The Sun.
London, England, 1844-10-23 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WERNESD AY. MORNINrG. OCTOBER 23, 1844.

LITERATURE.
IRELAND AND THE IRISH.
Duffy, Dublin, 1844.
We have here a translation from the German of
1 Herr J. Venedey, who took a trip to Ireland during
the memorable " Repeal year"—as Mr. O'Connell
loves to call the year 1843—and wrote down his im-
pressions of what he saw and heard at the moment
, when they were fresh in his mind. lie seems to have
I entertained warm feelings of sympathy for the agi-
tators, and more than once takes the opportunity of
stating that—so far as he could discern—Repeal was
a far more momentous question than it was supposed
to be, in England and on the Continent, and that the
movement in its favour did not lay merely on the
surface, but proceeded from the very heart of Ireland.
Of course, while resident in that country, our author
made a point of getting introduced to O'Connell ;
and he relates, with considerable animation, the parti-
culars of a delightful day which he spent with the
great Liberator and his fidus Achates, Tom Steele, at
a retired cottage on the sea-shore in the neighbour-
hood of Dublin. He visited also the Earl Roden, the
Corypheus of the Irish Orangemen, at his splendid
estate, Toilymore Park, and gives the heads of a con-
versation which he had with him on the subject of
the Repeal agitation ; of which, as may be surmised,
his Lordship was no very reverent idolater. We
quote our author's graphic sketch of the Noble Earl's
park, with whose various scenic beauties he appears to
have been quite enraptured :
" I made a circuit around the castle, and following the
noise of the waters, I soon came to a wood-stream,
which is the ornament of this park, and this park itself
is one of the finest in Ireland. I must own, that never;
either in Switzerland, nor on the Rhine, nor in the Hartz
mountains, did I see anything to equal the unparalleled
beauties, which one half hour's walk presented to my
eye, all clustered here together. An artist might dis-
cover, in every step he took, scenes that if truly depicted
could confer immortality upon him. The flood which
played through the rocks, was one that had wantoned
with them, for a thousand years, and had moulded them
according to its capricious fancy ; here it had scooped
them out into a deep bel ; there it had formed them
into a bubbling cauldron ; further on it had fashioned
them into a cascade, and then mad:-.1 of them a bath, in
which a giant might lave his limbs—and these rocks !
white and naked in the stream ; yet when they rise'
above the surface but a few feet, covering themselvesl
with soft moss, and wild flowers, and bold plants ; whilstr
over all, and as if stooping down to gaze upon them,
were the trees springing up on every side, and crossing
their great palmy branches, as if they struggled to de-
fend that sacred spot, from one ray of the sun, which
might by its heat interfere with the temperature of the
cool bath beneath. Oh !it was beautiful !—how very
beautiful ! There are a few spots in this landscape, that
are of unparalleled loveliness. An old arched bridge forms
one point of the back-ground of the picture, and to this
there hangs a sort of iron bridge that leads under the
arch. Here the flood tumbles wild, foaming and furious
over the rocks, whilst the trees form a sort of concave
roof over the entire scene, and through this roof the
sun has but a narrow space here and there to shoot down
his rays, and send them playing amongst the waves,
whilst the trees form a sort of concave roof over the
entire scene, and through this roof, the sun has but a
narrow space here and there to shoot down his rays, and
send them playing amongst the waves, whilst the
coquettish, kissing, ever dimpling waters boldly reflect
back his beams, or send them sparkling with a thousand
variegated colours, amid the tender moss, the vivified
herbage, and the grand parti-coloured flowers. And
then around the trees, there climb up with unrestrained
strength the rebelly-green parasitical plants, giving to
the scene the perfect character of original and natural
wildness. Ah ! • when looking upon such a spot, I can
well comprehend how St. Patrick must have longed for
his own wild mountains and brooks in Ireland. They
are so wonderfully beautiful. Here indeed might be
rounded a holy hermitage, such as all the rest of the
world c )uld not equal. The scene that I now describe is
always the same, and yet but one step further and it is
changed ; a new tree—a new light—or a new shade cast
upon it, and it produces a totally different, but still
equally beautiful aspect. Here the water assumes a blue
appearance, there yellow, soon black, and then brown, and
a step further on, it is of a grass-green colour, but in all,
transparent to the very bottom I Again I say, that.
whatever of beautiful scenery I have looked upon in
Switzerland, or in the Hartz, or at the Rhine, is riot
equal to that which, in half an hour, I beheld in Lord
Roden's park."

OUR ISRAELITISH ORIGIN, OR BRITISH
CHRISTIANS A REMNANT OF THE TRUE
ISRAELITES; with a Reply to the Rev. E. Bicker-
steth. By J. Wilson. Nisbet, 1844.

This is rather a startling title, but there may be
more in it than meets the eye. The subject of the
lost tribes has occupied the attention of numerous
writers. Their fate is certainly mysterious and cal-
culated to excite curiosity and give scope for conjec-
ture ; but the greater difficulty is to believe that they
have been irretrievably dispersed or destroyed, than
that they may be found in some of the remaining
nations of the earth. Many have supposed that the
red race, or American Indians, are the descendants of
the ten tribes, an opinion entertained by the Rev. Mr.
Bickersteth, and other eminent divines, but to this,
we think, there are several decisive objections; others
have indulged in different conjectures, but no
one, to our knowledge, has taken the same
original and rational mode of accounting for
their disappearance, and discovering their exist-
ence, as Mr. Wilson, or supported their views
with more confidence and ability. He has brought
forward many curious and striking facts, which he
maintains to be plainly coroborative of prophecy, and
he has with great ingenuity availed himself of ety-
mology to trace the descendants of Abralum and fol-
lowers of Moses in their chequered peregrinations.
He shows that the tribes which so entirely lost their
nationality were removed northward in the Assyrian
captivity,. and that, increasing greatly in numbers,
they passed into Europe, and spread abroad towards
the north and west. In proof of this, he cites Scrip-
ture history very copiously, and refers to the religious
belief and Israelitish manners which lingered among
the nations of Europe. The local appellations of
Hebrew aspect are also adduced, and the immense
number of: tombs, and other remains similar to those
in Judea, which are scattered throughout the region
north. of the Kuban and along the back of
the -Euxine, indicating a numerous population,
Where ' -;.there is now but a scanty num-
ber :of inhabitants, altogether offer to our author
a convincing proof that a powerful stream of Israel-
itish emigration flowed westward. In short, the
Gothic races who broke up the Roman empire are
asserted to be the descendants of the tribes of Israel,
whose seed has been multiplied so exceedingly, ac-
cording to Divine ordination, and who, by the con-
currence of repeated prophecies, are to be ultimately
" brought from the north country and gathered from
the coasts and isles of the earth." The Europa Israel-
' ites, to adopt a term, are destined, it is observed,
to re-civilise the Asiatic nations, and the English are
"the grand producers of good to man and its most
liberal distributors." Israel, or the house of Ephraim,
is not to be confounded with Judah or the Jews. In
the course of our Saviour's ministry all his movements
were to the north. "It is through Samaria," observes
our author, "that we trace the course of his journeys,
and it is round the coasts of Galilee that he went
preaching the glad tidings, and it was when in his
furthest journey in that direction on the coasts of Syro-
Phenicia that he pronounced the important words,
I am not sent but to the lost sheep of the house of
Israel.' His mission promised to Israel in the north
country was more fully carried out by his apostles."
Paul, it is observed, uniformly wrote and travelled
northwards, and passed into Europe, to Rome itself,
with the intention of proceeding into Spain. " Paul
and his fellow-disciples •all followed out the course
indicated by the great "shepherd of the sheep, and
that being uniformly north-westward, directs our at-
tention to our own part of the world, as being that in
which the lost sheep of Israel may be found." Pp. 60
—7O. The work is written in a forcible and unosten-
tatious style, and it displays great knowledge of an-
cient history and depth of research and original
thinking, with a zeal and earnestness well calculated
to excite the respectful attention of the reader,
although he may refuse his assent to all the points
on which Mr. Wilson has fixed his own conviction.

