The Sun.
London, England, 1844-06-26 00:00:00

THE, SUN, LONDON WRDNESDAV MORNING, JTJNE 26, 1844...

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iiint las 011 e none anything to enable the people Anti.-Corn-law League bad adopted of going amongst igo into the abstratet proposition. He would not ask the • been two harvest§ since the acceesion of the present
tptln en t.; . Agent tlh• poer-le.w?-(lieer, hear.) No,e constituencies with whom they were not et all connected. House to consider what would be the' effect of the repeal. Ministry-the most favourable harvests-and yet upon
n'lL'ld) icenn'el,itleman, " hut you " (addressing Mr. He believed that the repeat of the corn-laws would be a' of the corn-IaWS upon those classes who depended upon this incomplete experience, the Right Hon. Gantlet-tem
(rare.' ' tgmag to ceneiiiase the eich by support- work of time, and time only, and he believed that Hon. agricultural labour for their meintainens'e. It might be would have the ilituse to assu:ne that the present corn-
e'ah ha !ea'ilt c°,ra-laws, for then is no other way in Gentlemen opposite Isere convinced that the corn-leas • true that the law which imposed a tax upen the iniporta- lasx ensured steadiness of price. He thonglit the Right
11, ', I sseei.gnn,their taveur then by tip'.loldine this ' were doomed. He should vote for the repeal of the corn- tion of any commedity limited its consumption Hon. Gentleman would wit be prepared-to say that the
,11:,-, tea:,.\ "ti,e,n toese whe propo e to repeal it."- lawe as the onlv colirse for him to adopt. That seas a question on which he was not then called present law wuuld stand one bad harvest, He would n.t:
n: t he, ii.,,, ,' ncre wtte anotser law, the slave trade, err, GLADSTONE said that he was anxious to take upon to enter. The Hon. Gentleman had made a speech discuss the question as to ,whether the present Ministry
t; hal ie , `t''", of e hich tile same eppos'eon was an early opportueity of addre,sing the House, because which was opposed to the whole protective system.- had more wisdoM than their predecessors,' but they cer-
'tes ois
_1,),1.), the sane. g:. fluids as was n.,w mede the House would probably be anxious to know what (Opposition cheers.) The Hon. Gentletnan. could hardly titinly had better weathere-(Hear, hear, and laughter.)
et'. 515,'4113
,lit.i‘-lo of ibe Cie ialew, He was glad that course Ihe Government intended te take with respect to expect him to go into the argument .as to the grounds The Right Hon, Gentleman said, that, nothing had been
'tv.h7-‘,.. , e!''s '2"se to t•ite the authority of a statcs- ttei„ mote ee It would be his duty to endeevour to per. on 'which the protective system had originally been done in the present year, to break down the protective
"k.e,,te rec' l'."1 o'zi-tut wcs eot erten restricied by suade the Honse to meet the 'Lotion with a d:reet liege- adopted; and what encouragement did the Hon. Gentle- system. He said the alteration of the law respecting the
:11teel s. •' ''' ire e ioelianite . (Tle Item Member tive, in order to do that, it would he necessary for him men hold out to those who miertit be inclined te modify duty on wool was no diminution Of protection, because
• .ee , ene , ~ a• .
et' teen c
.• sct is m a seeeeli of Mr. Pitt in the .to refer briefly to the amen-Iment which had been pro- that system? None whatever. He would accept of no it le,as injurious to the wool-grower, as it prevented the
',
rate, ch.'', he'l ti, nof the Slave trade, in Wbiai .postd. The question that would be submitted to them first measure short of total rep ell. -(Oppoeition cheers.) consumption of British wooL He (Lord John Russell)
,`.iiiie ree nlie.° ' a'h he " eetild not understand the would be that the words proposed to be left out stand The Hon. Gentleman did not argue that the corn-laws entirely agreed with the Right Hon. Gentleman in his
t otii ei- ""'"Il e leW ilidiVilltrilS ,110Uld 13,! allOW(3,1 part of the question. It they affirmed that question, they afforded too much protection, or thet they affinnled pro- statement, for he thought the duty on wool was: injurious
ittl.l,: le. "s'refiatertote egainet the rights aid the lives would then have to vote aye or no to the motion of the teetion to the agricultural interest different from that and mischievous to the wool-growers in this country, He
I.7tf'-e „, ,:1-° dd net eetiersteed sue!: a. principle as Hon. Member for Wolverhampton. He thought the which was afforded to every other interest ; and it was thought this was the present state of the corn-lawse:He
lz,,_efte ti:,-,1,',4),."1i"g eo tklek,.(l SO infamous asr tem, or Houee, and he thouz„ht the Hon. Member f r Knares- competent for him to coutend, in oppositien to the Hon. believed that there would be a far greater consumetion
Ctit,:rs''''e "f a few pnnters, thoussnds should be borough himself would see that it wes desirable they . Gentleman, that as the prineiple of protection was ac- of wheat if they had a better corn-law, and therefo;e he
Otteoirl'ehial and inoderable misery. He eh- should vote aye or no to a question of so much import- ! knowl !dged by our law, it was wily a practical exem- said- that the present corn-law was injurious to the agri-
-0 wi,h ~ ous shstem. an Ihe celled ueou the. House ance, and that it ought net to be meet by any indirect plification of that 1 tw, to give proteetion to the agricul- cultural interest themeelvee. If there should be a pros-
itZ''l lo:tine', "ice and cl maed its ab ,lition, 'He propnsition. The amendment of the Hon. Member , tural interest. He objected to this motion, be- poet of a bad harvest, but a goed•harvest should actually
s„ eliere, . e spoke e jilt wermth, RnA if he could for Knareebormeh mixed up with this question many cause a confidenee in the stability of a law . occur, the merchant, under the present law, would be
‘-t.") riutse he - onll netest ioin- elf for his modera- other matters of great importance. With respect to the %sae of the utmost impertance.-(Gheers.) The ! induced to make a considerable importation upon which
eilli pse;." d"elara.tton of Mr. Pitt :eight be applied Hon. Gentleman's proposition reeneding machinery, he . Noble Lord cheered that. If confidence in the see- .he would inevitably sustain a loss. In on the contrary.
Litt the ''''t c•se.-(Heer, he ir ) When one coo- (Mr. Glanstene) could not give it his support. His con- bility of a law was to be undermined by agitation, what they should hive a bad harvest, and that bad harvest
ll'ut, a, eFi"rrnoes Metthief tione toliundre‘ls of thou seientious conviction was that. however great the hard- , hope was there that he e mild restore confidence hy a ; should occur suddenly, then a sudden importation would
to .' e"t Ini PO • . .
V" th n• i ne, by the ep.Tatien ot to, sy-tem. ship,: the labourer had to undergo in consequence fixed duty?-(Cheers.) It was clear the Neble L ird . take place, and the lamer would be the party to suffer.
k'nerntee 'noose would it, for the s ke of coneulting of machinery, yet if that machinery were to be restricted would find himself in the same position us the defenders 1 The Ilen. Gentleivan, the Member fer Wolverhampton,
i,greatet' ():' a few great men, a..aand in prin&ples 01 it would at the same time re:trict the means of the present lax. for the arguments of the Hon. Hem- asked the House to go into Cemmittee for the puposenf
00....,,,,' "an'ages and refuse to redeem the grt atest of hundreds of the workireg classes from obtaining sub- ; ber for Wolverheinron would equally apply to his pro. ! voting this resoletion. ' The lion. Gentleman, in the
et, /I t ' livers.) sistenre. He hopsd tee Honourable Member would i position. The sense of Parliament had been alreadylero- ! latter part of his speech quoted what he considered pre7
it,. •it w i.; e . ' .. ,
ear. Deno, 0 she inch d the reeolution. allow the metion t,f the Honeuralde Member for , ncenteed with regard to the present cora-la v, and he cedents for a sudden ab dation ot duty. He (Lord J. Rus-
nehhei:.,l,AlN i) rose to move the amendeunt of Wolverhampton to come fairly before the House, end . trtu,ted they would give the law that stebility wh'cli ' sell) must say aitat he did not think that his Hon. Friend
it''' fer tielu given notiee. • Ile seid it weeld be imaos- reserve the subject or his amendment to a separnte die, anise from the exhihition, on their part, of giving a fair '. wes alne to produce precedents which at all bore him
a,ttoritel " ~Hon. -Gent;etnen Cdr. Villiers) to make cuseion. De now came to the motion of the I lonoureble , trial to a law of which they had not as yet a c imprehen- ; out in his assettion. The precedents his Hon. -Friend
eLe le! etasn s ;intik that he had their ieterests in Member fly Wolverhanap•on. ' The Honourable '1 entle- ' sire experience ; but all the experience they lied of it had taken were the aholiti.,n of the beer-tax and the
',,hti 4 ,l'orking clessee had orned their eyes. to the man said that no Member on that (the Ministerial) eide realiied the most sanguine expectations that had h- en ; slave-trade. He (Lord Joho Russell) thought these
ik;teees„Pe Anti' CorinlaW Leaeue, and that bi elf of the Reuse would ev,r have the courage to get up and i formed of it.-(Cheers.) The Hon. Gentleman the I were no precedents at all. The first. consequence they
',Nit, vised tiod dete,ted, that tie•y dared not hold sly that. the corn-laivs were main•ained fur the benefit.' Member for Wolverhampton and himself were beth for ' might expect from such a sudden change as the Hon.
1,-litee elmeetiog in the naanufacturing districts. The of the filmier. • Hi.• (Mr. Gladstone) theught the H.,- ; stability, But the Hen. Gentlemae would deprive at one ; Gentleman, proposed would be a great panic among all
(Miniasees themselve:• were 'oiainetrically optioed towable Geteleman linl undsrrited the manly courage ! blow the landlords and farmers of the protection which ! pereons concerned in agriculture. The landowner and
hte tile' the corn-la-ee Why dhl not the Leugue of gentlemen .en . that Sif!e of the House. The they had for centuriee, and he referred to a. 6titement i the firmer would bhdoubtful howi,to employ their capital
Ilk!
tilloti.rp:ltt:itirnufactering districts, and boldly and corn lewe tvere fir the beiteit of the agricultural ' made by him (Mr. Gladstope), that when a commercial ; with profit. The consequence of that would be diminu-
questoe ? If they din so, they !night laboarer. the fereaer, find the landlord ; but he believed , change was to be naa:le, the nu ire rapidly' it wes done the 1 tion of employment of labour,- --.4. sudden change would
'tliat ; House to listen to their aeserthaah In that if the corn• laws were to he repealed, the land- better. But the Hon. Gentleman begged the questien m ; induce the nieschant to make a ititteh larger importation
4,,, b., I.
tnine Vhti ettemeten to exere,ss their epnion lorde wohld be that elaes that wouln most easily sueposing they were going to make any change. In 1842 1 than would be consistent with the demand in this coun-
Lied. ' ';',„''.,,evn'e or the League were' ITioSI. Shanielilly. contend tielti,st the diflieuby at:entlant on sneh a step. Parliament had bestowed a g,reat portion of the public I try. Such a change would produce great expectations.
