The Sun.
London, England, 1845-10-02 00:00:00

THE Sp N, LONDON, THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 2, 1845.

Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols. post Bvo.,
THE LADY of MILAN;
er, Fidelity unto Death.

Edited by 3lrs. THOMSON.
Author of " Ragland Castle," " The Chevalier," &c.
Richard Bentley, Nev. Burlington-street.

3100 RE'S MELODIES, ILLUSTRATED BY MACLISE.
At the end of October will be published
31°ORE'S IRISH MELODIES. Illustrated
by D. 3IACLISE, R.I. In 1 vol. imp. Bvo., with 160 De-
signs engraved on Steel, 3/. 35.; or Proof Impressions, 6/. 6s.
*0 The above may be had, bound in morocco, by Hayday, price
4/. 14s. 6d.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman.

NEW WORK ILLUSTRATED BY THE ETCHING CLUB.
On IVednesday, Oct. 15, will be published, square crown Bvo., uniform
with " Thomson's Seasons," 215., or 365. bound in morocco, by
Heyday,
G 0 LDS MITIP S POETICAL WORKS.
Edited by BOLTON CORNEY. With Engravings on Wood,
itom Designs by the Members of the Etching Club.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
Of whom may be had, uniform with the above in size and price,
THOMSON'S SEASONS.

NEW WORK ON HORSES, SPORTING, &c.
On Saturday, October 11, will be published, 1 vol. Bvo.,
STABLE TALK and TABLE TALK;
Spectacles for Young Sportsmen. By HARRY IHEOVER,
London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longman.

ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDE I'S.
LAST NIGHT OF TIIE SEASON.
THIS EVENING
Will be presented a Magnificent
MODELLED REPRESENTATION OF EDINBURGH,
The Unequalled Menagerie—Giraffe and Chimpanzee.
THE MAGNIFICEN I' MODEL OF VENICE,
THE PROMENADE CONCERTS,
By the unrivalled Band ofthe Establishment, concktcted by Mr. Godfrey,
At Dusk will take place the most extraordinary
EXHIBITION OF FIREWORKS EVER ATTEMPTED,
Introducing a Representation of the COMET, which takes its 2Erial
Flight from the extreme height of the Gigantic Model;
And, as a Finale, it Grand, Royal, and Patriotic
AQUATIC TABLEAU,
Fifty-two feet in height. will be exhibited in the Centre of the Lake ;
The PORTRAITS of HER MAJESTY and PRINCE ALBERT,
Surmounted by Fame, and surrounded by Emblems and
Other Devices will be introduced.
This, combined with the Feux D'Artiflce, the Salute andDischlrge o
Rockets from the Castle and surrounding Heights will form the most
BRILLIANT PYROTECHNIC DISPLAY EVER WITNESSED.
Admission, One Shilling.
Feeding the Carnivora at Half past Four; Pelicans, &c., at Five
Concert at Half-past Five ; and Pyrotechnic Display at Eight.

THE WEATHER.—Sus OFFICE, OCT. 1.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 40; Highest, 56; Noon, 55
BAROMETER, 29.77. WIND W.; fine weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON-ERIDGE THIS DAY.
Morning .. 9 minutes after 2 I Evening 28 minutes after 2

Madrid journals of the 23d September have been re-
ceived. Several of them are occupied chiefly with at-
tacks on the Ministry, and especially on the Finance
Minister, for his contract with the Bank of San Fer-
nando, which the Herald° described as ruinous to the
State. These attacks, however, fall harmless on Senot
Morr. Ile is evidently a man of some energy, and his
perseverance in enforcing the new tax deserves great
praise. No people pay taxes with such a bad grace, or
so unequally, as Spaniards, and it is therefore natural
that great opposition should be made to a plan which
will allow none to escape from their fair share of the
burdens. One of these journals states that the two car-
riages supposed to be presents from the Queen of ENG-
LAND to the Queen of SPAIN, belonged to Mr. BIILWER,
the British Ambassador at Madrid. The following in-
telligence appears in the Barcelona journals:---" The
Mediterranean squadron, under the command of Ad-
miral PARSEVAL DESCLIENES, composed of the Ocean of
120, Jemmapes of 100, Inflexible of 90, Diademe of 82.
Alger of 78, Marengo of 78, Triton of 78, and the
steam-frigate Descartes, arrived on the 15th at Palma,
in the Island of Majorca. At the moment the Diademe
brought up in the roadstead, her main top-mast, which
was found to be rotten, came down, and in its fall killed
three sailors.

No business was done on the Madrid Bourse on the
23d. Exchange on London, 37j.

