The Sun.
London, England, 1810-11-15 00:00:00

OCTOBER 10.

A Deputy for La Mancha took the oaths in the
usual form Perez De Castro made mention of a plan
both defensive and offensive for this Isle, presented
by General Galfuzz° rand of another with regard to
the cavaliy, by the Marqui,, del Palacio : both were
sent to the Commission of War to . be examined.
There was also read a circular letter from Senor Llo-

rente, Inspeaor-General of the Public Health, with
regard to its present state. It declared that the
number of sick persons was very small ; and in or-
der to calm the fears to which several, unfounded
• reports had given rise, it added, the number of in-
feelious disorders was unusually small.

OCTOT3BR 13.

OLIN-rims, one of the most zealous memberi of
the august Congress, and Deputy for Esttemadura,
• read a me(nori 4, in which he painted, in the must
lively colours the disorders in which the French
• • "leave those distrias which they abandon, the num-,
beriess evils which their commissaries have caused
by their requisitions of -men and provisionS, the want
, of all resources; and the miseries; in particular, of
• • the cultivators of the ground, by having to support
the enemy'S armies and their own ; the decline of
the ma aufatiores of common cloths, in consequence
.of the manufactories being 'tripped of them
with-
out plytreJt, in order to clothe the cliff:et-ea armies ;
•! the consequences of all which would be poverty,
• . nakedness, and a geueral fami,ie, it proper measures
were not adopted. He il-rt proposed such measures
as appeared to him to be proper, (or the purpose of
being transmitted to the respective Cocb,misioners
of War, Finance, &c. ; concluding with. proposing
- the appointment of a 'cornimSsion f r regulating and
orgainsitig the province,,, which might guard against
devils such•as those,whicti they ha.i already buttered,
and tepair them in the best possibleunanner.
dering these .matters as ur6eiir, calling for pre-
cedency before others—the Cortes passed a decree to
this etfect.

OCTOBER 14.

In a former sitting ARqUELLES had produced the
plan of a law on the Itiperty, ot the press, wlech com-
prised, first the limits of that liberty, aud the penal
ties for transgressors ; and secondly, the appoint-
Meta of a Junta of learned men, with the title of Su-
preme Council, PrOtector of the Lite;‘ty of the Press,
m order t. protect it from ministerial despotism, and
from tyranny.
jt was agreed that this plan should he printed, and
copies distributed among all the Deputies, in order
that 'tic), might consider the subjeet maturely, and
be preparnd to discuss it.,
This day, the plan being again read, TENREIEO
opposed it, alleging, that it was not right to discuss
such an important topic without the concurrence of
the Deputies who were still wanting.—What (re-
plied another Member), without their presence the
Cortes were installed; without their presence the
Spanish people recovered their sovereignty, an event
which will form an era in our annals ; and.is it
possible, that for an affair not of such importance,
we are to wait fur a few Deputies ?—r" But the dis-
cussion of it was not fixed for to-day."—" It was,"
replied various individuals. This was confirmed by
the President. "We do not come prepared," re-
plied another; upon which LUIA.I,I ascended the
tribune, arid the plan was read.
TiNitatao rose again : he declaimed against the
liberty of the press, and represented it as the origin
of the ruin of empires. (1-le would not, however,
permit binistlf to see that this liberty supports
the British empire). Some disapprobation was ex-
pressed, but Tenreiro continued to go on, till at last
the disapprobation became more marked.
ARGUELLES then ascended the ti ibune. He spew-
ed that the want of a free communication of ideas
had given arms to the Tyrant for our &wallop ;
that the English, aware of the cunning arts,of those
who meant to oppress them, gave freedom to the
pen and liberty to the press; they disentangled and
,etablished their principles; they unveiled the plots
of their enemies, and refuted their sophisms; their
people were instructed, and not left exposed to illu-
sion : by such means they were all united, and
rendered themselves invincible. The reverse had
been the fate of the Spaniards; deprived of its_free
course, knoWledge became stagnant, the learned re-
mained dumb, the ignorant were imposed upon ;
hence divisions, disunion, and ruin of the nation,
and the exaltation of the enemy.
ME LIA succeeded, and with exquisite erudition
and animated eloquence proved, that the sacred writ-
ings, our venerable religion, history and reason, fa-
voured the liberty of the press.
It was resolved that the discussion should-be con-
tinused on the following.day.
To-day at ten in the morning, the troops took the
oath to the Cortes in the field at Torrealto, in pr -
sericte, CLucral.Laimna. The concourse of people
was innumerable, the spealacle very fine, and the
enthusiasm of all, both soldiers and peasants, was
equal.
- - -

