The Sun.
London, England, 1828-08-27 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS.

(From the Gazette de France, dated August 25.)

Pants, AUG. 24.—Thoislands of Sapienza, near
Modon, are designated as the place of rendezvous
for -the vessels belonging to the expedition the
Mores, in case they should be dispersed by any ac-
cident.
It is calculated that, with a favourable wind, the
expedition may reach the Morea by.the.end .of this
month. We cannot, therefore, hope to receive the
news of its arrival earlier than between the 10th and
15th of September, assuming all the chances to be
in its favour.
hay just lost Dr. Gall,
Science and Philosophy
That illustrious physician died on Friday eVening,
after a long and severe illness, at his country house
at Mon trouge. ,

(From the Message). des. Chambres, AUG. 2.4.)
PARIS, AuG. 23.--,We are able to affirm, that at
the moment of our going to press, no information has
arrived directly at Parts, which can give us rea-
son to believe the news that has been circulated
this morning, of a defeat of the Russian army before
Chourtda.

We repeat it, every measure has been taken that
such bulletins as are of a paramount importance,
shall come direct to Paris; and the public may be
assured that they will. be immediately published,
whatever may be their contents.
We have no need again to wain our readers
against the news in the bulletins which the German,
fourrials published upon the present war, even
though they should bear the title of official. We
have not yet forgotten the famous bulletin reported
to have been extract from a German Journal, in
which it never appOed. A Journal expresses sur-
prise that the Russian army has not attaked
clounda, from which it infers that it must have suf-
fered great lasses. It seems to us that the attack of
so formidable a position must have required a consi-
derable development of force, and consequently the
concentration of the several corps of the Russian
army in one point, which cannot be expected in a
few days.
The Moulton' contains a Royal Ordonnatice, re-
lative to the proceedings in.attnual causes in French
Guiana.

(From the Constitntionnel.)
PARIS, AUG. 21.---A new Commission has been
formed to inquire into the means of restoring the
reads throughout France : this is an object of the
very highest importance. For a long time the de-
terioration of our roads had been a subject of com-
plaint; between villages there is no communication;
but M. de Villele, in shutting his ears to the com-
plaints, thought at the same time to shut the eyes
of all France. He accused public opinion of injus-
tice, and maintained that our roads were the best
possible. The present Minister declares that it is tie-
cesary to check the progress of destruction, and to
guarantee against complete ruin these powerful
means of augmenting wealth and prosperity. The
report of M. de Martignac is the most severe, epi-
gram which has yet been made on M. de Corbiere.

