The Sun.
London, England, 1828-03-27 00:00:00

SIXTH ARTICLE OF THE BRAZILIAN TREATY.

" All merchandise whatever, without distinction
of origin, imported from the ports of Lubeck, Bre-
men, or Hamburgh, into Brazil, or from Brazil, into
these ports, in Hanseatic vessels, or in vessels be-
longing to a nation favoured in Brazil in her direct
commerce, shall pay in Brazil the duties of import
and export, and the duties of every kind only, ac-
cording to the rates levied on the direct and national
trade of the most favoured nation,—rates which by
other treaties are for the present fixed at 15 per
cent., instead of 21 per cent., on all merchandise
imported for consumption. The Hanseatic Repub-
lics not having put any restriction on the indirect
commerce of the Brazils, and the Brazilian Govern-
ment not being able, in the present state of her com-
mercial relations, to grant to the indirect commerce
of these Republics the same latitude and a perfect
reciprocity, it is agreed, that the said indirect com-
merce shall in the mean time be restricted, and shall
only extend to nation :3 whose direct commerce is, or
hall be,favoured in the Brazilian ports by particular
treaties.

" Merchandise exported in Hanseatic vessels from
the ports of the said favoured nations to Brazil shall
pay there the same duties of export and import, or
any other duties whatsoever, which the Hanseatic
~,essels pay in their direct trade; such merchandise
being always subjected to the usual formalities as if
i►nported by favoured nations in their direct trade."
—lbid.

In the Number of The Quarterly Review
just published, there is a very able article on the
Police of this Country. The subject is now of
paramount interest, from the rap growth of
crime of late years, and the intoler fie oppression
now suffered by the people, from the inability of
the Institutions of the country to afford them
protection. We have certainly, as Mr. Peel
observed, " outgrown our Institutions ;" and the
4ime is not far distant when the very extent of
the evil must force a remedy. All the arguments
urged by Mr. Sugden against an improvement of
the Law of the Country may with equal pro-
priety be urged against any improvement in our
System of Police. " The Law as it now
stands," quoth Mr. Sugden, in his Letter to Mr.
Humphreys, " is the production of many ages.;
all the learned Lawyers of the successive periods
have directed their attention to its improvement,
and application to the exigencies of the times '
:in which they lived ; and establish what code you
may, time alone can fix its meaning and re-
putation, and impress those who live under it
with that veneration and respect, without which
no law can effectually answer the purposes of a
wise Legislator. But where is the man whose
bold aspiring can lead him to believe that he can
at a blow destroy the wisdom and experience of
ages, and furnish a better system in its place
Von cannot build a house, without quickly dis-
covering many wants which time and inhabitancy
alone can point out, and enable you to supply."
Ergo, a new house will always be found more
inconvenient to its occupant than an old one :
ergo, old towns must always abound more with
conveniences than new towns. 'Well, our Po-
'lice, as it stands, is equally " the production of
many ages ; all the Legislators of the successive
periods have directed their attention to its im-
provement and application to the exigencies of
the times in which they lived ;" and the work-
ing of Law and Police is also pretty much alike.
The property of suitors in the Court of Chan-
cery has, within the last reign, risen from
4,700,000/. to 33,000,000/. ; and the number
of crimes has increased at nearly the same rate,
and we have by far the richest lawyers and the
richest thieves of any nation in Europe. To
them the system is the most convenient possible.
But we must confine ourselves to the Police.

In the state in, which it existed among our an-.

cestors, it would seem to have been well adapted
to its purposes. We wish to found on it no nn-
Feaehment of their wisdom; we merely protest
against their wisdom being received as a justifica-
tion ()Cale folly of their successors in not displaying
the same sagacity in providing for their own wants.
The Reviewer discovers in the constitution of
Justices of Peace, notwithstanding the precau-
tions taken at first to guard the Institution against
abuse, an inherent tendency to settle in time into
that barbarous. substitute for !domestic juris-
prudence which we now possess. Having
noticed in an account of the provisions of our
ancestors for Police, the Wardens, or Con-
servators of the Peace chosen by the people at
the County Court," whose special duty it was
to watch over the general security-----an office

.similar to that of the Assertores Pads of some
of the ancient German tribes, the Reviewer pro=
seeds to observe, that--" early, however, in the
reign of Edward 111. their title was changed to
that of Justices of the Peace, their power greatly
enlarged, and nomination transferred from the
Commons to the Crown. By a Statute passed
in the thirty-fourth year of that reign, declaring
the authority to be given these new functionaries,
the power which had previously existed at coin-
mon Law of taking surety of suspected persons,
and those of evil faine, .was distinctly recog-
nised