The second son of the Earl of Cork will be married
next week to the accomplished daughter of Mr. Roberts,
the opulent banker.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE STEAM-ENGINE.—We are
informed that the greatest improvement made in the
steam-engine since the days of Watt, is now about being
patented by Mr. Samuel Moyle, of Bosvigo House, in
this county, civil engineer, which, it is said, will effect a
saving of at least 50 per cent. in the consumption of
fuel. Great as the advantage arising from this improve-
ment will be to the mining interests of this county,
equally great will it he to railroads on the atmospheric
principle, and still greater to steam navigators, who will
thereby be enabled to perform voyages twice the distance
they are now enabled to accomplish.— IVest Briton.
• Sr. AN DR EW'S.—..A. Al I STA K E.—The schooner Snow-
drop, from Stockton, coal laden, bound for Dundee, came
into our harbour on Monday morning at three o'clock,
in a manner unexpected both to the crew on board
and the people on shore. The master, guided by the
lights on the pier-head and at the corner of Mrs. Bell's
tavern, came slap into the harbour, mistaking it for the
river 'ray, and did not know his mistake until at the
pier-head (having been there seven or eight years
before), when immediately heaving back to stop the
vessel's way, she struck upon the cross pier, displacing
several tiers of masonry.; and immediately getting clear
of that, she came right into the harbour, against one of
the fishing boats, causing a good deal of damage, and
tearing a plank out of another one. She at last got
safely moored alongside the quay, having done no
damage to herself during her headlong career. Happily
no person was injured.—Caledonian Mercury.
Tuesday was the last day of the season for the
Tweed salmon fishing; the fish have this last week been
taken in truch greater numbers, but the greater part of
them were not fit to send to market. The prices of clean
fish have been from 6d to 7d. per lb. ; black fish and kip-
pers, 2d. to 4d. The Spittal fishers have commenced
their usual system of night poaching, which they carry
on to a great extent in defiance of the water bailiffs ;
"this-illegal fishing, it appeats, will never be done away,
unless Government place the fisheries under the protec-
tion of the Coast Quart --/Yetacaslle Advertiser.

IRELAND.
MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.

DUBLIN, Om 20.—Yesterday evening, Mr. John
Walsh, of Dominick-street, barrister, lost his life under
the following melancholy circumstances :—About four
o'clock he proceeded to Finglass, about two miles from
town, for the purpose of swimming his dogs at a place
called Quarry-hole. Having thrown a piece of stick
into the water, which one of the animals refused to fol-
low, Mr. Walsh in stretching out his cane to draw the
stick closer to the edge, lost his balance, and was pre-
cipitated into the water, and sank, after a few struggles,
to rise no more, before any assistance arrived. The
body was not found for two hours after the accident, and
was conveyed to his residence late last night. An in-
que,t was held, which after the examination of one wit-
ness was adjourned till to-morrow evening. A gold
watch and a sum of 161. was found on his person. About
14 years ago the ill-fated gentleman held a rather pro-
minent position in the field of Irish politics. At that
time Mr. Walsh, who then followed the laborious occu-
pation of a schoolmaster, was the leading member of the
Trades' Political Union—a body through whose in-
fluence Mr. O'Connell was mainly, if not wholly, in-
debted for his first return as Member, in conjunction
with the late Mr. Ruthven, for the city of Dublin. - He
was subsequently, together with two other members of
the Trades' Union, prosecuted by the Crown for the
delivery of seditious speeches, found guilty, and sen-
tenced to six months' imprisonment. On his release
from imprisonment, Mr. Walsh applied himself to the
study of the law, and having met some ineffectual resis-
tance on the part of the benchers, he was called to the
bar, and after the usual probation attained considerable
eminence in the criminal and inferior courts. During
the last two or three years he rose rapidly in his profes-
sion, and succeeded in obtaining a fair share of business
on the Leinster circuit.

PENTONVILLE MODEL PRISON.

The last number of the Illuminated Magazine con •
tains a very interesting account of the above esta-
blishment, in which the important experiment is being,
tried, how far it is possible, by the adoption of a cer-
tain discipline, to reclaim social beings from the lowest
state of degradation and crime. The principal means
resorted to, we need not say, are silence and separa-
tion--an utter denial of communication by speech or
look between the prisoners themselves, or with any
other persons except the divine, the schoolmaster, and
the prison authorities. The effect of 3uch a change
as this, from the mode of life to which the prisoners
had been previously accustomed, was looked for with
some anxiety, in the dread that, in seeking to restore
the moral being of the prisoner, his mental faculties
might be destroyed, and this, it must be allowed, was
not a groundless apprehension ; and if such a system
of discipline were exercised without care, its inevita-
ble result would be, to change the criminal into an
idiot; but, with proper precautions, this fearful result
is avoided, and the good part of the system left to
operate with full effect.

The chief means employed are—good and sufficient
diet, constant occupation, and ample exercise, by which
the body is kept healthy, and the mind free from that
depressing and wearying influence which would other-
wise prey upon it.

The Writer of the account we refer to, Dr. Luke
Roden, says—

"On entering an unoccupied cell, the inmate being
at work in a distant part of the prison, I was sur-
prised at the number of its accommodations. A
hammock hung up at the side, with hair mattress,
pillow; two sheets, two blankets, and a rug; a wash-
hand-stand and basin fixed ; two cocks for the supply
of water, of which each prisoner is allowed six
gallons daily ; a table, stool, pint mug, plate, knife,
spoon, soap, towel, and duster; there is, also, a large
carpenter's bench at the side; a gas light burning till
nine o'clock ; school books and slate, Bible, prayer-
book, hymn-book, one religious book, and one
secular. I noticed the Penny Magazine, Satur-
day Magazine, and Chambers's Journal. The
ventilation is entirely artificial, and is most perfect.
The air enters over the door, through a perforated
plate, and passes out on a level with the floor under
the window, into a flue connected with a central
chimney, where a fire secures a constant current.
What I have enumerated is the furniture of every
cell, with only the variation of loom, or table, for
the carpenter's work-bench, according to the kind of
trade the prisoner is acquiring—tailor, weaver, mat.
or rug maker, &c.

" is when the prisoner is locked into his cell, it is
just possible that he might •be seized with illness,
suddenly, and require immediate assistance, it was
necessary to provide some means of giving a signal
to the attendants—although the constant .inspection,
the regularity of food and exercise, and the extreme
vigilance of the medical officers make such an event
barely possible ; but, in case of accident, the prisoner
turns a handle which immediately strikes the central
bell of the gallery, and at the same moment, and by
the same act, there starts out from the side of the
door of his cell the iron plate with his number, which
lay flat against the wall, so that the officer, at the
point where all these galleries meet, sees instantly in
which cell his aid is required. The invention is per-
fect. When he has attended to the cell he pushes
back the iron plate again flat into its place. The only
use, however, to which this very ingenious con-
trivance has yet been placed is to signify to the
teacher-officers that the inmate of the cell requires
more cloth, thread, or whatever be the nature of his
occupation, or that he wishes for instruction in some
difficulty. It is scarcely possible that the signal
should ever be wanted for sudden sickness, because
the whole of the inmates are miraculously healthy,
and are subjected to none of those causes which are
liable to interfere with the tranquil performance of all
the bodily functions."
He was present at their dinner. " It. was a curi-
ous sight, the streams of human beings, all dressed
alike, with the vizors of their caps down over their
faces, so as to be utterly irrecognizable by strangers,
or by each other, marching regularly, steadily, and in
perfect silence, with a space of twelve or fourteen
feet between each of them, so as to make any com-
munication impossible. Each passed into his cell,
and the echoes of the gallery announced the closing
of every door in succession.
" While this was going on, up rose slowly through
the floor, sliding on the bright upright bars which
reached to the ceiling, the immense series of loaded
trays ; as they stopped at each floor in succession,
the attendants took out the cases of trays, and placed
them on a sort of waggon reaching from one gallery
to its opposite side, and moving on wheels along the
edge of iron railing, which thus forms a sort of rail-
way. An attendant at each end of this travelling
apparatus, pushes it on till opposite the doors of two
cells, when he, with wonderful rapidity, un-
locks a little port-hole in the uppar part of the
door, which falls down outwards and forms a shelf on
which he places the dinner it is instantly seized by
the prisoner, when the attendant pushes up the little
shutter, locks it, and passes on to the next. In this
manner they proceed with a quiet regularity, activity,
and precision, which would seem absolutely impracti-
cable to those who have not seen it in action, and thus
upwards of five hundred individuals are served with
their dinners in separate rooms, perfectly hot, in less
than a quarter of an hour—it can be done, and has
indeed been accomplished, in twelve minutes and a
half. The evolutions of a brigade of soldiers on a
field day are not a more admirable exemplification of
the power of system and order.
" The dinner which I saw distributed consisted of
a pint of good soup--as good as is found at the table
of a tradesman—five ounces of bread, one pound of
potatoes, and four ounces of meat, weighed after
being cooked, and divested of bone, making it nearly
equivalent to half a pound of undressed meat
with the average quantity of bone—an allowance
considered sufficient in the domestic economy of large
families—an excellent dinner, and vastly better than
can be enjoyed every day by the family of the la-
bouring man. Breakfast consists of three-quarters of
a pint of cocoa, made with three-quarters of an ounce
of the solid flake, two ounces of milk (real milk) and
six drachms of treacle—a very grateful beverage;
with this he is allowed ten ounces of bread. As the
soup contains a good deal of barley, it forms an im-
portant portion of the nourishment, which would be
a very abundant allowance for a labouring man out
of prison, and master of his own time. There is no
fermented fluid whatever allowed to the prisoners;
their drink is perhaps the purest and best water to be
found in the world; it is drawn by an artesian well
from a depth of three hundred and seventy feet, and is
forced up to the top of the prison by pumps worked
by prisoners ; from thence it is conveyed by pipes
into every cell;'

