The Sun.
London, England, 1817-08-01 00:00:00

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FRID,3iY, AUGUST 1, 1817.

This Day Was publiShed, Bro. price 7s. 6d.

QTATENi ENT respecting the EAR[, of SEL-
K 7 KIRK'S SETTLEMENT upon the RED RIVER, in
NORTH AMERICA; its Destruction in IHIS-d; and the
Massacre of Gave► nor Scruple and his Party. With Observa-
tions upon a recent Publication, entitled " A Narrati►o of
Occurrences in the Indian Countries," &c.
Printed for J,ihn Murray. Albemarle-street.

This Day was published, price as.
THE EDINBURGH REVIEW; or, Critical
Journal. Number LV.—Contents:—
Art. t. Causes and Cure of Pani•erism..-2. Agriculture
and Statistics of Italy.-3. History of the Alarms. —4. Goetho's
Memoirs.-5. Foreign Policy of England.-6. Annual Parlia-
ments and Universal Suffrage.--7. \Vat Tyler and Mr.
Southey.—S. Transactions of the GeologiealSo6ety.-9. Tales
of My Landlord.
Printed for Archibald Constable and Co. Edinburgh; and
Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London.
Of whom may be had,
The EDINBURGH ruNIEW, from its Commencement.

regulated by accurate estimates, and well-inform-
ed judgments.
" It is proposed by some '' to bring down the
price of articles necessary to. existence, to a level
with the price and scarily of labour." Limit in.
the proposal of this object, and in the means sug-
gested for its attainment, the first principles of
political economy are overlooked. The price of
provisions bear. no necessary' relation to that of
labour ; but is wholly regulated by the supply and
demand for prorisiOns; as the price of labour is
by that for the. supply and demand for labour.—lf
the ratio of supply to demand, itt the one case,
does not 'coincide with the saute ratio in the
other, it will be impossible to adjust the price of
the former to the level of the-latter ; and any at-
tempt -to do so; by-legislative enactment,. or pri—
vate combination, will only enhance the evil.
On this subject, as on most others connected with
politics, the great Burke may be regarded as, an
oracle next to infallible. He •ays, in his Thoughts
and Details on Scarcity, "The balance between
consosoption and production makes price. The
market settles attl-ean alone settfrailiTprice.--
Aarket is the meeting and conference of tt‘e Con-;
sumer and Producer, when they mutually discover
each other's wants. Nobody, I bi•lit.ee,.has,ob.
served, with any reflection, what-Market is with-
oot being astonished at the truth, the. correctness,
the celerity, the general equity, with which the.
balance of wants is settled. They who wish the
destruction of that balance, and woohi fain, by
arbitrary regulation, decree, that defective pro-
duction should not be compensated by increased
price, directly lay their -axe to the •root of. pro-