itsialsee's Hon.. leleinher tor NV olverh trupton bed The Hon Member . for Wolve,hampton said that, wher- tithe io dissussing the p locip!e tted the particalars of the A large importation would immediately take place, and
htt,tiltenil rretn u.laitilel prttprietor on the s'ette of the- -ev,,r there were sprited and independent farmers, they corn laws. - He beheved eighteen nights of that session this would produce net cheapness, but a glut in the
I.l' fo) ~ l''''.l*, teit he Orr. Ferrand) woe!d read a all state:l, ss ti-xic conviction, that the cern-law wes not had been passed in diecessing the corn-laws. They could market, thereby ereatine• great distress amongst the
0
n'air,,c'2", workieg, man, stannte ths tr httn; et, which intenden for their benefit, but for the beneiit of their . not renew that every year.-(Hear. hear.) It was im- agricultural portion of the community. Such was the
k; lien v'ved fr.,in ;he Aiei -Oorta-law Leaeue, witieli landlords. ' The Hon. nentieman, as it sppearecl to him, pessible they could do so, and if Parliament consented cinsequences which theyshad to expect from so sudden
Lk 6 (-1)1! ettl to them arid to t•he iongistretes of that had in that instance argued in a circle, for wheeever he to keep a queetioa of such magnitude in perpetual a change to e state of perfect freedom. Let the House
etteshtl the 14tii of February the Auti-Corn-law enund tee-niers who thought ill of the corn-laws, he agitation, it-would not only be injurious to those whose look to the authority of those who had given opinions
t:tter Tl. a mewing in Or! Free -Trate Hall, Mae- dubbed theen " spirted and independent," while he denied interest's' were more immediately concerned, but to the upon this subject. Adam Smith and Mr. Ricardo as
e"'",114-;_"1,11 the Hon. Member for St wkport and that character to the great mass of the farmers.-(Hear. character of Parliament itself. He claimed something writers, aud Lord Granville
„and Mr. Huskisson as
e:4 puku,?lnpsz.m &elm-Ann their speeches to be open hear.) Now, so far as he had had an opportunity of like stability for the decisions of Parliament.-(" Heer, statesmen had all expreesed opinions upon this sub_
q,,re. On the 20th of February he (Mr. For- estimating the feelings of the farmers or this country on heir," from Lerd Howick.) The Noble Lord was ject. Adam. Smith said that a change from prohis
(,k e ese'ved aletter from a; working man, and having the subject, looking impartially at the movement and the quicker than he (Hr. Gladstoee) was, an-I he attached bition to freedom ought to be made with caution.
th, leeeer, inentiry he , could .youch. for the truth- counter-movement which was going
.on on the subject of meanings to his Werds which he never intended they. Mr. Ricardo, in writing on this subjeet, said that the
i ,clewhe",,,-----of the statetnents; -.which could not the corn-laws, he must confess thee' it appeared to him shOuld. bear. But if lion. Gentlemen opposite were duty ought first to be reduccd to 205., and then
t lett 4. . The . Honourable Membe.r then read i-that the farmers did more -to stimulate and urge on the. willine• to accede to that propoeition, he called on them gradually reduced to 10s. Mr. Ricardo stated that even
.e, ee s: ,
?, Itly., egned by _ eix persons, whose names landlords in support of those laWs thao the landlords did to vote against the motion of the Hon. Member forWol. a duty of 10s. would be more than reasonable, but at the
tl." is ,Z.g.lre affirming that a working manwho merely the farmers.. He did . not say Whether they were rieht verbampton.-(Cheers.) The Hon. Gentlemaa made no same thne he considered that it would be better to make
h .Ue.
~,`..4 1 ipeeting and put the qiuestion to the chair- or Wrong.in doing so. It was net a qeestion of right, but charge againht the present corn-law-his arguments were a gradual reduction than to adopt a sudden change.
'Seen s this a pablin Meeting ? ' was seized by the a question • of feeling, and as such he must directed against protection of every kind, And he called Then what were the opinions of Lord Granville. Lord
(reseelln_lvho " rushed upon him like dogs at a bear." say that he thought there •e. as e a stronger feeling on them to abolish protection to agriculture as they Granville speaking of the protective system in 1815, said
ie,ielil'er)-dragged him over the forms on to the onthe part of the farmers in favour of the corenew than abolished protection to wool. lie denied that wool had that any change in the protectiveNstem should be made
117 ela,neonveyed him to the station-house, where he there wit! on thelpart
.of the -landlords. He could not .any protection. The duty cf a penny a pound on wool with caution, and not suddenly. . 'Oar. Huskisson had also
Ittee„,,' 9 tour hours, and then discharged without see that it was otherwise on the part of the agricultural operated ae a tax on British produce. It depressed the proceeded upon the same principle. With respect to
itreiptein being made against him. At his (Mr: labourers. The agricultural labourers, it could not he Prtce of British wool by discouraging the consumption of cotton andwool, there was no very great danger, because
Oere s) retenninendation the man applied to Mr. dented, were, by far the greatere-number of them, ex- articles with which British wool was mixed. Then in- they were manufactured and eent to a third market,
- where they competed with all the markets of the world.
ilia ea stiPen nary magietrate, vs ho told hiM that the trernely anxious fir the maintenance or the eorn-ia.w.- stead of abolishing all protection, they awarded protec
I,,it'illistrd acted quite ri.ihtly. Was that Conduct be• (Hear, hear.) The Hon. Gentleman, hy his speech, tion that very year to the growers of coffee and sugar.- There was nti °Teat danger, therefore, in complete free-
clisit4 utipendiary magistrate, who was paid by the seemed to imply that the prevalence of incendiarisin in .(Ironical cheers.) He had obserred a, marked distinc- done there. Y!et, with respect to cotton, Mr. Huskisson,
4,l\l7olic:lleY for vuhlic services? The Hon. Member the 'agricultural districts was owing to the existence of tion betweeti the speech of the Hon. Gentleman that reduced the duty from 60 per cent. to 10 per cent., and
t %se 'rharripten said that if the agricultural laboue the Corn-law. .He had stated that there was nothing. so .night and his speeches on former occasions. The pre- he reduced wool to 15 per cent. With regard to other
is, te a_ .
14a-4412;er/rived of employment in agriculture by a wretched as the condition of the agricultural labourer. sentlawhad now beenin operationtwoyea.rs, and they were -articles, he did not go quite so far as in the case of silk,
pe iT7 In ctern, they would find empl.nonent a thigher - With regard to that subject, however, he must be per- Years bY no means favourable to the working of the law, in which the duty was 30 per cent., and in some cases
tilt ein hianufactuses. The experiment was made in mitted to state that he thought the lion, Gentleman had for in the beginning of 1842 the prospect of the harvest 40 leer cent. In all such cases lie proposed a gradual
11,511'0,1' ,183?, and since that he (Mr. Ferrand) heard taken the worst specimen of that condition as the ave- was very bad, and it turned out to be an abundant one ; and cautious change and not a sudden and abrupt one.
'Nth,: Ati•rnber for Sloe!: port state in that House rage, and although he must admit that in many parts of and, on the eontrary, the first five months of 1343 gave He (Lord 'I. Russell') found himself unable to take part
t:ltit:le were hundreds 0, th .usinide of perions in the the' country. the conditit-m. of the agricultural labourer the highest prospect of an abundant crop, but the har- in the vote of that night Ile heartily wished that some
ti '4,4, etuthig distriets living on Is. 3d. a week, and waS not setis aetory, us to the enjoyment of the neces. vest fell short of -what was expected. How had the law compromise could be adopted with respect to thisquestion
:h aurl" other covering at night but the clothes which cartes and comfort* of life, yet at all events it must be worked ? One of the greatest objections to the He did not expect that any vote of that House, however
1:11th t,r in the day. Was that the happy *Vita to conceded that the agricultural lebourer was free from' old law was that it oceasioned rani(' fluctuatiens large the majority might be, would put an end to agita-
en4e,„ agrieultural lahottrers were invited.- (Htar, thoee extreme reverses of his cendition which had in price.
.Now no person could say that in don On the subject. He did not think that it was likely
wktie, elhe manufacturers had been . heard in that marked, during' the last few. years, the condition of the those two yoir.,, daring - which the present law that any settlement could be come to, until those inter-
Oh,-`6l. they were many, and they were labourers of PaisleYs Stockp irt, and other inanely,- was in operetion there had been any unsteadiness of ested in the land were disposed to consider the existing
wht' e but the working. men ought also to turing towns. reverses which had entailed upon them more price, and during the present year. in which there was laW as really not favourable to the interests of the coun-
tS;:r".---(llear.) - Those -met' whorie the League bitter suffering than hadeverbeenknown to theagricultural no great change expected, the price of corn had been re- try, and, therefore, not being favourable to the interests
1,11,ty ,\'',;„'t dare to face, and whom they treated with bru- lahourer•-(llear, . hear) The Hon. Gentleman had markahly. steady.-(Hear, hear.) The averages kept of the country, was unfavourable to them as a class. If
Lea ill'eu they opened their mouths to speak the truth. asked what was the cause of that incendiarism, and he moving from week to week in scarcely a perceptible de- manufactures and commerce were made to flourish, the
'rels 11 hde--• • ' d h H in abject bad ventured to lay down -"t• en hh-h i gree . His Right Hon.- Friend had stated of him that landed -interest need
II etoh , or leare petitione t e ouse, . a propon ion ts ic e to- . not fear that they would be kept
. .
ette eoneitler th-* • seta no one could be found b.
a er , .ir ca e, -but in . vain. The lion, . - . Ad enotigh to controvert,
: he promised the farmers a certain price for corn. lagging behind ; the landed interest was sure to derive
-'"'s• taen read a petition,from the sawyers of Man- that there was invariably diecontent in the agricultural He believed,hihßight Hon. Friend made no promise of adv.antage from any law in favour of conimerce and
In en co
kassi, mplaining of the effects of saw mills, which districts when the Price of bread was high, stet content the kind, but he said it would be desirable if the price manufactures. Before he sat down he must say.