In givitig this, and much additional power to the
justices, no little care and fore-thought were em-
ployed to guard against the mischief that .2,tithap-
pity but too soon occurred from its falling into
ihe hands of unzvorthy and incompetent persons.
The Legislature foresaw, that if ever such men
took part in the administration of these laws,
they would either pervert them to their own cor-
rupt purposes, or, through remissness and igno-
rance, suffer them to fall into .desuetude. It,

therefore, by several successive statutes expressly
ordainet; that the Justices of Peace should be
- 6 bons gent: et loialx, moult suffisant et vailantz,'
&c.; and accoding to the Act above mention--
cd, ' one Lord w,z,s to be assigned for the safe- '
guard of the peace in every county, and with him
three or four of the most worthy of the county,
together with. others learned in the laws.' Ho-
hushed, in his Chronicles, thus speaks of the
administration of justice in the interior of the
country :—There are diverse also of the best
learned in the law, beside sundrie Gentlemen
(where the number of Lawiers will not suffice),
Prince
appointed by special Commission of the
to look into the good government of his sub-
jects, in tha counties where they dwell ; and of
these the least skilful in the law are of the Peace ;
the other- of the Quorum, otherwise called Oier
et Determiner ; so that they have authority only
to hear, the others to hear and determine, such
matters as are brought into their presence.'
Such (says the Reviewer) was the deplorable
state of the Police of England, as early even as the
close of the sixteenth century, that in 1586 we
find a Magistrate of the county of Somerset
thinking it his bounden duty' to submit its

