The Sun.
London, England, 1844-07-09 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thcrehY insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION,- at ONE CHARGE.

QTANISII DEFERRED DEpT.—The
1.7 SPANISH COMMISSIONERS beg to announce to the
HOLDERS of the above STOCK that the following arc the NUM-
BERSOf thd 13QNDS which were DRAWN at MADRID on the Ist
of May last.
Orders have been given to prepare the new Active Stock, and the
exchange pf the Bonds will be made by Messrs. Ardoin and Co. at
Paris, and Messrs. J. arid S. Ricardo and Co. In London.
SEVENTH DRAWING OF THE DEFEERD DEBT AT MADRID, MAY 1, 1844.
Bonds Azionnt of each Total
..
Series. drawn. Numbers. in Dollars, Dollars.
A 751 2,254 t t 3,004 200 150,200
B 1,083 9,752 to 10,834 400 433,200
C 417 2,086 to 2,502 800 333,600
D 333 1,670 to 2,002 1,200 399,600
E 584 585 to 1,168 2,400 1,401,600
F 514 3,085 to 3,598 4,800 2,467,200

3,682 5,185,400
3fessrs. J. and S. RICARDO, and CO. beg to apprise the Holders of
the Numbers of the DEFERRED BONDS which have been drawn
as above mentioned, that they will be ready to exchange them on
and after the 19th instant. Lists in numerical order, together with
the Bonds, must be left for examination at least a week previously.
Pridted forms may be had at their Mice.
Angel Court, Throgmorton-street, July 8, 1844.

GUARANTEE SOCIETY.
Established by Act of Parliament.
SECURITY GIVEN for the FIDELITY of PERSONS in
SITUATIONS of TRUST.
Particulars may be obtained daily, at the Society's Office, No. 28,
Poultry, between the hours of Nine and Five o'clock.
AGENTS.
Mr. Nathaniel Lea
Messrs. G. Edwards and Son• • • • ....Bristol.
Mr. H. Callender ....... ...........Edinburgh.
Messrs. Alsop and Son . .11ull.
Messrs. J. H. and G. Ridsdale •• • ...Leeds. -
Messrs. Hughes and Ronald • • • • . • • •Liverpool.
Mr. Samuel Taylor • Manchester.
F. W. Bulman, Esq. • .
By order, THOMAS DODGSON, Secretary.

•
IMPERIAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
Sun-court, Cornhill, and No. 16, Pall-mall, London.
Notice is hereby given, that the ANNUAL DIVIDEND on the
Shares hi the Subscription Capital of this Company will be paid to
the Proprietors at the Office In Sun-court, Cornhill, on and after
WEDNESDAY, the 10th of July next, between the hours of Eleven and
Three o'Clock. By order of the Directors,
June 17, 1844. • • - SAMUEL INGALL, Actuary.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASS-TR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital L 500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The steady success and increasing prosperity of the Society has
enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a
second Bonus, averaging 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each
Policy effected on the ProAt scale. -

OYA.L ACADEMY OrLARTS, TRAPAL-
The EXHIBITION of the ROYAL ACADEMY is no OPEN.
AdmiSsion (from Eight 0:104 till Seven) One Shilling. Catalogue
One Shilling.
. • HENRY HOWARD, MA., Sec.

ORTiCULTURAL SOCIETY of LONDON.
EXIII4ITIONS at the GARDEN.--Tho Third Meeting
will take place on SATURDAY, the 13th of July, on which occasion
his Grace the Duke of Devonshire, the I%esident of the Society, has
kindly directed the doors of his gardens and pleasure-groturds to bo
opened for the reception of all persons who shall have been admitted
Into the Society's garden by tickets. Subjects for Exhibition must be
at this office on Friday the 12th ; or at the Garden before half-past
past eight o'clock, a.m., on the day ofExhibition. • -
N.lt. No Tickets will be issued in ltegent-street on the day of
Exhibition.
21, ltegent-street.
•
•

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION,
LONGBOTTOM'S PHYSIOSCOPE exhibits the human face
with its varied expressions, on a gigantic scale, curiously contrasted
with the living man. The OPAQUE MICROSCOPE magnifies ef-
fectively a succession of WORKS of the EINE ARTS; also casts of
INSCRIPTIONS, taken by Miss Wilson from the WALLS of the
TOWER of LONDON, cut by Lord Guilford Dudley and other State
Prisoners. Arrangements have been made for Dr. RYAN to deliver
VARIED LECTURES on the evenings of Monday, Wednesday, and
Friday; and Professor RACHHOFFNER on Tuesday and Thursday
evenings. These Lectures, as well as the Morning Lectures, will
abound ,in . interesting experifnents:"., ARMSTRONG'S HYDRO-
ELECTRIC MACHINE. DIVING BELL and DIVER. • NEW
DISSOLVING' VIEWS, &c. &c. The Mule is conducted by T.
Nails, Muss Dec.
_

.A.dlnisslon, Is.; Schools, Half-price.

TO BUTCHERS AND OTHERS.

•PO BE DISPOSED OF, the HALF of a
PARTNERSHIP CONCERN of long standing and respects-
bility,doing a flourishing business as WHOLESALE COMMISSION
.MEAT SALESMEN, in one of the principal Butcher Markets of
London, one of the two partners being desirous of retiring, for reasons
that he has no doubt will be deemed satisfactory.—For particulars
apply to AB, 24, Long-lane, Bermondsey.' -7 • '

CITY TAVERN, COMMERCIAL- HOUSE,
Centro of the ➢larket-place, DURHAM,
(Within a minute's walk of the Post-office, Banks, and principal

Places of Business),

J. H. VEITCII, the present Proprietor of the above old and well-
known Establishment, respectfully invites the support of Commercial
Gentlemen travelling in the North of England, in consulting whose
accommodation no exertion will be spared.