(From the Courier Francais.)
PAHIS, AUG. 24.—The German Journals which
arrived yesterday brought no news of importance
from the theatre of war. The last . bulletins an-
nounce that the Russian army was concentrating
itself before Choumla, and that this important post
would be speedily attacked. These bulletins are
dated July 16, and we might now have news from
there of August 1. That none has arrived excites
surprise, and has occasioned rumours that the Rus-
sians had sustained a defeat on attacking Choumla.
These rumours rest at present on no authority what-
ever ; they are plainly an induction from the proba-
bility of a battle, and from the fact that the Rus-
sians would have hastened to make known theis
success had they been successful. Without ad-
mitting the correctness of this conclusion, we
must say that hitherto their operations have
not been so decisive arid rapid as might have
been expected from the number of their. troops
end their immense preparations. Their Gene-
rals appear not to.• have profited by thes in-
structions of Napoleon. The i/iirtpaign began
briskly, but the resistance met with at Braila seems
to have brought back the Russian Generals to the
system
of circumspection followed in the campaigns
of 1810 and 1811. At that time the system was
explained by the numerical weakness of the Russians
and by the hesitation of the Generals whom defeat
might subject to disgrace. Now the Russian army
is as formidable from its numbers as from itsbravery,
discipline, and. skill. The Emperor is presents and
the General cannot fear being misrepresented at
Court. What, then, delays the Russians ? Are
the Turks more numerous and resolute- than was
expected ? The news from the East has, represented
army as weak, and the population of the coun-
try as indifferent to what was :going on. Are the
difficulties of the country great ? . The want of re-
sources, the heat, of'the climate, and the ill health of
the army, perhaps renders the opetat:ons slow. Hither-
to the Russian bulletins have told us chiefly of ad-
vantages obtained, and of the probabilities of success;
but if these probabilities are not realized, we must soon
be told of the difficulties which could not be over-
come. It is certain that the success of the Russians
has not equalled the expectations of Europe. Their
principal forces are stopped by Varna and Choumla ;
the fortresses on the Danube resist, and the garri-
sons act on the offensive against the troops be-
sieging them. If the campaign continues to pro-
ceed so slowly, and if the Russian bulletins are not
strongly marked by exaggeration, the army of ksia
will have accomplished: its task before that com-
manded by the Emperor. ..
Letters from Vienna, arrived to-day, say, " That
the Russian armyshas given up the idea of carry-
ing Choumla by assault,:and is to blockade it.--
The blockade will be long, if , we may judge from
the obstinacy with which the Turks-defended it in
1811. The camp which the Vizier bad so boldly
formed on the' left bank of the Danube—the :prey
both of famine and disease, they defended every
.itich
of a situation that was actually ploughed by the Rus-
sian bullets.. The blockade of Choumla may last till the
rainy season, and then the campaign will be finished..
The Turks will have time to recruit their :courage,
and to arm themselves; and Constantinople, saved
this year, stands a better chance of being preserved.
the next. The adjournment also of the Russian plans
may have some influence on the situation of the
corps which we are sending to the Mores. The
Sultan, secure of his capital for some months, may
send troops to Greece to dispute its possession with
us. The Duke of Wellington's Ministry. will be
delivered of a great source of uneasiners, and, events
may marvellously supply the want of ability, but
we are not authorised to rejoice. The Emperor of
Russia knows that the eyes of Europe are fixed on
him ; he knows of what importance it will be to his
political reputation and power, that an expedition,
begun with so. much parade, should not terminate
in an obscure manner. Before,
.he gives up such a
proceeding, a great efforts taint be made, and an
effort made by such an ..asiy as his will overcome
many obstacles. At the. very time when it is sup-
posed that the Russian army is stopped at Choumla,
it has perhaps captUred this bulwark of the Balkan.
This news, like a clap of thunder, may destroy the
last hopes of the Turks, and of those who put up
prayers for the preservation of their political exist-
ence.
The Superior Council of War
.Coiitinues to oc-
cupy itself with the new organization of the army.
We are to have, like the Prussians and other Powers,
an active army and an army or reserve, the dtiraiitin
of the service in the active army to be litnited'io'
three years. The different corps off,t,lta aroly or
reserve will be divided into various lerritorhd tsc,rs
lions, and will be collected once a year, dUring one
month, to be exercised. The active army will 're-
main 200,000 men strong, not including the gendar-
merie, and the veterans. These alterations, without
adding to the expense,. will enable us to employ a
number of the officers who now only encumber our
Staff. They will give France a more iinposing ant=
tude, by creating a national army of the best ele-

ments. Combined with the National Guard) the
troops will then present a force sufficient td guarantee
the security of the country from attempts made either
at home or abroad,.

A lewd. from Toulon, of the 17th, contains what
follows :—" At length the tempest is lulled, and
the expedition sailed this morning, at eight o'clock.
The 'Wind is light, but contrary, and the ships get
slowly out to sea. At this moment (noon) they are,
hardly out of the harbour, and no doubt will be seen
till night. ,All the people, in order to witness the
magnificent spectacle, posted themselves on heights
Dear the fort of Lamalgue. Nothing can be more
majestic, more imposing, than the sailing of these
60 vessels, among which the four frigates, arid the
Ville de Marseilles, of the line, hay in, on board the
Commander-in-Chief, are visible. The fleet saluted
with music, arid was answered by the acclamations
of the people. Cheers resounded both on board
the ships and among the spectators. The accents
of enthusiasm were mixed with those of grief.
Mothers, wives, brothers, friends, eagerly Sought.to
recognize the objects of their afrectious, and give
them a last adieu. I know not whether 'the scene
were more sublime or affecting. Add to it the seri-
titnent of glory belonging to the mission On 'which
our soldiers are going, and it seems that France is
re-animated.

- -
RUSSIAN FINANCE.

ST. PETERBURGII, JULY 27, 1,828, 4).3. (AUG. 8.)

The Council of the Credit Establishments having
assembled on the 18th of this month for the purpose
of revising the accounts of those establishments, con-
formably to the orders contained in the Imperial
Manifest of the 7th May, 1827, the Minister of
Finance, General de Cancrine, opened the Session
by the following speech
" Gentlemen,—The moment has arrived for lay-
ing before you the accounts of the establishments of
credit for the year 1827. . . . .