duction itself."
" It is ohketed that the middle men combined .!
ro raise the price of corn, during the whole of
last wirer. The assertion is utterly unsupported •
by proof, and equally inconsistent with probabi-
lity. to few individuals may doubtless agree, in
any trade, not to injure each other by cotnpeti-
riou but in a trade so extremely extensive as the
Corn Trade of the British Empire, it is not very
likely .that such agreements can much affect the
general state of the market. Well, but lath vidnals
keep back their stocks from the markets. To be
sure they do, in corn, as well as in every thing
else, so long as they think it for their own inte-
rest : and does any body expect, that buying and
selling can be carried on in the world upon any
other principle ? " Men are tempted," says a
profound and elegant writer on the History of
Civil Society, " to labour, aril to practise •Incra-
tive arts, by motives of interest: Secure to the
workrnAn (or trader) the fruits, of his industry ;
give him the prospects of independence and free-
dom ; the Public has found a faithful Minister in
the acquisition of wealth, and a faithful Steward
in the hoarding what he has gained." 'J'he ro-
mance of social life would soon come to a very tra-
gical denoument, if it were to be conducted only
be di,intersted Meahnen, and -serithnental Millers.
It is however asserted, that some of - thitse factors
who have kept their stare-houses closed, " will
now nearly be ruined ;" and that " one firm will
infalibly lose sixty thousand pounds upon its stock
in hand."' This may prove, that the individuals
in question have speculated injudiciously ; • but it
would have been much worse for the, Public, if
they had not speculated at all. To be sure, when
the corn trade was'in a rude and barbarous state,
no man ever lost sixty thousand pounds by deal-
ing in that commodity ; but the country at large
suffered frequent famines, such as have not oc-
curred in Englaud for the last 350 year!. Before
that period, it was not uncommon foe great num-
bers of people in a year of scarcity to die of abso-
lute hunger, nor for many thousands more to Pe-
rish of the plagues and pestilences which always
followed in the train of famine.
" We have spoken thus much in favour of the
freedom of commerce ; because to all practicable;
that is to al! real freedom, we are sincere unvary-
ing friends. rt often falls to our lot to expose
the folly, or worse motives of some pretended
friends to Freedom ; but where we can distinctly
perceive that the exercises of power have no ten-
dency to promote the interests or happiness of
mankind, we shall feel it a duty to argue against
them, even 'in opposition to writers for whose ge-
neral sentiments we may entertain considerable
respect."

WINDSOR, JULY 31.—About 4 o'clock in the
afternoon, the Queer:, accompanied by the Prin-
cesses and the Lathes in \Waiting, visited Lord and
Lady ASHBROOKE, at Beaumont-lodge, bear Old
Windsor, where the Royal guests and a select
party partook of a sumptuous dinner prepared for
them.
THE REGENT'S CLASSICS.—We obse.rve with
much satisfaction, the Continuation of this beau-
tiful work front- the WEYBRIDGE PRESS 01 MR.
HAMILTON. The edition of TACITUs, in three
voltiones, which has just appeared, is as chaste a
Specimen of ENGLISH PNINTING as the most es•
teemed of any that we have ever • seen, and the
whole work is admitted to be as correct in the
Text as in the Printing.—The series vousists of
HORACE, VIRGIL, TERENCE, JUYENAL and Pali-
SIUS, LUCAN, with the Supplement, OVID, MAR-
TIAL, CATULLUS, TIBULLUS and PROPERTIUS,
CIESxR, With HIRTIO, &c. and lastly, TAClTUS—
hulking together fourteen volumes, which, in.
hoards, are obtained at a eery low price. The
size of-the work is admirably adapted to the con-
venience of Travellers, who are admirers of these
elegant and powerful writers, the whole occupy-
ing only a very small space. Wu trust that PUB-
LIC ENCOURAGEMENT Will enable the Proprietors
to proemd with' the other Latin Writers, so that
this series, which has been most correctly and
appropriately designated " THE REGENT'S
CLASSICS, :toy forma Complete Collection of their
Ndirks..

•

4,!!Cf

[PArcr SEVENPENCE;

OFFICIAL AIC'COUNT OF THE DEFEAT OF
THU INSURGENT ARMY.

,
'From the Brazilian Journal, called The Golden Age, of
May 30. J
• .
BAHIA;

A thousand congratulations, a thousand glOrle":§,,

to Bahia, and to all the faithful suilik.cts of li.!*
Most Faithful. MAjesty the King, our Lood
ihonsand congratulations, and a thousand ,y,lori '
cS
And why ? Because the soldiers of Bahia have
been teal Scipios, not merely in name, but in
deed.

On tl►e night before ycsterday, there arribecV
here the dispatches of Major-General Nlello,
who completely. destroyed the cciebrw.ed division
of.the South, if such a 'title be indeed tneri►ed by

those Mild and obstinate rebels who sallied frot;
Pcrilanibkico to attack our troops, whom they
knew to be at Serinliacat.