The City Tavern was, for many years, the chief place of resort o
the members of that body visiting Durham ' • and the house has been
recently fitted up in a way to render it worthy of a renewal of the
patronage it formerly enjoyed. The Commercial Boom is commo-
dious and delightful (commanding a beautittil view of the scenery on
the banks of the Wear) ; and the. Sleeping Apartments will be found
satisfactorily to combine the requisites of cleanliness and comfort.
Prime home-brewed Ales ; London Porter ; choice Spirits ; and
excellent Wines.
'N.* Convenient' Stabling and an extensive Coach-house.
N.B. An Omnibus to and from the Railway Station.

RIDING HABlTS.—Ladies are invited to in-
spect those made by Messrs. .NICOLL, Flabit-makers to the
Queen and most of the Ladies of .the Court.
Cards may be had at 114, Regent-street,' London.
Messrs. Nicoll offer moderate prices, as a further inducement to a
correct tilting habit, '

•
ALE BY SII A It E. a
1,..7 OF THE FOLLOWINCI VALUABLE PROPERTIES :-
1. A PRINCELY CHATEAU, with the Grounds and .Ap-
purtenances belonging thereto, situate on the banks of
the Lake of Geneva, Switzerland; valued at • • • • • • • • • • • • £32,000
2. A SPLENDID MANSION, and its Dependencies, situated
in the town of Vevay, Switzerland, valued at
3. A FINE BATH HOTEL, and its Dependencies, with a
very abundant Spring of Mineral Water, situated on the
banks of the Lake of Geneva... • • • • • • • • • • • .....

5,000

3,000

- Forming a Total of
The Sale will positively take place in the town of Sion, Canton of
Valais, Switzerland, ofi the 16th of SEPTEMBER, 1844. The value of
the Shama sold will be deposited in the hands of a Banker in London
until the transfer of the property to the new Proprietors.
For Particufars and Conditions of Sale, and for Inspection of Title
deed., Plans of the Grounds and Buildings, Valuations, Prospectuses,
Sce., apply, to Mr. Frederick • Quin, No. 25, Southampton-street,
Strand ; and to Mr. Joseph Thomas, No. 1, Finch-lane, Cornhill,
London.

TMPERIAL AUSTRIAN LOAN of 30,000,000
_A_ FLORINS, authorised by his Majesty the EMPEROR of
AUSTRIA.
On the 2d of SEPTEMBER, 1844, there will take place at
VIENNA, the DISTRIBUTION of 700 GAINS, amounting to
70,1701. sterling. There being only 700 Bonds in all, each Bond must
obtain one of the above 790 Gains, the highest of which are 23,0001.,
5,000/„ 1,000/., &c. &c., and the lowest 501. each.
A few Bonds can be had for 1251. each, or with the deduction of
the 50/., which they must at least obtain, for 75/. Halves and fifths
in proportion, being 'a considerable reduction from the former price.
LOAN of the GRAND, DUKE of BADEN of 5,000,000 FLORINS,
NEGOTIATED in the YEAR 1841.

The SEVENTH DISTRIBUTION will take place at Carlsruhe,
publicly and irrevocably on the Ist. of AUGUST, 1844, when. 400
Gains will 'be obtained. One Gain of 35,000 florins, 10,000, 5,001,
3,000, &c. The lowest Gains being 65' florins each; and 12 florins
are equal to 1/. sterling. • •
Price of a share, 10s. ; Eleven for 51. ; Twenty-three for 101., &c.

For full particulars and Bonds of the above loans apply to Messrs.
J. A. Schwarzschild, Bankers, Frankfort-on-Maine, or, to save
postage, all applications by letter can be addressed, Mr. A Schwarzs-
child, Plough-court, Lombard-street, London.

17, CORNHILL, Fzn. I, 1844,
TO SCHOOLS.

RELFE and FLETCHER'S HAIR-LINE
I'OINTED PENS.

It. and F. beg respectfully to direct the attention of the Scholastic
Profession to their recently-invented HAIR-LINE POINTED PENS.
These Pens, in the manufacture of which great care has been
bestowed, are produced under the superintendence of Messrs. It. and
F., and are presumed to surpass any Steel. Pen yet offered to the
public. The points are so fine, that the up-stroke is hardly per-
ceptible, while the metal is of that flexible nature, and the whale
finish so perfect, that a clear down-stroke is insured. The Hair-
line Pointed Pens are divided into three classes, Broad, Medium, and
Fine Points, and in ordering them, care will be necessary that they
are distinctly named. They arc sold in Boxes of a Gross each at Is.,
or One Dozen, mounted on a Card with a peat holder, at Is.

DENTAL SURGERY.—EXTRACTION SUPE --•
IVIESSRS. MOSELEY, Surgeon-Dentists (by
L appointment appointment to his Majesty the King of Hanover), 32, Hay-
maymarket, St. James's, in announcing that they stay be consulted
daily, as usual, beg to invite attention to their method (peculiar to
their own practice) of filling decayed Teeth. Teeth, however badly
decayed, or however large the cavity, filled with Gold, enabling the
patient to masticate with perfect ease, and rendering extraction un-
necessary.
Their TERREOUS ARTIFICIAL TEETH fixed without
Wires of any kind, or extraction of stumps, are not only quite inde-
structible and unchangeable in colour, but being of every shade na-
tural to the original, may be worn from one to a set, without the
slightest difference in shape or colour. Loose Teeth fastened without
ligatures and rendered perfectly fine.—Observe, 32, Haymarket,
AGRICULTURE, CO AMERCE, NAVI OATION, THE
CHURCH.
A B. SAVORY and SONS, Goldsmiths, 14,
cx.. Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank, have finished a few
splendid Pieces of PLATE, suitable for presentation to Gentlemen
connected with either of the above pursuits or professions, to which
heyin forivitetles' rh
attentionoce aosfioCnormittees who are in search of valuable
testimonials

RSEDED

PUBLICATION S.