Some of the Paris journals, for want of a better subject,
continue their comments on the Madagascar affair. Those
of the Opposition seem to fear that by the union of the French
and British forces in the attack on Tamatave, the claims of
the French to the sovereignty of the island may be endan-
gered, and they recommend, therefore, that a powerful expe-
dition should be sent out without delay to assert their rights
and punish the QUEEN. "It is the more necessary," says the
National, " for the Ministry to come to a decision promptly
and resolutely, as the question threatens to become much
complicated. We have said that the English acted in con-
cert with us. This fact, which has excited the honourable
susceptibilities of the press, appears to us—and we cannot be
suspected of partiality in favour of England—perfectly natu-
ral. It was reasonable that a British officer should seek
to protect the subjects of his nation, and to punish
their oppressors; that is a right which we should exer-
cise to-morrow, if Frenchmen, inhabiting a country in
the condition of Madagascar, should call the French navy
to their aid, and we would not admit a plea of the right
of property on the part of England to prevent us from
defending our fellow-countrymen. It is, however, not to be
denied that this intervention, on the part of Great Britain,
imposes upon us the necessity of extreme activity in the
measures of impression to be inflicted upon the Hovas. We
must not allow England, under the pretext that her flag has
been insulted at the same time as our own, to get before-
hand, and assume the part which belongs exclusively to
France. In a word, we must not allow England to assume a

sovereignty over a land which we maintain to be our own;
and the best means of preventing this usurpation is, on the
one hand, to declare to the English Cabinet, that the co-ope-
ration of the English navy at Tamatave was accepted only
with reservation and as a friendly act, involving no conse-
quence of a nature to compromise our official position, and
on the other hand, to send to Madagascar a large force to
inspire upon the Hovas the respect which our flag is entitled
to. The expedition which we recommend would besides have
the effect of proving and reviving our too long forgotten
rights over the islard of Madagascar. We must not content
ourselves with a sterile vengeance for our defeat; we must re-
establish our fellow-subjects who have been expelled, by
placing them under sufficient protection, and then the blood
of our troops will not have been shed in vain for their
country."

The Siecle makes these remarks on the same subject :
" The Ministry is at length convinced of the necessity of
sending a formidable expedition against Tamatave. The
behaviour of the natives since the attack conducted by M.
ROMAIN DESFOSSES has been such as to admit of no hesita-
tion The sovereignty of France has been denied andm
suited. We have at the same time to avenge our dignity
and to enforce the execution of treaties. The sovereignty of
France over Tamatave cannot be contested, even were our
_ _

claim to the whole island of Madagascar called in question."
The Moniteur publishes returns of the Customs' duties for
the month of August last, which amounted to 12,413,503 f.,
being 1,866,959 f. less than during the same month last year•
The amount of custom for the eight months ens:lipping. 31,

enemy—the most culpable rashness, and the most inexcusa-
ble vain confidence ;
.then, a decided and successful
attempt to remedy that blunder by no extraordi-
nary inspiration of genius, but by doing the one only
thing which a soldier of common sense could do on this
occasion." While these doctors disagree so widely we will
not attempt to settle the difference. The military character of
NAPOLEON is placed far above the reach of minute criticism ;
he accomplished with raw troops wonders in Italy, which in
some respects outshone even the deeds of HANNIBAL; he
raised the French army to the highest pitch of military
glory, and was crushed at last, though not without a giant's
struggle, by the united forces of Europe. To say, however,
that he was great only as a soldier, is contrary to facts,
about which there can be no dispute whatever. His admirable
civil administration after France had been broken up by the
madness of countless parties in the great revolution, and more
especially his civic labours during the peace of Amiens, en-
title him to the very highest rank as a statesman and a legis-
lator. The new Code of Laws wa.s almost entirely his work
—he superintended the investigations of the Commissioners
discussed with them the most abstruse and intricate points of
law with a readiness and ability which struck some of the
veteran Solons with more wonder than even his great victo-
ries; lie settled the commotions in Ls Vendee, reconciled the
great majority of the royalists to his Government, employed
many of them in the army and in civil offices—in
fact, rendered France more united than she
had ever been under any, even the best of her legitimate
Sovereigns. These, independent of other grand measures of
reform, do more honour to NAPOLEON, and place him on a
higher pinnacle of fame than all his splendid victories. He
conmitted great faults, but he was a mortal, and therefore
liable, like the greatest of mankind, to the errors, and foibles,
and prejudices, as well as crimes common to humanity.