There arrived 31.0 two standards, of which the
one, that, isju the best condition, was immediately
sent to flit) tle,Janeiro, by the Lieutenant Coitinel
Cosme.llainiao (tat:out:a Fiche, in order to be laid
as the foot of the throne.
It would till many ,pdges to describe the loyal
rapture of this city on the night of the art ival of

this most fortunate news, which, covers us with
so much glory. The city was illuminated, and
no one could' sleep all night for the sound_ of
bombs and rockets, together with the merry notes
of singers and musicians.
The indefatigable zeal and activity oft he Judge,
Dr. Jourdan, and of the respective members of
the Senate, prepared, us if by enchantment, dur-
ing the night, a grand fete in the College which
nerves fur a -Cathedral. At mid-day, yesterday,
the church appeared in full decoration, the mu-
sics sounded.; and there was the most nume-
rous assemblage that could be collected, crown-
ed by the amiable presence of his Excellency
the Conde dos Arena. On a sudden the Royal
Preacher and Protessor of Philosophy, Ignacio
Jose do Macedo, ascended the pulpit, and
began a thanksgiving sermon; with the following
words 'from the 43d Psalm': In nomire teqcontem-
nemus insurgentes nobis. He said that the ob-
ject of his discourse was to kindle one mole spark
in the general flame of gratitude and joy with
which the• whole Assembly glowed ; and Mixing
the precepts of moral and political philosophy
with ti;e dogmas of religion, he showed how great
were the dangers of liberty when ill understood
and that in the moral system, as well as in the

)ysical, there must be a common and legitimate

centre of attraction and subordination, by which
alone nations can be happy and tranquil. He coni- •
pared in all points of possible resemblance, the
insurrection of Pernambuco with the insurrection

of the ungrateful Israelites against David, the
best King -of Judah. He compared the prmlenCe
and zeal of our Government ‘vith the prudence and
zeal of General Abner and Joab, the beloved blends
of King David ; and he adorned his subject
.with
ali those beauties of erudition whieb b s narrow

limits of time permitted. When the sermon was
over, Te Deum succeeded, which was followed by
a long volley, and by salutes from some ships in
the harbour. The Most Illustrious and Reverend
Vicar of the Chapter performed the l'e Dean: in
conjunction with his Chapter.
We have not time to relate with exact accuracy
all the circumstances of the victory, and we can
only give the following Extract, which is put to-
gether in the best order that we are able :
On the" 12th intelligence reached Serinhaem,
that the Insurgents intended to attack the ad-
vanced guard of our army, posted near the works
of Ciriro Cavalcante. In consequence, on the
13th, the army mambo', and took up its positions
in the works of l'endoba Grande and 'Peguena.
On the 14th, the plan of attack was arranged, and
On the 15th, at 11 o'clock in the morning, Major
Salvador marched with a force destined to occupy
the Pojaca, which he in fact occupied, but was
exposed afterwards to all the fire of the enemy.
At half past five in the afternoon, the main body -
of the army arrived, and came to action in the
place called Guerra, having Major Gordolpo in
from, and Captain Paula,, who commanded the
artillery, and began the firing. The action lasted
till night, and the two Majors Salvador and Gar-
dolpo were much distinguished. In the course of
the night the insurgents dispersed, and were pur-
sued by detachment a commanded by
Brigarte-
major D. rods, and by the Captains Hermogelies,
Manuel Duarte Argollo, and Jose Felix; and all.
their positions having been abandoned in hasty
flight, there were found, in the morning, on tile
field of battle, five pieces of cannon of different
ealillre, a carronade, quantities of ammunition
and provision,. and the military chest %vitt) nearly
a million of reis-. Many prisoners were taken,
and there were great numbers of killed awl
wounded ; a great part of whom were officers, and
some even leaders of the Insur;;;ents.
After this action, intelligence having arrived
that the insurgent Martins was matching at the
head of a column on Serinhaem, a body of 300
troops, under the command of the Captain of the
Militia, Penedd Antonio Jose dos Santos, was
dispatched against him, 'which completely rowed
his force, taking many prisoners, and among
others, the celebrated leader of the revolution,
Martins himself.

