The Sun.
London, England, 1845-03-15 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATTJRDA Y EVENING, MARCH l5, 1845,

citement. A correspondent, who writes from Zurich,
on the 9th, gives the following remarks made by some
of the speakers:---
u M. Kera, the deputy for Thurgau, was the first who
alluded to the subject. He said that the communication was,
to say the least of it, strange, considering that the French
Ministry must have been perfectly aware that the instructions
given to the deputies relative to the corps francs, are almost
unanimous in favour of the suppression adult force. M. Drouey,
the deputy for the canton of Vaud, went into a lengthened
examination of the dispatch, which lie considered as a direct
intervention on the part of the French Government in the
internal affairs of the Confederation, which ought to rouse
the feelings of the country. M. Neuhaus, the Deputy for
Berne, also considered the dispatch as an insult to the Swiss
nation, and an unwarrantable interference on the part of a
foreien Government. Ho demanded of M. Mounson, the
President, what anewer he had made to the note. The
President replied, that no one was more anxious than he was
to repel anything that could militate against the liberty
and independence of the nation; but he would not allow his
anxiety to respect the susceptibility of his countrymen to go
so far as to compromise their relation with foreign Powers
who were friends and allies of Switzerland, by misconstruing
the intentions of those Powers in lending their advice. The
Deputy for Bide accused the Jesuit party of having begged
the dispatch from the French Government as a means of de-
feating their adversaries. This accusation was strongly re-
pelled by the Jesuit party, and especially the deputy for
Neufchatel, who said that the position of those with whom he
acted was a painful one, because, though disapproving of the
conduct of their adversaries, they could not avoid being in
some degree involved in the severe censures which that con-
duct had drawn upon the whole Confederation. The Diet
then took up the question of the corps francs, and after a long
iiscussion the subject was referred to the same Committee
as has already been appointed to consider the question of the
Jesuits."
The Gazette de Basle draws the following comparison
between Lord ABERDEEN'S note and M. GUIZOT'S :
" Whilst the former breathes sentiments of kindly feeling
towards the Confederation, although England is less inte-
rested in Swiss affairs than France, the note from M. Guizot
is, on the contrary, in a decided tone, like a newspaper ar-
'icle, and not like a diplomatic instrument. It contains
lessons which are orders, notices which are threats, and is
thus offensive. It must, however, be admitted, that it speaks
'lie truth in respect to the free corps. It is a great humilia-
tion to Switzerland to be told, that a country situate in the
centre of European civilisation is not to be made the instru-
ment of barbarian anarchy. As the disturbances of the free
corps may be said to have been over, this note was no longer
[ necessary."

inent for the propriety of the new legislation which
the association deprecate so much.
But it is said " That these increased facilities fur
debtors getting out of their difficulties should have made
creditors more cautious in giving credit ;" that" they have
the power of withholding credit, and that if they will
give credit, they must take the consequences." "It they
will give credit?" Why, they must give credit. Busi-
ness
could not go on a single day without givinc, credit,
and the general stoppage of further credit woad bring
the whole country to a stand. There is a vast number
of tradespeople who cannot be ready-money men. Men
whose labour must be completed on certain materials
before they can ask for their money. To say to such
people "You must not give credit "—is equivalent to
saying " You must do no more work ;" and to say to the
shopkeeper, "You must not give credit," is equal to
saying to him, " You must close your shop." The fact is
that credit must be given and taken from the highest to
the lowest; from peers of the realm down to peasants so
the plough.
Very well. If this excessive credit be essential ti
the present extent of trading, give it. But don't let
tradesmen insist, on the one hand, on the necessity oi
continuing an admitted evil practice, that they
excuse on the plea of its being essential to their suc-
cess and prosperity ; and on the other, ask the Legis-
lature for heavy penalties on those on whose head
the accommodation afforded by this practice turns
out to be actual loss, instead of the contem-
plated profit of the tradesman who has given it
When we read the list of the members of this
Society, we pictured to ourselves, in reference
to their trades and addresses, sleek oilmen, in
Bishopsgate-stre7t, portly leather sellers, wealthy
ironmongers, ruddy salesmen, &c. &c., of Thames-
street, Milk-street, Newgate- market, &c. But we soot!
found our error. At p. 11 we learned they were but
" shadows of their former selves," mere walking anato
mies ; their natural fluids exhausted, or replaced by
the atrabilious secretions consequent on bad debt!
and worthless schedules. " All these legal evil:
combine to giving credit—and yet credit must
be given—precarious ; and to make the life of t
tradesman a corrosion of core—and the conduct o•
business anxious and perplexing in the extreme." \V,
had prepared other extracts from this paper; but i
is hardly needful to press further such self.evi-
dent and post-dated appeals from the lab-
decrees of the Legislature to the angry ant
nterested passions of one class of the community,
,vith a view to reinforce the absolute severity of the