PAR COVIIRIER EXTRAORDINAIRE.
LA SUITE PU "JUIF ERRANT."
LE COURRIER DE L'EUROPE (Bohain'r4
French Newspaper) will publish, every Saturday, two
chapters more than any other 4.ondon journal of the WANDERING
JEW, by the Author of " Le Mysteries de Paris."
•Le Courtier de l'EnroPe,- during ilve years, has presented to the
English reader a complete resume of the news if the week, and
pxtually altthe best articles oil politics; and literature, romance, and
pe.erns_, Ste., published in the Parisian newspapers.
Subscriptions, 6s. 6d. per quarter, received at. the office, 10, Wel.
I Wigton. street ;
by Joseph Thomas, 1, Finch-lane, Cornhill ; and all
newsmen. Single Numbers, 6d. each. Those continuing the com-
mencement of " Le Juif Errant" may still be obtained as above.
Just publiShed, price One Shilling,
THE LACON of LIBERTY : a Text-Book for
all Classes 'of Reformers ; containing Quotations, selected
from nearly a Thousand Authorities, in behalf of the great Prin-
ciples of Civil- 'and „Religious- Freedom—the whole methodically
arranged, and accompanied by a Copious Biographical Index.
• Effingham Wilson, 'lB, Bishopmgate-street.

This day is published, in one vol. 18mO., neatly hound In cloth,
prke Is. 6d., •
AFOitAIULARY of DEVOTION for the
USE of SCHOOLS, after the manner of the Book of Common
Prayer, composed chiefly In the language of Scripture, and arranged
for each day of the week.
By the Rev. J. T. DOBNET.
Relfe and Fletcher, 17, Cornhill.
T'

:his day 13 published, in one vol. 1rm0.,. price 35., neatly bound in
cloth, and illustrated by' 150 -diagrams, neatly engraved on Wood,
THE-ART OF LAND SURVEYING.. Ex-
plained by short and easy rules, particularly* adapted for the
use of SchoolS, and so arranged as to be also useful to Farmers, Stew-
ards, and others.

By J.OII3cQUESTED, Surveyor.
ReMe and-Fletcher, 17, Cornhill.

This day is published, in one vol., neatly bound in cloth, price 25.,
FIRST GREEK LESSONS. Being a Course
of Study so arranged as to require no previous acquaintance
withthe Grammar.
By CHARLES WHITE, M.A., of Peter House, Cambridge.
Rolfe and Fletcher, 17, Cornhill.

Just published,
MIA BRITISH AND FOREIGN REVIEW,
No. %XXIV. CIINTENTB
1. The Italian Drama.—.A.llleri.
2. L. C. Sulles Revolution in Rome.
3. The Protestant Reformation in England.
4. Sclavonic History and Literature.—Micklewicz.
5. State and Prospects of British Husbandry.
6. Modern English Dramatists.
- 7. Frince'de Jolnville on the French Navy.
8. The Sugar Trade and Duties.—French Slave Colonies.
9.- Maximilian Robespierre.
10. Lord Ellenborough's Indian Government.
11. Recent German Literature.
London: R. and J.-E. Taylor, Red Lioa-court, Fleet-street ; and
all Booksellers,

Just published in cloth, with fine Portrait, price 48. 6d.
CHRIST THE ALPHA AND OMEGA; or
the Fragments gathered up in Several Sermons, by that emi-
nent and faithfbl Preacher of God's Word, the Rev. W. WATTS
WILKINSON, A. 8., of St. Bartholomew's, by the Bank of England ;
with a Copious Memoir of the Author, who died Dec. 10, 1840,
worthgatheringndeed, Christ was the object and
Wilkinson.i Poor empty sinners and a
aged 86.. •
these sermons are like a voice from
subject
jll hrextar
iogsfi
t tenhhniest s
late
c msconstant
Venerableit
; ,
the dead; they come forth wills freshness and power, forcibly re-
minding us of the Preacher. We cannot do otherwise than recom-
mend them ; and we doubt not but in proportion as they are mane
known through-the medium of the Press, they will be rapidly sold
and duly appreciated."---Gospel Magazine, May 1, 1844.
Plymouth : Published by John Bennett, No. 3, Ebrington-place ;
and may also be had at NO. 53,-Paternoster-row, London ; through
the medium of all Booksellers.
Also a few Copies of the following,
I.—On the ORIGINAL ELECTION, FALL, and RECOVERY of
the CIIURCII of CHRIST. By CHRISTOPHER SAVERY, Esq.,
Price 38. _ _ _

. .
" The scope of this work Is to show forth the SoVereignty of Je-
hovah in the choice of his people hom everlasting, and is well calcu-
lated through the teaching of the Holy Ghost, to confirm and refresh
the believer 'whilst passing through. the wilderness of this world to
his Heavenly home."—Gospel Magazine.
IL—PORTRAIT AND MONITUENT OP TILE LATE DR.

HAWKER; "from a Drawing by„:111L91.301:11iti, of the Montupeat.
by the celebrated.Legee, erected ineharleirliurch, Plymouth. Size
12 Inches by 10. Price 58.
111.-PORTRAIT OF THE REV. SEPTIMUS COURTNEY,
do. Same size, 3s. Gd.
IV.—MONUMENT OF THE REV. SEPTIMUS COURTNEY,
do. 3s. Gd.