" On entering into similar explanations relative
to the accounts of 1826, on a former occasion, I had
the honour of stating to you at length the results of
the system 'of credit adopted by us, and the advan-
tageous influence they operated in the public mind
in regard to those establishments.
" Not only the year 1827, the accounts of which are
now submitted to you, does not manifest in that re-
spect any disadvantage, but even during the war
with Persia the price of our funds underwent no
.considerable alteration.

" Meanwhile, a remarkable- event was preparing
in Europe, which, though properly belongs to
the statements of the next year, I ca:n►ot consent to
pass over in silence. Peace, which for years was
spreading its salutary effects among the- civilized
world,' has been broken, in spite of all our efforts
to prmrve it; and a war has taken place, which
will probably not be of long duration, but which,
judging from the past, we might suppose' capable of
affecting our financial operations on credit.
" But the solidity of our credit has been demon-
strated by fads themselves. The pike of our funds
winch underwent some fluctuations previous to the
war, has become consolidated from the moment that
uncertainty ceased, and it has moreover sensibly
risen. The rate of our exchange, which depends
on commercial occurrences, has also undergone no
variations of the' least importance. These' results
are to he attributed to the confidence placed in the
integrity of our intentions, and in the solidity of
our finances.

The expenses of the war have been defrayed
entirely by our own means, and especially by the
.reserve capital of the redemption funds, which, far
from having been exhausted, was considerably in-
creased by the sums received from the Persian Go-
vernment. We may, therefore, look upon the pro-
traction of the war which has recently commenced
without uneasiness; and in no possible case will the
payments affected to the national credit be subjected
to the smallest doubt.

" After having entered into these general obser-
vations, I lay before you, gentlemen, the detailed
expos; of the accounts of our establishments of credit.

"COMMISSION OF REDEMPTION.

" In the course of 1827 there has been no parti-
cular occurrence in the commission of redemption.
No new debts have been inscribed during that year
in the register, and of the old ones, a debt of the
Commercial Bank has been converted into perpe-
tual annuities; it amounted to 19,609,000 roubles
in paper. Old credits of the Crown have, more-
over, been converted into perpetual annuities, and
inscribed for the sum of 23,700 roubles in silver, and
813,100 roubles in paper.
" After these conversion,, and the payments and
repurehases effected during the year 1827, the public
debt presented, on the Ist of January, 1828, the
following quotas
" The Dutch debt consisted in 89,600,000 flo-
rins, of which 45,600,000 for the account of Russia.

" DEBT. AT TERM.
2,332,000 roubles in silver.
"27,558,413 roubles 60 cop. in paper.
Debts in perpetual annuities at 6 per cent. interest, com-
prising the unredeemable ones :-
11,220 roubles in gal.
7,055,752 roubles 94 cop. in silver.
236,148,211 roubles in paper.
" Debts in perpetual annuities at 6 per cent. :-
70,980,180 roubles in silver.

" Total of debts at term, and in perpetual annuities, on the
Ist of January, 1828 :-
652,396,012 rouliles 46 cop. in paper.

_ .
" Pp to the Ist of January, 1828, the commission had re-
' purchased in perpetual annuities at 6 per cent.,-
- 8,700 roubles in gold.
2,760,200 in silver.
• 55,302,540 in paper.
"At 3 per cent., 12,125,820 in silver.
" The Commission has received in 1527, in order to
meet its engagements, the effectual suns: of 49,091,964
roubles 70 cop. in paper, which, after• being partially con
verted in metallic currency, formed, with the residues of the
preceding years, and the sums proceeding from other sources,
and added to it, a total of
2,082 roubles 20 cop. in gold.
9,343,815 50 —in silver.
33,506,034 —72 i% —in paper.

