The Sun.
London, England, 1844-05-09 00:00:00

ADVERTISEMENTS, INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE.

EASE IN WALKING.
%JILLIAM 730, STRAND,
• is inducedtl3.
gAivlle DpuEbiliEtyYto,
hi, of
much admireA PRE.
PARED LEATHER (so noted for extreme SMTNESS and
DURA 3ILITY), in consequence of the patronage he has received,
and the general satisfaction given by him in manufacturing the above
into BOOTS, &c., on his. peculiar fitting principle of combining
elegance with ease. An extensive assortment of best made articles
always ready on sale. E,tablished 50 years.
No FT, Strand, corner of Waterloo-brid,,e, London.

HORIZON rAL WATCHES, VERY FLAT.
A B. SAVORY and SONS, Watchmakers, 9,
Cornhill, London, opposite the rank. Price, in Silver
Cases, Three and a-Half Guineas each; or, in Gol I Cases, Six
Guineas each. These Watches arc accurate and durable, the Hori.
zontal E-capement being peculiarly suitel to combine those im.
p^rtant requisites. They are jewelled In four hole., and continue
going whilst being wound. A twelvemonth's warranty is given
with each.

BURGESS'S NEW SAUCE, for general pur-
poses, having gained such great approbation, and the demand
for it eontinning to increase, JOHN BURGESS and SON beg most
respectfully to eller thus their best acknowledgments to the Public
for their liberal patronage of the same ; its utility and great e,onveni-
exce in all climates have recommended 1, to the most distinguished
foreign connections, who have all spokes highly in its recommenda-
tion. It is prepared by them only ; and for preventing disappoint-
ment to families, all possible care has been resorted to, by each
bottle being sealed on the cork with their firm and address, as well
as each label having their signature, without which it cannot be
genaMe.
JOHN BURGESS and SON'S long-established and much-esteemed
ESSENCE of ANCHOVIES continues to be prepared by them after
the sane manner that has gives the greatest satisfaction for many
years.
Warehouse, IV, Strand, corner of Savoy Steps, London.

MONEY. GRAND DISTRIBUTION of
70,1701. sterling, authorised by his Imperial Majesty, and
the Government of Austria, on the Ist JUNE NEXT, at Vienna. _ _

_ ....
Highest Prize, 23,0001.; Lowest, 501.: 700 Prizes.—Apply for pro-
spectuses, to Messrs. F. E. Fuld and Co., Bankers and Receivers-
General, Frankfort ; or, to save postage, at 26, Bouverie-street, Lon-
don, by letter only, from Twelve to Three.

DISEASED AND HEALTHY LIVES

ASSURED.

ATEDICALJNVALID, and GENERAL LIFE
_i_VIL OFFICE, 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON.

TRUSTEES. -
Charles Hopkinson, Esq., Itegent.street.
Sir Thomas Phillips, Temple.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L., Doctors' Commons.
DIRECTORS.

Edward Doubleday, Esq., 249,
Great Surrey.street.
George Gun Hay, Esq., 127,
Sloane street.
J. Parkinson, Esq., F.R.S., SO,
Cambridge-terrace, Hyde-park.
Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S.,
17, Wimpole-street.

C. Richardson, Esq., 19, Bru.
ton-street, Berkeley-square.
Thomas Stevenson,Esq., F.S. A.,
37, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Robert Bentley Todd, M.D.,
F.R.S., 26, Parliament-street.
Alfred Waddilove, D.C. L.,
Doctors' Commons.
[TORS.
I J,

AUDI'
John Pursord, Esq., 7, York- . Stirling Taylor, Esq
' terrace, Regent's-park. I 14, Upper Gloucester-place,
Joseph Radford, Esq., 27, I Dorset-square.
Cambridge-terrace, Hyde- Martial L. Welch, Esq.. Wynd-
park. I ham.place Bryanston.square.
STANDING Courscri.--John Shapter, Esq., Lincoln's Inn.
B &MEE as—Messrs. C.Hopkinson and Co., Regent-street.

SOLICITORS—Messrs. Richardson and Smith, 28, Golden.square.
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL STATISTICS—WiIIiam Farr, ESQ.,
General Register Office.
AcTuaav—F. G. P. Nelson, Esq.

This Office is provided with very accurately constructed tables,
by which it can assure unsound lives on equitable terms.
Similar tables enable the Society to grant increased annuities on
unsound lives, the amount varying with the particular disease.
Members of consumptive families assured at equitable rates.
Healthy lives are assured on lower terns than at most tither
offices.

