The Sun.
London, England, 1845-05-01 00:00:00

"`~ifl;

LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 1, 1845.

The House of Lords did not sit.

The Commons met at Four.

Mr. DUNCOMBE gave notice that on the second reading
of the Maynooth Bill he should move to limit the grant
to three years.
Mr. S. CRAWFORD gave notice of an amendment to
Lord Joan RUSSELL'S resolutions on the state of the
country, calling the attention of the Hcuse to the consi-
deration of the propriety of extending the suffrage
The third reading of the Maynooth Bill was fixed for
Monday, May 19, and the debate on Lord J. RUSSELL'S
motion on the state of the country, was fixed for May 26.
Sir R. PEEL promised to state his plan with regard
to Provincial Colleges in Ireland before the Holidays.
Mr. WATSON, at the request of Sir J. GRAHAM, post-
poned the second reading of the Roman Catholic Relief
Bill to the 28th May.
Mr. T. DUNCOMBE consented to the discharge of
the order for the second reading of the Arrestment of
Wages (Scotland) Bill, on the understanding that the
LORD-ADVOCATE would take up the subject, and that
there should be no arrestment of wages except upon ex-
ecution.

The Canal Companies Tolls Bill, and the Canal
Companies Carriers Bill, were respectively read a se-
cond time.

The Common Law Process Bill was read a first time,
and the House adjourned at a Quarter past Six o'Clock.

The commotion excited in Great Britain against the
Maynooth grant has been responded to in Ireland, and
bids fair to widen the breach between Protestants and
Catholics, and render the Union a curse rather than a
blessing. Every friend of peace, every lover of his
country must lament the result, because a separation
would be one of the greatest calamities that could befal
the two islands ; and the next to it would be a union
maintained at the point of the bayonet. Should this re-
ligious war be carried on much longer, these are the only
two alternatives to which rational men can look,-tind.the
prospect certainly is sufficiently dismal. When we are
threatened by the United States, when the war
party in France are only waiting for the death of
LOUIS PHILIPPE and the return of M. TRIERS, the
mortal enemy of England, to office, we are torn by
internal dissensions, and sowing the seeds of a civil war.
If any feasible object were in view—if Protestantism
could be made ultimately triumphant, and the Catholic
religion banished from the country—there might be some
rational ground for the attempt ; but all history, the test
of three hundred years, the increase of the Catholic popu-
lation in Ireland, the hopelessness of making proselytes,
by persecution, and the unanimity which prevails
among statesmen of every party against ruling
Ireland by force, leaves not the slightest chance that
such a result could be attained. The speech of Sir R.
PEEL, on introducing the measure, and the cordial sup-
port which be received from the Opposition, and also
many staunch Conservatives, diffused a general joy
throughout the sister island, but the loud clamour now
raised against it, mixed with cries of " No Popery,"
and the marked hostility to the Irish nation displayed
in so many quarters, have destroyed the bright pros-
pects of millions, and rendered this healing measure the
cause of only more bitter enmity between the two
countries. Mr. O'CONNELL is roused to madness
by this unexpected insult ; his ardent feelings are
shared by the whole body of the repealers, and
it is needless to say that the priests and the people
will follow in the train. What else could be expected?
Never was so grievous an injury from so mean a cause
Inflicted on a brave people. They are treated as aliens,
their religion is described as idolatrous and damnable,
and they are not even allowed the privileges of Canada
or the most contemptible colonial possession. The
exiihnn gpasr
lettereosfs thoi
sn st
ce
muu snvet. dr
oy
cbeyon
N.
NaE,gna,
LlmTa
nolh
andrevi
gseedhviulenrr
inCiutns
events,"
it:sheetsonhani iye. s
htEachesl
vet,
ter,hr,gmewy
ofhmoenii
ecal
telhhn.,
even the most apathetic, has been alarmed
have have takenettled
theplacqeueinstioEnu
Every
and
aroused to a sense of national duty, and despair f
any measure of justice from England has sunk deep
into every heart." And in another place--" Much
has been said about the gratitude we owe for
the grant to Maynooth, but I confess that I for one
(and I am joined in the sentiment by the priests and
people of this diocese) feel no gratitude whatever. In
the firit place, our own energies and determination
wrung that paltry sum from a bigoted and and anti-
Irish Cabinet ; nor shall we ever thank the rich glutton
when he disdainfully flings us the crumbs from his
table. Secondly, the grant is so misersblein amount, that
it csu be look° upon in uo other light thou $ sheer

mockery and insult. There are 8,000,000 Catholics in
this country, and the grant would be about three far-
things yearly for each." The truth of this cannot be
denied; but what is of more importance, it cannot be de•
nied that scarcely a whisper was raised against Popery
in this country when no doubt whatever remained that
it was the favourite religion at Oxford, that many teachers
of high rank in th seat of learning had openly avowed
its tenets, and that the heads of the English Church
were either openly encouraging, or secretly abetting a
scheme for reconciling the Protestant Church to the See
of Rome. Where was all this wild roge against Popery
then ? Have not the Irish reason, therefore, for saying
that the outcry is against them, not against their reli-
gion, and, come what may, they never will submit to the
Union on such degrading terms? They have justice
on their side, they have the sympathy of all Europe; they
have the support of the Treasury Bench and the Oppo-
sition Bench in Parliament ; they' have the example of
Scotland before their eyes, and if they rest satisfied with
less than that small country so triumphantly wrested
from an unwilling Government and an unwilling people,
they must admit that they are an inferior race, and
doomed to be only "hewers of wood and drawers of
water."

