The Sun.
London, England, 1845-01-14 00:00:00

Of, JANUARY 14,

negotiation :which his Royal Highness desired to con-
clude with the shortest possible tlehiy. It was likewise
for that reason thdt we suppressed an article fehttive to
the oft'er of the thediation: of France in the differences
which exist hetweeti the Coffrts of the North and the
Emperor of Morocco. We were satisfied with leaving
an opportunity, through the 7th article, for your Eileel-
lency to open negotiations with the Emperor. Your Ex-
cellency appeared to give us an implied authority to that
effect in your dispatch& No. g.
Besides, we received the same morning the original
dispatches (1 and 2) of your Excellency, and in two
different ways. the telegraph dispatch of the 2d of Sep-
tember. We will not terminate this dispatch without
giving fresh testimony of the utility which the important
services rendered us by M. de Martens have constantly
been to us. They have most powerfully contributed to
the result which we now lay before your Excellency.
We desire equally to call your attention to the energy
and zeal which Messrs. Mauboussin and Fleurat have
displayed in the King's service.—Receive, &c.
The Prince de Joinville first appears in the fol-
lowing dispatch addressed to the Minister of Ma-
rine :
THE PRINCE DE JOINVILLE TO ADMIRAL DE MACKAII.
On board the Suffren, Sept. 6, 1844.
Id. le Ministre,—Pacific overtures have been made, in
the name of the Emperor, by Sidi Bousselam, Pacha of
Larache, at present at Tangiers.
In a letter, addressed to M. de Nyon, Sidi Bousselam
announces that he, is authorised to give us satisfaction
on the four points explained in the demands of France.
The Emperor, he says, never ceased to be at peace with
France. Bousselam has, moreover, requested M. Mar-
tino, Consul-General of the Two Sicilies, to convey his
letter to us in person, and he told him verbally to inform
us that if we had any other application to make, he was
empowered to grant what would be just. Ile concludes
by asking that plenipotentiaries be sent to Tangiers, and
giving the assurance that they would be well received.
What faith are we to place in these words ? I cannot
tell ; but, although I do not consider them entitled to
much confidence. I am of opinion, nevertheless, that his
overtures should not be rejected.
The intelligence received for some days since states,
that the truth respecting the events passing on the fron-
tiers, and those of Mogadore, is beginning to be known.
Muley Abderahman is at Fez, amidst a demoralised
population, which dreads to see us arrive in spring, and
entreats the Emperor to conclude the peace. lam posi-
tively informed by every body that such is the real dis-
position of the public mind. We must avail ourselves of
it. We have already obtained a great result. Morocco,
for many years, had not been exposed to attacks from
European Powers ; all the attempts hitherto made
against it had not succeeded. Now it has felt the weight
of the arms of France, the result should not be com-
promised by showing ourselves too exacting. If they
seriously desire peace, we should hasten to conclude it.
It now remains to be known if Bousselam is fully
authorised to treat with us. There lies the greatest diffi-
culty. Ilitherta,he has refused to exhibit his full powers;
perhaps his instructions are merely verbal. The letter
of the Sultan, conferring those powers, may, on the other
hand, say more than he is willing to admit.
I reply to this objection, that the affair of Spain was
concluded without his being required to produce his full
powers. Now, we are in a better position than Spain to
act in an off-hand manner, and overlook any irregularity
in the form.
The most important point, in my mind, as I had the
honour to inform you in my preceding dispatch, is to
bring the affair to a speedy termination, under the im-
pression of the military facts, which gave satisfaction to
public opinion in France, and insured the tranquillity of
Algeria.—Receive, &c.
The next dispatch from the Prince to Admiral de
Mackau will be read with much attention. It affords
the most signal verification that could be desired of
our remarks, on the 2d of September last, upon the
announcement that the island off Mogadore was oc
cupied :

On board the Snffren, Cadiz, Sept. 8, 1844.
Monsieur le Ministre,—l hereby lay before you the
situation of affairs ; and I beg you to have the kindness
to give a prompt solution to the questions proposed in
this letter.
I have had the honour to inform you of the pacific
overtures which were seat usfrem Tangiers, as well as of
the mission confided to M. Warnier.
M. Warnier arrived at Tangiers yesterday morning,
and was received with such honours as were never be-
stowed upon any European. The Caid came on horse-
back to receive him, and all the troops were under arms.
When introduced into the presence of the Yacht', Sidi
Bousselam, be was told by him that the Emperor had
always been a friend to the French ; that he was de-
sirous of peace, and deplored what had passed ; that
everything had been done contrary to his orders. He
was well aware that it was impossible for him to pretend
to contend with France. The Paella added that they
were ready to accede to all our conditions, and that he
entreated that the situation of his master might be taken
into consideration. He had nt,,,t, he said, with but little
obedience before the war ; had found still less since it
had broken out, and was threatened with the loss of all
authority, if it continued.

Bousselam has given by writing, and before witnesses,
an attestation that he is furnished with full powers by the
Emperor to treat with us.

