The Sun.
London, England, 1828-07-21 00:00:00

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.

LIVERPOOL, JULY 19.—There continues a fait-
demand for British Plantation Sugar; the sales this
week exceed 1,300 hhds. at steady prices, except for-
the brown and low middling qualities, which we:
quote Is. per cwt. lower. Nothing done in Bengal
Sugar. About 430 boxes good brown and yellow
Havannah have been sold at 325. Gd. per cwt..—
West India Molasses remain rather dull; 150
punehs. Demerara have, however, been disposed of
at 245. 9d. to 255. Gd. per cwt. The coffee market
continues iH the same inactive state, the demand
being chiefly still confined to the home trade, for
which some parcels of Jamaica have been taken at
former rates, and 600 bags of Havannah with much
colour for export at 365. to 38s. per cwt. In Cocoa
and Ginger nothing done. Pimento is in partial de-
mand, and 200 bags have been sold at Bd. per lb.
for fair quality. Rum continues steady, but the
sales are limited.

The demand for Cotton has continued very steady,
although rather less animated during the last two
days than in the early part of the week. Our last
quotations have been fully maintained in all desciip.
tons, and the sales amount to 16,570 bags, consist-
ing of

S3lO Mowed, at sid. to '70., chicly at 6ld. to 6FI. 11t
middling to good fair.
1990 Orleans, at 6d. toed., chiefly at 71d. to 74d. for good
fair and good. N -
5990 Mobile and Alabama, at and. to '7d.
90 Sea Island, at 143 d. to 15A-d. (20 at 20Ad.)
350 Peraambare, at ed. to La
760 Maranham, at 72A. to a4d.
32e Bahia, at lid. to 7p.
60 Para, at
200 Egyptian, at SO. to 9d.
40 Demerara, at tel.
10 Carthagena, at sd.
250 Surat, at 4d. to 41d.
About 2500 bags American have been taken on specu-
lation, and 500 American for export. The arrivals are
20,492 bags.
We have no particular change to notice in the
state of our market for Tobacco, the demand con-,
tinning dull. Of Carolina Rice about 100 tees,
have been taken at 16s. 3d. to 17s. 6d., and of East
India 1,120 bags from 13s. to 14s. per cwt. Owing
to the unsettled state of the weather at the close of
last week, the holders of Grain generally, advanced
their prices, and many parcels of Wheat and Oats
changed hands at an improvement of 3d. to 4d. per
701bs. on Wheat, and Id. to 2d. per 45Ibs. on Oats ;
since then the weather has become more settled, and
the advance has scarcely been maintained, as the
dealers buy very sparingly. Some cargoes of foreign
Wheat in bond have been disposed of at 4s. 6d. per
701bs. Fresh parcels of American Flour continue
to he taken for export at full prices. Vesy few sales
have occurred in Quercitron Bark. We t'ap'e to
notice a reduction of Gd. per cwt. in the prices" of
Turpentine, about 1,600 barrels of good quality
having been disposed of at 10s. Od. to I Is. per cwt.
Baltic Tar has also been in good request, 8,200 brls.
having found buyers at 13s. per brl. Some of the
new importation of Ashes from Canada having been
brought forward by auction, and the holders showing
a disposition to press sales, a decline of 6d. to
has been submitted to; the sales of the week have
been very limited, amounting to only 215 brls,
Montreal Pot, 200 of which, of the brand 1828,
sold at 295. 3d. to 30s. the remainder old at 275. Gd.
per cwt. There have been no sales made in United
States Ashes, nor in any description of Pearl Ashes.
The transactions in Dyewoods have been mote
considerable than for some time past; of Logwood
the sales have been 460 tons, nearly all for export,
at 71. in bond, with small lots for home use at
71. 7e. 6d. to 71. 10s. per ton. Fustic has also been
much sought after; 100 tons Carthagena have
brought 6/. 2s. 6d., 100 tons of Maracaibo, 61., and
20 tons 61. ss. per ton. A parcel of 110 tons film',
fresh Tampico brought Si. to Si. 3s. per ton off the
quay. Small sales only have been made in Nica-
ragua Wood--The sales in Indigo have been on a
limited scale.-Cochineal sells slowly at our quota-
tions, but the stock is reduced to a small compass.
-Cream of Tartar is inquired for, but at rather
lower prices than the holders are disposed to take.-
Argols of the low and middling descriptions are it,
fair request.-There is more inquiry for Safflower of
fine quality, which, in consequence of its scarcity,
brings an advance of 1/. to 2/. par cwt.-Shumac
goes off steadily, without any improvement in
prices.-Madders are in fair demand, but for Madder
Roots there is scarcely any inquiry.-The large ar-
rivals of Gum Senegal have rendered this article
dull of sale, and prices are in some degree nominal.-
Lemon and Lime Juice are neglected.-No sales ate
reported in Valonia or Oak Bark.