V.—PORTRAIT OF THE REV. JOHN HAWKER, do. Proofs,
ss. India do, 75. 6d. Coloured do. 12s. 6d.
N.B.—All the above Portraits are Engraved on Steel, In tho first
style of the art.

few miles of Cambridge),•
LOST, on Saturday, the 6th inst., on the London
and Cambridge-road (supposed at the entrance, or within a
Building Plans (useless to to any
one but the owner).
- Any person forwarding the same to the Hoop Hotel, Cambridge, or
to the Owner in London, whose name and address is marked on each
of the plans, will be rewarded for their troul2l2:___
a BROWS PAPER PARCEL, containing

ALL who prize aCOFFEE
delicious Cup of really fine
from wactlFFaza vo have reduced T 1 '
SIDNEY and HALL, No. 8, Ludgate-hill.
The New Duties came into operation on Saturday, Bth of June,
VOPENCE to FOURPENCB
per POUND. COFFEE are invited to purchase from the EstabiLshment of
Black Tea of splendid quality at Three Shillings and Tenpence per
pound.

The Tea Market, No. 3, Ludgate—hill.
SIDNEY AND HALL.

HOUSE
Mr. C. WOOD said ilvipjEkiAL PARLIAmENT.
ALGIERS.
ranean, but whethefrc
(Continued from Of coMMONS, July 8.
Friend (Sir C. Na aid the question of his Hon. and Gallant
of the Government to
was not whether it was the intention
ow
was
sr
theT h
intentionir Third
of
tohfe lastG a vneirgnhinte. )ti t
to
increase the naval force in the Mediter-
ranean,
increase the naval of the country ? It was the constant
practice of the present Government
braid her Majesty's Government when in opposition, to
Governmentup-
with the paltry amount of the
naval force—with the
weakness shown upon the seas in corn,
parison with other Powers, and with the defenceless conditio4
of our coast. But
never
had the Whigs left the shores of Eng.:
land—the interests of
England—so utterly at the mercy of the
foreigner as they we
the crippled state•jore now left by the glory Government, by
main. He asked the which
they
allowed the British navy to re-
Government, then, if it was their inten-
tion to put the naval force of the country its such a condition as
to command confidence at home and respect abroad?
Sir R. PEEL said
he would not give any answer to the
question. Her Majesty's Government were responsible fur
the safety of the cou
, ntry_for the honour of the country ; and
whenever one or the other were endangered, they would have
no have no hesitation whatever in instantly coming down to
Parliament, and „kin
for the amplest means of repelling pro-
vocation.-(Hear, hear.) He had been used unfairly, for the
notice given to him by the Gallant Officer was simply whether
it was the intention of
the Government to increase the naval
force in the Mediterranean.
Lord PALMERS
TON
said there was no ground at all for
complaint on the part of the Government, especially whin
their attacks of the
y.ear 1838 were remembered. In his
opinion, a Government ought always to be ready to state the
amount and distribution d
vvbether increase t,as of the forces of the country, an
intendedc or not. The amount
of the naval force England was less now than
ever it was, and it
—of the Government—to was the duty—the absolute duty
satisfy Parliament that it would
bo so •trongthened and '
increased a.
t°
be prepared for any
emergency that might arise.—( Cheer
Sir R. PEEL said, thes.)
unfair one. Why, even if proceedingheli altogether was a most
whether or not he was going
to increase
had notice of a question,
he would not have answered that
the naval estimates,
that he had had notice of, and it was question. Every question
answered. But beyond that he
wouldas proper to answer, he had
had before said, that her Majesty's simply repeat what he
sible for the honour of the country, Government was respon-
shrink from the obligations which oeticand were not likely to
Lord HOWICK utterly denied the 0 imposed upon them.
and it was absolutely ridiculous,ness complained of,
coming from
so little of punctiliousness had been shown a quarter where
in former days.
RAILWAYS BILL.
Mr. GISBORNE said he ro,,
not to continue the discus-
sion which, perhaps, had gone far enoughthe
at
upon the Bill for the regulation of
ra'lSpeaker left the chair,
that night called upon to read fora second wa3 a, which they were
Hon. Gentleman the President of them" time. The Right
not have failed to observe that, from the Board of Trade could
been brought forward, opposition had sprungmoment his Bill had
that opposition had so increased and strengthened up
against it, and
him (Mr. Gisborne) in saying that thetsngthened as to justify
was in decided array against it. iie
was
whole railway world
the present laws regulating railways were
far from saying that
far have their imperfections than sechre perfect, but better
then before the House would im1:0,0 regulations as the Bill
carry the measure, backed as he was by.thee might certainly
Govern-
ment, but no measure passed hostilel power of
or tend to the good conduct of railways, y would ever work well,
the Right lion. Gentleman would withdraw Ile therefore hoped
' present session, and save him from
ih draw the Bill for the
the House upon it. If the Right Hone thy of ding
Gentleman could not,
or would not, do this, he should me '
second time that day six months,
move that the Bill be read a
Mr. C. RUSSELL said he would votethe
Railway companies fe:t that they had for adjournment.
heard before the House, and he was
of
not been fully and fairly
advantage had been withheld from the at opinion too. Every
, and every obstruction
thrown in their way. Every advantage
Government in the examination of Was taken by the
companies were excluded from the investigation and railway
contrary to
custom and to precedent. Notwithstanding
the Government had taken to force their all the pains which
completely broken down, even according scheme, their case had
their own witnesses. The whole proceedings to the testimony of
principle of reciprocal interest, which were based on a
to obtain sutra. The President of ens necessary in order
the Board of Trade ad-
mitted that has scheme bad failed, and
up to a few (lays before
the Committee had closed its labours, the Right Hun. Gent 0-
man had not determined upon any
On behalf of the railway whocompanies,
spartieular plan of operation.
molls in opposing this Bill, he
offered s were perfectly ottani-
tion to it. Universal alarm had most decided opposi-
the scheme proposed by the Government,been felt regarding
and a deputation,