On Monday morning last the convicted murderer,
THOMAS HOCKER, expiated his crimes by undergoing
the capital penalty of an ignominious death before the
debtors' door at Newgate. Many good, and wise, and
conscientious men have entertained very conflicting
opinions on the expediency, or even the lawfulness of
such punishments. Believing, as we do, that a rigorous
necessity—a vicious principle in the constitution of
human society, or an original disparity between the
moral and the physical or material forces of all laws for
the repression of crime—render this occasional exercise of
this terrible and destroying power indispensable to the
internal peace and welfare of all civilised communities,
we do not pause to discuss the validity of the scruples
and exceptions which are entertained on the subject by
others. This much, at least, is certain—that with the
infliction of the capital penalty the vengeance of the
law is satisfied. After the fatal sentence has been
passed, and the criminal is remitted into the hands of
the Executive to await his fate, the law, on the pre-
sumption that the infliction of that fate is adequately
guaranteed, demands no supplementary suffering, no
penultimate torments, to embitter and render still
more agonising the last closing and fast approaching
agony of existence forcibly terminated. It is now
three centuries, wanting ten years, since the legalised
practice of torture, which up to that period had been the
common precursor of the more merciful, extreme
penalty of death, was abolished. And ever since the
awakened spirit and intelligence of humanity have been
revolted at the notion of dragging to the block, or carry-
ing to the gibbet, the mutilated and mangled victims of
the rack, the wheel, or the iron boot, whose sufferings
appeared to invoke the instant vengeance of Heaven
rather upon their merciless tormentors than on their own
crimes. But in our times there is visited on wretched
capital convicts a "vengeance beyond the law "—after
sentence, but prior to execution—more mentally tor-
tuous, more cruel, more demoralizing in its influence on
the world beyond its victims, than ever the brutalizing
excesses of the old " Press-room" and the " Question
Chamber." This cruel refinement on the demands even
of our criminal code consists in the practice—the per-
mitted, cherished, notorious, heartless practice—of a
direct contravening, on the part of the City of London
authorities, magisterial and official, of the last solemn;in-
junction which the majesty of the law, in the person
of the judge, addresses to the trembling victim,
when it is dismissing, as it were, from its own
person, to appear at the tribunal of Eternal Justice
itself. " Let me beseech you," is the last
human appeal of the ermined dispenser of human
justice to the wretched delinquent wbo trembles before
him—convicted—doomed—hopeless—" let me beseech
you to employ the few remaining hours allotted to your
existence in this world to the duties of penitence and
prayer, and making your peace with your offended
GOD !" The judge does well—and tenderly—and like
a Christian man. He does not add—" But you shall be
brought out from the dark privacy of your solitary cell,
—from the solemn communings of your own memory
with your own conscience,—from the holy, though
mournful associations conjured up by the contemplation
of your present desolation and despair in the strong
holds of infamy and shame with the brighter visions and
recollections of your happier home, your youth's fair
promise, your once generous and manly purposes ;—but
to no secret, though sincere penitential abasement before
the Throne of Grace ; to no fitting retirement in which
self-examination and humility may mitigate the terrors
of that transition which your spirit is so soon about to
undergo from this condition of being to an unknown, an
awful, an unfathomable hereafter ! No. These self-
communings, these reminiscences, these incentives to a
deep devotion, these stimulants to a faith, full of solace
even to the guilty, these tardy but profound prostrations
of the soul and the passions before the idealised presence
of an offended GOD must be rudely interrupted, broken
in upon, dispersed, set aside, and for what? To gratify
the inane curiosity :of a civic functionary;—a Lady
Mayoress's cousin, it may be, or her Ladyship's milliner;
a roué nobleman, never heard of but when some case of
revolting criminality, the exposition of which promises to
elicit details calculated to excite his jaded appetite, calls
him to—' his duties,' forsooth on the bench ;—or a City
sheriff, or his sub;' or a fashionable dernirep, halting,
in the decline of life between the satiety of luxurious
enjoyment and the keener pleasures of an excited appe-
tite for horrors; or the morbid tastes of that vast section
of the community of fools who are always excusing to
themselves and others their own prurient tendencies by
this trite axiom:--' That it is proper for a man to see
everything, however beautiful or detestable, before he
dies.'"