b!ssa,,,,,"drerls out of breed ha every town-in the United when the Price of bread was low. He. would not wider. could be kept within the limits of 545. and 58s. How although the argument of his Hon. Friend was aeainet
t:,llt an:"... lie real also a petition from calico printers., take to Sal' that he regarded a higleprice of bread as had the law worked to realise this price? The price the whole protective system of the country, he (Lord
etlistlitlilar complaint Such Wae the langu via used goOd.--(Opposition cheers.). He adnutted that a high between April, 1842, and December, 1842 ? The aye- J. Russell) did lament, when this questien was brought
n'tase etealse by the Calico block printers. Yet•thl'at lzahlY price of bread was a misfortune.; but. the Hon. Gentle- rage price was 555. 10d., which was within the limit. feraard, thet the whelo •of the cese.was not stated.-
0-re,m."l not petition. the Rouse for the relied' of the !nee had dared any one to -deny the -accuracy of •the In 1843 the average price Was but 505., which was be- (Hear.) lie thought it would be fairer for the ceuntry
tut' 4,41. Ni; for they would tell them that that re- assertion which he had made. Now, in the years me, loss the limit, hut this was a very abundant year. In to go through the whole of their system of protection,
flt.iuta be their ruin: In the sessioa behere last he 1840, and 1841, there was' no ineendiariem; while in 1844 the average price was 545. 6d. So that in two Out its it existed both with regard to corn and agricultu-
te ti:rrancl) presented a petition signed by twenty-, the years 1843 and 1844, when the price of bread was of three years, the !iverage price had been within the ral proddce, and the produce of manufactures; to take
t%)lll4eteatiand frame.werk knitters of the Mtdlund monerate and low in comparison with the former years, limit to which his Right Hon. Friend made allusien every kind of protection as it exicen, and show that it
en. eelt conapleining Of the effect of machinery, but %here WAS incendiariem. Therefore the Hon. Gentleman Another Objection to the old taw was, that it deranged wais. all
.ukisciund and injurious, for the purpose Orebro-
;:th.Nit aht prav fa• the iepoal of the corn-laws. Tee wh,o had ehalleneed them to produce an inittutce ot din the currency, for. the
.corn wit:ell was. imported te supply gateleg it al.,t;;e4eilter.-(llear, hear.) Ins thought that
, 'fltin ember then referred to a-pamphlet, written by a poetent, tenong. the aerieultural laboura.rs when bread the sudden etoarcity produced in this country must be wouhl be
_a nurer course en bringing this question for-
e-tee"' 'llan in Manehester, which stweil the dreAdful wtts at. a loiv 'trice. and ef coreent wheteit was at a high paid in bullhin and not in goods. Was that true of the Ward thao continuing to harangue on the question of the
ilit'a-r4 into hhieh niheltinnry hail brought. the prieee need nut go further than .tho last three present corn-law. though large quantities of corn were aorn-lahs, mixed up, as they frequently were, out of that
11-it.4 el teses in Ma,echester and its neightesurhoed. vears te see -the fallaey of hie aesertion. The imported under it ? In 184.2 there was a greeter quail- froese, with attacks on the Landholders of the country.-
01,ni,"ti thin although the mole' in eaten factories gonteiratite Gentlema,n seid thet 'this; discontent tity of wheat and wheat dour introduced than in any (Cheers from the Ministerialists.). Those attacks could
enia 1-'4ll 1781 to leen inereascel 10 I time', yt,t the and ineendiarism was occaeiened by want • of em- former year, and yet no derangement hid been produeed eonduee nothing to the settlement of this question.-
nes ,:)'"n weavers hen now only IS. where, in 1791. plovment. Now, he would ask the Hen. flentl,tra in in the ctierency. The Hon. Member for Wolverlicimp- (Letrl cheers freel the Consereative benches.) He be-
''iNe•'•`•eived los • The Hen, Member thee read doeu- eet. if he had not eneosragen this feeling-he did not ton hinaself admitted that night, that they had now a tiered diet these attacks on the agricultural interest .in
,qie,: sl'ewines ;he effeet of the intreduction of ma- insinuate for a moment that he leel dale eo -it. would tratte on the Centinent in corn, which was carriel on general had done much to indispose the landholders-he
4?tee IA > 'no' wer I..oiis, awl eeteting that, .with tbe he tin insult to al: the question-bat he would ask him regularly and paid for in goods.-(No, no.) He (Mr. believed it had d ine mush to indispose the farmers to
site,,, eice, of ruitelcieersn the emeloyinent of the if he did not think it pi)ssible thet this Perseverine and Gladeonie) uris referrieg to the Hon. Gentleman, the any settlement of the question.-(Cheera) He believed
',ler !s tif . ail other *Specios ',if articles was eeedul u.: egitation, whiith he hall e irrien on, no d'oubt, Member for Wolverhampten, mad the lion. Member for that the il•m. President of the Board of Trade had much
le's., ,!'sed in a met friehte'ul ,!egree, and that beettwe he thought it ealculati•d to produce great puhlic Stockport denied the statement for him.-(fleare hear, foundation for his assertion that the farmers were more
iv greatest misery hod dotrese was the result- advantage-if that aeitation might not have suggested andlaughter.) Ile uni. rstood the Hen. Gentleman, the indisposed to any change in the law than the latd-
tillt eolltelit . Hee, , Geetteman ,he Pre:-ident of to ther landlords the idea. thet their interests were not Member for Wolverhampton,to make such astetement, but owners -(Hear, hear.) The landholders were un-
,'in s„:'':d td. -Trade heti i rroditeed a elause let° ia Bill quittSafe;finfl
.fill`-,rlt not have Prolneed a pernicious its correcinsse depended on higher authority even than dhubtedly much averse to any change, because they be-
ale 1,-, non. hen, tiaine -, en e , ,este tier' of machinery. He (sleet by inducing ththri .to Withh(jld the appliesition of his, for there were introduced under the preseut law, in heved, hke the merchants and manufacturers of former
kiini erran ;) ;nesse. i , , !. e measure \nein' ulti- their capital to. the culOvation of the soil, which would the present year, 160,000 quarters of wheat. That was timees that the protective system was the most
li4lejfttin the ecia t- i .1, ~t increase trade for 3 teit haVe been withheld if their confidench lead not .been a large quantity.,-(lronieal cheers.) Did Hon. Gentle-. beneficial to their own interests. But the farmers were still
'‘elisnlittet eli ,t, it, sv. nid . , -ieg ime he felt certain. All shaken by thiS agitation-(Heir, hear)--eand if, the Men suppose thee the same quantity wai to' be intro- More indisposed to a change than they were, believing
'lke "e hail. speken to On the sunjecs hail fold him withholding of this capital had not occasienel a want of duced e,very year into the country without reference to that the efforts made with so much pas-ion to procure
'nil,'tellieht Him, Geutleimul'had heenn at the wrt nig employment among the agricultural laboarers, .and so the abundance or scarcity of the harveat at home?- that change were made by Men whose zeal blinded them
e'llie..-e"uat they were all anxiuus fir free trade in everY- led to these incendiary tires ?-(Cheers.) If so, he called (Hear, hear.) The average price of wheat. in the present to the true ruerits of the case. In the present state of
'en" \`,:xcept machinery, He believed that even the udon the Hon. Gentleman to recognise with him the year, was 565., and yet, with the price at this amount, affairs they could not expect a settlement of the question,
,t.t tilteuitter for Sheffield, if he made further inquiries eOundness and the . wi'sdom, so long aS Parliameet 160,000 quarters had been introduced under the present and he regretted that the agitation should be prolonged
niti e stet; ‘ t el Ifi d that there were determined to maintain those . corn-laws, of law. In • the five first months in the present year, from year te year, as the Government was determined
Isf: . •ji c , wo.. t n
14 tile'. °I-Ts io thie country that required protectiOn• disregarding that' agitation .of which -he was although the price had not reached 575., 150,000 quarters for the . present to continue the bey. Still he belierd
~•ns ii, verY yew. in.whiele the exportation of machinerY the leader in that Houee, and of setting their faces of foreign corn had boen imported into this country.- that a time would come, when those principles which
~"',4de„,,"',lhed, notwithstanding foreign orders, there were firmly against motions such as that which had been sub- (Hear, hear.) 'He asked whether Hon- Gentlemen were held to be sound on every other subject, would
‘ssee- toan 450 machine, makers out of employ in Man- mitted to them hY the lion. Gentlemexi.-(Gheers.) The opposite would make the charge of unsteediness of price finally be held to he souud with regard to the article of
'sitie'4,ldenes So Much with respect te the legislation Hon. Gentleman had referred to an .al-giunent which he against the present corn-law which he admitted they corn. -(llear, hear.)
`t;lte.`',", inery. New, the Hon. Member who had intro- hal wed on a former occasion, and had stated that he . had, with some roason; urged .against the former law ? Mr. W. MILES said he did commisserate the present con-
'lsese‘eis quesnee had thought _ nroper to give the (Mr. Gladstone) had urged the displacement of rural Neither could- the charges of deranging the currency, dition of the Noble Lord-(Cheers • end laughter)-but he
'bie„-is,'"he most harrowinn details with respect to the labour as an objection to the repeal of the corn-laws. which had been brought against the former law, be trusted that many gentlemen opposite Sarin follow his ex-
% --"tiral districts, herr'oss whitsns, if true, in his Now, the.. Hon. Gentleman had antwered that objection, reasonably advanced against this. The present tipple, and not vote at all, rather than, while advocating a Oxed
I 41oti ntensnce the abolition of the whole protective system.
'at.e. t woald only be iticreased by 3 repeal of-the c,rn as if he had contended that the corri-lhws wo•ild displace law had been productive of considerable revenue. i !'
i YttlY'r4°l3l Lord had expreised a wish that there should be a
4 tie New, lie wou id giVe the House sorne. description labour only bY throwing land out of cultivation, and had In 1842, there was a large revenue deriveu
eneeproniiese on this question • but he ailed on the Go
hint state Of things in the town of Belton from a slate- stated that he was at a loss to cenceive how it could go from the impertation of corn. In that year Meat, and on the gentlemen Of the lanceted interest, to sivibernmit
1),,t0Q :11,ade by Mr. Ashworth. (The Hoe: Ni• Mber then out of cultivation. although it might be iocapable ef pro- a revenue of 1,300,0001 had been derived from the to no compremise.-(Lond cheers.) He felt truly happy
;_kitetil'ed to read the state:nent, from which it 'aPPPared diming rent. The Hon, *Gentleman had
.professed importation of foreign corn, although the duty did not, at having heard- the - speech that night delivered
nee. " greatest distress and misery Trevailed in that to be sceptical as to the plssibilitY of such a state of exceed 95.. a quarter. In 1834 800,000, or 900,000 by the Right Hon. President of the Board of Trade.-
t',lti l'rom another statement miriade in the- reimphist things arising as anY lantl being thrown out of cuitiee_ quarters of corn had been imported, which taaid 14s. duty. (Cheers.) A more hoaest speech in defence of that protection
ins,':ew"rkieg twin, to whi&l ae hid adverh.d, it ap- thei as long as it could be cultivated by anybody on their Now it might be old that 14s.
,was a high rate of duty, to agriculture given by the Bill of 1842, he had never heard.-
144;s' that-in some inetto:c sin that town the working own account. But that did not affect his (Mr. Glad_ but it should be recollected that under the old corn-law, (Cheers.) It completely bore out what had been elicited from
tleniw"re FO destitute that they were obliered to lie stone's) argument. His argument was, that granting when only ss.' duty was raised, it was argued that the the Right Hoe. Baronet at the head of the Government, that
e'tiali 't a heti.) Now he (Mr. Ferrand) believe'd that Ito thht there would be a great inere Ise in- the trade in the- very lowness of the duty was a proof of the evil of the he was determined to sta4id by the arrangement of last year.