The first Life Assurance Society commenced business in 1705,
and the principles of life contingencies, understood at that time to
a very limited extent only, have repeatedly undergone important
changes and improvements; but till the establishment of this So.
ciety in 1941 no attempt had ever been made to assure the lives of
persons who suffer from disease.
The science of statistics has only within a recent period been
successfully applied to the duration and mortality of diseaie, and
hence tables on the probability of these results could not have been
formed ; and it would evidently have been unsafe and hazardous
for any society to have undertaken the risk of assuring the lives of
persons afflicted with any particular malady. The statistical in-
formation, however, now collected, and in possession of this office,
Is of so great an extent as fully to warrant the extension of life
assurance to such cases, and, in fact, to place the application of life'
assurance on diseased lives on a more secure basis than even that
on healthy lives.
It is hoped that while kept clearly in view that this Society, in
common with other offices, will assure the lives of healthy persons,
it is as yet the only one established to assure the lives of persons
labouring under disease; and to this latter feature particular atten.
tion is directed.

In the first place, because it opens a larger field for business than
all other offices can have unitedly; and in the
Second place, because that branch of assurance must, from its
own nature, be less hazardous, and its principles rest on a more
permanent foundation.
These are two highly important facts, and we shall enter into an
explanation of each ; and first, as to the prevalence of disease.
The period of life most important to an assurance office Is that be-
tween 15-60 years of age, and in the following remarks we refer
exclusively to this period of life.

_ .
It will be found that the deaths in the metropolis for the two
year. preceding 1842 were, from art causes, 30,518 ; and from
consumption alone, 10,688 ; showing that more than one-third of
the total deaths in that period of life takes place from the preys..
lence of a single disease; and If the same inquiry were instituted
with respect to other diseases, such as asthma, dropsy, diseases of
the head, heart, &c., it would be found that more than one-half
of the whole population would, on medical examination, be refused
admission into an assurance office. If the inquiry be carried to
the principal towns in England, like facts are elicited—ln
mingham, Liverpool and Manchester, the deaths from all causes,
per annum, are about 5,023, while those from consumption are
1,988, forming considerably more than one-third of the whole. The
same thing will be found to hold good in the large towns in Scot-
land,mo oin t
ed six
to 2
8, h
ofwhich3o7 thethose
o s
ed deaths in icnoansguimvepntiponeriaodlo,nferotmo
6,359,a11 causes,
and
afrom six important diseases, 9,754; in the latter case forming more
than 42 per cent. of the deaths from all causes. On reference to
the returns from the city of Glasgow for 1836-1840 It will be
found that the deaths in that period, from all causes, were 14,107,
from consumption 4,087, and a list of five diseases, 6,423, being
more than 45 per cent. of the deaths from all causes.
The diseases here alluded to are such as exist in general in a
chronic form, frequently for many years prior to• death, but which,
on a strict medical examination, would effectually exclude the
persons so affected from the benefits of life assurance ; and since
it thus appears that a majority of the population is included in this
class, the value and importance of the new feature of this society
cannot fail to be justly appreciated.
The second point to be explained is the fact that there is
much less risk in assuring diseased lives. This is a feature of
paramount and vital importance to the interests of this society, and
deserves to be carefully considered.
The real risk incurred in all assurance transactions consists in
the chance to which an office is liable of experiencing a different
degree of mortality from that expected by the tabjes on which its
caculations are founded. This difference is4ermed the fluctuation
of mortality, and will be found to be much less among diseased
lives than over the general population, and among selected lives.
The deaths from consumption>in the metropolis per annum are
sufficiemly near the annual number which takes place in Glasgow,
from all causes, to admit of a comparison, and by reducing the
matter to figures it is found that while the fluctuation per annum
in the latter case is as high as 45 per cent., in the former it is only
9 per cent., or, in other words, the fluctuation of mortality in
consumption was only one-fifth of the other ; and in Manchester,
Liverpool, and Birmingham, even with the disadvantage of
smaller numbers, the fluctuation does not exceed 3 per cent.,
showing a remarkable uniformity in the law which determines the
mortality of this disease, and that it is more positive and absolute
in its results than that which regulates the general population.
Consumption has here been selected, not because it was 'consi-
dered more favourable in its results, but simply on account of the
larger numbers affording a more satisfactory proof of the question
under consideration; but the same test has been applied to a great
number of other diseases, and like results obtained. Among nine
diseases in the metropolis, including asthma, dropsy, rheumatism,
disease of the liver, of the heart, of the nervous system, &c., the
fluctuation was only 7} per cet.t., and in five diseases in a different
district the fluctuation was about 7 per cent., while among eleven
in another locality, and even with small numbers. the fluctuation
did not exceed 6.2 per cent. ; and taking the principal towns in
England, including Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Leeds,
Sheffield, &c., the fluctuation over eleven of the more Important
diseases-was 6'4 per cent.