But what the judge does not say the gaoler or the
governor of the gaol does. The culprit in his custody,
who is doomed " to die on the gallows tree," is a pro-
perty to him. Pretty women—must it be owned—
lovely girls, fresh from the country, join the dowagers,
male and female, who besiege " dear Mr. COPE," and
" dear Mr. Sheriff," and " Reverend Sir," the Ordinary,
and all the aristocracy of under-governors, and in-
spectors, to oblige them with tickets that will admit them
to be present at the "condemned sermon." Condemned
sermon, indeed ! Let it be, from this day forth, for
ever, condemned to eternal desuetude. What is the
right—the title—the pretension—that any of these
people have, to parade the wretched violator of human
law, about to be " launched into eternity," (as a vulgar,
but not impartial, nor inexpressive phrase has it—before
the curious, distracting gaze of a hundred people, whose
ill-regulated " curiosity" would contemplate the exqui-
site sufferings of impalement with as much serenity as
they watch the far more terrible ptifig's of a despairing
criminal, who is made regularly to pass through the
farce of a moribund tableau in the last scene but one of
the last act of a doomed felon ? Well, it is cruel, per-
haps ; but let us consider. Can it be no consolation to
him, who feels the fatal noose already adjusting itself to
his neck, to be spoken to, shaken hands with, confiden-
tially whispered to, recognised, smiled at, s) mpathetically
noticed, by a real, undoubted Sheriff, whose golden
chain attests the fact of his attentions to the unhappy
felon to all who have eyes for the insignia of shrie-
valty ? Seriously speaking, these exhibitions have
become disgusting. As the Marquis of CLANRICARDE
well said on Tuesday evening, they are illegal.
But they are more ; and could we hope to express
ourselves forcibly enough after Lord BROUGHAM, we
would endeavour to follow him in his stern reprobation
of that " detestable" pruriency which battens on the last
moments, aspects, thoughts, convulsions, terrors of the
victims whom Justice has marked for her own. We are
well pleased to find that Lord STANLEY manfully admits
the illegality and the abuse complained of ; we have no
doubt of their speedy removal. They are a disgrace to
our age, to our country, to the progress of civilization.
But the most revolting passage in the last scene of
ROCKER'S recent tragedy is this—that, half an hour
before the period assigned for his extinction, that body of
persons appear who designate themselves the "represen-
tatives of the press," but who are probably the "rejected
ones," called " Penny-a-liners"—were "admitted into
the chapel-yard," with sheriffs, under-sheriffs, and gaol
governors. At this time the wretched young man was
with clasped hands listening to the Ordinary, relapsing
ever and anon into fainting fits. In a quarter of an hour
more a sheriff comes to the " gentlemen of the press"
with a sort of intimation that they may enter the con-
vict's cell l—that cell, in which he is offering up his last
supplications (let us hope, at least) to the ALMIGHTY.
In this condemned cell he is informed by the chaplain
of Newgate that the "gentlemen of the press" are pre-
lwegeloeadhheeerde
might,h
pre-
sent, anxious to know (and more anxious to record)
whether " he has anything further to say for the infor-
mation of the public." Strange to tell, he takes
very little notice of the intruders. But on
his attention being again (most improperly and
cruelly, as we think,) directed to the fact, that these
" gentlemen of the press" were there, the miserable
man, startled in the very outpourings, we may suppose,
had
dnrsecvieenrecne
tbiaelfloyrebetehne
lmisitneinsitnegr otof,that
ex-
claimed, I cmasnhpnooousetldds.bayaivfaeny thing now, Sir ; I am not
of
foni
been shdpci iesctelhonmwvt lsehiyrni
hadpaedr
ho
na known ns
perhaps."
nr
Ne tochhada tpo
uttebhrte
added
fh ai dt
to those which r cord the terrible results of that facti„

tious self-possession, and inordinate vanity, which, being
administered to by the minute and incessant attention of
these intrusive, übiquitous, reckless, unscrupulous, omni-
vorous "gentlemen of the press," make so many present
victims to the violated laws fearfully insensible to their
crimes and to the infamy of their notoriety; and call
into a noxious activity so many future follovk ers in their
flagitious career. Happily for the body of legitimately
occupied " repo, tees," (and the sooner they can be per-
suaded to recognise that designation, only, for their im-
portant and invaluable calling, the better for themselves
and fur society,)—they run little risk, from their talent,
their character, their pursuits, or their deportment, of
being confounded with this "profanum vulgus," which
at once panders to and perpetuates the dreary succession
of criminal enormities that they live by recording.
Great criminals and bad historiographers have become
a national curse. It is well that the Government means
to abolish so fruitful a hot-bed for both as the " con-
demned sermons" of the Newgate Ordinary.

We have accounts from Madrid to the 23d ult. On
that day the Chamber of Deputies discussed the second
article of the budget, when the Finance Minister de-
manded an authorisation from the Cortes to make cer-
tain regulations respecting the public debt. Senor
LIEOAs opposed the motion, declared the debt exhibited
a perfect chaos, and the amount was frightful. The
Finance Minister said much misapprehension prevailed
on the subject, founded on mistakes and erroneous calm •
lations, and bosidts the measure was absolutely neces-
sary. Something must be done to place that debt on a
proper footing. Senor PACHECO put a question to the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, relative to a note
said to have been addressed by the Spanish Am-
bassador at Rome to Cardinal LAMBRUSCHINI.
the object of which was to calm the apprehensions ft lt
by some Spaniards with regard to their oath to the con-
stitution, and which had been brought under the notice
of the Holy See. The Minister admitted such a com-
munication had been made, but declined to produce it.
The following is the note referred to :

" Her Catholic Majesty the Queen Isabel has seen with
regret that the oath exacted by the constitution of her
kingdom had disturbed the consciences of some good Ca-
tholics. Her Majesty is convinced that the above-mentioned
constitution, modified in the sense that it has been, ought
so much the less to excite those inquietudes, inasmuch as the
Catholic Apostolic and Roman religion will continue
to be professed in her states to the exclusion of all
other worship. Nevertheless, having consideration to
the title of Catholic Queen, with which she is honoured,
and her lively interest for the spiritual good and
interior tranquillity of her faithful subjects, her Majesty, in
order completely to tranquillise all consciences, has deigned to
order the undersigned, her Minister Plenipotentiary, to de-
clare solemnly in her name that, in exacting from the public
functionaries, and other subjects, the above-mentioned oath,
it is to be well understood that no one is obliged, in virtue of
this oath, to do anything, whatever it might be, that might be
contrary to the laws of God and of the Holy Church.
" The undersigned, in directing the present declaration to the
Cardinal Secretary, according to the orders which he has re-
ceived from the Queen, his sovereign, to that effect, has the
honour to beseech his Eminency to be pleased to bring this
declaration before the Holy Father, and to receive at the
same time the sentiments of his high consideration.
(Signed) "JOSE DEL CASTILIO Y AYENZA.
" Royal Palace of Spain, 29th March, 1845."
The Three per Cents were done at 35k, at sixty days;
Five per Cents, at 25k, at sixty days ; the Coupons at
28k, at sixty days ; and the Debt without interest, at 84,
at sixty days, with 5-16 premium.

