of the ill-usage which several persons from
Lucerne have undergone in the canton, and has de-
manded, besides, that the refugees of Lucerne should be
removed from the frontier."
A letter from Constantinople, of the Bth, announces
the death of Athanase, the Patriarch of Jerusalem, at a
very advanced age. The same letter mentions a report
that new troubles have broken out in Bulgaria, on the
frontiers of Servia and Wallachia, at the very moment
when the political agent of the Sovereignty of Servia
was negotiating an amnesty with the Ottoman Porte for
the individuals compromised in the former insurrectional
movement in Bulgaria.
A letter from Alexandria' Dec. 27, says :—" The
Viceroy has formally resolved to have the narrowing of
the Nile executed. The engineer, Mongel, is charged
with the task. He is to go to France on Feb. 20, to order
machines. The Viceroy has invested Baron de Tossitsa
to accompany him in the journey he is about to take in
his dominions. The Baron sets out tomorrow for Cairo."
THE BOURSE--TuEsnAv, JAN. 28.

singular in that respect. It has more suppor
from the press than even the FEU. Cabinet
with a hundred backers in the Commons
The Paris Opposition press, as compared with
the Ministerial, is about as ten to two, while Sir
IiOBEIT PEEL here has only one daily paper to sup-
port him. We subjoin, for the amusement of our
readers, brief extracts from the motley press opposed
to the Gutzor Cabinet, and begin with the journel
patronised by the candidate for Guam's place. " The
Ministry," says the Constitutionnel, " cannot, without
dishonour, remain in office, after the declarations
made from the tribune by MM. GUIZOT, DUCUATEL,
and Dumost, that they would resign if the Chamber
did not afford them a clear, firm, and complete co-
operation." "Let us now," says the Constitutionnel,
"scrutinise the majority obtained to-day by the Cabinet.
It consists of four votes, and there are six Ministers.
In England, as well as in France, a majority so feeble is,
for every Cabinet which respects itself, a signal of retreat.
Some years ago Count MOLE gave in his resignati,m,
and only withdrew it afterwards to dissolve the
Chamber, because he had obtained but 221 votes
against 213—difference, 8 votes ; majority, 4 ; pre-
cisely the same, number. On the day following the
vote MM. GUIZOT and D UCHATEL declared that
Count MOLE should either retire or dissolve the
Chambers, or otherwise be wanting in all the condi-
tions of Parliamentary government and political ho-
nour. Nevertheless, the majority of M. MoLE was
more clear than that of the present Ministry to• day,
for nobody then abstained from voting. To-day nine
Deputies present took no part in the proceeding. In
these cases, to abstain was to blame. To the 205 op-
ponents must consequently be added nine votes to
enable us to learn what the Chamber thinks of the
Ministry. The indemnity was condemned by 214
votes against 213. The Ministry was consequently
left in a minority. This vote is not accidental. On
Saturday the opposing majority was certain. The
day before another amendment had been rejected after
a doubtful trial The majority, so far from being
clear, firm, complete, and non-equivocal, as required,
does not exist. The Ministry should either retire or
dissolve the Chamber. This is the regular course ;
the contrary would be a dishonouring and useless con-
tradiction given to themselves. Nevertheless, we
have been assured that they will adopt this last dis-
graceful alternative. If we be correctly informed,
M. GUIZOT said, on leaving the Chamber, should
bave remained with one vote; I have three; that is
three times More than I require !'"
The National, though delighted at the result, has
no great hopes from the amalgamation of parties.
" V hen the numbers of the ballot were announced,"
says that paper, " the Opposition, en masse, set up
such a shout of bravos that we thought the walls of
the building would give way. What is the meaning
of all these transports ? What have you gained?
Who will replace the Cabinet expiring under your
blows ?" It thus describes the scene :
" The atmosphere on Monday last appeared to an-
nounce an unlucky day. A cold wind drove with it
torrents of rain, and a thick fog covered the city. At
the Chamber of Deputies all was movement and agita-
tion. Scarcely had the President taken his seat than
an immense crowd rushed into the hall. After some
words from M. Gamier Pages and M. Billault, M.
Dumon, the Minister fur Public Works ascended the
tribune, and demanded that the Chamber should
declare its opinion, not indirectly or equivocally,
but publiely, and in an explicit manner.' To
which appeal his friends responded with loud applause.
The Chamber was about to rote, when the President an-
nounced that twenty Ministerialists had demanded the
secret ballot. At this announcement contemptuous
laughter was heard from the Opposition benches. The
names of the Members were called, the anxiety became
extreme, the Deputies rose, andlthe balls fell into the
ballot-box. The white advanced with the courage
derived from their masks ; the black dashed for-
ward boldly, showing the colour of their balls. At
length the ballots were counted, and the President
declared the result. On this we thought the
walls of the Chamber would have burst, the Opposition,
in a body, raised such a shout. M. Vivien having
been called on to develop en amendment of which he
had given notice, replied, 6ln the existing state of affairs
I withdraw my amendment. The greater part of the
Opposition Members abstained from voting. If about
eight Deputies had not lent their aid to the feeble majo-
rity, the final ballot on the Address would have been
null for want of a sufficient number of voters. Such is
the history of the sitting. The majority seen by the
board on Saturday clearly consisted but of three, or
d
rather, there was no majority for Ministers, because the
members of the board should be deducted from it • and
the n
s decidedid
-lilei demanded by M.uizot
oght, of which six were
este
on energetic
Monday
of
Ministers."
The Courrier Francais, another Radical paper, says
it is all up with GUIZOT, but fears he will cling to
the sinking vessel to the last :
" After the vote of the Chamber, might it not be