.insufficiency to • the grave consideration of
;the Lord Treasurer. Any one who
.reads
his letter, might suppose it to be a representa-
tion, and not a very unfaithful one, of what is
passing at the present hour
For upwards of two centuries has the police con-
tinued nearly in the same deteriorated and im-
becile condition, with scarcely a single effort on
the part of the Legislature either to revise and
adapt old Institutions, or devise new ones, more,
perhaps, in unison with the present state of so-
ciety ; and this, although every neighbouring
'country around us has its ameliorated code of
police and criminal procedure. Statute, it is
'true, has been heaped upon Statute ; but each
passed on the spur of the occasion, without re-
gard to principle or system. And thus the laws
which constitute our domestic jurisprudence have
no better pretension to arrangement than the in-
dex of an Army List—an alphabetical one. If
Police was at any time their object, it was ra-
ther that of parks and poachers, than the pro-
tection of persons ; not so much to keep down
felons, as to keep up pheasants ; and that it
might, not lose its character for consistency,
in being always most defective when and
where most wanted, the metropolitan county
came to be distinguished above all the
rest for the incompetency and venality of its
Justices. So early as the reign of James I.
they obtained the appellation of the Basket
Justices,' and were characterised as men pri-
vileged to domineer in their parishes, and to
do their neighbour wrong with more right.' To-
wards the close of the last century, to such a
height had their corruption attained, that they
boldly ventured to open shops for the sale of
justice, or rather injustice ; and it was to sup-
press this iniquitous traffic—this handy-dandy
play of which the justice, which the thief—that
the first Police Bill was introduced into Parlia-
ment." Before proceeding to notice the obser-
vations of the Reviewer on the inadequacy of
the measure then enacted for the wants of the
Metropolis, we must observe, that from the low
state of the knowledge of Jurisprudence and
Police possessed both by Legislators and People
at the period in question, a better measure was
not to have been expected, and, if proposed,
would not have been successful. It must al-
ways be borne in mind, that the members of the
Legislature are of a class, in which the origina-
tion of liberal and enlightened views on
any subject is not to be expected. They
are rich men, and naturally, therefore, dis-
posed to pleasure, rather than inquiry
and reflection ; and it is much if thirty or
forty years after the development of any system,
it has found an entrance into the heads of Mem-
bers of either House of Parliament. The prin-
ciples of Smith had been discussed for thirty
years in every country Of Europe, before they
found their way into the discussions of the
House of Commons ; and Romilly vainly at-
tempted, year after year, to impress on the col-
lective wisdom a few of the more obvious of the
doctrines respecting Penal Jurisprudence, that
had been promulgated by Bentham an age before
and which are now universally admitted. Par-
liament is a very opaque body, and rays of light
can with very great difficulty penetrate it. It is
a great clog to the intellect of the nation. Still
however, it must follow in the train of improve-
ment ; and it is but justice to add, that of late
years the character of the Commons has been
greatly improved, by the introduction of several
men of active and inquiring minds, through the
instrumentality of whom we would fain anticipate
better things for the country. So far from being
prepared for a suitable Police Bill thirty years
ago, when we first ventured seven or
eight years ago to doubt whether the
Great Unpaid were really the glory of the coun-
try, and whether they had been of such service as
they themselves imagined ; the doctrine was
viewed in the light of a heresy, deserving little
less than the stake. But to proceed with the
Reviewer, " It must ever (he says) be a subject
of regret, that so fair an occasion should have
been lost for infusing into the Magistracy a little
of its ancient vigour, purity, and spirit ; and of
at once organizing a system of police, that might
have done honour to the country. Instead,
however, of the measure (which in its operation
is confined to the Metropolis and its vicinity)
being framed on liberal and enlightened princi-
ples, every step of its progress was marked by
jealousy, an absence of all information on the
subject, and the most narrow policy. The
persons to fill the important office of Police
Magistrates under this Bill, were to be selected
not from amongst the moultz vailantz et
sniff cant or les cogs de la ley, but taken
from a degenerate Magistracy, disenfranchised
and salaried just enough to procure them
the distinguishing epithet of the paid ;' then
being fixed hi obscure retreat in different
parts of the town, and encircled each of them by
half a dozen petty constables, they were left to
controul a population of a million of people, and
this was called Police ! The Bill has been re
newed at different times with but few and unim
portant alterations. A motion for a Committee
of the House of Commons is, whilst we are
writing, '‘ announced, to inquire into the state of
the Police of the Metropolis and its vicinity."
We regret it dues not take e wider range, and
embrace the country at line, which is still more
destitute of adequate protection than the Metro-
polis." These are bold positions for the place
in which they appear. In the main we agree with
the Reviewer, and we hail the promulgation of
his doctrines in Time Quarterly as a favourable
sign of the times. The domestic jurisprudence
Of the country must not continue to be adminis-
tered at hazard, Men of skill and energy must
be drawn into die public service by the usual
motives, and due pains be taken to ensure the
display of diligence and judgment. There should
be a chain of responsibility throughout the iystem
from the lowest to the highest. But Dagon
Must first be hewn down.—Morning Chronicle.
Mr, Wilmot Horton has not been used by the
iVlinisters of the House of Commons with the
courtesy to which his talents And his labours en-
title him. There may be very substantial ob-
jections to the plans of Emigration which he
has propounded, but how is their value to be
ascertained without discussing them ? And
what is to be said of those who content them-
selves with remaining absent from the House
when a scheme which ostensibly involves the di-
rect comfort of thousands, and indirectly the
comfort of millions, is expected to be brought
forward? If it be bad, why not quash it at
once ? If it be defective, why not endeavour to
mend it ? Again, Mr. Horton ought not
to be discouraged because his audience is back-
ward or indifferent. Let him introduce his Bills.
If they are negatived, he has done his duty ; if
they pass, he has gained his point. One lesson
Mr. Horton's want of success hitherto most im-
peratively presses on the House, to be cautious
how in future it gives way to motions for Com-
missions of Inquiry, of whose labours it is de-

terrnined never to avail itself. If Members had
behaved when Mr. Horton first raised the ques-
tion of Emigration as they have done of late, the
people of this country, whom it is his avowed
object to advantage, might at least have been
spared the expence of the means by which he
has wished to advantage them.—New Times.
We are glad that Mr. Wilmot Horton is so
much out of heart with respect to that Emigra-
tion Bill of his, the Bill to enable Select Yes-.
tries to borrow money in every parish in Eng-
land, and to mortgage the parish taxes as a secu-
rity for the interest. If Mr. Horton would bring
in a Bill to enable Select Vestries to tax parishes
for the money necessary to transport the poor to
foreign countries, such a Bill ought to be suffered
to pass. Take the money out of the pockets of
the people at once, as a gift, not as a loan, and
then Mr. Horton would soon bring parishioners
to their senses, if there should be any thing go-
ing wrong on the part of the " Selects." The
system of borrowing is a dastardly system. Eng-
land has had quite enough of borrowing ; she
need not plunge further. An 800,000,0001. debt
stares us in the face, with taxes to support such
debt of 30,000,0001. a year—while the expences
of the Government are only 20,000,0001. a year.
—Morning Herald.
From the reply of Lord Dudley to Earl
Grey, it would appear that there is every pro-
spect that Russia will take possession of some
part of Turkey—we should think the Princi-
palities of Wallachia and Moldavia. The Rus-
sians will then, in all probability, like the
Romans in olden time and the British in
India of modern times, halt, and secure
to themselves, by negotiation with Turkey,
possession of those Principalities. This is
the way that we think the present affair
between Russia and Turkey will end. As to
England being able to oppose a measure of this
description, she has it not in her power—for,
as Cobbett often justly remarks in his Register,
" Debt says to the King of England, Thou
shalt not make war while I am in existence.' "

