The Sun.
London, England, 1826-10-17 00:00:00

RUSSIAN iii-C-,Cl7ll—krfoN OF WA U.

OCT. 113.--The, Russian Declaration of War against
Persi,4 is as follows :--

": The doubts Which-Russitt'entertained respecting the
nature of at sudden and unjust attack are now removed.
Far is whole month Russia was willing to consider it
impossible that the Sovereign tif Persia, in is time of pro-
found peace and in the midst Of an amicable negoeiation,
should without any ground .of serious •difference, naY,,
withoet a pretext for emnplatint, and without any previoue
declaration, halve ordered his troops to invade the Russian
territory, end at the same time to make it the theatre of
ineorreetien and war. This opinhin however natural, wait
mistake. It is not one of the bertarons tribes dwelling
on' our frontiers that has unexpectedly invaded them, as
Ressia,„ in its moderation and good-Will, supposed. No, it
is the Persian army itself that has to tacked our posts, and
advanced towards.the interior of our frontier provinceS.
Nor is it a restless chief, who, in spite of the muumuu' of
the Stied), leads them on—it is his own son, the presump-
tive heir of his throne, that directs this invasion, and ac-
companies it with invitations to revolt. Compelled to
oppose force to foree, and war to war, Russia would con-
slider it as a duty to refine in the presence of Europe the
accusation upon which Persia founded .the- necessity Of
these extraordinary measures, if it were tacquainted,with
the grievances of that state, or could even divine them.
But Aimee) Russia is ignorant of the'. object and the
causes of the (.'o test, which must be nowdecided by arms,
it will, however,. coefieing itself to a sketch of its relations
to'the.Clovernment by Which it is attached, show whether
it had reason to expect such a breach of treaties and of all
the principles of the law of nations.
" At the time when memorable triumphs crowned that
noble alliance which *eyed the :European Continent and
gave peaee to the wOrld, it had pleased Divine Providence
to bless the efforts of Russia in the contest with Persia.—
Several Persiate provinces were conquered by the Russian
armies; urines, in conseqUence of these victories. Persia
lied sulleited peace, a convention between the two powere
was sigarel at. Colima)) on the 19th of Octeber, Hill It
stipulated On the principle of the SValu quo ad prcesente*?.
the *tete of the pots,sessione of both parties, and imposed
upon ,Russia only. two essential ..obligations .towards the
Court of Teheran, viz. To recognise as the la wful heir
to the Pertian throne, that the son of the Sehah, whom
he should Idni'l(-IrSPl"'l"t, us his heir; and, in rancor with
'Persian Commissioners, to settle the new demarkation of
the frontiers, which were assigned by the treaty of Gillis-
tan to the provinces which were annexed• to the Russian
Empire. The first of these obligations was most punc-
tually performed by Russia, end as soon. as the Cabinet DE
• St. Petersbergh learned that teeth.aly
had, tlesiguated his
14011 AbbM Mina for his successor, hastened to recognise
his rights its presumptive heir, with which his father's
decision invested him. The second in' Olen rise to sonic
diffieultios, anti the principal was not yet removed, when
RtisSia had the Misfortune to lose the great Prince who
t
had carried to'so- high a pitch its prosperity awl its alert',,
Meantime the. fiCf,
ltirelZingatiTeui which
ted to the more
important diflicu roofs of the no:
deratiott and frankness. which characterised the policy
th lira
tolfrdetrhse,
tii!`,ltenpe:yorstenAl l'eoxfa°peelkr.ee, fr
In
e01:1161.0ir 111 y l
ta2ll,,Wid:ai
14°01 good-will, which his Cabinet obseri
foreign powers, was also extended to his relattos
r with
Persia. These orders prescribed to Ins Ambassadors and
agents at the C',ourt of Teheran), the mode of :conduct
which AY as beet calculated to convince the Selethihis hew,
and his Ministers,. that Rtissia .had -no thought 'whatever
of conquest,. that, it wished only for repose,- and required
nothing_ but the executions of the treaties. They ,enjoined
all the Russian Authorities to observe the most conciliatory

