The Sun.
London, England, 1821-08-15 00:00:00

crLIE SUN.

JOCK,4 QuIS DICERE FALSUM AUDEAT?

tpt , LONDON,
I
•,,e,..._-u-kESDAY, AUGUST 15, 1821.
t---......._________
t% ill note expected of us to make any
ktrn„ e.,ri b
s upon the melancholy occurrences of
*A. `tvaY• _'Unfortunately those occurrences
14;4.4 t" forcibly themsqlves. It is difficult, if
k—ft:Pussible, for human sagacity to anticipate
INN:). andit must be presumed that Govern-
forii " In m
the arrangements which they had formed
014 34141rb course of the Royal Funeral,conceived
Istlittillle ad adopted measures least likely to ad
er of that course, and to secure the
Peace
01,,
'lie Ine Metropolis. The events shew that if
tession had been suffered to pass through the
'412 le„
is
we
ii-rmscliietifan uld have occurred. But,
, bwo
'4cuit 4.11 e already observed, foresight is not a
iild; bestowed on man to any great extent,
t.(l3l:whelier we may lament the consequences, it
tedit I.: unjust to Ministers not to give tit+
lod ti r the best intentions. We are sorry to
to the'at the spirit of faction has not descended
litlle h grave with her lIIAJESTY, but that the
illkt e "ilitY seems to prevail on both sides, and
4tie
gradi " br remains are rendered the subject
It-
ng e
controversy and factious malevolence.

111 t; c
recei'ved this morning the following au-
toti
lsl ce r
Fun especting the progress of the
eral
The Procession rzwved on to
t"ft>ttl tAt
1 -*
night. The Female Iviourners

being fatigued,,s.lept at Romford, and the Pro-
cession was to wait for their accommodation an
hour at chelrnsford this morning.

The Spanish P4pers, which we received tliim
day, contain the following articles :--
" OPORTO, JULY 28.—8 y accounts from Ma-
ranham of the 11th Anr:l we learn, that M.
Bernhard° da Silveira Pirto de Forsera, the
Captain-General, :rho was charged with the
Provisional Government, has resigned. in a

Proclamation, addressed to the inhabitants, he
says, that they must be well aware that
on the glorious day of the Gth of April
he accepted the office of Provisional Governor,
in consequence of the unanimous desire of the
citizens of all classes, including the authorities,
the public functionaries, and the military ; that
.
he declared to them that he could not accept
of the office of President of a Provisional Punta,
which was offered him; that the universal and
repeated desires of all the inhabitants and sol-
diers caused the only two citizens who wished
for a provisional Jl.v.n.a, to yield, and it was deli-
berately agreed that he should continue to exer-,
cise his function as Provisional Governor. He 1

took the oath to Religion, the Country, the
Constitution, and the King : all classes of citi-
zens, Civil,Military, and Religious, took the same
voluntarily; yet notwithstanding their solemnity,
and the character of the persons who took the
oath, he is informed that several desire a Pro-
visional Junta; as he finds that he was deceived
in supposing that his acceptance of the Pro-
visional Government was the unanimous wish
of the Citizens, he considers it to be incon-
sistent with his character to retain it, and
therefore desires that they shall choose some
other form of Government which they may ap-
prove; and exhorts them to proceed, with tran-
quillity and moderation, to disregard the sugges-
.

tions of the passions, and to choose citizens of
acknowledged virtue, wisdom, and experience,
acquainted with the interests of the Province, and
themselves interested in its welfare,'

" Letters from Bahia, of the 19th April, give
an account of the solemn celebration of Te Deum
in the Jesuit church, on occasion of his Majesty's
having acceded to the wishes of his subjects of
both hemispheres, in'approving without restric-
tion the wise and very liberal Constitution which
is forming in Portugal. The Senate had previ-
ously arranged a very splendid procession and
festival in commemoration of this event, which
wa*. cektkr%ted with a. de.gre4 ef pQrep never
before seen at Bahia, and accompanied by the
most enthusiastic demonstrations of the public joy.
" The Idade d'Ouro, a Bahia Gazette, of the
18th May, states that in the province of Rio
Grande do Sul the Gazettes of Lisbon and Bahia
are introduced with fear, and read secretly.—
This mystery seems strange ; the King swore to
the Constitution, ordered it to be proclaimed in all
Brazil, and deputies to be elected to represent the
several provinces of Brazil in the Cortes of the Na-
tion. The Gazettes of Lisbon and Bahia contain
nothing contrary to the Constitution ; they de-
claim against abuses which hi, Majesty has re-
cognised as such, and prepare the Portuguese of
both hemispheres for cordial union. What rea-
son can there be that these doctrines should be
read secretly in the province of Rio Grande'"--
(Oporto Papers to 29th July.)