As to France, it is not her interest to oppose
this supposed seizure on the part of Russia,
Turkey is the barrier to our East India posses-
sions. It would be the interest of France
that that barrier were destroyed ; for then
France might come in for her share of the
division that in all probability will ultimately take
place of our East India possessions by Russia.
Austria, and France. Besides, France, by aid-
ing with Russia, will have the better chance of
keeping Spain, and, in conjunction with the
King of Spain, of obtaining virtual possession of
Portugal.—Again, it has been very likely said
by,ltussia to France. if you be quiet as to my
views on Turkey, you may take possession of
Algiers or Egypt. Austria will be tempted by
Russia and }ranee, to the effect, probably, that
she may seize as much of Greece and its imme-
diate neighbourhood as she can. It is not at
all improbable but there is a secret treaty between
Russia, Austria, and France, with respect to the
gradual seizure of, and division of, Turkey in
Europe and Asia. The eventual object, we
think, is to get at us in the East Indies--for, as
it is commonly supposed that our power depends
upon our East India possessions,.so, we believe,
it is thought, by the Powers we have enume-
rated, that if they can only put an end to our
power in the East, they will destroy us alto-
gether as a nation. That the French should
hate us, there cannot be much doubt. They
must hate us, for Wellington beat their
idol, Bonaparte. France can never forgive
us for the latter, and as for Russia, Austria, and
other Powers, the time will arrive when they will
be glad of a war, in order to get rid of the debts
owing to us, or the debts to become owing.
Besides, according to the predictions of ancient
writeiT, on the Prophecies, the time appears to
he rapidly approaching when the Mahometan
system is to be overthrown, and afterwards the
Hebrews are to be gathered together from all
nations, and are to be restored to their native
country, again to. become a great nation ; in the
which case that part of the world would again
become the highway of all nations for trading
purposes, the traffic with the East be again carried
on between Europe and Africa through that
central medium, as it was in the days of
Babylon, Nineveh, &c. At the bottom of the loan
system, or the annuity system of Europe are the
Hebrews ; and when they have brought that sys-
tem to such a pitch that it can go on no longer, and
no European Government will longer pay divi-
dends, then it will not be the interest of the He-
brews to remain in Europa, they will fly away,
and settle somewhere else. England will be the
last European nation whose debt will give way,
and the last nation from which the Hebrews
will fly. Her Parliament will gradually extin-
guish her debt, as her Parliament brought it
about. But should England's power in the
East and West Indies, Canada, &c., be put an
end to, and England left with no commerce but
that of an internal nature, the Hebrews will then
run away, to whatever part of the world the em-
porium of trade may be situated in, and in or
near the Holy Land, we think it very likely that
they will at length settle.—/bid.

MEETINGS OF CREDITORS.

COUNTRY DIA RY.—SATuRDAy, MA acu 29.

Brooks, N,, Doverdale, Worcestershire—Star and Garter,
Worcester
Greatbatch and Co.; Oxford.—Star, Hanley 2
Robson, H., Hanley—Swan, Hanley„„ 1
Terry, 'l'., Malton—Blacksmith's Arms, York ... .
Williams, E., Bangor—Clarendon, Liverpool ll
Williams, H., Bangor—Clarendon, Liverpool 1