It was, if we mistake not, one of the charges brought against
Mr. O'CoNNELL, in the monster indictment, that he had en-
deavoured to excite the hatred of the people against the law,
and bring the administration of justice into contempt.
Now, if these be offences, then do we commend the justices
of Rocbe=ter, and Sir JOHN MARarALL, Knt., K.C.H..
of Gillingham, and all the other parties concerned
in the prosecution of JAMES MELLUM, at Rochester, on the 29 t I
ult., to the kind and considerate attention of her MAJESTY'S At-
torney-General. It would appear that on the morning of thai
day, a little boy, named JAMES MELLUM, was placed in the
felons' dock of the County Court, at Rocheste.r, before
W. M. SMITH, Esq., Chairman, and four other jus-
tices. NOw, what does the reader imagine to have
been the crime, the commission of which had brought
this precocious specimen of juvenile depravity into the felon'
s
dock of the County Court of Rochester. He was charged
with having knocked down some walnuts from a tree.
the property of Sir JoHN MARSHALL, Knt., K.C.H.. at Gilling-
ham. The fruit was valued at sixpence. The little boy pleaded
guilty. Now; there is something excessively rich in the idea
of five full-grown justices being assembled, in all
the dignity of robes and fur, to investigate
concerning the fate of sixpenny-worth of walnuts,
the property of Captain Sir JOAN MARSHALL, K.C.H
" whose only object," as the Chairman observed, " in bring-
ing the prisoner before the Court was to protect his orchard
and his fruit, which he has a right to do." True all this "much
ado about nothing" has a tendency to bring the administra-
tion of justice into contempt ; but up to this period
the whole affair has been so richly ridiculous,
has been such a perfect burlesque, that it is impossible to do
otherwise than treat it as an excellent joke. But now comes
the more serious part of this case. The little boy bad pleaded
guilty, and the CHAIRMAN observed that he should
inflict a penalty on him for stealing those walnuts ;
rnd the magistrates, therefore, adjudged the prisoner to pay
the penalty of Is. 6d., the value of the walnuts, together with
the costs, 13s. 6d.—making a total of 15s. The mother of
the boy, on hearing this decision, burst into tears, and said she
could not pay that sum, she having a large family of children,
and nothing to support them except what she worked hard for
as a laundress, and 6s. per week she received from her
husband, who is a marine artilleryman. The Chairman
said that, as she could not pay the money, he must corn.
mit the boy to the common gaol for fourteen days.
Does the Chairman know what is the meaning of committing
the boy for fourteen days ? Does Sir JoRN MARSHALL, who
was present the whole time, and who does not appear to have
interfered at all to get the ,sentence mitigated doe;
Sir JOHN MARSHALL know the meaning of those words ?
They mean that the boy is to be ruined here and hereafter
that he is to be destroyed, body and soul—that he is to be
for ever deprived of that by which alone lie can ever earn an
honest livelihood—character; that he is to be cast
loose upon society a tainted, corrupt, immoral, gaol-bird, from
whose touch every honest man will shrink with loathing
that he shall be forced to adopt crime as his
calling, to sustain a miserable existence, to be
ended at last amidst the horrors of a penal colony,
or perchance on the scaffold. These must be the inevitable
consequences of exposing a boy to the contaminating influ-
ences of a prison. Is Sir J. MARSHALL prepared to inflict such
a punishment for such a mere piece of boyish mischief?
Has he never, when a schoolboy, himself been engaged
in robbing an orchard ? Have none of the magis-
trates who sentenced this boy been equally guilty ?
They need not be ashamed to avow it. Wiser
and better men than they have done such
things and have not been ashamed to confess it,
JAMES MELLAM can quote high authority in extenua-
tion of his offence, for Lord ELDON has recorded
of himself that in his schoolboy days there was
no freak in which he took such delight as in robbing an
orchard. The Chairman eventually gave the mother a month
to pay the money in, declaring that if the money was not
then paid the boy must go to gaol. Let us hope that
some charitable person will, in the interval, pay the money,
and save the boy from the utter destruction with which he is
threatened. But whether the money be paid or not, there
can be no doubt but that proceedings such as these are emi-
nently calculated to excite the hatred of the people against
the law, and to bring the administration of justice into
contempt.

1845, was 101,203,157 f. (4,000,0001.), showing a slight
increase, as compared with the previous year. Thus,
reckoning the other four months of the year at the same
rate, the total amount of Customs for: 1845 would
be about 6,000,0001., or less than one third of the Customs
duty in this country. The KING on Friday left the Chateau
at Eu in his carriage, at three o'clock, attended by the Minis-
ters of Justice and Commerce, Generals JACQUEMINOT, GOUR-
GAUD, and HOUDETOT, the Marquis DE STRADA, and M. DE
BRAHAUT, orderly officers, and took a drive, visiting Treport
in his way, and returning to the Château at six. In the even-
ing the Minister of the Marine left for Paris. On Saturday, at
three o'clock, after the ceremony of the baptism of the young
Prince of SAXE COBURG GOTHA, in the Chapel of the
Château, at which the Royal Family were present, the KING
accompanied by General GOURGAUD and his orderly officers,
took an airing in his carriage, and returned to the Château at
six. The Prince and Princese of SALInNo left Eu for Paris
on Saturday.