coduct and measures, which could never tend to give to
Persia just grounds for suspicion or complaint. Lastly, in
the difference which had arisen between the two States,
because Persia, after the cessation of lit-militia, had occu-
pied a tract of tonntryAretween the rivers of Tschuduw
and Kaprinaittschity, Which, by the treaty of Gulistan, wag
expressly assigned to Russia; and because, on the other
hand, Russia had placed posts on a strip of country which
divides to the North-West the waters of Lake C4oktscha
from the mountains that run along it; the Emperor Alex-
ander, far from disputing the rights of Persia on this point,
required no more for giving it up, than that the district
belonging to him' should be given up at the same time; or
he proposed to exchange this rich and fertile tract for that
bank of the Goktscha, which is offer less importance, and
Nv hose dry mid poor soil offered no compensation but thi
vicinity of-the lake. A project of demarcation conform!.
able to these proposals, was presented to die Persian
,court, After long discussions, in which however nothing
unpleasant intervened,. the two parties appeared to be
coming to an understanding in March I8?5, and when
God called the Emperor Alexander to himself, every thing
seemed to indicate that this amicable discussion was dram.
ing to R conclusion.

" The Emperor Nicholas,. inheriting the principles of hilt
august predecessor, hastened to tread in his footsteps. i 6
the month of January he confided to Major-General Primly
Mensikoff an exiraordininy mission to Persia. lie mini.
missioned him to announce to the Schah, and to Prince
Abba Mime, his accession to the Throne, and to this end
addressed autograph letters to them, the friendly espre4.
sion of which only announced the desire to see the exis
tug treaties observed and peace consolidated. The ' futt
peWers of Prince Mentikoff even authorised him to .co
elude an agreement respecting the only :point which d
layed the demarcation of the frontiers—to.renew the abov
mentioned proposal for a change; or, in order to consult sti
more the interest of Persia, and to place the 'of Russi
in their true light, td add to the points already occupied b
the Persians a part of the district of Talagschyne. lie we
further instructed " To convince the Schah and the Here
ditary Prince of.the uprightness of the views of his Impe
rial Majesty, to show them power combined with justic
and moderation, to prove to them that it was the commo
interest of both empires to strengthen the ties of peac
between them, to destroy all their suspicions,—and, last!
to convince them that the Emperor Nicholas desire
nothing more than the accurate and scrupulous observanc
of the Treaty of Oulistan.
" This is the mission to which Persia has answered wit
war. The, principal events that followed are well known
i
Prince Me»zikoff arriving on the. frontiers of Persia, wee
received , with great respect, At -Timis, Abbes Mirz4
loaded him with honours, and the most friendly assurances;
He was soon invited to the camp. of Sultania, to exeunt
the mission of the Emperor to the :Schuh. At the cam
MORIBIIt a, midden movement begin; in Persia: Abbe
Mirxts, anticipating the Ambassador of hits Imperial Mai
jesty, repairs, in the greatest haste, to Suit:lnds...44
Persian troops advance to our frontiers—the posts station:.
ed there are attacked and compelled to retreat—this Rus!
Sian territory is occupied. The Emperor' Nicholas being
informed of these hostilities, was at first disposed to as•
cribe them only to the disobedience of some Persian Comt
mender, who had disregatAed the intentions of his Sove=
reign, and he demanded nothing more than the immediate
removal and examplery punishment of the Studer of Erit
van, whom he 'considered to be the first aggreesor. But
when his orders arrived hi Georgia, it was no longer posf
sible to execute them, and the affair was decided. AbbaS
Mlrza having returned from ' the camp of Sultania took
in person the command of the Persian forces. lie hal;
already occupied a part of the province of Karabasch bet
longing to Russia. lie has excited rebellion there. His
emissaries encourage the Mahometan subjects of his Mai
,testy in the frontier provinces to revolt. The proclamit
tions eimounee a religious war. . Such proceedings canna
remain impimished. Russia declares war apinst Persia(.
It declares that a 4 the treaty of Oulistan is broken, tt wikl
not lay down its arias till it has obtainerl I.,,liarantecs for
perfect seeurity for the future, and a Just inOmnity by an
honourable and solid. peace. _ . , _ ~ '
,_
__

" Given itt Moscms;, the 16th (28th) Sept. 17i"? 6."