consisting of some of the largest railway proprietors
in England waited upon the Right Hon. Baronet at the head
of the Government, but their proposal was rejected. On be-
half of all the railways in the' kingdom—on behalf of tine hun-
dred millions of property—he begged of the House to give them
time to consider this important measure before Parliament. The
evidence, which was so voluminous, had riot been on the table
longer than since the middle of June, and had not been perused
even by the Ministers themselves. Was the House prepared
even to discuss the propriety of so important a change in rail.
way speculation ? They asked for time till the early part of
next session to consider this Bill, and he hoped the House would
not refuse the prayer.—( Hear, hear.)
Mr. GLADSTONE said he did not think the /lon. Member
for Nottingham had well considered his motion ; for the effect of
it would be a refusal to entertain or even consider the measure.
The Bill must be first explained to the House and to those out
of doors who had petitioned the House in such numbers. The
Bill proposed to the House had the sanction of the -Govern-
ment and of the RailWaiCommittee, and was, in fact, grounded
upon the reports of Railway Committees. He felt that it would
be necessary to explain the objects and nature of the Bill.
Mr. HAVES said he did not think it had been reasonable to
promise an opinion upon the Bill when the body of evidence
that had been laid on the table of the House had not been
perused. Since the evidence had been laid upon the table,
various most important measures had been under the considera-
tion of the House. Tl.ey had been discussing a Joint-Stock
Company'l Bill, a" Bank Charter 13ill, and other most im-
portant subjects. Besides, he did not think the Right Hon. "
Baronet at the head of the Government had acted fairly by
them, for on a previous occasion he said the House should be
-very cautious bow they interfered with existing railway com-
panies. He thought the Vice-President of the Board of
Trade had failed to make out a.case to resist the motion of the
Hon. Member for Nottingham.
Mr. COLQUHOUN said be thought it would be wrong to
refuse to enter into the discussion at present ; however,
he must say, that they had not as yet sufficiently pe-
rused the report- of the. Committee. He considered the
present-step a most dangerous one, and one unprecedented in
the history of British Legislature, transferring almost all the
power from private capitalists to Government. and }et that
same Government had refused to interfere with factory labour
on the very same principle on which they now attempted to act.
The idea of passing such a Bill at such a period of the session
was absurd, and the provisions of the Bill were most unfair,
injurious, and of an unprecedented nature.
Mr. WALLACE said he believed the railway interest bad
come doin to that House 'for the purpose of stopping the pro-
gress of this Bill upon the ground that the Legislature at-
tempted to interfere between railway companies and the public.
The Railway Committee upon which the report on the table
was founded was composed for a great part of railway capitalists,
and a great number of witnesses were examined on behalf of
the railway interest. He protested against those Hon. Mem-
bers who were directly interested in railway speculations
voting on this Bill. He would support the second reading.
Mr. GISBORNE 'was averse to discussing the Bill at so
late a period of the session; and before Hon. Members had time
to peruse the evidence.
Mr. H; HINDE denied, in the most positive manner, that
the railway interest had, in any way, attempted to obstruct the
Bill of the Government, but due time had not been given for
the consideration of the evidence. If the Right Hon. Gentle-
man would postpone the decision on the measure till next ses-
sion, he would offer no opposition to a full discussion, and a
second reading of. it during this session. At the same time,
even if the Government persevered, he would offer it no unfair
opposition.
Mr. LABOUCHERE said the question now before the
House was not whether it should affirm the principle of the Bill,
but whether there was anything in its nature to prevent its
discussion in the, present session. He thought they should dis-
cuss the measure fully during the present session. The mea-
sure was as mu-. 11 the offspring of the Committee as
of the. Government, and •he would vote for its second
reading. It had been said that the evidence on the
table had not been fully known or promulgated,
but according to the statements of railway companies them-
selves they seemed fully acquainted with the evidence, and
with every principle the Bill introduced, and they gave it their
unqualified condemnation. He did not think the interests of
the companies and those of the public were distinct and sepa-
rate, but were altogether identical. He thought the Bill be-
fore the House would be -eminently beneficial to both. He
hoped they would now proceed to discuss the Bill in the usual
way, and trusted the Hon. Gentleman would not press his
motion to a divisieM. .