INSOLVENTS APPLYING TO BE DISCHARGED,
Petitions to be heard at Portugal-street, Lincoln's-inn-fieldg,
March 31, at Nine.
Bartram, Samuel, 'Whitechapel-road, coaclismith
Brewer, William, Cirencester, grocer
Field, John, Sneedham, Gloucester, schoolmaster
Fletcher, Isaac, Abingdon, sacking-manufacturer
Gibbs, Mary Ann, Ramsgate, haberdasher
Hodgson, George, Gilderstone, clothier
Holbrook James, Battersea, lieut. R.N.
Jeffries,John, Stamford, book-keeper
Kitson, Thomas, Newington, stone-mason
Plume, William, Cavendish, gamekeeper
Raby, Philip, Sheffield, saddler
Boss Thomas, Weymouth, excise-officer
Shiels, John, Wapping, mariner
Tomlinson, Thomas, Westgate, butcher
Wenham, Thomas, Vauxhall, stock-broker
Willis, Henry, Twickenham, cabinet-maker

CQpIiTRY.--At the Court-house. at Ruthin, at April
at Ten o'clock.

Jones, Hobert, pg)iwsfaii:labourer
At .oover, March .1, at Ten
Ranoe, Charles, Dover, innkeeper
Hose, Lydia, Faversham, washerwomaii
Adams, Samuel,i Broadstairs, fishmonger
Carpenter, Francis, Bromley, gentleman
Cox, James, Margate, blacksmith
Durtnall, William, Dover, ironmonger
Howe, William, Margate, shoemaker
Hide, Angel, Deal, grocer

TO REVIVE PLANTS, &c.—Dissolve cam-
phor to saturation in alcohol, adding the former until it
remains solid at the bottom of the latter ; a sufficient
quantity of rain or' river water is then to have the alco-
holic solution added to it, in the proportion of four drops
to 1 oz. of water. Plants which have been removed from
the earth, and have suffered by a journey or otherwise,
should be plunged into this camphorated water, so that
they be entirely covered : in about two or three hours
the plant will revive. It is then to be placed in good
earth, watered, and protected from the too powerful action
of the sun until the roots have taken hold of the ground.—
Brande's Journal.

LENT ASSIZES.

MIDLAND CIRCUIT.-.-LEICESTER, MARCY 26.

The Assizes for this county commenced to-day.
There were 14 causes entered, and 45 prisoners for
trial, exclusive of 12 in the borough ; the latter,
however, were principally charged with trifling of-
fences, and were nearly all tried yesterday evening,
after the commission had been opened.
Elizabeth Ilolmei was indicted for wilful 'and cor-
rupt perjury.
In the course of the trial, the prisoner, upon being
asked from time to time if she had any questions to
put to the witnesses, invariably replied, " I'll be
tried by no one but my King and my country : I'll
be tried by his Royal Majesty King George the
Fourth, and the twelve honourable Lord Judges of
the land; and I will not submit to be tried by any
one else." From her frequent and unvarying repe-
tition of this reply, it was judged necessary to make
some inquiry into the state of her mind ; and for that
purpose, both the gaoler and the surgeon of the gaol
were called. But they both stated, that they had
never seen any grounds for believing that the pri-
soner's mind was in the slightest degree unsound.
Verdict—" Guilty."

OXFORD CIRCUIT.-SHREWSBURY, MARCH 24.

DOE, ON THE DEMISE OF OLDNALI. V. WOLLEY.