A Bill has been brought into the French Chamber of
Deputies to prevent electors from voting in arrondisse-
ments where they do not pay at least 50f. of direct taxes.
The law at present allows electors paying 200 f. to choose
-he college in which they are to exercise their right of
voting, and the opponents of the measure consider this
perfectly in accordance with the object for which a De-
puty is returned to the Chamber. The Conservatives,
on the other hand, for the Bill is brought in by them,
contend that it is not just to allow voters the privilege of
turning the scale of victory in a college with which they
:lave not the slightest connexion ; and that some amount
.)f taxes ought to be required to prevent such an abuse.
The general discussion closed on Wednesday, but
[lone of the Ministers had spoken on the motion.
At the commencement of the sitting, the Minister of

law upon another. The "remedial" propositions t(
be pressed on Parliament include one for taking th,
cognizance of all debts for sums over 201., and no'
above 1001., from her MAJESTY'S Courts at Westmin-
ster, and giving this jurisdiction to the Sheriff!

The Property and Income-tax Renewal Bill ha
assed the House of Commons. AU that could hav,

Public Works presented a Bill for a vote of 80,000,000 f.
(3,200,0001.) for improvi►:g river navigation, and espe-
cially the Yonne, Seine, Sarthe, and Mayenne. It is
proposed to make a canal along the Marne between Join-
idle and Vitry, for the purpose of linking the ironworks
A' the Upper Marne to the groat navigable line of the
Marne, to the Rhine, and the Paris market. The plan
also contains a proposition for another canal, that of the
navigation of the Upper Garonne, and for establishing on
he height of Lannemezan, from which there are nume-
rous streams, a cluster of reservoirs for the purpose of
rrigating the country. In the Chamber of Peers the
.stimates were under consideration, when it appeared
hat in a previous year, 1,500,000 f. had been voted
'or improving and fortifying the harbour of Algiers.
One of the Members objected to the amount, but Baron
CuartLEs DUPIN supported the vote, and regretted that
it should be limited to such a small sum. Admiral

e-
been hypothetically urged against it on the argument
derived from its inequality, its anticipation in peace of
the resources which should have been preserved inviolate
for the exigencies of war, the tendency of its operatiot.
to repress exertion or industry both in material am,
intellectual enterprises or occupations ;—all this ha•
been ce,nceded by its Ministerial supporters—and the
house of Commons have passed the measure without
even dividing on the question of the passing. What
ever objections could be sustained to the vexation anc
inquisitorial nature of the machinery, by which alone
it has hitherto been possible to assess or to collect it ; tt
the lowness of the point or extremity at which the amount

of income liable to pay this impost shall commence; to th.
hardship of that liabilityon the recipient of 1501. per annum,
from %N hick the recipient of 149/. 193. 11d., or any lessee

sum per annum, is wholly exempt ; to the gross injus
lice of mulcting, in the same proportion, the income al
ready below the demands of the most modest, or eves
needy household, and the incomes of many superfluous
thousands ;—all these have been taken, discussed, an('
overruled. Yet the Bill has passed the House of Corn
mons. The Premier, when he first brought the schem,
forward three years ago, admitted that any tax was a'
evil. It has been admitted since, by his own partisan
and colleagues, that this tax has about it all that evi.
which belongs to a severe impost, without even taking
into account these aggravations of them to which wb
have just referred. And yet it has been adopted by 01(
Commons after defeating, in the most signal manner,
every proposition for its amendment and modification,
however reasonable or equitable it might be. But