'4ns:estate of 'thin' •d • th -'e. • 'tural manufacturing productions of the country,
gs existe in t aericui consequent law, for said its opponents foreign corn could not be ad- -( An Hon. Membebru- But this year. ')
' The Hon. Mems"
t he (Mr. :tides) had a confidence in
eseei't9. The Ron. Member had laboured hard to unin a repeal Of the corn laws. yet still the increased mated at that duty, unless the price of corn in this bweurrcstsaiadsthtibseyeawr!re
state .
d (Cheers ) He did not agree
Ites "0 the House that the repeal of the corn- demand for foreigh corn could not but be followed country had reached a height that showed its scarcity. with the Hole Member for-Manches.ter, nor did he believe
„t hePtuld -he an advantage to the working classes. by the infliction of injury to the agricultural ' labourer.. Under the preseut system abundance of foreign corn the country agreed with him ; but he believed the country did
Lte t hitherto been. the custom of that House to deny. Might it not ba possible that -this state of things would entered the market at a comparative low rate of duty, agree with the determination of the Government, to give a full
s'lrhetilleth -of: the- assertions he (Mr. Fernald) made. ariee: that. a great quantity of land now emhloYed as before the price reached 60s. a quarter. . Those who OP- triad to their own Bill. As to the Protection Societies that had
ga - (Ltd th •in ' L li. esa the Other arable land, mieht be laid down as pasture . land-a posed the present protective system were bound to prove been alludecito, it was said that they were losing ground, while
s,,Y, e,,, e hor mg, men o, ancas ir y
',tete, "en he went amona them ? Why, that everY method of cultivation which would. be most profitable to two•things before they asked . for its abolition-that the the League was gaining power. But it should be remembered
litelitent he had made Wes true. The Noble Lord, the- the landlerd. but wou'd be most distressing to the present corn-law was bad, and that it was bad from its that the Protective Societies were only defensive, while the
t,e in ej.fur Sunderland. whoin he was sorry not now to labourer.-(Hear, hear.) Such a mode of cultivation protective tendency. The Hon. Gentleman who made Leaeue was an attacking body. The League ieterfered in
'nil, - "Is place----(Gonsiderable leu• h d b Id tl•th nt of the land, in fact it would the motion had not attempted to show that by
g ter, cause ,we e- wou no oaer ere ~ elections, but what had Its interference done for it ?-(Loud
le e' bY 1. * • . • cheers.) Look at all the elections of the present year. There
,ry) ord llowice b.,ing fast asleep under the gal- be highly profitable to the landlord, and to the farmer, the adoption. of it those connected with the
was one Hon. Member, indeed, whom he was glad to see in that
gise--e-Perhaps some ilon. Member on the other snie qf who would get a good price for the butter, ehe-se, and soil would not be very materially injured by
House-the Member for Kilmarnock (Mr. Bouverie); but look
tec:44.- eii w hen the Noble -Lord waked, woad be kind meat which Would be produced from pasture land, while the
.abolition of protection ; h•• had. indeed, said, he at all the other elections, those for Wiltshire, Salisbury, and
(stkIZI & tell him what he (Mr..Feriand) had said.- the demand for rural labour would be greatly dimin- (Mr,GlOstone) knew not upon what authority, that the. everyplace they had contested; what .-had. these contests won
''erra ge"•) That Noble Lrd had esserteal that he (Mr. ished, and thus the agrieultural labourer would suffer agricultur ,l• population formed but a seventl-eof the whole for them? Look at South Lancashire !-(Loud cheers.)
eearr3.lu) had stated that the Member for-Shickport has greatly, while the landlord would not suff.r at all: The people. of the kingdom -Sure_ly the Hon. Gentleman What was the result there ? One Hon, Gentleman was Sent
erat4g on in his factory • the truck :system in all its lion Gentleman had dated that if tne repeal of the must have overlooked Ireland. If the agricultural pOpus to that House, as he said, himself, to be the edvocate of pro-
tele 1, '-se--(Hear, hear.) Now he (Mr. Fertand) had corn-lews, by initreasing the) supply of corn, would dis- lation, with those immediately dependent on them, such tection.-(Cheerie) . But he must eay that the Leagun al-
'l4eranueestleh thing ; but what he stated was, that he un- placnagriculturail labour. every impreeeinent in agrieul-- as taftesmen iii the rural districts, were considered, they ways saw evei.ythlng in. the most favourable light ; wherever
"u le ''' thet the Hon. Member kept cows, and sold milk tare inight be opposed for the same teason. Now, even if wohld, he thought, umouut to nearly ene•half of the they wens, to elly clefeated, they were sure to elann a great
444 13 Wlbrk ee ' , The Hon. Member fair Stockport he were disposed to admit thateimproved methods of cut. whole population of Great, Britain and Ireland. Tee m.uorr.ettuveikceiry! -(Cheers and taughter.) The Hon... Member
IV. 4°t d ep ' Pl-t. S port had described the voters et the rural districts of
Hon Gentleman hrd assumed that the condition of the '
on , ettiee tills ; and therefore he trusted that the tivatiam, by increasing produce, whuld displace rural _ • s • Lancashire as mere bipeds driven to the-poll by their landlords._
tkdtt e 44" rd, when lie [Kehl made such assertions, woud labour. yet that diminution. or the demand Jor rural agricultural population WAS bad, but had not attempted _
ear, . (Hear, hear.) But let them look at the votes given at
tliei. that he had proper data on which to feund libour would be gradual: it would not come with that tet provnthat it was connected with the corn-laws, or in . Alanchener and Liverpool, „even in these great manufacturing
this me T. he Hen. Member who had briught for Ward rapidity and suddenness with& must be the-result of any . any Wise. attributable to them. Yet, en grounds so teens the ewes :were very equally. divided, and he believed
eeerihfietion spoke of conibination for the repeal of the euch propoeition as that contained in the motion of the slight, he asked the House to revoke a solemn decision. that the wealth and intelligence of these places were in favour
'te'r t,t 4'B lhe ( \lr. Ferrand) would have them combine Hon. Gentleman. Bur he demurred to the propoeition so deliberately arrived at. He (Mr. Gladstone) of protection. . Aed.what was the result of their vast efforts in
giFy v: destruction of machinery, for if they did not, of the Hon. Gentleman upon that points Certain agri- could not doubt for a moment as to the course other psrts of the kingdom-had they taken enything by. it ?
(14‘ tal.""ld be sunk deeper in misery still, for the saltv cultural improvements must lead to a diminotion of the: which the Government and Parliament would .On the coeteary-hed
_they not natsel up against themselves.a.
'rite
~l'itering to the luxuries of the millowners. demand for rural lebour ; bet in most eases agricultural take ; he could• • not for a • moment doubt . that vastemorel terse,
(wilheiach tit:eeyr Id nd
i w)ouHad th a grteat difficulty. int
tehil,..':-.i Cern-lew Leave lied for scene time pust been itopcovetneWs would lead to a general increase of- that. they would give no encouragement to an agitation which
,p,atting 4 -,
emns'elf defence tbe whole ety)inotbiserreiyaertassensuf
0 e,,!. eiring "I
to eestroy the agricultural party, in order.' demand. If they !nuked to the imprevement consequent. was proluctive of mischievous effects, and which was 'them'.
fie '(L d h ' ) It sh ld b 'll t d h
ou e reco ec e teat
we,. teleise _,
1", kin, " wnat they called tree trade principleis..- The ulna the general inclusing of waste lands,' oF upon the calculated to shake the confidence of the.peopininb the Englan .- ou c eers.
tbe landlords were the last to move in tbis ceiestion.
''''N•'..„J' , People keew this, and thp Antl-Cornelaw estetaistunent of an extensive system of drainage, the stability of the yreeent law-a law; winch had een They were told that this law svat now cOmpletely condemned.
41,eil•el, (-tared not to go to Manchester and nold a public Him. Gentleman conld hardly. deny but that thoee. im- made as an adeuetment of conflicteng interests, and by public opinion. Though he dui nnt approve of his motion,
eta:ssee4, in support of their prineiplee. o The -working- provfmients so far from leading to a dimiqution, would. which it was. the bounden duty of the Legislature to he thoeght the Honourable Memher for Knaresboratigh had
Pertiennnew that the Anti-Corn-law Issanll-• were the give a stimtilus to th, demand fer rural labour, and would upledd, nnless it could be shown , that it had failed in very fairly stated the case regarding the maeufacturing mu-
te " wli -
40.11 ° uph id the extensitm of r"Chin"rY-that raise wies,es more -.perhaps than. any other means that the purpose for which it had been framed to effectuate. lation. If the question were completely settled -hi the menus
li* . Itier •
,13 biaa. e 3-which prt•vented the labourer frein earning. could be devised. It was doub‘less true that every aoria -n-(Cheers from the Mihisterial benches.) , facturing districts, why nid they not hold their meetings.there,
' t * Lev
-"all s-- "Y the sweet of .his brow. 'Me Horn Gentle'. cultural improvement would diminish the demanefor % Lord J. RUSSELL said he found himself in a posis as they had doae in many cases in the agricaltural dis ric ...
" eelte"tielieled bmn ' h roll-. • mendment- labour..
UWIIIg St E In ddd•••- lr th t. I•Tt th t • ill& the Right Hon.
e quan- ion near y stint ar o a in se lie believed it was because they dared not.-(Cheeni.) .It
~ et ~ _
__ _ y snag t. e
.. veryt mg that ten e to. mums was suspected in the manufacturing districts that their Object
nhe pi. , ‘Lte HOUSe do resolve itselt Into a Committ,e, for tity of labour sleeps, are
yto • re!se one quarter of wheat, Baronet Opposite had 'declared the Government was
11 ",Pose of ' • • in chea ening bread was to cheapen labour.-(Hear, hear.)
vdt't it „ considerlth' the following reselutions :- would diminish the demand for labour so far as that placed in a few nights ago-a very unehviable one. .
To thePagricultural population thendeclaimed on the edema-
te.s . arPeers b- a e -,`" t census that the people of quarter of wheat seas concerned ; but if by the introduc- The Honourable Member for Wolverhampton had taee-
i‘ i (434.ntrY are r 3 ';r Lon . . ! of having--a large leaf at a cheap rate.. This was a most
• 4 evrl That it tion of im rot-emelt . .
ap,dy increasitig in !number. P ts the produce of the. laud could be. e o
ask d the H use not io es;:e into a Committee '• . -
0 - • delightful theme and one exceedingly likely to catch the at-
"' hes .n.ence before this House, that a large proportion increased by many quarters of -wheat, the demand for. on the . corn-laws, but to go into a Cone- . tention of the audience, tor he had no hesitation in saYing that in
nthe nntaiesty's sills:Hie are insufficiently provided with rural labour, as a whole, would be proportionably in- naittee for •the purpose of voting certain • resoletions some parts of the agricultural districts, wages were much too
4:ll,,.'"eatis pr ,
Sil.:"‘ altho . perenasing the first necessary of life. creased.-(Hear, • hear.) The hich would at once destroy every sort of corn-law; he ievt.-(llear,- hear.) But, at the same time, having reed
Honourable Gentle- w _ . .