Ocr. t 6.,—Therewas read a Decree of the Cortes
passed yesterday, on the claims of the Ame-
ricans ; in which it was declared, That the Spatii,h
dominions in both hemispheres form one sole mo-
narchy, One sole nation, one sole family.; and that
the n:itia born subjeCts of the European and ,ultra-
tuariiie dominions are equal in rights to those of this
Peninsula ; leaving it as the Province of the Cortes
to discuss all tuel.sures relating to the prosperity of
tho.se beyond sea, as well as of the form of national
representation and number of its members in both
hemispheres; declaring also the, in all those trans-
t-iitlantie Provinces where any commotions have taken
place, there shall be a general ad of oblivion with

t6g.n:d 0 Clem, from the worm-nit when the so-
vereign authority which resides in the mother coun-
try is acknowledged.
Om I B.—A letter was read, in' %hich the Junta
of Estrernadula b.:licit:lied the Cortes, &c.
Various projeOs and memorials were transmitted
to the respective commissions.

The cliscussi,,,n upon the liberty of the press fol-
lowed. Senor GA RCI AFluit caos was for liberty of
the press without any censorship, in imitation of the
Supreme Tribunal, which never took upon itself to
censure any book below it was printed.
Senor MEXIA read an article groin the Gazette,
which mentioned, " that Buonaparte had decreed,
that there should be only one newspaper, of which
the Prete& was to be censot.", He added, that the
Cortes ought not to wish to resemble Buonaparte.
Senor A.houEL LES pronounced an eulogiuin on the
discourse of Munoz 'Potrero in a former diseni-ion
on this subjed, and refuted that of Llaneras. He
observed, that the best mode of cot reding man was
the libel ty of the ,press ; and noticed,
,that during
the ministry of Godoy, when there wee censors,
altars were raised to lasciviousness, &c. He defitd
any one to say that three ages of disorders arising
from the liberty of the press could produce h suc
great cvils as- tlioie we have suffered from tire want
ot it. -

LLANERAs spoke against it, observing that it was
not ti'e only road by which a nation reached distinc-
tion, nor the only means of knowing the public
opinion.

GOLFIN was for the liberty of the press, because he
thought it just, useful, and necessary. He com-
bated the opinion of Llaneras, observing, that since
the art of printing more publicity had been given to
-our religion.
Another Deputy also spoke in favour of it, ob-
serving that all were agreed in substance.
VALCARCEL, who also supported this liberty, was
for putting it to the vote, " whether the question
had been sufficiently dist.u,sed ?"
The discussion, however,- was continued ; and
CREUS read a plan, in which he proposed that she
Cortes should perm►t political works to by printed
without a censor; and at any rate, it there was a
censor, that scibmisslon to him should be voluntary
on the part of the author.
TENRErRo said, that it could not be doubted that
this liberty produced illumination; but chat also by
means of it were introduced a thousand errors. He
thought that it would be proper to consult the Uni-
versities, the Bishops, and the Holy Tribunal, who
so much abhorred the French. That in Galicia and
Catalonia this liberty would not be well received ;
that of ttie t 0 millions of inhabitants in Spain, not
more than t 00,000 were fin• it ; and that thus a bad
oi,inion would be formed of the Cortex. He insist-
ed that' error were introduced like poison, and that
the phdo-ophers had filiedthe world with darkness;
that the truly wise were few in number, and had
been suffocated by the former ; that Spain had ar-
rived at the height of its glory without the liberty
of the press; and without it, also,:Aad raised its
voice against ihe oppressor. He tepeated what the
Clergy of krance had told their King :—that tttis fa-
tal liberty had introduced into England an infinity
of sects, which filled the island and the throne with,
horrors, and which would one day destroy;the Con-
stitution of which it boasted, as that of France was
lost ; that it was much better to be rude and good,
titan knowing and bad, like the French; that the
executive power always haq the great influence
upon the press, even though it was free, so that
the press and its liberty would be as the Govern-
ment.