This was au ejectment brought to recover estates
in Shropshire to the value of upwards of 60,0001.
Mr. TAUNTON (with whom was Mr. Sergeant
Russia', and Mr. CußwooD) stated that the estates
in question bad belonged to Thomas Wolley, of
Woodhall, Esq. who had died in 1799. That gen-
tleman having married a lady, who was the aunt of
the present Earl Powis, and sister of Mr. Clive,
who had for many years represented the borough of
Bishop's Castle in Parliament ; Mr. Wolley was very
anxious that his right heir at law should inherit
his estates, and had, even in his life-time, adver-
tised for his male heir to come forward, not being
satisfied as to the claims of many persons who assert-
ed themselves to be his heirs. He made his will, and
by that he left the whole of his large property to his
wife for life, and after her decease to his own right
heir. Mrs. Wolley, his widow, died in 1824, and
upon the present claimant, Mrs. Oldnall, asserted
her right to the property, under the will of a person
named Frances Wolley, whom he was in a condi-
tion to show was the heir•at-law of the late Thomas
Wolley, Esq. of Woodhall. It therefore became
necessary for him to show two things--first, that
Frances Wolley was, in fact, the heir-at-law of
Thomas Wolley ; and, secondly, that Frances Wol-
ley devised all her rights to Mrs. Oldnall, the pre-
sent claimant. To establish the first point, he
should show that Frances %Volley was descended
from the grandfather of Thomas Wolley, Esq.; and
he should also show that she was acknowledged as a
relation of the family of the late Mr. Wolley, hav-
ing written abundance of letters to her as his cousin,
which letters would be all distinctly proved to be
of his hand-writing, and to be franked by
Mr. Clive, whom he had already stated to have
represented the borough of Bishop's Castle in Par-
liament. With regard to the validity of the will of
Frances Wolley, under whom Mrs. Oldnall imme-
diately claimed, it was right to state that Frances
Wolley was deaf, and had an obliquity of vision, so
that she could only see any thing that was held on
one side of her; but it would be most distinctly
proved that she was in full possession of her facul-
ties; and to put the validity of her will out of
doubt, Mr. Brampton, the attorney, who drew it,
had caused it to be.written in such a way as to en-
able almost any person to read it. (The Learned
Counsel produced it. The will was written on a
skin of parchment, with very black ink, and in
Roman letters an inch and a half long, so that the
writing had much the general look of the painted let-
ters that are on the notice boards put up in fields
to warn off trespassers.) This will, it would be dis-
tinctly proved, was read over by Francis Wolley
herself, and she ran her finger along under the name
of Mrs. Oldnall, and under the words " all my real
and personal property," to show that she perfectly
understood what she was about. With respect to
the defendant, his father was the baker to the House
of Industry at Shrewsbury, and be was descended
from a person named Hooley, and was, in fact, no
relation at all to the family to whom this estate be-
longed.
A great body of evidence was adduced to prove
the facts stated by the Learned Counsel, after which
the Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff.

NORFOLK CIRCUIT.-BURY, MARCH 25.
WOODWARD v. DOWSING.

Mr. KELLY opened the pleadings. The plaintiff,
in various counts, complained of a libel on his cha-
racter.

Mr. Sergeant STORKS stated the case ; and from
the statement of the Learned Sergeant, it appeared
that in 1818 the amount of the poor-rates in Wick-
ham Market was about 1,400/., but that in 1826
they had been reduced to 750/. An alteration so
striking created much sensation in the parish. The
defendant, who was draper and flour-seller, had an
opinion that all was not right, and wished to con-
vince others that his opinion was well founded.
The mode by which he endeavoured to bring about'
this conviction was the employment of the parish
bellman or crier to give notice to all parties con-
cerned, of his suspicions and notions of the subject ;
and accordingly he instructed the bellman to " sound
,the wide alarm throughout the state," and to inform
the inhabitants of the village of Wickham Market
what those notions were. They were accordingly
cried, for the amusement or reflection of the idle or
the interested, and were as follow, constituting the
libel in question :—" Oyez ! oyez! oyez! in conse-
quence of the illegal and illiberal practice being still
continued in this parish, forcing an order in lieu of
looney on certain poor persons, who, through neces-
sity, arelobliged to seek relief, by which illegal proceed-
ings such persons are obliged, against both their wishes
and interests, to procure flour from one person only,to
the injury of others in the trade, as well as a loss to
the persons so confined, arising from the difference
in price, this unlawful practice being carried on in
defiance of an Act of Parliament prohibiting such'
illegal conduct under a penalty of 100/.,and in spite of
a caution given to prevent such an abuse of the public
money,—Notice is hereby given, that in case such a
practice, after this second public notice, is again ad-
hered to, and information given of the same to Mr.
J. C. Dowsing, it shall not fail being seen into, and
the penalty imposed enforced, for the benefit of the
poor." It further appeared, from the testimony of
many witnesses, that the plaintiff was one of the
overseers at the time of the publication in question,
and that in their opinion the libel pointed to them
and the churchwardens. Each of the parish officers,
to the number of four, thought proper to vindicate
their respective characters, by bringing separate
actions against Mr. Dowsing for this same libel.—
The bellman was amongst the plaintiff's witnesses,
and certainly, for a literary man, exhibited but little
symptom of the " march of intellect :" he had the
good fortune of raising the only laugh by which the
dullness of the trial was mitigated, by a confession
of his inability of reading the copy of the libel,
which was put into his hands. The schoolmaster
was called in, and with the assistance of Mr.
Timothy Leek, the libel was at length made out:
The Jury found for the plaintiff—Damages 20s.
The plaintiffs in the other three actions agreed to
take the same verdict.

WESTERN CIRCUIT.—EXETER, AlAncit 24.