" Out of these sums have been employed, in 1817, in
payment of the Dutch debt, anti fo►mer debts at tern►,
capital awl interest-
-253,119 roubles 99 cop. in silver.
8,388,253 65 in paper.
" Have been applied to the redeeming funds--
716 roubles in gold.
1,610,257 in silver.
3,258,682 17-i cop. in paper.
" There have been paid on the perpetual annuities at 6
per cent—

• 1,072 roubles 20 cop. in gold.
442,869 —17 l in silver.
13;617,147 —60 i in paper.
At spercent. 2,112,875 in silver.
" Ia consequence of the non-apparition of creditors, and
agreements for transferring payments to 1828, remain to
be paid—
On the 6 per cents. 264 roubles in gold.
• 193,884 —96 i in silver.
6,202,431 68 —in paper.
On the 5 per cents. 3,674,049 roubles in silver.
including 8,662,460 roubles with the banker Rothschild,
relative to the payMent of which no information bas been
yet received.
" In liquidation of debts inscribed in 1827, in the com-
mission, in lieu of bonds, paymects in ready money have
been made to the creditors of the war departments and
in capital and interests
other administr2sa,tsiotn
3s' .
roubles 54- cop. in silver. •

•
1,412,85635 --3 n paper.
" On the sums which composed the redemption fund in
1827 have been employed— •
2,461,851 roubles 63 cop. in silver.
395,495 -- in paper.
" Have been moreover applied to the military paymenti-
-200,000 roubles in paper.
• "In all, debts to the amount of 11,064,314 roubles,
134 cop. in paper have been paid.
• - • " BANK OF ASSIGNMENTS.
" In 1827, as in the preceding years, the mass of the
paper medium has undergone no change, end amounted on
•tha lat of January, 11118, to 595,776,310 roubles.
LOAN BANK.

" Although the loans on security were numerous
in 1827, the great increase in the 'deposit of capitals
made in the credit ( stablishments has considerably
added to the fends of the banks. The cause of this

accumulation is to be attributed to the circumstance
of its being generally acknowledged that the decline
in the prices of all productions having weakened the
pecuniary operations, a great number of capitals
which necessarily became inactive have sought em-
ployment in banks. This circumstance induced the
Government to borrow, as on preceding occasions,
sums destined to the construction of works, and to
establishments of general utility, 6,700,000 roubles
have, besides, been borrowed for such of the wc-
pences of the war as required the use of paper cur-
rency. Private loans, however, have thereby suffered
no retardjand, as in former times, they afforded the
means of employing capitals which remained with-
aut other employment, especially in the commercial
Bank.

" The new disbursements (allegements) in favour
of the borrowers, which had been submitted to your
deliberation in 1827, have been examined by the
Council of the_ Empire, approved by the Emperor,
autl.put into
.execution In the present year. Pre-
vious to their introduction, the number of .unpunc-
tual debtors, especially those
,whese debts are secut,
ed on landed property, was not very consider-
able ; there is reason to hope that it will continue
• " In the course of 1827, the Bank has received in
deposits, bearing interest, the sum of 8,137 roubles
70 copecs in silver, and 60,326,217 roubles 10i cop.
in paper, which, at 51 per cent. interest, 13,000,000
of the Commercial Bank, and 3,000,000 of the Lom-
bard Bank.

".The reimbursement of deposits has amounted to
18,359 roubles 29 cop. in silver, and 45,58-1,482
roubles 973. cop. in paper.
" There have been paid in interest on these depo-
sits, and. added to the capital of those which have
not been claimed 'by their owners, at the expiration
of the annual term—

68 roubles 78 cop. in gold.
2,484 15 —in silver.
8,393,184 —27 i paper.

" The total of loans granted on divers terms of payment,
including former loans, the different terms of which have
been altered, amounts to-
-11,800 roubles in silver.
32,623,688 roubles SI cop. in paper.

"'three landed estates, inhabited by 467 peasants, and
worth 220,977 roubles 171 cop., have become the property
of the Bank.

" The premiums attached to the loans of the term of 24
years !brined-
-118 roubles in silver.
15`2,573 in paper.

. .
" In the course of 1827, fifty houses were registered at
the Bank, as insured against fire, for the value of 2,502,500
roubles. Sixty-nine, insured fur 4,572,500 roubles, were
razed out of the list. On the Ist of January, 1828, there
were 263 houses insured at the Bank for the sum of
19,117,300 roubles. _ .

" The net profit accruing to the Bank in the year 18E7
was— 971 roubles 87 cop. in gold.

1,889 54 —in silver.
1,995,735 42 in paper.
" All these operations amount, altogether, to the sum of
198,772,000 roubles.

MC= OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Paid. Per Shatr.
Anglo Mex. Min. Co. (iss. at 5/. pm.) £93
Bolanos Mining Co. £290
Brazilian Imp. Mm. Co. (iss. at W. pin.) £2Ol
United Mex. Min. Co. (las. at '2l. pm.) . 391
Hibernian Joint Stock Banking C 0.... 25

315 320
(T 7
19%
16