Sir R. PEEL said he thought there was a growing opinion
among the public that railway companies were becoming mo-
nopolies. The Hon. Member was still worse than the Athe-
nian, for the Athenian said '‘ Strike, but hear," but the Hon.
Member would strike but refuse to hear. Must there not be
something very erroseous in the system when the Hon. Mem-
ber for Nottingham moved that the Order of the Day be read,
merely becau:e his Right Hon. Friend, the Vice-President of
the Board of Trade, had attempted to explain the principles of
the measure to the House? The object of the Government
was to prevent undue exaction and to make these great public
concerns as beneficial both to the capitalists and to the public as
possible. It had been said that the present period of the ses-
sion was too late to introduce any measure on the sub-
ject of railways, but they had had sixty new
applications for railways during the present session,
and "they would in all probability have sixty more.
He could never believe that the House of Commons would so
far protect and shelter monopoly, as to prevent his Right Hon.
Friend, the representative.of the Government, from explaining
the objects and nature of the Bill. The Government, he re-
peated, had and could have no other object in view but the pub-
lic good. They offended a large and influential body of capi-
talists, many of their strenuous supporters, so that they must,
at all events, get credit for perfect disinterestedness. Again.
the Government only adopted the suggestionsand recommenda-
tions of the Committee ; they were, in short, only carrying out
their recommendations, and acting in accordance with the evi-
dence brought before them- Until the four tellers declared at
the table of that House that the motion of the Hon. Member
opposite was successful, be never could believe that the power of
monopoly was so strong in the House of Commons, as to refuse,
not only to pass a useful measure, but to deprive the Govern-
ment of the power of explaining its principles, nature, and ob-
jects. All the Government wished was a full, fair, and impar-
tial discussion ; they would be ready to hear suggestions from any
Hon. Member, and give them their best consideration. The
sort of strategy which had been resorted to by railway
directors was rather of an unusual description. The Right
Hon. Gentleman read a circular from the railway directors
which had been received by a grocer at Deptford, requesting
of him, as an elector, to request of his representative to give
the Government Railways Bill all the opposition in his power,
but the grocer replied that if he had a vote himself he would
give it in favour of the Government measure, so that the rail-
way directors did not further impress on this individual the
necessity of - communicating his opinions to his representative.
(A laugh.) No ; let the measure be judged upon its merits
and utility, and by that test the Government was prepared to
abide.—( Cheers. )
Mr. R. YORKE recommended the Hon. Member for Not-
tingham to withdraw his motion.
Mr. GISBORNE then withdrew his motion.
Several petitions against the Railways Bill were presented
from various railway companies.
Mr. GLADSTONE then rose to move the second reading
of the Bill. Ho said that this was not a question of party, on
which the Government could appeal to the sympathy of their
supporters. Everything that could be done to throw
opposition in the way of this Bill had been adopted on the
part of, many of the railway companies in the country.
The statements, however, upon which that opposition was
founded were. all at variance with facts. No Bill that had
ever come before Parliament had ever met with greater mis-
representation. So anxious were the Government to secure
to railway companies a full and fair representation in the Com-
mittee, that four gentlemen were appointed on that Commit-
tee who were themselves railway directors. This was con-
sidered by many Hon. Members as an undue leaning towards
railway companies, and the consequence was, that two of those
gentlemen were withdrawn. The list of that Committee in-
cluded gentlemen who were known to be conversant with rail-
way matte's. He would, first of all, address himself to the
charge which had been brought against this Committee of
partiality. He could not conceive how the gentlemen who
bad framed the petitions which had been presented against this
pill could descend to the assertion than the evidence which
had been taken was e.r parte evidence. They would deprive
words of all meaning if they were to sanction such words as
these to be- applied to this Bill. Why, the witnesses exa-
mined were persons themselves connected with railways.
Twelve witnesses were examined, and two of them were per-
sons connected with the Board of Trade. The whole of the
other witnesses were railway directors. There was Mr. Glynn,
the Chairman of the Birmingham Railway ; Mr. Hudson, the
• Chairman of half-a-dozen railways in the north ; Mr. Baxen-
dale, ono of the largest railway proprietors in ie kingdom ;
Mr. Swift, the Agent of the Grand Junction Railway ; Mr.
Saunders, the Secretary to the Great Western Company ;
Captain Lawes ; the Hon. Member for Clitheroe (Mr. Csril-
well) ; Mr. Wilkinson, Chairman of the London and Croydon
Railway; Mr. Rowland Hill, who was known in connection
with another question, and Mr. Harding, the Secretary to the
Glasgow and Greenock Railway. These were called cx pane
witnesses. How, he would ask, could such words be applied
to such a subject? His Hon. Friend the Member for Read-
ing, in the Committee, said, that railway companies ought to be
allowed to call witnesses. Why his Hon. Friend himself was
on the Committee as the representative of railway companies.
Mr. C. RUSSELL intimated dissent.
Mr. GLADSTONE did not say that his Hon. Friend had
been chosen by the railway companies, but he was an active
supporter of the views of those who entertained opinions of
nun-intervention with respect to railways. Why did
not his Honourable Friend the Member for Reading
in Committee, complain of the es* parte evidence ?
In entering into tne consideration of the subject which was
submitted to them,
,of course one of the first questions upon
which they deliberated was the question of accommodation
for third class pasengers. The Committee felt that on this
question they were justified in introducing a clause into the Bill,
which to a certain extent might be called interference. It
would be recollected, that those parties whose avoeatibns led
them to different parts of the country, who were compelled to
travel in third class carriages, were persons ill calculated to
bear exposure to the weather, and a clause to protect them
had been framed and introduced into the Bill.—( Hear, hear. )
There were two clauses in the Bill relating to the conveyauee
of the military and the mails. There were three clauses re-
lating to the prosecution of railway companies who excee.led
the powers which had been conferred upon them by Parlia-
ment, and there were two clauses relating to loan notes. The
remaining portions of the Bill were relating to the general sub-
ject of railway reform. They were about now to discuss the
great question of option on the part of the Government with
respect to the general management of railways. And now lie
had to complain of the gross misstatements which had been in-
dulged in with respect to this , Bill. Those statements were,
that this Bill had been brought forward to enable the Execu-
tive to purchaie or revise future railways, upon certain terms, if
they thought fit to do so. Now this was a perversion of -the
real objects of the Bill. The Bill gave the Government cer-
tain powers with respect to future railways, but the policy of
using these powers was entirely vested in the Parliament it:elf.
The express object of the Bill was to place the whole mat ter at.
the discretion of Parliament. The ground taken by the Com-
mittee was this, that even if it were politic to
purchase or revise, were they now in a condition, with
reference to existing railways, to entertain the question ?
The two questions they had to conslder was, the policy of the
step, and whether the maintenance of public faith would
permit them to make the pul•cha,.es or • revisions. The Com-
mittee had scrupulously adhered to the maintenance of public