11AcKau, after supporting the grant, said, the works at
:11giers were now in such a state that the place could re-
,ist with advantage any attack on the sea side. The
leading articles in the journals relate chiefly to the
dote of M. GuizoT addressed to the Swiss Diet. The
Opposition papers denounce it vehemently, and contrast it
mfavourably with that of Lord ABEIIDXEN, which they
praise for its moderation. Iu rererence to this sub-
iact the Journal des Debuts says :

" This is the note, equally discreet and firm, which the
journal of M. Thiers, carried away no doubt by its recollec-
tions of the last campaign in the East, calls a hatti sheriff; a
oisir's ordonnance. While it is the vein of figurative-lan-
guage, the Constitutionnel permits itself to go so far as to
say that M. Guizot treats the Swiss as a Pacha would treat
•roops of infidels, or a Tartar a tributary race of people.
Chia criticism ou the note of the French Government would
not hare been complete, had not the Constitutionnel added
its eulogy upon the note of the British Government, and
exalted the moderation, reserve, and politeness of Lord Aber-
been, in order to thrown out with greater prominence the
harshness and arrogance of M. Guizot. Leaving to the
Constitutionnel the full enjoyment of its oriental style, we
thall content ourselves_withfillringlifilaiißLACitile&hg
true character wnlchDaB
t.
asW or.
esghaarldl
sbtehgei
effects wi t h aoffinrnteenggethneartloprodlicAyboefrdeen, as
Europefir
that would be the result of any change in the constitution
Switzerland, speaks in a manner fully as significative as
A. Guizot; and if the English Minister does lot express
liimself in equally explicit terms cn the subject of the free
:orps, it is from the simple reason that this question touches
France much more closely than it does England. In the
dfairs_of Switzerland, France has interest in common with

the last debate elicited certain other acknowledgments
of inherent defects and vices in the working o'
this tax which make it almost incredible that
even on Wednesday night, at the eleventh hour, a
Sir ROBERT PEEL or Mr. GOULBURN would say—el
the penultimate proposition of the third reading—os
even the final question "that the 13111 do pass"---soLur
vigorous stand should not have been made on the pars
of some independent Members for the institution o-
searching inquiry into the matters which had then beet
brought under their notice.
What were these ? There was, first, the strongl3
propounded hypothesis of Sir ROBERT INGLIS—the inti-
mate and confidential friend, supporter, ally, of tin
Premier especially, and of his
.Government generally—
•' that the income-tax was meant to be perpetual." Thi
hypothesis was neither denied, nor objected to, by tin
Government or by the Premier. If ever " silence gives
consent," the inference is irresistible under such circum
stances as these. Is it the desire and meaning of the
Howe of Commons that this tax shall be perpetual 1
How do they propose to answer for such consent to the
electoral constituency whenever they shall be sent
back to give an account of their stewardship? 11
the second place, Mr. WARLEY brought forward
the case of Mr. FIELDEN, the late benevolent

, ....... ... ___.......... ...--
:he other great Powers—those which may disturb the general
balance of power in Europe ; but she has, moreover, parti-
cular interests of her own, resulting necessarily from her
geographical position."

The Duke DE BROGLIE, it appears, has postponed his
departure for London to hold a conference with Dr.
LUSIIINGTON relative to the right of search. On this
subject the Const:tutionnel says :—" Two systems are
-spoken of for the arrangement of this difficult question
—one would consist in the establishment of mixed crui-