The remarkable uniformity in these results cannot fail to pro.
duce a conviction of the positive character of the law of mortality
in disease; indeed, there seems to be nothing within the whole
range of the doctrine of probabilities so well defined as the mor-
tality of diseased lives. The mortality of the general population
has frequently been referred to by writers as an example of the cer-
tainty of common events, but the preceding remarks must show with
how much greater certainty the mortality of diseased lives can be
depended on.

It is perhaps right to state, that, in applying the test of
fluctuation to disease, it has not been confined to one place or
class of lives, but has been extended to the principal towns in
England and Scotland, as well as to many rural districts in Eng-
land, and included the experience of one or two large societies of
select lives. This has afforded an opportunity. of judging of the
effects of locality and its sanatory condition on the duraticn of
life, and a remarkable fact has thus been developed, viz.,
that the value of life generally is much greater in the coun.
try districts than in large cities; but that of those persons
who suffer from disease the value of life Is nearly the same. As
an example of this--the expectation at the age of 30 in the country
districts is 36.7 years; in cities (viz., Glasgow) 27.6 years--diffe-
rence 23 per cent, nearly ; but take the case of persona of that
age in whom the consumptive tendency is developed, and who will
ultimately dieof consumption, and their expectati,m of life in the
counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk, will be found to be 14'5,
in cities (Glasgow) 14'4, and in the metropolis, Manchester, Bir-
mingham, 13.9; difference 'Ol7 per cent. (or 1.57 per cent.) It
therefore appears that while the difference between country and
town life in the former case is about 33 per cent., that in the latter
instance (consumption) the difference is almost nothing, and the
results nearly uniform. The same thing holds good with some
other diseases, which have been investigated in this manner. This
faci, although not generally understood, is only what might have
been expected by a careful consideration of the conclusion formerly
arrived at—that the fluctuation of the law of mortality in disease
is confined within a very narrow limit, and consequently little in.
fluenced by external circumstances.
It hence appears that the fluctuation in the mortality of diseased
lives 'is much less than among select lives and the population gene..
rally, and therefore the risk of assuring diseased lives must also be
less. - -- _

To apply this conclusion tio the affairs of an assurance office, it
may be stated, that supposing the number of lives in a society,
taking only select lives, was such that the table of mortality would
indicate 100 deaths per annum, it would be necessary to have
alWays sufficient funds at immediate command to meet 145 deaths ;
on .the other baud, an office assuring only diseased lives need not
provide for more than 109 deaths per annum; that is to say, the
risk.of assuring diseased lives is to that of average lives as 9 to 45,
or only one•flfth. This fact is highly important to the interests of
this Society, and establishes beyond doubt the safety and correctness
of the principles on which it is founded.
For further information, reference is made to the prospectuses .
end other published documents of the Society, which may be ob.
tallied, on application at the Society's am.
F. G. F.• NtISON, Actuary.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR.
AITCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital.Zsoo,ooo.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
The many novel and varied advantages bestowed by this Institu-
tion, both in its life assurance and deferred annuity departments, par-
ticularly the power to borrow two-thirds of premiums without ex-
pense or forfeiture—the great reduction of rates on short policies—
the option of selecting benefits and converting policies so as best to
suit the interest or necessity of the policy-holder during life, as well
as to afford the full benefit to his family at death, and annual division
of profits, have already been so well appreciated by the public, that
the Society's great success and growing prosperity enabled the Di-
rectors, at their General Meeting in May last, to add to each policy
ou the profit scale a bonus averaging llfly-five per cent. on the
amount already invested ; an 4 this bonus, according to au equitable
scale, may either be paid in cash, or .applied In reduction of future
premiums .