‘,.. . , ,
d 'cl h h
, pei„ ugh a corn-law is in force which protects the naa,n ha sal tat t osehwho had ori ill he asked the rtouse to wage Wen .against tee application their papers and pamphlets, he must say.' that theyentirely
g na y proposedt
'ad' '(" fOi.)d ' " • ad ' ddtop 1 ed te sinew how this loaf was to be obtained. It had fr.es
i ustry Produced by British capital and native law h inten e ro uce scarcity. Now he rept', of all protective duties in all eases- whatever. On the . fail
esset , and thereby increases its abundance, whilst it dieted that charge.-(Hear, hear.) it was not for him other side the Right Hon. Gentleman asked the House (penny been stated that the present cornslaws infiicted scarcity
les 's coin - • s he- on.tbe people, but he thoneht that point had been satisfectonly
s essee, petition in the market of labour, neverthe- to say whether the expectations of those who had framed to vote against the motion on the ground that t y d II • tit; dth t
posed o yis ig t on. nen . e main me a
dis fb h• It' h H F •
wori ----"lnery has f
, tint, el .. or many years lessened amonn• the the law of 1815 had been realised or not, the Parliament ought to stand by and maintain the nresent corn-laws.
the people had their bread at a reaannable price, hnd that there
ttleh es• aeses the means of purchasing the same. e•That of 1844 was not called upon to pass judgment on that He wee not prepared to vote with his Hon. Friend,
.144 . aornnen . was no stoppage in the transactions of commerce, whilst he
telh having for its object the Protoction of subject-they might have been right, or they might have neither was he prepared to support the maintenance of law nothing but ruin starine the farmer and labourer in
quill, CeaPltal, and the encoura tof tv l b r b
gtmen na iea ou een wrong. Lord Grenville, and those who meted with the present corn-law. The Right " Hon. Gentleman h fe if the corn-Caws were repealed. The
Peed Yen in the
e• s the growth of an article upon which de • him, might have greater cre i g . ene by the see
tit wen to th • h 12.11 .F• d(M V.ll. )te ae
. f edt - f L d
med to dispute wat is on. nen r. 1 ten Honourable Member then re err o a statement o or
114 uubs'
.istence 0 he framers of the la,w. had, he thought, taken tco much pains to 'Rose-that Dune to the effect that even with free trade wheat grown on the
ise , beneee• , f the community, is just in prin- Hon. Member for sagacity than t.
ed. ris, 'al in operation and ought net to be abol- But it was only doing justice to his Noble Friend (Lord cheapness and plenty were great blessings. They were Cotswold Hills would yield to the cultivator a profit of twelve
coo oat it is th ' r them in their ra er books, et the r sent. ; and cited the authority of three farmers in the
sed that law, to say taught to pray fo p y Y Pe
eu3tageseel t , erefore, -expedient that every en- Ripon) who had originally propo
1 and rotec • f 1 o osal ii,' ht Ho f neighbourhood, stating that in that case the poorer portion of
lies, r-Y• which • P tion shall be given to native in- ' that the reason.which he had peen or isyr p . was tg n. Gentleman seemed to doubt the accuracy o
i d ld be th own out of Cultivation. He thanked
n's. anti se 18 the groundwork of our national great- that by giving encouiagement to domestic agriculture these assertions. The Right Holi. Gentleman went on the an s.wou . r .
1 eiante• -"e 80Ure f • the House for having beard him so long at that late hour-
l'ad n'""'in BERKP.T.P.
e o our national wealth." we should instire a more certain and abundant supply of to say, that 'the present. law should be supported ._
(near, hear)-and he only asked the House to considerehe
ee , ...tee, nvie_ , -Y deprecated the attempt which corn than by any other means. H? did not expect tbhat 7 pa2n,ciple, enct on accOunt ef theestebility of' price
position in which the agriculturists were placed. In the egita-
ereelturei `te t° set the manufacturing party and the the Hon. Gentlemen would concur in that argument, ut 1
_. _
ttterded. Well he thought that both the tion of this question the farmers had nobly done their dutv.
itZ•e(4lsiderj)dartY of this coantry against each other. it was but just to the original proposers of that It_ igh_ Hon. Gentleman -and the Right Hon. Beronet at -,_(Cheers and laughter.) Throughout the length and breadih
coltig the _
I, that one could not be injured without in- . law to state. that such was the argument which the head of the Governmennnad, from time to time, and of the land they had declared that they would have no less than
s r!anew neer. He _also regretted to find the Anti- , they hsd used, and it was not right to as- particularly at . the propoststeof the new tariff, given the present protection, and after what had been said by his
nar-Itallst the elaangue persisted in their denunciations • cribe to them motives so offensive in the public i utterance to principles the eery s•everse of those which Right Hon. Friend tbe First Lord of the Treasury, he had no
po' tosra,„ e-eded aristocracy of the country. The mind as those which ascribed to them the intention of 1 the present corn-taw rested don, And he further , doubt that the protection would not be diminished. If agricul-
rt ce g°. Lis coun'r 'w--•th . fi 1 t d ' • The Hon. Gentleman said that the • thought the experience of the present corn-law was too 1 ture were allowed to perish, the best interests of the land would
et be arititbl • • s e ere amoen E. TS o stip-
-0 pro acing scarcity.
IlevOlen e mstientions, and to stand forward in acts I eornslaws limited.the quantity of food • and, slight to allow the warmest advocates of It to make any 1 peri
conse- sh with it.-( Cheers and laughter.)
. ce• kte -deprecated the -priattice::whicia-4he .' 1 - rod ced - ' d aii . g-di no verylavourabie predictions concerning it. There had
quent y, p u scarcity an ease. ewo
.. . Lord HOWICK, whie.rose amidst loud cries of " Adjourn,"
. .
.. _ . ... .. . . - . . . . . . . . . ._ . .

said—that at this late hour, r, hen an adjeurnrnent was wished
for by the House, he it as reluctant to occupy any time. But
as it was also to he wi.lied that the debate should close to-mor-
row night—(Cries of " Now, now," and " Go on. go on ")
he would take that opportunity of making the few o'eserva-
firms which he had to mike upon the question. Ile agreed
with his Noble Friend ( Lord J. Russell) that the fo in in
which the subject has eow brought forward was inconvenient,
and that it would have been better if his Hen. Friend ihe
Member tor Wolverhampton had (neve' tor a Committee of the
eau; e House ; he would has e more willingly supported it.
With all that inconvenience, he would suttport the motion.—
( Hear, hear. ) The question was now between the exi-ting
law and total repeal.—( Hear, hear.) It was the Government
that had broteght the question to this state.—( Hear, hear. )
The House was dri .'2il to deteeinine between two extreme pro-
positions, and he for one, would prefer the vote for the total
repeal of the he. They had just been told by a Member foe
a large agricultural county', that the wages of the agricultural
labourer were much too law, and it had been shown that in
manufacturing districts the wages were too low. The Right
lion. Baronet at the head of the Government had stated that
wages and profits were so low, that he could not risk a reduction
of the hours of labour.—( Hear.) Having these admissions, that
both agriculture and manufactures were suffering in the same
way, how could there be a more important inquiry, than was
proposed by this motion, into the cause of such a state of
things?—( Hear.) (in that ground he was prepared to oive
his sueport to this motion. There was a low and ';i‘tie-
quate reward of labour, and a low rate of profits, which were
attributable entirely to the corn-laws.—(Cheers.) He would
confiee the few observations he had to make to that one pint.
The lien. Member for Knareshrirough had moved an amend-
ment, that it was a calamity to the poorer classes that their
clothes and other matters shoull be made with greater rapidity
than formerly. He wondered that he did not propose to go
back to the aberigusal system. —( Hear, hear. ) In manufac •
tures there had been a great increase of productive power, and
so there had been in aericulture, b-it not t i the same extent.
Each individual labourer in agriculture produced more of
human food than the lebourer of the last century, arid they
produced two or three times as much food as in the time of
Elizabeth the labourers did. Well then, if labourers were
so successful in producing food and clothing at the present d ty,
how was it that they had less remuneration than in ancient days?
'i he Hon. Gentleman who hail just sat down, had admitted
the labourers were in a bad condition in the west of England ;
but why was it that the men had bad wages, and their wasters
bad profits? Taxation did not affect it, because, during the
last '25 years taxes to a large amount had been taken off, but
the condition of the labourers and capitalists had not been im-
proved by it. If taxes did not afford any explanation what did ?
Why, the monopoly of land in England. That. he was right
in this view of the subject was proved by the fact, that wher-
ever land was abundant the wages of labour were hieli.
This was the case in Canada, and in South Australia. The
Canadian labourer, with less facilities for labour, was
paid better than the English labourer, and had better
food and habitations. Toe reason of this was, that
there was a large field for employment, whereas the field was
extremely limited in tilts country. Monopoly and restriction
must diminish wages and reduce profits. This must always be
the effect of a restrictive system. It was a monstrous injustice
to prevent the poor man from making the most of his labour. It
was a peculiar injus'ice on the part of the Right Hon. Baronet
opposite. who, during the late debates on the Factory Bill, had
enlarged so much on the sacred right of every man to the pro-
duce of his own labour, and that it was an injustice to iteerfere
by law with his right to dispose of it. Did they not now inter-
fere ?—( Loud cheers.) If the labourer could exchange the
produce of his labour for thirty quarters of fereign corn, and
they prevented him from from doing so, and compelled him to
exchange it for British corn, of which he could only procure
twenty quarters in exchange for the same amount of labour,
were they not robbing him of one-third of the fruits of his
lebour.--(Cheers.) He did not assume that those were the
proportions ; but whatever were the proportions, in those
proportions they deprived him of the fruits of his hon-
est industry and gave it to another.—(Cheers.) They
took from that man that to which he was fairly entitled.—
(Loud cheers.) This was not taxation for the benefit of the
state.—( Cheers.) All classes were equally interested in main-
taining the necessary machinery of Government. But this
taxation was not for the purpose of raising money. Right Hon.
Gentlemen opposite repudiated the idea of continuing these
laws for the sake of revenue.—( Cheers.) They continued them
for the purpose of protection—for the purpose of agricultural
trotection, which was depriving every other class of the com-
munity of the power of exchanging the produce of their labour
with those who would give them the most for it.—(Cheers.)
It was shutting them out from the cheapest market, and com-
pelling, the weavers, cutlers, and ether labourers of this country
to go to the dearest market for the purchase of their food.—
(Cheers.) That was the real meaning of agricultural protec-
tion.—(Cheers.) It was a gross injustice to the other classes.
—(Cheri.) In all fully peopled countries there was a ten-
dency is profits and wages to fall—that tendency was in some
degree checked by that machinery of which the Member for
Knaresborough entertained so ill an opinion, but if they allowed
food to be freely imported from abroad, although it would not
stop that tendency, yet it would so check it that it would not
be felt as an evil by the great body of the community.—
(Cheers.) It was the means which had been appointed by
Providence to make the resources of thinly inhabited countries
available to older peopled countries.—(Cheers.) Was it right
to interfere with that process ? and not for the purposes of
revenue, but for the benefit of a particular class to
throw difficulties in the way of the importation of
food?—(Cheers.) Was it just—was it wise for their
own sakes to do this?—(Cheers.) He wished he could bring
before them, as strongly as the subject required, the condition
of the productive classes. It was a sacred duty, acknowledged
by both sides of the House, to do the utmost to improve the
condition of the working classes.—(Cheers.) Their condition
was mo=t wretched; they had only to look around them to
satisfy themselves that such was the case. The state of the
eapitalists exhibited a thousand symptoms of the unhappy con-
sequences of this state of things.—(Cheers.) The higher the
profits were the smaller amount of capital was required to en.
able the tradesman to get a living. On the other hand, a low
rate of profit necessarily threw all the trade of the country into
few halide, to the utter ru;n of persons of humble means.
phis gave edse to those overgro.vn establishments which ruined
the smaller traders, and occasioned that marked division of
'ociety into a few rich and many poor, which the Right lion.