From a brief discussion which took place ia the
French Chamber of Deputies on Tuesday, it appears
that the representatives of the people are resolved not to
increase the army estimates to carry out Marshal Bu-
GEAUD'S conquests in Africa. They think the expenses
are already sufficiently great, and that he ought to be
satisfied with a gallant army, amounting to at least
80,000 men. M. DE BEAUMONT put some questions to the
Minister of War relative to the proposed expedition against
the Kabyles. Marshal SoULT said it would be inconve-
nient to discuss in that place the plans of a campaign,
but he might state that a demand had been made by the
Governor of Algeria for two additional regiments, which
could not be acceded to, as the Chamber did not seem
disposed to vote the necessary funds for the pur-
pose. The expedition, therefore, had been abandoned-
The Chamber voted the indemnity to the French agents
in Morocco, who had suffered losses by the war. M.
BILLAULT disapproved of such grants, as he thought the
money should have been paid by the Emperor of Mo-
uocco. The Committee on the Paris and Lyons Rail-
way have decided unanimously that there should be a
separate terminus for this line, and that it should
be erected in the neighbourhood of the spot formerly
occupied by the Bastile. In the Chamber of Peers, the
new Peers, among whom was M. VICTOR HUGO, took
the oaths and their seats. The accounts of M. GUIZOT'S
health are not quite so favourable. It is said that he
labours under a chronic disease of the liver, and could
not resume his official labours for some months. This
1 circumstance caused a slight depression of the Funds.
Accounts have been received from Otaheite to the 4th
of January. The Journal du Havre says :
"Admiral Hamelin had arrived there in the Virginie frigate
a few days before, but nothing had transpired respecting the
object of his mission, and his presence had not produced any
result. The situation of affairs was such as the last news
had left them. The natives, still intrenched in their camp,
continued to guard an expectant attitude, without, however,
having recourse to acts of hostility. They appeared to be
guided by the conduct of Queen Pomard, who was still in a
little island to windward, and who refused all communica-
tion with the French authorities. The Phaeton steamer had
been charged with afresh mission to her, but had returned to
Papeita without being more successful than at first. It was
reported that she had rejected an overture from Admiral
Hamelin, and that she would not even receive a letter from
his Majesty. Louis Philippe, written to her with his own
hand. Her intention, it was said, was not to enter into any
communication with the French authorities except in the
presence, of the English Admiral, who was expected to ar-
rive shortly in an 80-gun ship. The sanatary condition of
the colony was most satisfactory. The troops of the gar-
rison and the crews of the vessels on the station, consisting
of the Uranie and Vaginie frigates, and the Ariane and
Rhin corvettes. were co-operating actively in the erection of
buildings for habitation and defence."
THE BOURSE--TUESDAY, APRIL 29.
First lliglast Lowest Last
Price. Price. Price Price.
French Five per Cents. •••• 119 20 .. 119 20 .. 119 10 .. 119 10
Four-and-a-Half.. •• 115 115 .• 115 .• 115
r0ur5...........• •• 108 50 .. 108 50 .. 108 50 .. 108 50
Loan Three .1'•e•r•C• ::,.6883650 35 ••••••
6883560 63:7
6883564 5205
6883560 (1))
Bank of France •••• •••• •••3260 •
••3260 "3260 .. 3260
Gouin Bank I,ooof Shares-1107 80 ..1107 50 ..1107 50 ..1107 58
Belgian Bank . •••• •"•••••
Belgian Fives, 1840.. •• •• •• I'3 •• 103 103
1842 ....... . 1054 .. 105}. .. 105?,4 ..
10642 M .. 1044602%
18 .. Is .. 18''
l•
1044:2 . • 42
Passive ......... • 814 • • ••
1
Spanish
NTAele4wtrieNe'Des 18 ..

RAILWAY SHARES.
Versailles, R.B •••••• • • " • • ~525 • 525 • • 520 • • 520
L. 8.• •• • • •••• •• "'" • 335 .. 332 50 .. 332 50
Rouen
............•• •• •• ••1085 . 1085 —.1085 —lOB5
Rouen to Havre•• ....... 870 •• 880 .. 870 .. 880
Orleans
1215 ..1215 ..1195
..1195
• ...... • ••' •" • • ••••
Strasburg to 8a1e.......... 287 50 .. 287 50 .. 2,10 .. 280
Avignon to Marseilles•• •• •• 1000 ••1005 ..1003 • 1005
Bordeaux to Tests ........ 215 .. 215 .. 210 .. 210
Orleans to Vierzon •••• • • • • 812 50 812 50 .. 810 .. 810
RAILWAYS FOR THE ACCOUNT, MAY 3
St. Germain •
..... 520 .. 525 .. 517 50 .. 517 SO
1055 ..1057 50 .•1040 ..1045
• •••• •• •• ••
Versailles, R. 8.. •• ••
330 .• 332 50 .. 327 50 .. 327 50
1085 ..1085 ..1070 ..1070
Rouen to Havre . •••• •• •••• 892 50 •• 892 50 .. 867 50 .. 867 50
1225 ..1225 —ll3O ..1195
.. 287 50 .• 287 50 .• 280 .• '2BO
Strasburg to Bale • • • • • •
Avignon to Marseilles •• •• ••1010 .•1010 ••1000 ..1005

The Queen and Prince Albert, attended by the royal
suite, arrived at Buckingham Palace at twelve o'clock
this day, from Claremont. Her Majesty and the Prince
are expected to pay a visit this afternoon to the Royal
Academy Exhibition, in Trafalgar-square.
_

MORTALITY IN THE METROPOLIS.—The number of
deaths during the week ending April 26, was 904, show.
ing a decrease of 24, as compared with the previous week,
and about 60 less than the average of five years.
We arge glad to see that the fatality from diseases of the
lungs and other organs of respiration is now reduced to
übout the average. Bronchitis and pneumonia are the
only exceptions. There were thirteen violent 'deaths
including lour suicides, one murder, and two from burns.