EXAMPLES,

Entry. Policy. " Q„„‘ _Aim& Bonus
No. '4°e* Prem. Added.
£ £ s.d. £ s.d.
18371 39 59 1,000 67 8 4 132 14 6
1838 ll4 56 3,000 175 15 0 296 97'

Cash I Prem.
Bonus. 'Reduced

s. d. s. d.
59 19 9 8 19 4
123 0 6 16 9 7

PHILITARMONIC SOCIETY.
The FOURTH CONCERT will take place on MONDAY EVEN-
ING NEXT, when will be performed Mozart's Sym.. in E Rat, Men-
delssohn Bartholday's in —, Beethoven's Overture, Leonora Mello
(first time in these Concerts), and Spohr's Faust.
Solo Performers—Piano Forte, Mr. W. S. Bennett : Violin, 3f.
Auguste Pott. Vocalists—Mademoiselle Castellon and Herr Staudigl.
Single Tickets, One Guinea each, and Double Tickets ld. 10s. To
be had of Messrs. Cramer and Co., 201, Regent-street. •

. MUSIC OF SPAIN.
Without Extra Charge to the Public, at the
OYAL - POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
The Directors have engaged Mr. C. E. HORN, to deliver
A SERIES of LECTURES on the MUSIC of EIGHT different
NATIONS, The MUSIC of SPAIN commences on the 6th
instant, and will be continued during the week, on Monday, Wednes
day, and Friday Evenings, at Eight o'clock ; and on Tuesday, Thurs-
day, and Saturday, at Three o'clock, with VOCAL and INSTRU-
MENTAL ILLUSTRATIONS. All the other Lectures and Exhibi-
tions as usual. LONGBOTTOM'S PHYSIOSCOPE and OPAQUE
MICROSCOPE. NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS, ARMSTRONG'S
HYDRO-ELECTRIC MACHINE, &c., &c.
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.

This Day, a Second Edition, Price 35., 18mo. cloth.
THE SCOTTISH BANKER ; or, a Popular
Exposition of the Practice of Banking.
_ _ .

By W. H. LOGAN, of the National Bank of Scotland,
Washboume, 18, New Bridge-street.

Just publi,shed, price 10s, (to non-subscribers, 125.)
-VNGLISH WORKS of THOMAS HOBBES,
.41 of Malmesbury ; now first collected by Sir WILLIAM MOLES-
WORTH, Barb. Vol. 10, containing the Translation of Homer's Iliad
and Odyssey.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
Of whom may be had, the Volumes already,published of the Eng-
lish and Latin Works. Vols. 8 and 9, comprising the Translation of
Thucydides, haN;e been recently published.

THE NEW SWEDISH NOVEL.
Just published, 2 ♦ols., post Bvo., 215.,
lIE ROSE OF TISTELON.
A TALE OF THE SWEDISH COAST.
By EMILIE CARLEN.
Translated from the original Swedish.

" A story of surpassing interest—a tale of exceeding pathos and
owes."—Atlas.
" Its Swedish scenery and manners have nearly as much novelty
as in ' The Neighbours.' "—Spectator.
Such a work as Crabbe would have produced, had he written in
prose."—Court Journal.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Royal Svo. One Guinea, cloth ; morocco, 355. ; or with India proof
• Plates, Two Guineas, cloth.
11OORE'S. L ALLAH ItOOK H.
With Thirteen line Engravings, after Designs by Corbould,
Meadows, and Stephanoff, executed under Mr. Charles Heath's su-
perintendence. Twentieth Edition, elegantly printed, and hand-
somely bound and ornamented.
The 21st Edition, f 9. Svo., with Four Engravings, after WeStall's
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Also, a Now Edition (the 15th) of
MOORE'S IRISH. MELODIES.
. rep. &'o. with Vignette Title,.los. cloth; morocco, 13s. 6d.
London ; Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman.

THE- -"NEWS of the.. WORLD," a Weekly
Stamped NEWSPAPER, PRICE ONLY THREEPENCE, as
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London Weekly Newspaper. Office, 30, Holywell-street, Strand,
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It contains all the News of the week up to the latest hour of pub-
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Sent, post free, to all parts of the United Kingdom. Recollect the
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Svo. cloth, full girt back, price 45.,
rrIHE SISTERS; or, ENGLAND and FRANCE.
„A. A ROMANCE of REAL. LIFE. By H. COCKTON, Author
of !` Valentine Vox," " Stanley Thorn," &c., illustrated with 70 En-
gravings, designed by Kenny Meadows and Alfred Crowquill.
12m0., complete in 1 vol. cloth, gilt edges, with numerous Wood
Engraving, price 3s. 6d.,
THE DRAMATIC WORKS of SHAKESPEARE. With Life,
by Chalmers.