" For this generous but unstimulating diet (says
Dr. Roden) the prisoners are indebted to the sound
judgment and humanity of the medical officer, Dr.
Owen Rees. No man better knows that to keep the
brain in a state fit to receive instruction, it must be
well nourished ; that when you call on the intellec-
tual organ for the highest efforts of which it is capa-
ble (self-restraint), you must supply it with whole-
some and invigorating blood ; that it is in vain to ex-
pect attention to moral instruction while the stomach
is unsatisfied, and the faintness of insufficient
nourishment renders the mind listless or savage;
and that if the object is to be attained of real refor-
mation, it must be by the exercise of a healthy brain."
We recommend these latter remarks to the notice
of those gentlemen who expect religion and morality
to flourish among a half-starving population. When
will the physiological truth set forth above, that
mental and material well-being must go together, be
case of the great body of our working
applied
populationtA) the
?

DARING ROBBERY AT ST. THOMAS'S CHURCH,
SOUTHWARK.—On Sunday last the ancient church of
St. Thomas's, Southwark, was the scene of unusual bus-
tle and confusion, in consequence of the loss of the
whole of the communion plate, consisting of several
pieces of silver, which had been in possession of the
parish authorities for the last 200 years. It appears
that the plate had been deposited in its usual place of
safety at the commencement of the present month, and
on opening the safe on Sunday, the contents were found
to have been removed. Information having been for-
warded to the police-station in the Southwark-bridge-
road, a diligent search was made by several officers, but
no clue could be discovered. A small crowbar was found,
used by housebreakers, near the entrance of the church,
in St. Thomas's-street, and on making a more minute
enamination, there was no doubt that the thieves had
effected an entrance through a window which had been
left insecure at the front part of the. building. The
police are making every exertion to trace out the stolen
property.
ALLEGED E XCESSS IVE FLOGGING,—At the Ux-
bridge Petty Sessions, on Monday, Mr. Hodder, school-
master of the union workhouse, attended to answer the
complaint of a Mrs. Church, as to his having ill-treated
her two boys. They declared he had given them eight
stripes, so severe that the blood flowed. On the other
hand, Mr. Whatley, the master of the union, deposed
that the board of guardians had ordered six stripes to
be inflicted, that only that number had been given, and
that they had not been unnecessarily severe, nor had he
seen any blood. The bench (most of whom were also
ex officio members of the board) dismissed the complaint.
COSTLINESS OF CA RMARTHENSHIRE JUSTICE.—The
punitive part of our administrative system of law here,
it will be thought, is rather costly, when it is stated
that the amount of property for the stealing of which the
prisoners at the Carmarthenshire Quarter Sessions, held
yesterday and to-day, is only about forty shillings, while
the cost of prosecution falls but little short of three hun-
dred pounds.— WeMintan of Friday.

SOUTH WALES TURNPIKE TRUST COMMISSION.—
The Commissioners have gone through most of the prin-
cipal towns connected with turnpike trusts. Everywhere
the most candid disclosures and communications have
been made to them, not only as regards the accounts of
the different trusts, but also as respects the social con-
dition of the various districts which formerly evinced
their dissatisfaction at their administration in no gentle
mood.—Cambrian.

THE BIRKENHEAD DOCK
FESTIVAL.

The preparations for this great and important local
• and national event, which takes place next Wednesday,
I are upon the most gigantic scale. Rich and poor are to
be provided with the means of substantial and social en-
joyment, and the blame will not rest with the promoters
of the Birkenhead Docks, if, upon that auspicious'occa-
sion, one throb other than of unalloyed, delight fills
the breast of any of the inhabitants of . the township
which their measures are calculated so materially and
permanently to improve and benefit. The morning will
be ushered in by the firing of cannon and ringing of
bells ; the steam-boats crossing the ferry will be deco-
rated in the gayest manner, and flags will be hoisted
from all the public and many of the private buildings in
the town. The procession will start from tho Town-
hall at eleven o'clock. The Odd Fellows, Foresters,
Druids, Temperance, and other societies, are expected
to join it. The route will be round Hamilton-square,
through Church-street, round the church, up Conway-
street, through the new park, down Cavendish-street
and Corporation-road to Wood-side, where the ceremony
of laying the foundation stone will be performed. At
five o'clock in the afternoon, the grand public banquet
will be held at the Railway Station, Grange-lane, which
will be tastefully and appropriately decorated for the
occasion. The following gentlemen have already
sguified their acceptance of the invitation of
the Committee :—Lord Bateman, Sir William Massey
Stanley, Bart., of Hooton, Sir John Stanley, of
Hooton, and party • Honourable Lord Kenyon,
Wm. Ewart, Esq , kf.P., Thos. Thornely,.i Esq.,
M.P., W.R. Collett, Esq., M.P., Townsend Mainwaring,
Esq., M.P., Wm. Entwisle, Esq., M.P., Sir Philip Eger-
ton, M.P., Tatton Egerton, Esq.; M.P., J. J. Tollemache,
Esq., M.P., Peter tareenall, Esq., M.P., Joseph Bio-
therton, Esq., M.P.-, Sir Eiward Cust, Bart., Cornwall
Lee, Esq., M.P., J. Brierley, jun., Esq., M,P., Thomas
Grimsditch, Esq., M.P., &c., together with a great num-
her of the county magistrates. Several officers of the
sth Dragoons, now stationed at Manchester, and officers
belonging to the 6th Regiment, at Chester, will be pre-
sent, as will also several naval officers. For out-door
amusement a grand display of fireworks will take place
shortly after nightfall, and every eminence in the neigh-
bourhood will resound with the the discharge of cannon,
or gleam with signal fires, indicative of general rejoicing.
Extra steam-boats will cross the river all night, and, in
fact, every accommodation will be offered to visitors.
The fund at the disposal of the festival committee, at
present reaches the handsome sum of 2,oool.—Liverpool
Mercury.

ETIQUETTE ON THE SC AFFOLD.—A letter from
Presburg, of Sept. 23, in the Gazette des Tribunaux, says,
" The murderers of M. do Kezmet, one of the Deputies
of the Diet of Hungary, have just been tried and exe-
cuted. One of them was Conrad Tornyi, the servant of
the deceased, and the other a shoemaker named Kowaez,
who not only aided in the crime. but afterwards robbed
his accomplice of all the articles of value which were
in M. de Kezmet's apartment at Presburg.- Tornyi
avowed his guilt, and acknowledged that he had cut
up the body in pieces. The sentence of the court was,
that Tornyi should be quartered, his body burnt, and
the ashes thrown to the wind ; and that Kowaez
should be decapitated. The prisoners appealed, but
the King confirmed the sentence of death, changing
Tornyi's punishment into simple beheading. This
sentence was carried into execution two days back,
in the market-place, and a strange incident added
to the terrible interest of the scene. The judgment
ordered Kowaez to be first executed ; but this Tornyi
protested against in the strongest terms, declaring that
as he was of noble blood he was entitled to die first. His
claim being rejected, he fell on Kowaez, and endeavoured
to pull him from the block. Kowaez sent him back
with a violent blow on the chest ; and Tornyi was on
the point of giving blow for blow, when the executioner's
man seized him, and bound him so tightly as to prevent
him making any exertion. They were both executed in
a few minutes after. This singular ambition of Tornyi
to have his claim of birth attended to in such circum-
stances; calls to mind an execution at Copenhagen in
1816, where, when some men were sentenced to death
for exciting their fellow-prisoners to revolt, three of the
number had been beheaded, but the fourth refused to
place his head on the block, on the ground that the per-
son before him bad been a Jew, and that he, being a
Christian, could object to having his blood mingled with
that of a Jew. After some parley the magistrate granted
his objection, and the man having cleaned the block of
the blood as wellEas he could, placed his head down
tranquilly, and underwent the sentence."

THE °bATTLE Or TRAFALGAR.—Monday being
the 39th anniversary of this ever memorable victory, a
number of naval officers who had been in the engage-
ment dined together at the Naval Club-house, St.
James's-square. At Greenwich Hospital the tars were
regaled with an excellent dinner, a pint of porter, and a
shilling being also given to each man. At Portsmouth
the usual annual dinner was given to the officers serving
in the action, and others, on board the Victory, the ship
in which the noble and lamented Admiral was killed.