The demand for Olive Oil has revived, there
having been several orders from the interior, and
although we do not notice any improvement in
prices since our last, holders have become less in-
clined to sell, and some are even asking an advance :
the sales of the week are about 100 tuns, consisting'
principally of Spanish, at 291., and Trieste at 28/.
10s. to 29/., with 20 tons Gallipoli at 32/. per tun.
—Brimstone is dull of sale. Saltpetre has been
much inquired for, and upwards of 2,00 bags have
been sold from 225. 6d. up to 255. per cwt., principally
at 225. 9d. to 235. 6d. per cwt. For Palm Oil and
Tallow there is but little demand. The only sales
in Hides are 1,100 dry Rio Cow acid Ox at B)sd.,
and 230 New York salted at 4id. per lb.; besides
which 2,000 Horse Hides were sold at 10s. each.

SIR EDWARD CoDRINGTox.—We find that
at length Sir EDWARD CODRINGTON has received his recall.
This order was, it is said, issued soon after the battle of
Navarin, but qualified with the option of promotion on
the home station. We learn that the gallant Admiral,
understanding the process of fighting better than intrigue,
disliked the appearance of any compromise which might
affect his independent naval character, and has at length
been recalled unconditionally. Whether this event is con-
nected with the recent sudden arrival in town of the Duke
of CLanzsrcx, we know not. His Royal Highness is, we
believe, the friend of Sir E. CODRINGTON, and the Duke
of WELuserox's attachments are naturally enough for
the Army. If there be any difference of opinion between
these illustrious men, we are quite sure it cannot involve
either the judgment or valour of a brave and distinguished
officer. Nothing can be more mortifying than the situation
in which both soldiers and sailors are placed by the diplo-
matic tricks (they deserve no better name) of Statesmen.
They are sent out " to fight, burn, and destroy, and
then the fruits of their victory are wrung from them by
political chicanery. Lord NELSON and Sir SIDNEY
SMITH have often felt and deplored this evil. CODRING-
tht glorious career, which has associated
TON, if he suffers from it, errs in good company. The
else Duke of CLARENCE has an ardent de-
Duke of WELLINGTON himself, if we mistake not, was
service,siv mtuistadhsve
suspended twice during the first six or seven weeks of his
sire to
of
believe that
promoteit
belongs longs to great
he an illustrious
Peninsular employment, and had the same system of vacilla-
achievicemetnenbtear, ;caint
hisavaesenro-
of prosecuting
Lion gone on, the opportunity wouldtsheavf have
that
ae
tn
bdenied h to
cf him
of
his name with his country's renown. We have every reason
to the
isbest interes
ith
tNava24.li on r eNav a;
s wfocuuglhdt to thehi glory of
.the British.
ch
ed, likewise, that the Duke of
f
name. wewahriech.spiedresnua.dfi
renown
sdueseci.edpetdi b lt eh
eo
ft a
.tteh that
liberty,
Heaventl that
tt
thhyaes
desire to pluck a laurel from the well earned wreath that
decorates the brow of a meritorious officer. The battle of
upon the Peninsula had had a similar result. The sacrel
glorious campaign,
form of Justice does not always attend the God of Battles—
of r.-
this awful truth the thrones of FERDINAND and Do
Ni
IGUEL are pregnant examples.—Bell's Life in London.
LORD HIGH CONSTABLE OF SCOTLAND.
—On Tuesday the 15th curt., the gentlemen of the Six
Feet Club of this city were constituted into a guard of
honour to the Lord High Constable of Scotland, by an una-
nimous vote of the club. His Lordship has been pleased,
in the most handsome terms, to accept of the spontaneous
tender of their services as his guard—thus reviving some
of the symbols of that dignity which anciently belonged to
his high office. Sir WALTER Scare, Bart. was at the
same time elected an honorary member, aud, with his ex-
press permission, named umpire and referee, for life, in all
the manly exercises, the encouragement and cultivation
of which form the principal objects of this club. We un-
derstand the club will in future be called " The Scottish
Six Feet Club Guard of Honour to the Lord High Con-
stable."—Edinburgit Courant.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