'3aronet had, when he introduced the property-tax, deplored as
one of the greatest of social evils. Ii nce originated the diffi-
culties under which the middle classes were suffering ; hence
the over-crowding of professions. The state of the labouring
'classes was worse. They had heard of the miserable state of
the labourers in the agricultural districts.—(" No, no,"
from Colonel Sihthorp.) The Gallant Member for Lintseln,
like himself, came from a part of the country which was
comparatively prosperous, and Lincolnshire was a proof of the
truth of his argument ; for Lincolnshire owed its prosperity to
the fact that, within the last century, a considerable quantity of
additional land had been brought into cultivation. In the north
of England the agricultural labourer vi as comparatively well
off; but it-must be admitted with regard to the agricultural
labourers in the south of England, that nothing ceuld be more
deplorable than their condition. In Dorsetshire, Suffolk, and
Wiltshire, the gre 'test distress prevailed. The case of the
sempstresses of London was a symptom of the same evil—of the
pressure of a crowded population upon the means of subsis-
tence, which forced them to offer their labour for the lowest
amount of remuneration. Some persona proposed emigration
su a remedy ;but her Majesty's Government did net concur in
this view. He agreed in the views entertained on this subject
by the Hon. Member for Liskearri, but in his opinion that
would not be a cure to the present evil. If they did not re-
move the evil, they ought at least to forbear to aggravate the
evils of the poor of this country. That was all the poor aske 1,
and they had a right to ask it. They wanted a fair day's wages
for a fair day's labour.—( Hear, hear.) It was but an act of
justice to relieve the poor from the pressure of artificial restraints.
All other remedies would prove ineffectual. The poor-laws
were alleged by some to be the cause of the evil. He admitted
that in cases of sickness and injury the poor had a right to be
relieved, but general charity, besides being a degradation,
would only aggravate the present evil. Others said it was
owing to greedy masters who ground down the poor. Now,
he did not believe that the manufacturers or the farmers were
to be blamed for the lowness of wages, but Wages were
governed by causes ever which neither had any contri.l,
being regulated by the quantity which the supply bore
to the (demand for labour.—(Hear, hear.) They had the
power, if they chose to exercise it, of giving the poor relief
by taking off those restrictions which every man knew in his
conscience to be inconsistent with those pt inciplee
which Bight Hon. Gentlemen opposite maintained, in what
they called the abstract.—( Hear, hear.) He told them to be-
ware how they persevered in such a system. This was a ques-
tion of rents, and nothlne, else.—(Hear, hear.) He wished
well to land and the landed interest, because his interest was
involved with theirs, and he (vas firmly persuaded, if they looked
well into the matter, they would find it for their own advantage
not to persevere is a course of legislation which was injurious
to all the other classes of the community. The history of re-
striction for the last thirty years furnished abundant instances
of agricultural distress. It was their bounden duty to consider
what Was the condition of the humbler classes. This duty they
should not neglect. A malediction had been pronounced by
divine authority against those who withheld from the la-
bourer his hire, and he thought the malediction would equally
apply to those legislators who persevered in maintaining a law,
the evils of which were fully as great as depriving the
labourer of his hire. In that guilt he (Lord Hriwick ) could
not take his share. They should beware how they trifled
with the feelings of the people. All experience proved that
justice had been too long withheld from the people ; but justice
would be in the end extorted, and, he feared, something more
than justice. There were symptoms which showed that they
were not far distant from that end; He knew that in the
present constitution of that House, no danger might be anti-
cipated from an) sudden political change. But what he appre-
hended was, that a commotion would ensue without door.,
having for its object a very different distribution of political
power than that which at present existed. The people were
under the impression that political power was at present ex-
ercised by the few for the benefit of that few, and the oppres-
sion of the many. The people of the country were, he feared,
being impressed with the conviction that, under the present
system they could nut obtain justice. There was, lie feared, a
bitter dislike of existing institutions becoming prevalent
amongst them, and when once the persuasion that these insti-
tutions were adverse to their welfare got possession of the peo-
ple, that moment the days of the existence of these institutions
were numbered.
Col. SIBTHORP—There was no such dislike.
Lord lIOWICK feared the symptoms of it were too manifest.
How else could the universal prevalence of Chartism in the ma-
nufacturing districts be accounted for ? It had been asked why
the League did not hold meetings in the north of England—in
the manufacturing diatricts. The question was thus solved.
It was nut because the Chartists were favourable to the existing
corn-laws, but because they expected that by uniting themselves
with the middle classes, they would ultimately overthrow both
the corn-laws and the institutions of this country. It was
what these men termed a knife and fork question—it was a
question of food. They believed the cause of the dearness and
scarcity of food was class-legislation.. They must be mistaken
in the remedies whichtbey proposed. but he (Lord H. )firmly be-
lieved that class legislation was the chief cause of their miserable
condition. He would' further say that he did believe that God had
so constituted the world that, with fair legislation, honest in-
dustry could not but obtain just remuneration. If they
wished to obliterate those impressions from the minds of the
working classes, they must improve their condition. If they
wished to take away from them the desire for a new distribation
of political power they must give them cheap food.
Reference had already been made in the course of that debate
to the existence of incendiarism. The Right Hon. Gentle-
man the President of the Beard of Trade, said he was not pre-
pared to deny that distress was one great cause of the pre-
valence of that crime. He (Lord How-ick) was persuaded
that this was the cause. The discontent which prevailed had
arisen from the pressure of distress. Some very interesting
letters had lately appeared in the Times on this subject. The
writer of those letters attributed the distress existing
in Suffolk to a perverson of the new poor-
law, and to the re-establishment of some of those
abuses which existed under the old law. It appeared
that the agricultural labourers were not paid according to the
value of their labour, but according to what the overseer con-
ceived to be their wants. The wages of single men were con-
sequently much reduced. He (Lord Howick ) thought this
was a matter which the Poor-law Commissioners ought
to inquire into and check.-- ( Hear, hear.) But he
thought the whole matter was to be traced to the existence of
the corn-laws. If the corn-laws were not in existence there
would not be that competition for land which at present ex-
j isted, whereby the farmer was prevented from giving his
labourers a lair remuneration for their labour. He (Lord
I Howick) believed that the corn-law was au obstacle to agr.,..

cultural improvement. It was-,me cause of the indispositi n and detailed the facts of his marriage. The conversation
which existed to tal:c leases. It was a distrust' in the stability lasted four hours.
of the existing law which prevented improvement. So long Mr. Et:LE—Did lie state the name of his s
as there was a tear of foreign competition so long Laid CA NII.ItELL objected to the evidence altogether, on the
would there he a want of agricultural improvement. ground that there might be some Ks ?mitt.
He would a'k the Noble Lord the Member for / 'orsetshire, Their Lordship:4, after some discussion, decided on rejeet-
not to show himself ready to undertake a great experiment ing the evidence. and Dr. Loshington withdrew.
for the sake of am,liorating the condition of the working Sir Robert. Stopford was called, and proved bringing his
classes only with respect to those with whom his own interests late Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, in 1793, from Leg-
were not affected. He asked him not to shrink from the same h; nto this country, nod in 1794 taking him back again to
experiment with the same noble object, where his own class Leghern, where they arrived in March of that year.
and his own party were affected.—( Hear, hear.) if no Dr. Nicholas Wiseman resided twenty-two y-ears at Rome.
other means could prevail, he asked him to join them against . Was Coadjutor of the Bishop of Route there. Was aware
those meastire; of restriction which no one dared to defend on 'of the law at Rome usually called the Council of Trent. By
principle, which the very President of the Board of Trade the law there, a marriage to be valid must take place befer e
had shrunk from defending on any snucd principle of corn- the parish priest and two witnesses. All Catholic marriage s
meree ; when that Noble Lord saw the unhappy state of the must be according to the provisions of the Cot mil of Trent.
population in conjunction with there laws, that some- The witness was then examined at some length as to what
thing must be wrong, that there must be impedi- the law was in Rome with respect to marriage, and several
meuts in the way of that system which Provide.,ee evidently books were referred to, written by the Popes themselves on
meant to be the system of the world, by which the abun- the subject.
dance of one nation was sought to supply the scarcity of another. Some discussion then took place as to the manner in which
Seeing this, lie asked the Noble Lord to join them in refusing evidence should be given of what a foreign law was; whether
any longer to tolerate protection, while the great body of the it should be by witnesses or by books.
people were oppressed by the excessive competition of the i The Lord. Chancellor and by
Brougham thought thee-
means of lire, that system of laws, the object and effect of should examine some skilful person, while Lord Campbell
which was acknowledged to be the restriction of the facilities thought they might rely on learned books.
for introducing into the country the supply of food for the Lord DENMAN said there could be no difficulty on the
maintenance of the people.—(Cheers.) subject, because they had both books and learned individuals
On the motion of Co!onel RUSHBROOKE, the debate c present.
I was then adjourned. Lord LANGDALE said the only question was how the wit-
WELSH TURNPIKES. ness was to be examined. He believed the course pursued
Sir J. GRAHAM moved for leave to bring in a Rid to con- was the correct one.
solidate and amend the laws relating to the turnpike trusts in Dr. Wiseman was then re-called—He was clearlyof opinion
Wales. The Right lion. Baronet stated the purpose of his that a marriage at Rome between two Protestants before a
measure, which is to send down a Commission to inquire into Protestant clergyman would be considered in that country
the value of the trusts. to report upon the same, and, the secu- as valid, the children legitimate, and any property they
rity of the tolls being given, to empower the Exchequer Loan might have would descend to their children; and such
Commission to advance money to the trusts, the whole of marriage would not be subject to ecclesiastical censure.
ivhieh are graduilly to be placed under the management The witness then proceeded at considerable length to
county instead of local boards. The county boards were to ad- state the effect of the Council of Trent with respect
minister the roads throughout each county : the roads were to to marriages in the Holy See, in the course of which he re-
be vested in them, and by the Act provision was made gene- fared to several eminent text writers on the subject, which
rally for reducing the present amount of tolls. Provision was canted some discussion as to whether the witness could refer
also made for the appointment of a superintendent with a resi- to them in evidence; or, in fact, whether his evidence could
dence in South Wales. be further proceeded with, it appearing that be had not suf-
Leave was then given to bring in the Bill. ficient legal knowledge of the law of marriage in Rome. •
COUNTY RATES. Sir T. n.ne and Mr. ERIE submitted that the witasess
Sir J. Y. BULLER obtained leave to bring in a Bill for was a competent one.
amending the law respecting the assessment and levying of After examining Dr. Wiseman as to what his jurisdiction
county rates. was as coadjutor Bishop in this country,
SALE OF BU TER AND CHEESE. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL then addressed their Lordships.