THIS DAY'S NEWS.

EXCHEQUER.-(THIS DAY.)
TRIAL AT BAR. .THE GREAT DISTILLERY CASE.
THE ATTORNEY. GENERAL V. GEORGE SMITH.
The Court again met at ten o'clock this morning, and the names
of the jurymen having been called over,
John Dring was placed in the witness.box and examined by Mr.
MARTIN-4 am in the employ of George Smith, and have been so
for eighteen years. In the year 1843 it was part of my duty to
attend to the receiver. I recollect Batten, the officer, coming to
the premises on the 18th of December. I saw Drinkwater and
Batten in the spirit warehouse at two o'clock in the afternoon.
They were speaking to Mr. Smith. I left the spirit warehouse
before them. I had been near the receiver from twelve o'clock of
the preceding night till six next morning. I did not observe that
the board around the suction pipe was loose. I recollect,
in June, 1844, Patten being inside the receiver. I was
outside, and he inside, and I heard him knocking.
He asked Gates, who was along with me, if he had
such a thing as a hammer or chisel. Grates said he had
nothing but a candle. I had the rod used for turning the cocks
in my hand. lie took it out of my hand, and he put it under..
neath and knocked this plug out. I never had noticed the plug
before. He then came out of the receiver. He then said that he
had thumped it out with his finger. I saw him do it with the
iron rod.
Cross-examined by the Soriciron.GErannat,—lt was my duty to
attend to the third receiver.
By the Loao CHIEF BartoN—The force required to knock out
the plug in the cover of the receiver wits very violent.
Cross-examination continued—There was a pump kept in the
spirit store-room. It was not a moveable pump. I never observed
the boards on the cover of the spirit-receiver loose. I never ob.
served the nails there.
Re-examined by Mr. Mean:sr—l was sent for by Mr. Drink.
water when the hole in the spirit-receiver was discovered. I was
standing on the receiver when Batten was inside, and what he
struck first was the flap on the receiver, and he struck three or
four times afterwards, but where I cannot say.
By Mr. Baron PLATT—I attended the receiver for between three
and four years, and during that time I was in the habit of entering
the spirit-warehouse once or twice a day. Ido not know of any
cupboards there. I know of only one pump there, and it is a
fixed one. I can point out in the plan where the sprit still.
room ie,

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 1, 1845.

Mr. Baron PLAIT—Come down, then, and point it out —The
witness did so.

John Hodges examined by Mr. MARTIN—I have been five years
in the employment of Mr. Smith, as millwright. I recollect being
sent for by the two Surveying-Generals in the month of March,
1844. Some time before that I had removed the valve from the
stand-pipe above the buckets, and its use was to prevent liquor fall-
ing down when repairing the buckets. It was of no use for pump-
ing up liquor. It acted in this way—when the stream rushed
through the pipes it stood a little up or open, but when the stream
ceased it shut. The valve had become leaky, or what is termed
honeycombed, and I took it out for the purpose of getting it re-
paired. It was taken out some two weeks before the Surveyor.
Generals came, and when they asked where it was, I told them it
was in the coppersmith's opposite, and I went and got it, and af-
terwards showed it to them.

Cross.examined by Mr. JARVIS-I have an assistant occasion.
ally. His name is James Julien. He is not constantly em:loyed.
I saw him outside the Court here yesterday. I attended to the
rack cocks. They are fastened by wire. My duty is to keep the
eocks in repair, but I have nothing to do with regulating the liquor.

John Stanford examined by Mr. MARTIN—I have been in the
employ of the East London Water Works for 18 years ; and in
1t36 I attended to the pipes which supplied the premises of Mr.
Smith with water. I know the pipes that lead to the granary. I
rccollect the pipe being laid down from the gateway of the distil.
lery to the rectifying-house. I suggested that stop.cocks should be
placed on these pipes. I made the suggestion to Mr. James Smith.
The reason was that a pipe had burst and inundated the granery
some time before. The company sent stopcocks out, and men to
put them on. The boxes had the initials of the company.
Mr. MARTIN—My Lords, you wili find the bill for these charged
to Mr. James Smith in June 4, 18:38, amounting to 171. 15s.
Examination continued—When the pipes were laid down they
were open to the public.
Cross.examined by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL—I did not attend
to all the pipes that supplied Mr. Smith. I attended to the one
that supplied the vats. I never supplied other stop-cocks fur other
private persons.

Charles Marshall examined by Mr. WATSON—I am a veterinary
surgeon, and attend the stables of Mr. Smith. I was in the stables
on the 23d of Oct. The water to them Is supplied by a pipe. On
that day I observed a strong smell of spirits from the water. It
might be about 11 o'clock. The horses did not like it at all. They
did not like gin and water.—(Laughter.) They would not come
near the pail.
By the CHIEF BARON—Several buckets were allowed to run into
the trough, and then a bucket was taken for the horses.
David Atkins examined by Mr. GREENWOOD—I was footman in
Mr. Smith's house, and recollect the 23d of October. The water
in the pantry was tainted with spirits, and I pointed it out to Mr.
Smith. My attention was directed to it by the smell.
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL—And taste afterwards, I dare say.
By Mr. GREENWOOD—I noticed the state of the water for some
time after.