Square 16me., cloth-extra, price 3s. 6d.,
THE MOTHER'S GIFT. Being a Selection of Scripture Stories, in
Prose and Verse, illustrated with 66 Engravings on Steel.
London : G. Nodes, 331, Strand, opposite Somerset House.

Just published, Part IV., to be continued every alternate Month,
Pia BARONIAL HALLS, PICTURESQUE
j. EDIFICES, and ANCIENT CHURCHES of ENGLAND ;
from Drawings made expressly for the Work, by J. D. Harding,
G. Cattermole, S. Prout, J. Holland, F. Muller, &c. Executed in
Litho-tint, under the superintendence of Mr. Harding. With Dc.
criptive Letter-press, by S. C. HALL, F.S.A.
Each Part contains three Plates, and twelve pages of Letter-press,
interspersed with Woodcuts. PriCe, prints, Imperial quarto, SS. ;
Proofs, Colombier quarto, 7s. 6d. ; India paper, Imperial folio, 12s.
Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand. •

Just published, in Three Volumes, post octavo, price U. 1 Is. 6d.—
TALES BY A. BARRISTER.
Containing the Power of Attorney ; the Receipt ; the Pur-
chase ; the Trustee.
• Chapman and Hall, 18G, Strand

Just published, post Bvo., price 10s. 6d. cloth,
THEBOOK of SYMBOLS; or, a • Series of
Essays, Illustrative and Eiplanatory of Ancient Moral
Precepts.

Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

THE LIBRARY OF TRAVEL.
Part 1., containing 100 pages of Letter-dress, and 41 Woodcuts,
price is. 6d., •
-T 'FE 'LIBRARY of TRAVEL;
• being a Popular' Destription Of Foreign Countries, with Notices
of Scenery, National Characteristics,. Incidents, of Wayfaring and
Sojourn, Personal and Historical Sketches, Anecdotes, &c. Abun-
dantly :Illustrated with Wood Engravings. Edited by WALTER
K. KELLY.
This Work is also published in Weekly Numbersiprice 4d. each.
SYRIA and the HOLY LAND will fonn the FIRST VOLUME.
London : Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand. Orders received by all
Booksellers.

THE SCHOOL ATLAS-OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFU-
SION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.
Just published, strongly bound In cloth, with India rubber backs,
ASCHOOL ATLAS. - Modern—comprising 21
Maps, wills Index of places: Price, plain, 17s. 6d. ; co-
loured, 235. Ancient-18 Maps. Plain, 12s. ; coloured, 16s. Gd.
.ANCIENT and MODERN. Strongly half-bound in I volume.
Price, plain, 11. 7s ; coloured, N. I7s: ' • '
Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

THE. FAMILY ATLAS OF THE SOGIETY FOR THE DIFFU-
SION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.
Just published: istrongly half-bound- morocco, with India rubber backs,A FAMILY ATLAS, containing `a Selection of
54 Maps from the Society's General Atlas.. Price, plain,
21. 2s. ; coloured, 21. I Os.
Chapman and Hall, 180, Strand. "

TiE•ATLAS of the' SOCIETY for the DIF-
FUSION of USEFUL KNOWLEDGE Is no* ready, con-
taining Two Hundred'and Eighteen Mal* and a copious Index Of
Names. Price, in one volume, half-bound morocco, Cl. 17s. ; or with
the Maps coloured, Si. 14s. It.may also be had in various styles of
binding, and in two volumes, particulars of which may be obtained
of any Bookseller, or of the Publishers.
Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand. •

THE PHYSIOLOGY' OF THE PASSIONS.
" There are passions grateful to the breast,
And yet no friend to life : perhaps they please
Or to excess, and dissipate the soul,
Or while they please, torment."
Elegant pocket edition (20 engravings) price Is., by post Is. 6d.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF' THE PASSIONS,
their Purport and Control. On Chastity, its abuses and diseases
arising therefrom—on Marriage ; its duties and denials—on infeli-
citous and unproductive unions.—Law of Divorce, &c.
Dy R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D., Member of the Royal College of
Surgeons, &c.
" But happy they, the happiest of their kind,
Whom gentler stars unite ; and in one fate,
Their hearts, their fortanes, and their beings blend."
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street
Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Mann, 39, Cornkill ; and the Author, 21
Arundel-street, Strand.
At home, daily, till Two; evenings, Seven till Nine.

LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, AND ALL
DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, am
" He who in ple3sure's downy arras
Ne'er lost his health or youthfu 'charms,
A hero lives, and justly can
Exclaim, in me behold a man S"
Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 2s. ed.,
or sent by post, free, to any address, 3s. 6d.,
QELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on
VO those concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses,
and terminating in Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional
Weakness, and all those Sinkings, Anxieties; and Tremors, which
afflict the Weak, the sedentary, and the . Delicate. With Practical
Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and
Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for
their perfect Restoration
By SAMUEL L A SIERT, Consulting Surgeon,
9, BEDFORD.STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON,
Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecary's Hall, London,&c.
question,tto
t hTehme
..v.matrious positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in-
herent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented
through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such,
inm,d,oi,in,gheeoetdohredriiglytohis Essay addresses itself; and by its perusal many
,gnbfiedsenatitsiafalcfttlerinldy.a"Ljusstaiedrettdhaot admit. of no appeal even
f recommendhis work
the will
author
htolerably
iosbhev obvious
ofreolml its
o title,ate
auffbring from nervous debility and general weakness."-=Wakefield
Journal.

Published by the Author, and sold in LOIXIen by S. Gilbert, 51 and
52. Paternoster-row; Starie, 23, Tiohbome-street, quadrant, Regent
street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114 Chancery-
lane;, Gordon, 140, Leadenhall.street ; and by all Booksellers.
At home every day till Three, and from Five till Eight.

NOTICE
THE LONDON -OFFICE OF THE STAR
PACKET COMPANY IS
REMOVED FROM LONDON-BRIDGE WHARF,
TO THE
OLD SHADES PIER,
ABOVE LONDON-BRIDGE,
THE PACKET LEAVES EVERY MORNING AT
NINE.
N B. No charge for wharfage or passengers luggage.
Star-office, Thornton's Wharf, Aprill3, 1844.

•
TILE BEST MEDICINE FOR INDIGESTION.
NORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are confi-
dently recommended as a simple, but certain remedy, to all
who suffer from Indigestion, Sick Headache, Bilious and Liver Com-
plaints; they act as a powerflil tonic and gentle aperient, imparting
strength to the stomach, and composure to the nervous system.
Sold in bottles at li. lid., 2s. 9d., and I Is. each, by A. Willoughby
and Co., late B. G. Windus, 454 Bishopsgate Without ; and nearly
all Medicine Vendors.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF COMMONS, May S.
Only twenty-two Members being present when the
Speaker took the Chair, the House stood adjourned
till to-morrow.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY.
. . _