On the motion of Mr. CRIPPS, the House went into Cora- and the Committee decided in favour of the admissibility of
mittee on the Acts relating to the sale of butter and cheese, the evidence.
and in Committee. The examination of the witness was then resumed.—lf the
Mr. CRIPPS obtained leave to bring in a Big to amend marriage was brought before any of the Roman tribunals the
those Acts. marriage would be considered legal, and the childrer would
DISSENTERS' CHAPELS RILL. inherit. It is the opinion of theologians and lawyers that
The third reading of this 13111 was adjourned to Friday next. where Protestants are married according to their own form,
FIELD GARDENS. even where the Council of Trent has been promulgated, are
Mr. COWPER brought in a Bill to enable parishes to married. Pope Benedict XIV. issued a bull declaring the
make further provision fur the increase of field gardens for the validity of such marriages, and stating his reasons for de-
labouring poor. cidtng that such marriages had all along been legal.
The other orders of the day were then disposed of, and the Lord BaOuGnam—Has any thing ever been done since at
House adjourned at Half-past One. Rome to vary the construction you have put upon it? Wit-
ness—There.has not.
The SOLICITOR-GENERA/,--Have you ever known a Can
where the validity of a marriage between two Protestants has
come under the consideration of the courts at Rome? Wit-
ness—Not since then.
Cross-examined by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL—A parish
priest could not marry a Roman Catholic and a Protestant,
without have, because it would reeptire a dispensation. If he
were to do it it would be invalid. He would not marry two
Protestants, but supposing he were to do so, the mar -
nage would be valid. It would not be right for the
parish
priest to do it, but if he were to do so it
would be valid, supposing it was performed in the
presence of witnesses. If it were performed by a priest
without the presence of witnesses, it would be void, because
it would be against the decree of the Council of Trent.. If
Protestants are married by a Catholic priest, they submit
themselves to the Catholic law. If a marriage between
Protestants is contracted, according to their own religious
forms, then the Church acknowledges that marriage.
By Lord CAMPREIA.--If a Presbyterian man and a Preaby-
terian woman were married at Rome by a Presbyterian clergy-
man, that would be considered a valid marriage by the laws
of Rome.
By the Somerron;GENEnna—The law of Rome would not
recognise the validity of the marriage of a Catholic priest, al-
though it might. be valid in this country, because it would be
contrary to his vow.
Sir T. WILDE then stated that he tad intended to call as
a witness a very learned gentlenian, a Catholic priest, but he
doubted whether after the last decision the House would
think his evidence admissible. He would however call him.
The gentleman in question was then called, and exa-
mined as follows :—Had studied at Rome, and went
through a full course of theological education—that includes
studying the law of marriage. I am what is called a pro-
fessed father of the Order of Jesuits. lam connected with
Stonyhurst. The law of marriage forms an essential part of
those laws which I had to study.
By the SOLICITOR-GENERAL—I have no judicial functions
to perform connected with marriage. My studies were merely
to qualify me for performing the functions of a priest of the
Catholic Church.
By Lord BetouGnAm—l am a regular priest, not a secular
priest.
The balm CHANCELLOR (after a short consultation with
the Judges and the Law Peers) announced, that in the
,ipinion of their Lordships the evidence of the witness
was not sufficient. Some member of some tribunal
at Rome, or some lawyer practising at Rome,
ought to be called and examined on the subject. or
certainly there would be considerable difficulty in inducing
their Lordships to take the same view' of the subject as Sir
Thomas Wilds. He did not wish to dictate to Sir Thomas
Wilde, but he threw out the suggestion. In a question of
such vast importance it was necessary that their Lordships
should be in possession of the clearest evidence.
The Committee then adjourned rine die, in order to afford
time to Sir Thomas Wilde to procure additional testimony in
support of the claim. When he is prepared, he will com-
municate with the Lord Chancellor, and a day will be ap-
pointed for the further consideration of the subject; the Lord
Chancellor reminding Sir Thomas Wilde of the necessity of
procuring this additional testimony before the Judges went
on circuit.

PARLIAMEN TARY DIVISIONS.

(From the Votes and Proceedings (lithe Houle of Commons.)
)LoNnair, JUNE 24.
POST-OFFICE.
Petition of Charles Stolzman, alleging that Letters ad-
dressed
to him are secretly detained and opened at the General
Post• office, and praying for inquiry, brought up, and read:
Motion made, and Question put, " That the said Petition be
referred to a Select Committee, for the purpose of inquiring
into the circumstances under which Letters have been secretly
opened, delayed, or detained, at the General Post-office, since
the Ist of January last; also, into the form in which warrants
for that purpose have been issued, and the mode in which they
have been executed and obeyed ; the said Committee to report
thereupon to the House, together with their opinion as to the
expediency of making any alterations in the Law under which
the secret opening, delaying, or detaining of l'ost Letters is
conducted:" The House divided :
MINORITY—AYES, 162.
Aglionby H. A. Fox, Charles Richard Pechell, Captain
Aldam, William French, F. Pendarves, F. W.
Archbold, Hobert Gibson, T. M. Philips, G. R.
Armstrori, Andrew tiisborne, Thomas Phili;i,, Mi.rk
Bannerman, A. Granger, T. C. Piumridgc, Captain
Barclay, David Grey, Sir G Ponsonby, C. k..\.
Baring, Y. 'l'. Grosvenor, Lord R. Power, James
ilarnard.E. G. Hail, Sir B. Protheroe, E.
Barron, H. AN Hanmer, Sir John Ramsbottom, J.
Bellew, R. M. Hawes, B. Rawdon, J. D.
Berkeley, C. Hayter, W. G. Ricardo, J. L.
Berkeley, Captain Hen,age, E Roebuck, J. A.
Berkeley, Hon. G. F Hill, LorirMarcus Russell, Lord John
Bernal, Ralph Hindley, Charles Russell, Lord E.
__
Bernal, Cap.am Hobhouse, Sir J. C. Rosen, J. 1)
Blackstone, W'. Holland, Robert. Scholetield, J.
Bouverie, E. P. Horsman, Edward Seale, Sir J. Henry
Bright, John Hoskins, K. Sheil, It. K
Brotherton, J. Howard, C. W. G. Shelburne, Lord
Browne, R. D. Howard, J. K. Smith, B
Buller, C. Howard, Lord Smith, J. Abel
Buller, E. Howard, E. G. Smith, Vet non
Busteild, W. Howard, H. Standish, Charles
Butler, P. S. Ilowick, Viscount Staunton, Sir G. T.
Christie, W. D. `fiery,ph Stewart,
Clay, Sir W. Ilump John Stuart, W. Villiers!
Clement ~, Lord Hutt, W. Stock, Sergeant
Cobden, Richard Jervis, J. Strickland., Sir U.
Colt,orne, W kltidley Johnson, General Strutt, Illward
Colebrookc, Sir 'P. Langston, J. H. Tanerad, H. W.
Col ett, John Langton' W. Gore Thornely, Thomas
Collins, W. Layard, Captain Townelev, John
t owper, Hon. W. F Leader,' .'.T. Train. George
Craig, 5V G. Lemon, Sir C. lroubridge, Sir T.
Currie, Raikes Lcveson, Lord Tufneil, Henry
Dahneny, Lord Macaulay, T. B. Tuite, Hugh M.
Dalrymple, Captain M`Geachy, F. A. Turner, F.
Dawson,l . V. Wfaggart, J. Vane, Lord H.
Denison, W. J. Mangles, R. D. Wakley, TkornLs
Dinison, J E Marsland, Henry Walker, R.
D'Eyncourt, 'l. C. Mitchell, I. A. Wall, B.
Divktt E. Morris, David Wallace, Robert
Diax,'.l.,S W. E. Morison, General Warburton, H.
Duff, James Morrison, James Watson, W. H.
Duncan, Viscount Mums, G. F. %%awn, J. T.
Duncan, George Napier, Sir Charles Williams, W.
Dundas, Frederick O'Brien, J. Wilshere, W.
Dunilas, Hon. J. C. O'Connell, M. Wood, Cnarles
Ebrington, Viscount O'Conor Don Worley, Lord
Ellis, Wpm O'Ferrall, R. More W y se, llicanas
Elphinstone, Howard Ogle, S. C. H. Yorke, Redhead
Ei4llollde, Sir T. Ord William
Ewart, William Paget, Frederick TELLERS
Ferguson, Colonel Paget, Lord Alfred Duncombe, T. S.
Fitzroy, Lord C. Parker. J. Bowriiag, Pr.
Forster, Matthew Pattison, James

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY, June 24.
(Before Mr. Commissioner Gotmenft.N.)
THF. ROMFORD BANK.—IN RE THOMAS JOHNSON, THE ELDER.
—JoHNFTON. JUN, AND CHARLES MANN.
This day was tixed for the choice of assignees in the matter
of these bankrupts, who carried on business as bankers, at
Romford, Essex. The senior partner is the Alderman of the
ward of Portsoken, and within a very few years had filled
the office of Lord Mayor of the city of London. The Court
was crowded during the proceedings.
Mr. Wilkinson, as solicitor for the County Bank, said it
would tend considerably to shorten the proceedings in this
ease to-day, if he were permitted to say a few words. There
was a meeting of creditors at Romford of Wednesday, when
the general feeling was expressed in favour of the appoint-
ment of four of the largest creditors as assignees, and that a
number of powers of attorney to vote in such choice had been
given to Mr. Biscott, and if that gentleman now intended to
use them for those four gentlemen, then we will agree to
their being appointed at once.
The Learned COMMISSIONER thought that such a proposal
was very fair ; and, ati.er some conversation, Mr. Biscott
as-
sented to the proposition.
At a meeting held at Roinford on Wednesday last, proofs
to a very large amount, including those of the holders of
notes and depositors, were taken before Mr. Campbell, the
Learned Registrar of this Court, and the only one which
stood over was a proof tendered by Mr. Stacey, the secretary
of the Agricultural Association, on the behalf of that body, for
SO/. A technical objection, however, was taken to the ad-
missibility of the proof, as the society was not incorporated,
although checques drawn by Mr Stacey on account of that
association had been duly honoured.
The Learned Commissioner demanded the claim to be in-
serted on the proceedings, subject to the investigation of the
rules of the society.
The following gentlemen were then chosen assignees :
Mr. Robert H. George, of Ilford, auctioneer; Mr. John Mee-
son, of Grays, lime. burnpr ; Mr Woodford, of Horrichurch,
brewer; and Mr. John Cooper, of West Ham, miller.
Mr. Wilkinson here begged to observe that there was a
very strong feeling amongst the creditors against the conti-
nuance of any allowance to either of the Johnsons, although
they were perfectly willing to grant it to Mr. Mann.
Mr. George (one of the assignees) strongly urged that Mr.
Johnson had no light to have assumed the position which he
had done, and it was with the view of marking their disap-
probation of his conduct that they now sought to withhold
his allowance.
Mr. Commissioner GOVLBVRN—The grant of an allowance
is in the power of the Court up to the choice of the assig-
nees; but afterwards it rests with them. The object for
which an allowance is granted is to enable the bankrupt to
attend upon the official assignee, and thereby render the
estate all the assistance in his power; and this course I take
to be nit only humane but politic, and a bankrupt shoilld not
be crushed.
