The Sun.
London, England, 1826-08-22 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

;. .
The report lately printed by, the Emigration Com-
mittee will be read with considerable interest, even by
those who reluctantly and partially coincide in the views
which it discloses. It is a good. surgeon who knows how
to amputate a limb,
.but he has more ability who effects
'the cure without so severe an operation. •At first sight it
appears very. plausible to recommend the transporting, to
other countries, of large bodies of the King's subjects,
who.' pessess no means of decent subsistence at home.
When, however, we proceed a little further into the sub-
,„ject, the immediate application of such an experiment to
'practice presents us with two points for COMfideration :--
, sit, The injustice of the proposal, .without striving, by
some inquiry into the causes of the redundant population,
to ascertain whether a remedy less heart-breaking thin the
final abandonmeht of their native country might not be
found effectual fora portion at least of the, paupers of
England, and' for a certain time. 2d, Whether the real
difficulties, in the way of an experiment, on a scale cor-
responding to the acknowledged nature of the exigency,
'have been fully taken into account by the Committee.' It
• may be stated that England, Ireland, and Scotland, with
the aptitude: of each to profit by the measures recom.
Mended, are embraced by the views of the Committee,
acrd referred to in its report. The fact of a redundant po•
pulution is given, and serves as the, basis of all the re-
inerks and propositions detailed in the report. The causes
of it are but incidentally touched upon by the Committee,
although they are explained in the evidence more at length,
and they ought, we think, to be maturely weighed be Ore
• any new plan of dispeopling the country shall be adopted.
It is obvious, that in looking at the manufacturing parts
of -England, and at Ireland as a wholes the same pas•
sion has acted upon two classes of men in very:oppo-
site circumstances' and has, through different modes of
operation, tended, in both islands, to a similar result.
lhe cupidity of the manufacturer here has occasioned
an eager (Wand for manufacturing labourers, which,
though exhibited in irregular and unequal paroxysms,
upon the whole, progressive throughout a pe-
'tiostof V•years ; and, calling into activity immense num-
bers of hands previously employed in agriculture, while it
encouraged marriages which brought millions snore into
life, the fruits have been an increase to the inhabitants of
Great Britain far beyond that amount to which the power
that engendered them could furnish a continued and com-
petent subsistence., ence. This stimulus, displayed by the ma-
nufacturing interest, has. been all along reinforced mid
sharpened by the excess of paper money, or, in other
Words,- by. the universal system of running .in debt", and
further, by the unwise administration of the poor laws.—
In Velma' the improvident rapacity of 'the landlord has
produced the same effect as that of the English manufac-
: thrill, and the Irish gentleman slid not require fur this
purpose the help of poor laws or of paper money. He
multiplied ad b!ifinitunt the tenants on his land, as the ma-
• nufacturers of England did the occupants of their work-
shops;
.and his grand auxiliary was the barbarism of a
people who had no taste for the comfort* of life, but of-
fered their weight in silver for potatoes. In.Eugland, so
far as, the manufacturers now thrown out of bread are con-
"'Tilled, inch a reduction in the price of bread ought to be
effected, as would enable them to live on the wages whiiih
theie,employers could aflbrd. A repeal of the corn laws,
therefore, ought to be tried, before recourse was had to
the.eaustie or knife of emigration. With regard to Ire-
land and to the agricultural paupers of England, we do not
see hoW any measure of domestic policy can supply the
• employment of which large multitudes stand in need; but
we are bound to add, that neither the report nor the evi-
dence suggests to us 4 satisfactory or sufficient plan for
carrying into effect the required alternative of emigration.
It is statedoind we believe the statement, that tracts of
land, of undefined extent, and of unequalled quality, ,may
be found in the British Coloniem of North America,
Southern Africa, and New Holland, with • its ilts-
peodenties, quite equal to the location of tie many
xnilliu,:'s of emigrants as it can be, con'petured that
this cototrY will furnish throughout ea long tutu-
ity " hills of eseuge:' , 110;v to transpott our poor countrymen to
is the sole: knot to be untied. The
these
Committee inform Jis, that an average of 201. each will
, sale for the conveys:nee of emigrants to Canada or New
Brinuswick, and for their first settlement there. ft is pro-
posed that the sum so required shall be raised by annuities
for ea given number of years, of 31. 10s. 9d. for each sum
of SU, assumed as the cost of a family of-four persons.—
Now,only imagine the' eripence of such a measure, if exe-
cuted on any scale of such magnitude as would make itself
felt as a relief. :One hundred thousand emigrants to Ca-
nada would cost two millions of money. But it would take
• half a million Of people, at least, to accomplish any serisi-
. • ble relief to the United Kingdom' and a prime cost of no
sis than ten millions sterling. Could this he attempted
with any prospect of sluices*? Could the estimate be re-
gamed as fully equal to the k expenditure? Then, again,
how conk: A great and sudden increase of inhabitants find
food in any of put' colonies ? And if not a great and and•
den efflux Irma titglatult what relief should we experi•
epee.? Emigrants from the Weald of Kent to New Vont
cost but 13/. a-piece. Why is this Government so mud
less expert as an economist?' Of the expense of trans
porting to New Holland we have /` sperience enough on,
that subject—enough to deter us trots: an eaterown 0'
that scheme to any magnitude capable a assisting our
mass of paupers.—As to Irish landlords subserijug sums
of vioney, or incurring rent-charges to u liberal mount, it
is a pure vision. They are themselves but an order of
more'gentlemanly 'paupers ; and many of them might be
fitter subjects for emigration in thew own persons, than
promoters of its advantages in behalf of others: —With
respect to English parishes, the case is different. We are
of op.;nion, that the poor 's-rat(' might be mortgaged bene-
ficially for the removal of their poor. But in this country
the first obligation upon Parliament is to try a repeal of
the Conn Laws, Which might keep our working classes at
home, insteal.l of first taxing the nation, that the land-
, owners may eel'," dear bread; and then taxing it, a second
time, to feed elserelhere those whom, for the sake of these
same land-owners, si,e have rendered unable to purchase
it.--'!'mires.