EXCJIANGF,S ON 1,0N1)01,i.

TIAMBURGII, Ovr. 13.-36 10. ; two, months, 36 7.

BRIM' N, OCT. 1 o.—Th ree months, 7 01.
I.yiPstn, OCT. 9.—Three months, 6 17 .

VIENNA, 4.—Two months, 10 14.-
STOCKHOLM, Oct. 6.-75 days, 12 It D. SH sets.

OCT, 12.—T0-day ,we have received the
official news that %mitt declared war against Persia on
the 28th of last month. At the sanie time we have re,-
ceived the following accounts, dated the 7th of Septembec,
of victories gained by the ii.itssiturs on the frontiers of
Persia :—Major-Gencral Prince Madatow attacked thi:
Persians on the 2d of September, who occupied a Strong
position on the right bank of the river Chamhora. The
enemy had 2,000 regular infantry, eight pieces of cannon,
'2O falconets carried by camels, and 8,000 cavalry. Melt,.
med Mirza, son of Prince Abbas Mirzu, and grandson if
the Emperor, as well as the Sardar A. Mirchari, brother
of the'Empepo; and other Persian great men, were at the
head of them. The! advance of our army was given notice
at a distance by the outposts 'of the enemy, who were
drawn up in order of battle, and awaited
our approach.--:-
The fire of four Persian cannon, accompanied by mus-
ketry, was pretty violent ; but some artillery placed in
battery on our side soon silenced the guns of the enemy.
Our artillery. was especially directed against the enemy's
cavalry, which soon followed the example of the Com-
mander, Mehmed Mirza, who sought safety in flight. The
Persian infantry was thus deprived of its support, and our
cavalry, consisting of 800-Cossaeka, the Georgian Militia,
and some Tartars from the district of Kazasch, pirraued
the, fugitives briskly, and cut off their retreat. Terror
and confusion seized the Persians: they made but a
faint resistance, and were pursued for • ten Nveiltg. The
enemy lost in this engagement two 'cannon, and above
1,000 men were left on the field of 'battle. Welook one
Cannon, 11 falconers, and several powder waggons. ' After
these advantages, Major-General Prince Madatow
ad-
vaticed to:Elizabethpol,,which Ile took without opposition
on theAth of September; but though this advance,•.after
the victory at Chamhora, was made with incredible rapi-
dity, 1,500 Persian infantry, who ivere in the citadel, sue-
cecded in leaving it before our troops arrived. The enemy
not only did not halt tinder the walls of the city, but were
even seen-,to fly in the greatest,disorder,oa the other'bank
of die Zeyva, beyond Clizabethpol. Our cavalry, which
advanced 20 worlds, did not meat with a single Persian.—
At Elizabethpol we took ,posseSsion of, the enemy's camp,
with large magazines; of -provisions. In the citadel we
found great quantities of flour, powder, and lead. General
Yermaloli adds to those accounts, that Mahometans and
,Armenians had already arrived from Karabasch, who affirm
that since the appearance of the Russian troops, the inha-
bitants of those, parts,werubecome sensible of their tree,
son, and are ready to atone "for it by immediate submis-
sion. On this intelligence. General' Yermaloff
_ordered the
Adjutant-General Paskewitch to,effect as soon as possible
his function with. Major-General Prince Madatow, and to
march to Karabasch.

Mtrittny.--It is really melancholy to have to state,
that instances have recently occurred in
Clonmel,
of the dead bodies of some of our poorer townsmen
having been consigned to the grave without coffins,
owing, of course, to extreme want on
the part of their
families !---Tlie circumstance has been communicatec,
"1 ne by a gentleman who was an eye-witness of a
scene of this harrowing nature at
Cliureli-
trap-al in baii been in, some instances used to carry
the bo ies to the
ilea, where be learned that what is called a
St. Stephen's
rave, after which the tomb is 'closed
on the remains of those objects of affliction and po-
verty without the usual accompouianiment of a coffin.--
The humane and benevolent , w 1 I do well to make
arrangvnents.as .woe i.prevent a repetition of
such distressing exhibitions.-- Clonmel A dveri is cr.:
R