_ _ _ _ •
First Highest Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents•• .. 121 80 .. 122 .• 121 80 .. 122
Three pet Cents..... 85 10 .. 85 10 .. 85 5 .. 85 10
New Loau .......• 86 45 •. 86 50 .. 86 45 .. 86 40
Bank of Franco .. 3260 —3260 ..3260 ..3260
Gouiu Bank, I,ooof. Shares-1085 ..1085 ..1085 ..1085
Belgian •••••• • • • • • • 630•• 630 .. 630 .. 630 .. 630
Belgian rives, 1840 ..... 104% 104% .. 104% .. 104%
1842 ........ 10634 .. 10634 .. 10638 .. 106%
Two-and-a-Half.. 62 10 .. 62 10 .. 62 10 .. 62 10
Spanish Threes.• •• •• 4034 •• 4034 .. 40►% .. 4034
Active •.
Pa55ive............ 88
6X .. 6% .. 6X .. 6%
Portuguese Five per Cents.. 59 .. 59 .. 59 .. 59
Roman ............... 104 105 105 155
RAILWAY SHARES.
Versailles, R. 8.... 5OO .. 500 .. 500 .. 500
L.B. • . 383 75 .. 383 75 .. 382 50 .. 383 75
Rouen . . —lO7O ••1070 ..1067 58 ..1070
Rouen to Havre.. ..... 865 .• 865 .• 862 50 .. 862 50
Orleans ..••••••.•.•••.••••1131 25 ..1135 ..1131 25 ..1135
Strasburg to Bale 305 .. 366 25 .. 303 75 .. 306 25
Avignon to Marseilles•• •• .. 920 .. 922 50 .. 920 .. 922 50
RAILWAYS FOR THE ACCOUNT, FEB. 7.
Versailles, R. 8..• •••• ...... 555 .. 4'..7 50 .. 495 .. 497 50
L. 8.......•••••• 382 50 .. 382 50 .. 380 .. 382 50
Rouen.. •••• .• .• •••......1072 50 . 1072 50 ..1066 25 ..1070
Rouen to Hevre •• 866 25 .. 867 50 855 .. 867 50
Orleans ••
Strasburg to 305 .. 306 25 .. 303 75 . 315
Avignon WJAAuselles...... 925 .. 925 .. 921 25 . 925

A NEW POWER.—An ingenious manufacturer ad-
vertises, in the daily papers, for " a second-hand half-
horse power condensing engine !" We believe it has been
generally understood that there could be no power at all
in halls horse, because the very process of splitting him
in half would instantly deprive him of all power, except
the power of becoming very offensive to the olfactory
nerves of her Majesty's liege subjects, in a very short
time afterwards. We should be much obliged to any
gentleman of the Veterinary College for his opinion
thereon.—Grea SGun.
THREATENED GENERAL STOPPAGE or THE MILLS
AT HET WOOD.—The power-loom weavers, to the num-
ber of about 200, in the employ of Messrs. John Hilton
Kay and Sons, at Heywood, who struck for an advance
of wages six weeks ago, are still out. They hold meet-
ings almost every day at some of the public-houses. The
masters have held several meetings at the Queen Anne
Inn on the subject, and have received delegates from the
turn-outs in order to arrange the matter, but without
effect. The result has been that, on Friday and Satur-
day last, many gave notice, to their hands that in four-
teen days from that time they would close their mills.
Yesterday it was rumoured that all the masters are in-
tending to stop their factories ii the turn-out at Messrs.
Kay's is not seedily arranged.—Manchester Guardian.
SIR W. FOLLETT.—We have more than ordinary
pleasure in being able to state, on the best authority,
that very favourable accounts have been received of Sir
William Follett's health, and that there is every hope of
his immediate return to this country, and of his being
sufficiently re-established to undertake the discharge of
his duties in Parliament at the commencement of the
session.— WestCln Luminary.

THIS

N E kV

CHANCERY.-($ HIS DAY.)