We regret that the exp:oit of an American ship, the
Come, commanded by a Cowin Elliot, in violating' the
'Brazilian blockade in the Rio de la Plata should have
been mentioned in England as a gallant and spirited deed.
it is sorely not for the benefit' of mankind, that the corn-
paratively. sarong should Gully the comparatively weak, or
that the 14" of tiatiO A S. mild be set at nought, when-
ever a party nial do n
Rirdwiith present impunity. When
the Optic quitted
~,he
wood
Itot tie linoweL att49l-0, notice was given that
iouriss the blockading equadron.
Upon her arrival in the
cei) do to Plato, the Maria du
Gloria, of :tlguils, three
voured to stop bet O 1 the thrtvr,",", and a brig, endea-
ow it:, thOlt, and an Intimation-
was sent to her Captain
far-
ther. lie, however, prep,,,ii was not to proceed
~.er..gvage, was enabled
having the advantage of the \yeah 'nee a la-"oge, and,
Now,
to complete his purpose,
that of the
vigtthle channel, so comnarativeky'Ltirlree Y"" in 4 na'
vim a de (dela
Rio de la Plata is, oft the Ortiz Ilank,l"
blockade, we know' not what i 5 meant
and the Cyaue acted, not as a neutral All r a hi" "de'
• p, MA as a Belli-!
gerent. The conduct of her Calitain was that „f aLi
terous bully—bold, beeause he knew that he No - —us'
enemy to deal with. The rights of neutrals mid th:iriak
of belligerents are co-relative to each other. The Angi It.*l
cans never omit an opportunity of infringing owieevrel:
they can do so with safety) the lattrer, as acknof owiedgeatihdei4
the Publie Law of Europe, unde pretence exte,v
the former. It is a shallow policy, and mort mischievous
to the world. The real practieal effect of extending the
pretended rights of neutrals against belligerents will be.-
tti make neutrality almost impossible, and lo convert into
belligernts those who otherwise might have been llVll-
tral,—Nem Timer and Representative. .
.. , We Live often remarked upon the ev!renie ab
thesurrdity
ld-
of
.modern architects, in excluding light from i bui
ings; and tat *limant.wherein the shortness of the
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days, and the frequent cloudy state of the atmosphere, ren-
ders an'exactly opposite conduct the plain dictate of common
sense. The justice of this remark isbest judged of by com-
parison. Let anyman for a monient,place himself on the brow
of the ,Green-park, with the new mansion of the Duke of
York and the old one of Lord Spencer, full in his view,
and he will see this illustrated in a way that he will feel
to be undeniable. Who the architect of the one or of the
other is or was; we do not know ; but if any man can
view-these two mansions (glancing his eye at the same
time a little further to the left, towards the yellow brick
breast-wall of Mr. Baring), and not say that this art, in-
stead of advancing, has worldly deteriorated among us,
we think there can be nu such thing as taste, or good sense
in such matters remaining. The architect of Mr. Baring's
house (who is himself, by the by, one of the Windsor
Committee of taste) first makes -large windows looking
into Piccadilly, and then erects n wall, very wisely, to
shut oqt so 'unseemly a prospect ; while the view over the
Park towards the Surrey Hills, which other people have
raised houses a story or two to get at, he wholly shuts out
[iy building the house disproportionably low, and with
little pigeon-holes for 'windows, equally opposed to light,
to air, and prospect. A similar comparison to that we
have been mentioning may be made by any one who will
put himself in a situation to view from the same spot the
old Banquetting House, at Whitehall, and the modern
gallery atliiir just beginning to develope its up-stairs ter-
races at the corner of Downing-street. Here the architect,
not contented with making the windows much too small,
actually overhangs them with ugly, useless projections,
which must exclude one-half of the little light they would
otherwise receive ? Now foreigners must laugh, and
natives of judgment grieve, when they witness such absurd
oings as these I—Morning Herald.