We subjoin miscellaneous extracts from the Continental
papers :

" A letter from Athens of the 13th gives an account of the ar.
rival of the Duke de Montpensifr in that city on the preceiing
day. The Prince was received with the usual marks of distinction,
and in the evening the King gave a grand banquet in honour of
his visit. The same letter states that accounts had been received
of an attack by 200 rebels on the fortress of Co:on, in the Maina.
The assailants were, however, repulsed.
"' After a cruel captivity of five years,' says the Mode, 'the
King and Queen of Spain, recovering a liberty of which they had
been unjustly deprived, have at last been permitted to choose the
place of their exile. The Queen will meet at Rome her brother
King Don Miguel, another victim of revolutions ; at Naples her
son, the noble Infant Don Sebastian, who so valiantly fought for the
cause of Spanish legitimacy. The King will find at Genoa the two
Infants, his sons, with whom he parted 12 years ago, to join the
royal army in Spain.'
A Berne letter of Sept. 25, says:—' The President of the
Communist Club of Berne, who was a simple workman at one of
the printing-offices, has just been arrested. The club was imme-
diately closed. A formidable coalition of workmen has been
formed at Soleure. The artisans at Argau are drawing up a peti-
tion against the liberty of manufactures, and against the introduz.
tion of foreign manufactured produce.'
" The Empress of Russia left Berlin on the 233 by the Anhalt
railroad. Early in the morning guards were stationed to prevent
the court-yard of the station and the approaches from being en-
cumbered by the crowd, and none but personages of high distinc-
tion were admitted. At 7 o'clock her Imperial Majesty arrived at
the station, accompanied by the King of Prussia and the Princes,
the Grand Duchess Dowager of Mecklenburg.Schwerin, Princess
Frederick of the Netherlands. the Duchess of Dessau, with her
children, and the Duke of Anhalt-Cothen. In a few minutes the
train started with the Empress, accompanied by the King and
Princes, who went with her as far as Cothen, and then returned to
Berlin, where they arrived at four in the afternoon. The King
of the Netherlands and the Duke of Cambridge were expected at
Berlin, where apartments had been prepared for them, and also at
Potsdam.

" We learn from Posen that, on the 21st, the members of the
new German Catholic Church in that city celebrated divine wor-
ship publicly for the first time according to their tenets. A dis-
turbance had been expected, but everything passed off quietly.
" The Government of Electoral Hesse has strictly forbidden the
congregation in places of public worship of the members of the new
German Catholic Church, and declared that persons of that sect
must restrict themselves to religious worship In their own houses.
It appears, however, that in Wurtemberg and in Prussia there is
a greater spirit of toleration.
" The Constantinople State Gazette publishes the text of the two
hatti.scheriffs addressed by the Sultan to the Grand Vizier, notify-
ing the dismissal of Riza Pacha and Saofete Pacha. They are
very brief, and make no mention of the causes which have led to
the disgrace of these functionaries. The Sultan states simply that
it had become necessary to deprive them of their offices. The two
ex-Ministers live isolated in their houses on the Bosphorus; but
Riza is treated with more Indulgence than his Itte colleague. He
is permitted to go to the mosque, and to take exercise in the coun-
try, while Saofete Pacha is closely confined to his house."
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on Mon-
lay at 83f. 40c. ; the New Loan at 83f. 50c. ; the Five per
Cents., 117 f. 65c ; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,227 f. 50c. ;
Rouen, 1,056 f. 25c. ; Havre, 872 f. 50c. ; Avignon, 1,012 f. 50c. ;
Vierzon, 755 f. ;_Northern, 782 f. ; Bordeaux, 687 f. 50c. ; Bou-
logne, 6301. ; Troyes and Idontereau, 520 f. ; Basle, 280 E ;
Belgian Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 58k.
The following are the quotations for the new lines:-
Paris and Lyons Railroad (Latritte), 27f. 50e. premium;
litto (Calon), Bf. 50c. ; ditto (Ganernon), 12E 50c. ; ditto
(Lapinsonniere), sf. 50c. ; Northern Line (Laffitte), 72f. ;
litto (Rosamel), 37f. ; ditto (Pepin Lehalleur), 28E; ditto
(Decan Lebeuf), 28f. ; Paris and Strasburg (Ganneron), 151. ;
ditto (Hinguerlot), 14E ; ditto (Bechet), sf. 50c. ; ditto
(Isot), 10f. 50c. ; Tours and Nantes (Mackenzie), 10f. ;
ditto (Drouillard), 3f ; ditto (O'Neill), 12f.; ditto (Lefevre),
71.; Lyons and Avignon (Talabot), 31f. 25c. ; ditto (Le-
cointe), 22E 50c. ; ditto (Compagnie Meridionate), 10f. 50c. ;
Bordeaux and Cette (Mackenzie), 4f. 50c. ; ditto (Espeleta),
14f. ; Creil and St. Quentin (Kysaens), If. 50c. ; ditto (Ca-
rette), Bf. 50c. ; ditto (Colbert), 2f. ; Charleroi (Kysaens),
38f. 50c.; Maubeuge (Kysaens), par; Dijon and Mulhausen
(O'Neill), lf. 50c.; ditto (Allegri), if. 50c.; Dieppe (Sel-
lieres), 40f. ; Caen (Delamarre), 61: 50c. ; Fampoux, 15f. 50c.
LYONS, SEPT. 26.-Marseilles and Avignon, 1,0151., end
of September; Paris and Orleans, 1,231 f., ditto; Paris and
Rouen, 1,060 f. ditto ; Orleans and Vierzon, 748 f. ditto. 1

LiUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 30.
. . __ . .

Anglo-Belgian
i3oulogne and Amiens 127,4
Bordeaux &Mediterran

Bordeaux and Toulouse

Do. & Cette (Espeleta)
Do. ( Mackerzie's) ..

Luxembourg
Namur and Liege
Orleans and Vierzon

Central of Spain ..
Demerara
Oendre Valley ......
Dutch Rhenish
Dieppe & Paris Junct —
Dijon and Mulhouse
East Indian
Grt Northern of France
(Lathtte's)
Ditto (Rosamel's)
Do. (Le Boeuf)
Do. Pepin le Halleur —
Great Paris and Lyons —
Great Western Bengal
Jamaica Junction
Do. North North Midland —
Do. Extension
Jersey
,ouvain and Jemeppe —
~yons and Avignon —

lOrleans and Bordeaux 131/2

Over Yssel
Paris & Lyons (Lafitts)

Ditto (Gamieron's).
Ditto (Calon's)....
Paris and 0r1ean5......-
I).s and Rouen . 42
Paris and Strasburg
(Ganneron's) ......
Do. (Compte de L'Est) 2%
Paris and St. Quentin.
Rouen and Havre......
Royal North of Spain. 2%
Sambre and Meuse .... 814
Strasbourg and Basle .
Tournay,Jurbise, Lan-
dent, and Hasselt...
Tours and Nantes
(Mackenzie's)
Do. ( Lefebvre's)
Verona and Ancona —
West Flanders 734

BUENOS AYRES.

The folllowing is an extract of a letter just received by the
brig Baronet, Capt. Scotland, arrived off Falmouth on Mon-
day, from Buenos Ayres, and dated July 12, 1845 :
"We regret to say that no progress has been made
towards a settlement of the question relative to the war on
the other side of the river. It is understood that the Go-
vernment of Buenos Ayres will not enter into any arrange-
ment for that purpose unless in its own way, and by no
means in the way England and France wish. It is also
pretty generally believed that measures will be taken to
force the Government into their views; but the effect of such
measures cannot be speedy (still less decisive) for a long
,ime, unless some forces be brought to bear which do
not at present exist in the field of action ; naval
forces alone cm only act by blockading and cutting
off communications. to proceed in that way only might
require years to obtain the desired end. In the meantime
British and French persons and property will be in great
danger, and commerce stopped altogether. When Sir Robert
Peel said, on the 4th and sth of April last, in the House, that
there would soon be six vessels of war in this river, ' a force
fully equal for the protection of British persons and pro-
perty,' he said what he did not understand, and it only shows
what gross ignorance exists in high places relative to these
countries.

" How are vessels or their crews to protect persons or pro-
perty even in this city, much less in the open country at least
100 or 200 miles from the:coast, surrounded' by natives ? How
can merchants embark their goods or effects with an opposing
force on shore?

" There are now at least seven or eight vessels of war—
British, in the river, viz. :—Eagle and Curacoa, frigates;
Firebrand and Gorgon, steamers; Collins, sloop; Racer,
Acorn, and Satellite, brigs."

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