(THE TIMES.)

Mr. Huskisson's speech on Friday night on the
American tariff deserves great attention. Some
men would hardly have thought that our trans.
Atlantic brethren could have been so blinded by
commercial cupidity as to mistake the path of plain
honesty, and even that of their own interest substan-
tially considered. They bind themselves by treaty
to admit our manufactured goods upon the terms of
the most favoured nations : we submit to a recipro-
cal condition with respect to their produce. No
stipulation can be fairer, or even more advantageous
to them ; for they will observe, that their raw pro-
duce in cotton makes the essential part of the goods
which they afterwards receive in cloths ; so that
their export of the article in its natural state will be
re lured by their prohibitory duty on the import of
it when manufactured, But they envy us the work-
ing of it up. This rule may not apply to hardware,
because we do not know that we get the raw mate-
rial from Alrerica ; but still we received abundance
of their productions, as tobacco, turpentine,
and rice ; and, at all events, the treaty of
1818 ought to have been observed. In CO,ll-
- of the violation of this treaty by their
luiposing duties of thirty and forty per cent. upon
cotton and hardware goods, in lieu of 15, we were
obliged to adopt the tardy vengeance of prohibiting
their intercourse with our West India colonies. This
the Americans felt; and came to us with an offer
to retrace their steps. Our colonists must have felt
it too, and it is therefore probable that both parties
may be brought back to their original position. But.
the Americans being the aggressors, it is clear that
we can place no reliance upon their permanent dis-
position to receive our manufactures on equal terms.
We ought, therefore, by all means, to encourage the
growth of cotton and rice in our own East India
States, by which we may not only relieve ourselves
h-eni a dependence upon them for the raw article,
Nit shall speedily find employment for a greater
quantity of shipping, the carriage of such cotton and
rice belonging to ourselves exclusively, by the
old navigation kw of Europe. It is worth the
while to note down from the speech of Mr. Huskis-
sue who is, no doubt, accurate upon these sub-
ject; the proportion which the commerce of
England and America with each other bears to the
whole commerce of each country. Our trade wit 'a
America equals aboat a sixth .of our trade with all
the rest of the world ; whilst America's trade with
us equals more than half of all the rest of her trade.
Surely, in prudence, (though she would have a right
to do it, if she liked, unless otherwise bound by
treaty)--but surely, in prudence, America ought not
t,)Pnt. this great relative proportion of her trade to
r.sk for what is a very doubtful advantage—the im-
provement and extension of her manufactures. Why,
we find that the admission of French silks occasions
not only the amelioration, but the increase also, of
our own manufacture of the same article. And we
have no doubt that the liberal admission of British
hardware into the United States will add to the ac-
tivity of the native manufacturersfirst, through
competition—next, by imposition, for goods of Ame-
rican manufacture may with more appearance of
truth be represented as British--and lastly, by in-
creasing the want of the articles in a greater pro.
portion than the supply can come from England.
The want of any article, except that of the first
necessaries of life, perishes as the supply de-
clines. And this mention of " the necessaries
of life" brings us round to the detested Corn
Laws—the source of all English misery--the
obstruction of all improvements. •We have no
doubt that had it not been for the Corn
Laws, British manufactures, trade, and commerce,
would have taken such a ipring and diffusion at the
end of the last Nvar, that instead of the 27 millions
a-year which the Finance Committee says have been
relaxed in taxation, 37 millions might have been re-
leased, the revenue would have been much more
productive than it is at present, and the landed in-
terest in a much better condition, by the increased
demand for their productions. Indeed, it has been
clearly established, that we might have been an ex-
porting country for the last three years of home-
grown corn to the south of Europe ; and not only an
exporting country, but a depository also for corn
from the north, and the great carriers of it -to the
south. We have no doubt, though the fact did not
come out in the debate,• that the Americans will
justify their prohibitory duties upon our manufac-
tures by our refusal of their flour: and a justilica-
tioa
it would have been, on the principle of retalia-
tion, if there had been no treaty, though it is not
the less foolish and injurious to America herself.—
We perfectly agree with Mr. Huskisson as to the
unproved condition of the country ; no one can look
around without seeing the fact. It improves in spite
of bad legislation. The improvement might have
been of a much more decisive character.