STANDARD.—The Joe Hu Humes ofParliament—
Lord Normanby in the House of Lords, and the Josephus
ipse in the House of Commons—last night raised two
debates upon the now familiar subject of Lord Ellen-
borough's recal. The Earl of Ripon in the one House,
and Sir Robert Peel in the other, resisted the produc •
tion of the correspondence between the Board of Con•
-
trol and the Court of Directors, on the ground that
a full investigation, in the absence of Lord Ellen-
borough, was impossible, and that a partial dis-
closure would be unjust to his Lordship, while any
recurrence to the dispute, before the new Governor-
General should be fixed in his high office,
must render his government more difficult,
not merely by fettering his exercise of his own
independent judgment, but by exciting ground-
less hopes in some, and groundless apprehensions in
others. The noble "Joe Hume " did not make any for-
mal motion upon which a division could be taken, and
the authentic Member for Montrose was defeated by a
majority of 197 to 21. The Whigs, as represented by
Lord Campbell in the House of Lords and Mr. Macaulay
in the House of Commons, made the most
of the opportunity to worry the Government,
afforded to them by the act of the Direc-
tors ; but, after all, with little chance of success, as we
suspect, in the opinion of the public. The Government,
it is not to be denied, are in a difficulty, but it is a diffi-
culty in the creation of which they are wholly blame-
less ; a difficulty,, in fact, of that kind which few who
haVe lived long in the world have escaped encounter-
ing at some one time or another, even in their indi-
vidual character—a difficulty analogous to that in
which men are so often involved by the " indiscretion"
or folly of those with whom they are connected by
family ties, by friendship, or business. In such a per-
plexity it is often impossible to exculpate oneself with-
out ruining the delinquent that has involved him in it,
and seriously injuring innocent parties. When this
happens, the conscientious and prudent man submits
in silence to suspicion and reproach. This is
just the 'case of the Government at present; they
wish to defend the Directors against the effect
of the enormous "indiscretion" committed in the
recal of Lord Ellenborough, and they wish to protect
India from the fatal consequences of a display of dis-
union in the governing power to which that great
empire is subjected, and they are therefore compelled
to hold back the defence of their injured col-
league. Meanwhile the Directors are, without any
su.lll intention, giving to the public the materials
of Lord Ellenborough's justification. The Morn-
ing Chronicle, evidently prompted from Leaden-
hall-street; says that the Directors were compelled to
dismiss the Governor-General because they were not
invested with any power to stop the supplies, and they
found their Governor-General too expensive. This re-
duces the quarrel to an affair of pounds, shillings, and
pence ; and it is extremely. likely that the Parlia-
ment and the public will come to a conclusion re-
specting it very different from that at which the
Directors have arrived. Under favour, we must think
that commercial men are not the best qualified to
judge of the means by which a great empire is to be
defended, or very rich men the most disinterested
upon a question of necessary taxation—we think it
even more than probable that if it had been left to the
identical twenty-three Directors who recalled Lord
Ellenborough to decide upon our own property-tax,
the revenue would not now exhibit the surplus that
happily it doss exhibit. It is only in natures of a high
order indeed,.that full pockets do not prove fatal to pro-
vidence and patriotism, if not to humanity—" crescit
anaor " &c., says the proverb. If the Directors and Lord.
10er:borough disagreed upon the batta—an extraordi-
nary allowance to be made to the gallant troops engaged
in foreign- service—we will venture to say that the
people of England will side with him whose views were
the more liberal, more especially as the withholding the
batta in question has given occasion for mutinies, the
suppression of which has cost, in money only, to say
nothing of the sacrifice of affection, more than three or
four times the batta saved.