SAFE ARRIVAL OF THE KING IN IRELAND.—
It afforais us extreme pleasure in being able to
announce the safe arrival of his MAJESTY KING
GEORGE the FouRTH in that part of his dominions
called Ireland—a very attspiciuus event for his
subjects of that country. On Sunday morning
the wind continued unfavourable for the royal
yacht to proceed from off Holyhead for Ireland,
and his Majesty' observing the regularity and
punctuality with which the steam-packets pro-
ceeded to anti from Holyhead to Ireland, he de-
termined on proceeding to Ireland in a steam-
packet ;.- and on Sunday morning, at a quarter be-
fore 11 o'clock, his Majesty, attended by the
Marquis of Londonderry, and his numerous suite,
went on board the steam-packet called the I.4:hi-
ning,and the packet immediatelyafter proceeded on
its way to Ireland. His Majesty was graciously
pleased to express his satisfaction at this mode of
conveyance ; and, as a mark of his Royal favour,
commanded that in future that vessel should be,
called the Royal:. George the Fourth, which the
Captain very readily obeyed, as a very high
honour conferred upon his vessel, in addition to
the honour of having conveyed the Sovereign of
England, and probably the first time Majesty
was ever conveyed by steam. This mode of con-
veyance of the King, in preference to that of the
Royal yacht, answered a material point which
his Majesty had in view—of being landed pri-
vatcly in consequence of the demise of the Queen,
and continuing in privacy till after the day cf
the removal of her Majesty's remains. his Ma.

' jesty and suite -were landed at ITowth, being the
most private.place, soon after five o'clock on
Sunday afternoon. Sir Benjamin Bloomfield
was soon in readiness to receive his Majesty,
and attended him in a private carriage to the
Castle; and notwithstanding such a very unex-
pected event as the King of Great Britain
arriving in Ireland by a steam-packet, the extra-
ordinary, highly favoured, and honoured event,
soon spread in all directions ; and although the
forms and ceremonies intended to have been ob.
served at the reception of the King were dis-
pensed with in consequence of the demise of the
Queen, the universal joy, as with one voice of all
descriptions cf people, in their expressions of
rejoicing and exultation in every part, and in
every house, we can only say, generally exceeded
all description. In about art hour and a half
afterwards the Marquis of Londonderry wrote a
dispatch to the Earl of Liverpool in London,'
with which he sent off Mr. Salter, one of the
Treasury Messengers, who returned by the
Royal George the Fourth steam-packet, and ar-
rived at Holyhead between three and four o'clock
on Monday morning; andMr". Saitar arrived iu
London yesterday, about half-past four o'clock;
with the joyful news of the safe arrival of the
King.

The work of retrenchment in the public ex-
penditure is proceeding with vigour, acrd is appa-
rently intended to be applied to every depart-
ment in the State. In the Dock-yards, the
workmen are to be restricted to five days' em-
ployment in the week. The saving, in one yard
alone, where this regulation has already been
enforced, is estimated at six hundred pounds per
week. This reduction, not in the numbers of
the workmen, but of the usual duration of their
labours, is certainly one of the least objectionable
modes of effecting a saving which could have
been adopted—securing all the advantage, as
respects economy, which is attainable, with the
least possible injury to the workmen them-
selves, except, porhaps, that it might have been
more judicious and more advantageous to the
parties, to have reduced the time of labour by
two hours daily, instead of throwing the men en-
tirely idle during the whole of every Saturday.
Mr. Marruns, in his Principles of Political Eco-
nomy, expresses his conviction that the working
classes are employed too many hours daily for
their health, their comfort, or their happiness ;
and states his opinion, that a general reduction
tb-'' *lcry-'2-t7itY
not be too -dearly. purchased even by the sa-
crifice of a portion of the wealth and po-
pulousness of the State ! 'The Government, there-
fore, in effecting their present economical ar-
rangements, have a good opportunity of plac-
ing a valuable portion of -daily leisure at the
disposal of large bodies of workmen, without
rendering them, on any one day, entirely idle, a
situation more likely to be injurious than benefi-
cial to them. We make this remark, under the
consideration, that in the present state of the
demand for labour; it is not likely that the work-
men of the Dock-yards will be enabled to find
beneficial employment for themselves, on that
day which is weekly left at their own disposal,
at least not withoutincreasing, the pneral difficulty
and distress of the labouring classes. However, the
mode of retrenchment which has been adopted,such
as it is, is chiefly distinguished for its humanity.
It might have been determined to reduce the wages
of the men one-sixth,—an arrangement which
would have saved the same amount of expendi-
ture, and would have retained; at the same time,
for the country, the full amount of labour and of
its value. This would not only have been cruel
toward the workmen immediately concerned ;
but would have had an injurious effect on the
wages of labour generally,—already depressed
far below that point which is the most advan-
tageous to all elasties of the cbrimunity. Or,
one-sixth of the sverkmen might have been
discharged, and the remainder kept in full em-
ployment ; in which case, the discharged men
must have been thrown, like the soldiers who
are to be disbanded, upon the poors-rates,---a
means of subsistence fatal to the best principles
and feelings of the unfortunate individuals
themselves, and which, by directly increasing
the public burthens in one quarter, while it only
prospectively promises to relieve them in another,
is attended with no one public advantage to
compensate for the sufferings inflicted by it noon
numerous private persons and. families. The
judicious course adopted in -the Dock-yards
is not productive of this unfortunate conse-
ouenee : and it possesses the further advantage
of keeping together, ready for more extended
services, should the circumstances of the country
so require, the whole body of skilful well-trained
.
workmen, a part of which; if discharged, might
be irrecoverably dispersed. With the exception
that it is in our opinion injudicious to throw them
into absolute idleness during a whole day in eazh
week, and that it would be in all respects better
to make a reduction of two hours labour daily,
we cannot sufficiently applaud- the manner in
which :his proceeding has been effected.