Cross.examined by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL-4 did not notice it
some days after. We used the water for all domestic purposes.
There is a force pump in the house used for forcing up water for
domestic uses.

Alfred Mason examined by Mr. WATSON—I have been em-
ployed by Mr. Smith as surveyor upon this occasion. I made the
plan of these premises. I was called in on the 24th of October. I
went into the house on the 24th of October and tasted the water in
the dairy. It was flowing from the tap, and was tainted with spirits.
James Beck examined by Mr. WATSON—I have been employed by
Mr. Smith for many years as surveyor. There is a branch pipe
which supplies the house with water. There is a force pump in
the cellar, which I presume was there in 1832.
David Atkins was recalled, and asked by the Lord Chief Baron
how often the pump was used. The answer was every morning,
excepting Sundays.
Mr. James Smith was asked by the Lord Chief Baron how long
the pump had been upon the premises. The reply was since 1813.
Wm. Jacques examined by Mr. MARTIN—I am an officer of
Excise of twenty years' standing. I had been employed from 1833
to 1843 at Mr. Smith's distillery. I was principal officer there. I
recollect the opening from the distillery gate to the rectifying_
house in 1836. Ido not recollect the pipe being laid. The old
rectifying.wall was pulled down, and a new one built; and Mr.
Phillips (since dead) pointed out where the old water communi.
cation had existed. Mr. M'Culloch was the superior officer at the
distillery before Mr. Drinkwater came. He left in October or
November, 1841. Mr. M'Culloch was preceded by Nir. Carpenter.
There was an officer on the premises for a short period between the
remova; of M'Culloch and the arrival of Drinkwater. His name
is Spyvie, and he is still in the employment of the Excise. The
communications to the Board of Excise are made through the su-
perior officer.
Cross-examined by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL-Mr. Phillips, in
his conversation with me referred to the old communication, and
directed me to state to him what I saw relative to any a.tempt to
Ily down a pipe. I saw no pipe laid down, and knew of none laid
down. In my ten years' experience there, I knew of no other
communication except by the open trough.
Re-examined by Mr. F. KELLY-Mr. Phillips and I with all the
officers on the premises knew of this opening.
Dr. Ure examined by Mr. KELLY-I am professor of chemistry,
and well and practically acquainted with the stature of visits. I have
seen the pipes to which the experiment of passing spirits from the
distillery to the rectifying-he use was effected, and I know the
branch pipe leading to the officer's-room. The branch very
slightly declines. In his judgment (which was formed, nut only
on his previous chemical knowledge, but actual experiment from
the plans) it would be impossible to pass water through the pipe
from the distillery to the rectifying house without leaving a large
quantity of spirits in various parts, which would take a considerable
time to mix with the water, which would, therefore, in the mean.
time, have a strong smell and taste of spirit.
A long discussion then took place as to the quantity of spirit
which would remain in the pipe leading to the officer's room. It
was at length calculated and agreed to that there would remain at
least fifty gallons.
The Loan CHIEF JUSTICE said it had been prove.' that, after
the experiment made by the Excise, the water supplied to the
officer's room, the stables, and the dwelling-house, was tainted with
spirit for several days.

Mr. JARVIS said, if his Lordship would look at the plan he
would sea, that if the experiment had been made by the trader
himself, it would be e•tsy to draw off every particle of spirit from
the pipe at the officer's room and pass it directly to the wash tub.
The LORD CHIEF BARON—It is so. It Is quite clear that there
are sufficient means of preventing a drop of spirit from being lost,
or any taint being left for a considerable time ; I do nut speak of
the blind pipe, for I cannot see how it could be got out of that.

Dr. tire's examination contioued—The pipe, in its ordinary
state, was not capable of carrying spirits. It was necessary to
render it air-tight throughout its course. The same pipes could
not be used habitually and alternately in the conveying of spirits
and of water through so great and complicated a length. The
pressure of the water from the tanks would be rather upwards,
and air-holes in the pipes would not interrupt the course of the
water, which would tend to escape up through them in spurts ; but
the pressure of the air through a very sm .11 air-hole would prevent
the passage of spirits which could not proceed until the air was shut
out. He said this on the suppositson that the pipe must be worked
ur•on the principle of the syphon.
By the LORD CHIEF BARON—It is not necessary to work this
machinery of pipes upon the syphon principle. If the vat, No. 8,
were constantly kept full, or not quite full, but up to seven feet—
that is half full, it would not be necessary.
Mr. KELLY—That is supposing that vat 8 was used with the
new series of piping employed by the officers.
The LORD CIIIEF BARON did not imply that it had been done.
Dr. Ure cross-examined by the SOLICITOR-GENERAL—Has not
discontinued to be employed by the Government and Exci• e. Had
written a book called " The Revenue in Jeopardy." Had not
undertaken to pay off the National Debt.—(Laughter.) Had proved
that by frauds on the Excise the revenue lost half a million sterling
out of six millions.

The Soucrrort.GcNeast—That is all I shall ask you.
The LORD CHIEF BARON—Dr. Ure, are you aware what is the
duty en spirits, and what the prime cost per gallon ? Dr. Ure—
The duty is 7s. 10d., and the value of the spirit without the duty
is under 2s. 6d.