MU NO TORRERO observed, that the English held
it a funda-mental principle, and a declared tight of
the nation, to watch over the agents whom it appoint-
ed; that this right was exeicised through the press,
in such a way, that what is done in Parliament be-
ing published, the most obscure individual could
speak what he thought, and enlighten at the Same
time the Parliament and the Nation. Would to
God it had never been said from the pulpits, that the
Deity had inspired Charles IV. to place power in the
hands of Godoy, when he gave him the Admiralty,
and w hen the liberty of the press existed only for
such assertions. He did not speak of learned men
only, but of the whole nation, who had a right to
declare their opinions. This was not a theory with-
out praelice, but what was already established by
the constitution in England. It was the grossest
error to say, that the nation had not the right to de-
clare its opinions, and yet that its deputies possessed
that right; that. when Ferdinand arrived he would
possess more force than the executive power; and
then, if there was no public opinion, ner the means
of establishing it, he might destroy, when he chose,
Coites of the nation, as Gudoy had done, be-
cause there was no public opinion, nor the means
of freely establjshing it. He isliewed, that the
French Bishops did not perform their duties ; and
among other proofs, he mentioned that of. 70 of
them being present at an entertainment given by
the Conde de Aranda. The best and strongest bul-
aratk against vice was the moral and religious edu-
cation of the citizens. He distinguished the civil
and religious toleration of the English, from that
liberty of the press which he wished to establish.
The wise alone did not go form the public opinion,
but the whole of the citizens. These ideas were
general in Salamanca, Madrid, Badajoz, and in nu-
merous other places. (Here Monies observed, that-
in Gallieia the measure would be received with
pleasure). Torrero concluded, obsetving, that the
army were in favour of the liberty of the press
adding, that he had not deduced his opinions from
the tights of man, but from principles which he
had weighed.

ANGVILLES said, that even supposing the opinion
of ;Galicia was against the liberty of the press, and
tbukt the Cortes should be deceived in supposing
that the general opinion was for it, yet it was indis-
pensabtis to allow it; for by it alone could the ge-
neral ophsion be ascertained.

MORROS observed, that this was an affair of con-
science, and ought to be decided by theolog►ans and
and the holy Lathers ; that the Council of Trent,
,in, its 18th and 19th Sessions, pronounced against
the liberty of printing even books which treated
of politics and the fine arts; that the Council of
Lateran prohibited every kind of books without a
previous revisal ; that the Cortes ought nut ►o is-

We feel the most sincere pleasure in communi-
cating to our Readers the following Medical Reports.
We shall have, we trust, in a few days, the happi-
ness of announcing the complete restoration of his
Majesty's health.

" Windsor Castle, Nov. 14. tBto.
" His MAJESTY is still better to-day, and ap-
pear* to be in a state of progressive improvernept.
" H. R. REYNOLDS.
" H. HALFORD.
" W. HEBERDEN.
", M. BAILLIE.
" R. Wn.th."

The following is the Report of this day
•. Windsor Castle, Nov. Is.
His MAJESTY is much the same to-day as he
was yesterday,"

" H. R. REYNOLDS.
" H. HALFURD.
" W. HEBERDEN.
" M. BAILLIE.
" R. WILLIS."

Both Houses of Parliament will meet this day,
pursuant to the last adjournment, when, in conse-
quence of the rapidly improving state of his MA-
JEVTY'S health, a motion fora further adjournment
will be made. It was; we understand, the inten-
tion of some of the Opposition to have opposed the
Question of adjournment, but upon considera-
tion that plan
.was abandoned. We have also
heard that they had it in contemplation to have
made a motion for.- the examination of the Phy-
sicians upon oath, but that idea has, we believe,
also been given up; so that in all probability the
motion for adjournment will be carried nem. con.

The KING of SWEDEN landed yesterday at Yar-
mouth, from the Tartarus frigate, under a salute of
21 guns.—On his reaching the 'beach, be was re-.
ceived with three such hearty cheers, as perhaps he
never before heard, and such an impression had
they on. his Majesty, that tears of gratitude were
observed to trickle down his cheek. He was re-
ceived by Lord GARDNEft, the Port-Admiral, whose
carriage was waiting, and into which his Swedish.
Majesty got.„ and, preceded by the West York Mi-
litia, with colours and band, he repaired to the
Angel Inn to take refreshment, previous to his
setting out for London. He was dressed in scarlet,
with a star on his breast, and looked remarkably
well.

Th 3 preceding article of intelligence will, we are
persuaded, give as much pleasure to the people in