GLOBE.—The " principles" of Sir Robert Peel are
something like the conscience of Baillie Macwheeble,'
which was described as " a good-natured conscience,
that never did him any harm." It may be said, in like
manner, of Sir Robert's " principles, that they never
do hini any harm ; for he avows that he stops short of
system, to'
sometimes an agreeable disap-
avoid collision with existing
pointment to the interests in question to discover that
Sir Robert's bark is worse than his bite ; and accord-
ingly we find Bank Stock, and Joint Stock Bank Shares,
as well as_ the Funds, showing a tendency to rise—
suspense being removed as to the weight with which
Sir Robert's paternal ferule was to descend on the cul-
prits horsed on the subministrant back of Goulburn.
we are inclined to suspect that Sir Robert Peel de-
serves the title of " the first financier of the day" in
somewhat like manner as George the Fourth deserved
that of "the first gentleman in Europe"--eamely, by
making the best imaginable bow to a subject, on first
accosting it—not by having anything particular to say
to it afterwards. if
" the first fi •
financier of the day" is
the man who can deal best with the common-place of
a subject—who can best establish what nobody in his
audience disputes—we confess his claim to the de-
signation. But we should have thought, that to
merit that title, there was required more than the ,
mere faculty to show up, at their full length, admitted
and glaring absurdities. We should have thought there
was required subtlety and acuteness to penetrate the
dark and disputed passages—the difficulties which the
subject presents to instructed persons. Sir Robert Peel
has either exercised his own mind very little on those
difficulties, or else he is diffident of his power of exposi•
tion to make them clear to other minds, or, finslly, he
has taken a contemptuous measure of those of his audi-
tors, and is determined, above all things, to avoid the
example of him, who--
" Too deep for his hearers, still went on refining,
And thought of convincing, while they thought of dining."
But we must be permitted to say that, from a statesman
who makes so much fuss about the " principles" of
a subject, we had a right to expect, on this occasion,
a luminous exposition of those principles. We had
a right to expect something more than to be told that
Sir 11. Peel differs from Adam Smith and Ricardo, ,
in their opinion that convertibility of paper currency
was sufficient to prevent over-issue; and that new lights
have been discovered since their tithe, which new lights
Sir Robert Peel follows. We have not the slightest in-
timation what those lights are, though we have a
shrewd guess at them; and could also, we think, enu-
merate those of them which are now burning in the
Bank parlour. But to be told that Sir Robert Peel
differs from. Adam • Smith and Ricardo, without ,
being told why, is . really presuming quite sufficiently
on the rms.-honoured title of " the first financier
of the day." A Minister who affects the assertion of
large " principles"—larger than he tests by practice__
incurs the obligation of giving the most complete possible
exposition of those principles. If he assumes the chair
of the public lecturer, it is incumbent on him to see that
he fills it well. Now from what lecturer on currency,
we should like to know, would be tolerated for a moment
such a skip from Brummagem and Philadelphia to con-
elusions in favour of a sole bank of issue ?—and prac-
tical propositions, not indeed going that length, but
tending in that direction ? The whole difficulty of the
subject lies—not in answering advocates of inconvertible
currency—not in expatiating on the abuses of credit,
whether on, this or the other side of the
Atlantic—but in establishing the connection of those
abuses with unrestricted liberty of issue. That connec-
tion Sir R. Peel did not even attempt to establish. He
took it for granted. But he had no right to take it for
granted. He repeated merely the results of the lesson
taught him by Old Mother Hubbard and her sons. But
the correctness of that lesson is disputed. Right or wrong,
it is disputed ; and disputed by many persons of unques-
tioned abilities, and practical knowledge of the subject.
We need only mention the names of a few of the gentlemen
examined by the last Committee. Mr. Tooke, the well-
known author of the " History pf Prices," and of a recent
able treatise on the currency principle. Mr. Stuckey, the
head of the banks of Somersetshire underhis firm, which are
described as admirably conducted, who was formerly, by
his position, in intimate communication with the late
Lord Liverpool (one of Sir Robert Peel's oracles) and Mr.
Huskissou, and was examined by,th e famous Bullion Com-
mittee. Mr. Gilbert, Mr. Alexander Blair, treasurer and
manager" of the Bank of Scotland, who mentions the
circumstance that, while there has been a great exten-
sion of banking capital, and of banking accommodation,
and of banking. competition, in Scotland' since 1826,
the amount of
,the aggregate cif culation has considerably
diminisetel. "What a commentary," observes Mr.
Tooke, 4‘ upon. the received doctrine of the power of
,
banks, to increase tneir issues of paper money as suits
theit interest or convenience; and that it IP the effeet of
the competition of banks of issue to create a vast nithss
of worthless paper I" Now, we say that the opinions
of practical men, based upon facts like tliese, and conning.

in confirmation of the views of Adam Smith and Ricardo,
are at least as well deserving of the honour of confuta-
tion as the rag money reveries of the Brummagem
Incurables, or the trash of the Gemini Letters. They
required answer the more, as they lay directly across Sir
Robert's path—contradicted the principles he has ad-
vanced, and dissuaded the restriction of issues he
proposes: It was a safer chivalry certainly to engage
the Attwood apostles in preference ; but it was net
paying (on Sir Robert's part) exactly the highest
coupliment, either-to himself, or his audience. And
what sort of relevancy had Sir Robert's citation
of the smash in America ? Remark !—the question
is not whether credit, and banking, may be abused
—but whether, with a convertible, currency, the abuse
will take the shape of over-issue of notes.. Does Sir
Robert Peel mean to, affirm that, if not one, or only
one, of these American banks had been banks of
issue—if the United States Bank .had preserved its
privileges—the loss of which- -he seems to consider
the source of the evil—the vast wreck of American
credit could thereby have been avoided ? Take Uncle
Sam as the head of a family—who went on borrowing
for years without means of paying—what does it signify
to the main fact of his ultimate smash, whether he
paid his servants and petty tradesmen, in gold or
paper ? It was not Uncle Sam's " shin-plasters,"
but his State stocks, his railway and canal shares, his
gardens of Eden in the impervious forest, and his town
lots in the eternal swamp—that did John Bull out of his
money. Sir R. Peel might as well tell us that Danae was
seduced by a shower of small notes, as that these were the
elements of corruption between us and Brother Jona-
than. We wish to heaven statesmen would try to talk less
nonsense about America. The real source of mischief
in transactions with that, as with other new countries,
is' the absurd delusion prevailing in old ones about the
enormous rates of profit there to be reaped. This is
emphatically an old country delusion ; just like the vast
value of waste lands.