-,ers, placed at the entrance of rivers, and in the ordi-
nary rendezvous of slave vessels, and the reciprocal right
of search between English and French ships would be
suspended ; the other would consist in two means of
putting down the slave trade ; first, the destruction of
the slave establishments founded on some points of the
:•asecc°mlldtil.Yhe coast who carry on the slave
a declaration of war against
dl2dset
." of Aegfroi
Thisa
chiefs
journal objects to both systems; but there
r° thenr
's nothing to show that either will form the basis of the 1
approaching conference. The following are miscella-
ueous extracts from the papers :
The Gt.:cite des Trdninaux says
" We understand that warrants were issued on Tuesday
against several of the persons who took part in the meeting
in which M. Dujarrier, the responsible editor of the Presse,
was killed. We take this opportunity of declaring that it
was by an error we designated MM. Grainier de Cassagnac
and Solar as seconds of one of the parties. These two gen.
tlemen had nothing to do with this deplorable affair."
Two new articles have just been added to the postal
treaty between Franco and Great Britain. They have
or object—l. To place the post-office of Boulogne in
iirect correspondence with the post-office at Folkestone,
ay means of the private steamers between the two ports.
2. To regulate the transit through France of the letters,
paid or unpaiJ, from Great Britain and her colonies and
possessions for the kingdom of Greece.
The Grand Council of the Vaud, in its sitting of the
7th inst., appointed a Committee of 15 members to draw
up a new constitution.
THE BOURSE-,-THURSDAY, MARCH 13
First Hlihest Lowest Last
Price. Prica. Price. Price.
French Five per Cents• ••• 118 .. 11d23 .. 115 118 20
Three per Cents.— 85 10 .• sa 20 .. 55 10 .• e 5 20
New Loan •.•••••• 86 10 .. 86 10 .. 86 10 .. 86 10
Bank of France • ,175 .•3175 3175 ..3175
lculu Bank, 1,060 f. Shares• • 1090 —lO9O ..1090 ..1090
SeigianFlVee, 1840 •• •• 105 .. Ics .. 105 .. 105
1542 ........ 106% .. 107 .. 106% 107
Four-and-p-Half ... 1033 .. 103% .• 103% •• 10334
ipanlsh Active •.• . • ....... 3934 •• 39 • • 39% ..
09 y
4118 •• 4134 41% •• 4134
Passive 6% • • 6% • • 0% •• 6%
?ortugueso Five per Cents .• 70 •• 70 .. 70 •• 70
••• 101 7.5 .. 101 73 101 76 .. 101 75
..... los 106 .. 105% 1,36
• EAILWA v SHARES.
St. Germain .....
Versailles, 1t.8..... • • 625 • • 640
395 395
Rouen ....................1140
...1145
Rouen to Havre• • . ....... 970 • • 965
oruwas
........... _1295 .. 1302 50 ..1290
3traaburg to Bale.• •• •• 335 .. 337 50 .. 335
kvitoson to Marseilles • • —llO5 .. 1105 .. 1100 .
RAILWAYS FOR THE ACCOUNT, Melton 16.
it. Germain
Versailles, ILE... •••• .... 640 .. 645 .. 630 •
LB." •• •• 380 .. 397 50 .. 380 .
Rouen ....• ..... ......1125 ..1150 —1125
Rouen to Havre. . •• 930 .. 965 .. 950
Orleans .
Strasburg to 801 e,......... 335 .. C3l 50 •• 335
Avignon to Marseilles 1090 —llO5 ••1090 .

Member for Oldham, whose name is associated with a 1
recollections that are honourable to the integrity of the
bead of a vast manufacturing concern, and the extensive
charity of a capitalist whom prosperity has never
made oblivious of the humbler beginnings from whencs
it has raised him. It may be remembered that
three years ago the Messrs. FXELDEN protested agains
the assessment which had bten made upon then,
in respect of income from the profits of theie
e,tablishment. They demurred to the assessmen
on the very reasonable ground that, upon an averag,
*of the three years on which the assessment was to be
taken, their works had been car rind on at a loss, instead
of any profit. After a fruitless correspondence, the pre-
test was overruled, and their property was distrainer
upon for the original assessment. Since this, the Loca'
Commissioners have thought proper to assess the profit.
of their concern at 24,000/. per annum—an assessmem