An action had been set down for trial, in which
the owners of the ship Countess of Morley were the
plaintiffs, and Mr. Barber Beaumont (in his capacity
of Director of the Rio de la Plata Emigration Com-
pany) was the defendant. The parties had retained
a great number of Counsel, and had entertained seven
or eight and twenty witnesses for a week at Exeter.
But as the pleadings were about to be opened, the
defendant consented to a verdict of 600/., subject to
some terms.
His LORDSHIP was engaged till about five o'clock
in hearing a great number of cases of robbery and

petty larceny, which had nothing to distinguish them
except the circumstance of the three-fourths of the
offences having been committed in the same parish—
that of Stoke Damarel, which adjoins the town of
Plymouth. His Lordship then adjourned to the
Civil Court, where, in the absence of Mr. Justice
LITTLEDALE, the following case was disposed of :

THE ICING V. WM. SNOWE.

The defendant in this case was a surgeon, who
had some years ago made proposals of marriage to a
Miss Read, a lady of considerable fortune, residing
at Stowe, in this county. The lady laving rejected
his addresses, he had, for a considerable time, been
in the habit of addressing to her, through the post,
letters containing the most indecent and disgusting
imputations upon her character and behaviour. The
contents of the letters were, if we may so express it,
written upon the outside, so that the libel was legi-
ble to all persons through whose hands the letters
passed. An indictment having been preferred,against
him for the offence, he pleaded "Guilty' to the
charge ; and Mr. Sergeant Wilde, after putting in
an affidavit of Miss Read, in which she swore that
the insinuations and assertions regarding her in the
letters were wholly false and unfounded, prayed the
judgment of the Court upon the defendant.
His LORDSHIP sentenced him to be imprisoned in
the common gaol of the county for six months, and
at the end of that time to give securities for his good
behaviour for two years, himself in 2001., and two
sufficient sureties in 1001. each.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.-YORK, MARCH 25.

„... _
Mr. Justice BA.YLEY disposed of all the causes set
down for trial in the list for the North and East
Ridings. They were for the most part undefended.
The trial for the causes entered for the West
Riding does not commence until Thursday. The
list contains 140 causes, ten of which are special
j uries.
The trial for the Wakefield Soke causes, in which
Sir J. Scarlett is specially retained, is said to be
fixed for Monday, April 7.

HOME CIRCUIT-HORSHAM, IVIARCH 25.
JACOB V. HATTON.

Mr. GURNEY stated the case. This action was
brought to recover compensation in damages for a
violent assault which the defendant had committed
upon the plaintiff. The latter was a respectable
man, who kept a boarding-school at Frant, near
Tunbridge Wells, and the defendant is a Captain in
the Royal Navy.
The Learned JUDGE having summed up, the
Jury, without leaving the box, found a verdict for
the plaintiff—Damages 51.

VEYTON V. ADAMS.

This was an action directed by the Court of Chan-
cery, and was brought to recover mesne profits of
an estate since the time the defendant held the estate
after his legal right had expired.
Mr. GURNEY stated the case. The defendant
had been tenant of Wakehurst-park, the property
in question, under a lease from the late Admiral
Peyton, at whose death his son became entitled to ji
the property; and the defendant's lease became void,
an action of ejectment was brought, and possession
of the property was recovered. The present pro-
ceeding was to recover the value of a great number
ramhmhiittste ,d,, to anda
m thatan., the
of rabbits, and of a quantity of underwood and heath,
which the defendant bad disposed of. He should
,ied all the
lirai d beenwhic committed,
the Learned Gentleman
rme of ;ll'
hecdhtahnlatat, waste
gah laughter
had
e ki.
ihimself was obliged to join.)
Witnesses were then called, who proved that the
defendant had killed a number of rabbits, and had
tciuoth b; r uhshutwoo theyd aand h
dd
ede a tth, haduring the periodheyedndoteofe
defendant
in
hta
dq ues-
not
madehat outthe
t
exterminated the whole race of rabbits.
Mr. MARRYAT (with whom was Mr. CMITTY)
addressed the Jury for the defendant, and contended '
meansprove
defendant had " killed all the rabbits to a man."--
thathis eahsi
es Laehadr n ehde Fhraide nde
vheandfabi
(A laugh.)
The Learned JUDGE having summed up the case,
ffhe Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff--
Damages 319/. 195., subject to the opinion of the
Court hereafter upon an objection taken by the de-
fendant's Counsel, relative to some outstanding
terms in the lease, which it was contended were
in existence, but which the Counsel on the opposite
side submitted were not good in law.