INCAUTION IN THE USE OF KNIVES.—On Monday
the foreman of Mr. Budge, a butcher, in the New-cut,
Lambeth, was engaged cutting down the skin of a calf's
head, when the knife slipped, and entered with great
violence his abdomen, cutting the intestines to a conside-
rable extent. Immediate surgical assistance was pro-
cured, but from the extent of the injuries sustained it was
recommended that the unfortunate patient should be re-
moved with all possible speed to St. Thomas's Hospital,
where he lies without hope of recovery.
SINGULAR HABITS OF A HORSE, AND EXTRA-
ORDINARY ESCAPE.—AII the world knows that the artil-
lery brigade of the Worcestershire Queen's Own aro ex-
pert to a degree in the art and mystery of a cannoneer,
but it may not be so generally known that the very
horses of the brigade are something far beyond a mere
common quadruped, not simply as to shape and other
physical requisi.es, but in matters which so much ap-
proach the vaunted reason of their biped masters, that
no one has as yet very clearly pointed out the distinc-
tion. For example, the leader of one of the guns is
named " the Gentleman," and so proud is he of his post
and title, that though gentle as a lamb at exercise, sub-
mitting to be harnessed as quietly as a donkey, and
standing fire as resolutely as the Pyramids, he will not
allow himself to be employed in any other species of
labour. Then, he can open gates and shut them, and he
has a way of hunting out the places in his walk where
workmen leave their victual bags, on which he will
pounce, carry them to a place of security, and swallow
the contents. He eats anything that comes in his way,
like a Christian; and one of his foraging excursions was
attended by so remarkable a coincidence that its history
is worth telling. He was roaming one day lately over
the domain of Hewell. when he fell in with the provant
of one of the artillerymen who was at work in an arch-
way on the grounds. He scampered off to enjoy the
spoil, but Mr. Gentleman had been observed, and notice
of
,the robbery having been given to the owner of the
prey, he left the drain and gave chase to the marauder.
Having overtaken the thievish steed and recovered his
prog,,the man returned to his work, when lo! in his ab-
sence, the arch had fallen in, and so but for the fortunate
circumstance of Gentleman stealing his dinner, and his
consequent pursuit, it must have fallen upon him, and
then, beyond a doubt, he would have met an untimely
death.— Worcester Herald.

SERIOUS ACCIDENT.—A few days ago, as a lady
residing in the Lower Deptford-road was in the act of
diverting her little boy, she took up a large piece of
pho chorus for the purpose of writing her name in a
dark corner of the room, and accidentally striking it
against the wall her hands became enveloped in one mass
of burning flame. The injury she has sustained is of
the most painful character, and it is feared that ampu-
tation will be necessary, so that she will lose one, if not
both, of her hands. What renders the accident more
remarkable is, that she had previously given instructions
to those of her household not to touch the phosphorus,
and shortly afterwards fell a victim herself to its most
dangwous effects.
DESTRUCTIVENESS OF GAME.—At the last meeting
of the Bedford county magistracy, Mr. T. A. Green,
of Parcenham, alluded to the injury done to the crops
by game, and the great expense cast upon the county in
the prosecution of poachers. The magistrates of the
county should petition Parliament for a repeal of the
game•laws; any suggestion emanating from such a body
would not fail to have due influence. Mr. T. C. Higgins
expressed his readiness to sign any petition properly
drawn up. There could be no doubt but that the game-
laws worked inconveniently, but it so happened that
those intrusted with the administration of the law were
those most interested in its maintenance. He had very
great doubt whether a petition would be of any use, as
it was impossible for Parliament to say that persons of
property should not preserve game. Lord C. Russell,
M.P., freely admitted that the preservation of game was
an evil, inasmuch as it was a species of property claimed
by private individuals, and for the protection of which
the putlie ought not to be taxed. He did not anticipate
any good result from legislation, because a repeal or re-
laxation of the law would only give an additional impulse
to poaching. He thought that there was less mischief
in having a great deal of game properly preserved than
was likoly to result from a little unwatched. It was

said that the game-laws had a demoralising effect
upon the lower classes) to some extent that was true,

but there was a great deal of exaggeration on that point.
his principal ground of objection to the game-laws was,
that they injured the agricultural labourers, as the
farmers were deterred from the cultivation of roots
and green crops, which were destroyed by game. The
best course to adopt would be, that gentlemen should
have no more game than they could take care of pro.
perly, for as soon as the game went on another
man '$ ground it was a very strong temptation. Mr. T.
A. Green apprehended that there would be no neces-
sity for game-laws provided the laws against trespass
were made more stringent. He knew that the subject
would be brought before Parliament next session, and
it occurred to him that it was far better the proposition
should emanate from a body such as he was addressing,
than that it should come from persons hostile to the
game-laws. Mr. T. Harvey doubted whether a repeal
of the game-laws would have all the moral effect antici-
pated ; at least it was very certain that it would not put
down the regular poachers. If magistrates had a summary
jurisdiction in cases of trespass, that might do away
with the necessity for the game-laws, but that might
be considered as interfering with the liberty of the sub-
. ject. After some further discussion, and no substantive
modal having been proposed, the consideration of the
subject was postponed.
The late Mr. Thomas Brueton, of Bilston, after
leaving numerous legacies to his relatives, 500/. to the
we,leyan Chapel at 13ilston, and considerable sums to
various chapels belonging to the "Primitive Methodists,"
has directed that the residue of his property, which it is
supposed will amount to upwards of 20,0001., shall be
equally divided between the British and Foreign Bilde
Society, the Wesleyan Missionary Society, the London
Missionary Society, the Wolverhampton Dispensary, tie
Birmingham General Hospital, the Queen's Hospital,
Birmingham, and the Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb at
Edgbaston.—Essex herald.

GALLANT CONDUCT of a BRITISH

OFFICER.

On the 12th of August, in lat. 15 S., lon. 11 30 E.,
when off Fish Bay, Mr. John F. Tottenham, mate of
her Majesty's' ship Hyacinth, was sent in a four-oared
gig, with one spare hand, to communicate with the
Portuguese Governor. The weather having become
thick, he missed the port, and being unacquainted
with the coast, anchored the boat for the night. On
the following morning he pulled again to the south-
ward, and, about noon, discovering a suspicious-looking
brig without colours slip and make sail, he gave
chase. There being but little wind, and the vessel en-
tangled with the land, he was enabled to get within
musket shot of her, and fired wide of ,her to induce
her to show her colours. This, however, was dis-
regarded; and the officer observing them trim up a
post, and run a gun out, pulled into her wake. Some
of the brig's crew immediately commenced firing
musketry, whilst the others got the gun on the poop
and pointed it at the boat. Mr. Tottenham upon
this fired as fast as the spare hand could load for him,
and with such coolness and precision (as was afterwards
proved) that almost every bullet expended was traced
to the gun-carriage or its immediate vicinity. Four
of the crew having been wounded, to avoid being
boarded they ran the brig _on shore and abandoned
her—to the number of 18—leaving ene 'man behind,
who soon after died of his wounds.

Mr. Tottenham immediately took possession of the
brig, which proved to be a fine vessel of 200 tons, and
fully equipped for carrying 1,000 slaves. Her decks
were stress ed with muskets, swords, and bayonets; a
barrel of gunpowder, and a quantity of ball -cartridges,
besides two four-pounders, loaded.

In the course of the afternoon she was discovered
from the mast-head of the Hyacinth, which stood in
and hove her off. The astonishment of Captain Scott
and his crew at finding so large a vessel captured by
his four-oared gig may be easily conceived.

BONDING IN MANCHESTER.—We believe we may
now say that all that depends upon either the corporation
of Manchester, or the authorities of the Custom-house
here, to prepare for the introduction of bonding into Man-
chester, has been done, and that everything is now in state
of readiness to commence immediately. We understand
that several buildings have been licensed as bondingware-
houses ; and, as will be seen by articles elsewhere, the
corporation have adopted a tariff of town dues upon the
various commodities to be bonded, and also fixed a rate to
be paid to them by the owners of bonding warehouses,
from which source a fund will be raised for the purpose
of defraying the salaries and expenses of the staff of
Customs' officers, all of whom are now at their posts at
the Custom-house in Mosley-street. We have not heard
of any goods being, as yet, actually bonded, but believe
that notice has been given of a quantity of wine, on its
way hither for that purpose.—Manchester Guardian.
The General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the
city of Salisbury were held on Monday last, on which
occasion the calendar contained the name of only one
prisoner for trial. The Learned Recorder congratulated
the grand jury on this circumstance, which he considered
highly creditable to the city, and expressed a hope that
it might long be so honourably distinguished. The
Learned Gentleman further remarked, that during
recent journeys into various parts of the country, he had
observed the excellent effect of the rewards given to
labourers by agricultural associations; and it appeared
to him that industry might be encouraged, and crime
diminished by similar institutions in towns and cities,
to provide rewards for the must faithful servants and
workmen. The single bill sent before the grand jury
having been ignored, the only business which occupied
the court, was the trial of an indictment for assault, pre-
ferred by Mr. Phillips, Wyman, against Mr. Clayton,
saddler, both of Salisbury. It appeared that the plain-
tiff had made use of some scurrilous language to the
defendant, which the latter revenged by horsewhipping
him in the public streets. The jury accompanied their
verdict with a recommendation to mercy ; and the de-
fendant was sentenced to pay a fine of five shillings, and
to enter into recognizances to keep the peace.—Devizes
Gazette.