which, it may be imagined, they at once disputed. The
Local Commissioners, finding",that Messrs. FIELDEN in-
tended to resort to the means of legal appeal against
their assessment, requested Mr. JOHN FIELDEN to alloe
the matter to stand over till after the ensuing Easter
quarter. He did so ; and in the meantime they hair(
actually claimed, and propose to enforce the assessment
on profits of 24,000 L a year, in the face of the same par-
ties' declaration to a similar effect as that made by them
in the first instance. Mr. WAKLEY might well severe])
animadvert on this proceeding. It was distinguished
alike for its bad faith, its insolence, and its
inquisitorial oppressiveness. The Chancellor w
the Exchequer's answer was—like the answers of Sit '
JAMES GRAHAM and Sir ROBERT PEEL himself, on all
questions addressed to them in respect of the gross mis-
conduct of Government functionaries of any kind :—" The
Chancellor of the Exchequer knew nothing about the
case. It was the first time he had heard of it." Doubt-
less. So trivial a matter as the assessment of profits at
24,0001 a year, where the parties were prepared to show
they had worked rather to a loss than any profit at all,
had no pretensions of gravity sufficient to disturb the
epicurean reps° of the gods of Downing-street. Be
this as it may, Mr. GOULBURN'S :answer was
ready and conciliatory to a singular degree. "
li
the Local Commissioners were in error, it was to be re-
gretted that Mr. FIELLEN had not personally waited on
the Chief Commissioners under the Act in London, who
would have given hiu; every assistance in getting it rec-
tified." A pretty dilated expression this " error, "
it
Mr. FIELDEN'S complaint be well grounded ; for such an
outrageous and fraudulent proceeding as the assessment
in such case amounts to on the part of the Local Com-
missioners. The remedy, too, so simple. Mr. FIELDEN
would have only to come up from his "dear, native vale
of Todmorden," as we have heard him call it—florn one
extremity of Lancashire to the capital, in Middlesex—to
obtain that justice which it has been sometimes con-
t• nded, "is virtually to be had at every man's door.'
Yet even this case does not so powerfully illustrate the
intolerable and unconstitutional operation of such a sys
tem of taxation as the very significant fact distinctly
stated by Mr. BRIGHT, that the most shameful cases of
arbitrary and excessive assessment occurred in the coun-
try, owing to the Income-tax Commissioners, in
many instances the same individuals as the land-tax or
taller Commissioners of the district, who, from that
position, often exercised their power to annoy and over-
charge in the most unscrupulous manner their rivals in
trade or their opponents in politics. Yet still this Bill
has passed—we might have almost said, unanimously—
the House of Commons. Is there any hope of getting
its odious injustice modified, at least, elsewhere ?

..1164
.. 625
▪ 393
••1140
• 964

. 637 50
395

1165
..13j0
336 25

- 630
392

~ 960
• 1290
. 3625

DEATH OF THE HON. Miss Fox.—The Hon. Miss
Fox, only sister of the late Lord Holland, expired at half-
past eight o'clock on Wednesday evening, at Little Holland
House, Kensington. The deceased was eldest child and only
daughter of the second Lord Holland, by his marriage with
Lady Mary Fitzpartrick, daughter of John, first Earl of
Upper Ossory, and was born 3d et' November, 1767, and con-
sequently was in the 78th year of her a,,e. By her demise
the families of the Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowne,
Viscount and 'Viscountess Lilford, Lord and Lady Holland,
Colonel and Lady Mary. Fox, the Dowager Lady Holland,
the Countess of Kerry, the Earl and Countess of Shelburne,
&c., are placed in mourning. The Hon. Miss Fox was niece
of the Right Hon. Charles James Fox, the distinguished
Whig statesman.
In a paragraph relative to the severity of the
weather, which appeared yesterday, it was stated that the
highest point which the thermometer n ached, in the course
of 'llursday, was 35. The number should have been 21.
FATAL ACCIDENT.—Last evening Mr. Joseph
Payne, Deputy Coroner, held an inquest at St. Bartholo-
mew's llospital, on the body of Dederick Merlin, aged 35,
a commercial traveller, in the employ of Messrs. Pritchard,
wholesale tobacconists, of London-wall. It appeared that
the deceased, on Thursday week, was returning from
Stratford, in a light chaise-cart, in which was alas a youth.
Upon reaching the Mile-end-road, the cart came in contact
with an omnibus, proceeding in the contrary direction. The
two vehicles struck with such violence that both deceased
and the youth were thrown out. The latter escaped with
very slight, if any, injury ; but the deceased, upon being
picked up, was found to be perfectly insensible. He was
taken to the above hospital, where he died on Thursday last.
Verdict—Accidental death.

The accounts from Zurich are to the 10th instant.
%hen the Diet was still sitting. The note of M.
G UIZOT had caused much excitement among the Liberal
Members, who regard it as put forth in aid of the
Jesuits rather than for the purpose of calming the ex-