EXTRAORDINARY LONGEVITY.—In one family,
five brothers and one sister, Mrs. BURGESS, dine-d
together last week, at her house, the liight Bells,
in King-street, Canterbury, whose ages amounted
to 442 years, viz.:—
Mrs Burgess - - 80 Andrew Smith - • -72
John Smith - -78 Benj. Smith - • •CO
Edward Smith --7 G Henry Smith - - -ti
The youngest brother has 32 grand children /Mit
seven great grand-children.

1-1
A
5t 177-
'ice
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AMERICAN PAPER&

BOSTON, Jtnizz 17.

NORTLIEUN

The (linty of the Commisbioners wider the 'fifth
lA.:tete of the hie Treaty of Peace, is to fix the
bo ,ndary line front the monument already esta-
blished at the :mace of the 6t. Croix to flue high
lands between the waters of the Si. 'Lawrence,
anti those that tall t!iteetly into the Atlantic,
thence a'ounog Hue height of land to the source eef
the Conneelicllt river, and alter deiuctoling said
river to tl:c 45th, degree of latitude; altni • -that
parallel. of htitude to the St. Lavt r,mce.
We iielieve that, Unfit -very lately, the.e bus rived Pint nue
interpretation of the language of the Treaty ut 17e3, iu de-
scribing this part ut tae boundary line ut. the United States.
Al that appeared to hr waiting that the c,,untry should
tie surveyed, and the line designiitid, by fixed limit mark. .
bill now we understand that a new clam* has been set up by
some people is the British Provinces, of a large tract of
hind which has heretofore been '.:,uppostl to belong to the
district of Maine. Whether this claim is urged by the agents
of the British- Government, We are nut intormed. They pre-
tend that the high lands intended in the Treaty as• forming
the northern lioundary of Maine, are those which lie south
of the river St. John, and not the ridge between the St. John
and the St. Lawrence. _

The Treaty thus desmihes the Northern, boundary of the
Maine : " Along the said high Nadi which divide those rivers
that empty themselves into she river St. Lawrence from those
'fall into the A laotic Ocean to the north-westernmost
head of Connecticut river." Colonel Botiehette, in Isis late
elaborate and valuable work upon Lower Canada, maintains
that, by the riven that' fall inn the "'Mantic, are tileaut those
that fall itircctly into the Ocean, to the exclusion of St. Joku,
which falls into the bay of Fundy, and that the boundary line,
instead of running trout the source of the Connecticut, north-
westerly along the ni,tiii ri4fge nearly" parallel with St. Law-
tenor, 6Ught rutt ntatly lit on easterly direction, on A se-
coliddry ridge south of the. Waters of time Nt. tun it it is
intersected by the astronomical line rosining north tram the
source of the St.. Croix. This appears to he a very straitened
construction of the treaty, amt we presume will never be ad-
mitted as the true cousti tut:ion of that instrument. _

- The lute between Lower Canada and the States a Verinont
and New York was established by actual measurement, in
pursttatif.v of yellers from the Governments of the Pr •.riucet:
of New York and Quehee, in 1771, 2,3, and 4, from a moon-
meta fixed em the Western bank of the Connecticut, to an-
ot her' at. the- village. of St. Regis, on the St. Lawrence, a
distance of I 4ai miles. It is admitted that this is in some re-
spects irregular, and deviates sometimes to the North anal
sometimes to the South, from tile course in wisich it uas
itt-
seniletl to he run. It has also been repeatedly asserted, that
the 'position. ot the monument tit theConnectient is nut rizta.
Dr. Wit,LiAms maintained tinit it was some Miles- tun tar
South; and Colonel lloucu LITE, ou the contrary, contends
that it is more V.:WI three miles too far North.

Whether it is intended to revise and ton anew
this line, which has been considered as establish-
calor more than forty years, we are not informed.
Tbc following notice of the proceedings of the
Commissioners who lately convened in this town,
is from the. Boston !ntelligeacer of Saturday last :