An anecdote has been related to us of the King of
the French, on the authority of an ear-witness' which
cannot fail of proving of interest to our readers. On the
occasion of his Majesty's late installation as a Knight of
the Garter, when the Chancellor of the Order, the Bishop
of Winchester, arrived at that part of the ceremony at
which the knight is called upon to declare that he ' will
not make any unjust or unholy war upon the Sovereign
of the Order," the King interrupted the Prelate, and em-
phatically exclaimed more than once, " No, I never will."
Ills Majesty afterwards desired to be furnished with a
copy of the oath, in order, as he remarked, that he might
observe minutely its injunctions.
AN IMPUDENT HOAX.— On Monday last, a great
number of the citizens of York assembled on the Melton
high road, near to the first toll-bar, to which place they
had been invited by handbills, extensively circulated in
the city during the early part of the day, containing the
following announcement:—"RAlLWAYS SUPERSEDED.—
The nobility and public of York are respectfully informed
that Hamer and Pigott's novel and extraordinary road
engine, with curricle attached (proceeding to Hull for
immediate shipment for Hamburgh), and which met with
the unqualified approbation of her Majesty and Prince
Albert., from its performances in the Grand Quadrangle
of Windsor Castle, will exhibit its powers, under the
guidance of Mr Boyd, R.E., on the level line of road,
between the Ship Inn, and the first turnpike on the
Melton road, between the hours of two or three P.M. this
day. A limited number of seats on the engine, ss. each;
seats of the curricle, 3.—Oct. 7th." The anticipated
novelty of the exhibition produced great interest in the
public mine!, and the hundreds of people who had as-
sembled waited patiently till an hour had elapsed from
the time announced, when a feeling of suspicion that the
whole was an impudent hoax, pervaded; and such
turned out to be the case, fur neither engine, nor any re-
presentative of the above firm, ever made their appear-
ance.—York paper.

. .
The Commissioners of Greenwich Hospital have given
2001. in aid of the erection of a parsonage-house at
Scremerston, near Berwick-upon-Tweed. They have
also promised a similar sum towards the building of a
new church at Nenthead, in Cumberland.

FATAL COLLIERY ACCIDENT.—An inquest was
held, at the Leeds Court-house, on Wednesday last,
before G. T. Harrison, Esq., Deputy-Coroner, on view
of the body .of John Thomas, a coal-miner, aged 18
years, lying dead at the infirmary. The deceased, who
worked at the colliery of Mr. Rogers, at Beeston, was
at the bottom of the shaft, on the 4th instant; and a
heavy piece of wood, which was being sent up on the
top of a corve, came in contact with a descending corve,
was knocked oft; and fell upon the head of the deceased,
and fractured his skull. lie,was removed to the Leeds
General Infirmary, where he expired on Tuesday last.
Verdict—" Accidental death."—Leeds Times.
PLAYING WITH FIRE.—.A most disastrous fire oc-
curred at Dymock, in this county, on Wednesday last ;
the origin of it was somewhat singular. It appears
that two little boys were playing at killing pigs in a
barn, when the one who mimicked the butcher pro-
ceeded to singe the other, and lit a lucifer match, by
which the straw in the barn ignited, and the place was
soon in a blaze. The boys ran away, being too frightened
to give an alarm, and the wind fanning the flames, they
communicated to some stacks of hay and corn, and we
regret to state that property to the amount of SOU was
destroyed. The premises are the property of Mr. Thack-
well, but now in the occupation of Mr. Cummings, of
the George Inn, Dymock.—Cheltenham Free Press.
OUTRAGE AT ALBANY BARRACKS.—A special
Court Martial was held at Albany Barracks, Isle of
Wight, on Wednesday and Thursday last, on Thomas
Mills, a private of the 45th depot, under the following
circumstances :—A fortnight ago prisoner was placed in
confinement in the dry-room for drunkenness and ab-
sence from duty, and being afterwards informed that he
was to prepare for afternoon parade, he said he could
not as he had sold his kit and everything except
what he had on. At the same time he asked the
corporal on duty if he could see the paymaster-
sergeant ? The corporal took the message, and re-
turned informing him that he was to go on parade
as he was. This he refused to do, and using some
very threatening language, demanded again to see the
paymaster-sergeant. The corporal then left him, and
in a few moments after the prisoner fired his musket oft
through the window, it is supposed at some parties at a
distance from the spot, but happily it did no injury. He
was then taken into custody, and on Thursday he was
found guilty ; but sentence is at present deferred. It is
expected he will be transported for fourteen years.
Another court-martial will be held in a few days on
James Munns, a private of the 97th depot, who a few
days ago, whilst on guard, fired at another private, who
was also on guard. lie likewise fired E 4 the " relief"
as they came up to him • the bullet struck one of their
muskets, and slanting off, grazed the ear of one of the
men, fortunately without doing further damage.—Hamp-
shire Advertiser.
THE LICENSING SYSTEM IN SOUTH WALEs.—A
CURIOUS AND A CRUEL CASE.—We have just heard of
a case of magisterial tyranny and oppression in this
neighbourhood—we really can give it no milder name.
The object, or rather the victim, is a woman—a respect-
able widow, who has for many years kept a little coun-
try inn not many miles from Carmarthen. The case, as
we have already intimated, supplies such an exemplifi-
cation of " Justices' Justice," it is altogether of such an
abominable character, that we abstain from publishing
the names of any of the parties until we shall have made
further inquiry. The facts, as related to us ont,
un-
doubted authority, are these :—The widow applied
two magistrates for the renewal of her annual license,
which was granted without remark or objecitiieon;ebfuusteidt
was afterwards withheld from her, becauosfe
complyto
addtio ittoh
the
ee extortionateregular es. demand
The_hwal.f...cchr.saolv,of,n-nae-wcora_ost7t:,:,
in the
magistrates been spent at a public-bou se,_27lt
magistrates is owner or landlord.-
13 Is
hear
anSdirtaJk.s eacil;.einttgsiswiimiepnrohvoinigs
in Weheal
tahreahnda
strength,pi) o
The
equal to it. The lio.n. Baronet. is visited every evening
b 3 some branch of his family and intimate friends.
Duke and Duchess of Norfolk and Lord E. Howard are
constantly with Sir J. Beckett.
The lion. Cecil Forester, M.P., has left Englani
for a lengthened period for Italy.

Lord de Manley and C. C. Greville, Esq., Clerk of
the Council, have left London for Bessborough, Ireland,
the beautiful seat of the Earl of Bessborough, who en-
tertains there a distinguished party of friends.
AN ABUSIVE MISSIONARY.--A Baptist Missionary
at Trinidad, named Cowan, was in September ordered
to find security for his keeping the peace towards a
" teacher." The "reverend" gentleman had, it appears,
called complainant " a nasty filthy beast," and shook his
fist at him ; while "his lady" had been equally violent
in her abuse of complainant's wife, to whom she had ap
plied equally offensive epithets.