general, as the reception which the i11i1511.1c115
it '5
stranger received must have afforded him. ""
or
impossible to avoid expressing, on this occasion' - n
sense of the proud eminence on which this Country
wands, e'en in comparison with France,which at Pre'.
sent is able to wield the whole power of the Eurnre°l
Continent. In that Country the people are Held
an iron yoke, and are almost afraid to thirrk. 4;v
same bondage and the same tenor prevail in all the
vassal nations of the Continent. We find that t"t
only the miserable inhabitants of the different cnecr
but
tries are constantly attempting to escape,
even the brothers of the great Tyrimt the
earth are under the necessity of removing from th
reach of his power. And where Carl the rligltive.-o
4
of every country expeCt a secure, comfortable, 9"
honourable asylum, but under the protection of 10
British Government ?—Here they are not only safe
from the power of the Tyrant, but may Openly'tent
their feelings. Here, they fled a people, who n°t
only dare to think and speak With freedom, litj
who may print their sentiments- without hesitatlOr.'
and comment upon the measures of Geverrljel't
How must strangers be struck with the CO'
As to the King. of SWEDEN, it is not to be deu6teh
that the treatment which he received at YarolcLit, 5
will be -a sample of the respell and esteem "'lll
which his heroic actions, and noble 'sentitvez°
amidst the Royal degradation of the ConlinePl
must have impressed our countrymen in genet'"
and that all ranks will vie in zeal to give the sPirl
•
ed monarch a cordial welcome.
Ts''
Ms Swedish Majesty was received with ent-4,lhe
astir acclamations wherever he appeared. j' ,5
people took the horses from Lord Gii°l°ltf
cArriage, and drew it fur some part of Elie
'The King seemed to be- deeply affetted, 30a fw.ito
turned the ardent salutations of the people
g
evident marks of tenderness and delight. His *die
jesty was expected to stop at Lowestolfe, -
road to town.

The Princess Aluti dined with the QuE
4cIP
cesses, and the rest of the lloyal Family, on 'fUe-
for the first time since her close attenJance

•
Princess AMELIA. •
ce at
Yesterday their Royal. Highnesses the Pririb4
WALES,- Dukes Of YORK, CUM"RLAND, -
BRIDGE, arrived in tots n, from Windsor.
.0,5 t
INDIA-HousE.—Yesterday a Court' Of
was held, when the following Captains were !',.."
inio the command of their respeetive
Princess Amelia, Capt. E. BALs-roN piofe, "J3'
J. PENDERGRASS ; and Taunton Castle, (33,cf;01,
RICHARDSON, for Madras and
Capt. G. SIMPSON, for Bombay and nfilia,•iciP
The ship Mntratt was stationed for Betlal.::t sis
instead of the Albion.—The Court adjourned
o'clock, till to-morrow.

O
11111
fl TRACT OF A LETTER FROM A STFP )451
DATED CADACEIRA, LEIIIND Tonlas Y—
oCT. 27. -
" Some days after our arrival at our lines
ea"
the French made several artacks on our 001;50
which, at length, terminated in our retiring- t 0
a rivulet, forming a sort of natural boundary
position.
nioef
" We moved from Torres Vedras to this :' otif
with a view of being at once ready to enter in.alert
position, and we have been constantly 00 the the
expetting to be attacked. At present, '10%11'60er:114
enemy testifies no disposition to make the I.ltl--
and it is not improbable that, being deprivr°e,jtri
co-operation of MOETIER, who has been
commotions in Andalusia to return thither; 614/
SENA may think it imprudent to put the wha'eto tei
on the issue of a battle. How he continuesnceolf'.
tain his present position I cannot imagine, s',„te
his communications are cut off by the oPtbere
Coimbra, and his means of subsistence, eicc'
fore every day straitened and diminished.
" We learn ,from deserters, who
_daily Otliete
different parts of our camp, that the French I,;04
absolute want of bread; no. rations of which
been delivered for forty days past. All tI: e2,711164,,-1
had has been produced only by plunder.
hitherto been well supplied with meat, th°-",Vr
late without salt, which must inevitably Procl,deill:
sentery and other complaints. Under all theie
barrassments, I conclude they must soon cnaeroill
attempt on us here, or endeavour to retire, r
aoross the Tagus mid the Alentejo.
acquit " Our Portuguese are eery day Ott
creased confidence, and will, I doubt not, 1;,"1",,j,„'
ly•prove excellent troops. The Marquis L',°;ist
hasjoined us with a corps of Spaniards,to ftok i
the defence of this corner of the peninsa°'ioil°
whence I trust will spring the ultimate liberlit
the whole."
let?
The execution of Bu'oNA 1.7 A aTa's Decree' -or 100
ing an extrayogant duty on Coloniarproduce.n.nv
has, it seems, met with some oppositien ift01)!;
many. Some letters have been received froa3l‘
fort, which state, that serious disturbances had aft,ll
place in that city, in consequence of an ii,t‘it,eere 64;1
, exadt these duties. No hopes, however,'
tenanted that the persons liable to the (lat'e:'„g
ultimately succeed in either evading or resit'''''
meat. et'
1011)
A Captain of a vessel has just racily" fief;
from-Holiand, who left it on the 8111 jot'
that a measure yet more rigorous than "0 1104,
of Conscription had been adopted, and ibatjeeptiera;
between 18 and 22 years old, without
were dragged to the armies, from tile 11111"
01;01
the highest rank to the lowest. ;The J:)AC'-ge#'
18th ult. respelling burning colonial prF"
niy..been then carved into etiett..

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