TOLI.,JCH V. HAStILEY.
The hearing of this part-htard appeal was continued
during this morning.

VICE-CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.)
(Before the VICE-CHANCELLOR Of ENGLAND.)
His HONOUR disposed of a great number:of unopposed
cause petitions and short causes, possessing no public
interest.

BAIL COURT.—(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco before Mr. Justice WILLIAMS.)
IN RE THE MIDLAND COUNTIES RAILWAY.
Mr. DEVONPORT HILL moved the Court for a writ of
certiorari, to bring up the inquisition on the body of
Vernells, and also for a rule to show cause why
the inquisition should not be quashed. He objected to
the inquest on two grounds, on those that appeared on
the fuce of it and on those that did not. It appeared that
William Vernells was killed upon the line somewhere
between Nottingham and Derby, and that an inquest
was afterwards held upon the body. Sometime before
another person, Mr. Dean, had also lost his life on the
same railway, and in reference to the proceedings upon
that occasion an article had appeared in a newspaper,
which newspaper was carried to the second inquest and
handed to the jury, notwithstanding the objection to such
a course urged by the gentleman who attended there
for the Railway Company. The neighbourhood
was in a greatly excited state, the jurymen
were also excited, yet when that gentleman urged upon
the Coroner the impropriety of placing such an article
before the jury at such a time, he declined to interfere,
alleging, forsooth; that " the jurymen were in an awful
tamper." Mr. hill then read the article in question from
the Morning Post newspaper. It imputed blame to the
Company on account of defective arrangements, and said
that the driver in cases of that painful kind, blamed the
guard and the station-master, anybody or nobody ; and
in conclusion it found fault with the jury for not amer-
cing the Company in a heavy deodand. Another point,
not on the face of the inquisition was, that by a late
statute regulating the Coroner's Court, it was laid down
that the jury should come from the county in which the
inquest was held. That accident oecurred in the county
of Nottingham, and yet he ( Mr. H.) held affidavits proving
that, at least, one of the jurymen resides' in the town of
Nottingham, which was a town and county in itself, and,
therefore, as far as the legality of the case went, he
might just as well have come from Wales or Cornwall.
The Learned Counsel took several technical objections
to the inquisition itself, and was proceeding with his
argument, when
Mr. Justice WILLIAMS intimated that he might take
the rule.

IN RE GILBERT.
Mr. JERVIS said that in this case his Lordship might
recollect that the Learned Solicitor-General had applied
for and obtained a rule for a habeas corpus to bring up
the bodies of two children of the names of Francis and
Joseph Gilbert, on the application of the mother.
The children were at the time in the
custody of a gentleman, named Schwank,
who had brought up the deceased father and his brother,
one of the co-trustees in this case ; he having reason to
believe that the moral- and religious education of the
children were neglected while under the mother's care,
and with the full approbation of Mr. Schwank and his
wife, sent them to a most respectable school. It had
been arranged, with his Lordship's approbation, that the
children should, by a fiction, be considered before the
Court, and that they should remain at school accord-
ingly. William Gilbert, while in possession of the chil-
dren, made a return to the Court, in obedience to his
Lordship's direction, without producing the bodies
of the children, the return, in effect, stating
that he was appointed testamentary guardian along
with the widow, and that believing their education
not attended to, he had, with Mr. Schwank's approba-
tion, sent them to school. His Learned Friend Mr.
Iloggins and himself were then prepared to show just
cause why the children should still be kept at school ;
but it now appeared that the mother of the children had
learned where they were, and had gone there and obtained
forcible possession of them. This was no doubtA con-
tempt of Court, and a warrant of attachment might in
cons( quence be issued, but he (Mr. Jervis) would at pre-
sent content himself with filing certain affidavits.

EXCHEQUER.--(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
LACEY V. BUNN.

Mr. OGLE moved for a rule, calling on the plaintiff
in this case to show cause why defendant should not be
allowed to add special pleas to the record, in addi-
tion to the general issue. The declaration was on a
contract between the parties, that plaintiff would at
Christmas next following enter the service of defendant.
as manager of Drury-lane Theatre, and would act and
perform in light comedy during the remainder of the
season, the defendant agreeing to retain to him for that
time at a salary of nine guineas a week. In other parts
of the contract plaintiff gave defendant the power
of declaring it to be void, if he performed at any
other house in the stipulated time, or refused, after
a week's notice, to act in a piece which was not light
comedy. Plaintiff having made default in some of these
particulars, an application of the same nature with the
present was made to Baron Rolfe at chambers, who did
not :decide on it, but allowed three days, in which to
obtain the opinion of the Court.
`l he LORD CHIEF BARON—When was this condition
made ? _ _

Mr. OGLE—It was a part of the contract, my Lord.
Baron PARKE—I should like to see it.