faith, and had adopted no measures which might be deemed
unwarrantable with respect to existing railways. With re.-
gard to future railways they had reserved certain powers, and
having done so, they reserved the question of policy with
respect to carrying those powers out for the deliberation of
Parliament. There were some gentlemen who recommended
the purchase of all railways by the State. The Committee
were not prepared to adopt this recommendat on and opinion.
He (Mr. Gladstone) would certainly oppose such a proposition.
Ile did not think that in the present state of the railway
system, there were grounds sufficient to warrant the adoption
of such a measure. This Bill left the question of policy en-
tirely open. To purchase any railway, the Government
would have to come to Parliament for the means, and then
the question of the expediency of the plan would be fully en-
tered into. It was not too much to expect, that in a very
few years as much as 15,000,0001. sterlicg annually would be
spent by the people of this country in the shape of fares to
railway companies; and therefore it was important that the
Government should have the powers which this Bill
conferred, if by that means a saving to the public
could be effected. Under the' present system of railways
the experiment which the Government proposed never could
be made, They might have it tried between London and"
Greenwich, or between Glasgow and Greenock, but not on a
large and general scale in the country. Now ho did say, for
those reasons, that it was politic and wise in them as states-
men, to retain in their hands a power to be used at an after
period-for the good of the public,' if they found it politic to do
so ; or int- to be used if circumstances did not require it. He
had aliciat'sitrong objection to any measure that might incline
the scale eittier.one way or another; but that before them only
called on Parliament to maintain its own free agency.' It was
perfectly impossible for the Executive to alter or revise, with-
out first resorting to Parliament. It had been said that it was
the object of the Government to keep that a close question.
He denied that such was the desire of the Government. They
rather wished to open a question that was now closed, and to
put Parliament in such a condition that they might decide upon
and settle it. It might be wise to try the working of this mea-
sure, or it might not ; he was not going to say how Parliament
ought ultimately to to proceed ; but, in the meantime, Parlia-
ment only enacted that, at some future time, it might be law-
ful for Government to purchase railways. But the opponents
of this measure may say, Tell us, first, when you mean to pur-
chase them, and on what terms." It would be impossible for
Government to make any reservation in that case, and they
had thought they were bound to reserve a certain power, in order
to show those who might be afterwards disposed to invest capital
in improvements calculated to do much good to the country,
what would be the terms on which Government should take
those railways under their own protection. It was a very
singular matter, and the question was an amusing one. How
happened it that this Bill, which affected only the prospective
railways, had been unopposed by those having Bills at present
before Parliament ?—( Hear, hear.) How came it, he asked,
that the opposition arose altogether from the old companies, and
whose rights the Government had paid every attention to?
He wanted much to know on what possible grounds of reasoning
they founded their opposition to the measure? One reason
he believed they alleged was this.; that they would
ultimately be driven under the operation of the
Bill. The very language used was, that Government
would force them into it, however ruinous and oppressive
they might find it. But how could Government force them
into it ? He (Mr. G.) had already shown that Government
could do nothing towards forcing them into it; and could it
believe that they would be drawn into any such ruinous and op-
pressive course ? Surely they mistrusted themselves too much.
—(Laughter.) They might surely have exhibited a little
more confidence.—( Laughter. ) This he would say, that if
any course could tend to weaken those companies, it was the
course they were then pursuing. He was addressing a ma-
jority of railway proprietors in that House.—( Hear, hear, and
laughter.) He'vvas himself a railway proprietor ; his family
were most extensively connected with railway companies ;
and he repeated that nothing could weaken rail-
way 'companies like an undue use of their present
great power.—( Hear, hear.) Had Parliament shown any
wish or inclination to oppress and thwart public companies ?
Had it evinced a disposition to second the clamour raised out
of doors against the management of railway companies? Yet
those railway companies whose power was so strong, stronger
perhaps than any other in commanding the votes of Members
—(Cries of " No, no")—he imputed no' motives to Hon.
Members, but it seemed odd, with respect to their opposition to
this Bill, how, if they had no confidence in a future Parliament,
they could place any confidence in the present one. They
objected that Government might at a future period buy up
some poor railway, and so make use of its resources to injure a
rich one. His answer to that was, that Government could
not do that without first coming to Parliament for the
means ; and he thought they would be able to combat
then and to defeat the unworthy Government, which would
enter the commercial lists with a stronger purse for the pur-
pose of ruining other parties. If Government were inclined
to pursue this unworthy policy then, what was to prevent them
from doing so now ? Why this, that Parliament would listen
to no such proposition. He thought those were the two
objections on which this Bill had been opposed, first, that
Government might buy, and secondly, that sufficient time had
not been given to the House and to the country to consider its
provisions. With respect to the irst, he hail already stated
his opinion upon it, and with regard to the second he
would briefly say a few words upon it. And first, he at
once admitted that if the House were called on to affirm
the policy of the Government purchasing railways, this
objection would be a strong one ; but that objection did not
apply to a measure of definite legislation. That Bill ought
to have been denominated a Bill for reserving the discretion of
Parliament—he repeated reserving its discretion, and he had
no hesitation in saying that, if those notes of the Committee
had been lost, he would not have scrupled to recommend the
Bill to the consideration of Parliament. But he asked,
how stood the objection with respect to the ques-
tion of time ? On the 30th of March, the Com •