c
THE NEW ROYAL EXCHAN • E.
The new buildings opposite to the east en :)f. the
Exchange have now reached an elevation 4 4ch
enables us to judge sufficiently how much the It
obstruct the view and impair the effect of this elabo-
rate part of the magnificent pile. It must now be
obvious to the most economical advocates for small
areas and close views, that it would be necessary to
clear away the 'Space to F inch-lane, at least, in order
to give the tower a chance of being well seen. The
oblique view from Birchin-lane has been said, by a
correspondent of a Morning paper, to be the most
favourable that can be had of the whole structure.
But surely it cannot be pretended that the new houses
opposite do not interfere with , and materially spoil the
effect, even in that view—whereas they exclude us
altogether from obtaining, at an adequate distance, a
direct view, in which alone the symmetry of the
tower itself, and its harmony with the pares
upon which it is imposed, could be truly observed.
That the architect considered it an important feature,
and that he intended it should he imposing, is very
evident; and it is also to he supposed that those who
selected the design regarded it as such. The ordi-
nary observer cannot possibly be impressed with its
full character and expression from any point of sight
that is now accessible; and after the expenditure of
so much money, and the employment of so much
talent, in erecting a temple of commerce that might
b worthy of its great purpose, and of the commercial
capital of the world, it is a pitiable economy to de-
tract so much from its grandeur for a saving com-
paratively mean.' This poor parsimony we regret the
rn're, on account of the grave objections we are com-
pelled to make to this very tower itself, which is de-
prived of its only chance of looking to advantage.
As seen from the east front over the portico, it does
not seem to belong to the building, and as
seen from Birchin-lane, it seems a very anomalous
superstructure. It is palpably incongruous with the
:.orm and character of the whole building. If there
must be a tower, the prejudice of Mr. Tite against
projections (expressed in the description of his plan)
might have yielded to this necessity, and a beautiful
tower might be less objectionable as an appendage to
a building of this style and model, than it is inad-
missible as a part. At all events, there is no excuse
for the erection of a tower without a base, and upon
the top of a building, in outline and details abso•
lutely complete. The rich, bold entablature, being
continued over the sunken tetrastyle in the centre of
the east-end, effectually cuts off the tower from the
building below, and renders its baseless character
more obvious. We believe, however, that in one
paint of view, which the poverty or the niggardliness
of the City has shut out, this blemish would be less
apparent, and the effect of the whole east-end would
he rich and pleasing, though not correct —we mean
from a moderate distance in direct front of the centre,
froM Finch-lane.

There are yet some particulars in the exterior to
which we must make exception, and reluctantly, be-
cause we admit its general grandeur. The greatest
of all is the essential want of characteristic expres-
sion. So far as we have had opportunities of judging,
this complaint would lie against the other designs in
the competition. The subject is one of great diffi-
culty ; and, in what way that difficulty was to be
overcome, or the great purpose of the building was
to be expressed in its external structure, it would be
presumptuous, as it is too late for us, to suggest to
the able and accomplished President. Yet we may
observe that, in the late Exchange, this was to some
extent effected. The arcades and the shops within
them gave it the character of a place to which people
resorted for trade, and it is scarcely too much to say,
that a stranger, knowing only that there was in Lon-
don a great building for the congress of the merchants
of the world, would say—on coming unguided to the
Spot—" this is the Exchange." The shops, in the
intercolumniations of Mr. Tite's work, do not supply
the deficiency of character; but they are moreover
very poor, and altogether at variance with the bold-
ness and richness of the other details. Nor can we
cease from fault-finding until we have protested
against the erection of those two fragments of an
arcade, which stand in such awkward prominence upon
the roof on either side of the pediment. They are said
to be chimney stacks, elegantly disguised. Now, it'
high classical architecture, so unsuited to our climate,
continues to be adopted to our principal buildings,
some means of dispensing with chimneys ought to be
contrived.

In the interior, whi!st, gran leer proportionate to
that of the exterior is maintained, no objection forces
itself upon the judgment of a candid observer. The
area of the ambulatory is spacious—the surrounding
architecture, bold, rich, and imposing. The ceiling
and walls of the arcade are adorned with arabesque, in
finely-coloured terracotta, of elegant design and sin-
gular beauty. The introduction of this material will
do wonders in the adornment of interiors, both in
public and private edifices. Upon a close examina-
tion, we are greatly pleased with the exactness and
tine finish of all parts of the work ; and this remark
applies equally to every other department. The ac-
curacy of the masonry could not be surpassed, and
the carved work—in the festoons, capitals, &e.—is
admirably executed. The contractor, Mr. Jackson,
deserves infinite credit for the manner in which he
has completed his undertaking, with faultless work-
manship, and, even in those recent discontented times,
without strike or murmur amongst the numerous
persons employed.
With respect to the external architecture, having
remarked upon blemishes, which might have been
avoided, and must be acknowledged with regret, we
are the more free to avow our admiration of the
general effect—the magnificence of the portico at the
west-end—and the noble design of the entrances in
the north and south sides. Whatever faults a severe
—or, if he will have it so, an ill-natured and pre-
sumptuous—criticism may profess to discover, Mr.
Tite has produced a splendid specimen of art, honour.
able to the school to which he belongs, indicative of
genius and industry, and sufficient to place him in the
first rank of modern architects, from the Pontificate
of Leo to the reign of our own Victoria. Our accom-
plished Queen will he as well pleased to inaugurate
his noble building, as was her glorious predecessor,
Elizabeth, in the inauguration of the original struc-
ture. The spirit of the munificent Gresham may be
supposed to look down with satisfaction upon this
worthy tribute to his memory, and the citizens of
London will long be proud of their " New Royal
Exchange."

PAPER HANGINGS.

CAUSE OF OUR INFERIORITY TO THE
FRENCH IN PAPER-HANGINGS.

If we cast our eyes towards the French, as our
principal competitors, we find that the methods in
practice here are precisely the same as they have in,
use ; that in the mechanical branches we are superior,
and the colours we employ are far more durable;
that at one time we equalled their productions of the
present day, and the only difference that exists is our
want of proper artists, and of course the want of pro-
per instructors, to educate them for the profession.
While they employ (as did our former manufacturers)
men who understand the principles of design and
the harmony of colouring, and who make it their
aim to unite every beauty with taste and cultivated
judgment, we throw all this important branch upon
persons who, to gain a scanty living, require to unite
the two professions of designer and dealer in block-
cutting. It is not to be expected but that those men
will throw off a number of patterns of most inferior
quality ; they cannot be supposed to pay the atten-
tion which is required to produce good work, nor
have they ever had the means of educating themselves
sufficiently to enable them to equal work which is the
result of careful and indefatigable study and prac-
tice. This shows a great want of encouregement
on the part of the English manufacturers that we
must hope to see remedied. The designer in
England is not deemed the man of talent—the man
of genius—who is looked up to as possessing great
and superior abilities, whose refinement of mind en-
sures him respect and honour wherever he goes ;—no,
he on whom the manufacturer depends for his success
in trade—he on whom devolves the important task of
creating from his practice or mind beautiful forms
and elegant combinations, it is a melancholy fact, is
paid less for his labour than the mechanic that is
merely employed to print the pattern after it is pre-
essipto.ywfeorr tohfocuogmht:
p ar
nothinge d tobhuits
thhaant d
w,
hwi halo
exert.— —The Budder.
mon animal strength to
ihsaswinthoinneethe

was on Thursday brought to
veteran corps of pensionersa
of melancholy duty—the burial
a close in performance
ti -----I—rmits.L.—The military display of the
the veteran in question,
MILITARY F
Tuesday, night. He had been
died very suddenly on
h inspection all the day previous, apparently in
out at t •
e
when Major-General Sir Niel Douglas, who
good health,
of a comrade. James Mason,
retained a lively recollection of his services during the
late war, entered into conversation with him, the de-
ceased having been with Sir Niel at the memorable
field of Waterloo; on which occasion Mason acted as
field bugler to that distinguished officer. The corps hav-
ing formed in military order before the residence of the
deceased in the Lawnmarket--a firing party in front
with arms reversed, and the band—proceeded with the
corpse shoulder high to the New Cemetery at Warris-
inwteerrere(dm‘lvwitdhedthewuitshuasip elaliensStwreeertes
mi-
litaryton, w hheorneouhriss. re
rni-1,
tators, attracted by the novelty of the spectacle.—
Caledonian. Mercury.
EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW ItAiLwAY,--We ob-
serve that during thi% winter months the second-class
carriages are to be closed in by means of windows, as in
the the first-class carriages. This will be an immense
improvement, and highly conducive to the comfort of the
passengers travelling by this class of carriages, which
hitherto have been the least liked of all from the strong
current of cold air running through them.—Glasgour
Argus.

NEW GAME-LAW ACT.—Sir James Graham's pro-
posed bill for the modification of the game-laws has been
sent round to several influential sporting noblemen and
landholders, and has, it is said, excited as much general
indignation amongst the squirearchy, at such a diminu-
tion of their privileges, as the new Medical Bill has done
th.,,eiiintrv.—Leeds Times.