(THE "MORNING CHRONICLE..)

In the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies on
Wednesday last, the Minister of Commerce, in pro-
posing the Budget of Commerce, went over the
ground which has so often of late been gone. over
in this country, namely, the principles which ought
to govern the noion in its commercial policy. The
System of France is one of restriction ; and, as un-
der every system of medicine, however opposite the
treatments under them for the same diseases, physi-
cians have never hesitated for a moment to take cre-
dit for keeping their patients above ground, so, we
can hardly be surprised, that each state doctor
should deem the safety of the state bound up in the
commercial system which he patronizes. Mr. Hus-
kisson and Mr. Charles Grant have insisted on the
benefits of unrestricted commerce, as calculated to
prOcure to a nation, considered as a whole, a greater
amount of means of enjoyment, at the expence of
labour, than could be procured under the close sys-
tem. The object of foreign commerce is to enable
countries to exchange what one can produce with
less labour than another, for that which another can
produce with less labour than what it receives in
return. Our advocates of free trade have boasted
of the benefit derived from it by consumers in
general, and not of the high prices obtained by
the venders of particular commodities. The French
Minister, on the other hand, considers, exclusively,
the venders : " Many," he says, " complain of want
of market, or of selling at tbo low a price. It is an
evil, without doubt; but does the remedy depend
on us ? Yes, if the glut or the low price has for its
cause the sharing of our market with foreigners; for
it depends on us to reserve it for ourselves. Yes, if
in rendering our market more accessible to the pro-
ductions of other countries, we could find for our
own, in foreign markets, a vent which should exceed
in profit the abandonment which we shall have made
at home. 'These two propositions are deserving of
.!examination. I inquire into the state of our customs,
and I find only a very small number of articles—
for example, wool, hemp, coal, horses, cattle, cotton,
and linen, with respect to which it can be pretended
that importation prevents the sale of indigenous
productions. Hence we do -not. fail to receive de-
mands for these different productions of a more effi-
cacious protection. It would be due to them,
perhaps, if we had not to fear, in completing a pro-
tection which already is not without force, the
throwing some trouble in relations which interests,
not less precious, call on us to spare. Our tariffs,
then, are not guilty of the depreciation, of our home
productions,.or rather, it is to our tariff and this
market of thirty-two millions of consumers that they
reserve to them, that our producers, of all sorts, suc-
ceed in obtaining for their commodities and their
merchandises a price much superior to .hat is ob-
tained for analogous commodities and merchandise,
in all Europe. But if, thanks to our laws, our
market remains, as much as we can reasonably de-
sire it should, for our own labour, is it true, that
iii opening it more widely to foreigners, we shall
find among them an ample indemnification for our
concessions ? How can we believe this, Gentle-
men, when, as I have said, the price of our produc-
tions every where exceeds the price of theirs ?
What country (be pleased to observe, Gentlemen,
I am speaking of Europe) will purchase our grain in ,