The LORD CIIIEF BARON—Then it is not the fact that the
trade could afford to lose one hundred gallons out of every two
hundred ? Dr. Ure's answer was not heard.

The jury then retired. When the Court resumed,
The SOLICITOR-GENERAL rose, and was
(LEFT SPEAKING.)

OPENING OF HUNGERFORD AND

LAMBETH SUSPENSION FOOT-BRIDGE.

Pursuant to public, notice this bridge was opened to the public
at twelve o'clock to.day. Long before that hour immense
crowds of people were assembled at the approaches on both
sides of the river, anlicipa*.ing the usual formalities
that accompany such an interesting event ; but they were
doomed to be disappointed, for with the exception of a display of
flags, there was no ceremony of any kind on the occasion. The
toll is one halfpenny each person, and the arrangements for re.
ceiving it are similar to those at Waterloo-bridge.
It stands much higher above the water than any of the other
bridges, and its light and airy appearance presents a very marked
contrast to the solid and massive structure a little lower down, of
which it threatens to be a formidable rival. In consequence of
the wind being rather high, there was a geatle swinging
about the centre, that resembled the motion of a vessel
in rough water, but it was not so great as to cause any
inconvenience to passengers. Judging from the immense crowds
of people that were continually passing to and fro, its strength and
powers of tension will never again be subjected to a greater strain,
at least by foot passengers. The police were in attendance, to
preserve order.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.

The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were 10,000
bah s, 5,000 of which were taken on speculation. Prices
were very firm, and buyers had the market rather
against them. Railway Shares were rather better,
and there was more doing at the rates subjoined :
Armagh and Portrush, 31. 2/. 18s. 9d. ; Barnsley Junction,
Half Shares, 1% : Birkenhead, Manchester, and Cheshire
Junction, 8% ; Birmingham and Gloucester, 135 ; Black-
burn, Darwen, and Bolton, Si. 18s. 9d. ; Belfast and Bally-
mena, 91% ; Bolton, Wigan, and Liverpool, 11% 1/2 ; Cale-
donian, 12 11% ; Ditto, Extension, 765. 3d. % ; Cambridge
and Lincoln, 7% %; Chester and Birkenhead, Half Shares,
231/, ; Chester and Holyhead, 16% ; Churnet Valley, 71/8 .
Clydesdale Junction, 8 ; Cork and Bandon, 8% ; Cork and
Killarney, 31/ ; Cork and Waterford, 2% ; Dereham and
Ncrwich, 11/4 ; Dublin and Belfast Junction, 12 11% ;
Dublin and Galway, 3% ; Dublin, Mullingar, and Athlone,
5 43% ; Dundalk and Enniskillen, 513 Bs. 9d. ; Eastern
Counties, 2014 ; Edinburgh and Glasgow, Quarter Shares, 16 ;
Ditto, New Quarters, 61/2 %; Edinburgh and Northern, 2%;
Glasgow and Dumfries, 295. ; Grand Junction, 227 ; Ditto,
Half Shares, 1131/ 114 ; Ditto, New Quarter Shares, 4414 ;
Ditto, Eighth Shares, 1911. ; Great Grimsby and Sheffield,
614 ; Goole and Doncaster, 19s. ; Huddersfield Canal and
Railway, 8/. 185. 9d. ; Inverness and Perth, 16s. ; Jamaica
Junction, 434 ; Lancaster and Preston, Quarter Shares, 91/s ;
Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston, 58s. 6d. ; London and
Birmingham, Quarter Shares, 32% • Londonderry and En-
niskillen, 41,4 ; London and York,i 5% 1 is 6d. ; Direct
Northern, 2:3/4 ; Leeds and Dewsbury', 10% %; Leeds and
Thirsk, 6 ; Leeds and West Riding Junction, 7% %; Lynn
and Dereham, ; Manchester and Buxton, 6% ; Man-
chester, Sheffield, and Midland Junction, 8 734 ; Manchester
and Leeds, 137 ; Midland Railway, 158 159 ; Ditto, 40/.
Shares, 193 ; Ditto, Fifth Shares, 4 3% ; Newcastle and
Berwick, 14/2 ; Newry and Enniskillen, 514 ; North British,
Half Shares, 5; North Western, 4% l ls. 3d. ; Oxford, Wor-
cester, and Wolverhampton, 375. ; Sheffield and Manchester,
116 117 ; Ditto, Quarter Shares, 15 ; Sheffield and Lincoln,
335. 325. ; Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Cheshire, 54 ; South-
Eastern and Dover, New Shares, No. 2, 914 %; Ditto, No. 3,
734% ; Scottish Central, 71/2 ; Trent Valley, 1914 34 ; Trent
Valley Continuation, 2%14, ; Welsh Midland, 1% 2; West
Yorkshire, 71,4 6%; Wexford and Carlow, 5 %; Worcester
and Tring, 4% ; Austrian and Sardinian, 5 ; Bordeaux,
Toulouse, and Cette, 51s. ; Northern of France (Laffitte's),
5%34 ; Orleans, Tours, and Bordeaux (English), 11%;
Paris and Lyons, English, (Laffitte's), 2% ; Paris and Lyons
(Ganneron's), 51s. 2%; Paris and Rouen, 42; Verona and
Ancona, 2% 465.
It appears that we are still threatened with a flood of fo•
reign schemes, French, Dutch, Belgian, Spanish, Portu-
guese, and we know not how many others, although any re-
flecting man must see that the number of those already pro.
jected, or even of those actually subscribed for, with the
view of accommodating districtsof the United Kingdom really
much in want of railway facilities, is beyond what the surplus
capital of the country is likely to be able
to meet. In fact there is not a shadow of necessity for a
single new foreign line being brought out here, and except
some of the French, such as Paris and Lyons. Bordeaux and
Toulouse, and Tours and Nantes, counting first-rate men in
their direction, and promising a very ample return, we are
glad to see that some of the lately published foreign schemes
show_ very weal; committees. They may Oe respeotable,