LORD RossmoßE.—A letter from Monaghan
states, that a public dinner is about to be given by the in-
habitants of that town and neighbourhood to this able and
patriotic Nobleman.- Dubleu Patriot.
GENERAL. STEAM NAVIGATION CONI-
rANY's OFFICE, 24, Crutched-friars, March
The Sir Edward Banks steam packet arrived yesterday
evening from Hamburgh, which place she left on the morn-
ing of the 22d, and Cuxhaven on the morning of the 23d.
Passed the James Riley below Stade ; saw the Jason brig
and Massena packet running up the Elbe. A number of
vessels were lying in Cuxhaven-roads wind-bound. The
Astrea, PARTRIDGE, and the Kenewah, REID, for New
York ; also the ship Plato, for Philadelphia, were to leave
Hamburgh about the 27th. Passed two vessels on Sunday
evening, supposed to be the packets from Cuxhaven, for
Harwich. Fresh gales westerly.-4 am Sir, &c.
J. Bennett, Esq., Lloyds'. C. BESSEL, Sec.

IN gratifying to an-
nouSncPeßthatGtheWeffAorTtsEnß.--I
now making, is
by direction. of Mr.
Wttss, to obtain a supply of spring water by boring, are
proceeding with a rapidity, which, compared with the pro-
gress of the former attempt, seems almost incredible.
Scarcely a fortnight has yet elapsed, since the commence-
ment, and already have they reached near two hundred
feet : it is true, that to effect this, the men have worked
early and late, but it is- pleasing to know that no time is
wasted.

.....
.Previous
clay
and
shells.
Previous depth, 42 led.
Stratum.
Tuesday
Wednesday 10... „clay, flint, and chalk stone.
Thursday. . 46 clay and chalk stone.
Friday 30 clay, chalk stone, and sheik.

Saturday 12 same.
Monday l5 clay and chalk stones.

Total of the week 143.
Full total ...............185 feet.
We believe the progress made this week, considering the
repeated obstructions caused by flints and chalk atones, is
unprecedented. This day they commence laying down
200 feet of piping, on the completion of which the boring
will be again resumed : should the process he continued
with the same activity as has hitherto been displayed, a
speedy, and we fervently hope a successful result, may be
anticipated.—Boston Gazette.
5,251,737 f.
In a speech to the Chamber of Deputies,
general richer than
on
Saturday last, M. CHARLES Do PIN gives the following ac-
count of the influence of gaming in France :—Out of the
86 departments, the amount of 51,354,765 f,
sit thnadvree d placedt
lt shsof itbnhts ee
their
playing departments are in
and the other 65 on
placed in the lottery ; 21 departmBe7in..yti
No
the 65 others. The 65 appear only to venture the five
hundredths of their land-tax, and the 21 playing -
depart-
ments
. every year in the lottery
land-tax. If we take as a basis the l dan -tax, the 21 de-
partments are 16 and a half times richer than the 65 other
ditll,to3tl,oe22Blfi,
If we take as a basis the taxes oil doors and windows, theys.
are eight times and two-thirds richer than the others.' h
the taxes on patents, they are five times richer. The 21
departments are dispersed through France :—le Department
du' Nord, le Pas-de-Calais, la Moselle, le Haut Rliin Pt l•
Bas-Rhin, le Meurthe, le Doubs, le Rhone, l'lsh-e' le Gard,
' Vaucluse, les Bouches du Rhone, la Gironde, Indre-et-
Loire, la Loire Inferieure, le Calvados, la Seine Inferieure,
le Loiret, Seine-et-Oise, et la Seine. Thus no influence of
climate or topography displays itself in any particular
manner on the passions of one or the moderation of the
other. As we cannot discover any physical cause, we must
consult the moral one. Let us look to the official state-
ments made by the Minister of Justice for 1825. I have
sought out the crimes most connected with domestic life.
Poisonings, in the 21 departments, nine condemned ; in the
65 departments, 11 condemned. Wounding of parents,
&c. for 21 departments, 20 condemned ; for 65 depart-
ments, 23 condemned. Domestic robbery, for the 21 de-
partments, 351 condemned ; for the 65 departments, 355
condemned. Children abandoned and born out of wedlock,
for 21 departments, 34,376 condemned for the 65 de-
Urtments, 35,016 condemned. d In four species of crimes
of so different a nature, we have then three times the number
in the playing provinces above the others.... Constitittionmel.