mittee recommended, and on the 3d of April the report
was on the table of the House. More than three months had,
therefore, elapsed since the recommendation had been intro-
duced to the notice of Members. Why they (the Government)
were the persons who were taken by surprise in the matter.
The report and the Bill were published on the 3d of April, and,
therefore, when Hon. Gentlemen spoke of being taken by
surprise, he imagined that himself and his colleagues had the
most right to complain. They might say, probably, that no
one thought of the report ; but he said that fewer
documents had been the object of greater attention
either in that House or throughout the country. It was ad-
verted to, and printed in all the London newspapers, and in the
majority of the Irish press. The principal railway newspapers
had also referred, and extracted from it, and they had praised
the moderation and cautious tone of the report; and all that was
done three months ago; and nothing then but the utmost con-
cord was expressed fur the measure; and until other matters
came on, to which he would not then advert, that report main-
tained its interest with the public. lie complained that they
(the Government) were misrepresented, and that, too, in the
petition from the Directors of the London and Birmingham
Railway. They stated that the report was not laid
on the table of the House till the 24th of May,
and that most voluminous papers were not pro-
duced till a fortnight afterwards. He complained of this as
a misrepresentation. What were the facts ? The Bill was
founded upon the report which had been laid before the
House on the 3d of April. The Hon. Gentleman then read
the answers given to the Committee by the Chairman of the
London and Birmingham Railway, in which that gentleman
expressed his opinion that the present Bill should be intro-
duced without delay. He deprecated the consequences of de-
lay. By the beginning of next session, they would have one
or two hundred Railway Bills before the House, and it
would be July before they could get at the second
reading of this Bill.—( Hear, hear.) The opposition to this
Bill was composed of different elements, but he
apprehended that the real opposition was that set on foot by
parliamentary agents and solicitors. It had been stated, that
the competition between rival lines of railway would preserve
the interests of the public without the necessity for this mea-
sure. They would perhaps allow him to introduce something
by way of episode. The London and Birmingham and the
Grand Junction Railways quarrelled some time ago, and the
rival companies proposed new lines of railway for the
purpose of opposing others, and so lowering the rates of transit
to the public. Like lovers' quarrels, however, they became
friends again, and the public were no longer thought of, and so
it would be, if this measure was not carried, in future and similar
cases. He ( Mr. Gladstone) seeing the way in which the opposition
to this Bill was going on, had written to the parties whose
petition had, a night or two ago, been presented, to know if
they were authorised by the different railway companies to do
so. The fact was that the movement against the bill was ori-
ginated and solely carried on by those who lived and thrived
upon the abominably lavish expenses which attended every
Railway Bill on its transit through the House. It was
those parties who thronged the lobby, persecuting Members
for their votes—the agents fur the Bine—the teen who lived on
making, expenses put of them—these were the real parties who,
for their own selfish, and sordid interests, DOW got up the oppo •
sition to this Bill.—( Cheers. ) No men were happier at draw-
.ine up petitions and other documents, just steering clear of
absolute falsehood, but misrepresenting everything which, as it.
appeared to them, militated against their own interests.
—(Loud cheers.) But he would come to his last
topic. 'The Bill he was thew recommending had
been represented as an attack upon railway property. Why,
since the Committee had been sitting, since the reports had
been made—yes, since that very Bill had been brought in, rail-
way property had been rising in value.—(Cheers.) The shares
of the Great Western Railway had risen 51. The railway
market had never been more buoyant ; and at the present mo-
ment there were no less than fifteen new railway schemes
coming to Parliament, whose united capital would not
be less than 20,000,0001.—( Hear. ) But he would argue the
question no further. Neither the Committee nor the Govern-
ment had done anything, or contemplated anything, to the in-
jury of existing railway property, or to shake public confidence
in it. All they wanted was, to legislate for the remote future.
After the statements he had made—the facts he had cited—
the motives he had laid bare—he was sure that House was not
to be deluded, and that nothing would induce it to defer this
Bill to next session. lie knew the power of railway compa-
nies, and had ever felt satisfied that with justice on their
side they were irresistible. But knowing that justice was nit
the side of Government, and feeliug it was its duty to interfere
now, rather than later, or when obstacles would be increased,
he did not shrink from the encounter. And lie approached his
task with the better heart because he knew thy object of the
e
Govermaent was to secure and to strengthen property, and net
to loosen pr undermine it.; and also because, whatever noise sir
great,endangerae thel
saboastti
sfied might h
a t
rbaeil,wy
maadpeewheyr
certain
not yet interested
risen
so
high,
that.
w
Parliamentary
alicit a u
vith4oireiht y hadek
looked
tesnulnyk t seo
thelo nd n
w
to
success of,a
and permanent. interests of the country at large.—(
Mr. ENTWISLE said he felt the great disadvat n'
e) iag f
following such a speaker as the Bight thin. President of
ml.
Board of Trade, especially after the very able and compte I eI.
sive speech which he had just delivered.—( Hear, hear. ). hlr
felt it his duty, however, in this early stage of the oceedil
to protest against any measure which might have r
the effect of
ultimately bringing the Government into the market
competitors with the railway companies. The Bill, too, ase
a complete power as to future railways, and ho. doubted gave
propriety of giving so extensive an authority to any Gover•
ment. By and bye, the country would be one complete net-
workn of railway, and to grant the Government the powers
now sought by the Government would be to increase its
patronage arid influence to an almost fearful extent. It should
be recollected, too, that most of the railway proprietors were
interested in several lines, and to his knowledge it frequently
happened that the most successful of -
tttped to those proprietors.adficient to pay a very moderate