In the face of facts so positive, there is only one line of
conduct to be pursued—to profit by this favourable turn
to make a good treaty. I return to-morrow to Tangiers,
to this intent, with the Inflexible and the Suffren, taking
with me our plenipotentiaries. I shall be joined by the
Gemappes as soon as it shall have completed taking on
board a month's water and four week' provisions. This
latter fact may give you an idea of the material difficul-
ties against which we have to contend.

At Mogadore events have taken place which appear to
have modified our position. You will be able to judge of
this fact by the letter which I have received, and which
I transmit to you. Admitting of some natural exagge-
ration, and of the emotion which may have been felt after
the departure of the squadron, which was rendered
necessary by the want of provisions, it is no less true,
however, and I am now obliged to recognise it, that the
occupation of the island in winter is very difficult with-
out that of the town. In fact, it is very possible that
the authority of the Emperor and his desire to put a stop
to the hostilities may be set at nought, even after the
conclusion of the peace, by the bands of Kabyles which
are the masters of Mogadore and thesountry round. In
this rase nothing can prevent their bringing into the
town either from the interior, or from ,other places
on the coast, fresh cannon ; the batterie of the island
may be able to silence them, and we may be able to go
and spike them ; but they place their batteries in the
sands at a great distance, and if numerous bands come to
their defence, it becomes very difficult to go and destroy
them with only a handful of men. Now, the firing from
these pieces of artillery will render the possession of the
harbour perfectly impossible to the vessels on the sta-
tion. Without the harbour, when the bad season comes
on, it will be impossible for our vessels to remain in the
outer roads ; the naval station of the island will then
become very difficult to keep, and our vesse employed
upon it would be dodbly compromised,—on the one side
by the enemy's fire, on the other, by the nautical diffi-
culties of the position. Besides, although the island
may be impregnable to any, forcible attack of the Arabs,
if they establish themselves in the town with mortar
batteries, as the island has no casemates, it will become

a most painful and difficult position for 'our garrison to

remain in.

If I were only to listen to my own feelings, as soon as
the peace was signed, I would evacuate everything, for
in the occupation of the island I only see a source of
perpetual difficulties. But, as it may be possible that
the Government may attach a great importance to this
position, I will still keep it until we receive fresh orders
from you, unless, when upon the spot, I may consider
. .

the difficulties still greater than I now imagine ; and
then we may be obliged to take the town and occupy it.
The occupation will not be an easy task, as we shall
only find brackish water to drink, the aqueduct being
destroyed ; we shall have, after all, only 1,600 men to
take it and keep it, and the getting provisions for its
maintenance will be a matter of the greatest difficulty.
But that appears to me to be the only means of assuring
us the quiet possession of the harbour, "iand, conse-
quently, the naval station at the island.
The plenipotentiaries having ;begged me to come with
them to Tangiers,-.1 have been obliged to give up my in-
tention of going immediately to occupy the town. I
have confined myself then to sending the Belle Poule and
the Triton, in order, if it be necessary, to reinforce the
moral force of the garrison. As soon as the foundations
of the treaty shall be laid, I shall go thither myself with
the steam boaio, taking all the companies intended to
be disembarked f fOna the vessels. I cannot take Ns ith

me the vessels themselves, on account of the want of
provisions, and the commencement of the bad season.
I will thin see what is to be done. But what I parti-
cularly request you to answer me is relative to this point
—When once the treaty is concluded, are we to keep the
island ?

If it be considered desirable that :it should be kept
during the bad season, it will be necessary to make all
haste to occupy the town. In that case send me 1,500
men on board steamers, and send me also provisions,
cannon, and ammunition, to defend the town, which will
probably be attacked every day.
Or, is it to be evacuated ?
I must again repeat it, that before your answer arrives
we may, perhaps, be forced to take and occupy the town
of Souetah, with the feeble means in my power, or to
evacuate everything. But in any case, you must see of
what importance it is to answer me immediately.
P.S. September 9.—The more I reflect upon the diffi-
culties of our establishment at Mogadore, and the dis-

agreeable consequences that may result to our policy at
the moment we areyeating for a peace by the occupation
of the town, the more I 'am of opinion that we ought to

profit by the conclusion of this peace to evacuate -very-
thi, g. It would be much easier for us to retake it in the
spring, than to keep it new.
All that being well considered, it is probable that if
we make a favourable peace, I shall give orders for the
immediate evacuation of the island.

The following dispatch from the Prince de Join-
ville to Admiral de Mackau narrates the circumstances

under which peace was concluded :
On board the SUffren, Tangiers, Sept. 10, 1844.
Monsieur le Ministre,—l have given you an account
of the demand of peace made to us at Cadiz by Sidi
Bousselam, having full powers from the Emperor of
Morocco. I proceeded to Tangiers with two ships and
four steamers, and cast anchor there this morning. Ge
neral Ben Abou, Caid of the town of Tangiers, immedi-
ately came on board my ship and declared to nie that
the Emperor's intention was to make peace and to ac-

cept our terms.
The project of treaty, very explicit and drawn up
on the bases pointed out by the King's Government,
had been prepared by the Plenipotentiaries, and trans-
lated into Arabic with oare, and aas taken on shore by
Mr. Warnier, with this notice, that to obtain peace,
the treaty must be signed in the course of the day
without the alteration of a single word ; that, were