477 1

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. i
FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. 1

GLOBE.—Mr. Hutt, in his recent speech at Gates-
head, animadverted with great justice on the system
of mendacious representation which was employed to
raise the present party in power from being a party in
Opposition. All oppositions have more or less tempta-
tiont o•" mendacious representation"—whether in the
shape of suppressio yeri, or suggestio falsi. Their posi-
tion is that of men whose views have been, for the time,
superseded in affairs ; and they would be something
more than human, were they always quite just to
those who have superseded them. All that, in the
frailty of nature, can well be demanded of Opposi-
tion, is that they shall not excite popular prejudices
which they do not partake themselves—nay, which
they are predetermined to thwart, the moment they
may attain office. If, for instance, the Whigs
echoed the repeal cry now, with the purpose of
again abjuring it, when it had served the turn of
rendering it impossible for their opponents to
govern Ireland—they would become chargeable with
equal perfidy as the late Protestant Opposition—now
merged in the Peel Ministry. Mr. llutt truly stated
that "prejudices the most gross were set forth as
undeniable truth ; passions scarcely compatible with
public society were declared at the monster meetings
of the Conservatives, and religious intolerance against
Catholic influence was declared to be the Christianity
of the Church of England—the reformed Church of
this country." Where is now the Protestant Oppo-
sition of 1840 ? Gentle Gladstone, tell us where ?
Where that Opposition whose organ, Lord
Ashley, gave notice that he would move
for a call of the House to consider the hor-
rible proposition that the State should assist the great
object of public instruction, irrespectively of the reli-
gious opinions of those who might seek a share in it ?
Where the addresses hurriei to the foot of the throne
by a zealous concourse of Peers and Prelates, the par-
takers of Inglis's wisdom, and Lyndhurst's con-
science ? Where those orthodox country gentlemen
who, as Mr. Hutt said, "could not sleep in their beds,
when Lord John Russell proposed to do by Parlia-
mentary enactment the very same thing Lord Wham-
cliffe now announces may be done without it?"
Where, above all, that faithful phalanx,_ which was
to have stemmed the influx. of Roman Catholicism ?
Why Henry of Exeter is patronising Dr. Pusey, and
Mr. Gladstone (in writings generally ascribed to him)
beseeching the Newmaniacs (with their Romish
"tastes" and "affections") to stay in our Church!
What is this but beseeching "Parley the Porter" to keep
the keys of the citadel, for fear his zeal should lead
him to go out, instead of letting the enemy in. We
meddle with no persuasions ; however repulsively dif-
ferent from our own. We meddle not, therefore,
with Roman Catholics. But as men of a Protestant
laity, we have a right to demand that Roman Catho-
licism shall not be restored by a Protestant priesthood.
We have a right to demand that articles subscribed by
Churchmen, as their title and passport to the position
which the State assigns them, shall be subscribed in
their natural—and not, according to the avowal of
these Retrogrades—in a non-natural sense lOr we have
a right to demand of Mr. Gladstone, the gentleman who
more peculiarly professes to represent Church principles
in the present Administration—that, as we have had
an Aberdeen Kirk Bill, and an Unitarian Chapel Bill,
and Lord Beaumont's Catholic Bill—we shall have a
Gladstone Puseyite Bill. It is unquestionable that
the Church-connexion with the State hangs on Act
of Parliament. While that connexion subsists, the
Church parties to it cannot throw off its conditions.
The only alternatives (however this p'eudo-Protes-
tant Jesuitism seeks to evade them) are that the con-
ditions be observed, or altered, or that the parties
breaking them, quit the connexion ! Mr. Gladstone
implores the Puseyites to stay in the Church.
We, as Protestant parties to its State con-
nexion, demand that they leave it—or that Mr.
Gladstone, who would have them stay, carry,
if he can, a Comprehension Act to admit their
staying, and end the flagitious farce of subscribing
plain terms in a non-natural sense. England
and Rome cannot be cheated into re-union. The
recognition of Romish authority is intelligible—
the recognition of Anglican authority is intelligible;
but the one excludes the other—the one is under
the other's anathema. The Newmaniacs talk of the
mischievous nationality in the English idea of a
Church. But it is only as national—as independent
of Roman, or all other than national authority—
that the English Church can maintain its present
position at all. If Rome is the true mother church
—if return to unity with Rome the true object—
then Rome has a right to the immediate uncondi-
tional obedience of all those who deem her such. The
Newmaniac party, in their " Lives of the English
Saints," represent Rome in that light. Then for
them there can be no honest abiding in the Anglican
communion. We have spoken of the late Protestant
Opposition as an exploded humbug. It is for others,
in higher places, to consider whether the Protestant
Church will not equally come to be termed the late
one, if professed members of it are permitted to pro-
ceed in their present pious work of pouring periodical
insults on it.

STANDARD.—" What is the repeal movement
in Ireland to be? " inquires the Morning Chronicle
with simplicity. As respects the substance of the
question, it is easily answered. The repeal move-
ment will be what it is and hae been, and must be,
and what all similar movements for the last forty
years have been—a sordid money-making swindle.
The shape that the movement may assume is un-
certain, and it is of little consequence, of as
little consequence as the name or the colour
of the next quack nostrum issued by any
poison vendor, or as the shape of the bottle in
which the unwholesome mixture may be dispensed.
The repeal movement and the empirical trade are
in all respects similar—a barter, by the aid of
lies and exaggeration, of trash and poison, for sterling
money. No man is now in the dark upon this subject;
all see that Mr. O'Connell and his gang have no object, '
never had any object, but the acquisition of muney
upon a false pretence. He knows, as well as any one
in the empire, that it were just as easy to bring down
the moon as either t ) carry his original scheme of
repeal, or his substituted scheme of federalism. But,
under pretence of effecting the one, he has taken from
the poorest peasantry in the world some hundreds of
thousands of pounds ; and under the pretence of ef-
fecting the other, or some like pretence, he will con-
tinue the drain. Meanwhile, as the retreat upon fe-
deralism is a plain abandonment of repeal, he is a
confessed defrauder of his wretched countrymen,if he
do not return to the last farthing all the money he
has extorted from them under the assurance that
he would accomplish the latter. Will he refund ?
The question would be answered by one horse-
laugh from Itathlin to Cape Clear. Oh, no;
Mr. O'Connell understands as well as any one,
the double trouble of paying back." We have said
that the mendicant has been for fourteen years pro-
secuting this fraud. We might greatly lengthen the
term; the emancipation movement was but an earlier
stage of the same swindle. The movement; differ
indeed in this, that "the emancipation" was
from the outset certain (the unhappy Act of
1793 had secured that), while the repeal was
from the first a notorious impossibility. Mr.
O'Connell is accustomed to boast that it was
he who carried the Bill of 1829. Never was there a
more gross falsehood. lie retarded that Bill for
twenty years, and greatly were we obliged to him
for doing so. The proof that it was he who so
long delayed the Bill is in the hands of every
one who can and will read. Look to the
several speeches of the pro-Romanists in the
emancipation debates from 1805 to 1829, and it
will be seen that the great difficulty which
those pro-Romanist', Mr. Grattan, Lord Plun-
kett, Lord Grenville, &c., had to overcome was
presented by the proceedings of Mr. O'Connell ,
and his accomplices in " Catholic committees,"
" Catholic hoards," " Catholic associations," &c.
Look again to the decisive fact, that when in
1829 the Ministers (urged by the King's double
dealing) had made up their minds to take
the dangerous step, they found that they could
not dare to move in it until they had first silenced
Mr. O'Connell and h!s gang by a Bill suppress-
ing " the Roman Catholic Association." These '
are facts upon the record, and open to all ;
and if they do not approve that Mr. O'Connell
retarded, instead of advancing, emancipation,"nothing was ever proved in political logic. Never-
theless, at the wind-up, the whole balance of the
Association funds, extorted from the poor (an
enormous sum, as we have heard), passed into the
pocket of Mr. Daniel O'Connell, as the reward of his
services in effecting that arrangement which he, and
he only, retarded fur twenty years, and which the
force of circumstances in the end effected in spite of
him. The success of this gigantic quackery—
;50,0001. car 60,0001. paid for the recovery of a patient,
whom he had kept twenty years an invalid, and whose
recovery he could not prevent—the success of this
gigantic quackery r.ffurdecl encouragement and temp-
tation to further fraud not to be resisted ; but the
quack having pocketed his fee for the cure could
no longer pretend that the patient was indisposed,
and thefore he bethought him 'of a new delusion—
a measure analogous sto the Eli.rir, by which the
knaves of the sixteenth centurypro
promised to renew
youth, and to invest with immortality. This kind
of fraud has the advantage
ought
e that it cannot be exposed
until the only party who to be able to ex-
pose lt it is silent in his quiet grave.
a swindle in fee—a freehold rent-charge upon
folly and ignorance. )From this second piece
roguery, however, Mr. O'Connell has certainslY
received between two and three hundred thousand
pounds sterling, plus the balance of the Catholic
rent, ,:of which we have already spoken.
This is perfectly well understood by every man in
Great Britain, and upon the continent of Europe, and
by every intelligent man in Ireland. Nay, the secret
of the repeal movement has transpired even in the
United States. 'We live in a commercial age.. This con-

dition may present disadvantages, but it presents ad-
vantages also. In other times greedy demagogues
might deceive the public, perhaps sometimes
deceive themselves as to the utter sordidness of
their motives. Men might imagine that there
was no necessary connexion between proud am-
bition and sneaking avarice, and that the as-
pirant to popularity, and through popularity to
office, thought merely of the glory of being useful
to his country without the least regard to the
quarterly intimations of national gratitude, annexed
to the coveted station—formerly men might think
in this way, but our commercial age presents much
truer and more practical views. The patriot of
the nineteenth century despises the delicate cir-
cuitousness with which his predecessors fleeced
the silly public. He knows that bribes
and fraud-money always lose something in
the way, by a process similar to that
of friction in mechanics ; he, therefore, takes his bribe
or fraud-money directly in integro, and without cere-
mony. Now this is, in our opinion, a great advantage
of our commercial age, for it enables all the intelligent
part of the public to estimate, within a fraction of
the truth, the value of political quacks and of their
drugs ; and, sometimes, as in Mr. O'Connell's case, to
strike a balance between the demagogues and their
dupes.

CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.
OLD COURT.
(Before the RECORDER.)
John Stroud, seaman, aged twenty-two, was placed at
the bar, charged with stealing three planes, value 55., the
property of Win. Barrington Brown. The prisoner was
detained upon two other charges of larceny.
Mr. Brown was called, and proved that the prisoner
was employed by him. He had from time to time missed
various articles, which he traced to a pawnbroker's. and
which were pawned by the prisoner. He was found with
a cloak in his possession, which he stated he got from a
servant-girl to pawn. It was stated by Mr. Brown that
he had no servant-girl at the time.
The jury found the prisoner Guilty.
The RECORDER asked the prisoner what countryman
he was ? The prisoner replied that he was a native of
St. Helena. _ _ _ _ _

The RECORDER, in passing sentence, said that had the
prisoner been a native of this country he would probably
send him out of the country, but as he was a stranger,
and comparatively unprotected, he would only sentence
him to twelve months' imprisonment, with hard labour,
in the House of Corrertion.

There were several other cases disposed of, but they
were all of a trivial character.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.

(Before the ASSISTANT JUDGE, and a full Bench of
Magistrates.)
The October Quarter Sessions for the County, was held
by adjournment, yesterday, at the Guildhall, Westminster.
The calendar contains the names of forty-one prisoners, of
whom three were misdemeanants, and the remaining
thirty-eight charged with felony. Some of the crimes
Kith which the prisoners are charged were of a serious
nature.

The ASSISTANT JUDGE briefly addressed the Grand
Jury, and congratulated them on the comparative light-
ness of the calendar, stating that there were no points
to which it was necessary for him to advert.
STRIPPING CHILDREN.—A forbidding-looking female,
about forty years of age, was charged with stealing a
quantity of children's apparel, the property of John
under the following aggravated circumstances.
It appeared by the evidence, that the prosecutor's
two children were playing in the neighbourhood of
Strutton-ground, where the prisoner was seen speaking
to them, and eventually led them away by the hands.
They weresoon afterwards found in a yard,
.not far
from the spot whero she was first seen, with their shoes,
and one of their bonnets and a shawl taken away.
The eldest child, an intelligent girl of about seven
years old, stated that the prisoner led them away under
the pretence of buying them cakes, and when she got
them in.o the spot where they were found, took away
their clothes.

The jury after a short consultation brought in a ver-
dict of Guilty ; and the prisoner was sentenced to six
months' imprisonment, with hard labour.

A tall athletic man was indicted, under the name of
John Radford, for having stolen a coat, value 21., the
property of William Nicholls.
The prosecutor deposed that the prisoner walked
boldly into his shop about twelve o'clock in the day, and
s etching up the coat rushed out of the door. He was
pursued, and eventually captured after a smart chase,
when he made a desperate resistance, but was overpowered.
Lieutenant Tracy, the governor of Westminster Bride-
well, stated to the Court that the prisoner had been
already twice convicted, and subjected to a lengthened
imprisonment.
The ASSISTANT JUDOB said the prisoner had had a
narrow escape from transportation. He should give him
one chance more, and only sentence him to six months'
imprisonment, with hard labour.

A number of other cases of petty larceny were tried,
in which there appeared not the slightest point of general
interest, after which the Court adjourned.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
(YESTERDAY.)
MANSION-HOUSE.

A young woman, named Mary Saunders, was
brought before Alderman Gibbs, by Mr. Owen, the
proprietor of the Yorkshire Grey tavern, in Lower
Thames-street, as a destitute person.

Mr. Owen stated that the young woman came to
town, from Leeds, by the Hull steam-packet, on
Thursday, with her master and mistress and two
c!iildren, and they lodg,d at his house till Saturday.
On Saturday morning they went out, and, at about
twelve o'clock, the master and mistress and children
returned, and the bill having been settled they took
away their trunks, and a bundle which Mary Saun-
ders had brought to the house, containing her clothes.
It was supposed, of course, that the servant girl was
provided for somewhere, but, on the evening of the
day her master and mistress departed she called at
Mr. Owen's house, in tears, and said that her master
had taken her to a distant part of the town, on her
way to which she saw "Parliament-street " on a
board at the end of a street, and told her to
wait for him in a public-house for four minutes, but
never returned. She knew nothing of London, and
not being possessed of a farthing's worth of property
except the clothes on her back, the landlord boarded
and lodged her, or she must have been reduced to
dreadful misery. At last it occurred to him that the
chief magistrate might suggest some plan by which
:,,ervice might be rendered to her.

Alderman Genus—And they deliberately took away
he girl's bundle as well as their own property? Mr.
Owen—They took away everything.
Alderman GIBBS—It is a very extraordinary story,
indeed. What might have been the value of the
bundle ?

Mary Saunders said she did not exactly know ; but
it contained all the goods she had in the world, two
gowns, two shifts, three pairs of stockings, and some
oth little necessary artiiaes of apparel.
Alderman GIBBS—What was your master ? Mary
Saunders—He was a copperplate printer, at Leeds,
and worked for a master. I lived with my master
and mistress four months.

Alderman GIBBS—And you cannot form any
opinion of the manner in which they have disposed of
themselves? Mary Saunders—Not at all, my Lord.
My master told me mistress was gone to buy apples for
the two children, and when he took me to the public-
house he said he would be back immediately, and
then I waited and waited till near four o'clock.

Alderman GIBBS—How did you find your way to
Mr. Owen's house ?

Mary Saunders—l asked a policeman the way to
the Custom. houso, and when I got there I easily
found Mr. Owen.

Mr. Owen—The only opinion I can form is, that
the master and mistress of the poor girl brought her
ton merely to have the benefit of her attendance
upon their children, and determined to get rid of her
as soon and as effectually as they could after their
arrival. I have been imposed upon more than once
by the representations of persons who have landed
from steamers, but the poor girl has nothing at all
about her to justify the suspicion that she is an im-
postor.
Alderman Gums—You have acted with kindness,
which has probably saved the poor girl from ruin.
Be so good as to take care of her till Friday, when
we shall learn more about her.

Mr. Goodman (the chief clerk) then wrote to the
former mistress of the young woman.
GUILDHALL.

John Henderson and Charles Mortimer were placed at
the bar, before Mr. Alderman Kelly, charged with hav-
ing attempted to utter a forged cheque upon the bank-
ing-house of Stone, Martins and Stone, Lombard-street.
The circumstances, as detailed on the first examination,
were very brief. The cheque was offered at the Bank,
and at once stopped. It bore the signature of Charles
Stokes, and had been lost by that gentleman in Morley's
Hotel, Trafalgar-square, where the prisoner Henderson
had been engaged as waiter. The cheque was ultimately
traced to him, and he was in consequence taken into
custody at his lodgings, where, on a further search, a
number of articles, supposed to be stolen from the Hotel,
were afterwards discovered.
The former evidence having been read, the prisoner
Henderson, and his brother-in-law Mortimer, to whom
he-1 had passed the cheque in the first instance, were
committed for trial. Mortimer was held to bail to ap-
pear at the Central Criminal Court to take his trial, in
case any bill should he preferred against him.
BOW-STREET.
William Stevens, John Wyatt, and James Long,
were brought up before Mr. Jardine, charged with
having committed a burglary in the house of Mr.
Nicholas Walker, landlord of the Barley Mow, 111,
Drury-lane, yesterday morning.
Police-constable West, 106 F, stated that he was
on duty yesterday morning in Drury-lane at about
three o'clock, when he saw the prisoners standing
round the prosecutor's house. He went round his
heat, and on his return he saw the prisoners again.
Stevens was standing on the top of the wall. He
them to
in
otheenspteartiwona-shfouuusue.d
uTen
Stevens.shillings and
elevenpuc
had also four half-crowns and ten shillingslY n
in silvie
silver,'
and a chisel without a handle. Upon Long was
found the handle of the chisel.
&Ir. Walker, the prosecutor, stated that Stevens