Mr. OGLE—Unfortunately, my Lord, I have it not
with me. It does not appt ar in the plea, and we do not
want to compare it with the original document. But de-
fendant is advised that -it would not be safe to go to
trial -%•ith the record as it now is.
Baron PARKE—There is a case in point, respecting
contract and plea.
Mr. OGLE—It is the case of Nash v. Burge, in the
11th Meeson and Welsby.
The LORD CHIEF BARON—There the plea qualifies
the contract recited in the declaration.
Baron PARKE—The case I speak of i 3 of much earlier
date.
Mr. Com—Your Lorisl.ip, probably, alludes to the
case of Smart v. Hyde, i I the 7th volume of the same
report:.
Baron PARKE—Just so. It appears to me a sufficient
warrant for your application.
Baron ALDERSON—What pleas do you want to add ?
Mr. OGLE—It was part of the contract, that the de
fendant could oblige plaintiff to play in a piece which was
not light comedy, after a certain notice. Notice 'a 0,4
accordingly given him to appear in the character of
Ferdinand, in the Tempest, which he refused to do.

Baron ALDERSON—The principal issue then appears
.o be, whether the Tempest be or be not a light comedy.
Mr. OGLE—No doubt, my Lord, that question is suf-
..

ficiently prolific to give rise to an argument, if necessary,
as abstruse as any in law. The question is, whether it
was any part of plaintiff's duty to appear in the cha-
racter of Ferdinand after the regular Notice, and whether
the contract had not been rendered void by his n( t hav-
ing done so. There are, however, other points with
hich I will not now trouble the Court. _ _

Baron PARSE--DO you then mean to say, Mr. Ogle,
that in the same document there are two conditions—
first, that plaintiff shall play in light comedy when
called upon to do so, and in other spßies of dramatic
representation after a certain notice ?
Mr. OGLE—Yes, my Lord; he en4aged to play in light
comedy on demand, and in other pieces at seven days
after date.—(Laughter.)
Baron PARKE—I should like 'to know if these two
conditions are really in the contract ?
Mr. OGLE replied that as his time of pleading expired
to-day, there would not be sufficient time.
It was ultimately arranged that the rule should be
drawn up, not absolute, and that plaintiff should to•mor-
row show cause at chambers, the time of pleading being
in the meantime extended for three days.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS
(THIS DAY.)
(Before the ASSISTANT-JUDGE
John Edwards, a boy, whose bead scarcely reached
up to the top of the bar, was indicted for stealing ss.
and a handkerchief, the property of Mary Ann Brown.
It appeared by the evidence of the prosecutrix, that
the prisoner, accompanied by a man who appeared to be
his director, followed her along Barbican and into
Worship-street, when, feeling a tug at her pocket, she
turned round, and saw the prisoner with the handker-
chief in his hand, which he immediately dropped upon
the ground. His companion made his escape, but some
of the bystanders detained the prisoner, and handed him
over to a policeman.
In his defence the prisoner said that the lady had
dropped the articles which he was charged with stealing.
The jury returned a verdict of Guilty.
The officer of the Court handed up to the Assistant-
Judge no less than four previous convictions against the
prisoner, whom the goalers described as an incorrigible
young thief.
The Learned ASSISTANT-JUDGE sentenced him to
seven years' transportation, intimating at the same time
that on account of his extreme youth he would be sent
to Parkhurst Penitentiary.
Mary Walsh, a girl about thirteen 'years of age, was
indicted for stealing a coat, of the value of Bs., the pro-
perty of John Summers, her master.
It appeared by the evidence that the prosecutor had
taken the prisoner into his employment at a time when
she was in the greatest destitution, having been deserted
by both her parents. In less than a week after being
taken into his employment, she committed the robbery
for which she was indicted.
The jury at once returned a verdict of Guilty, and the
Court sentenced her to three months' imprisonment, the
last fortnight to be solitary.

BOW-STREET.—(THIS DAY.)
AFFAIR OF " Hot,oun."—A young man of gentle-
manly appearance, who gave his name as John Haig,
and stated that lie was a farmer from the county of
Meath, in Ireland, was placed at the bar before Mr.
Twyford, charged with assaulting Mr. Ivimy, the soli-
citor of Chancery-lane.
The complainant stated that the defendant this morn-
ing came into his office, and, on being introduced to him,
said that he called on the part of Major Cartwright,
to require that complainant should retract certain
expressions which he had used in reference to the
major's conduct. Complainant asked thedefendant if he
knew the circumstances of the case between him and
Major Cartwright? To which Mr. Haig replied, that
the circumstance were of no consequence whatever, as
he only wanted an apology. Mr. Ivimy answered that
he would retract nothing until he was convicted that
what he had said was untrue ; upon which
the defendant told him to name a third
person. This, be refused, and defendant called