but they are neither influential nor wealthy. The
English, Scotch, and Irish lines, on the contrary,
are most - commanding in this respect. The first
landholders, merchants, and manufacturers are enrolled in
their behalf, and there is no risk of total forfeiture in the
event of a Continental war. Perhaps if the Scotch and Irish
lines had beers brought forward sooner there would have been
less favour shown to these foreign mushrooms. Among the
recent Irish lines the Great Munster stands foremost, as cc-
commodatinga very important district from Kerry to Queen's
County.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 30.—The sales
are :—Edinburgh and Glasgow, New Quarters, 61; Man-
chester and Birmingham, Quarter Shares, 10; Manchester,
Bury, and Uossendale, 17%; Barnsley Junction, 4 % ; Ditto,
Half Shares, 24 ; Belfast, Ballymena, and Carrickfergus, 10;
Blackburn, Burnley, and Accrington, 834 ; Blackburn,
Darwen, and Bolton, 6 ; Caledonian, 124 % ; Cambridge
and Lincoln, 8 1, ; Clitheroe Junction, 3% prem. ; Direct
Northern, 3 23/4 ; Dublin, Mullincrar, and Athlone, 4; Great
Grimsby and Sheffield Junction, 611 1/8 cum new; Hudders,
field and Manchester Railway and Canal, 81/ %; Leeds and
Thirsk, 6 • Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester, 13 ; Leeds and
West Riding Junction, 7 %; London and York, 5% % ;
Manchester and Buxton, 6% 11-16; Newark and Sheffield,
5 ; North Western, 41 7-16 ; Oxford, Worcester and
Wolverhampton, 13/1% ; Preston and \Vyre Extension, 1%
5/ prem. ; Scottish Midland, 4% ; Sheffield and Lincolnshire
Junction, 1% ; Southport and Euxton, 23 ; Trent Valley,
18% 19%; Ditto Continuation and Holyhead Junction, 2%
% prem. -. West Yorkshire, 7% 7 ; Great Northern of France
(English), 54.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, MAY I.—Wind westerly, fresh breeze and tine.
FALMOUTH, APRIL 30 —\Vind S. W., fresh breeze.—Arrd.
William Ward, Gueby, Ichaboe ; William Kerry, SundcrLind,
for Montreal, leaky, having been struck by a sea on the 27th
inst., in a gale from W.S.W. ; Sarah, Newport, from New
York, cargo shifted, having been struck by a sea on the 26th
inst., lat. 50, lon. 12. Off, Vesta, Bowster, Port Republican,
for Hamburgh ; Lady Hilda, Rounce, Barbadoes ; Jane, of
London, Nevis ; Christopher Columbus, Conidet, Guadeloupe,
for Havre; Hamea, Havre, for Guadeloupe.
RAMSGATE, APRIL 30.—The Laureana, from Havannah to
Bremen, has commenced discharging her cargo.
SALCOMBE, APRIL 30.—The Norbetten, Kraeft, from Bahia
to Cowes, sugar laden, is ashore near the Prawle Head, and
expected to go to pieces; crew saved.
PLYMOUTH, APRIL 30.—Wind S.W.—Arrd. Kate, Jamie,
Monte Video, and not the Jane; Cadet, Hillman, Australia,
and sailed for London.

LIVERPOOL, APRIL 30.—William Barber, Manthorpe,
Valparaiso; Ariel, Ichaboe ; Era, Kingston and Diana, Greig,
Paraiba ; Victoria, Cuba; Ann Dingwall, Loney, Porto
Cabello ; Malabar, Mobile; J. and M. Sinnot, and Lady
Falkland, Savannah.
Bi.v-rn, Amu, 29.—The Eliza of Lynn, and Jane of Yar-
mouth, in leaving the harbour this morning foundered on an
anchor and sank.

BELFAST, APRIL :28.—The Favourite, from Tobemory to
Liverpool, ashore at Orlock Point, has been got up and in
here.

LIMERICK, Arum 28.—The St. Peter, Hammond and Bal-
ling Lass, received damage at the quays last night during a
strong gale from the westward.

MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.)
MILT WZAREETS.

SMITHFIELD.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 31 to 4/ 16s ; use-
ful do., 4/ 17s to 518 s ; fine Upland do., 5/10s to 5/ 15s ; Clover
Hay, 4/10s to 614 s ; Oat Straw, 1/ 18s to 21; Wheat Straw,
2/ to 213 s per load. Hay and Straw moved off steadily, at
full prices.
CumBERLAND.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 31 14s to 4/ 18s ;
useful ditto, 5/ to 51 lOs ; fine Upland ditto, 5/ 12s to Si lis ;
Clover Hay, 4/ 103 to 6/ ; Oat Straw, 1/ 18s to 21 ;
Wheat Straw, 2/ Is to 21 4s per load. A m3derate supply,
and a ready demand. Quotations as on Tuesday.
WIIITECHAPEL.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 3/ lOs to 41 ISs
useful ditto, 51 to 5/ Ss ; fine Upland ditto, Si 101 to Si
15s ; Clover Hay, 4/ 12s to 6/6s ; Oat Straw. 11 18s to 2/ is
Wheat Straw, 21 2s to 21 3s per load. Supply tolerably
good, and trade rather dull.