Mr. George—l have not, Sir, made my observations under
any feelings of irritation, but as it appears tobe usual to grant
a bankrupt some allowance, I should propose an allowance of
4/. a week to Mr. Mann, 2/. to Mr. Johnson, sen., and 1/. to
the sow. We merely wish this distinction to be made on the
ground of public good, and to mark our sense of disapprobas
tion of the conductjof Mr. Johnson, and to show that we are
unwilling to permit a man Co come amongst us with such ob-
vious intentions.
Mr. Wilkinson—This is quite true, Sir; for a sum of 3001.
was taken (received) by Mr. Johnson, out of which he had re-
tained 401. for his own use.
The Learned Coatsits.sionst said lie was very sorry. but
this sum must be given up, and the assignees could examine
the bankrupt upon that point, if they should think proper.
Mr. Lankliain, for the bankrupt Johnson, said he thought
that there must be some misunderstanding as to the 40/.,,
which. if taken, lie could only attribute to Mr. Johnson's
want of knowledge of the law. He (Mr. Longhorn) alsi
hoped that the assignees would not prejudge a man who, if
lie have done wrong, should only be punished in the proper
way. In addition, he would also pray the assignees not tee
forin a hastvjudgment until the accounts had been gone into.
The total amount of debts proved is abouf4o,ooo/., and the
question of an allowance to the bankrupts was by consent
suffered to remain in abeyance for the ptesant. The amount
of the baukrupts' notes in circulation are estimated at 16,0001.;
but until the bankrupts' accounts are gone into, it. is
Bible to say what assets may be realised.

MAJORITY—NOES, 206.
Acland, 'l'. D Entwisle, William Masterman' John
A'Court, Captain Escort, Bichkam lifordaunt,Str J.
Acton, Colonel Estcouri, T. G. B. Morgan, Octavius
Adore. I.ord I eilden, W. Mundy, E. M.
Adderley, C. B. Feilowes, Edward Neeld, Joseph
Alford, Viscount Filmer, Sir E Neeld. John
Allix, Jshn Peter Fitzroy, Hun. H Neville, Ralph
Antrobus, Edmund Forman, T. S. Neivilegate, C. N.
Arbuthnot, Hugh Fox, S. Lane Newport, Vi.count
A rkwright, Geot ge Fremantle, Sir T. Nichol', John
Arundel, Lord Fuller, A. E. Surreys, Lord
Mlle.;, Lora Gardner, J. D. O'Brien, A. S.
Baillie, Colonel Ciaskelinnes Milnes• Ossulston, Lord
Baird, Willmm Gladstone, W. E. Packe, C. Wm.
Balfour, J. it. Gladstone, Captain Palmer, R.
Baring, W. B. Godson, Richard Palmer, (I.
Baring, Thomas Gordon, Captaia Patten, J. Wilson
Barneby, John Gore, M. Peel, Sir Rob rt
Barrington, Viscount Gore, W. Ormsby Peel, Jonatlian
Baskerville, 'F B. M. Gore, W. R. 0. Pennant, Colonel
Batesoii, Robert Goring, Charles Plumptre, J. P.
Beckett, William Goulburn,:lienry Powell, Colonel
BerestorJ. Major Graham, Sir James Freed, William T. .
Bolder°, Henry G. Greets, T. Price, Richard i
Borthwick, Peter Grimsditen, Thomas Pringle, Alexander
Bat field, Bcriah Griniston, Lord Pusey, Philip
Bowles, Admiral Grogan, Edward Repton, George W.
Bramston, T. W. Raiford, Henry ltichards, i Richard
r,roailley, 11. Hamilton, J. Hans Rolleston, Colonel
Firownrigg, J. S. Hamilton, Lord C. Round, Charles Gray
Biuce, Lord Ernest Harns, EA. J. Round, John
Buller sir J. I. Henley, J. W. Runs, Hon. Captain
Buubury, Thomas Henniker, Lord Ruslibrooke, Colonel
Enna, Sir Thomas Hepburn, Sir T. B. Sanderson' B.
Cardwell. Edward Herbert, Sydney Sandon, Lord
Cartwright, W. R.. Hervey, Lord A. Sheppard, T.
Cnartens. Hon: F. Hodgson, F. Shirley, E. J.
Chelsea, Viscount .Hodgson. R. Kilathorp, Colonel
Cholmondeley, Hugh hope, Charles Smith, I'. B. C.
Christopher, it. A. Hope, Alexandria* Smyth, Sir H.
Chute, W. L. Hope, G. VV, Smollett, A,
Clerk, Sir George Iluniby, John Somerset, Lord G.
Clive, It. H. liouldsw.erth, T. Sotheron, 'l'. H,,.
Cockburn, Sir G. Hussey, Thomas Stanley, Lord
Codrington, Sir W. ingestre, Lord Stewart, John
Compto,. IL C. Irton, S. Sutton, Hon. IL M
Corry, kl. James, Sir W. C. Taylor, Ldward
Courtenay, Lord Jennyn, Earl Tennent, J. E.
Creiswell, Baker Johnstone, Sir John . Thesiger, V.
Cripps, William jolliffe, Sir W. Thompson, Aid.
Ramer, Hon. G. ' Jones, T. - Th riihill, George
Parlay, George Kemble, Henry Trench, Sir Frederick
Davies, D. A. S. Knatchbull, Sir E. . l'revor, lion. G. A.
Dawnay, Hon. W. Knight, Henry Gaily Trollops, Sir John
Denison, E. Beckett Knight, F. W. Trotter, J.
Dodd, George Lawson, Andrew Verner, Colonel
Douglas, Sir H. Lefroy, Anthony . Vesey, ti6ll. Thomas
Dougla', Sir C. Lennox, Lord A. Vivian, John Ennis
Douro, larquis of Leslie. C. P. . . Waddington, H. S.
Dowdeswell. W. Lincoln; Earl of Welby, G. E.
Drummond, H. H. Lockhart, H. 1L Williams, T. P.
Dugdale, W. S. William Wodehouse, E.
Duncombe, Hon. 0. Lvgon, General Wood, Colonel
East, James Buller Itfackenzie, Wm. F. Wortley, Jas.
Eastnor, Viscount Maclean, Dowild . Wortley, Hon.Johis
Eaton, Richard J. M' Neill,. Duncan Yorke, Hon. E. T.
Egerton, W. 'l'. Mahon, Viscount
Egerton Sir P. Si. Itlainwaring, T. TELLER'S.
Eliot, Lord' Manners, Lord C. S. Young, John
Emlyn,- Viscount Martin, C.W. Bating, H. B.

BANK OF ENGLAND CHARTER BILL.
Order for Committee read; Motion made, and Question
proposed, That Mr. Speaker do now leave the Chair:"—
Amendment proposed, to leave out from the word " That" to
the end of the (4ttestion, in order to add the words " this
House will, upon this day six months, resolve itself into the
said Committee," instead thereof :--Question put, " That the
words proposed to be left out stand part of the Question :"
The House divided :
MAJORITY—AYES, 205.

MINORITY—NOES, 18.
Colborne, N. R. NV. Johnson, General Trotlope, Sir John
Collins, William Morris, David Turner, E.
VEyncourt, C. T. NewdegAte, C. N Wakley, Thom
Duncan, George Scott, R. Wodehouse, Estmend
Liisborne, Thomas Seale, Sir J. H. TELLERh.
Hastie, A. Sibthorp, Colonel Wallace, It
Henley, J. W. Taylor, J. A. Muntz, G. F.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
HOUSE.OF LORDS, June 25
THE DUKEDOM OF SUSSEX—COMMITTEE FOR PRIVILEGES, 1
Their Lordships at to-day in a Committee for Privileges, ,
for the purpose of further considering the claim of Sir
Augustus D'Este to the Dukedom of Sussex. The judges
were also in attendance. Amon* the Peers present, We
noticed the Lord Chancellor, the Earl of Shaftesbury, Lord
Brougham, Lord Campbell, Lord Langdale, the Duke of
Hamilton, Lord Beaumont, Lord Cloncurry, Lord Denman,
Viscount Strangford, Lord Redesdale, Lord Wrottesley, the
Earl of Devon, the Earl of Wicklow, Lord Colville, and the
Duke of Richmond; and among the judges, the Lord Chief
Justice of the Common Pleas, the Lord Chief Baron of the
Exchequer, Mr. Justice Coltman, Mr. Justice I'atteson, and
Mr. Justice Williams.
Counsel being called in, Sir T. WILDE proceeded to call
the following witnesses.
Augusta Emma D'Este, the sister of the claimant, proved
the death of her mother and the finding of various corres-
pondence, after that event, between the late Duke of Sussex
and her mother. She also proved and produced the Prayer-
book by which Mr. Gunn married her mother to her father.
The marriage took place at Rome.
Lady Virginia Murray—Was the daughter of the
,Earl of
Dunmore, and. sister of the mother of the last witness. His
late Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex visited their family
when at Rome, and paid great attentions to her sister.
Heard of their marriage at Florence. Recollects her sister
being confined in Lower Berkley-street. The claimant was
the child that was then born. The late Duke of Sussex and
Lady Augusta lived together as man and wife. The claimant
was called the little Prince, or Prince Augustus, and the
claimant's sister was called the Princess Augusta.
The Right lion. Dr. Lushington was then called, and
stated that he was very well acquainted with his late Royal
Highness the Duke of Sussex. He constantly conversed
with witness on matters upon which he took a deep inte-
rest, and several times on the subject of his marriage. The
particular period at which he conversed was when his Royal
Highness was at Halcombe, about 1825, 1826, or 1827. His
itoyal Ilighnem took witness into his private apartments

GUANO.—The steamers, coasting vessels, railways,
&c., are in active operation in conveying this valuable
manure from the various cargoes that have recently ar—
rived into the port of London. There not having been
any importation (luring the last month along the coast
from Plymouth to Newcastle, except into this port, snit
only two or three into Scotland, the demand is thrown
upon this market, and the rain so necessary W evolve the
ammonia from the guano, gives a further stimulus to the
trade, as this m:nuro is so much wanted now for turnip
sowing and the second crop of grass. The only mart
at Liverpool was for sale there on the 25th, and not as
single ship has been reported from either Cork or Fat.
mouth for about a fortnight past, so that no farther
arrivals can be expected for some time.
DEATH OF TIIE DOWAGER LADY GUMMY:C.—.
We regret to announce the death of the Dowager Lady Glen..
lyon. The melancholy event took place atDunkeld on that
21st instant, after a protracted illness, which her Ladyship
bore with exemplary fortitude. Her Ladyship was the
daughter of Hugh, the late Duke of Northumberland, and
sister of the present Duke, and was married in 1810 to Lord
James Murray, second son of the late Duke of Athol, ea
brother of the present Duke. His Lordship was raised to
the peerage by the title of Lord Glenlyon in July, 1821, and
expired on the 12th of October, 1837. The present Lord
Glenlyon, the lion. Charlotte A UgUsta Murray, the lion.
James Murray, and the lion. Mrs. Maynard survive their
respected parent.
he contemplated alliance between Lord Charles
Wellesley, M.P., Clerk Marshal of thellousehold, and Mis•
Pierrepont, only child and heiress of the Right Hen. H. M.
Pierrepont, and niece to the Marqnis of Exeter,. and Ear&
ldanvers, is fixed to take place next Thursday se'imight.

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