presence of those of Poland and the Crimea—our
hemps, in presence of those of Russia—our wools,
in presence of those of Spain, Prussia f and Moravia—
our cattle, in presence of those of Germany and
the Netherlands—our cloths, in presence of those of
England,the Netherlands, and Germany—our linens,
in presence of those of Ireland and the Netherlands
—our cotton goods, in presence of those of England
and Switzerland ? Two of our rich productions, it
is true, fear no foreign competition in any market of
the world—our silks and our wines." Here, then,
we have a Minister boasting of an advantage, that
with the exception of two commodities, silk and
wine, all commodities are produced in France at a
greater expellee of labour than elsewhere--that is,
that labour yields a smaller return, and consequently
supplies less abundantly means for augmenting the
national resources than in any other country ! This
system, of course, nearly annihilates foreign com-
merce, because the Frenchman who exports can
receive nothing in return. The only argument
which can be urged in favour of a system like
this, is that a nation, cut off from foreign com-
merce, is secured against the caprices of foreign
Governments, which, by prohibitions and protecting
duties, may suddenly throw large classes of men idle.
It may be said, perhaps, that it is bette► to be poor
than to be subject to commercial vicissitudes. But
this is always supposing that a nation can obtain the
most important of al! commodities within itself—
namely, food. How often has France, for instance,
suffered severely from scarcities amounting almost to
famine; and how is a nation producing exclusively
for itself to obtain the mewls of purchasing food
elsewhere ? If we are' to believe the Minister of
Commerce, France cannot extend the sale of her
wines and her silks, and she has nothing else to give.
What a confusion, under such circumstances, must
be produced by a scarcity. Every commodity being
higher than elsewhere, the loss by a forced ex-
portation would be enormous. Something must be
given for the food. If gold and silver, then gold
silver will become scarce, and rise with regard to
commodities—in other words, commodities will fall,
so that it is immaterial whether other goods be ex-
ported in the first instance, or the rise in gold and
silver force sales to replace the gold and silver sent
away. If nations were always secure of food, in-
ternal tranquillity might be some compensation for
poverty ; but experience teaches us that in even the
most extensive countries scarcities frequently compel
an importation of food. We confess, when we con-
sider how much more England abounds with horses,
cattle, sheep, grain, potatoes, and fuel, to say nothing
of the conveniences of life, than France, how much
we have within ourselves the means of supplying
our necessary wants, we see rio cause for envying the
French theory of commerce. We only wish that
Sir Thomas Lethbridge, the Duke of Richmond,
Lord Redesdale, and the other advocates of restric-
tion were French proprielaires with the benefit of
French protection. We recommend the speech of
the French Minister to Mr. P. Courtenay, cisnceiv-
ing it may be useful to him, when he begins to fill
up the blank of his capacious mind. Mr. Goulburn,
who did not know that the French prohibited the
importation of woollens (in this country a Minister
can, in general, do nothing, till he is crammed by the
Clerks under him, who are really the Ministers),
may, if he have not been convinced by the witnesses
before the Wool Committee, be. satisfied on this
point, by the speech of the French Minister of,Com-
merce.

(THE MORNING HERALD.)

Long. speeches were uttered the other night re-
specting the moderation of the Emperor of Russia,
who, at the head of a large army, is posting on to
Constantinople. But who can doubt that it is his
intention to make that city, if he can, his third ca-
pital ? We long since said that the Russians were
bent on this; we also said that the Greek Treaty
was entered into by us, in order, if possible, to keep
back the Russians; but the latter laugh at us and tho
.Treaty; and they must also laugh at us for destroy-
ing the Turkish fleet at Navarin, which fleet, if it had
not been destroyed, would probably have been more
than a match for any fleet -the Russians could have
brought against them. But debt has brought us to
this. We look on while Russia does us she likes.
To enter into any war that should keep the Russians
from seizing the peninsula, would cost us from 50 to
100 millions a-year beyond what we now spend ; and
how could that be raised, except on the old principle
of borrowing 501., and stipulating to pay back 1001. ?
And then the people would be taxed to pay back
the interest. We can neither go to war with Russia
or Portugal ; our debt prevents us. We are in a si-
milar state to that in Alich the petty Italian Stares
were some 200 or 300 years ago. Instead of fight-
ing, we are engaged in negociating.